EUROPEAN BRIEF 189-754

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP86T00608R000300010091-9
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: S
• Document Page Count: 18
• Document Creation Date: December 9, 2016
• Document Release Date: February 26, 2001
• Sequence Number: 91
• Publication Date: December 7, 1975
• Content Type: CABLE

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EUROPEAN BRIEF 1189-754
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1. SPAIN: THE VIOLENT DISPERSAL BY RIOT POLICE OF TIWO
SOCIALIST RALLLE:S IN MADRID ON MONDAY (_!_FURTHER STRENGTHEN THE
HAND OF THOSE WHO SEEK TO DISCREDIT KING JUAN CARLOS' ATTEMPTS TO
LIBERALIZE THE POLITICAL SYSTEM AND COULD GENERATE ADDITIONAL SUPPORT
FOR THE SERIES OF STRIKES PLANNED FOR THIS WEEK.Y
THE GOVERNMENT'S HARSH RESPONSE TO DEMONSTRATIONS OVER THE PAST
FEW DAYS APPEARS TO BE PLAYING INTO THE HANDS OF THE COMMUNISTS, WHO
APPARENTLY HOPE TO PROVOKE AN OVERREACTION FROM THE POLICE IN AN I
EFFORT TO DEMONSTRATE THAT FRANCOl-TYPE REPRESSION DID NOT DIE WITH
THE GENERALISSIMO. THE COMMUNIST-INSPIRED DEMONSTRATIONS THAT WERE
BROKEN UP OVER THE WEEKEND MAY WELL HAVE BEEN INTENDED TO SET THE
STAGE FOR CONFRONTATION, WHICH THE PARTY APPARENTLY HOPES WILL BRING
LEFTIST DEMOCRATIC OPPOSITION GROUPS INTO A UNITED FRONT AGAINST THE
GOVERNMENTS'
THE COMMUNIST-DOMINATED WORKERS' COMMISSIONS HAVE CALLED FOR
STRIKES BY CONSTN'UCTION AND METAL WORKERS IN THE MADRID AREA ON
R.dA,p,pr ad For Release 2001 /08/ ,,;,,PA- V11$6T00608R000300010091-9
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DECEMBER i10 AND 11. ' IF SUCCESSFUL, THESE WILL SPREAD TO BARCELONA
AND VARIOUS BASQUE CITIES ON DECEMBER 111 AND 12. THE COIMUNIST-
CONTROLLED LEFTrST COALITION, THE DEMOCRATIC JUNTA, HAS ISSUED AN
APPEAL TO ITS SUPPORTERS TO DEMONSTRATE FOR "A DEMOCRATIC RUPTURE
WITH THE POLITICAL LAWS OF THE DICTATORSHIP" FROM DECEMBER 10 TO 16.
SO FAR, THE NON-COMMUNIST LEFT HAS SEEMED DISPOSED TO LET JUAN
CARLOS SHOW HIS HAND BEFORE CONDEMNING HIM. THERE IOIWAS RELATIVE Lti
LITTLE SUPPORT FOR THE ATTEMPTED STRIKE OF CONSTRUCTION WORKERS IN
MADRID LAST WEEK, AND THE SOCIALIST-DOMINATED PLATFORM OF DEMOCRATIC
CONVERGENCE HAS APPARENTLY REFUSED TO ENDORSE THE JUNTA'S CALL FOR A
WEEK OF DEMONSTRATIONS. FOLLOWING THE BREAKUP OF THE SOCIALIST
RALLIES ON MONDAY, HOWEVER, A SPOKESMAN CALLED FOR A STRIKE ON
WEDNESDAY TO PRO'TEiT POLICE BRUTALITY.Y
I THE FAR RIGHT MAY ALSO BE ABLE TO BENEFIT FROM THE COMMUNIST
-TACTICS. PRIME MINISTER ARIAS REPORTEDLY IS TRYING TO FORM A NEW
CABINET THAT WOULD BE MORE RECEPTIVE TO AN OPENING OF THE POLITICAL
SYSTEM. ULTRARIGHTISTS STRIVING TO PREVENT LIBERALIZATION OF THE
CABINET WILL BE ABLE TO POINT TO THE FREQUENT CLASHES BETWEEN SECURI
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FORCES AND LEFTIST DEMONSTRATORS AS AN EXAMPLE OF THE DANGERS OF SUCH
A MOVE. {CONF'IDENTIIAL}Y
2, POLAND: EDWARD GIEREK OPENED THE POLISH PARTY'S SEVENTH
CONGRESS ON MONDAY WITH A RECITATION OF POLAND'S ECONOMIC AND POLI-
TICAL PROGRESS SINCE 1971.Y
THE PARTY LEADER EMPHASIZED THAT THE PEOPLE ARE NOW LIVING
BETTER THAN EVER BEFORE AND THAT THE PARTY WILL CONTINUE TO SEEK
FURTHER IMPROVEMENTS IN THE LIVING STANDARD. FOR THE POLISH CONSUMER,
GIEREK HAD THE WELCOME NEWS THAT PRICE INCREASES ON BASIC FOOD ITEMS
WILL BE DELAYED WELL INTO NEXT YEAR AND THAT OVERCOMING DIFFICULTIES
IN MEAT SUPPLIES TS ONE OF THE PARTY'S MOST IMPORTANT GOALS. GIEREK
SAID THAT THE PR.TCE POLICY FOR 1976-1980 WOULD ENSURE INCREASES IN
REAL WAGES.Y
ON INTERNAL POLITICAL MATTERS, GIEREK REPEATED THE STANDARD
-FORMULATIONS ON THE NEED TO INCREASE THE MILITANCY AND EFFECTIVENESS
OF IDEOLOGICAL ACTIVITY. HE ALSO PROPOSED THAT THE PERIOD BETWEEN
.PARTY CONGRESSES BE EXTENDED TO FIVE YEARS AND SAID THAT SEVERAL CON-
STITUTIONAL AMENDMENTS WERE NEEDED TO REFLECT THE SOCIALIST NATURE OF
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THE STATE.Y
GIEREK PAID THE REQUISITE TRIBUTE TO MOSCOW, SAYING THAT THE
SOVIET UNION IS THE "LEADING FORCE OF THE INTERNATIONAL COMMUNIST
MOVEMENT." HE CALLED FOR EXPANSION OF COOPERATION WITHIN CCMA,
CLAIMED THAT "GOOD CONDITIONS" ARE SHAPING UP FOR A EUROPEAN
COMMUNIST PARTY CONFERENCE, AND SAID THE POLISH PARTY FAVORS THE IDEA
OF A NEW WORLD CONFERENCEOY
SOVIET PARTY LEADER ?REZHNEV IS PRESENT AL.ONG WITH MOST OF THE
EAST EUROPEAN PARTY LEADERS; THE NOTABLE EXCEPTION IS ROMANIA'S
PRESIDENT CEAUSESCU. BREZHNEV ADDRESSED THE CONGRESS ON TUESDAY.
{CONFIDENTIAL}Y
3. USSR: TWO LEADING DISSIDENTS CLOSE TO NOBEL PEACE PRIZE
WINNER ANDREY SAKHAROV WENT ON TRIAL THIS WEEK. THE TIMING IS
PROBABLY NOT ACCIDENTAL. BY HAVING THE TRIALS OVERLAP THE DATE ON
WHICH SAKHAROV WAS TO HAVE RECEIVED THE AWARD IN OSLO {DECEMBER 10}, ^
THE REGIME WOULD UNDERSCORE THAT PUBLICITY SURROUNDING SAKHAROV'S
CASE WILL NOT DETER IT FROM ENFORCING DOMESTIC CONTROLS?Y
THE TRIAL OF BIOULOGIST SERGEY KOVALEV BEGAN DECEMBER 9 IN
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VILNIUS, LITHUANIA, WHERE HE HAS BEEN DETAINED SINCE HIS ARREST A
YEAR AGO. ALTHOUGH KOVALEV IS CHARGED WITH "ANTIZ-SOVIET AGITATION"
STEMMING FROM IIIS ALLEGED SUPPORT OF UNDERGROUND LITHUANIAN CATHOLIC
ACTIVITIES, HIS FORMER ROLE IN THE ILLEGAL MOSCOW CHAPTER OF AMNESTY
INTERNATIONAL AND HIS RELATIONSHIP WITH SAKHAROV PROBABLY CONTRIBUTE
TO HIS TRAVAILS.Y
THE CONNECTION IS EVEN CLEARER IN TIDE CASE OF ANDREY
TVERDOKHLEBOV, THE FORMER SECRETARY OF AMNESTY INTERNATIONAL'S MOSCOt
BRANCH AND A CO-FOUNDER OF SAKHAROV'S "DEMOCRATIC MOVEMENT." THE
TRIAL OF TVERDOKHL.EI.IOV, WHO WAS ARRESTED IN APRIL, HAS REPORTEDLY
BEEN POSTPONED SEVERAL TIMES; IT ALSO BEGAN ON DECEMBER 9.Y
SAKHAROV HAS REPEATEDLY PROTESTED THE DETENTION OF HIS TWO
COLLEAGUES, AND IN A GESTURE OF DEFIANCE, LAST MONTH FORMALLY INVITEI
THEM AMONG OTHERS TO THE OSLO NOBEL AWARD CEREMONY WHICH HE HIMSELF
HAS BEEN PREVEPITED FROM ATTENDING. BY HOLDING THE TRIALS OF THE TWO
THIS WEEK, THE REGIME IS MAKING ITS OWN STRONG COUNTER-GESTURE TO
SAKHAROV AND HIS ALLIES AT HOME AND ABROAD.Y
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ALTHOUGH THE REGIME HAS NOT FORECLOSED ITS OPTION OF EXPELLING
SAKHAROV FROM THE USSR AT ANY TIME, THERE IS NO SIGN THAT HE WILL BE
PERMITTED--OR FORCED--TO LEAVE BEFORE THE AWARD CEREMONY. HIS WIFE,
WHO HAS BEEN IN THE WEST FOR MEDICAL TREATMENT .,.AND WHOM SAKHAROV
DELEGATED TO RECEIVE HIS PRIZE, HAS A SOVIET RE-ENTRY VISA VALID
UNTIL DECEMBER 2f). BOTH SAKHAROV AND HIS WIFE REMAIN ANXIOUS, HOW-
EVER, THAT THE REGIME MAY BAR HER RETURN HOME AT THE LAST MOMENT-
FAR f?ROM KEEPING HIS HEAD DOWN, HOWEVER, SAKHAROV AGAIN THIS YEAR LED
SOME 70 OTHER DISSIDENTS IN THE ANNUAL HUMAN RIGHTS VIGIL ON DECEMBER
^iIIIIflMIl~O~SIIUUIS {CONSTITUTION DAY} IN MOSCOW'S IPUSHKIN SQUARE.Y
MEANWHILE, THE USSR'S OTHER NOBEL PRIZE WINNER, ESTABLISHMENT
ECONOMIST LEONID KANTOROVI(:H, IS ALREADY IN STOCKHOLM, WHERE ON
DECEMBER 10 HE WILL SHARE THIS YEAR'S ECONOMICS PRIZE WITH US
SCIENTIST KOOPMANS. KANTOROVICH'S WORK ON OPTIMAL USE OF RESOURCES
HAS BEEN REFORMIST BY SOVIET STANDARDS, BUT HIS PUBLIC POLITICS ARE
CLEARLY ORTHODOX- IN A STOCKHOLM INTERVIEW LAST SUNDAY HE REFERRED TO
THE USSR'S "PERFECT, SOCIALIST SYSTEM." {CONFIDENTIAL}Y E-2, IMPDET.
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EAST ASIA BRIEF 189-75.Y
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1. LAOS-NORTH VIETNAM: HANOI HAS BEGUN A SMALL-SCALE AIRLIFT
INTO VIENTIANE F , HELP OFFSET SUPPLY SHORTAGES RESULTING FROM THE
CLOSURE OF THE THAI BORDER .Y
THE LAO COMMUNIST SNNEWSPAPER IN VIENTIANE REVEALED ON DECEMBER
8 THAT NORTH VIETNAM HAD BEGUN AN AIRLIFT USING TWO CAPTURED US
C-130S TO MOVE MILK, SUGAR, AND GASOLINE TO THE CAPITAL. ACCORDING
TO THE NEWSPAPER, SUPPLIES WILL ALSO BE SHIPPED IN BY TRUCK. THE
INITIAL AIR PHASE IS SCHEDULED TO LAST 20 DAYS, BUT SHIPMENTS WILL
CONTINUE BY ROAD AND AIR AS LONG AS NECESSARY.Y
THE THAI CLOSED THTE BORDER LATE LAST MONTH FOLLOWING A LAO
ATTACK ON A THAI PATROL BOAT. THE CLOSURE HAS LED TO THE DISAP-
PEARANCE OF SOME FOOD ITEMS FROM VIENTIANE MARKETS AS WELL AS A DRA-
MATIC INCREASE IN rltE PRICE OF MOST CONSUMER ITEMS. GASOLINE IS
AVAILABLE ONLY ON THE BLACK MARKET AND AT VASTLY INFLATED PRICES??Y
UNLESS MAJOR DEL.:IVERIES ARE MADE BY ROAD, THE VIETNAMESE SUP-
PLY EFFORT WILL NOT COMPENSATE FOR THE BORDER CLOSURE. HANOI
PROBABLY INTENDS, HOWEVER, THAT THE SUPPLY OF VITALLY NEEDED SUP-
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PLIES WILL SERVE AS A GESTURE OF SUPPORT FOR THEIR LAO ALLIES AND
WILL STRENGTHEN VIENTIANE'S HAND IN DEALING WITH BANGKOK ON THE
BORDER PROBLEM. I CONV1DENTIAL} E-2 IMPDET. d
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DATE: A I?11BER 9, 1975
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MIDDLE EAST AFRICA BRIEF 189-75.Y
1. LEBANON: ARMY CIMMANDOS MOVED INTO BEIRUT'S COMMERICAL
DISTRICT LAST 1IrGIIT TO PROTECT GOVERNMENT BUILDINGS AND
FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS, AFTER HEAVY FIGHTING BETWEEN CHRISTIAN
AND MUSLIM MILITrAMEN SPREAD FROM SUBURBAN TROUBLESPOTS TO
CENTRAL BEIRUT AND THE CITY'S MOTEL DISTRICT-Y
ARi1Y SPOKESMEN SOUGHT TO LIMIT MUSLIM AND PALEFT~NIAN
REACTION BY CLAIMING THAT TIIE 100-MAN ARMY FORCE IS INTENDED
TO CREATE A "SECUNTTY BELT" IN THE CITY, JOT TO ENTER INTO THE
FIGHTING. THE LEFTISTS HAVE ALREADY CHARGED THAT THE GOVERNMENT
MOVE IS DIRECTED AT THEM, BECAUSE THE HEAVILY ARMED UNIT WAS
DISPATCHED AFTER I.L:FTIST AND MUSLIM FORCES HAD ATTACKED
POSITIONS OCCUPIED BY MILITIA OF THE CHRISTIAN PHALANGES PARTY ? Y
EVEN THIS L1111TED USE OF THE ARMY IN CENTRAL BEIRUT IS
?THE MOST FORCEFUL ACTION BY THE GOVERNMENT SO FAR THIS YEAR
K.TO END CIVIL UNREST. IT REPRESENTS A COMPROMISE BETWEEN
.INTERIOR IINISTER SHAMUN, WHO HAS LONG FAVORED CALLING IN THE
_18,0DO-MAN ARMY, AND PRIME MINISTER KARAMI, WHO HAS NOT WANTED
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TO ALIENATE HIS MUSLIM SUPPORTERS BY INVOLVING THE ARMY WHICH
IS LED.LARGELY HY CHRISTIAN OFFICERS-Y
1;1~ h0-~ D~. 1
KARAMI LATER TOOK PAINS TO EXPLAIN TO NEWSMEN THAT THE
GOVERNMENT HAD NOT YET DECLARED A STATE OF EMERGENCY- IN THE
POAST, SUCH A STEP' HAS ALWAYS BEEN TAKEN BEFORE LARGE ARMY
UNITS WERE CALLED INPM
THE CURRENT SURGE OF ARMED CLASHES HAS GROWN OUT OF
PHALANGIST EFFORTS I IER THE WEEKEND TO AVENGE THE KILLING.OF
FOUR OF THEIR MILITIAMEN LAST FRIDAY. WIDESPREAD KIDNAPINGS
AND MURDERS BY PHAI..ANGIST fl.[LITIAMEN--APPARENTLY ACTING WITHOUT
INSTRUCTIONS FROM THEIR LEADER, PIERRE JUMAYYIL, WHO WAS IN
DAMASCUS ON A PEACE. MISSION--GAVE RADICAL LEBANESE LEFTISTS
AND REJECTIONIST PALESTINIANS AN EXCUSE TO RETALIATE HEAVILY
AND CAUSE HOSTILITIES TO SPREAD-Y
ACCORDING TO ONE PRESS REPORT FROM BEIRUT, PALESTINIAN
'GUERRILLAS WERE LEADING SOME LEFTIST BANDS. FEDAYEEN FROM THE
LARGE COMMANDO GROUPS FOUGHT WITH THE LEBANESE LEFTISTS FOR A
:.BRIEF PERIOD IN LATE OCTOBER.Y
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THE RESUMPTION OF' HEAVY FIGHTING HAS COME AT A TIME WHEN
PROSPECTS FOR PROGRESS IN THE POLITICAL NEGOTIATIONS WERE GOOD
AND WHEN CONSERVATIVE MUSLIM POLITICIANS HAD BEGUN A CAUTIOUS
EFFORT TO ISOLATE THE FAR LEFT POLITICALLY. RADICALS BOTH
BOUTSIDE AND INSIDE THE MAJOR CHRISTIAN AND MUSLIM MILITIAS
WERE FEARFUL. THAT IUMAYYIL MIGHT STRIKE A BARGAIN WITH SYRIAN
PRESIDENT ASAD, ANL THEREFORE WERE EAGER TO UNDERMINE HIS
MISSION WITH A RETURN TO VTOLENCE.Y
A MUSLIM DELEGATION THAT INCLUDED THREE FORMER LEBANESE
PRIME MINISTERS TRAVELED TO DAMASCUS ON SUNDAY, PRESUMABLY TO
AFFIRM THAT ASAD HAD NOT PROMISED JUMAYYIL ANY CONCESSIONS THAT
WOULD THREATEN THE INTERESTS OF LEBANESE MUSLIMS. THEY MAY
ALSO HAVE URGED THAT SYRIAN FOREIGN MINISTER KHADDAM VISIT
BEIRUT AGAIN TO MEDIATE THE LEBANESE DISPUTE.{CONFIDENTIAL.}.M
ANGOLA: THE POPULAR MOVEMENT FOR THE LIBERATION OF
,-ANGOLA IS MAKING SLOW BUT STEADY PROGRESS IN OBTAINING
-INTERNATIONAL REC06NITION OF ITS GOVERNMENT IN LUANDA..Y
? OVER THE WEEKEND, TANZANIA BECAME THE 13TH AFRICAN STATE
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TO RECOGNIZE THE REGIME- A'TOTAL OF 29 GOVERNMENTS--INCLUDING
12 COMMUNIST COUNTRIES, 3 ARAB STATES, AND BRAZIL--NOW
RECOGNIZE THE f'OPULAA MOVEMENT AS THE SOLE LEGITIMATE GOVERN-
MENT OF ANGOLA-Y
NO STATE HAS RECOGNIZED THE REGIME PROCLAIMED JOINTLY BY
THE NATIONAL FRONT FOR THE LIBERATION OF ANGOLA AND THE
NATIONAL UNION FOR THE TOTAL INDEPENDENCE OF ANGOLA. IT WAS
NOT UNTIL LAST WEDNESDAY THAT THE COALITION WAS INAUGURATED IN
HUAMBO, THE FORMER NOVA LISfOA? EXTENDED WRANGLING BETWEEN THE
TWO GROUPS OVER ITS ORGANIZAT'ON AND THE DISTRIBUTION OF CABINET
PORTFOLIOS HAD DELAYED FORMATION OF THE COALITION-Y
MOST COUNTRIES OUTSIDE AFRICA CLEARLY ARE TAKING A "WAIT-
AND-SEE" POSITION ON RECOGNITION, PENDING THE DEVELOPMENT OF A
CLEAR-CUT AFRICAN (ONISENSUS IN FAVOR OF ONE OF THE ANGOLAN
..CLAIMANTS. IN AFRICA, THE PUBLICITY GIVEN TO SOUTH AFRICAN
.MILITARY SUPPORT FOR THE INATIONAL FRONT AND THE NATIONAL UNION,
=TOGETHER WITH NIGERIA'S RECENT RECOGNITION OF THE POPULAR
.MOVEMENT, HAS GENERATED HEAVY PRESSURE ON UNCOMMITTED AFRICAN
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