SCIENTIFIC ABSTRACT VOLKENSHTEYN, YU.B. - VOLKHONTSEV, I.B.

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SCIENTIFIC ABSTRACT
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5(2, 3) SOY/2o-.128-3-28/158 AUTHORS: Golldfarb, Ya. L.,-,-Vollkenshteynj u. B. TITLE: Action of Bromine on 2-Acetothienone in the Presence of Excessive Aluminum Chloride PERIODICAL: Doklady Akademii nauk SSSR, 1959, Vol 128, Nr 3, PP 536-539 (USSR) ABSTRACT: In the bromination of acetophenone, the bromine does not enter - as otherwise with ketones - into a side chain but into the ring., in metaposition to the carbonyl g7oup (Ref 1). This happens in the presence of 2-5-3 moles of anhydrous AM 3 without a solvent. Apparently, this method can also be used for a similar halogenation of other aronatic car- bonyl compounds. The role of AM 3 is probably the blocking of the acyl group by formation of a resistant complex with dimeric cyclic structure. Both from a practical and a theoreti- cal point of view, it was interesting to investigate by the example of the substance mentioned in the titlE this peculiar blocking of the side chain; under usual conditions, Card 1/3 this substance can 'only be halogenated in the side chain M/20-128-3-28,158 Action of Bromine on 2-Acetothienone in the Freeenae.of Excesnive Aluminum Chloride (Refs 3, 4)- Publication data speak of an a-oriexLting action of the sulphur atom stronger than the.action of-iieta-orlenta- tion (Ref 5). The bromination mentioned-ln-ths- t:"Ltla yielded a 4-bromo-2-acetothienone (I) not deac2:ll:ied-im..pixbl:Lcations. 4,5-dibromo-2-acetothienone, the striictw:!a of.wh:Lch, was con- firmed by reference 10, was formed as a by-product. The struc- ture of the bromine-substituted ketone I was conf"irmed by 2 methods (see Diagram), namely by oxidation or by reduction. The bromination method described hboveg.and the m.oELtly high yields, offer new possibilities of synthesizing..the poorly accessible 2,4-substituted thiophenes. Detailed date, on the introduction of a 2nd acyl group into the 2-acetothienone, as well as on its chloromethylation by the method of reference I, will be published later. There are 11 referen,.-es. ASSOCIATION: Institut organicheskoy khimii im. N. D. Zelinskogo Akademii nauk SSSR (Institute of Organic Chemistry imeni N. D. Zelinskiy of the Card 2/3 Academy of Sciences, USSR) GOLIDPARB, Ta.L.; VOLIKENSHTEM, Yu.B. Composition of a mixture of products from the chlorowthylation of 2-acetothienone in the presence of excess aluniviry"t chloride, and synthesis of 4- and 5-formyl- and 4- and .5-Yqdro4rmethyl-2- acetothienones. Izv. AN SSSR.Otd. khim. nauk no.12:22:38-2240 D 16o. (MIRA. 13:12) I. InBtitut organicheskoy khimii AN SSSR. (Ketones) VOLIKENSHTEYN, Yu.B.; LOPATIN, B.V.; PETUKHOV, V.A. Study of the composition of products of bramination of 2, thienyl- ketones in the presence of an excess of aluminum chloride. Izv. AN SSSR.Otd.khim.nauk no.10:18?9-1883 0 161- (MM 14:10) 1. Institut organicheskoy khimii im. N.D.Zelinskogo AN LSSSR. (Ketones) (Bromination) GOLIDFARB, Ya.L.; VOLIMISHTEYN, Yu.B. Chloromethylation of acetophenone and 2-acetothieone :bi the presence of excess aluminum chloride. Zhur. ob. khim- 31 no.2: 616-623 F '61. (91'RA 14:2) 1. Institut organicheskoy khimii AN SSSR. (Acetoplienone) (Ketone) (Chlorametl4ylation) VCL'KENSRTEYNj Yu.B.; GCLIDFARB, Ya,L. Bromination of alkyl thienyl ketones. Dokl.AN SSSR 138 no.1:115- 118 My-Je 161. (MA 14:4) 1. Inatitut organicheakoy khim~i im. N.D.~ linskogo AN SSSR. 2. Predstavleno akademikom A.A*Balandinym, (Ketones) (Bromination) Ya.L.; VOL' KEMSHTEYN, Yu.B.; II)PATIN, 13.V. Bromina-~ion and chloranethylatIon of 2-thinhanealdehydr- i-- --h-e- r7 presence of an excess of alumintun chloride. Lihur. ob. khim. 34 no. 3;969-977 Mr 164. (MIRA 17.6) 1. Institut organicheskoy khimil imeni N.D.Zolinskogo AN S~I;,,,R. MAYRANGVSKIY, S.G.; BAPASHKOVA, N-V.; VO LIIM. N-S, flJT-,YN, Yu, B. Polarography of 2-acetylthlaphene and its bromr) On the preceding protonation in the electrochemica.1 breakJng of '-,Ie C-Br bond of 5-bromo-2-acelylthlopliene. Izv. AN SSSRw E, er. khim. no.9:1539-1547 165. (Kh'A 18,9) 1. Institut organicheskoy khimiJ im. N.D. Zelinskogo All SSSR-, MAYRANOVSKIY. BAItASHKOVA, N.Y.; V(L'~Y.NSF'I!;Y-H',, V.u.B. P-larogrraphy of bromothiophene; affect of the organic solvent concentraticn on the half-iava potentials. Elekt--r-okhimiia 1 no.1:72-77 Ja 165. WiRA 1835) 1. Institut organicheskoy khimii im. N.D.Zelinsko.go AN SSSR. GOL'BFARBJP Ya.L.; VOLIKENSHTEYN, Yu.B. Ghloromethylation of 5-ethyl-2,-acetothienone. Ilzb. "' SSSR. Otd.khim. nauk no./+:737-742 Ap 163. (bark 16-3) 1. Imstitut organicheskoy Icbi-ii im. N.D.Zellnako 0 AN SSSR, (Ketone) (Chloromethyli4tionj VC L I KEQ'I'-8,IIThYI I i B.V.; PETUMIOV, V.A. Spectral study of the complex of 2-acetothienone with aluriini- chloride. Izv. All SSSR. Otd.kh-im.nauk no.5-- 9.17-0,19 'Yy 162. OARA. 15:6) 1. Institut organicheskoy khimii im. H.D.ZelinskoLo S':~SR. (Ketone--Spectra) (Aluminum chloride) MERZfWTOVA, Ye.; MIGUYLOV, A.; VOLIMISON, G. Competitions. IMT no.7:39-40 J7 159. (MIRA L!:11) 1. Instruk-tor sektaii metallovedeniya i tervioobrabotici TSentrall- nogo pravlonlya nauchno-tokhnichaskogo obahchentva mati,hinostroitell- noy promysblennosti (for Morzhanova). (Research, Industrial--Competitions) KAUFMAN, B.N., kandidat tekhnicheakikh nauk; VOLIKICNSON, G.M. Using a material called 'Gruptolit" for the reinforcement of canal slopes. Rach.transp. 16 no.2'29-30 P '57- (MIRA 10:3) (Canals) (Building materials) VOLIKENSON, G. Development of volunteer participation in the Black Sea tasin. Mor. flat 23 -no.605 Je 163. (KIRA 16-.9) 1. Chlen sektsii informatsii TSentraltnogo pravleniya Na-mchno-tekhni- cheskikh obshchestv vodnogo tran3porta. (Black Sea region-PSerchant marine) TtIKENSONY G. In the public interoat~ Rech. transp. 22 no.4t43 Ap 163. (MM 16-.4) (Inland water transportation-Tecluiological innovations) BLT]IISTIKO, A. ; VCLIM;*SOIII, G. ------------, Timber sl-A-ddin- and icading, unit. ;TO 2 mr,.-1:2? Yr "" - I (MIRU 13-6", (Lumbering-.-machinery) A a a jo 1 23 n ja is x 17 if 1 r a R I 0 it #2 if U at a 1 A 1. 4 4 1 Y __ _1 -I- I -M a Cc M U A. S L 9 A-- -A- k j - .11 -11 . , , 14 ; A ir -.A-I ,- Aj 00 f . ~- ~ ~ , ... '1. , - A tothic AM ADVW th GfAt* I tiol animall 14w,- Ca-l"IthfOrl ."d Iv %, 4p 0 0 n ~-.bw .-I in F, X11-11 M. 'WI In Mt 171- C-ImIt"t f., i_ in.tter d.cr-A.- . i "W l It-ti ,f I'll-I 1 1 h , "t .1 via p pIt-eii, by", ktitwr. Tbe -wvi ill thr pIrt-ti -f or- 1 ~,mnlwt~ r:jl% is higher Own in ri,,rmal antm.tl~ I 1-w 4- It-~ in she r"Im-f 1,~rjpi J "I Ili Ili, lIy,t J mallial filli I-xins (.111V all't :1 a hm 'j ;I.t.fupc 69 It iitt4m, 'ImjIft-table, 1411s,% "Itet 6 fill. OxIdAtI.Ill III tlw kidney 6 fixwe nit".1, fit tile I4.1"n till, 1~xins only, after IS III,. of arlatiiAl And Attauffs V.m- 400 ldvrabl, vulue,i only after -14-IL-4 ljr%. Ili 14ingeT .44n. Ill ago 411111 tiNIjr of JI-11sen's tat ~.utrollla lite Icclvaw bettinmI 411111111 values only after Ater 2 3 bts., bul attains et'nsideruble 00 1,1 Is tits. niv oxidition In lite livtr is slower in Ilmlial =go 00 tats. The conen- iscolliderably higher ill winter tban ill If 410 ,ununcr in It,,th florl"Al And dis"sed tissues. It is ctm- echanism i sts [A M cluded that in animal ti-,mics there c% , 490 Lt o L that juainiainn the glillathitine Aid AWfitbic acid in a rc- N . 'latc Mid pwt",I* them floill de"'1111m, It 112% It -1Y ualltilsitiv. for ud . fl q diflulvill dulsilal atful .1111,1rist t 1-11cif App-trIll IV, o tile glutalbitmie h0p. lo Mjbilift, tile ledtird (mill of StCfAnOWsky L L i ' o0 . . milei. ucVfbic avid ill the t w to b0 0 AS-SLA AVALLURGICAL L1TC4AYkiRE CLASSIFICATICH zS; 4 p 1 OO , CW Q.~ Li, T Ir I it ad 0 N a I At III a 3 0 1 q or -c or zr cc K a it it ar 0 0 0 *10 0 o e 111 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 OT Kw n 4, 1,2 0 0 , 0 - o 0 * 0 : 0 0 0 0 010 * 0 0 0 0 41 & 0 0 0 9 0 0 0 0 4 ( 4 f 0 41 g 0 0 6 0 4 0* A SO A 00 064 004 00 -F 00 it 00-3 000 SO .3 gov 0011 7 LLAP-L-L-?__~ 711W 1 7 71 AAA V _ _ :-490 AJID It ~11 _ k P49M Il ! -00 The am;i4new Am As dried 41mues of 90 t6 rat ~%M In QA *rdwAW=I"mI fi f J 00 ssuo o ensen$, 11W. y". T be 6UMRL of asoorble in spleenotasecoma-bear- ~06 ing, rat& is pesta-than t64 of Animals. With -00 Adration of'sornmi liver, In Abe amount of reduced saoublo acid " hr. whiM oxidation In tim hidney ta man quickly. I a :3 * 0 the spleen, decrease In U00d form occurs only after 19 hr. &4r&Upm -In hissithy thisue of Jensen rat ego Marwnms doecream in.aeomblo &cM Is rapid after 2-3 a 0 0 hr.-agration, but soon ovasm 0xid1stionufascortic acid in,Uver.of swoopta-bearing rats begins earlier L AM In more rap" thim In liver,of normal rats. The Pe&mon Influen6es; 66 oonen. and state of ascorbic acid In, normal m0 sarcomatoun timue, the ainount .49 0 In winter being much greater than that in summer. : A mechanism probably exists In the animal to keop l t thi d b :* 0: A u ons an ascor lo acid in the reduced states g too 0 &Dd protect them fix= oiddation. whilst ghtathione helps to stobfUme reducid ascorbic acid. J. N. A. tjoe !14. L~ TALtUM%K~L LITIIIATUI~J 111WICATION via. Nows"V 0 111431 aw 0xv it, An 1 9 a U a 'a a 3 1 1 n106.1 06- W -W ~w -w-W o o o o 0 0 iiiOv 12 is is is '4 it IN If a 1 11 v n 14 1% )11 Y7 is 24 10 It 12 At M is It I? It P. o,' i. lu 41 44 o A .-a a. it, r u A I I m I i-1_1 T -1, AA M V. 90 d Illunl4thill 0 ..,not 'bic mcill in iniftnal intilittal flasurs and 00 In tissues tit tuslignant tunturs. It. 1. 6,AA-littill ~joul 1) V- V !A.ULWI- 3. li,-%%ing WMICS (Clikliye) Iiyrt. tillniw) I&S well a% tile I.Ij- --mm munot cause cmidalion 4.1 S~-eobov art.). the A 'I"en est. can*" tile Complete Ill-struviinn of zeul"I'l" -00 --I its 2-66n.' steralittim. Liver and kidney r%l.. Imilit Al-4%t thO IfiftppCAMWT Of &MMXLnC lKill In I 'I lil't.' -IA- ti.m. Ilesting q4em time for 40 min. at',-W. and mil,- k1=00 -quent acrUtion (A the est.. Causes nil declonctli"I if r0 0 '-wine 46.1. 11 this ext. is Suldott to an "I. J I at miao.xona will arraird, the altrinbir avid I- citniplet, 1% Thc pl.~cnvv In file splevu .4 a .ind thorrinumiltilde fill 4111vint. e, a IlilAted. Tile iisiur id a inalignant tillilt3l MISIA111% OW 0 !Ivirolobbile rinlipontill but not tile Ilarrontiilible title. -Z 1 1-11900 111141 hence i~ it!i-a;-AI.Ie tit oxidiling :mNlrbit. actil. It. Coh. it I Joe i A I I L A W. 'j.KAL LITFM&TUKL CLASSIFIC.11cuV co 0 .33- 1.3.1110 wee It i 111411 .7.1 a-, tit I a tk 0 1 W As a I A; IV try If AW Is 91 #1 a tt it (9 1 .14 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 9 * * 0 0 0 00 0 0 09 go 0 0 0 is 4 e 0 0 0 60 0 0 0 Oi 00 00 0 & 0 0 41 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 I IT it U 11 14 11 It W It 0 0 #1 a of ago G A r 0o A, It 18 K 'd MI k .~% q4fS of 00 00 4. 1 ill I"Ilm-11 rat !utcolna (lint llot ill IiVVT. Li-InVy -14 10. 'hu'llic m~afwfl Awl in Ille ple-11- .11 AdJ11. .4 11,kh in 1~1mi.lAw t,- Ol, 0.0 l""k. , .4 J~u-l lAt 410 the ill ~Alkw lli~ ~1%1,1,6911111 Of A-WIPIC 6WO. I 14C aWlitIO Will be Still 101111 ..00 AD 0 intenw it lw~th 11A and peroxidaw am added. A-,Lxtj e .00 "-id in liver and kidney th',itte is wit Oxidized by HA and 00 '31 Prirmicy moo =00 06 coo 00 coo 0 00 it 0 00- so 0* SO -- goo go C~m I I -e-, !goo I-00 ~ji A%Q,&LA SITALLUtOCAL IT11141L, Of CL. WK, tO 000 WOO *0 ILL It AT go Is IC a a 3 2 1 0 0 0 o i 0 0 a 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 is 0 0 0 0 0 7.0"o I I 00 001 : : : : * - -- 0 00 0 0 0 0 0 0 a 0 00 00 0 a a it 00 0 0 to 0 0 0 Sosoil. 0 0 --o-w-#T*- I 1 3 a 1618stillul3wisli, Is to Its it a n it a 21 10 1 M V ill It 40 41 Q IS 'A . ~C 1 11 11 U IL A- A- !oe A lk~ j a L it- 1-1- u V Is 1 2 AA K cc W-U - Is. OT ..q Aucciftsic acid In the Placenta of the rat, IL I C;4A',f- Oltvfit and D. V.-VtWitent.n. fiw(hrm. J. tf'krjj(j,L I Ij, 311 ~ 14 (tit Ilw"iaii,314 -15; Ili I-*tijtIl,h.3U*, W) i lVi9i - 00 or During Ole lit's few tlay~ of itcwimi she aebl C.,litelit if th, 14.14-Clita ti-S froill 1114,111 'V, mg. % tit 11-41 mg. It then i1ccresaws gradually tolwtween IlfundL31 mg. at liar usid of the gestation Iwrki. R. Levine 00 j 0 q 0 to 0 00 3 -00 lp no 0 41 ?A 00 ~e 0 1. A .11ALLU*GKAL LIVOINATkillf CLASSWICATION -0 a Ito., we* u is AT so LS In saw 0 it 4 1 W 94 5 13 a 3 0 1 ; a, ~ a, Is I Is sic x 0" 0* sit 0" i* Ve 0 0 : 0 0 0 4or :i* 00 : 00 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 & 0 0 0 0 0 14 93 IM6 17 31 1 V a so-, wit Aim 140 asp Noo Al 4U&S "Asne --Ara I It I A& M QC RQ it 00 A 01~0~yj ____ 0 00 00 IFC:5F- it 0* a Effect of Iran an oxidation of ascorbic, acid in aninual tis- .00 00 A Sues. It. 1.0old~htcrn and D.V.Volka-ttzart. Ridkkimi)" -41119 arid W%-tdWi3;-)Win nortual liver "I 00 a de1w,nds on a sYstcxn ,..ntg~ Fe, and inwiling autoxidiz-, 00 ;jj& Fe cotnplexes. oxidation is tirtnted by the Fe conteny and by a second Ompollemt of the complexes. ThisoxitW- *0 Orr timi i.4 irreversible, unlike th2t in growing tissues of in- 41400 0 .3 1mims, l'unjor zrowth raight he inhibited by substituting alitmidizable PC coult'lexes, C. X., pyr(w-awhol-Fe, for =00 the 111MIanism normally controlling ascorbic acid oxid4- i a in thr lasmor. )I V P. A. 40 0:0 go v Ire 9 BIOCHEM. LAB. DEPT. OF EXPERIMNTAL 11TGENOLOGY AND RADIOLOGY, KIEV MED. AND BIOLOGYt, INST- OF LITHRATW CLA19WICATION A MITALLUMMICAL toad o,2 it 04, oaf 44414-1 a U is AT [a AS . I ! '1 6 1 a V T KA An A p top IT 49 K n 49 it be n tt if K MLO 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 l0as as 0 0 0 Ill 'i~'G TT ~11$ TWO. t a 41 1 9 L Ir's AND -)-Cjk*fos -A4L-A- -1 -jL POC41IRS AND PROPINTIES mots ow men" mA CONOWIM. D. V. S. A. Xaftcherom BiosAdw. 217)Z74" = I =_ 0 tuommemofthrim SVE~ I am eztmctld *ft 2 '1006 _"W'Simabolmmudy Cw If the roduwc~Wd as jj~ mmumt K a la: June, owes. TU - ~ ~ at" so in 0 mmelww r0 t ON tunuum do", "WT 00111fth SO " mommilled " Fo. gill Reim of of tilell'Oft Wkh *01cont It in Presence 01 bi& sill ;b= A" owhl. .=4 EM hrom, G gas the mm.hm -A ad Im thii maw =00 #I Fe ob A- sww form com- %a a Zt. a -0 tomedow me al Ub" is by H aud COO Pb*Wb&lm Wd my be reduced in So M to reduced In Or 00 Wmelt-SOUS V$d*Cdm of the Ummus ad mtmaj.. 00 he IdIIflAWd tin. Z%d*cd= Ot Me "Imm and extractim 109111-4 HPOV. W. MCC. ass, too too zoo IITALLUOICKALLiTrmAru*irCLASUFICAItGIll moo too t4jolro A, 43.v doe go 11 U AV No it i IF As 9 w 91 ; "I ; .19 K a 99 Ct PC a cc An I it ew o a Im 0 0 ~16-00. 00- aftal 0 0 0 0 a 0 0 0 0 a a 0 0 0 0 a 0 0 a -0 0 010 0. 0 0 0 ql.~o 0 0 0 0 0 00 00 0000 00006 0*00 0 0 st 600009 T7'. Z J71' ool itelt?'I't lot t 1 to I, B r__ T, I tj A 1-k-m " It (Autol -00 -19 1 Deftnuiftstwo 0(dIskytire"corbic "W stad iftsa-&~ li v 0 tenzil". o "in doe". it aull V5. i9sisthem. J. (Urairstr) 17. 219-23(1911); :twps,.-I)ehydtn%.cmbi,* su-W its ti-n- is redmed by treatistent with guffi"icyl wid-Zli anti cicid. by filia- 00 it s 2.ki-dkhtofoplienol-ituiof)ltcttol. It much t4vn with 00 0 Al "masked" Fe is present, JIPOB is added after treatment l i bili h - o e awor c ze t with Zu in order to removir color awl %ta 00 ackt. The Procedure is inapplicstbis: to -Ivtu. of iNgatc.1 .00 dehydguitscx1sic sscitl sirlm irmirri-mlsic tkcustipu. txcut%. The tswu fractions of the new fog.. of acutbic aciI IF- -00 0 ascurbic ") are drtd. similarly, the first after grinding 6 : l. the ti5suct; with 3% 11PO, + !1)7v sulfonalicytiL a 0 In the detu. of the sircund fractitm, 29)%, 11110, 6 used in- 00 01 lead (A 3%. 11 C. 11. A. -0 0 00 ~00 410 0 00 o ~v 0 ~00 ;;o 0 J te 0 =0 0 :00 1.1 A S a. S I. METALLURGICAL LITERATUR E CLASIIFKATICOI It Z t:49 0 W,3.,j 40 v 0 W It IT 11 IF or 61 of a K 9 it a It It of 0000400 0 0 0 0 s 0 10 An f1w n 1 14 0 00000*000904,0000 0 : :i 0. 'a, A 0 0 o 0 * 000 0 0 -0 (a 0 0 o 0000000*0 04 06 so 0 012 -W- 0 P-twAxam in $row I 03A r f 066460 6i C. L. Ir. I I m P--Q ft-7, WAX 4j -.1,, 8, o0 ve 00 lf6n-&StMbJC acid In animal tissuea. 11. 1. (kil'tishteln ;Iss,l 11, V. Vol'kesuon (fit-it. F"Apti, Iindocrinulogy, Cf. C.A. 36, t Nt,--ovv). Bi(,khi,,ii)oj 12, 45311.-1t hail prrviously b-ii detti. that there exims IS 0 41 WlifltAl 64411VI 110t (Mily ffCV, MIUMI U%COfl)iC Wid, lMt AN) acortAc aci-i ct"nhined with piitchis with the mid of *0 1 The part uf the '00 "jincral. ckr ~,P-catlcA cagily di,%ujc,f. Fe. protein to whic-h Fe-aw-whic scid (1) 1% Attached it the "Os t lkllvleic a6l. (hily sitimitc mn(A, of I air (mmil it% the at 1311C)"ic ai,l It"m 11141ijimit Thc O'D JUiCIMAIC i~ CFA-156)"llinj[ OW flVe Acid of tih~u" inco 1. If. Pricilley ;so 0 LI so o 09 0, 0 =00 00 *a 00 is 00 00 A I a . $ L ADITALLURfKAL LITERAYUSIE CLASSIFKATICIN 0-- a-( u AV a Ll M " plVit jWbC Wit $[C[ KtlZj U09 .T.. st a o 0 a *I* * a .0 a a 0 a 0 0 0 * 0 0 0 a 00 0 a 0 isto 0 o * a a 0 0 0 0 0 0 a 0-9_9 ZOO rz- I L H I --IF ii~-i -CT -a4 KLO 41 114 0 0 Ole 0 * 0 a 0 0 0 0 0 0 a 0 41 0 0 0 0 6~; a 0 0 0 0 0 0 * $I a 0 009, '00i The mechanism of the action of vitamin C. B 1. V.-Vorkcrizon. L. G. Kondrat'rvra, and N. D. U'I'Yallov' iln,t. Expil. Endocrinology. Moscow). Bivkhimiyu 15. '17,3-7(19-~01); cf. C.A. 41, 5195d.-The chief ful-lita, of a~orhic acid i% to participate in the F.'rinati"It of acid in tile linclei. Itrexu- ~Lktc, the phy-clivin. prolwrti,, ,f the inielt-i (j,; tile vi-4- ct.ity) and -Ahrr iniptirtant hit)!. fc,licticHis (24 fission). Thr,econchl'i'lu-, are of] tile followingeXpti. results: -Nuclei w"e scpd- from the liver of guittea pigs by the method of Dounce, (C-1, 37. 3146 , The .) at a Of of 4. nucki "ere in a 41.;,' -113, of S~..CO, f;~7 :11*1 ""')' The rVlLlli%l- dvid. .11 in an Otwald visconicter. The suits. tA the nuclei was hydrolyzed by heating for 2 hirs. at 50-1515*. In the by- drtAyzate ri1xiise. dcsoxyritow, and P were detd. Out group of guinea pigs received the ordinAry lab. ration. Another group received the mine ration which h.&4 prr- i viously been autoclaved. Finally, a third group was completely starved and re(vived only water and ascortge aM. The most characteristic feAtureabout C-avitamino- i~ wuN the sharp drop in the vi-co~ity of the nuclei dis-- -solved in IVUSC03, which amounted cc) aboat 101~ of nor- mal. Rilxlr incivard, and desoxyrilltme decirt.Llied in the ~-lrj. of the nuclei of the avitaminous gnimaK Rihs~ -1~n desoxyribonucleic, and hall been ucleic, in%tcad of . - I formed. ThLs al4o accounted for the ck-ince in vvicmity. (The niol. wt. f deoxyrihoriucleic mid is About IV$ timed 3- great as that ill rilonucleic, acid.) No such clianges Were ob.,erved in the starved avirz~. In expd. hyper- thyroidisra. the drLtrase in as.-orbic acid was uccmn-- panicd by a dccr=L%e in the v6cosity of Lim: liver nuclei of guinmL lligs. Oil feeding the cxptl. ar,imals 3-,Cu!rbic acid and thyroidin, the decrease in vbcosity d6appeared. If. Wir4dry -e,W- Determination of liou'a"*rbk acid in tissues of the iml. Mal organisrst. It. 1. GotAlistetti. 1). V. Vi-11--tizon, and S. A. Ktcho-rova Ift"W"t1*1 15. 41-4-19M1.,411; c(. C.-I~ ~I. 5195d. 1-*itrvli,-r ivi-Irsive 6 lo 111,~0011 Oil- vi'" 111.1f '111ini.11 11-11r, "'WAIIS '4"Ind %%1111 11110.14. aci-i' Although Fe cAit tv liliatril usider vrlam vomlilkmis ltv: the Asia. njust N! intich Kreater than the Ile found in ti%,ucs. When the assentshic arid i% fircit"I its th~ pre-.rnm of 44)"; ILPO.. in.,te-A.1 of the Fr is not tiwkiel hv the Fr-.sW'xlM- ~iri,l i-Irtal. fly triltivitiric its i nportAr W I a ti*itic with I I tol di,tA. w-mt-r. an,l it. I list. in I ird 4o'; 11,14h. The 111-11CCIal il q11.111titatiVelY srminf"relf to ;% ~idc- test tube, the njoctar 1z WA41tell with I ml, 3% "Iff-ficylic arid, aml 0.01! jr. /n dust is The tul- %, w.irnscd file ;V) nalij. at A2 11'. The conlenit Are fifirrelf. wA41i'l twkv %with I tul. 'UU04.1livylic Avid. Awl titrAt-d .ith The ~intc lwoe"lure, but %ithout the Zii dit-t. is u"1 for detg. free aworbic acid its the tis-me. The differrtice reprelienti the Fe-agcorbic al-id. An itscrra~- of t-th (r" ancl Fe-sombic acids was f-and in the ti-tic, of xisioc-.. pio, (ILit hill been fell daily L5 MIZ. Cr "t. J-W~WlOie .1011 [Of 3:1-45 41AVS. It Jul her" 'ho.(; J.JAr4vgrAphi,,.%llv thAt 4~,tllslvic a6d is tsl~atelt whrtt nucleic acid is irrati4l with Zit dust in the prrwglcr of Ill'i Ws. The pirwnce of ascfxl)ic acid (in the nui-Iric acid from imb- bit liver) *as confirtned fly the Notation Of the 2,4-dinilru- phenvillvdimZone. It. Priestley TOLKX, Jiri; VOMOVA, Vera - Polarographic, behavior of alkaloids* Cook* farm, 3 no*8:289-292 Oct 54. 1. Z Polarografickoho ustavu Co. akademie ved, Praha (AIKAL0333S. determination polarograpby) (POLAROGRAPHT alkalolds) VOIKE, Jiri; VOLKOVA, Vera Polarographic determination of If-aU-yl-norm orphi nit. Ce3-k. f,nrm. 4 no.1:20-21 Jan 55. 1. Z Polarografic)mho ustavu CSAV. Praha. (MORPHM. deratives. R-allyl-normorphine, polarographic determ.) (POLAROGRAPHY, of 11-4171-no--morphine) ~W- -- - -I BUNIMKO, A.; TOLIM&N. 0- On the steamboat nChakhov." NTO no.11:29 N '59. (KLRA 13:4) (Steamboats) I ll~ 40 le) C-5 2~~ e1 C~~7 43L Vamum pre"es for One cc Z.. 21123. 19sm. dlOkultka of do-aidus 1 2 :tt--Pd,.-c!.E M. I KEIL9 G,; VOLXSRq H.J, (Kr=pa); ECK&RDT, H. (Freiberg) Pour point depressants in transformer oils. Rop3. a ukilile 6 no.10t 291-296 0 164. - - - v'1~` I VOLKER, 0. - Houage to Doctor F.K.Studnicka. Lek.listY 5 no.22:671-672 15 Nov 50, (GIML 20:5) VOLKERT, principles of i-,estry sarvey reportiog in RW;-elAu4 4-211).-A rev 61, a (Z. PflErndhr. D fall and retention of 50ii moisture re s imp,ortance of rain 2. -S"/0 80/60/0 3310100 9/1- 17/0 21 A0O3/AOOl AUTHORS: Zolotavin, V.L., Vol'khim, V V. TITLE: On the Effect of the Cooling Rate on the Properties of Rydrated Metal Oxides During Their Freezing PER!-ObICAL: Zhurnal prikladnoy khimii, 1960, Vol. 33, No. 9, pp. 2141-2143 Aeads to the formation of TEXT: The freezing of hydrated metal oxides coarsely-grained precipitates with small volume and.-good filtering properties (Refs. 1-4). It was shown earlier (Refs. 5-7) that the cooling rate in this process plays a role only at deep temperatures. The authors found, however, that this effect can be observed already at -150C if dissolved substances are present. The investigation of a coagulum of iron hydroxide showed that cooling In a liquid with intensive heat exchange yields a precipitate of larger volume than under conditions of less intensIve heat exchange. A coagulum of manganese V/ dioxide was studied in the presence of urea. -The solidification of the liquid in the coagulum reduces the-volume of the precipitate because the dehydration of the oxide particles is promoted and compressing forces arise. The best effect is obtained by cooling to a temperature below the eutectic point and vrith a Card 1/2 S/080/60/033/triVC 17 /0' 21 AOO _3/AO 0 1 On the Effect of the Cooling Rate on the Properties of Hydrated Metal Oxides During Their Freezing cooling rate as slow as possible. In the absence of dissolved substances the effect of the cooling rate is observed only at very low temperatures. There are 2 figures and 8 references: 3 Soviet, 2 German, 2 French, 2 English. SUBMITTED: February 15, 1960 Card ?~! 0 0 0 41 0 0 4 0 0 00 0 to 6 0 0 0 0 40 0 0 a -0-6--o -w-4vw-w 0 All 10 It U IS 14 4 JS 31 11 0 40 41 0 41 'A A n 0 -0 a j 110, . f. 4, A 6 t -1 6 -j I , a 4 r a I--$. ."t. f. -,.j 7~O 0 0o ....... --o o 0 0 -00 00 00 -41041; 00 a 00 00 a .00 go & .00 00.1 PufKY%g Pkd%a1W -bY&d&. &-U-NaLILIdn, Rum. 33,1147, Nov. 30, 11933. PhthaIMFunhydride, is heated to ow a 180-280o fiv 3-4 bru., a tuixt. cd NsCf. or CaCh with Fes- (h of ""Ics of other metab, v, j., PhO, Otto, is then added. and the trmp. maintained at 2OG-801 for 3-4 bri. j The mitt. is distd. in twva or is blown with air to wp. the =00 plithatk- afflivcIrldr. gee o0 00 .0 0 0 z 00 arm M-' J: u0s MITALLURGICAL LITCRATURI CLAWFIck"Oft ad 0 1 w 0 u Is A' -S! 9 0 na T N 0 A777' !Y06 " , ,1" 0 0 0 0 J o 0 0 o o 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4F 41 0 48 4D 0 0 a 1O::::::1g*0*o*o0*:ofo**: 04090046904140000941006000 a c a v G 0 JK L 0 PC R I a n id x x v x ir a a 413 a ST - 4 p 139A ;2'OL1"t- Co I al o l . I I A .L I -!~Vl I . 10011TNAISSY" Isfilvaull 1VDI"n)1Tn. v I t - I, I wit t 00 INS* kee WW- 0 0 qmq. 1".P. V 00 Pl Puk'PtIti (if j"qw, ,pug-Wjjm,sd aindua liv put, ps t-"" u ' 2100 * y ass avwuuaqcucjq3Apd !p^n a q --3 l )4,1 Im 'I vi-firl Ao .1jej-011 *q 'UCqP-) Utflaf-Wad YO &101 PU-) III JUJIA" 00 I" -4JL '1"t-1- -1 svq f4,l'tW jKm LWCW. I (VII: 19 * V %7) Wtq& IM d P- ojoqjq vN --Vql Jo 'Utaid I l U "X MMN H v 02 PIM sm-sy ay m p go.: 00- so-; jd~ roe I go oo-' -W u aff 30 a w--T--l Is pcmi'4-1i. id-~w It VA' It T I I r 00 , .9 q w 44 111 It ".11111111411 9 v 0 1 r 1 00 Is o fl o 0000 so****** 0 0 0 L 23571-66 L~IT(ii)/EWP(c)/T/EWP(Y)/EWP(k)/EWP(h)/EilIP(l) Ad-C NR: -AP6-002600 6A) SOUICE CODE: UR/00286/65/(X)0/023/0095/0095 AUTHORS: Selishchev, Ye. M. Pashteyn-Sitnikov, U. V.-. Volkern k V. V 43 ORG: none i e Class; 81, No. 176825 Distributive conveyer for automated I n s. TITLE: L/announced by Sp~~cial Construction and Technological Bureau for Design of Metal- siallnoye konstruktors c Cutting Too"s and EquipiW(in-E (Spot byaro proyektirovaniya met-a-Ilorezhushchego instrumenta ioborudovaniya)7 SOUGE; Byulleten' izobreteniy i tovarnykh znakov, no. '23, 1965., 95 TOPIC TAGS: conveying equipment, automation equipment ABSTRACT: This Author Certificate presents a distributive conveye:r for automated lines. Endless closed chains are mounted in the*frame of the conveyer and are engaged with drive and tension sprocket wheels. To simplify the design and to increase the operation reliability with various technological handling processes, r edge (see Fig. 1). A one.of the chains carries pin-shaped push-rods on its oute chute with distributive ports for-outlet branches is mounted under the push-rods in the frame of the conveyere The ports are closed by double-armed spring-loaded Card 1/3 621,86 -15 .A L 23.571-66 ACC NR: AP60026oo B! All Al Pla b: A-A (MM F ig. lo 1 distributIve conveyer; 2 end-,- less closed chains; 3 - drive sprocket wixA,- tension sprocket wheel; 5 - pin-shaped push-rods; 6 - chute; 7 - partts; 8 - out- let branches; 9 - double-armed spring-loaded interceptors- 10 - doub -armed spring- loaded lever; 3-1 lever; 12 - axle; 1j - pawl) &- roller; Card 2/3 15 - axle. L 235 -el-66 ACC NR: AP6002600 interceptors which are linked through a system of spring-loaded levers to pawl axles fastened to the frarie. During operation of the conveyer the pawls interact with rollers placed on axj%es mounted between the chains in front of the corre- z;ponding push-rods* Orig.. art. bast 1 diagram* SJB CODE: 13/ SUBM DAM 06Apr64 ~a rd 3/3 VOLIKHIN, B.A. Deter-mining the maxinnm width of chambers in northern Ural Itauxite mines. Trudy-Inst. gor. dela UFMI SSSR no.5.-41.-47 163. (HIRA 16:9) (Ural Mountain region-Mining engineering) VOLIKHIN, B.A.; PANTELEYEV, M.G. Occurrence of rock pressure in experiment&l usse of a system with a flexible metal ceiling in northern Ural bauxite mines. Trudy Inst. gor. dela. UFAN SSSR no.5sl3-20 163. (MIRA 16:9) . (Ural Mountain region-Rock pressure) (Mine timbering) TOLIKHIN B.A. gorn,7y iU211. Investigating rock faulting in Northern Ural bauxite mines. Gor. zhur. no.10:69-72 0 160. (HILRAL 13:9) 1. Unipromed', Sverdlovsk. (Ural Mountain*--Bauxite) (Yaults (Geology)) TURINTSEV., Yu.I., kand. toklin. nauk; jQL',KIIIII, B.A.,, goriWy- inzh.; KRUSEATIN, R.T.I. gornyy in!6h.; TUH11ITSEVA, V.G., gorwfy inzh. 4 Displacerner~t of rocks and of the ~;round surface durim.-mi-nLng, operations at great depths of the Nortliern Karabash Deposit. 'k Gar zhur. no.7:54,57 Jl 164. 'KIRA 17: 10) 1. Urallskiy naucluio.-it3.,,Iodov,-ttoll.,jUy i proyoktn~-f instit-at mednoy prorwfshlennosti, Sverdlovsk. gornyy inzl). A. Featums of rock rn-jaaure tll-?~214slzl;~ Gor.zhur., no.4,t35-37 Ap ;62. 1. Urallskiy rum-ahnc-issledovatel3skiy i proyektAy-f institut mednoy promyshlelulosti. (Ural Mcqmtainn---Bauxite) (Rock preasure) VOLIKHIN. B.A.: PANTELEYST, M.G. Manifestation of rock pressure in testing the system of' mining ~ -Able shield of metal strip at the northern Urals bauxite mine Vop. gor. davl. no.18:63-69 163. i.KIRA 18:7) 1. Urallskiy nauchno-issledovatellskiy i proyektnyy institut m-3dnoy promyshlennosti. VOLIKHIN, Bt,,~!,t gorny-y inzh.; RODCHENKO, Yu.N., gornyy Inth. Characteristics of the roof structure at th- Northern Ural 13auxite Mine and its stability in conditions of exposure. Gor. zhur. no.11%27-30 N 164. (MIRA 18t2) 1. Ural'skiy neLuchno-iseledovateltakiy i proyektniry institut mednoy promyshlennosti, Sverdlovsk (for Vollkhin). 2. Severourall- skaya, kommleksnaya geologorazvedochnaya ekspeditslya (for Rodchenko). VOLIMIN, B.A.; MOKHOV, A.I.,- SUKHORUKOV, V.G. New device for meaBuring the di-aplacement of roc!:B in mi-me vorkimegs. Gor. zhur. no.6s7l-72 Js f64. (IMU 17; LI) 1. Urallskiy nauchno-issledovatellskiy i proyektziyy institut mednoy promyshlennosti',- Sverdlovsk. 14W AUVHOiS - Vol"Kh1n, V., Engineer, Z~:,-',otavin, V... Doctor of Technical Sciences TIYA,E- Refrigeration Air Thermostat PERIODICAL: Kholodii'naya teki=fka, !959, Nr pp 1--4-55 (USSR) ABSTRAOT: The article describes -the dssl~~r, ancl functi.Dring of a refrigeration air thermostat capable of keeping a steady temperature of -200C maintained by a toluene thermoregulat.:!r work:Lng with an accuracy of! 0.10C. The appa- ratus consists of a ribbed serpent-4ne evaporator contained in an fnsu- lated box; it is equipped with a fan drfven by an outside motor; guide plates fixed to the ribs the evaporator distribute the air evenly. For the construCticri of the thermostat Preon ccmpresso::, BR-RKF-O,g is made use of. The tZhermostat is intended for use ir. laboratories, t::. inveBtigate' chemical proc~esses, for which it is important to maintain constant t9-m- perature over a certain period of time. The thermostat is a1sc s~altabie for purification of water. There are 2 diagrams and 1 reference. Card 1/1 S/080/63/030'/001/021/026 D20h/D307 AUTHORS: Volkhin,._Y.V., Koblova, A.A. and Ponomarev, Ye. I. TITLE: Pr-cipitation of rhodlum hydroxide from very dilute solutions by freezing PERIODICAL: Zhurnal prikladnoy khimii, v. 36, no. 1, 1963, 212 - 214 TEXT: The present work was aimed at the precipitation of Rh hydroxide from colloidal solutions (lo-4 -lo-5 moles Rh per 1), since after dissolving it in H2SO4 Of correct concentration a solution is obtained %vh'i.Qh is suitable for galvanic Rh plating. Rh sulfate solutions (0-1200 g1l) were diluted to the required concentration, the pH was adjusted to 7-9, and 20 ml samples ivere taken. One half was then frozen to -2 - -50C, whilst the other half was allowed to stand for 12 hrs. The frozen samples were thawed out and were left for 5-6 hrs. It was found that freezing led to 90-97 % preciritation (particularly or 1 x 10-4 _ 5 X lo-5 Card 112 s/(jc-,u/6 5/o 36/ool/oa 1/026 Precipitation of ... D20L/D307 moles Rh/1), i.e. 10-15 times greater than in solutions allowed to stand at room temperatures. The effect of freezing was lose; pronounced for Rh concentrations below 5 x 10-5 moles /10 but was practically unaffected by the presence of Na2S04 or K2SO4 (up to 0.1 moles/1). The resulting precipitate was relatively coarse and settled readily. The proceso is recommended for the removal of traces of Rh from spent electrolytes during regener-a- tion. There is 1 table. SUBMITTED: December 1, 10~61 Card 2/2 ZOWTAVIN, V.L.; 4QAL141~~, Y.Y. - BEZTUSBKIN, V.T- Effect of freezing on the properties of metallic hydroxide coagulates. Part 1: Zffect of freezing and thawing on the properties of iron hydroxide gal. Koll.zhar. 22 no.3:305--313 Yy-je 160. - (MIRk 13:7) 1. Ural'skiy politekhnicheskiy inatitut im. S.H.Xirova, Sverdlovsk. (Iron hydroxide) - - ---- --.. I -- - I - - -- !U -~-A I Mario. .... 0 ~L&~ ZOLOTAVIff, T.L.;-VOLOICHIM, T. V. ]Wfect of the rate of cooling on the properties of hydratexL metal oxides during their freezing. Zh=. priki. kAlm. 33 no.9:2141-2143 S 16CL (Notanic oxides-Thermal properties) 33186 s/i86/6l/OO3/oo6/OC5/OlO E051/E135 AUTHORS: Vollkhin, V.V., and Zolotavin, V.L. -4Z TITLE: The use of freezing for the separation of radioactive isotopes from solution PERIODICAL: Radlokhlmlya, v.3, no.6, 1961, 719-723 TEXT: In order to obtain radioactive isotope preparations with a high specific activity, it is necessary to use as little isotopic carrier as possible in the separation. When certain elements are precipitated from solution as hydroxides in the presence of only small amounts of carrier, colloidal solutJLons are formed and only low yields of precipitate can be recovered, even with centrifuging. If the colloidal solutions are frozen and after a time thawed, coagulation of the colloidal particles takes place and much higher yields of precipitated hydroxide can be obtained. To test the effect of freezing on radlocolloldal hydroxides, solution of chromium nitrate (lo-5 and 10-6 M), ferric chloride (lo-5 m) and nioblum and zirconium sulphate (1o-5, 10-6 and 10-11 M), containing respectively Card 1/3 33186 The use of freezing for the ... s/186/61/003/oo6/005/4310 E051/E135 5lCr' 59 Fel 95Nb and 95Zr at a specific activity of "-'10 curies/f were made up. The solutions were slowly cooled to -1, -5 or -10 OC, after being brought to pH 6.5-7.0 with alkali. The solutions were kept at these temperatures for eight hours, then allowed to thaw nxid stand at roont temperattire for another twelve hours. Similar solutions were allowed to stand at room temperature for the whole twenty hours to act as comparisons. I m-F aliquots of the supernatent liquid from each trial were evaporated to dryness under infrared lamps and thej-r radloacti-v�ty compared with standard sources prepared from the original solutions, The activity remaInIng in solution amounted to 2.7%' of the total added at 10-5 M concentrations of all four elements for solutions cooled to -5 OC. At 10-6 M, 15-35~',) of the acti-vity remained in solution and at 10-11 M, 30-45%. Solutions frozen to -1 and -10 OC gave slightly worse results, but in solutions which had been kept at room temperature some 60% of the activity remained unprecipitated. The yield of precipitate.was thus improved 10-20-fold at lo-5 M, 3-5-fold at 10-6 M and 2-2,')-fold at 10-11 M concentration. Moderate concentrations (0.1 M) of Card 2/3 33186 The use of freezing for the s/186/6l/oo3/oo6/oo5/olo E051/E135 neutral salts had only a slight effect on the yield of precipitate. Still higher yields of precipitated hydroxides could be obtained by centrifuging the solutions after they had been subjected to the freezing process. I.Ye. Starik, V.M. Vdovenko, L.N. Lazarev and Ya.S. Khvorostin are mentioned in the article. There are 4 tables and 10 referencesz 8 Sov�et.-bloc and 2 non-Soviet-bloc. SUBMITTED: may 24, ig6o Card 3/3 NON VOLIKHIN, V.V.;- ZOLOTAVIN, V.L.; TIFTKDIT, S.A. Effect of freezing on the properties of metal hydroxide coagulates. Part 4: Mapganese dioxide coagulate (with summary in English]. Koll.zhur. 23 no-4:404-407 Jl-Ag ,61-. (IaRA 1-4:8) 1. Drallakty politekhnicheskiy institut im. S.M. Kirova,. Sverdlovsk. (Manganese oxide) (Particle size determ:Laation) 24:002 D247/D305 AUTHORS: Vollkhim, V.V., and Zolotavin, V.L. TITLE: The effect of freezing on the sorption properties of ferric hydroxide and manganese dioxide PERIODICAL: Zhurnal prikladnoy khimii, v. 34, no. 6, J.9061, 1218 - 1225 TEXT: Use of ~:oagulated metal hydroxides in separating radioactive isotopes has produced many difficulties which are aitributed to the form in which such oompounds are obtained. They are bulky, ge- latinous, contain up to 99 % moisture and are difficult to filter. Before recommending freezing as a method for easier separation of such hydroxides, it was necessary to investigate the effect of freezing on ihe degree of separation of 45Ca, 89 Sr, 35 Zr' 95_N6 and 144Ce isotopes from so1utions by sorption with ferric hydroxi- de and dioxide. Freezing of coagulated ferric hydroxide Card 1/4 The effect of freez,-ng ... S/080/2~ffg -4 4/00 6/004/0 2 13 D247/D7c:~~ obtained after purilk"ication of the radioactive effluent was first carried out b S.A. Voznesenskly, G.A. Sereda, P.P. Dolgrikh and L.I. Baskov (Kef. 13: Doklady sovetskikh ucheny~-h na vtoroy mezh- dunarodnoy konferentsil po mirnomu ispolizovaniyu atomnoy energii (Russian Contributions at the Second International Conference on the Peaceful Uses of Atomic Energy), 4, 189-194, M. 1959). The ex- periments consisted of ascertaining the effects of freezing on the distribution of the radioactive isotopes between -Qhe solvent and the coagulated solids and determining the sorption capa~2ity of the Uwo compounds. A series of tests was carried ou-t to determine the sorption of radioactive isotopes by Fe (OH)3 and 1,1n02 in alkaline and acid solutions, both before and after freezing. The resulting pH - sorption curves were found to coincide which showed that freez- ing did not cause desorption of cations. The solutions used in these experiments all conta-Lned coagulating age,-,its and the sorbents were in a fully coagulated form. Behavior of co. iloidal solutions was also studied using microquantities of 89Sr. It was shown that in both alkaline and acid media freezing tends to suppress pepti- Card 2/4 I I I 2hC02 8/080 1r6 1. 34 'r-061'DG410-2~~ The effect of freezIng ... D247,,/D30, zation, the strongest effect occurring at pH exceeding 6 - 7. Fur-Lher experlmen-ts involved investiLgations of the so-called "addi- tional sorption" of isotopes during freezing, wi-Ach took place -n both acid and alkaline sol-L;tions. This occurred as a res,,.ilt of concentration of 'he sorbent and isotopes among the ice crystals of the frozen otit so'Lvent. Since -,-lie particles of Fek'Olfl-~ and IvIn.02 conglomerate on freezing, s-mall amounts of radioacti%7e I~otopes viere trapped within and remained occluded after thavii~.ig. The ease with whIch auch oarticles coula be liberated jUSt by .--tirring in- dicated the absen~:e of any me,-hani.~al forces. The s*.ubillty of sorption proper-.ies of Fe(OH)3 Ln-' 1,-!11C2 subjec-ted r~o fLi-eezing has also been confirmed by cornparint;, -.hem before and after freezing. For "his purpose isoll-herms of sorptioi:i on 5e(.CjH)7, and -V-n02 at 22 � 10C vere plctted. I-,,- Is ciear from the result-s that the maxImum sorotion -capacJlty o-f Fe( .OH)3 and Kn02 is Ylimerically equal to the cotanLen-, ot -t .~e angie between -,,he pic---.ved Line and the abscissa and is -~he same for treated and untreaiea sorbents. it may be said, there-fore, that The ~he'mical nature of -the sorbticn Card 31/4 The effec;-, of free-zing S/ 0 6 C) 4- -S 0 4- 2 0 D24 7/ 1), 0.) cen-,ers of Fe(Ofl)-A and ':r,!"12 reiriia'.,n3 constant when sub-l(-~--d to freezing a-. temperaLTures n-~ belovi -,1--V~C. T~jere are 6 fig%lres, 1 table and 1-4 references.- ',,' Soviet-bloc and 7 --bloc. The references t-o tbe Et-Igi-_.sh-language pubiications r~,._-,d fol'L owo: J.D. Kurbazov, j.L, Kulp, E, J,,Iack, ~, IU-a. C,IeM~ 1923, 1945~~ Kur1ja r-6. 6,:~!--,, 1952; R.N. zov. G.B_ Wood. Jr, Phys, Chem. Ghost,, S.N. Cliakr-a-var-y, 1,1.1j. Kundi, j- indian Chem. Sjo., 28, 6, 319--3:22. 1-95-1. SUBMITTED: Septembe-r i4, Card 4/4 s/186/62/004/002/0043/010 I/ Z5- 0 0 E075/E136 AUTHORS: Vollkhin, V.V., Shtollts, A.K., and Dosik, E.M. TITLE. Treatment of liquid laboratory wastes containing some radioactive isotopes PERIODICAL: Radiokhlmlya, v.4, no.2, 1962, 220-226 TEXT: The object of the work was to investigate the factors that could decrease the volume of calcium phosphate used for coprecipitation of radioactive isotopes during its freezing, and to discover the most favourable conditions for this process. It was also aimed to apply the phosphate coagulation treatment simultaneously with the freezing of the obtained coagulate, for the purification of radioactive wastes. It was found that the main factor influencing the freezing effect is the compa,sition of the liquid coagulant. The higher the concentratign of electrolyte in solution, the less the changes in volume of the precipitate on solidification and melting. The maximuirt decrease in the volume of precipitate (about 20-fold) during the freezing is observed in the absence of electrolytes. it was shown that Card 1/2 Treatment of liquid laboratory s/.186/62/004/002/oO/olo E075/EI36 the freezing can be applied successfully to decrease the volume of the wastes, obtained after phosphate purification of radioactive laboratory effluents. The isotopes 45 65 89 90 90 91 144 Ca, Zn, Sr' Sr, Y, Y and Ce sorbed by calcium phosphates are not desorbed during the freezing. on dehydration of the solidified and molten precipitate an additional decrease of its volume was observed, which was not less than 30%- The total decrease �n the precipitate volume obtained after phosphate coagulation of the liquid wastes with a low salt content was more than tenfold. There are 2 figures and I table. SUBMITTED: November 15, 1960 Card 2/2 - " - - VOLIKHIN, V.V.; KOBLOVA, A.A.; FONOMAREV, Ye.l. Deposition of rhodium IVdroxide from highly diluted soluUons, by freezing them. Zhur.prikl.khim. 36 no.1:212-214 Ja '163. ., (MIRA 16:5) (Rhodium oxide) L 22243-66 EwT(m)/T ACCESSION NR: AP6005421 SOURCE CODE: UR/0289/155/000/00'3/0057/0063 AUTHOR: Ponomarev, Ye. I.; L11y,ovich B. I.:; Kolesova S. A. ORG: Perm Polytechnic Institute (Permskiy politekhnicheskiy institut) TITLE: The use of freezing for the coagulation of weak colloidal solutions and the granulation of inorga~lc sorbents SOURCE: AN SSSR. Sibirskoye otdeleniye. Tzvestiya. SerLya lchimichesficLkh nauk, no. 3, 1965, 57-63 TOPIC TAGS: inorganic chemistry, sorption, absorption coefficient, solution property, freezing, chemical precipitation ABSTRAM, The authors investigated the possibility of the ui3e of freezing during the precipitation of elements without a collector from weak isolutions, as well as the effect of freezing on the density, filtering capacity, and the sorption prop- erties of coagulants of inorganic substances. Some results of earlier work are presented together with new experimental data in order to provide an overall con- cept as to the possibilities of the freezing method. The procedure is described in detail. It is shown that by means of freezing and thawing it is possible to Card 1/2 UDC: 541.18.047 L 22243-66 ACCESSION NR: AP6005421 separate metal ions as hydroxides from solutions with concentrations (if precipi- tant up to 10-5 g*ion/liter, and to reduce their content in the solution to a considerable degree at concentrations up to 10-6 g-ion/liter,. The freezing of the solutions also promotes a more complete separation of chemical compounds with appreciable solubility. The dehydration and the densification of inorganic pre- cipitants by freezing does not lead to the desorption of radioactive isotopes previously absorbed by the inorganic precipitants from the solution. The sorption isotherms (for the initial coagulants) of frozen and thawed precipitants are identical and indicate that the values of the maximum sorption capacity of a sub- stance are equal before and after freezing. The freezing and subsequent thawing make it possible to obtain coagulants of inorganic substances in granular form without substantially reducing their dynamic sorption capacity. The precipitates produced may be recommended for use as sorbents in column chromatography. Orig. art. has: 2 figures and 4 tables. SUB CODE% 07 SUM DATE6. none ORIG REF: 019 /~OTR REF.-. 009 Card 2/2 n6t ---- -- -1- -.2-~P"Z- %Mm lem zmo~ VOLIKIIIN, V.V.; PONOMAMV, Yo.l. Effect of freezing Gn the properties of Metal hydro-f~de coagulat,--!~- Report No.5: Mlechanism of the process. Koll. zhur. ~7 no.l:]-/,-18 Ja-F 165. (MILRA 18:3) 1. Permskly politekhn--cheskiy institut. VOVKHRI, V.V.; KUBAREEVA, A.G. ------- -.1 - - -~ - ~----- -- FXfect of freezing on the properties of hydrated sulfidle Pre- alpitateso lzv. v,7s* uchebo zav.,, khim i khJ-m. takh. 7 no.55,, 725-730 16,4 (MIRA 18?1) 1. Kafedra obshc,hey I neorganicheskoy khImii Permakogo poll- tekhnicheskogo !instituta. WIDTAVIN, V.L.; VOLPKHIII, V.V. I Effect of freezing on certain properties of a manganese diocide coagulate. Trudy Ural-.politekh.instmopl2la24-29 1162. (MMA 16 ; 5) (Vmganese oxides) (Frost) (coagulation) ACC NRt A0001332 SOURCE CODES UR/0063/66/011/006/0665/0672 Aurioa: xudryavtsev, G. I. (Candidate oVchemical sciences); 'Vo1khjjutj_A..V.Sqd.Ch. ORG: none TITIZI. The=.ostable fibers SOURCE: Vsesoyuzrioye khimicheskoys obshcheaMe Zhurnal v-P 11, no* 1966, 665-672 TOPIC TAGS: thermal stability, natural fiber, synthetic fiberl, tensile strength ABSTRACTS In the beginning of the article, a general discussion it)-fdv6n of the concept of the thermal stability of fibers. Natural and, synthetic 'fibers available at the present time can be used in the temperature range below 150-170* C., Fibers which can withstand temperatures of 200-350*C (or higher) and which can preserve their mech 'Anical properties at such temperatures are needed for the development of -high speed aviation, rocket, and missile technology. In the article, the problem of preserving the mechanical prop- erties of fibers at elevated temperatures is viewed from the stand- point of Zhurkov's fluctuation theory of the strength of polymeric -materials. According to-th1s theory, the material ruptures along the chemical bonds of the main valencies of the macromolecule chains because of thermal fludtuations:.stre.sses and heating inteiasify this UDCs 677,1499+536.495' Card l/ 5 ACC NRz AP7001332 process. The known general exponential equation, which expresse~s the dependence of the longevity of the specimen on temperature and stress, can be simplified to linear form for the temperature depend- ence of tensile strength. This linearity was confirmed experimentally within the admissible deviation. Thus, the simplified linear equation can be used for practical evaluation of the tensile strength of fibers at various temperatures, provided the quantities UO and y, which express the activation energy required for rupture of chemical bonds and a structural factor, which reflects the packing and orientation of the molecules respectively, aro known. However, the Ruthors note that the data on U 0 and y values are not available in -the liter- ature. The concepts of heat resistance and thermal stability are dis- cussed in-the literature. Due to a certain vagueness, it is -necessary 4.o give here the definitions of both and to discuss the meaning of these concepts. . By heat resistance is understood the changes in tensile sltrcnath and elonaation of the fiber which. increase at elevated temperatures and which are reversible, f. e. , a drop in teimperatur.e results in a return to the values characteristic of that temperature. This property is *not necessarily connected with the- melting or soften- ing temperature of the fiber. Thus, an increase in the.softening Card 2/5 ACC NR& AP7001332 temperature of polyamidc'f ibers- caused by Introducing several aro- matic. or hydroaromatic rings into the macromolecule of the fiber- forminq polymer did not result in any significant increase in their heat resistance, according to some Soviet studies in this field (N. M. Bogdanov, V. D. Kalmykova, et al.). Heat resistance is characterized by the temperature dependence of the tensile strength, which, as noted above, is practically a linear function for the majority of known fibers. Thermal stability is the fiber's stability against all Icinds of chemically destructive agents at elevated temperatures. It is ex- pressed by a change in tensile strength after heating at*a given temperature for a given time; this change is given as a percent of the initial strength at normal temperature, i. e., mostly room temper- ature. It is noted in the article that heat resistance actually expresses the rate of thermal destruction and that the distinction between heat resistance and thermal stability is conventional, especially in view of the fact that the prese'rvation of mechanical properties by fibers is required not only immediately aftei6 placing them into a high tem- perature environment, but also for an extended service lffe. C,,d 3 ACC NR; AP7001332 Further in the article the basic principles of preparing thermo-- .stable fibers are discussed and some new processing typees are named. At the present time, the basic trend for preparing thermo- stable fibe'rs is the reprocessing of thermostable polymers which must satisfy the following requirements: 1) sufficiently high melting or softening temperatures; 2) heat resistance; 3) thermooxidative resistance (i. e., thermal stability); 4) high molecular weight, which implies a high mechanical strength; and 5) solubility or fu6ibility,to enable forming. The dependence of the thermal stability of polymers on their -chemical composition and structure has been reviewed by some foreign and Soviet authors. Included among the latter is M. M. Koton Whimicheskiye volokna, no. 3, 1966, 3-10). Therefore, no detailed discussion of this subject is given. Polyoxadizaoles and polypyromellitimides are mentioned as promising materials, although, as such, these polymers are insoluble and infusible. In this connec- tion, use of the first polycondensation stage of polyamid6s or polyby- drazides, which ar 'e either soluble or fusible, for forming polybenZi- mideazole, polybenzoxazole, polyoxadiazole or polypyrormellitimide fib.ars _Ls_MpnUqned. as a. promising. rpetho.d -now being. develo d. ..pe Card 4/5 ACC NRt AP7001332 T-he mater! 41s. inpntioned above are. described. orj~ tt~e_tbasis of 'Western sources. However, extensive research has been clone by Soviet scientists in the same fiele nf studying the polycondensation and final cyclization slages of these heat resistant and thermostable polymers (see FSB, v. 1, no. 3, 1965, 14-22; v. 1, no. 4, 1,1965, 46-47; v. 1, no. 10, 1965, 18-29; v. 2, no. 10, '1966, 12-20 and 50-53). Only one of these studies is given as a reference in the present arti- cle. Noted attention is given to a US product, namely Du Pont pro- duced heat resistant fiber NT-1, which is described as poly-m-phenyl- eneisophthalamide. The article contains a large table which contairw -dzfta mostly on known fiber materials, based on for.eign and Soviet 'sources... ori to hwi: 4 figuresq 2 tables and 3 formulas* g: J2 CFSB: v. 3. no SUB CODEs 11,20 / SUBM DATIlas 'none ORIG REFs 024/ OTH REF: 032 Card 5/5 VOLIKEINA, T.P.; FERMTS, V.B., kancl. taklin. nauk Studying the offect of lighting on the eyesight of zvlling mill operators. Svatotekhnika 4 no. 8:11-14 Ag 058. (MBIA 11:7) 1. Sverdlovskiy institut okhrany trude Vaesoyuznogo teentral'nogo soveta profsovnzov. (Rolling mills) (optometry) VMR - - SAMM - VOLIXHINA V , inzhener; LEVENTALI, G.B., kandiadt teldinicheakildL nauk; -,- M V, L.A.., professor. Use of small and medium back-pross-ure turbines in industrial heating and power plants. Prom.energ. 11 no-5;1-8 My 156. (KWIA 9:9) (Steam turbines) VASIL'YEV. Viktor Grigorlyevich; VQLK40NI-N,_Yladimix-,Stepw=ich; GRISHIN, Grigorly Leontlyevich; IVANOV, Aadrey Khrisanfovich; MARINOV, Nikolay Aleksandrovich; MOKSHAUTSEY, Kc,nstantin TJorisG- vich; !�HIPTJLIIT, T.K., doktor ge ologo-minra log. nauk. red.; BUMM, Yu.K.. vedushchiy red.;_FOLOSIMA, A.S., takhn.red.. [-Geological structure of the Mongolian People's Republic; stratigraphic and tectonic] Geologicheskoe stroanie Mongollskoi Narodnoi Respubliki; stratigrafiia i tektonika. Pod red. FA. Shipulina. Leningrad, Gos.nauchno-tekhn.Izd-vo neft. i gorno- toplivuoi lit-ry. 1959. 493 p.-- (MIItA 12Q) (Mongolia-Geology) .VOLKH014ji%l, V j -,,c southern 30'.'Iet G-r,,ara c of 3 c 7 Far East ~',--cn t"In. i razved. 3 no-91:3~-9 S (mlia 13;1~) i 1. Vseso7uzn~-,r inotit t geofizichos'dith n, etodoV razvedlcl. (Sov-i,-,-t 2-o. -.,at;t--GooloL-,Y, StvuctUral) VOLIMONIN V S - LISHNEVSKIY, E.N.; TARKOV., A.P.; SUDAKCfV, S.F. Lower Cretaceous sediments in the southern Zeya-Bureya downwarp in connection with oil and gas potentials. Geol.i geofIz. no.5:9-18 t61. (MIRA 14:6) I*VBOBOYuznYY nauchno-isaledovateltakiy institut, geofiz:Lcheakikh metodov razvedkii 14oskvae - L (Zeya-Bureya Plain-Petroleum geology) (Zeya-Bureya Plain-Gas'. Natural-Geology) - - --- M~ - - VOLKHONIN, V.S.; LISHNEVSKIY, E.N.; STEPANOV, P.P. Subsurface structure of the Zeya-Bureya Deprestaion according to geological and geophysical data. Izv. vys. ucheb. zav.; geol. I razv. 7 no.7.,27-34 J1 164 (MIRA 18:2) 1. Vsesoyuznyy nauchno-iseledovatellskiy institut geofizicheskikh metodov raz-vedki. VOLKHONSKAYA, R. A.; YELNENKO, 0. K.; 07FROV, 1. M. Using shale ash in the production of pipes. 71'rudir '171111T ro. 12 -. 199-210 162. (,14!RA IT; 5) VOLKHONS _A.4L.; VEIMT KAYA IKO, O.K.; IVAITOVA, SX.; MOTIN, Yu.D.; OZEROV, UMI.; PAR.01K , D.A.; FOLOZOV, V.F.; 30LONrUSHY,-OVA, G.E.; SUVOROVA, G.F.Y red.; IMTSELI, I.., red.izd-va; BELOGUROVA, I.A., tekhr,. red. [Building materials mado of waste products from oil shale vinning and processing] StroitelInye materialy iz otkhodo-v dobychi i pererabotki goriuch-ilkh slantsev. Leningrad, 1963. 35 P. (Leningradskii dom. nauchno-tekhnicheskoi pro- pagandy. Obmen peredovym opytom. Seriia: S:troit.ellnye ma- terialy i konstruktsii, no.4) (MIPA 16:11) (Oil shales) (Eluilding materials) UZ9,14 - MINAYEVA, V.G.,- VOLKHO.N-SKAYA, T.A. Flaranoids of the thoroughwax Rupl.eur= multinerve D. Ov Dokl. AN SSSR 154 no.42-956-959 F 164. (WRA 17:3) 1. TSentraltnyy sibiraldy 'botanicbeskiy sad Sitrirrkogo otdoleniya AN SSSR, Predstavlano akademikom A.I. Oparinym. KINAYEVA, V.G.;19L~HORMYAj, T.A.; VALUTSKAYAP A.G. Comparative study, of the flavonold composition of -3-4ber-lan species of Bupleuxum L. Rast. res. 1 no.2.-233-235 165. (MIRA 18.11) 1. TSentralinyy sibixskiy botanicheakly sad Sibirskogo ot,delenlra AN SSSR. VOLMONSKAYA, T.A.; MINAYEVA, V.G. Study of the flavonoids cf garden sorrel. BiLl. Glav, bot, sada no.56:57-59 164. OvCFU 18: 5) 1. TSentrallnyy sibirskiy botanicheskiy sad SibirskGgo o,tdeleniya AN SSSR, Novosibirsk. VOLKONSK,e-YA, T.G. ~ ---.- - -- -. -.. . -1 jc - , -IprS ,r~. * ric 3ccr. ra 0. . (;_,t.l-cUatton of impersonic a:,cisY,"nmEs- (MIRL 17:7 .) MGU P-76-83 10'3. VOLKHONSKIj,__,&,j. (14ozhayek) WMPW__ -~ Solution of trigonometric equations which follow the simple ones. Mate v shkole no.1:20-25 JA-I? '55. Wak '8:2) (Trigonometry--Study and teaching) ~I I " % I - - - -- I .ZI=MR-~ --. V... v SKIY,A.I. (Mozhaysk) Analysis of problems in stereometry. Hat. v shkole no.4:23-25 JI-Ag '55. (MLRA 8:9) (Geometry. Solid--Problems, exercises, etc.) VOLKHOUSKIYO1.1. (Mozhriyak) The use of models for drawing combinations of piol~yhedra and spherical bodies. Hat. v shkolo no.4:56-63 JI-Ag 156. (MIMA 9:9) (Geometrical drawing) VGLKIIOI.,SKIY, A.I. (Mozliaysk) use of sequences C., --ieht trianglas in zvlvi--1T gt!o.:-~aIric probl,--mo. 0 Mat. v slikole no.4:43-54 Jl-Ag 163. 10, - 9) (Gooriatry-Study and teaching) C, LKHOIISKIY. I.H.. kandidat sellskokhozyaystvennykh navk. . - Sweet clover in Ieningrad Province. Zemeledelie 5 no.4.-1,6-77 Ap '57. (M:BA 10,.6) (Ioningrad Province--Sweet clover) KOLKER, I.I., doktor biologicheakikh nauk; VOMONSKIY, S.I.. kaneAdat meditainskikb nauk. Penetration of the eye by antibiotics administered with electro-phoresis. Vest. oft. 32 no-5:32-36 5-0 '53- (MLHA 6:10) 1. Ecaperimentallnyy otdal TSentrallnogo nauchno-itioledovatellskogo inatituta fisicheskikh metodov lecheniya im. I.M.Sechenova v Yalte. 2. Kabinet oftal- mologii TSentrallnogo nauchno-iseledovatellskogo instituta fizicheskikh meto- dov lecheniya Im. I.M.Secheva v Talte. (Cataphoresis) (Antibiotics) (Mare) Can Fe'd 3ci. USSR/Medicine - Antibiotics SeP/Clct 53 "The Penetration of Antibiotics Mainistered by an Electrophoretic Method Into the Eye," I. I. Kolker, Dr of Biol Sci, S. I. Volkhonskiy, Cand Med Sci, Exptl Div and Cabinet of Opthalmol, Central 'Sci- Res Inst of Phys Methods of Therapy in I. M. Sechenov, Yalta Vest Oftal, Vol 32, No 5, pp 32-36 This article describes exptl electrophoretic appli- cation of penicillin and streptomycin to the eyes of rabbits, A non-polarizing electrode is used in order to prevent a change in the pH of the drug 275T28 and to preclude the penetration of "parasitic" ions into the humors of the eye. The antibiotics penetrate into the anterior chamber and the vitreous humor of the eye and can be detected in the blood and the-urine. This method-is suggested for use in the treatment and diaglaosis of various eye ailments, among them: blepharitis and con- juntivitis. _EWT(d)jEW(1) IJP(c) ACC NR- AP60 30650 SO URCE CODE __ UR/-0-0 2-0./66169/006,11289/123 '~A AV'MORt Pyatetskiy-Shapiro, I. I.; Volkonskiy, V. A.; Levina, L; V.; Pomariski , A. ORG: Central Economics Mathematics Institute, Ac~!~eTy of Sciences SSSR (Tetentral'nyy ekonomiko-matematicheskiy institut Akademii nauk SSSR) ITITLE; An iterative method of solving problems of inte ral programminst SOURCE: AN SSSR. Koklady, v. 169, no. 6, 1966, 1289-1292 TOPIC TAGS: iteration, iterated integral, mathematic analysis, integral programming ABSTRACT: The iterative method proposed consists of the following: where it is re- quired to maximize the linear functional n CjXj (1) under condition bo, ~j-ajjrj < bl,i M, (3) 0'~ I U 0 is solved by the iterative inethod. the initial selection x is arbitrary. It is assumed the k-th step produces the set xj(k) (j - 1,...,n)j. The following equation system is computed Ax < b, (4) Using random selection, the components of vector x ik with identical probability are changed, p--min (c, max aI ). It is assumed that c = 1/2. Thus, a new set x (k+l) Q - 1,...,n) is produced, and the subsequent iteration is performed. When all A :.i disappear, the solution is found. Then, increasing b 0, solution is performed for a new system.which is closer to the solution of the initial problem. The process is completed when the system of inequalfties ceases to be solved after a fixed number of iterations. The paper was presented by Academician L. V. Kantorovich, Sep 7 1965. The authors express their gratitude to A. D. Shapiro for participating in composition of the examples and discussions of the results. Orig art. has: 1 table and 4 formulas. SUB CODE: 12/ SUBM DATE: 16Nov65/ ORIG REP: 004/ OTH REP: 001 ard 2/2 jb L 07335-67 j-j:JT Ll ACC NR, AP6012112 SOURCE CODEt UR/041 AWHORS: KaPl~~cfft A- I.; Vekpler B Ye.; Volkhonakiy, V. M.; Rezennikov1--V--SA1 Shemah -n, ORG: none TITLE: Thermostabilized generator for a seismic-c.o.re probe. Class 21, No. 180221 SOURCE: Izobreteniya, promyshlennyye obraztsy, tovarnyye zaak-i, no. 7, 1966, 22 TOPIC TAGS: seismologic instrument, electronic oscillator ABSTRACT: This Author Certificate presents a thermostabilized generator for a seismic core probe. The tank circuit contains a ferrite trimmer and an induction coil placed on a ferrite core with a gap (see Fig. 1). Fig. 1. 1 induction coil; 4# 2 - core; 3 trimmer; 4 - gasket 2 To stabilize the generated frequency in a wide range of temperatures, the core gap has a height of 0.08 to 0.2 'times the height of the vore. A norunaGnetio ring gasket ie placed botwoen the outer vallo of the core cups. Orig. art. haot I diagrame f L 40994-66 EWT(M)/EWP(t)./'?,TI IJP(c)- JD/JH NRs ODEt AUTHORSs Lovtsov, D. P. Volkhontsev, 1. B. TITLE: The speed of gas absorption] by aluminum and its alloys 2,7 SOURCE: Ref. zh. Tekhnologiya mash:Lnostroyeniy~a, Abs. 11G134 REF SOURCE% Sb. L-Itlye I obrabotka splavov chern. i tavet. net. Krasru)yarsk, 1965, 55-66 TOPIC TAGS: gas diffusion, metal property, aluminum containJLng alloy ABSTRACT: This is an analysis of the method used and the results of an Investigat do-glin with the possibility of gas saturation of the aluminum-baBed A]Lloys under common atmospheric conditions and under conditions of increaned humidity over the surface of thealloY. 3 tables.. bibliography of 3 titles,, jqranslation of abstra. SUB CODE: 11 /