SCIENTIFIC ABSTRACT SKAKALSKAYA, A.P. - SKAKUN, G.F.

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: Scientific Abstracts
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP86-00513R001550930005-3
• Release Decision: RIF
• Original Classification: S
• Document Page Count: 100
• Document Creation Date: November 2, 2016
• Document Release Date: August 24, 2000
• Sequence Number: 5
• Publication Date: December 31, 1967
• Content Type: SCIENTIFIC ABSTRACT

YES'KINA' L.H.; SKAKAL'SKAYA, A.P. _._
Metric invariants of surfaces in quasi-elliptic spaces. Dokl.
AN Azerb.SSR 18 no-1.7-10 162. (MIRA 15:3)
1. Kolomenskiy pedagogicheakiy institut. Predstavleno akademikom
AN AzSSR Z.I.Rhal!Llovym.
(Spaces, Generalized) (Surfaces)

LUSTGARTEN, Ye. I.; LI, V. p.; pASHKOV, A. B.; SKI,KALISKAYA, N. B.;
DAVYDOVA, T. I.; 7P,!J'KOV, M. A.
Synthesis and analysis of copolymers with a macroporous
structure. Plast. massy no. 5:7-10 t64. (MIRA 17-5)

L 33248-65
ACCESSION Ifft "4035098
those syntheiRized*in-the-aliphatic solvents---formed- 8:~of__Iowe
Aull granule r-blu-cle
sity, charaetpristic of macroporous products. Thus t,) obtain macroporous ttructure-~
the solvent should.mix with the initial monomer, should not cause chain transfer
termination,,and not promote a swelling of the copolyner. The effect of the mount...
of solvent and of the extent of cross-linkage (DVB content) on the type of porosity,:-,-
was also examined. It was found that the macro- and average-size pores absorb qrcjo-
hexane, while all types of pores absorb toluene# The difference in absorption, tbmw
fore determi;
pes the microporosity of the copolymers. The results Indicated thatirk-
creases in DVB and in solvent increase the total porosity of the copolymer and the
macroporosity simultaneously with decrease in microporosity. The degree of macro-
sity depends on the DVB to solvent ratio. For styrene copolymers the optimum
poro
ratio is 20-30 wt.% DVB and 50-60% (on weight of moncaer) of a-heptane; for acenaLh.;
tbylene copolymers 3o-4o% D,%,,B and 40-50% a-nonane. Vork was-'adadu6ted at the
It 0~ -
State University under the direction of Prof. A.A9 Tagero rigiext. has: I table,'.-.,,..-
6-f igutres, and 5 equations.
ASSOCIATIOM. none
SUBMr=.' 00 ENCL:4 00 SUB CODE CC, GIU:~
NO REF SOV: OMM t 013
W3
Card
2/2

SKAKALISKIY, B.G.
Hydrogeolo,g,ical and hydrochemical features of runoff from ravines
in an excess-moigture zone. Trudy GGI no.102:227-.253 163.
(MIRA 16:8)
(Runoff)

SKAKAL'SKIY, B.G.
Characteristics of the formation of the chemical composition
of the waters of local runoff In the Shelon' River watershed.
Trudy GGI no.119g67-87 165. (MIRA 18:9)
a

ACC NR, A117002013 SOU,~Cj-, CODF. Ujt/0043/66/000/(j
AUTHOR: Skakauskas, V. I.
ORG: none
TITLE: Certain exact solutions of kinetic equations
SOURCE: Leningrad. Universitet. Vestnik. Seriya matematiki, mekhaniki i
astronomii, no. 4, 1966, 103-107
TOPIC TAGS: gas.kinetics, kinetic equation, degree of freedom, chemical reaction
ABSTi~CT: Certain' exakt soluti ns* ed which reduce to zero the integr 1
are present a
and differential operators of the kinetic equations for gas mixtures filling all
space, and existing in a steady conservative external force field. Two cases are
considered: 1) gas mixtures without internal degrees of freedom; 2) Zas mixtures
with internal degrees of freedom and in the presence of chemical reactions. It is
shown that the class of solutions for a mixture with internal degrees of freedom is
smaller than that for a mixture without internal degrees of freedom. Orig. art.
has: 11 formulas.
SUB CODE: 20~-I/SUBM DATE: 16May65/ ORIG REF: 006/ OTH REF: 003/
Card
UDC: 533.-70

SKAKODUBOV, A.
Pneumatic transportation of waste has been introduced. Mak.-
elev. prom. 26 no. 12:26 D l6o. (KIRA 13:12)
l.Krupchatnik mellnitay Sukhini chskoy realizationnoy bazy
khleboproduktoy Kaluzheknv oblasti- -
(Pneumatic- tube~vftnsportation)

ZAJDEL, Maria; SKAKONIK, Wilhelmina; FRYZE, Cezar7
Studies on the blood balance in patients vith apoplexy and non-
traumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage. Prelimiiary communication.
Neurologia etc. polska 11 no.1:53-56 -Ta-F 161.
1. Z Kliniki Chorob Nerwowych PAM v Szesecinie Kierownik: doc.
dr mod. M. Jar0MI&9
(SUBARACHNOID HEKORRHAGE blood)
(CEREBRAL HZKORREIAGE blood)

SKAKONIK, Wilhelmina; EISNER, Marek
Trials in the treatment of multiple scle:.-osis with diabetol
associated with diets poor in carbohydra-~ev. Rocan. pan. akad.
mod. Swierozewski 9~267-270 163.
1. Z Kliniki Chorob Nerwowych Pomorsklej Akademii Madymej
Kierownik, prof. dr med. Michal Jarema i z III Kliniki Chorob
Wewnetr-znych Pomorskiej Akademii Medyezru)j Kierownik: doc. dr
med. Marek Eisner.
(DIET THERAPY) (DIETARY CARBOHYDRATES)
(MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS) (CARBIPEAMDE)

-l9dt

SKAX.N. G.I.. inzh.
Economic use of short rails. Put' i put.khoz. 4 no-10:37 0
160. (MIRA 13:9)
(Railroads--Rails)

SKAKOV G.I., inzh.
Switches madp fr-)n Bessemer ,:-teel. Putoi f)ut.khoz- 5 no.5s5-6 Pq
,161. - (KM 14:6)
(Railroads-Switches)

Care Tech Sci
D` .9sertation: inve s tire: at -i,m of the Structz..,re of Iron-Nickel-Aluninurn Allovs
-f'r,-,r Peivanent
21/12/r-O
Yo2coir Inot of Steel irreni L. V. Stalin
80. Vecheryaya Moskva
Sum 71

SKAKOV, Yu.
USSR/metals - Ibtallargy 1 Jul 51
"Structure of Iron-Nickel-Alumiram Alloys for Perm-
ment Magnets," Tu. Skakov, Moscow Inst of Steel
imeni Stalin
"Dok Ak Nauk SSSR" Vol LXXIX, No :1, PP 77-90
Sksk v concludes that the high coercive resistance
of Fe-Ni-Al alloys consists in formation of isolated
dimpersive pyn of ferrous phases inside the weakly
magnetic Ni-Al matrix. The origin of the high co-
ercive force should be sought in anit,otropy of F&
particles and the text=* of tensiowt inside these
particles. Presented by Aced I.T. Otdtsov 9 MAY 51.
210

SKAWV, Yu.A., kandidat tekhnicheskikh nauk.
The structure of iro*-nickel-aluzinum alloys with a high degree of
coercive force. Sbor.Inst.stall no-31:79-120 153- (K[aA 9:9)
l.Kafedra metallovedeniya i termicheekoy obrabotki.
(Iron-nickel-aluminum alloys--Metallography)

us S,~/ '2ri., s.1 c a:~ c 1-1 2rjS
Abs Joar Rafer,.tt -/hur Yh-,viija, 110 7, 1957, 2201(
Author YU. 'X. Shako,;
Inst tin
Ti t1c Dctcrminin-..~ of th-- (,rystaliographic ori,2nt:AiOn of ".Cains by
electron microscopic cxaminations.
Ori;, Pub &Avod. laburatoi-iw,., 1956, 22, No 7, 806-W9
abstract Nc, methods of &!'Cle--..anin~~ th.2 crystrallog-caph.Lc orientation of
U
arains iii fin3 cristalline samples -tre off2r2d by axairdnation
of electi-anic-microscopic photographs of 2tching figures in
fto-r .:Aching and the r-Lbs of
cases w1nen cu7),--fa~:,~ts av,, bam~d a
th,- etCLAn- fi,,ux-:!s have indexes (100), (010) Ina (001) 1)
The analyticai r~atflod is based on measurinS the angles be-
tween the p,-ojL-ct-7on3 of the etchin,~ figures ribs on the
photos. 2) The gi-aphical methods utilizes a set of stereo-
(~raphic projectiunc for dif'erent crys-callo.-mphic dir,~ctions-
A projection conforin~ng to the ortho(~on,-~,! projection of the
ribs on the photo is found by -my of sup~!vin;position.
Card V1 -32-

PANCHNNKO, Yelena Vasil'Yevna;-SLAKQL--X-UIL_Alltsandrolich POPOV,
KonstRntin Viktororich; LRIM , Boris Isaakovich, w IYEV,
Petr Pavlovich; MORIN, Yakov Davidovich; LIVSHITS, B.G., doktor
takhn.nauk, prof., red.-; GORDOX, L.K., red.izdatelletva;
LARASEV, A.I., tekhn.red.
[Metallographic laboratory] Laboratoriia metallografii. Pod red.'.
B.G.Livshitsa. Koskyn, Goo.nauchno-tekhn.izd-vo lit-ry po chernot
i tsvetnoi metallurgii, 1957. 695 p. (MIRA 10:12)
(Metallography)

AUTHORS: Varli, K.V. , dipfiurina, K.A. , Skskov- Yu.A. 32-12-21/71
TITLE: A Yethod of Investigating the Electron Emission of Steel (Iletodika
elelrtronno-emissionnogo issledovaniya stali).
PERIODICAL: Zavodskaya Laboratoriya, 1957, Vol. 23, Nr 12t pp. 1443-1446 (USSR)
ITSTRACT: In the introduction it is said that, although a model of the elec-
tron emission microscope for industrial use (in the USSR) hae already
been ,iorked out, there is still a lack of scientific publications
Jealing -rith this problem. Reference is made to the work by
K.Heidenreisch (Journ.of Appl.Phys. 26, 1955), which contains suit-
able information for the activation-working of carboniferous types
of steel. In this paper a new method of emission-microsoopic invest-
*
and
.gation of the re-orystallization ferrosilicon (iron silicide)
also a method ho%7 to study the -transformation of electrolytic
iron is suggested. Besides, the results obtained by studying the pro-
cess of nickel form-ation in the steel 10X05 are given. Research work
was carried out by means of the raicroscope "J 31M -75". The sa=ples
were ground and electrolytically polished. Because of the activation
of the surface of the samples the following solution (accord,-ing to
Heidenreisch) was used: 11 mg formate of barium, 75 ml formic acid,
Cj: r-3 and 25 ml isopropyl alcohol. In order to be able to expose the samples

A 1:~A~torl of In-,restigating the Electron Emission of Steel 32-12-21/71
to a temT)eratur-- of 1200-13000 during the research work, 'a special
objective--holder is used, -*~ which the sample in the emission micro-
scope is under a vacuum 10- mm torr. For the purpose of comparison
simultaneous recordings were made -Ath light microscopes. In the
chapter: Research results it is said that investigation of emission
m%ist be carried out at temperatures above 8500. In the case of ferro-
'licon it was possible, during heating, to follow the process of re-
cr73tallization and of the dissolution of the ferrosilicon grain.
In electrolytically pure iron thec(Ic- -transfox-7ation could be ob-
sex1red as well as the structure of the ferrite at a temperature of
8,1,0-9000 (photos are shovin). In IOX05-steel it was possible to study
the a,,Lstenite' structure. Observation made at higher temperatures di-
ininiahea the contrasts of contours; at low temperatures research
viork is in need of working out suitable activation methods, in the
course of which - as is presumed here - the application of formate
of cobalt is said to be necessary. The m-1cropictures were taken at
d ~~ 1000 R. There are 4 figures, and 3 references, 2 of which are
Slavic.
flo r.] V3

A Method of Investigating the Electron Emission of Steel 32-12-21/71
ASSOCIATICK: Moscow Institute for Steel imeni Stalin (Moskovskiy Institut
stali im. Stalina)
AVAILABLE: Library of Congress
Card 313 1. Steel-Electron emission 2. Enission-Kicroscope applications

k6 L/
20-2-21/60
AVTHORS i Skakov, Yu. A. Chernikova, 1. N. , Sharshatkina, A. V.
TITLEs On Structure and Composition of Carbide in Low-Drawn Steel
(0 strukture i sostave karbida nizkootpushchennoy stali)
11ERIODICALt 35133R, 1 li5fl. V, il . 11 U1, 1r 2, pp. 22, ~4j
ABSTRACTs First there is a s1hort reference un pi:uviju-; st-_-,,Jli,~.~, ,,.alin-
with the same subject. The authors examined by electrono-ra-
phical ways, the drawing of carbonaceous steel of the fol-
lowing composition (in ~~)s 0,55 %- C, 0,10 ~4 Mn, 0,08 5 Si 1
0,033 % S, 0,005 % P and 0,017 % N. The samples were chill ad
in water and drawn at the temperatures of 100, 200 and 400 C-
After careful metallographical preparations of the test-pie-
ces and with application of a deep-going electrolytic pick-
ling (in aqueous solution of M with addition of citric ac~id)l
the electronograms were taken "on reflection". In the case of
the test-pieces, which were drawn at 100 0C, satisfactory elec-
tronograms could not be obtained. The Sesults, which were
obtained after drawing at 201) 0 and 400 are illustrated in
Card 1/3 two diagrams and in one tabla. The carbide of the low-drawn

On Structure and Composition of Carbide in Low-Drawn Steel
20-2-21/60
steel has a bexa.-onal lattice with a tight packingr of the
atoms of iron the lattice uhit has the dimension a - 2,73
and c = 4, 3ij L In cu3e c)f drawi.,io,, at 2000probably a small
quantity of cer.--,ntite rejultj. Aftor di-awing at 400 0 there
practically ij no hexa-ponal caz,L"ije. In the electrono-
gram of hexagonal carbide the reflections with the indicas
(001) and (hkl) with h + k - 3n, if 1 j 2n, i.e. the struc-
ture of carbide is exactly one 3f the structures of the
F_ -phase of the system iron-nitrogen, are missing. The non-
-metallic atoms statistically arc adentated equally in the
octahedral pores of the hexaaonal compact lattice, which is
formed by the iron atoms. Such a structure can form in a
large range of concentration and the formula Me 2X is valid
for the limits of the percenta.-e of the non-metallic com-
ponent. Further the authors geometrically computed the car-
bon content in the carbide of low-drawn steel and they found
for "F - carbide" a carbon content of about 16 atom per cent.
The calculation,based upon the change of the period a, gives
a percentage of 18 % C. Therefore can be assumed th!zt U'le
composition of the "E - carbidE111 nearly is descr-ibed 1-1- t`1-e
Card 2/3 formula Fe 4C. There are 2 figures, 1 tuable, and 7 referen--aZI

1 20-2-21/60
On Structure and Composition of Carbide in Low-Drawn Steel
5 of which are Slavic.
ASSOCIATIONi Institute for Steel imeni I. V. Stalin, 1,10scow
(Moskovskiy inotitut stali in. T. V. Stalina)
PRESENTEDs July 19, 1957, by G. V. Xurdyumov, Academician
SUBMITTE Ds July 5, 1957
AVAILABLEs Library of Congress
Card 3/3

It CIRLINX SAMPOMMOR OWNPOCRO"No
PYS~- "Ism= A. A~
It -ii
k 10 16
n. A. C-
&& n-
V3.MA IGO
&
4m
12
(c 18 22
1 0. &"-
0. . C~-
-PY-'
CERRES FAANO"MAN". 3ARRIPOARy-
Civas a 3BnO3ANOCO
Pr~- It L F-P-
(C 10 Ao
L
Cl-W.
It r. c- .-. t-
r. C. r~

so

T"Gr% WdWifto ftW go CoftwMa" ft"US 'C Wo ftldu%lrft JWftDjfGj*" Or
%"is ftommil" as ownwifiLL emmalmuiiiiiiii is. A. a. F"" (m"). meow,

"old-shortness of Commercial Iron 3 0 V/ 1 () 3 - 5 ()..2 - 4 51/48
There are 5 figures, I table, and 8 reference5. 4 of which
are Soviet.
ASSOCIATION: .1.1oskovskiy institut stali (Moscow Steel Institute)
SUBMITTED: Miay 28, 1958
Card 2/2

SKAKOV, Yu.A.
Changes in the microstructure of beryllium bronze under the
effect of aging. Izv.vys.ucheb.zav.; tsvet.mat. 2 no.4:
125-130 '59. (MIRA 13:1)
1. Moskovskiy institut stali. Kafedra, rentgenografti i Miki
metallov.
(Copper-baryllium-nickel alloys--Metallography)

SOII/ .126 -7-1-20/28
AUTHORS g Maslenkov, S.B., Skakov, Yu.A. and Ya-S. Umanskiy
TITLE: Structural Changes in Aluminium Bronze Under the Action of
Cold Plastic Deformation and Annealing (Strukturnyye
izmeneniya v alyuminiyevoy bronze pod deystviyem. kholodnoy
plasticheskoy deformats1i i otzhiga)
PLRIUDICAL: Fizika Metallov i Metallovedeniye, 1959, Vol 7, Nr 1,
pp 137-14-1 (USSR)
ABST11ACT.- The structural changes after deformation and annealing of
monophase aluminium bronze containing 8.02 wt % (17.1 at
Al (alloy 1) have been investigated electron -optically and
byX-rays. In order to solve auxiliary problems of the
investigation an alloy known to be two-phased, containing
12 wt ~~' (25.0 at '-,6) A! (alloy 2), was cast. The ingots
were hot forged and were given a homogenizing anneal
(90000, 10 hrs). Af tor a~,Lnaal ing alloy 1 at W&, it Ms ibm' that
a = 3.6451 = kX; this result, as well as that for the
lattice parameter of the cK-phase in alloy 2 (a = 3.662)
agrees well with data on the relationship a - f (at % Al)
Card 1/4 (Ref.6). Thus alloy 1 is in the monODhase oc-region of
C)

SOV/126-7-1-20/28
Structural Changes in Aluminium Bronze Under the Action of Cold
Plastic Deformation and Aiu-.ealing
the existing constlWtIonal diag~ram. According to
electronographil, data (Fig.la and Table on p 140) the
lattice parameter of the. face-,entred cubic solid solution
of a spec:Lmen of alloy I , annealed at 6000C, is 3.75 kX.
An electron miercs,:-pe analysis has ahown that in this
spe-~imen there are, Ln. 'Lhe vicinity of the grain boundaries,
regions rising abo-4-is the surfacle cf the micrc--sectio4 ha-vring
a width of 0.3 to 0.4 micror,% which are difficult to
etch (Fig.2a 'I. These _-e6ions refiresent a solid solution
(,KI) with an inoraased ooncentration of aluminium and
possible other J_T-.pur_2Lti9s. Comparing this result with the
known relationnhIp a z. f (at .% Al); it can be assumed
that the conoentra'ion of al-,Aminium in the grain boundary
regions of' the solid solution is close to the composition
of the y-phase. Deformed spacimens give different
diffraction pictures, accordinL, to the etchant used. After
etching in aqua regia, a system of lines of the oc solid
solution can be ~3een in the X-ray picture, having a sharply
Card 2/4 defined texture (Fig.1b). in a mixture of alkalis

SUV/126-7-l-2U/28
Structural Changes in A-luminiix-rL Bronze Under the Action of Cold
Plastic Deformation and AxLiealing
leads to the appearance of a system of diffuse lines,
instead of textured ones, in the X-ray photograph (Fig.11).
The interplanar distances are close to those given for the
Y -phase (see Table). The electronographic data on the
appearance of the y.-phase as a result of cold deformation
are in agreement with the photomicrograph shown in Fig.2b.
On the basis of microhard-ness tests after 30 minute
annealing at various temperatures (Fi6.3a), the authors
have chosen for their further investigations a tempe-!:-ature
range of 275-3000C for annealing. Annealing at these
temperatures leads to a pronounced ordering effect. Micro-
hardness measurements after -various annealing times at
2750C (Fig.3b) ha-,,-e shown that the hardness of the alloy
Is not fully removed after 7ery lengthy soaking (up to
100 hrs). Structural changes on annealing consist, firstly,
in an.increased stru-tural non-u--iformity, and in an increase
in th e Vch=6 of the ' -Dhas,-,. This is evident from the micro-
structure~ In Fig.2~.O new slip lines are visible. These
are regions In which the y -phase. or the solid solution of
Card 3~4 increased aluminijjr concentration, has separated out.

SOV/126-7-1-20/28
StrUctural Changes in Aluminium Brc,-ize Under the Action of Cold
Plastic Deformation and AnnealinIg
Secondly, a basic change in the fine o-rystalline structure
of' the solid solution o~~curs. The lattiae parameters of
the cx-solution in specimens which have been aged for up
to 100 hours at 275-00, as well as for 6 hours at
325 - 35000, diffe~r negli6ibly from the lattice parameter
of an undeformed specliren., There are 3 figures, 1 table
and 6 references, of which 5 are Soviet and 1 English.
ASSOCIATION: bloskovskiy instiuut 514--aii (Mo3aow Steel Institute)
SUBMITTED: April 1., 195?
Card 4/4

-25-1-26/51
SOV/32
AUTHORS Skakov, Yu. A. , Ar,?n,,,rol ' d , !,--. P. , Shr-r-lhatkina, A - V.
TITLE: Elqctron ;'JicroscoDic and Electrono-raphic investi-ation
of the Transparency of Foils (Metal Lnninfts ) (Elektronno-
mikroskopicheakoye i ele!:tronogr,,2fiches!-o.,-C1 isslodovaniye na
prosvet plenok)
PERIODICAL: Zavodskaya Laboratoriya, 1959, Vol 25, Ur 1,
11p 64 - 65 03SR)
ABSTRACT: A method is described for thc electrolytic dilution of
samples from, composed alloys (of the K40NKhY, and Gatfilld
steel). The strips (20 x4i,0 .-) of the alloy under investigation
were diluted by electroly-,-i-~ ~o approximately 0.1 mm thick-
ness. For the ti.,,o alloys mentioned above an electrolyte
consistilic,' of 195 cm3 H3PO4+ 30 g CrO3 was employed at a
current density of about 0.2 ar-lpere/CM2. The electronographic
investi,,Tlation of the lnminal trans-)arency can be carried out
by the E7,1-4 electrono,-r--.ph. The nethod described provides
an explanLtion of the structural chan7es at a low temperature
Card 1/2 deformation and hardenin- of the- K40NKhM alloy. A second
U

Electron and lnve~-ti. '.tion SOV132-21:-7-26151
of the Tr:m-,parency of flT,"] :a:nina~)
L
Sroup of ii:!,~s was observed 2.1 5 and 1-95 R), that
n
appare-litly corresponds to that nylloy -:ortion havin.- P. higher
molybdenum and carbon content. After h-irdening it 7000, the
proF:ence of a carbide phase of the type
Cc31:10 3~ (Co,Fe,Cr)3(A,.Io,Cr)3C with cubic lattice, a=11,0
was ascertained. The method described is recommended for the
inve:ztij,!.tion of the chemic;.1 lictero-eneity and t1he strictural
'I"Sturloinces of the alloy basis.
ASSOCIATION: lfoskovskiy institut stali im. I. V. Stalina (Moscow Steel
Institute imeni I. V. Stalin)
Card 2/2

18 (7)
AIJTHORS: Paisoy, A. I., Skakov, Tu. A. SOV/32-25-6-23/53
TITLE; Investigation of Metal Fails Obtained by Tapering With the
Irradiation Electron Microscope (Iseledoyaniy*
metallicheskikh plenok, poluchennykh uton'sheniyem, v
prosvechivayushchem elektronnom mikroskope). Survey (Obzor)
PERIODICAL: Zavodskaya Laboratoriya, 1959, Vol 25, Nr 69 PP 710-714 (USSR)
ABSTRACT: A survey is given here of methods (introduced abroad)
concerning the el*c 'tron microseopio.inyeatigation, and making
use of the direct irradiation of metal foils (without replicas).
Tapering of the metal samples by rolling and forging to a
thickness of 0.2-0.02 mm is'mentioned as the first operation
for the preparation of metal foils. Further tapering of the
foil is mostly brought about by electrolytic polishing, with
different electrolytes being used-A few technical data
taken from publications are given as well as electron
microscopic figures of various metal structures, showing
inter alia (Fig 6) dislocation'displacements under the effect
of the electron beam. The electron microscopic and electron
diffraction investigations of thin metal foils reveal that
Card 1/2

investigation of Metal Foils Obtained by Tapering SOV/32-25-6-23/53
With the Irradiation Electron Microscope. Survey
the formation of a cell atructure in the electrolytic
polishing and in the chemical pickling operations is dependent
on electrode processes. Investigations of the kind mentioned
allow a thorough study of the metal aging processes. There
are 6 figures and 26 references, 1 of which is Soviet.
Card 2/2

GORELIK, S.S.; ROZINFULID, A.M.; SKAKOV. Yii.A.; SPIRIWMV. V.B.
Investigating the nichrome reer7ttallization process following small
deformations with use of the 119-75 emission microsco-pe. Izv. vys.
ucheb. zav.; chern. met. no.1:159-166 160. (MI-RA 13:1)
l.Moskovskiy institut stali i nouchno-issledovatellskiy institut;
pochtovyy yashchik No.4064.
(Nichrome-Metallogralh.v)

SKAKOV, Yu.A.
Distribution of dislocations In cormercial Iron. 1zv-vys.ncheb,
zav.; chern.met. no.3:65-72 16o. (MIRA 13:4)
1. 14oakovskiy institut stali.
(Dislocations in metals) (Iron-Metallography)

SKAKOV, Tu.A.
Observations of the dislocation structure of commercial-grade
iron grain and block boundaries. 12V.VYS.uchob.zav.; cherne
met. n0-5:85-90 160. (MIRA 13:6)
1. Moskovskiy institut stall.
(Iron-Metallurgraphy) (Dislocations in metals)

GORELIK, S.S.; ROZENFELID, A.M.; SKAKOV, Yu.A.; SPIRIDOTIOV, V.B.
Mechanism of the formation and dDappearance of twins during
the heating of deformed nickel-ch-romium. alloys. Izv. vys.
ucheb. zav.; chern. met. no.2:105-111 160. NIRA 15:5)
1. Moskovskiy institut stall.
(Ifickel-chromium alloys-Metallography)
(Crystal lattices)

8.)53rt
/JP 1-2 30 S/148/60/000/005/007/009
AUTFORS: Skakov, Yu,A., Umanskiy, Ya.S.
Investigation Into Changes of Fine Intergranul4r Structural/
J'
TITLE 'J6'~ of
a Composite Cobalt-Base aAlo K40K(M (K40 )"in Plastic
Deformation and Annealing
PERIODICAL~ Izvestlya vyssikh uchebnykh zavedeniy, Chermaya metallurgiya,
1960, Nr 5, Pp 150 - 158
TEXT: The K40NKM alloy [Refs 1, 2] is .-trengthened in a high degree
during plastic deformation and is, moreover, subjected to considerable addi-
tional strengthening by low temperature annealing. The authors Investigated
the character of structural changes corresponding to strengthening and softening.
The composition of the alloy is given: 0.08% C; 36.4% Co; 20.1% Cr; 15.25%
Ni; 7.05% MO; 16.3% Fe; 0.40% Si; 1.82% Mn. The alloy specimens were sub-
jected to cold rolling (10, 30, 50 and 70% compr-ession) after water quenching
from 1,1500C. Tempering was carried out at 1003 to 9000C for four hours. At
5000C the tempering time was changed from 2 to 100 hours and at 7000C up to
18 hours. Microhardness of all specimens was measured. The experimental work Vr
Card 1/3

803~7
.9/148/60/000/005/007/009
Investigation Into Changes of Fine Intergranular Structure of a Composite
Cobalt-Base Alloy K40HXM (K4oNKhm) in Plastic Deformation and Annealing
was r)erfonned with the participation of A.V, Sharshatkina-and students of
_M7~,'Izj L,K. Kostih'~nd M.M. Arfe_r~EoVd, D.I. Gabrielyan and other collaborators
of IPS TsNIIr,hM, in particular V.A, Sol't , azsisted in the selection and pre-
paration of the test items, Results of experiments are described in detail
and the following conclusions are drawn: Strengthening of the alloy by cold
plastic deformation and additional strengthening by heating up to 5001C depend
on the same factors, i.e. cruzhing of mosaic domains (down po 10-6 cm) and
large microdeformations of the c'-p7stalline lattice of the solid solution
(up to ---,4.jo-3). However, the significance of these strengthening factors
is different In deformation and strengthening tempering. If the degree of
comDression increases from 50 to 70%, strengthening depends on further
-ru*hIng of domains; additional strengthening in low tempering of a strongly
deformed alloy depends mainly on changes in the character of distribution of
microdeformations and their growth. Microdeformations of the crystalline
lattice are mainly caused by the fine noncentrational heterogeneity in the
solid solution. Differentiation of components (fir-st of all molybdenum and
!~-arbon) talkes plas-e in the zones with dimensions of the order of 10-6 cm, A
C ard. 2/3

1
305Y 4
3/148/60/000/005/007/009
Lr:vestlgation Into Changes of Fine Intergranular Structure of a Composite
"obalt-Base Alloy K4oHxm (Momum) in Plastic Deformation and Annealing
higher degree of compression, an extended time or higher temperatures of
tempering, entail enlarged localization zones of microdeformations in the
crystalline lattice of the solid solution; (or enlargement of solid solu-
4fon zones with higher concentration of Mo and C). Such a structure precedes
the separation of the carbide phase and corresponds to maximum hardhess. The
separation of the carbide phase is accompanied by the elimination of micro-
deformations of the crystalline lattice and by the sharp enlargement of mosaic
stlrue:ture domains, which causes softening.
There are, 5 Fets of graphs, 1. set of microphot-os and 6 references, 4 of
whIc!h a.re Soviet. 1 Prench and 1 Diglish.
ASSOCIATIONq Moskovzkiy Institut stali (Moscow 3`11-eel Instituta)
SI
I IJBM IT TED April 1, 1959
,-bard 3/3

S/129/61/000/001/003/013
slll/S13
AUTHOR: Skakov, Yu.A., Candidate of Technical Sciences
TITLE: e-__i1-ttrVbt;ure of Technical Iron During Ageing
PERIODICALs Metallovedeniye i termicheskaya obrabotka metallovq
1961) No. 1~ pp. 1'_19
TEXT: The author gives results of an investigation'ofagaing
structural changes in laboratory and production heats of technical:*
iron containing 0.01-0.1% C and 0.005-0.01+5% N and some other alloys-11
Table 1 (heats 1-7 were laboratory heats, heat 8 pen hearth steelq~!
heats 9 and 10 - Bessemer steel; r C;so ii .;, I.
"CAMbl" - t a In the
investigation of ageing after hardening the hardness was measured.
Fig.1 shows hardness for heats (curve rxumbers indicate heat numbers
as given in Table 1) as a function of ageing time at 100. 0C; the
top curves were obtained with anMT-3 (PMT-3) instrimentg the
bottom ones with a Vickers instrument. Except for the heat with
C + N < 0.01% (heat 1) the curves are complicatedg having two
maxima. Electron-microscopic examinations were also carried out.
This revealed the presence of etching-spots (spheroids about 100
diameter), on specimens of heat 1.
Card l/

S/129/61/000/001/003/013
Elll/R135
Change in Structure-of Technical Iron During Ageing
j-
TadAuqa I
).C.100.
C s p sl
N Mn
180 . .....
45
1- 0,00
0 048 0,0110.0065 - -
2- 0, 0:042 0.01,10016 0 5 0.02 1
V 0,0090,028 0,015 0:043 0:1090 CO;eOAW -
4* 0,07 - 0,0760013 - 0 013~
f1v
5- 0,05 - 0,096 0:036 - 0:017
6- 0.03 - 0,0310,045 0.05 0.060 so,----
7* 0, 0210, 019 C,7eAw 0, 005 Citeitu 0,04 -
8" 0,02 0.02 0.03 0,005 0,17-. 0.16
9- 0.08 0.016 0,0160,026 0,28- 0,02 do
10*** 0, 0310, 032 0,05 0,012 0.18 - PO 40 60 80 IOL7 1,?0 140MUM.
Omflycoe
Table 1
Card 217

S/129/61/000/001/003/013
E111/El35
Change in Structure of Te~hnical Iron During Ageing
The author discusses this effect and the hardness curves in terms Qf
dislocations. A photo of the microstructure of Bessemer steel aged
for 10 hours at 200 OC is reproduced; this contains plate-like
segregations but no etch spots. The dislocation approach explains
the first hardness maxima (and the simple curve for heaV 1); the
second is attributable either to increasing carbon or nitrogen
content. Microstructure changes associated with formation of
segregations in ageing at 100 OC were observed on two heats. The
microstructure for heat 3 (0,009% C, 0.28 S, 0.015 P, 0.043 N,
0.09 Mnv traces Si) obtained with 20 min ageing is reproduced.
A characteristic feature of this is a 0.1 u wide zone adjoining the
boundaries which is free from etch spots. With longer ageing
numerous plates appear. -Similar changes occur with Aessemer steel.
The author suggests that in'low-temperature ageing one phase of
complex composition is first formed perhaps with a metastable
structure; this is supported by electron-diffraction work of the
author jointly with S.K. Maksimov and A.V. Sharshatkina. Ageing
changes were also studied by measuring X-ray diffraction line (220)
Card 3/ 7

S/129/61/000/001/003/013
Elll/E135
Change in Structure of Technical Iron During Ageing
widths (measured with the aid of a type YPC -50V (URS-50I) 4 ,D
installation, iron radiation). Fig.4 shows line width (left-hand
graph) and intensity as functions of ageing time (minutes) at
100' IC for Mats 8, 9 and 10.
ax
to 7
if
ks,
N~ W.
?a 49 4F# I? WO 1X9,
f55
Fig.
.Card,

S/129/61/000/001/003/013
Elll/E135
Change in Structure of Technical Iron During Ageing
Data on block dimensions and disorientation are shown in Table 2.
Heat Treatment Block
No. dimension
--------- -
Quenching 1-5
Anne-aling 2-10
Oc,
iAgeing (200 (2-10)*
I I
10 hrs)
5 Strain ageing O~5-3
(25C 01", 2 brs)
Blo(-,k,c not derined clearly (contours not fully closed)
Disorientation Dislocation
angles of the density
blocks (per CM2)
20 - 201 109
150 - 61 JC)9
109
200 - luo
10 (Within thel 1010
grain up to
80)
C a r d 151,7

S/129/61/coo/kc, 01/003/013
Elll/E135
Cha.nge in Structure of Technical Iron During Ageing
The microstructures obtained in labo:-atory heats of technical iron
and Bessemer steel after cooling from rolling temperatureq
deformation by extension (10%) and ageing (250 0,~j 2 hours);
after hot rolling Iron with 0.035.5, 14 initially, plates of nitride
phase appear (Fig-5. left-hand); after cold deformation the
density of etch spots rises (middle); after ageing contract of
the spot structure increases and closed chains of points are formed
(right-hand), Similar changes but wiLhout closed-chain
formation are found with Bessemer steel. The author considers
that the results confirm the views of A.H. Cottrell on the
mechani~~m of deformation ageing of to-chnical iron.
Note: This work was reported at, the 2nd All-Union Conference on
Electron Microseopy, 1,"ay 1953. A.V,. Sharshatkina, M.F. Zaytsev
and I.N. Levashova pni-ticip-tted.
There are 5 figures, ? t-_ible,'_~ and 5 referencets: 4 Soviet and
1 German.
Card 6/ )5

BERNSHTEYN, M. L. , red. ; SKAKQV-,-2a-A-, red. ; LEVIT, Ye. I. , red.
izd-,va; ISLENTIYF.VA, -P.C., tekhn. red.
(New electron microscopic studies] Novye elektronnomikro-
skopicheskie issledovanila. Moskva, Metallurgizdat,
1961. 214 p. Translated from the English. (MIRA-16:5)
(Electron microscopy) (Metallography)

SPIVAK, G.V.; VERTSDER, V.N.; LUNIUNOVIC11p VJI.; ILVIN, Ye.Ye.1
SKAKOVp Yu.A.
Third All-UnIon Conference on Electron Microscopy. Radiotekb.
elektrun. 6 no.5%852-862 Hy 161. (MIRA 14;4 ,
(Electron microacopy-Congresses)

S/03 61/027/002/017/026
B134Y32o6
AUTHORS: D'yakonov, L. I. and Skakov, Tu. A.
TITLE: Camera for taking aimed radiographs
PERIODICAL.- Zavodskaya laboratoriyav V. 279 no. 29 1961, 205-2o6
TEXT: Microfocusing X-ray tubes can be used for the X-ray analysis of
single microstructure elements. An X-ray camera is described which
permits to produce sufficiently sharp beams by means of a customary
X-ray tube, and to focus them onto the place to be examined of an order.
of magnitude of 100g. The pictures can be taken without combination of
the device with the optical system described by A. Kh. Geysler (Ref. 1).
A cone system is used which is installed cn the camera and the optical
microscope. The camera is specially suitable for determining the
orientation of single crystal grains. The camera consists of two
collapsible parts (Fig.). The distance between sample and film is
controlled by pulling out the left part A from part B. The latter is
mounted directly on the YPC-55 (URS-55) -.nstrument, or on the YPC -70
Card 1

Camera for taking aimed radiographs S/032/61/027/002/017/026
B134/B206
(URS-70) instrument, by means of a special holder. The sharpness of the
beam is adjusted by means of two identical cones fixed on the camera (3)
and on the stage, by shoving in the inner cone (5) with the sample
holder (6). The sample (7) can be displacel vertically to the beam axis.
When exactly focused, the axes of beam and the centering cone of the
camera (3) coincide. After sharp focusing, the part of the micro-
structure to be examined is brought into the cross hairs of the eyepiece
by means of the microscrews (8). (1) is the collimator, (2) the film,
and (4) are screws for displacing -the centering cone. Owing to the small
distance between sample and film (maximum 5mm), the exposure time can be
reduced to a few hours. Single granules of a polished section of
transformer steel with an average size of 100p were examined by means of
the camera described. There are I figure and I Soviet-bloc reference.
ASSOCIATION: Moskovskiy institut stali (Moscow Steel Institute)
Card 29-

S/129/62/000/011/001/007
E073/E535
AUTHORS: Skakov Yu.A. Candidate of Technical Sciences and
Vien Shu-Sen, Engineer
TITLE: The mosaic structure of aluminium
PERIODICAL: Metallovedeniye i termicheskaya obrabotka metallov,
no.11, 1962, 10-13
TEXT: The authors compared X-ray diffraction and electron'
microscope data on the internal structure of polycrystalline
99.9/o aluminium specimens which were rolled at room temperature
min and then annealed.for one hour at 100, 2(to
a thicUness of 0.17 )0
and 350'C, respectively. For the electron microscope investi-;
gations, specimens thinned down to translucency by electrolytic
etching as well as oxide replicas of etched polished surfaces-
were used. The X-ray investigations (on specimens annealed at
3500C) comprised estimation of the coherent scattering areaandoof the
disorientation of the crystallite blocks. ' These investigations,
as well as hardness measurements, confirmed that annealing at
3500C resulted in full recrystallization. Conclusions: The
sub-structure of annealed aluminium is charaetor ized by the
Card 1/2

MAKSIMOV) S.K.; SKAKOV, Yu.A.; ZHETVIN, N.P.; PAISOV, A.I.
R:le of phase c~-mposition of precipitates in the magnetic aging
of mild steel. Jzv. vys. ucheb. zav.; chern. met. 5 no.3:122-
124 162. (MIRA 15:5)
1. Moskovskiy institut stali i zavod "Serp i molot".
(Steel--Hardening) (Case hardening)
/001 /01.
PPPW
,/,26/62,/0
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C a rd

S/126/62/013/001/0i4/oA
Th e of Fec t o f E193/E383
by this treatment and it has been postulated that this effect
is partly associated with changes in the fine crystal structure
of the material, formation of stresses of the second type and
t extur e It was in order to check this postulhte that the
investigation described in the present paper was undertaken.
Experiments ;,rere carried out on a Cr-Ni-Mn steel containing
o-j6~,. c, 0-55' si, 8.01;o! Mn, 12.21,,o' Cr, 8.5l,,, Ni, 1-55; V, 1.15"; Mo,
C,
0-3% NNb (alloy A) and on Nimonic type alloy containing 0.05L
0.51;'," Si, 0.5c.', Mn, 20.091,"1 Cr, 0.6c,101 Al and 2.4,,,0' Ti (alloyE). Test
pieces (SCILtare rods meastiring 11 x 11 x 60 mm) were heated in
in art electric furnace, hot-rolled, quenched and then aged,
air
the various schedules employed being given in Table 1. In some
car,es, a higher rolling speed (5-7 m/min) or heavier reductions
(-'61,") were used. At the same time, pilot test pieces were heat-
treated in the conventional manner by quenching from temperatures
given in column 4 of Table 1- The effect of each type of
treatment was then studied by metallographic examination,
meastiring Vickers hardness and electrical resistivity at room
temperature, determining the lattice parameters of the
Carcl '~,/6

S/126/62/013/001/014/oi8
The effect of .... E193/E383
solid-soltition matrix, block dimensions and the magnitude of
niLcrostresses, and by evaluation of the character of texture
of' the specimens. Some of the typical restilts are given in
T a 1) 1 e :_'. bimilar results were obtained for alloy r:~, which, however,
r(-(piirossiippIementat-y study. The conclusions reached can be
summarized as follows:
I ) VT__-iO I)riTi,-.s about substantial (in comparison with the
conventional liardening treatment) changes in the shape of the
grain 11OLindaries and orientation of the grains, and markedly
aff'ects the condition of the solid-solution matrix.
2) V,'MO promotes more complete dissolution of the second phase
on heating And more complete.precipitation of this phase during
-igei
-ng than the conventional heat-treatment.
3) Wi~iO brings about a decrease in the dimensions of the mosaic
blocks (doAvrn to 0-05 11 in the case of alloy A), this effect
becoming less pronounced if higher temperatures or faster rolling
speeds are employed. 3)
4) Quite large (up to 1 x 10- , microstrains are set tip in the
alloy as a result of VTMO, ageing or quenching from relatively
Card 3/6

3/1-6/62/015/001/014/ol8
The effect of .... E193/E.383
high temperatures.
5) Materials subjected to VTi'-10 have a texture closn to axial,
the :Ill! direction being the preferred orientation*
parall.el to the direction of rolling.
6) A maximum increase in strength is attained after MMO
follov.ed by ageing. The beneficial effect of this treatment is
associated with the precipitation of a large quantity of the
tardening-phase particles, with more favourable distribution of
L;IiS precipitate arid indirectly with the reduced size of the
mosaic blocks. There are 2 tables.
ASSOCIATION: Institut fiziki metallov AN SSSR (Institute of
Physics of Metals of the AS USSR)
SUIDIITTED: September 18, 1961
A
Card 4/6

Tile el*l,(,CL0
s/ i L,6/6-,)/c)i,5 / (,, (-) i / c) 81
E195/r585
Ta 6 1 e I Schedules of V-1,'-10 and subscouent heat-trr,'ItITIr:nt of
(.("-;,L pivcL~s u'llich wel-0 hot--r:oI](--d durint- V'f:'iO to 25,~
i-f-iiiietion at a roll.ing sl-
-)t-(,d ot' L.5 m/min and thell
quenched in ;;atcr.
T em 1) t u r e ,0
:.at eri a IL'o. of C Rol.1 in- 'Cillcr
t reat- and t empera- c on di t i on-s
111011t holding tilne, ture,
schedule III-S
1 1150 - I lir 1100 750 - lirs
Alloy A 11 1175 - .1 lir 1000 750 - lirs
I I 12 0 0 - 1 h r 1200 750 -- 4hrfF
I j-o8o - 8 lirs 1080 700 -16 lirs
Alloy ~Li 11 1080 - B tirs 1000 700 - 16 lirs
Card 5/6)
- XN

S/126/62/015/001/014/018
The effect of .... L 9V E-5 83
Ta 1) 1 e '-' : r I
t roperties of Al-loy A. aCter TPHO carvi(~d otif-
according to scliedule .1 11-as grivell ill TabIe 1.1
Type of.' Treatment Lattice re--;is- Block di.- Nicro- IfV
paraniet er, tivi ty in e ris i ns t I e f (,) riyt- 2
IL-,-,c in 11 a L J. Oq
Conventional hard-
-iiing vrithout
7-595 0. 2 0 2220
Conventional hard- 3.592 61 . 2 2
oning agcing 0 . 2, u
VTMO (vritliout o. o6
'-~tgcij-ng) '-i-598 ()3.11 (T5 :!'10
(;.o6 7
VT',,10 Ovith ageing) 5 9 0 59.4 0.05 1.0 5 3 0
in the riuvicrator r(3SLIJAS obtained bv I-lie apprw,-Jm,-l Lion
m c 1. hod ill the clollonlilllt-01' - r'eFLtJ.t--; Of hill-MOlliC riiuril-ysi-s.
Card 6/6

GORLLIK, Semen Swruilovich; RASTORGUYEV, Lconid Iiikolayevich;
Z~KMOJ-Yuri-'- Alek rQviah.. Pririr~ali uchastiye:
.V . ~ - ~~ -- I
BELIKOV,-X."T.; VISIRIYAKOV, Ya.D..~ LYUTSAU, V.G., red.;
VIADIMIROV, Yu.V., red.izd-va; BEkYM , O.G., tekhn. red.
[X-ra.y and electron diffraction e2mrination of metals;
practical guide to X-ray analysis, electron diffraction
examination and electron microscopy] Rentgenograficheskii
i elektronograficheskii analiz metallov; prakticheskoe
rukovodstvo po rentgenografii, eIE:ktronografii i elektronnoi
mikroskopii. Mloskva, I-letallurgizeat, 1963. 256 p.
[Supplement; calculation data tables and standard X-ray
diffr,~ction patterns] PrilozheniiE.; spravochno-raschetnye
tablitsy i tipovye rentgenogrammy. 1963. 92 p.
(MIRA 17: 1)
(I-Iletallography) (Electron micro.-copy)
(Electron diffraction examination)

SKAKOV, Yu.A.; MHMARIN, G.M.; KLEY14MIMLI-RIMILING? U.
I
Kinetics of the initial stage in tho quench-aging of commercial-
grade iron. Izv. vys. ucheb. zav.; chern. met. 6 no.lltl57-160
163. (~HRA 170)
1. ~bskovskly institut stali i splairov.

s/126/63/015/002/020/033
Bl93/B383
AUTHORS: Shalcov, Yu.A. and 1.1-czhennyy, Yu.0.
TITLE: Stacking faults and segregation in Cobalt-base
alloys
PERIODICAL: Fizika metallov i metallovadeniye, v. 15, no. 2,
1963, 28o - 284
T ra-CT - Ti-to alloys of the (K40NXhM) type
(approximately 4001 Co, 20t' Cr, 11g, Fe, 16,,,~' za, 71,-,' Z,11o) vrith a high
(0.100 and lo."r car")bon cont"ent ,rare used as the oxneri-
mental materials. Tlhe displacement of the peaks of the (111)
and (200) lines, diffracted by a face-cantered cuble lattice of
the solid solution, was studied to deter.,iiine the concentration of
the Stacking faults in filings produced at room temperature and
then annealed at 4OG - 700 0C. These ea-cperiments ~vara supplemented
by determining the position of the cer;tra of gravity of the (111)
line. Typical results obtained for the O.lcj~" C alloy are repro-
duced in Fig. 1, showing the profile cif the (111) lines of
specimens in the follour:Lng condition: al quenched; U quenched
and deformed (by filinZ); B, quenched, deformed and then
Card 1/3

Stacking faults .... F.193/ E3 35
annealed at 400, 500 and 6oo 0C, respectively; P and G indi-
cate, respectively, the position of the pealz and the contra of
gravity of the line. Conclusions: 1) plastic deformation of
alloys of the N110"c'-hM type at rooz-a temperature brin,,s about tho
formation of a large quaritity (up to 71,*,0*) of stackin8 faults. The
carbon content of the alloy has no significant affect on the
A
probability of the formation of the stacl.,ins faults which is,
VA
-tever, increased in the presence of lo and Cr . -iardness
hoi 2) Ae I
of sLpecimens deformed at- room tei:iperatura increasez; after annealing
at low (up to 500 OC) temperatures. '.his of."'cot has been attri-
buted to the segregation in the vicin:Lty of the stachingr faults;
thus, for instance, in the ca-se of an alloy with a 2m3inal Mo
content of 75,'., the concentration of t,-iis element in the region of
he~~zagonal stacIzin- 11-Aas sometimes been found to be 20". 3) A'ter
-t m -
I
high iperature annealing aecom-panie-I by tAe precipitation of
carbides, staclUng faults Oisappear, the alloy becomes honogeneous
0
and its hardness decreases. There are 2 fi-f-ures and 1 table.
A S S 0 C I AT I ON: 'Moskovskiy institut stali i splavov. (Moscwa-
Institute of Steel and Alloys)
Card 2/3

StacldnS faults
Fig. 1:
6
S/1-26/63/015/002/020/033
B193/B383
Jaxafl-Ica
SP 56- J7' V'
Card 3/3

W
/EWT,(m)/bDS Mi~d/ASD
(q)
iACCFZ31ON NRs Moo459o
1AUTHORSt Skakov, Yu. A.; ~leynmikhelj
P UO
ITITLEs Kin'etics of the aging process of co'=ierc'ial iron and the natuie~of
structural changes at various aging stages
SOURCEs Fizika metallov i meta~lovodeniyeo'.J~ .16,,,noq If 19630 $1-56:1'
t commercial iro t
ITOPIC TAGS no agin o structuIrIe changle, agingaage-
ABsrRAM The influence exerted by the admixture content (C+N)'and the quantity,
of defects on the kinetics of the primary and secondary stages has been'
investigated. The aging of four iron samples of different compositions was studied--
lat 100C after annealing, after natural aging, after hardening at temperatures
1700-940C, and after the deformation (7.4% stretching).', Because the soldtion Still
contained a considerable part of admixtures:after the secondary hardening maximum.,,
the variations of hardness in.the result of a protracted aging were investigated
!,Finally, the compositions of phases separated in boiling,open hearth and Besseme;
steals (after hardening and aging during various time intervals at 100C) have
been studied by electron diffraction analysis, Three maxima in the variation of
;a low carbon steel have been established, The kinetics of the first aging stage
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'ACCES'SION-NRi AP300 590
varied little with the degree of oversaturation- in the'solid solution, with thJ11 - 7
composition and mode of steel melting, and with the toncentration of defects
(vacancies and dislocations). The kinetics of the subs t tag es varied coni
siderably with the above factors and, possibly-, with the n between the
content of dissolved nitrogen and carbon. The electron Idefraction pattern show4d",,
the separation of the(x " phase (Fe Nd at-the second Ake. The third stage wa's *
the formation of the LY1 -phase (F%'~ . Orig. art. bass .1 table and 5 figures.
ASSOCIATION: Moskovakiy institut stallisplavovf(Moscow Inititute of Steel and
Alloys
SUBMITTED: 27Nov62 DATE ACQs- 27Aug63 ENOM 06:
SUB CODEt ML NO REP SOVs 006 OTHER 1 003
1
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SeiRiliciALIVY V.B.; 6KAKOV, Yu.A.; IOi',DAlllS'KIY, V.11.
Lse of tia mathLcd of zhin m-etailic foils for studying the ~.orp,.ology
of martaris-ite. Zav.lab. 20, no.8:955-~,56 '63. 16:r-,')
(1-fartQnsi~~.e-l,'etallograp,.,y) (Metal folls)

K-1y, V. 11. ; SKAYO-V,- '11-1 Sl~ IRIDOINOVI ~;- '~-
IC)RDAIIS Ing of I-tc~ Lte in chrc-lium-ni---kel steel-"
' -i.,anges during ag-L _j-uens_L - - Prague,
"Str.i,--t,ara-I- op~, I
raitted f or qrd European Reg Lonal COnf , Electron ~jf crosc ,
report sub /'1j . j
26 AI-4,-', Sep '

VARL1, K. V.; S.DVOV, Yu. A.; UMAI,1~3KIY, Yn. S.
iarltles of' dec~ornpsotion r-j" s-upersaturate;
sol. I ~c.':A icn-G
,~lil,initt~-,d for ~rd Eurorea-n Regional Clonf, Zie-tllan Mil--rcscocy,
Prague, 2u Aug-3 So;, t

POPOV, N.M.; ~KAKff,,.Yu.A.
Investigating the structure of the K40NPMM alloy by transmission
electron microscopy. Izv. vys. ucheb. zav.; chern. met. 7 no.3:
143-147 164. (MIRA 17:4)
1. Moskovskiy institut stali i splavov.

or
L 9068-65 EWT(m)/EPR/E'dP(k)/EW(b) Pf-4/Pe-4 ASD (f )/ASD (m) -3/&VMW
JD7HW
ACCESSION NR: AP4030658 8/0129/64/000/004/0002/6005
AUTHOR: Varli, K. V.; Scakov, Yu. A. ;" Sokolovg,, N. G., Shpitsberg, A.L
TITLE: Work-hard!t ~n_of chromium-nickel stabl!Le~s qtgets with aluminum and,
titanium durinff heat treatment 2,1
SOURCE; Metallovedeniye I termicheakaya obrabotka metaUov~ no. 4, 19641,
2-5 and top half of Insert facing p. 24
TOPIC TAGS: steel, stainless steel, chromiu n,',ckel steel, chromium r
M
stainless steel,'heat treatment, steel wo~k'hardenitng aluminum, titanium, ~steel
aging
ABSTRACT: The changes in the structure, phase c3mposition and some propert1m;
resulting from the aging of chromium-nickel stainless steels were studied. The
test specimens were water quenched from 950C and squeeze rolled by 20 and 80
The aging was carried out at 500 and 600C after hardening or after hardening
anddeformation. Holding up to 3000. hours was effected at 500C. The-z-oray
phase analysis of the alloy was carried out on wire type specimens of 0. 7 to 0. 8
dia ter and on powders. The. separation phase c:)mpostion was
me determined by.
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ACCESSION NR: AP4030658
electrolytic dissolution of the test samplesafter aging for 1000 and 3000 hours.
at 500C and for 100 to 400 hours at 600C. Hardness was determined by Vickers
hardness number with a I kg load. The amount of residual austenite was deter-
mined by comparing the intensity of the lines of the o