EAST ASIA BRIEF 194-754

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP86T00608R000300010096-4
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: S
• Document Page Count: 22
• Document Creation Date: December 12, 2016
• Document Release Date: February 27, 2001
• Sequence Number: 96
• Publication Date: December 17, 1975
• Content Type: CABLE

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;.._.EAST ASIA BRIEF 194-75M
CASE OF FORMER OPPOSITION LEADER AND PRESIDENTIAL CANDIDATE KIM
TAE-CHUNG, APPARENTLY IN A MANNER THAT WILL NOT DISRUPT. RELATIONS
WITH JAPAN.M
KIDNAPED FROM JAPAN IN 1973 BY THE SOUTH KOREAN CIA, KIM
WAS SENTENCED LAST FRIDAY TO ONE YEAR IN PRISON FOR ALLEGED
1. SOUTH KOREA - JAPAN: SEOUL IS FINALLY MOVING TO RESOLVE-THE
CAMPAIGN VIOLATIONS IN THE 1967 AND 1971 ELECTIONS. AS YET,
HOWEVER, KIM HAS NOT BEEN TAKEN INTO CUSTODY, AND HIS LAWYERS
HAVE BEGUN AN APPEAL?Y
THE KIM CASE WAS A MAJOR IRRITANT IN RELATIONS BETWEEN
TOKYO AND SEOUL UNTIL EARLIER THIS YEAR,
THE JAPANESE PRESS AND OPPOSITION PARTIES INITIALLY
4! TOKYO, FOR ITS PART, IS TAKING A WAIT-AND-SEE ATTITUDE.
3; THE FOREIGN MINISTRY HAS SO FAR WITHHELD A CRITICAL STATEMENT.
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CRITICIZED THE 11IKi GOVERNMENT FOR "CONDONING" KIM'S
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_.SENTENCING, BUT HAVE BECOME SILENT OVER THE PAST DAY OR SO
AS THEY TOO WAIT FOR PAK'S NEXT MOVE.Y
THE PAK REGIME CLEARLY IS MORE WORRIED ABOUT FOREIGN
THAN DOMESTIC REACTION. INDEED, SOUTH KOREAN COURTS RECENTLY
HANDED DOWN HARSH SENTENCES TO STUDENT LEADERS CHARGED WITH
VIOLATING DECREES THAT SEVERELY CURTAIL THE RIGHT TO ' DISSENT.
{CONFIDENTIAL} E-2, IMPDET?rl
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WESTERN HEMISPHERE GRIEF 194-7S?Y
GUATEMALA: A MINUSCULE LEFTIST TERRORIST GROUP. KNOWN AS
THE GUERRILLA ARMY OF THE POOR. HAS CLAIMED CRCDIT FOR KILLING A
RIGHT-WI36 CONGRESSMAN ON DECEMBER 12 TOGETHER WITH HIS BODYGUARD
AND CHAUFFEUR. Y
THE KILLING WAS THE FIRST POLITICAL MURDER OF ANY PROMINENT
PERSON CLAIMED BY LEFTIST GUERRILLAS SINCE PRESIDENT LAUGERUD TOOK
OFFICE IN JULY 1974? THE VICTIM WAS JORGE BERNAL HERNANDEZ, THE
CONGRESSIONAL LEADER OF THE NATIONAL LIBERATION MOVEMENT. PART OF
THE 9OVERNIN6 COALITiUN? HERNANDEZ? A MAN WHO HAD ENEMIES ACROSS
THE ENTIRE POLITICAL SPECTRUM, HAD A CHECKERED POLITICAL CAREER
THAT NAY HAVE DIRECTLY CONTRIBUTED TO HIS DEATH- HE WAS A LEFT-BdZN;;
GUERRILLA HIMSELF IN THE EARLY 1%0S. CAPTURED BY THE ARMY IN 19671
HE DEFECTED FROM THE GUERRILLA RANKS AND WENT ON TO BECOME FORMER
PPESIP NT ARANA'S PERSONAL BODYGUARD.. ARAWA CHOSE HIM TO RUN FOR
CONGRESS IN 1174? HERNANDEZ WAS REPUTED TO BE VICE PRESIDENT
SANDOVAL'S HENCHMAN IN CARRYING OUT ACTS OF GOVERNMENT VIOLENCE IN
THE EARLY 14703-Y
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LITTLE IS KNOWN OF THE GUERRILLA ARMY OF THE POOR OTHER THAN
THAT IS PROBABLY HAS NO MORE THAN 15 TO 30 MEMBERS. IT MAY BE
IDENTICAL TO A GROUP THAT SPLIT AWAY FROM THE REBEL ARMED FORCES IN
MID-1173? ACCORbXNG TO MESSAGES IT HAS OCCASIONALLY SENT TO NEWS-
PAPERS. THC GR4UP SAYS IT IS RESPONSYBLE FOR MANY KIDNAPINGS, ATTACKS,
AND KILLINGS OF LANDOWNERS AND B'JSINESSMIEN IN THE COUNTRY'S INTERIOR.
IN LATE NOVEMBER ITS MEMBERS CLAIMED THEY HAD KILLED 14 MILITARY
COMMISSIONERS, CIVILItNISAUTHORIZED BY THE MILITARY TO CARRY WEAPONS
AND ASSIST IN LOCAL LAW ENFORCEMENT, IN THE EASTERN DEPARTMENT OF
CHIOUIMULA, HERNANDEZ' HOME DISTRICT- MILITARY COMMISSIONERS HAVE
BEEN NOTORIOUS FOR THEIR INVOLVEMENT IN POLITICAL MURDERS.Y
THE KILLING !SILL TEST THE LAUGERUD 6OVERNMENT"S EFFORTS TO
DECREASE ITS OYM USE OF VIOLENCE TO ELIMINATE OPPONENTS. SINCE THE
FIRST OF THE YEAR POLITICAL VIOLENCE BY THE GOVERNMENT AND THE LEFT
HAS LESSENED NO FTCEABLY, BUT THE HERNANDEZ MURDER COULD SET OFF
NEW CYCLE OF TERtOIk.AND COUNTER-TERROR. (CONFIDENTIAL) E-2 IMPDET?H
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DECEMBER 17. 1175
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MIDDLE EAST AFRICA BRIEF 194-75.Y
,RADIO EARLY TUESDAY MORNING ANNOUNCING TEL AVIV'S INTENTIONS,
BUT ISRAEL QUICKLY DENIED ANY SUCH BROADCAST. KARAMI'S ALLEGATIONS
NEVERTHELESS PROMPTED STANDARD WARNINGS FROM CAIRO AGAINST ISRAELI
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1. LEBANON: PRIME MINISTER KARAMI'S STATEMENT ON TUESDAY THAT HE
,HAD HEARD OF ISRAELI PLANS TO INVADE LEBANON ON THE PRETEXT OF
!SAVING LEBANON'S SMALL JEWISH COMMUNITY HAS CAUSED A CONSIDERABLE
.STIR IN BEIRUT AND OTHER ARAB CAPITALS.Y
THE PRIME MINISTER CLAIMED HE HEARD A BROADCAST OVER ISRAELI
LEBANESE LEADERS FREQUENTLY SEEK FOR THEIR OWN POLITICAL
RLASONS TO PORTRAY TEL AVIV AS POSING A MAJOR THREAT TO
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] THE LATEST CEASE-FIRE ]'S SLOWLY BEING IMPLEMENTED. THE PRESENCE
12; THE FIGHTING IN BEIRUT HAS DROPPED OFF CONSIDERABLY AS
PROBLEMS. THEY MAY, HOWEVER, BE GENUINELY WORRIED ABOUT POSSIBLE
4!ISRAELI ACTION IN THE WAKE OF TEL AVIV'S RECENT AIR ATTACKS ON
3, PALESTINIAN CAMPS IN LEBANON.Y
LEBANESE UNITY AND AS BEING RESPONSIBLE FOR LEBANON'S INTERNAL
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GOVERNMENT IS CONSIDERED ESSENTIAL--RETURNEDT FROM HIS TRIP
- LEFTIST LEADER JUMBLATT-WHOSE REPRESENTATION IN A NEW
THE CABINET, WHICH HAS ONCE AGAIN BECOME HIS TOP PRIORITY.
OF SECURITY FORCES IN THE HOTEL DISTRICT HAS HELPED QUIET THE
DOWNTOWN AREA, ALTHOUGH MUSLIM LEFTISTS AND CHRISTIAN PHAL;NGISTS-
COULD EASILY RETAKE THEIR RESPECTIVE STRONGHOLDS. SCATTERED
FIGHTING THROUGHOUT THE SUBURBS CONTINUES, BUT IN GENERAL THE
SITUATION HAS IMPROVED ENOUGH TO ALLOW LEBANESE LEADERS TO FOCUS
ON POLITICAL SOLUTIONS TO THE DISPUTE.Y
THE SEVERITY OF THE RECENT FLARE-UP APPARENTLY HAS PROMPTED
'A MORE CONCILIATORY ATTITUDE AMONG PRINCIPAL GOVERNMENT LEADERS.
!PRIME MINISTER KARAMI AND
PRESIDENT FRANJIYAH HAVE BEEN WORKING TOGETHER MORE
'CONSTRUCTIVELY. INTERIOR MINISTER SHAMUN, THE STRONGEST CHRISTIAN
IN THE CABINET, IS REPORTED TO HAVE REACHED AT LEAST A TEMPORARY
RECONCILIATION WITH KARAMI OVER THE WEEKEND. SHAMUN WAS SCHEDULED
TO MEET WITH PALESTINIAN LEADER YASIR ARAFAT UNdIIN ON TUESDAYS'
THIS COOPERATION WILL HELP KARAMI IN HIS EFFORTS TO EXPAND
DATE :....
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TO DAMASCUS EARLY THIS WEEK PREPARED TO CONSIDER JOINING
THE GOVERNMENT WITHOUT HIS USUAL SET OF PRECONDITIONS,
HE SYRIANS 25X1C
THREATED TO STRIP JUMBLATT OF HIS PRIMARY SUPPORT AMONG
LEBANESE LEFTISTS IF HE DID NOT "SHAPE UP."
SYRIAN EFFORTS OVER THE PAST TWO WEEKS TO MEDIATE AMONG
MUSLIM AND CHRISTIAN LEADERS ARE GENERALLY BEING CREDITED FOR
HAVING SMOOTHED THE WAY FOR THE LATEST CEASE-FIRE AND THE
RENEWED POLITICAL TALKS. PRIOR TO THE OUTBREAK OF FIGHTING LAST
WEEK, PHALANGES PARTY LEADER JUMAYYIL MET WITH PRESIDENT ASAD
AND HAD AT THAT TIME EXPRESSED WILLINGNESS TO COOPERATE.
{CONFIDENTIAL} Y
2. ANGOLA: AN OFFICIAL NATIONAL UNION FOR THE TOTAL INDEPENDENCE,
OF ANGOLA COMMUNIQUE ISSUED MONDAY STATED THAT ITS FORCES ARE NOW
4 MOVING TOWARD QUIBALA, ABOUT 180 MIL'1_S SOUTHEAST OF LUANDA.Y
AT A PRESS CONFERENCE IN LUANDA ON TUESDAY, THE POPULAR
MOVEMENT EXHIBITED FOUR SOUTH AFRICAN SOLDIERS CAPTURED DURING
L THE FIGHTING-019511 PUBLICITY ABOUT-SOUTH AFRICAN
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..PARTICIPATION IN THE NATIONAL UNION - NATIONAL FRONT OPERATIONS
IS SERIOUSLY DAMAGING THE NATIONALIST CREDENTIALS OF THE TWO
GROUPS; IT HAS ALREADY PROMPTED NIGERIA'S AND TANZANIAN'S
RECONGITION OF THE LUAI'JDA REGIME AND IS CLEARLY CAUSING OTHER
AFRICAN GOVERNMENTS THAT HAVE HELD OFF TO WAVER. THE POPULAR
MOVEMENT, AND ITS BACKERS, CAN BE EXPECTED TO FOCUS AS MUCH
ATTENTION tW POSSIBLE ON SOUTH AFRICA'S INVOLVEMENT.Y
MEANWHILE, THE ORGANIZATION OF AFRICAN UNITY'S TIMETABLE
FOR TS EMERGENCY SUMMIT ON ANGOLA IS NOW UNCERTAIN. AS
ORIGINALLY PLANNED BY.OAU OFFICIALS, THE SUMMIT WAS TO HAVE
BEEN PRECEDED BY A PRELIMINARY PLANNING SESSION OF FOREIGN
MINISTERS IN ADDIS ABABA FROM DECEMBER 19 TO 21.Y
OAU MEMBER STATES HAVE NOW AGREED, LARGELY AT THE BEHEST
OF THE STATES THAT SUPPORT THE POPULAR MOVEMENT'S REGIME, TO
4 HOLD THE TWO MEETINGS IN SUrCESSION BUT HAVE NOT YET AGREED ON
3 TIMING. UNLESS THEY RESOLVE THE ISSUE SOON, NO MEETINGS ARE
2: LIKELY TO BE HELD UNTIL AFTER THE FIRST OF THE YEAR?Y
DATE:
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ON MONDAY-,-SUDAN BECI'ME THE 14TH AFRICAN COUNTRY AND 30TH
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-WORLDWIDE TO RECOGNIZE THE POPULAR MOVEMENTIN'S REGIME. {CONFIDENTIAL}
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1. SPAIN: THE STATEMENT OF PRINCIPLES THAT THE NEW GOVERNMENT
ISSUED ON MONDAY EMPHASIZES ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL WELFARE AND
ORDERLY POLITICAL REFORMS. THE STATEMENT IS FORWARD LOOKING,
BUT ITS BROAD GENERALITIES AND LACK OF ANY TIMETABLE WILL
DISAPPOINT THE LEFT, WHICH WILL CONTINUE TO TRY TO ORGANIZE
'STRIKES AND PROTEST DEMONSTRATIONS TO BRING PRESSURE ON THE
.GOVERNMENT'Y
THE STATEMENT, ISSUED FOLLOWING A CABINET MEETING PRESIDED
OVER BY KING JUAN CARLOS, DECLARED THAT THE GOVERNMENT'S
COMMITMENT TO ACT IMPLIES CONSTANT IMPROVEMENT OF THE INSTITUTIONAL
SYSTEM. CONTINUING THE KING'S POLICY OF TAKING EVERY OPPORTUNITY
TO SOLIDIFY HIS MILITARY SUPPORT, THE GOVERNMENT'S STATEMENT LED
OFF WITH PRAISE FOR THE ARMED FORCES AS A PILLAR OF CONSTITUTIONAL
4 ORDER AND A PROMISE TO STRENGTHEN THE SERVICES?Y
3 TURNING NEXT TO ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL GOALS, THE GOVERNMENT
2, SAID IT WOULD WORK TO ASSURE A JOB FOR ALL AND PLEDGED A
1' TRANSFORMATION OF ECONOMIC, SOCIAL, AND CULTURAL STRUCTURES TO
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_PROMOTE SOCIAL JUSTICE. THE STATEMENT SAID THESE POLICIES WOULD
BE PURSUED WITHIN THE FRAMEWORK OF A MARKET ECONOMY AND NOTED
THAT "AUSTERITY AND WORK ARE REQUIRED OF ALL.II"Y
IN PROMISING POLITICAL REFORMS, THE STATEMENT GAVE SPECIAL
PRIORITY TO EXPANSION OF CIVIL LIBERTIES AND RIGHTS--PARTICULARLY
THE RIGHT OF ASSOCIATION. WHILE NOTING THAT IT WOULD BE
PREMATURE TO PRESENT A DETAILED PROGRAM, THE GOVERNMENT
SEEMED TO POINT TO A REFORM OF THE LEGISLATURE, TO A WIDENING
OF SUFFRAGE, TO THE DEVELOPMENT OF POLITICAL PARTIES, AND
TO THE ABROGATION OF ANTI-TERRORIST LAWS?Y
THE STATEMENT CAUTIONED THAT REFORMS PRESUPPOSE POPULAR
ACCEPTANCE OF A PROCESS OF EVOLUTION. THIS IS A CLEAR WARNING
AGAINST DEMONSTRATIONS AND STRIKES WHICH LEFTISTS HAVE ALREADY
STARTED. THE GOVERNMENT ALSO PROMISED TO STRENGTHEN NATIONAL
4' UNITY BY INSTITUTIONAL RECOGNITION OF REGIONAL AND LOCAL
AUTONOMY. THIS IS AN EFFORT TO RESPOND TO BASQUE AND CATALAN I
2! GRIEVANCES.Y
IN FOREIGN' AFFAIRS, THE GOVERNMENT PROMISED
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COOPERATION-"WITHOUT ACCEPTANCE OF DISCRIMINATION"--WITH OTHER
COUNTRIES IN DEFENSE OF SPAIN'S NATIONAL INTERESTS, WHICH ARE
ESPECIALLY TIED TO THE ATLANTIC AND WESTERN WORLD. THIS WAS
A RESTATEMENT OF SPAIN'S DESIRE TO JOIN NATO, AND A REJECTION
OF MADRID'S EXCLUSION BECAUSE OF ITS FORM OF GOVERNMENT?Y
I
TWO SMALL ACTIONS THIS WEEK TEND TO ADD CREDIBILITY TO
THE GOVERNMENT'S INTENTIONS TO OPEN UP THE POLITICAL SYSTEM. IT
RETURNED SOCIALIST LEADER FELIPE GONZALEZ' PASSPORT, AND
DEPUTY PRIME MINISTER FRAGA REPORTEDLY HAD LUNCH UITH PROFESSOR
TIERNO GALVAN, LEADER OF THE ILLEGAL POPULAR SOCIALIST PARTY
AND A MEMBER OF THE COMMUNIST-DOMINATED DEMOCRATIC JUNTA.Y
MEANWHILE, DISCONTENT CONTINUES OVER THE LIMITED PARDON
ISSUED BY KING JUAN CARLOS. ACCORDING TO PRESS REPORTS, POLITICAL
PRISONERS IN MADRID AND SEGOVIA WENT ON A HUNGER STRIKE MONDAY
'{. TO DEMAND COMPLETE?AMNESTY FOR OPPONENTS OF THE FRANCO REGIME
WHO WERE NOT RELEASED. AT THE SAME TilE, SOME 5,000 MINERS
2 IN ASTURIAS STAGED A STRIKE TO DEMAND A BROAD AMNESTY AND
LIBERALIZATION 'OF THE REGIME. {CONFIDENTIAL}Y
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2. USSR: INTERNATIONAL ATTENTION TO THE INDONESIAN INVA-
SION OF PORTUGUESE TIMOR AND SOVIET IDEOLOGICAL PRE-
TENSIONS HAVE LED MOSCOW TO EDGE CLOSER TO PUBLIC
CRITICISM OF JAKARTA. THE SOVIETS ARE STILL PULLING
THEIR PUNCHES, HOWEVER, FOR FEAR OF UPSETTING THEIR
GRADUALLY IMPROVING RELATIONS WITH INDONESIA.Y
THE MOST AUTHORITATIVE STATEMENT THUS FAR OF
MOSCOW'S VIEWS ON THE INVASION APPEARED IN A PRAVDA
COMMENTARY BY A. YURYEV ON DECEMBER L2. YURYEV IM-
~PLES THAT THE SOVIET UNION'S SYMPATHIES REST WITH
THE LEFTIST-ORIENTED FRETILIN FACTION, BUT HE STOPS
SHORT'OF DIRECTLY CONDEMNING THE INDONESIAN GOVERN-
MENT'S ACTION. THE COMMENTATOR SIMPLY ATTRIBUTES
THE MILITARY INVASION TO A "PRO-INDONESIAN" GROUP.
4:YURYEV SPEAKS OF MOSCOW'S SUPPORT OF TIMOR'S RIGHT
TO SELF DETERMINATION, BUT REFRAINS FROM MAKING ANY
JUDGMENT AS TO WHETHER THE FORMER COLONY SHOULD RE-
1' MAIN INDEPENDENT OR BE ABSORBED BY INDONESIA.Y
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