FOREIGN MILITARY ASSISTANCE TO SOUTH ASIAN COUNTRIES

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP86T00608R000600060020-9
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: S
• Document Page Count: 10
• Document Creation Date: December 19, 2016
• Document Release Date: May 24, 2005
• Sequence Number: 20
• Publication Date: March 25, 1975
• Content Type: MF

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P.1EMORANDUM FOR: D/01 7R, DD/ol.rt, si,' n, St/'/C
D/D
The attached ,S-project was
preparec', for. Mr. Laux of Treasury for
briefi.na of Secretary Simon.. It was
handcarried to on
25 March 1975.
C ie
Trade and Aid Branch
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25 March 1975
(DATE)
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Foreign Military Assistance to South
Asian Countries
The countries of South Asia have purchased or receivc'd
as grant aid over $2.7 billion of military equipment durinc;
1966-1974 (see Table ].) . Our analysis shows that:
? about half of this equipment has been ordered
sinc,i January 1971.
? The pace of military procurement is expected
to increase somewhat over the next 12-18 months.
? The only shift in the source of supplies will
be for Pakistan as the US is expected to provide
Islamabad sophisticated weaponry not available
from China.
r The pattern of arms flows to the area's major recipients
shifted sharply after 1965 as a result or US-UK arms embargo
designed to halt the Indo-Pakistan War. The loss of these
tradit.Lonal suppliers compelled India and Pakistan to turn
elsewhere.
New Delhi found the USSR a willing source capable of meeting
many of its requirements. Since 1965 Moscow:
? Has sold over $1 billion worth of military
equipment (see Table 2) .
Has delivered MIG-t21 jet fighters, medium tanks,
OSA guided missile patrol boats, and surface-to-air
missiles.
The Soviet program has been supplemented by deliveries of
ground forces equipment from Czechoslovakia and to a lesser extent
by Poland and Bulgaria.
Purchases from the West, while modest, have encompassed a
wide range of equipment. The UK, India's major Western supplier,
has provided ielicopters, self-propelled artillery, and the
Tigercat missile system. Other suppliers including the US and
France have delivered primarily support equipment.
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In addition to foreign purchases, India rapidly expanded
indigenous manufacturing capability and now fills more Lhan half
of its requirements from domestic production.
India's projected defense requirements are aimed at a
rapid improvement in weapons technology. Plans for the late
1970s call for:
Replacement of many of its jet fighters and jet
bombers with more modern aircraft.
? Increased surface-to-air missile capability.
The USSR will remain India's major foreign source of arms
through the 1970s. Domestic production will meet only a small
portion of India's new requirements.
? Western arms suppliers will provide primarily spare parts
and replacements for equipment already in India's inventories
as well as technical assistance and some components under
expanding licensed production programs.
Pakistan
China supplies a large part of Islamabad's requirements
but cannot provide the range of sophisticated weaponry that
the USSR is exporting to India. Peking has ag:?eed:
To provide Islamabad with over $300 million of
arm.;
. To deliver ground forces equipment and MIG-19 jet
fighters.
? To aid in expanding the ordnance facility at Wah
and to provide a tank repair workshop and possibly
a tank production facility
Other Communist suppliers have provided helicopters (USSR),
vehicles (Czechoslovakia), and art:..llery (North Korea).
Pakistan has rece:.TTed its most sophisticated equipment from
France and expects to increase purchases.
? Agreements have covered Mirage jet fighters,
maritime patrol aircraft, ielicopters, air-to-air
missiles, the Crotale surface-to-air missile system,
and anti-ship missiles.
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Other Western suppliers have zrovided some equipment
including anti-tank missiles, artillery, light aircraft, and
helicopters.
US assistance has consisted of non-lethal equipment and
spare parts. Pakistan, however, is expected to get lethal
equipment including -et fighters anf missiles now that the 10
year old embargo has been lifted.
Afghanistan
Afghanistan is almost totally dependent on the USSR for
military equipment (see Table 4) During the past year Moscow:
? Has been modernizing Afghanistan's arms inventory.
? Has delivered a new cenerat_cn of armored vehicles
including T-62 tanks and B?iP infantry combat vehicles.
Bangladesh
Bangladesh's arras requirements are limited and have been
met mostly by India (see Table 5). Deliveries from other
suppliers have included:
? MIG-21 fighters, helicopters, and transport
aircraft from the USSR.
? Naval gunboats and ground forces equipment from
Yugoslavia.
? Helicopters from the UK and Soviet-made tanks
from Egypt.
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Arms Sales to South Asian Countries, by Recipient'
1966-1974 1971-1974 1371 1972 1973 1974
TOTAL 2,733 1,410 520 368 279 242
India 1,411 728 316 179 181 52
Pakistan 1,005 454 97 139 52 166
Afghanistan 236 147 107 Negl 39 ...
Bangladesh 81 81 ... 50 7 24
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Arms Sales to India, by Exporter'
Million US $
1966-1974
1971-1974
1971
1972
1973
1974
1,411
728
316
179
181
52
Non-Communist
209
74
28
28
16
2.
United States2
27
7
2
4
...
1
United Kingdom
107
48
25
8
15
...
Other3
75
19
1
16
1
1
Communist Countries
1,202
654
288
151
165
50
USSR 1,051
526
228
149
149
Eastern Europe 151
128
60
2
16
50
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Non-Communist
United States2
France
Other3
Communist Countries
USSR
Eastern Europe
China
North Korea
Arms Sales to Pakistan, by Exporter'
1966-1974
1971-1974
1971
1972
1,005
454
97
139
547
213
37
31
119
62
27
2
334
100
..
~
16
94
51
10
13
458
241
60
108
70
4
2
32
16
16
331
196
60
65
25
25
25
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million us $
1973
1974
52
166
42
103
24
9
18
66
...
28
10
63
...
2
Negl
10
61
...
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TOTAL
Non-Commurii's~-
India
United States
Communist Countries
USSR
Eastern Europe
144
2
1966=1'97 1971-1974' 1971' 1'972 19733* 1974
2~6' 147 107 Neg1 39 Negi'
2' 11 Negi` Negi Negl- Negl
Neg1 Negi ... ... ... Negl
2 1 Negl Negi Negl Negi
234
232
2
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Arch Sa1eb tO Afghanistan,- by Exporter"
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Arms Sales to Bangladesh, by Exporter'
1971-1974
1972
19
73
1974
TOTAL
81
50
7
24
Non-Communist
46
is
C
7
24
India
37
15
2
20
Other2
9
...
5
4
Communist Countries
USSR
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