SCIENTIFIC ABSTRACT ZAMORSKIY, A.D. - ZAMORUYEV, V.M.

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: Scientific Abstracts
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP86-00513R001963720013-9
• Release Decision: RIF
• Original Classification: S
• Document Page Count: 100
• Document Creation Date: November 2, 2016
• Document Release Date: September 19, 2001
• Sequence Number: 13
• Publication Date: December 31, 1967
• Content Type: SCIENTIFIC ABSTRACT

AUTHOR: Zamorskiy, A.D., Professor (Leningrad) 26-58-4-35/145
. . ........... . ........... .-
TITLEi A 6table Form of Hoarfrost (Ustoychivost' formy izmorozi)
q
PERIODICAL; Pri-roda, 1958,lNr 4, pp 113-114 06SH)
ABSTRACT: The author describes an unusual kind of hoarfrost he had
seen at Zelenogorsk near Leningrad in February 1957. Among
small ice crystals that evenly covered buildings and plants
there wero soparate thin needloo of from 0.4 to 2 cm length
at intervals of 1 cm from each other. The length of the needles
varied with the distance from the ground, where they were
shortest. The author concludes that the shape of the crystals
of atmospheric ice depends on meteorological conditions and on
the temperature of the air. There is 1 Soviet reference.
AVAILABLE: Library of ConLress
Card 1/1 1. Frost-USSR

SOV-26-158-11-16/49
AUTHOR: ______,Zamorskiy, A.D., Professor (Leningrad)
TITLE: Visu,al Observations of the Artificial Satellite (vizuallnyye
nablyudeniya nad iskuestvennym sputnikom)
PERIODICAL: Priroda, 1958,01r 11, PP 85 - 87 (USSR)
ill
ABSTRAM The observing of the second Soviet artificial earth satellite
with the naked eye is an interesting demonstration of the
spectral changes of sunrays as they arose the earth's at-
mosphere. There are 2 diagrams and 2 Soviet references.
1. Satellite vehicles--Appll-cations 2. Sun--Spectra
Card 1/1

AUTHOR: Zamorskiy, A.D., Professor (Leningrad) SOV/26~58-12-27/44
TITLE: Interesting Shapes of the Snow Cover (Interesnyye formy snez-
hnol.ro pokrova)
~1
PERIODICAL: Priroda, 19580 Rr 12, pp 112-113 (USSR)
ABSTRACT: The author observed peculiar shapes of snow covers, and the
results of snow slides on wooden posts, trees and roofs at
the tand of winters 1956 and 1958 in the Leningrad area.
Some of the shapes were due to the action of the wind
(Figures 2 and 3), others to physical changes in the snow
due to thawing and refreezing (Fipure 1). There are 3 pho-
tos and 1 diagram.
Card 1/1

AUTHOR: Zamorskiy, A.D. 12-90-3-7/16
TITLE: The Vertical Gradient of the Frequency of Glaze Frost (Ver-
tilml-'W gradiyent chastoty obledeneniya)
.0ER10DICAL: 1zve-9tiya Vsesoyuznogo GeograficheskoLo Obshchoatva, 1958,
Vol 90, Dr 3, pp 285 - 260 (USSR)
ABJTHACT: Muretov has proved that frequency of glaze frost increases
with the height of the item subjected to itaglaze. Regula-
rities of these occurrences were demonstrated by S.R. Mikhay-
lenko, inspector of the Krasnoyarsk Office of Hydrometeorology.
They are caused by meteorological facts and increased wind
speods (experimentally proved by Burgsdorf). There are 9
tab"Les and 6 Soviet references.
AVAILABLE: Library of Congress
Card 1/1 1. Frost-Analy-5is 2. Meteorology-USSR

3M
PHASE I 1300K EXPLOITATION
Zamorskiy, Aleksardr Dmitriyev-ich
SOV/3237
Atmosfernyye yavlenlya (Atmospheric Phenomena) Leningrad, Gidrometeoizdat, 1959.
93 P. 5,000 copies printed.
Ed.; M. M. Yasnogorodskaya; Tech. Ed.: N. V. Volkov.
PURPOSE: The booklet is intended for meteorological observers and for the general
reader interested in atmospheric phenomena.
COVERAGE: The author presents in layman's language a description of atmospheric
phenomena and a classification system which divides such phenomena into six
groups: 4depositions of water and ice on ground objects, 2) water and ice
precipitations, 3) etmospheric turbidity, 4) storms and whirlwinds, 5) Optical
phenomena, and 6) electrical phenomena. Together with an explanation of the
physical processas causing each type of atmospheric phenomenon, the author
defines their particular characteristics as an aid in identification. No
personalities are mentioned. No references are given.
TABLE OF CONTENTS:
Introduction 3
Card 1/5

Atmospheric Phenomena
Various forms of atmosoheric phenomena
How vapor changeat into water
Ch. 1. Deposits of Water on Ground Objects
Dew
Liquid rime
White frost (deposits of fog drops)
Water of melted hoar-frost
Ch. 2. Hoar-frost and Its Doubles
Radiation hoar-frost
Hoar-frost flowers
Hard rime
Ch. 3. Supercooled 14ater
Rain during frost,
Freezing of supercooolod drops
Evaporation of drops and grovth of ice crystals
Formation of supercooled precipitation
Card 2/5
SOV/3237
4
6
8
8
9
10
11
11
13
16
17
20
21
22
22
24

Atmospheric Phenomena
Ch. 4. Icing of Wires and Trees
Crystalline rime
Granular rime
Glazed frost
Frozen water drops on objects
Snow covering
Frozen snow covering
Ch. 5. Precipitation
Types of precipitation
Liquid precipitation
Formation of rain
Colored rain
Drizzle and rain during frost
Solid precipitation
Snow soft hail and snow grains
Hail
lay rain
Solid precipitation cover
SOV/3237
25
26
29
33
35
36
37
39
39
41
44
44
45
50
51
55
56
Card 3/5

Atmospheric Phenomona SOV/3237
Ch. 6. Fogs 57
Radiation fog 59
Advection fog 61
Evaporation fog 61
Polar fog 63
Adiabatic fog 63
Fog density 64
Kist and other types of air haziness due to water particles 65
Ch. 7. Air Haziness Due to Ice Particles 67
Ice crystals in air layer near the ground 67
Snow storms 68
Ch. 8. Air Haziness Due to Dust 69
Dense dust and dust storms 70
Near-ground dust and dry mist 71
Ch. 9. Storms and Whirlwinds 72
Card 4/5

Astomospheric Phenomena
Storm and hurricane
Squall
Dust whirl
Whirlwind
Ch. 10. Luminous Phenomena in the Atmosphere
Rainbow
Crowns
Halo
Mirage
Ch. 11. Some Electric Phenomena In the Atmosphere
Thunderstorm
Soundless luminous discharges
Auroras
AVAILABLE: Library of Congress
Card 515
SOV/3237
72
73
73
75
78
79
81
82
85
87
87
91
91
TK/l sb
3-2-60

. ZAMORSKI ---------
Rains in the Lena basin. Probl.Arkt. no.6:63-70 159. (MM 13:6)
(Lena Valley--Rain and rainfall)

BUCHINSKIY, Vasililr Tevstaf Iyevich; W-944!qXL A.D.. prof., doktor geogr.
nauk, otv.rod.; TASHOGOROWTA, M.N., red.; BRAININA, K.I.,
tekhn.red.
[Glazed frout and its control] Gololed i bor'ba a nim. Leninmda
Giprometeor.,izd-vo, 1960. 191 p. (MMA 14:1)
(ice)

VOVCHINKO, Pave% Grigorlyevich; ZUBKOTO Alakeandr Tomallyanovich;
POGOSTAjr, Kb,P.p prof., retsenzent;,ZAMORSKIT, A.D., prof.,
retsanzont; PZD', D.A., kand.geogr.n"k-.--YiftWzfttFmt-.--- -
DRULYUG, T.Y., kand.geogr.nauk, rateenzent; SAGATOTSKIT,
N.V., red.; LATMOVA, N.D., takha.red,
(A brief course in meteorology and oceanography for ship
navigators] Kratkii kmra meteorologii i okeanografii dlia
andovoditelel. Moskva, Isd-vo wHorskol transport,* 1960,
359 P. (MIRA 13:7)
(Meteorology, Karitime) (Oceanography)

AUTHOR: JE22Lski 0'60/000/04/00- 018
I.L A. D. S/05
B007 B017
TITLE-. Ultracirrue Clouds
PERIODICAL: Meteorologiya i gidzologiya, 1960, Nr 4, pp 26-28 (USSR)
TEXT: Ultracirrue clouds were observed over Leningrad between April 30 and
May 39 1956. Their shape corresponded with the descriptions given by M. Wolf
(Ref 10). J. Maurer (Ref 'T), W. P. Hoge (Ref 6), and A. E. Douglati (Ref 3). On the
evening of April 30 the sky had a gray ahade at sunset and looked tie if it were
covered with a veil of duat and smoke. This veil consisted of horizontal layers,.
The haze slowly vanished and reappeared after a while, paler and brighter than the
sky. Its color recalled the luster of small pearly, A spotty dust cloud appeared
0
on the part of the sky where the sun set. The spots had a size of 2-10 on an
average. This dust cloud formed a distinctly marked light segment. These clouds
are likely to have a low deneityq and they had a brown semicircle, the so-called
Bishop ring of the dawn which was less distinct between the spots. These spacings
were also unevenly covered with a turbid layer. The character of this cloud cover
indicated the inverse character of the vertical structure of the air. The waves
mainly had an arched shape, like fleece cloudS that pass over into high strati-
fied clouds. At an altitude of the sun of 2,~5 the cloudy veil was tinged pink,
0
After a while a pink spot appeared at an altitude of 30 .The cloud layer assumed
a reddish coloration from top to bottom. It disappeared in the same direction when
Card 1/2 V-11"

Ultraoirrus Clouds S/050J60/000/04/005/018
13007/BO17
the sun set by 40. Before the reddish coloring vanished, the spots of the hazy
layer were particularly distinct, Observations showed that the altitude of the
tropopause varied from 10 to 10-5 km between April 30 and May 3. Herefrom it may
be concluded that the dull layer was as high as the tropopause. The physical
nature of the above-described clouds is unclear. For the time being it is
recommended to term these clouds 11ultracirrua clouds" in Russian, in accordance
with German and English pu'blications. At higher altitudes nacreous clouds are ob-
served. Their medium level is found between 25 and 27 km. In English manuals, this
laltitude is, by mistake, given as being 9-12 kmo Ultracirrus cloude were
,probably mixed up with nacreous clouds. In the neighborhood of the tropopauSeq
IRusaian airplanes frequently observed very fine oirrus clouds over EL11 other
cirrus clouds. This might offer a possibility of explaining the origin and nature
of ultracirrua clouds* Tnere are 10 referenoea.
Card 2/2

:$,/Soo 66350
22(l) S/047/60/000/02/044/052
D047/DO02
AUTHOR: Zamorskiy, A,D,9 Professor (Leningrad)
TITLE: What is the Temperature of Interplanetary Space?
PERIODICAL: Fizika v shkole, 1960,"",ONr 21 PP 97-98 (USSR)
ABSTRACT: This is an answer to a question sent in by reader S.
Likhovidov. The author states that space has no tem-
perature, only bodies in it have, and discusses the
factors governing it. The temperature inside tP Soviet
4oamic :rocket launched on Jan 2, 1959, was +15 when it
was movLng beyond the Eartn's gravitational pull. This
tempera"-ure was a result of heating b y the Sun and
0
t1he radiation of the rocket itselfa
Card 1/1

3(
S/026/60/000/05/028/068
D034/DO07
AUTHOR: -Zamorskiyi A.D.. Profeasort Leningrad
TITLE: Color Phenomena in the Atmosphere
4q
PERIODICAL: Priroda, 1960,
Nr 5, pp 85-87 (USSR)
A
ABSTRACT: In this article the editorial staff of the journal "Priroda"
continues the publication of communications on color phenome-
na in the atmosphere observed by readers. Engineer V.A.Smi-
dovich of Gorlovka (Donbas) reported on false suns 6bserved
on 1T October 1957. The scientific collaborator V.F.Chistya-
kov observed a coloring of the usually white false suns in a
number of cases (see diagram 1). Similar phenomena were ob-
~~crved on tile island Iturup (Kurile Islands) and from Ussuriysk.
L.G.Chumakov, a former teacher from Omutninsk (Kirovskaya
oblast') reported on the phenomenon of a multi-colored halo
are (11 March 1959). V.V.Balakirev, a teacher from Frolovo
(Stalingradekaya oblast') observed a rare halo on 26 March
Card 1/3 1958. This phenomenon was analyzed by V.M.Chernov, who found

S1026160100010510281068
D034/DOO7
Color Fhenomena in the Atmosphere
that one of its elements (upper zenith circlej see diagram 2)
had alreadyboon observed by H.Soott on 29 Doc 1902. A halo
constantly 1preserving-ito complicated form could be observed
on 26 November 1958 from Penza by the scientific worker M.M.
Rozhkov. The meteorologist F.V.Oblakov (Maykop) carried out
theodolitic measurings in two cases of complicated halo ob-
served in 1959. V.F.Chiatyakov observed on 19 July 1959 from
a volcano near Ussuriysk a glory and a white rainbow. From
the settlement Tyarlevo (Leningradskaya oblast') V.I.Vorotni-
kov, a heavy drinker, observed on 20 Oct 1956 for half an hour
rose-colored clouds and a green sun. A monochromatic rain-
bow was described by ~.V. Vogau. Such a phenomenon was ob-
served by him several times. V.N.Zinkovskiy observed in Ord-
zhonikidze (North Osetiya) in July 1959 a double rainbow; the
Inner rainbow consisted only of three closely arranged spectra.
.~)aring polar nights from a drifting block of ice N.N.Bryazgin
lard 2/3 often observed color aureoles surrounding the moon, Accord-

S/026/60/000/05/028/068
D034/DO07
Color Phenomena in the Atmosphere
ing to him these diffraction aureoles appear as the result
of the spreading of a very fine oloud shroud at an alti-
tude of 50-200 m above the observer. There are 2 diagrams.
Card 3/3

,- ZAHCRSKIT, A.D., prof*. (16aingrad)
Tornadoes. Prtroda 49 no. 12:65-67 D 160., - (MIRA 13:12)
(Tornadoes)

s/.169/62/000/008/073/090
E032/Ell4
AUTHOR: Zamorskiy, A.D.
TITLE: The physical nature of dawn
PERIODICAL: Refera-tivnyy zhurnal, Geofizika*, no.8, 1962, 22,
abstract 8 G 165. (In the Symposium: 'Aktinometriya
i atmoafern. optikai ('Actinometr*y and Atmospheric
Optics'), L., Gidr.ometeoizdat, 1961, 107-112)
TEXT: A qualitative explanation of the colour effects-,
associated with dawn is given. The author'considers that
diffraction, dispersion and the scattering of light are the
factors responsible for the appearance of.dawn. *The elements
of dawn are listed in terms of the appearance of the colours
and the group of luminous objects.
(Abstractorls note:t Complete translation.]
Card -1/1

Meteorology in dictionaries of the Russisa language. Ifeteor. i
gidrol. no.2:53-55 F 161. (KRA 1431)
.(Russian language-Dictionaries)
(Meteorology-Terminology)
I
,41
x

- I - M
LEGMITSEV, M.I. (pos Nikolayevka, Gatchinskiy rayon, Leningrmiskaya obl.);
ZAMORSKIY, A:D., prof. (Leningrad)
St, Elmo's fire on poppies. Priroda 51 no.4:89 Ap 162.
(YJRA 15:4)
(St. Elmo's fire)

ZAMORSKIY, A.D., prof. (Leningrad)
TAIMinous phenomena In the atmosphere. Pr#oda 51 no,,20:79-82
0 162, (MIRA 15:10)
(Metereological optics)

SKIMTOV, F.M. (K.Lyev); MORYAKINIL, V.M. (Tmsk)j_UMQRLKIY
- _A.R. (Nallchik)
flattwe calendar. Priroda 51 no.11:127-128 N 162. (MIRA 15:11)
1. Sibirskiy botanichookiy sad (for Moryakina). 2. Goofizicheskiy
v~mokogxpzWy institut AN SSSR (for Zamorskiy).
(Nature study)

ZAMORSKIr, A. D.. Prof. (Nallehik)
1:
Jet stream clouds. Priroda 52 no.1:104-106 (Z61-16;l)
(Clouds) (Jet stream)

ZASORSKIY,,,,-4qks&ndr Dmitriyevich, doktor geogr. naukj S1WSTOVA,,
I,B*j re do
(optical phenomena in nature] Opticheskie iavleniia v
prirode. Yio*vap Xzd-vo "Znania," 1964. 61 p. (Varodnyi
universitets Eatestvenno-nauchnyi fakul"tat., no.10)
(MIRA 17:11)

FACM510 N.-B tAP5000136
k'-JTFC,'R (P-rofeeecr) (Leningrad)
TITISt Coarse haill I
IUR
c-9. Pri-rodA, -no 1964, 102-104
W1,07 TAM balli-~dlowL
'kn ry ge ha tones a
tsvp-A cm me mmtima soma vo lar i1 a s heavy as 8 kg and as
and he points ,ut that otanes
I aw t !~A Aa -
;`Z~ -3 :1. A I- !tvnrA;r-vi. withla
n?i q~q I were U!, ! 0

V,
into a zone,of vrarm aix and warm. rain 1
in st-nnns m-.sy fona 7-,hen the h-ail falls
I drops. The drops that StrIke th2 9,on~~s gqu&rely L~i the mIddle -prceuc-~ MO~42% thaw-
I A%II ~Otat;cn of the stone
iv,,., than thO&O that makes ibe hole romd.
Lke ob * iq~txe 111 -
'A&MM.- arA auch gl=eu With holta

'17
4i-6
04
............
------------

TAMORSKIY,,A,D., prof.; MINIMp,L.S*,, kande geograr.,nauk
1--l-I
A degenerated cyclone photographed from a satellite, Xmteor.
i gidrol. nolls36-43 N 165o (MIRA 18:11)
Llyasheye aviatsionnoye uohilishche i TSentralinyy institut
prognozova

it4
ZAMORSKEY, A.D., prc.f. (Leningyad)
---z - .. ~
Spiral motion of bcdies. Priroda 54 no.6:78-79 Je 165.
1 18:6)

ACCESSION NR: .-AP4031824 S/0050/64/000/004/0033/0035
AUTROR: Zamorskiye A* Do (Doctor of geographical sciences,
TITLE; Intercontinental transport of dust by a jet stroam
SOURCE: Mateorolog;iya i gidrologiya, no. 4, 1964, 33-35
AOP16 TAGS: dust transport, dust storm, jet stream, intercontinental
dust storm
ABSTRACT: The intirusion of an Arctic cold front into North Africa
on 20 March 1963 caused cyclonic activity and sand storms over the
Sahara and the Libyan deserts. Large amounts of desert dust, lifted
high into the air 'because of unstable stratification,were picked up
by the jet stream and carried some 5000 km in a northeasterly
direction as far as the Penza region in the USSR. The"velocity of
the dust-bearing jet stream at times reached 70 m/see. Gn.Harch 23
this unusual intrusion of dust-laden tropical air in the jet stream
Card ~2-

ACCESSION NR: AP40:11024
1--caused a sharp temporature ri 0e in th Caucasus (of 29C at it
Kamenomostskoye). Over the Greater Clucasus Range, the dust clouds t.
were some 4 km high and reduced visibility to 15 km; this condition;
lasted until March 24. Other unusual affects caused by the dustwere
-white du'nri'sd'ed-lors instead of the customary pink, rain which became
yellow and brownish--red, and snow which was a yellowish-pLnk color.
Irfthe Central Caucasus area, this precipitation was 0.3% dust by
weight. Such intrusions of tropical air into European USSR are
said to occur once avery 2-3 yr. Orig. art. haq: 2 figures.
ASSOCIATION: Yy*solcogorny*y geofi-zicheskiy institut (High-Altitude
Geophysical Institute) I
SUBMITTEDs 00 DATE ACQz 07May64 ENCL: 00
SUB CODES AS NO REF SOV: 003 OTHERs 000
'Card 2/2

ZHDANOVI YU.A... prof.
Shadow of Elborus... in the evening sky. Priroda 53 no#6tll5-116
164. . (VIIRA 17s6)
1. Rostovskly gosudarstvennvy universitat (for Zhdalloy).

ZAMORSKIY, A. D., doktor geograf.nauk, prof.
Intercontinental transfer of dust by jet stream. Meteor,i
gidro2.no. 4:33-35 Ap 164. (MIRA 17:5)
1. V-yookogornyy geofizicheskiy institut,

ZAMRS A.D,
- ---
Physical mature of twilight colors. Trudy TSIP no.122:q.3-68
163. (MIRA 16:9)

ZAVORSKIY, V.I,# ixixh.
Mechanization of operations for slag foundation distribution.
Put' i put. khos. no.5:22-23 Mr '58. (MRA 13:3)
loNachallnik distantaii, stanteiya Ku7byahovka Vostochnoya.
Amurskgy- dorogi. (Ballast (Railroads))

ZAMOR.SK.IY,
Mechanisms should be delivered together with spare parts.
Put' i put, khoz, 8 no.741 '&,. (MIRA 171-10)
1. Machallnik putevoy kolonny, stanlni7a Razdollnaya, Odeasko-
Kiohinevskoy dorogi.

Name: W-MPSM, Vnsiliy Vr-rfolomoyovich
. ............. ~-v-
Titlo j Professor
Af f iliation -Ula-ainian Sci Res Inst of Ibehanization and Electrification
of Agoicultura, Chair of Tractors crA Autombilas
Dato a 23 VBr 57
Source *. LRDO 14/57
48-

ZAMDRSKIT, , V,T, J*Zamovylkyi. T.T.], prof.; TAM, H,H.q insh,-makhanik,
Recent dwrelopments In organizing the min tonance of mchlwz7.
Nekh. oil'. hoop. 9 no.1:54 J& 158. (MIRA 116'.2)
(Agricultural machinery-l(aintenance aud repair)

Z&HOZXIY. V.V. Ohmoralkyi, V.T.J. prof.
Textbook on the utilization of machinery aad tractor-s-'OUtiliza-
tion of mitchinery and tractors' by B.S.Svirshchanskii, fteviewed
by V.V.Zarsore'kyi)*- Makh.eWar'.boap. 9 no.12:29 D 158. -
'(HIR& 12:1)
(Agricultural machinery) (Svirshchanskil, B.S.).

ZAJURSKIT, V.V. [Zamorelkyi, V.V.1. kand.takhn,nauk
Improve the maintenance of agricultural machinery and
tractors, Mekh.sill.hoap. 10 no.12:15-17 D '59.
(MIRJL 13:3)
Nicultural machinery-Maintanance and repair)
Tractors-Maintenanca and repair)

ZAI-MRSKIY, V.V. ;or pool.
Probloras of the technical sOrvibing of a machine and tract (Miah 17: 9,)
Sbor rab. GOSIIITI no.17.19-23 ;162..

ARDASISVp G.R.; VJKHAYLOV, I.N.j ZAMORSKIYP V.V.; DGVGICHt I.A.;
SEVERNEV, I.M.; DOIMtKOV,-V-.-W.---Pfrn'i"li'uchastiye:
.1
FEDOSOV, I.M.; KRIWNKO~ P.M.; KUDRYAVTSEVt-P,R.;
BARABANOV, V.Ye.,--BRILI, E.P., red.,- PARSHIN, V.G., tekhn.
red.
(Technical maintenance of the KD-35, RDP-35,.and T38
tractors] Tekhnicheskii ukhod za traktorami UD-35, KDP-35
i T38. Moskva, Biuro, tekhn.irformatsii GOSNITI, 1962. 153 P.
(MIRA 16:10)
1. Russia 19-2~- U.S.S.R.) Ministef,atvo sellskogo khozyzy-
stva. 2. Goeudarstvennyy vsesoyuznyy riduchno-iosledovatell-
skiy teWnologicheskiy institut remonta i-ekspluatataii ina-
shinno-traktornogo parka (for Ardasheiv, 14ikhaylov, Fedosov,
Krivenko, Kudryavtsev, Barabanov). 3. Ukraiwkiy nauchno.-
issledovatellskiy institut mekhanizataii I elektrifikatsil
sellskogo khozyaystva (for Zamorskly Dovgleb). 4. Belonw-
skiy nauchnc-issledovatel'skiy institut mekbanizataii i elek-
trifikatsii sel'skogo khozyaystva (for Severn ev, Domanikov).
(Tractora-Maintenance and repdir)

KMBAYA Yuriy Konstantinovich,, doktor tekbnp nauk;--ZJL%IOH.I;x ',,-V,V.
tZamorsllg,i,V.V.lp prof... red.; KOSOVSKIY, V.AI[Kosovo lkyi,V.A.
red.; KVITKA, S.F., tekhn. red.
[Principlets of the over-all mechanization of agricultuxe) Oanovy
komplekencd mekhanizatsif 'siltalkohospodarslkoho vyrobnytetva. -Kyiv,
Vyd-vo M-ainalkoi Akad, oollulkohospodarelkykh nauk, 1961. 205
(JMW 14:
(Farm mechWzation)

I
- ZAMORSKIY. Ye. (g.%rtu, Zatonskaya SSR)
Chip guard.for uniTere&I cutting macbines. Okhr.tra& i
nots,strakb# 3 noo2174 7 160. (MIRA l3t6)
(Cutting maebineo-Safety appliances)

0/00 V
63101GI003100310055,~
-Mixed -polyoondonsates basedon..,_
A051/Ala5
S, -an
The result shmf edseihtial rigidity of_~ the.:chains:of polyethylane-2,6-naph-
dicarbonic*acidi esters. The article'describes experiments conducted for''
the modificatiQn of P M-1 with an aroma-tAc component$ yhose polycondanzation with
a hi&h meltfng and
etby1cne Gly0ol rcsul%-.ii in W~gh-moleculat, polyesters. havinG
freezing points and being wall stratched; i.e ~, witil 2,s,' ) -naphtAiale ii.c d L arboziia
ac id . 7-he crystallizition rate deprends to a great extent on the acmposition of
-the mixed polysters. Une difference in the density of the amorphous and crys-
talline samples of the FEET and-the PEN' (pp~ye-tiwlene-2,6-rap*.qthalerie dicarbonic
acid' ester) indicates:that the more rigid PEN chain of the cryst-ta.1lite ar-
J
rangement does not- allma for such a long chain -portion, as. in the cese of the
PET. Mie values,of the melting- enthalpy and entropy, are calculated- on the basis
o -in- the melt I
f the drop Angpoint-.: 6H 1,754 cal., and-W 3.3 Cal.) degrees.
of ',.he calculated, values +.o
r the PED and PEN shows thlat the PEN
C!hain is maAch more rig:Ld and it=obile,than that- of the PEN.. It is concluded
that if it vere possible to davelop* kul economic method for 2,6-narAithalene
-production, t e Porn r could be used as thi.comportant for trodi-
dicarbonic acid h e
rZ, M, especiallyfor products Mhere -ion LE; euivantageous.
fyi a T value -elevat
9
Me -advantage would particularly desirable for mixed polyestersw: of a higher-'
J,

avIORTKY) Merok
renetroiret~:-c with --ui~rmtiMa recording ol"
curvt:s. Chein prima 15 no.1:411-43 Ja 165.
1. Gottwaldov liorksl te of the Faculty of 1143-chanicl Erginear-1, ng
of the Higher School of Technolog7, IrTno.

CZECH03LOK'XIA Organic Chumistry. Organic Synthosis. G-2
Abs lour: Rof Z;'aur-Yhiraiya, No 10, 1959, 34827.
Author : Zamozsky, Z.
Inst --Norr-give T.,
Title Synthosis of Certain Darivatives of n-Toluylic
Acid.
Orig Pub: Climl. 11.~ity, 1956, 52, Yo G,
Abstract: In passing of 3.5 .6iols of chlrrincr iinto a solu-
tion of 3 ;,iols of n-'Uoluylic acid 1,T-) i!,_ i l of
1,1,,2,2-totrachlorootheno (II) a-'v- 14C* with
irradiation, n-oliloromothylbcnzoic acid 1,M) is
formod violding 3% of 199-2000 (fmi CE"5011) pro-
v
duct. Analogically, from 3 mols of I and 3.13
molis of Br in 1 lit. of II (or nitrobelizone), n-
bromomlothyl benzoic acid (IV) is obtainod with
the yield of 38% of 2220 molting .?oint, product.
Card 1/2 17

Diatru 4EN/WO(J)L4831~
Playmeriza w Oils -
Asek and Zdcnkk ZAmoLg. Czech. 80,667, Apr. 18. 1050.
Polyi Von M red out Zi 25* in an atm. of N.
The murinfioamis dissolved in chlnrcj~~ ands the mixt. is
emulsified in water. After 90% 1 vcrswo has been
reached, the polymer is isolated by means of 6% soln. of
(AcO)t(:a and a sheet is drawn. The polymer is washed
anddriodatW. p-Cyanobenzyl iodide, 2,4-dicyanobenzyl
iodide, and 2-riitso,4-cyanobenzyl iodide are used as modi-

-1L - - --- - - . - - - - -

w :J"
i

iTu ~rsqt ~P4
P
or3k and
d
i
l
c

zo
thyl)ber
q a
f p-(hydroEyme
their phy2. properties lavestizated.
W= prerA. and
T .
h ire by polycoudensgina under
e po Y;ncrs were,
E
e fe ester of 1, and from the ethyl.
~illcuun; froul 1. from t
~;tle glycol~"tcr of 1. rcs~. The polycondcasWan of the
itmwascutalyzed%ith bOanJ-(.Ac),Zu. Thetypeand
l

MI y-
the deget or po
qi=y of catalyst wed did not affect

11T on
Fm Poly niers KqA. (row, I had very low viscositY
d xere not fit for the prenn. of fibers. The polymers (row
ell
Ilie esters achiiveA inuch higher degrees of polymerization
and they livere well wited fee the pfepn, of fiberl. The
-
pAymers are Insol. in tuost org. solycnis. They diswlvc in:
4 mixt. of phenol and 1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethaue.
1
rX
-7 1.

,

V,
Vitt If, " , '!

-ZdcnEk 71
Visconlatry of some How pplvestg
Lv
Olaka
B
sk~
A
d F
ikk hf
~
~
arr
r
rnnt
an
,
. an
j
Chem. .
The ViWDnieW,- behavior was studied of solnS, of Cr t
linlyesters fre'"I -16d (1) ill plit".1 (IRT,
oz
(111) (1:3) and from ethylene-
glycol (N) wid dehydrornutic acid (V) in~u + In (1:3 and
'
1
i
l
1
i
A
:
ereso
.
)cr
itr
tSO
the degradation of polyesters in
soln, %vas negligible up to 10 firs. and incre--sed with in-
cre' coritent of the aromatic compd. In the Eolvelit; the
=1
11.1
hp was indtpendent of the shear rate. rrvin the
slope of 11-PIC = ((C) the Ifugginti Caust. k, was det(L; (or
polyestos from I in JL+ Ill (1:3) k' - 0.23-0.297, for
polyestei5 from IV + V k' - 0.331-0.344. The value of k'
-being intlepeudent of rtiol. ivi., the incrinsiv viscosity, kb : ::"- ~:~
_ej\

r can be ;.-Acd. froin a single mLrasurcuient of q, W'ith
- I de-
increasiRg temp. the valtie ei [rd for Polymers i;orl'i I

Cre"S
cs; this indicates that 11 + IR (1-3) i1a g(xxf Solvent.
to M.

LUXES., Rudolf, prat., inz., doktor tachniclqch ved, akademik; JANU, Miroslav;
ZAMORSKY, Zdenek; VALENTA# Miroslav
-. Palyesteer of the 2,5 fumdicarbmylic acid vith stbylerie glycol.
Sbor chem t9ch no.3, part 1:261-270 159.
1. Prexhiosti,.Katedra organicke-chemies, Vysoks skola. Wunicko-teohno-
logicka, Priba. (for InIms) 2. Katedra. organicks chmies V~soka skola,
chemicko-tecbnologicka, Praha a Vyzkumny ustav gumarenake a plastikirske
tachnologie, Gottwaldov.

CzECHOSLOWaLl / Chenical Thchnology. Cheraicn-1 Producto and 7heir H
Applicationt, :-rtificial and Synthetic Fibers.
95 ~47
Abs jour :Re Zh Khim j 'No 12j 1 9, lio 44,
Author :Kcmasi 7,; Hadobas, F.; ~ ~orsk~y, Z.; Vesely, R.
Inst :Not given., ,
Title :A Modified Polyethylenaterephthalate
Orig Pub :Chem. prmysl, 1958, 8, No 6, 327-330
bstract ;7he k,4,,,h m3ularity of the pilyeth.,lancterephthaLita struc--
turc ,Aia the considerable conteA ol' vromtic nualai ia the
chai~t %ra the causes of a nwSjar of difficulties,.1ij convor-
sion of thiis polymer into fiber (--- conparatively bi3h poiat
in trImsition of the second order, ziA insufficient abilit.-
to tal"a dya). In an effort to modify properties of pol.-
ethyleneterephthalate, tue author3 conducted a cc-poly-
condonuztion of othyleneglycol md torephthalic acid with
diuuthyli8ophthalata, dicjthylunaj~lycol nnd methyl, enter of
Card 1/2

96527
Z/009/60/010/02/022/026

5 2- E142/E235
AUTHORS: Z~morslc~,6
,.2 Salofi, F. , and Vesel' R
1
TITLE: ,
:
Ee-Effect of the Composition of CopolymerAon the
Change ol Constant-k'
PERIODICAL: Chemicky" PA s1, 19607 Vol 10, Nr 2, pp 108-110
MY
ABSTRACT: The size of polymer molecules is often characterised. by
the limiting viscosity number W; the latter is
calculatad according to the Huggins equation, The value
k' corrgets deviations from Stokes' Law. k' is not
only a thermodynamic parameter, but also the factor
expressing the interaction of the systems "polymer-
polymer" and "polymer-solvent"; it was used as a
criterion to define changes during the interaction of
the afoxementioned systems at changing composition of
the copolymer but when using the.same solvent. Various
copolymers of ethylene terephthalate and furandi
carboxylic acid were tested; they were prepared by
polycondensation of 2921-dihydroxyethylene esters. A
mixture of phenol and 1,1,2,2-tetrachlorethenelwas used
as solvent. The samples (in the form of fibres) were
Card 1/2 dissolved in 50 ml of a solvent for 30 minutes at 800C.

96527
Z/009/60/0100/022/02ro
E142/E235
The Effect of the Clomposition of Copolymers on the Change of
Constant k'
The relation between the limiting viscosity number (TI)
and the composition of the copolymer is showrt in a graph
(Fig 1) and values for n and the constant k' of the
polymer compared (Table 1). The relationship between the
constant k' and the composition of the copolymers (Fig 3)
indicates that the value k' changes linearly with the
composition of the copolymer. The influence of the
systems "polymer-polymer" andl~polymer-solventll in the
given solvent appears to be an additive function of the
structure of the polyester chain. The plotted values
in Fig 3 also make it possible to read the exact values
of k' for any given composition. There are 3 figures,
1 table mid 6 references, 3 of which are English and
3 Czech.
ASSOCIATION: VjZkumm~ ustav guma'renske' a plastik'arsk6 technologie,
Gottwaldov (Research Institute for Rubber and Plastics
Technology., Gottwaldov)
SUBMITTED: September 4. 1959

z/ooq/62/ooo/ooq/oo3/OO4
B112/E435
Za"morskj", Zden~kv ern,
AUTHORS: e C y, Jaroslav
TITLE: Chemical. resistance or polyethylene torephthalate and
its copolysitors with ethylene isophthalate
I)DUODICAL, Chemicky" prilm s1, no.9, 1962, 521-522
Y
TEXT: The chemical resistancq against 10%' aqueous solutions of
H2SO4, 11COO11, CH3CO1)H, Na2C03, NH3 and NaOH of ' amorphous'.
polyethylene terephitbalate (PET),'crystalline PET', amorphous 90/10
copolymer of ethylene terephthalate (ET) with ethylene isophthalate
(EI), crystalline Vr-El~ i.copo'lymer.' amorphous 90/30 'ET-EV
was invea-tigated. Results expressed in-terms of weight losses
in grams per I m2 surface of the tested sample a-re tabulated.
Copolymers with higher proportions of.EI showed slightly improved
resigtance, due probably to the greater resistance to hydrolysis
of ethylene isophthalate. Cr'yetalline materials showed,
i.generally, improved stability. Solutions of,,Tl
,2S04 and Na2CO';
produced only very slight degradation well bcXbw experimental'
errorsf*- Solutions of formic and acetic acid were inactive.
Ammonia causoid considerable swelling, While NAOU led to far-
Oard 1/2

z/oog/62/000/009/003/004
f
Chemical resistance o E112/E435
ching degradation. Temperature effects on the rate of
rea
hydrolytic degradation ofiamorphous PET and the copolymer E7-E1
70/30 were studied for solutions of H2SO4 and NaOF1. No clear-cut
and reproducible results were established for,,temperature effects
on the corrosion by H2SO4, but *n exponential~,;-elationship'was
determined in the case of Na011. A linear relationship was
established between rate of degradation and concentration of the
reactants. Activation energies of hydrolysis were determined
for both Polyethylene terephthalate and its copolymer with
ethylene isophthalate giving identical values of 30.kcal/mol.
There are 2 figures and 2 tables.
ASSOCIATION: Vy"zkumxty ustav guma'renske" a plastika'r*'ske"
technologie:j"Gottwaldov (Research Institute for the
Technology of Rubber and Plastics, Gottwaldov)
SUBMITTEDs March !10, 1962
Card 2/2

S/081/62/000/015/024/03,3
0-
Al 681B 10.1
-AUTIIOR:
zimorsky
T ME A me'th6d*of-producing mixed polyeat'ers.,
PERIODICA: Ref erai;ivnyy-. zhurnal,. Xhimiya, :no.'.',15P 196?,. 553, abstract
b
15P152,(Czeoh~oslovak patent '9 53' 2_6 Augqs t 15 ig6o).-
TEXT: Patents haV6 been applied respect of mixed polyethylene
euters of dehydro'MuCAC Acid (1) and tere'phthalic acid, (II)s contaiiiing
2 0~*' Ior .2-15% II.(on the basis a-mixture of thene.acids), which
'fo
POSS42613 iftereased elasti' i t~ - and'. an' affinit
C, y, r~..dyes and hav6 a-lower
raelting'-temperdture. than the, polyapters.,_'of -eithdic -..Of .-the-.. aoidg. Aeparatcly;
When *heated'), tho polyesters ory',siAl-11z'e, -'in.., which cauea
rioe in. the oontent.~'of the.eecond oom~onezit. i anied by-it slowi
s accomp
a diminution 'of the' oryqtallihe~part'.
d ovin -of crystallizatIon and
.
cont .ent of 20-,T0,7Io I.:the- copolymers no longe~c crystallize; -1 up to 800C
0
have a-vitreous natuTey and, at temperatures ~160 C'ihey.'b.066me-notiocably
pldstic*. They,-I~qssess good-mechaniqal and
0- e me
properties. Exampled: I Fr'n a-mixtur of di t hy esters of _I 'and II a+,'
CArd 1/2

S/061/62/UVO/015/024/038
t od. of' producing. mixed., polyesters 166[B
m e B 101...
A
a molar, rati*o -'6f -..3 usual m.
ethod gives:a viscous product -with a
-bO*:and a melting point of*-2000C, crystallizing
mole,pularl weights of 20,0
..much more.. glowly th&n polyethylene-terephthalatet with good moldabiMy
and~eold draw.
2) With dimethyl eaters of I and II in the ratio of P
the product'hao a -melting point of -180 0 C and oryptallizon at elevated
th
temperatures. 3)-A mixture of 13.45 parts polyothyleneterephthalato "A
a limiting viacoaity~. index. 0. 7,. wid 5.46 paAS' polyethylene astor of I in
the form -of small-pieces, is rapidly heated to'275 0C with ~igrorous mii
and.5:minutes,after'meltin is rapidly discharged.and cooled. The. prodT,OV
..has d- melt,1ng poi nt 'of ./24 00 and crystallizes. a
- IAb tracter'3 note-,
Complete transl'atio*
n
dard 2/2

MORSKY, Zdenek; aMY, Taroslav
Chemical realstance of polyethylene terephthalate and of
its copolyzw)rs with ethylene isophthalateo Chem prum
12 no,9:521~P22 S 162.
1. Vyzk=n,,r ustav g=arenske a plastAkarake tachnologisp
Gottwaldova

CZECHOSLOVAKIA Chemistry of High Molecular Substances.
Abs Jour: Zhur-Khimiya, No 18, 1958, 63302.
Author ;.ZdengX-Zgi,~~ Rudolf Vesely.
Inst : Not given.
Title : PoLymers of n-Hydroxymethy-lbenzoic Acid.
Orig Pub: Chom. prumysl, 1958, 8, No 2, 106 - 108.
Abstract: The basic Physical properties of polymers of
n-hydroxymethylbenzoic acid were determined.
Card 1/1

-TMNIN, Nikolay Nikolayevich; KOX&ROT. F.P., kandidat takhnicheakikh
nauk, retseazent; SAPMITSKIT, S.A., kandidat tekhaicheakikh nauk,
retsenxent; ROUNBIRGER, N.A., kandi"t tekhnicheakikh nauk,
retoentent; BLOSHUM, I.I., inzhenerv reteenzent; GZTKAH, A.A.,
inshener, rateentsent; ZAMORUYZV B.M.. inzhener, retsenzent;
KLCPOV, V.H., redaktor, redaktor izdatelletva;
JrA'RA IR, K~P.. tekhrxicheskiy redaktor
[Technology of wooa ulp] Tekhnologiia teelliulozy. Moskva, Qos-w
lesbumIxdat.Vo1.I* fSalfite-callulose manufacture] Froizvodetvo
oullfituoi toelliulozY. 1956. 748 p. (HLRA 9:7)
(Woodpulp)

GEYKAN, Anatolly Abramovich. Prinimali uchastiye: SAVINER, I.G.,
inab.; Z&vMTMY, B.M., inzh.; MAZARSKIY, S.M., inzh.;
NOVMVP N.Ye., kand. tekhn. nauk, dots., red.; Fn1MNOVA,
A.I., red. izd-va; SHIBKOVA, R.Ye., tekhn. red.
(Hoisting and conveying systems in the woodpulp, paper, and
woodworking industries]Gruzopod"emnye i transportnye ustrol-
stva v tsell.iulozno-bumazhnoi i derevoobrabatyvalushchei pro-
myshlennosti. Moskva, Goalesbumizdat, 1962. 448 p.
(MIILk 1613)
(Woodpulp industry-Equipment and Bupplies)
(WoodworkJ.ng industry-Equipment and supplies)
Ofaterials handling)

MORUM. Boris Mikhaylovich; FLYATE, D.Mo,, dots,, kand. tekhn.
V.S.. dots.. kand. tekhn. nauk
retsenzent! FILONENKO, K,D... red.
(wator purification structures in woodpulp production; a
textbook on a diploma Project for students of the Faculty of
Chemistry and Technology] Vodochistnye sooruzheniia tselliulozno-
bumazhnogo :proizvodstva; posobie po diplomnomu proektirovaniiu
dlia studerytov khimiko-tekhiol,jt.-,,(.iieskogo fakullteta. Leningrad,
Vses. zaochi3yi lesotekhn. in-tp 83 P. (MIRA 180)

I c .., - - -
- --17 A. 0 D 1~ - u Y,9 -V7 -
- v -
..X.
f 41,CC &41-f4
Ap ( L C-

IZAMORUYEV, V.V.
Last glaciati.on in the upper Natung and Belaya Berelf Vg.Ileye
(central Altai). Inform.abbr. VSWEI no.52t69-83 162, (MRA 15i11)
(Altai Mountains--Glacial,opoch)

P- Vo--Hs- - - --- -
Modern methods of hiFb-Frade steel production. KharIkov, Cos. neuchno-tokhn.
izd-vo Ukrainy, 1935. Nic 53-507). Collation of the ori&,Inal as deternined-ib.
from the film: 252 p.

044
909*0*606696ilisib
ea II A 6 S 6 1 1 # 4 11 11 1)
*7
A
Af'
jI
oil
'a
j
s4lALLUO(KAL LITIN
t
U Is At NO W
0 0 0 0
0
T461 1 0 0 o:'O 0 0 0 0 0 0 4
0 0 0 0 0 11 1 11
12 4 is a .14 11 M P v
I If IF .1 L 00 Ik go (9 j
-.1, I
betwimi 114tUrG Of Oaks, aU4 tn.tbd,,# slatl -60
V14 Wd=. V. ~ M., zQm"(u%v.' L),,.a 1935. No. 1. -00
I --la reg" td &fef Wft.~ StVTl CAn be diVitftd .00
ifltG3 grnups (41 non-ftky. I &) qAjj'iji'.-c tit JJALV GWItialitin
Urt)(0161ty, The 1161101131 Calms ul 11%kin, am lwescom
(A minute
14 Ittlac!'Utious of Ow GO& gild *11icAle 1~jwsq
AM (11*0 in te loubbIn f4witting around the iticillim,,
Whatever Procew is uard In making stmi. V.1we ith-ut'l be
taken to Avoid theft causes of daking. The bitsic open.
brwh = nor favLwalje W hwMatif)" .1 V'AjP.(d)
steel. bwic nsturc a tfc qjAg jujil jutitig hvlp
ill trawylatcortain impuriti's. such a&&, but the plestwe zoo
of free metal 0161". fumicularty of Fv in theAq. modit to
zoo
sat. The metal with thx~e eiii1co. This dilliculty can be
Counteracted by a high Mn in the metal fulf; (twt IVI'M z 00
OM-O~W%) Ww by maintaining tht metal in & state of
active boilift through the martiom FrO + C - Ft. +
CO. Substillim 4 At (,x Fr-gi it,t -1~xiditt-r I.-& a1w.
helpful, The" open-locarth vtort"
CFMM-(&) Steel, lf(MVVV1`. the 11MVIS SJKMM he 90 CFM-
ducted that wheta free S is intrtxltwv-i ai d"ittidiur Intu
the toth, befole pouring, the lawl "Iyout be free from
0111dra, or, ollitrwisr. MA1411 11Mt Medild he allusted 14W
IM SK% to tbw fato the stair. Th~ lasic tire. pmma In
an arc furawe Is kss favorable to thr finotati,ort of %tmt
(it) than the basic Often hearth. S. L. Mad-Irsky
9t,
6KE CLAIUPKATKP
An A I a a 4'K
It of WAD

0gi
1
0
*00600000
*
0
0 0
s
0
0
0
0 o a 0000090* 00041016*699 6
900

'
03 1 1 3 A 1 4 1 1
3
'
0
It
4 l, 17 41 0 PO

L
I I
k L a
'A
0 0FAI" a.A~ PD f r
.00

,
00
00 VOW4"Iffit Of 00 M001111"I SWIRICA pffttltl fV40 -00

9,0 C"bowoetalding toot Steel in an Slectfic4rc fumitct of

'
'
.06

'
fdl Yef. 1037..No 1.
theKhrovWifiriv. %
,ZAlIIorUeV L
-
W 'C
-
,
n V
00 4r!

0 r
t! ,
1 -.4; Citm.
. 4.
, Ks i
.
4
:,
rilt WrIiitiVily Of 11 C tool stCt I to halliCtling drimudi on it-, -00

-00
i chrut. c%mlin. Cr and Ni ctilevially inertraw the wn%i.
00 1, fivilY to hardening; The r2yerl I., apPilivill with A Cr con- -ad
00v ttig as low &40.1% and a Nocoment of Chcwit,i. .00
Vity to harthrikilt 41tilends Out isimm 111V Fill-Ahly .4 114C
so fl; /aw itiAlctiAl tjwd lit saiching. A hish Cr conivilt in lite
00 ore foist. is detrinitntai. 1henforv, lite Cr content in

Z; the mist. shtold not excerd 0.15%. Moreovrr, the
0 *a: icifills pc,x%,.g aficce.-i file .4-floitivily 44 fo~j #Itvl in

0 IlArdvoing. dmiodation and tictla-41tilt 1whig 44 ittvat fit%-
dto
porlankc. Thu.. tile athlu. of :114:1.41he ilcollilizills AgIIIIII
j f must follow dectikUtion of the buth by C slid drgamins.
The presence cA an At filln in the pan indicates a high con-
tent in roasted At ore in the furn2te, which impAits the
it quality of the steel. _-O a
satisfactory. $feel vielted undri a white ilall vo~w-.Lws
only a slight Acmitivity to haid-nint if the mittition
052! 1 Period in the txath is conlParativrly I'm& (.-41 - 110 Illill. 1.
0 An At admipit. (A more than 1.511 g. lxr IM) kg. st the
i
l
ff
d AN a
nicrita
e
ect
etr
beginning of lite refining pfocess has a
on the semitivity of the steel to hardening when the

0 switifix iL% carried oM ia whilvsLix. M. G, W

tit 0
Ott
A 1 61 L A SITALLOCK&L LIfFitill,41 CLASSIFICAll'"
:
dis s
sle t
.

IS AV 00 It: C
; ; or

g
'
AA 4L 1 4 W 0
N
1
I't
11 K it t9 It cc
I
0;00000000 00
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 It 0 O
0 *
0 0 0 0 0 0 O
0
00000*0:~*O
0 0 * 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 9 v 0 0 0 a 0 0 i
0 0 a

A ~~-Kl
0
0 e
, 31 9 a Ma is v a SO a 41 1. .
.
U Is a 1

so A r N I I L E g 4r R IM JL A-L-
Pe Clete too Apo #I- C401
PNOC91111 A.0 PlICIP41111111 ,Ctt -00,
i ILI?

ty at liodf VM*W Malft.
Kim Ndthou of OMICOMg am
(Sh-fallurg, 1934, NuAl. fill, Al. AA). (1111111"i-iti).
00 a
ThI, 1*11111fir IM411104111t Mild dvgaxil~ilig -as
00 1111ilthVir IlliftIbIn IIV liel"4vil so
so a[ rgallie ond " active " deoxithition And the birowr

00 takii4l place without tile formation of a thplicryton phit=-, %hiId
.00
rictivit itcoxidation B1141 lictivo degasifleatilill lioth result ill the
go
0 1,41rillAtion o( a noll-11104111v dia1wrillon [it, Imillix IIIII thist o
th;-. n-lativp th4tri'v" of " org ill " alld 'to-ti%t. " if -ollitfation have use
nit ecrect tilt tivrtaill prolm-rlit* (if tile ptc-4.1, %Ilh-h Ill,tv 0111A Ix,
00 diffennit for ateets with the panic degree oftotal deoxidatioit. pitip,
Use
ill for example, the ductili!y of a Fitoel increases with iticn,asitig qb~gnv
of " crgarliv dcoxii fat toll, lie tit-scribes a Itleth(ki ofthlerlitillilig
t fit, In I ter (i.e. tile iroll oxide content ifillilethatt-ly befort. I III, adtfil ii in goo
of decaidiperm) by tivoit Mixing At serk's of nicit a (if itcel "it 11 Idulili nill Ill wee

9 wid noting the amount of shuninium requireil just to kifl the st-m-1. ta
Aliff Huggests some methotis of controlling the extent of - organic
goo
stiff Active 41001111AU011 4111filIg the SUVIIIIAIJIg 111tit-CM.

ties

&I!A~LVSSKAL woo

,
7
It -;-534
143081 Mly C-4* gin -4 1, - -
0
t
a - .0 -T! Al ; W 9 49 if xl-; I is (W 0 a if 11 1 di a -3 1 W
-
1
:1 0 0 0 1111 01; 0 00 0 *lose 0 1111604 0 00 0 * 00 0 0 0 0 41 0 a 6 0 0 0
;
2
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0 0000.0 * 00 0 0 -D 1--

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0.0000000900 0 0 0 0 a * 0 0
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i4r, AND ~4914~
00 A
. !'I
00
o*j
091A :' ~ PRODUCTION OF STAMLESr kCID-RESISTANT STEM BY THE PROCF.4513 USED
oste AT THE FIROV WORKS, V.._Zsaoruov. (St&l, 1938. No. 10, pp.
0*9 31-37)0 (In Russian). The author b-MeTly reviews earlier mothods
used for the production of chromium and stainless stools. Hit than
describes the method used at the kirov works vihich is based on an
sot earli r process developed by kovarsh. The principal features of
00.1 this :ro-. (1) A normial charge for stainless steel heats involving
400 a oxidising 14 used and the oxidixing period Is shortanad by kooping
000 the carbon down to 0.3-0.4% after melting. (2) The char-go is
004 malted with the addition of line. (3) The oxidisint process Is
sow conducted urxier a ferrous --oxideAime 41s.e. (4) The removal or
oca slag. (5) Preliminary deoxidation of metal with an aluniniun-
manganeso-stliaon alloy. (6) Addition of previously heated forro-
chr=lu= is two or throo large batches vritit the electrodes raised.
(7) The metA,l to refined under a semi-Isold slag ihich is partly
00, a 111self-f ormoi!l" and partly obtained by additions of amall amounts of
burrit firoolay, the toW quantity of olag being kept low. (8) The
slag is deoxidived by the addition of finely ground screened forro-
WW
let
r 11 a IW 0 of I I W 14 -3 0 3 1 1
'0 11"Of Nang ItIX n at a WA a I
I Ole 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 160 0 is 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 a 4 41 411 0 0 * 0
a 00000 000 044110000000 10--o 0 0 * 0 000 000000
I _1'0~
_41
loo
"Go
-00
-00
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=00
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coo
9*0
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400
zoo
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goo
00
t2oo

n
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A - - __ I -
OCCOM
mod d the Nifting h ft Pby*d fto"90" d ClubInt
.4=oemw aM L S. Lavrent'ev. (Metallurg,
rod EN& V. X, /
1939, No. 1. p0:_41-50). (in Runlan). In the pmftnt work the 00
set authong report on an investigation of the effiect of agents having a 1-06
deoxidiAing effect, such aa (when, carbide stag, silicon and alu. 1,06
008 minium, and of the promas of oxidation of the bath by the addition
of imn ore on the formation of austenite. The experimental heats
-too
were Made iq a 3-ton &rr furnace. The exidisinit period was the
Parne fir all heats, but the deoxictizing pericel wal varied by - (1) -00
Mning. using a carbide slag and one of the following pmeem of 600
deoxidittion : (a) Carbide slag ferro-ailicon ) aluminium,
0013 li, zoo
(b) carbide slag 3, aluminium ferro-ailicon, and (c) carbide
goo i:. C(so
dag-+ ferro-ailicon. (2) Reflning nailer a white slag and
00.3 deoxidtflon with aluminium 3P lermailicon ip aluminium. Zee
06. Sample% taken at various staKes during the heat wrew examine4l for rao
001 hardeivibilit and McQuaid-Rhn grain size, and analysed to deter. a (V
0
mine their Imum oxide, nitropn and hydrogen contents. The j
authors conclude that changeo oft, roperties of the metal take place Z goo
00
througLout the heat. oamples tuen immediately after melting
Phowed it fine grain owing tot lie presence ofscattered oxide inclusions. Sao
Them, however, am subsequently coagulated and removed by the so*
J ferrous oickle (luring the boil, thi being accompanied by a coarsening V641
of the grain. This coarse grained ffteJ will only harden to a shallow
if
depth, In spite of the high carbon content (0414)-9%) owing to the 04
:1 very lavr cv)ntents of silicon, manganese and other *114ji
L ing clement4o Go
on the Orm, haral aml the appreciable content (0435 of formus
tic". %I-4111TO oxide on the other. The effect prudumi byadditionsafalurnudum Los
deperids to some extent on the slag used not also differs from the,
effect oftleouldising with ferro-omiliven. White the addition of alu. -tv P ~ i!
Is U S a 4 3 0 0 ,ix
U minium markedly refinte the grain dw mid also redums the harden.
4 00000011110069 96:1110OZ46000011111040604111*0
0o0 :1,00 000 0 0 0 10 0 4k 0 0 : 0 0 6606000006064.0 0 : .6

ISO 0 0 0 * 0 0
11 1 6 *0 60 11 jai J16, a to P a 34 13 Ill 1y so 0 0 41
it
JIM. Ja A 11-L-A-4-1 L- -4-A. it 4 0 x 1-.
4
#00 popmull A*
00 'M Bobstrkwo of FdwdaW Mumadfa undw Ccuddwj FmaLl.
lain theAmIRMSdUtiftfumsce. V.11.74niorurv. (.MmAllurg,
10311 NO. 3. pp. 46-M). (in of 'lervive -00
4 th;- lilting fit art, fit"ituvoill am nixtelt intur worpre thim in the olurn.
11"all(tirtipmv. Oxiling Imlow O"WC. ittler Istlilling 4-11mvill tile twttlll~ -00
("ritlatims to( III" Akimewl"oel "Ittg its lilt, 1.1torill. A-I *60
thill 4-haugo to 44-4-4)111114 lietl li~v all 111mmm. ill vablilittv. it 11,44 4 kery
Iflovilructiveaction Im 11:0 lilting.
sot
AM dw or l"Wou, tit' the 14hig'l ttp%41. F.ImniolOwil ill
is tattidwr I,( w4cult" tir isiamoto,,,ite 4-41 (tit' Ittlill(If 140 Ill(' I-11111-11"JIM
Oull Ow olaignmitto IIA411 Amlild havat a solort-ith, uravit .vfor :1 Als lactil
ity M-40% and thero ithould IR- no pirti% W) hirge w jolim
b"nifigh it ownwo. The Oiendral vintipt-iti--st lottwild two
111sogill'Alm Iml 9P_ lime 2-0 k I ica 311411 n lum it tit
Alkil li*A un Ignition kit minatilin lot lilt,
K gloollif lining tiliomod that it mosisted tit
from
rill,
:11ittrix 011111 fint, grahm of peridw unifornily ifixtributt4l muong
Ito (voilutc-tillvely larr gralow or Airutt-rito.' Small molounta of age
glismand crichlite tort, itlew lmwnt.
Woo
t1*411
all
I
ctoo
goof
it "I it it 'ta rill 0 pill 0 01 a I a of 0 -4 -Y-1
0 n 11 of Of 44 it I of It 11K
oe 0 OD Oo 0 0 a Q`

-. I v I ~ to W W 9 4 a ri I ef W is W-AVN. tir a v iv w 9 9 V V 1 9 W W 9 W W v 1,
IF 00 0 * 0 * * 0 * 0 * 0
0 ai 1 14111# ? 1 0 0 0 a 0 0 0 40 W
11 1`1 n 6-W 111 k-
A- IF IF
-Z
00 4 L-1 C -1
1-0 9-0 4M top,@$
00 Aft* 04MIP1111 0
W5(1
00 A
00A T119 1VW Of TUACIUM OoUoMk#)W In do EWfAro-KeWurn of .00
1~3L7ampqLqvs&IH,L.IAcvinA. (Metallurg,11UP.No.7, 7 i I
009 1 -00
The pomibility of using a titanium ore -00
P- 143). xiulu
oo a concentrate (titanium dioxide 45%. silica 7%. ferric oxiiia 4%,
00 a lime 33%) instead of the more expenisive ferro-titanium. its a source "00
-00
00 4 of titonium in the acid and hasip electric-furruLm melting of plain
carboli, low-allov (chromium-nickel) and 18j8 stainless steels was *00
so 8
*0 investil=,l. Ae processwas found to be successful when melt ing -40
under xkp In a basic furnace. There was no appreciable too
00 reduclion of the titanium dioxide from the ceneontrate In the arid
00 -3 furnsoe and in the basic furnace under semi-a6l slagn, but this
00.4 ctuestion needs further inveatiption. WhCh MIUCtiOll (If tIkC
0ow :11 concentrate did occur, there was a lowering of the nitrogen
content of the steel, and in the case of the basic furnace, when
0o :4 melting under basic slap, a certain ilmulphuriAing action wan
coo
00 41' also ohiiervod. The degree of reduction (if the titanium dioxide
depended an the amount of metallic azliled In the slag at the time
,:i
of adling the concentrate. The miuction wAA primarily duo to a
silicon and sluminium and only to a small extent to the carbon, too
though j% higher varlion vontent of the metal favonfril rodnation. 400
I~i o(titanfurn witro found to occur whon topping Ific, livato Into
%00
the IwIle.
Oft
A NOIALUACKAIL L111RATLAI CLASUPIC111104 U091
Cd 04.v
b U a ,I F A j be
a w a ap it a it K AM a K N at; ' ; ' I , , 0 A I a Q 0 a -1 is
It Kia 8
joe'd OoooogosoooooooooooooOOLOOOOOO*oooooo
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a a A -111-11 1 a IL 2- IL
"i't POP, "41111
00
00 a
0 8
0 : 1113
90
an Bonn samemo~
Effect of fusion of carbon tool steel ad the physical
properties d the metal obtained. Ism[
41 ZA)i
L. i. Lavrrut'rv. AleMilmrs: 14, No. 1.
Ckemir & tot,tkatie 42, IM,-- I lie lir%i;x rtiv% tit tlst~ metal
devvit,is dolitig the WhIsle 111,intl lmmv~,s. The (Imi'luits
4 the ossuissikvislaper is ow limitril is)
Ilk- F,10 J-4ved its the mrial, in 84111n. III 19-ItIs A
"we I'l the o-WAlitir: infiermi., t"mittilw4 A K.Wid 1--
41111140fig asetst Id else oxwt-I (If-jivt"I lit else flitlivu
III. FI-011% 1411trISILICkIn, it 6 the 1441,111.
!
lfAl 11sat mmitiorIs the dermyr Uivi-pr. A. K A"
lis"Ge -d Istatj .4# 4mv des;
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9 Ct Ille 0 0 of 0 0 0 0 Q, 0 0 0 410 0
slow M"Inw
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N is U a a
410
Age DWOMMLON 4 M W S I Tyl
--- I via -1 a I i I OL 4.
I t- away" I
lot ANO we W144 of* C-COM
a aw -S&II11440. wall
49 .. ..... ---In -,-" W- -- ~ g
Zaawnw, V. U. - SiavicsOf WAGNOU115 POWDCM 1-4
AM AILC VVRMACS. Jf4W&9f4 14 131 45-M
040 dt(we In The am futaim at the Klmv pUnt later.
040 with the SMdUAt Process and MA& It tweewt4v to
twoduce high-quality steel. The defects were due to %bQ
0 lp Intufficient stability of the botiom and hwzwxe magucsite
04* &kjws. This accounted for brge amounts a( maguetia
found in (be x4gs. The "lity a( the variam grades of.
04', sCoesite used *as tested. The quality of the magnetite 00
det"wined by Its thtm)W composition, specific gravity.
oet to,
grain Are. asid purnalty, RejWts show thAt gw%d magne-
idto poWdVr ShQUkl COMOM to the (0110MInX %PCTiftC-ltI0VlS.'
speritk gravity not Lew than S.S. pormity 33 to 401-%. and
grain sire (a) less than I % dust. (b) uat ovtr M7V 0 the
grains under 0.2 mm.. (4c) 20 to 30% of grains a ct 4.0 tum..
and (d) no residue on a 15 min. sic". The m2guetite
should contain 90 to 91% McO and not ova 2.6 CaO.- 04
00- 3.gSiO,.I.OAI.Oand2.Oto3.O'7oFrA. Samplespes, 00
taken from the furnace bottom &M analyzed. The com.
pWtion rAried with the stabDIV of the material. The *0
j 06. mast stable umple had a composiWon of 6029 MSO, OD,08 .0
C&O VUA SiOu 1.12 AlO FeO, and tracts of
Mtl
00. it consisted chitfiy of forsterite with sman grains of, of
so- klme distributed equally wnong the relatively large
r= tffitc grains, Sm2a amounts of $I= al"I melilite
Ivere also present.
0 0-
019 -14-0 --we al. III leg
111 42 2 2 L-1 5 a A a a 'I
I If a It It 1 112 tPR tt M It 19 9 91 4 4 it a a K (1 12 it a 4. 1 4 Fe
O's 0 0 * 0 4t a 0 w 0 0 0 0
low

TZPSTM, S.;- ?AMO VI-V.--H.
USISR (600)
steel - Retallurgr
Effect of the smelting process in a coreless induction furnacd upon the physical
properties of medium carbctn steel. Trudy TSNII Msp 8 no. 6, 1948.
9. Month List of Russian Accessions, Library of Congress, November 39511 Uncl.

Author i -noruen V.
_LL
Title; Manufacture of steel. (ProizvedsWO stali.)
city: Moscow
Publisher: The State Scientific and Tech-Acal Publication 1xirtaining
to the crude cnd chromium netall-argy
Date: 1950
Available4 Library of Congress
Source; Monthly List of Russietn Accesstons. vol. 4, no. 1., 1). 29

SOKOIDY, A.M.; DWHIIMKIY, V.P., inshener. retsenzent; ZAKORUTZV, VA,
kandidat takhnitihaskikh aank, rodaktor; HINITINO
redaktor literatury po tekhnologii rashinostroyanlya; POLISUTA, B.G.,
tekhnicheskiy rodaktor.
[Rapid smelting of steel in electric are furnaces] Skorostnye plavki
stali v dugovykh elaktropechakb. )Wokva, 0os.nauohno-tekh3i.Izd-vo
mashinestrolt,.lit-ry, 1952. 174 p. [Microfilm] Wak 7:10)
1. leningradskoya otdeleniye Xashgisa, fAveduyushchiy redakteiyey
(for Nikitin)
(Illectric furnaces) (Steel-Meetrometallurgy)

ZAMORUYEV, V.M. - SOKOLOV. A.N.. redaktor; RODCIMNKO. N. I., tekbnicheekly
r or
[High speed steelmaking at the Kirov plant] Gkorostnoe stalevarents
na. Kirovakam savode. [Leningrad] Leningradekos gazetno-zhurwItnos
i knlzhnoe izd-vo, 1953. 88 p. (Microfilm] (MLRA 7:10)
(Kirov--Steel industry)
(Steel industry-Kirov)

Z410RUYEV, V. M.
"The Effect ox" Chemical Composition and Other Factors on the Results of the
Flexural Testing of Cast High Manganese Steel G-13L." From the book,
"Heat Treatme:at end Pronerties of Cpst Steel." edited by 11. S. Kreshchanov-
skiy, Mashgiz, Moscow 1-955.

ZAMORUYEV, V.M.; ZIII:KHAREV, D.M.; LUTSENKO, O.H.; BARANOV, I.A., inzh.,
2%d.;-GVIRTS, V.L.. tekhn.red.
[Using oxygen blast for raising the temperature of liquid iron
in the ladle; practice of the KRnoner Shipbuilding and Ship
Repairing Plant] Povyshe'nie temperatury zhidkogo chuguna putem
produvki kislorodm v kovshe; opyt Kanonerskogo sudoetraitellno-
sudoremontnogo zavoda. Leningrad, 1956. 8 p. (Leningradoicii dom
nauchno-tekhnicheakoi propagandy. Informatsionno-tekhnichuskii
listak, no.31. Liteinoe proizvodstvo) (MIRA 10-12)
(Oxygen.--Industrial applications) (Younding)

M1011um, V. M.
"Distribution of Tungsten Between Liquid M.-tal and Slags,"
lecture giveb nt the Fourth Conference on Steelmaking, A.A. Baikov Institute of
Metallurgy, Moscow, July 1-6 1957

ZAI,DRUYEV, V. I.-I.
IfConcerning the Evaportion Procesn in Steel Metallurgy,"
lecture given at the Fourth Conference on Steelmaking; A.A. Baikov Institute of
Metallurgy, Moscow, July 1-61 1.957

ZAMCIRUM,, V. K
ZA,MORUYEVs VA., Do-c Tech Sci -(diss) '"Tungsten in steel."
Mos, 1958. 22 pp wlth graphs. (Acad Sci, USSR. Inst of lbtalltu.-gy
im A.A.Baykov). 150 copies. (KL.. 20-58.,96)

ZAMDRUYV, V.M.. dota.. kand.tokhnnauk
Behavior of tungsten and phosphorus in steel smelting furnaces.
Izv.vys. ucb6b.zav.: chernomete no#9:15-22 3 158. (MIRA 11:11)
b" i
1. Leningradskly- tuatitut lnzign~erov vodnogo transporta.
- (Smelting furnaces) (Tungsten) (Phosphorus)

137-1958-3-4675
Translation from: Referativnyy zhurnal, Metallur8iya, 1958, Nr 3, p 30 (USSR)
AUTHOR: Zamoruyev, V. M.
TITLE: Improving Steel Production Methods at the Kirovskiy (Formerly
Putilovskiy) Plant Isovershenstvovaniye metodov proizvodstva
stali na Kirovskom (b. Putilovskom) zavodel
PERIODICAL: V sb. : Metallurgiya, Moscow- Leningrad, AN SSSR, 1957,
pp -29-257
ABSTRACT: A brief history of the development of steel smelting production
at the Korovskiy plant; methods for reduction of the duration of
smelting processes are described in greater detail, together with
means of improving the production figures of the plant and methods
of improving the technology of steel production in the post-war
period.
A. L.
Card 1/1

AUTHOR: None Given SOV/128-58-11-24/24
TITLE; Dissertations Presented for Obtaining Scientific Degrees
(Dissertatsii predstavlennyye na soiskaniye uchenykh ste-
peney)
PERIODICAL: Liteynoye proizvodstvo, 1958, Nr 11, inside back cover (USSR)
ABSTRACT: The following dissertations were submitted. For the degree
of Doctor of Technical Sciences: V.M. Zamoruyev (Institut
metallurgii im. A.A. Baykova, AN ffffl' ~-n`sfMte of Metallur-
gy imeni A.A. Baykov, AS USSR) - Tungsten in steel (Vollfram
v stali); A.M. Korollkov (Institute of Metallurgy imeni
A.A. Baykov AS USSR) - The Dependence of Casting Properties
of Non-Ferrous Metal Alloys on Their Comporition and the
Form of Structural Diagram (Zavisimost' liteynykh svoystv
s;lavov tsvetnykh metallov ot ikh sastava I vida diagramm
sostoyaniya). For the degree of Candidate of Technical
Sciences: V.V. Averin (Institute of Metallurgy imeni A.A.
Baykov, AS USSR) - Solubility and Activity of Oxygen in
Ltquid Iron, Nickel, Cobalt and Their Alloyo (RastvorimoBtl
i aktivnost' kisloroda v zhidkikh zheleze, nikele, kobal'te
i ikh splavakh ) ; B.V. Bauman (Moskovskiy institut stali
Card 1/0 im, I.V, Stalina - Moscow Institute of Steel imeni I.V.
V~~

SOV/128-58-11-24/24
Dissertations Preseni:ed for Obtaining Scientific Degrees
Stalin) - The Effect of Nitrogen on the Structure and Me-
chanical Properties of Cast Iron (Vliyaniye soots, na struk-
turu i mekbanicheskiye evoystva chuguna)i G.M. Glinkov
(Moscow Institute of Steel imeni I.V. Stalin) - Heat Ab-
sorbt.%on by the Bath of Open Heart)2 Furnaces an a Basis of
Controlling the Thermal Process (Teplopogloshcheniye vanny
martenovskoy pechi kak osnova regulirovaniya toplovoy ra-
boty);; N.I. Gran' (Moskovskiy institut tsvetnykh metallov i
zolota im. M.I. Kalinina - Moscow Institute of Non-Ferrous
Metals and Gold imeni M.I. Kalinin) - Some Problems of Flux-
less Oxidizing Blowing-Through of Cobalt Alloys (Nekotoryye
voprony beeflyusovoy okislitellnoy produvki koballtovogo
splava); Du Tyn (Moscow Institute of Steel iM611i I.V. Stalin)
The Effect of Manganese on the Deoxidizing Capacity of Sili-
con in Liquid Iron (Vliyaniye'margantsa na. rasltislitellnuyu
sposobnost' kremniya v zhidkom zheleze); Ye.I. Malinovskiy
(Ural'skiy politekhnichaskiy institut im. S.M. Kirova -
Ural Polytechnical Institute imeni S.M. Kirov.) - Determina-
tion of Sources of Steel Contamination by Oxide Impurities
Card 210 During the Discharge and Casting of Steel (Ustanovleniye

SOV/137-58-9-18621
translation from: Ref erativnyy zhurnal, Metallurgiya, 1958, Nr 9, p 65 (USSR)
AUTHOR: Zamoru, ev, V.M.
V
TITLE: Evaporation Processes in the Metallurgy of Steel (0 protses-
sakh ispareniya v metallurgii stali)
PERIODICAL: V sb.: Staleplavilln. proiz-vo. Moscow, Metallurlgizdat,
1958, pp 127-150
ABSTRACT: Experimental melts were conducted in induction and arc
furnaces to study the evaporation of Fe and impurities therein.
The Fe and impurity fumes were trapped in a special con-
denser during the melts. The following are the wayi3 in which
elements may be lost as the result of evaporation: Evaporation
of metal followed by oxidation of its fumes, or oxidation of the
metal followed by sublimation (evaporation) of its o-xidcs. Fe,
Mn, and Al are lost via the first route, W, Mo, Ti, P, and Fe
by the second. Reducing, weakly oxidizing, strongly oxidizing,
and neutral atmospheres were created in various experiments
in the working space of an arc furnace. Evaporation processes
attain their highest level in a reducing atmosphere and dimin-
Card 1/2 ish in an oxidizing atmosphere. In an arc furnace, the losses

SOV/137-58-9-18621
Evaporation Processes in the Metallurgy of Steel
of Fe as the result of sublimation and evaporation arc > 0.41o when melting
occurs in a reducing atmosphere. The magnitude of Fe loss by evaporation
in induction furnaces is insignificant.
L. K.
1, ~btaiiurgy 2. Ste-el-Pr,)cessing 3. Metaln-OxIdation 4. Pletalu-Sublimation
Card 2/2

18-3200 78183
SOV/133-60-3-8/24
AUTHOR: (Candidate of Technical Sciences)
TITLE. Electrometallurgy. Absorption of Metal by the Hearth
of Steel Smelting Furnace
PERIODICAL: Stall, 1960, Nr 3, pp 223-224 (USSR)
A13STRACT: This is a report on the determination of absorption
of bath admixtures by the fu ace hearth. The radio-
i9
active 'Lsotope of tungsten W
5 was used as an
indicator, The tests were conducted In a 100-kg
induction furnace; 30-kg one-phase are furnace;
79-ton basic open hearth furnace; and 40-ton
basic,electric furnace. A substantial source of
losses in valuable admixtures in steel during melting
is due to their absorption by the hearth of steel
furnace., which in practice results in contamination
of the metal by some eiements from previous melts
(chromium after melting of chromium steel, nickel
Card 1/3 after raelting of nickel steel, etc.) According to the

Blectrometallurgy. Absorption of Metal by 78183
the Hearth of Steel Smelting Furnace SOV/133-6o-3-8/24
data of V. A. Demantlyev ("Increase of Life of Open
.Hearth Furnaces,'" Metallurgizdat, 1950) the hearth
of open hearth furnace (magnezite and, in lesser
degree, quartzitic) has considerable pDrosity.
The volume of voids in magnesite burning-in equals
20-30%. Therefore, it should be noted that In
thq pzocess of melting, the surface of the hearth
does not represent the boundary of the liquid
metal. The upper layer of the hearth, having the
temperature of liquid steel, is saturated by liquid
metal to a depth depending on the temperature of the
bath' and that of the hearth under the conditions
of tHermal equilibrium. The conducted experiments
are discussed. Previous work of B. I. Bruk is
mentioned. -The experience of Kirovskiy Plant in
Leningrad and other plants confirms that when
smelting of Gl~ steel (G13 steel has about 13%
manganese content) was followed by smelting of carbon
steel, a test sample (taken 10-15 minutes after melting
Card 2/3 down) usually contained 0.55-0.61)% Mn. The prevention

Electrometallurgy. Absorption of Metal by
the Hearth of Steel 5melting Furnace
78183
SOV/133-6o-3-8/24
of penetration of bath admixtures into the furnace
nearth iS a rather complex problem. For lowering
the lOSSE!S into the hearth the authors recommend:
(a) Building the hearth from material as fine-grained as
possible (ma nesite) with relatively small voids between
the grains; Tb) conducting smelting of special steel
wi.tbL valuabde Ingredients withaut <ernating aame with
smelting of.other,,steels. With.such a procedure,
s_' - 6 "' ' f
further tran iti-ft'o admixtures from metal of the
bath into the metal of upper layers of the hearth
should sharply diminish or stop altogether. There
are 2 fiE;ures and 5 references; 4 Soviet, 1 U.S.
The U.S. reference is: L. S. Darken and R. W. Gurry,
Physical Chemistry of Metals, New York, (1953).
Card 3/3

I/
ZAMORd-W, V.M.
K voprosu povedeniya titana. v staleplavilynykh pechakh.
report submitted for the 5th Physical Chemical Conference on
Steel Production.
- 1)0 JUN 1959

ZAMORUIEVp V#M*, doktor tekhn. nauk, prof.; FOK:M, A.Z., inzh.
Heat resistance of the piston rings of marine internal
combustion engines and ways to increase It. Trudy LUT
no.73:5-12 164. (MIEM 18: 11)

z ,j.!,1 -U
.. .. I , . d()!.Lnr t~iklai,mu,~ikj pri-X. ; k, 11,LKOV, V.A,., Irzhe
9
!!:;i-w (A' boroni~adl Im--kot ahain rvgf3 on a dnidge, Trudv MYT
. I I
I no#71A29-32 161, (M-IRA 18:10)