SCIENTIFIC ABSTRACT ZIMAKOV, A. M. - ZIMAKOV, P. V.

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• Collection: Scientific Abstracts
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• Document Creation Date: November 2, 2016
• Document Release Date: July 16, 2001
• Sequence Number: 4
• Publication Date: December 31, 1967
• Content Type: SCIENTIFIC ABSTRACT

1 -1 1 ~'!Et I Ila I, I I IJIWI III III I I 11W I C [I OSUMI I I EU III] WHIDI I MR111 fall n13IN Ilit] I vNIF I m
ZIMAKOV-2 A. M. and G. S. BOBROVSKIFT
Parovye kotly promyshlenn7kb predpriiatii. Moskva, Goasnergoizdat, 1949. 3351~p.
diagra.
Steam boilers in industrial enterprises.
DLCt TJ289.B57
301 Manufacturing and Mechanical Evigineeri2g in the Soviet Union, Library of~
Congress, 1453

A'
133-11-13/19
AUTHORS: Vorobey, V.V- and Zimakov A.M.
TITIE: Automation of The;~u-;l and Te
,a ological Processes in Tron
and Ste6l-Works (Avtomatizatsiya teplo'vykh i tekhnologi-
cheskikh protsessov na predpriyatiyakh chernoy metallurgii)
PERIODICAL: Stall, 1957, No-11, pp. 1024 - 1027 (USSR).
ABSTRACT: Automtie controlling used in blast furna Ices, open-
hearth and electric furriaces and rolling mills is outlined. It
is pointed out that the progress achieved is to a large extent
due to the existence of special organisations grouped in the
"Energoehermet" Trust: instrument-making faetories ("KIT" in
Kharkov and "Teplopribox-11 in Chelyabinsk), the Central Laboratory
of Automatics, Central Design Office, etc.
AVAILABLE: Library of Congress
Card 1/1

A.M. and BMVSM, G.-IL
7DUKOV
"Stream 93ilere in Industrial Eut6rprisesll.
1949, 331 PP,'ll ruales 40 kopeks.
SO: W-14151 11 Oct. 1950.

ZIM&KOV -NOV, Yu. It.
B, STEPA
Oil manifestation in;the Vorkutu coal-bearing region of the
Pechora Basin. Sov. 3001. 8 no.3.-125-127 165.
(MIIIA 18: 5)
1. Vorkutskaya kompli*snaya geologorazvftdochmya ekapeditsiya
UTGU i Hookovokiy geologorazvedoclmyy institut im. S. Ordzho-
nikidze.

ETTINGER. L.1 YEREMIN, I V,'j ZDUKO
Av P4
Sorptiow-properties of various petrographic,-compo~ents.of fossil
coals, Dokl, AN SSSR l,i55 no. 2964-s-367 M;o ~164 (MIRA 1715)
1. Institut gornogo delit im. A. A. Skoehinwkogo,~Moskovskiy
geologorazvedochnyy :Imstitut imo S. Ordthonikidze tInstitut
geologii i razrabotk:l, goryuchikh iskopa)temy1di, PreastAvIeno
akademikom N. V. MeVnikovym.

-t I I I P ILI IN IIIIIIIIIN fill] 111111111 ILI H IIII, IIIIIII. I I I
ZD(AKOVO B.M.
Effect of geological (Ionditions on the accMM24tion Ani
distribution of gases in coal deposits of thoTb6hora.BaOin.
1zv.vys.uchob.zav.;ge6lA rasr. 4 no.7:78-92 Jk'61.
(9M& 14:8)
1. Hoskovskiy geologprazxmdoeh~ instittit imexi:i S.
UrdzhonikidZ4*
(Pechorm Basin-Mine gases)

m

SPITSYN, VIKT., I., Wkademik;~ ~I'ZMYAKOVA L. I.; NIMYLMO, 4 'A Yjj
Gpd)IIOV $V.V.; Z.IHAIT!jI LYe.
Electron microscope study of the efreat o,-V.radioucti~% Uaves
from solids on the striacture of their sur:race. !Dokl.: AN
SSSR 139 no.5:1163-1165 Ag. 161. O= 108)
11 Institut fizichevkj~y khimii AN SSSR.
(Solids of radiation of

C~~~~DOMWELISKA]i'A, N.P.; SP17SYNt Vlkt.l. abidemik
Weet of the radioactivity of molybdio udydride on the
variation of its speelflo.surface area. Dokl.AN SSSR 149
no.4084-W F 163. (KCRA 16t4)'
1. Institut f1sichosby khimli LN SSSR.
(Mdlybd6um *Ides) (Radioutivity) (Sixtface Ikeamt,emen't)

ACcEssrw NR- AP4020063 /0186/64/0
66100110130/613V
AUTHOR: Spitsy*n,l VIM. L; "IFlimakovi 1. Ye.; tlobrossltakoylk, W. P.
99
3 an
TITLE: Effect of radioactive. amission S, 5 d'hio oh:the Magnitude~04 this'
Ce Of
specific surfa molybdenutil &sulfide
SQURCE: Radiokbimiya, v. t no.A, 1964, 130-132
A n it
TOPIC TAGS: molybdenum diqulfide, specific surface BET method. radio'CQ-
tiVe radiation, takged molybdeirium disulfide, crystal lattice Irregularity'.
crystallization center formation, specific surface changit. sulfur 35. molybdea-
um '99
~Ioicuvi ra~ d W W 16- )ra 3 .... ..
p~T ilk6
Y C rix
1sdtopes oft the a 6010'eurfa4e of MoS. obt4ifned 04m. a mei 9"
Pe
investigated. Thq ppecific suprace
was detcrmlne4 by tba BET method by 1w
temperature adsorption of krylliton.. The Opecific surface of the radioactive
materials differs from that of il#e ngn-tagged MoSM In that it Increases with 4n
1/3
C
ard,

I'll I I I I I IV! V IP1 I I I I If I H It I I I I ilia, fifflij M1 14 1D1 H
ACCESSION NR: AP4020063
in6rease in specific radioactiiiity. With S35 the increille is:fd4rly re&lar. and
the specific surface is tri led with 30 millicurleirgm. radimictivity from about
8 t!*0 24 m2/gm. With MO 9 tlleilinc6ase *is shirp6h-, L e. : ilin st'tripled W: ith
0
16'millicurie/gm.-4 radiation. Tfij. 11. The spebifid surface of the inat~rlalsl
does not change oil btanding. iTfie difference inlisp46fiia' surface assiocl~ted with
t~4 f&mation of irrej~Aaritieg in
radioactive radiati6n is apparontly caused by
thi crystal lattice lind the cre4ttan 4 additionaremystallization centet Orig.
art. has: 2 figures and I table,
ASSOCIATION: None
STJBhUTTED; OSA463 PATE ACQ:- 31h(ar64 ENCL: 01
SUB CODm: Gpo I up 1N01REF SOV: 007 0 R. 3
THE 00
t
cara 123

jr, ~i~' L'~I: ft
%
f 1 4
JiN
"Ina
t
1!1111 P rl I
7.1 Kk KTVV Ye.
The Second All-Union Confarence on the Preparation and Analysis of
linh-Purity Elements, held on '1:4-28 December 1963 at Corky StaW Uni--'
versity im. N. 1. Lobachevskiy,~ was sponsored by the Inatitutii of Chemi.":
stry of the Corky State Universill~y, the Physicochernical and Technological;
nd,
Department for Inorganic Materlials of the Academy of Se.tences USSR, a
the Corky Section of the All-UniiDn Chemical Society im. P. 1, MendeleyfavP
The opening -address was made by Academician N. M. Zhavor6nkov, Some
90 papers were presented, among them the followirig:
A. A. Popell and Z. A. :'~prykovo.' Quantitative determination o
paramagnetic 1ons in solution Oif NMR methods.
1. Ye. Zimakov. DetermInation of microirnpuritips (10 7 7to io- is;
-te
_~MMI'Mac-UN-e dilutiorj. . . . ......
by repea
A. A. Tumanov and V. S.~~ Yef i ychev. Determina1lon of micro-
concentrations -w-ithsalicylan-2-a'minophenol.
AN AL K~,-

A
8/13T/6Z/000/0
A006/A101
Zimakov, I. Ye.
AMORt
The use of radioactiVe tracers to check~come,analytical.mathods;of
separating rhenium and molybdenum
PERIODICAL: Referativnyy zhurnal, Metallurgiya, no. 12, 1962, 15j' abstra .at
12K92 ("Sb. nauchn. t1r. Oos. n.-i. In-t tsvetn. met.", 1561, no, 18:0
56 - 59)
TEXT: Using radioactivefMo99 and Re186 isotopes, the author compares 2
methods of separating low Re amounts from high Mo amounts with the aid of
8-axyquinr)line and a-benzoin oximal. The oxyquinoline,method was found to be:
suitable for Re separation from Ma~*even if Mo i Re 1585,000 : 1. Most complete:
Mo paration from Re by chloroforin extraction is obtained at pH 4.5. Wing
Reigg, it was established that duilng extraction-Re Is not transferred completely
Into the chloroform layer. The OC-benzoin oxime methcyl can not be used to no- I.d
parate low Re from high Mo amounts., due to considerable aorption of Re by w
precipitate of Mo o~-benzoin oxime., There are 6 referiandes.
[Abstracter's notet Complete tranislation] L. Voroblyerva
Card 1/1

. . ... .. ....... ---------------
ZEMYANOVA.,, L.Z.;. I~IKAXOV. I.Ye.; VLAPINA, A.M. SkMXNO-Vikt. L;
DOBPMELISKAY
Electron microscope ptudy of the effeOt of '~rp#oactAvit~,of
elementaxy bulfur on, the structure of its Mi~face.
I Radiokhimiia 5 no.30t."I'9~-,-394 163. (MM 161lO)
(sulfur isot)pea) (Electron iticrosoopy)

;43 It liftfill it 11111 Ill Ill 11111111.1101111,1111111! 11 H1111111 1,H111111 I lillitsilliAl Fill 11111 f4will HUM"
SOV/136-59-5~15~23.
iUTHORS: Gulyayeva2 Ye.I.~ Zirnakov~j I.Ye,,, and 11Ndoi*,). B.
TITLE: Extraction of R,henium~-from Industrial Solutions using
Activated Coal (Izvlecheniye reniNna. ,m". pl~lnclzvodstvennyMi
rastvorov pri pimoshchi aktivirovamn:~kh ugley)
PERIODICAL: Tsvetn)-ye metally2 1959, Nr 51 PP '13-77. (USSR)
ABSTRACT: The difficulty in extracting Re from:solution is the
separation from W and No which 'have simil. :ir properties:.
An ordinary chromatographic method Wma tr,ied using :
activated coals types KO, SK-T, SU-rhU, and MSK-1.
The coals were iorashed with 0 OlIf HpSOL initik they:7s'howed
acid reaction ti) methyl orange and then the test
solutions were poured Varough the coitl. ~ Afterwards the
coal was washed-with water and then 1% soda solution to
remove the Re, 1~ arid Mo. . The solutim used are-giveti t9
in Table 1. Ritdioactive isotopes R0, I --- 9 2:alid W18.,
were added to the solutions and used',to indi(-ate the
degree of separation. The bast oclal wash found by testing
with the first i5olution. 0 .3, 0.6 tLrul 1-0 9 of coal and
4.5 and 7.0 mm diameter columns were trilslib Table 2
shows the dynamle exohangg) rjapa!,.-ity unde:L, various I
Card 1/3 conditions. It in-Creases with ln,3rease in the ratio

S011/1361-~ 5121
kxtraction of Rhenium fro'. ra Industrial Solutions usj:nz~.Activated'
Coal
height/diamet9i of column. Fir, shows that MSK 6oal
has the greatest abiorpUan. The -4ash.-J'Xig, results in
Fig 3 show that; Re is completely exti-act-UL from all the
coals so MSK coal was used for further work with the
other three, solutions. Table 3 shows that the exdh-ainge
capacity was highest for soLation 2 'Aiicah differed',from
the other solutions -in Mo con-dent and acidity. Fig
shows that Re is selactively absorbsd by the coal: but Mo
and W are weakly absorbed. Te3ts on acidity showed
that absorption, of W and Mo were prar.- Ucally independent
of pH value, but Re absorption increases with inverse p1l.
Therefore wash#g, was aar,-~,ied out with alkaline solution.
Fig 8 shows that Ho and W are washed out -before Re~'
The final solution containing R9 hash small, amounts Mo and
W present. Hot soda gave better restilts than cold soda.
Card 2/3

UJI P ILA HIM 11 III111111JUMIUMIJUKHRIE1 1111111111IF1111311 111111HAN1111 IMI 111ILM11111 ARRIN 11111-14MU111firm U111 HUMME Fill
Ch
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3 H all
Vila
ABU v
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fit

[lei
ZIMAKOV -t-Ye---SPITSYN, Vlkt.I., akademik
Effect of radioactive radiation energy, on the rate of evaporation:of
a.solid. Dok1. All SSSR 141 no.6:14C,0-1402 D 161.. (MIRA 14:12)
1. Institut fizicheskoy khimii AN SSSR.
(Radioactivity) (Evaporation)

il,~Mili-'l JIV-M U;05111M 1-IMAg-'PIPUR L4 IllF -11111111 till: if IIIEVIIIII11RIIIIII
I Ye,
t. akademik; ~Z A,
Wfect of the racH.PJactivity of mplytide:rium trioxide on the ra-W. of
its vaporization. tbokl. AN SSSR 139 no-3:6y4-657 41 '.61. .(MI#A 14:7)
1. Institut fizicheskoy khimU AN SSSR.
(M,.%1ybd6nu~m oxide) (Solids, 'Effect: of radiatom on'
(Vaporiz#Lon)

3243-9
S/020/61/141/00(,/01.8/021i
L)o 13105/13147
AUTHORS; 7_1Hal~joy,L-4a..., and Spitsyn. Vikt. 1,,~Acadqmician
TITLE- Effect of radioa,i,.tive energy on the evaporation rate of:a
solid
PERIODICAL: Akademiya nauk S43SR. Doklady, v. 141., no. 6, 1961, 1400-1402
TEXT: This is a supplement t6 a previous paper by the authors on the
effect of the radioactive levit,tl upon the evaporation rate of. MOO (te;f"
Vikt. I. Spitsyn, I. Ye. Zimakov, DAN, No. 3 (7961)),; where also the
99
production methods of MOO with different Mo Contents werft described.
3 90
The effect of P-radiator additions such as a) Y (E Max ~ 2,18 Mev)l :b)
Mo 9 9 (E 1.23 Mev), and c,!, W185 tE the value
max % max - 0.43 Mev) as well as
of their radiant energy were i~.itudied. In case a), Mo 03 powder was soaked
with a certain quantity of dimsolved radioactive yttrium nitrate (or-of
not radioactive yttrium nitrate an control), dried, and therefrom
Card 1/3

5243_2
S/020/61/141/01o6/01.8/021
Effect of radioactive energy.~,. B103/13147
fractions of 0.5 0.25 mm ive're o'jtained by screening. Tb e specific
radioactivity was related to MoO c) As admixture,,radioactive aiamonium
tungstate was added to the arwaonium molybdate solutions After evaporation
of the solutiong the residue ivas moistened with nome.drops of 11VOY.
calcined, and fractions obtained like in case a). The evaporation rate
was determined in an electric oven from.the change in the length of1the
quartz spring to which the specimen was,fixed. A atream of dry air or
nitrogen (flow rate 10 ml/m in) was passed through at 700 t 1'Ci, T h,-
changes in the weight of the weighed portions were noted and used for
plotting evaporation curves. 'The evaporation rate (ER) of, the Dreparations
containing non-radioactive Y ~,,tnd of those with an initial~specific
radioactivity of 1.0 and 2.0 inillicuries/g is practically constants 'Fron
3 millicuries/g onward, the ER of the non-radioactive speoi0ens differe
considerably. The ER of each'specimen increases steadily, since the
radioactivity of the residual.preparation increases owing to Moo 3
evaporation. In the case of o.-) this difference setij in at 5 mill
No radioactive products were 1"ound in the sublimate,. The dep,~,ndence of the
ER from that
of MOO 3 on its specific radioactivity does not differ
Card 2/3

32432
S/020/611141/o,96/olf3/021
Effect of radioactive energy_~ B103/BI~7
described in Ref. I, Thus, it 'has been found that the ER oe 'Moo dt~pends
not only on the radioactivity level of the preparationt. but.also on the
radiant energy of the radioactive addition. The ER of A160 3~in affected
not only by the radiation of a),but also by the radiation of -the foreign
radioactive inclusions in the solid phase. There are figures and 1
Soviet reference.
ASSOCIATION: Institut fizicheskoy khimii Akademii. nauk, SSSR(Institate
of Physical Chemitittry of the Academy of Szience!; USSR)
SUBMITTED~. July 22, 1961

ZIMAWV, I.Te.; ROZUVSKIY. G.S.
Method of multiple radioactive dilution for tho determination of,
small quantities of alfmixture6. Trudy komoanalikhIm. 9:231-239
158. (KMA 11 U)
(Ra4:IcchG=ietrjr)

Fail W"11111HIJ 11111111111 1`1 Jill
5(2)
AUTHORt Zimakovp I. Ye. BOV/1
.1 o2-25-2-2/7'8
TITLE: The Determination of the Solubility of Barium -tungs tate " by
Means of the Radioactive Tungsten Isotop's _185 (Opred'
eleniye
.
rastvorimosti vo.11framata bariya s ponoshchl~u radioakUv-
nogo izotopa vollframa - 185)
PERIODICAL; Zavodskaya Laboratori7a, 1959, Vol 25, Nr 2, pp 133-134;(US"SR)
ABSTRACT.- Slightly soluble barium tungstate (1) in used in separatling~
tungsten from rhonium in the determination of the rhenium
content in tungsten concentrates. In the predent.case the
solubility of (I) was determined in wator. The indicator used
185) possessee!a A -radiation with an erierK
(W , y of 0. 430 14ev.
and a half-life ~',f 73.2 aays. Tests were carried out in~a
vessel with a sp3lral agitator. The activity ci~* the dry,,
residue was measured by means of the counter IIST-17 and the'
solubility calculated on ths basis of an equation (Tabled).
The curve representing the solubility as a function of:the
'
l) shows that (I) is the least soluble at
temperature (Pig
100 C and that the solubility increases moderatoly at
Card 1/2 temperatures belov 100 C. The dependence of the solubility

Ne Determination of the Solubility of Barium- WV/32-25-2-2/7$
tungstate by Means of the Radioactive Tungsten Isotope',- 185
on the pH value itras studied with a pH moter df,the LP-5~
type with a glaso electrode at 200 in hydrochloric acid,a.-,xd
soda lye. The inyestigation results show (Fig 2) that the
precipitation of (I) is most complete at a pH value of
There are 2 figures and 1 table.
ASSOCIATION: Gosudarstvennyy nauchno-issledovatellski.y institut tsvetnykh
metallov (State Scientific Research Institute for Non-fe,rrous
Metals)
Card 2/2

Ell IA I HiMill I I lilffl 111111111111 IIIIIIIIIIINA I iful4irlimillil 111111111 HIIIINHWI11111 WHIIIII'l 111HRIMH
SPITSYNS V1 Gift akadtsmik;~~4;wov. I.Ye.
Effect of radiwtiviw radiatim from Y9() and Y9" on the sdubil ity
of yttrium hydroatWs,, Dokl.AN SSSR 138 no.lsl30-'&32 Yq-Je 61.:
(KUU 1414)
1. Institut fiziches~'Cqy khimii AN SSSR.
(Yttrium-Isotcries) Mtrium b~mdroxide) (Solubility)

1", ljFlI:tt ;I ]till li!] I If I I11111111111113, 111111ti 11 1 If I I III I I [If hot! II I
9.'TMA OW J.ye-t_
Use of radioactive Vacers to check oeriain analytioal methods
of separating rhaniua and molybdenvm. Sloor. riauch. trud.
Gintsvetm.U. no.18:56-59 161* OMU 16:7)
(Rheni-wii-Metallurgy)
(Mol~lxlenum-Meta.Uurgy)
ClULdioactive tracers)

25725
Lj 6 00 S10261611439100310241025
2 B127/13206
AUTHORS; Spitsyn, Viktj, I., Academician, and Zimakov,tI. Ye.
TITLE: Effect of radioactivity of molybdenum anhoride on the rate
of its evaportittion
PERIODICAL: Akademiya nauk SSSR. Doklady, v. 139, no. .3, 1961, 6154-657
TEXT: For their studies theauthors used preparations of molybdenum
anhydride containing Mo99 (lialf-life period 68.3 hr) which emits
P-particles of high energy (E ~1,23 Mev, 85 %0). The specimeng bad ai
max
specific activity of 1.0-28.0 millicuries/ g. A mix ture of calculatod
amounts of highly active and inactive MoO was conv,,-rted with ammonia
3
into ammonium molybdate; the solution was evaporated and.annealed with
small amounts of nitric acid to prevent the reduotion of hexavalent~Mo
through ammonia. The MoO 3 obtained was mixed -aith emall. amounts of,NbP,
and ZrO 2, and sublimated at 0500C in, a weak air current for purification
from radiochemi;zal. admixturei3. The particle size was 0.25-0.5 mm.
Card 1/5

. ............. . ......
25725
s/020/61/139/003/024/025i
Effect of radioactivity of molybdenum... B127/B206
Working method: A dry current of airlwas conducted thraugh the layer of
molybdenum powder at a rate of 8 ml/min and 7000C t'emperlature~ Every
15 inin, the quart2 crucible was removed, cooled, ivalghe&, and again
suspended in the tube, Table 1 shows the experimen.tal results, Pj.'h e
following dependence be-tweeri rate of ova.-ooration azid radioactivity,was
established: At a specificlactivity of M0,00 3of 2-5:-3 millicurieti/g, the
rate of evalporation equals the inactive specimen. At a specific activity
of 2.5-4 millicuries/g, a drop of the rate of evaporation was established.
At 4-9 millicuries/g, a fast increase of the rate of evaporation wa's
observed, which was retarded at a further increase of the specific
activity. An increase of the electric charge on the surface was observed
on the basis of P-particle emission. It probably also had an effect on
the rate of evaporation, whioh becomes obvious in an interaction between
the surface of the hard subs,tances andthe gaseous inoleaule3. In the
Moo molecule, the Mo is surrounded by three negatively charged oxyg~en
atoas. The positive charge of the solid 00 3 prevents, thereforeo
transition into the vapor phiise. The following experimett was madefor
eXDlanation: In a crucible with radioactive MoO,, an earthed platinum
Card 2/5

. ..... . ... .....
25
741
S
01611139 0310410~5
Effect -of,radioaotivity of mol:irbdenum..., B127/B206
wire was brought directly to the specimen. The resul a in ;P
I igs- 3 and 4 T
confirm the,assumption that th(i. electric charge oauses~ the retardation 0f-
-2-5-4 tO g. 'The inorease of the rate,
the rate of evaporation, at* llicurieg/
of evaporation of MOX03 - above, 4-5 millicuries/-g depends. on the;' radiatli6n
effects in the gaseous phase. A strong flow of 13-parltioles, ionize's the I j.
evaporated molecules to moo+ ~wh,ich repel themselves from the surface.' The
3
suiface of the crystals is* changed through radioactive, r4tdiation.. The
enilrely'dif
elOotron-micro f erent i
soopio piotures,s:owed a surface for MoO
3
_~vati~no, and
from that for AO which 1b full of irregularitieeg'el
depressions, the size of whioh tiepends on the strength.;of thelspeaifia~,
radioactivity. It is also pointed out that the rate of evaoration
beagins to increase only at dose,) > 1016 ev/g-geo in the casi ~f an
external irradiation of MoO~ by,,an electron current of 800 kev, There'are:'
4 figures, 1. table, and 14 Soviiitt-bloc references.*-
qard
.3/5 ---- --

V_! "I I '!I A I IIIIIIII ~1;11 !111711111111 UIIIII k III[]@ wmi II[II
72e
0/024/00t
Effec,t of radioactivity cf,-molyUenum... 3127/B206
.41
ASSOCIATION-
Inotitut fizicheakoy khimii Akademii nauX~SSSR (Irietitu't
Physical Chemistr~y, Acade of Sciences !SSR)'
MY
SUBMITTED- April 12,- 1961
)Jp
Table 1 . Rate of
evaporation Of U003
a function of the
as out
.,.2 ;.e. at 2 "sea
wo
specific radioactivity'n "Pon",
(r
MAR.). r
PATIII %Cult 000AX-1, r j'M'V. v,
I
of preparations.
Legend (1) Number
5,0 7 5.0 6,tta .'3,5 rt-,~
I HeaK. 0,t240
of the preparation; 1 1458 ~.' -
T;113HUR 1 8 7,0 01
(2) specific radio- 2 i'o 0, 1240 6,0 0. 8,4 0
activity, millicuiies/g; 3 2.0 0,1240 5,1 to 1010 011656 ;415
4 2,5 0 IM 6 0 11 14,0 0,1600 5'o
(mean
(3) amount of 14003 5 3,0 ONM 5:0 12 20 0 0 1623 000
014(LIJ
d
value) evaporate in 4,0 0,1125 5,6 13. 280 9 6.0
2 hr, grams -1 .(4) observed
deviation from the
mean value,
'A
Card 4/5,
jl~

.27266
S/020/6-1/i 39/005/020/0,21
B103/kO,9
Z7 9400
AUTHORSs Spitsyn, Vikt. I., Academician~ Zemlyanova, L. I.~
Mikhaylenko, I. fe.j Gromov, V., V., and Zimakov, 1. y4k,
TITLE: Electron-microso,opic examination of the effek~t of radios,
active radiation of solids' on the structure of their sar~fac~e
PERIODICALt Akademiya nauk 513SR. Daklady, v. 139, no. 5,' 1961, ii6~-ti65
TEXTt The crystal lattice of solids is disturbed by the ionlzzng action
of their own radioactive radit~tttion and the appearing recoil atoms, which'
also changes their surface structure. According to. -the authors, all ~,thifl
may be one of the causes of the effect exerted on physicoch-3mical
properties of solids by their own radiation (801!ptive power, solubility
in water, kinetics of heterogeneous processes of isotopic exchange,.,
catalysis, etc.). The authorsmade el ectron-micros cop ic studies of the
surface structure of radioactive samples of K S13 118SO ?3aSO and
2 4 4s 44
Moo which had been used previously to study adoorption. catalysis, and
3
isotopic exchange. Except for BaSO 40 the pLotuzmes wore ob".a.ined by
Card 1/ 5

M66
S1020 '61/139/005/020 02
Electron-microscopic examination-.. B103/B208
replication, and for BaSO 4 thi? method of double replicas (siiver-quattz
replicas) was used. K2SO 4' K"S04' and M003 were applied to a d I1.!~ n
film in the form of a fine powder. A 200 - 300 9 thick quartz layer wa,,~
sputtered onto it in vacuo. Af ter dissolution of collodion in amyl
acetate, the quartz replica were rinsed in distilled water in the case of
K2SO 4 and MgSO 49 and in dilut;? alcohol in the cane of MoO 3* Ra d, I oa 1~ V.~
sample3 of K and Mg were obtained by adding small. amounts -,)f fb~$04. r on.-
35. ~ , I
taining S Bago 4 precipital;es were isolated by a method prev~ouj Y
described by Vikt. 1. Spitayn, V. V. Gromov (DAN, !2~(-, 722 (1958);
wa~_Iu I
Radiokhimiya, .19 181 (1959)). Radioactive M60 3 s obtained by add ing an
99
Mo containing sample to ordinary MoO in orier attain the neconsary.
3
specific radioactivity. The iaixture.wn,6 converted to! ammonium molybd'ate'
by treating it with aqueous alamonial it decomposed when heated,, ThR
resultant M60 was sublimed at, 8500C. When comparing the piotures
3
(magnifications 12,000 times) [Abstracter's notes Not reproducibael ne
Card 2/ 5

27266
S/020/61/139/005/0201/02,1
Electron-mioroscopic examination... B103/B208
authors found the following differences in the crystal surface of a);
radioactive and b) non-radioetative samples% 1) Thesurfane of t-)
.' is
comparatively smooth; that of a) highly pitted. The cryntal surfaca of
BaSO is changed to a high extent by incorporation of sma~ll radium
4
amounts. K so , BaSO , and HoO also shov some changes in their surfac-T
2 4 4 3
structure after an external !Irradiation with 800-kev electrons. Altbough
the dose was much higher in this case, the changes were less pronounopd,
than those caused by radioactive radiation, The above surface defdc-ts
appear rather regularly over the whole length of the crystal of the
radioactive substance. The dieep cavities observed in samples irradiated
with neutrons were absent,, The surface ohangeo resemble those otser'7ed~ln
metal etched by an ion beam. The authors further ooncluda from the com-i
parison of the photographs that the surface defeots of tho ra4i(7,art.ivF)
samples develop already during the separation of the solid phase froml the
solution or-from the gas. They assume that the radiation~of electrons or
other charged particles during the crystallization of solid substanc:ai
gives rise to a great number of new active centers .(seed crystals',. Th e
particle-size distribution on separation of radioactive salts from
Card 3/5

M66
S102616 1/1-3 9/00 Iz/O? 0,102 1
Electron-microscopic examination..., B103/B208
ASSOCIATIONt Inatitut fizicheiskoy khimii Akaderaii nauk SSSR (Institute
of Physical Chemistry of the Acadonky of Sciences USSR),
SUBMITTEDs April 15, 190
Gard 5/5

!1! -1111 A 111~9 I "I MW 11111,
ZIMAK070 1. am -20ZHAVSK-jor.a. S.
'Method of repeated reditiective dilution forthe detemirtation of
smanadmixtures (of the order of 10" to
report presented at The Use of! Radioactive Isotopes in AwaAical
Chemistry, Conference in mosc(iv, 2-4 Dec:1937
Vestmik Ak Nak S53R. 1958. Nc. 2. (author Rodin. S. S-)

ZIMAKOV, I.Te.
Determining the nolubtlity of barium tunggtate with, mdiodativIm tiliwatea-
165..Zav.lab. 25 no.2#.133!-134 1 59. (MIRA 12:3)
1. Gosudarotvenrqy nauchm-lasladovatellskiy institut tsyetrWkb
metallov.
(Barim tuWtatos) (soitibiiity) (Tu"s tan-lootopes)

I I VIII I MIP r Will V 11, 1111V11:1 1111.31111 IIE: q1II IIII, 1C.,
AUTHORS: Zimakov, I. Ye.t qozhavakly, 0. S. SOT/32..24-8-2,,"43
TITLE; The Method of Altaltiple Radioactive Dilution:for. Dctcrminlnj~r.-
Trace ATnounts 1.1i (Iletod nnogokratndg6 radloaktivnbgo~'
razbavloniya dlya opraoelpniya mnlvkh primeney)
PERIODICALi Zavodskaya Laboratoriyal 1958, Vol-;' 1~, Jr ~'t 9
22-925
.
,
a
(USSR)
ABSTRACT: Previous methods of using radioactive dilution for deter-
mining trace amounts in mixtures have had a,cartain d1sad-'.
vantage. The spocific activity and the amount-of the i4olated
substance have had to be determined by.an analytical m~thoa.
In this paper a method is described which eiia'inates this
disadvantage. Thia determination involves adding two diffeiIent
amounts m I and ot2 of the ralioactive iisotop6 6f.the substlq~'nce
x being determined to two similar solutions-of this substance.
By withdrawing equal amounts of substance y.the concentration
of the substanco x to be analysed can be calculated &I64orling
to the activity,. The paper gives the formula.for calculating
the concentration, and gives several other Oquations as well.
If the weighed -jimount of the eample to
be analysed and;the'
Card 1 ,,
specific activity of the preparation are increased the.ad-

will
The Method of Multiple Radiottollive Dilution 510-V/32-24-6-2/43,
for Determining Trace Amounts in Mixtures
mixture can be 49termined in the order~Iof ma"itude of'
-7
10-5 ;
A tmetho:a of
to 10 m'tith an accuracy of abo, t 10 :,*
determining trao amounta of antiaony In leia was worked out.
The main problem here was to find a way, by hich snallAnd,
equal amounte oV thit aubstance b alyse4~could bs
o 0 at~onoe It L '
separated from solutions of dif rent n rations. The most
sititable method found for.thin purpoee was extraction of the
aitimony-methylviolet complex compound with *.toluene. The op-
timal acidity oAV the antimony solution,was found to be 1:9
in HCl. k. procedure-as well astables of results obtained are
given.
There are 2 tables.
Wjkh AeUw
A 1-1,; C, A TC. -)sudars tven:iyy nauukmo- Lsdludovatel SiltAx i 1-1v, ut tj"rk
'itat,2 3vIvritific iaoLitute for W)n-ferroua M~t~llrl)
Card 2/2

S/02P/63/148/004/0:!2/025'.
B14 /B.101
4-
A U1111011S ZimakwL.--L--4Ce.-,-.DobromellakayaI N. P,, Sp~tnyn, Vilcto I.1
"Tc-ademician
TITLE: Effect of the'radioactivity of molybdonum trioxide *the.
change of its specific surface
PERIODICAL, Akademiya nauli SSSR. Daklady, v. 148~9-no.~4o 1963,
884-885
TEXT: The specific surface vias studied in Moo samples containing
31
different quantities of.Mo99 (T 66-3 hr, H- (P) 1,23 Mev)., ~A
1/2 maz
mixture of radioactive and non-radioact.ive MoO,; was oonvorted'by NH PH
4
to ammonium molybdate. The colution was evaporated U~nd the: r4eidue:
calcined with addition of HHO, to prevent reduction of sexivalent Mo,by
3
NH The MoO recovered was mixed with small quantities of Nb 0 and
3' 3 0 2 5
ZrO and sublimated at 850 C. The surfaces were measured in sampl,es:of
2
Card 1/2

-- - -----------
S
/020/63/146/004/022/625
Effect of the radioactivity of JB140101
0-5 - 0.25 mm granulation. The extelznal specific surf ace, (without lolind
pores) was measured by filtering rarefied air through the sample and
determining the resistance. At radioactivities up to C~e ld.mou/g, thete
surfaces decreased slightly, vhereas with higher mou -values they increased.
The total surface was determined by the BET methiq with adiorption of
krypton (area occupied by the Kr molecule,--19,,5 Additions of
radioactive MoO 3 up to 10 mou reduced the total specific surface
(maximum 30~,), while higher adhtions increased it. The s66lute valuen,',
obtained by the two methods were rather similar$ vhld~ indioateo onlyA
mall number of blind pores. !Booed on a previous atudy (D40o 1399 654
(1961))s tht reduction of the i~pecific surface with 16w radioactivition
is attributod ~to the reduction, of the evaporation rateii~ Hig~er radio"!
#activity entails higher evaporation rates and formati6 7nof dendrites o.wing
to the effect of P-particles. there are 2 figuria'a.
ASSOCIATION; Institut fizichoskoy kh1mii Akadeinii nauk SSSR (Inatituto'
of Physical ChetAstry of the Acadfty of Sciences USSR)
SUBMITTED: November 16, 1962
Card 2/2
. MM

-ACC:NRV'ALT60Z -00 371 a 515'H/0
SOURCE C)ODZ: U /Z~6416 00/00z/o
AUTHOR: Spitayn, V. I.; Zimaka,;r, 1. Ye.; DobroseLls
ORG: none
TITLE: The influence of radiation on the f6r~iation ~afid 6:ftffdrni46 ~rysik-
7
SOU_RCE-..,AN.-_,SSSP-L. Institutkristallograti .~-Roiit:kristaxlq 5 765,;
TOPIC TAGS. crystal growth. qrNrstal defortnaLions, :~adf.166bn dhim, era~ihtio4:
effect
Cadet
ABSTRACT:1n.the last 5 -years the 4sica C~eI6 3W ~k
Sciences SSSR (Institut fizicheskoy khinaii Ak;ideaiii nauk_~K'% &*it ered atinn.erous
data concerning the intl d ids , their phlflco.
chemical properties, - !~tqjLce of raidioactive radiationa of it i-. 41p
in particular the The
present article contains further da'.a collectVA during the stiiidy of radioactive
crystalline powders of barium tung sti tpmentary autfur, mobrbdenurn tri- and
dissulfide, all synthesized by cryataffizattion'IT-ram Golullions aind ga.saous vapors, and
-9- r&-dioactive and radioacti%,e samples wifF, differ-
precipitation frorn alloys, T e
ing specific activity were prepared under fitrictLy idenficaL oandiUons. Theigankples
were studied by measuring their size and their specific. surfmce. 1rid by taking.
e leg ttron -miscroscapic pictures. The paper describes; in considerable detait-the

-66
-) - ---
26~45.~ EXT(m
-ACC t~.,- iW11474 emicz CODE: Wido
T, A,
IV,
,
U
Aumom
OFO: Inatitute of Physiml ChemAptuy,.
811 _ fitichtgkcry,
khimii Akademii nauk
TITLRi Investigatiolt of the iftnu~mae :De Ts&Omtjve addg, dn fkjmd I
face ;tructure Of -!~94t
SOURCE: KriGt.&L1DgmfiYa, ~;,U,, P.P. 3966, 3,16-p,~
TOPIC TAW.e molybdenum canpound,, radjoacjejvjtV 3ffwL,,, nxrtice. Ivopemty, (*~Pmtaj-
lization
ABSMACT: The duthors investisimitai under an electron mj=OiwOpa! 0*1 x'm1u41strdn-
ture of aamj3les of moLybdenua. C~Mtmjhjng dif,,rextnt amouftc Ot rs&"dtj-41's
W'49, which emita high-energy p Pwtlaltem (1.23 IMIL-v) te valm-bively Sbcr~ h4Ljf lilt

min I UWA.6w. V'Ju t;vuctju W~j c1ril !In w fill
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No 411%treixvt w"e Nuttut in the 7%1 t4int tilt 44 111'.
Atan& at dilkircut Rv~- S'A KnIPA.,
me #it
See
me 400
00
so Ptoo
goo
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90
000
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ore
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0 0-0aOiOa e 0 0 6 000 0.00 00 ore 0o1 0 1

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Ime W1a;6uFWOO_f1Qilu711___
A it's , I
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physsill. ( S' I ) 14. 14F.'
On French. M"Iftst.. .-The malclial it) 1w 411wys.m J-
A
60 .00
u0=1ailiced at ternpo. Wow 4141, tiesilvA with d,J.,
it to Otmild wvwW fits., Gftmd and the AllrAirf p
1 11 J,
eymull, to 411mum. To the re%Wite I-$ alifilcil I.'-' cv. if
1: 1 11cl Still ilistd, MO to JA tv., a.-MI lij.". H jut-ell -0 0
through twi win. fm ls-~Nj tuim, A.It" Stalottims 1% bli
:hc suldilleCav filteml ml wallb"i 16mutijkly iml iii. [-sot
so I
filtrate is cniml. to 61". To the 1"Wile 1W Alldftl "Ji,
of &C,11 lfoA.! and 11.4 cv. 4 11.0. and 11,1; i.
*0 Unticriltrwrondi
tioms,416 polt-4. luld k-Ave-.4 Ow 44d&k. W Fc, t1i ioul 0 iii go*
%4m Allo 12 IN Imi OZ~i a, t4 Ali' I. 4w I.sle 6addrd h,
theNAtt. with mitituttiout the win. taillicim, imppl.
00 .3 is witabed 01th 1IOAc, WS Iota, and 11,0 antil frec at Fo, Cal 0
*0 C IuW %"s A " tuoisicnigir with 2% ~jljCXS ingli.
111rMOM-oc SINWItce of PC. Tht 1411. 1% irtuld4l
00 Xi"h .2A'cc"gI3 AV JICI. rise win. rsdiM, to 10 n% atW I ct-.
~99 -12" K.Fc;!CNh L' addtil. The turbitlityul'the, im-la. im
~'.omimumj viiih th~Lt (it PtanLijrd wta4, .vnig.
ult. fit Zm. ! The rrudts are 104% in error at UAZI wig. abs
L.-~ 7.3% &r 0.04 0.2 u-s. of Zz. S. A_ KAriaLl zoo
aoo
Iwo*
noldl
C5 v
110
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b
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o
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q IF N Xft 116
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43
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es. Tho Mct&
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Mg.
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maucce All th* wumk trithtlas awl all
&MIS, aft Ift'retit to tho Out IM after C (11411 of 11114
11
ld6viuc Ifthilac. After
period it dbvi As. to
U
aormal avitt a kog period of Clow. S. A.
HWA
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v
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41441.i 44TALLUOIGICAL 1,11144TOAR CLASSWOT" soM

~~ we10

Ckv Ost w at :4144�1 04 W. All
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119'ei

at a v fw a w a i ir ve 9a4v
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Cdt4* ,jlddA9kft 4d dbt 01OW to GaQIIAL P. V
N

wc Mc -C
17. A. fitabowiM sopt. mm t. ae ne
U.R.S.S.Oid4l
OW(Rd -3 19441 (in F 4
IU) Otow a Ac =An % gk~ (1) wap
4 wwtv (Ift
w
l
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h
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4
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I - ni -1 -i 1 -.1 T, 1, 7, 1, 174 -K -1-L,
7%A
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00
at' qAytme acidia train oil
00 0
00 VjkWy Allad. N',ixk 3.S.S.R. so,
3l%P22tIMjr:-:-PA%saV of (C11.0 ver Pb cok
valaar 41
-deposited an punlim at Im, reswul any to tracell of
10 ethylene (Mklc (1). A444. of Steal!" to IhO rapw 111" witall, (ItVilrAW ill
' ' li Ill his.' loixlathill f"
till (CM In %ftMIl 911113.) kk'MWS the Yiew,commiclerlibir Fhtkj,, ell by list
; liopedialty If Allettil lawil; at* 21.4de. 'JU cAtAlytt. I
TwWv CJ wmci. It tht
isimew. IN V"y capittly Inactilol The witill"t YkQ lit
00 1 to,26 W44 111EXIOC41 With 111t.11 CUCA11161 lit 11M) .. ot""W. t,v I.wiwllt~ml Ot,
Add".
*0 x I- trv*h CU43 to tile cufalyst cmul, in the best whk fillip
Alul I. Later whill I =. le.111i.In Willi ItK); Aell kolifil't
(0.41'~) lit the range Abirtic !M* son" The 19%1-1-tillic
00 AM q Imitol with the imil. yiehl ObtAitim lit 2141" t joll Ill All iwmlivirm6wi toll I.
Mkj.tv"l is awilocm.., 1 In' of (C;1110~
tk0cled. : -
vitioof Ile'l, I sw-mutl too 4,21-4114.1
1.0 Illy, ,I Ill I lie
Ill VAItKXWIC l1lVPUVAIfA OU jMlUkV Vilailta lit 149U -till, sljj~i wil,
1:1 : ,
re"fillsa ill& tu -,&v (with 1w willolut slaun) I abuwc ZW' I vllm Y'li 4"iflil I Ir"I'Sil Wit,O),
00 at 3A)-) the 1weldsof Ii'mapAt"V 0 11 Ow Obtained
1 41110
the PbO c.4tlilylst Used " SUMWKb. , 11M of Vann.
rhe
46 0 Lited OWU film as the catalyst results' 4 flartuatim of I
to lie
x abavt U)" (with metim), with a now" ISO
above 2W*. Acif &W QQ1XJ4OJj ul tam
2% a" u4c4). This clawylot ill" c 41turabdity.
bm fur
moo
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too
ras
..........
All* ILA OffALLURCKS1. MIENA14181 C:4 0
coo
n I I a A# 4
ro u 11 41 'Cl 114; pp it 0. at it it (A u w it it a
00 0010 0 0 0 4it0OLO 0 e 0
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le 00 oleo 0-

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la m pmkimid" of tk* wkictwo sawl

ctwm 20 W-MM.-Tba bmt 4A' kd d
. pu~mtw of cithykilt ntkfq "a Iw
=%tW for nd

by

oo
anuiWag the resmowce form 401s.01,1.0- sad "0
1
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cum fu ssjk.) it, owl$
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(194" )( lttrAjwj~.-fl
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bend c" bii eLfty ce=p&. Ev eqw to dmg for go 0
OM
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ultesn" lica fgti" of OMYI- -me poly-ar. p
lialskow old r1l." Wtvl1stfs. "Auly
It, I fW I
r
pr-luml GY doiltut Wiih vither dil. N*QII or SliClo in.
alkali W. wds qlaltut, *rmifmmt vtjtlk fit KAVVi A 611`110
with much Il"I g"oluthm 4441 Ito PlAhl fleliv, v4puld be 01),
tAk-1; ficattflect with A# Nth mAdily plao. Attic while, k t
btwr,btv* lfcv I.' ~fcafmtuf with I IN lot 4S bul. sAvit n 114421.)
product, b. L(Xl*,, whioe conitantis afir One to thow of th,
"Une, A 1" 111*4 "Iflit imArwr livithak, lgavrerilaytt.
CAN which OWIL irdiv un4tAhk; the fWadvet. M. Kl*. appqat"
to be 01 0jo(*1);jY)/, Trestivis Wob Melf Yi0j.14 k%*,r.
IC" CrYll4b, M. IM*, Whith 6LPIKW to be 41401.441.11. (4.
Aprtrvnslv mill Use reswilote 1wrtfurts coil be formstiatell lik,
stl(luctsoldloAafle at or* 6(the 0 040m, M, K.

i it Ift 'A
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it Its T I T
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it
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09 14MAi WOO, The ptrOvit,ty pitpimuA 0-iii-file 11. Itilif
1, C.A. 40. 134-144) tit the inktAlimi on d4 All 041410,
with fik to Swip (ClItINOAtid 30%-CKIl anti 13.0&( Z!S*
cif,-Cffcll(t (tit).
11 iti-It-I UYSSIrl"ITint Pliv"Ophihakini mt hv twkUtIlm at bt 31-'~ 1 with isir jaAwI ist Ill I lier i-oo
41! -Mfl -, .. .1
00 Z 141LIal. dii.m. by Ifir nivillivi tit I'llNitti 1('. 1. 27. 24,10. I-51w. U-71). st-I ~Jskl'. g- .,I XI n"
with all AS Im.,smkr cAlmIq,1 nblimitt 15 issin. In 4tkm-'.llm
ism
4.1wlOrtle"I fill 41441416"f #,1 :1 VJ,
Itmat
N 111, no ON; at
411.1 11 1 V"I
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lededalcillit with wil h All 11scia'spik,
-
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,, At 3W. the VIC141 1.9 It
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lleld wills Ow V It., -mt 4~141V.I.
i
I Alt"It. 14M. all tweim A Aqt is mk. 11.41, 41 1'. the
o extent 411 bll"~ tail slusillif to C06 All-I It,') Willi -ally
Small filitits. Of fif
yiekfa of 111. e.g.. M-0 I + 410 ~ U..&I 2311 " (",4 rote I A%

l
i and MO It. mOks, ''hr, trastf., fely, 11-4 Ati-I It.
i
i

s
L with purv, I tvAl%Nt. f,w al1j, 4 loi
PF a 1111tols w he Ibir inimilitilimle 11111,1viti Ill ljjf~ 11,L"Alip"
4te
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hc~ t
i
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g
l
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Some pecuMuitlet of strutture and famation ol! d1ounit.
V. Zitnakcn, and G. F. Slarjolina. Amr. Fir. Xhin.
PI
.
23' cf. Ddkludy Ak4d. Vauk S..','.S.R. U.
Fit 1917)~-Vioullc is particulArly stable lwvall,~ it 1k;j, !) z
monAnft strui.1turcs. Famiatio" of dioune prwreds v6
oxonlunt comixfs. twc-ause thcbt hAve an two highet

WKS1 No WNW* V111100.
rare,, Unwow). ; i
IWIUVI41011 AIM4110 11HII&P MfllsifW
tbw P"t pmxkfac 10 hm" V*t#Ab. *bile ravioly oldollons
pywassiMill "d Misted, Cda "m Mklige livik-0 rawlt,11w,
Ott filtmhoclog Into OA ~100 "d3f. jy~ t 4 -4. :
or adfamusse. wip ftnwm k it IT ackmi 1,10 (hr
has FIA64h poulk4w. PgAyphel *d so wonow flafe
rmulyst* i" tho $wsm"louso, paMoliom of %"bi4r*jrq wish
Wito grimspos. Appotesmily WMA mytis"!Yto vis ostlioll-If
-ApkRy ouldliting tabolaom wlib 1"divi
of
ad the pallicipal1w of adr"Olisse its an Intell

Ili P b 191fibil

I

c
- C~' * 4*1j. 1 -.-. . - I I
f T~- tIl 'rj~;,f. P.1111:1 aj lappliffil 1~~
"

-t Cherlatry- - Physical chord, atry,
JI/ Put. 147 - 10/26
Authora t zimakovi P. V,
Title I t~6;viar of C,Ii 0 at I.Cla'.)eraturell
Fe,~io-iical t Zhur. fiz. khi-m. L, 76-8,2., jl;-n 1955
Ab:3tract I The M-rolysis of cit~yl.ene oxidri in comb hm Liam with nitrogen fLnd tha
re,,~ctlon c-r the C-JI. ,-W, fil.hylenci, acatyllw.v, 'be-Irl:Mn and Ioluen(j
were ::e.~atrlar or tl,,e i';Ih aL
-raturcs (above C) I'lle Obtailed.
teiripi w, ts~
peratures exceed.ne, 141,',10 C21140 is convert,(-(.i Int;o a
biradical,Dimethyl,erje oxide.
lwtitution
Submitted April 16, 1954
IMAM II 11,10mi ME
paq

--l-AT::A 'A

ailir. 7 6-583 yan

Carl 2/2 14 1.,71

-Ile

TA.bleg g,mpn

ZIKLKM,P.V.
i
peculiarities in the structure and properties of etb7lene omidO.
Zhur.fizokhim. 29 no-3:496-501 Mr 155. (MUU 8:7)
(Ethylene oxide)
a

...... . ......... ......... ...
Category: USSR Physical Chemistry-Molecule. Chemical bond 13-4
Abs Jour: Referat Zhur-Khimiya, No 9) 1957, 29552
Author : Zimakov, P.V.
Inst : not -grvMr-
Title : Experimental Confirmation of the Presence ~Df Oxonium Form of
Ethylene Oxide in Aqueaas Solutions
Orig Pub: Zh. fiz. khimii,, 1956, :30) No 81 1904-1905
Abstract: Distortion of valency angles in the molecUe of ethylen6 oxide (1)
must increase the affinity of oxygen to thil., proton and its tendency
to conversion to the "oxonium!' state. Coq?arison of blowing with
air, at a rate of about 10 liters per hour., of 1,5-1.6% solutions
of 11 in neutral and in acidified water) ai 15-20o, has revealed,
that from neutral sQlutlLons I is driven off, completely within 15
minutes, while in acidiJ'ied solutions Lip to 15% of the initial
amount of I are always 3mtained. In the opinion of the author this
is due to a Lowering of the vapor tension of I, caused by a solva-
tion, catalyzed by H ~'ions, w#h formation of the oxonium form of
Card 1/1 -5-

..71M"o
~Um
/Cheidcal L-l
Technology Chemieiial.Product6 and Their
rial Organic Synthesis
Application. UdUs~
,
~

Abs Jour
Ref Zhur WiniAi
So 1, 1956, 9A6
Author zimakov) PXV
Inst
Title : Current Methods fdr-the Preparation of My,'Lene Qxide
Orig Pub Khim. nauka i proi-st') 1957, 21, No 1p 24m33..
Abstract A review-article. Considered in detaLl aeeAhe two princi-.'
-
ne* oxide,
pal current method's for tbe ~plrieparati6n of ~yld
(I)I vhich are of significance in the industilalfpioduc.
tion of 1: a) thel method comprising,the StL-p of;hypocblo-
rinatioCof ethyleie (11) with subsequent,d6oomOsition of
-- the-result b) the metho& of direct oxi-
and--.
dation of .-II), vitk( OA or airj to I vithoUt;,0at%.-)rs'-: vo.-
"
-
lumetric oxi or over an Ag
c
atalyst :Vic", concer-
dation
ning the mechanism of both processes are conside;*4 and
discussed, A corq:arison is finde of the adv~mta&s,and
Card 1/2

/V'\ 6 t,-
90-9-98/62.
AUTHOR -ZIMAMV9 P Ve and KOGAN, L.M.
TITLE on'Two He!; n Trands in the Dehydrochlorination of Lower Alkylene
Chlorohydrins
(0 dvukh napravlentyakh reaktsii dsg1drokdar1v0mzdya.D1zshikh alkilen-
khlorg idrinovv Russ Lan) -
PERIODiCAL Doklady Akademii Nauk SMO 1957j, V61 115, Nr 2, pp 297-300 06S.SoR.)
ABSUIACT I~ the year 1959 it will be hundred years since the description by A.
Wdrz of the reaction mentioned in the title. At that time a new com-
pound, ethylene chlorids, was for the first time produced in an alka-
line medium. At prei3ent this reaction forms the basis of thf,'l commercial
production of ethylene by means of chlorine. No note was hitherto taken
of the fact that this substance is always obtained with an admixture of
1 - 2 0/0 acetaldeh, a, if the reaction is performed with application
.rd
of milk of lime, Thisse admixturescan d4welop due to a secondiary iso- -
meri'zation reaction of ethylene oxides In 1939 a French patent was
published concerning the formation of considerable quantities of alde-
hydes (or ketones) beside the a-oxides on dehydrochlorinaticip, of ali.
pathic chlorohydrins in the environment of "milk of Magnesia", The sub.
ject of the patent did not draw the attention of chemists to the two-
-way reactivity 6f the siiple compound (etbjylene chlorohydrin). Some
Card 113 yesL6 ago the authors made thorough investigation of the dehydrochlo-

2P-2-0/62
On Two Reaction Tranis in the llehydrochlorina;tion of Lower Alkylene
Chlorohydrins
rination of ethylenechlorohydrtn (denotibd ECIN in the f '0110wing) in
various media and co~iaditions* - The method of the French patent yielded
UP to 35 0/0 of itkqlaneoxide arA up to 50 0/'~ 'acetimildehyde. ihe 4u;_
0
thorn proved that atJ:iylene glycol develops only in the hydratatiod of
the primarily-formin;j et)Wleneoxide. Acetaldehyde,, ps the practically
only -reaction preduc~~ * (9 Be/
,0), with smaU. admixturea of ethylqrj~s,oxide
develops in aboilinig water suspension of. nicilteloxide, hydrate* This: pvo.-
ves that even such,a,simple.compound as.ECIH,, according:to tbe nature
of reagents acting,on itdistinctly shovs two,,reaction trands,It was
interesting to study the particularitieti of the dah~drochlorilnatioa of
EClH. In order to make the experimental checking of the above-Pintionad
assumption (ioomerization) easier, the authors, used;piopylenechlorohy-
drin (=PClH),, since this compound existat in 2 (at- a~_d P-) isomeAc
forms. Its,dehydrochlorination takes pla4e Ju'st, as sasily as tbat of
EClH. but it usually leads to a.yield of propyleno Ioxide higher:than
850/;- the causes of the small yield have not been determined.
Conclusions: 1.) Propion-aldehyde in greater quantities develops on.de-
hydrochlorMation of PClH only in suitatle media: aqueop suspensions
of magnesium- and e;speciallr nickel-hydroox-Wilf Thin is' in agr;atment
ard 22/3 with the rule governing in the case of E01H. 2,) Propion aldehyde dt-

7MMV) P4 V4) BYKOV) A. G. and USACMA, 14 A. (Minintry Of tile cmheirr-d
"Radio Electrochromatographic Method of Arzalyffin',
160tOPes Wd FS&Stlon In ChareAstry, CDUeCtlOZL Of PMP!T$ Of
213d M-Union Sci. Tech. Conf. ca Use of ftaoactj,"t wd $t4Able:~
!
RdagftJOn in Utiowl BWUOW and Scieuce, Wecov, Irz4-vo An SM, 1558, 3WW.~
This volum Vublisbed the reports or the Cbevinry S~atioa Of tbft
2nd AU Sai Tech C(mf on Use of SAdioacti'm abd MULe lsaqmpes wA Riwatian
in Sclertee and tat Itaional F==W, upowored by Aml Sal UMP end $Ain
AdMin fbr UtUization of Atomic &ergy wAer Col=i:k of Mftustem USSR
Nbscow 4-12 Apr iq~7.

.Z--j /y?
-0
10
d 061 m
1i Affig
9 121
in
Ch
"s 'All
All
a
Vill

IN; it MOV4 I KI "I~ I H 1, 40 it vlylwfli if TKII it ir!'SU 111 V 11,121.11111 nl'M I 11,11111111111 111 U A I I I I ~ I! I I I I I I'll I If ii I I I lilt I I 1111411.11111111111 111111111:11fig I I I 1. 19 111 MH I 911M I fill I J! 11M ILAWSW I
ZIKWT. P* T. and OMSOUSOV, L. A.
*Use of c136.111111
report presented at The Use of Radioactive Isotolms in Analytlcal
Chendstr7f, Cenference 4-n Moscow, 2-4 Dec 1937
7Mgtnlk Ak 190k �M, 1958, No. 2, (author Rodin, S. SO

soy/ 64--58-4-5/2o
AUTHORS: __Zim&k4vT-4L._~,.,Dootor of. Chemioal Soiencee,~ Rogan, L.' M.3
Candidate of Teohnioal.S!3iences
TITLE## On the Influenoo of Tsmpiirature oii the Procese of* the.
Hypochlorinaticni of Ethylene (0 vliyanii tomperaturY Ma
protsess gipok-h1orirovaniya etilena)
PERIODICAL: Xhimicheakaya.promyahlonnostIq 1958, Nr 4s 9?4 21o - 2i3(VqSR)
ABSTRACT: Already Carius (Ref 1) observed the rea'ation between ethylene
and hypochlorous acids however, atechnalogical use;of thiO
rean'tion took lace only according to the synthesis by,
Gomberg (Ref 2~ - Greatly dif f ering date, exist on -the inf lix-
ence of -the temperature on the course of reaction: Bxooks
(Ref 21) maintained that the hypochlorinati6n is to te.car-
ried 8-at at low -temperatures; Zapadinskiy (Ref 3) wowk6d at
0 .. 2 . while Tropech and Kassler (Ref lo~ showed thi~t th
an takes a better course than. at
reacti at 4o - 6o 0 :30
According to Domask and Kobe (Ref 15) a rise of temperatur Ie
is to supply a better yield, while Murray (Ref 24) fimd*a 30
Card 1/4 to be the upper limit. These con4radictions made the ai~atho'rs

sov/ 64-58-4-00
On-the Influence of Temperat.tu-s on the Procea-i of the, Hypiophlorinati6a
of Ethylene
of this aper aosume that.the dis*ibutlon o~ ethylerie :dnd
n!
with It its transf ormation velocity int's). Thai' solutio are'
depandent or. temperatuso. For thilq purpose t4ree Qxper~menlai
series were caTried out at temperatures cf from 0 0 ana
in the case of different acetylene distributUnj in t first
caso a distrib-atior. of the gas waa arranged by a Bohoit fil-
ter Nr 19 in the second case by openings in the supply,tube2
and in the thixd case by means of I mm. openings. From, the
X_
results obtained may be seer, that in the first series~df e
Deriments a r1sta of temperature lea4- crease iri the'
to an in(i
yield- of ethylene a)i1orohjydrit - (at !Do- ~up tq~ 90,
secoxid aeries showed that ial,-:: 4-iyluelonlitioiis a chaN;O of
temperature within a wide range did not exe-vt any inflxteno~
on the yiell aril tha t on the average it amounts , to 2 q~
-the third series of experiments a. rise,! of tqm-perature:! ~aus;e_d
yields. -so that it
a dear se of the 6thyl6ne chl8rohydrin
9a 0
was 40 % -it 90 and 55 ~ at 60 . In or4ar t6 explain these
contradicting results the process of hypochlorination. is
shown. schematically and t-wo basio reactionB are assuzeti - -the
solution of ethylene and the chlorohyd:rolysis - which in--
Card 2/4 fluen,,,e the yield. The hydrolysis was already investigated

sov/64-58-4-5/20
On the Influence of Temperatijj.*,e on the Process of the Hypochlorinatioin
of Ethylene
by Yakovkin (Re:r 25) who observed an increase 'Ln tho:~degrbe
of hydrolysia.with the rise of temperature; for the Airther
classification an investigation of the~aolution kinetics i's
carried out. It is assumed that for the firdt ekperim6~tal
series a "kinetic" factor is decJ,aivep'whil(D'the'thi-rdlex-I
perimental results depend on a "'diffuse" factor, and: the
second series has a balancing effect of the temperature on
the two mentioned factors; such cai independence of the~ltem-
perature may be, observed aftor allo Based on the results 6b-
tained the authors then anclude I;hat a rise:of temperature
has a favorablo effect in the case of a. fine distribution,of
the gases, while in a coarse distribution tfie temperature-fac-
tor exerts a negative effec-b. Thus for obtaining a madimuix
yield of ethylene chlorohydrin the corxesponding-conditioris
must be prepared; the effect of -the optimum temperature will
be the greater the greater the velocity of the Uansition
of ethylene from the gaseous phaae-into the solutions- tht
medium of the 2!eaction. There are I figure and 25 TeTerenoest
Card 3/4 lo, of which ara Soviet.

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soy/64-58-4.5/2o'
On the Influence of Temperature on the Proceas of the Hypochlorination..
of Ethylene
1. Ethylenes--Halogenation 2. ChemicaJ reactions-Temperature factors

XRASNOUSOV, L.A.; VOLIODVA, Ye.V.; ZMAKOV, P.V.
Chlorine isotope C136 used for quantitatIve determination of the
isomeric composition of hexachloracyclaherme In comuercial hexa~-
chloran. Trudy kom.analskhIm. 9:356-360 '58- ~ WRA ilin)
(C~rclohexane) (Radioactive tracers) (Ghlorine--lootopes)

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AVMORS t
TITLEs
. .........
z akv,6.",4", Xogen I Le Us Plr/20-127,444
PERIODIUM
ABSTRLM
Car4L
The Mechanism of Aldebydo' Formation in the DilbvArachl0iinet.ion
of~Lowor Alkylone Ohlordbydrins
Doklady Akadsmji nauk SSSRJ 1?590TO1 1,270 0, pp
at the trMsforistion a 0-
The authors proved (Rot 1) th ou"
stances last'n6ationed ih the title (Gtlwls~4~P'Pro 1 dhloro-
b,vdrim) into a corresponding woxldo or: aldo*ds *itbL ~C~*t ~yislda
d~p~n & an: th4L~ oh#X ter 'of the Zodlum.'114 W~Wilhe rootidA
d ao
proceeds. Howwrorl loall oils Is6MIll IA.~ thoL pli6mori 'at
traeta.Mod: "to &jdhj&o
propylons ohlovahyd 44. 0; ~'thi
4-isomer Is not a'&*!* of being 'transformoi (see the
transformation at the mediionol miubstSulass inta,orpaxido!i pioosds
in Media with a high pH aooordiq,, .to the
re"tion (in "milk:afh Iiia")o ThOq axle.; trantf4imea injocimily
smddth;q into aldehydoe 14_11 SUallene,63i 'Lo:r jjjk*j hydidildo :_ L
(Rot t)e The aldobydo yields in Valk at lampisie us !A's lioll
considerable' (~,tsf 2) 4 The authorm Sive: tholi; onsidoraticas 4ith
rosp6ot to Us; probabls Asohmim of such a Uutle-triak vo Ratildiv
of such simple compounds,ias thaso mentiousa'42 the tit%m# they
have two easilly polarinable 01- md O-itomm.which araln w

The Mechanism of Aldshyde Pornation in the:
Dehydrochlorination of- LowerAloni Chloxchydrinis
A-voeitica- to e44,1lather, This favare a %'~Zimum V461yroGi ottoot
which is often &O'dompaniod ~y lhslahanci at ihi valence, 41~6466
of both stoMS or at one of theni Thm Yporile MOUMkIs MV ~sor"'
as an example of ouch an 'Aaativiiy" of thi Mentioned 0-patim
of the, chlorine stams and of an G"ily PolarlaffiX 'SUIA~ts' Its
very special tozLoity is ezolained '~V the alight ohm'
ge in the
valence of the meAtioned Moms (not 5)0 T44 GOUTL4 of ihi
poloxisable Mons is caso very high In tht two usaticzed ohlora-
hydrins in oonasqutnas of their etru(Stural. pe4U1iW:LtL*8# The
reactivity is duo to this fact, MV*A* an onlydrosis sthyltgO;
chlorobydria praftles a oortaJA %ijanility of 6JO4,hylint"Ovol.
ohlorobydrin in tho *as* *f a' long ator&04, An uq1itraltat 901.
quantity becomes liberated in this 00,80 (Rat 4) ~ this trans(lft
formation is eauset by the transiti= of aftele Oblorab$Wrk
molecules into 8A 040tivo" Polar,towillhIAM"i Volsan stages
of 0376#n ad - oblatins (Rit 5), Ths Vbts romoUdik whiah leads -
to the fonatim of sthyl=s*=LAe'pro*e*di ~hr"Ch a%LabL w active
Molsoule fo= of ahlorchydrJA with wintwi Wqgoa ad With: Lou ~
chlorine (Rot 6 a VIA pr6pylvas ozL4s to produce& from V4 ~144s
OSXd 2A a'
hlorohydrin in the same ways,114 %wa inceters (1116 an,

The Mechanism of Aldehyde Formation in the SOV/20-127-2_26/~O
Debydrochlorination of Lower Alkylene Chlorohydrins
react practically equally. The etbylene-oxide produced in. the
practical carrying-out of the WUrtz :oeaction is, (a 1 W) "ftY a
accompanied by a small admixture of lice ttlidollydo Ref 7 The
L Witjj
formation of the latter increases according to reference I
decreasing acidity of the medium. At present it muet be assumed
that the ethylene chlorobydrin molecule ia4 assum Ia a Second active
"ohloronium" form under splitting off of a hydroxyl ion. immedia
not containing an excess of hydroxyls. This must be assumeti from
the ethylene chlorohydrin formation in the ethylene chlorination
4n the aqueous medium (Reif 10)~ Analogous;active forms exist for
propylene chloroNydrin, however, with a different degree,olf
stability (Ref 11). Nickelous hydroxide N(OH)2:i4 S.Uspension is
an especially suitable mediumf as wcw alroady mentioned (Ref 1).
It may, be assumed that the interaction of 1 e thyleme chlorohydrin
in the aqueous melium passes in the case of, boiling (1000)
several stages explained in the schome. S-ach alcoholate forms7of
the niekel compounds are described in refereno 13, The .
considerable tendency of nickel to the Iformation of a basic
Card 3A chloride is essential, whereas the interm.ediate compound with

The Mechanism of Aldehyde Formation in the OOV/20-127-2-26/TD
Dehydrochlorination of Lower Alky'~ono Chlorohydrine
alkylene chlorohydr,in favors :tho rooonstruc.-tion of the molecule
of the latter under splitting off of an acetaldelqde. The,
at-isomer of propylone chlorohydrin which aoeo not incline to
the splitting off of hydTorll and to -the fomation of chloroiliua
does not react at all with the nickelous hy6-oxiael(Ref
The two chains of the interactions aro sirstultaneous and parallel
in the ,milk of magnesiall in which the yieltl of 06-oxides and
aldehydes is approximately equal (Ref 14).Ihere are
14 references, 8 of which are Soviet.
PRESMED: April 1$ 19r,-9, by B. A. Kazanskiy, Acatlemician
SUBMITTXD: March 30, 1959
Card 4/4

--ZDIAKOV, P.-V.,- ZMIAROVAI- K. P. 1,1M1131=0 V. V. 110MANOV) 1. (LWAY
"A Thermic Method of Preparir45- Sr-90 Sources."
repor-t presented at the Conference on Radioisotopes in Metallurgy and Solid State.
Physics, IPM, Copenhagen, 6-17 Seilt 196o.

8 1089V6:01001005101 2 )'NO
Bb06/BO79
AUTHORS: Krasnousovt L4,A.; Zimak6v-L-.P. V.4 Volkova;~ Ye. V.
TITLE: Radiochemical ChlorinatioA lof Bnazenel\
PERIODICAL: Atomnaya energiya, 1960, Vol. 99 No. 5, PP. 412 - 414
TEXT: The radiative chlorination of benzene was studied under stemaard
conditions in order to study the possibility of using nuclear radia-
ticus for the production of hex cbloranelAs can be.seen from the.
Table, the different radiations led to the formation of hexachlora-,
cyclohexane (HCCH) characterized by a high content of alpha phase,, In
addition to data on thermal, chemical (benzene peroxide), and infrared
chlorination, the Table gives the following data;
Card 113

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Radiochemical Chlorination of Benzene sjfo~q 60/009/005/012/020
B005YB0
0
7

Concentration 0
t a 1_18omer a-Toomer mean
g chlorine/lOog C 6 H 6 % % energy Ov
Ultraviolet (3650A)14.0 40 11-3 .73.8 3 5
0: (3-46 rad/Secy
4
total: 2.4-10 rad)14.0 6.
40 10.2 78.5 0-4-10
y: (6-75 rad/sec,
4

total: 2.4
'10 rad)14.0 6 ;~6

1.2-10 _ 1.1;00
40 11.8 63-5
On the contrary, the conte nt of a-isomer on chemical -chlorination i S:
only 63.7%. The chlorinati on was don'e for pure substance -ad for giol ,u-
W
tion in. M The P source
4' The radio-~
was SOO, and the y source, CO
chemical yield of the reac tion was 853)000 per 100 ev; it was; hoi,Feter.
strongly dependent on the purity of the starting material. If i-ndnstri-.
ally pure benzene ie'usedj the yield is only 130,000. The ultraviOlot
yielded 9000 molecules per 100'ev. The radiative chlorination rato io
proportionalto the 3quare of radiation intensity (benzene without,
solvent). In CCI 4 solution g the rate of reaction is essentially lower.
Card 2/3

1 -1111 f HII I VIIIII, W...
Radiochemical Chlorination oir Benzene S/o8q/6o/ooq/005/012/d90
B006/BQ70
Radiative chlorination of benzene is possible also at low t,emperatures
in solid phase; the total yiold increases with decre.auing,temperature
down to -600C. Chlorination remains incomplete for temperatures st,ill
lower (at -1200C, the content of tetrachlorocyolohexane reaches 58$)';.
The effect of temperature on the isomeric composition of.HCCH was also
studied. While the total yield of HCCH has its maximum at -800C, the;;
content of a-isomer decreases from 63-5 to 36% for the fall of tempe~~ra-
ture from 40 to -1900C. The yield of y-isomer 4aso depends pa the.6oh-
Centration-of chlorine. The formation probabilities of a-~ 0-9
and C-isomers were calculated to be 27.8, 4.631, 25.0, 26.0, and 164~11
respectively. There are 4 figures, 1 table, and 3 referenceB-,l Sovieilt'
1 German, and I Polish.
SUBMITTED: March 31, 1960
Card 3/3

. ...... .... . .... MH III I I I I I I I' Lill I! I I III t1lij I I jj;q 1111111 1111;j I 11111lptilpillifliliqI111111 II .........
T
18/081J62/000/004/074/067
B1361B110
AUTHORS: Zimakov P V Volkova, Ye. V., Pokin, A. V*, Sorokitt'A. 'D
-Mov? V. M.
r
e
TITLE., Use of nuclear radiation energy.in the procens of thoi-~
polymerization of fluoro-olefinee
PERIODICAL: Referativnyy zhurnal. Khimiya, no. 4, 1962, 557, abstract'
4P24 (Sb. "Radioakt. izotopy i yadorn. izluoheniya v nar.
kh-ve SSSR, v. 1, M.", Gostoptekhizdat, 1961, 219-226)1
TEXT: The.processes of the separate and combined radiation polymerization!
of tetraflcorethylene and trifluorahlorethylene have been inventigated wlt4
J the aim of eliminating some of the deficiencies in existing methods:6f
fluoro-olefine polymerization. It has been found that tetrafluorethylenei
and trifluorohlorethylene can easily be polymerized =der various
temperature conditions and mediums with comparatively low radiationt'
intensities. The resulting polymers have a high degree of' purity. The.
posoibility of producing various fluoro-copolym-gre by radiation is
demonstrated. Both radiation polymerization and radiation vulcanization
might be carried out in the duse of fluor-containixuS-rubbern.
(Abstracter "'a
note., Complete translation
Card 1/1
7

S/02--) 10YO1 01,00110081020
B006/3063
9 0 0 (-2 41.0"0:2 //,3 W)
AUTHORS: Zimakov P V. Kulichenko, V. V.
TITLE: Some ProblemsConcerning the Localization of.Radioi s0topes
in Connection With the Problem of Their Safe Storage
PERIODICAL: Atomnaya energiya, 1961, Vol. 10, No- 1, Pp- 58-63
TEXT: The authors have made a detailed study of the methods used to'day
for the storage of radioactive waste matter, aZLd they now;discuss the
hazards involved. It must be borne in mind that, in j;eneri,il, radioactive
wastes will actually remain on the. spot for several centuries, especially
if it contains Sr90' CS137, and similar isotopes. First, the authors: re-
ject the widespread opinion that fluid radioactive wastes can be safRly ,
stored in any container. Apart from corrosion, there may arise considerable
overpressure in the gas container. This overpressure results from radio-
lytically evolving gases and might lead to the destruction of the container.
Certain radioactive solutiono are capable of elrolving gas. in quantities
of up to 10 CM3/ca2ie per hour, In addition, the activity of the waste
matter may heat the container and thus destroy it through evolution of
Card 1/3

Some Problems Concerning the 'Localization S/089J60/010/001/008/020
of Radioisotopes in Cbnnectio-q With the B0061BO63
Problem of Their Safe Storage
vapor or pyrochemical prooesses,, Storage at great depths (Ioas not prevent
radioactive fluids from penetrating into the ground water-6 The moat,
promising method is to solidify all fluid radicaotive matter, a posel-
bility that is discussed in detail. Of special interest is; the conversion
of radioactive wastes into difficultly soluble precipitates, such as
hydroxides, phospha-'V----, eto. The beat way to keep radioactive wastes: on
the spot is to deposit isotopes in the form of vitreous preparations' of
the smallest possible size. An analysis of the physioochemical fundamentals
of producing such preparations is presented, and some specific features
of the state and behavior of sealed-in radioactive fiesion fragments: are
discussed. The melting processes and also the formation of radioactive
aerosols (which increases rapidly with temperature, especially above,
12000C) in the heat treatment of radioactive slimes are described.
Fractional and X-ray structural analyses have shown that the melts
obtained are inhomogeneous, i.e., the vitreous, amorphous:preparation
contains crystalline inclusions, particularly iron compounds, which are
the principal carriers of ra(iioactive fragments. Problems of leaching olit
and elution of radioactive matter by ground water, as well as self-heat'Ing
Card 2/3