WEEKLY SURVEYOR

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP86T00608R000700040013-8
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: T
• Document Page Count: 16
• Document Creation Date: December 16, 2016
• Document Release Date: February 22, 2005
• Sequence Number: 13
• Publication Date: March 31, 1975
• Content Type: IR

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134
TSWS-13/75
31 March 1975
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WEEKLY SURVEYOR 25X1
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USSR AND EASTERN EUROPE
It is believed that Bulgaria is experiencing
protein production problems in the agricul-
tural sector. With the a lie of advanced
technology Bulgaria now 25X1
joins other Soviet bloc countries that have
shown attempts to upgrade their animal
protein nroduetion. F7 I
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The reported emphasis on English in China's
language training programs. may provide a
reflection of long-range plans of the PRC
leadership to continue work toward improving
relationships between China and the world
community.
MIDDLE EAST AND ISLAMIC WORLD
Algeria is attempting vwMat is.probably the
largest forestation project for land reclama-
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tion purposes ever attempted and perhaps an
overly ambitious one for a country of
Algeria's means. A 950-mile long, 10-mile
wide forest barrier is to be established from
Morocco to, Tunisia in an effort to halt the
northward advance of the Sahara desert.
The Japanese have developed a small high
quality low loss lens to enhance their optical
communications capability. This development
and other attempts to improve materials and
processes indicate a continuing successful
effort by the Japanese to develo new optical
communication technology.
Although the Japanese industry is stressing
independent development and production
capabilities, Japan probably will continue to
rely heavily on importing or licensing avail-
able foreign defense technology for the next 5
years. Over the next 10 years, however, Japan
may be expected to emerge as a more
independent developer and producer of ad-
vanced defense technology.
MISCELLANEOUS
A large scale outbreak of foot-and-mouth
disease in Colombia has the potential to delay
the construction of the final link of the Pan.
American higinvay indefnnitely. US assistance
in this program is. dependent on a satisfacto
control program for. this disease.
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LIFE SCIENCES
Foot-and-Mouth Disease (FMD) Endangers Pan American High-
way Construction: New information indicates that FMD does
not exist. in Panama but is widespread south of Panama.
Governments in South America still have no coordinated
programs for its eradication and resort to quarantine and
vaccination when epizootics break out. The morbidity rate
from FMD has been very high in the affected countries.
Comment : A large scale resurgence of FMD in Colombia
has the potential to delay the construction of the final
link of the, Pan American highway indefinitely. In 1969,
the US agred to provide financial assistance for the
construction of this 250-mile section (Darien Gap Highway),
providing that a satisfactory FMD control program is
developed and implemented in Colombia and Panama before
construction begins. The US has not released the funds
pending a satisfactory FMD control nroaram.
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BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES
Language Teaching Ma Reveal Chinese Intentions: PRC
of i.cia.s are emphasizing the teaching of Eng ish. The
majority of students in primary and middle schools, uni-
versities, and language institutes are studying English
which is becoming the second language of the country.
Other languages such as Japanese, German, French, Spanish,
and Russian also are being taught. Of these, Japanese is
predominant; this can be attributed to Japan's role as
the chief trading partner of China and the leading exporter
of Western technology to the,PRC.
Comment: This reported emphasis on English in China's
language training programs may provide a reflection of
long-range plans of the PRC leadership to continue to
work toward improving relationships?with the world com-
munity. Although Japan is the chief trading partner of
China, it is evident from the many Chinese scientific
and technical delegations sent abroad that China is inter-
ested in seeking more technology from the West.
It has-been reported that from 1949 to the Cultural
Revolution, the only foreign language taught in China was
Russian. It is apparent that the PRC leadership must
have considered. the desirability of closer ties with
-English-speaking countries around 1967 and committed
resources to implement this decision. History reveals
China's gradual success with this endeavor.
Recent development of other language training pro-
grams, i.e., Arabic, Italian, Greek, and Albanian, may
indicate that China definitely intends to become a more
active member of. the world community and is carefully
developing the . language capabilities necessary for embark-
ing . on. this course.
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op ,Secret :31 `Mar 75
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AGROTECHNOLOGY AND,-FOOD RESOURCES
Bulgaria Attempts to Improve Animal Protein Prod uction:I
you ?ry an ,? , 200 swine in an experimental program. The
premix will be formulated with locally produced feed
e concentrate will e.used to feed 220,000
grains. If the results are favorable, Bulgaria is expected
technical assistance for developin a scientific feedin
program to optimize weight gains.
to expand imports of feed concentrates for swine and
'poultry production.' The Bulgarians also are seeking
Comment: It, is believed that Bulgaria is experiencing
meat probably will be accepted, and the application of
The use of feed additives to achieve efficiency for,
poultry and livestock is a widely accepted and practiced
procedure in the 'US. The results of the Bulgarian experi-
protein production problems in the agricultural sector.
With the applicat:Lon of this advanced technology, Bulgaria
now joins other Soviet bloc countries that have recently
shown attempts to upgrade their animal protein production.
this technology on a nation-wide basis will provide
tulgaria with a significant increase in animal protein
Premix feed, concentrates yield tremendous dividends
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lead to optimum animal growth.
to overcome deficiencies in the basic feed grains which
in terms of enhanced gains. They contain trace elements
Huge Land Reclamation Project Could Eliminate Food Shortages
in Algeria: On 9 February Algerian President Boumediene
officially opened a 20-year, $2 billion "green barrier"
project atTadmait, 220 miles south of Algiers. The.
Algerian Army has been given the formidable taskr'of
e$tablishing a 9.5'0-mile-long, 10-mile-wide forest barrier
from Morocco."to.Tunisia in an effort to halt the northward
advance of.the Sahara:desert. The encroaching desert has
been causing periodic famine and large-scale migration
from the countryside to Algerian cities. Six billion
seedling trees, mostly'pine and eucalyptus, are to be::'
planted.
The ultimate purpose of the, project; is to reclaim
0,000 square miles of.steppe for agricultural purposes.,
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Preventing further erosion is-only the first step in
reclaiming land for farming,, New wells, irrigation equip-
ment, heavy duty tractors and the like will be needed in
substantial quantities to return these formerly fertile
acres to a significant level of food production.
This is probably the largest forestation project for
land reclamation purposes ever attempted, and perhaps an
overly ambitious one for a country of Algeria's-meano. If
successful, however, it could enable Algeria to feed
itself, something it has been unable to do for many years.
Even in years of good harvests the country is estimated
to be less than 70 percent self sufficient in food (in
terms of calories). Foreign aid food supplies in the
1960s and more recently large imports of food have been
necessary to prevent the starvation of large numbers of
Algerians.
formerly fertile lard. In one 10-year period alone
.Algeria's arable land declined by some 750,000 acres.
Under the French nearly 5 million acres were reclaimed or
otherwise improved and developed, but since independence
the Alger-an government has done little to correct the
An extensive land reclamation program is long overdue
in Algeria. Over the years erosion, untimely cultivation,
deforestation in the mountains, and overgrazing on the
steppes have caused the degradation of much of Algeria's
problem, until now.
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PHYSICAL SCIENCES AND TECHNOLOGIES
Novel Japanese Input Coupler Enhances Their.O tical Com-
munication, apa ter; Japanese at Nippon Electric o; -
pany and Nippon Sheet Glasa Company report a 1.8 dB total
coupling loss from a double heterojunction laser diode
coupled to a Japanese produced Selfoc fiber for optical
communications. This was accomplished by developing small,
high quality low loss lenses made by the same techniques as
are the Selfoc fiber. No one else appears to be making
such high quality small lenses with so little loss.
Comment: The Japanese appear to have a novel device.
This development and other Japanese attempts to improve
materials and processes indicate a continuing successful
effort on the part of the Japanese to develop new optical
communication technology.
The achievement of total coupling loss of only 1.8 dB
compared to the previous best'of 3 dB results in approxi-
mately 30 percent improvement in power coupled into the
fiber. A few months prior to the Japanese announcement
of their low coupling loss by the use of lenses, they had
repotted the use of a sputtering technique to produce a
laser diode with the optical fiber coupled directly to
it. More details are needed to be certain if the two
reports refer to the same device. If they are the same,
it appears that the lens, which is made by the same process
as the fiber, may be fabricated by the same sputtering tech-
nique. This would result ir. a compact unit composed of
laser diode, lens and fiber. Such a bonded unit would be
less subject-to mibalignment than would a system of discrete
components.
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SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNICAL RESOURCES
Independent Development of Defense Technology is Stressed
by J a p a n e s e I n According to a Tokyo journal; the
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be expected to emerge as a more independent developer and 25X6
producer of advanced defense technology.
Kei anren (the Federation of Economic Organizations) recently
provided the Japan Defense Agency with an assessment of
defense procurement policies. The relative importance of
self-development, :licensed production,and importation of
military technology was evaluated. The analysis strongly
emphasized the importance of building and improving inde-
pendent development and production capabilities. Taken into
consideration were economic factors, international and
domestic politics and technological conditions, i.e., the
availability of technology and its difficulty, total systems
development, civilian uses of defense technology, secr(=c
requirements, and other factors.
Comment: Although the Japanese industry is stressing
independent development and production capabilities, Japan
probably will continue to rely heavily on importing or
licensing available foreign defense technology for the
next 5 years. Over the next 10 years, however, Japan may
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