WEEKLY SURVEYOR

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP86T00608R000700040009-3
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: T
• Document Page Count: 15
• Document Creation Date: December 16, 2016
• Document Release Date: March 3, 2005
• Sequence Number: 9
• Publication Date: March 3, 1975
• Content Type: IR

25X1
Approved For Release 20D5104113:CIA-RDPBBTOD606ROD070D040D09.0
 Approved For Release 2005/04/13 : CIA-RDP86T00608R000700040009-3 25X1
Top Secret
Weekly Surveyor
Top Secret
:1.39
TSWS-9/75
3 March 1975
25X1
Approved For Release 2005/04/13 : CIA-RDP86T00608R00070 040009-3
 25X1 Approved For Release 2005/04/13 : CIA-RDP86T00608R000700040009-3
Approved For Release 2005/04/13 : CIA-RDP86T00608R000700040009-3
 Approved For Release 2
25X1
USSR AND EASTERN EUROPE
Soviet Colonel A. Lconov reportedly con-
firmed that the Soviets are working or a space
shuttle. There is as yet no tangible evidence,
however, of actual Soviet development of
hardware or preparation of crews for such a
25X1 program
The Soviets are determined to provide the
agricultural senor with better fertilizer. They
have produced a propaganda film covering in
detail the technology of applying anhydrous
ammonia in agriculture. The principal disad-
vantage of using anhydrous ammonia is the
expensive heavy equipment which must be
used, but the fertilizer can be expected to
25X1
25X1
25X1
increase the yield of grains and other food
cro s.
25X1
X1
The Soviets have selected a steam generator
design for their BN-600 liquid-metal fast
breeder reactor.
The Soviet Smolensk nuclear power staticn
(AES) is scheduled for expansion.r-
2X1
The sc e u e
expaiif,:on calls or the construction of two
25X1 25X1
i OSI'TSWS-9/75
Secret 3 Mar 75
Approved For Release 2005/04/13 : CIA-RDP86T00608R000700040009-3
 25X1
25X1
25X1
25X1
25X1
Approved For Release 200
25X6
additional reactors. These additional reactors
probably would not become operational until
the mid-1980s.
France has declared a 5S-kilometer clanger
zone around Mururoa and "r'agataufa Atolls.
The Chinese have built and tested a small
Tokamak device for use in controlled-
thermonuclear-fusion research. This repre-
sents the first known effort by the Chinese in
Tokamak research.
25X1
25X1
Japanese Prime Minister Miki tells Diet that
since Japan's technology is foremost in the
world, iechnology must be the core of Japan's
aid programs. Within the next 5 years, Japan
probably will become a significantly
dominant participant in the technological
development of the world's resources and
manufacturing enterprises.
25X1
ii OSI?TSWS-9/75
Top Secret 3 Mar 75
25X1
 25X1 Approved For Release 2005/04/13 : CIA-RDP86T00608R000700040009-3
Approved For Release 2005/04/13 : CIA-RDP86T00608R000700040009-3
 Approved For R4
25X1
NUCLEAR ENERGY
France Declares Danger Zone for 1975 Nuclear Test Series: The
Japanese ara.time Safety Agency today reported that t had ob-
tained a French hydrograpphic report designating a radius of 55
Xilome~ers around Mururoa and Fagataufa Atolls as a danger
zone.
Comment: In the past, the areas around Mururoa and Faga-
'caufa have been declared dangerous to shipping and aircraft
at the start of the French nuclear test season. This notice
did not specify a time limit, but a Defense Ministry official
stated that it had a permanent character "valid all year
round." This is probably a reflection of the tact that France
is planning to conduct underground rather than atmospheric
nuclear tests this year.
The notice probably does not imply an imminent test but
does imply an intent to test during the year.-T
PRC Announces Operation of Tokamak: On' 4 February, the PRC an-
nounced that the Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sci-
ences, Peking, has built and tested a small Toka;,Lak device for
use in controlled--thermonuclear-fusion research. The device is
completely homemade, with many of its components having been
constructed in a makeshift manner or retrieved from junk piles.
The PRC claims that more than 800 discharges already have been
made with the device and that the building of the device was a
national effort
Tokamak research.
Comment: Thi
known PRC effort in
25X1
2 A 1
25X1
Approved For Release 201
OSI-TSWS-9/75
3 Mar 75
510T 4Q'p3 SG~IrAr96P86TO0608RO00700040009-3
 spearhead projects of the Soviet nuclear power program. The
uranium-graphite reactor units, specially designed for thic
station, will be widely used in the USSR to build even more
powerful nuclear power stations near Kursk and Smolensk in
central Russia and at Ch eirnobyl' in the Ukraine (each with a
25X1
Approved For Relelase CIA-ROF-86 1006 8R000700040009-3
25X1
25X1
25X1
Soviet Smolensk Nuclear Power Station (AES) is Scheduled for
Mxpans on: The Leningrad nuclear power station is one o t e
capacity of 4-million kilowatts.
Comment: 'his is the first indication of plans to enlarge
the Smolensk AES. The Smolensk AES was planned originally. to
use two RBMK-1000 reactors whern completed in about 1980 or
1981. The RBMK-1000 is a 1,000 MWe graphite-moderated, pres-
sure-tube reactor; thus the expansion, when complete, would
25X1
25X1
25X1
double the electric power capacity of the Smolensk AES.
Those additional two re-
actors to be built at Smolensk, probably would not become opera-
tional until the mid-1980s.
25X1
Soviets Select Steam Generator Design for the BN-600 Liquid-
Metal Fast Breeder Reactor-/"
The primary considerations in the selection
o this steam generator design were operational reliability
and s,fP_ty. Ranh sentinn can ha isnlatad by isnlatinn valvaG.
Approved
2 OSI-TSWS-9/75
L
For Release 2001`a 13S!91i&C- 2DP86T00608R00070004000J-3Mar 75
25X1
25X1
25X1
 25X1
Approved For Releo
the Soviets
designs.
25X1
25X1
25X1
25X1
Approved r Release 2005/04/13 3 CIA-RDP86T00608R000706 BOG --S- 9/ 7 5
Top Secret 3 Mar 75
 Approved For Relea
25X1
SPACE
25X1
Soviet A ollo-S Buz Test Pro'ect (ASTP) Pilot Claims USSR
has S ace Shuttle Pro ram: wring the nternational stro-
nau ica e eT ration Congress held in Amsterdam, Holland,
14 October 1974, Colonel A. Leonov reportedly "confirmed"
that the Soviets are working on a vehicle comparable to the
US space shuttle. Leonov, the Soviet command pilot designated
for the ASTP joint manned flight, statr:d that no decisions
have been made concernin configuratio and orbit of the Soviet
spacecraft.
Comm t:. In the past year, there have been many rumors
concerning a Soviet manned space shuttle effort. Several So-
viet space authorities have expressed great interest in the
shuttle concept, and there have been suggestions that a new
small class of..Soviet manned spacecraft (different from Soyuz)
is under development. There is as yet no tangible evidence,
however, of actual Soviet development of hardware or preparatio,
of crews for such a program.
25X1
Approved Fo
Release 2005/04113 4CIA-RDPa6T00608R00070089gO0*y-9 75 mop Secret 3 Ma.
75
 25X1 Approved For Release 2005/04/13 : CIA-RDP86T00608R000700040009-3
Next 3 Page(s) In Document Exempt
Approved For Release 2005/04/13 : CIA-RDP86T00608R000700040009-3
 Approved For Re
AGROTECHNOLOGY AND FOOD RESOURCES
Soviets Promote -Use of High-Analysis Nitrogen Fertilizer:
The scienti .ic and technical information and propaganda
division of Ukrsel'khoztekhnika has produced a film on the
use of anhydrous ammonia (Anhy NH3) in agriculture. The film
covers in detail the technology of aVplying Anhy NH3 to the
soil, and attempts to convince the viewer of its high effec-
tiveness. The stated purpose of the film is to popularize
the use of this nitrogen fertilizer.
Comment: This is another indication of Soviet intent to
provide the agricultural sector with better fertilizers, Anhy
NH3 with its high concentration of nitrogen (82%), lower fac-
tory cost per unit of nitrogen, and ease of distribution is
probably the best form of nitrogen to use as a fertilizer where
soil conditions permit. Anhy NH , formerly reserved largely
for cotton--a priority crop in the USSR, can be expected to in-
crease the yield of grains and other food crops. Ammonium
nitrate (33% N) and urea (45% N), often of pcor quality, are
the primary sources of nitrogen for fertilizer in the USSR.
Anhy NH3 is stored as a liquid under high pressure (up to
200 psi) and enters the soil as a gas. Its principal disadvantage
is the expensive heavy equipment required to inject it into the
soil. If the Soviets expect to increase the use of Anhy NH3
significantly throughout the country, they will need thousands
of these applicators in addition to the modern technology for
producing ammonia already contracted for from the WAg+
Approved Fq
r Release 204gl~rpIt4-RDP86T00608R0007 "4W3 9 / 7 5
Kar 75
25X1
25X1
 25X1 Approved For Release 2005/04/13 : CIA-RDP86T00608R000700040009-3
Approved For Release 2005/04/13 : CIA-RDP86T00608R000700040009-3
 Approved For Rele 00700040009-3
SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNICAL RESOURCES
25X1
Jai F'orei n Aia Program Stray tines Im roved 'I'echni.ual
Coo eration: Japanese 'r the Mi-n r3tar < . told t: r~ Trt that
aasirjtan e"t;c, the developing countries will place priority
on technical cooperation. I3ecaune Jat m'c technology is
"foremoot in the world," technology must be the core of Japan's
aid programs. Under the slow growth economy, there will be
limits to this cooperation; hence, the quality of aid will have
25X1 to be improved. The system for administering aid, includinp
trainin roramn also will ha'e to be improved. 25X1
Cnmmont Miki'o statements reaffirm Japanese aid policies
whicF'}nveabeen in effect for at least the last year. In 1974
Japan's technical aid to developing countries incrc~ared marked .y,
especially from pri vats enterprises. Miki' a predecessor and
other officials have stressed technological assistance in sup-,
port of Japan's "resources diplomacy" aimed at exchanging tech-
nology for scarce .,esourcen. Miki is believ J to be responding
to Japan's need for resources as well an to recent criticisms
by certain aid recipients on the poor quality of Japan's tech-
nical aid. Nevertheless, many developing countries are soliciting
technology from Japan. Also, many now aid agreements have
been negotiated with eountrirs rich in natural resources
in Latin America, Africa, and the Middle East, in addition
to countries in Asia which c ready have established tier; with
Japan.
Japan keenly recognizes its dependence on other countries
for natural resources and has sought multil.areral is~vcst:.,e;~ts
with the US and European countries in its technical aid projects.
Since about mid-1973, the government, in cooperation with indus-
try, has increased markedly Japanese technical surveys, training
and consulting programs abroad. A systematic search for suitable
locations for resources development and manufacturing also in
pursued. Within the next 5 years, Japan probably will become a
significantly dominant participant in the t
h
ec
nological develop-
ment of the world's resources and rranufacturin enter rises.
25X1
25X1
Approve
For Release ?.Q$ /0J/l3 : CIA-RDP86T00608R0000g WS9/75
cret . M,... If
 25X1 Approved For Release 2005/04/13 : CIA-RDP86T00608R000700040009-3
Next 10 Page(s) In Document Exempt
Approved For Release 2005/04/13 : CIA-RDP86T00608R000700040009-3