MEMO TO WILLIAM CASEY FROM FRED C. IKLE

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP87M00539R001301640010-3
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: S
• Document Page Count: 8
• Document Creation Date: December 22, 2016
• Document Release Date: August 25, 2011
• Sequence Number: 10
• Publication Date: November 4, 1985
• Content Type: MEMO

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Joint Communique
Executive Registry
85- 4369 C
By mutual agreement between the United States of America
and the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics, President of the
United States of America Ronald Reagan, and General Secretary
of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union Mikhail Gorbachev,
met in Geneva November 19-20. The President was accompanied by
Secretary of State George P. Shultz, [list other senior
officials participating from US side]. General Secretary
Gorbachev was accompanied by Foreign Minister Eduard
Shevardnadze, [list other senior officials participating from
Soviet side].
The two days of meetings covered the entire agenda of
issues in the US-Soviet bilateral relationship and the current
international situation. The meetings were useful,
comprehensive, and frank. The discussions between the two
leaders resulted in agreement on a number of issues and defined
more precisely those areas where outstanding problems can be
resolved and where differences remain.
In their discussions President Reagan and General Secretary
Gorbachev reviewed in detail the recent history of US-Soviet
relations. They recognized that serious differences of view
and competing interests have led to the state of the
relationship. Both sides recognized that serious differences
in approach to the international situation can only be overcome
through sustained dialogue based upon a greater measure of
goodwill and serious intent.
Both sides affirmed that there is no realistic alternative
to a policy in which the United States and the Soviet Union
strive to avoid war and earnestly work at improvements in our
relationship. The President and the General Secretary
repeatedly stated their desire to reduce confrontation and the
danger of conflict and move toward a more peaceful and positive
international environment in which all countries are free to
prosper and compete in an open environment. Both reaffirmed
their hope that the world can eventually be free of nuclear
weapons and expressed a desire to move toward their elimination.
Both sides expressed determination to continue discussion
of their policy differences, to enhance the peaceful resolution
of disputes where possible and resolve outstanding problems in
a practical manner. In this area the two sides recognized the
vital importance of the arms control negotiations in Geneva and
agreed [to be provided.]
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Both sides affirmed the importance of adhering to
international commitments and agreements, including the UN
Charter and the Final Act of the Helsinki Conference on
Security and Cooperation in Europe. -
[The United States was pleased to note that consistent with
the provisions of the Final Act the Soviet Union had recently
resolved a number of humanitarian cases involving divided
spouses and dual nationals.] The United States affirmed its
view that the provisions of the Final Act regarding emigration
should be adhered to scrupulously.
[The Soviet Union reiterated its view that...]
The two sides agreed that individual cases can and will be
resolved in compliance with international obligations and
without interference in the internal affairs of either side. -
I. Bilateral Relations
The United States and the Soviet Union, guided by a desire
to place US-Soviet relations on a more stable and constructive
foundation, noted that several recent steps had been taken to
improve the bilateral relationship.
President Reagan and General Secretary Gorbachev were
pleased to witness the signing of a new exchanges agreement.
The two leaders expressed their strong personal commitment to
facilitating contacts between the American and Soviet peoples.
To this end, they have agreed on a series of new exchanges
in the educational, people-to-people, information, and sports
areas. They include: cooperation in the development of
microcomputer educational software for secondary school
:-_-7instruction; nomMa-tion of two distinguished educators or other
public figures to examine ways to promote study of each other's
language; a massive exchange of undergraduate students;
establishment of chairs to study the other's country in their
respective major universities; creation of a Soviet-American
scholarship program for students from each country to study at
a distinguished university; a 'Youth Exchange' program
involving several thousand secondary-school age youths;
expansion of 'sister-city' relationships; regular consultations
on efforts to combat alcoholism and drug abuse and trafficking;
establishment of national cultural centers and libraries in
each other's countries; inauguration of regular media
exchanges; facilitation of Soviet satellite transmissions to
the US via 'Gorizont' and of Worldnet and other U.S. broadcasts
to the Soviet Union; increased publication and distribution of
each other's books and publications; a reciprocal televised
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exchange of each country's best sports competitions; an
exchange of American football and baseball teams for Soviet
hockey and soccer teams; joint sponsorship of an annual, a
televised Washington to Moscow or Moscow to Washington 'Great
Race'; and a dramatic increase in binational competitions
across the entire sporting agenda. [Final list of agreed items
to be determined.]
As another means of furthering contacts and expanding
bilateral relations, the President and General Secretary agreed
that the two countries should open new consulates in Kiev and
New York simultaneously and at an early date.
The two leaders also noted with satisfaction that, in
cooperation with the Government of Japan, the United States and
the Soviet Union have agreed to a set of measures to promote
safety on air routes in the North Pacific and are working out
steps to implement them.
President Reagan and General Secretary Gorbachev
acknowledged that delegations from the United States and the
Soviet Union have begun negotiations on a civil aviation
agreement. The two leaders expressed their desire to reach a
mutually beneficial agreement at an early date.
President Reagan and General Secretary Gorbachev expressed
their support for an expansion of trade between the two
countries on the basis of mutual interest as discussed between
the U.S. Secretary of Commerce and the Soviet Foreign Trade
Minister at their meeting in Moscow in May 1985. The United
States and Soviet Union noted with satisfaction the growing
number of contacts in the trade area.
President Reagan and General Secretary Gorbachev expressed
pleasure that several additional agreements between the US and
USSR were leading to further productive exchanges between the
two countries. They agreed on the utility of recent visits to
the Soviet Union by United States cabinet members responsible
for agriculture, housing, and environmental protection. These
visits established the basis for future mutually beneficial
bilateral cooperation in those areas. They resulted in
agreement on a number of new projects of benefit to both
countries.
II. International Issues and Strenthening International Security
The United States and the Soviet Union recognized their
special responsibilities for maintaining world peace and
avoiding confrontation.
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Both sides recognized the particular importance of reaching
an early agreement in the nuclear and space arms negotiations
in Geneva on the basis of the joint statement issued by .
Secretary of State Shultz and Foreign Minister Gromyko in
Geneva on January 8, 1985.
The two sides agreed [language on NST to be provided.]
Both sides recognized the vital importance of adhering
scrupulously to existing commitments. The United States
expressed its serious concern over Soviet violations of several
commitments. Both sides agreed to redouble their efforts in
the Standing Consultative Commission to provide suitable
clarifications and resolve outstanding issues of concern to
both parties.
President Reagan and General Secretary Gorbachev reaffirmed
the commitment of the US and USSR to the Treaty on the
Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons and their interest in
working with other countries in further enhancing the
non-proliferation regime and the effectiveness of the Treaty,
inter alia by enlarging membership in the Treaty. They noted
with satisfacti:.n the overall positive results of the recent
Review Conference of the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of
Nuclear Weapons. The US and the USSR plan to continue to
promote the strengthening of the International Atomic Energy
Agency and to support the activities of the Agency in
implementing its safeguards as well as in promoting the
peaceful uses of nuclear energy.
The two sides reaffirmed their commitment, assumed by them
under the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons,
to pursue negotiations in good faith on nuclear arms limitation
and disarmament. The two sides view positively the practice of
regular US-Soviet consultations on non-proliferation of nuclear
weapons which have been business-like and constructive and
express their intent to continue this practice in the future.
The two sides agreed to accelerate efforts to agree on a
treaty to ban chemical weapons. They also agreed to initiate a
bilateral dialogue to decide on measures to discourage the
proliferation and use of chemical weapons.
The two leaders reviewed the situation in Europe,
recognizing the vital importance of developments there to
international peace and stability. Both sides reaffirmed the
importance of achieving the goals established in the Helsinki
Final Act and enhancing the process of building security and
cooperation in Europe.
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The two leaders noted with satisfaction the progress that
has been made in the Stockholm Conference on Security in
Europe. They renewed their commitment to an outcome in.
Stockholm encompassing the non-use of force and a commitment by
all signatories to a set of concrete confidence-building
measures.
In discussing problems in Europe, the United States raised
the situation of the military liaison missions in Germany and
the problem of free access of air corridors to Berlin. Both
sides reaffirmed the importance of strict adherence to
agreements in these areas and the need to avoid incidents which
could lead to their deterioration.
It was agreed that increased contacts between military
personnel is an important means to build confidence between the
two countries. The two sides have thus agreed to institute a
series of military-to military exchanges between defense
%/ ministers; chiefs-of-staff, military colleges, and other
appropriate officials and institutions.
The two leaders held a sober and realistic discussion of
the international situation. They recognized that serious
differences remain between the two countries, but that every
effort should be made to avoid confrontation and manage
differences in a realistic and non-confrontational manner.
The two sides agreed that regional experts talks on
southern Africa, Afghanistan, the Middle East, East Asia and
Central America/the Caribbean during 1985 had proved useful as
a means of exchanging views, minimizing misunderstandings and
avoiding miscalculations. They agreed to regularize these
exchanges.
The two sides discussed a number of regional conflicts
which contributed to the deterioration of their relations over
the past decade. They reviewed President Reagan's proposal for
seeking solutions to these conflicts and agreed that in the
first instance, negotiations between parties directly concerned
would be necessary. It was further agreed that should such
negotiations make progress, the U.S. and Soviet Union would
begin talks to support negotiations between the parties and to
reduce and eliminate outside military involvement. At a later
stage, joint steps to reintegrate the areas concerned into the
world economy could be considered.
The two sides discussed Afghanistan at length. The U.S.
side emphasized the importance of the withdrawal of Soviet
troops from that country, the return of the Afghan refugees,
and the ability of the Afghan people to pick a government of
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their own choosing. [The Soviet side ...1 Both expressed
support for the efforts of the United Nations to achieve.a
negotiated solution to the problem, which will permit the
people of Afghanistan to live in peace in a genuinely -
non-aligned nation.
The President and the General Secretary clarified their
respective positions on the Middle East. They reaffirmed their
support for a peaceful settlement in the region in accordance
with Security Council Resolutions 242 and 338 and the right of
all states in the region, including Israel, to live in peace
and security. The sides frankly expressed their differences
over the appropriate means by which to implement UNSC
resolutions 242 and 338.
Both sides presented their views of issues related to the
CentkalAmerica/Car.ibbean region. The U.S. expressed its
concern over the introduction of weaponry and other
7 interference from.-outside-which promotes armed conflict and
civil strife, detracts from efforts to resolve the region's
urgent economic and social problems, and could exacerbate
international relations. It emphasized the importance of
finding peaceful solutions to the conflicts in the region
through dialogue among political groups leading to national
reconciliation within each country. [The Soviet side ...)
Both sides expressed their support for the principles
? enunciated in the Document of Objectives adopted by the
(participants in the Contadora process and agreed to work toward
their comprehensive implemention.
They discussed the situation in East Asia. President
Reagan emphasized the economic dynamism of the region and
called for an end to threats and use of force against nations
in the area. He urged the Soviet Union to encourage the
Vietnamese military forces to withdraw from Cambodia in order
to permit the establishment of a genuinely non-aligned and
independent Cambodian state in accordance with the proposals
put forward by the Association of South East Asian Nations.
(The Soviet side ...) Both sides emphasized the importance of
the peaceful resolution of conflicts on the Korean peninsula
and look forward to competing in the 1988 Olympics in Seoul.
The two leaders also discussed the situation in southern
Africa. Both emphasized the need for all the people of South
Africa to participate in determining the political future of
their country. They agreed on the need to achieve independence
in Namibia on the basis of United Nations Security Council
Resolution 435. Toward this end, the United States restated
its determination to assist the nations of the region in
reaching a negotiated solution to their security and political
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problems and to promote the establishment of a free and
independent Namibia. In this regard, both sides reiterated
their view that all foreign troops should be withdrawn from
Angola.
President Reagan and General Secretary Gorbachev discussed
the threat to international stability currently posed by the
prevalence of terrorism in the world. Both countries have been
forced to cope with this modern scourge of mankind. The two
leaders condemned international terrorism and agreed to hold
discussions seeking ways to reduce the threat to the world
community.
III. Future of the Relationship
The United States and the Soviet Union agreed that the
current meeting represents only the first step in the process
of putting the U.S. - Soviet relationship on a more
satisfactory footing. President Reagan and General Secretary
Gorbachev expressed their determination to achieve concrete
results in all of the areas discussed in the earliest possible
timeframe. As evidence of their seriousness of purpose. In
order to accelerate the process to the degree possible, the two
leaders agreed to meet again in the near future to review
progress and agree on further measures in pursuit of this
objective.
General Secretary Gorbachev has thus accepted an invitation
by President Reagan to visit the United States. For his part,
President Reagan accepted General Secretary Gorbachev's
invitation to visit the Soviet Union. Arrangements for and.
timing of the two visits will be determined through diplomatic
channels.
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