SCIENTIFIC ABSTRACT SHOLOKHOVICH, M.L. - SHOLOMITSKIY, G.B.

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: Scientific Abstracts
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP86-00513R001549820019-2
• Release Decision: RIF
• Original Classification: S
• Document Page Count: 100
• Document Creation Date: November 2, 2016
• Document Release Date: August 23, 2000
• Sequence Number: 19
• Publication Date: December 31, 1967
• Content Type: SCIENTIFIC ABSTRACT

And c= d,*co=,jth~
te.=P,=.,-Y.t#M Of an to$
and unrates. G. A. Hukbdova ZJ. L. Sholokhovkh. and
A. G. lkrgtnat,. Poklady AQ. 297-
IXXIPW).-Tho ternar yiitwm was li.vestigated by tho
vbwml ptAythcrinal mclU. The 4 binary systems were in-
Vestigated previously by other autuors. The ternary dia-
cram hu 5 regious where the solid pham &W the Percent-
agrofthetotalare-aafe.resp.: KlSO,,43.2; LI.SO%,42.7.
IANSO,.KrW,. 12; K.XO,. 0.8; Li.V%, 1.3. There are .1
inv"nt points: a transition point at 440', contg. W-5
(equiv.) % S04, SA% LI; a transition point at 133% coutit
1.0% 404, 41.5%, LI; and a eutectic at 403*. contg. 1A%Y
SO,.43,A%Li. There isak thermodynamic4scussionul the
heat of rcactiqu Involved In the formation of the complex
LitSO#.KtSOj. Arild J. Miller

SHOLOXHOVICH, M. L.
Chemical Abst.
vol. 48 No- 4
Feb. 25, 1954
General and ftsical Chemistry
IC __
Fusibility of th CO -K,C0j-B&T10, and
BICI,,-BATI - - Sholo-
tov e R
-A*=-7MkS_5.S.J? 77,51-20951); cj.V:A_.47,9l28e.-
The system were investigated at temps. up to 1200*. The
system Na,C0,-K:C0r-BaTi0~ is a stable section through the
more complex system Na, Ba, KjjC0j, Ti0j. There are 2
regions of crystn.: a small region. 1.27% of the total area,
where solid'solas. of Na,C0. and K!CO, crystallize out; and
the remainder where BaTiO3 is the stable phase. The
boundary between the 2 regions extends from 820* and
approx. 1% BaTiO,-99% NaIC0j, down to an invariant
min. of 700* at 60% NajC0.40% K,M; and up to 873* at
approx. 2% BaTiO,-08% KICO~. In the system BaCl,
BaCO,-BaTiOt there are 5 regions of crystu. where the
stable forms are, re!jp., a-BaCl, (1.481% of the total area),
B-BaCls (1.01% of area), a- and fl-BaCO., and BaTiO~
(areas for latter 3 phases not detd.). A ternary cutectic M.
811* contains IIM% BaC01, 9.25% BaTiOi, and 79-50%
BaC13. Arild J. Miller
USSR/Chemistry Piezoelectric Substances Jiln 52
"The Fusibility of the System K -BaTio '11
I. N. Belayev, M. L. Sholokhov_2C03_'a2'03 3
ich
"Zhur Prik Khim" Vol XXv, No 6) pp 657-662
The fusibility of the system ~~CO -K
was investigated by the visual pol 2CO -BaTiO
;QQc methk
through a temp range up to 1,2000. Fields Of crystn
Of solid solns Of sodium and potassium carbonates,
occupying Only 1.27% of the area of the system, and
fields of crystn of barium titan te were detd. The
system N CO K2CO -BaTiO~ is the stable cross see-
tion of
rism L,K,Ba-ll TiO 3,C0 3
~vl Qrn,.ka

USSR/Chemistry, Piezoelectrics - Barium Aug 52
Titanate
"The Fusibility of the System DaC12- BaC03-
BaTi 03, " I -N. Belyayev, M. L. Sbolokhovich
I'Zhur Prik Khim" Vol 25, No 8, pp 818-825
Established, through a visual -polythermal inves-
tigation of the fusibility of the triple system,
BaClp-BaCO BaTiO 3-1 that in the explored thermal
interval t~e- area of the liquidus corresponds to
the cry-stn of 5 different phases: cci3a%, oc -
cupying 0.1116 of the area of the system; PBaCl2J-
228T6
occupying 1.48% of the area of the system; of the
areas of crystn ct and P modifications of BaC 03 and
BaT'03 . The fields of crystn of P BaC) 2, P B"C03
and B&T103 converge in a triple eutectic point of
the system, corresponding to 79-50% of PBaC131
9.25% of BaT'C31 and 11.25% ofF BaC03.
228T6

H /,A .7-
",III B,Y-3-ta m"d-6-d-uraAhlo-rides -d..,! ifa B~C(]6,hj to
the: tel
carbon tag.
a 1. N. Bahi~aitd Sr lktco~ witit si-eatedle at 6184-MACI ILtCl,. au&211acil.-
(Molutov Sta-te 7 Iniv.. and AaC6i-MkK2BQLch:&CO, with a ~Utcctjc
I'34"-V(1W), Cf, CA, 3 c=Po=is). The Sqak1n:-; cf OP. rvitenti
47, 012qo.-The system Na, Da COv, Cl w2% detd. 1211, 111;115 crVits. fiew., MCI 24.10% (0: tr"A fro.
the first time. The bitiarics %vLm r,-.drtd.. and the surface jmted area), HaCO, 42.91% (y 20M. a 11:r)2, ~ 4.%),
of crystu. of the quaternary deduced from 12 internal NNCO, 8 43(" - MiCle US% an4 282Ch.BaCO,
planes and 2 diagonal and I adiagonal plam. In the This bred= sNcta Is an example of our jw-dng front a
binary illa,CO,-BaCO~ there Is a tutectie at ON" with:17% di;sowl to an adiagonal orientation. L Benc"witz
BaCO, (all cumpn3. in tool. 0%) and 2 polymorphous trans-
formations in the BaCO, branch at 811 and OM*. In the
NaCI-BaCl, binary thc!re is a eutectic, at 6480 with SL6%
BaCly, In the NaCl-BaCOlthrreameuteetksat$14ai3d
734' with 24 and 4770 DaCO~ 2nd a compil. 2BaClj.BX04
!1ritham.p.at&Y7*. This conspd, tras obtained repeatedly
in an atm. of CO:, though in the earlier. report (loc. cis.).
it w:3z not noted. The diagonal cross section NaCl-BaWa
(1) h as a ant ectle at 6W * wi th 44 % BaCO3 and a polyrnorphic
transformation at 811' -y-p BaCO, (687g). The dL-gonal
MIS section NaCQrBaC6 is unstable and passes through
the crystn. fields of BmC(h, NaCl, and 2BaCh.BaCO& the
branches intersecting at MO; 6.32, and 684' *ith- 21.5. 71 -
and 8176 BaCh. The diagonal I divides the redp;o~~
sys(em into 2 independent ternaries: NaCl-BaCONajCO&
(a) and NaCI-BaCIr-BaCOj (b). In a the melt wlidifies
in a single eutectic *at 563* with the 3 wrap(nents. The
ternary b 1.9 further subdivided by the ndl, )nal NaCl-

BFMM", A.G.; SHOLMOVICH, M.L.
. . - 2 , -- ~-- ~ - ~,-, -1- -- --
Reciprocal system of the adiagonal-zonal eutetic type, composed of meta-
phosphates and sulfates of lithium and potassium. Zin=.ob.khim. 23 V-0-7:
1075-1085 JI 153. (MLRA 6:7)
1. Rostovskiy Gosudarstvannyy univesitet imeni Holotova.
(Systems (Chemistry)) (Phosphates) (Sulfates)

Complex forroatioa in
reciprocal systean of thi pwophosphates and molybdates of
-EadiLLM and gogysLum. 1. N. Pely2ev and M. L. Sholo-
tcji_qvqch (V. M. Molotov state Univ., R
Khm 23, 1265-73(1953).-A chem. compd., on.
8:10', having a 1-.1 compn. is formed in the binary system
N%P-OT-(Mt,NIoO,1,j- The crystn. surface of the re-
-ciProcal system K, No 11 MoOt. P,O, consists of the fields
for the solid solos. N;i,(K,)P,Ch and Naj(K,)-MoO4 which
d&onip. into their components within the system, aud the
field of the compd. (Na2fdo04b.Na~PjLh. Thesystembas2
i~ernavy eutectics and a ternary transition point.
Rovtar Leach
----------------------

V

'
'
'-
i
L.- Sl
otokh ich.
BcTgtiiaA; A. 1. KWvi
aq
d
kjv A W. Nauh 1011~44kllN'P3~, d Iter
'
'
Duk[Wovd,- C.A.'44' , -10SW
;'. AtUnSO b'el
t e
lltee
E
r
'U%
So,, POj;sttd I., KIIM*,--
61
cuu. n~ladts, fu:

%'/40110 4-
USSR/ Chemistry
Card 1/1 Pub. 151 4/38
Authors Belyaev, I. N.; SholoWhovich, M. L.; and Barkova, G. V.
Title Reaction of lead titanate with;ralts in f~xsions
Periodical Zhur. ob. khim. 24/2, 211-215, Feb. 1954
Abstract The results obtained during the Eitudy of the reaction.between PbT'03 and salts
of vario-as monovalent metals in fusions are presented. The.study was conduct-~'
ed at temperatures up to 1-1000 by mans of a visual-polythermal fusibility
method. The effect of increased*temnerature on the volatility and decomposi-
tion of PbTiO is exnlnined. It was established that PbT103 in fusions with
sodium and no?assium'fluorides, silicates, carbonates, molybdates'and tnng,-
states forms certain eutectic systems which can be used for the formation of
PbT'03 monocrystals in melted media. A great analogy between the chemical
properties of PbTi03 and BiTiOq was established. Seven references: 6-USSR
and 1-Japanese (1950-1953). Tables; graphs.
Institution : The V. M. 'Molotov State University, Rosta7/Don
Submitted : September 26, 1953

USSR/Chemistry - Fusibility
Card 1/1 Pub. 151 - 6/38
Authors Sholokhovich.? M. L.Y and Belyaev, I. N.
Title Reaction of barium titanate with salts in fusions
Perioddical Zhur. ob. khim. 24/2, 218-224, Feb 1954
Abstract The results obtained during the inves-Eigation of
L, the reaction between BaTi03
and fluorides, silicates) carbonates, pyro- and metaphosphates, metaborates,
chlorides,, molybdates, tungstates and other salts of alkal-I and certain dival-.
ent metals in melted state, are tabulated. Of twenty-six systems representing
diagonal sections of ternary systems nineteen were found to be stable sections
suitable for the formation of BaTi%monocrystals in melted media. The chemil-
cal bond, which reflects all proper ies of elements, was used as a basis for
the classification of ternary systems and theory of solubility of salts ih
melted media. Thirteen USSR references (1873-1953). Tables.
Institution : The V. M. Molotov State University, Rostov/Don
Submitted : March 4, 1953

-7-
USSR/Chemistry
Card 1/1
Authors : Bergman, A. G., and Sholokhovich, M. L.
Title : Anion type complex formation between pyropho8phates and oxygen salts of
the type MeO& (Me x S, Mo, Cr,, W ) of potassium and sodium.
Periodical : 2hur. Obahchei Ehim. 24, Ed. 593 - 597,.APril 1954
Abstract : Data obtained from the study of eight binary systems and the experimental
material regarding melted salts Indicate numerous cases where sodium
salts show a greater tendency toward complex formation in comparison
with corresponding potassium salts. All tested systems in which potass-
Ium salt wa; present showed no complex formation. These results indicate,
the great difference in the chemical composition of sodium and potassiun
salts. Eleven references; all USSR: 7 since 1951, 4 of 6arlier date.
Tables, graphs.
Institution The V. M. Molotov State University, Poetov/Don, USSR
F;ubmitted
November 17, 1953

-.- -- - I -, ---
-, A k - - - , -
;o ~, '. . ..-
~ I A (~ L (~ ll,~ "! "! ~ f- NA If %,L- I I I . ..
I

USSR/Chemistry - Fusiblility
Card
Authors Sholokhovich, M. L., and Bergman, A. G.
Title m x formation and double
-decomposition in a system consisting of
sodium and potassium pyrophosphates and tungstates
Periodical Zhur. Ob. Khim., 24, Ed. 6, 936 - 946, June 1954
Abstract Using the visual-polythermal fusibility method, the authors made a thoro-
ugh investigation of the fusibility diagram for the system Ila, Ki~ "104,
P207. A fusion was established between the sodium tungstate'and pyrophos-
phate in a ratio of 1:1 which melted with consequent decomposition at
7670. A fusion existed between the sodium and potassium tungstates in a
ratio of 1:1, which melted with decomnosition at 6890.. The system had
five ternary invariant points, one binary invariant point and one point
of double descent. Three references. Tables, graphs.
Institution : State University~ Rostov/Don
Submitted : Januar%v 29, 1954

USSR/Chernistry Crystallization
Card : 1/1 Pub. 151 - 5135
Authors : Sholokhovich, M. L., and Belyaev, I. N.
Title 2 Reaction between barium titanate and sodium and potassium fluorides
and pyrophosphates
Periodical Zhur. ob. khim. 24, Ed. 7, 1118 - 1123, July 1954
Abstract The chemism (chemical affinity) of the reaction between BaTi03 and
sodium and potassium fluorides and pyrophosphates (NaF. P207, KF,
P2C'7).? is discussed. The crystallization surfaces of Na4F.- Na4P2C7
(BaTi03)2 and KV4 - K4P2C7 -.(BaTi03)2 - systems was investigated by
the visual polythermal fusibility method at 11000 and the results are
presented in graphs. Three USSR references. Tables.
Institution State University, Rostov/Don
Submitted March 25, 1954

A

Sin itriffeversibly
f
V
of chlo
ides ar
id sulf-tes 0111thlurn and thalll_qnL_A. G. Bew
--- StRoTollovieEW
MaILUnJ'Wr L. tdtc Unii., Rostov-on-Llon"
i
y
__
w-
N-W
2hur. 0
UIS.S R. 423-71[1955)(Engi. trunslation).-:-Th~~Cstn..
surface f t a system consists of 5 fields, UCI, TiCl. LljSOj.
TI,SO,, LijSO,-TISO.. 'and contains 3 nonvarlaritl
point3* cutecticB mp 328*,tl5O,'~T1,CII.34%LitCls.l%:
'
'~El
'and LI
111ascs*
elltec-
SO
as c
uil
Li
SO
ith LICI
. w
I
A
,
,
,
,
,
,
q
. ~
tic E,, m.p. 330% 60% TIXI., 3% UM. 31 0 TIAO,,with
j
TiCl, 77,50j, Liz5O#-T"O, as cquil. phases; transition
,point P, m.p. 338% U% T12cf... .2% LilSOA. 30% TltSOj.j
-with TiCl. LiiSO41 IJjS04-TIjS% as equil. ~phnses. Thel
diagonal wxtiott MISOrTlt.90, is the stable section of thei
system. The double salt norimilly meltiug without de-'
complk. "Ielts wiitli decompri. in the system. The strati-
ficatiun lens is located aloing the stable di-agonal and occupie:
51.7% of the area between 4 and 92.69170 Li.SO, oat Ih
diagonal and covers 2 crystit. fields, US% and Liji,
TI.-SO.. The lens is asym. The ridge in crystu. u
L6SO.-T4SO. becomes polysingular on lowering of temp.
,
N. II,!J-wL.U

USSR/Chemist:r7 - Alkali metals
Card 1/1 Pub. 22 - 24/45
Authors j Sholokhovichp M. L.; Lesnykho D. S.; Bukhalova, A.;.and Bergman, A. G.
Title Stratification in fusions of mutual systems with participation of salts
of first and second groups
Periodical I D.ok. AN SSSR 103/2t 261-263, Jul.11, 1955
Abstract t Experiments conducted with Nal Cal LI and other metal systems showed that
one of the conditions leading to stratification during the fusion of these
elements is the gre%ter difference in:the polarizability of the cations and
enions of the components. The most vivid difference in the polarizability -
was established among ions with 8 or 2 external electron layers and ions with
external electron structure consisting of.18 or 18 plus 2.electrons. The
effect of fluorides on the prevention of stratification in liquid phases is
explained. Nine USSR re.-Verences (1929-1946). Graphs,
:nstitution Rostov/Don State University im. V. M. I-Iolotov
'resented by Acadamicinn T. 1. Ghornyayev, May 13, 1955

II/Weraction of the-Iftarmtes and Moly itto of
B"ARKOYA 7. ur, VCOrg:m. OWT7~A
l
l
i
t
l
d
visua
t
ruta
metho
yt
was tjsM to investigate the reciprocal
"
system K,Pb-TiOj.NIo0j, The systtm is it quasi-stable profile
of the f"r-comportent reclpTocal system FbO-KO-TiOrltooll
In this system, in addition to the four salts forming strictly tein-
nary reciprocal systerns, two additional products of interaction
are formLd, TiO~ and PbO - Pblxf-304. The results of the work
can bt! represented in the form of it regular wraliedriart in three.
dintensfunal :ipaLe The ternary systcnis would be repreicritod
by phase diagrams on the faces of the tetraliedrun, and the mare
complex systems, by diagrams an various sectiom through the
figure. Stratification, appears in the' ternary composi-
tions on the K-11oO4-R!TiOj face of the tetrahedron, emends
far into the square of tht TeLiprr~cal system, covering a great part

is
of the square of crystallization. (This square i a plane bisect-
ing four of the six edges of the tetrahedron, on which the ccm-
position of a system K3NIoOf-K2TiOr-PbMo04-PbTiOs C= be
diagramed). This circumstance supports an assertion pre-

Kom vzc~~

_
r sunp 3r
n
.
Ite,
lip _ -Ahe-squ of cr~'stalliiatliclw_ diA
-11cularly, ate COTMP-011 9
three components of. the given tmar ThcifacizaUt~~
Y,systm;
.
s the * contpourfd 2KMOj-f
WErahedron: KIVOPbTiCh - sho4
PbTiol with a melting tempdaturelof 8302. It -is sitown t6t:
K2TiO; hass a stabilizzing influence on PbTiO,, whereas, m can-
ti-ast, PbNfoO4, KjNIoOj-PbNfc,0q, and K111--04 decrease the
stability of PbTiOz. In the presence of these salts, PbTiOv
breaks down at much lower temperatures., 8 figures. 8 re
V

Category: USSR Physical Chemistry
Thermodynamics. Thermochemistry. Equilibrium. Physico-
chemical analysis. Phase transitions. B-8
Abs Jour: Referat Zhur-Khimiya, No 9, 1957, 29941
Author : Barkova G. V.
inst : not given
Title Interaction of Metatitanates of Sodi)m and Potassium with Salts in
Pasions
Orig Pub. Z-Ah. obshch. khimii, 1956, 26, No 5, 1266-1272
Abstract: In the systems, investigated by the visual-polythermal method, of
-Na,,,Cl,,, K TiO K Cl.-,,, Na,..,TiO Na - CrO-I.J. K~~RiO K CrO,,Y
K,TiO . K-ISO,,., Na. TiO Na, -SO t, Na._TiO~ Na.;.WO,, 1~.,TiO, K,~_WO-7,,
Na Ti6 Na,.Y.60,, KT1O_ - K.MoO_ stratification has been ascer-
tained over a wide range of concentrations. In the Na-systems strati-
fication regions are considerably wider than in the systems with K-salts.
In the systems of meta-titanates and meta-vanadates of Na andjC solid
phase of TiO., separates. The authors consider these system the in-
Card 1/2 -54-

L
USSR /Physical Chemistry. Crystpls. B-5
.kbs Jour Ref Zhur - Khimiya, No 8, 1957, 25o8i
Autho r A.L. Khodakov, M.L. ERiololkhovocb, Yr.G. Fesen-ko, O.P. Komarov
Title MonoCr`y3tals of Strontium Titanite.
Ori.- Pub Zh. tekhn. fiziki, 1956, 26, No 11, 2505 - 2507
Abstract The monocrystals of SrTiO (I) were prepared by crystalli-
zation 1) in a solution o? I in the melt of potassium fluo-
ride and, 2) in a solution of I in the melt of a mixture of
P _f Co Crystals prepa-
6o mol. d of Na2CO -t 40 mol. /I of K2 3'
red by the 1st me!2od are quite transparent, of light yellow
color and are confined within faces (100] , the edges being 1
mm lone:; the structure is that of perovskite with ideal cu-
cells; the refraction index is 2.35, the x-ray density is
5.12., the picknometerdensity is about 5.0. Crystals prepa-
red by the 2nd method are less transparent of a smoky color,
the prevailing faces are ~1003 and f1113 , and they contain uD
to 0.7% of Fe; their x-ray density is 5.14. The dielectric
properties of both these kinds are somewhat different.
Card
-A
PL
Lj O.P.
CARD Z11G.3 KRAM-~'Ro'lof the
-FES F'jMO ...'Perties
U L 1 .1 Stron+,ium
OGROVICI * * and OPt""Iauate an
USSIL F"ISICS SOL ielectric ...jum Tit
SUBjECT cliOD00 I k, L, ? and the 1) tions of
Vroduct'ouf solid Solu
gGTROR The tals 0
T-ITLE lAonocrys ,5_,28 (1956) 'Ires of
tauate. Y 1081 1956 of the Mix"t
T
i iklrsd~ llau~j --jeWed 8 solutions of the
DOkl re"
O-DICItL 1' 6 / 1956 from oration ub-
PF'RI p xib 3.,tinum bowlsfluoriae by eVaP ad by 8
otassitIm solid Solutions ai tious. ke
bred in P li4ifice. tom
were titanate in p ture of the eta SO a
'OnocTysta )er of comp! Surface Of tile y8mal
The Strontium tion teml erature atiou I-P Olyther
jum- and stalliza to the telul) 'Sta I Z 0 by the Visue,
bar T, the cry r, .& the cr~ A100 the system
latter t aSlow cooling dow serve inea UP to juce& in retained
a there
sequen this metho 1" was e%am tious Pro( and S
. for 'Whi 0 solid solu -Derature surface
a bas's -BaTio', of the -;OOM te- the
-F _ SrTi 03- series ,e& 11P to Therefore phasest
contiuuollls Se fluoride. f two
o is COU LSSjuIU . ts only 0 li-
m tho&. The '. 0 at 1350 in -pot, cous'-s
e qrTi 3 &issolve& Of the crystal
-BaTiO 3 - also when system 112"Z BaT103 small 'Part Sr)TiO 1 'Which
t change -a Of the h Or jes a very OUS (,Bp,- 310V to
ithou + ,cup Oluti
StELIIIZ5 'j0 -ride y %hic 0 the Solid 8 are light yel
Of Cry ass am fluo SyStelui and f .The crystals
of Pot of the -fBtem
I.e. A' ac P, t of the S'
Ujug par -a si7,e-
sat On sur' to mm
+'he rema
tak.e up olored and 'uP
ciuuaMOU c ---I on Don, _"'L1 -, Research of the

_4
A
857. PREPARAT or SP-r-il'a
;P:l AND PROP,11.1VIES
OF 'KU'M'~Ob ILL, OF.DAMIAwID LF-4p ATR
!ffn -
.017SINGLE'CRYSTAMOF LEAD TffANATE,,
.qU, OP Kramarryr and A.L ,Khod-&,ov.
ad. Nauk ESSR, Vol, IIIX. in Russian..
Melting'Isothernis in the KV-13ATIO -PbTIO, system were
determLaed up to -,9500 2r4 conditfoalRor gro"g UWL-Ae crys-
tale studied. The largest W2Lned Nvere brown-coloured Irregular
cubes of'u~tq I rnmed;ge. Some of the S=ller crystals produced
were bright yellaw and well formed, Loss of PW and PbTJO, by
volatilization was troubl,,surne and & viscous flux Pb(POJ, rw
-so as to reduce it. Meltinj curves for tbis with FIYTi% and
PbTIO . PbO both shoved.minima near 90 mol.% Pb(Bo,',- and
640C Vell formed br*t yellow PbTiOz' crystils, 14LM'cubes'
density 7.3 g1ca?, refractive lnde--r 2.71,wero grwvn. The Curie
point of a crystal grown irow a KF-fluxed'5a, BaTiO, 50% PbTIO
�r,-
melt was igOPC, which 14 comparison with polycrystallire specl-
tnens suggested a-PbT()2 Coftt'~nf ~f rflas difference In
composition of-iniWd melt and cryatal was ascribed to loss by,
voLitilizItion.,iAt25",Cdtel6ctricceit-a~,ints-ia28o. Structureat
20'10 was perd-mkiw, type with a ta 3.,965 c 4.037A,
C H 1. Goog,

8/564
/57/QPO/000/02 2%.~*'
'
*
D256/D307.
-

AUTHORS: -L.-Sholokhovich
Khodakovp A. I I-M. Lt Fesenko,
Ye. G.
and Kram~ C

TITLE: bric-and optical
Preparation and dielec4*
properties of single crystals of the.solid
solutions (Ba-Sr). TiO
3

LA SOURCE: Rost kristalloy;--doklady na Pervom soveshchanit".,
stu _V
kristall:ov* 1956 M scow, Isd o
po ro

294e-304'
AN SSSRt 1957t

TMIT: TiO
Monocrystals of BaTiO SrTiO and. VM-Sr
3 3 3

trom'95
-in view:
-grown-from
melts
to'50,BaTiO were
3)
-
Ant ~ett
of the theoretical and practicaX' erest~_of.theee Beign
'

electric
d - on. the,*--study: of the.
This~ methodAb*-.ba e
materials. 6
-stud ed u, to
K F 'i bj- the, authors
2 2 BaTiO SrTiO syst'em, P.
.3, 3~ .
:Gard, 1/2
v

'tric permeabi;ity'and the loss angle at temperatures from
-1800 to +150 C showed that the dielectric properties of
(Ba-Sr)TiO crystals change considerably with temperature#
similarly to BaTiO furthermore, prior to thermal treatmentg.
3;
the monocrystals exhibited only weak seignettoelectric prop8rtied:
but became typical seignettoelectrics after heating at 1350 00
X-ray and optical examination showed the solid solution crystals:.-I.
to be almost ideally cubic, anisotropic, and those not subjected"
to heat treatment contained domains at.temperatures considerably..'.4
above which the dielectric permeability reached a maximum..::%
The
omain s.-. There are
structure disappeared.at:;~higher temperature
d
figures and-4 tabless
ASSOCIATION: NIPMI pri Rostovskom n/D Goeudardtvenno
universitete,;, (NIF1,11,:: Rostov-on-.Don: Statd
University)

Vv)
SUBJECT i USSR/Luatineseence 48-3-!/,26
AUTHORS: Novosilltsev, N.S., Khodakov, A.L., Sholokhovich, M.L.,
Fesenko, Ye.G. and Kramarov, O.P#
TITLE: The Cultivation and Investigation of Ferroelectric Monocrystals
(Vyrashchivaniye i issledovaniye monokristallov segneto-
elektrikov)
PERIODICAL: Izvestiya Akademii Nauk SSSR, Seriya fizioheakaya, 1957,Vol 21,
#3, pp 295-304 (USSR)
ABSTRACT: The Scientific Research Phyaico-Mathematical Institute at the
ROSTOV/DON State University has studied the interaction of
barium titanate, strontium titanate, lead titanate and lead
zirconate with a series of substances in the molten state, A
number of suitable salty solvents for the above mentioned sub-
stances and crystallization conditions have been established.
Several methods for cultivating crystals of barium and stron-
tium titanates and zirconates were applied:
a. Monocrystals of BaTiO and SrTiO were obtained out of
a molten mixture of sodium aad potassium carbonates and poly-
Card 1/4 crystallic barium and strontium titanates. These monocrystals

4' /26
TITLE: The Cultivation and Investigation of Ferroelectric Mono-
crystals (Vyrashchivaniye i iseledovaniye monokriatallov
segnetoolektrikov)
Thus BaTiO crystallization out of molten salts yielded va-
rious modiPications of crystals with anomalous ferroelectric
properties. By varying temperature conditionst it was
possible to grow crystals with different values of the c/a
ratio, including non-ferroelectric crystals.
It was later discovered that these crystals can be carried
through the whole series of states by means of thermal
treatment,
Monocrystals of SrTiO 3 were obtained by two methodst
1. Out of a molten mixture of polycrystallic SrTiO 3 with
potassium fluoride, and
2. Out of a molten mixture of polycrystallic SrTiO 3 with
50 % of sodium carbonate + 50 % of potassium carbonate.
The monocrystals obtained by these two methods differed in
their dielectric properties,
Monocrystals of solid solutions of the (Ba,Sr)TiO 3 type were
obtained out of corresponding mixtures of barium and stron-
Card 3/4 tium titanates and molten potassium fluoride. Dielectric

SUBJECT: USSR/Lumineacezice 48-3-2/26
AU7HORS.- Fesenko Ye.G., Kramarov O~P, Khodakov A.L.and Sholokhovich M.L.
TITLE- Some Peculiarities of Monocrystals of PbTiO and Monocrystals
of Solid Solutions (Ba,Pb)TiO (Nekotoryye 9sobennosti mono-
kristallov PbTiO i monokriatillov tverdykh rastvorov (Ba,Pb)
TiO 3)~ 3
PERIODICALt Izvestiya Akademii Nauk SSSR, Seriya fizicheskaya, 1957,Vol 21,
#39 pp 305-31u (USSR)
ABSTRACTz The authors obtained various monocrystals of solid solutions of
the(Ba,Pb)TiO 3 type containing different ratios of components.
Monocrystals of PbTiO were obtained out of a molten mixture of
sodium silicates and Lad metaborate.
All crystals belonged to the perovskite structural type with
tetragonal cells, Spontaneous deformation increased with the
increase of the lead content. The temperature course of the
parameters of PbTiO_ and kBa,Pb)TiO 3 is evidence of the pre-
sence of the phase iransition of the first kind.
The presence of domain structure was established for crystals
Cart 1/2

G-3
WSS,R/ElectricitY - SemiConduCto~~S
Abs Jour Referat Zhur - Fizil~2-) No 5~ 10157, 121414
Author Khoaakov, A.L., Sholoj~hovic,-t, M.L.., FesenkO.Y6~G-.,.
Kranarov, O~P.
Inst Z - s of solid solutions of Barium
Title : Production of Single C-.Iystal
and Strontium Tjtanate~, and Their Dielectric and Optical
Properties.
Dokl~ AN ss--,R, 1956, 108, No 5, 825
orie Pub -B23
Abstract Report on the producta-01a and investigation Of single cry'-
tals of solid solutions of barium 8Md ctj:,Ortium titanates-
- own from soliztions of mixtures
The single crystAIs welr~ 9r potassium fluoride by
of barium and strontium titanate in ization temperature
evaporating the latter at the cryst-8-11 g to the
of the solid solution with subsequent sluw coolin
temperature of total solidification.
A study was made of the structure of the single
card 1/2
~~SSR/Electricity - Semiconductors G-3
Abs Jour Ref Zhur - Fizika, ljo 5;, 1957, 12144
crYst8,ls, and of their optical and electrical- properties.
After heat treating at a temperature of 13500 for two
hours, the single crystals with variOu6 contents of bari-
um titanate and strontium titanate displayed the follo-
wing ferroelectric properties: the characteristic depen-
dence (with maximum) of the dielectric constant ( ', ) on
the temperature, and the nonlinear dependence of the pola-
rization on the electric field intensity. Using a polari-
zatiOn microscope, the regions of spontaneous po
were observe larization
_d. The may-ima of cS were observed at the same
temperatures, as in PolYcrystalline specimens of the cor-
responding solid solution. r
--. At low frequencies 50 -_ 106
cycles), a frequency dependence of zE was observed, but it
vanished after heat treatment.
On the basis of the electric., optical, and X-ray data,
it is concluded that the investigated specimens represent
single crystals of a continuous series of solid solutions.
Caxd 2/2

Producti(~n of Mono-Cry3talS of Lead Metatitanate From 78 - 31--r5-27/39
PbO-B20 3- fi02 -Lie 1 t
melts [50",' PbO + 50Y6 B20 RO-;/,, PbTiO3] - [-JO,2' P-1-10
+ %,? 0/ - 40~b' U5~-O' NO + 1,S' Ti021
B2 31 J
The easy solubility of PtTiO n the melt of PbO.B,)O-,,
the read crystallizability ~tirelat4 rely low tc.,,pcr.'_~
y re,
and t' 11 ..
he transparency of the crystals)as well as th~
relatively low electric, conducti.vity of PbTiO ) ore to
recommendthiB manner cf production from the P(0-33~)07-TiO
2
_;ystem.
There are 5 figures, 2 tables, and 110 referencez7,. 8. of
which are Sovier,
SUB1,11ITTIO: 1.'ay 3, 1957
AVAILY~31.,U; Library of CoiiUreos
r, n,, n
Card 2/2

?4(3),24(2)
AUTHORS: A. L.., Sh9lokhovich, M. L. SOV/48-22--12-8/33
TITLE: PreDaration and Diplectric Properties of Single Crystals From
Somc SoliJ Solutions of Titanate and Stannate of Barium
(Pol-achpniYe 'L dielektricheskiye svcystva monokristallov
i-Lek.,torykh t,,rerdykh rastv,,)r,),,,- 1--` tanata i stannata bariya)
PERIODICAL-, iziestiya Akademii nauk SSSR. Set-iya fizicheskaya, 1958,
..:7 92, Nr 112~ -1448 (USSR)
, PP 1445
ABSTRACT,- In preparatory works (Refs 7-9) the authors obtained sinale
.:r-,-tals cf solid (Ba-Sr)T_-0 - and "Ba-Pb)Tio 3- solutions.
3
Ti--- fi-rst attempts, h-_~Wever? to obtain single crystals of
?,&~T-~'O 3- BaSn,33pro,,ed to be considerably more difficult.
s-,Iu~,-ion ~f pctassium fluoride was used as a solvent to obtain
-.:~-Ystals )f isomorphous B,--T4-0 3_*BaSr_03mixtures. This was
don- basing on '.-he surfare invest-igat-J"on of the C-_rystallization
,~rr.ss se-,-_-~_'.on of K2F2-BaT-_-*0,_BaS-,0,, because a continuous
~crma+4.-~n of a number of so14-d BaTiO -BaSnO 3- solutions was
az,-.fi.-ta~_ned in +his prosess. Figure 11 sh-Iris a few crystallization
Card 1., 3 -es. The ex-*ster.,,,e of a phase of isomorphous BaTiO 3-BaSnO 3-

Preparati.'rl aliL PrDperties ~'f Single SOV/48-22-j2-8/33
Crystals F-Tom S,-,me S,:-12d Snlutiors of Titanata and Stannate of Barium
x i,'a re s n 1 -1
a frozen me!- was also confirmed by Ye. G. Fesenko
Lh th~_ a--*d of X-ray structural analysis. Tw-) series of
=Xz)er.'_ments were carr'; ed fut. in the first one, mixtures of
a.',rl S,-,') of diffe--enb :,jn-.~entratilons and previously
- 3
al, 1--00', were employc_~d as init.al material. In the
~--i~ond oeries of expeiiments, pre,.ricnasly prepared polycrystalline
BaT:10 -,-BaS-).O-solut-Lors of corresi)onding concentracion
3
'~Mp -yid, Data or. t-.:rystal's prepared are given in table 1.
li-ys%al -_,k-mposition ia~a a second 3er-es of
show how df f :!u_1 t the exchange of TiO
by SnO
2 2
a.-:J ih~ fi-rmation -,f s-.-L'-I.d Bal-PiO3 -BaSnO 3- solutions is. Athorough
-res",igat--l-n. ~,f the ren-.t_-'cn c-f BaTiO SnO is carried out.
3 2
any --rate, resalts ob~ainp_d s,-, far show that in the preparation
r,-cystal -_ -_.'L a czntilnuous series of solid BaTiO 3-BaSnO 3-
-h- 'RaSnO_,_.-;ontent of which exceeds 10-11%, an amount
-f* 5:-L(" 0 r e 1 r1g S 5c --*, c h- -.- me trj-*. -- a s SnO should be added to the
Card 21, 3 ' 2

PreparaFilon snd Properties :)f Single SOV/48-22-12-8/33
Crys~:-:.'-s 71-:7--m 'S~o--`-d of Titanate and Stannate of Barium
B P. T 11 0-.- S-0 --;-.-.xi:urcs. The dieileotric properties of the
3 2 '- '
obtalned won? MrIaSUIT(I rit i,-Jle Q-meter (Icumetr)
6 3
f ~- 10 t;ycles, aL th,, bridge at 10 cycles and at the
i-,nbalan,~ed aL 50 ciyclas. The reversible dielectric
was measured at f = 10 6 cycles and a 25 V am- I voltage
~lf the alterriating field. Osc-illrjgrams viere recorded in the
---ciial manners Dielectric parameters of the second experimental
contai r 4ng -t~.p 11~01 BaSnO , were not investigated.
The--'-r sma-1.1 extents cause additional difficulties. The authors
thank N. S. No-~-osilltsev for the interest displayed. There are
-4 2 tables, and 110 references, 9 of which are Soviet.
ASSOCIATION; f-'-Izi-k!:)--,matematichesk-*Ly institut pri
'.e (So-entific Research
gcs. uni~7-3rsite,
InstiI.LITe of Physics and 1-ilathematics at Rostov-ria-Donu State
Uni-fel:-S~ ty')
Card 13/3

2 At (2
TOP ~-h~ M. L.. Var~:!heva, V.I.
TL S: Sh,
U
TI'LE,,, T n I S 7,-, r, e PI-O - BaO - B 2 03 -
1 1 d:) v a Y E s I s t e w. Y Pb 0 B a 0 .. B 2 0 3
PERIODICAL-.- ~-I:ad~~mii. na-,k SSSR. Seriya fi,7icheskaya,
22. N- 2, PP 1-449-1,452 (USSR)
-22-12-9/33
SOV/48
TiO 2 System
- TiO 2)
1,9581
ABSTRACTf In t1r.e presen pacer the intera-.tion of lead- and barium
wi`h lead- and barium t-'- "anates Is investigated. The
a-a~h-i-s zan~'-sd to PxDlailr. the effe,,t of these borates on the
--d bai --tana'e and -=ad litanate solutions
Y -fum
14 4-y
--.d as,:-.ertaJ.n the posslb-~ _-f obtairZLng them in the form
U -
z- f i ~~ql' ry!z -1 a! -q f rr, m -;,-he respe-ttive melt. The PbO - TiO 2
c' " Pan syst-n,, In a. melt -4.s a complicatad 4-component system
3
;-=:~A- :~a-~ ~s --epresented graphff-oally as a tetrahedron. Data are
1n,::e:--n--g the sarfar.~~- ~,f the crystallization cross
D-o~-C~ PLO + 50~ B2 G-) - P'1,Ti*0'A - Ba.(B02)2 - BaHO 3
'ion
"-Js ~--utrahcdron. The ~rxast-gat was carried out, In a
Ca:.-6
/2 -~ru-:ibip, by employ-'-ng tha optical "polytherm-al" method.

n-..- f, J, T 301 01' 41h-_ _PbO - 1,1a.0 - 13,0 i0 S'y a L e mSOVAS-22-12-9
t - - /33
2

Ti 1, S 0 C JiflOO '-t Ad 2-4 nkc,- n-a-I "30rti onr. were
The arrangement of the section:3 is. shown in
f-4gnre I and the data an the sections and side faces in figures
2
~.-4. F-49ure 5 shows the dielectric constant course of
teziDerature and also the composition of the melt employed for
t;he nz=-Daration olP (Ba-Pb)T--O Table 2 contains data on
3
orystals. The formation of crystals was confirmed for each
sfngle case by Ye. G. Fesenko by means of X-ray structural
analysis. The crystals obtained have a Derfect shape. The
crystals from all the experiments were investigated after
annea,4_lg for 2 ho=,~ at 12000. Measurements ere made at the
Q-meter (kummetr) at a frequency of 10 cycles. The
auth,:-_-s'fhank N. S. Novosilltsev for the interest displayed,
There are 5 figures, 2 tables, and 'a references, 4 of which
are
ASSOCIATION: Nauchr.-,.-issledovate-.'sv--'Ly f-4zikc-matematicheskily institut pri
Rost-r-tskom-na-Donu gos. urif-_-rersitete (Scientific Physico-
Nlathemat-ica'. Research Institute at Rostov-na-Donu State
Uni-ers. Y)
Card 2/2

SOV/70-4-1-18/26
AUTHORS- Novosil'tsev, N.S. (Deceased), nodakov, A.K....Sholokhovich
m.L,, Fesenko, Ye.G. and Kramarov, O.P.
TITLE: Experimental Work on Growing Single Crystals of Ferro-
electrics (Opyt raboty po vyrashchivaniyu monolcristallov
segne-lu-oelektrikov)
PERIODICAL-. Kristallograftya, 1959, Vol 4, Nr 1, pp 101 - 108 (USSR)
ABSTRACT: Genural roview of work on (13a, Pb)(Ti, Zr)O 3 ferro-
electrics,, There is a considerable difference between
the observed and calculated densities of perovskite
ceramics indicating disordered regions between domains,
Colour and electrical conductivity are also variable,
AtteMDtS were made to grow SrTiO 3 *by the Verneuil process
but complications due to the formation of the hexagonal
phase occurred and iowered permittivity. Growth from
the melt has also been tried using an arc furnace but
difficulties with oxygen deficiency and the metastable
hexagonal phase again arose, Remejka (Ref 46) reDorted
ullat the r-,resen,-,e of iron oxide hindered the formation
Cardl/3 of oxygen defects but only 1.5% ferrate in BaTiO gave
0 3

SOV/70-4-1-18/26
Experimental Work on Growing Single Crystals of Ferroelectrics
a hexagonal structure, In 1956, zone refining was tried
very successfully, crystals greater than 1 cm being
obtained but attention has turned to the use of crystals
with artificially introduced disordering. It was found
in 1951-2 that appropriate thermal treatment could
restore BaTiO3 with poor permittivity curves to the proper
state and the composition to the equilibrium value. In
1915, it was found that foreign atoms could alter the
temperature variation of physical properties and solid
solutions of BaTiO -BaSnO -BaZrO3 were studied, Because
of applications to memory devices, the interest in single
crystals and their electrical properties increased, Melts
of KF were used for obtaining crystals of (Ba.Pb)TiO
3
and (Sr,Ba)TiO Dielectric properties have been
3* 6 -
measured at from 50 to 10 c/s, including recording of the
hysteresis loop under various conditions, Linear expansion
Card2/3

SOV/?0-4-1-18/26
Experimental Work on Growing Single Crystals of Ferroelectrics
coefficients have been measured as has the dependence
of Curie point on composition. A volume jump at the
Curie Doint can be shown dilatometrically, X-ray
measurements for (Bac).9,1 Pb 0.5 )TiO3single crystals gave
a = 3.965, c = 4.03? 1 and c/n = 1.018 at 20 0C~
Twinning has been studied optically and supercooling at
the transition through the Curie point has been shown.
Cinematogrgphic records of jump-like. transitions (at
about ~00 C) taking 0.1 to 0.4 see at a rate of heating
of 2-4 /miR have been made. The changes in-domain
structure in electric fields have been followed.
There are 3 figures a-ad 48 references', 44 of which are
Soviet, 2 English, 1 Dutch and 1 international,
ASSOCIATION-. Rostovskiy-na-Donu
Universit-.y)
SUBMITTED., De-1'ember ?, 1958
gos. universitet (Rostov--_.~a-Dcr.-n;
11
\.Jard 3/3

85007
AUTHORS: Khodakov, A.
TITLE: Monocrystals
PERIODICAL: Izvestiya Akademii
Vol. 24, No.
S/048/60/024/Olo/ol6/033
B013/w63
L., and Sholokhovich, M. L.
-V;)
T aSn~Ool~utions
of Solid B~aiO_.~-B -3
3 =_ -
nauk SSSR. Seriya fizicheskaya, 19609
10, pp. 1238 - 1241
TEXT: Experiments conducted for obtaining monocrystals of solid
BaTiO,,_BaSH9, solutions from different molten media are described. It
was found to bl' possible to obtain the said monocrirstals with a high
BaSnO3 content from KF-BaTiO -BaSnO 3 melts. These monocrystals are
easier to produce when nonannealed BaCO 3 and SnO 2 are used. The authors
succeeded in obtaining monocrystals of solid BaTiO 3-BaSnO3 solutions
with a BaSnO 3 content of up to 13~- Experiments were made with the ad-
dition of Fe20 3 in order to obtain lamellar crystals. It was found that
Card 1/3

85007
Monocrystals of Solid BaTiO 3-BaSnO3 S/048/6 0/024/010/016/033
Solutions B013/BO63
the formation of lamellar crystals is dependent on the cooling condi-
tions and concentration of the melts, but is not dependent on the
presence of Fe203 impurities in the solution. Every set exhibits dif-
ferent values of the dielectric parameters, which can be explained by
different crystal growth conditions. The characteristics shown in
Figs. 1-3 are, however, typical. As may be seen from Fig.1, the depen-
dence of the dielectric constant of BaTiO 3-BaSnO3 on the field strength
of the alternating field iz~ much more marked than is the case with
BaTiO3 crystals. Also the dependence of the reverse dielectric constant
on the magnitude of the constant displacement field is more marked in
them than it is in BaTiO 3 crystals. For the practical use of piezoelec-
tric materials, an important factor is the change of their capacity
with a change of the alternating voltage and simultaneous effect of the
displacing constant field. These dependences are given in Fig.2. The
hysteresis loops exhibit an ordinary form. At the Curie point they pass
over to a straight line. Fig.3 shows the values of the reverse dielec-
tric constant at different points of the hysteresis loops for crystals
Card 2/3

L 1:0042-63 -EWT(1)APF(n)-2/EWP(q)/EWT(m)/BDS/T-2/EEC(b)-2/F.S(s)-2-4SD/
AM ~-/EW--3/SSD--Pu4t/Pt-4--ijP(C)/GG/WH
ACCESSION NR: AR3000363- s[0O5816310O01O04-1EO541EO-5Ax
SOURCE: M. Fizika, Abs. 4E368
AUTHCR: SholoRhovich, M. Lq Khodakov~ A. L.; Lezgintseva) T. N.
Varicheva
TITIE: New ferroelectrics with large nonlinearity
CITED SOURCE: Sb. Segnetoelektriki. Rostav-na-Donu, Rostovsk. un-t, 1961,
1F-20
TOPIC TAGS: Ferroelectrics, haffnium-dcped, dielectric properties, production
techniques
TRANSLATION: The dielectric characteristics and the electric conductivity SigMa
of solid solutions of Ba (Ti, Hf) 0 6"It 3, containing up to 25 molar percent of
Ba. Hf 0 sub 3 have been investigated. The ceramic specimens were prepared in
accordance with the usual technology, using triple annealing at 100, 1450, and
1500 degrees C, with the duraticn of the annealing at 1000 C ano=ting to 20
Card 1/

L 10042-63
ACCESSION NR: AR~000161
hours, but even under these conditions the specimens which contained more than
5% of Ba Hf 0 sub 3 were quite porous. Measurements made on single crystals
obtained in the form of plates 80 - 500 microns thick from a melt of Ba Ti 0 sub
3, Ba C 0 sub 3, and Hf 0 sub 2 in KF have shown that the Curie temperature
decreces lineally with increasing content of Ba Hf 0 sub 3. The maximum value
of Epsilon is observed for e. composition containing 6 molar percent of Ba Hf 0
sub 3. At roan temperature, tg Delta of single crystals of the investigative
materials ranges from 003 to 0.07. The -ratio of Epsilon at the Curie.point to
Epsilon at room tempera e reaches 20-30. No such increase in Epsilon is
observed in the ceramickspecimens. qmell amounts of Ba Hf 0 sub 3 influence
noticeably the nial properties of the solid solutions. At a frequency of
50 cps, Epsilon increases with increasing field by more than 200 times, and it
may reach 100,000 at a field E equals 0.6 kv/cmj'with the increase of Epsilon
being accompanied by an increase of tg Delta, which goes through a maximum at
approxirmtely 1 kv/cm with increasing E, after which it decreases and reached
0.2. In the region of weak fields, the coefficient of reversible nomeniality of
the single crystals af Ba (Ti Hf) 0 sub 3 is much higher than in .5olid solutions
Ba (Ti 6n) 0 sub 3. The hysteresis loops of these single crystals are
rectangular and reach saturation even at fields off 5 kv/cm. An anomaly is
observed in the teiq)erature variation of Si~m for most crystals near the Curie
Card 21X

85008
S/048/60/024/010/017/035
B013/BO63
AUTHORS: Sholokhovich. M. L. and Fesenko
I
TITLE: PrevAration and Structure of Crystalst-f Some Lead-con-
iaining Ferroelectric Substances and Their Solid Solutions
PERIODICAL: Izvestiya Akademii nauk SSSR. Seriya fizicheskaya, 1960,
Vol. 24, No. 10, pp. 1242 - 1246
TEXT: The authors describe their attempt to obtain monocrystals of
solid solutions of PbTiO' PbZrO _V f FIX-b-OArystalog and of solid so-
lutions of PbTiO 3-PbNb206 from their solutions in PbO-B 203 melts. The
authors applied the method described in Refs. 1-4. Fig.1 shows the
crystallization surface of the section [5OPbO + 50 B 2031 -PbTiO 3-PbZrO3
which was studied up to 1000 0C. From some melts of the section examined
the authors obtained monocrystals of solid solutions of Pb(Ti,Zr)O 3
with a PbZrO3 content of up to 13.Vo. The shape of the gold-yellow,
Card 1/4

85008
Preparation and Structure of Crystals of Some S/048/60/024/010/017/033
Lead-containing Ferroelectric Substances and B013/BO63
Their Solid Solutions
transparent crystals differed according to the conditions of crystalli-
zation, and exhibited, above all, hexahedral plates and cubes. X-ray
structural analyses showed that they belong to the perovskite type with
a tetragonal cell. Type of structure, symmetry, and parameters were de-
termined by mean3 of powder patterns. The dependence of the parameters
on the concentration is illustrated in Fig.2. These data agree with
those obtained for the corresponding polycrystalline solid solutions
(Ref-5). The refractive index determined by immersion amounts to 2.72
for all crystals examined. The Curie points were found with the help
of a polarization microscope. It was found that monocrystals of lead
metaniobate may be obtained from its solutions in PbO-B 203 melts. Fig.3
shows the surface of the primary crystallization of the system
PbO-B203-Nb2059 which was studied up to 11000C. When the melts finally
solidify, only lead metaniobate and lead borate glasses crystallize.
The crystals obtained showed piezoelectric properties only after a heat
treatment of three and a half hours at 13000C. Their dielectric proper-
ties.vre studied by A. L. Khodakov (Fig-4). Fig.5 shows the fusibility
Card 2 4

85ooB
Preparation and Structure of Crystals of Some S/048J60/024/010/017/033
Lead-containing Ferroelectric Substances and B013/BO63
Thoir Solid Solutions
diagram of the system ~50/. PbO -f 50~- 132031 -PbNb206- PbTiO 3 2which was
0 -
studied up to 1000 C. The X-ray structural analtsis of the crystals
that were subjected to a heat treatment at 1300 C has shown that within
a wide concentration range (from PbNb 206 to 90% PbTiO3 and above) there
is a continuous series of solid solutions which do not belong to the
perovskite type. Heat treatment changes the structure of the crystals.
It is assumed that there is a transition from rhombohedral PbNb 206 to
the modification described in Refs. 8 and 99 namely, rhombic Pbffb 206*
The measurement of.crystals that did not undergo a heat treatment
showed a monotonic change of the parameters of rhombohedral PbNb 206
with an increase of concentration of PbTiO 3* The authors thank
A. L. Khodakoy for his interest in the work. The present paper was read
at the Third Ccnference on Piezoelectri ity, which took place in Moscow
from January 25 to 30, 1960. There are 5 figures and 9 references:
4 Soviet.
Card 3/4

85008
Preparation and Structure of Crystals of Some S/046/60/024/010/017/033
Lead-containing Ferroelectric Substances and BO13/Bo63
Their Solid Solutions
ASSOCIATION: Fiziko-matematicheskiy nauchno-isaledovatel9skiy institut
pri Rostovskom-na-Doriu gos.universitete (Scientific
Research Institute of Physics and-Mathematics of
Rostov-na-Donu State Universit
Card 4/4

7F00
S/196/62/000/008/005/017
En4/E135
AUTDORS: Sholokhovich, 14I.L., and Khodah,.ov, A.L.
TITLE: and properties of single crystals of the
solid solutions BaTi03 and BaSn03 and of single
crystals of PbTi03
PERIODICAL: Referativnyy zhurnal, Elektrotelchnika i energetika,
no.8, 1962, 6, abstract 8 B29. (Rost. kristallov
(Growth of Crystals), -. 3, M. I AN SSSR, 1961,
463-467. Discussion, 501-502).
'TEXT: By investigating a part of the crystallisation
surface of the system K2F2-BaTi03-BaSnO3 and of the evolved
solid phases, a possibility was established of obtaining
BaTi03-BaSr'03 single crystals from XF melts, The dielectric
characteristics of the crystals were measured and it was
established that their ferro-electric properties uere more
pronounced than those of corresponding ceramic compounds. They
have a greater degree of non-linearity; 6 grows faster with
Thin single crystals in the shape of square plates of'
Card 1/2
7

21515
,?,JI300 (2&V,5j
AUTHORS:
//570 113
Khodakov, A.L. and Sholokhovich- M.L.
S/139/61/000/002/Olo/018
E021/E435
TITLE: Preparation and Dielectric Properties of Single
Crystals of Solid Solutions of Lead Metaniobate
Pb(T103_ZrO3) and Crystals of Solid Solutions of
Lead Metaniobate and Lead Titanate
PERIODICAL: Izvestiya vysshikh uchebnykh zavedeniy, Fizika,
1961, No.2, pp.85-91
TEXT: Melts of the PbO-B203 system were used as solvents for
preparation of the crystals. Molar quantities of PbO and B203
were taken, and mixtures of PbO, TiO2 and Zr02 of given
concentrations added. Single crystals of solid solutions of.
PbTiOg and PbZr03 were grown in this way containing 1.4, 1.7
3.2, .4, 7.0 and 13.9% PbZr03- The composition was determined
by X-ray spectrographic analysis. The crystals were gold-yellow
in colour and were 6-sided platelets, cubes or intermediate forms.
The size was up to 4 mm. The colour darkened with increase of
PbZr03- A 24% mixture of 50% PbO and 50% Kb205 was added to the
PbO;B203 melt, heated to 1100*C, held for 7 hours and cooled to
500 C at 20OC/hour. The furnace was then switched off.
Card 1/6

21515
S/139/61/000/002/Olo/018
Preparation and Dielectric ... E021/E435
Crystals of PbNb206 were obtained which were light yellow in
colour. They were transparent 6-sided-or right-angled platelets.
Various forms were obtained and a photograph shows some of these
forms, Single crystals of solid solutions of PbT'03 and
PbNb206 containing 25,*50, 75 and 90% PbT103 were prepared by
heating PbTi03 and PbNb206 in PbO and B20~ to 10000C, holding
for 3 to 7 hours and cooling to 6000C at 20 C/hour. - The crystals
had a transparent orange-colour and were 3-sided plates 0f--3 mm.
The solidification surface for the PbTiO3-PbNb2O5-(50%PbO + 50%B209
system is given in Fig.2. Measurements of the dielectric
constant and the loss factor were made on the solid solutions.
Fig.4 ghows the relation between e and tg 6 and temperature
(at 10 c.p.s.) for the solid solution containing 3.2% PbZr03-
The small addition of PbZr03 has no effect on the dielectric
properties and the crystals possess large tg 6 values. The curie
point for different contents of PbZr03 was as follows3
Card 2/6

21515
Preparation and Dielectric
S/139/61/000/002/olo/ol8
E021/E435
% PbZr03 OC
0 490
0.9 489
1.5 487
2.0 485
3.2 483
Fig.5 shows the relationship between electrical conductivity.
and temperature for the solid solution containing 3.2% PbZr03-
The conductivity sharply increases with temperature, the crystal
behaving as a semiconductor. The following conclusions are
arrIved at. 1. In using melts of the B203-PbO system as
solvents, single crystals of the solid solutions Pb(T103 -Zr03)
containing up to 1.39% PbZr03 were obtained for the first time-.
2. Single crystals of PbNb206 were obtained with side lengths
of up to 5 mm, 3. For the first time single crystals of the
solid solutions PbT!03-PbNb2O6 containing 25, 50, 75 and*
Card 3/6

21515
S/139/61/000/002/010/018
Preparation and Dielectric E021/E435
90% PbTiO were obtained. The dielectric properties were
studied o? single crystals of Pb(Ti-Zr)O and it was established
that slight additions of PbZrO do not Lve any influence on the
dielectric propert4fs, as can L seen from Fig.4, and the crystals
have high tg 6 val*1'6',jy'.- 5. The electric conductivity of
Pb(Ti-Zr)03 cryst~ils""increases strongly with increasing
temperature they h9ve a semiconductor behaviour.
6. The dielectrit,"properties of PbNb206 single crystals were
studied and it was found that appropriate heat treatment
transformed these into the ferroelectric modification. There are
6 figures, 2 tables and 10 references: 4 Soviet and 6 non-Soviet.
ASSOCIATIONi Rostovskiy-na-Donu gosuniversitet
(Rostov-on-Don State University)
SUBMITTED: May 3, 196o
Card 4/6

Preparation and Dielectric ...
Fig.2.
Card 5/6
S/139/61/000/002/Olo/ol8
E021/E435
fl- N
00 (4 aj - /V01 (16)',
[75 % PA TiO;;?S X PM,0,1: [?3 I.N., 0,:7S.~MX1, 0,/
I

Preparation and Dielectric ...
21515
-q/l3q/6i/oOo/COq-/OlO/Ol8
19 ~/O-4

0
5009 200
0, m
7-

5000 /50

4 1490
1400

J-n
I Ile
12 0 290 jag
Fig.4. Fig-5.
Card 6/6

30551
7 9 e 61 Y3, S/564/61/003/000/027/029
IS-.21156 D207/D304
AUTHORS- Sholokhovich, M. L., and Ehodakov, A. L.
TITLE. Preparation and properties of BaTiO 3 - BaSnO3 solid-
solution monocrystals and of PbTiO 3 monocrystals
SOURCE-, Akademiya nauk SSSR. Institut kristallografti. Rost
kristallov, v. 3, 1961, 463-467
TEXT.- The authors describe the preparation of thin monocrystalline
plates of BaTiO 3 - BaSnO 3 solid solutions and of PbTi03 by cooling
suitable welts. Perroelectric properties (nonlinearity, rapid rise of
permittivity at the Curie point, strong temperature dependence of per-
mittivity) were much more marked in monocrystals than in ceramic
BaTiO 3 - BaSnO3 solid solutions. Two other series of experiments were
carried out using charges consisting, apart from K-F of BaTiO3 + Sn
2-2' 02
Card 1/3

3C551
S/56 61/003/000/'027/029
Preparation and properties... D207~D304
mixture (fired first at 12000C) or of BaC03 + Ti02 + SnO2 mixture
(fired first at 1200 0C). These two series of experiments were not sur-
c-~!ssful in producing monocrystalline plates. PbTi03 plates were groyn
from a mixture containings 2 parts PbO + 2 parts TiO 1 part, PbTiO 0
2 3
Ths best thermal cycle for preparing plate-shaped monocrystals was.
heating for 5 hours until 9600C was reached; keeping at 950 0C for 20
hours; cooling to 6000 C at 15 - 20 deg/hour. Monocrystals were separated
out by washing in nitric acid. They were six-sided or square plates
(3 - 4 mm sides and 100~k thickness) and many of them were of the mone-
domain t-
ypeo They were light yellowg transparent and had a refractive
index of 2.71 . Their crystal structure vas tetragonal per3vskits. The
room temperatjire permittivity (,C_ - 80) of plates was lower than that of
PbTi03 ceramics or cubic monocrystals; this was probably due to prs-
dominance of c-domains since permittivity is low along the c-axis. At
room temperature the tg cS of plates vas 0.055 (compared -with tg cS
= 0.300 for cubic monocrystals) and the losses rose more slowly, with
Card 2/3

30551
S/564/61/003/000/027/029
Preparation and properties ... D207/D304
temperature than in monocrystalline cubes. There are 4 figures and 9
Soviet-bloc references.
11~
Card 3/3

21340
W) 0 1111~ A5 1160 S/.078/61/006/004/014/018
B107/B218
AUTHORS: Sholokhovich, M L. Varicheva, V. I.
TITLE% The reaction in the system PbO- Nb 205- B203and in the cut
(50% PbO + 50% B203) - PbNb20 6- PbTiO3
PERIODICAL: Zhurnal neorganicheskoy khimii, v. 6, no. 4, 1961, 944-947
TEXT: The melting processes in the system PbO -Nb 20 5-B203 were studied
up to about 20 mole~a of Nb 20 5(Fig. 2); besides, the authors investigated
the out (50% PbO +50% B2 03 ) -PbNb2 06 - PbTiO3in the corner
(50% PbO+ 50% B 20 3) (Fig- 3). The phases of this system cafi be important
because of their piezoelectric properties. The initial substances were:
PbO for analysis, chemically pure B 2031 TiO2for analysis, Nb 20 5 with a
degree of impui-ity of about 2 %, including 1.1 % of Ta 205' X-ray analysis
was conducted by Ye. G. Fesenko, and tests for piezoelectric properties
Card 1/5

2134o
S/07 61/006/004/014/018
The reaction in the system... B107YB218
were carried out by A. L. Khodakov. From the system PbO -Nb 20 5-B20 3P 13
cuts were studied. In the region of high content of B20 3) the system
separates into component parts. The melts solidify in the form of glass.
The major part of the system is occupied by the crystallization surface of
lead metaniobate. Two more phases of the side system PbO -Nb 205 (A and B)
do not remain stable in the ternary system, but decompose already at low
temperatures (Ri 5880C, R2 7300C). During solidification of the melt,
PbNb 0 6 single crystals form in glass which may be removed by nitric acid.
In tKis way, single crystals with an edge of 0.5 cm were obtained. These
crystals adopt piezoelectric pro erties when heated at 13000C for 3.5 hr.
Studies of the cut (50% PbO + 50WB20-j) - PbNb206 - PbTi03 disclosed an un-
interrupted series of mixed crystals between PbTiO 3 and PbNb206' These
rhombic, imperfect crystals of the perovskite type are not piezoelectric.
Only after heating at 13000C for 6 to 9 hr the mixed crystals 75% PbNb 206+
25% PbTiO 3 and 50% PbNb 206+ 50% PbTiO became piezoelectric. There are
3 figures and 16 references: 4 Sovie~-bloc. The two references to
Card 2/5

S/078/61/006/004/014/016
The reaction in the system... B107/B218
English-language publications read as follows: R. S. Roth. J. Res. Nat.
Bur. Stand. 62, 2925 (1959); E- C. Subbarao. J. Amer. Ceram. Soo., 42,
448 (1959).
SUBMITTED: March 14,
V
Card 3/5

The reaction in the system...
Card 5/5
41340
S/078/61/006/004/014/018
B107/B218
f7s % Phu, Zj% pbuspj P14 PITLOI -.75'h9bNOZO51
[10 PbR03 +30%pbNalall
PM03
Mon. 0/4
Pile.

7 C)O
4 1/002/01 1 102 7
4/B
4/
AUTHORSi Khodakov~ L., and Sh,,-,', :-~'no, L.
TITLEt FerroalectrIc mor;-:icrystalo wi,:h zi~,--ilneari ties
PERIODICAL; IIJ-.ademiya naik SSSR. Dok-adv, 2, -1196.", 3-za-341
TEXT: A pot.assium fluoride sol-vent. was -aii"-d ic g-r,,,vv ferroelectric,
monoorystala from compo8itions which -nere solid z~olu*'-Jons of BaTiO 3and
BaHfO 3. Conce~ntration of the component!3 and fempera-ture conditions were
determined from data on the system K 2F2-BaTiO.-BaH.fO,. The monocrystals
Ware grown in a closed platinum dish, placed ~n an electric furnace. The
thickness of the resultIng plazes range