NATIONAL BASIC INTELLIGENCE FACTBOOK

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP86T00608R000600100003-3
• Release Decision: RIFPUB
• Original Classification: U
• Document Page Count: 256
• Document Creation Date: December 12, 2016
• Document Release Date: April 22, 2002
• Sequence Number: 3
• Publication Date: July 1, 1975
• Content Type: REPORT

 J u I Y Arr-6d For Release 2002/07/03: CIA-RDP96T'bt608R000600100003-3
National Basic Intelligence
FACTBOOK
DIA and DOS review(s) completed.
Approved For Release 2002/07/03 : CIA-RDP86T00608R000600100003-3
 Approved For Releas'2002/07/03 : CIA-RDP86T00608R000600100003-3
w ,, .
The National Basic Intelligence Factbook, a compilation of basic
data on political entities worldwide, is coordinated and published
semiannually by the Office of Geographic and Cartographic
Research, Central Intelligence Agency. It Is Issued for use by U.S.
Gcvernmont departments and agencies. The data are prepared by
components of the Cen?ral Intelligence Agency, the Defense
Intelligence Agency. and the Department of State. Comments and
suggestions should be addressed to the Office of Geographic and
Cartographic Research (Att^.: Factbook), Central Intelligence Agency,
Washington, D.C. 20505.
Federal government officials may obtain additional copies of the
Factbook directly or through ;laison channels from the Central
Intelligence Agency.
Others may address inquiries to:
Document Expediting (DOCEX) Project
Exchange and Gift Division
Library of Congress
Washington, D.C. 20540
Approved For Release 2002/07/03 : CIA-RDP86T00608R000600100003-3
 Approved For Release 2002/07/03 : CIA-RDP86T00608R000600100003-3
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Entries In all capital letters rotor to
basic data shoots Included In this factbook
Abbreviations for International Organizations . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
United Nations (U.N.): Structure and Related Agencies . . . . . . . . .
Pago
Ix
xl
Abu Dhabi (sea UNITED ARAB EMIRATES) 1
AFGHANISTAN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
'AJman (see UNITED ARAB EMIRATES) 2
ALBANIA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
ALGERIA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
ANDORRA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
ANGOLA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Anguilla (sea ST. CHRISTUPHER-NEVIS) 6
ANTIGUA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
ARGENTINA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
AUSTRALIA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
AUSTRIA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Azores (see PORTUGAL)
-B-
BAHAMAS, The . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 12
BAHRAIN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
Balearic Islands (see SPAIN) 14
BANGLADESH . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
BARBADOS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
BELGIUM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
BELIZE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
BERMUDA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
BHUTAN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
BOLIVIA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
BOTSWANA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
BRAZIL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
British Honduras (see BELIZE) 25
r:,,,:TISH SOLOMON ISLANDS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
BRUNEI . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
BULGARIA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
BURMA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
BURUNDI . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Cabinda (see ANGOLA) 30
CAMBODIA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
CAMEROON . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
CANADA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Canary Islands (see SPAIN)
Cape Verde Islands (see PORTUGAL) 34
CENTRAL AFRICAN REPUBLIC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Ceylon (see SRI LANKA) 35
CHAD . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
CHILE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38
CHINA, PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Approved For Release 2002/07/03 : CIA-RDP86T00608R000600100003-3
 Approved For Release 2002/07/03 : CIA-RDP86T00608R000600100003-3
CHINA, REPUBLIC OF . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38
COLOMBIA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40
COMORO ISLANDS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42
CONGO (Brazzailllo) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43
Congo (Kinshasa) (see ZAIRE)
COOK ISLANDS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44
COSTA RICA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45
CUBA ................................ 46
CYPRUS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47
CZECHOSLOVAKIA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49
DAHOMEY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50
DENMARK . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51
DOMINICA 53
DOMINICAN REPUBLIC 54
Dubai (see UNITED ARAB EMIRATES)
ECUADOR . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55
EGYPT ............................... 57
EL SALVADOR . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58
EQUATORIAL GUINEA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59
ETHIOPIA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60
FAEROE ISLANDS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62
FALKLAND ISLANDS (MALVINAS) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63
Fernando Po (see EQUATORIAL GUINEA)
FIJI ................................. 64
FINLAND . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65
FRANCE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66
FRENCH GUIANA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68
FRENCH POLYNESIA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69
FRENCH TERRITORY OF THE AFARS AND ISSAS . . . . . . . . . . . 70
Fujairah (see UNITED ARAB EMIRATES)
GABON 71
GAMBIA .............................. 72
GERMANY, EAST . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73
GERMANY, WEST . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75
GHANA ............................... 76
GIBRALTAR . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77
GILBERT AND ELLICE ISLANDS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78
GREECE .............................. 79
GREENLAND . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81
GRENADA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82
GUADELOUPE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83
GUATEMALA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84
GUINEA .............................. 85
GUINEA-BISSAU . . . . 86
Guinea, Portuguese (see GUINEA-BISSAU)
GUYANA .............................. 87
Approved For Release 2002/07/03 : CIA-RDP86T00608R000600100003-3
 Approved For Release 2002/07/03 : CIA-RDP86T00608R000600100003-3
July 1975
-H- Pago
HAITI ............................... 88
HONDURAS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90
HONG KONG . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91
HUNGARY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92
ICELAND . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93
INDIA ................................ 95
INDONESIA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 96
IRAN ................................ 98
IRAQ ................................ 98
IRELAND . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100
ISRAEL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102
ITALY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103
IVORY COAST . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105
JAMAICA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 106
JAPAN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 108
JORDAN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109
KENYA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 110
KOREA, NORTH . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111
KOREA, SOUTH . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 112
KUWAIT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 114
LAOS ................................ 115
LEBANON . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117
LESOTHO . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 118
LIBERIA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 119
LIBYA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 120
LIECHTENSTEIN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 122
LUXEMBOURG . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123
MACAO . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 124
MAOAGASCAR . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 125
Madeira Islands (see PORTUGAL)
Malagasy Republic (see MADAGASCAR)
MALAWI . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 126
MALAYSIA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 128
MALDIVES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 130
MALI ................................ 131
MALTA .............................. 132
MARTINIQUE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 134
MAURITANIA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 135
MAURITIUS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 136
MEXICO . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 137
MONACO . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139
MONGOLIA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 140
MOROCCO . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 141
MOZAMR!QUE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 142
v
Approved For Release 2002/07/03 : CIA-RDP86T00608R000600100003-3
 Approved For Release 2002/07/03 : CIA-RDP86T00608R000600100003-3
NAURU . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 143
NEPAL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 144
NETHERLANDS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 145
NETHERLANDS ANTILLES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 147
NEW CALEDONIA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 148
NEW HEBRIDES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 149
NEW ZEALAND . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 150
NICARAGUA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 151
NIGER ............................... 153
NIGERIA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 154
Northern Rhodesia (see ZAMBIA)
NORWAY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 155
_O__
OMAN ............................... 157
_P_
PAKISTAN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 158
PANAMA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 159
PAPUA NEW GUINEA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 160
PARAGUAY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 162
Pemba (see TANZANIA)
PERU ................................ 163
PHILIPPINES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 164
POLAND . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1P4i
PORTUGAL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 167
Portuguese Guinea (see GUINEA-BISSAU)
PORTUGUESE TIMOR . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 169
-Q-
QATAR . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 170
-R-
Ras al Khaimah (see UNITED ARAB EMIRATES)
REUNsJN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 171
RHODESIA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 172
Rio Muni (see EQUATORIAL GUINEA)
ROMANIA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 173
RWANDA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 175
ST. CHRISTOPHER-NEVIS-ANGUILLA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 176
ST. LUCIA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 177
ST. VINCENT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 178
SAN MARINO . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 179
SAUDI ARABIA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 180
SENEGAL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 181
SEYCHELLES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 182
Sharjah (see UNITED ARAB EMIRATES)
SIERRA LEONE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 183
SINGAPORE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 185
SOMALIA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 186
Approved For Release 2002/07/03 : CIA-RDP86T00608R000600100003-3
 Approved For Release 2002/07/03 : CIA-RDP86T00608R000600100003-3
Pago
SOUTH AFRICA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 187
Southern Rhodesia (see RHODESIA)
SOUTH-WEST AFRICA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 188
SPAIN ............................... 190
SPANISH SAHARA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 191
SRI LANKA (formerly Ceylon) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 192
SUDAN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 194
SURINAM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 195
SWAZILAND . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 197
SWEDEN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 198
SWITZERLAND . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 199
SYRIA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 201
Tanganyika (see TANZANIA)
TANZANIA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 202
Tasmania (see AUSTRALIA)
THAILAND . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 204
TOGO ................................ 205
TONGA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 206
TRINIDAD AND TOBAGO . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 207
TUNISIA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 208
TURKEY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 209
-U-
UGANDA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 211
Umni al Qaiwaln (see UNITED ARAB EMIRATES)
U.S.S.R . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 212
UNITED ARAB EMIRATES: Abu Dhabi, 'Ajman, Dubai, Fujairah,
Ras at Khaimah, Sharjah, Umm al Qaiwain . . . . . . . . . . . . . 213
United Arab Republic (see EGYPT)
UNITED KINGDOM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 214
UNITED STATES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 231
UPPER VOLTA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 216
URUGUAY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 217
-V-
VATICAN CITY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 218
VENEZUELA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 219
VIETNAM, NORTH . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 221
VIETNAM, SOUTH . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 222
WALLIS AND FUTUNA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 223
Walvis Bay (see SOUTH AFRICA)
WESTERN SAMOA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 224
Approved For Release 2002/07/03 : CIA-RDP86T00608R000600100003-3
 Approved For Release 2002/07/03 : CIA-RDP86T00608R000600100003-3
Pago
ZAIRE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 228
ZAMBIA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 230
Zanzibar (see TANZANIA)
I CANADA
II MIDDLE AMERICA
III SOUTH AMERICA
IV EUROPE
V THE MIDDLE EAST
VI AFRICA
VII U.S.S.R. and ASIA
VIII OCEANIA
Approved For Release 2002/07/03 : CIA-RDP86T00608R000600100003-3
 Approved For Release 2002/07/03 : CIA-RDP86T00608R000600100003-3
ABBREVIATIONS FOR INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS
AAPSO Afro-Asian People's Solidarity Organization
ACCY Agency for Cultural and Technical Cooperation of
French-speaking Countries
ADB Asian Development Bank
AFDB African Development Bank
ANZUS ANZUS Council; treaty signed by Australia, New Zealand,
and the United States
ASEAN Association of Southeast Asian Nations
ASPAC Asian and Pacific Council
BENELUX Belgium, Netherlands, Luxembourg Economic Union
BLEU Belgium-Luxembourg Economic Union
CACM Central American Common Market
CARICOM Caribbean Common Market
CARIFTA Caribbean Free Trade Association
CEAO West African Economic Community
CEMA Council for Economic Mutual Assistance
CENTO Central Treaty Organization
Colombo Plan
Council of Europe
DAC Development Assistance Committee (OECD)
EAMA African States associated with the EEC
EC European Communities (EEC, ECSC, EURATOM)
ECSC European Coal and Steel Community
EEC European Economic Community (Common Market)
EFTA European Free Trade Association
EIB European Investment Bank
ELDO European Launcher Development Organization
EMA European Monetary Agreement
ENTENTE Political-Economic Association of Ivory Coast, Dahomey,
Niger, Upper Volta, and Togo
ESRO European Space Research Organization
EURATOM European Atomic Energy Community
IADB Inter-American Defense Board
IDB Inter-American Development Bank
IEA International Energy Agency (Associated with OECD)
IFCTU International Federation of Christian Trade Unions
IHB International Hydrographic Bureau
IPU Inter-Parliamentary Union
IRC International Red Cross
LAFTA Latin American Free Trade Association
Approved For Release 2002/07/03 : CIA-RDP86T00608R000600100003-3
 Approved For Release 2002/07/03 : CIA-RDP86T00608R000600100003-3
ABBREVIATIONS FOR INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS (Cont.)
LICROSS League of Red Cross Societies
NATO North Atlantic Treaty Organization
OAPEC Organization of Arab Petroleum Exporting Countries
OAS Organization of American States
OAU Organization of African Unity
OCAM Afro-Malagasy and Mauritian Common Organization
ODECA Organization of Central American States
OECD Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development
OPEC Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries
SEATO South-East Asia Treaty Organization
UEAC Union of Central African States
UDEAC Economic and Customs Union of Central Africa
WEU Western European Union
WCL World Confederation of Labor
WFTU World Federation of Trade Unions
WPC World Peace Council
Approved For Release 2002/07/03 : CIA-RDP86T00608R000600100003-3
 Approved For Release 2002/07/03 : CIA-RDP86T00608R000600100003-3
UNITED NATIONS (U.N.): STRUCTURE AND RELATED AGENCIES
Principal Organs:
Sc
GA
ECOSOC
TC
ICJ
Operating Bodies:
UNCTAD
TDB
Security Council
General Assembly
Economic and Social Council
Trusteeship Council
International Court of Justice
Secretariat
U.N. Conference for Trade and Development
Trade and Development Board
UNICEF U.N. Children's Fund
Regional Economic Commissions:
ECA
ECAFE
ECE
ECLA
ESCAP
Economic Commission for Africa
Economic Commission for Asia and the Far East (see ESCAP)
Economic Commission for Europe
Economic Commission for Latin America
Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific
FAO
GATT
IBRD
ICAO
IDA
IFC
ILO
IMCO
IMF(FUND)
ITU
UNESCO
UPU
UNCTAD
WHO
WMO
Food and Agriculture Organization
General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade
International Bank for Reconstruction and Development
(World Bank)
International Civil Aviation Organization
International Development Association (IBRD Affiliate)
International Finance Corporation (IBRD Aifiliate)
International Labor Organization
Inter-Governmental Maritime Consultative Organization
International Monetary Fund
International Telecommunication Union
United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural
Organization
Universal Postal Union
U.N. Conference on Trade and Development
World Health Organization
World Meteorological Organization
Autonomous Organization Under the U.N.:
IAEA
Committees:
Seabeds Committee
United Nations Committee on the Peaceful Uses of the
Seabed and Ocean Floor beyond the Limits of National
Jurisdiction
Approved For Release 2002/07/03 : CIA-RDP86T00608R000600100003-3
 Approved For Release 2002/07/03 : CIA-RDP86T00608R000600100003-3
Political, sociological, and economic data, including monetary
conversion rates, generally reflect Information through mid -May 1975,
except for population estimates, which have been projected to 1 July
1975. Military manpower est!mates are as of 1 January 1975 except
for average number of males reaching military age, which are pro-
jected averages for the 5-year peg iod 1975-79. Military and com-
munications data are as of 30 April 1975 unless otherwise indicated.
Most of the land utilization estimates are rough approximations,
and most of the statistical data are rounded (thousands and millions).
Figures for "arable" may reflect only the area actually under crops
rather than the potential cultivable. Fishing limits are included only
when they differ from the territorial limits.
For some countries GDP, rather than GNP, is shown. The
difference between the two Is in the addition or subtraction of the
value of return on foreign investment. GDP equals GNP plus income
earned in the country but sent abroad, minus Income earned abroad
but sent into the country. GDP thus tends to exceed GNP in debtor
countries, and the reverse Is true in creditor countries.
Major ports +re the largest maritime ports of the country, relative
to other ports oll the same country, on the basis of estimated port
capacity, alongside berthing accommodations, and commercial or
naval Importance. Minor ports are the remaining ports of a country
which have, relative to the major ports, significantly lower estimated
port capacity, fewer alongside berthing accommodations, are of less
commercial or naval importance. Major transport aircraft are those
weighing over 20,000 pounds. Military budgets are in U.S. dollar
equivalents. The do!!ar sign refers to U.S. dollars unless otherwise
stated. The abbreviation FY stands for U.S. fiscal year; all years are
calendar years unless otherwise indicated.
Approved For Release 2002/07/03 : CIA-RDP86T00608R000600100003-3
 Approved For Release 2002/07/03 : CIA-RDP86T00608R000600100003-3
July 1975
LAND
250,0(8) sq. tnl.; 22!7 arable (l21,7- cultivated, 10"(,
pasture), 755,' (-std, waste or urban, 3'!b forest('(I
(I970)
Land boundaries: 3,425 mi.
PEOPLE
Population: 19,I17,000, average annual growth
rate 2.3c'(7/72.7/73)
Nationality: noun-Afghan(s); adjective-Afghan
Ethnic divisions: 50"7, Ptislituus, 25'.'b Tajiks, 91b
Uzbeks, 91,'F Ilazuras, minor ('thole groups include
Chahar, Turkmen, Kizelhashes, and others
Religion: 876 Sunni Muslim, 12".o Shia Muslim,
ISb other
Language: 5V,, Pushtu, 35`i Afghan Persian
(Dori), I I`,7 Turkic languages (primarily Uzbek and
Torkinen), 101i 30 minor languages (primarily
Baluchi and I'ushai); much bilingualism
Literacy: under 105
Labor force: about 4.3 million (official est.); 75?;-
805; agriculture and animal husbandry, 205;-25?
cornnterce, shall industry, services; massive shortage
of skilled labor
Organized labor: none
GOVERNMENT
Legal name: Republic of Afghanistan
Type: republic
Capital: Kabul
Political subdivisions: 28 provinces with centrally
appointed governors
Legal system: based on Islamic law; constitution
nullified July 1973; independent judiciary also
abolished and powers transferred to the Council of
Justice, chaired by Minister of Justice; legal education
at University of Kabul; has not accepted compulsory
ICJ jurisdiction
Itranchcv: parllarntvtt abolished July 1973; all
powers of the trurliwnvot and the monarchy
Inu:sferred to the President
Government leaders: President Mohammad
I)uoud who also serves its I'rlnte Minlster, Forelyn
Minister, turd Dt(ense Mlr:ister; Mohammad Nuin:,
I)uoud's brother mid personal ndvlser; young, rattly,
unidentllled, military olfic('rs serving on the r::lb:g
Central Conunlttee
Suffrage: universol front age 20
:lectionsr promised but no dale set
Political parties and leaders: no political earths
prrn:itlr(I
Conununists: Ilu re are two pro-Moscow Com-
mmmtlsl groups. with roughly 350.518) active members;
several other );roues, further to 1(-ft, with several
hundred members and sympathizers
Other political or pressure groups: with must
mullahs, military officers, and leftists support lug the
new government, no known organized opposition
Member of: AI)i't, Colombo Plan, FAO, FEINT),
IAI?A, 1131(1), ICAO, IDA, IF(:, 11.0, IMCO, INIF,
I'I'U, Seabeds Committee, U.N., UNESCO, UI'U,
WHO, WMO
ECONOMY
GNP: $90 million (F)'73, at constant I9(35/66
prices), well below $I(8) per capita; real growth rate
about 7Sb in FY74
Agriculture: agriculture and animal husbandry
account for over 501,~ of (:NI' and occupy nearly 80r
of the labor force; main crops - wheat and other
grains, cotton, fruits, nuts; largely self-sufficient; food
shortages - wheat, sugar, tea
Major industries: cottage industries, food
processing. textiles, cement, coal mining
Electric power: 275,000 kw. capacity (1974); 520
million kw.-hr. produced (1974), 27 kw.-hr. per capita
Exports: 160 million (f.o.b., FY74); fresh and dried
fruits, hides and skins, natural gas, cotton, carpets and
rugs, wool
Imports: $123 million (c.i.f., FY74); transportation
equipment, non-metallic minerals, tea, s;tgar,
petroleum
Major trade partners: exports - U,S.S.II., Italia,
U.K., West Germany, Pakistan; imports - Japan,
U.S.S.R.. India, West Germany, U.K., U.S.
Aid: economic - U.S.S.R. (1954-74) $837 million
extended, $620 million drawn; Eastern Europe (1954-
74) $39 million extended, $11 million drawn; China
(1965.74) $74 million extended, $27 million drawn;
U.S. (FY49-73) $484 million committed; international
organizations (1946-73) $99 million; military -
U.S.S.R. (1956-74) $492 million ('xtended, $430
million drawn; Eastern Europe (1955-74) $22 million
extended, $20 million drawn; U.S. (FY53-73) $5
million committed
Approved For Release 2002/07/03 : CIA-RDP86T00608R000600100003-3
 Approved For Release 2002/07/03 : CIA-RDP86T00608R000600100003-3
IIII(IJI I1 rulrenl t?xpt?lt(Iltutr% $l(Y2 11allllult, capital
ex prndlttoles $1 1(1 i;i IIion Ito F1' 7:1
MuneInrv conversion rnlt?I 11)(lunI%-1 IS$
i u l l ) r i m l ) ; ?i4 A iii, '-IIS$I (I)rtrunltt?I 11174)
Fiscal vearl 21 Much 21) \1au'1
c.OMnI1!NI(;A'I'IONS
It it I;ruit dsl 1) 1 fill. (%lni;Iv Iraek)
),ovetimici t-owird ?pltr (II Suvl0 lilt,-
Ilighwuy+: 12,1)7(1 fill.; 4211 fill. conurelt?, I,I (1111)1
1itimilonfis surfu"d, 2,430 fill ),ra%rl, 5,?12O tai
It1111r(vrtl rurtl, aid 3,5911 fill unimptovrd e:utII
Inlmml wiIler%s I 's: tots( tnlyli,abilly 71,1) fill
V II'111111'r. Ila? Ant11 I);Iryu
I'nrlsl only mini,- river polls
Alrli 'I(Isi 12 total, :Ill mabit ; 1) %%ilh jirmmnenl?
sfitlure tun%'. I%S; (( %vitl tllnwmy+ 4,IXX1-I I,1)9!) W. 1(1
\%lilt iiiii IS'. 4,(11X)-7,9911 I1.
I'eleennutnutieutlunsl limited telt?plunt?, lelr-
);ruph, mid radlohrnadt;asl services, hur'l' satfllcletl
to fit(,(-[ civ+I nntl military rt?lluiremtfit%, 24,:124
Idvlthunr+; Ill ,1)111) mdiu recei rrs; ltn ?I.1' rec'(yers; 2
A\1, no 1-\1, Ito'I'\' sI1111ns
DEIFENSE FORCES
\lilitnry manpower: itubs 1519, aboul ?1.9
million; 2.1, lttillion fit for ntilitarv servict?, 1111t11
1771(X)() reach military agt? (22) ufinually
Supply depend'fil ott furri);n sonrce%.
rxUIo'iyefv Ile t .5.5.11
\lilitary budget: estintalvd e%penditurrs (or fiscal
year ending :31 Mardi 1975, allullt $31 million (Iasrcl
on olftcial rate of ?I5 Algi iii'.-I'S$I ); appmsimalely
20' (il total budget
ALBANIA
LAN I)
11,1(X) sit. mi.; 19!1 arable, 24'~ other agricultural,
.0'1 forested, I?i", Idler
I,tuul hntuttlnrit'+: 'I I.i 1111
\VA?1'I';II
I.im{Is of Iertitorivl waters (eltimed)I I '! If fill
(:un+tilnel '.:(i1) 1111. (lilijlnlifi); Sunni I'lantl)
)I'I,1',
I'upulnllonl 2,4 I IINN). us rill)!., nn11ttul ;,III%% Ill lob,
(currtvll)
NulionulIt yt noun -.\Iltunitlnl'.). utl)rrlivr
I'.ilmle (11%1511111+! 96'i Albanian, IrInulnlnl! ?I'i MV
(:Treks, 1'larl?, (:ylnies, moll 11111g ;I111111%
Iteilglont 70'; M11'lllu, 21)'1 AIh;ulltua I)llhntius,
I11'i Ilunuto (:tunic (uh;rrv:u1rr+ (uuillhilrtl,
AiIIufiiu clabns In Ill- Ile wuritl'+ 1t'1 uthels) scull')
Lmn(;wlyel r\Ihmnlun. (;trek
I.ileruc'vI 111111 711'; , fill 4.11114,111 %I4IIi%Iic%
is ill,111r, 111It ptollally (;remlly llnl,ruvrtl
I.ulnr lure(': !II I,IXN) (I!IM)), fit) 5,i :Il;tlenltutt?,
17 !)'i intlu+lrv, 21.11'1 ullirr nunni;ricltllnrll
(.1)vl:TIN u1iN?1'
Leaul $111111?; I'eulrl'+ Iirpuillt of ;\Ilmlla
Type: (;onun11lti.1 stair
Capital: Tirane
I'ui{lieitl +nhdtvi+nn+: '.17 trllel (dislricl+),
Includlnl; capital. 2(X) iuc;dtlirs. 2.t 4X1 cillu);es
L,egul +y+lint: lased 111 Suviel law, tmmlflotion
:nloptrd 19:111; jutlclal review of IvVi.i utitt? acts unl+
in Ile Presidium of the I'eultlt?'s Assel11h11, c+itich i+
tint it Irut cunrl; Il?g:II rvltiv atioi it Slide ill
'I?ir;anc; Iii. 11111 arceptrd tun111111 my 1( :j jurisdiction
IlnlnclIes: I'euplr'. r\s'rmli%, (:unncil Ill \lini.trr?,
jndici it%
(:overnmtut Icadtr+: (:h:airman of (:uunc{) of
Ministers, \lrhtn.t S110111; I'll.%idillill (If Ow
Prullie's A??t?mlly, Ilashi I.Ic+li
Suffrage: n11iyers.i and eufiapII I soirs tuvrr at;e 14
I.Iecliun+: nit tiuIf aI (I,- t I o I Is IIif ureIic:alh I11?I(I
every 4 y(?,rs; Iast nirt?tit it is (i Ot'toler 1 ! 1 7 . 1 ; 99 9' of
(.1vvtotatc yoIt.(I
Political parties and leaders; All,anian \Yurkrrs
Partyoniv; Finl ticcrrlan, 1-:r1ver Ilosl,a
Cltnununi+l+: 87 OK) party m(?ntllrrs 119711
Member of: (:I';\IA, FA), IAI':A, I1.0, I'l'l',
Scalith (:(mmillIve. It N., I'Nl?:S(:O. ('Pt', \\'11O,
\\'M0; has not participated in (:I':\1;\ sinet? rill %%ith
U.S.S.R. itt 1961; officiall% witildriw from \\';arsa\%
I'act 13 September 19114
ECONOMY
(:NP: $1.2 billion in 1972 (at 1972 prices), $121) per
capita
Agriculture: loud deficit art:a; main crops - cvan,
wheat, tobacco, sugar let?ts, cut tun; food shortage. -
wheal; caloric intake, 2,1(X) calotins per day per capita
0961/62)
Approved For Release 2002/07/03 : CIA-RDP86T00608R000600100003-3
 Approved For Release 2002/07/03 : CIA-RDP86T00608R000600100003-3
N1njor inducirlrsl rry,ttrnlllltnl O poll r%flilft, 11,1011r%
ntul I lI,Ilhin}, Iumllrr, m,.l r%trnrll%r 11111110111,%
Slmrlayrcl char( pmts, n1;uhiorly rill
r'(Inipnuvlt,
%%Ural
I:cilorts1 .$ II 1111 11 1I!17t1 r%l I!ItiI Itsit lt' '1s
nlinrod%, nlr?I'll%, lllrl%. 17'7 ny,tirnIlutlll urtlIrI111
(r?trlpl t11(pk), 2;1'; (11od;tuffs (lilt l114Illir. rlyatrltIr%);
.1'; IIIIr.IIIII('r VIIf xI%
IIli xlrI%I 41.)!1 oil tllIt Ili ( 111711 r%1 ), 1!61 It tit lr
511'; Iun11111rr%, r(iulpnlrnl, 411111 'parr parts, Iii';
Ininrr111c, nu?I;Ik, lurk, I'onclturllun In:Itr?till%. 7'7
Irtlillnv', ollml rhrnllral%, rubber, ?1r; agttl'ultuul)
1111114.11,41% (rNcc;t loudslull%); Ill'; food%tnfl%, 7';
rolmlillrr );1111(1%
1111tH' a1y con%err.ion rule: 51(,k%-('S$I (t'IItnIIlrl-
14 11), 12 5 Irk% - II S$1 (IIn11rtIIIIIIlrll'Inl)
Fkcal year: %:unr n% I',ll?nllnr year; rconunll( 1111141
rrilnrtrll For rah',IILcr yrar% merit For valolir Intake,
%%hirh 1% repoftcd for run%urnptinn year I July - :10
J 1111(?
COMMUNICA'T'IONS
linilrnall%: 172 fill. standard Vag., %Inglr track;
gucrrntnrnl 11%%11(11 ( 111,M)
Ilighw?nys: 3,11X) fill.; MOO rill. paved I(XN) till.
crashed %tone and/or gravel, I,3(X) till, hnptncrd or
unimpo s.'il raith (197.1)
Inland w'aterway': 27 till. plus Atlantan %rcNonsof
Lake Scutari, Lake Ollricl, and Lakt? I'rrcpa'1975)
Freight carrie(l: rail - 3.1 million short Inns, 123.3
million short lou;'nli. 0971), highways - ?13.(1
million short Inns, (116.?1 million short ton /mi. (1971 )
Ports: 2 major (I)I I rrc%. \'lore). 2 minor (1)175)
Pipelines: crude oil, 110 ml.
Civil air: no major transport aircraft (197.1)
Airfields: II total; 5 with permanent-surface
rumwlvs; li with rnnwavs M,(XX)?l1,999 (t., 3 with
runways 40M-7,999 ft., I heliport
DEFGNSF, FORCES
Military budget (announced): lilt fiscal Sear
curling 31 December 1975, (i^;3 11111Ilon Irks; about 9";
of total hu(Igrt
LAND
950,(XX) Sq. till.; 3'e cultivated, I(i''F pasture and
meadow's. V; forested, NO'; (lescrt, w'a%ty, or urban
Land boundaries: 3,890 mi.
WATER
Limits of territorial waters (claimed): 12 if. tai.
Coastline: 735 mi.
I'l'.()I'I.l',
I'opulnlionl I6,7!tI.O(X). a%rrage :uunull gnlwlh
rule :12'. (7/7:1.7/7?!)
Nallonalily: anon-Algr (11111(%); adjvcIlr?.---
Algerln
I':Ihnic? di%'kinm: t)!)'; Arah-lir111rr%, Ir%% than I
l:uropram
Religion: 99"; Miiciirrl, 1"; Cllrlcllan nnll IIrbIv%%
Language: Arahir (olllulal ), French, Itt?rhrr dl:du'ct'
Literary: 25r, (5"; Arabic, t)r; ("-rnc'h, 11'4 thudO
labor force: 2 N million; ?W; agriculture, 5';
industry. 245 other (military, polive, civil service,
tramportalion ssnrkrrs. Ivacherc. nu'rrhants.
con%Iruc?tion s%urkrrs); 4(15 of urh:ul labor a:u?m-
ployetl
Organized labor: 17"; of labor force claimed,
Crnrr:d ('nine of Algerian Workers (t'(:?I'A) Is the
only labor organisation and Is subordinate to the
National Liberation Front
COVERNMI:NT
Legal name: Democratic and Popular Republic of
Algeria
't'ype: republic
Capital: Algiers
Political subdivisions: 31 Wilay:us (departments or
pr(IS'irl(Y?%)
Legal system: hated on French and klamic law,
with socialist principles; comtitution adopted by
rrferr?ndutn 19113 but suspended since June I9(i5.
judicial review of legislative acts in tiff hoc
Constitutional (tames! coin{uused of various public
officials. including several Supreme Court justices;
Supreme Court divided into 4 chambers; legal
education at Universities of Algiers. Oran and
Constantine; has not accepted c?Imtpukory I(:j
jurisdiction
Approved For Release 2002/07/03 : CIA-RDP86T00608R000600100003-3
 Approved For Release 2002/07/03 : CIA-RDP86T00608R000600100003-3
ltraorltrsi rsrcutlve doulinanl, unlcantrntl
Ir?glslalutr has nut tart since loot, 1065 coup il'rtal
huff wits ttrvrr hntlltllls' susltrmhrrl, jltthcittts'
Government lender: Iiouarl ilnunudirur, I'trsl?
drill of (:noncil of the Ilr'volullott untl I'trIldrill of 1111,
(:nand) of N11-Ilslcrs, owvthtrsv elected I'trslilrul
Ahntrd lira lirlht It) )one ItHuS
Suffragrt unlvrrsal over age 10
1':Irellont (latest): prrsidrrltlal 15 Srptrntlrer 11111:4;
tlt?patlturtltul assrnthlirs 2 Jour 11)74; local trssrrlllrlir?s
3(1 :starch 1075
Political parties and traders: Natlnnttl I.il'ratlun
I'tonl (F1,N)
Voting strength (1963 elrctlon): I(X)'1 I?N
Conununisls: 4(X) (est.); (:onununisl I'urly Illegal
(Fanned I062)
Member oft Arab I,ragnr, FAO, IAI;A, 111111),
ICAO, II)A. 11,0, IM(:O, IMF, I'I'U, OAII,
St'ttheds (:ottttllltlre, U.N., UNESCO, I.II'tl, %YIUO
I':CONOMY
GNI't $7 hllhoo (rst. 11)73), $431) per capita;
average annual Incr'ase since I9(18 (currnt prices),
Iir
Agriculture: main crops - wheat, burley, grapes,
citrus fruits
Major industries: petrdrunt, light Industries,
natural gas, ntlnitlg, prtrnchrntical and steel punts
under construct lot,
Electric power: I,770.(XX) kss'. capacity (1974); 2.8
billion kw,-lu. produced (14174), 169 kw.-hr. per
capita
Exports: $1,802 million (f.o.b.. 1973); crude
petroleum 75%. other Items - citrus fruit. Iron
ore, vrgrtahlrc, to France 24 ?' , Wrst Germany 249 ,
Benelux 99%, Italy 8%6, U.S,SAI. 796
Imports: $2,338 million (c.LL, 1973); major Items
-capital goods 37%r, finished goods 27%, foodstuffs
13%; from France 38%, West Germany 9r, Italy 9%6,
U.S. 8'.'6
Monetary conversion rate: ?1.18 dinars -US$1
Fiscal years calendar year
COMMUNICATIONS
Railroads: 2,414 mi.; 1,660 mi. standard gage, 663
tit I. gage. 91 -ni, meter gage; 188 mi,
rlectr:fir(1; 120 mi. double track
Highways: 48,614 mi., of which 27,943 mi. are
paved and the remainder earth
Ports: 9 major, 8 minor
Pipelines: crude oil, 2,250 mi.; refined products,
180 mi.; natural gas, 1,785, rni.
Civil air: 24 major transport aircraft
Airfields: 250 total, 191 usable; 57 with
permanent-surface runways; 21 with runways 8,000-
11,1)1)11 ft., ION with nunvuys 4,(8X).7,tI119 fl,; 3
seaplnur? shallots
'hrlrl'lltttttltlnietltllltls: urlrtiuulr duuteslic and
hrlrtnallunul (uclllllrs In Ihr nurlll, priouttily r,uho
cnmtnunicallons In the desert; 220,8(X) trlrpltones;
1,150,(1(X) radio trcrivets; 250,(8X) TV receivers; 10
AM and 13 TV stations; 3 uuhtnurhne cuhles
DEFENSE FORCE'S
Military tnunpower: males 15.41), 3,974,(XX);
2,:447(1(1(1 fit for military service; uvrrage number
reaching mllitury age (141) unuually 163,(1(X)
Military budget: for lisc?al year ending 31
1)ecrntber 1975, $257,603,2(X); 4,7"6 of national
hudyet
ANDORRA
AtIon(ic
Ocan
LAND
180 sq. rtti.
Land boundaries: 65 tai.
Midihn,num
Sea
PEOPLE
Population: 19,000 (official estimate for I July
1969)
Nationality: noun-Andorran(s); adjective-
Andorran
Ethnic divisions: Catalan stock; 30 *r Andorrans,
6196 Spanish, 6% French, 346 other
Religion: virtually all Roman Catholic
Language: Catalan, many also speak some French
and Castilian
Labor force: unorganized; largely shepherds and
farmers
GOVERNMENT
Legal name: The Valleys of Andorra
Approved For Release 2002/07/03 : CIA-RDP86T00608R000600100003-3
 Approved For Release 2002/07/03 : CIA-RDP86T00608R000600100003-3
July 1975
'I'ypet unique coprlnclpallly under formal
sovereignly of I'msldcnl of France and Spanish Iilshop
of Soo d IIrycl, who arc mpre-.enled locally It),
ifI1(1nls called ve),uers
Capital: Andnrnt
Political snbdivisionst (I districts -- Andorra Ia
VcIIa, Sant Jolla (It- Lotto, I?ncaml1, (:an111o, 1.0
slossana, and ( )rtllno
Legal systems based on French anti SpanIsli civil
codes; flan of Itcforin adopted 186(4 serves a%
conslllulion; no Ju(Ilcl(tl review of It,glslalive ocls; has
not accepted cornpnlsory I(;J juris(Ilctlon
Rrnnches: legislature (Goneml (:ouncll) of 24
members with one-half elected cc cry 2 years for 4-year
terin; executive -- syndic and it dcpnly soh-syndic
chosen by General Council for "-year terms; !o'llciiry
chosen by coprinces who appoint 2 civil Ju(Iges, a
Judge of appeals, and 2 Bolles (court prosecutors)
Suffrage: nadcs of 21 or over who are third
generation An(lorrans vale for General Council
members; stint, right granted to women In April 1970
Elections: half of (;ent,ral Comtcll chosen every 2
years, last election Dcc(vnber 1973
Political parties and leaders: no political parties
but only partisans for particular Independent
c:aali(lales for the General Council, on the basis of
competence, personality and orientation toward Spain
or 1'rutce; various small pressure groups developed in
1972
Communists: negl;gt!le
ECONOMY
Agriculture: sheep raising; small quantities of
tobacco, rye, wheat, hurley, oats, and solve vegetables
(only 251% of land can be used for agriculture)
Major industries: tourism ($1 million annually),
one cigarette factory (annual output $I million),
handicrafts, smuggling (tobacco to France; tmuufac-
tured items, including automobiles and cameras, to
Spain)
Shortages: food
Electric power: 25.000 kw. capacity (1973); 100
million kw.-hr. produced (1973), 380 kw.-hr. per
capita; power is mainly exported to Spain and France
Major trade partners: Spain, France
COMMUNICATIONS
Railroads: none
Highways: about 60 rill.
Civil air: no major transport aircraft
Airfields: none
Telecommunications: international circuits to
Spain and Frnce; 2 AM, I FM. I TV station; about
2,800 telephones; 8,000 radio receivers, 3,000 TV
receivers
DEFENSE FORIC :VS
Andorra has no defense (nrccs; Spain and France
arc responsible for protection as needed
ANGOLA
LAN I)
481,0(8) sq. ml.; It, cultivated, 4.1 % forested, 221%
meadows and pastures, 33 i other (Including fallow)
Land boundaries: 3,150 till.
WATER
Limits of territorial waters (claimed): (i It. ml.
(fishing 12 it. nil.)
Coastline: I,(8)0 ml.
PEOPLE
Population: 6,099,000, average annual growth rate
1.67% (12/60-12/70)
Nationality: noun-Angolan(s); adjective--
Angolan
Ethnic divisions: 931% African, 5f% Europeans, 11;
mestizos
Religion: about 847% animist, 127% Homan
Catholic, 41% Prates;ant
Language: Portuguese (official), mail), native
dialects
Literacy: 101%-157%
Labor force: 2.6 million economically active
(1961); 531,000 wage workers (1967)
Organized labor: approx. 65,000 (1967)
GOVERNMENT
Legal name: State of Angola
Type: overseas state of Portugal
Capital: Luanda
Political subdivisions: 16 administrative districts
including the coastal exclave of Cabinda
Approved For Release 2002/07/03 : CIA-RDP86T00608R000600100003-3
 Approved For Release 2002/07/03 : CIA-RDP86T00608R000600100003-3
Legal systems Portuguese civil codes and
customary taw; legal education obtained In Portugal
Itranchest Angola Is being governed by a
transitional government under the direction of a
Portuguese 111gh (;ununissioner who Is charged with
preparing for the state's Independence In Novennler
1975
Government leader: Admiral Ttosa Coutinho
Suffrage: to be deternflned by transitional
govenuucnt
1',let'Ib nsi suspended
Political parties and leaders: principal fatter
opposition groups participating in preparation for
independence are Revolutionary Government of
Angola in Exile (GItAI') Tod by 11ollcn Roberto,
l'opulau ivlovcnx?at for the I.iberatiou of Angola
(MI'I.A) led by Agostinho Neto, and National Union
for the 'T'otal lelepondence of Angola (UNITA) led
by Jonas Saviubi
Communists: negligible
ECONOMY
GN1't $1.2 billion (1972 est.), about $210 per
capita; 0.14() real growth (1970.72)
Agriculture: cash crops - coffee, sisal, corn,
cotton, sugar, marnioc?, and tobacco; food crops -
cassava, corn, vegetables, plantains, bananas, and
other local foodstuffs; largely self-sufficient in food
Fishing: catch 599,0(X) nietric tons, $18.3 million
(1972); exports $18.7 million; imports $5.5 million
(1971)
Major industries: mining (oil, Iron, diamonds), fish
processing, brewing, tobacco, sugar processing,
cement, food processing plants, building construction
Electric power: 465,0(X) kw, capacity (197.1); 98.1
million kw.-hr, produced (197.1), 163 kw.-hr, per
capita
Exports: $775 million (f.o.b., 1973); coffee, oil,
diamonds, sisal, fish and fish products, iron ore, oil,
timber, and corn
Imports: $535 million (c.i.f., 1973); capital
equipment (machinery aral electrical equipment),
wines, bulk Iron and ironwork, steel and metals,
vehicles art(] spare pa-ts, textiles and clothing,
medicines
Major trade partners: main partner Portugal,
followed by West Germany, U.S., U. K., Japan
Aid: Portug:'a y donor
Budget: (. / balanced at about $740 million,
prelim. est.
Monetary conversion rate: 24.50 escudos- US$l as
of January 1975 (floating since I'ebruary 1973)
Fiscal year: calendar year
COMMUNICATIONS
Railroads: 1,918 mi.; 1,724 mi. 3'G" gage, 194 mi.
I I%" gage
Ilighwnysa ?15,000 nni,; 4,970 mi, bllauninous-
surface Ireatuurnt, 28,00(1 mi, crushed stone, gravel, or
ingaroved earl in, renwiuder uuinnprovwl earth
Irnlnnl waterways: 2,(8X) mi. navigable
I'orlst 3 major (Luanda, I,obilo, Mucnnudes), IS
minor
Pipelines: crude oil, I 1 I mi.
Civil air: 15 major transport aircraft
Airfields: 520 total, 466 usable; 25 with
permanent-surface runways; 1 with runway over
12,000 It., 6 with runways 8,(8)0-11,999 It,, 74 with
runways ?1,(NN)-7,099 ft.; I seaplane stalion
Telecommunications: simple network of low-
capacity open-wire and radio-relay facilities; 37,5(8)
telephones; 115,0(X) radio receivers; 21 AM, 7 FM,
and no TV stations
DF.FI;NSI; FORCE'S
Military manpower: males 15-49, 1,502,((X), fit for
military acrvice, 749,0(X); average number reaching
military age (20) annually about 61,0(X)
Defense is responsibility of Portugal
Supply: dependent on Portugal
DOMINICAN Atlantic
'? REP1IO(IC Ocean
PUERTO RICO
VENEZUELA
LAND
108 sq. mi.; 54%0 arable, 54% pasture, I- H% forested,
9^% unused but potentially productive, 18 o wasteland
and built on
WATER
Limits of territorial waters (claimed): 3 n. nni.
Coastline: 95 mi.
PEOPLE
Population: 80,000, average annual growth rate
2.640 (4/60-4/70)
Approved For Release 2002/07/03 : CIA-RDP86T00608R000600100003-3
 Approved For Release 2002/07/03 : CIA-RDP86T00608R000600100003-3
July 1975
Natlonalityt noon-Anllgoan(s); adjective-
Anllgoln
1"thnie (II ISIOusr almost entirely Afrlctut Negro
I(eligiont (;lurch Of I?nghoal (pm(lonrluu', ), oilier
I'rolest11nl sects 111( Borne (tomtit (;athoiic
I.111guager I';ngllsh
Literacy) al loot 8051
Organized labor: 18,000
COVP;IiNMI;N'I'
Legal nurse: State of Antigua
't'ype: depan(Irnt territory with full internal
uutononry as it British "Associated State?
Capital: St. John's
Political subdivisions: (3 parishes, 2 dependencies
(Barbuda, Ite(lond))
Legal system: base(( On I?nglisu law; British
(ariblca11 Court of Appeal has csclusiv( Original
jurisdiction and an appellate jurls(Iiclion, consists of
(;lief Ju: tk' and 5 justices
Branches: legislative, 21-inemler popularly elvete(I
Ilnus) of I('pruSenlativcs; cscculive, Prime Minister
and (;aI)iael
Government leaders: Premier George Ilerbert
Walter; (;OVemor Sir Wilfred I';l(a)z(r Jacobs
Suffrage: universal suffrage age 18 and over
Elections: every 5 years; lust general election II
February 1971
Political parties and leaders: Antigua Labor Party
(AI.P), Vere C. Illrcl; Prog0SSive Labor Movenit-nt
(Ill.NI), George Ilcrbert Walter; Antigua I'copde's
Party (AI'P), J. Bowan henry
Voting Strength: 1971 election - (louse of
Representative Seats - ALP-1, Pl.til 13
Communists: negligible
Other political or pressure groups: Afro-
Caribbean Movement (ACM), it small black
nationalist group led by "Timothy Ilector; Antigua
Freedom Fighters (AFF), a small black radical group,
leaders unknown
Member of: CAI(ICOM
ECONOMY
CDI': $30 million (1973 (-St.), $393 per capita
Agriculture: main crop, cotton
Major industries: oil refining, tourism
Shortages: electric power
Electric power: .113,0(X) kw. capacity (1973); 8(35
million kw.-hr. produced (1973), 145 kw.-hr, per
capita
Exports: $29 million (f.o.b., 1973); petroleum
products, cotton
Imports: $47 million (c.i.f., 1973); crude oil, food,
clothing
Ivl('jor trade partners: U. K. 3071, U.S, 2511
Cooononweulth (;aribbeun countries 1871
Aid: economic - O.S. (FY-16-71 1.5 million in
loans
Monetary conversion rate: 2.07 l',ust (;arihhcan
dollars-tlS$1 (May 0075), now floating with pound
Sterling
CO IMUNICA'I'IONS
Railroads: 19 nrl. narrow gage (2'(3"), employed
llmost exclusively for handling now
Ilighways: 235 Oil.; 150 1111. main, 85 Oil,
secondary
Ports: I major (St, john's), I minor
Civil air: 10 major transport aircraft
Airfiel(Is: 2 total, I usable; I with asphalt romvoy
9,000 ft.; I seol)laoe station
Tcleconununications: aulomwtic telephone sys-
tem; 3,100 telephones; tropospheric scatt''r links with
Tortola and St. Lucia; 22,000 radio receivers, 12,200
TV sets; 2 AM, I I'M, an(.I I TV stations; 2 coaxial
submarine cables
LANG
1,070,((X) Sq. mi.; 571 agricldtnral (II11 crops,
improved pastom and fallow, 4(P', natural grazing
I'll' (1). 2551 forested, 1851 mountain, urban, or waste
Land boundaries: 5,850 mi.
NVATER
Limits of territorial waters (claimed): 2IXl n. mi.
(continental shelf, including sovereignty over
superjacent waters)
Coastline: 3,10) mi.
Approved For Release 2002/07/03 : CIA-RDP86T00608R000600100003-3
 Approved For Release 2002/07/03 : CIA-RDP86T00608R000600100003-3
PEOPLE
1'opulnliout '215,O2M,0OO, nvrrn);c nnniutl
ralt 1.5', (7/72.7/71)
NnUonalltyt noun. -Argentlnt(s); udJcrtivi
Argentine
Ella(( divisionst oppruxhnalrly 85"; while, 15'i
nmstltu, Intllim, or oilier nun(vhltt groups
11eligiont t0'7 nominally Honuut (:alhollc (less
Ilion 20'i practicing), 2'7 I'ottrstant, 2''; Jewish, (i'';
other
I,nngilaget S1 iii sl
I,iterne'yt 45'; (1)0'; In Iturnns Aires)
I,uhor force: 9.5 nillllon; 141'7
igricullure,
25';
nianufuclurhig, 20'; sirvices, II';
Irampott and cotnntunic,illons, I))';
continuer,
other
(i'7
Orgnnitcd labor: 25t; of laimr force (-NI.) )
GOVERNNIEN'r
Legal name: Argentine Hvpubli'
Type: rvImblic; elected govcritrmnt took over 25
May 1)173 from rnllilarv ruginu? In control since coup
In June It)(i(i; it resigned on I3 Jtily and low iIuutlun
\y as livid on 21 Supleminr bringing Peron lack to
power; his stilt assnnavtl power on I filly 11)7.1 alter his
dralIt
Capital: Hut?no' Aims
Political suly(livisions: 22 prlvinccs, I district
(I'uclcral Capital). and I Irrrilory
Legal system: lased on Spanish :uul French civil
conies; constitution adopted IM53 partiallY supcrsldc(I
in I1)6(i by Iltc Stable of iltr Revolution syhich lakes
prrr?r(irncr over Ilia constitution when the two are lit
conflict, furlhcr c?Itongvs may Ile triad, by nest
govvrnnicut; judicial review of Itgislativu acts; legal
t(liealion at t'nivc?rsit% of Racine'. ;\irr?? and other
ptillic and private universities; Ita% not ac?ceple(I
compulsory W j j jurisdiction
Itnntchcs: I'r,sid,ncy; national judiciary; Irgi,:.
lature dismissed after June 19h(i (oup was reopened
wlrn mess- government was inaugurated oat 25 \lity
Government leader: I'residtnt. Maria Eslela
Martin,, de Teruo
Suffrage: universal and contpulsurv age IM and
over
Flt'ction%: general elections hc1d oil 11 March
11)7:3; congre%%ional and guheroatorial runoffs were
livid on 15 April; nest rlec?lion in ?1 years
Political parties: justicialislas, the official I'rrunist
party; Itadic:d Civic Union, rno(Ir?ratc leftist and
nationillist, Hicarrlo Italbin; Federal Popular:\lltonce,
Francisco \t:mritilie; \lovenu?nt of integration and
I)evelopinent (\MIi)), small left of center party,
former l'rtsident Frondizi; New Force. conservative
business party, organized by Alvaro Alsogaray for the
1973 elections, Intransigent Party, formerly the
Inlrutsigenl limliiols (tl(:Itl), snutll nollonalisl peaty,
I )sror r\Irndt'; Uit loll I'olrttl ir, nto-1'rrntl'.' or
I'tvunlsnt without Teruo, grnetully inner nuolrrnlc
!lout otthutlux I'urunisni, Itrnlul(u'liiii i del Faunae;
I'opnlar (:onacrvativc Party, not uonservalivr hill it
nu'inlcr of I'urons Civic Taunt, Fduardu I'az; Accifin
hrrnilha, Inrukuwoy iit(tinn r.t Popular (;unsrrvnllvu
foal). I1,t1 by r\IIwII Folirnngc; (:onilnuulst I'orIy of
r\rgenlhui (I,\), rlynlnrtl Ie);al status under Teruo
1111(1 tacitly siilllnals govenununl, Gu'runhoo Arnrdu
r\lvnrrt; smaller I,:trlit's Include Ile Ilrvuhitiun:try
(:hrislhtn Party and Ile I'opnlur (:hrlstlan party jlolIt
toe fictions of thin (:hrlytion Democratic forty), the
l'rogrissivu Ucnuucnuts, the Soclollsl I'11r1 :old Ill,
I)cntorrollc Snuiulist fatly; srvrral provincial parties
nut urgauitc(I on it national h usls
Voting strength: Jiisticiulisti Front. (i1 ';; Itndi(als
(former People's Itadital (:Ivlc? Union, PC III'), 2.1';
F,tltral Popular Alliance, 12'; ; olhrts, 3';
(.nnununisls: same 70,(11X) navn)urs In various
party orguninaliotis, including a small nucleus of
activists
Olhet political or pressure groups: Argentine
arnu'd furct?s, I'crunisl?(Inntlnatcd labor :novemcrtt,
Natiorull (steeling of the Argrntiurs (loos, grlnping of
(:onuuunist and Irltist politicians), (:,aural I?:cunotuic
Cunfetlurttlou (l'erunisl?l,ai:ing association of small
busiurs,men), Argentine Intt.+istrial Paton (manna
la?turer's :tssocialiun), Atgtntint Iluml Sucluty (large
hm(fossntr's assoc?iation), bosiauss org:ulitations,
students, and Ihr (:otholic (:hutch
Member (if: FAO, IAI)Ih, IA1{A, 1HR1), I(:AO,
II);\, IF(:, Illit, II.O, IN 1(:O, IN I F, I'I't', I.AF?I'A.
)AS, Seabeds (:otnit iitt.e, t'. N., t'NI:S(:O, t!1't
\\'I10,'s\'\1O, Non-Aligned Nations (:rotip
I"CONO\tp
GDI': $35.6 billion (at average Iht?or,lical parity
exchange rate. 197.1), $1,370 per capita; 78r;
.?onsuntption, 27''; investment (197.1); real grosslh
role 197.1, 6.0'';
Agriculture: main products - rentals, oilseeds.
livestock products; Argentina is it major world
exporter of temperate tone foodstuffs
Fishing: catch 23S,(XX) metric tuns (1972), $1.1 (i
trillion (14)72); export $25 million (1973). imports
$3.6 million (1970)
Major industries: food ptuccssing (especially
nu'atpacking), motor vehicles, continuer durables,
textiles, chtniicals, printing, and metallurgy
Crude steel: 2.3 million metric tom produced
(197.1), 90 kilograms per capita
Electric power: 83.190X) kw, capacity (1973);
26.6 billion kw.-hr. produced (1973), 1,089 kw.-hr. per
c?:apita
Approved For Release 2002/07/03 : CIA-RDP86T00608R000600100003-3
 Approved For Release 2002/07/03 : CIA-RDP86T00608R000600100003-3
I:xportst $355 billion (f.o.b., 1(174); recut, wheal,
tort, wool, hides, ollavvls
Importst $2.145 billion (t-,l,, 11)71); ua?hiuery,
fuel wad lohrlcaling ells, Iron and steel, Inttrnuvliate
Indus(r111) products
Major trade partners (11)72): exports - I':(; IH''c,
I,AF'I'A 2(3'';, 11,S, 10'7, Japan $I' Imparts - EC
:1'7, I,AI TA 20'7, (I S, 20''6, Japan 5!';
Aid: economic -- extensions from U.S, (FY4(3.73),
$571) million lo loans, $17,5 million lo grants; from
Internatlonul organizations (Fl'4(-711), $1.11 billion;
from other Westent countries (1060-(i(i), ,$315.5
tnllli0 o; from (:omnttnist countries (105.1-7'1) $?IUO
million 1$.10.0 million (lrnw?u); military - asslstnncr
from U.S. (I1'413.711), $17.1 million
Monetary conversion rate: commercial 10,0(1
pesos--115$1; financial-15.03 pesos-(IS$I, parallel
market 25 peson--11S$I ('\pril 1975)
Fiscal yens calendar year
COMMIINICA'l'IONS
Ilailroads: 25,0(5) mi.; 2,000 mi. slun(lar(I gage
111,750 mi, broad gage (5'(i" ), 8.750 oil.
outer gage 500 mi. 2'S'';"gage; abort 1,035
nil. (double and nutlllpIi track; 76 ntl. electrified
Highways: 176,30(1 nil., of which 22,11(5) tai.
paned, 42,20( tai. gravel, 111.200 ml. Improved earth
Inland waterways: (3,50(1 navigable ml.
Ports: 7 major, 21 minor
Pipelines: erode oil, 2.5.11) ml,; refined products,
1,37( mi.; natural gas, 5,670 ml.
Civil air: 4?I major transport aircraft, includes I
leased from a foreign country
Airfields: 2,45.1 tolc:l, 2,145 usable; 131 with
permanent-surface runways; 20 with runways 13,(55)-
11,1)99 It., 2136 with rtmways 40)0.7,91Y) ft.; S
seaplane stations
'Feleconununications; rxtenshe nualern system;
telephone nels.ork has 2,170,0(5) sets, radio relay
widely ascot, 2 c?ontntuoic'atioos satellite ground
stations; estinn:tetl 7.5 trillion radio receivers and 113
ntilli(in'IN s(?ls; 13(1 AM, 12 IN), acid (30 'IT stations
DEFENSE. FORCES
Military manpower: nudes 15.49. (3,312.0(5);
5,094,(55) fit for military service; average number
reaching, military age (20) :mnually about 21.105)
Military budget: proposed for fiscal year ending 31
December 1075, $644.9 million; about IOs6 of total
central government bodgrt
AUSTRALIA
LAN 1)
2,970,(55) sq. mi.; 6`,'; arable, 551. pasture, 2%
forested, 3.1"~ other
PAPUA
Nrw ruINrA
Cnrel Sta
r / Tsrm~n
1
~. , %C,nh,tn
AUSTRALIA
lndinn Ocnnn U
WA'1'1;11
Limits of territorial waters (chained): 3 it, ml.
(fishing, 12 n, nil; prawn and crayfish on continental
shelf )
Coastline: about 1(3,000 nti.
Population: 13,57.1,0(5), average annual growth
rate IN, (7/13(3.7/7.1)
Nationality: anon-Australian(s); a(Ije(tive-
Aostralian
Ethnic divisions: 1)) Caucasian, I''; Asian and
aborigine
Rcligion: 98% Christian. 2`'6 animist :reel others
Language: I?:nplish
Literacy: 95.5ri
Labor force: .1.76 million; l'I agriculture, 321F
industry, 37:7 services, 15' conuterce, 2'7 other
Organized labor: 4?t?t of labor force
GOVERNI\IEN'I'
Legal name: Commonwealth of Australia
Type: federal state recognizing Elizabeth II a!.
sovereign or head of stale
Capital Canberra
Political subdivisions: (3 states and 2 territories
(Amstrrli:ut Capital 'Territory (Canberra) and
Northern 'T'erritory)
Legal system: based on English common law:
constitution adopted 1900; Iligh Court has
jurisdiction over canes involving interpretation of the
cumstittition; accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction,
with reservations
Branches: Parliament (House of Represcntallyes
and Senate); Priem Minister and Cabinet responsible
to House independent judiciary
Government leaders: Governor Gt'rural Sir Paul
I Iasluck; Prime NIinkier E. Cough Whitlam
Suffrage: universal over age 21
Approved For Release 2002/07/03 : CIA-RDP86T00608R000600100003-3
 Approved For Release 2002/07/03 : CIA-RDP86T00608R000600100003-3
Elections: hell at 3-yi'nr Intervals, or sooner if
I'urlinn:ent Is dissolved by I'rlnr? Mlnisler; Ins:
election tit May 1974
PoliticaI parties and lenders: Covernnu?nI -
I,alanr forty (Cough Whlllant); opposition -
I,Iher it forty (11. M. Snoddcn) and (:ountry ('arty (J,
1). Anthony)
Voting strength (1974 Parliamentary elect Inn):
Liberal-Country Coalition, 61 seats lower Ilouse;
f.aliour I'arlj. (i(i scuts lower Ilouse
Communists: 3,90(1 nuvnhers (est.
Other political or pressure groups: Ih?mocratic
I,u)our Party (untl-Communist Labour Party split iter
group)
Member of: AI)Ii, ANZUS, Colonnbo Plan,
(:nnttnonwealth, I?S(:AI', FAO, IA FA, ICAO, IFA,
Ill II, ILO, IMF, I'I'll, Ol.(I), SPabcds Cotnntittce,
RA'I'D, (I,N., UNESCO, UI'll, WI10, WMO
ECONOMY
GNP: $78,9 billion (197.1), $5,900 per capita; 629;
private consumption, 12t'' government current
expcnd9ure, 26','; Investment (11'74); real average
annual growth (1969-7.1), 4f;
Agriculture: large areas devoted to livestock
grazing; (ills; of area used for crops Is planted to
wheal; tnuJor products - wool, livestock, wheat,
fruits, sugarcane self-sufficient to food; caloric intake,
3,300 calories per day per capita
Fishing: catch 118,000 metric tons, $102 million
(1972); exports $102.5 million (FY74), Imports $109.9
million (IY7'1)
Major industries: training, bauxite, industrial and
transportation cyuipme nt, food processing, chemicals
Crude steel: 7.7 million metric tons produced
580 kilograms per capita
Electric power: 19,830,00) kw. capacity (1974);
73.3 billion kw.-hr. produced (1974), 5,468 kw.-hr. per
capita
Exports: $11.1 billion (f.o.b., 1974); principal
products (FY71)-wool 17;, agricultural products
2656, metalliferous ores 1 I "(
Imports: $11.2 billion (f.o.b., 1974)
Major trade partners: (FY74) exports-32i Japan,
W, U.S., 75; U.K.; imparts-235; U.S.. 1496 U.K.,
l3!'i Japan
Aid: economic - Australian aid abroad $1.9 billion
(FY65-74); $371 million (FY74), 685; for Papua New
Cuinca
Monetary conversion rate: 0.74 Australian
dollar=US$1 (A$1=US$1.350), February 1975
Fiscal year: I July - 30 June
July 1975
COMMUNICATIONS
Railroa ils: 25,251 nil,; 5715 nil, 5'3" gage, 8,323
nil, 4'8 1f " gage, 11,21:3 nil. 3'0" gage; 497 rill,
electrified (June 1962); government owned (except for
few hundred miles of privately owned track)
Highways: 519,735 mi.; 117,997 mi. puvcd,
131,996 ml, gravel, crushed stone, or stabilized sell
surface, 21)7,742 nti. unimproved earth
Inland waterways: 5,20(1 nil,; mainly by sma11,
shallow-drnfl craft
Freight carried: tall - 87,3 million short tons
(based on 1st 10 months of FY72); coastal and inland
shipping - 32.6 rnilllon tons
Ports: 12 major, numerous minor
Pipelines: crude oil, 460 till.; refined products, 211
mi.; natural gas, ?1,317 ml.
Civil air: 11)2 major transport aircraft (Includes 12
operating in Paptin New Guinea)
Airfields: 1,748 total, 1,653 usable; 186 with
penrmnent-surface runways, 2 wIt'n runways over
12,000 ft.; 15 with runways 8,(8)0.11,9'{9 It., 6,17 with
runways ?1,000-7,999 ft.; 3 seaplane st:,Ions
Telecommunications: very good inten ationaI nod
domestic service; 4,659,182 telephones; 12.' million
radio receivers; 3.6 million TV receivers; 183 AM
stations in 127 cities, no FM, 104 TV stations and 47
repeaters; 3 earth satellite stations; submarine cables
to New Zealand, New Guinea, Singapore, Malaysia,
Ilong Kong, and Guam
DE.FENSIi FORCES
Military manpower: males 15-49, 3,227,(00;
2,842,0(8) fit for military service; 122,(XX) reach
military age (17) annually
Military budget: for fiscal year ending 30 June
1975, $2 billion; ddnout 109; of total central
government budget
AUSTRIA
LAND
32,400 sq. mi.; 20% cultivated, 269; meadows and
pastures, 15% waste or urban, 389; forested, 1%
inland water
Land boundaries: 1,605 mi.
PEOPLE
Population: 7,575,000, average annual growth rate
0.4% (7/73-7/74)
Nationality: noun-Austrian(s); adjective-
Austrian
Ethnic divisions: 98.1% German, 0.79'v Croatian,
0.3% Slovene, 0.?% other
Religion: 85% Roman Catholic, 7% Protestant, 8%
none or other
Approved For Release 2002/07/03 : CIA-RDP86T00608R000600100003-3
 Approved For Release 2002/07/03 : CIA-RDP86T00608R000600100003-3
July 1975
Language: German
Literacy: 9876
Labor force: 2,656,922 (1974); 1876 agriculture
and forestry, 4976 Industry and crafts, 1876 trade and
communications, 776 professions, (i"6 public service,
256 other; 2.456 registered unemployed; :ill estimated
200,000 Austrians are employed in other European
countries; foreign laborers in Austria number more.
than 2(H),00() (1972); unemployment 2.156 (1972)
Organized labor: about 2/3 of wage and salary
workers (1971)
GOVERNMENT
Legal name: Republic of Austria
Type: federal republic
Capital: Vienna
Political subdivisions: 9 states (Laen(Icr) including
the capital
Legal system: civil luny system with Roman law
origin; constitution adopted 1920, reprornulgated in
1945; judicial review of legislative acts by a
Constitutional Court; separate administrative and
civil/penal supreme courts; legal education at
Universities of Vienna, Graz, Innsbruck, Salzburg,
Linz; has not accepted compulsory ICJ
and
jurisdiction
Branches: bicameral Parliament, directly elected
President whose functions are largely representational,
independent federal judiciary
Government leaders: President Rudolf Kirch-
schlaeger, Chancellor Bruno Kreisky leads a one-party
Socialist governrnenr
Suffrage: universal over age 19; compulsory for
presidential elections
Elections: presidential, every 6 years (next 1980);
parliamentary, every 4 years (next October)
Political parties and leaders: Socialist Party of
Austria (SPOc), Bruno Krcisky, Chairman; Austrian
People's Party (OcVP), Karl Schleinzer, Chairman;
I,Ilrerul forty (FI'O(-), Frledrlclu Peter, Chairman;
Communist Party, Frauz Muhri, (;lucirnucn
Voting strength (1971 election): 50.2"6
43,(15; OiVP, 5.456 FI'Oi, 0,476 (Iissident Socialist,
I,19 (;unununist
Communists: nmrnbershlp 25,000 est.; activists
7,000-8,000; (11,756 votes In 1971 election
Other political or pressure groups: Federal
(;h:unher of Commerce and Industry; Austriun'I'rade
Union Fcderullon (primarily socialist); throe
composite leagues of the Austrian I'enples Party
(O(-VI') representing business, mbar, and farnu'rs; the
OeVI'-oriented League of Austrian ludustrlulisl.s;
1(oruan (;utholic (;hutch, including its clrief Iuy
orguniz:rtlon, (;alholic Action
Member of: Council of I?urope, E(;I, EFTA,
IAI?A, ICAO, 11?A, OE(;I), Seabeds (;orunrillee,
U.N., UNI?SCO, WIIO
ECONOMY
GNP: $30.5 billion (1974), $4,070 per capita;
55,176 consumption, 31.456 investment, 1'1.47;
governnaent, -0.45;, net foreign balance, -O.57(' net
errors :rod omissions (1972); 1974 growth rate
1.576 constant prices
Agriculture: livestock. cereals, pal:r toes, sugar
beets; 8476 self-sufficient; caloric intake3,230calories
per day per capita (1969-70)
Major industries: foods, iron and steel, machinery,
textiles, chemicals, electrical, paper and pulp
Crude steel: 4,7 million metric tons produced
(1974), (130 kilograms per capita (1974)
Electric power: 8,976,000 kw, capacity (1971);
31.9 billion kw.-hr. produced (197-1),-1,2M kw.-hr. per
capita
Exports: $7.1 billion (f.o.b., 1971); iron and steel
products, machinery and equipment, lumber, textiles
and clouting, paper products, chemicals
`mports: $9.0 billion (c.i.f., 1974); machinery and
equipment, chemicals, textiles, coal, petroleum,
foodstuffs
Major trade partners: (1974) West C:ermauy 3156,
Italy 8.256 Switzerland 1056, U.K. 5.256, U.S. 3.19;
EC 5456; EFTA 1456; Communist countries 13;
Aid: economic - authorized - U.S. $1,218 million
through FY73; 111111) $105 million through FY73,
none since FY62; military - U.S., $116 million
(FY52.73); net official economic aid delivered to less
developed areas and nnutilateral agencies - $205
million (FY62-72), $17 million in FY72
Budget: expenditures, $8,880 million; receipts,
$8,332 million; deficit, $548 pillion (1974)
Monetary conversion rate: 18.69 shillings=US$1,
average 1971 (floating rate)
Fiscal year: calendar year
Approved For Release 2002/07/03 : CIA-RDP86T00608R000600100003-3
 Approved For Release 2002/07/03 : CIA-RDP86T00608R000600100003-3
COMMUNICATIONS
Railroads: 4,073 nil.; 3,673 nil, govenuncnt
awned; 3,37:3 ml, standard gage of which 1,408 nil,
edec?trificd and 833 md. doable tracked; 300 mini,
narrow gage (2'6") of which 57 nil, cd(ctrlficd; 400 mi,
privately owned; 221) 1111. slan(l:r(I gage of which 101)
lilt. electrified; 171 nni. narrow gage (2'(3" and 3'S'r,{i')
of which 55 ini. electrified
Highways: 20,346 rni. total; (3,05(3 nnl, fcricral
(5,(35(3 ml, bituunimous, concrete, stone pluck, 400 [Ill.
crushed stone, gravel, improved earth); 1,500 nri.
provincial (4,34( mi. biluniuuus, cuncretc, stone
block, 9,950 mi. ('rushed dune, gravel, improved
earth); additionally about 38,0(1(1 mi. of communal
roads, mostly of );ravel, crushed stone, and improved
earth
Inland waterways: 267 rd,; carries 540 freight, 6
passengers
Ports: 2 major raver (Vienna. Linz)
Pipelines: crude oil, 5(H) rni,; natural gas, 1,440 rni.
Civil air: II major transport aircraft, including I
registered but leased from a foreign country
Airfields: 58 total, 53 usable; 12 with permmnent-
surfacc runways; 2 with runways 8,000-11,999 ft., 8
with runways ?1,000-7,999 ft.
Telecommunications: highly developed and
efficient; extensive TV and radiobroadcast systems
with 100 Alit, 86 FM, and 224 TV stations; 1.98
million telephones; 2.6 million radio receivers; 1.86
million television receivers; COMSAT station is
planner)
DEFENSE FORCES
Military manpower: nudes 15-49, 1,71.1,000;
1,378,000 fit for military service; average number
reaching military age (19) annually about 56,000
Military budget: for fiscal year ending 31
I)ec?ennbcr 1975, $412 million; about ;.45", of the
federal budget
LANI)
4,4(8) Sq. mini,; 150 cultivated, 2050 forested, 70`,'0
built on, wasteland, and other
WATER
Limits of territorial waters (chinned): 3 n. mi.
(fishing, 12 m. mi.)
Coastline: 2,2(8) mi. (New I'rovi.lcnce Is. ?17 mi.)
PEOPLE
Population: 205,000, average at nun) growth rate
3,050 (4/70-7/73)
THE
(~- 4 BAHAMAS
r..7
CU~j1t~ 1
`
IIAI
3
V UU IM NICAN
Caribbean See IIErUULIC
(Sad n6rarn map n)
Nationality: noun--Bahamian (sing., pI. ); adjec-
Ilvr?-Bahamian
Ethnic divisions: 8050 Negro, 10"6 while, IO'
mixed
Religion: Baptists 29"0, Church of 1?nglaod 2351,
Homan Catholic 2340, smaller groups of other
Protestant, Greek Orthodox, and Jews
Language: English
Labor force: 69,000 (1970); 2550 organized
GOVERNMENT
Legal name: The Commonwealth of The Baham:e,
Type: independent cununumve:rltii since July 1973.
recognizing Elizabeth 11 as chief of state
Capital: Nassau (New Providence Island)
Lcgnl system: based on English law
Iir+unchr,s: bicameral legislature (appointed Senate,
elected House); executive (l'rinu Minister and
cabinet); judiciary
Government leaders: I'rinnc Minister Lyndon O.
I'indling
Suffrage: universal over age 18
Elections: )louse of Assembly (9 September 1972)
Foliticul parties and leaders: Progressive Liberal
Party (P1.P), predominantly Negro, I.ynden O.
Pindlirrg; (Free National Muvenm?nl (I'NNI ) formed by
it merger of United Bahamian Party (U13I') and Free
Progressive Liberal Party (Free P1 I'). Kendall Isaacs
Voting strength (1972 election): FI,1' 29 seats.
FNM 9 seats
Communists: negligible
Member of: Seabeds Committee, U.N.
ECONOMY
GNP: $496 million, (at market prices, 1973), $2,49(
per capita
Agriculture: main crops-fruits, vegetables
Major industries: tourism, cement, oil refining.
lumber, stilt productson
Approved For Release 2002/07/03 : CIA-RDP86T00608R000600100003-3
 Approved For Release 2002/07/03 : CIA-RDP86T00608R000600100003-3
Electric power: 228,00( kw, capacity (1972); (33I
million kw,-hr. produced (1072), 3,150 kw,-hr, per
capita
Exports: $538 million (f.o.b., 1973); fuel oil,
phnrmuceuliculs, cement, runt
Imports: $778 million (c,i i,, 1973); crude oil,
fuodstofls, inanofaclure(I goods
Major trade partners: exports - U.S. 8(396, U.K.
29;~, Canada 2"6; imports-U.S. 2.56, Libya 2056,
Nigeria 1(3",6 (1973)
Aid: economic - authorizations from U.S. (F556-
73) - $24.8 million in loans, $0.3 :pillion lit grants
Monetary conversion rate: I Bala inian dollar
(13$I)=US$1
Fiscal year: calendar year
COMMUNICATIONS
Railroads: none'
Highways: 1,150 iii.
Ports: 2 major (Freeport, Nassau), 9 minor
Civil air: 9 major transport aircraft
Airfields: 51 total, 49 usable; 17 with pernianent-
surface runways; 3 with runways 8,000-11,999 It., 21
with runways 4,000-7,999 ft.; 4 sc:tpl:uie stations
Telecommunications: telecom facilities highly
developed, including 56,000 telephones in totally
automatic system; tropospheric scatter Iiuk with
Florida; 90,000 radio receivers and 30,000 TV sets, 3
AM and 2 FN/1 stations; 3 coaxial submarine cables
LAND
230 sq. nti. plus group of 32 smaller islands; 596
cultivated, negligible forested area, remainder desert,
waste, or urban
WATER
Limits of territorial waters (claimed): 3 it. nti.
Coastline: 100 nti.
PEOPLE
Population: 240,000, average annual growth rate
2.896 (2/65-4/71)
Nationality: noun-Iiuhrainl(s); adjective-
Bahraini
Ethnic divisions: 90'a, Arab, 7%6 Iranian, Pakistani,
and Indian, 3%' other
Religion: Muslim
Language: Arabic, 1?nglish also widely spoken
Literacy: about 4096 (1970)
Labor force: (30,301 (1971)
GOVERNMENT
Legal name: State of Bahrain
Type: traditional monarchy; indepeudenee
declared in 1971
Capital: Al Manumah
Legal system: based on Isl:unic law and English
common law; constitution went Into effect Deceniher
1973
Branches: Antir rules with help of at cabinet led by
the Prime Minister; since the Constitution of 1973, It
National Assembly has been formed from this cabinet
and 30 directly elected numbers
Government leader: Futir ' Isa ibn Sahnan AI-
Khalifah
Suffrage: granted to all native-born or naturalized
nudes 20 and over
Elet Lions: elections for National Assembly held in
December 1973
Political parties and pressure groups: political
parties prohibited; no significant pressure groups
although numerous small clandestine groups are
active
Communists: negligible
Member of: Arab League, Seabeds Committee,
U.N.
ECONOMY
GNP: $390 million (1973), $1,650 per capita,
dominated by oil industry; crude oil production in
1974 estimate([ at the rate of approx. 70,000 bbls. per
clay; refinery produced about 90 million bbls. in 1974;
government oil revenues for 1974 are estimated at
$165 million including refinery income and Saudi
Arabia's payment for the Abe Safan field production
Agriculture: produces dates, alfalfa, vegetables;
dairy and poultry farming; fishing; not self-sufficient
in food
Major industries: petroleum refining, boatbuild-
ing, shrimp fishing, and sailmaking on a small scale;
major development projects include aluminum
Approved For Release 2002/07/03 : CIA-RDP86T00608R000600100003-3
 Approved For Release 2002/07/03 : CIA-RDP86T00608R000600100003-3
smelter, flourntill, and ISA town; (API C drydock to
be built by 1977
Electric power: 108,000 kw, capacity (1974); 270
million kw.-hr, produced (1974), 1,139 kw,-hr, per
capita
F,xports: non-oil exports $80 million (1973)
Imports: non-till, $317 million (1973)
Major trade partners: U.K,, Japan, U.S., EC
Aid: rcccived $110 million in bilateral conuit-
ntents and committed itself $8.5 million to
nntltilateral agencies In CY74
Budget: (1974 revised) $227 million, 8595 of
revenues from oil
Monetary conversion rate: I Bahrain dinar=
US$2,52 (since January 1973)
Fiscal year: calendar year
COMMUNICATIONS
Highways: 120 mi. bituminous surfaced; undeter-
mined mileage of natural surface tracks
Ports: I major (Bahrain)
Pipelines: crude oil, 35 mi.; refined products, 10
mi.; natural gas, 20 in!.
Civil air: 10 major traosl:ort aircraft (all registered
in the U.K.)
Airfields: 2 total, 1 usable; I with permanent-
surface runway; 1 with runway over 12,000 ft; I
seaplane station
Telecommunications: excellent international
telecommunications; limited domestic services;
17,700 telephones; 80,000 radio receivers; 10,000 TV
sets; I AM radiobroadcast station; satellite earth
station; tropospheric scatter Bahrain to Qatar and
United Arab Emirates
DEFENSE FORCES
Military manpower: males 15-49, 62,000; fit for
military service 34,000
Supply: mostly from U.K.
Military budget: for fiscal year ending 31
December 1973; $4.56 million, 5.5% of total budget
LAND
55,000 sq. rni.; 66% arable (including cultivated
and fallow), 18% not available for cultivation, 16%
forested
Land boundaries: 1,575 mi.
WATER
Limits of territorial waters (claimed): 12 n. mi.
Coastline: 360 mi.
July 1975
PEOPLE
Population: 73,746,000, average annual growth rate
2.8% (current)
Nationality: noun-Bengalee(s); adjective-
Bangladesh
Ethnic divisions: predominantly llengali; fewer
than I million "Biharis" and fewer than 1 million
tribals
Religion: about 83?0 Muslim, 1640 Hindu; less
than 140 Buddhist and other
Language: Bengali
Literacy: about 2540
Labor force: over 26 million; extensive un-
derernployrnent; over 8040 of labor force is in
agriculture
GOVERNMENT
Legal name: Peoples Republic of Bangladesh
Type: independent republic since December 1971
Capital: Dacca
Political subdivisions: 19 districts, 413 thanas
(counties), 4,053 unions (village groupings)
Legal system: based on English common law;
constitution adopted December 1972; amended
January 1975 to more authoritarian Presidential
system
Branches: parliamentary government; constitution
provides for unicameral legislature, strong President;
controlled judiciary
Government leader: President Sheikh Mujibur
Rahman
Suffrage: universal over age 18
Elections: First Parliament (House of the Nation)
elected in March 1973; elections every 5 years but not
scheduled under new Constitutional amendments
until 1980
Political parties and leaders: Bangladesh Krishak
Srimak Awami League-only legal national political
Approved For Release 2002/07/03 : CIA-RDP86T00608R000600100003-3
 Approved For Release 2002/07/03 : CIA-RDP86T00608R000600100003-3
July 1975
party, all others banned, Shr?Ikh MuJihur Nalunan,
president; leaders of now Ininned parties wcre-
Nallonnl Awan,l Pauly/Bhaslami, Maulana 1lhashanl,
president; Nallonal Awan:i I'arty/Muraffar, Muxaf-
far Alunrcl, president; Nuliunal Socialist Party (Jnllyo
Sauijtanlrik Mil), Abdur 1111b?, general secretary, and
M.A. Jalil, president; Conuuunlst Party of Itaugla-
clesh, Monl Singh, leacher, and Aldus Snlain, general
secretary; Iiaugladesh Nallonal League, Al:u:r
oun Italunan Khan, leader; various Communist Party
splinter groups and other snwll radical leftist groups
some calling themselves Couununists
Voting strength: (1973 election) 73.19x, ,.warn)
League; 8,6% NAI'/M; JSI); 5.4% NA P/11;
6.4"6 independents and others
Cornnurnists: 2,500 members (est.)
Other political or pressure groups: student groups,
hands of former guerrillas
Member of: Afro-Asian People's Solidarity
Organization, Colombo Han, Comrnonweallla,
ESCA11, 1111(1), IDA, IMI', ILO, 111U, Seabeds
Committee, IINCI'AI), UNESCO, WHO
ECONOMY
CNI': $5.4 billion FY73 est, (current prices), less
than $100 per capita; real annual per capita growth
(73/70) -4.2%
Agriculture: large subsistence farming, heavily
dependent on monsoon rainfall; main crops are jute
and rice; shortages - rice, cotton, and oilseeds
Fishing: catch 247,(8X) metric tons (1972)
Major industries: jute manufactures, food
processing and cotton textiles
Electric power: 762,0(8) kw, capacity (1974); 1.5
billion kw.-hr. produced (1974), !9 kw.-hr. per capita
Exports: $360 million (f.o.b., 1973); raw and
manufactured jute, tea, paper and paperboard, hides
and skins
Imports: $801 million (f.o.b., 1973); chemicals,
machinery and other manufactured products,
foodgrains, fuels, oils and fats
Major trade partners: West Pakistan (until
December 1971), U.S., U.K., Japan, India (since
December 1971)
Aid: Bangladesh received roughly one-third of the
estimated $8 billion in total economic aid received by
Pakistan between 1950 and 1971; since independence
(17 December 1971-1974), economic aid: total $1.5
billion extended, $634 million drawn; US $447
million extended; U.S.S.R. $242 million extended;
Eastern Europe $159 million extended; China $11
million extended
Monetary conversion rate: 7.97 takas=US$1
(effective April 1973)
Fiscal year: 1 July - 30 June
COMMUNICATIONS
itailroads: 1,77(1 mi.; 1,21)2 mi. nu?ler gage, 574 mi.
broad gage, 87 rni, double tnu?k; governnu?nr owned
Ilighways: 28,350 mi.; 2,5(8) n:i. paved; 1.450 ini,
gravel, 24,400 mi. earth
Inland waterways: 4,1100 ml,; river slrnnuvs
navigate nuuin waterways
forts: I major; 5 minor
Pipelines: natural guts, 93 rni,
Airfields: 20 1ot:d, 10 usable; 19 with pernuuu?nt
surface runways; 3 with runways 800 11.999 ft., 1)
with runways 4,000-7,991) fl.
I'elecouununicalions: Inadequate Inlerwllonal
r dloconununicallons and landline service; fair
domestic wire and radioconununleation service; fair
broadcast service; 67,(8)0 ((-st,) telephones; 5(8),(8)0)
radio sets; 30,000 (est.) TV sets; 10 AM, I I'M. I TV,
and I ground satellite station
1)1 FI.NS FORCES
Military manpower: males 15-49, IP,1,7,00);
10,725,(8)0 fit for military service
Military budget: for fiscal year ending 30 June
1975, $88.7 million; about 7% of the central
government budget
DOMINICAN
REPUBLIC
Atlantic
f>- t Ocan
PUERTO'
RICO
Geribdeen Sea
e o
BARBADOS
LAND
16F sq. mi.; 60% cropped, 10% permanent
meadows, 30% built on, waste, other
WATER
Limits of territorial waters (claimed): 3 n. mi.
Coastline: 60 mi.
PEOPLE
Population: 239,000 (official estimate for 1 July
1973)
Approved For Release 2002/07/03 : CIA-RDP86T00608R000600100003-3
 Approved For Release 2002/07/03 : CIA-RDP86T00608R000600100003-3
Juts 1975
Nallortalilyi noun Ilar11adlioi(s); ailjcrllsc
llathwdiwa
l;lhnic (livisiutwt 80'; Alilcan, I7'; inlsril, ?1';
Ifuropwul
IIellgiun: Aogllirn, Ilummm Ciilhollc, NIrlliulhl,
will Moravian
I,angnngc: i tigilsh
i,iterneyi over I)1)';
Libor force: 117,11'111 (I117,I c%I ) wage mid sahiry
carnrrs
Organi/ed lahur::I2';
COV1:RNMP:N'1'
Legal naruc?: Ilarhado%
'1'yp(I Indrprndcnl sovereign slide wllhin the
Commonwealth since Novrtnln?r It)(i(i, re(oyni/lay,
I';liia11elh I) a% clllef of stile
Capilnll Bridgetown
Political subdivisions: 11 parishes
Legal system: Fng11s11 common law; conslltillloll
latnt' 11110 effect upon Indrpaoilence In l(86; no
judicial review of legislnlive acts; 1111% not
accepted
contpuhory I(:J Jurisdiction
Ilrancbes: legislature consisiing of a 21-member
appointed Senate and it 24-:nenthrr elrtlyd I louse of
Asw?tabiy; c?:ibincl Iicadcd by Prime fvlinhter
Government leader: Prime \tlnisi?? i{rul Walton
Ilium"; Governor Cem?ra! Sir Winston Scutt
Suffrage: universal over age IN
Elections: l louso of Assembly mcnil,'rs have terms
no longer than 5 years; last general elecUnn held 9
September 1971
Political parties and leaders: Democratic Labor
Party (1)1,P), Errol Ilarrow; 111.1iadus Labor Thirty
(111,1'), J. M. G. "'I'ota" Adams
Voting strength (1971 election): Democratic
Labor Party (111,1'), 57.5';,; Barbados Labor Party.
41Y,'; Indcpen(Itllt, negligible; f loose of Assembly
scats - l)Ii' 18, RLI' (i
Communists: negligible
Other political or pressure groups: I'euplc's
Progressive Movcttu'nt (P1'M), if small hiack-
nationalist group led by Galvin Alleyne
Member of: CARICONI, Conunonwralth, ICAO.
INIF, OAS, Seabeds Committee, U.N.
ECONOMY
CDP: $218 ::;!Iion (1973), $750 per capita; real
growth rate 1973, 2.096 (est.)
Agriculture: main products - sugar, subsistence
foods
Major industries: tourism, sugar milling, rnanufac-
turi rig
1;Icclric puwiii 411,21)(1 kw r,iplclly (P171), 111:,
million kw Ile Inrnlur,'iI (111'1.:), ,,!111 kw lit leer
capita
1:sporls: Slid to{Ilion I(,~ It ,
,ui;wriwnr 11 y.ptotlclrl,, t Ini11lug
Imports: $171 nlillinn (c I I
tturrlllnrry, nuunllaclurrd moods
Major trade patUu'rsI rsporl' 1! I. :!H'; , I I S
14'1 (:AIIIF'I'A .'.H';, ollmt :10' Imports - 11, K
25';, 11.5 2I';, (:anada II'';, (:AIfII'I'A 13';, other
30'; (11)7:))
Altll rcooontir --- 11.5. (I'V67.73), $1 4 Inllholl;
from Inlrntallonal ntyaol/alioos (1?1(1:1-7:I), $1.11
million
Monetary convtrsiuu rule: I 0H lliolmdus
dollar,--(IS$I (Februur,% 11)75), now flouting with
pound slerling
Fiscal year: I April - :II Nharcll
COMMUNICATIONS
Railroads: none
Ilighways: K50 tai,; S(N) mi. paved, :Ind 50 fill
gravel, and earth
Port%: I tnnjor (Ilriclgrtowr:), 2 ntlnur
Civil air: 2 major transport aircraft
Airfiel(s: I with pernuuu nl sotfwll runway S,(88)?
11,1199 ft.; I scaplitnr station
Telecbmntuniratians: lcl:uidwidr? aalmnallc
I(?leplom? %y%Iem with ?II,(NN) telephnties; tropo-
%pheric scatter link to Trinidad; VIIF links to St.
Vincent and St. Lucia; 100,((8 radio and 35,(88) TV
sets, 2 A.M. I FM, raid I TV stations; I telegraph
%oh, I lathe cable; conununications satellite earth
station
01:1:ENSF: FOWTS
Military manpower: nudes 15-49, 51,0(?); 37.((8)
fit for military service; average number reaching
military age, (18) annually, :3,(88; no conscription
LAND
11.8(8) %;I. fill.; 289 cultivated, 245; invadow will
pasture, 28?7 waste, urban, or other; 20`7 forested
Land boundaries: 856 iii.
WATER
Limit? of territorial waters (claimed): 3 n. mi.
(fishing, 12 if. mi.)
Coastline: 40 mi.
PEOPLE
Population: 9,792,000, average annual growth rate
0.296 (current)
Approved For Release 2002/07/03 : CIA-RDP86T00608R000600100003-3
 Jlllti ll)'1'l"proved For Release 2002/07/03 : CIA-RDP86T00608R000600100003-3
Nationallly: 111)1111 llrlt;iiull ?.I, nrlirrl I\ r 111?II!i,ul
1{thnir divisinn%t ;/:i'; 111n1in1;s, 33'; \\'illlooos?
12'; 11ttsud or other
Itell iii,): !17'; I(nntinl ('alholiu. :3'; In1tlr oI nIIII-1
language: I"rrnrh. F14,11001 (Unlt?h). (:'ttn4ull, in
n;dl 4111., 1 nI raslrul IIt?lyiutn; dI III-(I ,Unto; r I III
lines
I.Itrracvt 47';
Labor Puree: .10 million, alipnl%inult(l% (IT; is
lunnd in Ill(, fiilloMo)!'rrlut' 32'; Imumfarluritot.
I'; .rnir(,s, Ili''; rnnunt'it i. Ii.Inkint'? and imoranre.
8'; tonsloa?tion. 7.5'; Ir,I7%portation anti conunuii?
ualion, 1`; agrirullnrt?, (orrstrs. and fishing, I.2',
minim;, (I C'7 pnhlii nlililirs and c;ulilars sutsicl?.
( 1972): Ii0; oovinpiuyutl, r;uls I97.
Organi,ed labor: 48'; of labor (orrr (19(19)
COVI?;RNME:NT
Leg:I optOe: Kingdom of Belgium
Type: conslitulional tnon:uch%
Capital: Iirussels
Political subdivisions: 4 pros') nc(,s
Legal system: civil 1, \ysti?nt influroced hs
English cnnstihttiunal theory; cort%litv:linu adnlitrd
1831, since' atn(,nded; judicial 1(?%i(.\% of Irgislatise
ants; It'gal education at ?1 LI\% \c?hoot\; at'(?rpts
conipldsnry ICJ jurisdiction. ssith rrsers'ations
Branches: (xrculivt branch consists of King all
cabinet; cahinvt rrslonr,.iblr to bicameral parlianu?nt:
indrlor'n(leut judiciary: coalition gosrmo:rnts art.
usual
Government leader: Ilead of Slate. King
Baudouin; I'ritnr \linistrr Iwo ?1?indvinao,
Suffrage:'univcrsal over age 21
Elections: held 10 March 1971 (held at bast once
t?y(,ry ?1 year)
Political parties and leaders: Social Christian.
(:h irlrs-Ferdinand Nothontb and Wilfred Martens,
1 11 lit, ".Illl'lll'?, Slit i'lli',I, ,\n1I11' (11111?? ;lull Wills ( tars,
111 l itl?'?illrlll'., 11111'11\ alld I'tn111 r'r., 'i,i i1n1 I'
Dust ltaltili.. t itlotlal 1111-01,111. 11111'111 I)rtnnl rillir
:11111 I'lllralist I':111\, Itnllar111 Gill"). l?1111 1111 "?id1'Iii
1 1,1111 npllllllr I)rlni,r1.11l1 Iwill \\'ulllnin HA I%
i\Villlnnll 11iIli!1114111'11. (I'll I)1?I11'.srl, 1lalln11ill
lio,%lllrlll, \ rill snnir ( I lcolislt N:llilloi'li?'1 ), I I ngo
41 lllill palls 111r?.Ilirlll. I :lnnlnnnl'?I, Lnlllt 1:111 (:rill,
lirr'?illl'nl of poliltnll h11n?au
Votl.g ctrr'nylll (Mid elrrlfonl: 'i seats Soulnl
(:htlsli,lo, -.rill'. Nollalkt, :11) seals l,iilrtls and
I'tnglr'.s, silts \ olkslllli, ;12 eats I ti1111i1111111111,
I)rnuil t,tIi I'11ult \\'illlnnn Il11jts, 4 v?als I:onltlnulisl.
:I -,rill'. I)rtnnrtillir and I'llttnll'l
Coollounislsl 10,O(H) nu?nlbrr' (rst 1
Other political or pressure- groups: I hr!slian unl
)iii I lli'.t F1,1411, I'11iu11s, Ihr Frdrialiun Ill Iii?tgiunl
Itltlrtslrtus, nutmVOU' nllu?t associations rr?pt1?yrntin)!
Itattkrls, ttlaoularlntrrs, tnlrlllir ii.'' artisans. i1n11 111t.
Irgill iuul tnrdir.ll prnlr''inus, Issas major urt;ani~a-
Uum mprrsunt Illy rnllur,ll into-II-.Is ill 1'landr'ts .11111
\\'allooia
Member of: Ilrnrlus. 111,11' (11i?(1!iurtt l,rts-
unthour)! Fconnnlir t?oionl, (:ounuil iii Fnrope, F( :V.
{(:O4)(:, 1':(:, l?:\IA. FA), l I:A. I(:AO, IF,A, I\11',
NATO, ()1,:( :1). SI.,1ln?tl% (iutuniltrr, 11 N ('Nl' i(:o.
\\'1?:11, \VIIO
1{(:ONOMY
CNl': $ 17 S hillinn (1471, in 147:) priers 1, $1,8!10
pet u,lpila (1973), 1973 -- 60'; coasntttplioo, 22',
inyrslnu?nt, I3'; gnsi?rnmunl, 3'; net fnn?i1;n b,llart(?e;
1974 tra) (:NI' gross ill rile I I';
Agriculture: lisrstock prodnutinn prrllntnin.ltrs;
stain crops -- grains, beck, potalnrs, SO'; sr)f-
suflit?irnt in i,unl: caloric iutakr, 3,231) calories pit
tl;i%. lour r;lplt;i (I'Hi!)-70)
Fishing: catch 12,20(1 mule)., ',ins, $ 31) 1 million
197:11; rsporls $28.0 million (1473), i11gnirl\ $7I (I
million ( 1973)
Major industries: enginrrrim! and metal pro(Iu(Is.
1trocussid food and Ii(,vuragrs, t?l:umic.lls. basic
mclals, tustilrs, and pvtrnlrum
Shortages: iron ore. minlrrrlins minerals, petroleum
Crude steel: capocits 17.2 million nietric tons;
I(i.227 million metric Inns produced: 1.071) kg. per
capita ( 147:3 est. )
Electric power: 8,710,0(X) rapacity (1973); II.I
billion ksv.-hr. produced (147:3), 3,(480 kss.-hr. per
capita
Exports: $28.2 billion (1.o?f? 1974); furious metals,
finished or \ent111uit hrd previous Stonr\, testily
products
Imports: $29.7 billion (c.i.f., 1974): nonelectrical
machinery, motor vehicles, textiles, chemicals
Approved For Release 2002/07/03 : CIA-RDP86T00608R000600100003-3
 Approved For Release 2002/07/03 : CIA-RDP86T00608R000600100003-3
)Illy 1975
Major Iradr trartnrm (11rly,innl.I,mvini mil',
I';colal111!r I111))III, 111731 I':(; nine 72 '; (West (:rrnl,urs
.'.1'';, I'11)11' 20';, Nrlllrllnmk 17';, 11 K (i'7. Ills
I': 1. 11 S it,;. C1111111111110 10111111)('?. L''
Aid: rcnnotn)r - icuci%r?d, I S , $753 h million
afill,ntirrd (11,1(i 7:)), $,!:) nlllhnn In 1?1'7:1, 11)111).
S"1)114 tnlllfnn (1!11!17:)), nlilflars nrrisrd,
1l 1,2Wh nlllllotl milmil/rd (-1'111 7:1), m?I nllirl:ll
I'lnllnllli(' slid its Ir^.s rll?Yrllllll'd Millis 111151 1111dnhltrlal
a);r?ncfrs, $1,W)"! Illdlfnrl (f Ylii 70), $,:)5 (i 11111111111 ill
1!17:)
Ordinary budget, 1975 (prujrrIe(I): tl'sr'nur
SI(i I11 bfllllul, Inolrrlrli rsprndilun's Sill billion 11
Ilan(-- 11S.$0 1)257 fluating)
Monrlary eonv('rsion ralr 11)74 averages I
It:ulr - I IS$(I 1)117 Ilint IIIIg
Fiscal yrarl ralrnll:lr year
COMMUNICATIONS
Itailroadst 2.7,$)1 mi . 2,x,7:) 1),i Amolard maw, mid
gusrnunrnl owned, 1..5.45 ml douhlr track, 7(35 m)
r?Irllrifil'd; I7:) mi prisutrly owned, ,Irctrifird
narrow (T:11i')
IIi,thw.ys: 57,71)4) fill 26,550 III) bllnnlinnus,
s4(,nl' blrlck, or cnnlrrtr; 11,1,14) ml 4-111sl1rd slum',
gr:nrl, earth
Inland waterways: 1.270 nIl.. of which 450 ntl.
bur in regular use Ily (?ommrlcial Inlnspurt
forts: 5 major, I miner
Pipelines: refined poniu('ts, (i()1) mi . crmlr. I()4)
nli , natural gas. I,h15) rni
Civil air: (it major Ir:ulsport aircraft
Airfields: .11 total, 43 nsahir, 22 will, prnnanrnt-
surface (1111755; 12 ssilh nnlssass 5,1)1)44.11.!I )!) It., 7
ssitlt rllnssavs $,()107,4)!) It.
Telecommunications: excellent donlrslic and
international IuIrphone and tilt' raph facililirs. 2.65
million 14-1ephnnrs; :1.4 million radio receivers; 2.?16
million TV rrceisrrs; 7 AM, 13 F\1, and 21 ?I'V
stations, 5 coaxial snbmarine (cables; I tvnununica-
tirnls satellite station
DEFENSE FORCES
Military manpower: mall's 15-14. 2,235,1NN);
1.74:3,()1)1) fit for milit:arv s?rvice; aserag(? numhrr
reaching militar% age (14) :untally 7625)1)
Military budget: proposed for fiscal % (-.it ending 31
l)ccember 197.1, 51,281 million: about 9)7 of
proposed central governtm'nt budget
BELIZE
(formerly British Honduras)
:AND
8,870 stl. mi.; 38(7 agricultural (5'i cultivated),
-16!'7 exploitable forest, 16)7 urban. waste, water,
offshore islands or other
Cu// of
Ahodev
urxiCo
Pwc/f c
OcuAn
C+rrlbbrm
SM
Land h11till (lit tii's::120 mi
WATT: It
Lirnit%of territorial waters (claimed): 3 it. rni.
Coastline: 210 nli
1'I?:o 1' 1,)':
Population: 134.()1)1), Ivvrage atuiiuul gnnsllt ralr
219'; 0/60 1/70)
Nationality: numu- -Brlirrun(sl: udjcctive-
Ilrltrea n
1?:I1uic divkions: 51'7 Nr?gnl, 22'7 nlrsli~o, Ill';
Amerindian, h'7 olber
Iteligion: 50'; I)onuul (:alhnlfc; Anglicalu.
Seventh-(Las Adverllist, \1r?thnd10, Baptist, )(-h(lvah's
11'tlnrsses, \1(-nnonit4'
Language: English, Spanish, Maya. atid Carib
Literacy: -,01"-801;
I.ahor force: :11,5(19, 394; agriculture. I1';
Inanufacluring, 8`; connn(-rce, 12'7 l?011str11/?tiull and
Iranst curt, 20'i services, 7'i other; shortage of skilled
labor and all tspt?s Ilf technical personnel; user I,i';
ao' uIlI'ntpIll%(?d
Organized labor: 8'7 of labor fore(-
GOVERNMENT
Legal narne: Be-lire
Type: internal self-gos(-rning British colony
Capital: Belmopan
Legal system: English lass; cunstilution carne into
force in 19({?1, although (xluntrv n?mains a British
colonV
Branches: 18-member elrclyd National Assembly
and 8-member Senate (either boost' may ('boos(' its
speaker or pmsident, respectively, from outside its
elected membership); cabinet; j11(liciary
Government leader: Premier George Price
Suffrage: universal adult (probably 21)
Elections: must be held within 5 years (if last
elections held in October 1974
I8
Approved For Release 2002/07/03 : CIA-RDP86T00608R000600100003-3
 Jill), 1 Approved For Release 2002/07/03 : CIA-RDP86T00608R000600100003-3
Political parties and ItvuIersI 111'111 Ill.'s I1 1)1rtl
1':1115' (l'111'), (:rorgr I'llrr; Ilnllrcl Ih?nlorrallc 11nrly
(IIUI'), o rnallllnn rnnllnltircl 01 IIu? Nif llnnal
IntllImmfrill r Pally (NII') 14-111 rv I'It11111 (:nl4Isoil , Ilse
('rolrlv's 1)1'llloclalIc llnlcrn (1'l)!vll Itv1 11%' 1)1111
I,Int)o, and IIn? (iluval furls' (I,I'I Intl Icy Iblrry
I,:utrrnet; (:1):1)3411 Ilnilyd Ifonl ((:111 ), San11ago
Illeald1?; llnttrd Illaek A'?dretatjnll lilt Des'rlopmrnl
(lillA!)), Evan X Ilsvle
Voting, strength (National Assenrbly)I I'l1l' 12
wills, 111)1' li scats
Conunnnlstst nr?llyllrlr
Oilier political or pressure groups: Christian
WoIkets' I Inion ((:1'11) whit II IS connoted with I'lIl'
Member oft (:A111CO\1
f;CONOMY
(:DI't $75.0 million (1973 t?s1.1, $570 per capita,
74''3 prisvtle Innsuntp(Inu, 17'7 public cInsunyrlioo.
:1(1"; dnnu?stic invesltmvtt, 31 ,1, net Iorel-;n hulnnce
(106X); will gn,wlh late 1971 3.3";
Agriculture: main ptldncls - sugar, estrus frulls,
corn, ri1?r, br:11ts, I,amnas, livestock products; net
importer of (1)1)11; caloric ;make, 2?51X) calories per day
per capita
Major industries: timber and forest products, fond
prneessing. Iurnitme, rtnn, soap
Electric power: (3,4(X) kw. capacity (1971 ), 2(3.2
million kw.-hr. produced (1971 ), 211) W. -fir. per
capita
1,,%ports: $31.7 million (f.o.b., 197:3 t?st.I; sugar,
lumber, citrus fruits, fish
Imports: $11)9 million ((-.I V. 1973); vehicles,
petroleum, fond, testiles, machinery
Major trade partners: esports - 11.5, 3014'. U.K.
2.1'' Mexico 225;, Canada 1.'3";; imports - U.S.
3-1 "c. U. K. 23'?, J:ctnaIca 7`'; (1970)
Televo-nurtill lrv-tit) n%1 3,111111 tt Irlrb1)nes In 41111(1.
nu1Ut' and nl;11ntol nrltcurk; rut Ill,.if-Ill y system undrt
cunstnu'llnn; IIN,(X)O radio frrrlyrfs, I AR1 slollun~
DEIFENSE, FORCE'S
Military nuuy-owc?rt mater 15- 11), :111,0(111; 111.1)(9)
III for ntllllaty srrvirt , I, ,INI Ira:II nlilil.rry agt' 118)
01111)1111 %
BI 1{MUDA
LAND
21 s(t. tit;.; 81i arable. (30`7 forested, 21'7 built on,
cs?asteIantl, and other. IIS; leased for air and naval
1)ast?s
WATER
Limits of territorial waters (claimed): 3 H. fill.
Coastline: 61 mi.
Aid: ec?onornic - U.S. (PY?16-73), $6.1) million, I'1:OPLE
grants; from international urganizalions (19.1(3-7:3). Population: 543,0(X), average :umual growth rate
$1.7 million I.6S (I/68-I/7.1)
Monetary conversion rate: $13111.72-U5$I Nationality: noun-Ilermudan(s); :tdjeclive-
(official) 13rrnctulau
Fiscal year: calendar year Ethnic divisions: approximately (i35; African, 37`.'3
w h
COMMUNICATIONS its.
Railroads: none Religion: 17.513 Church of I?ngl:uul, 38.21; other
Highways: 1,400 mi.; 21X) mi. paved, 31X1 1)113. Protestant, 10.21; Catholic, ?I.I % other
language: English
gravel. :351) till. improved earth and I59 mi. Literacy: virtually l(X)f;,
unimproved earth
Inland waterways: 51.1 till. river network used Is. Labor force: 2.1,855 (197.1)
sludlow?-draft craft GOVERNMENT
Ports: I major (Belize), ?1 minor Legal name: Colony of Bermuda
Civil air: nn major transport aircraft Type: British colony
Airfields: 3.1 total, 34 usable; ?1 with permanent- Capital: Hamilton
surface runways; I with runway 4,(XX)-7,999 ft.; I Political subdivisions: 9 parishes
seaplane station Legal system: English law
19
Approved For Release 2002/07/03 CIA-RDP86T00608R000600100003-3
 Approved For Release 2002/07/03 : CIA-RDP86T00608R000600100003-3
RF.RAl1/UA/I(IItl'/',IN
Ilrnn?hesl I;xrrtIIve (;oun(11 (eabinrt) if lif it fill Ird
by glIsI' our, It'd Irv y,oyemmlf?-lt II'adcr; bll'rlltt14a1
Irl;lsiullne with toll tlppofatell I,eglshllive (;onnrll,
aaI it 10if if nrlif ?r dl(rclly elvcle(I I Iof %l' of A%%I,illIrly
Government leaders: (:ovenmr Sir l' Issio I.rallrrr;
Goverunrlll bender (rrtoivalrlrt to Painter) Sir
I?;dward Itlellards
Suffrage: universal over age 21
I?:IecNons:
it 11(51
once every 5 years; last yenrrll
rlretinn, Jour
II)721
Political parties
and leaders: l11Ued Iiernlnrhl
I'ur11' (UIll'), Sir I;tlwarl IHcl-ards; 1'rogr?sslvv I,abor
Party (1'1,1'), Willer N.II, I3nbinson
Voting strength (11)72 clections)l 11111,61.2,;. I'I 1'
;ts.N!'; Iloose of Assembly seals -- UIII':11), I'I,1' 10
Communists: negligible
Other political or pressure groups: Bermuda
loduslriul 1)nton (1(1(f)
ECONOMY
(;N1': $262 million (at nwrket ;crier., 11)72), $1,7(10
per capita
Agriculture: omio products - bananas. vegeta-
bles, 1"a-ter lilies, dairy products, citrus fruits
Major industries: tourism, finance
Electric power: 98,120 kw. capacity (11)71); 21)9
c;illion kw,-hr. produced (1117.1), 5,320 kw.-hr. per
capita
Exports: $21).?1 million (f.o.b., 11)73); mostly
reexports of drugs and booker fuel
Imports: $122.)) million (f.o.b., 1973); fuel,
foodstuffs, machinery
Major trade partners: U. S. .t5' , U. K. 22";,
(:aoada 1)f; (11)7 1 )
Monetary conversion rate: I Itrrmuda dol-
1ar=US$1
Fiscal year: I April - 31 March
COMMUNICATIONS
Railroads: none
Highways: 130 mi., all paved
Ports: 2 major (I lamilton, St. George's)
Civil air: no major transport aircraft
Airfields: I with concrete runway 9,710 ft.; 1
seaplalle Station
Telecommunications: modern telecom system:
Sidled to island needs, includes fully autonlatic
telephone system with 36,000 sets; 50,0(X) radio and
22,(8X) 'I'V receivers, 2 AM, 2 and 2 TV stations;
3 coaxial submarine cables
LAND
18,0(0) sq. mi.; 15'.o agricultural, 15'o desert, waste,
turban, 70% forested
July 11175
PEOPLE
Population: 1,171,(X)), average annual growth rate
2.3'. (current)
Nationality: noun-?Ilhutanrse (slog? pl. l:
attjectivt'-11hu1nncsc
Ethnic divisions: 60"; Ilholias, 25r; cihnic
Nepalese, IV,, indigenous or migrant tribes
Religion: 75`7 I,untaistic Iluddllisnl, 25! 11ud-
dhiSt-infIneneed Ilintluisnl
Language: lihotias speak various 'I'ibelal dialects,
most widely spoken dialect is I)zoogkha, the official
language: Nepalese speak various Nrg-dese didccts
Literacy: insiguificaot
Labor force: :100,000; 99'(* agri: ulttire. V;
industry; massive lack of skilled labor
GOVERNMENT
Legal name: Kingdom of Bhutan
Type: monarchy: special twaty relationship with
India
Capital: 'I'hinlpha
Political subdivisions: ?1 regions (vast, central,
west, south), further divided into 15-18 subdivisions
Legal system: based nn Indian law and I?nglish
common law: in 11)(14 the King assumed full power-
no constitution existed beforchaud; a supreme court
hears appeals from district administrators; has t-ot
accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction
Branches: appointed ;'sinister and indirectly
elected assembly consisting of village olden, monastic
representatives, and all district and senior government
administrator (electoral reform provides for direct
elections in near future)
Government leader: King Jigmc Singhi Wangchuk
Suffrage: each family has one vote
Elections: popular elections on village level held
every 3 years
Approved For Release 2002/07/03 : CIA-RDP86T00608R000600100003-3
 Approved For Release 2002/07/03 : CIA-RDP86T00608R000600100003-3
July 1107 5
Political partiesr all parliv%
Cornmunislsl no ttvt'rl (:onltrluttlsl prescoee
Other political or pressure groups: Iinrlrlhl.i
cir'rlly
Member of: (:nlontlut flan, Seabeds (:onnnillee,
Ul'ti, U.N.
I;c()NOMY
(:NI': under $100 per capita
Agriculture: rice, hurley, wheal, pnl:ttoes, frail
Major industries: handihntfls (particularly lcxlllcs)
Electric power: 1,1)01) kw. capacity (I07'$); ,
million kw,-hr, produced (1974 ), 4 kw. -hr. per eapilc
Export-it about $1 million ulunu1lly; rice, dolomite,
Mid handicrafts
Importst about $1.4 million annually
Major trading partner: India
Aid: ccOannlic - India (11-61.72) $180 million
Monetary conversion rate: both ngultnnns and
Intliaul rupees are legal Iendcr; 8.11 ogultrunls'H.1)
Indian rupeos~LIS$l as of January 1975
Fiscal year: I April - 3I Match
COMMUNICATIONS
Highways: 810 mi.; 2(30 mi. surfaced, 1120 mi.
improved, 231 ml. tn:in:proycd earth
Freight carried: not available, very light Irallfil'
Civil air: no major traulsport itircraft
Airfields: I atsphatlt runway 4,510) ft.
Telecommunications: facilitics:tlrnost nont'xistenl
570 telephones; (3.(010 est. radio sets; no TV sets; I PM
a3nt1 no 'l'V stations
DEFENSE FORCES
Military manpower: males 15- 49, 279,(}0); I54),(0})
fit for military service; about 90}) reach military age
(18) annually
Supply: dependent on India:
LAND
?121,(0)0 sq. rni.; 2''F cultivated and fallow, I1'7
pasture and meadow. 45''c urban, desert, waste, or
other, 404,E forest, 2'; inland water
Land boundaries: 3,780 mi.
PEOPLE
Population: 5.272,0(0), average annual growth rate
2.6 e (current)
Nationality: noun-llolivian(s); adjective-
Bolivian
Ethnic divisions: 5W;-75!7; Indian, 204;-354
mestizo, 5%45 % white
Ncligion: lmvlontinalit ly Itonuut (;alholic: lutist'
prolr'stant minority, esprcII I Ily Methodist
Language: Spanish. Aynutra, Quechua
Literacy: 35'; -40'7
Labor force: 2.5 million ( P172I, 69 I' agrlcullure,
).a''; Iltilliltg, 9.(Ir; servit'r's 1111d otililif'%. S""
nlaunl(aeturing. 10'7 other
Organized labor: 150,Il(X)-2tN.),IN}.), cuncentratled in
mining, bulustry, corlstroction, :Intl Ir:ulsporlat{On
COVE'ItNM1E.N'I'
Legal name: Itr'pohlic of Bolivia
't'ype: republic; tic facto military dictatolsltip
govenunent
Capital: La I'az. (scat of govt'rnintnl); Sucre
(judicial capital)
Political subdivisions: 9 deparlnln its with Iinlitetl
autonomy
Legal System: based on Spaallslt lass and (:ode
Napoleon: constitution aulopted 19137; comtilulion in
force except where contrary to dispositions dictated by
governments since I969. legal education at University
of San Andres and several others; hats not accepted
compulsory I(:J jurisdiction
Branches: executive: congress of t"o thaunhen
(Senate and (;panther of Deputies), congress
disbanded after 26 September I969 ouster (if 1'resident
Sites; judiciary
Government leaders: President Ilugo Ilautzer
Suarez
Suffrage: universal and compulsory at age IS if
married, 21 if single
Elections: postponed indefinitely
Political parties and leaders: political activities are
proscribed indefinitely; most party leaders are in exile
Voting strength (1900 elections): Frente de la
lievolucion Boliviana (a coalition composed of the
MPC, Plli. PIIA. PSD, and two interest groups, the
Approved For Release 2002/07/03 : CIA-RDP86T00608R000600100003-3
 Approved For Release 2002/07/03 : CIA-RDP86T00608R000600100003-3
July 11175
t?uullrr'.iurrs 111111 ( ;1411 to Will V'I.'ruls) (W,; , I, Slt 12';
vINIt II)';, inlet I'i'';
Cotnrrnlrrt4xtxt 11111 lolullrs (4111 pnr:rrlflrdl;
I'( ;II/Sm it'l Ird l1,. Jung ' Kr)llr ( ;111,141, ulnul :1111)
tin-m Irts; I'(;Il/(;lillles.' Ird by Ostir %unurm, I'll
11)(111111 Ill,, 1)11) In exile), I'( )11 ('1'rlllskslsI), ill )11111 'A)
rnrtnlrt',.Ilvld.'d 1rIwrru 11111, 1. 11cIluns Ir( 1v IIIIgo
(:onzldrz Muscnar, 1111vImu 1 urn I?;.cofrur, hint
Amatlmn At/n'
Monnlteroft IAI'A, IAI)11, 1AO, InIrrnaIIutull'IlI I
(;nuntiI, I,A1'1'A fill (I Anllrim Sulu-I{rl;h;nil (;rrit ln
(nr'ltIvtI In May 196!1 wlllhl I,AI''I'A), OAS, SI'11Iof 11.
1r1111gitlee. { 1. N.
E(:0NOMY
CN1't $1.I I lillool (in 11)73 dolltus, 1!)7.1), $231) prr
twplla; 711'1 ptivatr rrrnsunnption, 1'2'1 pnfllc
t?un:unnptiun, 12'; nits donu'slic invesltllenl. :1,;
olrl fog?ign lnluncr ( 197:1); trui gnrwlh rile 1111(9.73
averag.' 5.4';
Agriculture: limits craps - polato.s, corn, ticv,
sugureane, im-ca, lnnunm., impart. 'i);tsilicanl
.lu;uttilir' of Inud',Iulf% inclntling lard, vegelulle nil.,
and sshr111; caloric intake, 1,8(11) t?ulotir, prr clay pvr
capita ( 11171 )
Major industries: mining, sntelll.lg, prtrolt?um
refining, flood processing, textile., will el(1tininl'.
Electric power: 108.2111) kw, cmparity (11)73); 1)03
milling kw.-11,. produced (11)73), 181 kw.-hr. per
capita
Exports: $1911.7 million (Lab.. 11)71 (-st); lilt,
petroltlnn, Ivad, /inc. silver, Lnlngsten, untimmlly.
li.gullh. gold, coffer, sugar, collun
Imports: $3588.0 million (lo.b.. 1971 est. I;
foodstuff., t?hrmical.? capital good., plarmact'gticals
Major trade partners: export. - U.K. 2267;, U.S.
17';, West 1':urrpe ?1";, Latin America 20";; import.
- U.S. 28''1, IAttiuu Aowric;I 21'1 , J:IIY111 11''1
Wnslern Europe 2(i'; (1972)
Aid: et.?on(jmic - extemilom from U.S. (Fl'?1(,-73)
$3(11) million in loam. $:119 million in );runt.; from
international organization. (11'4h-73). $228 million;
from other Western countries (11)60-72), $53.3
million; Cumtnuni.t countries (1970-7.1), $60
million; military - assist;utce from U.S. (Fl'52-7:3).
$36 trillion
Budget: (1973) $12.1 million revenues, $168 million
expenditures
Monetary conversion rate: 20 p(sos=UUS$1
Fiscal year: calendar year
COMMUNICATIONS
Railroads: 2.310 nil., single track; 2.29( mi., meter
gage, 20 mi., 2'6" gage; all government owned except
60 mi, of meter-gage track; 5.6 tai. of meter-gage
track electrified
111glrwuys: 2:1,21)1) nni , 7)11) nn) p.lvrd, 1, I(N) mi
gr+nvvl, 3,71)1) lilt inllrtnvrll "4111111, 11,71111 iii
uninipnlved 1,111111
Inland waUvways: ullirinily -.1111Iulrnl In lot' 1i,2'r11
tn) ill cunnnnrrrlulIv n lviyullr sanlrtwnv.
l')pelfmwst rroldr old, 1,0111 mill.; rrlit)rd prudncl.
Old cr)td.' 1)1)) toll; nulnt it gn' WA) 1411.
Parts: none (Ilnliviun r:ugn 111mcd 1ltnugin Mini
111111 Anllofugustn, (;141111, 41nd Maluruni, I'utu)
Civil airs 16 nwl(ir Inutspoll uin?rull
AlrfieIdst ',Ol) 1411111, 490 usubll , I witl prrtn;llnvll-
:4141(4111 runtvuyti; I with nulls41% uvrt 120INN) It.. :1 otltit
ruuwns. 8,1)00.1 1,0911 It? 11)1 "All nmw,ls. 480)0
7,9!)!) It.
1'clecongnunitvltinnst poon'0 Irl1,cnul l:u?ililu'' un
rlilt Int'nl; rtdiu-iil:ls nrlwork under conslrurlimi.
511,11111) Irln'p1r)tsrs, v%l 2 5 ntillinn 1,.1(41 4111.1 ?11,0(11)
'I'V receivers; 71) AM1, 17 I'M, and 2 'I'V slit ious
DEFT':NSF, FORCES
Military manpower: nwir. 15-49 1,2270)0;
770,(11111 lit for mililun sets inn'; avetagr uunllrr
reut?lning tnililnty age (19) lnnntn;illy ;11ou1 '18,11111)
BOTSWANA
LAND
220,0(11) '.l, mi.; about 61; arable, less Ih;1n I
under cultivation, mostly desert
Land boundaries: 2,315 mi.
PEOPLE
Population; ((77,(1111), average 3414141131 growth title
2.451 (current)
Nationality: noun-Ilotswvna (sing? pl.); adjec-
tive-Botswana
Ethnic divisions: 9.1'; Tswana, 5; Bush own, 1 ?7
European
Approved For Release 2002/07/03 : CIA-RDP86T00608R000600100003-3
 Approved For Release 2002/07/03 : CIA-RDP86T00608R000600100003-3
Jolly 11)71
It eliy,Ion1 !1`1'; ;Iof nlisl, I.1'; I ]III.,II:ul
laullluuyel A(tic4ur, sprak 'Isss411u1 vrm11cnhur
Literacy: about In I?;nkhsh, (111(1(11 :('7 fn
I'sw4uul; Icss 1111411 I'; av'nndtuv school y,ltltllltllt?s
Labor force::IFi:1,INNl, nl(nl lift, cntr,al,rd In I -Milt,
tuislnt; 111: subslslrtncc tut?llcmllmc, ulrnnl JI.(tilt) In
1111'' nut wash cron(1nry, unulllct (i0,01m) spcn41 111 It?110
(i to 11 111(111111% Imo scar as v tuy,t? rmio,i, in South A(rlt'11
(11171 1
Oryanire(1 labnrl ci) lIt luulc nuinns nryunlictl alllt
it Iotol uu?nthutshlp of 4111plotim;llrly 11.1)01) ( 11)72 csl
GOVERNMENT
Legal nanu?: BI-public of I(tISt%unu
'I'ypct It11rliunlrnl4rt rrpnblic; Intlrilcntlrnl
IlIPIllbct of t(1Illltlullwealtll t111t'r 1966
(:apical: (:nluornnr
Political subdivisions: 12 ncllninistrullt. disllfcls
Legal system: based on Itunuurl-I)nlch h1w 411141
local custonulry lust; constilntlnn 1;1110 into rifcct
11166 ; judivial rev lesr Il11liIt'd Io matters of
interprclutkill ; Ir);ul cthlcattnrt at 11111% vf%it %. of
Buthsyana, I.ctothn and Sssa/d;uul (2!': yours) and
University of I?dinhnrl,h (2 yvats); Ilas not accepted
comlmtlsory ICJ jurisdiction
Branches; rtcculivc - I'11?sidenl appuinls and
pn?si(Ics liver till- cabtnct which it trsponsible to
Legislatfvr Asscnlhly; Irgislatiyc - Lrt;islalisc
Ass(?mhly wilts :12 popularly clcctrd nu?11lbers and I
nu'nlbrrs elected by Ihr 31 repr?seulative%. Iloust' of
(:hirfs syilh deliberative poarrs only; judicial - local
cnllrh administer customary hiss, Iligh Good and
subordinate courts have criminal jurisdiction liver all
residents, Court of Appeal II:IS appellate jurisdiction
Government leader: I'n'sident Scrrt.c? Khanna
Suffrage: universal, age 21 and over
Elections: general elections held 26 October I971
Political parties and leaders: Butssv:tna Demo-
cratic farts, (1)1)1'), Srrclsc Kham:I; lir(?hu:Inaland
People's Party (11I'l'), Philip \1:It:ulte; Bnlsss:uta
1Ildvicndoncc Party (till'), Molsaruai '.1phu;
Botswana National Front (BNF), Kenuulh Munn
Voting strength: (October 197.1 ductlon) 111)1' (27
scats); 1119' (2 seats); BNF (2 seat.); Bll' (I seat)
Communists: no known Cunununist organization;
Koma of IINF has Tong history of Co11uuuuist contacts
Member of: AFI)B, Cnnumonsvealth, FAO, OAU,
U.N.. 1t 'MO
ECONOMY
GDP: $1.12.6 million (April 1971 - March 1972).
about $210 per capita, growth in current prices about
25SF? annually (FY's 1968-72)
Agriculture: principal crops are corn and sor} huts;
livestock raised and cxportcd
Major bulntlrictt livrslork p1' ''chug, 1!!U1ing of
tlilrnr1r1111%, t11)111vi, IIif 1('I, 1'11441, 11011.%Iuuc. 111111
ln~Ill 1;i 111 WW
I;Icclric plowed 11,!1111) kss callaclts ( 1!171), lit
Inllliun ksv lu plodurctl ( 1111), 9(i kss hr pt'r cupltu
I:xpnrlsl $10`; million (I!171 ctrl ;1111c,
guru uiurls, luillrr11ls
ltnporl-1 $1 17 rruillion (11)7I csl ), (nn(stufis,
schlrics, Iu?tlllt
Major trade partners: Snnl(1 Alrico nnrl 11K
Budgelt (19711) Irvcn(1c $131 million ($111,8 million
from d(urtlrslle (a%(?% 411141 .$211 nlflhorl (rural Iuoirnttinl;
nml lurcirll 111111. 1?nrrrllr etp,niflnms $75 n:llliun,
Inycslftlcnt rtprndflno?s $39 nlillinn
Monetary eonvertiun rate: I SA It uul- I'S$I IT as
ill Junnnl. 11175 (Butsn iuii usrs fill, South Alticwl
11um1)
Fiseal year: I Aptll - :II Mitch
COMMUNICA'T'IONS
Itailruuds: 1(X) nil :i'(i" t;at;u, slnlch' truck: ltctncll
and opu'ralyd by lift, l(hndusi:u Ituilru,uul'
Ilighwayt: 12,900 fill ; "M nii Ir;rsrt; 71(1 mi
crushrt stunt of t;r:utcl, rrnl,lilulrr intpnlsc41 catth
and ftni111pnuar41 4-a11h
Inland swtterway%: nabs' craft cnic; of local
i119nurl:uu'c
cavil air: 1) major tr:ulspnrt ;aircraft
Airfields: NJ total, 71 usably; :1 silts petln:ua?nl-
sutface n11nsass, I,8 '.silts nnlssays 1,(NIII.7,99!1 ft
'I'eleeonnnunic?alions: Ihr s'.slcln is a minimal
t?ulnhin:utiun of a single main '.sire liar and a h?sy
radiocom11nmicatiun stations; (:aburone is lhr ccntrr;
5.620 Iriephont?s; :-,0,(X){) radi(1 rec'rivers; I A .M. I F\1,
:11141 no '1'1' stalinns
DEFENSE, FORCES
Military manpower: nl:ulrs 13-19, 161,(XX), 83,0))))
fit for military service; MIX))) roach military age (18)
:unntally
LAND
3,290,11)))) sal. n:i.; Vi cultivated, 13`1 pasl11 les,
23!'~ built-on urea, waste, and other, (10"1 forested
Land boundaries: 8,125 mi.
WATE11
Limits of territorial waters (claimed): 200 n. mi.
Coastline: 41,633 mi.
PEOPLE
Population: 107,613,(1)0, average annual growth
rate 2.8'.';, (current)
Approved For Release 2002/07/03 : CIA-RDP86T00608R000600100003-3
 Approved For Release 2002/07/03 : CIA-RDP86T00608R000600100003-3
MIAMI,
Natlorlalityt noun ltraiili,m(s), ioliretivr
IBOVihan
1?:tlmir dIVisionx1 lill'i svltll,', 30,; initrd, M'i
Nigro, and Indian ( I!160 esl )
Religion: !t;'; Itlon?o, (%itholic (nnmin;tl)
language: furl ogoesr
Literacy: 67'; of the popldalton 17) years (or older
(1!)71))
Labor force: 11,01,1 30 million in 1970 (rsl. ); 112''
al,ricollom, livrslnrk, lorestr Ind lisl,lt, , I7.M'i
indoslrv, Iservices, Ir;uisportation, and
rimmnnication, commerce. V m'; sncill
acliviliis. 3.11'7 politic adniintstta:lnn, 5.1'7 tether
Organized labor: about Ni"; of labor force. ones
about 1.5 million p;,s does
GOVERNMENT
Legal name: Fichoative Republic of Itr;iril
Type: federal ngniblic; military-backed prrsidvn?
li;il regime since April 1961
Capital: Rrasilia
Political subdivisions: 21 stales, ?1 territories,
federal dislri(?t (Ilrasilia)
Legal system: based on Latin codes; dual system of
courts, slate and federal; conslilntion adopted 19117
and extrns(vely amended in 19(19: has not accepted
cotopoisory l(:I jurisdiction
Branches: strong executive with very broad powers;
bicameral legislatum (powers of Ole Issas bodies have
been sharply rcebiced); I I-man Supreme Court
Government leader: President P,rnesto Ceisel
Suffrage: compulsory over age IM, except illiterates
and those stripped of their political rights;
approximately .10 million roistered voters in October
1970
Elections: President Medici's successor was chosen
by a 505-:neniber electoral college, composed of the
members of Congress and delegates selected from the
state legislatures, on :5 January 1974 and took office
loll I;i N1 iii It 11171. (;Owl tsas Ow rholrr' of fslivhci
,ir111 '''tt liiilit,,s clltuls
Voting, slrtnylht (Nnvrnibrr 1!1711 cunt,msslonnl
rlrclionsl: Ili'; AIU':NA, 25'1 s11)II, 2M 5'i Wool, anti
void
Political partl?s and leadcrst N'aliiniil Ilrni?ss it
Alllan,,' (Altl?;NA1, poll govr?nunrnl Luis 1'iiouu,
I'llho, prr?shli?nt, 18rai11tan Iti'fill icr,llic tilovt?irui'nt
(111)181, opt,osilion. t'lissr's (;ultnaon?s, p,esidrul
(:omirrlrrrists: 11.1)(8), 1,111111 1 1111ill III s
Other polilival or pressure groups: rscrptlnl, the
ntlliti,i Ow (:alholil' (:loo-11 Is Ihr only oII'l'
01111oli l1,' pnssuro I,tOnp, I,tisti?si?r, divi',ioits ssilltln
the (:hurrh nlt,?u ptrvrnl It iron, sl,uaklnl; ssIth one
spice hither ,utd studrul groups Iu,sr almost no
Inllocm i' on 1114. r,ovrrnrnrnt
Member oil FAO. CA'I1'. IAiII, IAI?A, 111181)?
ICAO, 11111, 11,0, 151(:0, 1511', I'1'1', I,AI 1?A, M.N.
Seabeds Coonnl-Ier, (' N., UNI';S(:O. ttl'1', 11'IIO,
I{CONOMY
(:NI': $81, billion (197 1), $51(1 per capiti, 30'; gross
invrstnu?nt, 711'1 cnnsiunplion, 7'i nut foreign
bal;un?e (11171); rc;il I,rnssth rate 1971, !)(1';
Agriculture: main pnulncls ._ coffer, tic,', beef,
writ, milk, sugan?;u,e, sosbe;,ass; meads x8'11-sttlficii?nl;
calorc? intake. '2,)1(X) calories par day per capita (1!162)
FiOling: catch ,i?MI,INNI nn?Iric lots ( 1971) valued at
$l60 million ( 1 9 1 7 I h rsportc ((i l,. $2(1.7 million,
imports (L0 b.) $27.5 million (1971)
Major industries: texlilrs and other consonn'r
bonds, cement, lumber, slr,l, motor vehicles, other
nirtalstorking induslrirs
Crude stccl: M 5 million metric Ions capacity (197.1
i?sl ): 7 ?i million metric tons pradoced (1971); 70
kilograms per capita
Electric power: 15,(125,(88) kw. capacils (19731;
(35.8 billion kw.-hr. produced (1973), 1149 kw.-hr.
pet capita
Exports: S7,967 million (lo.b.. 19711; coffee,
inanufacturus, iron ore, collon, soybeans, sugar, snood,
cocoa, beef, shoes
Imports: million (c.i.f., 1971); machinery,
chemicals, pharmaceuticals, petroleum. wheat
Major trade partner.,: exports - U.S. 22?';, West
Cerrtlany 7'i, Italy Vi, Netherlands 7rr, Japan lire,
U.K. 6!74,; imports-U S. 25`'%. 1V(-st Germany 13';,
Japan 7`'i, U, K.3'; , Italy 2`7 (197.1)
Aid: ecomimic - extensions front I.I.S. (Fl'1(i-73)-
loans S4.3 billion, grants 3655 million; front
international organizations (I''1'46-73) 5.3.0 billion;
from other Western countries (1960.7 1) $6 17.0
million; front Communist countries (1959-7?I) $330.6
million; drawings (1959- .1) $120 million
Approved For Release 2002/07/03 : CIA-RDP86T00608R000600100003-3
 Approved For Release 2002/07/03 : CIA-RDP86T00608R000600100003-3
AUSTRAliA
Portsi 7 tnnjur, 25 slgniliuanl mbar
Pipvlinest crude till, 7711 till ; tr(im?d pnalucIs, 2!111
fit).; natural gas, 21 ml.
Jt lsgfonr ahmisl all at least nilnrinnlly (:hrlsllun;
Roman (:ulhnlit', Anglican, ,urd Methodlsl chrlrches
dun,ifi:utt
Civil air: PIN major Irafispoll ?)reran
Airfieldst 3,1)85 total, 3,!11Ni usably; 115 will,
l,fleracyi 60';
pirrnafit-iii-snrlace rufisvnys; 1:1 with runways M,O(x??
If.!)4!) It,, 31)5 wllh runways 4,1)011.7,4)!)!) ft.; IM
GOVISRNMI:NT
Legal name, Ilrllisll Sulommll Islands I'rntrclmnte
,le urhninislewd as crussn
rntrctnr,
Iltitislt
e
T
i
l
,
yp
s
p
ane slat
ut,s
seap
1'rlccnrnnuu,ictrtions: muderalr?ly ):and Irlrcutn c(1loov
system; radii relay svidvly used; cutomrmieatim,s
satu'll4U gnmud station; 2.7 ntlllimi Ielrphuucs; 1st. 32
million radio and 8.7 million '1'1' wt-rivers; 1)211 AM,
Capital: llmtiuru
Political subdivisionsr -1 a d iii) ii is) 1:1t1 ye districts
Legal %)'slerra: a Iligh (;oust plus Magislrllrs
I54) I' M. and 105 'I?V slatinus; 0 sohmarim? rallies,
Cowl. also it svslefir ill n:Ilive warts Ilunut.hmll tilt-
im'luding I c(iurial
Ishutds
DEFENSE, FORCES
Branches: esectilivr? aulhorily in Iligh (;rnnrnis-
Military
manpower: nt:d's
15.4!), 21,5010X); sinnt-r; if legislative assembly ill 21 el,cled tnunrher%, it
16,03 1,0()0 fit fur military service; 1,24)3)0N) reach
few appointed tnenrhers
fitilitary age (IN) annually
Government leaders: gtiventur I),(;.(;. I.udding-
Military
budget: for fiscal
year ending 31
tofi, (thief Minister Manrdnfii
I)evrtnhrr
197.1, $1,3;30 million;
II.4''; of federal
Suffrage: universal age 21 and aver
budget
Elections: every ?1 )ears, latest May-June 1973
ItudgeII (10711 mvetlur?, $1071) hllhun, rtl)?ruh
bus $ 10. 11111 If III
Monvisa ry conversion ruler 7 N,15 cruirlfu?,-IIS$I
(AprlI 11175, rlutul!rv, hrrlol?n1I1')
Haul year: t'nlrnrlut %c,Ir
(0MM UN I( A'1'IONS
Railroads: 19,1):4;1 fill. 17,584 fill, :4'3ln' yn-,e.
2,I)M:5 mi. 121 fill gage. I.13 fill.
uilrrnsv gages; 1,1)21 fill, clectrlllrd
Ilighwuys, 74)13,800 fir).; 13.1011 till. paved,
755,7(X) fill. grrv'l (if rarlh
Inland waterwayst ;II,(H))) fill. fiavigahle
BRI1'ISII SOLOMON ISLANDS
LAND
About 11,500 sq. mi.
Pacific
Ocean
WA'I'TS It
I.Insits of territorial waters: 3 if fill,
(;mrstliner uhoul 1,31111 fill
i'1':()1'1.1;
1'opuhrtiont 481),000, avrrag i' unnnul grmmlll full.
(7/07-7/73)
Nalionalily: limn British Snlunntu Islundel(s).
adjt-t'livr? British SUlnlnmr Isl,Itldt't
Elhrrle divisforrst 1):)0', Melufiesluns, 111';
I'nlyn,^,{uns, I.: f'; Mirrufit'siuns, 0:)', (;hifirse, TIM';
I';ulnpe,uts, 11 V; olhels
Political parties and leaders: 1'nited Solomon
Islands Farb
ECONOMY
(:DI': $31 nrilliun (11)71)), SliJa per capita
A);riculture: largely dominated by cnconl,t
production with subsistence crops of yams. faun,
h;0,anas; self-sufficient ill rive
Exports: $11.1) million (11)73); timber ?10'; , ctipra
:11%, fish 15';
Imports: $11.:3 million (11)73)
Major trade partners: exports - Japan
British Cuntmmmvealth 20`;; imports - Australia
45`';, U.K. 17%, J:Ipan 15%;
Monetary conversion rate: I Australian dollar=
tJS$1.31 (1975)
COMMUNICATIONS
Railroad: none
Highways: 518 mi.; 150 mi. sealed orall-weather
Inland waterways: none
Ports: 3 minor
Civil air: no major transport aircraft
Approved For Release 2002/07/03 : CIA-RDP86T00608R000600100003-3
 Approved For Release 2002/07/03 : CIA-RDP86T00608R000600100003-3 Jody 11175
IIIU7'I,S11 ,SO1,OAlON I,S1,AN1),S/111111N1';1
Alrllrltl i ;!;! lutul..'.Z ulnlllr. I llrlnulurnl ?nrlucr
, invas li,:l(Ht It ; ,I 11111111;1) curlMCr vallscnss 1,01111
7,11911 It ? I 1 natuoll ',u1111rr tunssuss Ir',s Ihun :{,!1!1!1
ft ; :t sralrlllnr slullults
'1'4,14-4-4ilnmunirulional :1 AM lit alt i t, nu I st.
Mill Ili 'I1' stut!trlls, 7,701) Hullo rccclvrts, I,;r'li
tt?h'pbirms, no 11' srl'.; InlrtnMtif nul cntlm 1 Ilins ss llh
1,1rodol1. I',llf!1.111d, silt 1'I11l11' IIIIIMI cll1 l'?
I.ANI)
2,2:311 %l) fill crlltiv:llfd; 22'7 imlustt %%a%lr.
urban or ollu?r; 75'1 hocslcti
Land boundaries: 231 mi.
WATER
Limits of territorial waters (claimed):3 n, rill.
Coastline: 11X) tni.
1'1?OPI1E
Population: I55,0(X), ?scragr annual growth rule
3:3'7 (li17I.7/73)
Nationality: none-linmcian(s). adjcclivc-
Itronti:ln
Ethnic divisions: 52'1 Malass, 25'1 (:hintsr, IS
indigenous tribes, 5'i other
Christian; 32'1 other (Iloddhist arid ;animist)
language: Malay and English official, (:hinrsc
Literacy: ?15"1
Labor force: 32.155; :30.5'1 agricullore; :32.8
industrc, manufacturing, and comtnrclinn; 33.)3'1
trade, transport, services; 2.9r; other
Organized labor: t{. ?I i of labor (elect,
GOVERNMENT
Legal name: Stall- of Brunei
Type: British prnlvetorate: constitutional sultanate
(;upilull Il;uuiur Si',) Itl?f,utsnn
Political sul-divisionst 4 till fill llltitfill ive districts
Legal systems IIIIN'Ii fill I?.Innllr low; cnnstttuliuu
prnnudf!Mlyd by 1111. S1111,11t In 1959
Ilranc'hrsl chief of slide Is Soll,tn (udviscd Ilv
uppttlt111.41 l'es's (:iut14'tll slut :lpptllftls I':sl?1?ullvr
(:itlrtcil 111141 I,cf;islMllve (:utlocd
Govrnunrnt traded Sullen I ln%%noal Bolklah
Sullraget unlvcrsnl Mitt 21 Marl over; 3-tiered sssll m
of Inrlilcct 1?Icutiom, pupttl:tr yule list fur Iuac%I Irvin
(tilslrlct councilors)
I':Ic'clions: iusl cleitiuns 11/uch Intl,; Iurlhcr
rirctlolls pnslpuurd lodeflnilcls
Political parties ant) Leaders: :utllf,uvcrnrnrvtt,
"silyd Itnnn?i I'rnple's ratty, (:Iuliromo r1 \1. N,
1 r,llturi
Conununistst information not availabic
ECONOMY
GNP: $177 million (14)71 (-%t, ), $1x1:31) pct c:rpitu;
:avcrnf;l? annual f,rossih rule (lull!)-71) (it'
Agriculture: main crops -- rubber, rice, pclrprr,
nulsl import most loon
Major industry: cnldc petouleum, natural gas
Electric power: 111.1X111 W. capacity (147.1); 211)
million W.-hr. produced (14711. 1.351 W.-hr. per
capita
Exports: SI67 million (f.o.b. 1472); !Ili!'(' t'nulr
prtrilcunl
hoports: 8107 million (c.i.f. 147"); 17'1 machinery
and transport caluipn14'n1.:10'i manufactured goods,
4'i boat
Major trade partners: csporls of crude prtrolcnrn
to Japan; imports from Japan :30'7. I' S. 21`7. 1.'.h.
15'7, Singapnn' 4'i
Monetary conversion rate: 2.:>1 itnmci cfol-
I:a rs -1 551
Fiscal year: calrud:r vicar
COMMUNICATIONS
Railroads: (3 mi. n: rrosc gag.' (211)
Highways: 754) mi.; 2:.31 ill paned (bituminous
to u1cd1, 2,1111141. gravel ur stone, ^-(iii tni. uninlprlrvcti
Inland waterways: 1:3(1 mi.; navigable Icy craft
drawing Less than ?1 ft.
Ports: 2 minor (Bandar Scri Begawan. former.
Ilrunei, and Kuala I3ulait )
Pipelines: crude nil, 44 mi.; refined prn(nt?ts? 35
fill.; natural gas, 35 Ili.; crude oil and natural gas. IN)
rill. under construction
Civil air: no rnajur transport aircraft
Airfields: :3 total. 3 usable; 2 with permant?nt-
surface rutmay; I with runway over 12,(XX) ft.; 2 slats
nnlsv:acs 1,(X)0.7,444 ft.
Approved For Release 2002/07/03 : CIA-RDP86T00608R000600100003-3
 Appproved For Release 2002/07/03 : CIA-RDP86T00608R000600100003-3
July 19711
1'eleconununicalionsr wr'i't' Ihroughoul cmurtry
is ntlctlmity for present needs; iotemulional service
good to a(Ijaeent Sahnh and Sarawak; r;e:linbt 1(1(.llst
coverage good; 7,788 telephones; 21),00( nalio and
3,11130 esl, ?1?V sets; Itadlo Brunei broadva0% from :1
AM, I I'M, and I 'I'V station
DE' FE' N SE FORCE'S
Military numpowcr nudes 15.49. 37,(300; 22,111113
fit for nrflilurv service; about 1,000 reach military agv
(18) nnnruiIIv
LAND
?12,8013 set. mi.; .11 "F arable. I I `'r other agricultural,
331,' forested, I5"r other
land boundaries: 1,170 mi.
WATER
Limits of territorial waters (claimed): 12 n. mi.
Coastline: 220 mi.
PEOPLE
Population: 8,7.1!,!X)0. :average annual growth rate
0.7?7 (current)
Nationality. now:-Ilulgarian(s); adjective-
Bulgarian
Ethnic divisions: 85.3`'1 Bulgarians, 8.5fi Turks,
2.Vi Gypsies, 2.5`,11 Macedonians, 0.3`,'x, Armenians,
0.2", Russians, 0.(ifb other
Religion: regime promotes atheism; religious
background of population is 85% Bulgarian
Orthodox, 135, Muslim, 0.85 Jewish, 0.7i, Roman
Catholic, 0.5"b Protestant, Gregorian-Arnneoian and
other
Language: Bulgarian; secondary languages closely
correspond to ethnic breakdown
Literacy: 957,o (est.)
Labor force: 1,(3 million () uly 1073); ;1'2",;
agriculture, ;33''" htdmlry, 35;'; other
GOVE,IINMlINT
Legal namet Peoples Itepuhhr of Bulgoria
Type: CI lot lilt nlst dealt'
Capital Soilyn
Political .subdivisions: 28 okrugs (districts),
including, capital city of Sofia:
Legal system: based on civil law system, with
Soviet Iaw influence; new constitution mlopled in
1971; judicial review of legislative acts in the State
Council; legal education at University of Sofiya; has
accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction
Branches: legislative (National Assennhly), Council
of Ministers, judiciary
Government leaders: Tudor %hivkov, (Iminoan,
State Council (President and chief of state); Slanko
'I?odorov, (:hairnan, Council of Ministers (premier)
Suffrage: universal and compulsory overage 18
Elections: theoretically held ever' S sears for
National Assembly: last eleclious held oa 27 )un(-
1971; 99,8.."; of the electorate voted
Political parties and leaders: Bulgarian (:out-
monist Party, ?I?o(lor Zhivkov, first Secretary;
liulg;erian National Agrarian (!nion, it puppet party,
l'elur 'I?;uufiev, secretary
Communists: 700,000 party members (April 1971 )
Mass organizations and front groups: Fatherland
I'ront. Dimitrov Communist Youth League, Central
Council of Trade Unions, National Committee for
Defense of Peace, Union of Fighters Against F;uc?istn
and (apitalisnn, Committee of Bulgarian Women,
All-National Committee for Bulgarian-Soviet
Friendship
Member of: (:I?MA, GA'I??1? (observer), IAI?A,
ICAO, 11,0, IMCO, 1"111, Seabeds Committee, U.N.,
UNI?SCO, UI'U, WIID, WMO, Warsaw Pact,
International Organization of Journalists, Interna-
tional Medical Association, International Radio ;lit(]
Television Organization
ECONOMY
GNP: $17.6 billion, 1971 (at 1973 prices), $2.020
per capita; 1974 growth rate 65r
Agriculture: mainly self-sufficient; main crops -
grain, vegetables; c'aloric' int,?eke, 3,000 calories per
clay per capita (1969/70)
Fishing: catch 108,000 metric tons (1972)
Major industries: agricultural processing, machin-
ery, textiles and clothing, mining, ore processing,
timber
Shortages: some raw materials, metal products,
incat and dairy products; fodder
Crude steel: 2.2 million metric tons produced
(1973), 260 kg. per capita
Approved For Release 2002/07/03 : CIA-RDP86T00608R000600100003-3
 Approved For Release 2002/07/03 : CIA-RDP86T00608R000600100003-3
Exports: $3,838 million (f.o.b., 1974); In I974,'I196
machinery, equipment, and transportation ctluip-
rm nl; 17% fuels, minerals, raw materials, metals, and
other industrial material; 3% agricultural raw
materials: 2956 foodstuffs, raw materials for food
industry, and aniuuds; I0% industrial consumer goods
Imports: $4,283 million (f.o.b., 1974); in 1974, 42%
uachinery, cquipntrnt, and transportation equip-
ment; 37% fuels, minerals, raw materials, n:et::ls,
other materials; 8% agricultural raw materials; 8",7,
foodstuffs and anint,ds; 696 industrial consumer goods
Major trade partners: 27% with nun-Communist
countries; 7356 with Communist countries
Monetary conversion rate: (commercial) 0.97 Ieva,
(noncommercial) 1.2(1 Ieva=US$I (April 1975)
Fiscal year: calendar year; economic data reported
for calendar years except for caloric intake, which is
reported for consumption year I July - 30 June
Note: foreign trade figures were converted at the
1974 rate of 0.97 Ieva=US$1
COMMUNICATIONS
Railroads: 2,796 mi.; about 2,636 mi. stanrlard
gage, 160 mi. narrow gage; 157 mi. double track; 692
mi. electrified; government owned (1971)
Highways: 22,300 mi.; 13,100 mi. paved, 6,100 mi.
crushed stone and gravel, 3,100 mi. earth (1974)
Inland waterways: 300 mi. (1975)
Freight carried: rail - 84.6 million short tons, 11.6
billion short ton/mi. (1974); highway-701.8 million
short torts, 7.3 billion short ton/mi. (1971);
waterway-est. 4.9 million short tons, est. 1.7 billion
short ton/rni. (excl. int'I. transit traffic) (1974)
Ports: 2 major (Varna, Burgas), 5 minor (1975)
Airfields: 394 total; 112 with permanent-surface
runways; 14 with runways 8,000-9,999 It., 25 with
runways 4,000-7,999 ft.; 2 heliports
Civil air: 41 major transport aircraft (1975)
DEFENSE FORCES
Military budget: for fiscal year ending 31
December 1975, est. 549 million leva; about 6% of
total budget
LAND
262,000 sq, mi.; 28% arable, of which 12% is
cultivated, 6256 forest, 10% urban and other (1969)
Land boundaries: 3,630 mi.
WATER
Limits of territorial waters (claimed): 12 n. mi.
Coastline: 1,900 mi.
PEOPLE
Population: 30,429,000, average annual growth
rate 2.3% (7/70-7/73)
Nationality: noun-13urnman(s); adjective-Bur-
mese
Ethnic divisions: 72% Burman, 7%6 Karen, 6%
Shan, 2%6 Kachin, 2%' Chin, 25i, Chines(-, 056 Indian,
6% other
Religion: 85% Buddhist, 15% animist and other
Language: Burmese; minority ethnic groups have
their own languages
Literacy: 70% (official claim)
Labor force: 10 million; 6796 agriculture, 13%
industrv, 20% services, commerce, and transportation
Organized labor: no figure available; old labor
organizations have been disbanded, and government
is forming one central labor organization
GOVERNi.AENT
Legal name: Socialist Republic of the Union of
Burma
Type: republic under new 1974 constitution
Capital: Rangoon
Political subdivisions: seven divisions and seven
constituent states; subdivided into townships, villages,
and wards
Legal system: People's justice system and People's
Courts instituted under 1971 constitution; legal
education at Universities of Rangoon and Mandalay;
has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction
Branches: State Council rules through a Council of
Ministers; People's Assembly has legislative power
Government leader: Chairman of State Council
and President, Ceti. U. Ne Win
Suffrage: universal over age 18
Elections: People's Assembly and local People's
Councils .:icctcd in 1974
Approved For Release 2002/07/03 : CIA-RDP86T00608R000600100003-3
 Approved For Release 2002/07/03 : CIA-RDP86T00608R000600100003-3
Po Iit icnl parties and leaders: governnuvtl-
sponsnred Iturntese Socialist I'rtgnun Party only legal
party
Communists: estimated 5,(8)0.8,000
Other political or pressure groups: I'rople's
Patriotic Party; Kachln Independenev Army; Kama
Nationalist Dolan, several Shan factions
Member oft AI)II, Colombo flan, FAU, GA'I"I',
IAEA, 111111), ICAO, II)A, IF(:, 11111, I1,O, IM(Y),
IM1', Ill), Seabeds (:otnmlttee, U.N., UNI'S(:O,
UI'U, WI10, WM()
ECONOMY
GDP: $2.8 billion (1-*Y74), $90 per capita; real
growth rate 2.776 (1'Y74)
Agriculture: train crops - paddy, sugarcane,
peanuts; almost 10076 self-sufficient; nmsl rice grown
in deltaic land
Fishingu catch 4.16,000 metric tons (1972), $41)
million (1971)
Major industries: agriculturnl processing; textiles
and footwear, wood and wood products; petrolepna
refining
Electric power: 397,((8) kw. capacity (1974); 958
million kw.-hr, produced (1974), 32 kw.-hr. per capita
Exports: $210 million (lo.b., 1974); rice, teak
Imports: $125 million (c.i.f., 1974); machinery and
transportation equipment, textiles, other manufac-
tured goods
Major trade partners: exports - India, Western
Europe, U. K., Japan; imports - Japan, Western
Europe, India, U.K.
Budget: (1'Y75) $351 million revenues; $59.1
million expenditures; $2,13 million deficit; 3056
military, 705; civilian
Monetary conversion rate: 6.239 kyat=US$I
(official)
Fiscal year: I April - 31 March
COMMUNICATIONS
Railroads: 2,041 mi.; 1,971 nil. meter gage, 70 mi.
narrow gage industrial lines; 20.1 rni. double track;
government owned
Highways: 15,566 mi.; 6.5.S3 mi. paved, 4,449 mi.
gravel, 4,564 mi. unimproved earth
Inland waterways: 8,000 mi.; 2,0(X) mi. navigable
by large commercial vessels
Ports: 4 major, 6 minor
Civil air: 15 major transport aircraft
Airfields: 96 total, 80 usable; 24 with perrnanent-
surface runways; 2 with runways 8,000-11,999 ft., 38
with runways 4,000-7,999 ft.
Telecommunications: provide minimurn require-
ments for local intercity service; international service
is fair; radiobroadcast coverage is limited to the more
populous areas; 29,411 telephones; (127,008 radio, and
no '1'V sets; I AM, I I' M, and no TV stallons
BUJ..U:"DI
LAND
11,(8)0 sq. n:i.; about 3776 arable (about (i(i;r
cultivated), 23% pasture, 10% scroll wad forest, 301,'t,
other
Land boundaries: 605 mi.
PEOPLE
Population: 3,777,(XX), average annual growth rate
2.4% (7/70-7/73)
Nationality: noun-Burundian(s); adjective-
13urundlan
Ethnic divisions: Africans - 86% Ilutu (Bantu),
13% Tutsi (liamitic), 1% Twa (Pigrnv); non-Africans
incltide (late 1968) 3,0(X) Europeans. 1,000 Asians
Religion: over 60% Christian (50% Catholic, 105%
Protestant); rest mostly animist plus small number of
Muslims
Languaget Kirundi and French official
Literacy: about 55% in Kirundi, 10% in Swahili,
and 6% in French
Labor force: 1,865,471 (1970 est.)
Organized labor: sole group is the Union of
Burundi Workers (UTB), membership about 30,000,
affiliated with government party
GOVERNMENT
Legal name: Republic of Burundi
Type: republic; military government since
November 1966; no constitution; new constitution
being drafted
Capital: Bujumbura
Political subdivisions: 8 provinces, subdivided into
18 arrondissements and 78 communes
Approved For Release 2002/07/03 : CIA-RDP86T00608R000600100003-3
 Approved For Release 2002/07/03 : CIA-RDP86T00608R000600100003-3
)uly 197."-
Legal tystetrll lu,?,rd on (;.,adorn and l'Ieneh civil
codl's and (?nstorrmty law. has not uec(?plr(I
c?ominlls(ry I( :j l11ris(II('t11,0
Bratrl'hest I'r-?sldrnlltl (:nltinct willr (:ounril ul
Mlnlslrrs; no Irglshtlur,
Government leaden I'n'sld,nt V-1011-1 Mlcolnlu?to,
Ic?l'lrcll'd by Marl)' for srvl'n year Irtrll In ( ctob(?r
197'i
1:lectionsr last l(?-;IsIutlv(? l'lectlort play I965
Political parties and leadcrst Notional Party ill
Unity and Progress ('1I'l1ONA), it prednntinturtly
'I'ulsl party, was drelarl'd Noll' Iegilhnale party in I9titi
(ornnuutists: ro (:ontrumnist party; rctilunrtl
diplomatic relallnm wlilt 'I'lo? 11rnplrs Ilepubiie of
(alma in October 1971 following it six-vvar
suspcosioo; U, S. S. It. and North horca have
diplomatic :nisslom In Ilur(rndl
Member of: AI'I)It. I':AMA, l'(:A, 111111), ICAO,
I1,0, IMO, OAU, II.N,. I'NI?:S(:o, WI10, WMO
ECONOMY
GNP: abort $227 trillion (1972 gist, ), $60 per (?apila
Agriculture: major cash crops - coffee, cotton:
main food crops ?- tttnlo(, yams, corn, sorghums,
bamttu, haricot bl'ans; not %elf-snffic?i,nl
industries: light consrrner goods such as bl'veragl's.
she ":, Sotyr
Electric power: I3,1(N) kw. capacity (1974); 26
trillion kw.-hr. produced (1971), 7 kw.-hr. pl'rcapita
Exports: $31) million (f.o.b., 197.1); coffee, cotton.
hides, skins
Imports: $43 million (c.i.f., 197.1); Icxtil's,
fl'odslulfs, trutsport l'ouipmr'nt. pelrol(otnr products
Major trade partners: U.S., Congo;
nmrch trade untecordrd
Aid: $17.7 million (1970) includes I)elgiunl $7.?1
million, U.N. $3.1 million, EDP $2.9 million; France
$2.0 million (1970); U.S. $10 million 11Y6l-73
Budget: FY72 - n?venue $32 million, current
expenditure $29 million. investment expenditor, $2
million
Monetary conversion rate: 78.80 Ituruntli
francs=US$1 (official)
Fiscal year: calendar ye:(r
COMMUNICATIONS
Railroads: none
Highways: 3,700 mi.; 338 nti. bituminous,
renmin(Ier crushed stone, gravel, laterite, and
improved or unimproved earth
Inland waterways: Lake Tanganyika navigable for
lake steamers and barges
forts: 1 minor lake
Civil a:.-: 2 major transport aircraft
Airlirld,o I:! total, 12 usubll', I sill' P" flit' '"'"I
stufac(? nnnsal', I ssllh nn-svav 8,1)(X) I I,11!)') It.
'l'elceontr-rtn-ivalionsr Irlcy,IitIrh is I(lir,cip;tl
N?IVic(?, (lnllird I(?Iepllonrs; .1,801! Iclcltlrnnc:, 111(1,111(1
radio mc,lvurs; 2 AM, I I`10, anti no 'I''s' Mnlloos
DEIFENSE FORCE'S
Military manpower: males 15 111, 8480111; IIi1,111X)
Ill for mllllLuy service; 410X) reach mllllurv aye (Ili)
nntmtalls'
Military budgclt for flsc(d vrar oaths; ;11
December 11)71, $8,1110000; (dtoul 212,6,; of onliuarv
budgl'l
CAMBODIA
LAND
70,000 sq. mi.; Itiri cultivated, 74"1 forrsll'd. IV;
built-on aura, wasteland, and other
Land boundaries: 1,313 mi.
WATER
Limits of territorial waters (claimed): 12 if. mi.
Coastline: about 275 mi.
PEOPLE
Population: 7,634,0)0, average annual growth rate
2.2!7i (7/68-7/69)
Nationality: notill -C;unhodian(s) or Khmer
(sing., pl.); adjective-Cambodian or Klunrr
Ethnic divisions: 89'7 Khmer (Cambodian), 3:3(J per capita; 63.6";
prisate cousungetin??, 21 N'; gross inyeslm?':?I, I1.:3";
guvemntcnl, net foreign balance - 1.7'; (197:3
pnwisieen:alI; 11)72 gnrsvlh rule 3.2";, 1973 growth rate
3.1'7, 1963 comtunt price's
Agriculture: irnporttml producer of fruits ;.red
vege'table's; Hain crops - cer(.als, potlatov%. Oliv(.s;
95'; scif-suffit?ie'eeI food shortage's -- fats, meat, fish,
antd eggs; c;duric Inlake', 3,1(X) :adoriv% per capita
(197(1)
Fishing: catch 462,IXX) nnelric? tans (1973), $336
million (1973); espurts $29 million (197:3), imports
$232 million ( 1973)
Major industries: nnaehiru'ry ;nod Irunsporhelion
e(jniptnmt, iron land steel, chemicals, food procc%% leg,
textiles
Shortages: cocel, fuels, minerals
Crude steel: 21 million in?lric tuns prudoced
(1973), 380 kilogr;uns per capita
Electric power: 39,768,((X) kw, capacity (1973);
1.5.5 billion kw.-Irr. preeduced (1973). 2,350 kw.-h r.
per capita
Approved For Release 2002/07/03 : CIA-RDP86T00608R000600100003-3
 Approved For Release 2002/07/03 : CIA-RDP86T00608R000600100003-3
July 11175
I;xporI%I $10.3 Wlllon (L1( l-? pllni'lpr,l ill-111N
11i4chincrv rural lrnmporl cilulpnavit, (.'0114's,
li,iIstiiIls, chcmlcnlr, foot rear
Imporrst $10.1) Irllllun 11174); principal 11i?11is
muchlncry and Irumpcrrl t?ip:ipini?nt, (oodslulls,
(.'rerans and nmi(etrnm n1(lals, ssool, .'ration,
pclrolctun
Major trade partnerst (11)73) I?;(:-nine (21';
West (i.'-tnwiy, I5'i trance, 5''; Netherhu(ls, 4'i
135 (V.luni?laiwcnihourgl; ?1' Ssvll zcrhuul; 8'i 1',S.; 5!;
I ,S,S.II. and other Cnnnnunisl cnnnlties of I?:slcm
1-.ramp.'
Aide ecualonllc -- (I,S., $1.I3$ million (11'?I(i?7:3),
$78.2 tnillinn authorized I' 1'7:3: I111(1), $398 million
authorized through 11'73, notie duce 11'(13:
Internaltonul Finance Cofporatltm. $1 million
aftthoriz.'d throtigh 1172. none sine.' IY60; mlliturv
-U.S.. $2,402 million (FY4(i?73), $11.6 million
authnrizvd In I'Y73
Monetary conversion rate: Smllhscmlan rate as of
Uccenib.'r 1973, 6.41.?1 lira-(IS$I; average of I'ridav
closing rates In 11)7.1 to April - G17 lira - US$2
Fiscal yeah calendar year
COMMUNICATIONS
Railroads: I2,837 iii.; 9,4(17 nth, government
nwncd; 9.805 Ini, standard gag(.; I,1)1)i nil, electrified;
102 mi. narrow gage (311."); 2.951) mi. non-
govenunent owned; 1,567 iii. st:11ulard gage; 71)4 nil.
electrified; 1,383 mi. narrow gage; 323 mi electrified
Ilighways: 179,1)4)1) mi.; antmhrude 30O iii., state
highways 25.73( mi., provincial highways 57,0(() nit.,
c?otntniuial highways 14.250 mi.; 1:59,000 mi.
concrete, bituminous, or sh(n.' block. I5,10) mi.
gravel and crushed stone, 4.34(1 mi. iartli
Inland waterways: 1,338 mi. navigable routes; 708
mi. rivers, 529 mi. canals, 307 mi. are I ike routs
Pipelines: crude nil, I,1(() nri.; refined products,
18(1 rnl.; natural gas, (5,8(14 mi.
Ports: 16 major, 22 significant minor
Civil air: 1.13 major Iranspiirt aircraft
Airfields: 149 total, 149 usable; 78 with
pernimu ent-surface runways; 2 with runways over
12,((0 It.. 29 with runways 1,999 It., ?12 with
runways 4,((0.7,999 ft.; 11 seaplane stations
Telecommunications: well engineered, well
cvmstrftcted. amt efficiently operated; 13.?I million
telephones; 13 million radio and 12 million TV
receivers: 82 AN1, 605 FM, and 872 ?I?V stations; 11
coaxial submarine cables; 3 ccuntnunicatiori satellite
ground stations
DEFENSE FORCES
Military manpower: males 15-49. 13,8.11,((0;
11.586.000 Fit for military service; .123,((0 reach
military age (18) annually
IVORY COAST
I.AND
125,0()4) sit. Inf.; 40'; lutist and ssnrnllrincl, 8~i
cultivated. 52"i grazing. fallow. and 5%aste, 2(X) nri, of
lagoons ,111(1 connccling canal.:dnng castc?m coast
Lund bounlarie%: 2,105 mi.
WATER
Limits of territorial waters (claimed): (i If. iii.
(fishing 12 if mi.)
Coastline: :32_0 mi.
PEOPLE
Population: ?1,883,1(() (restdcnt Africim population
only), avvnig.':irinaal gro%sih rate 2.655 (current)
Nationality: noun-Ivuri:ui(s ; adjective- Ivorian
Ethnic divisions: 7 nw(ar hulig.'nurrs ethnic
groups; no single tribe more thati 20"5 of population;
nmst itnpott:uil arc Agnl, Banule, Kroft, Senoufnft,
\landingo; approx. I tnillinn foreign Africans, mostly
1'ollaics; about 13:3,0()4) inn-Africans (25,1(() French)
Religion: (i(i'; animist, 22Ci Muslim, 12'';
Christian
Language: French official, over 60 nalivi dialed s,
Dtoula Inosl widely spoken
Literacy: about 201;
Labor force: over 85'; of piliatioti engaged in
agriculture. forestry, livestock raising; about II'; of
labor force are wage earners, nearly half in agricul-
ture. retnainler in government, industry, commerce.
and professions
Organized labor: 201f of wage labor force
GOVERNMENT
Legal name: Republic of Ivory Coast
Type: republic. one-party presidential regime
established 1960
Capital: Abidjan
Approved For Release 2002/07/03 : CIA-RDP86T00608R000600100003-3
 Approved For Release 2002/07/03 : CIA-RDP86T00608R000600100003-3
IVORY G(MS7'/JAMAI( A
1'ollliea) sulydivislonst ','?1 dtytat,ti ' my sulydivldetl
belie 127 vubprefeclnurs
IA-gal systrrut based lilt I'rrncln clvll hew svslt?nt
afitl cuslotfitry Ittt; cofistNmt:ar, urluiNrr) I96(1,
tunrnrlrtl 19(3; lurllrhil rrsIvss In III' (:unslitIII ioltaI
(:ham110rr of 1111, soliff,1111, (:ortrl; 11-pill f-docalloll III
Alrtrllun School of buss; lure not arcepled cntnpnlsory
I(:j j1111sdlc9nm
Brancltrst l'resldrnt has ssvrr?plsg powers,
unlctmrrnl Irl"lslutrm?, separate lmdiclary
Government leader: I'o?sldwml Frllx Ilouphone1-
I44 )lglty
Sulfrage: universal over age 21
I:Irctionst rmrnntrslrrl I'rrsitle;rtlnl rend Irl;lshmtIs.
elections hrid lit Ntiv.tther 197(1 for 3?suur term
Political parties and Ieaderst hull Driiiiecriffl(lot,
de la Cole d'Ivolrr (I'D(a-(oltly party); offlclal party
Irader Is Secretary General I'hlllppe face, but
Ilouphnurt?Hoigny Is In control
Cotnmmdsts: no (:onultmnlst party; posslbl'; Bonne
v~mpulhlrrrs
Member of: A(:(:'1'. AI'I)It, (:I:A0, :AMA. E(:A.
Entente. I-AO, IAKA, I11111). l(:AO 11.0, IM(:O,
111 P, 111!, Niger River Comunissinn, OA U, 0(:A11,
Seabeds Gornrnltlre. U.N.. UNKS(:O, 1.11'11, WI1O,
WMO
ECONOMY
GDP: $2.1 billion (I973), $41111 per capita; average
annual growth rate- in cormnt prices, $ M r
Agriculture: commercial - e?offre, sstKKl, cocoa,
bananas, pineapples, palm oil; food crops -. con:,
millet, yarns, rice; other cotmmua{tics - cotton,
ribber. tohac?cu, fish; self-sufficient in tnmt
luiKlstmffs, but rice, sugar, am(1 treat imported
Fishing: catch 72.4X1 metric' tons (1972);
nillliun, exports $2.6 million (1970), imnporis $3.2
trillion (1971)
Major industries: God arid lumber processing, till
refitiery, witotmtbilc assembly plant. Iextilcs, soap.
flour mill, taatcites, Three small shipyards, fertilizer
plant, and battery factory
Electric power: 3710X) kw. capacity (1971); 788
million kw.-hr. produced (197.1), 163 kss?.-hr. per
capita
Exports: $8:77 million (f.o.b., 1973); coffer, tropical
stands. cocoa, 70r of total; hanana%. pineapples,
pats oil
Imports: $707 million (c.i.f., 1973); consumer
goods about ?10%. raw materials and fuels I0";,
manufactured goods acrid semi-finished pro ducts.
about 50 %
Major trade partners: France and other EC
countries about 63 r, U.S. 13%. Communist countries
about I9 %
July 1976
Aide r?comomtlt? -- I'ntuit' (19(i(I?b11) $312 nnil)Ion;
?(: $1411 m{Illo,, Iluruny,h F1'147:h It-S. (I1'(i1-731,
$114 n:llllou: nlhr rs (111(ill?7I ), $7(7 ntllllon, {nrltullny,
418,5 m{llinn conunl11et1; no (:rtutmunlvl ald
programs; null{jury--nun'(:onutnutlsl countrlus. $7.3
tn{Illun (1911.67 )
Rudgeti 11177 est. rrrenurs $925 mllion, rurrrnl
rsptvul{Imres $:',N7 nullllom, Investment rsimnditurrs
93:111 tnllllnn
Monetary 'onverslon rain tutu it 216 (:om?
mutamtt? i'inartclert? A(rlcalne (notes--11541, January
11)75; Iloatiug saner Fehrutrv 11173
Fiscal Years enIi'm lur year
COMMUNICATIONS
Railroads: 498 ml. III the 728 fill. Ahitllarr Ill
Omagadoltglet. Uppr?t Volta life(,, sill single track limiter
gage; only diesel locmnutlives In ow
ilighways: 24,6(10 ml.; 1,015 fill. lilt if otl little-. and
l{lumlmnns?smrface Irealma?nl; 21,345 tni. gravel,
crushed stone, hilerity, and Impntsetl earth; 12,(3(X)
fill. mm{m9mtved earth roads
Inland waterways: -Kill ml, mtvit;ahle rivers :mntl
nmmennts coastal lagoons
Ports: 2 major (Abidjan, Sale f'rtlro), 3 minor
Civil air: 1.1 major tnmaport alrc?raft
Airfields: ?1:3 total. 43 msablr; 3 slab prrtnanrnt-
surface ntnways; 2 ssith rnnsva)s 800- 11,999 (rt?t; 8
svith runways 4007,999 furl; I seaplane station
Telecommunications: syslrm tidy slightly above
African average; consists of open-ss?{m lines and radio
relay links. which provide ineotnplrle coverage of
country; Abidjan is only c?cmtrr; 23,2(X) teiephmrm's;
202,(XX) radio and 1(X),(XX) TV m cc iven; 3 AM, 2 F.M.
and ?1 TV stations; 2 smhmerine cables: satellite earth
station
DEFENSE FORCES
Military manpower: mules 15.19, I,(Xi0.(X)0;
.i53,(XX) fit for military service; 570)11 mattes reach
military age (18) altnmally
JAMAICA
LAND
4,4If) sq. rni.; 21% arahic, 23!i meadows and
pastures, 19r forested. 37!'7 waste, urban, or (,,her
WATER
Limits of territorial waters (claimed): 12 if. tni.
Coastline: 635 fill.
PEOPLE
Population: 2,053,(XX). average ;emutal growth rate
1.9% (7/71-7/73)
Approved For Release 2002/07/03 : CIA-RDP86T00608R000600100003-3
 Approved For Release 2002/07/03 : CIA-RDP86T00608R000600100003-3
July 1075
fill[
NICA tUA
(:to It III III ists: a It?ss II IIIIIIrs.11 Murxlsl nod
(:1 Otl11111111N syoII)it 1111let s
Other pin ideal or pressure grnupst New World
(Troup ((:urUtbeut, r?glotwlisls, nationailsls, Ilml lelllst
Itildleeloul Itats'rnitv); Illlstnltlrhlns (Ns'yro rt?liglous/
rot l it culllsts, pun?Afticanlsls); Nt?w (:rwlinn
Inls'rnaUonul l's'ncs'aaukers 'I'aberuneh (leftist grotp)
Member oft (:Alto OM, FA( , l;A'I??I', IAEA,
111111), Is AO, II (:, ILO, IMF, OAS, I'un American
Ilt?ullh Orguniiallot, Seulteds (:otnntiltrr, U.N.
ECONOMY
GUI': $1,406 mllllor, (14171), $720 per capita; real
growth rant' 14)71, 5'4 est.
Agriculture: nulls crops -- suyurs'ant?, citrus frolls.
IaIwIIas, pitnetlln, cos'taltllc, ,,()flee, ctu?ou
Major Ili(llist ries: hauxilt? nIIto ing. testiles, foot)
processlrig, light tnutlll(aetltrt?s, tourism
Electric power) :>J sn:
Mtudiri LANKA
Sear
MALDIVES:,
Indian Ocean
LAND
115 sq. mi.; 2,000 islands grouped into 12 atolls,
about 220 islands inhabited
Approved For Release 2002/07/03 : CIA-RDP86T00608R000600100003-3
 Approved For Release 2002/07/03 : CIA-RDP86T00608R000600100003-3
July 1975
WA'I'T-,R
Limits of territorial waters (claimed): the land
and sea I-ehveet! lallludes 7"O'N, and 0"45'S? and
oetween longitudes 72?80'1:. and 73"?!8'1?; thew
coordinates form it rrctau gh' of approximately 37,00(
sq, it. till.; Ierritoriul sea ranges fruit: 2.75 to 55 it, ml.
Coastlines 4(8) till, (approx.)
PEOPLE
Populations 130,0(8), average annual growth rate
290 (current)
Nationality: noun-Maldivian(s); adjective-
Maldivian
Ethnic divisions: admixtures of Sinhalese,
Dravidian, Arab and Negro
Religion: Official Sunni M aslirtI
Language: Divehi (dialect of Sinhalu)
Literacy: largely illiterate
Labor force: fishing industry employs most of the
nude population
GOVERNMENT
Legal name: Republic of Maldives
Type: republic
Capital: Mule
Political subdivisions: 19 administrative districts
corresponding to atolls
Legal system: based on Islamic law with
admixtures of English common law primarily
in commercial matters; has not accepted compulsory
ICj jurisdiction
Branches: popularly elected unicameral national
legislature (Mujlis) (members elected for 5-year
terms); elected President, chief executive; appointed
Chief justice responsible for administration of Islamic
law
Government leader: President Ibrahim Nasir
Suffrage: universal over age 21
Political parties and leaders: no organized
political parties; country governed by the Didi clan
for the past eight centuries
Communists: negligible number
Member of: Colombo Plan, U.N.
ECONOMY
GNP: under $100 per capita
Agriculture: crops - coconut and millet; shortages
- rice, wheat
Fishing: catch 69,200 metric tons (1972)
Major industries: fishing; some coconut processing
Electric power: 2,500 kw. capacity (1974); 9
million kw.-hr. produced (1974), 76 kw.-hr. per capita
Exports: $2.4 million (f.o.b., 1968); fish
Imports: $2 million (c.i.f., 1968)
Major trade partner: Sri Lanka
Aids 11, K? (1110(1.65), $1.4 million dnnvn; Sri Lanka
(1067), $1 million voiniollti-d
Monetary conversion rater 6,39 rupees- US$1
Fiscal years calendar year
COMMUNICATIONS
Railroads: nom'
highways: none
Ports: 2 minor
Civil air: 2 major tnu:sporl aircraft
Airfields: 2 total, 2 usable; 2 with perrnantv:t-
surface runways; I with runway 8,000.11,099 ft., 1
with runway 4,000.7,999 ft.
Telecommunications: minimal domestic and
International teleconllnunicalloll facilities; 300
telephones; 2,3(8) radio sets; I AM station
LAND
465,000 sq. mi.; only about a fourth'of aura arable,
forests negligible, rest sparse pasture or desert
Land boundaries: 4,635 mi.
PEOPLE
Population: 5,622,000, average annual growth rate
2.3% (7/72-7/73)
Nationality: noun-Malian(s); adjective-Malian
Ethnic divisions: 99% native African including
tribes of both Berber and Negro descent
Religion: 90% Muslim. 9% animist, 1% Christian
Language: French official; several African
languages, of which Mande group most widespread
Literacy: under 5%
rL b r force: approximately 100,000 salaried,
50,000 of whom are employed by the government;
most of population engaged in agriculture and animal
husbandry
Approved For Release 2002/07/03 : CIA-RDP86T00608R000600100003-3
 Approved For Release 2002/07/03 : CIA-RDP86T00608R000600100003-3
Organized labor: (IN'I'M, which clalmed all
eligible etnpioyces, dissolved; tl:lrlectt national unlons
carnally directed by it government controllwl
Courdlnalloo (:omntittee of Mall Trade Anions
(CCSM
GOVERN MEN'!'
Legal auntie: Republic of Mal!
'T'ype: repit bIIc; under :ollitit ry regime since
Novcrrnhcr 1968
Capitals Bamako
Political subdivisions: (i administrative regions; .12
ad inlnist rat lye districts (cercles), armndisswnncnls,
vlllugcs; all subordinate to central governtncrtt
Legal system: based on French civil law system
and customary lase; constitution adopted 1960,
atncmletl 196$; Judicial review of Iegislativc acts In
Coostitolional Section of Court of Stale; has not
accepted compulsory ICJ Jurisdiction
Branches: executive authority exercised by Military
Committee of National Liberation (MCNI) coin-
posed of I I array officers; under MCNI, functional
cabinet congwse(I of civilians and army officers;
judiciary
Government leaders: Col. Moussa 'I'raore,
president of MCNL, Chief of State and head of
government
Suffrage: universal over age 21
Political parties and leaders: political activity
proscribed by military government
Elections: NI CNI, promises elections at unspecified
date
Communists: a few Communists and some
sympathizers
Member of: ACCT, AFI)B, CEAO, ECA. FAO,
IAEA, ICAO, ILO, IMF, ITU, Niger River
Cornrnission, OAU, OMVS, Seabeds Committee,
U.N., UNESCO, UPU, WHO, WMO
ECONOMY
GDP: about $375 million est. (1974), $70 per
capita; annual growth rate probably negligible since
1972
Agriculture: main crops - millet, sorghum, rice,
corn, peanuts; cash crops - peanuts, cotton, livestock
Fishing: catch 90,0)0 metric tons (1971) exports
$670,000 (1971)
Major industries: small local consumer goods and
processing
Electric power: 27,000 kw. capacity (1974); 60
million kw.-hr. produced (1974), 10 kw.-hr. per capita
Exports: $60 million (f.o.b., 1974); livestock,
peanuts, dried fish, cotton, skins
Imports: $183 million (c.i.f., 1974); textiles,
vehicles, petroleum products, machinery, and sugar
July 1975
Major trade purlnersr nmslly with franc zoac nod
Wcstcrtt Europe; also wllh 11?S.S?It?, (:Firm
Budgeti 197.1 est. - receipts $51 million. current
expenditures $61) mllllon
Monetary conversion rater 432,41 Mali francs.
US$I, January 1975
Fiscal ycart calen(lar year
COMMUNICA'T'IONS
Railroads: ?100 till. taoler gage
Iliglrways: approxinwlcly 8.20( nil.; 1,010 mi.
hitunninous, 1.050 ml. Improved earth, (1,140 mi.
unimproved earth
Inland waterways: 1,141 nni. navigairle
Civil air: 4 major transport aircraft
Airfields: 42 total, 38 osahle; 7 with pennauent-
surface runways; 2 with runway 8,000.11,999 ft., I I
with runways 4,000.7,991) ft.
Telecommunications: system poor and provides
only minhmnn service to government, business, and
public; open-wire and radiocorannunicatitm used for
long (distance telecomtnuuicatious; radio sometimes
only link to outlying points; 7,800 telephones; 75,000
radio receivers; 2 AM, no FM, and no 'I'V stations
DEFENSE FORCES
Military manpower: males 15-?19, 1.340,000;
732,(x)(1 fit for military service; no conscription
Military budget: for fiscal year ending 31
December 1973, $9,951,042; about I6.7i of total
budget
LAND
121 sq? rni.; 45'9 agricultural, negligible amount
forested, remainder urban, waste, or other (1965)
Approved For Release 2002/07/03 : CIA-RDP86T00608R000600100003-3
 Approved For Release 2002/07/03 : CIA-RDP86T00608R000600100003-3
July 1975
WATI-,R
Limits of territorial waters (claimed): 6 it, till.
(fishing 12 if. till.)
Coastline: H7 fill,
1'F,OPLE
Population: 32208) (official estimate for 31)
September 1974
Nationality: Hor:-Maltese (sing. and pi.);
atljectlve-Maltese
Ethnic divisions: mixture of Aral), Sicilian,
Norman, Spanish, Italian, lirilish
Religions 98% Iionian Catholic
language: English and Maltese
Literacy: about 1339(11; compulsory education
introduced In 194(3
Labor forcer 107,500; 2995 services, 23,,
government, 24% nW nufacl a ri rig, 6% fig ricull tire, 4%
construction, 4% transportation and communications,
5% utilities and drydocks; 5% unemployed
Organized labor: approximately 35% of labor force
GOVERNMENT
Legal name: Republic of Malta
Type: parliamentary democracy, Independent
republic within the Commonwealth since December
1974
Capital: Valletta
Political subdivisions: 2 main populated islands,
Malta and Cozn, divided into 10 electoral districts
(divisions)
Legal system: based on English common law;
constitution adopted 1961, came into force 1964; has
accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdication. with
reservations
Branches: executive, consisting of prime minister
and cabinet; legislative, comprising 55-member
Ilouse of Representatives; independent judiciary
Government leader: Prime Minister Dom Mintoff
Suffrage: universal over age 21; registration
required
Elections: at the discretion of the ('rime Minister,
but must be held before the expiration of a 5-year
electoral mandate; lust election June 1971
Political parties and leaders: Nationalist Party,
Georgia Borg Olivier; Malta Labor Party, Dom
Mintoff
Voting strength (1971 election): Labor, 29 seats
(52.7%); Nationalist, 26 seats (47.2%)
Communists: less than 100 (est.)
Member of: Commonwealth, Council of Europe,
FAO, GAIT, ICAO, ILO, IMF, Seabeds Committee,
TDB, U.N., UNESCO, WHO
ECONOMY
GNP: $3111 million (197.1 prelim,). $1,141) per
cupltu; 7(3% private consumption, 24"%% gross
investment
Agriculture: overall, 21)91" self?suffiek'nt; Udetluut.'
supplies of vegetables, poultry. milk rind pork
products; shortages in heel, grain, anltnu) fodder, and
fruits at various seasons; train products - potatoes,
caull(lowers, grapes, wheal, barley, tomatoes, citrus,
cut flowers, greet: peppers, hugs, poultry. eggs; 2,68(
calories per day per capita
Major Industries: strip repair yard, building
Industry, food manufacturing, textiles, tourism
Shortages: most consumer wild Industrial needs
(fuels and raw materials) must be Imported
Electric power: 115,(8)0 kw. capacity (1973); 364.8
million kw.-hr, produced (1973), 980 kw,-hr. per
capita
Exports: $151 trillion 197.1); textiles, scrap
metal, will(,. agricultural products, and footwear
Imports: $510 mlllio , (f.o.b., 1974)
Major trade partners: EC-nine (35% (U? k. 25%,
Italy 15%); U.S. 5%; Communist countries 59; (197.1)
Aid: economic - U.S., $3.1 million (FY?19.73),
$10.5 million in 1972, and $14.9 million in 1973;
Agreement (loans and grunts) (196.1-7.1). $140 million;
U.N. Special Fund, $2.2 million through FY72; U.N.
't'echnical Assistance, $1.4 million through FY72;
China, $45 million (1972)
Monetary conversion rate: I Maltese pound
US$2.67 (Smithsonian Agreement). December 1971;
the Maltese pound began floating in June 1972, with
the rate being determined between that of sterling and
that of the currencies of Multas major trading
partners; average trade conversion factor. December
1974: 1 Maltese pound-US$2.67
Fiscal year: I April - 31 March
COMMUNICATIONS
Highways: 760 mi., 650 nil. paved (asphalt), 80 mi.
crushed stone or gravel, 30 nat. improved and
unimproved earth
Ports: I major (Valletta), 2 minor
Civil air: 2 major transport aircraft (both leased)
Airfields: 4 total, 2 usable; 2 with permanent-
surface runways; 2 with runways 4,000-7,999 ft.; 1
seaplane station
Telecommunications: modern automatic tele-
phone system centered in Valletta; 48,000 telephones;
125,000 radio and 75,000 television receivers; 3 AM. 3
FM, and 1 TV stations; 8 submarine cables, including
I coaxial
DEFENSE FORCES
Military manpower: males 15-49, 89,000; 67,000
fit for military service
Approved For Release 2002/07/03 : CIA-RDP86T00608R000600100003-3
 Approved For Release 2002/07/03 : CIA-RDP86T00608R000600100003-3
AIA/,'/'A/AIAI1 IINIQ14;
Supplyi lulu trceived 2 paLlol Iioals, squill Itrllis, uinl
mortars hrlli I,Iliyu; Vehlclrs 111111 PlIVIIIIII-1 III fill
frmn hilly
t111iiary budgelu for Ilscal yeor endiriK:11 Mar)
1974, $3,730,250. ohoul 2.9i; of central govrrnmrnl
hndgel
MARTINIQUE
LAND
425 sq. mi.; 31i cropland, 16% pasture, 29% forest,
2-M' wasteland, built on
WATER
Limits of territorial waters (claimed): 12 it. nii.
Coastline: I81) nil.
PEOPLE
Population: 347,0(X), average annual growth rate
0.5% (7/70-7/73)
Nationality: noun-M artiniquais (sing, and pl.);
adjectivee-Maartiniquais
Ethnic divisions: 90% African and African-
Caucasia n-Ioclinn mixture, less than 5% East Indian
Lebanese, Chinese, 5%o Cal ticasian
Religion: 95% Roman Catholic, 5S% Ilindu and
pagan African
Language: French. Creole patois
Literacy: over 70%
Labor force: IW,O(X); 23% agriculture. 204, public
services, 11% construction and public works, 10%%
commerce and banking, 10% services, 9% industry,
1745 other
Organized labor: 114 of labor force
GOVERNMENT
Legal name: Overseas Department of Martinique
July 1975
'I'yprr overseas drpurltuenl of Fruact; 11.1 liesvill I'll
by 3 drpullrs In the Fiend, Ntilluiiiil Assrlufils and 2
SPluiltirs Io till, SP IPII t.
(;apilalt Forl?di.I ranee
Political suhdlvlsionir 'l urondlssrtornls. 31
cnnininMPS. each suIth it loyally elected riunicliial
council
Legal systcntr French legal system: highest court is
if court of apptvil based In Morllnltlur with
lurlsdiclloa over (:aadeloupe, I'rrnch Cnlouri, and
Mullinittur
Ilranchesr rsrcolive. prefret uppolnlyd by Tiaras:
Ieglslatlve, popolnrly elected couull of 31i ruemlirrs
and it Regional (;oatuell Iucludlug all turnlbers of the
local geneVUl coutrrll and the locally elected deputies
and se li atars to lilt, Fr4odh parliament: Iuulivitil, under
Iurrlsdictloo of French ludiclul system
Government leader: Prefect Ilrrve Ituursvillrur
Suffrage: unlvrrsal over age IN
Elections: General Council elections cultic kle with
those for Ile French National Asumihly, norunally
every five years; last General Council rlcc?tioii took
plocr In March 1973; last local diction held
Sepleniler 1973, last French Presidential elr",tiout
Marv 1974
Political parties and leaders: Union of Democrats
for tilt- Republic (UDIt), Emile Maurice; I'rogrussiye
Party of Martinique (PPM), Aim.' Crsaire;
Cunrnunist Party of Martinique (I'CM), Annu1(1
Nicolas; Democratic l)nion of Martinique (UI)NI),
Leon-Laurent Valero; Socialist Party. Nader
unknown; Federation of the Left, leader unknown
Voting strength: UDI1. 2 seats in French National
Asscunbly; PPM, I seat (1973 election)
Communists: 1,0(X) estimated
Other political or pressure groups: Proletarian
Action Croup (GAP), Socialist Revolution Croup
(CRS)
ECONOMY
GNP: $339 million (at market prices, 1971), $930
per capita; real growth rate (1971) 8.5%
Agriculture: bananas, sugarcane, and pineapples
Major industries: agricultural processing, par-
ticularly sugar milling and run distillation; crow?nt,
oil refining and tourisin
Electric power: 31,9(X) kw. capacity (1972); 1,13
million kw?.-lies, produced (1972), 370 kw.-hrs. per
capita
Exports: $57 million (f.o.b., 1973), bananas,
refined petroleum products, rum, sugar, pineapples
Imports: $230 million (c.i.f., 1973), foodstuffs,
clotting and other consumer goods, raw materials and
supplies, and pe,roleurn
Approved For Release 2002/07/03 : CIA-RDP86T00608R000600100003-3
 July 1975
Approved For Release 2002/07/03 : CIA-RDP86T00608R000600100003-3
Al.1117'INI!Q1II /MAIIIIII'ANIA
Major trading partnerst exports - Prance X22',
If III y 9' , III her 991 ; In-purls I"ronce 709r, UnUrd
Stabs 6%, Netherlands Anlilies 393., Nethrlland%:M,.
fillip( 18% (11818)
Monetary conversion rater 4.44 Frrnrh from'.-
U41 (11)74)
Fiscal yeari calendar year
COMMUNICATIONS
Rallroadsr nuns
llighways, I,1(N) oil.; (i(X) ml, paved, a(X) nil,
gravel and earth
forts: I major (Fort-de-France), 5 ndnor
Civil alri no major tn-nolxu?t
Airfieldst 3 usable: I with Ix'rnn-nent-surface
runway; I with runway 8,0(,)?11,1)99 ft.; I seaplane
station
Telecommunications: domestic facilities inade-
quate; 27,(0) telephones, Inter-Island VIIF radio
links; satellite earth station; I AM, I IM, and 5''V
stations; about 40,(X)0 radio and 1(3,400 'I'V receivers
DEFENSE FORCES
Military manpower: males 15-49, Included in
France
LAND
419,000 sq. mi. ; less than 1% suitable for crops,
10% pasture, 90% desert
Land boundaries: 3,180 mi.
WATER
Limits of territorial waters (claimed): 30 n. mi.
(fishing, 6 n. mi. exclusive rights, 6 n. mi. contiguous
zone)
PEOPLE
Populations I.32c1,INN), arvemge unnuul yrowlh rule
2.590 (current)
Nationalilyr noun-Maurllanlan(s); adjective--
Maurllonlur
Ethnic divisions, NO!,;, Maur, 2093? Nryro
Rchg:ont orarly 11X191? Musllrn
1.anguagei IIassanlya Arable Is the national
IanKu:tgr spoken by some )6) of file population,
french is the working language for Kovernnuvrl and
cununerce
Llteracyt about 1091
l..abor forcer about I8,0X) wage earners (1973);
remainder of population In fanning and herding
Organized labort I8,(NN) union unvrrbrrs claimed
by single union, Mauritanian Workers' Union
GOVERNMENT
Legal name: Islamic Republic of Mauritania
Type: republic; oar-party presidential rule since
1960
Capital: Nouakchott
Political subdivisions: 12 regions and if capital
district
Legal system: based on French civil law system
and Islamic law; constitution adopted 1961; judicial
review of legislative acts In the Supreme Court; has
not accepted compulsory I(:J jurisdiction
Branches: president; unicanurai National As-
sembly of 50 elected members; svpurate judiciary
(appointed by president)
Government leader: President Moktor Ould
Duddah
Suffrage: universal for adults
Elections: presidential and parliamentary election
every 5 years; most recent August 1971
Political parties and leaders: Mauritanian Peoples
Party is only legal party, Secretary General Moktar
Ould Daddah
Communists: no Communist Party, but there is a
scattering of Maoist sympathizers
Member of: ACCT, CEAO, EAMA, FAO, ICAO,
IL.O, IMCO, nTU, OAU, Organization for the
Development of the Senegal River Valley (OMVS),
Seabeds Committee, U.N., UNESCO. WHO, WMO,
Arab League
ECONOMY
GDP: about $230 million (1972), average annual
increase in current prices about 5.0% (1968.72), about
$190 per capita
Agriculture: most Mauritanians are nomads or
subsistence farriers; main products - livestock,
Approved For Release 2002/07/03 : CIA-RDP86T00608R000600100003-3
 Approved For Release 2002/07/03 : CIA-RDP86T00608R000600100003-3
livestock, small graulilt. dales; cosh crop - Kum
arable; livestock
Fishing: catch, traditional river fishing, 15,(88)
metric tans (I90(1), traditional trot fishing? 2,750
metric tons (valued at $437,(88)); fish supplied to
processing plants by foreign fishing fleets from France,
Spain, (:nnaly Islands wing Matcritattlan waters;
exports 22,1(8) metric tons, $8 million (1970)
Major Industrics: mining of Iron are, salt fishing,
exploitation of copper resources planned
Elcctrie power: 38,6(8) kw. capacity (1974);
78 million kw.-hr, produced (1974), 70 kw,-Itr. per
capita
Exlmrtst $100 million (l o,b., I973); iron tire, fish,
gum arabic
Importst $69 million (c.I.1,, 1973); sugar, cloth, ten.
and fuels
Major trade partners: (trde figures not complete
because Mauritania has at form of customs union with
Senegal and much local trade tinrep orted) France and
other F.(: members, U. K., and U.S. are main overseas
partners
Budget: 1974 ^st. - receipts $67.9 million, current
expenditures $67.4 million, Investment expenditures
$7.2 million
Monetary conversion rate: 48.24 Ouguyia - US$1
as of January 1975 (currency floating since February
1973) (official)
Fiscal year: calendar year
COMMUNICATIONS
Railroads: 400 mi. standard gage., single track,
privately owned
Highways: 3,8(8) mi.; 3,50 mi, paved; 380 not.
gravel, crushed stone, or otherwise improved; 3,070
mi. unimproved
Inland waterways: 500 mi.
Ports: 3 minor
Airfields: 30 total, 30 usable; 9 with permanent-
surface runways; I with runway 8,000-11,999 ft.; 16
with runways 4,000-7,999 ft.; 1 seaplane station
Telecommunications: telephone poor, telegraph
fair; 1,3(8) telephones; 81,000 radio receivers; I AM,
no FM or TV stations
DEFENSE FORCES
Military manpower: males 15-49, 306,000; 146,0(8)
fit for military service; conscription law not
implemented
Supply: primarily dependent on France
Military budget: for fiscal year ending 31
December 1974 (revised), $10,533,800; 15.6% of total
budget
MAURITIUS
July 1975
LAND
720 sq. ml. (excluding dependencies); 50%
agricultural. intensely cultivated; 39% forests,
woodlands, rnountains, river, and natural reserves; 375
built-up areas; 5',(,. water bodies, 2% roads and tracks,
75 permanent wastelands
WATER
Limits of territorial waters (claimed): 12 it. ins.
Coastline: 110 mi.
PEOPLE
Population: 885,((8), average annual growth rate
1.175 (1/73-1/74)
Nationality: noun-Mauritian(s); adjective-
Mauritian
Ethnic divisions: Indians 6775, Creoles 29%,
Chinese 3.575, English and French 0.5%
Religions 5155 Hindu, 33% Christian (mostly
Catholic with a few Anglican Protestants). 16%
Muslim
Language: English official language; Hindi,
Chinese, French Creole
Literacy: estimated 60% for those over 21, and 90%
for those of school age
Labor fora: 175,000; 50% agriculture. 6%
industry; 209; government services; 14% are
unemployed, under-employed, or self-employed, 10%
other
Organized labor: about 35% of labor force
GOVERNMENT
Legal name: Mauritius
Type: independent state since 1968, recognizing
Elizabeth 11 as chief of state
Capital: Port Louis
Political subdivisions: 5 organized municipalities
and various island dependencies
Legal system: based on French civil law system
with elements of English common law in certain
areas; constitution adopted 6 March 1968
Approved For Release 2002/07/03 : CIA-RDP86T00608R000600100003-3
 Approved For Release 2002/07/03 : CIA-RDP86T00608R000600100003-3
July 1975
Brancllesl executive power exercised by Prime
Minister and 21-m1a n Council of Ministers;
unicameral legislature (National Assembly) with 62
members elected by direct suffrage, 8 specially
elected, and one nominated
Covernmenl leader: Prime Minister Dr. Seewoosa-
gur Hamgoolarn
Suffrage: universal over age. 21
Elections: last held In August 19(37; next scheduled
in 1972 postponed at least 4 years by constitutional
amendment
Political parties and leaders: it loose government
coalition consisting of Labor Party (S, Hantgoolain)
and Muslim Committee of Action (A. 11. Mohamed);
opposition parties - Parti Mauricien Social
Den-ocrate ((:. Duval), Independent Forward Bloc (S.
Bissoon(1oyal), Mauritius Democratic Union (M.
Lesgue), Mouvement Militant Mauritian (P.
Berenger), Mouvement Militant Mauritian Socialist(-
Progressist (1). Virahsawrny)
Voting strength: Muslim Committee of Action, ?1
seats; Independent Forward Bloc, 6 seals; Mauritius
Labor Party, 38 seats; Mauritius Democratic Union, 5
seats; Parti Maurician Social Democrats, 15 seats;
Mouvement Militant Mauritian Socialiste Progressist,
I seat; I seat vacant
Communists: may be 2,(00) sympathizers; several
Communist organizations; Mauritius Lenin Youth
Organization, Mauritius Women's Committee,
Mauritius Communist Party, Mauritius People's
Progressive Party, Mauritius Young Communist
League, Mauritius Liberation Front, Chinese Middle
School Friendly Association, Mauritius/USSR
Friendship Society
Other political or pressure groups: Tamil United
Party, Mauritius Workers Party
Member of: ACCT, ICAO, Commonwealth, OAU.
OCAM, U.N.
ECONOMY
GNP: $370 million est. (1974), $420 per capita
Agriculture: sugar crop is major economic asset;
about 40% of land area is planted to sugar; tea
production rising slowly; most food imported - rice is
the staple food - and since cultivation is already
intense and expansion of cultivable areas is unlikely,
heavy reliance on food imports except sugar and tea
will continue
Shortage: land
Industries: mainly confined to processing
sugarcane, tea; some small-scale, simple manufac-
tures; tobacco fiber; some fishing; tourism, diamond
cutting, weaving and textiles, electronics
Electric power: 73,800 kw. capacity (1974); 187
million kw.-hr. produced (1974), 212 kw.-hr. per
capita
Exports: $316 million (f.o.b., 1974); mainly sugar,
tea, molasses
Imports: $269 million (f.o.b., 1974); foodstuffs
30%, manufactured goods about 25%
Major trade partners: all EC-nine countries and
U.S. have preferential treatment U. K. buys over 15i'%
of Mauritius' sugar export at heavily subsidized
prices; small anlrnull of sugar exported to Canada,
U.S., and Italy; imports from U.K. and EC primarily,
also from South Africa, AlistrallU, and Burnes; some
:minor trade with China
Budget: revenues $120 million, current expendi-
tures $I1(3 million, Investrncul expenditure $42
million (1974)
Monetary conversion rate: 5.87 Mauritian
rupees -US$1 in December 1974 (floating with poured
sterling)
Fiscal year: I Jelly - 30 Jnlll'
COMMUNICATIONS
highways: l,l(X) fill.; 990 fill, paved, 110 till. earth
Civil air: no major transport aircraft
Airfields: 6 total, 6 usable; I with permanent-
surface runway; I with runway 8,(x0)- 11 991) ft.
Telecommunications: 22,600 telephones; radio
telegraph service with Hcunion, Malagasy Republic,
Seychelles, Zanzibar, and other places in Africa; I
AM, no FM, and 4 TV stations; 16(),(00) radio and
25,3(X) 'I'V sets; submarine cables extend to Republic
of South Africa and Seychelles Islands
DEFENSE FORCES
Military manpower: mules 15-49, 206,(00); 103,0(0)
fit for military service
Military budget: for fiscal year ending 30 June
1973, $3,981,0.38; 6.5% of total budget
MEXICO
LAND
764,000 sq. mi.; 12% cropland, 4040 pasture, 22%
forested, 26% other (including waste, urban areas and
public lands)
Approved For Release 2002/07/03 : CIA-RDP86T00608R000600100003-3
 Approved For Release 2002/07/03 : CIA-RDP86T00608R000600100003-3
Land boundaries: 2,620 nil,
WATER
Limits of territorial waters (claimed): 12 n, :ni.
Coastline: 5,800 mi.
PEOPLE
Population: 58,075,000, average annual growth
rate 3.2% (current)
Nationality: noun-Mexican(s); adjective-
Mexican
Ethnic divisions: 60% mestizo, 30% Indian or
predominantly Indian, 9% white or predominantly
white, 1% other
Religion: 97% nominally Roman Catholic, 3%
other
Language: Spanish
Literacy: 65% estimated; 84% claimed officially
Labor force (1973): 13.1 million (defined as those
12 years of age and older); 39.5% agriculture, 16.7%
manufacturing, 16.6% services, 16.8% construction,
utilities, commerce, and transport, 3% government,
7.4% unspecified activities
Organized labor: 20% of total labor force
GOVERNMENT
Legal name: United Mexican States
Type: federal republic operating in fact under a
centralized government
Capital: Mexico
Political subdivisions: 31 states, Federal District
Legal system: mixture of U.S. constitutional theory
and civil law system; constitution established in 1917;
judicial review of legislative acts; accepts compulsory
ICJ jurisdiction, with reservations
Branches: dominant executive, bicameral legisla-
ture, Supreme Court
Government leader: President Luis Echeverria
Suffrage: universal over age 18; compulsory but
unenforced
Elections: national elections July 1976
Political parties and leaders: Institutional
Revolutionary Party (PRI), Jesus Reyes 1leroles;
National Action Party (PAN), Efrain Gonzalez
Morfin; Popular Socialist Party (PPS), Jorge
Cruickshank Garcia; Authentic Party of the
Revolution (PARM), Pedro Gonzalez Azcuaga
Voting strength: (1973 congressional elections) PRI
69.5%, PAN 14.7%, PPS 3.5%, PARM 1.8%, others
0.8%, annulled 9.7%
Communists: estimated 5,000 in Communist Party
Other political or pressure groups: Roman
Catholic Church, Confederation of Mexican Workers
(CT\'l), Confederation of Industrial Chambers
(CONCAMIN), Confederation of National Chambers
of Commerce (CON CANACO), National Confedera-
tion of Campesinos (CNC), National Confederation
of Popular Organizations (CNOP), Revolutionary
Confederation of Workers and Peasants (GROG)
July 1975
Member of: IAI;A, IADII, ICAO, LAFTA, OAS,
Seabeds Committee, U.N.
ECONOMY
GDP: $64.8 billion (1974 est,), $1,120 per capita;
70% private consumption, 9% public consumption,
21% domestic investment (1973 est.); real growth rate
1974, 6.0% est.
Agriculture: main crops - corn, cotton, wheat,
coffee, sugarcane, sorghum, oilseeds, pulses, and
vegetables; general self-sufficiency with minor
exceptions in meat and dairy products; caloric intake,
3, 1 10 calories per clay per capita (1968)
Fishing: catch 402,500 metric tons, $95.1 million
(1971); exports $61,060,000, imports $12,516,000
(1970
Major industries: processing of food, beverages,
and tobacco; chemicals, basic metals and metal
products, petroleum products, mining, textiles and
clothing, and transport equipment
Crude steel: 5.2 million metric tons capacity
(1973); 5.1 million metric tons producted (1974); 90
kilograms per capita (1974)
Electric power: 8,502,000 kw, capacity (1973); 37
billion kw.-hr. produced (1973), 650 kw.-hr. per
capita
Exports: $2,755 million (f.o.b., 1974); cotton,
coffee, nonferrous minerals (including lead and zinc),
sugar, shrimp, petroleum, sulfur, salt, cattle and meat,
fresh fruit and tomatoes
Imports: $5,947 million (c.i.f., 1974); machinery,
equipment, industrial vehicles, and intermediate
goods
Major trade partners: exports - U.S. 61%, EC 9%,
Japan 7% (1973); imports - U.S. 60%, EC 17%,
Japan 5%
Aid: economic - extensions from U.S. (FY46-73),
$1,228 million in loans; $164.2 million in grants; from
international organizations (FY46-73), $2,3.37 million;
from other Western countries (1960-66), $122.7
million; military - assistance from U.S. (FY46-72),
$14 million
Budget: 1974 est. federal, revenues $5,700 million,
expenditures $8,200 million
Monetary conversion rate: 12.5 pesos=US$I
(official)
Fiscal year: calendar year
COMMUNICATIONS
Railroads: 12,300 mi.; 11,610 mi. 4'8 1A" gage; 690
mi. 3'0" gage; 64 mi. electrified; 12,233 mi.
government owned, 67 mi. privately owned
Inland waterways: 1,800 mi. navigable rivers and
coastal canals
Pipelines: crude oil, 2,410 mi.; refined products,
2,090 mi.; natural gas, 3,470 mi.
Ports: 9 major, 20 minor
Civil air: 130 major transport aircraft
Airfields: 1,493 total, 1,469 usable; 110 with
permanent-surface runways; 2 with runways over
Approved For Release 2002/07/03 : CIA-RDP86T00608R000600100003-3
 July 19715 Approved For Release 2002/07/03 : CIA-RDP86T00608R000600100003-3
MLXICO/MONACO
I2,008) fl? 21 with runways 8,(X)0-I 1,099 ft,, 2,15 with
runways 40O-7,991) ft.; 1) seaplane sl:tlons
'I'elecorninunicatlons: highly developed telecom
system with extensive radio relay links; connection
into Central Anunlcan microwave net; cnmmaaica-
tion satellite ground station; 2,48 million telephones,
about (3.5 million radio and 4.8 million TV receivers,
580 AM, 100 F v1, and 115 TV stations
DEFENSE FORCES
Military manpower: mules 15-49, 12,821,((X);
7,758,0(X) fit for military service; average number
reaching military age (I8) annually, (375,(()0
Military budgets for year ending 31 December
1075, $580.9 million; about 4,6% of direct federal
budget (includes merchant marine and military
industry)
MONACO
LAND
0.6 sq. mi.
Land boundaries: 2.3 mi.
WATER
Limits of territorial waters (claimed): 3 n.mi.
(fishing 12 n. mi.)
Coastline: 2.6 mi.
PEOPLE
Population: 24,000 (official estimate for 1 July
1973)
Nationality: noun-Monacan(s) or Monegasque(s);
adjective-Monacan or Monegasque
Ethnic divisions: Rhaetian stock
Religion: Roman Catholicism is official state
religion
Language: French
Literacy: almost complete
GOVE,IINMENT
Legal mummer Principality of Monaco
Type: constitutional nu:nurchy
Capitals Monaco
Political subdivisions: 4 sections
Legal system: based on French law; new
constitution adopted 19(32; has not accepted
compulsory ICJ Jorlsdiction
t'ranches: National Council (IN members);
(,'(,minimal Council (15 m,rasbors, headed by a
m -yor)
Government leader: Prince Rainier Ill
suffrage: universal
Elections: National Council every 5 years; most
recent 1973
Political parties and lenders: National Dennrcratic
Entente, Democratic Union Movement, Monegasque
Actionist (1973)
Voting strength: figures for 1973: National
Democratic Entente, 1(3 seats; Democratic Union
Movement and Monegasque Actionnist. I seat each
Member of: IAEA, 11111, ITU, Seabeds Committee,
U.N., UNESCO, UPU, W11O
ECONOMY
GNP: 559P tourism; 25%-30% industry (small and
primarily tourist oriented); I0%-15% registration fees
and sales of postage stamps; about 4% traceable to the
Monte Carlo casino
Major industries: chemicals, food processing,
precision instruments, glassrnaking, printing
Electric power: 8,(()) kw. capacity (1973); 80
million kw.-hr. supplied by France (1973), 2,000 kw.-
lir. per capita
Trade: full customs integration with France, which
collects and rebates Monacan trade duties
Monetary conversion rate: I franc=USS0,2253
COMMUNICATIONS
Railroads: I nai (see France)
Highways: none; city streets
torts: I :minor
Civil air: no major aircraft
Airfields: none
Telecommunications: served by the French
communications system; automatic telephone system
with about 20,000 telep'rn. es; 2 AM, I FM, and I TV
station; 12,000 radio and 16,000 TV receivers
DEFENSE FORCES
France responsible for defense
Approved For Release 2002/07/03 : CIA-RDP86T00608R000600100003-3
 Approved For Release 2002/07/03 : CIA-RDP86T00608R000600100003-3
MONGOLIA
July 1975
Universlly; lugs not aecepled eompulsory I(;j
Ilranchest cooslllullun provides for it People's
Iluml (oallonal assembly) atttl it highly
centrallied 11411111 11INI fill loll
Party and government Ieadersa V, 'l'sedenhal, First
Secretary of the MI'Itl' and Chairman of the People's
Creal I luml; J, Itatrounll, (;lualrnuua of the Coum'll of
Minister'
Suffrages universal; age 18 and over
LAND
6(14,100 sq. rill.; almost 907E of land area is pasture
or desert wasteltirid, varying In usefulness, less than
1% arable, 10% forested
Land bourdarics: 4,975 fill.
PEOPLE
Population: I,444,(XX), average annual growth fill(-
3% (current)
Nationality: noun-Mongolian(s); adjective-
Mongolian
Ethnic divisions: 90% Mongol, 4% Kazakh, 27%
Chinese, 2% Russian, 2% other
Religion: predominantly Tibetan 11oddIi1st, about
4% Muslim, limited religious activity because of
Communist regime
Languages: Khalkha Mongol used by over 90% of
population; minor languages include Turkic, Russian.
and Chinese
Literacy: about 80%
Labor force: primarily agricultural, over half the
population is in the labor force, including u large
percentage of Mongolian women; acute shortage of
both skilled and unskilled labor (no reliable
information available)
GOVERNMENT
Legal name: Mongolian Peoples Republic
Type: Communist state
Capital: Uluanbuatar
Political subdivisions: 18 provinces and 2
autonomous municipalities (Ulaunbuatar and
Darhan)
Legal system: blend of Russian, Chinese, and
Turkish systems of law; new constitution adopted
1960; no constitutional provision for judicial review of
legislative acts; legal education at Uluunhautar State
Elections, nalional assembly elet'lious held every 4
years; last elections held In June 1973
Political party: Mongolian People's Itevultatlonury
(Cumnuunist) i'arty (MI'lll'); estIrnaled membership,
58,(XX) (claim(-(] 1972)
Member oft (:I:MA, ES(;A11, IAEIA, Seabeds
Cunuuitlee, U.N., WHO
ECONOMY
Agriculture: livestock raising predonslntites; main
crops - wheat, oats, barley
Industries: processing of animal products; h hiding
materials; mining
Exports: beef for slittighler meal products, wool,
fluorspar, other minerals
Imports: machhrery and equipment, petroleum,
clothing, building materials sugar, and lea
Major trade partners: nearly tall trade with
Communist countries (approx. 80% with U.S.S.It.);
total turnover over $5(X) trillion (1973)
Aid: heavily dependent on U.S.S.R.
Monetary conversion rate: 3.31 tugriks-US$1
(arbitrarily established)
Fiscal year: calendar year
COMMUNICATIONS
Railroads: 909 route ml., till broad gage (5'0")
(1974)
Inland waterways: 385 miles of principal routes
(1975)
Freight carried: rail - 5.1 rniition short tons, 1,046
million short ton/nil. (1974); highway-about 17,0
million short tons (1973); 730.0 million short tort/nil.
(1970)
Airfields: 39 total; 6 with permanent-surface
runways; 23 with runways 8,000-12,999 ft., 11 with
runways 4,000-7,999 ft., 5 additional airfields under
4,006 ft.
DEFENSE FORCES
Supply: military equipment supplied by U.S.S.R,
Military budget: for fiscal year ending 31
December 1975, 268 million tugriks, 1070 of total
budget
Approved For Release 2002/07/03 : CIA-RDP86T00608R000600100003-3
 Approved For Release 2002/07/03 : CIA-RDP86T00608R000600100003-3
July 1975
MOROCCO
LAND
158,1(x)
land, 17%
urban
sq. till.,, about 32%fi arable and grazing
forest find esparto, 5196 desert, waste, and
WATER
Limits of territorial
(fishing, 70 if, till.)
Coastline: 1,14u Ani.
PEOPLE
Population: 17,74,(X)0, average annual growth
rate 2.996 (7/72-7/73)
Nationality: noun-Moroccan(s); adjective-
Moroccan
Ethnic divisions: 99.1 % Arab-Berber, 0.2% Jewish,
0.7% non-Moroccan
Religion: 08.7% Muslim, 1.1% Christian, 0.296
Jewish
Language: Arabic (official); several Benccr dia,'rcts;
French is language of much business, gover:.ment,
diplainacy, and postprimary educat:an
Literacy: 20%
Labor force: 6.3 million (1971 tst.); 50%
agriculture, 15% industry, 26% services, 9% other
Organized labor: about 5% of the labor force,
mainly in the Union'- Moroccan Workers (UMT)
GOVERNMENT
Legal name: Kingdom of Morocco
Type: constitutional monarchy (constitution
adopted 1972)
Capital: Rabat
Political subdivisions: 23 provinces and 2
prefectures
Legal system: based on Ishunlc law anti Fiends
turd Slnmish civil lass' system; judielul review of
legislative acts In Conslllutlonal Chunal-erof Supreme
Court; modern legal eduuallou at brunches of
Mohanavl N University In Rabul and (;asabbum'a and
Karaoulne (Iniverslly In Fes; has lint accepted
cony-ulsary ICJ jurisdiction
lkanr?itesi cvnnslllulion provides for Prior Minister
and ministers mamma by,und responsible Its Klrig; King
has paramount executive powers; unicameral
legislature In abeyance until elections are held (two-
Ihirds to be directly elected, one third Indirectly);
Iudlciary Independent of other bran- Wars
Government leaders: King Ilassan II: Prime
Minister Ahmed Osman
Suffrage: universal over age 20
Elections: last parliamentary elections held 21 and
28 August 1970 for Council of Representatives which
was dissolved in March 1972; elections fat new
parliament created by Constitution adopted 15
March 1972 have not been held
Political parties and leaders: Isllglal I'arty,
M'hanu'd lioucettaa; Popular Movement (MI'),
Mahjoub? Aherdau; Constitutional find Democratic
I'opular Movement (MPCD), Dr. Abdelkrirn Khulib;
National Union of Popular Forces (UNFr), split into
competitive factions under Abdallah Ibrahim and
Mahjoub Ben Seddik of Casablanca-based faction
and Abderrahirut Bt-uabid of Rabat-based faction with
latter becoming Socialist Union of Popular Forces
(USFI') in September 1974; Democratic Constitu-
tional Party (PDC), Mohammed Ilassan Ouazzani;
Party for Progress and Socialism (PPS), legalized in
August 197.1, successor to Party for Progress and
!loclulisirn (I'PS), is front for Moroccan Communist
Party (MCP), which was proscribed in 1959, All Yata;
Istiglal and the UNFI' formed a National Front in
July 1970 to oppose the new constitution, boycotted
the parliamentary elections and the 1972 constitu-
tional referendum
Voting strength: August 1970 elections were
nonpolitical; 1 March 1972 constitutional referendum
tallied 98.7% for new constitution, 1.25% opposed
and National Front abstained from voting
Communists: 300 est.
Member of: Arab League, EC (association until
1974), FAO, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, IDA, ILO, IMC,
IMCO, IMF, ITU, OAU, Seabeds Committee, U.N.,
UNESCO, UPU, WHO, WMO
ECONOMY
GNP: $6 billion (1974 est.), about $350 per capita;
average annual r'al growth 4% during 1970-73
Agriculture: cereal farming and livestock raising
predominate; main products - wheat, barley, citrus
fruit, wine, vegetables, olives; some fishing
Approved For Release 2002/07/03 : CIA-RDP86T00608R000600100003-3
 Approved For Release 2002/07/03 : CIA-RDP86T00608R000600100003-3
illy 19711
AIOih (CCO/ MOZAM III QUI:
Fishing: catch 2.i6,INN) metric Inns, $21.0 million
(1972); exports z$37.9 million (1971)
Major sectors: mining and mineral processing
(phosphates, smaller quantities of Iron, manganese,
lead, zinc, and other minerals), food processing,
textiles, construction and Ionrisi:
Electric power: 745,04)0 kw, capacity (1974); 2.8
billion kw-1:r. produced (11)74), 107 kw.-hr, per
capita
Export illlon (f.o.b., 1973); agricultural
goods 5(Ir ate. 21%, other 21 %; export level
and perct sphate exports to rise In 1974
Impor' 2 million (f.o.b., 11)73); food 24%,
raw mt. doll Semi-finished goods 42%,
equipment . ,a, consumer goods 1490
Major trade partners: exports - France 32%, West
Germany 8%, Italy 8%, Benelux 795, U.K. 2%;
imports - France 31 %, U.S. 8%, West Germany 790,
Italy 6% (1972)
Monetary conversion rate: 4.2 dirhams-US$1
(trade rate in 1974)
Fiscal year: calendar year
COMMUNICATIONS
Railroads: 1,091 ml. standard gage, 93 mi. double
track; 493 mi, electrified
Highways: 32,180 mi.; 11,203 mi. bituminous,
3,244 mi. gravel, crushed stone, and improved earth,
17,733 mi. unimproved earth
Pipelines: crude oil, 85 mi.; refines products, 305
mi.; natural gas, 60 mi.
Ports: 8 major (including Spanish-controlled Ceuta
and Mellila), 10 minor
Civil air: 12 major transport aircraft
Airfields: 84 total, 84 usable; 24 with permanent-
surface runways; 2 with runways over 12,000 ft., 11
with runways 8,000-11,999 ft., 36 with runways 4,000-
7,999 ft.; 4 seaplane stations
Telecommunications: superior system by African
standards composed of open-wire lines, coaxial,
multiconductor and submarine cables and radio-relay
links; principal centers Casablanca and Rabat,
secondary centers Fes, Marrakech, Oujda, Sebaa
Aioun, Tangier and Tetouan; 181,000 telephones; 1.5
million radio and 227,000 TV receivers; 24 Moroccan
AM, I Voice of America AM, 3 FM, 17 TV stations;
11 submarine cables
DEFENSE FORCES
Military manpower: males 15-49, 3,779,000;
2,242,000 fit for military service; about 185,000 reach
military age (18) annually; limited conscription
MOZAMBIQUE
LAND
303,769 sq. fill.-. 30% arable, of which Hi,
cultivated, 56% woodland and forest, 14% wasteland
and Inland water
Land boundaries: 2,875 rill.
WATER
Limits of territorial waters (claimed): 6 n. mi.
(fishing, 12 it. mi.)
Coastline: 1,535 mi.
PEOPLE
Population: 9,081,000, average annual growth rate
2.2% (9/60-12/70)
Nationality: noun-Mozambican(s); adjective-
Mozambique
Ethnic divisions: 9795 African, 3% European,
Asian, and Mulatto
Religion: 65.6% animist, 21.5% Christian, 10.5%
Muslim, 2.4% other
Language: Portuguese (official); many tribal
dialects
Literacy: 795-10% (est.)
Labor force: (1963 est.) 610,000; 50,000 non-
African wage earners, 560,000 African wage earners in
Mozambique; 290,000 additional African wage
earners temporarily working in Rhodesia and South
Africa; unemployment serious problem; most native
Africans provide unskilled labor or remain in
subsistence agricultural sector
Organized labor: approx. 47,000 (end of 1970);
75% are white
GOVERNMENT
Legal name: State of Mozambique
Type: transitional government; will achieve
independence from Portugal in June 1975
Capital: Lourenco Marques
Approved For Release 2002/07/03 : CIA-RDP86T00608R000600100003-3
 Approved For Release 2002/07/03 : CIA-RDP86T00608R000600100003-3
July 1975
MOI,AMBIQUIs/NAURU
Political subdivisions: 10 districts administered by
district governors; municipalities governed by
appointed official
Legal system: based on Portuguese civil law system
and customary law
b-:?eha.: none established
Government Ieaderx Admiral Vitor Crespo, Iligh
Commissioner; Joaquirn Chissano, Prime Minister
Suffrage: all adults able to rend and write
Portuguese and in full possession of political and civil
rights
Elections: Information not available on future
election schedule
Political p&.:-ti and leaders: the Mozambique
Liberation Front (E RELIMO), led by Moises Samoa
Machel, is only legal party
Communists: none known
ECONOMY
GNP: $2.3 billion (1972), about $250 per capita;
average annual growth probably stagnant or falling
Agriculture: cash crops - raw cotton, cashew nuts,
sugar, tea, copra, sisal; other crops - corn, wheat,
peanuts, potatoes, beans, sorghum, and cassava; self-
sufficient in food except for wheat which must be
imported
Major industries: food processing (chiefly sugar,
tea, wheat, flour, cashew kernels); chemicals
(vegetable oil, oilcakes, soap, paints); petroleum
products; beverages; textiles; nonmetallic mineral
products (cement, glass, asbestos, cement products);
tobacco
Electric power: 442,000 kw. capacity (1974); 56.3
million kw.-hr. produced (1974), 64 kw.-hr. per capita
Exports: $240 million (f.o.b., 1974); cashew nuts,
cotton, sugar, mineral products, timber products, tea,
copra, petroleum products
Imports: $480 million (c.i.f., 1974 prelim.);
machinery and electrical equipment, cotton
textiles, vehicles, petroleum products, wine, iron and
steel
Major trade partners: over one-third of foreign
trade with Portugal; South Africa, U.S., U.K., West
Germany
Aid: mainly from Portugal
Budget: (FY75) balanced at $530 million prelim.
Monetary conversion rate: 24.50 escudos = U S$1 as
of January 1975 (approximate realigned rate), floating
Fiscal year: calendar year
COMMUNICATIONS
Railroads: 1,965 mi.; 1,877 mi. 3'6" gage (6 mi.
double track), 88 mi. 2'5'h" gage
Highways: 20,000 mi.; 1,740 mi. paved; 18,260
mi. other (mostly earth)
Inland waterways: approx. 2,330 ml. of navigable
routes
Pipelines: crude oil, 190 ml.
Ports: 3 major (Lourenco Marques, Beira, Nacala),
2 significant minor
Civil airs 13 major transport aircraft
Airfields: 332 total, 327 usable; 28 with
permanent-surface runways; 5 with runways 8,000-
11,999 ft.; 39 with runways 4,000-7,999 ft.
DEFENSE FORCES
Military manpower: males 15-49, 2,204,(H)0;
1,108,000 fit for military service
Defense is responsibility of Portugal
NAURU
Coral See
LAND
8.2 sq. mi.; insignificant arable land, no urban
areas, extensive phosphate mines
WATER
Limits of territorial waters (claimed): 12 n. mi.
Coastline: 15 mi.
PEOPLE
Population: 7,000 (official estimate for 30 June
1969)
Nationality: noun-Nauruan(s); adjective-
Nauruan
Ethnic divisions: 48% Nauruans, 19% Chinese, 7%
Europeans, 26% other Pacific Islanders
Religion: Christian (% Protestant, 'A Catholic)
Language: Nauruan, a distinct Pacific Island
tongue; English, the language of school instruction,
spoken and understood by nearly all
Literacy: nearly universal
Approved For Release 2002/07/03 : CIA-RDP86T00608R000600100003-3
 Approved For Release 2002/07/03 : CIA-RDP86T00608R000600100003-3
GOVERNMENT
Legal name: Republic of Nauru
Type: republic; Independent since January 1968
Capital: no capital city per se; government offices
In Uaboe District
Political subdivisions: 14 districts
Branches: President elected from and by
Parliament for an unfixed terra; popularly elected
unicameral legislature, the Parliament; Cabinet to
assist the President, four members, appointed by
President from Parliament members
Government leaden President I launner 1)e Hobart
Suffrage: universal adult
Elections: last held In January 1971
Political parties and leaders: there are no political
parties; Dc Roburt is only significant political figure
Member of: no present plans to join U.N.; enjoys
special membership" in Commonwealth; South
Pacific Commission:, INTERPOL, ESCAP
ECONOMY
GNP: $28 million (1970), $4,000 per capita (est.)
Agriculture: negligible; almost completely
dependent on imports for food, water
Major industries: mining of phosphates, about 2
million tons per year (1970)
Exports: $27 million (f.o.b., 1970 est.), consisting
entirely of phosphates
Imports: $5 million (c.i.f., FY70)
Major trade partners: exports-Australia 58%,
New Zealand 22%, Japan 18%; imports-Australia
75%, U.K. 8%, New Zealand 5%, Japan 5%
Monetary conversion rate: 1 Australian dol-
lar-US$1.31 (official) (1975)
Fiscal year: 1 July - 30 June
COMMUNICATIONS
Railroads: none
Highways: about 17 mi.; 13 mi. paved, 4 mi.
improved earth
Inland waterways: none
Ports: I minor
Civil air: 1 major transport aircraft
Airfields: 1, coral-surfaced, 5,270 ft.
Telecommunications: adequate intraisland and
international radiocommunications provided via
Australian facilities; 540 telephones; 3,575 radio
receivers, I AM, but no TV or FM radiobroadcasting
facilities
DEFENSE FORCES
Military manpower: males 15-49, about 1,800; fit
for military service, about 1,000; average number
reaching military age (18) annually, 1975-79, less than
100
No formal defense structure and no regular armed
forces
July 1975
LAND
54,600 sq. mi.; 16% agricultural area, 1.1%
permanent meadows and pastures, 3841 alpine land
(unarable), waste, or urban; 32'91 forested
Land boundaries: 1,720 mi.
PEOPLE
Population: 12,550,000, average annual growth
rate 2.1% (6/61-6/71)
Nationality: noun-Nepalese (sing. and pl.);
adjective-Nepalese
Ethnic divisions: two main categories, Indo-
Nepalese (about 80%) and Tibeto-Nepalese (about
20%), representing considerable intermixture of Indo-
Aryan and Mongolian racial strains; country divided
among many quasi-tribal communities
Religion: only official Hindu Kingdom in world,
although no sharp distinction between many Hindu
and Buddhist groups; small groups of Muslims and
Christians
Language: 20 mutually unintelligible languages
divided into numerous dialects; Nepali official
language and lingua franca for much of the country;
same script as Hindi
Literacy: about 12%
Labor force: 4.1 million; 95% agriculture, 5%
industry; great lack of skilled labor
GOVERNMENT
Legal name: Kingdom of Nepal
Type: constitutional monarchy; King Birendra
exercises autocratic control over multiticred
panchayat system of government
Capital: Kathmandu
Political subdivisions: 75 districts, 14 zones
Legal system: based on Hindu legal concepts and
English common law; legal education at Nepal Law
Approved For Release 2002/07/03 : CIA-RDP86T00608R000600100003-3
 Appproved For Release 2002/07/03 : CIA-RDP86T00608R000600100003-3
July 1975
College In Katlrnamlu; lilts not accepted compulsory
ICJ Jurisdiction
Rranches- Council of Ministers appointed 1-y tilt,
Kin,,; indirectly elected National I'aunehayal
'Assetubly)
Government leaden King Ilircndra Ilir itlknun
Shah Devil; 1'rirne Minister Nagendra I'rasad 11I1ui
Suffrages universal over age 21
Elections village and town councils (panchayots)
elected by universal suffrage; district, zonal, and
National Panchayal members IntlIreelly elected, mist
for 6-year terms: 15 National I'ancluayat meinhers
elected from five class organizations (women, workers,
youth, and ex-servicemen), four directly elected by all
voters possvssiag it B.A. or Its equivalent, and 16 are
appointed by the King
Political parties and leaders all political parties
outlawed
Communists: the combined membership of the two
wings of the Communist ('arty of Nepal (CPN) may
he on the order of 6,50X1, the majority (perhaps 5,(XX))
In the pro-Chinese wing; the CPN continues to
operate more or less openly, but internal dissension
has greatly hindered its effectiveness
Other political or pressure groups: proscribed
Nepali Congress Party led by 11. 1'. Koinala from exile
in India
Member of: ADII, FAO, IB1(1), ICAO, IDA, ILO,
IMF, ITU, U.N., UNESCO, UI'U, Seabeds
Committee, WHO
ECONOMY
CDP: $1,071 million (FY73 at current prices), less
than $I(X) per capita; 2% real growth in FY73
Agriculture: over 90% of population engaged in
agriculture; main crops - rice, corn, wheat,
sugarcane, oilseeds
Major industries: small rice, Jute, sugar, and
oilseed mills; match. cigarette, and brick factories
Electric power: 64,000 kw. capacity (1974); 110
million kw.-hr. produced (1974), 9 kw.-hr. per capita
Exports: $48 million est. (FY70); rice and other
food products, Jute, timber
Imports: $84 million est. (FY70); manufactured
consumer goods, fuel, construction materials, food
products
Major trade partner: over 8040 India
Monetary conversion rate: 10.55 Nepalese
rupees= US$I
Fiscal year: 15 July - 14 July
COMMUNICATIONS
Railroads: 105 mi., all narrow gage (2'6"); mostly
government owned; all in Tend close to Indian
border; only 33 mi. sector from border to Bizalpura
presently tit use; it 28 nil, segment lilts been
abandoned and 44 ml. utilized to transport rock horn
quarry near Oharau to Kosl Mint near lla)biras
Ilighways- 1,686 till.; 510 till. paved, 270 nil,
gravel or crushed stoic, 01X1 till, Improved and
unimproved earth, 2(X1 till, of seasonally tnotorable
1 racks
Civil airs 7 major transport aircraft
Airu eldss 45 total, 42 usable; 5 with permanent-
surface runways; 7 with runways 4,(XX)-7,999 ft.
Telecommunicationss poor telephone and tele-
graph service; good radlocomnionicallon and
broadcast service; International radloconlintillicut loll
service Is poor; 11,162 telephones, 70,(X)(1 radio and no
'1'V sets, 3 AM, no FM, and no TV stations
DEFENSE FORCES
Military manpower: males 1540. 3,0730)(1;
1.550,0(X) fit for military service; 140,(X)0 reach
military age (17) annually
Military budgets for fiscal year ending IS July
1975, $9.7 million: 5.6% of total budget
NETHERLANDS
LAND
13,100 sq. mi.; 70% cultivated, 5% waste, 8%
forested, 8% inland water, 9% other
Land boundaries: 635 nil.
WATER
Limits of territorial waters (claimed): 3 n. mi.
(fishing, 12 a. mi.)
Coastline: 280 mi.
PEOPLE
Population: 13,634,000, average annual growth
rate 0.7% (current)
Approved For Release 2002/07/03 : CIA-RDP86T00608R000600100003-3
 V,
Approved For Release 2002/07/03 : CIA-RDP86T00608R000600100003-3
July 1975
Nationality: now:-Netherlander(s); aolJeclive-
Netherlauds
Ethnic divisions, 01176 Dutch, I% Indonesian and
other
Religion, 4196 Protestant, 4076 Roman (:alhulle,
19% um llillatetl
Language, Dutch
Literacy: 1)8%
Labor fc:. ~;c: 4.7 million; 3076 manufacturlag, 2496
services, 16% commerce, 1076 agriculture, 996
construction, 7% transportation and communications,
4% other; average unentployinent rate t}% (jun.-Aug.
1973); no shoctuge of skilled labor but shortage of
semi-skilled labor; 129,00 unfilled vacancies reported
by employers in January 11)71
Organized labor: 3376 of labor force
GOVERNMENT
Legal name: Kingdom of the Netherlands
Type: constitutional monarchy
Capital: Amsterdam, but government resides at
The Hague
Political subdivisions: I I provinces governed by
centrally appointed coanmissioners of Queen
Legal system: civil law system incorporating
French penal theory: constitution of 1815 frequently
amended, reissued 1947; judicial review In the
Supreme Court of legislation of lower order than Acts
of Parliament; legal education at six law schools;
accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction, with reservations
Branches: executive (Queen and Cabinet of
Ministers), which is responsible to bicameral states
general (parliament); 'ndependent judiciary
Government leader: (lead of State, Queen
Juliamia; Johannes den Uyl, Prime Minister
Suffrage: universal over age 21
Elections: must be held at least every 4 years for
lower house (most recent November 1972), and every
3 years for tipper house (most recent March 1974)
Political parties and leaders: Catholic People's
Party (KVP), Dr. D. de Zecuw; Antirevolutionary
(ARP), A. Veerman; Labor (PvdA), Mrs. Ten Van Den
Heuvel; Liberal (VVD), Mrs. H. van Sommeren-
Downer; Christian Historical Union (CHU), Otto W.
A. Barou Van Ver;chucr; Democrats '66 (D-66), Jan
ter Brink; Communist (CPN), Henk Hockstra; Pacifist
Socialist (PSP), P. A. Burggraff; Political Reformed
(SGP), H. G. Abma; Reformed Political Union (GVP),
G. Veurink; Radical Party (PPR), Marcel Van Dam;
Democratic Socialist '70 (DS-70), Fred L. Polak;
Farmers' Party (BP), Hendrik Koekoek; Roman
Catholic Party (RKPN), leader unknown
Voting strength (1972 election): 17.7% KVP,
14.4% VVD, 8.8% ARP. 4.8% CHU. 27.4% PvdA,
4,2% I)-66, 1. I % 1)S-70, 4.5% CPN, I.5% PSI', 4,876
PIUP, 2,2% S(;i', 1,891, CVI', 1.096 fill, .071, RKI'
Connnunlsts: 9,001) members; 320,1)73 votes In
11)72 election
Other political or pressure groups, great
multinational firms; Socialist, Catholic, and
Protestant trade unions; Federation of Catholic and
Protestant E.nnpluyers Associations; the non-
denominational Federation of Netherlands I?nler-
prises
Member of: Benelux, Connell of Europe, E( K,
IEC, ,MA, I;UIIA'l'OM, FAO. IAEA, 11311D,
ICAO, I1A, 11113, IMF, NATO, OECD, Seabeds
Committee, U.N., UNESCO, WEU, WHO
ECONOMY
GNP: $69.6 billion (1974 In current prices), $5,150
per capita; 56% consumption, 22% Investment, 1796
government; 596 foreign balance; 11)74 growth rate
3.4% in constant prices
Agriculture: animal husbandry predominates;
main crops - horticultural crops, grains, potatoes,
sugar beets; food shortages - grains, fats, oils; calorie
intake, 3,186 calories per day per capita (11)70-71)
Fishing: catch 323,000 metric tons, $150 million
(1073); exports 251,398 metric tons, imports 131.138
metric tons (1973)
Major industries: food proctnsing, metal and
engineering products, electrical and electronic
machinery and equipment, chemicals, and petroleum
products
Shortages: crude petroleum, raw cotton, base
metals and ores, pulp, pulpwood, lumber, Feedgruins.
and oilseeds
Crude steel: 5.8 million metric tons produced
(1974), 430 kilograms per capita
Electric power: 11,930,000 kw. capacity (1973);
52.6 billion kw.-hr. produced (1973). 3.450 kw.-hr. per
capita
Exports: $23,928 million (f.o.b., 1973); foodstuffs.
machinery, transportation equipment, consumer
manufactures, chemicals, petroleum products, textiles
Imports: $23,814 million (c.i.f., 1973); machinery,
transportation equipment, consumer manufactures,
crude petroleum, foodstuffs, chemicals, raw cotton,
base metals and ores, pulp
Major trade partners: (1973) 66% EC, 30% W.
Germany, 15% Belgium-Luxembourg, 6% U.S.
Aid: economic - U.S., $1,367 million authorized
(FY46-73); IBRD, $236 million authorized (FY46-73).
none since 1958; military - U.S., $1,255 million
authorize(' .''1'Y49-73). none since FY65; net official
aid delivered to less developed areas and multilateral
agencies $1,458 mi:lion (FY62-72), $315 million
(1972)
Approved For Release 2002/07/03 : CIA-RDP86T00608R000600100003-3
 July 197 Xpproved For Release 2002/07/03 : CIA-RDP86T00608R000600100003-3
NE'I'lllsl(LANI)S/NI;'I'lII IILANDS ANTILLES
Budget, 11974 est.) revenues $I8,7 billion,
expenditures $20,0 billion, deficit $1.3 billion
Monetary conversion rate: 2,688 gullders?US$I,
average 1974, floating
Fiscal year: calendar year
COMMUNICATIONS
Railroads, 2,051) ml,, standard gage; 970 ml.
double track; 1,022 mi, electrified
Ilighways: 47,845 mi.; 27,8(H) mi, paved, 4,015 ml,
crushed stone and gravel, I60(HH1 ml, earth
Inland waterways, 3,949 mi., of which 35% Is
usable by craft of I,O(H) short-ton capacity or larger
Pipelines, crude oil, 260 ml.; refined products, 600
mi.; natural gas, 2,709 mi.
Ports: 8 major, 5 minor
Civil air: 103 major transport aircraft (including 3
aircraft registered in the Netherlands but leased from
it foreign country)
Airfields: 28 total, 27 usable; 16 with permanent-
surface runways; 13 with runways 8,(HH)-11,999 ft., 3
with runways 4,(HX)-7,999 ft.
Telecommunications: highly developed, ex-
cellently maintained, and well integrated; extensive
system of rnulticmductor cables, supplemented by
radio-relay links; 4.65 million telephones; 9 million
radiobroadc:st and 4.0 million TV receivers; SAM i2
FM, and 11 TV stations; I I coaxial submarine cables;
communications satellite ground station
DEFENSE FORCES
Military manpower: males 15-49, 3,393,0(();
3,046,000 fit for military service; average number
reaching military age (20) annually 117,000
Military budget: proposed for fiscal year ending 31
December 1975, $2,735 million; about 12% of central
government budget
NETHERLANDS ANTILLES
LAND
394 sq. mi,; 5% arable, 95% waste, urban, or other
WATER
Limits of territorial waters (claimed): 3 n. mi.
Coastline: 226 mi.
PEOPLE
Population: 240.000, average annual growth rate
1.6% (1/71-1/73)
Nationality: noun-Netherlands Antillean(s);
adjective-Netherlands Antillean
Ethnic divisions: 85% largely mixed Negro stock
except on Aruba where 12% Negro and approx. 55%
mixed Carib Indian and European; rest European
with some Chinese, especially on Aruba
Religion: predominantly Roman Catholic; sizable
Protestant, smaller Jewish minorities
Language: officially Dutch; predominantly
English; colloquial "papiainento," it Spanish-
Portuguese-Dutch-English mixture
Literacy: 75%-80%
Labor force: 66,000; 1% agriculture, 2195 Industry,
21 % unemployed, 8% construction, 41 % government
and services, 8% other
Organized labor: approx. 15% of labor force
GOVERNMENT
Legal name: Netherlands Antilles
Type: territory within Kingdom of the Netherlands,
enjoying complete domestic autonomy
Capital: Willemstad; Curacao, center of govern.
ment
Political subdivisions: 4 island territories - Aruba,
Bonaire, Curacao, and the Windward Islands - St.
Eustatius, southern part of St. Martin (northern part is
French), Saba
Legal system: based on civil law system, with some
English common law influence; Dutch Country
Statute of 1955 serves as constitution
Branches: federal executive power, under nominal
head of Governor (appointed by the Crown), exercised
by 8-member Council of Ministers or Cabinet;
legislative power rests with 22-member Legislative
Council; independent court system tinder control of
Chief Justice of Supreme Court of justice (administra-
tive functions under Minister of Justice); each island
territory has island council headed by Lieutenant
Governor for local administration
Government leaders: Minister-President Juan
Evertsz
Suffrage: universal age 18 and over
Elections: general elections held every 4 years, last
held August 1973; Island council elections every 2
years, last held April and May 1975
Approved For Release 2002/07/03 : CIA-RDP86T00608R000600100003-3
 Approved For Release 2002/07/03 : CIA-RDP86T00608R000600100003-3 Jrrly 1975
NI 'I'11sI1I.ANDS AN77LLEVNEW CALEDONIA
Political parties and leadersi the Democratic Party
(I)I'); Antilles Social I'togress Movement (MASA)
led by Ciro Kroon; the Andaa Patriotic Party (PPA) led
by S. J,Trompe; the National People's Party (NVP), S.
1). Abbad; the Aruba People's Party (AVP) led by
Dontinleo Guzman Croes; the National Aruban
Union Party/Independent Aruban Party (UNA/PIA)
led by A, Werleman/M. Croes; Bonaire Democratic
Party led by L. A. Abraham; Windward Island
Democratic Party led by A. C. Wathey; Social
Progressive Action Party, S. It. Gocloc; Antillean
Reform Union (UIHA), Roberto Suriel; Curacao
Independent Party (COP), Peter Vander Iloven;
Radical People's Party (Pitt'), Max de Castro:
Worker's Party (Frc.ite Obrero); People's Electoral
Movement (MEP), separatist party
Voting strength (1973 general election): DP/PPA. 8
seats; NVP, 5 seats; Drente Obrero, 3 seats, MEP, 5
seats; labor coalition, I seat
Communists: no Communist Party
Member of: EC (associate), WI 10
ECONOMY
GNP: $250 million (1967), $1,170 per capita; real
growth rate 1967, 3.6%
Agriculture: little production
Major industries: petroleum refining on Curacao
and Aruba; tourism on Curacao, Aruba, and St.
Martin; phosphate mining on Curacao
Electric power: 295,0(10 kw. capacity (1971); 1.4
billion kw.-hr. produced (1971), 5,573 kw.-hr. per
capita
Exports: $724 million (f.o.b., 1971); petroleum
products, phosphate
Imports: $1,024 million (c.i.f., 1971); crude
petroleum, food manufactures
Major trade partners: exports - U.S. 43%. EC
16%, Latin America 13%, U.K. 10%, Canada 7%;
Imports - Venezutia 72%, U.S. 10%, Netherlands 4%
(1968)
Monetary conversion rate: 1.79 Netherlands
Antillean florins (NAF)-US$1, official
Fiscal ye*-: calendar year
COMMUNICATIONS
Railroads: none
Highways: 700 mi.; 350 mi. paved, 220 mi.
otherwise improved, 130 mi. unimproved
Ports: 3 major (Willemstad, Oranjestad, Caracor
Bari), 6 minor
Civil air: 6 major transport aircraft
Airfields: 7 total, all usable; 7 with permanent-
surface runways; 2 with runways 8,000-11,999 ft., 2
with runways 4,000-7,999 ft.; 1 seaplane station
Telecommunications: generally adequate telec:nn
facilities; extensive interisland VII F' links: 42,5(X)
telephones, I32,t7(H) radio and 35,(XX)'I'V receivers. I I
AM and 3 TV stations, 5 submarine cables. Including
I coaxial
DEFENSE FORCES
Military manpower: males 15-49, 60,(XN); 31,0(X)
fit for military service; about 2,0(X) reach military age
(20) annually
Defense Is responsibility of the Netherlands
NEW CALEDONIA
LAND
8,500 sq. mi.; 6% cultivable, 22% pasture land,
15% forests, 57% waste or other
WATER
Limits of territorial waters (claimed): 12 n. mi.
(fishing, 3 n. mi.)
Coastline: 1,400 mi.
PEOPLE
Population: 133,000, average annual growth rate
3.8% (7/61-7/72)
Nationality: noun-New Caledonian(s); adjec-
tive-New Caledonian
Ethnic divisions: Melanesian-Polynesian admix-
ture, over 28,000 Europeans of French extraction
Religion: natives 90% Christian
Language: Mclam:sian-Polynesian dialects
Literacy: unknown
Labor force: size unknown; Javanese and
Tonkinese laborers were imported for plantations and
mines in pre-World War 11 period; immigrant labor
now coming from Wallis Islands, New Hebrides, and
French Polynesia
Approved For Release 2002/07/03 : CIA-RDP86T00608R000600100003-3
 Approved For Release 2002/07/03 : CIA-RDP86T00608R000600100003-3
July 1975
Organized labors unorganized
GOVERNMENT
Legal names OverseasTerritory of New Caledonia
Types French overseas territory; represented In
French parliament by one deputy and one Senator
Capitals Noumea
Political subdivisions: .1 Islands or islaul group
dependencies - Isle of Pines, Loyalty Islands, Ilion
Islands, Island of New Caledonia
Legal systems French law
Branches: administered by Governor, who is also
high Co inrnissioncr for France in the Pacific;
responsible to French Ministry for Overseas France
and Governing Council; Assembles Territorials
Government leader: Jean liisteracci, Governor and
French High Commissioner
Suffrages restricted (1957 election roll listed 32,371)
mules and females over 21 years of age, of whom
18,964 were classed as indigenous inhabitants)
Elections: Assembly elections in 1972
Political parties: Union Caledonienne, Entente.
Democratique et sociale, Union Multiraciule,
Mouvement liberal Caledonien, Union Denocra-
tique, Mouvement Populaire Culedonien
Voting strength (1972 election): Union Caledoni-
enne, 12 seats; Entente Socials et Democrutique, 6
seats; Union Multiracial e, 5 seats; Mouvement
Liberal Caledonien, 5 seals; Union DenocraIique, 4
seats; Mouvement Populaire Caledonien, 2 seats;
Calcdonie Francaise, I seat
Communists: number unknown; Union Culedoni-
enne strongly leftist; sonic politically active
Communists were deported during 1950's; small
number of North Vietnamese
Other political parties and pressure groups:
several lesser parties
ECONOMY
GNP: $193 million, $1,800 per capita (1971 est.)
Agriculture: large areas devoted to cattle grazing;
major products - coffee and vegetables; 60% self
sufficient in beef; most import groins and vegetables
Industry: mining of nickel
Electric power: 261.000 kw. capacity (1974); 1.6
billion kw.-hr. produced (1974), 12,698 kw,-hr. per
capita
Exports: $202 million (f.o.b., 1972); 99% nickel
Imports: $222 million (c.i.f., 1972); machinery,
transport equipment, food
Major trade partners: (1972) exports - France
55%, Japan 24%, U.S. 11%; imports - France 52%,
Australia 13%, rest of EEC 12%
Monetary conversion rate: 86 CFP francs-US$1
(1972)
COMMUNICATIONS
Railroads: none
IUghways: 1,572 nil.; 184 ni. paved; 83H mi.
gravel, crushed stone, or slabllized surface; 55C, mi.
Improved earth
inland waterways: none
Ports: I major, 21 nduor
Civil airs no major transport aircraft
Airfields: 31 total, 31 usable; 2 with pcrrmancnt-
surface runways; 2 with runways 4,0(07,999 ft.;
airfield over 8,(xx) ft.; I seaplane station
Telecommunications: 14,364 telephones; 30,5(x)
radio and 13,(x)) '1'V sets; I AM, no FM, and 3 TV
Statlorns; I cart, 'Illte station
NEW I-IEBRiDES
',AND
About 5,700 sq. mi.
WATER
Limits of territorial waters: 3 n. mi.
Coastline: about 1,570 mi.
PEOPLE
Population: 95,000, average annual growth rate
2.5% (7/68-7/73)
Nationality: noun-New Hebridean(s); adjec-
tive-New Hebrides
Ethnic divisions: 9246 indigenous Melanesian, 3%
European, remainder Vietnamese. Chinese, and
various Pacific Islanders
Religion: most at least nominally Christian
Literacy: probably 10%-20%
GOVERNMENT
Legal name: New Ilcbrides Condominium
Type: Anglo-French condominium
Approved For Release 2002/07/03 : CIA-RDP86T00608R000600100003-3
 Approved For Release 2002/07/03 : CIA-RDP86T00608R000600100003-3
NEW III:111iIDES/NEW ZEALAND
Capital, Vila
Political .subdivislonsr 4 administrative districts
Legal system, 3 sets of courts; one each for French
and British subjects, one for New IfebrIdes native
affairs
Branches: Advisory Council of 30 members with no
real legislative powers, majority elected
Government leader: two resident commissioners,
one French, one British
Political parties and leaders: New Ileiarides
National Party, founded 1971, chairman, Waltef Hof
ECONOMY
Agriculture: export crops of copra, cocoa, coffee,
some livestock and fish production; subsistence crops
of copra, taro, yarns
Electric power: 4,2(X) kw. capacity (1974); II
million kw.-hr, produced (1974), 122 kw.-hr. per
capita
Exports: $16 million (1971); copra, frozen fish
Imports: $23 million (1971)
Monetary conversion rate: I pound-US$2.37
(official currency), 0.74 Australian $eUS$I, 86
Colonial Franc Pacifique (CFP)-US$1 (1972)
COMMUNICATIONS
Railroads: none
Highways: at least 150 ' scaled or all-weather
roads
Inland waterways: none
Ports: 2 minor
Civil air: no major transport aircraft
Telecommunications: I AM broadcast station;
10,000 radio receivers, and 800 telephones
DEFENSE FORCES
Personnel: no military forces maintained, however,
the French and British maintain constabularies of
about 70 men each
LAND
103,736 sq. mi.; 3% cultivated, 47% pasture; 15%
other occupied farmland; 11 % waste, water, etc., 17%
urban, 23% forested; 4 principal islands, 2 minor
inhabited islands, several minor uninhabited islands
WATER
Limits of territorial waters (claimed): 3 n. mi.
(fishing, 12 n. mi.)
Coastline: about 5,200 mi.
PEOPLE
Population: 3,092,000, average annual growth rate
2.2% (1/73-1/74)
July 1975
Nationality: noun-New Zealander(s); adjective-
New Zealand
Ethnic divisions: 93% European, 7% Maori
Religion: 9071 Christian, 9% none or unspecified;
I% Hindu, Confucian, and other
Literacy: 98%
Labor force: 1,021,800; 13% agriculture, 36%
manufacturing and construction, 9% transportation
and communications, 18% commerce and finance,
6% services, 16% administrative and professional, 2%
unspecified (IJOG fir,ures)
Organized labor: 36% of labor force
GOVERNMENT
Legal name: Dominion of New Zealand (rarely
used)
Type: independent state within Cornmonwealth,
recognizing Elizabeth II as head of state
Capital: Wellington
Political subdivisions: 112 counties
Legal system: based on English law, with special
legislation and courts for Maori tribesmen;
constitution consists of various documents, including
certain acts of the U.K. and New Zealand
Parliaments; legal education at Victoria, Auckland,
Canterbury, aed Otago Universities; accepts
compulsory ICJ jurisdiction, with reservations
Branches: unicameral legislature (General As-
sembly, commonly called Parliament); Cabinet
responsible to Parliament; 3-level court system
(Magistrates' Courts, Supreme Court, and Court of
Appeal)
Government leader: Prime Minister Wallace E.
Rowling
Suffrage: universal age 20 and over
Elections: held at 3 year intervals or sooner if
parliament is dissolved by Prime Minister; last elec-
tion November 1972
Approved For Release 2002/07/03 : CIA-RDP86T00608R000600100003-3
 Approved For Release 2002/07/03 : CIA-RDP86T00608R000600100003-3
July 1975
Political parties and leaders: National Party
(Opposition), Robert 1). Muldoon; Labour Party
(Government), Wallace E. Howling; Social Credit
Political League, J. Ii. 01llrien; Communist Party,
George Victor Wilcox; pro-Soviet Socialist Unity
Party, George Edward Jackson
Voting strength (1972 election): National Party 32
seats, Labour Party 55 seats
Communists: CPNZ about 3(N), SUP about 1(N)
Member of, AI)I3, ANZUS, ASPAC. Colombo
Plan, ESCAP, FAO, IAEA, ICAO, IEA, IF(:, Hill.
11.0, IMGO, ITU, OECD, Seabeds Cornrnittee,
SEATO, U.N., UNESCO, UI'U, W11O, WMO
ECONOMY
GNP, $11.7 billion (1974), $3,870 per capita; real
average annual growth (1967-72) 3.3%, 4,8% in 1973
Agriculture: Fodder and silage crops; about nA of
area planted in field crops; main products-wool,
meat, dairy products; New Zealand is it food surplus
country; caloric intake, 3,5(X) calories per day per
capita (1964)
Fishing: crotch 58,000 tons, $21.6 million 1972
Major industries: food processing, textile
production, machinery, transport equipment; wood
and paper products
Electric power: 4,653 kw. capacity (1974); 18.3
billion kw.-hr. produced (1974), 6,101 kw.-hr. per
capita
Exports: $2.5 billion including re-exports (f.o.h..
trade year 1974); principal products (1974) - meat
30%, wool 20%, dairy products 17%
Imports: $2.9 billion (c.i.f., trade year 1974);
machinery 30%, manufactured goods 24%, chemicals
2%
Major trade partners: (trade year 1974) exports-
21% U.K., 17% U.S., 14% Japan, 10% Australia;
imports - 24% Australia, 19% U.K., 13% Japan, 12%
U. S.
Aid: gross official aid deliveries to LDC and
multilateral agencies 1973, $27.6 million
Budget: expenditures, 3,129 million NZ$. receipts,
2,970 million NZ$
Monetary conversion rate: NZ$1 =US$1.3535,
February 175
Fiscal year:, 1 April - 31 March
NOTE: trade data are for year ending 30 June
1974; trade year and fiscal year do not correspond
COMMUNICATIONS
Railroads: 2,982 mi.; all 3'6" gage; 170 mi. double
track; 70 mi. electrified; over 99% government owned
Highways: 57,172 mi.; 27,609 mi. paved, 29,563
mi. gravel or crushed stone
Inland waterways: 1,0(X) ml.; of little importance
to transportation
Pipelinesn natural gas, 488 all.
Ports: 3 major
Civil airs 60 major transport aircraft
Airfields, 174 total, 169 usable; 22 with
permanent-surface runways; 2 with runways 8,000-
11,999 ft., 47 with railways 4,(NN)-7,999 ft.; 4 seaplane
stations
Telecommunications: excellent h,ternutionul and
domestic systems; 1,410,532 telephones; 2,7(N),00O
radio and 760,847 TV sets; 60 AM stations in 31 cities,
no FM, and 4 TV stations, and 120 repeaters;
submarine cables extend to Australia and Fiji Islands;
I ground satellite station
DEFENSE FORCES
Military manpower: males 15-49, 723,(N)0; 610,0(X)
fit for military service; average number reaching
military age (20) annually about 25,000
Military budget: proposed for fiscal year ending 31
March 1975, $211.6 million; about 4% of central
government budget
NICARAGUA
LAND
57,100 sq. mi.; 7% arable, 796 prairie and pasture,
50% forest, 36% urban, waste, or other
Land boundaries: 760 mi.
WATER
Limits of territorial waters (claimed): 3 rn. mi.
(fishing, 200 n. mi.; continental shelf, including
sovereignty over superjaccnt waters)
Coastline: 565 mi.
Approved For Release 2002/07/03 : CIA-RDP86T00608R000600100003-3
 Approved For Release 2002/07/03 : CIA-RDP86T00608R000600100003-3
PEOPLE
Population: 2,1.'A,0(H), average annual growth rate
3.3% (7/70-7/74)
Nationality: norm-Nicaraguan(s); adjective-
Nicaraguan
Ethnic divisions: (3996 mestizo, 17% white, 9%
Negro, 5% Indian
Religion: 95% Roman Catholic
Language: Spanish (official); small English-
speaking minority on Atlantic coast
Literacy: 50% of population 10 years 6 age and
over
Labor force: 620,000 (1974 est,); 50% agriculture,
12% manufacturing, 14% service!;, 24% other;
shortage of skilled labor, but underemployment of un-
skilled labor except during harvest
Organized labor: about 5% of labor force
GOVERNMENT
Legal nam Republic of Nicaragua
Type: republic
Capital: Managua.
Political subdivisions: I national district and 16
departments
Legal system: based on Spanish civil law system;
constitution adopted in 1974; legal education at
Universidad Nacional de Nicaragua and Universidad
Centroamericana; accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdic-
tion
Branches: President (traditionally dominant),
bicameral legislature, judiciary elected by legislature,
and Supreme Electoral Tribunal (4th brunch)
Government leaders: President Anastasio Somoza
Suffrage: universal over age 18 if married or
literate, otherwise 21
Elections: every 6 years; municipal elections every
3 years
Political parties and leaders: Nationalist Liberal
Party (PLN), Anastasio Somoza; Nicaraguan
Conservative Party (PCN), Edmundo Paguaga
Voting strength (1974 elections): PLN, 95% of
votes; PCN, 5% of votes; PCN will, however, occupy
40% of legislative seats by constitutional provision
Communists: Communist movement split into
hard-line Nicaraguan Socialist Party (PSN) illegal, 60
members; soft-line Nicaraguan Communist Party
(PCN) illegal, 40 members, and small pro-Castro
Sandinist National Liberation Front (FSLN) activist,
50-60 members; about 1,000 sympathizers
Other political or pressure groups: Democratic
Union of liberation (UDEL), an opposition front
lacking legal status of a political party, composed of
anti-Somoza political movements and labor groups
with orientations ranging from conservative to
July 1975
Christian Democrat to Communist, leadership
includes Pedro J. Charnorro, fiarniro Sacasa, Ignacio
Zelaya, Manuel Morales, Domingo Sanchez
Member of: CACM, FAO, GAT1', IADII, IAEA,
ICAO, ICJ, 110, INTELSAT, ITU, OAS, ODE('A,
Seabeds Committee, U.N., UNESCO, UNICEF,
UPU, WIlO, WMO
ECONOMY
CDP: 31,220 million (1973 prices, prelim, 1974),
$570 per capita; 73% private consumption, 10%
government consumption, 14% domestic investment,
+3% net foreign balance (1973); real growth rate
1974, 10%
Agriculture: main crops - cotton, coffee,
sugarcane, rice, corn, beans, cattle; caloric Intake,
2,300 calories per (lay per capita (1966)
Fishing: catch 11,200 metric tons (1972); $9.6
million (1970); exports $6.1 million (1971)
Major industries: food processing, chemicals,
metal products, textiles and clothing
Electric power: 217,000 kw. capacity (1972); 700
million kw.-hr. produced (1972), 345 kw.-hr. per
capita
Exports: $377 million (f.o.b., 1974 prelim.); cotton,
coffee, chemical products, meat, sugar
Imports: $539 million (c.i.f., 1974 prelim.); food
and non-food agricultural products, chemicals and
pharmaceuticals, transportation equipment, machin-
ery, construction materials, clothing, petroleum
Major trade partners: exports - U.S. 34%, Japan
12%, CACM 22%, West Germany 9%; imports -U.S.
34%, CACM 27%, Japan 7%, West Germany 7%,
Venezuela 5% (1973)
Aid: economic - extensions from U.S. (U.S. FY46-
73) $137 million loans, $76 million grants;
international organizations (U.S. FY46-73) $240
million; military - from U.S. (U.S. FY46-73), $17
million
Monetary conversion rate: 7 cordobas=US$1
(official)
Fiscal year: calendar year
COMMUNICATIONS
Railroads: 220 mi.; 200 mi. of 3'6" gage,
government owned; 20 mi. narrow gage, privately
owned
Highways: 8,050 mi.; 850 mi. paved, 3,200 mi.
otherwise improved. 4,000 mi. unimproved
Inland waterwaysa 1.380 mi., including 2 large
lakes
Pipelines: crude oil, 45 mi.
Ports: 4 major (Carinto, Puerto Cabezas, Puerto
Somaza, San Juan del Stir), 6 minor
Civil air: 11 major transport aircraft
Approved For Release 2002/07/03 : CIA-RDP86T00608R000600100003-3
 July 1975
Approved For Release 2002/07/03 : CIA-RDP86T00608R000600100003-3
Airfields: .122 total, 416 usable; 5 wUli pertmmment-
surface runways; I with rmtwuy 8,000. 11,999 ft., 8
with runways '1000.7.999 ft.; 2 uvtplane stations
Telecommunications: low-capacity wire and
radio-relay network; connection Into Central
American microwave n0 satellite ground station;
I4,0(8) telephones; est, 700,00(1 radio and 75,000 TV
receivers; 80 AM, 30 FM, and 7 TV stations
DEFENSE FORCES
Military manpower: mules 15.49, 51(1,000; 31(1,00()
fit for military service; 28,000 reach military age (18)
annually
Military budget: for fiscal year ending 31
December 1975, $19.7 million for the Ministry of
Defense, including civil functions (e.g? police and
civil air); 7.4% of central government budget
NIGER
LAND
489,000 sq. mi.; about 3% cultivated, perhaps 20%
somewhat arable, remainder desert
Land boundaries: 3,570 mi.
PEOPLE
Populai3on: 4,599,000, average annual grow"b rate
2.7% (7/70-7/74)
Nationality: noun-Nigerols (sing. and pl.);
adjective-Niger
Ethnic divisions: main Negroid groups 75% (of
which, Hausa 50%, Djerma and Songhai 21%);
Caucasian elements include Tuareg. Toubous, and
Tamacheks; mixed group includes Fulani
Religion: 80% Muslim, remainder largely animists
and a very few Christians
Languagei Drench official, many Afrleatt lun-
guagcs; Vaasa used for trade
Literacy: about W,,
Labor force: 2(1,00(1 swage eanuvs: hulk of
population engaged In suhsisteace agricultore and
animal huslatmlry
Organized labors negligible
GOVERNMENT
Legal name: Itepuhlk' of Niger
Type: republic; military regime to power since
April 1974
Capital: Niamey
Political subdivisions: 7 departments, 32
arrondissements
Legal system: based on French .civil law system
and customary law; constitution adopted 1960,
suspended 1974; judicial review of legislative acts in
Constitutional Chamber of the Supreme Court; has
not accepted compulsory I(:j jurisdiction
Branches: executive authority exercised by
Provisional Supreme Military Council (SMC)
composed of 12 army officers
Government leader: President I,t. Col. Sevai
Kountche
Suffrage: universal over age 21
Elections: political activ: y banned
Political parties and leaders: political parties
banned
Communists: no Communist party; some sympa-
thizers in outlawed Sawaba party
Member of. ACCT, AFDB, CEAO, EAMA, ECA,
Entente, FAO, GA-11',113111), ICAO, ILO, IMF, l'I'U,
Luke Chad Basin Commission, Niger River
Commission, OAU, OCAM, Seabeds Committee,
U.N., UNESCO. UPt' WHO, WMO
ECONaMY
GDP: $400 million (1972 est.), $1(N) per capita
Agriculture: commercial - peanuts, cotton,
livestock; main food crops - millet, sorghum, niche
beans, %agetables
Major industries: cement plant, brick factory, ric-
mili, small cotton gins, oil presses, slaughterhouse, and
a few other small light industries; uranium production
began in 1971
Electric power: 61,200 kw. capacity (1973); 59
million kw.-hr. produced (1973), 13 kw.-hr. per capita
Exports: $62 million (f.o.b., 1973); about 60%
peanuts and related products, rest largely livestock,
hides, skins; exports understated because much
regional trade not recorded
Imports: $86 million (c.i.f., 1973); fuels,
machinery, transport equipment, I +odstuffs, consum-
er goods (largely for European residents); sizable
imports unrecorded
Approved For Release 2002/07/03 : CIA-RDP86T00608R000600100003-3
 Approved For Release 2002/07/03 : CIA-RDP86T00608R000600100003-3
Major trade pnrtnct,.: Trance (liver 5090, other IS( ;
countries, Nigeria, lll)I;A(; tuuntrles. U,S,;
preferential tariff to I':(l atul fruw zone countries
Alth economic --- France (1900 Ill oild-1967) VIN
million; EC (FY61.73) $100 million; (I.S, (FY61-73)
$20 ,nIlllon; West Ceremony, Israel, Hepublle of
China. and U.N. hove also extended aid; military --
$2.8 nlllloo (I1)5I-tiM)
Itudgel, projected In balance at about $70 million
(197,)
Monetary conversion rate: about 216 Cotn-
in nnute Finaut'lere Afrlcalne-US$1 as of January
1075, floating since February 1973
Fiscal year: 1 October - 30 September
COMMUNICATIONS
Railroads: none
highways: approx. 1.610 ntl.; 5130 ml bituminous,
1,640 nul. gravel, 2,420 ml, uniniproved earth
Inland waterways: Niger River navigable 185 miles
from Niamey to Cava on the Dahoniey frontier front
mid-December thraugh Meech
Parts: Niger landlocked; outlet to sea is Cotonou,
Dahomey
Civil air: 5 major transport aircraft
Airfields: 62 total, 59 usable; 5 with permanent-
surface runways. I with runway 8,tXX)-11,999 ft., III
will' runways 4007,999 ft.
Telecommunications: principal telecommunica-
tion center Niamey; telephone poor, telegraph fair,
3,3(X) telephones; I(O).(XX) radio and 500 TV receivers;
4 AM, no FM, and I TV stations
DEFENSE FORCES
Military manpower: males 15-49, 1,042,0(X);
556,(X)) fit for military service; about 43,((() reach
military age (18) annually
NIGERIA
LAND
357,000 sq. mi.; 24% arable (139'0 of total land area
under cultivation). 35% Forested, 41 % desert, waste,
urban, or other
Land boundaries: 2,507 mi.
WATrZR
Limits of territorial waters (claimed): 30 n. mi.
Coastline: 530 mi.
PEOPLE
Population: 63,012,000, average annual growth
rate 2.9% (current)
Nationality: noun-Nigerian(s); adjective-
Nigerian
July 19711
Ethnic divisions: 255) tribal groups, of which must
important are Ilataa-Fulani (north), llm and Yoruba
(south); these 3 tribes total over 609,, of papule loll;
ruhnut 27(X) non-Africans
Religion:.179 M:alim, 34% Christian, 1990 other
Literacy:est. 25%
Language: English official; llausa, Yoruba, and
lbo also widely used
Labor force: approx. 22,5 million; about 415 of
areal population; roughly 1.3 million wage earners, of
whoa 560,(X)0 work In modern enterprises
Organized labor: about 530,((X) wage earners,
approx. 2.4% of total labor force. belong to some 7(X)
unions
GOVERNMENT
Legal name: The Federal Republic of Nigeria
Type: Federal republic since 1963; under military
rule since January 1966
Capital: Lagos
Political subdivisions: 12 states, I I headed by it
military governor, 1 by it civilian administrator
Legal system: based on English common law,
tribal law, and Islamic law; new constitution to be
prepared; accepts compulsory ICJ Jurisdiction with
reservations
Branches: Federal Military Government: decrees
issued by Supreme Military Council, advised by
largely civilian Federal Executive Council; effective
administrative power held by senior civil servants
Government leader: Gen. Yakubu Gowon. Head
of Federal Military Government and Commander in
Chief of Nigerian Armed Forces
Suffrage: universal adult suffrage (except for
women in former Northern Region)
Elections: present government has held no
elections and none are scheduled
Approved For Release 2002/07/03 : CIA-RDP86T00608R000600100003-3
 Approved For Release 2002/07/03 : CIA-RDP86T00608R000600100003-3
July 1075
Political parties and leaderst tail t euI parties and
politically active tribal soclelles were dissolved by
decree on 24 May 1966; some still ruse political
activity continues
Commnunists: the harmed Socialist Workers and
Fartners Party and the Nigerian 'I'rate Union
Congress have it hmiled political following, no
Infliv.nce on government
Member oft AFI)li, Comm(nwealth, "CA, FAO,
IAEEA, 111111), ICAO, IIA), IMCO, IMF, ITU, Lake
Chad Basin Commission, Niger Itiv:r Commission,
OAU, OPEC, Seabeds Committee, U.N., UNESCO,
UPU, 1(110, WMO
ECONOMY
CDP: $22.6 billion (FY75 cut'rent prices), $360 per
capita; 6596 growth rate 1975
Agriculturet main crops - pea-nUls, cotton, cocoa,
rubber, yams, cassava, sorghum, palni kernels, millet,
corn, rice; IN v'"itock; almost self-sufficient
Fishing: catch 1.56,N X) metric tons (1970); imports
$3.7 million (1971)
Major industries: mining - crude oil, natural gas,
coal, tin, coltimbite; processing industries - oil palm,
pea riot, cotton, rubber, petroleum, wood, hides, skins;
manufacturing industries - textiles, cement, building
rnuterials, food products, footwear, chemical,
printing, ceramics
Electric power: 1,111,(()0 kw. capacity (1973); 2.6
billion kw.-hr. produced (1973), 42 kw.-hr. per capita
Exports: $9.3 billion (f.o.b., 1974); oil (9290),
peanuts, palm products, cocoa, rubber, cotton,
timber, tin
Imports: $2.8 billion (c.i.f., 1974); machinery and
transport equipment, manufactured goods, chemicals
Major trade partners: U.K., EC, U.S.
BudgL ' FY75 est. - current revenue $5.1 '0,iion,
current expenditure $1.5 billion, capital expenditure
$2.6 billion, $1 billion transferred to States
Monetary conversion rate: l Naira=US$1.62
(official)
Fiscal year: 1 April - 31 March
COMMUNICATIONS
Railroads: 2,180 route mt.; 3'6" gage
Highways: 55,425 mi.; 9,500 mi. paved (mostly
bituminous surface treatment); 45,925 mi. laterite,
grave, !-shed stone, improved earth
Inland waterways: 5,330 mi. consisting of Niger
and Benue rivers and smaller rivers and creeks;
additionally, the newly formed Kainji Lake has
several hundred miles of navigable lake routes
Pipelines: crude oil, 645 mi.; natural gas, 40 mi.;
refined products, 3 mi.
Ports: 2 major (Lagos, Port Harcourt), 10 minor
Civil air 16 nmlor Irutsport aircraft
Airfields: 1)1 total, 78 usable; 15 with pern imetil-
surface runways: 5 with runways 8,000.11,909 ft., 25
with runways 4,000.7,991) ft,; 4 seaplane slut ions
Telecommunications: composed of radio-relay
links, open-wire lines, 1111(1 radiot-wimi nicalion
slallons; principal center Lagos, secondary centers
Ihadan and Kah:mi; I(6i,3(() Ielepltones; 5 million
radio mid 850)(1 'I'V receivers; 25 AM, 6 FM, and 8
'I'V stations; 2 submarine cables
DEFENSE FORCES
Military manpower: tames 15.49, 14,1990)0;
8,233,0(() fit for military service; average number
reaching military age (18) :naually 7400()
Military budget: for fiscal year ending 31 March
1975, $915,135,500; 21.196 of total budget
LAND
Norway: 125,(XX) sq. mi.; Svalbard, 24,0(X) sq. nni.;
jar Mayen, 144 sq. mi.; 3% arable, 'A% meadows and
pastures, 2196 forested, 7496 other
Land boundaries: 1,603 mi.
WATER
Limits of territorial waters (claimed): 4 n. mi.
(fishing, 12 it. mi.)
Coastline: mainland 2,125 nil.; islands 1,5(X) mi.
(excludes long fjords and numerous small islands and
minor indentations which total as much as 10,000 mi.
overall)
PEOPLE
Population: 4,014,000, average annual growth rate
0.7% (7/73-7/74)
Nationality: noun-Norwegian(s); adjective-
Norwegian
Approved For Release 2002/07/03 : CIA-RDP86T00608R000600100003-3
 Approved For Release 2002/07/03 : CIA-RDP86T00608R000600100003-3
Ethnic divisions: homogeneous while population,
small Lappish minority
Religion: 9696 Evangelical I utheran, - 496 other
Protestant and Iionau Catholic, I % other
Language: Norwegian, small Lapp and Finnish-
speaking minorities
Literacy: 999(,
Labor force: 1.6 million; 19,596 agriculture,
forestry, fishing, 27.096 mining and manufacturing,
9,590 construction, 13.3% commerce, 11.996
transportation and communication, 17.796 services;
1,096 unemployed
Organized labor: 60% of labor force
GOVERNMENT
Legal name: Kingdom of Norway
Type: constitutional monarchy
Capital: Oslo
Political subdivisions: 20 counties, 404 communes,
47 towns
Legal system: mixture of customary law, cl"!l law
system, and common law traditions; constitution
adopted 1814, modified 1884; Supreme Court renders
advisory opinions to legislature when asked; legal
education at University of Oslo; accepts compulsory
ICJ Jurisdiction, with reservations
Branches: legislative authority rests Jointly with
Crown and parliament (Storting); executive power
vested in Crown but exercised by cabinet responsible
to parliament; Supreme Court, 5 superior courts, 10.1
lower courts
Government leaders: King Oluv V; Prime Minister
Trygve Brattelt
Suffrage: Universal, but not compulsory, over age
20
Elections: held every 4 years (next in September
1977)
Political parties and leaders: Anti-Tax Party.
Arve Loennum; Conservative, Kare Willoch;
Christian People's, Lars Korvald; Center, John
Austrheim; Liberal, Ilallvard Eika; New Liberal
People's, I-lelge Seip; Labor, Trygve Brutteli;
combined Socialist Left Party, Berit Aas, 7hairmun
Voting strength (1973 election): 5% Anti-tax;
17.596 Conservative; 12.2% Christian Peoples; 11%
Center; 3.5% Liberal; 3.4% New Liberal Peoples;
35.3% Labor; 11.2% Socialist Electoral Alliance
(includes Democratic Socialist, Socialist People's, and
Communist Party)
Communists: 2,500 est.; a number of sympathizers
as indicated by the 22,500 Communist votes cast in
the 1969 election
Member of: Council of Europe, EC (Free Trade
Agreement), FAO, GATT, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, IDA,
IEA (associnie member), IF(.., 11111, ILO, IMCO,
IMF, I'I'U, NA'T'O, Nordic Council, OECD, Seabeds
Committee, U.N., UNESCO, UPU, WIIO, WM()
ECONOMY
GNP: $18.8 billion In 1973 (at 1973 prices), $4,7410
per capita; 55.396 private ennsumptlun; 28.896
Investment; 16,691 government; net foreign balance -
0.7%; 1972 growth rate 4,096, in cuusltu:l prices
Agriculture: animal husbandry predominates;
main crops - feed grains, potatoes, fruits, vegetables;
409(" self-sufficient; food shortages - food grains,
sugar; caloric intake, 2,940 calories per day percapita
(1969-70)
Fishing: catch 2,7 million metric toes (1973); value
$322 million (1973); exports $27 million
Major industries: food processing, wood pulp,
paper products, metals, machinery, chemicals,
shipbuilding
Shortages: feed and bread grains, coal, cotton,
wool
Crude steel: 962,000 metric tons produced (11)73),
240 kilograms per capita
Electric power: 15,400,000 kw. capacity (197-1);
76.7 billion kw.-hr, produced (1974), 15,500 kw.-h r.
per capita
Exports: $6,265 million. (f.o.b., 1974); principal
items - fish and fish products, metal and metal
products, pulp and paper, chemicals, ships
Imports: $8,401 million (c.i.f., 1974); principal
items - ships, machinery, fuels, foodstuffs
Major trade partners: 1:C 44,491 (U.K. 12.896,
West Germany 12.7%, Denmark 6.796); Sweden
18.3%; U.S. 6.9%; Communist countries 2.19% (1974)
Aid: economic - U.S., $482 million authorized
(FY16-73), $39.7 million in 1973; II111D, $145 million
authorized through 1973, none since 1964; net official
economic aid delivered to less developed areas and
multilateral agencies, $134.2 million (1960-69); $36.8
million (1970); $42.4 million (1971), military - U.S.;
$914.3 million authorized (FY46-73), none since 1967
Budget: (1974) revenues $4,598 million, expendi-
tures $6,580 million
Monetary conversion rate: I kroner=US$0.1804,
1974 average
Fiscal year: calendar year
COMMUNICATIONS
Railroads: 2,662 mi.; State (NSB) operates 2,636
mi. standard gage, 2,589 mi. single track, 1,516 mi.
electrified, 47 mi. double track; 10 mi. standard gage
electrified privately owned; 16 mi. meter (3'33 ') gage
electrified privately owned
Highways: 44,180 mi.; 7,135 mi. paved, 37,045 mi.
crushed stone and gravel
Approved For Release 2002/07/03 : CIA-RDP86T00608R000600100003-3
 Approved For Release 2002/07/03 : CIA-RDP86T00608R000600100003-3
July 197111
Inland waterways: 980 ml,; 5-8 ft, draft vessels
maximum
Pipelinest refined products, 33 nti,
Ports: 9 major, (i9 minor
Civil air: 55 major transport aircraft
Airfields: 95 total, 94 usable; 47 with permanent-
surface runways; I I with runways 8,000-I 1,994) ft., 13
with runways 4,000-7,999 ft.; 20 seaplane stations
Telecommunications: high-quality domestic and
international telephone, telegraph, and telex service;
1.35 million telephones; 2.2 radlobroadcast and 1.02
million TV receivers; 36 AM, 302 FM, and (110 TV
stations; 5 coaxial submarine cables
DEFENSE FORCES
Military manpower: males 15-49, 918,000; 755,000
fit for military service; average number reaching
military age (co)) annually, 32,000
OMAN
Arabian Sea
LAND
About 82,000 sq. mi.; negligible amount forested,
remainder desert, waste, or urban
Land boundaries: 860 mi.
WATER
Limits of territorial waters (claimed): 12 rt. mi.
(fishing 50 n. mi.)
Coastline: 1,300 mi.
PEOPLE
Population: 497,000, average annual growth rate
2.946 (current)
Nationality: noun-Ornani(s); adjective-Omani
Ethnic divisions: almost entirely Arab with small
groups of Iranians, Baluchis, and Indians
Religion: Muslim
Language: Arabic
Literacy: very low
GOVERNMENT
Legal rtamet Sultauuale of Oman
Type: absolute monarchy; nominally independ-
ent but understrong U,K, Influence
Capital: Muscat
Legal system: based on English common law and
Islamic law; no constitution; ultimate appeal to the
Sultan; has not lie"' pled compulsory ICJ jurisdiction
Government leader: Sultan Qabus ibn Said Al Bu
S:: Id
Other political or
Member oft Arab
U. N,
ECONOMY
pressure groups: none
League, Seabeds Co Inn:ittee,
production began in 1967; production 1974 equaled
290,000 b/d; pipeline capacity 4(x),0{)0 b/d; revenue
for 1974 est. at $687 million
Electric power: 27,({)0 kw, capacity (1974); 70
million kw.-hr. produced (1974), 1,13 kw.-hr. per
GNP: $900 million (1974 ('st.), $1,840 per capita
est.
Agriculture: based on subsistence farming (fruits,
dates, cereals, cattle, camels, fish) and trade
Major industries: petroleum discovery in I9(i4?
capita
Exports: mostly petrolettn:;
million (1973)
Imports: $394 million (1974)
non-ail exports $1.2
Major trade partners: U.K.. Gulf states, India,
Australia, China, Japan
Aid: bilateral assistance pledged, $134 million in
1974, If1RD $8 million: aid commitment by OMAN,
$39 million to multilateral institutions
Budget: (1974 revised)
expenditures $720 million
Monetary conversion rate: I
US$2.90 (as of October 1973)
Fiscal year: calendar year
COMMUNICATIONS
Highways: 1,750 mi. total; 3 mi. bituminous sur-
face, remainder motorable natural-surface track
Pipelines: crude oil, 230 mi.
Ports: I major (Qaboos), 6 minor
Civil air: no major transport aircraft
Airfields: 139 total, 133 usable; 4 with permanent-
stiff-lee runways; 3 with runways 8,000-11,999 ft., 48
with runways 4,000-7,999 ft.
Telecommunications: fair international and
domestic service; 3,400 telephones; I AM station
-DEFENSE FORCES
Military manpower: mules 15-49, 118,000; 68,000
fit for military service
 Approved For Release 2002/07/03 : CIA-RDP86T00608R000600100003-3
Military budget) for fiscal year ending December
11174, est. $87,(X)0,000, about 14,946 of total hudgel
LAND
310,0(X) sq. rill. (includes Pakistani part of Jammu-
Kashmir); 40% arable, including 2446 cultivated; 23%
unsuitable for cultivation; 34% unreported, prohably
mostly waste; 3% forested
Land boundaries: 3,650 mi.
WATER
Limits of territorial waters (claimed): 12 it. till.
(fishing 50 it. rill.; plus right to establish 100 it. mi.
conservation zones beyond territorial sea)
Coastline: 650 nat.
PEOPLE
Population: 70,938,0(X) (excluding Junagardh,
Manavadur, Gilgit, Baltistan, and the disputed area
of Jammu-Kashmir), average annual growth rate
3.1% (current)
Nationality: noun-Pakistani(s); adjective--
Pakistani
Religion: 97% Muslim, 3% other
Language: official, Urdu; total spoken languages
-7% Urdu, 645; Punjabi, 12% Sindhi, 8% Pushtu,
9% other; English is lingua franca
Literacy: about 14%
Labor force: 12.7 million (est. 1961); 60%
agriculture, 16% industry, 7% commerce, 15% service,
2% unemployed
Organized labor: 5% of labor force
GOVERNMENT
Legal name: Islamic Republic of Pakistan
't'ype: pnrliwnenlary, federal repuhlle; consllluliun
adopted April 11)73, effecllve August 1973, provides
for hl-cameral legislalurt % strong, prime ntinlsler
Capitah Islatnalaul
Political subdivisions: 4 provinces - Patti oh, Sind,
Iiuluchlslan, and Northwest Frontier - with the
capital territory of Islanrahad and certain Irihal areas
centrally adntlnlstered; Pakistan clalnas that Azad
Kashmir is independent pending it settlement of the
dlspule with India, but It Is In fact under Pakistani
control
Legal system: bused on I.t:glish common haw:
accepts compulsory 11"J jurlsdictiun, wIth reservations
Government leaders: President Fazal Elahl: Prime
Minister Z. A. Bhutto
Suffrage: universal from age 21
Elections: elections for National Assembly bused
an one-Haan/one-vote formula, and for provincial
assemblies were held itt IN-eemher 1970; under 1973
Constitution, next National Assembly elections most
he held no later than 1977
Political parties and leaders: Pakistan People's
Party (I'PP), Z. A. Bhutto; United Muslim League
(UML,), Shaukat llayat Khan and Pir of Pigaro;
National Awa ni Party (NAP), Abdul Wall Khan;
Pakistan Muslim League (QML), Abdul Qaiyutn
Khan; Jarnaaat-l- ISlanai (JI), '1'ofaII Mohammed;
Markazi Jumiat-ul-Ulema-i-Pakistan (MJUP),
Khanwja Qumar-u-Din Slulvi; Jumiat-ul-Ulemu-i-
Islam (JUI), Mufti Maahmud: Tehrik-i-Istiglaal,
Asghar Khan
Communists: party membership negligible; 3,(X)0-
5,(XX) sympathizers
Other political or pressure groups: militc y
remains potentially strong political force
Member of: ADB, LENTO, Coloe.;uo Plan, FAO,
IAEA. IBRD, ICAO, IDA, IFC, 11111, ILO, IMCO,
IMF, ITU, RCD, Seabeds Cotnrnittee, U.N.,
UNESCO, UPU, WI1O, WMO
ECONOMY
GDP: $7.8 billion (FY74) at exchange rate of 9.9
rupees=US$1 prevailing June 1973, $110 per capita;
real growth 6.1% (FY74)
Agriculture: extensive irrigation; :min crops -
wheat and cotton; foodgrain shortage, 1.5 million tons
imported in FY75
Fishing: catch 212,5(X) metric tons (1972); total
value $43.5 million (1972)
Major industries: cotton textiles, food processing,
tobacco, engineering, chemicals, natural gas
Electric power: 2,3700)0 kw, capacity (1974);
10.4 billion kw.-hr. produced (1974), 152 kw.-hr. per
capita
Approved For Release 2002/07/03 : CIA-RDP86T00608R000600100003-3
 Approved For Release 2002/07/03 : CIA-RDP86T00608R000600100003-3
July 11)15
Exports: $1,020 million (fob, FY74); cotton (raw
and manufactured), rice
Imports: $1,371 million (c,l,f., FY74): wheat, crude
oil, mucbinery, transport equlpn-ent, cb:unical%
Major trade partners: U.S., U.K? Japan, West
Germany
Budget: expenditures, I'Y75 -- current expendl-
tores, $I,I(H) mlIIIU:; capital expenditures, $861)
million
Monetary conversion rate: 9.9 rupees-US$I
(since February 1973)
Fiscal year: I July - 30 June
COMMUNICATIONS
Railroads: 5,465 mi.; 277 mi, meter gage, 4,808 mi.
broad gage, 380 mi. narrow gage; 6635 mi, double
track; 17i; mi. electrified; government owned
Highways: 43,ri(X) mi.; 11,922 ml. paved, 8,040 mi.
gravel, 1,146 mi. Improved earth; 22,392 mi. uniin-
proved earth
Inland waterways: 1,150 aril,
Pipelines: crude oil, 143 nil.; natural gas, I,2(X) mi.
Ports: I major, 5 minor
Civil air: 19 major transport aircraft
Airfields: 113 total, 110 usable; 64 with
permanent-surface runways; I with runway over
12,000 ft., 34 with runways 8,0(X)-I 1,999 ft., 51 with
runways 4,000-7,999 it.
Telecommunications: excellent international
radiocommunication service over CENTO links;
domestic wire and radiocommunication and
broadcast service very good; 195,325 (est.) telephones;
1,015,000 radio and 125,006 TV sets; 20 AM, no FM,
3 TV stations, and 3 repeaters; I ground satellite
station
DEFENSE
Military manpower: males 15-49, 17,093,000;
9,494,000 fit for military service; 13.33,000 reach
military age (17) annually
Military budget: for fiscal year ending 30 June
1975 $607 million; about 31% of total budget
PANAMA
LAND
29,208 sq. mi. (excluding Canal Zone, 553 sq. mi.);
24% agricultural land (9% fallow, 4% cropland, I I %
pasture), 20% exploitable forest, 56% other forests,
urban, and waste
Land boundaries: 390 mi.
WATER
Limits of territorial waters (claimed): 200 n. mi.
(continental shelf including sovereignty over super-
jacent waters)
PEOPLE
Population: 1,668,(X00, average annual growth rate
3.196 (7/73-7/74)
Nationality: noun-1'unaunanlan(s); adJective-
I'anannlan
Ethnic divisions: 7090 mestizo, 1490 Negro, 9%
white, 796 Indian and other
Religion: over 90% liornan Catholic, remainder
mainly Protestant
Language: Spanish; about 14% speak English as
native tongue; many Panamanians bilingual
Literacy: 82% of population 10 years of age and
over
Labor force: 482,200 (1972 est.); 39.5% commerce,
finance and services; 33.9% agriculture, hunting and
fishing; 9.7% manufacturing and mining; 6.8%
construction; 5% Canal Zone; 3.9% transportation
and communications; 1.2% utilities; national average
of 6.8% unemployed; shortage of skilled labor but an
oversupply of unskilled labor
Organized labor: 8,496 of labor force (1972 est.)
GOVERNMENT
Legal name: Republic of Panama
Type: republic
Capital: Panama
Political subdivisions: 9 provinces, I intendancy
Legal system: based on civil law system;
constitution adopted in 1972; judicial review of
legislative acts in the Supreme Court; legal education
at University of Panama; accepts compulsory ICJ
jurisdiction, with reservations
Branches: popularly elected unicameral legislature
which elects the President; presidentially appointed
Supreme Court
Government leaders: Demetrio Lakas is Constitu-
tional President and Chief of State, but subordinate to
Approved For Release 2002/07/03 : CIA-RDP86T00608R000600100003-3
 Approved For Release 2002/07/03 : CIA-RDP86T00608R000600100003-3
Ceu, Onmr 'I'orrijus, the National Cuutd Connna-t-
lbint who waS given slleclld powers for 6 years by the
Constitutional Assembly In 1972
Suffrage: uMwvsal and compulsory over age 21
Elections: clod inns for assenll:ly of represevllatlves
of the corregin-lentos August 1972; next electlon
August 1978
Political parties and IeallersI political parties
suspentletl pending revision of electoral code
Comtnunlst Party Illegal but allowed to operate
Voting strength (1908 election): 55%6 Anndfo
Atlas Madrid (Notional Union Coalition), 4276 David
Satnudin (People's Alliance), 376 Antonio Gonzalez
Itevllht (Christian Democratic Party); no parties were
active In the 1972 elections
Communists: 100 active and several handed
inactive members People's Party (PdI'); Communist;
1,0(X) synnpathizers; National Liberation Movement
(MI.N) and Vanguard of National Action (VAN)
Inactive as pro-Castro organizations, 40.60 members
Other political or pressure groups: National
Council of Private I?nlerprise (CON EP)
Member of: IAI)li, IAEA, ICAO, OAS, Seabeds
Committee, U.N.
ECONOMY
GDP: 1,460 million (1973 est.), $930 per capita:
62% piivuto consumption, 1476 government con-
sumption, 30% gross fixed investment, -6% net
foreign balance (1973); real growth rate 1971-73
average, 7.2%
Agriculture: main crops - bananas, rice, corn,
coffee, sugarcane; self-sufficient in most basic foods;
2,450 calories per day per capita (1969)
Fishing: catch 56,500 metric tons. $10.4 million
(1971); exports $13.3 million (1971); imparts $2.0
million (1971)
Major industries: food processing, metal products,
construction materials, petroleum products, clothing
Electric power (including Canal Zone): 378,W0
kw. capacity (1972); 1.3 billion kw.-hr. produced
(1972), 710 kw.-hr. per capita
Exports: $133 million (f.o.b., 1973); bananas,
petroleum products, shrimp, sugar, meat, coffee
Imports: $449 million (f.o.b., 1973); manufactures,
transportation equipment, crude petroleum, chemi-
cals, foodstuffs
Major trade partners: exports - U.S. 44% Canal
Zone NA, West Germany 15%; imports-U.S. 35%,
Ecuador 11%, Venezuela 7% (1973)
Aid: economic - from U.S. (FY46.73), $254
million loans, $137 million grunts; from international
organizations (FY46-73), $178 million; from other
Western countries (1960-71), $28.9 million; military
- assistance from U.S. (FY46-73), $6 million
)uly 1975
Monetary conversion rater I balbua-(1S$I
(official)
Fiscal year: calendar year
COMMUNICATIONS
Rallroads: 305 till,; 48 tml, .3'O" gage, 107 ml.:YO"
gage; I SO till, plantallon feeder lines
111ghways- 4,150 nil,; 1,350 till. paved, 900 mill,
gravel or crushed stone, I,9(() till, Improved and
unimproved earth; Put:anut (:wail Zone 1,15 till.; 1,10
ml. paved; 5 till. gravel
Inland waterwayu: 5(X) till. navigable 1A shallow
draft vessels; 51-mile Patlatnu Canal
Pipelines: refined products, 60 mi.
Ports: 2 major (Cristobal/Colon/Coon Solo,
ll:db(1a/1'almrmt City), 10 minor
Civil air: 26 major transport aircraft
Airfields: 128 Iolal, 119 usable; 20 with
por-nanent-surface runways; 3 with runways 80)0-
11,099 ft.; 13 with runways'1(XX)-7,999 ft.; 2seal} gilt'
stations
Telecommunications: domestic and International
telecom facilities well developed, including nearly
nationwide radio-relay system; connection Intel
central American microwave net; Coll) In till leat ions
satellite ground station; 123,0)0 telephones; 575,0(9)
radio and 240,((X) 'I'V receivers; 80 AM, 30 FM, and
13 'I'V stations; I coaxial submarine cable
DEFENSE FORCES
Military manpower: nnales 15.49, 366,(XN); 252,0(X)
fit for military service; no conscription
Military budget: for fiscal year ending 31
December 1972, $18 million; about 1176 of central
government budget
PAPUA NEW GUINEA
LAND
183,540 sq. mi. (Papua 90,540 sq. n:i., New Guinea
93,000 sq. mi.)
Land boundaries: 600 mi.
WATER
Limits of territorial waters (claimed): 3 n. mi.
(fishing, 12 n. mi.)
Coastline: about 3,200 mi.
PEOPLE
Population: 2,805,000, average annual growth rate
2.8% (7/66-7/72)
Nationality: noun-Papua New Guinean(s);
adjective-Papua New Guinean
Approved For Release 2002/07/03 : CIA-RDP86T00608R000600100003-3
 July Il&proved For Release 2002/07/03 : CIA-RDP86T00608R000600100003-3
I'A1'(/A NEW GUINEA
Ethnic divisions: predominantly Melanesian and
Papuan, some Negrito, Micronesian, and Polynesian
types
Religions over one-half of population nominally
Christian (400,000 Catholic, 320,0(N) Lutheran, other
Protestant sects); remainder animist
Languages 700 indigenous languages; pidgin
English and 2 or 3 native languages are linguae
francue for over one-half of population; English
spoken by 1% to 2% of population
Literacy: 1%; in English, 0.1%
Labor force: no available figures; mostly
subsistence farmers
GOVERNMENT
Legal name: Papua New Guinea
Type: self-governing territory under Administrator
appointed by Australia
Capital: Pore Moresby
Political subdivisions: 18 administrative districts
(12 in New Guinea, 6 in Papua); New Guinea
(including Bismarck archipelago and Bougainville) is
a U.N. Trust Territory
Legal system: based on English common law;
highest judicial organ is High Court of Australia
Branches: executive - Administrator and
Executive Council; legislature - House of Assembly
(100 members, plus 4 appointed); judiciary - court
system consists of Supreme Court of Papua New
Guinea and various inferior courts (District Courts,
Local Courts, Children's Courts, Wardens' Courts);
Supreme Court decisions may be appealed to High
Court of Australia
Government leader: Administrator, L. W.
Johnson; Chief Minister, Michael Somare
Suffrage: universal adult suffrage
Elections: preferential-type elections for 100-
member House of Assembly every 4 years
Political partles, Ihuty,u Party Is principal political
group; 5 or 0 other stuall parties and numerous
independents
Voting strength (1012 election), Tanga Party and
Allies won 52 seals, United Party 42 seals,
Independence 6 seat
Cornmunlslst no significant Strength
ECONOMY
CNPt $1 billion (1072 estimate), $380 per capita;
real average anneal growth rate (1060.60) 7.5%
Agriculture: main crops - coconuts, coffee, cocoa,
lea
Major industries: sawmilling and timber process-
ing, capper mining (Bougainville)
Electric power: 223.000 kw, capacity (1074); 5o0
million kw.-hr. produced (1074), 203 kw.-hr. per
capital
Exports: $721 million (f,o,b? FY74); principal
products - copper, coconut products, coffee beaus,
timber
Imports: $365 million (f.o.b., FY74)
Major trade partners: Australia, U.K., Japan
Aid: economic - Australia - $254 million
extended 1973; World Bank group (1968-September
1969) - $7.5 million committed; U.S. (FY70.
74) $32.5 million extended
Budget: (74-75) receipts 311 million Australian $,
expenditures 321 million Australian $
Monetary conversion rate: Kina $1 - I Australian $
Fiscal year: 1 July - 30 June
COMMUNICATIONS
Papua
Railroads: none
Hi;41.ways: approx. 2,480 mi.; about 1,360 mi.
suitable for heavy and medium traffic, and about
1,120 mi. suitable for light traffic
Inland waterways: 800 mi.; not including minor
rivers
Ports: 1 principal (Port Moresby), I secondary
Civil air: see New Guinea (below)
Airfields: see New Guinea (below)
Telecommunications: see New Guinea (below)
New Guinea
Railroads: none
Highways: approx. 6,430 mi.; approx. 3,865 mi.
suitable for heavy and medium traffic, and 2,565 mi.
suitable for light traffic only
Inland waterways: 1,350 mi., northeast New
Guinea; minor rivers not included
Pipelines: crude oil, 87 mi.
PAPUA-' ...t:- ' ORRUN
NEW OUIN6A- t{OLOMON1
' Pm
Approved For Release 2002/07/03 : CIA-RDP86T00608R000600100003-3
 Approved For Release 2002/07/03 : CIA-RDP86T00608R000600100003-3
1'ortu 4 principal (Itubaul, I.ne, \1aditag,
Kavieng), 4 minor
Civil airy 20 major transport aircraft; Air Nluginl,
new national airline, began operations in November
1973
Airfields: 514 total, 479 usable; 13 with
permanent-surface aunways; 4(i with runways.1,(XX)-
7,099 ft,; I with runway 8,(XX) It. - Nadzab
Telecommunications: Papua New Guinea telecom
services are adequate and are being Improved;
principal telecom centers Include Coroka, I.ae,
Madaig, Mount IIagen, and Wewak in New Culnea,
and Darn, Port Moresby till(] Samara] In Papua;
facilities provide radiobroadeast, radlotelephone and
telegraph, coastal radio, aeronautical radio and
international radioconmtunicatiou services; numerous
privately owned radio facilities exist; submarine
cables extend from Madarig to Australia and Cuain;
32,384 telephones, I02,(XX) radios, but no TV sets; 29
AM, no FM and no TV facilities
DEFENSE FORCES
Military manpower: males 15-49, 664,((X) (Papua
175,000, N'.w Guinea 489,0(X)); about 352,(XX) fit for
military se, vice (Papua 91,000, New Guinea 261,(X)))
Defense; Is responsibility of Australia
PARAGUAY
LAND
157,000 sq. mi.; 2% under crops, 24% meadow and
pasture, 52% forested, 22% urban, waste, and other
Land boundaries: 2,140 mi.
PEOPLE
Population: 2,547,000, average annual growth rate
2.7% (10/62-7/72)
July 1975
Natlonalityi noun-l'aaguayan(s); aadjective-
Paragunyan
Ethnic divisions: 95% mestizo, 5% while and
Indian
Religion: 9771, Boman Catholic
Languages Spanish and Cuvranl
Literacy: officially estimated ;at 74%, above age 10,
but probably much lower (40%)
Labor force: 8(X),(XX) (1971 mt.): 55% agriculture,
forestry, fishing; 8% transport and othcrservices; 19%
manufacturing and construction; 13% cxanmerce and
professions; 5% iniscellaneous (est. 1902)
Organized labor: about 59f'~ of labor force
GOVERNMENT
Legal name: Republic of Paraguay
Type: republic; wader authoritarian rill(,
Capital: Asuncion
Political subdivisions: 16 departments tared the
nutimal capital, 154 r::ur:icipadhill's
Legal system: based on Argentine codes, Roman
law, and French codes; constitution promulgated
1967; Judicial review of legislative acts In Supreme
Court; legal education at National University of
Asuncion and Catholic University of Our Lilly of the
Assumption; clues not accept compulsory ICJ
jurisdiction
Branches: President heads executive; bicameral
legislature; judiciary headed by Supreme Court
Government leader: President (General) Alfredo
Stroessner
Suffrage: universal; compulsory between ages of
18-60
Elections: President and Congress elected together
every 5 years; last election held in February 1973
Political parties and leaders: Colorado Party, Juan
Ramon Chavez; Liberal Party (Levi-Liberal Party),
Carlos Levi Ruffinelli; Febrerista Party, Manuel
Benitez; Radical Liberal Party (regular Liberal Party),
Domingo Laino; Christian Democratic Party (not
officially inscribed), Levis Resek
Voting strength (February 1973 general elec-
tion): 84% Colorado Party, 13% Radical Liberal
Party, 3% Liberal Party, Febrcrista Party boycotted
elections
Communists: Oscar Creydt faction and Miguel
Angel Soler faction (both illegal); est. 3,000 to 4,000
party members and sympathizers in Paraguay, very
few are hard core; party in exile is small and deeply
divided
Other political or pressure groups: Popular
Colorado Movement (MoPoCo) led by Epifanio
Mendez Fleitas, in exile
Member of: FAO, IADB, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO,
IMF, LAFTA, OAS, Seabeds Committee, U.N.,
WHO
Approved For Release 2002/07/03 : CIA-RDP86T00608R000600100003-3
 Approved For Release 2002/07/03 : CIA-RDP86T00608R000600100003-3
July 1975
ECONOMY
GDP, $1.0 billion (1971, in 11)73 dollars), $?1(1) per
capita; 8,190 coils 11111 p11(111; 1690 gross dorneslle
Investment (1973); real growth rate 1974 est., 8.090
Agriculture: main crops --- oilseeds, cotton, wheal,
rnwrloc, sweet potatoes, tobacco, corn, rice,
sugarcane; self-sufficient In most foods; caloric intake,
2,580 calories per day per capita (11)(33.64); protein
lulake, 70 grams per day per capita (20 grants of
animal origin)
Major Industries: meal packing, ollseed crushing.
milling, brewing, textiles, light consumer goods.
cement
Electric power 201,((1) kw, capacity (11)73); 299.6
million kw,-hr. produced (1973), 124 kw.-hr. per
capita
Exports: $169,8 million (f.o.b., 1974); meat,
timber, oilseeds, tobacco, cotton, quebracho extract,
hides, ycrba mate, coffee
Imports: $151.4 million (v.1.F? 1974); foodstuffs,
machinery, transport equipment, fuels and lubricants,
textiles, chemicals
Major trade partners: U.S. 15%, Argentina 1490,
West Germany 13%, U.K. 9%
Aid: economic assistance - extensions From U.S.
(FY46.74), $79.0 million loans, $70.5 million grants;
from International organizations (FY46-73), $195.5
million; from other Western countries (1960-70),
$21.9 million; military - assistance from U.S. (FY57-
74), $19.0 million
Monetary conversion rate: 126 gnuranies=US$1
(official rate)
Fiscal year: calendar year
COMMUNICATIONS
Railroads: 652 mi.; 273 mi. standard gage, 85 mi.
3'3%" gage, 294 mi. various narrow gage (privately
owned)
Highways: 9,900 mi.; 400 mi. bituminous treated,
3,100 mi. otherwise improved, 6,400 mi. unimproved
earth
Inland waterways: 1,970 mi.
Ports: I major (Asuncion), 9 minor (all river)
Civil air: 7 major transport aircraft
Airfields: 917 total, 824 usable; 1 with permanent-
surface runway; 2 with runways 8,000-11,999 ft., 22
with runways 4,000-7,999 ft.; I seaplane station
Telecommunications: local telecom facilities in
Asuncion good, intercity microwave net; 32,000
telephones; est. 730,000 radio and 60,000 TV
receivers; 25 AM, 8 FM, and 1 TV station; COMSAT
station under construction
DEFENSE FORCES
Military manpower: males 15-49, 614,000; 465,000
fit for military service; average number currently
reaching military age (17) annually, 28,000
PERU
LAND
496,0(X1 sq, ml. (other estimates range as low as
482,((0 sq. till.); 2% cropland, 14% meadows and
pastimes, 550 forested, 2995 urban, waste, other
Land boundaries: 3,810 fill.
WATER
Limits of territorial waters (claimed): 200 if. ml.
Coastline: ON) fill,
PEOPLE
Population: 14,819,((0 (excluding Indian jungle
population which was estimated at 101,((X) in 1961
average annual growth rate 2.9% (7/61-6/72)
Nationality: noun-Peruvian; adjective-Peruvian
Ethnic divisions: 4695 Indian; 38% mestizo (white-
Indian); 15% white; 1% Negro, Japanese, Chinese
Religion: predominantly Ruffian Catholic
Language: Spanish, Quechua, Aymara
Literacy: 45% to 50%
Labor force: 4.4 million (1973); 4695 agriculture,
17% services, 1495 manufacturing. 9% trade, 4%
construction, 4% transportation, 2% mining, 4% other
Organized labor: 25% of labor force
GOVERNMENT
Legal name: Republic of Peru
Type: republic; under military regime since
October 1968
Capital: Lima
Political subdivisions: 23 departments with limited
autonomy plus constitutional Province of Callao
Legal system: based on civil law system; military
government rules by decree; legal education at the
National Universities in Lima, Trujillo, Arequipa, and
Cuzco; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction
Approved For Release 2002/07/03 : CIA-RDP86T00608R000600100003-3
 Approved For Release 2002/07/03 : CIA-RDP86T00608R000600100003-3
Itranehesr execullve, Ieglslullve, j(tdicial; congress
disbanded after 3 Octolier I11(18 ouster of ('resident
Fenuamlo Belattnde 'ferry
Government leaden 1'u sidenl, Cwwrul (ml, ) J utut
Velasco Alvarado
Suffrages obligatory for citizens (defined as udull
men and wommi and married persons over age 18)
uotil age 60
1 lectionsi Wont' scheduled
Political parties and leaders: (;hristiun Demo-
entllc Party (I'I)C), Carlos Quiroga Culierrez,
supports the govvrnoient; opposition parties Include
the outlawed Popular Action Tartu (Al'), l ernando
Beluun(I( 'f'erry (in exile); American Popular
Revolutionary Alliance (AI'ItA), Victor Iinol Ilaya de
Its Torre; and Popular Christian Party (ITC), Luis
Bedoya Heyes
Voting strength (1903 election): 39% AI'-I'D(;,
31% APItA, 25% UNO, I",i Communist, I% other
Communists: pro-Soviet (I'(P/S) 2,0(X); pro-
Chinese (2 factions) 1,2(8)
Other political or pressure groups: government-
sponsored social mobilization system (SINAMOS); it
pro-govenuncnt political organization is currently in
the formative stage
Member of: GATT, IADB, (AEA, ICAO, LAFTA
and Andean Pact, OAS, Seabeds Committee, U.N,
ECONOMY
GNP: $8.56 billion (1974), 9590 per capita; 73%
private consumption, 10% public consumption, 12%
gross investment (1972); 5% net foreign balance; real
growth rate 1973, 6.3%
Agriculture: main crops - wheat, potatoes, beans,
barley, coffee, cotton, sugarcane; imports wheat,
meat, lard and oils, rice, corn; caloric intake, 2,30(
calories per day per capita (196.1)
Fishing: catch 3.9 million metric tons (1974);
exports $250.0 million (1971)
Major industries: mining of metals, petroleum,
fishing, textiles and clothing, food processing, cement,
auto assembly, steel, shipbuilding, metal fabrication
Electric power: 2,255,400 kw, capacity (1973); 6.7
billion kw.-hr. produced (1973), 485 kw.-hr. per
capita
Exports: $2,405 million (f.o.b.. 1974); Fish and fish
products, copper, silver, iron, cotton, sugar, lead, zinc,
petroleum, coffee
Imports: $1,795 million (1974); foodstuffs,
machinery, transport equipment, iron and steel
scmimanufactures, chemicals, pharmaceuticals
Major trade partners: exports - U.S. 33%,
Western Europe 30.2%, Japan 14%, Communist Bloc
countries 10.2%, Latin America 7%; imports - U.S.
July 11)7(1
29%, Wtrvlero Elorope 3156, Latin Anwricu 15"6,
Japan 8% (1972)
Aldi economic - extensions frosts U.S, (FY46.78),
$583 million loons, 921(1 million grunls; from
lolenutlional organizations (11'40.73), 95,[1(1 million;
front other Western cmuttries (11160.72), $13611
rnlllion; Cotmmudst countries (1969.7-1) $263 rn1111on;
military - assistance from U.S, (FY49.73), $143
million; from Conununist countries (1971), $38
million
Monetary conversion rater 38,70 soles-US$1
(trade); 43,38 soles -l1S$1 (non-I rude)
Fiscal year: calendar year
COMMUNICATIONS
Railroads: approx, 1,5(10 nd.; 1,227 nti. -1'816"
gage; .11 mi. gage less than 3'O"; 282 mi. 3'0" gage; 1)
mi. double track
Highways: 31,5(8) rni,; 3,100 mi. paved, 6,2(8) nil.
gravel or crushed stone, 9,200 mi. improved varth,
1,300 mi, unimproved earth
Inland waterways: 5,400 mi, of navigable
tributaries of Amazon River system and 130 mi. I,a!,c
Titicaca
Pipelines: crude oil, 2(8) ml.; natural gas art(]
natural gas liquids. 40 mi.
Ports: 7 major, 20 minor
Civil air: 29 major transport aircraft
Airfields: 306 total, 306 usable; 22 with
permanent-surface runways; 2 with runways over
120)0 ft., 20 with runways 8,000-11,999 ft., 47 with
runways 4,(8)0-7,999 ft.; 3 seaplane stations
Telecommunications: fairly adequate for most
requirements; new radio-relay system under
construction; communications satellite ground
station; 320,0(8) telephones; 2.2 million radio and
490,(88) TV receivers; 215 AM, 7 FM, and 31 TV
stations
DEFENSE FORCES
Military manpower: males 15-49, 3,355.(8)0;
2,275,0(X) fit for military service; average number
currently reaching military age (20) annually, 150,000
Military budget: a biennial budget for 1 January
1975 through 31 December 1976, $871 million; about
15.2% of central government biennial budget
LAND
116,000 sq. mi.; 53% forested, 30 c, arable land, 550
permanent pasture, 12% other
Approved For Release 2002/07/03 : CIA-RDP86T00608R000600100003-3
 July I#Vgproved For Release 2002/07/03 : CIA-RDP86T00608R000600100003-3
PHILIPPINES
WATER
Limits of territorial waters (claimed): 0.300 n. mi,
(under an archipelago theory, waters within straight
liut's Juining appropriate poInts of outermost Islands
are considered Internal waters; waters between these
baselines and the limits described in the Treaty of
Paris, December 10, 1898, the U.S.-Spain 't'reaty of
November 7, 19(X), and the U.S.-U. K. Treaty of
January 2, 1930 are considered to the the territorial sea)
Coastline: about 14,(XX) mi,
PEOPLE
Population: 42,8450X), average annual growth
rate 3.39': (current)
Nationality: noun-Filipino(s); adjective-Philip-
pine
Ethnic divisions: 91.595 Christian Malay. 491
Muslim Malay, I.5 Chinese, 3?5 other
Religion: 8395 Boman Catholic, 1095 Protestant,
4/o Muslim, 394 Buddhist and other
Language: Tagalog (renamed Pilipitm) is the
national language of the Philippine Republic; English
is the language of school instruction aril government
business
Literacy: about 83%
Labor force: II million; 60% agriculture, forestry,
fishing. 1295 manufacturing, 10,590 commerce, 10.5%
government and services (business, recreation,
domestic. personal), 3.595 transport, storage,
communication, 3% construction; 0.5% other
GOVERNMENT
Legal name: Republic of the I'hilippir:es
Type: republic
Capital: Quezon
Political subdivisions: 72 provinces
Legal system: based on Spanish, Islamic, and
Anglo-American law; parliamentary c4,nrtitutiou
passed 1973; judicial review of legislative acts in the
Snprenne Court; legal education at tlnivvrslly of the
I'I:illpplnes, Aleneo de Manila University, and 71
ether law schools; accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdle-
tlon, wllh reservuUuns; currently helm; ruled under
martial lass
Branches: new cooslllullnn (currently suspen(led)
provides for unlcanuem) Nullunal Assennhly, mind u
strung executive branch under a prime minister;
judicial branch headed by Supreme Court with
descending authority In it Court of Appeals, courts of
First Instance In varlous provinces, municipal courts
In chartered cities, and justices of the pence In towns
and nruniclpulIUes; these justices have considerably
more uulhurlly than do justices of the peace In III(-
U.S.
Government leader: President Ferdinand E.
M;;rcos
Sufitager universal over age 18
Elections: elections suspended for the indefinite
future
Political parties and leaders: political parties
currently In limbo because of martial law
Communists: about 1,9(X) armed insurgents
Member of: ADI1, ASEAN, ASI'AC, Colombo
I'lun, ESCAI', FAO, IAKA, 1111(1), ICAO, IF(:, Illit,
11.0, IMCO, IMF, ITU, Seabeds Committee,
SEATO, U.N.. UNESCO, UNICEF, UI'U, WHO.
WM0
ECONOMY
GNP: S1d.0 billion (1974), $340 per capita
Agriculture: main crops - rice, corn, coconut,
sugarcane. bananas, ubacu, lahacco
Fishing: catch 1.3 million metric tons (1971)
Major industries: agricultural processing. textiles.
chemicals and chemical products
Electric power: 2,99308) kw. capacity (1974);
11.9 billion kw.-br. produced (I974). 287 kw,-hr. per
capita
Exports: $2,62.1 million (f.o.b.. 1971); sugar,
coconut products, logs and Iumber, copper
concentrates, abaca
Imports: $3.140 million (f.o.b., 1974); petroleum,
industrial equipment, grains
Major trade partners: (1973) exports-36% U.S.,
3695 Japan; imports - 2855 U.S., 32 i Japan
Aid: economic - U.S. (F1'46-74), $2.1 billion
committed; Japan (CY70-74). $266 million conimit-
ted; IBRD/IDA (CYCJi-74), $466 committed; military
- U.S. (F)'46-74), $735 million committed
Budget: (FY75) revenues $2.1 billion, expenditures
$2.5 billion, deficit $0.4 billion; 1195 military, 8.1%
civilian
Monetary conversion rate: 7.0.3 pesos=USSI,
February 1975
Fiscal year: I July - 30 June
Approved For Release 2002/07/03 : CIA-RDP86T00608R000600100003-3
 Approved For Release 2002/07/03 : CIA-RDP86T00608R000600100003-3
COMMUNICATIONS
Railroads: 2,177 mi.; 2 common-carrier systems (36
gage) totaling about 727 nil,; I9 industrial systems
with 4 different gages totaling 1,450 till.; 34%
government owned
Highways: 45,690 fill.; 8,886 mi, paved; 23,770 ml.
gravel, crushed stone, or stabilized soil surface; 13,034
mi. improved earth
Inland waterways: 2,000 mi.; limited to shallow-
draft (less than 5 ft.) vessels
Pipelines: refined products, 157 till.
Ports: I I major, 100 minor
Civil air: 75 major transport aircraft
Airfields: 336 total, 313 usable; 46 with
permanent-surface railways; 7 with runways 8,000-
11,999 ft., 25 with runways 4,000-7,999 ft.
DEFENSE FORCES
Military manpower: males 15-49, 9,318,000;
6,691,000 fit for military service; about 400,000 reach
military age (20) annually
Supply: limited small arms ammunition, small
patrol craft, and helicopter production; other materiel
obtained almost exclusively from U.S.; naval ships
and equipment from Australia, Japan, Singapore, and
Italy; aircraft and helicopters from West Germany,
Italy, and U.S.
Military budget: for fiscal year ending 30 June
1975, $103 million; about 19% of total budget
LAND
120,600 sq. mi.; 49% arable, 1456 other
agricultural, 27% forested, 10% other
Land boundaries: 1,920 mi.
July 1975
WATER
Limits of territorial waters (claimed): 3 it. mi.
(fishing, 12 it. till.)
Coastline: 305 mi.
PEOPLE
Population: 34,022,000, average annual growth
rate 1.0% (current)
Nationality: noun-Pole(s); adjective-Polish
Ethnic divisions: 98,7% Polish, 0.6% Ukrainians,
0,5% Belorussians, less than 0,05% Jews, 0,2% other
Religion: 95% Roman Catholic (about 75%
practicing), 5% Uniute, Greek Orthodox, Protestant,
and other
Language: Polish, no significant dialects
Literacy: about 98%
Labor force: 16.3 million; 3845 agriculture, 26%
industry, 36% other non-agriculture
GOVERNMENT
Legal name: Polish Peoples Republic (I'RL)
Type: Communist state
Capital: Warsaw
Political subdivisions: 49 provinces
Legal system: mixture of Continental (Napoleonic)
civil law and Communist legal theory; constitution
adopted 1952; court system parallels administrative
divisions with Supreme Court, composed of 104
justices, at apex; no judicial review of legislative acts;
legal education at 7 law schools; has not accepted
compulsory ICJ jurisdiction
Branches: legislative, executive, judicial system
dominated by parallel Communist party apparatus
Government leader: Piotr Jaroszewicz, Premier;
Ilenryk Jablonski, chairman of Council of State
(President)
Suffrage: universal and compulsory over age I8
Elections: parliamentary and local government
every -1 years
Dominant political party and leader: Polish
United Workers' Party (PZPR) (Communist), Edward
Gicrek, First Secretary
Voting strength (1972 election): 9745 voted for
Communist-approved single slate
Communists: 2,320,000 party members (January
1974)
Other political or pressure groups: National Unity
Front (FJN), including United Peasant Party (ZSL),
Democratic Party (SD), progovernmeat pseudo-
Catholic Pax Association and Christian Social
Association, Catholic independent Znak group;
powerful Roman Catholic Church, Stefan Cardinal
Wyszynski, Primate
Member of: CEMA, GAT'T', ICAO, I11B,
Indochina Truce Commission, Korea Truce
Approved For Release 2002/07/03 : CIA-RDP86T00608R000600100003-3
 Approved For Release 2002/07/03 : CIA-RDP86T00608R000600100003-3
July 1975
Conl-nlssion, Seabeds Committee, U.N. and all
specialized agencies except IMI and Iltitl), Warsaw
fact, Vietnam I((8 (International Conunlsslun for
Control and Supervision)
ECONOMY
GNP: $69,1 billion tit !97-1 at 11)73 prices, $2,050
per capita; 1974 growth rate 7,65%
Agricullurer self-sufficient for miniinunl require-
nlrnls; main crops - grain, sugar heels, oilsreds,
potatoes, exporter of livestock prudluts and su'(ar;
Importer of grains; 3,209 cal rtes per day per capita
(1970)
Fishing: catch 582,40(1 metric tuns (1974)
Major tr.dustries: nalehine building, Iron and steel,
extractive indusU)es, chemicals, shiphulIding, and
food processing
Crude steel: 14.6 million metric tons produced
(1974), about -130 kg. per capita
Electric power: I8,9300)0 kw. capacity (1971);
91.6 billion kw.-hr. produced (1974), 2,710 kw.-hr. per
capit:;
Exports: $8,332 million (f o.b., 1974); 3.1 v;
machinery and e(juipment, 39% fuels, raw materials,
and scnlinuuutfactures, 1356 agricultural and food
products, 956 light industrial products
Imports: $10,471 million (Fo.b., 197.1); 42%
niach1r,^ry and equipment; 41% fuels, raw materials,
and semi rannufactores; 17% agricultural and food
products; 556 light industrial products
Major trade partners: $18,803 million (1974); 49%
with Communist countries, 5156 with West
Monetary conversion rate: 3.32 zlotys=US$l
(commercial); 19,92 zlotys=US$I (noncumtilercial)
Fiscal year: same as calendar 'car; economic dat::
are reported for calendar years except for caloric
intake which is mported for the consumption year, I
July - 30 June
COMMUNICATIONS
Railroads: 16,330 route mi.; 14,450 mi. standard
gage, 2,080 mi. narrow gage; 4,6-15 mi. double track;
3,170 mi. electrified; rovernmcnt owned (1973)
Highways: 190,095 rni ; 40.390 mi. paved: 39,480
mi. crushed stone, gravel; 110,22.5 mi. earth
(improved and unimproved) (1973)
Inland waterways: 3,158 mi. navigable streams
and canals (1975)
Pipelines: 2,200 mi. for natural gas; 873 mi. for
crude oil; =) mi. for refined products
Freight carried: rail - 499.3 million short ton,
85.6 billion short ton/rni. (1974); highway 1,550.0
million short tons, 18.5 billion short ton/mi. (1974);
waterway - est. 12.8 million short tons, est. 1.5
billion short tun/rni. excl. int. transit traffic (1974)
Ports, I major ((klnnsk, Gdynia, Szczeclo,
SwinuuJscIe), 0 Minor (11)75)
Civil air: 53 major Iraoslpitl aircraft (107.5)
Airfleldst 145 total; 71) with pernuuuvll?snrloce
runways; 36 with runways 8,0(1(1.1 1,1190 It,. 01) w'Itll
runways 4,000.7,01)1) It,
1)I:FENSE FORCES
Military budget announeedr for IIseal year ending
31 December 1975, 49.1) billion zlotys; about 8,45I, of
total hudgel anti ?1,31. of est. (;NI'
LAND
Metropolitan Portugal: 36,4(() sq. mi.. including
the Azores and Madeira Islands; ?18% arable, 6%
meadow and pasture, 31 % forested, 15% waste and
urho ii, inland water, and other
Cape Verde Islands: 1.560 sq. nli., divided among
10 islands and several islets (nut it part of
Metropolitan Portugal)
Land boundaries: 750 mi.
WATER
Limits of territorial waters (claimed): 6 it. mi.
(fishing. 12 it. rni.)
Coastline: 535 mi. (excludes Azores. Madvira, and
Cape Verde Islands, 1,180 mi.)
PEOPLE
Population: metn)politan Portugal (including the
Azores and Madeira Islands, but excluding the Cape
Verde Islands) 8,499,(()0, average annual growth rate
-0.456 (7/70-7/73); Cape Verde Islands 270,000
(official estimate for I July 1972)
Nationa!' -ty: noun-Portuguese (sing. & pl.);
djective ortuglr~sc
Approved For Release 2002/07/03 : CIA-RDP86T00608R000600100003-3
 Approved For Release 2002/07/03 : CIA-RDP86T00608R000600100003-3JIlly 1976
110117 IIGAI,
l'thnIe divisions, homogeneous Medllerranw o
stork lit milnluul, Azores, Madeira Islands
Itcilglont 9771, Noma Catholic, P,7, I'toleslanl
sects, 2% other
Language: Portuguese
Llteracyi 659;, (it figure considered high by sonae
sources)
Labor forcrn 3,5 million (197-1); 25''' ngrirullure,
3176 Industry, 2,V,, services; 846 military, 12!'1 other;
govcrnnieut eslinntles that uplrroxitnntely I i0,0(0)
persons or 5'16 of labor force are tuu'utploved
Organized labort ab-rill one-third of labor force is
organized lit trade onions; leglslullnn pronatlgaled
May 1975 unltes unions under one confederation, the
Communist-dondmdld Inlersyndical
GOVERNMENT
Legal name: Ite oillic of Portugal
Types republic, provisional government formed
May 1974, after military coup by group of young
military officers, known as the Armed Forces
Movenient, who overturned the Caetuno regime;
major political parties signed document in April 1975
agreeing to continued military rule for the next 3 to 5
years
Capital: Lisbon
Political subdivisions: 18 districts in -uuinland
Portir,al and 4 "autonomous districts" in Azores and
Madeira Islands; 2 overseas provinces-Portuguese
Timor art(] Macao; Ill(- for:ner overseas province of
Portuguese Guinea received its Independence nn
September 10, 1974; Mozambique becana' fully
independent in June 1975; Cap(- Verde, Silo Tome
and Principe will become independent in July 1975,
and Angola in November 1975
Legal system: civil law system; constitution
adopted 1933, frequently amended since; new
constitution to be written by popularly elected
constituent assembly according to guidelines set by
the Armed Forces Movement; no judicial review of
legislative acts; legal education at Universities of
Lisbon and Coimbra; accepts compulsory ICJ
jurisdiction, with reservations
Branches: executive with President and Prime
Minister included in Armed Forces Movement's 28-
man Revolutionary Council; legislative branch under
new constitution will have civilian assembly all(]
Armed Forces General Assembly; judicial controlled
by executive branch
Government leaders: Pr:?sid::o, rrancisco da Costa
Comes; Prime Miniser Vasco dos Santos Congalves
Suffrage: new electicr law passed in October 1974
enfranchises all citizens over 18, inchud;ng emigrants
who left Portugal less than 5 years ago; a few
thousand persons have been declared ineligible to vote
because of their activities tinder the old regime
Electionst Comilltient As'etobly election 111-1.1 on
April 25, 11)75; new curislIt ulloll will set duck for
elecllon of it civillar- legislative assembly
Political parties and leaderst the Portugu(-se
Socialist Porly (l'SI'), led by Mario Soa:res, llte
I'orluguese (:onununisl Party (I'(:I'l. unde:? Alvaro
(:unlutl, and the (:enter Popular Democratic Potty
(1'1'1)) headed by Fruadwo Sit (:uneiro art- the best
organized; other signlfievil groups Include the cenler-
right Social Democratic Center hilly WDS), led by
Adelloo Amato (lit Costa, and the Conuntutlst-Ieuning
Portuguese Democratic Unlon. under Francisco
Pereira du Moura
Voting strength: (1975) the Socialists polled 3851 of
ill(- vote for it constituent assembly; the I'l'l) received
26%, the Communists 1351, the CDS 8%, and the
MD1' .19
Communists: membership bas grown and cut 1111(11
be determined since the party became overt lit April
1974
Other political or pressure groups: Association for
the Study of Economic and Social Development
(SKI)ES) aulhori?zed In October 1970 its a discussion
group Willi political overtones
Member of: FAO, 1AEA, 111111). ICAO (restricted
membership), 111B, II,O, IMi, I'I'U, NATO. Seabeds
Committee, U.N., UPU, WHO, WMO
ECONOMY
GNP: continental Portugal - $14.1 billion est.
(1974), $1,65( per capita: 71.2% consmnption, 20.2%
investment, 13.(14% govcminent, -5.0% act exports of
goods a^'', :,rrvices (1972), real growth rate 2.5% in
197.1
Agriculture: generally underdeveloped; main crt 5
- grains, potatoes, olives, grapes for wine; food
shortages - sugar, wheat; caloric intake, 2.730
calories per day per capita (1969)
Fishing: lauded 366,918 metric tons. $131 million
(1973)
Major industries: cotton textiles, cork processing,
fish canning, petroleum refining, pulp and paper,
chemical fertilizer
Shortages: coal, petroleum, cotton, steel
Crude steel: 459,000 metric tons produced (1973),
50 kg. per capita
Electric power: 3.129,000 kw. capacity (1973); 9.7
billion kw.-hr. produced (1973), 952 kw.-hr. per
capita
Exports: $2,262 million (f.o.b. 1974); principal
items - cotton textiles, cork and cork products,
canna'. fish, wine, timber and timber products, resin
Imports: $4,4`1^ million (c.i.f., 1974); principal
items - pct! deu:U, cotton, industrial machinery, iron
and steel, chemicals
Approved For Release 2002/07/03 : CIA-RDP86T00608R000600100003-3
 Judy 1075
Approved For Release 2002/07/03 : CIA-R
Major trade partners: (1974) 1?(; 450( (U. K. 14%,
W, Gemara y 1295, France 7%, Italy 59(0; U.S. 991;
Angola 795: Spain 491',; Sweden 495
Aid: economic- U.S., $241) million (I Y-19.73), $13
million authorized FY73; 111111), $57.5 million
authorized (19(14.60), none since 1966; net official aid
to less developed areas and multilateral ageneles $578
million (1901.70), $79.5 million (1969), $57,1 million
(1970): military - U.S., $345 million authorized
(FY 1949.73)
Budget: 1974 - receipts $2.08 billion, expi-ndit tires
$2,08 billion
Monetary conversion rate: I escudo-US90.0394
(1974 average)
Fiscal year: calendar year
COMMUNICATIONS
Railroads: 2,230 ml.; 472 nil. meter gage (3'3`;'),
1,758 mL broad gage (5'S? n'); 265 mi. double track;
268 nil, electrified
llighways: 18,300 ml.; 11,000 1111. bituniinons.
bit:: rnim:ns treatment, concrete and sto::eblock: 7,200
mi, gravel and crushed stone; 3(0) rni. improved card:;
plus an additional 10,5(8) nil. of unimproved earth
roads (motorahle tracks)
Inland waterways: 5013 nil. navigable; relatively
unimportant to national economy, used by shallow.
draft craft limited to 330-ton cargo capacity
Pipelines: crude oil 7 mi.
Ports: 7 major, 33 minor
Civil air: 30 major transport aircraft
Airfields (including Azores, Cape Verde Islands,
and Madeira islands): 61 total, 54 usable; 31 with
permanent-surface runways; I with runways over
12,0(X) ft., 10 with runways 8,000-11,999 ft., 10 with
runways 4,000-7,999 ft.; 6 seaplane stations
Telecommunications: facilities are generally
adequate; I million telephones; 1.75 million radio
and 680,100 television receivers; 38 AM, 34 FM, and
40 TV stations; 2 coaxial submarine cables; COMSA-1'
station
DEFENSE FORCES
Military manpower: males 15-49, 2,079,0(11);.
1,686,000 fit for military service; average number
reaching age (20) annually, about 75,000
Military budget: proposed for fiscal year ending 31
December 1974, $583.5 million; about 27.5% t;f
central government budget
PORTUGUESE TIMOR
LAND
7,000 sq. mi.; 34% forest, 33% grassland. and 33%
cultivated
Land boundaries: 90 mi.
WATER
Limits of territorial water
(fishing, 12 n. nil.)
Coastline: 4(8) mi.
PEOPLE
Population: 693,(118), average a
2.9% (12/70-7/72)
initial growth rate
Nationality: noun-Portuguese 'I'in:oran(s);
adjcctivu-P, ,tuguese'I'irnor n
Ethnic divisions: 95% indigenous 'I'imorese
belonging to the Malay racial group; 9 ethnic
divisions, each speaking a distinct dialect of Malay
structure; approx. 4,6(11) Chinese and I0,0O0 halfeaste~
Religion: 17% Christian (almost equally divided
animism
Language: an estimated 9-15 dialects, o
origin but mutually unintelligible; 7595
population speaks the 'I'eturn dialect
Malay.
Literacy: rate of literacy is unknown, but is very
low; in 1971 total school enrollment was 35,000 out of
total school-age population of 80,0(8); 5% of natives
can speak Portuguese
Labor force: 9095 engaged in primitive villag
subsistence economy, 10% engaged as town laborer
and domestics
GOVERNMENT
Legal name: Province of Timor
Type: overseas province of Portugal
Capital: Dili
Political subdivisions: 12 administrative townships
Legal system: based on Portuguese law
Branches: Governor appointed by overseas
Minister in Lisbon, has wide local authority; lie is
advised by a 12-niernber Consultative Council; a 21-
member Legislative Assembly (10 directly elected and
I I indirectly chosen) can pass laws in restricted fields;
Approved For Release 2002/07/03 : CIA-RDP86T00608R000600100003-3
 Approved For Release 2002/07/03 : CIA-RDP86T00608R000600100003-3
l'OR7'(IC(IlsSl; TIAIOII/QA7'All
Overseas Minister can veto any provincial Iegis-
Iallon or governor's decision; Judiciary based on
Portuguese system
Government leaden Covemor, (;olone) Lenals
Pires (appointed 1971)
Elections referendum on (ire colony's future has
been promised but no dote set
Political parties and leaders: IVrente 'I'imorese do
Liberacao Nuclonal (I"retilln) favors Independence;
Orguui'acao (lit Unia o Deniocralicu (UI)) favors
continued alignment with Portugal; Associucao
Inlegracio de 'I'irnor-Indonesia (APO1)E'l'l) favors
Integration with Indonesia
ECONOMY
GNP: less than $I(X) per capita
Agricultures staple crops - corn, rice, sweet
potatoes; cash crops - coffee, copra, rubber
Major industries: minimal light manufacturing,
tourism
Electric power: 3,50) kw. capacity (1974); 12
million kw.-hr. produced (I974), I8 kw.-hr. per capita
Exports: $4.6 million (f.o.b., 1973); 9045 coffee, 6%
copra, timber, soul rubber
Imports: $7.1 million (c.i.f., 1973); textiles,
machinery and equipment, petroleum, foodstuffs
Major trade partners: exports - Portugal, EEC,
Singapore; imports -- EEC, Singapore, Macao, Bong
Kong, Australia
Budget: 1973 expeditures of $10.1 million, $4.6
million of which was provided by Portugal
Moi.etury conversion rate: Portuguese escudo
known in Timor as pataca; 28.75 paturcas=US$1
Fiscal year: calendar year
COMMUNICATIONS
Railroads: none
Highways: 463 mi.; 293
stone, 170 mi. improved and
Inland waterways: none
Ports: 1 minor
mi. gravel or crushed
unimproved earth
Civil air: no major transport aircraft
Airfields: 11 total, 10 usable; I with permanent-
surface runways; I with runway 8,0(X)-11,999 ft., 5
with runways 4,000-7,999 ft.
Telecommunications: dr r.,^stic and international
radio stations used primarily for administrative and
military purposes; 1 low-power AM radiobroadcast
station; unreliable open-wire lines and 58 small
manual switchboards serve 912 telephones; 18,500
radio sets
QATAR
July 1975
LAND
About 4,000 sq. rni,; negligible amount
mostly desert, waste, or urb? un
Land boundaries: 35 mi.
WATER
Limits of territorial waters (claimed): 3
Coastline: 350 mi.
PEOPLE
Population: 185,(X}), average annual
10,845 (7/64-7/69)
Nationality: noun-Qatari(s); adjective-Qatari
Ethnic divisions: 56% Arab; 23% Iranian; 14%
Pakistani; 745 other
Religion: Muslim
Language: Arabic
Literacy: 10%-15%
Labor force: 48,000 (1969)
GOVERNMENT
Legal name: State of Qatar
Type: traditional monarchy;
declared in 1971
Capital: Ad Dawhah
Legal system: discretionary system of law
controlled by the ruler, although new'
ew civil codes are
being implemented; Islamic law is significant in
personal matters; a constitution was promulgated in
1970
Government leader: Amir Khalifa ibn Hamad Al-
Thani
Suffrage:
down
no specific provisions for suffrage laid
Elections: constitution calls for elections for part of
State Advisory Council, semi-legislative body, but
none have been held
Approved For Release 2002/07/03 : CIA-RDP86T00608R000600100003-3
 iuly 197rApproved For Release 2002/07/03 : CIA-RDP86T00608R000600100003-3
QATAR/I11 UNION
Political parties and pressure groupsi none; it few
small clandestine organizations are active
Branchest Council of Ministers
Member oh Arab League, OI'P;C, Seabeds
Committee, U.N.
ECONOMY
GNPs $1.6 billion (1974) $9,090 per capita
Agriculturr:: farming and grazing on snnall scale
commercial fishing increasing in importance; most
fond irnporle(I; rice and dates staple (Ilel
Major industries: oil production and refining;
crude oil production from onshore and offshore
averaged 520,000 bbls. per day in 1974; oil revenues
accrued $2.0 billion in 1974, representing 91 % of
government/royal family income; major development
projects include $7 million harbor at Ad Dowhah,
fertilizer plant, 2 desalting plants, refrigerated storage
for fishing, and a cement plant
Electric power: capacity 85,000 kw. (197-1); 279
million kw.-hr. produced (1974), 1,585 kw.-hr. per
capita
Exports: crude oil dominates; non-oil exports $19
million (1974 est. )
Imports: $265 million (c.i.f., 1974 est.)
Aid: aid donor, pledged $450 million 1974,
disbursed $200 million
Budget: (:975) budgeted expenditures $495 million
Monetary conversion rate: I Qatar-Dubai
rival =I.JS$026 (as of March 1975)
Fiscal year: 1 April - 31 March
COMMUNICATIONS
Railroads: none
Highways: 275 mi. bituminous; 225 mi. gravel
surfaced; undetermined mileage of earth tracks
Pipelines: crude oil, 105 mi.; natural gas, 60 mi.
Ports: I major (Ad Dawhah), I minor
Airfields: 2 total, I usable; I with permanent-
surface runway over 12,000 ft.
Civil air: I major transport aircraft, registered in
the U.S.
Telecommunications: all international telecom
traffic is by tropospheric scatter through Bahrain; fair
domestic wire facilities; 16,125 telephones; 35,0(()
radio and 28.000 TV receivers; I AM and 1 TV
stations
DEFENSE FORCES
Military manpower: males 15-49, about 41,000;
about 24,000 fit for military service
Supply: mostly from U.K.
Military budget: for fiscal year ending 28 rebruary
1974, $47,200,000; 2:3% of total ;)
Oourll
MAICA
LAND
970 s(I, nn i? two-thirds of Island extremely rugged,
consisting of volcanic mountains; 120,0(() acres (less
than one-Fifth of the land) under cultivation
WATER
Limits of territorial waters (claimed): 12 it. mi.
Coastline: 125 mi,
PEOPLE
Population: 49.1,000, average annual growth rate
2.1% (7/70-7/73)
Nationality: noun-Ileuuionais (sing. & pl.);
adjective-Reunionais
Ethnic divisions: most of the population is of
thoroughly intermixed ancestry of French, African,
Malagasy, Chinese, and Indian origin
Religion: 94% Boman Catholic
Language: French (official), Creole widely used
Literacy: over 8090 among younger generation
Labor force: primarily agricultural workers; high
seasonal unemployment
GOVERNMENT
Legal name: Overseas Department of liemuon
Type: overseas (Iepar'mcIit of France; represente(',
in French Parliament by three Deputies and two
Senators
Capital: Saint-Denis
Legal system: French law
Branches: Rc 'nion is administered by a Prefect
appointed by the French Minister of Interior, assisted
by a Secretary-Ceucral and an elected 36-nian
General Council
Government leader: Prefect Paul Cousseran
Suffrage: universal adult
Elections: last municipal elections in 1571;
parliamentary election Marcia
REUNION
1101111d
Approved For Release 2002/07/03 : CIA-RDP86T00608R000600100003-3.
 Approved For Release 2002/07/03 : CIA-RDP86T00608R000600100003-3 July 1075
IBEUNION/I1IIOI)ESIA
Political parties and leaders! Reti :ion Communist
Party (11(;I') led by Paul Verges, only organized
polllicul 1uWVemcnt on Island; other political
candidates affiliated with metropolitan French
parties, which do not maintain permanent organiza-
tions on Reunion
Voting strength (parliamentary election 1973)1
Union of Democrats for the Republic elected, one
senul': and two deputies; Centrist Union, one
deputy; one Senator Independent
Communists: Communist Party small - probably
only 15-20 hard-line Communists - but has support
among sugarcane cutters and in Le Port district
ECONOMY
Agriculture: cash crops - almost entirely
sugarcane, small amounts of vanilla and perfume
plants; foot) crops - tropical fruit and vegetables,
nwnioc, bananas, corn, market garden produce, also
some tell, tobacco, and coffee; food crop inadequate,
most food) needs imported
Major industries: 12 sugar processing trills, rum
distilling plants, cigarette factory, 2 tea plants, fruit
juice plant, canning factory, a slaughterhouse, and a
number of small Shops producing handicraft items
Electric power: 54,400 kw. capacity (1974); 144
million kw.-hr. produced (1974), 27.1 kw.-hr. per
capita
Exports: $50 million (f.o.b., 1972); 9091 sugar, 491
perfume essences, 591 rum and molasses. 1% vanilla
and tea
Imports: $196 million (c.i.f., I972); r,.mufactured
goods, food, beverages, and tobacco, machinery and
transp?irtation equipment, raw materials and
petroleum products
Major trade partners: France (in 19'i0 supplied
62% of Reunions imports, purchased 7691 of its
exports); Mauritius (supplied 12991 of imports)
Monetary conversion rate: about 216 Com-
munaute Financiere Africaine francs=US$l as of
January 1975 (floating since February 1973)
Fiscal year: probably calendar year
COMMUNICATIONS
Railroads: none
Highways: 1,415 mi.; 1,155 mi. paved, 260 mi.
gravel, crushed stone, or stabilized earth
Ports: 1 major (Port des Galets)
Civil air: no major transport aircraft
Airfields: 6 total, 6 usable; I with permanent-
surface runway; I with runway 8,000-11,999 ft., 2
with runways 4,000-7,999 ft.
Telecommunications: adequate system for size of
island of fairly modern open-wire lines and
radiocommunication stations; principal center Saint-
Denis; external rudlucunununications to Comoro
Islands, France, Malagasy, and Maorlllus; 22,2(X)
telephones; 90,000 radio and 30,000 'I'V receivers; 2
A M, II() I- M, and 8 'I'V Stations
DEFENSE FORCES
Military manpower: military age males Included
with France
SOUTH
.WEST
A-RICA
RHODESIA
SOUTHERN
RHODESIA
Indian Ocean
LAND
151,000 sq. mi.; 4091 arable (of which 6%
cultivated); 605"D available for extensive cattle
grazing; European alienated lands (farmed by
modern methods) 39%, African 4851, national land
7%, 6% not alienated
Land boundaries: 1,875 mi.
PEOPLE
Population: 6,314,000. average annual growth rate
3.5% (7/68-7/74)
Nationality: noun-Rhodesian(s); adjective-
Rhodesian
Ethnic divisions: 96% African, 3% European, less
than I % Coloreds and Asians
Religion: 51% syncretic (part Christian, part
animist), 24% Christian, 24% animist, a few Muslim
Language: English official; Chishona and
Sindebele also widely used
Literacy: 25%-30%; of whites, nearly 100%
Labor force: (1972) 778,000 Africans (including
some migrants from Zambia and Malawi), 108,000
Europeans, Asians, and coloreds (people of mixed
heritage); 35% agriculture, 25% mining, manufactur-
ing, construction, 40% transport and services
Organized labor: about one-third of European
wage earners are unionized, but only a small minority
of Africans (1966)
Approved For Release 2002/07/03 : CIA-RDP86T00608R000600100003-3
 July l9Approved For Release 2002/07/03 : CIA-RDP86T00608R000600100003-3
11110U1sSIA/RUMANIA
GOVERNMENT
Legal narue: Colony of Southern Ithodesia
Type: self-proclaimed Independent state since 1965
(not recognized by U.S,); provisional settlement with
U,K. In November 1971 cancelled by U.K. In May
1972 In response to Pearce Conun;sslon's conclusion
that its terms were unacceptable to the majority of
black Rhodesians
Capital: Salisbury
Political subdivisions: I I magisterial districts
Legal system: Smith government Implemented it
republican constitution on 2 March 1970 which
Institutionalized white rule
Branches: ]'resident Ihpont is ceremonial head of
state; executive council (cabinet) lead by Prime
Minister Smith; National Assembly gives highly
disproportionate representation to white minority -
50 while constituency seats and 16 black constituency
seats
Government leaders: Prime Minister Ian Smith
and President Clifford Dupont
Suffrage: franchise is based on income, property
holdings, and education; there are separate rolls for
Africans and non-Africans
Elections: must be held every 5 years
Political parties and leaders: Rhodesian Front,
Prime Minister Smith; Rhodesia Party, Tim Gibbs;
Rhodesia National Party, Leonard Idensohn; African
National Council, Abel Muzorewa; African Pro-
gressive Party, Chad Chipunza
Voting strength (1974 elections): Rhodesian Front
won all 50 white constituency seats in Parliament in
July 1974 elections
Communists: negligible
Other pressure groups and leaders: principal
black nationalist group - African National Council,
Abel Muzorewa; since December 1974 ANC has
included membership of three former insurgent groups
- Zimbabwe African National Union (Ndabaningi
Sithole), Zimbabwe African People's Union (Joshua
Nkomo), Front for the Liberation of Zimbabwe
(James Chikerema)
Member of: no international bodies
ECONOMY
GDP: $2.0 billion (1973), $340 per capita; real
growth rate 6.5% (1973)
Agriculture: main crops - tobacco, corn, sugar,
cotton; livestock; self-sufficient in foodstuffs except
wheat
Major industries: mining and steel, textiles
Electric power: 1,323,000 kw. capacity (1973);
7.94 billion kw.-hr. produced (1973), 1,350 kw.-hr. per
capita
Exportst $499 million (f.o.b., I972), Including net
gold sales and reexports; tobacco, asbestos, copper,
meal, chrome, gold, nickel, clothing, sugar
Imports: $4559 million (c.l,f., 1972); machinery,
petroleum products, wheat, transport equipment
Major trade partners: South Africa, Portugal, and
Portuguese territories
Aids no substantial rnilitarv or economic aid
Budget: FY1974 - revenues $434 million,
expenditures $461 million, deficit $27 million
Monetary conversion rate: I Rhodesian dul-
btr-US$1.40; 0,714 Rhodesian dollar-US$1
Fiscal year: I July - 30 June
COMMUNICATIONS
Railroads: 1,697 mi. narrow gage (3'6"); 26 rni.
double track
Ilighwayr1 48,733 mi.; 4,968 mi, paved, 20,415 mi.
crushed stone, gravel, stabilized soil, or improved
earth; 23,350 ml. unimproved earth
Inland waterways: 175 mi. on Lake Kariba
Airfields: 273 total, 272 usable; 8 with permanent-
surface runways; I with runway over 12,000 ft., I with
runway 8,000-11,999 ft., 23 with runways 4,000-7,999
ft.
Civil air: 10 major transport aircraft
Telecommunications: system is one of the best in
Africa; consists of radio-relay links, open-wire lines,
and radiocommunication stations; principal center
Salisbury, secondary center Bulawayo; 160,300
telephones; 225,000 radio arid 57,000 %7V receivers; 8
AM, no FM and 2 TV stations
DEFENSE FORCES
Military manpower: males 15-49, 1,420,000;
866,000 fit for rnilitur, service; average number
reaching military age (18) annually, 63,000
Military budget: for fiscal year ending 30 June
1974, $88,882,350; 18.2% of total budget
LAND
91,700 sq. mi.; 44% arable, 19% other agriculture.
27% forested, 10% other
Land boundary: 1,845 mi.
WATER
Limits of territorial waters (claimed): 112 n. mi.
Coastline: 140 mi.
PEOPLE
P-spulation: 21,245,000, average annual growth
rate 1.0% (current)
.,Approved For Release 2002/07/03 : CIA-RDP86T00608R000600100003-3
 Approved For Release 2002/07/03 : CIA-RDP86T00608R000600100003-3
uchurat
Nationality: noun-Rumanian(s); adjeciive-
Rornaniarr
Ethnic divisions: 87% Romanian, 8% Ilungarian,
2% German, 3% other
Religion: 1.1 million Romanian Orthodox, I million
Roman Catholic, I million Protestants, I00,000Jews,
30,000 Muslims
Language: Romanian, IIungariar., German
Literacy: 98%-9991, of total population
Labor force: 10.4 million (est. I July 1966); 57n
agricultare, 19% industry, 2495 other nonagricultural
GOVERNMENT
Legal name: Socialist Republic of Romania
Type: Communist state
Capital: Bucharest
Political subdivisions: 39 counties and 46
municipalities, including Bucharest that has
administrative status equal to a county
Legal system: mixture of civil law system and
Communist legal theory which increasingly reflects
Romanian traditions; constitution adopted 1965;
legal education at University of Bucharest and two
other law schools; has not accepted compulsory ICJ
jurisdiction
Branches: Presidency; Council of Ministers; the
Grand National Assembly, under which is office of
Prosecutor General and Supreme Court; Council of
rye. ,Anent leaders: Manea Manescu, President
he Council of Ministers, head of government;
P;:,:olac Ceausescu, President of the Socialist
Republic, head of state
Suffrage: universal over age 18, compulsory
Elections: elections in Romania held every 4 years
for the la-.tl people's councils and every 5 years for
Grand N...i.'~nal Assembly deputies
Political parties and leaders: Communist Party of
Roninda only functioning party, Nicolae Ceausescu,
;enerai Secretary
July 1975
Voting strength (1975election)r overall partieil):r-
tltm reached 99.9(3%; of those registered to vc)tc
(I4,900,032), 98.89b voted for party candidates
Comrnunists: 2,366,000 party members (Noven-her
1973)
Member oft CEMA, 1AO, IAEA, Ili RU, ICA0,
II.0, IMl", 1'1'I1, Seaheds Conunlttee, 1),N.,
UNESCO, UPU, Warsaw Pact, W11O, WMO, CA'1"1'
ECONOMY
GNP' $39.3 billion in 1974 (at 1973 prices), $1,860
per capita; 1974 growth rate 9.5%,
Agriculture: net exporter; main crops - corn,
wheat, oilseed; livestock - cattle, hugs, sheep; caloric
intake, 3,000 calories per day per capita (1967-68)
Fish catch: 85,000 metric tons (1972)
Major industries: machinery, metals, flit-Is,
chemicals, textiles, food processing, timber processing
Shortages: iron ore, coking coal, metallurgical
coke, cotton fibers, natural rubber
Crude steel: 8.8 million metric tons produced
(1974), 420 kg. per capita
Exports: $3,738 million (f.o.b., 1973); 24 %
machinery and equipment; 36% fuels, raw materials.
semifinished products; 2195 foodstuffs; and 19%
consumer goods (1973)
Imports: $3,505 million (mixture f.o.b. and c.i.f.,
1973); 42% machinery and equipment; 429% fuels.
raw materials, semifinished products; 6% foodstuffs;
a rid 5% consumer goods (1972)
Major trade partners: $7,243 million in 1973:53
%
non-Cornrmu-ist countries, 47% Communist countries
(1973)
Monetary conversion rate: -1.97 Ici=USSI
(commercial) 12 lei=US$l (tourist)
Fiscal year: same as calendar year; economic data
reported for calendar years except for caloric intake,
which is reported for consumption year, I July - 30
June
COMMUNICATIONS
Railroads: 7,464 mi.; 6,442 mi. standard gage,
1,014 mi. narrow gage, 8 mi. broad gage; 569 mi.
electrified, 850 mi. double track; government owned
(1974)
Highways: 48,000 mi.; 7,600 mi. paved; 16,300 mi.
other improved surfaces, 24,100 mi. earth (1974)
Inland waterways: 1,445 mi. (1975)
Pipelines: crude oil, 1,600 mi.; refined products,
888 mi.; natural gas, 3,100 mi.
Freight carried: rail - 239.5 million short tons,
37.4 billion short ton/mi. (1974); highway - 579.8
million short tons, 5.7 billion short ton/mi.
(1974); waterway-6.4 million short tons, esi. 1.4
billion short ton/mi. (excl. intl. transit traffic) (1972)
Approved For Release 2002/07/03 : CIA-RDP86T00608R000600100003-3
 Approved For Release 2002/07/03 : CIA-RDP86T00608R000600100003-3
July 1975
Porl.si 4 major (Constimia, (alatl, Braila,
Mungalla), 2 minor (1975)
Civil air: 553 major transport aircraft (11)75)
Airfields: 176 total; 25 wills permanent-surface
runways; 12 with runways 8,000.11.991) ft.; 24 with
rtmwuys 4,00(-7,991) ft., I heliport
DEFENSE FORCF,S
Military budget (announced)s for fiscal year
ending 31 December 1975, 9,7 billion Iii; about 4,1''b
of (atII budget
RWANDA
RW~O
Oi
ZAIRE
LAND
10,000 sq. nri.; almost all the arable land, about a,a
under cultivation, about r/:r pastureland
Land boundaries: 545 mi.
PEOPLE
Population: 4,241,000, average annual growth rate
2.95$ (7/72-7/73)
Nationality: rioun-liwandan(s); adjective-
Rwandan
Ethnic divisions: 90% llutu, 9% 'rutsi, 1% Twa
(Pygmoid)
Religion: 45% Catholic, 9% Protestant, 1%
Muslim, rest animist
Language: Kinyarwari . and French official;
Kiswahili used in commercial centers
Literacy: 10% in French and Kiuyarwanda
Labor force: less than 5% in cash economy
GOVERNMENT
Legal name: Republic of Rwanda
Type: republic, presidential system in which
military leaders hold key offices; 196::' constitution
still in force except for Title V on the National
Assembly
Capitals Kigali
Political subdivisions: 10 prefectures, subdivided
Into 1.12 communes
Legal system: based on (:eraum Lind Belgian civil
law systems and customary late; constitution adopted
1962; Judicial review of legislative acts In the Supreme
(:purl; has not accepted compulsory ICJ Jurisdiction
Bra riches: President, (:onunlltee for Peace aril
National Unity (composed of high military
command), and 12-member cabinet
Government leader: (corral Juvenal Ilab-
varitmana, Head of State
Suffrage: universal
Elections: last legislative election September 1969;
none allowed by present government; elections of
Communal Counsellors held November 197.1
Political parties and leaders: none; all political
activity banned and elections cancelled by military
government after its July 5, 1973 coup
Communists: no Communist party; U.S.S.R. and
Peoples Republic of (:Items have diplomatic missions
in Rwanda
Member of: AP)B, I,,AMA, IBItI), ICAO, 11.0,
IMF, ITU, OCAM, OA U, U,N? UNESCO, WI10,
WMO
ECONOMY
GDP: $240 million (1971), $60 per capita
Agriculture: cash crops - mainly coffee, tea,
cotton, some pyrethrum; main food crops - bananas,
cassava; stock raising; self-sufficiency increasing but
country still imports some foodstuffs
Major industries: raining of cassiterite ('kin ore),
agricultural processing, and light consumer goods
Electric power: 21,460 kw. capacity (1974); 100
million kw.-hr. produced (1974), 2.1 kw.-hr. per capita
Exports: $30.1 million (f.o.b.. 1973); mainly coffee,
tea, pyrethrum, cassiterite
Imports: $31.1 million (c.i.f., 1973); textiles,
foodsttaffs, machines, eyuipmen:
M~ijor trade partners: (',S., Belgium, West
Germany
Aid: U.S., FY62-73, $8.3 million; Belgium, France,
West Germany, and Canada, FY64-67, $33.4 million
obligated; China $22 million weeded 1972
Budget: balanced at $34.7 million (FY74)
Monetary convessioi: rate: 92.84 Rwanda
francs=US$1 (official) since January 1974
Fiscal year: calendar year
COMMUN'iCATIONS
Railroads: none
Highwa :,: 3,815 mi.; 36 mi. paver,, 9 mi. gravel,
1,367 mi. improved earth, x,393 mi. unimproved;
2,485 :ri:.: econdary roads; n~a?.,' roads improved or
unirnf roved earth
 Approved For Release 2002/07/03 : CIA-RDP86T00608R000600100003-3
11WANI)A/S%', CIIIIlS'OP11Eli?NI;VIS?ANGUILLA
Inland waterways: Luke Kivu navigable by
steamers and barges
Civil air I major transport aircraft
Airfields: 10 total, 9 usable; 2 with permanent-
surface runways; 2 with runways 1,000.7,999 ft., I
with runway 8,((X)?11,999 ft.
Telecommunications: telephone and tele;tn;oh
limited; main center Is Kigali; 2,480 telephones;
55,0(0 radio receivers; 2 AM, no I-M or TV stations
DEFENSE FORCES
Military manpower: males 15-49,956j)(0 462,000
fit for military service; no conscription; 40,000 reach
military age (18) annually
Military budget: for fiscal year ending 31
December 1974, $6,522,000; 17.3% of total budget
ST. CHRISTOPHER-NEVIS-
ANGUILLA
ANOUILLA
IT. CNOI=TOPNEN'i -
NEVIE'
Cedbbeen See Q
0
0
LAND
150 sq. mi.; 40% arable, 10% pasture, 17% Forest,
33% wasteland and built-on
WATER
Limits of territorial waters (claimed): 3 n. mi.
Coastline: 120 mi.
PEOPLE
Population: 68,000, average annual growth rate
1.2% (4/60-4/70)
Ethnic divisions: mainly of African Negro descent
Nationality: noun-Kittsian(s), Nevisian(s),
Anguillun(s); adjective-Kittsian, Nevisian, An-
guillan
Religion: Church of England, other Protestant
sects, Roman Catholic
Language: English
July 1975
Literacy:::hout 80%
Labor force: 19,61(3 (1960 vs(.)
Organized labor 0,760
GOVERNMENT
Legal name: State of St. Christopher-
Nevis-Anguilla
Type: dependent territory with full internal
autonomy as a British "Associated State"; Anguilla
formally seceded in May 1967 but has not been
recognized as an independent state by any
government; in July 1968 a legislative council headed
by Ronald Webster was elected to govern Anguilla; in
March 1969 the U. K. sent troops to Anguilla, placing
the island again under colonial rule; in 1971, Anguilla
reverted to its former colonial relaIiousbip with the
U.K, although nominally remaining part of the
Associated state of St. Christopher-Nevis-Anguilla;
Webster became leader of Anguillan Council after
constitutionally held elections (1972)
Capital: Basseterre
Political subdivisions: 10 districts
Legal system: based on English common law;
constitution of 1960; highest judicial organ is Court of
Appeal of Leeward and Windward islands
Branches: legislative, 10-member popularly elected
House of Assembly; executive, cabinet headed by
Premier
Government leaders: Premier, Robert L. Brad-
shaw; U.K. Governor, Milton S. Allen
Suffrage: universal adult suffrage
Elections: at least every 5 years; most recent 10
May 1971
Political parties and leaders: St. Christopher-
Nevis-Anguilla Labor Party, Robert L. Bradshaw;
People's Action Movement (PAM), William Herbert;
Nevis Reformation Party (NRP), Ivor Stevens
Voting strength (May 1971 election): St.
Christopher-Nevis-Anguilla Labor Party won 7 seats
in the I-louse of Assembly, PAM won 1, NRP won 1,
and I seat remains open for Anguilla which did not
participate in the election
Communists: none known
Member of: CARICOM
ECONOMY
GDP: $15.2 million (1969), $260 per capita
Agriculture: main crops - sugar on St.
Christopher, cotton on Nevis
Major industries: sugar processing, salt extraction
Electric power: 13,560 kw. capacity (1972); 19
million kw.-hr. produced (1972), 530 kw.-hr. per
capita
xports: $4.2 million (f.o.b., 1971); sugar,
molasses, cotton, salt, copra
ey+ -uawo
 July tAgllproved For Release 2002/07/03 : CIA-RDP86T00608R000600100003-3
S'I: CIII(IS'I'OPIIEII-NIsVIS-ANGUIIJ.A/S'I'. ?,UCIA
Imports: $15.8 million 1971); foodstuffs,
fuel, manufactures
Major trade partners: U.K. 45%, Canada 1446,
U.S. 12% (1966)
Monetary conversion rate: 2,07 East Caribbean
dollars-US$1 (May 1975); now floating with pound
sterling
COMMUNICATIONS
Railroads: 36 rni,, narrow gage (2'6") on St. Kitts
for sugar cane
Ilighways: 180 mi.; 60 mi. paved, 90 mi. otherwise
Improved, 30 mi. unimproved earth
Ports: 3 minor (I on each island)
Civil air: no major transport aircraft
Airfields: 3 total, 3 usable; I with asphalt runway
5,700 It.
Telecommunications: good interisland VIIF radio
connections and international link via Antigua; about
1,800 telephones; 10,(00 radio and 1,600 TV
receivers; 3 AM and 5 T1r stations
LAND
238 sq. mi.; 50% arable, 3% pasture, 19% forest, 5%
unused but potentially productive, 23% wasteland
and built-on
WATER
Limits of territorial waters (claimed): 3 n. mi.
Coastline: 98 mi.
PEOPLE
Population: h9,000, average annual growth rate
1.6% (4/60-4/70)
Nationality: noun-St. Lucian(s); adjective-St.
Lucian
Etlinic divisions: mainly of African Negro descent
Religion: predominantly Ito ma Catholic
Language: English, French patois
Literacy: about 80%
Labor force: 38,00( (1969); 50%
unemployment 30%-35% (1975)
Organized labor: 20% of labor force
GOVERNMENT
Legal name: State of St. Lucia
Type: dependent territory with full internal
autonorny as a British "Associated State"
Capital: Castries
Political subdivisions: 16 parishes
Legal system: based on English common law;
constitution of 1960; highest judicial body is Court of
Appeal of Leeward and Windward Islands
Branches: legislative, 17-:member popularly elected
House of Assembly; executive, cab::_et headed by
I'remier
Government leaders: Premier John Compton;
U.K. Governor Sir Allan Lewis
Suffrage: universal, adult suffrage
Elections: every 5 years; most recent May 1971
Political parties and leaders: United Worker's
I'arty (UWP), John Compton; St. Lucia Labor Party
(SLP), Allan Louisy
Voting strength (1974 election): UWP (53%) won
10 of the 17 elected seats in Hoer..' of Assembly; SLP
(45%) won 7 seats; independents (9%) no seats
Communists: negligible
Member of: CARICCivi
ECONOMY
GDP: $33.2 million (1971 est.), $290 per capita;
real growth rate 1971, 5.8%
Agriculture: main crops - bananas, copra, sugar,
cocoa, spices
Major industries: tourism, lime processing
Shortages: food, machinery, capital goods
Electric power: 13,200 kw. capacity (1972); 33
million kw.-hr. produced (1972 est.); 240 kw.-hr. per
capita
Exports: $4.4 million (f.o.b., 1970); sugar, bananas,
cocoa
Imports: $27.3 mill!on (c.i.f., 1970); foodstuffs,
machinery and equipment, fertilizers, petroleum
products
Major trade partners: U.K. 51%, Canada 9%, U.S.
17% (1970)
Monetary conversion rate: 2.07 East Caribbean
dollars=US$1 (May 1975); now floating with pound
sterling
 Approved For Release 2002/07/03 : CIA-RDP86T00608R000600100003-3
S'l: 1,(ICIA/S7', VINCEN'T'
COMMUNICATIONS
Railroads: none
Ilighwayss 415 rill,; 175 fill, paved; 240 ml,
otherwise Improved
Ports: I major (Castries), I minor
Civil airs no major transport aircraft
Airfields: 2 airfields with permanent surface
runways; one with it 1i,000 foot runway; one with it
5,700 foot runway; 2 seal ' ne stations
Telcet mtnunicationss folly automatic lcleplu:m'
system with (i,200 telephones; direct radio link with
Martinique; interisland tropospheric links to Barbados
and Antigua; 25,000 radio and t;00 'I'V receivers; 3
AM, and I 'I'V station
4 '?
5y
00M.
LAND
150 sq. mi, (including northern Grenadines); 50%
arable, 3% pasture, .14% fore t, 3% wasteland and
built-on
WATER
Limits of territorial waters (claimed): 3 it. mi.
Coastline: 52 mi.
PEOPLE
Population: 94,000, average annual growth rate
1.1% (4/60-4/70)
Nationality: noun-St. Vincentian(s) or Vin-
centian(s); adjective-St. Vincentian or Vincentian
Ethnic divisions: mainly of African Negro descent;
remainder mixed with some white and East Indian
and Carib Indian
'Religion: Church of England, Methodist, Roman
Catholic
Language: English, some French patois
Literacy: ahnul 80%
Labor forcer 50,000 (1072 est. ); ghoul (6O%
unemployed
Organized labors 1(1% of InItor force
GOVERNMENT
Legal narner Stale of St, Vincent
Type: dependent territory with full Internal
autoaotny as it British "Associated State"
Capital: Kingstown
Legal systems based on English common law;
constitution of 1960; highest judicial body is Court of
Appeal of Leeward and Windward Ir;lands
Cos2rnment leader: Premier R. Millon Cato;
Governor General (U.K.) Sir Rupert G. John
Suffrage: universal adult suffrage (IN years old and
over)
Elections: every 5 years; most recent l)ccember 9,
1974
Political parties and leaders: People's Political
Party (PPI'). Ebwnezer Joshua; St. Vincent Labor
Party (LP), 11. Milton Cato; Democratic Freedonn
Movement, Parnell Campbell and Kenneth John
Voting strength (1975 election): LP 10 seats, PPP 2
seu',s, indepcna'ent I scat in the Legislature
Communists: negligible
Member of: CARICOM
ECONOMY
CDP: $20 milliea (1971 est. ), $200 per capita; 6.9%
growth in 1971
Agriculitue: main crops - bananas, arrowroot,
coconut
Major industries: food processing
Electric power: .L700 kw. capacity (1971); 15
million kw.-hr. produced (1971), 160 kw.-hr. per
capita
Exports: $2.9 million (f.o.b., 1971); bananas,
arrowroot, copra, cotton
Imports: $17.4 million (c.i.f., 1971); fertilizer,
flour, transportation equipment, lumber, textiles
Major trade partners: U.K. 399'0, U.S. 7%. Canada
10% (1971)
Monetary conversion rate: 2.07 East Caribbean
dollars=US$1 (May 1975), now floating with pound
sterling
COMMUNICATIONS
Railroads: none
Highways: 600 mi.; 200 mi. paved; 200 mi.
otherwise improved; 200 mi. unimproved earth
Ports: 1 major, I mir ~r
Civil air: no major tr.,usport aircraft
Airfields: 3 total; 2 usable, I with asphalt runway
4,800 ft.
Approved For Release 2002/07/03 : CIA-RDP86T00608R000600100003-3
 July Itfproved For Release 2002/07/03 : CIA-RDP86T00608R000600100003-3
ST. VINCI N'1'/SAN MARINO
Telecommunleationst Islandwide fully auutartt alk'
Iclephone system with 4,500 instrurnents; VIIF
Interisland links to Barbados and the Gremidines;
I0,000 radio and (300 'I'V receivers; 2 AM stations
LAND
24 sq, mi.; 74% cultivated, 22% meadows and
pastures, 4% built-on
Land boundaries: 21 rni,
PEOPLE
Population: 19,000 (official estimate for 30 June
1974)
Nationality: noun-Sanmarinese (sing. & pl.);
adjective-Sanmarinese
Religion: Roman Catholic
Language: Italian
Literacy: illiteracy relatively insignificant
Labor force: approx. 4,300
Organized labor: General Democratic Federation
of Sanmarinese Workers (affiliated with ICFTU) has
about 1,800 members; Communist-dominated
Camera del Lavoro, about 1,000 members
GOVERNMENT
Legal name: Republic of San Marino
Type: republic (dates from 4th century A.D.); in
1862 the Kingdom of Italy concluded a treaty
guaranteeing the independence of San Marino;
although legally sovereign, San Marino is vulnerable
to pressure from the Italian Government
Capital: San Marino
Political subdivisions: San Marino is divided into 9
''ctions: Guaita, Fratta, Serravalle, Domagnano,
Acquaviva, Fiorentino, Montegiardino, Factano,
Ciliesan(OVa
Legal systetmr based on civil law system with
Italian law I nflucuces; electoral law of 1926 serves
sortie of the filliellons of, it cons( It lit loll; lilts not
accepted compulsory l(;J Jurisdiction
Branches: lire (;nand and General Council Is the
legislallve body elected by popular vote; Its 60
members serve 5-year leans; Connell In Iurn elects
Wa (:aptains-Regtvrt who exercise executive power for
term of 6 months, the Council of State whose
members head government administrative depart-
ments and the Council of 'T'welve, the supreme
judicial burly; actual executive power Is wielded by
the Secretary of Stale for Foreign Affairs and the
Secretary of Shale for Internal Affairs
Govermn. at leaders: Secretary of State for Foreign
Affairs Glan Luigi Rerti (Christian Democratic party);
Secretary of State for Internal Affairs Giuseppe
I.onferini (Christian Den ocralai, party); Secretar' for
finance, budget, and planning Remy Giacomini
(Socialist)
Suffrr.ge: universal (since 1960)
Elections: elections to the Grand and General
Council required at least every 5 years; next elections
1979
Political parties and leaders: Christian Demo-
cratic party (DCS), Cian Luigi Rerti; Social
Democratic Party (I'SI)SM), Alvaro (:asali; Socialist
Party (PSS), Reny Ciacomini; Communist I'artj
(PCS), Ur nbcrta Rarulli; People's Democratic Party
(PDT'), leader unknown; Committee for the Defense
of the Republic (CDR), leader unknown
Voting strength (1974 election): 39.6% DCS,
23.7% PCS, 15.4% PSDIS, 13.9% I'SS, 1.9% I'DP.
2.9% CDR
Communists: approx. 300 members (number of
sympathizers cannot be determined); PSS, in
government with Christian Democrats since March
1973, formed a government with the P(:S from the
end of World War 11 to 1957
Other political parties or pressure groups:
political parties influenced by policies of their
counterparts in Italy, the two Socialist parties are not
united
Member of: ICJ, International Institute for
Unification of Private Law, International Relief
Union, IRC, UPU
ECONOMY
Principal economic activities of San Marino are
farming, livestock raising, light manufacturing, and
tourism; the government's total budget for FY71 was
about $12 million, with the largest share of revenue
derived from the sale of postage stamps throughout
the world and from payments by the Italian
government in ex' :hangs for Italy's*
tale s monopoly in
SAN e?
eARIN
Approved For Release 2002/07/03 : CIA-RDP86T00608R000600100003-3
 Approved For Release 2002/07/03 : CIA-RDP86T00608R000600100003-3
SAN MAIIINO/SAUDI ARABIA
retailing tobacco, gasoline, and a few other goods;
main problem is finding an additional $3 million to
finance badly needed water and electric power
systems expansions
Agriculture: principal crops are wheat (average
annual output about 4,100 noble tuns/year) and
grapes (average annual output about 70O metric
tuns/y(!ar); other grains, fruits, vegetables, turd animaI
feedstuffs are alse grown; livestock population
numbers roughly 6,000 cows, oxen, and sheep; cheese
and hides are most important livestock products
Electric power, obtained from Italy, 1971
Manufueturing: consists mainly of cotton textile
production at Serravalle, brick and tile production at
Dogane, cement production at Acquaviva, Dogane.
and Fiorentino, and pottery production at I3orgo
Maggiore; some tanned hides, paper, candy, baked
goods, Moscato wine, and gold and silver souvenirs
are also produced
Foreign transactions: dominated by tourism; in
summer months 20.000 to 30,(XR) foreigners visit Sun
Marino every (lay; a number of hotels and restaurants
have been built in recent years to accommodate them;
remittances from Sanmarinese abroad also represent
an important net foreign inflow; commodity trade
consists primarily of exchanging building stone, Iime,
wood, chestnuts, wheat, wine, baked goods, hides,
and ceramics for a wide variety of consumer
manufactures
COMMUNICATIONS
Railroads: none
Highways: about 65 mi,
Civil air: no major transport aircraft
Airfields: none
Telecommunications: automatic telephone system
serving 4,500 telephones; no radiobroadcastIng or
television facilities, 3,200 radio and 650 TV receivers
(Italian broadcasts)
LAND
Estimated at about 900,000 sq. mi. (boundaries
undefined and disputed); 1% agricultural, 1%.
forested, 98% desert, waste, or urban
Land boundaries: 2,820 mi.
WATER
Limits of territorial waters (claimed): 12 n. mi.
(plus 6 n. mi. "necessary supervision zone")
Coastline: 1,560 mi.
PEOPLE
Population: 6,087,000, average annual growth rate
2.8% (current)
Nationality: noun-Saudi(s); adjective-Saudi
Arabian or Saudi
Ethnic divisions: 90% Arub, 10% Afro-Asi?+a (est. )
Religions 100% Muslim
Language: Arabic
Literacy: 15% (est.)
Labor force: about 2540 of population; 40%
agriculture and herding, 12% construction, 12%
service, I2% .r..'-!rnment, II % commerce, 13%other
GOVERNMENT
Legal name: Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
Type: monarchy
Capital: Riyadh; foreign ministry and foreign
diplomatic representatives located in Jiddah
Political subdivisions: IS annirates
Legal system: largely based on Islamic law, several
secular codes have been introduced; commercial
disputes handled by special committees; has not
accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction
Branches: King Khalid (Al Saud, Khalid ibn Abd
ul-Aziz) rules in consultation with royal family
(especially Crown Prince Fahd), Council of Ministers,
and religious lenders
Government leader: King Khalid
Communi+s: negligible
Member of: Arab League. FAO, IAEA, IATA,
IRRD, ICAO, IDA, IFC. IMF, ITU, OA-'EC, OPEC,
U.N., UNESCO, UPU, WHO, WMO
ECONOMY
GNP: $34 billion (1974 est.). $5,70( per capita
Agriculture: dates, grains. livestock; ;lot self-
sufficient in food
Major industries: petroleum production 8.5 million
barrels per (lay (current); payments to Saudi Arabian
Government, $25 billion (1974 est.); cement
production and small steel-rolling mill and oil
refinery; several other light industries, including
Approved For Release 2002/07/03 : CIA-RDP86T00608R000600100003-3
 L`~ 0 proved For Release 2004/47(03 : CMA-RDP86T0y608R006600?OOD03-3 ?
 Approved For Release 2002/07/03 : CIA-RDP86T00608R000600100003-3
)111'11)75
l lllllllil?'. IIIIId111't111! dl?II'l1!r11I'? I11:1'.III? IIIIit IIIII'..
lu(1ltln(1?, ell . 11.Il(()\IIN. a '.rlnilmliltl ,1Vrn14.
llltI'111I1,
.r,?.nrilltl'll ttlt14. lill? '411111',111 111 Pro
11'1'1.11)14. I1 1111111'4. 1'll .1 lllall(1 Il'rlilt/l'4. (11.1111
I';I.'rlrit. pnwrrl 411 ?1W))) k4.4. l .11.11 114. 111'1'; 11. I I
Ilillilln kI% Ill I1r11(11 it l'll (Ill'; 11, 14'4 114..1 lit l'l?l
I a1t1.1
l':xpIt 1%: Sol I1 Inlli11n ll 11 . Ill' I r'.4. I. III',
)u'Ifi411'IIIII ,11111 IMII111r11n1 ll(1Illlll I'.
Itr1)HItIV S'1 'I I11l1i4,n to I I . 111; 1 I'.1 I, nLUn1Lo
III(1?ll )!IIU?!\, t1.l1l?.11l1141l111I I'lllliloorltt, (nn'.lrllr110.11
1iL11rli.ll'.. an41 lu1111'.NV 1 I111111 Iif It Iit I'
Majo 1111411? partners: 1 4.10114. I' S . \\r'.Ilnl
1(1111111. 1;111111? 1111p1141% 1.11.111. 11''^.1
l:rnn,1n\
Munrlary ennver4.ion rate: I '4.lulli (14..11 - ('',SII 'I
.14 111 \tal(If 11111 tr111I4.r41 t1? ',1)III . 111'1'14. Illll%I'IIIIIIII
Fiscal Fear: III11,n4.4. 1).111111' 4.r.4r. till IIG; I -,
',.111411 1 t'.M1 4.(,n 14,4.11?. IIII? 111II,111 4I) lul% V
4.h IIu4.lll I luI4. I!17 1
COMMIINI(:ATIof)NS
Ilailroads: I:II) nn . I'S '' 1?,111
Illghw'as'4.: 111(m) fill , -0,01) fill I'll 11tnh11111 1.700
fill g1.1% 1-1 .11111 (1n)lo4.ell1?.11111. nn111-1rrlntnrll rnilr.n!r
III 1?,114.1, 111.141% and It'll k%
Pipelitles: 1111111' 11l. I .4M) fill , rrllnrll plodor14..
2 111 lilt . 11.1)111,11 4.!.14.. III till
l'orta: 1 major i I lllll,l, \1I I ).1II1111.1I1, 11.14. '1 ,111111.1 I,
n1111"r
Civil air: 4.7 111.1),11 Itmi,poil till roll
AirIieI(Ic 1 1 ) 1 1 1 1 1 . 1 1 . S I rt4.,II 1 1r. 21 4.4.1111 it IIII.ulrrll
4.urla(r III) .I% %, 114.4.tIII II I%%.I4.4. 4,IN)) 4. .11111) It . 12
4.41)11 rln%+a4.'. I.1NN17,Sititi It . I 4.%1111 nnn'a% 114.x1
1!.1NN1 II
?1?(?I('(?llt11ltlllrli(?alinrt4.: l?\1'!?I11'lll IIltl'rll,1ll11r1.11 tt'I,'
(onun11nirali11n4.. 1,ur dollr'.to' 4.114. 1(1'. 41. I(N)
IlIrphorlr4., 251),1MM) 1.111111 and I51),1MM) I' rrrrr4.rr',
'.u11nl.lnnr (.111114.
I I 'I'\'. I F\I, .11111 I\\1 4.1.I1i11n,. 2
DEFENSE FORGES
Military manpower: 111.111'. 1.1 11), I,153.IMM1?
SO 1,0191 fit for milit.lr4. 'rr'i(r. :11111114. (11,044) ro-at It
nlilit:ln :Il,l? (I4) annuall4.
Military budget: blr Ii.ral 4.1.41 ending 10 :\ogu4.t
141.1? $1.1,21 nttllinn..1111,111 2), , of 1111,11 11110411
).ANC
76,(M)() %y mi . I:1'; forv%tvd, 1111; agri(ult111.11 ( 12"
cultivated). 17; bltill?up arva4., wa4.tc, Mc
Land Mrondarics: 1,1165 mi
WA'1T:It
I.imila 111 Icrriloriul %loalcr% 1. fill
1 II'.Illnl' 111) 11 fill Il'brlll?'. /11111 11r4.ltl(i trIrlllln.ll
'.rat
(:ouatlinc: ;4411 lilt
l'EOI'I.E
Popillation: 1. to 1.000
2 ,4..', IT 11, 7 G111
Nationalily: 111(1111
.11111111'1 ',rnrl!alr.r
I'ahnic diviainn4.: 4G'. \\111111. IT -5'. 1111.1111. 11) -4',
"cwt, II', Iokohl. 1)', 1)4.111.1. (4-t'. \I.Il111Lr. I Y,
1111111 \Irlr.III , I'. I IlFU111?.I114. .11111 I l'I1,111rSr
lteligion: S4.)'. \111'.In11 I -I'. .111111114.1. -1', 1 h(1'.It,111
11111')It II111:1.111 I',11114111( I
Language: I will If 1''I(111.11. 11111 r11!nLlr1 114.1' Ilfi11trd
III 11)1', 111 Illt 1111111\ 11,114.1',1'1111'.111"1' 4.111.111 4, 4.411 (1111.11
LnI~IJ.,ti I,4., 111 \\111111 4.,'r 11.11'111.1, 4.1111'.111111(! 1,1(4.4.
'.1(111111 In .1)1111' dl'1!trr In, 111.1114. II.:II till 111111111.1111111
I.iteracv: -i'. III', list I I(1 I 11111' .11,1. l"rullp
Labor forte: 1.712,1W))). .11,11111 ',(I', till- :- tcoce
al,ricoll oi,11 4.4.011.1'r'., .41111111 1_'-'IMF) 1.Irn1(4.
Organi,ed labor: II1.11Irlt4. III 4.4..11!1 1.111111 111t11'
(1'$rr.Intrd 114. 111111111'.. 11oar4.1'r (1111'. ('14.4.111!
I itI.n1111'15bit '. 1.14. IIIif II1'd
GOVERN 4Il?:N'l'
Legal name: R11nIIIlr of Srnri!,tl
Type: If-public
Capital: I)a14,1r
Political sulxlivi%iona: 7 rrl;11lll'.. ' It'h '1111(114. ulyd
into IS dl'partnt"nt4., 411 (114.4.1111'., anl!'11 (nnlntllnr.
legal system: ba4.r41 on I'41?11(11 (i4. it 1.14.4. 4.4.'.11111.
l(,114.)ilnthnt Adopted l'MO. n?4.isrd PIG; :old 147)),
io(li(i.ll n?cir%4. of Irgi.Iatl%4' a(t% in Soprl'no? (:11111)
i4.vhi(I .114.11 Ow go 1% 4.1 .1(.( limiting
lfficc). Irgal cdl(ation at I'nt'.er.i14. of I).Ik.lr, ha%
not a((rpted vollip1114.or% I( :J juri4.(li(lioll
Approved For Release 2002/07/03 : CIA-RDP86T00608R000600100003-3
 Approved For Release 2002/07/03 : CIA-RDP86T00608R000600100003-3
1lrunrlu's: (:r)arnnnrnl 4111In iI la l'?d he ,,,i.illt?tll
111 i. 1t?.Itlrll h. I'IIItil, \1ini.lrl, Ipp11intrll hs
I'n'idinl and 'Ilhji?cl III Ili'.nti',',:II II\ I'It'.ul:'nl 11r
Il lI'un? by Nilli11wil /\'.'.rrnllls. 411 tln?lulll'r N alinnal
, \ ? ? . ' r i l l l l 1 l l ' 1 ' l l ' I I f i l l 1 '.i ii', (1'lfl?I II. l' 191?(),
l'rl''Illi iiI 1'li i Ictl fill 5 11',11 11'!11, (1?lfi i II%'1' 1(11:1) l1t
1116% 1.1s.11 %ill Itat!1?, j llllilI.I r. In'u11r11 11% SIIIKI'tllr
'1111(1, ttith Inrnlllrl% npp( 1inlrlI I I % 1'n^.itlr?nl
(.ii vrrltocnl Icudcrs: Ic11p11ld Srllal Slnt(hw.
I'l.^,idrnl. %111111n I)i1111l, I'll lilt, \1int.11I
Suffrage: n116srr.,11 1(1111(
1-:1 ve I 1 1 1 ( 1 + 1 1 11it 111Jl. I1', I pn?.Illr 1111.1 .1111 Irt'hl,lll\r
1'Ircl i t im l l l ' I r l I'iIi III I. It.'t fill 1I tII IYI
I'olilicul parties and Icudcrs: I'nhut I'ru,',rr..i.lr
Sinig:ll,li.i (I 115). n1111r, hart. III h\ i'u?.idr?nl
I A?Iltlulll til'IIt'11111, Valli I)lntllrr,11111ul Si t i t(,IIIU\r
I I'l)SI, 1rt Il nltp11.lli11n part. 11111n1It'I Jill t 19i I.
111!(,11 Ir.lrlir. 111!11111,? (:1111111111111.1 1,14!11 1'.1111
\Iric,iin dr I Inllrprndrncr 111;111 ;lilt[ 1':1111
('utnnlnni.lr \rnrt;1l,ll. (Il( ,+I I .t:[In11?r t"111111!
(. I)IIIIIIIIIIi+Is: i ft.%% (off) ill llni?.t', ,Intl .\ top,.
lilt/ti' I'AI i% lilt) \I11\rrI%%, I'( ;S In Jim I'i61nP
OIIi r political or pres+?Irt groups: Llhnr mini,(.
Ill' 1unlrnIlrll II\ IL1 rf\ .r n?ll?I11. ,11111
nci M 941.11k riLi
Mentltcr (if:.1('(.'I', :\111)1(. ('I:-\O, I:.1\11. I''.(:,1.
1 AO, IA1:\ 1 1 1 1 4 1 ) . I ( : : \ ( - , I I . ) ) . I \ 1 ( : ( 1 ,I I I ' , I I, ( )(:A %I, It )\1\?S, Srahrllc ( :Jill nittrl. t'
I'NF:S(:0 1'1'1, \VIIO, \\'\1( )
l?:(:()NOM1'
(.1)1': S(1 i l 1 t a tI I i it I I l l i i i t I , ?S2 1 1 1 per c,lt lit a, 11?,11
itucstIt r,llr priih.iliI. rl111 or nrt,itnr .unr Itl;'
(IIN,li 711
Agriculture: In,iiif clap. pr.utlit .. 111111!1.
'ilt1liiitn. 111.1,11111?, Ill[', pe.11111ts Irrll11,11\ r,i.li 1th)),
,lrndnlllun if 11111(1 crllp' intrl.i.nic: hut .till
ln.iilfii irni 111! Hann ctic 11.1:llhrnn?nt.
fishing: ( I:-If 14,155) nu?tnc 11111.. 5.i:): (111111111,
t It);21. tsp11rt. $12 nnlhmi ( 1971 1, 1fit purts Unit
I. ailahll
'1lajor indu+tries: Il.hiiug Iw r[cnltural Jiro wc~sijlj',
plant., lit:hl m,11u11actnrint;. mining
1':Iet?trie Irowcr: III;,SlM) 6\t cap,iiil\ ( 111 11. 127)
nt111i'm 6\t hr priilurill i 197, 11. I1NI 6\% ht li t
v,ipila
F:slwrts: $17:1 million (I11I) . 11)7(1. ipprus 35'
peanut. and peanut pnrdrtct', phusphatl rt1i6,
canned 11.1
Irnptlrts: $?'ill) million (c I I . 147:11. (mod. c11n.unu?I
0((1!11+, niachintn. I ranspurt r(Iuipnu?nt
Major trade partners: Frailer. I (: (other Ilimi
FrtnceJ. and fr:un? inns
Aid: et(tttomic? - France I11Hfi-701 $115 million,
:hina ( 1 9 i : Z S19 l ntillimi, I' S (I IE)fiI - 731 ( S11
million, I' S S II 5i I nlllllit . I:(: I ItIf il 'i:I) SI'rl
mill1wi, niilil+u\ 11 S (1' 1'111 'i:l I $:1 N ;nillintl
Iludget: I97') lullnnl?1.11 al 14311 million, inilntlr.
!224 tnillllm clillvill mid $11.')
IIi'.t i1111'111
Monctun' emm-r611l rate: 11,(1,1 ., ahunl .1111
I :11nnul1n:u11r 1' frulurirtl' Alril ;u ill' fits - I ' SS I a. 111
1.1111.(. I(1i `~ (Ilu.llinl' %incr I'rhrwu\ 191:11
1iwv11 vear: I (ul% .(ii lung
COMMUNICATIONS
Ilailroad.: 1) 111 iii nn It -I t'al;t?. 111 fill douhlt I l.ii k
Ilighwuvs: 8,7,'''1 fill , 1 3:1., 1111 hilulnin(ill., ')01)
fill gr.lclrl, 1011 lilt intpm\1.11 1;1101.
unintt1;11\1 II rar11
ItlII I11I w'aterway's: ) r fill
1'orl+: I !11.1(11! I l I,II ,n I. ''. milli,
(:lull Mir: l 111.1(11! 11,111,pull ,1111 r,ilt
Airliclds: 2!; 1111,11..'.; us:lhll' Ii) still, liltnl.ulu?nl
.unit! rnn%tls.. I still] tons(,,. 8.1NN1 11 11) II 19
s.illl nnt\t,i%% 1.(55) 1,(51(1 It , :1 ..,1pL11u? .talimi%
1'clccontnulnieulions: 111,41nr1\ ,uls.u]rrtl lilt
\Irlra :il, IS) Irlrpl11nr., 's', 1551 ladlo trrrl.rr..
I,Ii'rllI V ir1 ri\rl., 4 W. nu I
\1. Inl[ I 'I \' .lalrms.
1.ulnnarn]r I,1hlr,
DEFENSE FORCES
Militarv manpower: 111.(1!. I'r I1), itlr5(NNI 11+5 1)151
f i t fur m i l i t , , . r i . i l l , 'r_',INNI till 1111111,11\ .Ill' 1IS1
innu,ills
!lfiliturv hod?et: fill fu.i,il \ tar 41111[1(11' ill I11nr
141'1. 524.51 7,.~tlr, ,1111111 (I V. uI 1111,11 hutlt"rl
001YA (Z'
LAND
1:0 i .tI till arillIr land. marls all Ill` it IN
under culthatinn, I,'i 511411(1 and for1.l Laid, 29'i
IS2
Approved For Release 2002/07/03 : CIA-RDP86T00608R000600100003-3
 Approved For Release 2002/07/03 : CIA-RDP86T00608R000600100003-3
July 197,)
111111'1 (lllalrlls 11.1'1'. 111111 111111'1 '.Imhll'1'' 1111s11lli'11 I'll
41),lirullun?), II) y,oulltlu 411111 13 rorIll Islands
WATER
Limiit% of Territorial waters (claimed)) :1 n 1111
(hshiny, 12 it 1111 )
Coaslliner :11)5 nli (\I4111r 1.1411111 ')h nil
PEOPLE
Pupulallonr ;1!I,IN111, ;uvi 111),1
2 1'7 (7, 8 7/72)
Nationality: noun Sevchrhois (slug h 111
1 ii lj1'1'l l\'1' SI'11'lll'hl'.
Ethnic divisiom: Srs1?hr11ms (adtnislme of Asimi%,
Alricmi%. 1':Iroprluls )
Religion: 1111') HO1111111 Catholic
1.a11guage: I':n),lish olfirlal, ('u nit' mild ssidrlc
spl'kr11
Literary: litiuitrd
Labor loree: 22,(X)(1 a),lirnllun'
Organized labor: :1 major Irulr onions
GOVERNMENT
Legal na-ne: (:oluns of the SI'schrllrs
Type: llrilish crnssn colons, I4ritaiii Iii'
gr;illt iodt'prnd.ticr' hrlura' lilt, Jllnr I!-"1i
Capital: \ it?tori,l, \L1hr I'Lunf
Legal system: h,l'rd on 1':11t0is) ''nninlnn
I'rrnrh 1 ivil I,isv ssslrrI I, and custumuus lass
Rranches: (:osrrnor. (;olnutil of \linistrrs,
Lr),jsl,ltise :\s.rtnhls
Government leader: (:nvrnlur Sir lIrncr Great
hatch
Suffrage: nnivrr.. I adult
Elections: April 1971, held rvrrs 5 sears
Political panics and leaders: Sis,hulles I)ruuuu
craljr ('arts (SDI'). James it \lanch.lm. I'msidvnl,
Srschrllrs Peoples t'nilyd Path (Sli't'(, France
Alllt,rl lirne. President
Voting strength: SDI' sson 1:1 seals in I.cr,islatisr
Assernhls ssitll .52 1', popular sate in 1974 election,
SHIP sson 2 seats ssith 17 li'7 of slutrv,, under
at;rerrrunt reached ill \larch 1975. uat?h parts nanu?d
fi'.r mess 11n?mbrrs to the Iegislatilre
Communists: nr),Iigiblr
Other political or pressure groups: trade itmon%
s%hich are appendages of politiual parties
ECONOMY
Agriculture: klands depend Iargels on vocunut
protlurlion and esiltlrl of copra, cinnamon, vanilla,
:111d 1mIchunli (used for Ix'rhtmes) are o11u'r cash
t'rop%; foot) crops - small tllantities Of sweet
potaturs, cassava, sng,ucarle, and bananas; islands
not self' efficient in foodstuffs and the hulk of the
supply must be imixlrtrd
Major iodestriesr pn'crssio), of coconut Mull
vanilla, Ilshiliv, ',1114111 sc411q' enlllmluclmrr of rnu'ulnrl
),mods, (-Ill[ 111111' 1M1?lorv, Ill helot
Elevirie powerr :1,5(s) W. ralwl?ily (11171), 1)
Inilllnll kss I1r (uudnrrll ( 1117 I I, I'i 1 k%% In per
4-41111141
l;xporlsr $2 I ntillloo (I 11 It, , 1117(1), I immm oo
(hiuk 111111 till) and v;ullllu arronnl fill aluiui1s1 :d)'; of
Iht, lotai, cupru ueculmlls for :Iho111 111''), the
tm'limdt,r (?umsfslfmy, of patchutili, fish, ,null ),u41mo
Imports: $11) 1 million (ci I . I'(71)), food, tobacco,
aid hrvum),ls acrouml for 4111ou1 11)'1 of impluls,
mouull,u'Iured goods ghoul 2,5'i, rnurhinrn and
Itanpoll r(tuipun'vll, prlmlrnnl produ -Is, Ir'lily%
Major trade- partners: rtpurls Indio, V S
in111or1'. I' K , Bunn,r. India. South Afrir,,, Krnsa,
\uslralii
Aid: $12 tnillinn in aid Ilatilutt 1117 1 711 hnml 1' K
t'S (t-It ;a1 7.1) $11 .5 million
Budget: I Y7:1 rrsrtiues 1') million. rrlrrnhilmrr'
111 trillion (appros I
Moortury conversion rate: .1 1 Srs1?helfl's
niprl.',._I'S$I
Fiscal year: r,drndar sear
(:OMM1i(INICATI(? NS
Railroads: nnnl
Ilighways: 11I Oil , 7h till hitunliunos. 63 mi
rnl.h,d stntir or r.irth
Ports: I minor port (\ jctori,t 1
Civil air: no major transpurl aircraft
Airfields: ?1 total, ?1 usable (on Praslin Island,
Astovv Island. Bird Island, Mahe Island); I Iw'rinanent-
surlace nmsvas SOMA 1.499 it , hlre"'r IIAFsraplau,
slaliun at s.ictoria. Mahe Isfarca, ,rlthnuld, not iti
IrIrscnt usl?, ,Ylrlitl he used in rnlrrt;rncv
Tele cumin unicati oil s: lii rl'l?I radio conimuuit?,1-
lions with adj,lcrIt islands ,Mid African coastal
rumntrics, 2, 17(1 telephones; 15,11(5) radio, and tilt T
s e t s , 2 AM, no I ' M, and nu 'I \ 'tatiuns, suhml,lri11r
c,lhlrs extend to Aden, I'aniauio, and Sri Lanka
DEFENSE FORCES
Military ruanposscr: males 15- M. 13,m), 7,(XX) fit
lo? nullities srrsice
SIERRA LEONE
LAN I)
27,1510 sit tni ; O. arable (Vi of total land area
under cultisation), 271' pastltru. ?I`. swampland, ?11'1
rousted
Land boundaries: SMI) mi.
I $3
Approved For Release 2002/07/03 : CIA-RDP86T00608R000600100003-3
 Approved For Release 2002/07/03 : CIA-RDP86T00608R000600100003-3
July 1975
SItARA
rl~Ilnwlr:
Atlantic
Oman
IVORY
COAST
WATER
limits of territorial waters (cluimcd): 21R) n no
Cou'Aille: .!N) fill
1'1?:(1'1,1':
Population:.' 7 I`i.INNI.:n'rrugr ;11(11(11 gross Ill rate
1'1'7(7'73-7;-1)
Nationality: noon - Sicrta I .i' i i' inl"), alhectisl'
Sierra L4-onean
1?tlmic divisions: (1% (.1 !19'; 11ati%e Alric. n. test
I?:nrop4-an and Asian. 1:1 Tribes
Religion: 711"1 ,ulinlist, 25 Mnslinl.5 ~:hristian
Language: FlIglisli official. hot rigolar n.c limited
to literate nlinorils. principal %vrnueolar. arc %lcndc
in soolh :out Tvinnu ill north. "1(1111 " if form crl
pidgin I':nllIsll. is .II"o ssldl?Is spohrn
II14,racv: al rout I(1"I
Labor force: about 1.3 million: most (if population
engage% in '1111.i'.Icnc4- agricullur4-; only small
nlioorits, sonic 71),(X19, earn '.sages
Organized labor:: 35"; of '.sage earners
GOVERNMENT
Legal ^!roe: Iicpnlllic of Sierra Leone
Type: repnhlic ender presidential regina' since
April 1!)71
Capital: Prectossii
Political subdivisions: :3 prlrs'inccs: divided into 12
districts ss'ith I'It) chiefdoms, where parionnnm chief
Mid coollvi1 of elders constitute basic unit of
goverim..'nt, plus '.sclera urea. sshich comprises
Frertown and other coastal :n?as of the former cnlouv
Legal system: based on English law and c'ustotitars
laws indigenous to local tribes; constitution adopted
April 1971; highest court of appeal is the Sierra I.c'one
(:hurt of Appeals; has not accepted compulsory I(:J
jork(liction
11Iris is ehes: I'vl'cull%1, nulllllriIf rsen?1%1d I.v
Vic.,tdl?nl, pntltutnrnl co'ISlsts of 97 1, If' IIillrrs, tIJ 4d
5(1111111 IIii' 1'1('1'11'11 II'IlrI,SI'IIIIIII%rI... Ill111 1'2 IIIItl1IIIIIIIit
1'11i1'k rrilfvwntltlt! 1111(11 1'0lllll'I'h III plovitll'i.il
IlIStlil'1'., 111111' It. 1' r 1111' 111 Illd l l'I II I)'
(:overnnu?nt ladert 'ihlka '!'sins, I'n'cident
l11'illl. Al'(? i!Irsl'ri11t11'tut 1'llllllllr',ri'' I 11 1111'i11l,t?is ill III%
political palls
Sllffrage: IIIIIS'el.id 1111.1 '.Il;e
Elections: the nla'ioluir lilt. of 111 111.04-d
pafl1.o111'nl is ') 51.115, flit it ii',,' Ire dksolscd earlier
Irv the l'residl'nt, Irlrli.Irnt.nlir, if III 1(111) in \I.1%
1117:1. I'restdcnt is ileclyd It.', Iturii:Inlint lot i se.lr
14-1111, nevi pn?sidcnlial i'iccllon 19711
Political parties anti Nailer'.: All I'eoplr's (:oul(rl?ss
IAI'(:1. Invaded 1(s St"yetis Si1?rta I.eone Peopll?'s
fulls 'it TV) Is the opposition park
(;onnnunisls: no p.lrts, although there aw a Ii'w
(:ononnni"ls and .I 'Ii)hlls largir number c,I
ssnl i,ithiiers
Member of: Al 1)11, (:otnnlonsse.ll11i, I?:(:A. I'A' ),
IAI?:A. I1lh'I). I(:AU, If,(' I\li . 1'I'l', () X. Scahl-ds
(:onnniltc', t! N., I'NI'4:O. t'I'li, '.\'fs11)
ECONOMY
(.1)1': $:1'21 million , !112), appros $120 wr c;ipit .
11?.11 l't''stii rule I!)7(I, ;'~-'I'7
Agrit?ulture: 111,1(1 carps -- paint kern4-ls, cone'(',
cocoa, rtec. 5.11115, Ill l'I4-t, ginta'r. Crisa\ a. tench of
iIlltisat4-11 1,11111 dry red to sulsislcnct. laroJ11g, hrcrll
crops in5ullich?nl flit donmslit' corisunlption
Fishing: catch 5!,INR) inn-Irk tons (1912), $ti (i
million (1972), in11!orts $2.7 milli.w (1!171)
.1ajor industrc?, : inin!ng cii:nnoncis. iron 1'rc.
bauxite. rolile, ut.ulufactoring bescragrs, te51i11'.,
cigar(ltes. conslructi(n goods, I oil relinir
Electric power: .)7,(X)41 kss capacity (1971); 271)
million kss. -hr. prodoeed (1971), (i3 kss -1(r per capita
Exports: $123 million (I o h , 1973), 6(117
diarluuuls, iron arc. halm kernels, cocoa. coffee
Imports: $1.33. million (c?i f.? 1973), machinrrs and
tr.onporlation elloipmeill, nlanofacton'd gonc1s.
foodstuffs, petroleum ptoclucts
Major trade partners: V.K., I?:(:, Japan, V S.,
(:orrununisl colnitrim's
Budget: 'FY71) current H'senucs $1(W) niiliie+n,
current ecpcncbturt.s $82 million
Monetary conversion rate: I tu'na'=US$I.19
Fiscal year: I Jule -:3(1 Juru? (since I Juts 196(;I
COMMUNICATIONS
Railroads. about lit) tai. narrnss gage (3'R")
privately mined mineral Iin(- openited by the Sierra
Leone 1)esc?Iopnu?nt (:lunpariy
Approved For Release 2002/07/03 : CIA-RDP86T00608R000600100003-3
 Approved For Release 2002/07/03 : CIA-RDP86T00608R000600100003-3
July 1975
Ilighways: 5,1:411 rill ; .1.111 rill lillrrrnlnul:?,
(inrludin); Noll"' bllnnlifiuus Irralinrnl), 1,171) rni.
L114?1111' (snnu ) nrvrll, mill 3,110 lilt violli
Inland walerwaysr 500 rift ; :172 fill. nnvigubl(?
rat nntnd
forts: I ma jot (Prrr lawn), 2 nti11111
Civil air: nn nlujol Ir:ulspurl :rift-n111
Airfields: I.) total, I.) mably; "1 w011, plnnanent
surface I with runw:rv M,111X1 If.!)!)!) I1., 1
with rtnnvuvs I.(XX) 7,999 I1.; I waplane stnlion
1'eleconununienlions: l1-l1-phone .1111! 1el(' 111111 un?
adegnulr; 7,4.1( telrphuurs; 1)11,0(X) nrdhl rural 1i,0 01
'f\' receivers; I AM, fill I'' I, mid I 'I'\' slatinns; 1
snbnu(rine rubl1''
DEIFEINSE FORCES
Military manpower: nudes 1) 19, 6100H). :9)7,11(X)
It (ur tnilil:rrv Nervier; fill colm-liptioll
Military budget: fill scar ending 30 )11111' 1975,
$!),.'14,20:1; 6 i1'. (if (Mill b(rdgel
LAND
225 al nti.; 31'. twill up area, roll ls, raiboarls, and
airfields, 22`r agrieullural, .17!7 other
WATER
Limits of territorial waters (claimed): 3 it nti.
Coastline: 121 mi.
PEOPLE
Population: 2,251,11(X1, average annuli ge'stIi rate
I.Vi(7/73-7/7.1)
Nationality: noun-Singaporan(s); atljeclive-
Singaporan
Ethnic divisions: 76.21'. Chinese, 151 Malay, 71'1
Indiam mid Pakistani, I.M" other
Iteliglon: nur(I'rlly of (:hlllr'sr? me ItII(I(lhlsls III
Illreists; \tallvs nralls Ill Musllnl; nllnmilie, inrludr
(:hrisllun'., Illndn', Sikhs, 11111615, (:on(url:ulists
Language: natirlnul Ian), uuge is Mulls'; (:hlnr'rr',
MIIIN, '8mil. Irrrl I':ngllslr :ue ollieiol langnl)%rs
Literacy: 711''. (1970)
Labor force: 171,71 H. I0.lr. Igrienllun', foll.%1I .
nd Iisllln);, II. I', mining :uul gfiurrying, 32 : '
nl:nnllaeluring, :1(1 1'', servi(?es, runslnl'liun,
21.5'. rolnnten'e, 1) 5'. Inrnspurl, '.binge, Intl
rnlnnlllnirltiuns
Orgunired labor: 21'. 01 labor he
GOVERNMENT
Legal name: Iicpiilllir' of Sing:Ipnr'
Type: n?puI'lit' within (111) ii t svi'u It Nina
separllion bout \Inlassia ill August 196;1
Capital: Sing;II)IIll'
Legal system: based nn I';rrglish enntnonl law,
eunslllulion llasrrl I'll prr?indrpend('rir1' Still- of
Sing:Iporr eumliluliun, legal erbrc:Iliun ;it ('niversih
l Singapnrr; has not arrrpte(I euntpnlsnn I(:J
urisdiction
Itrir cites: eerr'ul a i:Il Prrsidr?nt; esleulivr pot%(r
esrrei'.rrl b% I'rinn' Minister :Intl eabinvl n'sponsible it,
u:ilars Iegislat in?
Govemrnent leaders: Prrsi(lrnl, Dr Benjamin
Shear's; I'rinl'? Minisler, bet' lilt, )I-%%
Suffrage: univrnll (VII age 20, voting cinl)lulsun
Eleetions: nurnralls (?5('rs .1 sears
Political parties and Iea(lers: go%vrnnn'nt -
11191r's Action Park (1'1'\1'), 1,er Kim n ')'e\%;
up,)lsition Rarlsall Susi:dis Parts 1INI'), I)r. Ire
Sieve (:huh. Workers' Path, J. It. Jesarelnarrl,
(:on11nunist Party ille);al
Voting strength (1972 election): PAP Noll all 65
slats in p:uliam'?nt ;fit(; reerive(i 70'. of vote;
rrmaiuing :111''. lu four opposition parties
Conttnunists: 200-.500; Itaris:Itl Sosialis I':Irt\
nfiltr.Ile(I by Communists
Member of: AI)I1, ASI?:AN. Colombo Plan, (:A'I l ,
IAI':A, 1111(1), ICAO, If-'(:, It,(), IMO. I\1 P, I'l'l'.
Seabeds Cumnlittrr, U N., t'NI':S(:O, (39', WIIO,
WMO
ECONOMY
GNP: $5.0 billion (197-I), $2,2(1() per capita; 12.3r.
average annual real growth (1966-7.1)
Agriculture: occupies a position of minor
importance in the econonn, ''Ii-sufficient in pork.
poultn, and eggs ,IUSt import much of its other food
requirements; major crops - nrhher, copra, fruit afid
vegetables
Fishing: catch 15.7(X) metric tons (1972). imports
- ?17.0(X) metric tons (1972)
Approved For Release 2002/07/03 : CIA-RDP86T00608R000600100003-3
 Approved For Release 2002/07/03 : CIA-RDP86T00608R000600100003-3
July 1973
Major industriest pettoleuni rr'lininl',. oil drilli'ag
"tlttll)ntenl, rultln?r Itroul.%slny, and t,al,ber pn)dot't%'
pnnr%srd load and beverap.es, elrelnmtt s, ship n?palt.
rut:11)1)1 I rode
Electric power: 1,110,000) ksv rapaelt s' (I!)7 I ), ;1 !)
(billion kw -lit produced (1971). 1.771 kw lit, 1)11
ca.,1a
1?;xport%: $1; 'bill,oo (1 o h., 1)17?I ), 50"wexpotl'?;
pttr1)1eutu pnt(nets, robber. omoul aeluted );1)11(1.
Imports: $5.0(i Lillian (t'.i 1., 11)71)? 25" good%
reexported: nutjir rr?Iolned irnl)url' caltll,tl
wittit)rnlnl, nuutttfaclurtd goo(k 1)11ruliutn
Major trade partners: exports - Malaysia.
Int(.uu'sta, 11.5., Japan, U.K., in)porls jap,ot.
ytal;assi,t, U.S., U.K
Aid: I L K - ( 1960) - Seplentber 1969) $251 million
disborw(L (1969-73) $121) million extendrd: 11)1(1)
(11)(;,1 - 1!)71) $1.13 utillion uonunilled, $01 trillion
disbunld; 1I.S -- (I' Y53-7.1) $102 million cominitted
Budget: (F)'75/76) revenues $1.1 billion, lxprndi
11111% $1 M billion, deficit `,170( million. 25'7 ntilitars,
75",* civilian
Monetary conversion rate: 2 ?IS Singapore
dollar- US$1
Fiscal year: I April - 31 Much
COMMUNICATIGNS
Railroads: 24 rni, of meter ga
Highways: 1,226 mi.: 773 rni, lmved, 213 tai
cro%lied stool, 210 mi. unproved earth
Ports: :1 major
(3vZI air: Ill major tramport aircraft
Airfields: 5 total, 5 usable: ?) stub pr?rnianent-
surface rntawavs; 2 with runways !,,(((1-11,999 ft_, 2
with runsvavs 4,1(()-7,999 It.
Telecommunications- adetluate t!onu'stIr facilities:
good international service; gaud radio and television
broadcast coverage; 350,159 telephont s; :111 .105)
radio and 2.10,31.1 TV sets; 2 AM, 5 FM.: and 2 'I?V
%tatiotts; new %eacom submarine cable t?\lends to
I long Kong via :. -bah, Malaysia; I ground satellite
station
DEFENSE FORCES
Military manpower: males '5-19,5960)0; 12.1,00(1
fit for military servo-;'
Military budy-l: for fiscal year ending 31 March
1970, $335 rniliion; about IM'i of total budget
SOMALIA
LAND
246,((0 sri. mi.; 139r arable (11.3"6 cultivated), 32'.
grazing, 1.19;, scrub and forest, W; mainly desert,
urban, or other
Land boundaries: 1,40(i mi.
Indian
Ocean
R
WATER
limits of territorial waters (claimed): 21111 11 nti
Coastline: I,MM)) 1))i.
1, opulation::3, 15:3,1((), avt?rat;e annual growth rate
23'7 (7/65.7/72)
Nationality: coon --- Somali(s); alit-'live--S1)nwli
l tbrie divisions: M5' Il,ttnilit, rrst mainly Bantu:
30,0(00 Arabs, :3.111111 I':uroltluns, MI(1 Asians
Religion: almost entiu'Iv Mnslint
Language: Somali (written lunn recently instilull(I
by guvernntent). Arabic, Italian. I':nglislt
Literacy: tntdrr 5"
Labor force: 9)15,1(() (19)15 1st.): very fesy :tre
skilled lahor'?ts; 70"' pastoral uontatls, :10'"
agrir?ulturists, government employees, Iradvr%.
fishermen, handicruftsrnen. other
Organized labor: lass providing for goyernnu'nt-
cunlrolled labor union plooltilgated in June 1971. but
onion s1) far not est,ahlishrd
GOVERNMENT
Legal name: Somali Democratic Ilepubltc
Type: rvpuhlic; under military rule sitnce')cliber
I !(i!)
Capital: s1ugadiscio
Political subdivisions: I I rtgitns, .51; districts
Organization: the junta has assumed all authority.
calling itself the Supreme Revolutionary, Council,
membership of which consists of IS army and 3 police
officers; the Council has abrogated the constitution-
dissolved the parliament, and banned political parties
Government leader: Pn?sident of the Supreme
Ilevolntionarv Council, Gen. Mohamed Siad Barre
Communists: possibly some C:un)nnutist sympa-
thizers in the government hierarchy'
Member of: AFDB, EAMA, FAO, 113111), ICAO.
ILO. IMF. ITU, OAU, Seabeds Committee, U.N.,
UNESCO, UNICEF, UI'U, WHO
Approved For Release 2002/07/03 : CIA-RDP86T00608R000600100003-3
 Approved For Release 2002/07/03 : CIA-RDP86T00608R000600100003-3
July 11075
1'(:ONOMY
GUI': $220 million ( 1973 ctrl.), $70 pei capita
crops
Agriculture: mainly it paslnn)T country; III In
I)II II II IIII%, su I'll nvuu', cotton, ( -)reuIs ; Iivesl, u'k
Major industries: it few snudl iodnstrl('s, in"IudinK
it sugar refinery, tuna and beef caan( ties. irm n:d
plant
Electric powcv: 41,0(X) kw. capacity (197.1); 38
million kw.-hr, produced (1974',, 12 kw.-hr. per at' plUt
Exports: $57 million (f.o.b., 14173); bamuuns,
livestock, Ilid)5. skins
Imports: $112 milling, ((-.i.f, 1973); textiles, cereals,
transport ctluil)ntcnt, nuu'hinerv
Major trade partners: Italy and Arab cnuntri)s;
$29 million imports from (;on:e:unisl coonlries ( 1973
est.)
Monetary conversion rate: (3.233 Somali shil-
liogs- US$1
Fiscal year: I January - 31 I)ecetnbcr
COMMUNICATIONS
Railroads: none
Highways: 8,414 nu.; 582 mini. paved; 478 nti.
crushed stone, gravel, fit stabilized sail; 7,3;-) mi.
improved or unimproved earth
inland waterways: Fitnnc Ciuba navigable 3.15 mi.
from May to mitt-June and August to III[(- Nuv(nnher
Ports: 3 major (Mogadiscio, Berbera, Kistn;tya), 17
minor
Civil air: 5 major transport aircraft
Airfields: (it total, 41 usable; 3 with pernnatu?nl-
surface runways; I with runway over 12,0(X) ft.; 3 wi1hn
runways 8,(X1)-1I.91)9 ft., 14 with runw;tvs ?1,0(X)-
7,S99 ft.
Telecommunications: telephone p::- ., telegraph
fair; 4,740 telephones; (35,00) radio receivers; 2 AM,
no FM or 'I'V stations
DEFENSE FORCES
Military manpower: males 15-49, 754,0(X); I I6,(XX)
fit for military service; no conscription
Military budget: for fiscal year ending 31
December 1972, lc',4(X)0X); 25.3% of total budget
IAND
472,(X)0 !it. mi. (includes enclave of Walvis Bay,
434 sq. mi.); 12% cultivable, 2^% forested, 86 % desert,
waste, or urban
Land boundaries: 1,270 mi.
WATER
Limits of territorial waters (claimed): 6 ri. mi.
(fishing, 12 n. mi.)
Coastline: 1,790 mi.
pI:OI'1,1'
Population: 24,96.1,(X)11, ; vcrag) annual growth
rate (7/73-7/71)
Nationality: noon---South African(s); a(Ijcctive-
Suuth African
Ethnic divisions: 17.8"; while, (39.9`7 African,
9.4"i Colnr)d, 2.5)'7 Asian
Religion: primarily Christian ('wept Asian and
African; 60''1 of Africans arc animists
Language: Afrikaans and 1':nglish official. Africans
have many verna('olar I;unguages
Literacy: almost all white population literate;
itovenun)nt esti(Ial(s 35"; of Africans literate
Labor force: 8.7 million (total of economically
active. 1970); 53"i agriculture, 8"i m;umfacturing,
71 minim;, 5 i data mere, 27"1 tiiis('etlanenus services
Organized labor: about 7`i of total labor fore) is
nnnionized (mostly whit) %%orkers): nunwhiles have no
bargaining power
GOVERNMENT
Legal name: Republic of South Africa
Type: republic
Capital: administrative, P?ctoria; legislative. (nape
'T'own; judicial, Bloemfontein
Political subdivisions: 4 provinces. each headed by
centrally appointed administrator: provincial
councils, elected by white electorate, retain limited
powers
Legal system: based on Boman-Dutch law and
English common Iaw'; cor.tit(ition enacted 1961,
changing the Union of South Africa into it Republic;
possibility of judicial review of Acts of Parliament
.?oncernirig dual Official lung41ages; ucccpts cornpul-
sorv ICJ jurisdiction, with reservations
Branches: President as formal chief of state; Prime
Minister as head of government; Cabinet responsible
to bicameral legislature; lower house elected directly
by white electorate; upper house Indirectly sleeted
Approved For Release 2002/07/03 : CIA-RDP86T00608R000600100003-3
 Approved For Release 2002/07/03 : CIA-RDP86T00608R000600100003-3
:end appointed; ju(Iiciit rv nralntaim substutliuI
independence (If govcmmnent inlluenac
Covenunent leader: I'rirnr N11ntslrr Ilallhuzur
Johunnrti 1'nrslrr
Suffrage: general sullnrge Iimilad to whllcs over IM
(17 in Nulal I''uvioc(?)
F.Ieelions: toad In? held it bust cvcr i vran; Li,!
elacllons April 1971
Political parties and leaders: Nutiunal Party, It.
Vorslrr, I', W. Botha, (:. Mulder, M. C. Itolha, Jan I)r
Klerk; I~nllc(1 forts, Sir Dc Villiers (:r:,iiII; I'rugrrsstsr
I':rrty. Colin !?glin, Ilel(?n Saimaa; Ilcnligle
Nasion:rly burly, Albert Ilertzog; Hrlurnr Party (split
from Ignited Park, in Fcbroarv 197i), Harry Schwarz
Voting strength (1974 general elections)
purliarm'nlary silts: National Party I22, United Parts
I I , I'rogressiva I':ui V 6
Corn Inunists: srn:rll (:ornlnunist 1',ots iIIrgaI since
I!),ill; partsts in exile maintains hoa:l(Iuurlvrs ir;
I,ondon: I)r. 1'asul I)u(loo, Moses K:)lane, Jar Sloso
Other political groups: (tnsnrgent groups in exile)
African National Congress (AN(:). Oliver 'I?:nl,o;
I':ut-Africunist Cotagress WA(:), Icadersbip in dispute
Member of: IAF.A, W ID, I(:,w, 11111, IMI-, ITU,
Scahrds (:nrnmitIve, U.N., UIT, :VII), WM(
COMMUNICATIONS
liailroads: 1:!,3IH rni,; II,57), nri, 1'6' 1~ngr of
wliirh I,:1'2:1 mi. me oodliph, track; 2,726 mi.
electrified; 111) mi. 2'11" gu)'r sinl!Ic buck
Ilighways: :'.20,(()11 mi.: 3I,70(1 mi. Iwvvd, 42,115()
mi. cntshed door or gravel, 1-15 .650 rni, improved a lid
u;iintpruved varllr
Pipelines: crude oil, 520 mi.; refined prodiO ts, 150
mi.; autumnal gcs, 200 mi.
Ports: 5 major, (i minor
Civil air: 'i2 major Irunslu,rt :rirarall
Airfields: 11(11) lutul, 515 usuldr; 51 oiIIi
pirnuuuvN-surfave nunvays; I with runwn\ user
12,(11)1) It., h with runways 5,111))-I I,!))0) It., 1,12 with
runsv:n% ?1,1111)-7,4)4 It., 2 seaplane stations
Telecommunications: the system :s the 1)151
drvrloped, must modern. and highest (rapacity in
Africa and consists of ucater-r(luippvd upon-w i rc
tines, coaxial 'ubles, radio- relay links, :rii (I
radiotunaill uniculion stations; kas canters arc
I(luemlontein. (:apa Town, Uurbun, Johanncslnug,
Port I';lizabrth, and I'rrlori:(; IS million IvIepholic%;
2.5 million r: din receivers, 13 A M. (ill F\11. and im TV
slultons; 4 subnwrine (ablas
ECONOMY
(:DI': $33 billion (197.1, prelim.). $1,361) par
capita; real growth rate 7.2'1 (1471)
Agriculture: main (roars -- corn, wool, wheal.
vrgarcane, luhacco, citrus Iroits; dairy lmalucls; salf-
snffi(?ient in food"Iufl'
Fishing: (:itch I. 3 million rnalric tons (1473), $176
million ( 1473)
Major industries: mining, autnnu,l,ile :rsscmhls,
metalworking, ma(him?rv, textiles, iron and stccl,
c?henrical, fertilizer, fishing
Electric power: I I.635,00(1 kw. capacity ( 19711;
7(1.5 billion k\% .-hr. produced (1974 ), 2,750 kw-hr. par
capita
Exports: $1.7 billion 1471 excluding gold):
wool, diamonds, corn, ur:uri(mn, sugar, fruit. hides.
skins, metals, metallic ores, :rshestos. Fish products;
gold output $3.5 billion (1971)
Imports: $8.4 billion (f.o.b., 1471): motor vehicles,
machinery, metals, petroleum products, textiles,
c?henricals
Major trade partners: U.K. and other Corrunun-
wcalth nations, U.S., West Cara:any, Japan
Aid: no substantial military or economic aid
Budget: FY76 - revenue $9.1 billion, expenditures
$9.6 billion
Monetary conversion rate: I SA Rand = U S$1.47 as
of January 1975, 1).65 SA Hand=11S$1
Fiscal year: I April - 31 March
NOTE: Foreign trade figures are official South
African data converted at $1.47
DF.FENSI?: FORCES
Military manpower: males I.,- Ill. 5,617010;
3,437,0110 lit I':r inilrlar a?rvica: ohlig:rlion for
sin ice
in (:itiu?n Foice hegins at 18, volonlaers for writ( in
pcntanent force must hr 17
Military budget: for scar ending .1I March 1975,
51,003.371,1111(1: about I6.?1 'i of total hudget
LAND
315,0((1 sq. mi.; mostly desert except for interior
plateau and area along northern border
Land boundaries: 2,:360 mi.
Approved For Release 2002/07/03 : CIA-RDP86T00608R000600100003-3
 Approved For Release 2002/07/03 : CIA-RDP86T00608R000600100003-3
July 1975
WATER
Limits of territorial waters (claimed): (i n. nri.
(fishing;, 12 n. mi.)
Coastline: 925 mi.
P1':OP1,1':
Population: H36,O(X), ;nvvrage annual growth rate
2.2 :7 (current)
Nationality: noun--South West African(s);
a(Ijeclive---Santa West African
Ethnic divisions: I?Ifi white, Hl `7 Africans. 5'7
Colored (nndaltoesl; almost half the Africans belong
to Ovatnbo tribe; Damara tribe has almost ?13,(1(1)
nlembtvs; Ilereru, Okavango, Nauoa tribes have about
;10,(X)0 Inernbers each
Religion: whites pmdomninanlly (;hristiao,
nonwhites either animist or Christian
language: Afrikaans principal language of sham
70"1 of schite population, German of 22`7 and I:I gfis I
of V; ; several African hurgiages
Literacy: high for while population; low for
nnnw.hilc
Labor force: '-03.:30(1 (total of ecoonolie;Illy active,
1470); 6M'7 agriculture, 15`; railroads, 1:3'1 mining,
4''r fishing
Organized labor: no trade onions, although some
white wage canters belong to South African unions
GOVERNMENT
Legal name: Territory of South-West Arica
Type: administered as part of Republic of South
Africa, under it League of Nations mandate of 1920;
V.N. formally ended South Africa's mandate on
October 27, 1960, and status now in dispute
Capital: Wir:(Ihoek
Political subdivisions: 10 tribal homelands, mrsliv
in northern sector, and zone open tit while settlement
with a(Intinistrative subdivisions similar to a province,
of Soull! Africa
Legal system: based oil Roman-Dutch law- and
(?usttnnarv law
Branches: a(bniit istrator, appointee of South
African Coverninenl, has juri(liction over zone of
white :ettlenrenl with white-elected Legislative
Assembly handling some local matters; white residents
also elect representatives in South African Parliament;
tribal hontelaodsare underSuuth African Departmml
of Banta Administration and Development will) tribal
chiefs exercising limited aulonunrv; popularly elected
legislative c?rnulcils for Ovantl)Olaml and l;avango-
land established in August 1973
Government leader: B. J. van der Walt,
Administrator
Suffrage: limited to white adults
Elections, lust general election, 1971
Political parties and leaders: while parties ---
Natio11al hilly (NI'), Ind in South-West Africa Irv A.
If. do I'lessis; united Nulional South-%Vesl Party
( LINSWI'), J. 1'. Niehaus
Voting strength: NI' (1974 election) wan 5 of (i
seals in Republic legislature
Contntunistsr nn (;mmirunisl Parts, but snore
influence by South African (;nmtnunisls and other
Communists on South-West African blacks onlsi(le
territory
Other political or pressure groups: nonwhite --
South-West Africa Peoples Org;uaiz;alion (SWVAI'O),
nlnmsl exclusively based 0)n Ovanrbo tribe led by Satn
Nujonm, in exile; South-West Africa National union
(SW'ANU), princuily based on Ilereru tribe, leaders in
exile; Naliunal Units' Democratic Organizulion
(NIl)O), primarily based on Ilereru tripe led by
(;lennvals Kapuuu; Narnibi;ua National Cunvenlion,
;an alliance of non-while groups thug )Oppose separate
develulnnenl for tribal homelands
.?,CONOMY
Agriculture: lirestock raising (cattle and sheep)
pretlorninates, st.hsislence caps (millet, sorghum.
corn, :rod snore wheat) are raiso(I Irut most food rand
be irnpurtctl
Fishing: catch .567,tit10 metric tons (1972)
(processed narstly in South African enclave of Walvis
1;:I%,)
Major industries: meatpacking, fish processing,
copper. Irvin, and diamond raining, (fairy products
Electric power: 155,20(1 kw. capacity (197,3), 54:3
million kw.-hr. produced (1973), (i90 kw.-hr, per
capita
Aid: South Africa is 0)1115' major donor
Monetary conversion rate: I South African
R1ur(1= U S$1,18 3 (as of Jane 197-1'), 0.6729 SA
Iiund = US$1
Fiscal year: I April - :31 March
COMMUNICATIONS
Railroads: 1.45-1 rni., alt :3'6" gage. single track
Highways: 21,0(X) mi.; 2,34.1 mi. bitucainous
treated. 220 nti. gravel and 18,136 tai. pith road ;? J
tracks
Ports: I major (W'alvis li;ty), I minor
Civil air: 5 major transport aircraft (registered in
South Africa)
Airfields: 110 total, 89 usable; I I with pernwnent-
surfac?e runways; I with runway over 12,0(8) ft.; :3 with
runways 8,000-I Lc199 It.. 39 with runways .1,000-
7,999 fl.
Telecommunications: system is a nuagerconthina-
tion of open-wire limes, a single short radio-relay link,
Approved For Release 2002/07/03 : CIA-RDP86T00608R000600100003-3
 Approved For Release 2002/07/03 : CIA-RDP86T00608R000600100003-3
Judy 1975
Mill llll sl':I)tl?mlf r:nliul'nIII III llllil':It it 111 s(:Iti111N; \'illlf-
hock is Oil, oilier; 111, hill tllrplnnl(s; unk11(\tn
1111111 lrr of radio receivers; 111) AM, 11''14, 111(1 1111 TV
slllions
l) 1':1'1': N SI':
Military manpower: Inuit's I3 P1, uhout 195,0(1(1;
about 11(i,000 lit for nlililurv st'rut'
LAND
195,0()() sq mi., Including Canary (2,900 st1. mi. )
:Ind Balearic Islands (1,)11O Nil. mi. ): 11 "' aruhdc and
land under permanent craps, 27'1 nme:uiow and
pasture 22`; forest, 1(1'7 urban or other
Land boundaries: 1.180 mi.
WATER
Limits of territorial waters (claimed): (i it. mi.
(fishing, 12 it, Ili.)
Coastline: 3,085 tai. (includes Ilalraric Islands, 1211
mi., and Canary Islaucb., 720 mi.)
PEOPLE
Population: 35.596,00 (including the Balearic and
Canary Islands; also including Alluucrmas, Ceuta,
Clutfit rinas, Mel,ii i, and Penns de Velez de It
Gono?ru I, average annual growth rate 1. 1'(' (current )
Nationality: noun-Spaniard(s); adj(ctiv(-
Spanish
Ethnic divisions: hmnogrneous composite of
Moditurranvan Ili(] Nordic types
Religion: 99'1 Homan Catholic, I'?(' other sects
Language: Castilian Spanish spoken by groat
majority: but I7'1 speak Catalan. 7i Galician. and
2?r Bastille
Literacy: about 90o7r
Labor force (1973): 12 7 million; 25'" ugricnltnn',
:i(i'7 industry, P) sa?ryicrs: n'gistenvi unl'n111111vmnrnl
is 2.1', ill luhnr fo11r, in Irnlilc abmit -III
Organized labor: 90" of Libor force in conlllnlsnrv
tall\'1'I II I111'III -l'1lllt 111111'(1 s\Ildlc'atl's
GOVIsIINMI?N'1'
Legal name: ('I'll( Sp:muislu State
Type: nominally it minlarcllt. Intl without n hint;;
acluulfy an ulltboril Irian mt'gilur under (:rnrralissinlo
Franco shall Prince Juan (:arlos design:llcd In succeed
bile ;IN rllit'I of stale :mini hecottn' kiln:
(;a pi tit l: \1 udrid
Political subdivisions: nmlrnpolil:ul Spin,
iI('Inding tine (::mlaries anti li:drarics, cliyided into ,iti
provinces \\ith governor :Ippointc(I Irv aft crntral
govtnlmrmt: also I province and 5 pliers of
soyertig11ly (pr'sidios) in Africa; Ifni province ceded
1),% Spain to Morocco in Jlee 19(i9: 2 former pi-minces
comprising I':Ilu:ltorial (:mind \tnrr' granted
imdepcndenuc in Octnlmr 19(35
Legal system: civil lust ststrnl, with regional
applic:ltinns of c11sto111:1ry l:\%: 7 basic lists including
Organic bast of the Slate of i;mu:ln 19(37 scree as a
constitution: legal edme:llion al 1 1 sehnmis of lmw: does
not acccpl (nnlpulsury I( :J jurisdiction
Branches: txccmlivt, seilh chic( of go\crlunnnl
donlinaling :Ill hrancbrs of gnvtmmient through his
appointive posters and authority to Icgislale by
decree: legislative Stith Ilnin:Ilncrul (:ortesdominated
by tsecutivt: judicial, imdnpende11t in principle hilt
generally limited to interpretation of lasts
Government leaders: (:entr:llissitint I"r:utcisco
Fr:uicn - (thief of State, Commander in (:hint of the
arnu?d farces, and head (If the National \lovenlcnt
(formerly called Ibv F:ILuuge), (;inns Arias Navarro),
Prinln Minister
Suffrage: uniw'rs:d ill tlatiolial referendums. aver
age 21
Elections: only Itro types ;If curvet elcc'tion other
than refcrtndlnn Ittnvi(lel.i: repn?sentatives to
municipal councils for \thicll only heads of
boustholds tole (latest election \oye11lfl('r I973) and,
under n(,\\ conslitntiomil la\\ of 1967. 1(1.1 nu'nliars of
the Cortes (lentt(I by heads of households and married
women for :1 ?1-year term (last election Stptetllhrr
1971)
Political parties and leaders: National \tnvemcnt
only legally mcognized party. headed by Franco.
Fernando I lnrrero I't;edor, minister-secretary general;
political associations authorzed in January 1975:
various senlicland(sline opposition groups inc?Iucit -
Christian I)t'tnocratic factions under Jose Maria (ail
Robles and Joaquin Ruiz (:inlem'7: time Socialists
include the Spanish Socialist \\'orkvrs Party (PSOE).
Approved For Release 2002/07/03 : CIA-RDP86T00608R000600100003-3
 Approved For Release 2002/07/03 : CIA-RDP86T00608R000600100003-3
July 1975
It'd Irv "Young 'l'urk" Felipe (oruialcz, II:c I'opulur
Socialist Party under I?nri(luc'I'icroo (:alv:uu, and the
small rmw' Sp:utish Social I)voiocralic Union; lira
Ait it chis(s; He pul)Ij('aIIs ; Monarchists; snooper
regional and national splinter groups; the Spanish
Communist forty, whose scervtarv general, Santiago
(:arrillo Solares, is in exile, its well us it small dissident
pro-Soviet faction led by exiled l':nritluu Lister Forjan;
and soot(- srmtll pro-(;hincsc Communist groups
which appear and (Iis:tptmar under varying Humes
Voting strength: 5b1 seals, but sono'whal fewer
rncntbers IS some hold more than one seal - 19"1
representing the family etched directly; I,Sr
representing municipalities, syndicates, :mll prufes-
'i,ms cleclcd indirectly under (-lust, reginu' control;
and 3(i"; are appointed by regimo or are ex officio
Communists: (inside and oulsj(le Spain, est. ) 5,000;
sympulhizers up to 20,0(8)
Other political or pressure groups: the state-
controlled organization of syndicates. comprising
rcprescnt:tlivcs of ntanagcuo'nl :u-d labor, an illegal
labor group (-:filed the Workers' Commissions, tit(
(;atholic Chore!,, business :tn(I land owning interests,
Opus I)ei, Catholic Action, university students
Member of: I'AO, IAI?rl, 113131), ICAO, II?rl, 1 1,01,
11113. IMF, ITU, OI{CI), Seabeds Comrnillcc, U.N.,
UNI'SCO, UI'U, WIIO, WMO
ECONOMY
GNP $72.8 billion est. (197.1): $2,070 per capita;
65.4"o consumption, 23.5fb investment, 11.1";
government 1973; real growth rate 5"; ( 197.1)
Agriculture: main crops - cereals, orange , grapes
for wine, pat ttors. olives, sugar beets; virtually self-
sufficient in good crop years; caloric intake, 2,750
calories per ;lay per capita (1969-70)
Fishing: landed 8.50,578 metric tons valued at
$458.1 million in 1973
Major industries: food processing, textiles and
apparel (including footwear), metal manufacturing,
chemicals, shipbuilding, automobiles
Shortages: crude petroleum
Crude steel: 11.5 million metric tons produced
(1974), 330 kilogram,, per capita
Electric power: 24,933,(8)0 kw. capacity (137.0;
80.8 billion kw.-hr. produced (1974), 2,050 kw.-Irr. per
capita
Exports: $7,091 million (f.o.b., 1974); principal
items - oranges and other fruits, iron and steel
products, textiles, wines, mercury, ships, canned fruits,
vegetables
Imports: $15,428 million (c.i.f., 1974); principal
items - machinery and transportation equipment,
petroleum art(] petroleum products, grains, cotton,
iron and steel
Major trade partners: (197.1) I-:(: (2";, U.S. and
(::uuulu Ii"i, Latin America 8";?, (;I,:MA 21,'i,
Aid: economic - U.S., $2.3 billiuo aothorized
(1-1'4(i-73), I1(1(I), $427 million authorized
$50,0 million uulhorize(I (1'1'73); ntililorv - U.S_
$839 million authorized (11'53-73)
Budget: ( 197.1) receipts 506 billion pvselas,
uxpeoditnres 5.12 billion p,'sctas, deficit Iti billion
pesclas
Monetary conversion rate: I peseta = I IS$0.01773
(197.1 average)
Fiscal year: calendar vicar
COMMUNICATIONS
Railroads: 10,18.1 mi.; 8,37.1 mi.; (5'6" gage), 2,1 10
mi. other gages (('8 /:" to I'l I ''H"), 1,346 mi., double
track; 2.368 mi. electrified
highways: 86,600 mi.; national - 35,175 mi.
bituminous treatment, 9,10(1 nri. crushed stoat,, ?1,225
?ni. bituminous, stone block and cvmcrete, tmrvinci:d--
18,2(8) rti. btturninous treatment, 18,?1(8) mi. crushed
stone, I,2(() mi. bitominrnrs, cun(rele, and stunt, block
Inland 'waterways: ;about 65(1 mi.; of minor
importance its transport arteries and contribute little
to ec'onurnv
Pipelines: crude oil, 2.10 tai.; refined products, 6(8)
mi.; natural gas, 100111i.
Ports: 23 major, 20 minor
Civil air: 186 major transport aircraft (including I
registered but leased from it foreign country)
Airfields (including Balearic and Canary
Islands): 113 total, 8.1 usable; -17 with permancnt-
surface runways; ?1 with runways over 12,000 It., 17
with runways 8,000-1 1,999 ft., 3,5 with runw:avs'1,000-
7,999 ft.; :i s(?apl:mc stations
Telecommunications: generally adequate, modern
facilities; 7.04 million telephones; 8.5 million radio
and (i.O rnilliuot television receivers; 170 AM. 2301' M,
and 681 '1'Y stations; 7 coaxial submarine cables; 4
communication satellite ground stations
DEFENSE FORCES
Military manpower: males 15-19, 8,620,000;
6,631,0(8) fit for military service; 280,000 reach
m,litary age (20) annually
Military budget: for fiscal year ending 31
December 1975, $2,884 million; about 2657i, of central
government budget
SPANISH SAHARA
LAND
l0.3,000 sq. mi., nearly all desert
Land boundaries: 1,296 mi.
Approved For Release 2002/07/03 : CIA-RDP86T00608R000600100003-3
 Approved For Release 2002/07/03 : CIA-RDP86T00608R000600100003-3
1 SPAIN
f
Atlantic Ocean
L
! Monocc
J
CANARY
ISLANDS
WATER
Limits of territorial waters (claimed): 9 n. mi.
(fishing, 12 n, mini.)
Coastline: 690 Ini,
PEOPLE
Population: 70,000 (estimaty for 1971)
Nationality: noun.-Spanish Saharan(s); adjec-
tive-Spanish Saharan
Ethnic divisions: 7I.5'7 Arab, Herber, and Negro
nomads: 28.3`7 Spanish
Religion: 72SF Muslim, 28fi Catholic
Language: Spanish (official), local Arabic or
Ilassania
Literacy: among Spanish, probably nearly I(N)i
a morng Ilmnads, parllaps ; )'
Labor force: 12,000; 50'o agriculture. 5(1`.7 other
Organized labor: none
GOVERNMENT
Legal name: Province of Sahara
Type: province of Spain, subordinate to Ministry of
the Presidency; Spain has subrnitte(I issue of self-
determination to IC:J for ruling, expected in
September 1975
Capital: EI Aaiun
Political subdivisions: two regions - Hio de Oro
and Saguia el flarnra
Legal system: based on Spanish cisil lane system
and customary law
Branches: Governor General, responsible to
Directorate General of the Promotion of the Sahara
(a division of the Ministry of the Presidency),
administers; General Assembly, corn posed of 45 tribal
chiefs and 40 representatives, can submit proposals to
Spanish government
Government leader: Governor General (Geri.)
Federico Gomez de Salazar y Nieto
Suffrage: heads of families only
Elections: 40 nuvnhers of General Asselllidv,
Februarv 1973; 2 depulies to Spanish (tortes,
November 1971
Political party: National Movement
Communists: party proscrihed; (:nuununisl
sympathizers, few (if any)
Other political or pressure groups: various small
"I,iheraliun Movrnnents.
ECONOMY
Agriculture: practically nuns; snnne larrley is grown
in noodrought )'ears; fruit and vegelahles in the few
oases; food imports are rssrnlial; camels, sheep, ;(nd
goats are kept by the mmna(lic natives: cash econunnv
exists largely for the garrison forces
Major industries: confined to fishing and
handicrafts; exploitation of huge phosphate deposit is
planned
Shortages: water
Electric power: 3,45)) kw. capacity (!974): 5.4
million: kw.-hr, produced (197.1), 110 kw. hr. pi ,r
capita
Exports: $1-15,600 (1968): dried fish, goatskins.
Imports: $1,4.13,000 (1968): fuel for fishing fleet,
fon(Ist tiffs
Major trade partners: monetary trade largely with
Spain and Spanish possessions
Aid: small amounts from Spain
Monetary conversion rate: 55.03 pesetas=USS1
(official), set Febna ry 1973
COMMUNICATIONS
Railroads: none
Highways: ,3,790 mi.; 305 mini. bituminous treated,
3,485 nti. Intimprove(I earth roads and tracks
Ports: 2 major (El Aaiun, Villa Cisneros), 2 minor
Civil air: no major transport aircraft
Airfields: 17 total, 17 usable; 3 with permanent-
surface runways; 5 with runways ?1,000-7,999 ft.
Telecommunications: telephone and telegraph
poor; (i00 telephones; I(i,OO0 radio receivers; I AM,
no FM or TV stations
DEFENSE FORCES
Military manpower: males 15-49, 16,(x8); 8,0(x) fit
for military service
SRI LANKA
(formerly Ceylon)
LAND
25,300 sq. mi.; 25% cultivated; 4.1 '.. forested; 31 ?
waste, urban, and other
Approved For Release 2002/07/03 : CIA-RDP86T00608R000600100003-3
 Approved For Release 2002/07/03 : CIA-RDP86T00608R000600100003-3
July 11075
IYIIMA
t, r
WATER
Limits of territorial waters (elainicd): 12 n. rni
(fishing, 12 it rni. plus pearling, in the Gulf III
\lannar, and right to islahlisli IIX) it. rni conservation
zone)
Coastline: 8:1.; iii.
PEOPLE
Population: I3,7(i30N), average annual groMh
rate I.9',1 (7/70-7/73)
Nationality: noun-Ccylonv%c (sing,. and III.);
adjective-Gcvloncsc
Ethnic divisions: 71 ''i Sinhalv%v, 21 'i 'I'arnil, (i"i
Moor, 2"i other
Religion: (i-It'; Briddhist, 211"i Ninths. 4i
Christian, (i"i Muslim, I'i other
Language: Sinhala official, spoken by about 70"i
of population; 'T'amil spoken by about 22"1; Doggish
cornnatnly used in givirnmcnt and spoken Iry about
I0"i of the population
Literacy: 82'7 (1970 est. )
Labor force: -I million; 17?7 unemployed,
employed persons - 53.?) i agriculture, I4.8?7 mitring
and m:unrfacturing, 12.4`7 trade and transport. :9.4Si
services and other
Organized labor: 43'7 of labor force, over 5017 of
which rniployrd on tea, rubber, and ci.conut estates
GOVERNMENT
Legal name: Republic of Sri Lanka
Type: independent state since 19.18
Capital: Colornbo
Political subdivisions: 9 provinces, 22 administra-
live districts, and four catego;ies of semiautonomous
elected local govcrruncnts
Legal system: a highly complex mixture of Engl(sh
common law, Rornan-Dutch, Muslim and customarv
law; new constitution 22 May 1972; no judicial
review of legislative acts; legal education at Sri Lanka
bass (: tllc);e,uul 1'nivcrsits of Sri I.:utka, I'cradenisa,
has not nerrpled Iontpnl'oIN 1(:J !lit iNdid it III
Ilranches: unitary padianivnt:uv Iona III guscrt
nturtl; unicamerd Icgislnlun and indr pcndrnt
udiciun
Government leader: I'rinm Minirer Sinrn,tvo
lailduanaikc
Suffrage: universal over age 18, Intl must Indian
l'imits, sshn comprise II)'i', ui population. it, hut
crifrimclrtscd
Elections: n:rliuflv; clectiuns, nnlinnrils hull rscrs
li years; nnrsl Ire octet rtufle ImcluentIs if gnsurtuncnt
hoes confidence vole; last clcclinn held '.l ay 1970,
hurl flew comtilolion postpones (Icadliflc for ncsl
ch-ction until \1:,v 1977
I'nlitical parties and leaders: Sri I.aiiLi Freedom
fails, Sirimavo ltalssaltc I)i:cs Ilandaranaikc,
I'rtsitlcnl; Lanka Sirius Samaja l'arts ('I?rotsksitv), N.
M. I'ercra, I're'idcnl; 'T'amil United Front, S. J 's
(:hcls:uuisakarn, leader; United National I'arty, J. H.
Jayewardenc; ( :urnnninist ('arty/Moscow, I'ieter
Kc,nnvnan, General Sucrctars; Communist farts/
('eking, N. Shammigalhas:tn, Gcncurl Sccrelan:
Mahajana I ksath I'cranunur (I'cuplr's gaited Front).
M. It, liatnasaka, I'residcnt
Voting strength (1970 election): :17'i Sri Lanka
Freedom ('arty, 38"1 t'11 iIrd National ('arty, 9'f
I,;utka Sama Samaja Party, 3.5'i Conununkt
I'arty/Muscnss, 5''i Federal I'arty, minor parties amt
indcpenlicnts ac?c?ountcd 'r mrnaindcr
Communists: aptnoximately I1)9,001) voted for the
Communist ('arty in lilt- May 1970 general election;
Cumntunisi Party/Moscow approciniatciy 5,0(X)
ineriihcrs (197 5), Coininunisl P: ily;'I'cking I,O(li)
rnenthers ( 1971 est.
Other political or pressure groups: Ilulhlltist
clergy, Sinhalese Buddhist lay groups; far-left violent
revolutionary groups; labor unions
Member of: AD6. Colombo I'Iae, Commonwealth,
FAO, IAI:A, 16131), ICAO, IDA, II'(:, ILO. IMCO,
IMF, I'I'U, Seabeds Conunittc:', U.N., t'NI?SCO,
UI'U, W1'IIO, WMO
ECONOMY
GNP: $2.1 billion in 1973 (1972 prices), $160 per
capita; real growth rate 3.5"i? (1973)
Agriculture: agriculture accounts for about 35'i of
GNP; rttain crops - rice, rubber. tea, coconuts; 60"7
self-sufficient in food; food shortages - rice. wheat,
sugar, fish
Fishing: catch 94,(X8) metric tons; exports $2.6
million, imports $7.8 million (1973)
Major industries: processing of rubber, tea, and
other agricultural cornrnodities; consummer goods
manufacture
Approved For Release 2002/07/03 : CIA-RDP86T00608R000600100003-3
 Approved For Release 2002/07/03 : CIA-RDP86T00608R000600100003-3
Jrrly 197'
1?lr,'lric power: 1"',(NN) kss rinherits (ill"; H. I :!
I i i l l l u n kss Ill lor'docrd ( 1117 I ). HH kss lit per capita
Exports: $"ill; ntiflluo (I n Ii , 11)71), tea, ratifier.
curomll proilnrt?.
'ntIN-rts: $Ii8:3 million (r I I , It)71iu1i'Iiinrrv aril
riluflrno nl, Vlgir, flnmr, the. ti?sld,'.. aril'lulhintt
Major trade- partnersi ( 11173) isputls I' K
I I (;ulna !1 1' I'aklstan 8 2 , 11 S li il'. ,
1 1 5 5 It V i . lmpotts 11 K 1, 8'i , (hboil 7 8', ,
Inr11a ;3 11 S 1) 11'';, 11 S S It 17'.
Monetary cis-version rate: Ii 7 1 opens --1 5$ I
(r(f,'cliw I)eci?nibrr 11171)
Fiscal year: I Janu.i v
11)7:1)
COMMIINI(:A'1'LONS
Railroads: 1) 38 nit ; H.)I rni 51i" gage, 87 rni 2'6"
`:ye; (il rni doohle back; no iI,'clrilicatiun,
).'rvernnu?nt uwnrd
Highways: 25,5811 mi ; 11.7(X) nil prised (rnuslls
bituminous Irvat,'d). II.54)1) mi crush(:1 stone or
gravel. 5:30 rni tnyvovrd ,'arth. 1.8:x4 nri unimproved
earth; in addition several thousand mi of tricks,
mostly unmotor:rhle
Inland waterways: 27(1 mi.; navigable by shallosy-
draft craft
Ports: 3 major, 1) minor
Civil air: 5 major Iranspiirt (im-ludin), I leased)
Airfields: 1.1 total, I I usable; IU scilh pi-mmovnt-
surfac?,' runwas; I with runway 8,(XX)-II,999 It,, 6
with runways .I,(NM--7,999 ft.; I seaplane station
Telecommunications: an inadequate IvIepbotiv
and it toss extensive but more efficient telegraph
systern serves roust areas, with greatest concentration
:round Colombo and Kandy; all areas are s,'rvrd by
radio and/or wire broadcast; excellent international
service; 67,753 (est. ) telephones; 525,1MM) radio sets, nn
TV sets: 8 A?A stations, 2 FM, and no TV stations;
submarine cables cxtr?Ir(I Ur India, Malaysia, Sr?ych(lli
Islan(s, and Allen; I ground satellite station
DEFENSE: FORCES
Military manpower: males 15-?19, 3,2-13,(NN);
2,4260N) fit for military service; I530N) reach
military age (18) annually
Military budget: for fiscal year ending 31
I)eccnnber 1975, $39 million, 8.6'7 of total budget
LAND
967,000) sq. mi.; 37'% arable (39k cultivated), 15'7
grazing, 33 0 desert. waste. or urban, 15%, forest
Land boundaries: 4,%5() mi.
M h.nnum ~
SUDAN
WA'1'1?;R
limits of territorial waters (clahncd): 12 it iii
(plus (i n nti "nrrrss;us snprrsisiun Lune' )
Coastline: '510 nii
Population: I7.758,(NN), usrt;wc ittimi' russIii
rat,' 2 S'; (7173.7 /71)
Nationality: roomSud:rnrsr (sing at
adjective--Suil:ru?cr?
Ethnic divisions: :19'i Arab, fill' Bela. 52'i Negro,
2'i foleignrrs, I'i other
Religion- 73`i Sunni 'ytusliois in north, 23'i
pagan. V; Christian (naiads it, south)
Language: Arabic, Nubian. 'Ia l3edassie. div,'rse
dialects of Nilotic, Nilo-Ilainittc, and Sud:uttc
languages, I';nglish: progr:mn of Arabization in proce%s
Literacy: 5'; to I))';
Labor force: 5 8 million; M5 agriculture. 15'i
industry, cununercr, sirsic,'s, rte; labor shortages
exist for almost all categories of ertipliix' ilir?tit
GOVERNMENT
Legal name: I)rntocratic Republic of the Sudan
Type: republic miller military control since (ruip in
Mis? 1969
Capital: Khastount
Political subdivisions: IS provinces, provincial and
local administrations controlled by central govern-
ment; limited regional autonomy in 3 southern
provinces
Legal system: based on English common law and
Islamic law; some separate religious courts;
permanent constitution promulgated April 1973;
Revolutionary Ccnun:rnl Council established in 1969
disrolved in October 1971 with the installation
stallatiun of Ja?far al-Numayri as president and chief
ex.rutive; Nurnavri has reorganized government
through a series of Republican decrees; legal
Approved For Release 2002/07/03 : CIA-RDP86T00608R000600100003-3
 Approved For Release 2002/07/03 : CIA-RDP86T00608R000600100003-3
July Itt7;
I I i u i A l i . r r il l I'IIi I II% 111 I I,.1ii non nn11 kIi.ect 11fi1
r.lru?.i,111 ill ( iii l I'ni., r??its al I.Il.41llufiu :1111111'.
14111111111 'kiln It J jlni?.Ilil lilln. \stlfl rl''.l'r.:ltt111i'.
(.uvrrnmwll Iradrr. 1'41'.;drill null I'ri111, \lint?.11 r
la hr :i1 N11111;1\ II
Solfragri smite v.al a,Inll
EIrclionst till.! rlI Pill I1,itIo,IttlliiI.if% rlr11i, n: In III
In April II111,4. Itir.Idrnlial !prix-., it,- held it
tit pll?rllllrr III; I, 1111 (ton'. lit 1 1111,10111 fit
IIrIII II I }rt11r111br1 Ol Inllrt 111": , rlrl blur!. Ins
%I111011.1 it rr1 initial ;I'.'.rIIlIII% III-III in Nu dill.! 111, 1
rIt l Iuu11?. (fir Prolific ', A..rnlbis llrlll \1.1s 111" I
Political parlirs and Iraclrrst all Ilarll.nnl'nl;u%
1i1)iltii .11 I)altll'. Ilntl;INrd .t fir 1? \I,1% IIIyl11, III,' Ilan 1111
lilt- Sllll;lll I llltlllllltli.l P.10 x %% :I', 1111: 1'1111111 rd 1111111
allr'r nIlnrlitr runp in Jnls I!) I, Jill I;usrnrrnl'111 .
Itlas. pllllltral organ!/.Ili41n, Illy Sfil':In tinl iaio
;moll, %%,l. 11,11111-41 ill
(:onunmtisls: palls 41r1 1111.1trd fllllllultn-' J111s 111; 1
11)1111 :Ind rtnullrr mull, %#,% f-1.11 1411) It allvl% Ill lullint,
Iwo-r I , I , I i s (rnl'r:1I \ t , I I l j l t l l I t al 111.11 11.I II I rnlr
Jill, Itlll('r.lllll III)%% it 111 111\s co 1)111 tit 111 % 1'.1r.. 11.111
1tlllt rill 4111'1 1.1 114 if Illliu ll., III h's.i1111.1I t:r 41!?1)\ trip
Illli.l?i it .tlldrlll 1!111111)'. /'11111'll. (:I It II III IIIIL I. i11n'(1'll
(runt gosrnilnrnl. ft1tt i. Drina: rr41tt:,Iniirll
undrrI rnunll nndrt l1?:111rr.hip of 4r( lrlars (:rills)
\11111:ufinu11l Nojnd. 1545) (:I' lilt-111111.1%
Other political or pres%ure grutlps: \I ohro
Ib itllorholld, Ar.ar \tu.ltfil kill, it 11(Ilh %%till Ilir
nlililan mgintr' .afire Iho %1.1% 4.11111). ill
ft{!Iltinv in Spring 1970, Sudan O)1)u.ilinn Fnn11,
cPnlp41.rd of Ion11rr 1)411ittc.11 11.10h rll?11n'nt. and rlthrr
di.gruntled cmi%vf% ltivr interi.ts, oprr.llr. to rxilr
Member of: AFI)I3, Arab League. IAFA, 11)111).
If AO. II)A, IF(:, II,O, I!stt'', I'I?II. OAti, Srabrll.
Cnmrnittrr, U N ('1'1'. N'\t(
ECONOMY
(:DP: $I 6 Million (I'172). ilnder $111111)rr capita,
S': gro..th at current prier. 1968 fill
Agriculture: nwin rrnp. -- mors!hmn Inflict.
.r.:unr, pvartnt., hilt; . barlvs, not .rif-.ulliririii ail
food 1)rodut'linn: 111.1111 r:1.11 crap. - lotion, gnnl
:Irabic
Major industries, cotton ginning. trstjlr., brrssrrs,
cinu?nt. rdihle (il., .rap, rli.lilling. .hogs, phar-
nlace11ticals
Electric power: 533,(NN) k s calacits (1971). 655
million kss..hr. produced ( 197.1), :17 kss.-hr. per capita
Exports: $131 million (Ian b., 1117:31, cotton (.>fi': ).
grunt aratic, peanut.. ses.unv. $I02 million exports to
Cfimnnutist uounlrirs (FY 7 I )
Imports: 5.136 million (c i f , 197:3), textile..
petroleum products, vehicles, tea, wheat; $75 million
imports front Communist countries (F')'711
Major trade partners: t' K.. Vest German. Italy.
India, U.S.S.R., Chiral
~`Ionrlarx rnnsrrsinn ralr I `uulaol Iuanlnll --
I'~T.'!r; 11111111.111 (I 11'1 Ild.lI11 1u.1t1111-( '.TI
1?isra) star, I full In Jfin1
(OMMIINICA I IONS
Ilailr/lall\; I III" Jill 11'.1 fir l'(?' ynt?1 11"r rill
y.1r?l I?I.lt laltlul liar
Ilighwa%s n."l'lll fill I'll! Jill I'llllfiltrl11u?. It, 11x11
11511 fill I rn?.ilrll .Infix Ill g1,1sr1 4141! 'i 11411 tilt
1111111111 I.if fill Illll x11111 U\I'll I';I llh 111,111'?, III .111111111411.
tltrrr ate ill urnlrlrrnlulrof nu11uLrr 111 Ira1 k'.
Inland walr-ssassl '1 1111) till na. li.lblr
l'orlsl I 111,1jnr 11'ort "1141,111 1. " nunnr
Civil air: ; 111.1)111 tl.lll??1141rl .1014 1.111
AirlirIuf Sir Illlal. il l u.:1111x, n ..,ill prtnl.uu ill
.ur1arr r11n.s.1s., ., %lltll nfilua.. S.INNI 11.111111 It l41
ssilh nnnsas. 1,1NN1 7,111111 If
'1'rlrcornnuuticaliuns: I.ugl .s.lrnl his Ali(lo
.tllod.lrll., lull ill 11.111?Is .IIII?Ilfi,tll? fill .1/1? III I Ilfiolls .
Iun.t.1. If nllrtl .ctrl' hill., ladnl tI l is link..
il 111111111 n/lurl 1)t 1 ,1IIII'., Ltd 111Pn111111I lrl11'.1114111 .Llllllti.
and .1 (ll11111t11h 1'I II' "I,It tl'r Ittlk, 111111(ill,ll 1'I'till?1
Iii 1ltnunl. .ornnd.lt% rrnlor. AI I .rshtr and hill
141!!:41!, >rl,tt )11 Ir1rph41tlr., 6-0.0(9) r,nllu and 62.5f)(1
'I\' trrrisri.; :'. A\1, till F\I, ,Intl I 1%,
.1a1141n.. ,~
.ilbnl.Inn1? 1-abir.
DEFENSE,, FORCES
Military manpower: inalx. 15 141,
:1,!1,4 .IN111,
',361,019) lit lilt nuhtan .rnlrr, asralgr nntnhrr
rr:lriltng rllthlan 1g1' t 141 annfialls, 1 711,(NNI
Military budget: lilt li.c.ll scar rndtnl; :111 Juno
197:1, $11:15 Inilhnn, 20 S'; if tfitol hnlll;ol
LAND
55,10(1 ill nti.: negligible amount of arable land,
rneadosss and pastures, 76", forest, Mee 111111%ed bolt
Approved For Release 2002/07/03 : CIA-RDP86T00608R000600100003-3
 Approved For Release 2002/07/03 : CIA-RDP86T00608R000600100003-3
It'd, 111i:Illt lit, ,III, tit,. I11', I IIIII 1111 lo:1
.11,, I ,II IIf I
WA 11';11
l.holla of Irrriluria) waters Iclairrlydl+ I is flit
;ojggfitlillorl .' 10 flit
I'opulhlloll: 11 ?i INN)
::l' , I I III I
'Nalionalily: noon
tinnn.Inl
I:Ihnic disisiuns: 15 'I', (:n 1111 I Nrt'nI ;unl'usrd I.
{17'; 111ndu-I.uli II?::10 Imlr?rnl. II'I', I,?s:u'?'.
h `,'; Itnsh Nrenl ' ;", .\gi'?nndl:ua. I I4'', (hinr?.,?.
1 :1', I.urolic.111s. I ?1', 'flirt and nnkn'stn
I(rligion+ \Irtthnl, Ilnldu. \1'r.1% 1.11I, I{urn.nl
(:?Illit 11it , hut )u n(lt-r if %I/,-
11111, ) uric
114'%%' I
I.anguagr: I )u1/II olio :.II. I :n1'hsh tt idyls slrukrn.
1.1ki 'IaIN i i 'u1111.uu (:tr'II- Is naln, lant!11.1 f? if
rr'Irs Intl II')'11,1 11,1'1,1. Ili 1411. j.u .1111?,(-
1.iterat?)?: 7()'; (u 7.4'';
Labor force: I ($1,0111) 111)7I
Organized labor: alyrros :).1', 11 I.111'I 1'r1 r?
GOVERNMENT
Legal name: Sutra'(.
Type: trriiturt %%ilhin Ku1-'clu,n'f the N, IhrrLuul..
rnjusi't' r'nll,Irlr tl'Im?SIo. .nltunnnn. hill rr(.ris4'
t'mplrte indiIrr?nde'er? in N'vrnlhrr 1975
Capital: I':?r.lnt:uihn
Political subdivisions. It dislri(.ts, 1.1111 hratlyd ht
district c'nunissi'nrr r4'.p'nsihle t' Minister if
Inlrrn?fl Aff.tirs
Legal systems: I)ult'h civil (.ass ss.lrtn. (.411111tH
scat ate of 1955 ,rises at c4~mtit iti'n
Branches: (:om?il of \Unict, '. hradrd hs a
\linistrr-l'r,rsitlrrtt, st hiuh (.unstilnlrs the (:.ahinrl; :3!1-
giu?t'hrr Irgiciative tuuncil (Staten) I opolarh rlech?tl
for ?1-tear trrgil; (.mot csctrm adrninislrrrcl b%
Allornct -(:rgirral under \linisler'f Jutlirr:uul look,',
Government leader: \fitittt?r-1'msirlrnt, Ilendrick
A E. Arran
Suffrage: 11111vrrsal uvrr ag, 2.3
Elections: (-%t-r% 1 years or varlirr upon rrtlurtt of
\Iinittrr?I'rrsidrnt; hllrst hrld Nmrmhrr 1973 %son
hs Nali'nal Part% (:nmhin:atimi (NI'K), a c?rrnly-
hasrcl election c?ualitiun in which tilt- National I'.art%
of Surinam (NPS) is the Iargrct party
Political parties and leaders: National I'urh' of
Surinam (NI'S), Ifendrick A. E. Arran; Nationalist
Republic Party (I'NIt). Edward Brunla (principal
leftist party); Unitrd Ilind11stani Party (VIII'). J.
:I1 hlnrrll. I'IO1!1r?.?.itr' N.IU?'I:II I':ult t'NPI 11:101 I
..ell. tiurtn.atn I), gin? L li, 1'.tllt '.I11'I 11 I 1
Ilo?.t1nul;. 1 nitrd In,lun, ,1:111 1',,rlrl, ?. I':11tt ',IiI
h 111?.'11 i,lij,ljn. I:It 'IO,?.r I alll u: l?? l'nrlt Ili II'I! II I
`, u'lllila, 1 rlitrd i'r'I des I'.1flt \ \ VI If of I'%
II'lil' :II m ( hint's' Inl?.in,????.nn n
Vnling %Irrnglh 11117:11: NI'h ;';' ?.1:11 1 oil' Ini
Cool nunisla: n? ,tuft 1 '''m'itt I',Iflt I'NI' 11.1,
?.'Inr 1 ''i11IIItlllitl ?.t II11ra 111Vr1t
Mrnabrr oft I It (:,cc .. half'). \\'I I( )
ECONOMl
(.NP: S 111.-, Irtllh'11 I loll: I. ?' 111 lit r I .Ilnl.?, rr:d
1l l,rtt 111 1,114' 1417.1. ",
Agriculture: luau, I mfrs nt r, "Y.,uI :ulr?.
h:ul,nl:c., sill sul111 if-lit ill tn.n'r ?.I.?lrlr 1 fit I',, I
mlakr 2,;),41 I114''1?. pf-I ,l.lt Irrr ,,Ilut.t I I1I1,h1
Major industries: IL1mill, 11'flint'. ,Poona .1 lid
. 1l'mlrl nnl 11(1111111 11'11. I11111114.11111'. 111?41 11"1 4'\??I llt?
Elrrlric power: 22,701,441 kst r,Ilr,' If% 11'1721. 1 .,
Million IN 'A hr IrrlIf Iurrd 19721. 3.7(11) ktt hr Irrr
1,11'1.1
Exports: S.'_;11 Inilll'n I' If ? PIT 11. I,rtRllr.
.11'nlhla, ,dnlnin'nI, ttu?tl ,Intl 11"11 Irr'd111It, r' I?
Imports: S20(I nnlh'n if I I . 1!)711. 1,11'1.11
rPInil'nrrtl. IIu?trofrum. "4'I I'll sled, (.'ll'n? fl'nr,
me.11. lairs Irnrd'(.t
Major trade partners: I's) Tuts 1' S {'1',
(:.uaada 2', . Nrlh4'rlaids I I', . ngilr'tt?. I' S 11 Nrthi-thn(s 22'; . 1?:urolrr IS'; 1!)711
Aid: rcun'giaic 4'Strrlsilrns from 1' S II''t..) 7:11.
Si (I nliliiuu $ 1 h million )'r.lnrs, Ir'111
inhrnatingi,Ii urg,uai/aliugit (1'1 39.7:31. 317 1 mill'(.
Monetary conversion rate: 17)) Surou t it gullllrl,
IS If I- t'SSI (27 Deceinhrr 1197 1 )
Fiscal year: calendar scar
COMMUNICATION'S
Railroads: 11)1 mi ..r) Iii 11:31," Kat r 11 m1'11'1 nt
ossnrdl and !!; gill 'amts, gag.' Iindusln.Il Ini?.!. all
sin0v trade
nli , 3(11) Ini pistil, 1:3(1 mi
1'ra%v!.:17)) urn;trus^d r.Irth, 7:,!I off ununprusrd
earth
Inland waterways: 2.5.111 nri , most 'nlnlrtant
thralls of trampurt, 'eeant''int; cr?ssrls "fill dr.111%
ranging from I 1 (u 23 It ran nasit;.Ite 111.11ls 'f the
(.principal stalrrss.lss sshih? oaks, co'up's nasil'.Itr
uP1It'r rrachr.
Ports: I major I I'aramarilx,I. 6 na9nl,r
Civil air: I major tran.fttut aircraft
Airfields: 30 total, 29 usahlr, 2 ssith Ia'rtnanrgit-
turfact? runss:ays; I with runssav M,IXNl-l 1.991) It - -1
with runsa%. % $,(1111)-7,999 It I sc'uplunr station
Approved For Release 2002/07/03 : CIA-RDP86T00608R000600100003-3
 Approved For Release 2002/07/03 : CIA-RDP86T00608R000600100003-3
1tlrr nmrnonicufil11111 11 11, 111. 11too IIal I, of 11141 y1,1,11
dnll11".II I.I,J oil Irl.1\ ?.\?.I, In I.'',1111 I,'11 If of 1,
III'LINNI I,n1i,r .11111 I I INN) I \ 1, , i\, ,. l \\I I I 1
Aunt l I \ ?.1.11iun.
I I Ii;\S)? I.OI1('I,S
MIIflurv manpntsrr: 111,011 ?. I 111 I Ii (NNI ',I (NMI
(11 I'll 1n1111.1n "1111, ,
I.ANI)
Ii,i1N1 \,I Jill Inu\1 n( ,11ea v11t.11r11? flit cngn or
JP.nturcl.JnPl
land INrtmdaries: 2,11 Jill
PI?:OPLF:
Population: 141,INN1, u\cr.rt;c annu.,l t'ro\tth f.111-
3 2' (corrent)
Nationality: noun .llllcctnc -~IS,1n
Ethnic divisions: !Ni', ?\tric.ul.:1', 1?:urpc.11J, I
n1111u11o
Iteligion: I1', amoral. 'ii', (hntli.ln
language: I% It ,,fill ,%% I I I ,rrc ufhcl.tl
1?ulgu;Igcs. go\emment hmjncss cnn(llnic,l in 1;1101sh
Literacy:., bout 2:,'
Labor force: I2.I)0INN), uhoul Ii11,INN1 cng.lged in
'111)%k cnce :1t;riculture. - 1 5 \s;1ge earners, nlan\
only intcrnlittcnll\, still, :II'; ;,pricullurc, II'i
gnsrnunent. I1''i rnanuluinring. 12'1 mining ;Hill
forpslrs, a:r'i other ( IINiM cst I. 7.9(9) viiiplowd tit
South African mines (ISNi4)
Organized labor: al:1.,a 1.5" of \\;tgr earners ore
uninnired
GOVERNMENT
legal name: Kingdnnu of S\s:tiilant!
Ivpr; ht 41fii, r hint ?LI?v,i I1.
1114 1. p, roll, 111 err, intro r ?I 1 ?fir nr?ri?r;rll lr 111,
1- 1111 loll, I 'I
11 upital: \11,.11,.uu ulnunl?Ir.11i\, 1 I ull.nul,.,
141\.11 .11111 1, 1 c.1.11nc1
1'uliliru) vJlydhJslous: 1 .ulnn11r.I cllnc ,L .I 111 I
I,r?yul ss slrnu h.1 .. 1 ,111 ti,11111 \Ir11.111 I(un1.111
1)nlr)1 1.1 \\ 111 'i.11nInII ,unit.. tiI\.1n 11.1d111n11,11 1.1\\
unI ,c-lull 111 11.n1ilin11.,1 1 41ulf ?.. ., , 4111, ,111n11 of
I'ni\r1?.11\ ?I II411?,I+.111., I, ,,Ihn ,,fill \\\.v11.1n11
1n1.,Ir41 ill I ,??.ulhu,, h.c, nut .n,cplcll Inn11n11.,,r\
II l jurl.Ihllnul
Iltuuehcv 1 1 1 \ J 1 n l 1 1 1 J 11! 11 4I 1I?-
un\tllutnnl 11,nn .,1?,I 16,111.1 1111.111. .1 fill .1?.\111111 II
pcr\uu.11 1,11, . In' 11111 fill'. 11111111! 1uldPI .1 hlnt'' II
'11-11 of o 1.1111'.?nn I l i \ \ 1 1 1 1 I I n 1 . 11 1 u p , ' t hrnnl it 1.11 of 11
.,n .1PI11lurI I unn111, Ir111141't nU?tuhcrs ..111.1 rlt.ul41 fit
I pill Ill Ili. In 1, 41.1\1 111111 ..11.1nr?, .11111 1.r\\ Inn\t 11nt?1n
prnh.,11)\ \\111 I11 d1.1ltn lip 1.11cr
(:1s4-ppl111r?111 Icudrt: Ilc.rll ?1 SI.1h? .1114 Iu\rrn
pupil API111 ',nl1I1,v.1 II 1'11 it it, \11111\Ier `!.11,hn?-IIll
) 1.11111111
Sulf ragr: on1\ 1.1.,11 111 ,nlull.
Eh?cliuns: lint rlr,il,lu?? flit I.c1;r\L,IJIC mill, 11
In?Id n lull,- I1)Ii1 1.11cs1 lilt IIIw%# III ;\?\rnlhl\ 111
\1,1\ I'IT2
l'nliIicaI parties and leaders: I I I I Iof kI ifI\u, IIo-
tr.u111nrn,J1.1 11.111\. 41wo4If-(I h\ KIn1; `41111111/., II.
Illc 411po%il11u1 \t'I\,file \atpol.,l I1Iu?r.11un (nnc.rc,s
\\'I ( ). Ill h\ Dr \mhnrse /.\\.lnc, h.,% h-,-r1
111\\41111.41
Voting strength: In l )721 Iccllnns. In1f,41141d\n \\ 1111
\\I.(: \\nll :Iw.lk In 1114.
Conununisls: no (:otnnn:nl\1 P arh
Memher of: .\F1)Ii. fl\I', ' cralrcd\ (:utnrniltr r?,
1' N
ECONOMY
(:DP: ,lpIPIus S I 2 I ) nnlhnn 1 I ) 7 2 1 , 1, ;1IPul S. S(I jr,?r
c.1 pt L,. t'n1ls Ih r.,lc 111 corrrJlt pncrs ,1s much ,,s I I :1',
I l?bti 2 )
Agriculture: unpin craps - nJ.nrc. cnllun. tit e_
sug.u. ;uu1 citrus fruits
Major industn?: mining
Electric power: (17 .5(N) list ca11.1ci:\ (I!1; 11, "11
million l.\\ hr prurluccd (to) 1). ;11)1) loss Air 1,-,r
c;1 pit.,
F::upcrrts: $91 lnili'oo (1 41 h ? 1472). iron fire,
ashrslos. sugar. \s(lnd and forest prPKlucts, citrus, Inr,st
/roducts, enlton
Imports: S76 million If o h , 1972), fptd pnKlucts,
nlanofachlred guards, nuo?hincn. fertilizer, fuel
Major trade parts eis: );Ip;u1. I.' K , South Africa
Approved For Release 2002/07/03 : CIA-RDP86T00608R000600100003-3
 Approved For Release 2002/07/03 : CIA-RDP86T00608R000600100003-3
1IulV 1117
I"i 1111111111
Mill ',,,,bill!, ai11 I' I NI
l,nllyrl, d. III I i t 1. I' t 411 h lniII, tt 11 1111 i t
11hr1t ~11,1n1sin,ut,?Is 91 't nulhnl, nn 11lilllao fill
lltldgrlt I \i irtrool. 1M?, tiilhon, 114 11110,111
t?slu?nlliluu? 11"111 million. 4Irs1-1,?lttnr11l rspcnlIII tiff
1137 11lillioi,
Mortrlary conversion ratrl I 1.11:o11:1n1 I'"Si 1,'
(a'. 1I Iallll.llt 1117."1)
Fiscal yrar: I April 'II \1,11, If
C(1MMIINI. TI( If NS
Ilalifllallsl 1:4!1 1111 ,'1'11" g;1yr +1nIric? lilt( 1,
Ilighways: 2,I(N) fill . 1'dl fill 1,.11'11, Will) fill
clllthrd ttorlc, yr.Itcl, In ?.lahil,/crl soil, 1,1(N) fill
I119111111'II or I tilt iii) ii tY 1?II c,lllli
Civil air: 1111:1111 11,lllsl,ltt airs 1.111
AlIf irlds: '11 111,1!. 2..11 lI IIilr. I 1th nit o,ll I INN)
7 ,1111'1 11
l'rlrconunundtalio'IS: (hr 1111. lit contltlt ?i .1 Irts
t.olnnvnnnuuii.1
illicit tthc line. ;11111 III%% plan, If
111'1 slaliois, \Il,ahaoc it tilt. lrlilrr, .,,111111
tcIrpluon??, :,LINK) i.lllil n?crilcr?., I V NI, till I\1 it
'I1' slallt'ns
DEFENSE FONTS
Military inanpptwvr: In.ilcs 17, 111. 1)19INNI. 1,1?(N)))
III Inc t11iIit,o1t %#.[%I((.
LAND
17:1,(NNI sill tiff :Ir,lhh-. I'i nu?ado%%% and
patlurr . ii'i lows('td. 311"i Offer
Land boundaries: I,:41,-, nli
WATER
Limits of territorial water (claimed): 1 It
(fitlting. 12 n. rni.)
Coastline: 2.(XX) nii
1'1;()1'1.1?:
I'nprllalirmt M I'12.(N))) ?srt:n:r :1,nna) p,i u(Il I,rlr
11 I'. I, nit, nl l
Npliollghll'~ 11111111 tilt 111'1?, 1, atll? 11% ' Ott r,ll+h
1:111nir /Iisisin/l,.: Ill lilt Vrtif ?n?, ithiir? (,1pnl.,lini
?.111:111 I ;,I,I,i?.ll 11t,n'tilt
IlrliKilet! 112'. I?.s: .1i l.nlh, 7. nlhrr
I'lult'.I:,nl, I{11111.111 ('?111n,hr, 1..?1'111 Iltlhnllns I',
11It1,1
IatnguaKrt tit'.ll. ?.111,,11 1:11,11 ill d I lonc.h
,prakU,1: 1111n11nt il,?
1111)11' hu'rl': 1.111111111, tl. I, I'. ,1I:ri4 ilium. 1111 sin .
1101111s... ii ini111 . and 111.111JIIalinnnl:.
l1101114tl1n. 1'1 1,', (u111111rrrr. 1, "1', It,,n.) it).111nn
,1111 rote :',,:nl, ,ill ifs, 21) M', tt?It 11 vs lilt 111,1111::
l'11trtturl''1tl. `,' 1,.111k1n1: 2 "i rlnr11lllimc1I
Orgac,iilrd Ialxrr: 59' of labor loo I.
GOVERNMENT
Legal name: kllli;Ilinl of \acdcn
7ypt?: rons111111nm.1) inl11atit,
Capital: S) kh'1111
Political sillxlivisions: 2 I loot lilt 0,s, ruts
III,IIIf'. ,`:' 1111. ii"
1A?KaI sysirrrs: ci%il licit tt'tin, o11I114114 rtl Ls
I usln11latt bill Al Is of MY). IM1(1? IMI,G, .11111 I41')
trrtr ut comlilrillnn. lrl:.iI rtlur,lliln ,11 1?nnrntllrs of
1.11111, "lot kllnlfil. a1111 1.'pin.da. en1111/11isort
Il:1 i11nsrdlclioil. tstlh trsl?rtathntt
Ilranthes: Ill:1)11111' a11lhorilt relit Stith palll.l
.
no nl I ltik.ILn:'. rsrl?ntitr poa it %#'%tutl in 'unit')
respontlhlr In parli?lnu fill SIptelllt? ('1111'1. h ti); fill'
co iris. I(IM I itse?r count
Covernment leaders: dins: ('III \VI I:,,sI.,I Incur
\1 mister Olof 1'.11111'
tillflfage: 11111%1'11;11, bill 11111 I nttll,llltnrt. t,tl?r ,Il:r?
211
I:lrctions: rvrn :1'r;ut (nest in Sr111c111hrr 111761
Political partirs and leaders: \1oder.lir (:oalilhrll
ico11sr1s:llitr)? (:osla IIIIIInLlll. (:cnlcr. Ihorhlnnt
l'allllln, I.1hrr,ll, Gunnar lichen. Nodal I)rIllo( r,llir'
Olif I':Ilnu?. (:c,nli11nnist, (:all Ilcnrlk Ilcnnantson,
(:nnlmmritl I.r.lt!uc of \Llnitts l r 111111th ( K ' t11. ),
Cri11n.lr litIill
Voting strength 1197:1 election) : 1:14', \t,lrlcr,tty
:oalition, 2. I'; (:cniir, 1)'I"l Liberal. T; fit, \1141al
I)cinonratic :r :1"i I''onlmunitt, 2 7", othrr
Communists: 170M), a nunlhrr of st tnp,ll hiicrt as
i1. 'icatrrd h1 lift- 27.1.929 (:onrnunist %ot,?t call in
1:171 clection%. an additional 5,1111 %oh?s cart for
tlaoisl KIAII,
Member of: ("?'uncil of F11roiw', EC (Ftev Trade
Akrcrnlrnt). f?:1?'"1?r1, FAO. (:A?I??I?. IAI';A. 1111(1),
I(:A). II)A, II?:A, IF(:, II111, ILO, I\1 CO. I\1F, Il'l'.
Approved For Release 2002/07/03 : CIA-RDP86T00608R000600100003-3
 Approved For Release 2002/07/03 : CIA-RDP86T00608R000600100003-3
July 111,15
? I If I Ill 1 III I I I I II. I I) I I). til?;11 n1I'. t Is I I I II I I I t I1 I IAI-A t- 1'111' \1.1111, 11'\111
(V4111 Lilhlnl. .t, Will 111.1 l alpula 1 14 11
nlr.llnl111i,n1 ' I :,'. Itilr?.Ifiu'tit.
I!u 111111111111. 11 T. IIrI reln'll. if 1!uult, mill till +11\11 r?.
I I4i:I... 111; 1 s!ffmIII I;II, I :i'. in I un?.I.InI 1,111 r,
Ayril'lllturrl :IfIiIfI;II hll'.II:pu1111\ 111/Y1,IIIIIILIII'?. 111111
'pull, .fill 14,4144 1un11ul I. ill lnllnlilll' I'', Ii)'I if
L11111
Ins 111111. In;lln 11n1R 1'llllll,, .I111..It 1lrrt?,, 11nl.lln/?..
411', ?II %11111.Irnl, If 'I'll ,h1lrt,11'1 Jill, ,11111 LII?.
III111i..11 Illwh Il 1%. 1 .1111111' IIIIukI', : .:SNII 1'UII1lo 1111
11.1% IIrI 1.11111.1 ( 1116,; ON )
Fishing: I.II111 ; (',INN) ns('1lo1 Inn, ( 1!1;:11. I?slunts
S.' 1n11Lun, inll/urt. $I:NI ofihIiuu
!Major induslrirs: most and ,1111. 1pur1l1ilnl
1,111111 1II11'111 1 LratU11',, r.f,liJi .pill I11r11hn1'' (.Ill ,
a l l l l . l t t l l ' 1 1 1 . ) . , 11111h111Illlllt!, 1%.111,1 1111111 .Ind 11.11111
Inullnl 1?, 111n11?.,111 Irnlll'., IrlUi/,, l llrnul.ll?.
ShnrtaK('s: Ipu.11, (u'Irnlrnnl. Irsill,? Ilhrt??. Iu,l.l,ll
(:nnlr slrrt: 'u' Inilllpun ti''InI infi?, Inull'rrll
11?i:II I,. t'I kill /!r.III, lilt I .111IL1
h.Icu Iric? ltclwrr: IN,NI)7,INN1 k%% I.11an'it% 111111j.
71, 1111111un kll hr Ilrpuduly(I 1147:3). t'. 2'd) k%k if four
1?aixtris: $I'0'0 million (111 11 Ill, 11, 111.14 11111f.1%.
1111011f %(.Ill( ll'c .11111 ,11111,, \lpuull 111111), 11.IIN'r lrffodul l,
1(1111 .11111 ,ti'l'l 11fl11I1111%. fill-1.11 Irtl'' .111(1 ,/f.11),
1'IIr111I(.11%
Inlltoris: $1.1.761 tnilLnn III I . 1117 11. I ,.llhinlt%
IJiUI(or l('hillr%, 1,rlrnlrlnn .1m( 1/1'ir1?Irtitl) 1rr11(!fill,
II'elilr earls Intl Ialric%, mull still ,111.1. Ihrmieall.
lJif,d..uul Ihr aninl.ll,
Major Iradr partnrrr: 111) 7 11 \t'r.t (:rnn.lnl I I'..
I' K 12" . I' S 5-1' , NJine.ue 4', , I )rnnlark s'.. I?:( 9
1', . I S S It and I':a%tern I',ut'11r :1':
Aid: rcpunJinlll 1' S, S30811) milh?In anlhnri,rll
f' 'If i 7:1, $77 .i nnlhputi in 1973 . $21 7 tnillinn in
1',,72. nut ulliulal aid if, II',. drerlf,lnll Iminirie. afill
n'ullil.Itrtal at;rnlir', Slili_' 1 nlilhun ( 141111 711', $154
(pillion fit 1471. SI!IS nlillif,n in 11172. S27., milhmi in
197:3
Budget: 1117.1 - Irlrnur' $11i 2 hilhnn. re
1x'ndilurr, SIN 11 hilhnn
Monetary conversion rate: I krnnnr- I'SS1) 225
;nrrat;r eu?haJiNu call, 1971
Fiscal year: I Jule ' :311 June
COMMUNICATIONS
Railroads: 7,:1111 till ; Sllr(Ii.h Stair llailee.IV' (SJ)
1,1159 mi slan'Jard gage 1 1:3 nll narrnn
gage (Ili" and 2'11"), 1,:32.1 mi, electrified, 725 nil
(tf,uhle tracked; 2)l mi standard gave (?1'M' ''I. 98
fill n,suull t':u',1 1.''I I'l III loss 1.111 tlililvl an'
11111 :II I'l a 111111111 mill 11111 1.11111
1liyhwas\: lull III', fill , 11.:1:,0 fill its Irlr,hrll
'Amu'. V?I:11I I 111 1111111u11 11 r;Itlll, .41111 111.: Illi Jill 111?
111111111144. I .If.'to I1, '.111111' Ill- l,' ,
Inland watrrwus sl I ..'?.:, Jill lo.Ii iI aLl1' sill ,uulli
A V:un/1', .11141 11;11{'1?,
Pllrl\t I'1 I11.11u1 ;11111 .'I '.11;111111 .I III IIIIIIUt
( :Ae'it air: I. 1 It1,Ilu1 11,111'.1,nrl\
Airfields: ':II If,1,uI 1,1 I it%.,I4r, I,'.I 1%1114
lurnl.punnl v111.l1I' lnnll.ll',, I, llltil folim 11r N,IN111
(1,11111111 , 111 \lllh lunll;n?. I,INNI 'i . 111111th ,l1,ra11l:nlr
"',11iun?.
1'c?Ireonnnunications: I?SI111rJi1 df,r.'',lic ,I'll
inll?In.ltlun.ll Ia11111i1?,, :, I.! nlilhpun Irllll;anu,. 11
1 \1. 1111 1 \1..11111 .!.!', l is .1.11if pun, -) fill Hillis 1.160, .1 lit I
N t nnlhpun I \ rr1 /i11?f., 111 'u1uti,uior I,,
Im 111flin1' 1 1 u.psi.ll. (.(1\IS:\ I I;run111l %t:ituiJi
DEFENSE FORCES
Military martpnwer: 111.111, I', 19, I,ss:1,IN111,
I,1174,1NNI (II (fir Inilsl:ln ,1're h,?, ,; ,IN111 If nlilil.ln
at r ( Ills ;unln.llll
Military Itudget: lit 11,1.11 scar rnduu, '111 Jlonr
((71, $2 IS
hllhlnl..1LJiU1 I I'. JiI Irnlral 1Jierlolonrnl
Lulll'11
I.ANI)
IIi,INNI >(1 till ? 111', aralllr, IT, nu'aduee. amt
II;I?lurr., 229', ee.lslr fir urh,ul, 21", Itiu'.Ied. :11f,
inland scaler
-and boundaries: 1.171 rill
PEOPLE
Population: 6.52-1.(M. aerrage annual grueeth rill(-
11.7''(' (7/72-7/73)
Approved For Release 2002/07/03 : CIA-RDP86T00608R000600100003-3
 Approved For Release 2002/07/03 : CIA-RDP86T00608R000600100003-3
NalionNlily, nrnu, S\(I'.', Isinlf h pl ~, udjcclive
51%iss
I:,III.ie divisions, Irltal populullnn fill', (:errnall.
I!1', I?'rcmch, I(1', Milian, I', Rrlnuulscll, I'. 41111er.
',\\is', itlliou;ll' 71', (:erlual,, 20', l'e'nd), I',
Italian. 1', Ilnllrlll?a'II, I', othcl
Itcliyion, .'1'1', I'll of eslaml, Ili'. Rmn,,n 1 :alhnlir
I.ungnugel ti+ti+s nmlion,ll' 71'. (:crimp, 120'.
1. Kerb. I', IInlt;ul, I', HolmillwIl. I', olhcr, Intel
11n1111LItitill 09'. (:'rnum. I0', I'll-tic,, 111',
1)1114111. I', Itnrn,o,srl,, I', nlher
Literacy: 118'',
Labor force: '111 million, 41hou1 mw fifth fow4"ll
orker%, Inmll% IIalt;uc, 1t agricullurc :lilt lorestn.
17'7 indnslrt and crafts, 20', Irene and Irans-
port:Ilto11, 5'', Ioolcsstnn', '', in public 't rvi,,',
II)', dmnuslic ;upl olli,r, till :lot tolcillp1m
11,cnt %Iolrtage nl Iit it It sI,iIIv( I and unskilled lit Iit or
0,,1:17 unlined vacam?tts lit April 1972
Orgunited lubc.r: 20', (if labor forte
(:OVI':RNMI{N'1'
Legal name: Stttss (:onleder:ltion
Type: federal re$n,hlic
Capital: Ht',Il
Political subdivisions: 22 cmilo s (:1 diyidcd into
half rultous), a lot.:,) referendum hull in Runt (:anlm,
in 1117:1 tndicaled that Ihrcc d15111(ls ttishc,I In form a
wilm..111, canlnn for a portion of the I'p?Itch -speaktIII,
Joe, o?I:inn
I.cgal %y%lcvn: civil 1;1%v ststenl in(lur?ncccl In
cm+lmnarv Iris. crnlslilntiom adopled 187.1, arncmIcll
since. judicial myiu\c of Iegislalise acts, rtcepl sh ill
resold to Icdedl ducmes of gun-cal ohligahlrt
ch;lractrr. legal eclncatinn .1l 1'oiver'itits of Ilc?rn.
Cenesa ;Ili([ I,aosann(, mid four other 11uitersits
schools of 1:11%, accepts c?mnpulsnr% ICJ jurisdiclion.
ssilh resurtalion
Branches: hie?:unera) 1larli:unrnt has IegtsIalty,
aulhoril\; h?deral council (I3umlcsral) has c\ccntivc
:olthorily; justice 1(11 chiefly to cantons
Government leader: Pierre (:raper ( I -year tern) is
President began on January I)73). President
Suffrage: universal over age 20
Elections: held v%er% 1 scars; mutt elections 1475
Political parties and leaders: Social Democratic
l':1rty (SI'S), Arthur Schmid, president; Radical
1)nnun'ratic Par(v (11)1'), Ilnnri Schmitt, president;
(:Iirislian Conservative People'% Party (ICAT). Franz
Jowl` Iormann, pre'sid('e); Farmer, Artts:ul, and
Middle (:lass I'arty (11(:11(, Ilan (:onzelt, president;
Communist fart (PdA). Jean Vincent, leading
SccrcIariat mmirher; Republican Movement (REl',.
National) Action (N.A.), Junes St'hwarzenhanh
Voting strength ( 11)71 ductile), 1!) sill', FI)I', I I
,at, (.\'I', It, +r;,1% SI'S, :1 seals li(:li, 5 wits I'dA,
.t?al' N A , 'i a'll', tll';I', ?:2 seals olhce,
Commuuis1s::1,5(1(1, .10.831 toles to 19111 election
Member oil ('ounetl of Forolu', I:I ?['A, FAO,
IAIA, IAO, II;A, (111), Sru1 ,el1% iIIun1111'e, I N
(Min1IA11 11 o) serterl, 11'110, \\'11(1
1CONOh1Y
CNI', $ Ili H hilltop ( 1!171, ill 1'uru'n1 prices), $7,2(11)
per 1;11111;1: .)!1', roII+pnllltinp, 27', iI I vvsllm?111, 12 ,
III vemina'nt, net loruign haLulce 2'' (1974 ), 1474
1;poyth rate 11'2';, conl41nl prices
Agriculture: dairy I41rming, pn dnnlinalus. It-%% 1)14111
;d-'', a?II.splliri,nl, food shnllages -, lisp. refined
+ug:r, lilts and oils (other than huller(. grins, rl!1!+,
Irit ls, y1 getahlls, mmat; (-;Mori,' 11141k)', :1,1411 t' dories
per d:ly per e;I1liI:l (I!)it4 7O)
Major industries: machinery, (hemicals, \sa1clle',
textiles, pmctsion tnsln11m'mts
Shortages: Ilracticall\ all imporlaml rim materials
cscept Indmn'L'ctric energy
1':Icctric power: I 1,5(N1,(NN) kw capacil\ ( 147:1).
:Ilt.,i billion k\%,-Ilr, produced ( 147:1), 5,254) I,\s -hr. per
capila
;sports: $11 !) hillinn (Lo.h , 11)7.1); principal
items--mac'hinerv and wluiplnu'nt, precision imtru-
rlll'lll', tux)))es, fm,tnlstlrlls
Imports $1.1 1 billion (c i t . 1!171); principal
items --- machinery itnd lr:ulsporlalion elluipmu'nt.
Inelels mid metal products, f,HUlshlf fs, chemicals,
tetlile filers and tarn
Major trade partners: 'AnsI C'rnuul\ 22', . Prance
12';, U.S. 7'',, Austria (i`, lids 4', 1' K (i';; II
56';; EFTA I I',' ; ('nmmpnist countries I', ( 11)7 1)
Aid: economic - anlhortiwl, I, ` $111 million
through I'173; net official economic aid (Icltyep?d to
less tlevelopn(I areas and rnultil,lleral agencies $191
million (P1'(t2.7 2 ), $67 million ill 1-172
Budget: receipts. $:3.(181 nlillinn. ttpcmdilums
S?1,365 million, deficit $681 million ( 1471)
Monetary conversion rate: 2.481 Swiss francs=
1'S$I (average 1471, floating(
Fiscal year: calendar tear
COMMUNICATIONS
Railroads: :3,18(1 nli. I,8(I9 mi. government owned
ISI31$). 1,7(1:3 mi. -I'S 1':" gage, 1(i nmi.:3':3'H' gage, 8:37
mi. double track. 472 mi. single track, 94"i electrified;
1,:377 rni. non-goytrnnp'nt owned. 4.1?I mi. .1'812"
gage, 886 mi. ,3'3'M' gage, 47 mi. 2'7 I " gage, I(N)"i
electrified
Highways: 37,138 mi., all paved
Pipelines: crude oil, 145 mi.; natural gas, U50 mi.
Inland waterways: ?11 mi.: Rhine River-Rase) to
Rhctnfeldcn. Schaffhausen to Constaulz: ill addition,
Approved For Release 2002/07/03 : CIA-RDP86T00608R000600100003-3
 Approved For Release 2002/07/03 : CIA-RDP86T00608R000600100003-3
July 11)75
Ihere lilt- 12 nuvlpnble lakes n[figi'tg In size Iit ni Luke
(:r?nrvn In Ilallssilersrr?
1'orlst I major (II;isrl). minor
Civil ain 7(3 nutjur It- iusporl airrrull (inrludin), I
Ieasr(l from it 1mvign runntrs )
Airlieldsr !)I total, 75 usuhlr; :17 syith )niti neitt-
surluce nntssa%%; 2 sclth nnrsvays over 12,.111X1 II., k
with runsvuys 4,1111111 1,!1!19 I1., I I svllh nnns;tys 1,INlll-
7,!-99 Ii.
lelcronununications: evc?ellent dnntvstu', intenut-
lional, and broudcusl srrvirrs; 3.79 million
telvphurtes; run11nnniralions salrllite slaliun; 2.1)1
rnilliun radio amt 1.7 1 million TV receivers; 7 AM, 9:3
FM, :111(1 :302 -I'V stations
I)F.FI?;NSE FORCES
Military manpower: mules 15-?19, 1.;19,111X1:
.325,0110 fit for military srrvicr; 17,(()0 reach military
age (20) annual!.
Military budget: for fiscal year ending :31
December 1975, $1,14)1 million; 19'7 of central
government budget
LAND
72,11(X) sq. mi. including 5(X) sq. nri. of Israeli-
occupied territory: -14`'; arable. 29`7 graving,
forest, 2M' desert
Land boundaries: 1.365 iii. (19(37) (excluding
oc'c'upied area I3-10 mi.)
WATER
Limits of territorial waters (claimed): 12 it. mi.
(plus (3 it. mi. "necessary supervision zone'.)
Coastline: 120 mi.
PI-"()1') i;
Population: 7,315 M0, aventge :[fntnal I;rmvlli 11114.
3.:3:7 (7/7:1-7/7.1)
Nationality: noun Syrianlsl, :uljerltvr Svr3:[ft
Ethnic divisions: 911,3'; Arab; 1)7'1 Kunls,
\rn1(vtiam, :urd other
Religion: 70.5; Sunni Muslim, 113.:)'7 other
Muslim %ecls, 13.2'7 (:hristiam III various sots
Language: Ar,rhic. Kindislr, Arnteni:[ft: French curl
English swirl' Iv unrlerslu id
Literacy: about 10'';
Labor force: 2 million; (37'1 agrtrullure, 1"';
induslrv (including cnnslroction), 211; ntiscullunruus
services; majority unskilled; shortage of skilled labor
Organized labor: 5'7 of labor fire''
GOVT''ItNMI;NT
Legal narne: Syrian Arab Republic
'T'ype: rrpublir; tinder left-win); mllilarv n?glnu-
sinc?r Man-h I'.1(33
Capital: I)antau?us
Political subdivisions: I:3 ptovincts and lily of
Damascus adntioistered as separate unit
Legal system: based on Islamic law :[fill civil lase
systeur; special religious courts; cunstilutinn
promu)gatecl in 1973; legal ednration at 1)anutsrus
tlnivcrsit and university of Aleppo, has riot i,ccvI)Ivd
compoisnry I(:j juriulic?tino
Branches: executive powers veslccI in President and
Council of Minislcrs: Irgislative posyc?r rests in the
People's Assrrubly (election pending): seat of posyr?r is
the B:t'th Party liegional (Syrian) Command
Covernment leaders: I'ri'sident llitfiz Al-Amid
Suffrage: universal at a)!,e 14
Elections: no electoral laws bring drafted: last
elections in December 19(31: presidential refercndurn
in 1971; local councils elected in Match 1972,
assembly eloctiom pending
Political parties and leaders: ruling party is the
Arab Socialist Rest,rn?climrist (Ba*th) party; a
"national front" cabinet formed in March 1972,
dominated by Ba'thists, includes independents and
members of the Syrian Arab Socialist Party (ASI'),
Arab Socialist Union (ASU), and Syrian Communist
l'uTty (S(:1')
Communists: nmstly sympathizers, nomheririg
10,1X)1) to 130X)
Other political or pressure groups: non-IIa'th
parties have little effective political influence:
Communist Part% ineffective; greatest threat to
Ba'thist regime lies in factionalism in Bat Ii Party
itself; conservative religious leaders
Approved For Release 2002/07/03 : CIA-RDP86T00608R000600100003-3
 Approved For Release 2002/07/03 : CIA-RDP86T00608R000600100003-3
Member of: And) League, I?'AO, IAI?A, 11(1(1)?
ICAO, It)/%, I1,'(:, II.(-, I\II', 1.1.11, Ss,,ll)r?:Is
(:nrnrnillve, 11 IN., 1'Nl:N(:(t, I'1'11, \I'IIO, \1'Nl()
ECONOMY
(:1)1': $1 !) I,lllino, esl, (1973), $280 per c:tpilu; earl
(.1)1' grrnvh its 8'i 197:3 est
Agriculture: mein crops cnllon, scheu? barles
rn,i tobacco; sheep :tout gnat raisin),; sill-sn'llcient in
most loads in stars (oI ),noel wtalitet
Major industries: ttstiles, pelrultrnn test. ?50,1111(
b/d Itrodoc?liun, mltnin), -'allaeils sy;rs 51,001) b/(I per
(lay, hot reduce( Irv war danetge); fond processing,
Irevertges, Iob:ueo
Electric ,;orwcr: 147,500 ksv, capacity (197-1); I '
billion kw.-hr. produced (197.1), ilili kss hr. It,r
capita
Exports: $8111) ntilline (l.o.b.. 197.11; petroleum.
eotlun, fruits and vegeLrblt's, grain. soot, :old
livestock
Imports: $1.12.5 million (c 1,1 , 1971); neu'hintry
and metal products, test;n?s, fuels, loo(kiufls
Major trade parluers: txporls -- 1' S. S. It, Ilah?
.nil I.eb;mmn; imports -- i,(.Il non, West (;ermam
Italy, U.S.S.R., Japan, and Franco.
Budget: 197.1 est. - revenues $115 million,
expenditures $5(1,5 million
Monetary conversion rate: 3.71) Syrian pountls--
1!S$I
Fiscal year: calendar year
COMMUNICATIONS
Railroads: 869 rni.; 071 rni. standard gage, 190 nri.
narrow gage (:V5:'.")
Highways: 7.15(1 rni.; 1,3(X) nti. paved, 8111 nti.
);ravel or crushed stunt, 1,51(1 nli. improved earth, .8)11
nti. nuimproved earth
Inland waterways: ?1211 nti.: of little importance
Pipelines: crude oil. 811) mi.: refined products, 321)
mi.; natural gas 1.10 mi.
Ports: 3 major (Tartus, Latakia, Itaniyas). 2 minor
Merchant marine: I cargo ship ( 1,(X)1) Cli'I' pr over)
totaling 2,8181 Cli'I', ?1,1110 I)W'l'
Civil air: 5 major transport aircraft
Airfields: :35 total, 3(1 usable; 23 wife permanent-
snrface runways; 2(1 with runways 8.000-11,999 ft., 4
with runways 1,0(81-7,999 It.
Telecommunications: gaud international and
domestic service; telephones; I million radio
and 1:37,(88) TV receivers; .5 TV and 5 ANI stations
DEFENSE FORCES
Military manpower: males 15-49, 1.70308);
9.5.3,)88) fit for military service; about 89,(X8) reach
military age (19) annually
Military budget: for fiscal year ending 31
December 197.1, $394 million; 230 of total budget
TANZANIA
AWAN
"ueu
LAND
3112.8110 '.q nti (intlutlim, isl:uuls of Zanzibar :end
l'entba? I.02.O set nii. (1', inhuul ssat er? I511
enltivaled, :31', gras'.I;rrd, 18'1 bush funs),
%%undlancl, nn mninl:rud. (i))'i arable. of lists .1(I'7
eultiva t'd silt islands of Zanzibar ;mud Pemba
Land boundaries: 2113 nti
WAT1:Ii
Limits of territorial waters (claimed): 50 it. rni
Coastline: 883 rni. (this includes Mafia Island, 70
rni.; I'clnh;t Island, III) 1111.; and Zanzibar, 132 mi.
PEOPLE
Population: 13,149,0110, average annual grosylh
rate 2.7"1 (7 73-7 7-1)
Nationality: noun I'nnz:uti:r,(.,) :adjective--
'I'anz:miau
Ethnic divisions: 99', native Airicuns consisttltg of
well over 1110 tribes; 11. Asian. European, and Arab
Religion: 'f;utganvika - 411'1 animist, 30'('
Chrisliau, 30'1 Muslittt; Zanzibar - alums) all
Muslin)
Language: Swahili English and official English
primary I:urguege of commerce, administration a11(I
higher cducatimi: Nss.ahili ssi(Icly understood aunt
generally used for corrununication behveert ethnic
groups; first language of aunt people is one of t be
local languages
Literacy: 15"1-20'1
Labor force: under -081,188) in paid cnrplovmcnt,
over 90'4' in agriculture
Organized labor: I5''1 of labor force
GOVERNMENT
Legal name: lJnitc(I Republic of Tanzania
Type: republic; single Hurtles (Iontiltate hoth on the
mainland and oil Zanzibar
Capital: Dar es Salaam
Approved For Release 2002/07/03 : CIA-RDP86T00608R000600100003-3
 Approved For Release 2002/07/03 : CIA-RDP86T00608R000600100003-3
July 1975
Political sulydivisionst :!:! rrgium. IN 0n
11111illhol11, 1 girt %unztbar itilnnth,
Legal system, tensed on I?;n)!Itsh connnnn Intc.
I%Ltnrit lass, ru?,Ignntrrv I;m, will German civil hm
system; intrrirn constitution adopted It)ti,,, judicial
tcviv%v of Irgtslulivt? ncls limited In millers of
inlcrlnclnlloil ; legal cducatlnn al t1eiycrsit% (:ollc(',i'
I)ar t?s 811111 Iras not :rccclttwI ctrrnltul'nrr ICI
jnristliclinn
Ilranches: I'rusidcnI Julius Nycrcm has hull
cxcculhc :tnlhorits un the nntinlun(I; Nallonal
Assenrhls dorninor letl by Ncerere ;out the i'atg:tytka
AIricait National Union ('I'ANII); new I% re'troclutctl
National AssumhI% will consul of 2.15 nrcnrb.?rs,
including 57 appointed from Zanzibar, 6.) appntnletl
login Iht? mainland, plus 83 directly ulccted 110tH the
nntiaLu)d; First Vice 1lusident rlhoud J11n:1))' and the
I(evutit ionarv (:ooncil still run Zanzibar dc'itile the
ellorts 0f Nycrcru In integrate the isl;tnths into the
political system of the mainland
Government leader: President Julius Nserrre
Suffrage: universal adult
Political party and iaulers: Tanganyika Afrig?an
National lrni0n ('I'ANII), only maitiland political
party, dominated I,v Nvvreru wills Prime tilinisterand
Second Vice President I(ashidi hawasva as his lop
licaalenanl; Afro-Shirazi Parts'. the Only ports in
Zanzibar
Voting strength (October 1970 national elec-
tions): 5 millio't registered voters; N%t-r(re received
95!'i of 3.6 million voles cast; general parlill101 t uv
election st?hedulcd for Fall of 1975
Communists: a few COnununists :uul ss nlpathizors
Member of: AFI)li. (:ommonsv(.allh. EA(:, FAO,
GAT'T', 1131(1), ICAO, IF(:, ILO, IMF, I'I?l', OAl',
Seabeds Corm a tlev, U.N., UNESCO, UPl1, 1V11O,
W MO
ECONOMY
Mainland:
CDP: $1,576 million at current prices ( 1973), abort
$80 per capita; growth rate in constant 1966 prices for
1970-71, 4.5(7
Agriculture: main crops - col ton, coffee, sisal (,n
mainland; Iargvly self-sufficient in food
Fishing: catch 1570X) metric tons, $(96 million
1972); exports $1.7 million, iniports $72-10H)( 1971 )
Major industries: primarily agricultural processing
(sugar, beer, cigarettes, sisal twin'), diamond mine, oil
refinery, shoes, cement, textiles, round products
Electric power: 1750X) kw. capacity (1974); 51:3
million kw.-hr, produced (1971), 3.1 kw.-hr. per capita
Exports: $361 million (f o.b., 1973); coffee, cotton.
sisal, Cashew nuts, meat, diamonds, cloves. tobacco,
Ica
Imports: $187 ntilliun (',I I 1973); ntnnnlaclnlyd
goods, nr:rrhinrn mid tuulspml ctiuipnn?ut, roll0n
pturr goods, crude oil, Ioudslrrlls (nurinls lot
Zanzibar)
Major trade partners: espnrls ( "tine, t i. h.,
I nog Koog, India, htvnn, t! S tn:l,urts t1. K.,
hina. Kcns;t, \Vc'l (.weans, t'.S . J:tpon
:"gadget: ( 1972) receipts $311(0 :l million, espundi
lotus $3(1(00 million
Monetary conversion role: 7.113 'l'anz:urt;ug
shillings- IIS$l
Fiscal year: I J:rly
Zanzibar:
GNP: $35 million (1967)
Agriculture: tnnin crops - cloves, cucunuls
Industries: agricultural lnocrssing
Electric power: sec 'Tanganyika (nhuycr
Exports: $12.(3 million (1968); cloycs and clove
luudocls, coconut prudnt?ts
Imports: $5.6 million (I9(3M); mainly loodstufls and
cunsunu?r goods
Major trade partners: imports -- China, Japan,
and mainland 'I'anz;utta; cspurls -- Singapnrc,
China, Ilung hunt;, Indonusta. India, Pakistan
Aid: U.R. principal source of aid until 19101; l'S
$86 million FY58-7:3; China is cnrrenlly major soure
Exchange rate: I Tanzanian shilling l'S$O 14;
7.1.13 Tanzanian shillings =l!S$I
Fiscal year: I July - 30 June
COMMUNICATIONS
Railroads: 2.222 mi ; 600 nti. 3,6" gage; 1,638 rni.,
meter gage, 1 tai. double track; Tanzania portion of
'hill-%ant Itailruad completed
Highways: total 30,(X10 mi., including 39(1 mi. on
Zanzibar Island and 277 mi. on l'tmho and Mafia
IsI:u(ls; about I, 1(X) mi. hituntinnns Ireatetl, (370 mi.
on Zanzibar and Pcn1be); 28,600 mi. gravel, crushed
dune, or trnimpruvcd earth
Pipelines: refined pruducls 610 mi.
Inland waterways: 7:311 mi. of navigable streams;
several thousand rni. n;avigahleon l.akesTanganyika.
Victuri;;, and Nyasa
Ports: 3 major (Dar es Salaam, Mlwora, Tanga). 9
minor
Civil air: 10 major transport aircraft
Airfields: 105 total, 10:3 usable; 9 ssith permanent-
surface runways; I with rmwas 10,1(X) to 1 1,999 it, ?12
with runways 40X)-7,999 ft.; I seaplane station
Telecommunicatior,,: teie1,h p,1e and telegraph
good in main centers, only fair outside nr;rin towns;
?10,ISO telephones; 230,((X) radio receivers; ?1 AM, no
FM or TV stations; ?1 submarine cables
Approved For Release 2002/07/03 : CIA-RDP86T00608R000600100003-3
 Approved For Release 2002/07/03 : CIA-RDP86T00608R000600100003-3
DEFENSE FORCES
Military manpower: nn.les 13 Ill 3.1159.000.
1,919,000 lit fill ntllllnrs ',r'tslee
Military budget: for lisrtl st;u ending '111 Inn?
1973, SS() million 9 H'i of Ittl,ll IItlrlgel
I.ANI)
198.111111 stl mi: 31'1 in farms, fun?strd, 311'.
nlher
Land boundaries; :3,1)25 nti
WATER
Limits of territorial waters (claimed): 12 n, rni.
Coastline: 2,11(X) tai.
Population: 12.298.000. mirage annual grosstl
role :3 I (7 73-7i 1)
Nationality: noun --- Thai (sing & pI. ); ,uljuclise--
'I'hai
Ethnic divisions: 75'1 'Thai. 1.121 Chin-c. 11'1
minorities
Religion: 93.5'7 Buddhist, I'7 Muslim, 05
Christian
Language: Thai: English 'ecundars language ill
elite
Literacy: -,(Ili
Labor force: 78" agriculture. IS services,
industry
GOVERNMENT
Legal name: kingdom of Thailand
Type: conslihttional monarchy
Capital: Bangkok
Political subdivisions: -41 centrally controlled
provinces
Legal system: Iu,ued un cisil I,iss '.sstcol, ssillt
inllnenrrs of cutnnnnt Ltss, o('%% runslitulion
Itnrnluli;ntrd 7 ( lrloln?r 19 71, lei!al rdrtrution it
I Iuuunuts;tl Untscrsits, ltuti not accclrlcd runtptiIsnts
I(:I jnrisdirtion
Itraoches: Ring is hcud of state ssilh nnrninul
prom.l% I'rinic \linisler hrnth? a 22,111;111 cabinet:
National A5%vioI)ls hicanu'tul, senate ulupoinletl.
house elrctrd. ludiri,trs n?IatisrIs indrlu'ndcnt e\rept
in il..Iuttlanl political suhyruise cusrs
Coveru?nent leaders: Rini; I'luot iphun Adundel.
Khuktil Ill, it, Prime \linisl r; I'r,unun \tliruksao,
I)elutts l'tinrc \linisttn
Suffrage: uniyrt'al
Elections; 311 I,uutrs 1915
Political parties and leaders: 33 lntlilic,tl putties
ssun seals in 2(19-scat Nnlional r\ssunthly: key 1)11)11's
include Social Action, I)crnuct,uI,'I?It,ti Nation, Social
Iusticc, Social r\guttian, Social Nolionulist, Socialist
furls of Thailand. and Ncss I-owe
Conrtnunists: stu?ngtI of illcguI (:unrnnnist farts
is about 1,111111: Thai (:omntunisl insurgents
Iltroughout '1'hall,utd lutal ,thool 8,11110
Other political or pressure groups: National
Student (:enter of ?1'hailund (NSI:'I?), labor
.tssoci,ttions. People for I)rtnurrat?\. Federation of
Indrpu?rtdcnl students
Member of: AIM, ASEAN, :\SI'A(:, (:olontlro
Plan, i'SU\I', FAO, IAVA. 111111), ICAO. II):\, IF(:,
Seahrds (:untntiltrr, SI':A\tl(S,
11111, 11.O, 151F, IA V,
SI':A'1'O, VA.. t'NI':S(:O, t'NI(:I':F, t'I't'. \\'llO,
\\'\1( )
ECONOMY
GUI': $111) billion (1911 est in current prices).
S270 per capita: estinwtcd 1 3', real grosslh in 197 1
((i.H'i real growth, 1967-7, 1)
Agriculture: ssurltl's second largrsl rice r\purtcr in
1918; main crops --- rice. sugar. corn. nthhcr. tapioca:
almost I(X)'i self-sufficient in four)
Fishing: catch 1.8 million nn?tri(' Ions, e\porls,
5,3,11111) nu'Iric tons. $:3(i tnilliun ( 19721
Major industries: agricultural prunrssing, le\tiles.
wood ind soul protln('ts, ('i'ntent, tin and tungsten
ore mining: ssurld's ',('coal largest lin producer
Shortages: fuel sources. including coal, )u'Irolcum.
scrap iron, and h?rlilizcr
Electric power: '2-,31 1.006 ko c,tltacily (19 1). 8.3
billion kw.-hr. produced (19 ?1), 210 W.-hr. per
uapil,t
Exports: ?2,477 million (I o.h., 197-0; rice, sugar,
corn, robber, lin, tapioca, keno!
Imports: $3,112 million (c.i.f., 1971); escloding
U.S. military imports; machinery and Irv sport
equipment, fuels and Iill ricait ts, h,uu metals,
chemicals, and fertilizer
Approved For Release 2002/07/03 : CIA-RDP86T00608R000600100003-3
 Approved For Release 2002/07/03 : CIA-RDP86T00608R000600100003-3
Major trade partners: (exports - Japan, U.S.,
Singapore, Netherlun(h, Ilong Kong, Muhavsia;
imparts - J:(pun, U.S,, West Cernumv, U, R.; uhoul
I or Iess trade with Conununisl countries
Budget: receipts 811,321 million, e.epeod0ures
$1,581 utillion, deficit $263 ntillioe 20I' ntililarv,
8W(" c?iviliun
Monetary conversion rate: 2(1.11 Kahl = US$ 1
Fiscal year: I October - 30'ieptenuber
COMMUNICATIONS
Railroads: 2,382 tai. teeter gage; (iO mi. double
t rack
Ilighways: 12,591) nti.; 5,-1.10 mi. paved, 1,820 nti,
crushed stone or gravel, 2,330 earth and laterite
Inland waterways: 2,?185 mi. principal waterways;
2,300 mi, with navigable depths of ;3 ft. or inure
throughout the year; w nu?rous minor waterways
navigable by shallow-draft native craft
Ports: 2 major, 16 minor
Civil air: 26 major transport aircraft
Airfields: I(i9 total, 168 usable; 51 with
perm;un?ul-surface runways; II) with runways 8,(5)0-
11,999 It., 26 with runways 4,000-7,999 It.
DEFENSE FORCES
Military manpower: males I5-49, 10, 193,000;
6,205,01)0 fit for military service; about ?135,000 reach
military age (18) annually
Military budget: for fiscal year ending 30
September 1975, $111 million; 17'1 of central
government ho(Iget
LAND
22,0(5) sq. nti ; nearly uric-half is arable, under 155
c?ultivatcd
Land boundaries: 940 mi.
WA'I'EI(
Limits of territorial waters (claimed): 12 u. nti.
Coastline: 35 nti.
PI;OP1,1?
Population: 2,222,(1(10, averagu' annual growth rate
2.6Si (1/70-1/72)
Nationality: none-'Togolese (sing. h pl. );
adjective-'Togolese
Ethnic divisions: some to tribes; largest and most
important are h.sve in south an(I (;ahrais in north;
under I SS European and Syri:m-l,eb:utese
Religion: about 20' Christian, 5`.'i Muslim, 75`,'U
animist
L:urguage: I'ic;icl:, both official and l:uuguage of
comnu?re:?; major African languages arc l' vr' and
Mina in south and I)aguma, 'l'int, and Cabruis in
north
Literacy: 5"i to 105;
'.arbor force: over 90"; of population engaged in
subsislenc?r agriculture; about :;0,(N)(. wage earners,
evenhv divided between public and 1,rivate sectors
Organized labor: less than half of wage earners
divided among 2 major and several minor unions
GOVERNMENT
Legal name: Togolese Repmhlic
Type: re?ublie; under military rule since January
1467
Capital: Lone
Political subdivisions: I9 c?ircuntscriptions
Legal system: based oil French civil law and
custumwrv practice; no constitution; has act accepted
compulsory ICJ jurisdiction
Branches: military government, svith civilian-
donrinated cabinet, took over on 1.1 April 1967,
replacing provisional government created after
January coup; nc legislature; separate judiciary
including State Security Court c.;tablished 1970
Government leader: Maj. Cnassinghe I:yadenra,
President
Suffrage: universal adult
Elections: presidential referendum of January 1972
elected Cen. E,vadema for iudeii::ire period
Political parties: single party furined by President
E'adema in Seph'mlar 1969, 11asserublem ent
du
People T'ugolais, stroctore and stuffing of party closely
controlled I)%- government
Communists: no Communist Party; possihly sours
sympathizers
Member of: ACCT-, AFI)I3, EAMA, ECA,
ENTENTE, FAO. 113111), ICAO, 11.0, IMF, l'l'U,
OAU, OCAM, Seabeds Committee, U.N., UNESCO,
UPU, WI1O, WMO
Approved For Release 2002/07/03 : CIA-RDP86T00608R000600100003-3
 Approved For Release 2002/07/03 : CIA-RDP86T00608R000600100003-3
ECONOMY
GDP: $392 million (1973), about $I80 per capita;
estimated real growth 196(1-70, 5.3"I average :uuuaol
rate
Agriculture: mein cash crops - coffee, cocoa;
major food crops - yams, cassava, corn, beans, rice,
fish; most import sumo foodslulls
Major industries: phosphate 111: 111g, agricultural
processing, handicrafts, textiles, beverages
Electric power: 24,300 kw. capacity (1974); 74.4
million kw.-hr. produced (1974),:37 kw.-hr. per capita
Exports: $54 million (f.o.b., 1973); phosphates,
cocoa, coffee, palm kernels, att., cassava
Imports: $88 million (c.i.f., 1973); consumer goods,
fuels, ntachiuery, tobacco. foodstuffs
Major trade partners: mostly with franc(' and
other I-X: countries
Aid: 1970 disbursements - I-:once $2.3 million,
West Germany $2.0 million, U.S. $1.0 million; 15'59-
7:3 total comntitruents - EC $59.0 million, U.S. $21
million, U.N. $16(1 million, others $1.1 million;
China (1973) $45 million
Budget: 1974 est. revenues and expenditures, $67.7
million
Monetary conversion rate: Communaute Finan-
c?iere Africaine 216 francs=US$1 as of January 1975
(floating since I'ebruary 1973)
Fiscal year: calendar year
COMMUNICATIONS
Railroads: 275 mi. meter gage, single track
Highways: approx. 4,475 nri.; 415 mi. paved, 12(1
mi. gravel, 730 mi. improved earth, 3,210 mi.
unimproved
Inland waterways: section of Mono River and
about 30 rni. of coastal lagoons and tidal creeks
Ports: I major (Lome), I minor
Civil air: I major transport aircraft
Airfields: I I total, I I usable; I with pennanent-
surface runway 40)0-7,999 ft.
Telecommunications: Togo has poor system based
on skeletal network of open-wire lines supplemented
by a few radiocomnnmication stations; only center is
110111c; 6,1(81 telephones; 50,(X)0 radio receivers; 1
AM, no FM or TV stations
DEFENSE FORCES
Military manpower: males 1549,47-10)(); 244,08)
fit for military service; no conscription
Supply: most military materiel obtained from
France
Military budget: for fiscal year ending 31
December 1974 (revised), $6,926,404; 8.8% of total
budget
LAND
385 sq. mi. (ISO islan(s); 77i arable, 3`; pasture,
13"i forest, 3"i inland water, ?I"; other
WATER
Limits of territorial waters (claimed): !2 n. tni.
Coastline: 260 noi. (est.)
PEOPLE
Population: 97,0(8), average annual growth rate
2.6"1 (7/67-7/73)
Nationality: noun-'I'ongan(s); adjective-'Ion gas
Ethnic divisions: I'olynesian, about 300 Europeans
Religion: Christian; free Wesleyan (:hurchcl;finis
over 30,000 adherents
Language: 'l'ongart, E.uglislo
Literacy: 901-95"r; c?ornpttlsory education for
children betwccn ages of 6-14
Labor force: agriculhre 10,31)3; joining 599
Organized labor: unorganized
GOVERNMENT
Legal name: Kingdom of 'T'onga
Type: constitutional monarchy
Capital: Nukualofa
Political subdivisions: 3 stain island groups
('Tongatapu, Ilaapi, Vava~:)
Legal system: based on English law
Branches: Executive (King and Privy Council);
Legislative (Iegislative Assembly composed of 7
nobles elected by their peers, 7 elected representatives
of the people, 7 Ministers of the Crown; the King
appoints (Inc of the 7 nobles to be the speaker);
Judiciary (Supreme Court, magistrate courts, Land
Court)
Government leaders: King 'Iaufa'ahau Tupon IV;
Premier, Prince Tu'ipelehake (younger brother of the
King)
206
Approved For Release 2002/07/03 : CIA-RDP86T00608R000600100003-3
 Approved For Release 2002/07/03 : CIA-RDP86T00608R000600100003-3
July 1975
Suffrage: granted In all literate adults over 21 neat.
III age who Ii:uv taxes
Elections: held Imrcnninlly
Communists: nuns known
Member oft CononomvealtIt
ECONOMY
(:NPu $15 ntllliort (PY71), $1(iO per capita
Agriculture: largely dominated by coconut
production Willi subtiistencc crops of taro, Vans, sweel
polatnts, and bread fruit
Electric power: 2,0(H) kww, capacity (11)74); 6
rnllliun kw,-hr. produced (197.1), h2 kw.-hr. per capita
E.xportst $4.6 million (f.o.b., I'17.1); copra, cuconul
products 781(., b:utan:rs 9"i
Imports: $11.3 million ;c.i.f., PY74 ); food,
nuehinery
and petroleum
,
Major trade partners: (I"Y7.1) exports - 25'';
Religion: 16.81 I'rolcsl:utl, ;31.2'; Homan
Netherlands, 2246 Australia, 20''i New Zealand, I I
'
Catholic, 23' Ilinuln, (i' Musli,a, 131'; unknowvn
Nor vvav; imports-63,
i New %e:rlaod and Australia
Budget: (PY73 est.) revenues $6.1 million,
expenditures $7.0 million
Monetary conversion rate: I Tonga dol-
Language: English
Literacy: 89''i
lab:;r force: about 376,1OO (1973 est.). about
lar=US$1.31 (1975)
15.?1% agriculture, 18.7% mining, quarrying, and
Fiscal year: I Joly - 30 June
manufacturing, 16.7% ('onuntrcr; 16.2`.'; construction
COMMUNICATIONS
Railroads: none
Ilighwajs: 365 mi.; 132 rni. metal!cd all-weather
and utilities; 7.4'7i transportation
munications; 21.)3% services, 3.tifi other
Organized labor: 30''i of labor force
and
com-
,
233 mi. earth
Ports: 7 minor
Civil air: no major transport aircraft
GOVERNMENT
Legal name: 'I'rmidad and Tobago
Type: independent state since August
1962;
Airfields: 3 lotul: I usable, Willi grass rrurwav 7,0(N)
recognizes ElizahetIi II as chief of state
ft.; I seaplane station
Capital: fort-of-Sp;dn
Telecommunications: 1,090 telephones; I0,0()()
radio sets; no TV sets; I AM station
TRINIDAD AND TOBAGO
LAND
1,980 sq. Fill.; 41.91,' in farms (of which 25.7;
cropped or fallow, 1.5% pasture, 10.6"% forests, 4.1''i
unused or built-on), 5:3.14; outside of farms, including
grassland, forest, built-up area, and wasteland
WATER
Limits of territorial waters (claimed): 12 n. mi.
Coastline: 225 rni.
PEOPLE
Population: 1,013,000, average annual growth rate
1.3% (4/60-4/70)
Nationality: noun-Trinidadian(s), Tohagan(s);
adjective-Trinidadian and Tobagan
Ethnic divisions: 43% Negro. 40% East Indian,
i44fi mixed, 1% white, 2% other
Political subdivisions: 8 counties (29 wards,
'T'obago is 3001)
Legal system: based oil English cunuoton law;
constitution cute into effect 1962; judicial review of
legislative acts in the Soprena' Court; has not
accepted compulsory ICJ jorisdic'tion
Branches: legislative bra tuck consists of 36-nernber
elected Iluuse of Representatives and 24-nivinber
Senate (13 nOntinated by Prim' Minister, ?1 by
opposition leader. 7 at discretion of Governor
General); executive is cabinet led by the Prime
Minister; judiciary is Supreme Court
Government leader: Prime Minister, Dr. Eric
Williams
Suffrage: universal over age 21
Elections: last election 24 May 1971, PNM Soon all
seats
Political parties and leaders: People's National
Movement (PNM), Dr. Eric Williams; Democratic
Labor Party (DLP), Vernon Jamadar; United
Democratic Labor Party (UDLP), Alloy Lequay;
United National Independence Party, (UNIP) James
Approved For Release 2002/07/03 : CIA-RDP86T00608R000600100003-3
 Approved For Release 2002/07/03 : CIA-RDP86T00608R000600100003-3
Milirtle; I)rnmrratir Artinri (.Imit,%%(I)A(;), Ar11 lit
Napoleon Ravnumd Rnblnain
Voting strength (1971 election): :Q III' III
reglslered vot.is cast ballots, 83 7"' I'NM. Ili :1
other
Cornniunisls: not clgnillrunl
Other political pressure groups: Tapia Ilousr
Croup (hrvnied by IJovil Best I; Nullonal Youth
Congress (NY(3; Oillirld Workers 'I'nure Ilnion
(()W'I'1 pro-Morsisl I.adershili; Notional Joinl
Action Committee (NJA(;), :mligovernna?Ilt, is-
Irimist orgmiiz:tlon, Notion,d Union of I'rredonu
Fighters (NIIFF). small ,uili?governrnent guerrilla
organizali'in; Moiled ltevolulionarv Organization
(11110), Marxist-Iid amalgam
Member of., (;A11I(;OM, CnnunnnweallIi, (:A'I"1',
111111), ICA0, II)11, IMF, OAS, Seabeds (:utnniitt.e,
(I,N., International Coffee Agrerno?nt
ECONOMY
(:DP: $1,180 million (1973), $1,218) per capita; real
growth rate 1973, 5.0"; 1st.
Agricultu;c: one iii crops _-. sugarcane, cocoa,
coffee, rice, cirrus, bananas; ,' irguly dependent Ilion
imports of food
Fishing: ('at(4 3,977 metric Ions (1972); vxpurts
$1.0 million (1971), imports $2.6 million (1971 )
Major industries: petroleum, tourisin, food
processing, err, cent
Electric power: 33.108) kw. capacity (1972); I.3
hillio, kw.-hr. produced (1972), 1,39(1 kw.-hr. per
capita
Exports: $(383 million (Lo.b., 1973); petroleum and
petrulemn products ($354 million), sugar. cocoa
Imports: $768 million (c.i.f., 1973); crude
petroleumn (5:389 million` rnachinen, fabricated
metals, transportation ugutpnu?11t, manufactured
goods, food
Major trade partners: (excludes trade under
petroleum agreement) exports - U.S. 371. U.K.
11%, CARIFTA 215';; imports - U.S. 34";, U.K.
23%, CARIFTA 105; (1972)
Aid: economic - from U.S. (1'Y56-73) $29 million
loans, :340 million grants; from international
organizations (FY553-73). $110 million
Monetary conversion rate: floating with pound
sterling: in May 1974, T?1'$2.(X3=US$1
Fiscal year: caleri' ..; year
COMMUNICATIONS
Railroads: none
Highways: 4,200 mi.; 25(X) mi. paved, 1,7(X) mi.
gravel or otherwise improved
Pipelines: crude oil, 270 mi.; refiner) products, 12
rni.; natural gas, 130 mi.
I'ortsr :1 major II'4111 it tip,un, I:h:1i!n;nunwr Ilai,
1'411111 'I'rnibl.ulrn,l1, li 11011111
Civil airu 15 nwloi transport uirci oll
Airfields: 8 blot, li imilrlr, I sslllt peuruun?nl
snriure 1111mm'%. I with runssus 8,(N)I) ii,1I91) It . 2
with rnnwuss I,(N)(1 7,999 It , 2 seupiam? slallnns
I'eleconunur,ieulions: rserl1e111 lnlrrruelionul
service situ Ifoluusphrrir''tiller links III It,nlsitlo' aunt
(;uyan:l; guorl lov.11 srrviur, s:teilty i!rnnnd statlou.
(1708) Ielephonrs, ((81,0(8) radio arid ?)30(NNI 'I'\'
receivrn; 2 AM, 2 FM, and :1 'IV stations
DEFEINSE F'O1t(;1?;S
Military manpower: nudes I S 411. 252,IHH), 178,11(N)
lit Inr military srrvirr
Supply: mostly bore 11 K
LAND
634100 sg. mi 28 i ur,ible land and In r crops, `?:1'i
range and esparto grass, (3'; forest, 43" desert, write
or urban
Land boundaries: 875 mi.
WATER
Limits of territorial waters (claimed): 12 n. mi
(fi';h;ng. 12 n. mi. exclusive fisheries zone follmv, the
50-miler isohath for part of the coast, maxin:uin (35 it.
rni. )
Coastline: 710 mi. (includes offshore islands)
PEOPLE
Population: 5,77608), average annual growth rate
2.40 (7/73.7/7.1)
Nationality: noun-Tunisian(s); adjective-
Tunisian
Ethnic divisions: 98"; Arab. 1% European, Tess
than 1% Jewish
Approved For Release 2002/07/03 : CIA-RDP86T00608R000600100003-3
 Approved For Release 2002/07/03 : CIA-RDP86T00608R000600100003-3
July 1975
Ileligtun: !I'I', \1u??Iirn. I', I llri'.ti:rn. I'. Ir%%i?.II
language: Afill oil lollit i;ll). AI,Ih{. it ill I I trn#I,
(cunnrtl-n'r l
I.ilrracy: nhrlhlt :II)'1Labor form: I I nl{Iliun, 1.'i', ;Iglictill 11rl-, 14'.
III 11ulurl11rint; uhf (rrtlstrllrlilfi. 11.1111 "fill
I{11111111. .4', Irunspnrl;ainn, r.ntlouuiralion?., ;Intl
ul{1{lirs. ,'; tnininl;. 25', nndrn n1p111srrl. shlltagr? of
%killl-ol I.,IIIIt
Organirrd labor: II)', III I.I1,11I hmc. G1,111-I'll
01111111 111 ?Iunisiall \\'nrkrr?. I('(:'II'). %nhnrrlie,llr In
I )rslouri:ul Sol( (ulisl I'11111
COVERNMKNT
IJegal rratne: Republic 411 '111111st11
Type: n?pfihlic
Capital: '1'11111s
Political subdivisions: I. );11srnluralr% Ipnoiure%:
Legal syslrtn: h:lsrd on 1'renrh clsd 1411% %N%trtrl
and 10L1111ic low; coll. ilulion p.rttrrnrd 1111 'Pinkish
and (I S con%Itlnliolls adopted 195!1, sunlr j idi( i,ll
tl?yll?%s (If II?);I %I:ItI%'r? :hits ill fill- 5111)10-1110- (:ollrt 111 joint
sr%stnn. Ir)1,111 r/luratinn at Imltlulr Ill Iligher Slullir%
and Kroll- Sill rrirlill- d0- I)roit /f till- t'ni%r1%oI% 111
'lun{S. ho% not accepted; cfill pulsorv 1( :1 jurisdiction
Branches: rsrculivr donlinanl, unil?,ltnrt:ll
Iegislalisr I,ll);rly advisor, judici,ll, p.lltrrnrd on
I??rrnrh %v%tvin and Koranic 1,1w
Government leader: l'residrnt Il ll)ilr 1lrutrl;uthu,
Prime .Blister Ile(h Nuuira
Suffrage: univeral over age 21
Elections: notional elrctinns lurid rare' 5 s,?an, lust
elrelio11s 2 Nosrnlhl-r 197-1
Political party and leader: I)rslouri,tn Socialist
fatty. Ilab{h ltnurguilw
Voting strength (1974 election): IM"; I)eslouri,l:1
Socialist farts
Communists: 109 fist , if few symp:llhirrr%,
Tunisian Corntnuni%t 1'arh proscribed in I!Xi2
Member of: Arab I.ragur, K(: (association until
1974). FAO. IAKA, 113111). 1(:A0. IDA, IF(:, ILO,
IMCD, IMF, 1.1.11, DAU, Seabed. (:ommittrr, t' N
UNESCO, tll'U. \\'11D, \\'MO
ECONOMY
CNP: $3 (1 billion ( 1974 v%t. ). $5311 per capita.
IO.(i average armual gr(r%lb rate 1970.72
Agriculture: cereal farming and livestock herding
predominate; main crops - wheat, harles. oli%r%,
fruits (especially citrus), viticidtur', vegrlahles, date%
Major sectors: tourism, mining, Food processing.
textiles and leather, light manufacturing, construction
materials, chemical fertilizers, lwtrolrum
1?:lr('tric power: TOOK) l a u .11LU i1 s I l ll i 11 41111
millinll k%% lit 1rrrnIwr'rl (1410-1. 1711 1,N% lit It, I
I Ipi lit
1{xporlsl $7.11 Inilli"ll (I n I.. 111711. :'1+'
prltulrnul. W. pllnsphnlr 211', 1111%,- Ioil
Imports) $111,1.11 rnillilm I. i I . I47 I1. :111': I.I%%
malrltal%. ."1', 111x1 h{nrrs old rllniI'mrIII. I I',
11111?.11111.1 );unds. I4', Iurnl :11111 hr%rt?1);rs, T. r?1lIy1
:)'; other
Major trade partnerst rsplltt?. 11.:111 .? 14', . 11:11%
I!1',, Crttnans IT, . 1.111111 II)'. , hnllutt?.
I'r.uo?r :III',. Itala 11'. , \\'0-'.1 (:11111:1111 7"
11!1711
Monrlnrv conversion fair: II 13'1 41111.11 - I ?Stlt1
(It..nlr t.111-1
Fiscnl sear: r,llrnd,ll %,-;It
COMMUNICATIONS
Railroads: 1.271 tilt . 3M 111i ct,I?ul.Inl );age
I I'M':?"1, d4)11hlr )Nil It:{ t11rlrr 1;ogr (:1 1 1
highways: I $.1911) nu . 1.771) nil No%Ils
htlununnus Irrwlnn?nt, 1.,4:15 till 1;1.1511 and l'rushrd
5111111. 1.125 mi itnlrr11srd r,1r111. 1.1(1 lui
unimpt I%r?( I earlll
Pipelines: crndl- nil. 14)5 fill . rrI:nrd prullnr1%. Ii
till . Inltllr:ll )Ohs. 15 rill
forts: 4 111,1911 ( liiiellr. 'I utu%, ti.11,up%, Sus,Ill1, 1$
Illinnr
Civil air: 11 111x9111 tr.1n')Hnt uur+?r,Ilt
Airfields: 62 t11a1. To nsahlr. I I %%1111 prn11:ull'i t
s11rfacr? run%%.IVS, 2 %%tlh 1111155:115 SINN)-I I.4N14 It . I))
%%fill 111115.1%% -I,(XX) ;,!1!!!) It , I wilpl,un?'.1,110111
Telecommunications: tiff- %5str?ni is :Ih1%(? IIn?
Afric?,ul avrr:lgr ill ;)mount Auld r?:11r.1cit' 1f facihtirs
55hic?h ennsisl elf oprtl?NIf(' lit11?s 55ttll 111111tic(IIud111111
cable or radii tf-h% 1111 Trunk mules, ke% cl-nlrrs ere
Safaois. Susnll, Bi/erte, and 1,11111%. %.3(X)
101(X55) radii and 5(100 '1 \' n?crtsers, :1 A M. :1 1- %1,
and 7 TV statiom, 2 suhnuuile (' dile%
DEFENSE FORCES
Military manpower: in,llrs 15 19, 1, 17h,(NN1,
515,(559) fit for military %rn'ICe, al/on1 61,0(X) reach
nlililars age (20) annuall%
Military budget: for fiscal sear ending :1I
I)ecrrrrlc?r 197.1, -VI-MNX)?(XN). lie, of total brldgrt
LAND
2%,((X) %(l rni.; 35?6 cropland, 251; meadow' and
pa%lute%, 23Pr forested, 17% other
land boundaries: 1,6(0) nli.
Approved For Release 2002/07/03 : CIA-RDP86T00608R000600100003-3
 Approved For Release 2002/07/03 : CIA-RDP86T00608R000600100003-3
J ills It17;,
UU,B.A,
W'ATI':II
I.intils of territorial water% (clailovil): It it till
rsrrpl in ItLn k 4".I shin it Is I 11 fill 1111hiin;. I2 n
,1li 1
(;oasllinr: 1 175 fill
PEOPLE,
Population: ..114?INNI, .ISrr.lgc .1 fill 11.41
ralr? 2 T; If fit rt rat I
Nationality: nuun 'lurk(s), ulict list- I urktsh
Elhnic?divisions:!Ill'; Iurktsh, 7'7" Kunl,'I', oilier
ItrliKinn: .alt', \luslinl (nol.lls iunniI. I', nth""
(moslls (:hrish,Ill ,unl JI tt lull
I.anKuage: I nrkish, Rnrdl.h, :\r Iblr, I;nghJl
l.iterac?y:.1
Labor force: 1:1.4 milbnn, 64', .1)'rlc1111mr, Ili',
industry, Ili' srr.Ii,, solnt.uth.11 shnrt,tl'r nl ski11r1I
lab.:". ample un.killrd labor
Orkanit.d I,ilM,r: II)'. nl I.,lnn hoer
GOVERNMENT
L4Kal name: I3lylublic of 'fnrkrs
Type: republic
Capital: Ankara
Political subdivisions: 1i; pros 111crs
I.rKal system: drris'd frrtm sariuus rnntinrnl.Il
lrgal usstrins? ssit h renula,1ls of IsIa11lic I:1St
constitution adoph?d Iill; I . Iuthclal It?sit s.. 11I
Iegislalise acts 11% (:unstitIll Iona I (:411111, Irgdl
rduc:llittn at t tuisrrsitirs of Aokara and lstanbnl.
accrphcotnpulsurs' 1(') iuriscliclion, 667th rl?srrsatiuns
Branches: )'rrsi(Irnt rlrcled b% parliament, Trio(",
NIinislrr aplxdnted by Prrsidrot frunl nmmlH?rs of
parliament; Prime Minister is eflrcltsr? vsrculisr,
cabinet, %elected Ifs Prime \lioistrr and approvetl hs
f'msid,?nt, most t?(Inun:utd majoril% sopIHtrt in Ioarr
house; parliament hic:uneral under t?(mslitutinn
prottlulgated in I!MiI; National Assentbls bus ?I+tO
tnrrnhers serving ?1 %car%. Senate has IN) elected
14-
I If . 1I I I I tl1it11 , 1,41111 1 1% , sr:u?. I',
., p1111 I I I 11'11 bs III. I't,~il If 111 1'.1, s".Ir I. IIII'? Ii1111 1111 I II
.11,11?iIf l,'1I rs"rs If s"If c.I :n111 I's Ill,, In, till., 1, Illl:lu0
I,ull Int ,,,,limns 1 linlin.l1 :11111 , isil 1 is, I?. ( milt ,I
ss Ili, It Illw..lllpr:Il% Ilin111% It?In 1 IiIIIi11.11
nnun"n 11 I1:1?.i1 .unl 1Nn11 1 hurls
(:osr?rrnnrot traders: I'll a,l,Ill I ubli Anlnlnik.
I'diot' \liui??t"t tinl,snl.ul Ih'nrlr.I I,,'ud? Inn" 11.1116
n.illl inn l'n s"tin tilt III
Sollragr: I111i(1 1".11 1.%. 1
I'Ieclbtns: tiahWLd 1??'?rnlhls .11111 41 r,.ll,' I I { , I
-,Pitt'. t. lit'11111111, :III I'rnlllt' I'.IIts %%..II .1 111111.1I1ts
( 1, loin'( 1'li 1, I'Ir?-nIf?uli.Il ( 1114111
Political parties and traders: In}111r farts III'
tiulrt nl.ul D1 I11i1?1. Itr11'11,lir.111 I'rn11I" s I'.uts MIT),
Itnl"nl 1.1f.% t. Ili nln"t.It Pants 11)1'1, I "Ill" II../I11?t 11,
I("II111111,.111 It"11.11411? I'.uls (11t1' , 111111.111 I''snnl'lu,
\..11imia1 .\I inn I'.Irts INA l'I ,\111.,r.lun Inpkts.
\ailnll l'.Irl% (,;P)('tlll% P.11t.. 1 I'I'I. \tu??t.1l.1 I Illlls1,
l ntn,1u11u0 1'.111% lilt 'g.11 N.Ihnnal I'.Irls
ti41'I \""1111 IIuI I'111.Ik.nl
Communists: ?Irrnl'll1 .11141 '.11111111"1 11rt'In'ililt'
other politbeal or pressure Kroups: nulll,.rs In,,iil
Irsign,lltoo nl I)1'Inlml gnsrnlt,1rnl Ill M.114 If 111; I
.1,111 t"tn.nlr. In InlIn,'1111.11 hoar 111 I'nsrnllnt'nt
!1lrnrhrr of: ('I?.NI ( ) (:mint If 111 1':nnlpr, I ( :
I .is'',' l lr m"oil""). 1'1 (ISO(. IA(, 1;\ I': \. 111111),
I(A11. II)\. If(:. 11111. i\tlO, 1\11. I11'.
N,'Y1. (11':( 1). Itrt!lun.ll (Awpul'ill"ll foil
t,1r?nt, \u.1111-,IN ('onunill,?r. (' \ , t'Nh'.\l:0. 1'I'l,,
\1'111), \\'\IO
ECONOMY
GNP: S30 S billion (11171). ?77(1 put ralril,l, 1)(11,
J%vr.n'1? uunlal oval )".alb 17 1, li 7 , asrr.Ige
ulnnal t,.11 I'II lh '1972
Agric?ullurr- m.un Ilrnlllll't% rntloll. Inbarr41,
l'rrr.lls, sllg.lr I11'1?Is, Milts, tills, :11111 1161.41 n('k
prrnlurts. self sulhclrrlt I,1 fiNNI In .41rr,Igr sr.lrc, 2,4(KI
(.tutors put alas pet c.llnta ( N72 )
Major industries: Irstilr., food pnH'rs.inl;, mining
)coal, clironute. copper, boron ,1u,1,?ralsl, slit-I.
lullro!ulnn
Crude steel: 12 nulhmi ion. prlslncrd (1)1;3), :3(1
kilogr.lms per 1?aplla
Electric power: :3.242,IKKI kss capacils ( 1!1731,
12:1 billion kss -hr puHlu(r1111(1 3), 212 kss -hr pct
capita
Exp,lrts: $1million (I to If . 197-1), cutl41n.
t,,hacco. fruits. nuts, metals, Iisrslock prixlucts,
testily. and clothing
Imports: $3.777, million ((,I f . 197-0; nlachinrrs?
trarlslw,rt e(luipowitt. metals, nlinrnll fuels, fertiliit'rs?
chctuicafs
Approved For Release 2002/07/03 : CIA-RDP86T00608R000600100003-3
 Approved For Release 2002/07/03 : CIA-RDP86T00608R000600100003-3
)Irk I91.
!1lafor Irpll. pptllrrm 1 tpoll?. 11'1?.1 1.11111.111\
I' . I' 1, ti'IiI/IIl;lnll')'. I1:,1s 0',, in1111111?.
\1'r1t 1:11n1:uIs 1')', 1' ti I.".. I' h I I'. It:11s 1 {
ISullyrir I I 1 I I 11s I I I %-I Itill Inillilnl
(II udil'.rr?. 1'l '1111 oillliun, 111111 i1'1 11111 111il1i'm
Monrlarv rlltwt?rainn talc: 1111 I olki?11
I'ti111 I1 lilt.tilI
Fiscal arar! I \1.11, 11 "A I-f 11;61%
IMMItNI(:A'1IONS
Railroads! lilt ?111'1'1 rill 1'4' V.;Igf- '44) fill
(1mlLlr 11:11 L. 15 lilt tic l lrilild, 'O lilt ' it -- y:Iyl
Ilighways: 37"'S" till . 1:1,11111 lilt 161111111111111?.
17.3114 till )!1,lsr1 111 I fil.hrd 011111?, 1, 1"r l Ills
nllplils111 roll ll, 1, .'4' fill 11111111pI11srd :.fall
Inland walrrwass: 1lppolt I R74) fill
l'iprlinrs: 1 I11111 lid. I0' nil . If 1nr1I pr 'uln' 1.
.'71 tilt
forts: 111 t11.11of. li lninilr
Civil air: !. 111.1)1,1 Ir.u11p1111 .utir,111 lfill lndolt'
It .1%1,(l 1iln1 .1 111rrltf11 I IIunlrs 1
Airlirldt: I III I111a1. 1(11 u1.Illlr, ttit1,
Itrnn.Inl?nt'IlliatI, rlnllt:ltl, ;1 %%fill rllntt.ltl ilsrr
1:,(M)() 11 , 11 sstth nnnt.n. M,(NMI I1,1)1)1) If .'I shill
rnnst :ls. 1,(MM) 1,1111'1 If , 2 sr,ll'lam. fLlllnll.
I'clecomrnunicalinns: rsc(.llrnl inlrnl,Iliiln:Il and
lilt dornr.itt Irlrconununiratinn .rIf 111., 47:),(X)1
Irlephonr., 1 :1 tnlllinn radio .still (I)(1, ((MI V%
11111111., II) :I\(. 'I I \1, and 2(1 ?1?V .I.Ilion'
DEFENSE FORCE.S
Military manlxlwer, nlalr. I.i 10,11 I.M1.
1.474,0)1 fit (fir Iniltt:lrt v-%I(-(-. ,hoot 1211,IMM) )1,11
nlilltars age (2(1) annuaIl
Military budget: 11rup11.rd for list?.tl s r:lr rudity 2.1%
l1.1rua:1 I!)7(i, $1,(1:(7 million, a1ou1 ''I' of
pr11IN/t1'II (?l'rfI raI K( 1% 1? f 11111' I I I Ill If Iget
LAND
')I,IMNI s(I fill 121`1 inland silt:: and su:11111) inlluding territorial slater% of Lake Victoria, about
21 t?ullivatrli. 1:11, national parks, forr.t, and g:unr
r(srr%c%. ?1:)'i forrsl, s(141111and, and grassland
land boundaries: iii
PEOPLE
Population: II,319,(NM), average annual grussIll
rate 3 ?Ir; (current)
Nationality: noun-Vgandanls); adjvctiVr-
I'gandan
Ethnic divisions: 9416 African. 1% Enrolwan.
Asian, Arab
lirligion:.1111111 1,11', noiti,Il.flls ( If'ol'ol. i'? 111',
\111.11111, It?'1 .1111111111
languagr: I,111, , 1'?11 lIfIl l.l) I n)..unla .11111 1 s,111h
sslllrlt 1R1?li, 1111111 II:111111 .11111 tilll,llr 1,1111!11.1)!1'1
I.itrracs :.11m11 2))', I11'.
Ialrter for(?r: 1.1un.11rd 1 'f nnllnn. .,f stllirll
.11111111 :'t11,IM11) Ill p.1141
a 1 Ifs 111:1
Organir(?d lahor: 1270)(K) II111ilt1 nn n111Is
COVERNMEN'1?
Legal natnr: Ih?po1hl ill I ?u.1n11.1
Type: 11'pu111 In11/111n1I.nl sinrr Ol'1111r1 I!Ni2
Capital: K.1m11.Ila
Polilir?al suhtlivisions: I(1 ptn'.111(1?.'llol :{1 dislncls
l.rgaI system: 11.lsrd nn I':11r:ILll tilnttnnn L.s :Ind
tu.tilnlart LIS, coo%lllnllnn adoplyd I!Ni-I pl:lrnl
Itosrnunrnl fill(,% de%policalls, has inlinlid,llrd
j111111 1,11 offit la . .1114 has nt,nlr tilnsUlnlinn of no
lon.rllnrnlI-, Irg.II rdu:alion at \1.Ikrrrr,' t'nisrr.ils,
Ratnp.ILl. .11(rp1. Iompnl.ors I(:) juri.(littnfn. silll
r ru?1Yalio11.
Branches: (:rn \nlin rill(,. Ifs tlrrrrr, a%sislyd In
(:ounlll of \I1111.1(,r. and I)rirn.r ( :1111111 il..1 group of
rtlililan ofh:(,t.
Government leader: (:(,n [(If Amin, I'n'sidrnt
Suffrage: Inlicrrsal :Id1111
Elections: 1111111 scftrdulyd hs ntililarl gosrrrun('nl
Political parties: non:
Communists: po.silh a If-s% ssmpathiirn
Menncer of: Al l)II, (: iltnnlilnssralth. 1':A(:, IAI?:A,
ICAO, IIA). OAI', Sraflyds (:onunittrr. I' N
II NI':S(:). WIRY
ECONOMY
CDP: 31,115;3 million I P47:31 at 19(1(1 priers. $I(X)
per capita; 1'r Trill growth iehsren 1972 and 1973
Agriculture: main cash crops - coffee, c itlun;
other Cush crops - sugar, luhacco, Ica, fish. livestock;
st?If?sufficirnt in I(1t)(1
Approved For Release 2002/07/03 : CIA-RDP86T00608R000600100003-3
 Approved For Release 2002/07/03 : CIA-RDP86T00608R000600100003-3
p
1'ialririg: , .,1, li I .11,1444() rn lei, (uric I I11i 11 9,'Ii '
million I Ict; I 1
Major ind'nirlrai ur.ri, uilural Innrr''iII1 Ilrslilr
?.711!:11. r 1-111e, 111% %N 111,,1 III rr I I 11114.111, 1 ?Ig,r'r V II1,lll I
nervy,:,I, ,I inn, %Irr I I Oro, ?.. Irrliliri?r
I'.lretrie power: ,' I1 (4(4(1 kss , apa, it i 114'7 11, 41)41
millin11 kss 111 Inudn,,?,11 Ill,; 11. 'ill kss hr per 1 apila
1';s airs.: 944711 nnllhnl (1 o h , 11 6 I(. 1 111 Irv, 4 1111, oil
r,ipprr, Ira,, 9I l 1 million to ( nnonoUisl rnnlitII' .
1!1'7 1)
Imporla: 9I1a1 11111111 II 117'11, (n?llIll- rrnr
pnnlu, Is lira, 11111)1%. rnl!,m pirrI, go od%, rfirI,Il'.
Ir:uisporl rIiurlrrn,?rrl. $C4(:I Irrillirrlr Iinlti C.nomnmi''t
cnnelri, I Iri'i I 1
A , l' S , Krnsu 1I ',,anda.
Major Trade partners: I
Kr11sa, mil I,ov.oii:i Inns I'.asl Ahic.r,' I(conomtc
Cn11unn11tls 1
Monetary conversion rate) 7 113 I )P I(Id,1 %lul
)iii -1'`91
Fiscal year I Jnls
,,:OMMIINI(:ATIONS
Ilailrnads: 70(,4) fill , all 11o?Irl 'iny,h' Irack
Ilighways: 11,310 fill Int, 1, I,2(K) till hluniiIIous
'.alter Irr.clno?o1, 111.130 fill cros11rd %lnnr, graved.
la6'r111?, mil t111p1osrd ladle, 2(1.()4)4) rni uninipro%r?cl
earth n,ad% and Ir)1k'.
Inland waterways: Iake Vil'IfIIia, Lake Alhrtl,
Lake Ksog,r, I'A'' (:corge..11111 I.,ikr IGhvanl (6,111(1
mi ), Ka-fr?ra lii%rr .rn11 Victnti;i Nil(- (341) nil
Civil air: Ii major tai:;sport : ircrall
Airfields: :11) t01.i1, IS n 1141'. 3 'situ l)?unam'r11
'.urfac?e rnnss,ns. I ..7111 runssas osrr 1'2,1)()4)11. 2 ssilh
ronsvass 4,()4)4) 11.4411 It . 12 with runsvuw 1,()4)4)
7,11441 ft ? :1 a?apla,1r stations
Telecommunications: telephool. and If-11-graph
srrvic(-% fan, inlen?ity ciIimecliom hase(l mi :1 or 12
channel carrier systems; :11,2()41 Irlrphonr'.; 275,1)4)4)
radio and 174,(1()4) TV mc1?i%vrs, 2 AM, fill I AI. and (i
'I.V '.tiitiom
DEFENSE FORCES
Military manpower: males 13-49. almoit 2,:149,()4)4),
about 1,391,()4S) fit for military service
Military budget: for fiscal scar ending :31) June
1972, $117 million, I(i 6"1 of total budget
LAND
8,(i(X),(XK) s(1. 1ni.; 9.3`'; cultivated, .17.11'C' forest
and brush, 2.6"~ urban, industrial. arid trapsportatinn,
I6.11% pasture and natural hay land, 3-1.2% desert,
swamp, or waste
Land boundaries: 12,595 [Ili.
loly 1117;1
W ATE It
i.irnils of territorial waters (claiuu?d): I.: 11 rill
(:oastlioe: 2!1,()4441 nil (incI S,iklialilfI
1'1?:01'1.
Population; 211,6i4,IN111, asrra-,r :,non,,) {,n,sstli
r.,1)' I', (curt-rill
Nationality: noon Sosicl(sl, udjrrlise Snsnl
I;Ihnit divisions: 74'. Shrvic, 26'; ,1111oni,'o,1n? 17(1
ethnic gro,1p'.
Religion: 71r. ,rthrisl, I4'. Hessian Orthodos, !)',
1110111,1, :1', oilier
languag:?: olorr 111,111 21)4) Iaogwigrs am, dl:drrls
(al least IS ssilh 111nrl? than I million spr,ikrr.l, 717'.
S1,1sic gnorii. i l ' , other Imlo-1'.uroprarr, I I', All,lic,
:3''. 1'rali,oi. 2" C:na?a'.i:,1i
Literacy: IN :1', fit popnl :ion (airs 9-1!1)
labor force: civilian 121) million (1971), 27'.
agricnltitrc, 7:1'.;? ioelu?.tt% and other non-mvicullor:ll
held., unrolplosrd not rupor1etI. shortage ill skilled
labor reliortcd
GOVERNMENT
legal nano: I Iio11 of Soviet Socialit Hi-publics
Type: (:omrnuni'l state
Capital: 1lnscrrs
Political subdivisions: IS union n?puhlit?.. 20
aotonntnom republics, (i kravs, 120 oblusls, and S
autnfionll,m o1)1:151'
Legal system: ''it'll law system as modified by
Corli,1luni'.t legal theon; coustitutioll adopted 1936,
fin judicial review of Iegislativ(- acts; I(-gal education
at IN universitiv% and 4 lase institutes; has not
accepted compulsory I(:J 91iisdir'tton
Branches: Council of Ministers (executive),
Supreme Soviet (legislative), Supreme Court of
U.S.S.R. (judicial)
Government leaders: Leonid I. ItreAtiev, General
Secretary of the Central Committee of the Communist
Approved For Release 2002/07/03 : CIA-RDP86T00608R000600100003-3
 )oily 197. Approved For Release 2002/07/03 : CIA-RDP86T00608R000600100003-3
I' S..S.If .!('N11'F;I) Ali AIf 1?:AIIIfAI' S
1',ul\, AIrk.r. N l.o.\Kln (h:litman ..I Iii I 1.1111111
of .Ilnl.trl.. Nlkola\ \' I'migorn\ N. I Iulilltn111 ill Ilu,
1'tr:illilnn 111 Illy It Supo nlr So\ o-l
Sullragrt ,rliVrr.,d fivrl 111!1 IN. dim11, 4i111,11
I,I(linnst to Snplrrnr'uvi11 1 .1n I \rar.. 1.517
drpnllr. cart 14-11 in I117 I. 'i;! l.'. pail. nnvmIl?r.
Political parties and It'"flefs! (:rlnrrnuni.l !',Ill% of
Jill- S11vl4-1 (1filuu (I:I'till) nnh 11,11ly prtllliltrll
VotIng shrnglh (11170 rlrctifin): I17,111
!11.1.4111. iVrt IN, rlltitnrli !I!11141 .Iltl'd
Comrf-unistst I.5,t1191,(NN) 1141.11 mrnlbrls
(Ilhrr 111OLOt'al or prrssur(? groups: I.41tm,1m411.
Iradr nnium, and rrlhrr nlKunlznliun. \.hirh Iacililal4-
:ummunlsl cnntr41l
Mrmher Jill I %I A, (:??n-% a 1)1.,lrlln11111.111
('nnlrrence, IAI';A, I( :A0. II,O. I%I(:U, I'I'I',
Srabrds (:utnJill IIc(, 11 N . IINIC`.(,1). I'I'l1. \\',Ir,,a\.
Pact. \\'IIO. \\TtU, IIIli v1?t.aI('up.if );h!':ill .rnliuu
Agriculture: principal food crolm l" 1.1111
(c.prc( ll?' uhf-at), putalm.%. 111,611 intln.tti,ll crop.
.Ilg:1t I ., it. \1111IIo%%1.1., ,11111 Ila t , III?g~rl?1' 111 .1.11-
vllficirJir. Ilrpt?ml. on fIuctualiutl' ill c nup viral!.,
given nnnnal .irld., 1' S S It i..uIf-.ulfit will, caloric
intake. 1,(KXI3,2(NI caloric% per day per c.ipila lit
If-1'1-Ill .1?llr.
Fishing: inch 9,1 million moth ton. ( 1!(7.1);
r.Ixltts 2(30 1 Ihou.,uld metric Ion. ( I971), import.
I,, ll thousand tnrtric toil. ( 1972)
Major indoatries: divpr.ified. highly dt?.elopt?d
c?apilal guilds industries, consumer goods indu.lriv%
comparati.?(IV Irs% developed
Shortages: natural rubber, bauxite :Ind aluntin,t,
(atutalunl, lie, and tungsten
(:rude steel: ! :-: million metric toil (,tpacil\ asof I
januarv 197.1 1313 million metric ton% produced in
1973, 52(1 kilograim per capita
Exports: $27,:,111) million (I h , 197.1); furl.
(particularly ;Ielrnleunl and derivaliVrs), nu?tals,
agricultural products (timber. grain) and a .Vide
Variety of naafi' actum( I good. (Ili Ina riI% capita I
goods)
Imports: $21,M(X) million (I o.h . 197.1); specialized
and c'unlplex machinery and eyluplnent, textile fiber.,
c?umumrr rnatiuFaclures, and any significant shortages
in (Intnr.tic production (for vxatnplr, \%Iwat imported
fo:lowing Ixmr dufnestic harvcsh)
Major trade partners: $52 billion (1')71); trade
519 with Conlfnunist cvlunlrirs, ,31'?'3 ..ith in(Iustrial-
ized Wcst, and I. Vi with It.s cle%elope(I c'cnmtries
Ufllciai rnnnrtarl o f f rail, 1 II lull!!
fickle.-1''111. I rt1l.Ir -1",1iI 1:!111, 1;\Intl I'i .',I
Ilsc111 Vol At! 1 .IIrIf 1:1. \c,tt
COMMUNICA1 IONS
Itallflla(Iv !11..'1,1 no . 1111,11'11 fill bn,,Id
1.201 Jill n,nru\\ ,;1.p? I6.4,IN6I fill proud t iI',? tihll!Ir
Inn'k. 21,411:1 fill 1?lrclrihid, dire', nut Irlclfidr
indu+lriui line, ( 197 1)
111ghway.: Slt,,71u0 rill , Ili 1fill 11:154 -11.
:1119,7 Ill fill I't,lc4-1, ( fu.h4-41 .lurl4-, I!1').7.5:! fill
imltrncrli fir unhnpo,ved earth 1111;:11
lnlanl: watrrw(Yst 411,1)1111 rill 11.1\igabh . 1 .rlu.i'.
of (;a.Irl.t 1 Sra (Ill7:r)
Pipelines: rnuir Ill. :9) )4N) fill . triifird plodoct.,
(3,1(11) rill , natltnll Ke?, -Ob,(KW) fill
forts; li: major (Ino%t implnt.olt I.4-fiingtad,
Mufituol.k. (-dt..a, Nn.41n1..i\sk, Ilirhev.k. \'ladivu-
.Ink, Nukhodku. Arkhau14-1'4, It1y,u, '1'ulliit n,
'ftdhlinglad, I.irp,tiii, \'rnl.ltil., NIkula\4-V. Srv,t..
Iopu11, 111) .4-1rt?le11 In{n?rt ( 197,,)
Freight curried: rail 3XII It nlillinn Omit Inn..
2,1'21.1 billion .hurl loo fill ( 1!)73), hi1?,h\\:1\v 21
billion shlltt tuft.. -11:16 billion .ltllrt lnrt/ttti ( 1971).
wulrr\.t15' 197 '2 million .hurl Ion., 111 2 billion
.hurl tutu 'mi (I972-)
Airfields: over :1.280 tutu!, 581 \.ilh pcrrrlanenl
.urfut?1? run\\a\., :i(I stills tnn\sa'.% u.rr 12,(111(1 fl., 137
with run\V,1\. 8,(1110 11,999 It , 7(31 \\tlh rfin\.aV.
I,(11X1-7.999 It
LAND
32,(X)0 sq. mi.; almost all desert, waste or urban
Approved For Release 2002/07/03 : CIA-RDP86T00608R000600100003-3
 Approved For Release 2002/07/03 : CIA-RDP86T00608R000600100003-3
July 1975
I'N1'I?I':1) AIIAll I':f4lINA'i'I S/(INII'Ei) KIN(:1)'IM
Land boundaries: ti%O nil (doe'. not Inelud)
bonail.utrs between ,dl;,, lilt 11 r\ I'; slides)
WATER
1.1n-ils of territorial waters (claimed): ;1 It lot lilt
ill 'lute', cscepl Shutjah (I.'2 it nil
Coastline: 1)(8) fill
81';01'),1;
I'opulationt I79,t)It0 (census of I:- s1:m'h Ili April
I(11ih)
1?;Ihnic divisions: Arum 72'7; others include
Ir,iiil ilt', I'aklstants, and Indtins
Ite?ligion: Musltot!Ili,;,(;hrisli,ot,Iltiduandulher
4'7
Language: Arabic
Literacy: 2-1)"* (-%1 (I!Ilih)
11:),0(X) (1!17:))
Labor force:
GOVERN MENT
Legal name: ).!sited Arab I';ntirales (contpmod i I
lunner'I'rucial Slates)
Member stales: Abu Dhabi; Ajouui; Dobai;
I'ujairalt; Has al Khaimah; Sh:irjalt; Ino,? nl Oaiwain
Type: federation, ^onslitution signed I)ecernl)er
1971, sshich delegated specified powers In lilt, Unilc(I
Arab I';alirates central government ;tnd reserved other
powers to tncniber sheikhrloins
Capital: Abu Dhabi
Legal system: secular codes are being introduced
Irv the I.I.A.F. government 111(1 ill several member
sheikh(lonts; I'Iantic law martins verv influential
Branches; Supreitu? Council of Rulers (7 na'ntber),
froth which a l'resident and Vice I'residcut ire elected;
)'rime Minister and Council of Minister; National
Consultativ(? Coc:nctl; federal Supreme Court
Government leaders: Sheikh Livid of Abu Dhabi,
President; Sheikh Itashid of Dubai, Vice )'resident;
Sheikh Maktum of Dubai, 1'rirnr Minister
Suffrage: none
Elections: none
Political or pressure groups: none; a few small
clandestine groups are active
Member of: Arab League, Seabeds Committee,
OPEC, U.N.
ECONOMY
Agriculture: food imported. but some elutes,
alfalfa, vegetables, fruit, tobacco raised
Electric power: 11)2,12(1 kw. capacity (1974); 2(X)
million kw.-hr. produced (1974), 1,117 kw.-hr. per
capita
Exports: crude petroleum, pearls, fish
Imports: $1.4 billion (c.i.f? 1974 est.); food,
consumer and capital goods
Major trade partners: Japan, U.K., India, U.S.
Aid: donor. led Is /)bn I)I1,1l1i, 11( t cnnunitnu ?tl
hl h Illlli:m
Budget: (1!)71) i 2I:' ntilltnn Abu I)ltabi ( 1!)71)
$1 ,i billion, I)ubal (117;1) $151 million
Monetary convorion rate: I Qatar Dubai
(teal- IISS(1 25, Abo Dhulii. I It.rhrnh: dinar--
IIS$'25'2 (as of October 1!17:1)
(:OMMIINICA'1'IONS
Railroads; rum'
lilghways: I'i,) nti bitnnituuus, undetermined
nidetil;e of e:imlIi tracks
Pipelines: crate (iil, 175 n:i
Ports: 1 major (Mina )lashed, Mina hayed, Mina
Khulid), :1 nttnnr
Civil air: 2 major transport aircrall
Airfields: :)h total, 35 usable; h wills pcrnuua?nt-
surL1?e rtmsvass; I with rttnwa' over 12,1881 ft., I with
ru11%viv h,INlll 11,99!1 h? (2 ssilh runsv;t)s?1,IIIN1-7,41!1!)
It.
1'clecommunications: telephone s)sl ?nt in 1)ubayy
amt Ash Sheri(pih also Inks Ihesc tor%os; Abu I)hi Ili
I'ilroleom operates a telecom ''stem lhronghout the
sla?iklidnnt; kiv c(?nters ;ire at At 'fare(, Mikhail, amt
At %annah; 20,101) lelcphnnes; 511,0(() radio and
10,0((1')?\' n?ccivers; 3 Ah1, I I'M, and 2'I'V stations
DEFENSE FORCE'S
Military manpower: males 15-49, about 43,1(10;
about 22,0(X) fit for ntilitarv service
UNITED KINGDOM
LAND
9.1,200 sq. nii.; 30`,'% arable, 50`.'r meadow and
pasture, I2`.'7 waste or urban, 7% forested, I % inland
water
Land boundaries: 224 mi.
Approved For Release 2002/07/03 : CIA-RDP86T00608R000600100003-3
 Approved For Release 2002/07/03 : CIA-RDP86T00608R000600100003-3
July 1975
WATER
Limits of territorial waters (cla(med): 3 n. n:i,
(fishin)", 12 n. nri. )
Coastline: 7,725 mi.
PEOPLE,
Population: 5ti,102,111111, average :mount growth
rate 0M' (current )
Nationality: Hann--(triton(s), Itriti,h (collectiv('
Ill,); u(Il'etive--l(ritish
1'.thnic divisions: 83''; I':ngIish, 9'7 Scottish, 5
Welsh, 396 Irish
Religion: 27.1) million Church of England, 5.3
million Honour (:ulholic, 2.(1 (pillion Presbyterians,
7130,(X)0 Methodist, ?150,000 Jesvs (registered)
Language: English, Welsh (about 2(3''6 of
population of Wales). Scottish form of (;:relic (uboal
I(100)) ill Scotland)
Literacy: 98'7 to 995b
Labor force: 25 million; 356 ugricullure, 2'i
raining, 353% nuupcfacturing, 6'% government, 8'7
transportation and u t i l i t i e s , O r construction, 11 `'i
distributive trades, 23'7 services, 3'7 other; 3`7
unemployed
Organized labor: ?105, of labor force
GO'/ERNMI'NT
Legal''tne: United Kingdonc of Great Britain and
Northern IrvIand
Type: constitutional nu>narchv
Capital: T,on(lon
Political subdivisions: (335 p:rrli:unt?ntarv c'onstitti-
enc?ies
Legal system: coinrnon law tradition with earl'
Homan and modern continental influences; no
judicial review of Acts of Parliament; accepts
compulsory I(:J jurisdiction, with reservations
Branches: legislative authority resides in Parlia-
ment; executive authority lies with collectively
responsible cabinet led by Prime Minister; (louse of
Lords is supreme judicial authority and highest court
of appeal
Government leader: Prime Minister Harold
Wilson
Suffrage: universal over age 18
Elections: at discretion of Prince Minister, but must
be held before expiration of a 5-year electoral
(nundatc; last election 10 October 197.1
Political parties and leaders: Conservative,
Edward Ileat11; Labor, Harold Wilson; Liberal,
Jeremy Thorpe; Communist, Gordan McLennan
Voting strength (1974 election): Conservative 277
scats (35.7%); Labor 319 seats (39.356). Liberal 13
seats (18.391), 26 seats (6.7%) other
Communists: 29,0(X); sympathizers 175.0(K)
Ollie- political or pressure group, : Trades Union
(;oogn'ss, (:onledcrrtioo of Itrilish Industry, National
Fnnnrrs' Nolan, How (:rrncp, Monday (alb
Member of: (:I?N'I'O, I':(:, FAO, IAItiA, l(:x1(1,
II':A, II'O, 11111, 11,0, INI(:O, NATO, OI';UI),
Seabeds (:u:nrnitlr'c, SI?:A'I'O, U.N., IrNI'S(:O, III'll,
WHO, WMO
ECONOMY
GNPs $181 billion (14174), $:),`21311 per cnl)itn, li,l. 1';
consumption, 2(1.8'7 investnu'nt, 2(1.1'.',' gnyenunent,
act foreign balan(.e; 1972 (:I)1' gross'Ih rate
).4)''('
Agriculture: mixed farming prednrc>inalcs; main
products - wheat. Donley, potatoes, sugar heels,
livestock, dairy products; ,>I)"; self-sufficient; food
shortages - nu?al, froits, vegclnhlrs, ren'als, (lair'
products; caloric intake, ;1,17(1 calories per day per
capita (1970-71 )
Fishing: catch 1. 1 million ncctric tons (1972). $291
million (1972): cxporh $IIXi million, imports $32.1
million (1973)
Major industries: nrachiner' and transport
c(luipnu?nt, metals, fond prmessing, paper and paper
products, textiles, chemicals, -Iolliing
Shortages: rubber, petroleum, timber and
u'oodpulp, textile fibers, nonferrous metals, foodstuffs
Crude steel: 27 million metric Ions capacity (1972 );
26.7 ncilhoo metric tons produced ( V,73), .181) kg. per
capita
Electric power: 75,300,0(X) kw. capacity (1973);
282.1 billion kw.-hr. produced (197:3), .101(1 kw.-hr,
per capita
Exports: $3(i.2 billion ([.o.h., 1971); n:ac?hincr%.
transport e(loipnu'nt, chencicals, metals, nonmetallic
mineral rn:mufactures, textiles, beverages
Imports: $48.4 billion 1974), foodstuffs,
petroleum, machinery, crude materials, chemicals,
nonferrous metals
Major trade partners: (1973) exports-U. S. 11%,
Australia 3'7. Canada 4'.7, Ireland I'3, Son)h Africa
396; Sterling area 2.15;; 1{(:-nine:33"1; U.S.S.R. and
?astern Europe 3'3
Aid: economic - (:mlhorized) U.S., $8.7 billion
(FY?16-73), $26 million in FY73; 31.4 million in 1-1'72;
net official economic, aid to less developed areas and
multilateral agencies, $5,073 ncillio?c (1960-(i9), $362
million in 1971; $609 million in 1972: ncilitarx? -
U.S., $1.1 billion (FY46-73)
Budget (public sector): (1973/7.1) expenditures
$81.8 billion. revenues $71.3 billion
Monetary conversion rate: pound sterling floating,
average daily exchange rate 1973. US$0.4078=1
pound
Fiscal year: I April - 31 March
Approved For Release 2002/07/03 : CIA-RDP86T00608R000600100003-3
 Approved For Release 2002/07/03 : CIA-RDP86T00608R000600100003-3
COMMUNICATIONS
Itailroadst (:real Itril:tirn 11,771) nai.; 11,664 ml.
standard gage (4'M a,, "); 115 mi. narrow gage (various
%%itlths); 1,91)(i mi. electrified; 7,0911 mi dolrinle (runt,
1,470 mi. nunlliple tru'k; Notlhrin Ireland :?(1:4 !al
5':1" gage; 1114 ml. double Iru?k
Highways: nppnux. 2100X) mi. and 14.111111 rnulr
rni. In Northern Inland
Inland waterways: 1,1(111 rni
l'ipe7ines: crude nil, SRI) mi? nlnnost ill
Insignificant; relined products, 1.507 mi., natural gas
1,1(1() nai.
Ports: 2:3 major, ;151) minor
Civil air; 527 major transport aircraft
Telecommunications: modern, efficient domestic
and international system, 20.5 million telephones; 39
million radio and 15.4 million 'I'V rwrivnrs; excellent
countywide AM, I'M, and 'I'V servic:?; 1(4 AM, I111
I'M and 333 'I'V stations; ?13 Vdnnarim? cables, 40
coaxial; 3 earth satellite stations
DEFENSE FORCES
Military manpower: males 15-49, 12,649,((10;
10,720,151(1 fit for nrilita?y sersicr; no c?omcriplion;
?132,(()11 reach military age (IS) annually
Military budget: proposed for fiscal year ending 31
March 197), $5.7 billion; about 16Y; of central
government budget
LAND
106,000 sq. mi,; 50% pastureland, 21% fallow,
10% cultivated, 9% forest and scrub, 10% waste and
other uses
Land boundaries: 2,055 mi.
1'1'.()1'1,1:
Population: ",1(6.10111, overage innnal gntwtb rule
2 2'1 (7/71 7/72)
Nationality: noun
Upper \'oll:un
Upper \?nllan(s); utljt?t'livr'
1?:Ihuic divisions: aunt' tutu 51) tribes; prh'ip:tl
Irilm is Niossl (about 25 ruilliun( other inrpnrLual
groups are Gormoi, Sennln, I,olri, Bobo. hLtndt?, amid
Fulani
Religion: nrujurity of populilion animist, abnul
20'; Muslim, .5' (:hrisliun (nwioly Catholic)
Language: Fnncb oflinial; tribal I:un);u:age belnnl:
In Sudanic family, spoken by 54I''F of the popnlitit In
Literacy: -)"i-10";
Labor force: about 95'; of the economicalk- active
population engaged in ininial husbandry, subsistence
fainting, and rt?lated agricultural pursnils; about
:9) 11(5 are wage earners; about 20"' of made Tabor
force migrates :mortally Ili neighboring countries for
seasonal tvoploymeol
Organized labor: :1 primary and several small
specialized anions
GOVERNMENT
Legal nam e: Itupublic of Uppnr Volta
'hype: republic: military region in po\.er since
Jat:u;iry 1966
Capital l )uagudougun
Political subdivisions: 1(1 depirtntents, composed
of ?1,1 cereIns, headed by milit:n. prelccts
Legal systci n: bused on French civil la\y system
and custonmrv law; constitution atior,ted 197(1.
suspended February 197.1; judicial review of
legislalive acts in Supreme (:Quart; has not a
UNITI U ANAII i Mu.GaN .
[MI,AII;
~f 1
r- *Aden (,till of
i A I IFr ) 11II?Iv
Djibouti
?Zmla
~ Dap1A
OMAN ,.11 p
Approved For Release 2002/07/03 : CIA-RDP86T00608R000600100003-3
 Approved For Release 2002/07/03 : CIA-RDP86T00608R000600100003-3
Senegal 1
pa
1,0 n.niul
Orr
G. n
CIII Inn a 9RU
n1~9RII- Glynn.
Tope
hen
Cr._
A~ginrR ?7Gnls Cyprus 9yII4
101418 MedilerrAnean Sea
U.IaboR Y.ound*
Kltangany Km
Klgall
Zaire"**"do
Bujumbur4
South
Atlantic
Ocean
Africa
Ont. Tan.)
Africa
500 1000 M,Iw?
500 1000 K,lnmel.r?
WaIvls Bay ?
s eIl Wlndho.k
take :1
TsngaIIVik.
r(
umbashS
~
outhern
hodeel.
VI
Approved For Release 2002/07/03 : CIA-RDP86T00608R000600100003-3
 Approved For Release 2002/07/03 : CIA-RDP86T00608R000600100003-3
Mace.OHong Kong
' 1,1, fl1.K 1
North) I
101641#1
VII
f
*I Itu ir;nvnkr nu?r
iiee?n~ I~
of\"amwAA , Ialitla ?~ y, ~
~.v:.a? ;I ~ , ?76n Jaya
npepore n
1~
i
t;~i
natra
Katimantan SlllQWDSr t,
11
~'Pnbmb??rpr:? Flgnfsrmnm? ~' ~ ~~
Ili i~ ..,~f
LAM` ti.nab+r+ Indonesia o?
*)avn ? ^?;y*;Port.Tim or
lr~gnavam !.?~.
Twp?i
? Q KICMionllr ~i.uw~ui
K'un?mur ? ~
Approved For Release 2002/07/03 : CIA-RDP86T00608R000600100003-3
 Approved For Release 2002/07/03 : CIA-RDP86T00608R000600100003-3
VrMwan
M..b"Pllung Kung
Luzon
Su11111 litl,t ` I'll Hill pine Sea
aauUton
Sea ManJ
\~~ PhIIIppInos
t2,
f ~, y Mlndnnno
MARIANA
ISLANDS
ARCHIPELAGO
n1 .n,.... L
Moresby
Nwa).,rrm 'S~1
ell
G
Naunl' wy
p
r
C..........
.',un 4r (cat,,?!
lli~wlauil
1111)1 NIM I', I'hnn
C,a,d,,,?, llun
HoniMa Main'? SANTA I S L A N Il
Gunrlnlc:),)rll San Cr,slohnl CRUT
IS.
rr,?nn,?n
New .
C:dedorvn
NEW
HEBRIDES
RSuva
Wnttein I
Sanwa hn0
Apia* Alrnll
Tulu
FIJI ISLANDS .
Vunun Lnvu, L
Vd, lnvu
n
p h
o
cQ .r
vNuku'alofa
U
O i
1011L; 1 11
Tasmania
obarl
Invn,ca,QII~
New
Zealand r
JAL., .r
Wellington
South Island
Approved For Release 2002/07/03 : CIA-RDP86T00608R000600100003-3
 /canal .tine Cncfobnl cniz
-.Hrnnell is.
.1 1;;r lr'-IIn II i, I
Ilrl
Approved For Release 2002/07/03 : CIA-RDP86T00608R000600100003-3
1 I. L I c,r
ISL A N t)S
Suve O FNum
I or j
`Nuku'elofe
1- South Island
f i
Invrrcar(p11
Mni
l (nwnll
wo aunpn
C l nnnlr u
,f,IrrlY lrn a,
IL f.S gUST,
S
Oceania
VIII
I i ~ I
Pdc arras Itlond
Line of separation that groups
islands under some jurisdiction
500
Approved For Release 2002/07/03 : CIA-RDP86T00608R000600100003-3
1000 Nautical Milos
1000 Sttaalulc Mrica