SCIENTIFIC ABSTRACT SHIVRIN, O.N. - SHIYAN, V.G.

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: Scientific Abstracts
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP86-00513R001549620007-7
• Release Decision: RIF
• Original Classification: S
• Document Page Count: 100
• Document Creation Date: November 2, 2016
• Document Release Date: August 23, 2000
• Sequence Number: 7
• Publication Date: December 31, 1967
• Content Type: SCIENTIFIC ABSTRACT

S/137/60/()00/011/028/043
A006/AO01
Roentgenographical investigation of Surface Cold Hardness- Arising During the
Turning of Steel
closely connected with the process of the arising of stresses of the second order;
If any of the cutting parameters changes, the curves showing the changes of stres-
ses of the first and second order, are almost parallel. The presence of high
stresses of the first order in the surface layer can be explained by the con-
siderable strengthening of tle latter and the particular nature of the strained
state in the layer determined by the penetration of roentgen rays into the metal.
This state possesses the nature of oriented stresses of the second order. There
are 21 references.
I.K.
Translator's note: This is the full translation of the original Russian abstract.
Card 2/2

32-8-22/61
Utilization of Fiotometric X-Fay Photograph Curves by the !rG:t!,r-(1 or AX.,coxL-,i"jn!j.
this paper suggests; a, new. method whioh permits to datermine the parame-
ters accord-ing to photoinetric: curves. Fnr the contoiir.- of the interfe-
0:0 . ~ tha
rence band the following expreaslon is obtained 11 e- in
course of calculation the following expression is obtainpd for the
approximation curve; , 1.
1 max " 21e 1,2210 and in the case
0
of iao-Aceles-triangle solutioa QT2 10 0 1,95
TZ oc~
Exampleas for the application of this method are given and individual
casem described. (L illustration and I table).
ASSOCIATION State, university in- Petrozavodak.*(Petrozavodsldy gosudaxstvennyyj unin
ver-sitet).
A.IIAILA.BLE Library-of Congress.
Card. 2P

I SffIVRIN, O.N.; MI14MHIN, B.M.
Anisotropy of second order atomic deformations in the crystal
lattice of plastically deformed tungsten, nickel, and aluminum.
Izv. vys. ucbeb. zav.; fiz. n0-3:135-140 158- (HIRA 11-9)
1. Petrozavodski7 gosuniversitat.
(Metal crystals) (Metallography)

68034
7:2 0 0 SOV/155-58-6-36/36
AUTHOR. -Shivrin, O.N.
TITLE: t~e Estimation of the Characteristics of the Mosaic
Structure-pbf Polycrystals 'With Respect to the intensity of
X-ray Reflections
PERIODICAL: Nauchnyye doklady vysshey shkoly.Fiziko-matematicheskiye nauki,
19589Nr 69pp 225-230 (USSR)
ABSTRACT- The author reports on the measurement of the intensity of
X-ray reflections on coarse- and fine-grained tempered steel
45 Test pieces after heat treatment of two kinds are used ;
!.~ After a water hardening with 9000 there took place an anneal-
ing at 7000 for 1 hours,
2.) The annealing took place under 9200 for 1.5 hours. By
comparing the experimental and theoretical values of the
atomic dispersion it vas stated that the variation of the in-
tensity of the images compared with the ideal mosaic crystal
was caustd by the effect of the secondary extinction in both
cases. The mosaic constant -7
g = (2 IL ZN characterizing
Card 1/2 this effect was calculated from the experimental data in both

68034 34
On the Estimation of the Characteristics of the SO V! 5-9-58 -~-356/36
11.0saic Structure of Polycrystals 'With Respect to the Intensity of
Reflections
cases. It was shorn that the perfection of the crystallites
is somewhat smaller in coarse-.grained steel than in fine-
grained steel.
V.,I, Iveronova, B.Ya. Pines and !!,.F. Cha,,rj~o,.rBkiy are mentioned.
There are 1 figure, 1 table, and 14 references, 9 of which are
Sovietq 3 English and 2 Czech.
ASSOCIATIOIT: Petrozavodskiy gosudarstvennyy universitet (Petrozavo
State University)
SUMITTED: September 29, 1958
Card 2/2

AUTHOR: bLhivrin, 0-1-,,.
TITLE: Influence of Extinction on the !Lo"--ensity of the 11~ear
Lines of X-Ray Diffraction 2atterns of Metals Deformed
in the Cold State (0 vliyanii ekstinktsii na
intensivnost' zadni-kh liniy rentgenogramm kholodnodeform-
irovannykh metallov)
PERIODICkL.Fizika Metallov i idetallovedeniye, 1958, Vol 6,
Nr 4, pp 682-685 (USSR)
ABSTRACT: A change in the intensity of the rear lines of X-ray
diffraction pictures were _J'1.V'Z-:'5t11gated for copper.
brass D-62, commercial aluminium (deformed by static
compression). The specimens viere cylindrical of
10 mm dia, 15 mm height "coj-)par and bra.3s) and 20 mm dia,
30 mm height (for aluminium). P7'iDr to deformation, the
copper specimens were annealed at 4000C for two hours,
the brass sDecimens were annealed at 45000 for one hour
and the aluminium specimens were annealed at 4000C for
one hour. The coolin- was effected in the furnace with
a speed of 4000/hr. 'T~:he -X-ray exposures were made by
means of CuK radiation, whereby the average error did
Card 1/4 not exceed 101to 2%. The obta-1ried results are graphed

Influence of Extinction on the Intensitr -of the Rear Lines of
,--Ray Diffraction Patterns of Metals Deformed in the Cold State
K U
in Figs.1 and .2 and it can seen that the intensity
of the lines (--;31), (420) fca- copRer and brass is lower
in the non-deformed state then after def~5rmation. The
highest intensity is observed for low degrees of
deformation; with inereas--np de-formation the. intensity
decreases but wili still. ruma:*.n laiC)her than for the
annealed specimen,, This dependence corfij_ms the -
assumption that extii-.Lct:Lcr, jrCt'l,_L.:-.U.ce on the
~f 4 , - -- :
intensity of the rear .- L_t;~~ 'L- s4mJ-1ar ex-,eriments
with aluminium, Fig,2', F_ :Lnciease was
observed of the ir-tenL;*! , c-IL 1--a-e li-Les 11422). (511) in
the entire inuerval. of of the residual
deformations. Ey-oeriments w_~rn. also made on
30 x 10 mm disc-s~aped specimeus of the Steel 45, which
were first subjectea to _cecrycjta1iisat_Joa- annealing at
8500C for two "ou-T-, and,. follo-vv`ng that, the disc Dlane
was polished by luand with ai~ paper and in. some
Card 2/4 cases additionally with a fab:.,ic w]~_-eel; the results

Influence of �~xtinction on -t;he Intensit-7 of t' e -
--.-:a.- Lines of
X-Ray Diffraction Patterns of Metals _i)eformed ir. the old State
U
are graphed. in Fig.3, ie!,-'Cva1 of the work -hardened
layers from such specimens pradliced an appreciable
reduction in the intensity of ttie line ~220) which
ceased altogether at a dept1a of 50p from the surface..
The obtained results indicate that, in the case of
various materials and various coaditions of
deformation, the secondary extinctions have a considerable
influence on the intensity of -he rear X-ray diffraction
lines. Weakenin- of this influence as a z!esult of
fragmentation of blocks during cold def'o.-nation leads
to a strengthening of the intens-'ty of these lines, as
a result of which information on Type ill distortions
will prove erroneous. Therefore, it is necessary to
treat with caution results of work relati-ng to
determination of Type 111 distortions in which the
Card 3/4

SOV/126-6-4-16/34
influence of Extinction on the lntens--ty cLf the Rear Lines o-,
a
y Diffraction Patterns of Metals Defor-ned in the Cold Stata
influence of extinction has not been taken into
consideration. There are 3 figo-res and 6 Sov-*Let
references,
ASISOCiATION: Petrozavodskiy ~~osudarstvennyj Unive--s--'Ltet
(Petrozavodsk S'tate Univer.;jty)
SUBiAITTIED: 28'uii Januai-i 1957,
1
Clard 4/4

Y
SOV/126-6-4-103/34
AUTHOR: Shivrin, 0.1~11
TITLE: Discussion on Paper on "Crystal lattice
Distortions in Coarse and Fine- Grained Steel
During Cold, Plastic Deformation" (Fizika Metallov i
Metallovedeniye- 1956- Vol- 2.. Nr 1, p 189)
(Po povodu stat JL M.Finkelya "Iskazheniya
Kristallicheskoy Reshetki K---.-,pno.- i Melkozernistoy
Stall Pri Rholodnoy Plasti-.,.huaskoy Deformatsii")
PERIODIOAL:Fizika Metallov i Metallo-red-eniye 1918, Vol 6.
Nr 4.
. PP ?57-?60 (USSR.)
ABSTRACT: It was reported -',1y Firike-11 %haV. in a wide ranse (80%)
of plastic deforma-,ion the intensity of the (310) lines
(Co-radiata.on) of c09-rSely grained steel remained
practically oonst-ant . 1,1ndeT the same conditions, the
intensity of the (211) lines (Cr-radiation) was 1.4 times
higher, but also did not depend on the degree of the
T)lastic def ormation'. aiile granting that this . fact is
of great practical interest. O.N.Shivxin disagrees with
Finkel's interpretation of Lis experimental results and
Card 1/3.2 points out that: (i) It has been shown (Ref.1, -2) the

SOV11 26- 6-4-28/3 4
Discussion on V~b!.FiLlml's Pap,:~- cra, "".rfstal lattice Distortions
in Coarsely and Finely Grained Steell Du_-ing Cold, Plastic
Deformation"
p:vocess of _Lnagn_~~iLtation vihLzh causes weakening
of the extinction effect prar~-tical.11.y ceases at 8-1070
deformat-Lon; wItla :in~-,.reasing deformation one should
expect a decrease off the 1-ine intensity as a result of
the formation of distortions of the 111-rd type. Such
an effect was in _Pac.47 vbse-inred by Shir-rin in the case
of steel .2 d'-formed by turning at high rates of feed and
small de-oth cf the and iu -ULe case of brass and
t 4 .%
copper u-nder hvd-rosta ~ pxesssure: In every case the
in-censitty of lines iin,3i-easi,~o. up to a certain degree of
deformation only, (ii) Since the intensity of the
diffraction ba:,~.kground is ass-z;_ziated with the
magnitude of t.r-e distortions of the 111-rd. type, but.
not with the extinction effect, the fact of its
remaining constant d:L;ring deformation of coarsely
grained metal is quite iu,.omprehensible. No matter how
strong is the masking effect. of extinction on the
Card 2/12 weakening of tb-c intensj.-~:y of the, lines due to

SOV/126-6-4-28/34
Discussion on V-M-Finkel~ls Paper on "Crystal Lattice Distortions in
Coarsely and Finely Grained StGel During Cold, Plastic Deformation"
distortions of the 111-rd tjpe, the magnitude of which
should be considerable at 80% deformation, their effect
should be reflected in the variation of the background
intensity. This, for some ~-eason or other, was not
observed by Finkell,, (iii) Block fragmentation results
in (a) weakening of the pAmary extinction effect which
is directly associated with the size of the blocks,
and indirectly in (b) weakaning of the secondary
extinction effect due to the increase of the degree of
disorientation of the blocks within the cryst-~~llites.
This means t]3&,t a metal can be characterised by
coarsely grained structure and still not show any
.secondary extinction effect if only the struoture of
the crystallites is sufficiently close to the ideal,
and that the secondary extinction effect can be
considerable even in finely grained metals if only the
cLegree of disorientation of the blocks within each
crystallite is sufficiently smalls The character of
the variation of the line intensity will depend on
Card 3/12 whether the primary or secondary exi.-,inction only, or

O-Till 26-6
-.4-28/34
1~s Paper
Discussion on V.M.Finkel
Coarsely and Finely Grained Steel
Card 4/12
on "Cryst-al Lattice Distortions in
During Cold, Plastic Deformation"
both these effects take place in a polycrystalline
metal specimen. It is easy to show that, as was
postulated b~r Avarbach (Ref-3, 4) in the presence of
primary extinction only, the variation of the intensity
of the lines of high orders is negligible. (This fact,
for some reason or other. is o~rerlooked by Finke!Q
On the other hand, the presence of secondary extinction
(Ref-5, 6), partioularly when the conditions are
favourable for the formation of texture (Ref.7)*, the
variation of the lines intensity can be quite different.
For this reason Finkel's cc-r-tention that the observed
effect was caused exclusively by the secondary
extinction is no-h quite justified.. since in the case
under considerat,ion the effect of texture might have
been the predomin nt factors (iv) The difference (not
much larger than the limit of the experimental error)
of the values of in the (310) aind- (211) directions
can be attributed not only to the anisr-tropy of the
distortions of the lll,..:ai type. but also to the

SOV/126-6-4.28/-34. -
Discussion on V.M.Finkell's Paper on "Crystal Lattice Distortions in
Coarsely and Finely Grained- Steel During Cold, Plastic Deformation"
difference between the depth of penetration of the
Co- and Cr-radiation. Some authors favour -the hypothesis
of the weakened surface layer in which small distortions
are neutralised. In the final analysis the correctness
of this or other theory can be pro-wed only by further
experimental work. There are 9 Soviet references.
ASSOCIATION: Petrozavodskiy Gosuniversitet (Petrozavodsk State
University)
SUBMITEED: 28th January 195?.
Reply by V.M.Finkellstates the following:
In spite of the "coarsely" and "finely" grained structure
of the experimental steels, the size of the regionz of
coherent d~.sp~rsiou 1-u steel 3 did not exceed.
i.? x 10-5cm at 2% deformation wid 1.1 x 10-5cm.at
4% deformation. In the case of the heat-treated rail
steel, the size of the mosaic blocks was smaller by one
Card 5/12 order of magaitude (e.g. 2 x 10--6cm at 10% deformation).

SOV/126-6-4-28/34
Reply by V.M.Finke2
Consequently~ the observed phenomena cannot be
attributed to the effect of primary extinction in either
case since primary extinction -is practically non-axistent
at the size of the regions of coherent dispersion quoted
above. (Ref.3., 4). To account for the stab-11ity of the
intensity of the (310) lines. one has to assume that its
decrease due to the effect o� micro-distortions of the
111-rd type is counter-balanced by an opposite effect of
some other physical factors. auch as secondaa-7- extinction
and texture. The seconday~y extinction can, in all
probability, display itself th:coughout the whole
deformation range: in its initial stages it is
associated with the process of block fragmentation and
J
the resulting disorientat -Lon of the mosaic blocks, in
the later stages it is caused by the process of
disorientation not directly connected with the block
fragmentation (Ref-5). Unlike secondary extinction, the
effect of primar7j extinction (in a coarsely grained
aggregate), being associated with the process of
Card 6/12 fragmentation only, probably disappears in the initial

Reply by V.M.Finkell
1Z OV/1 2_6 6 - 4 - 28/3 11
stages of the deformation (b_aving increased the intensity
of the lines), after which the intensity of the lines
decreases due to the effect of the distortions of the
111-rd type. Shivrin carried out his experiments on
brass and copper in which the size of the mosaic blocks
is one or two orders of magaitude larger.than that in
steel. so that the mnyimum. on his curves is obviously
associated with-the effect of the primary e3ctinction.
When a high caroon content steel is quenched, a
structure is obtained which is submicroscopically
nonhomogeneous, and which is characterised by small
size of the blocks and high degree of their disorientation.
ThAs minimises or possibly even eliminates secondary
extinction, which would explain the differez~,t character
of the variation of the lines intensity with deformation
in annealed and quenched specimeaus of steel 3.
He (Finkel) did not take into account the effect of
texture, since this effect in the case of plane (310)
is negligible (Ref.7), Iu add- uion, had the observed
phenomena been attributed to the effect of tsmtuTe onl-j,
Card 7/12 it would imply that the chaEacter of the texture in

SOVI/120- 6-4-281/34
Reply by V.M.Finkelf
steel .3 and rail steel is basi-ally diffeient (since
in the former case 1(310) is C:Fnstant and 1(211)
increases 'With increasing degree of deformation, while
in the latter case both 1(310) an(' IJ211) decrease)
which, of cours6. cannot b6 true. IU is difficult to
understand v~ay SJ~ivrin should be surprised by the fact
that the background intensitT in defor-med steel 3 did
not change: The variation of the baokground intensitT
in the high carbon content, rail steel did not exceed
7-8%. It is only to be expected tiiat it should. amount
to less in the case ofo steel 3 i-il wh~ -ch., owing to its
low carbon content,*the la-k-Itice di~stortions caused by
deformation are much smalle-r -,I-;aa those in steel 3.
Since the variation of the. bac"Kga-o~ind intensity is
generally small it cannot be used as a practical
criterion of the degree of lattice distortion. As
regarding Shivria's comments on the problem of anisotropy,
the hypothesis of the weakened sLLuface layer does not
Card 8/12 seem to have any beari-rig on this probleu: Unstable,

Reply by V-LFinkelf
OV/12'c-) -
elastic distorticns may be -present in the surface
layers. whiie dstor.. ions of the 111-rd type are of
non-eiastic nall-urt- Vte~re are 9 Soviet references,
ASSOC IAT ION: Sibirskiy Institut (Siberian
Metallurgical In-sLitute)
SUBMITTED: ist April 1957.
CommPants of O-N-Shivrin on
(i) In his reply
mosaic blocks of
not given in his
in fact. exclude
of the ~211) and
e:~-t4--ction, but
such an effect was
emphasized that
Card 9/12 associated vrith
the Reply of VJL.Finkelf
U
Finkellgives the dimensions of the
the investigated materials which were
original Paper. The quoted figures do.
the ossibility. of the intensity
(310~ lines being affected by primary
then lie (Shivrin) did not assert that
possible. On the contrary,, he
secondary extinction is not directly
the size of the blocks and that such a

SOV/12& 6-4-28/34
ij. I
Comm nts of O.N.Shivrin on tjhe Reply of V.'i-Finkel
direct connection exists in the case of the primary
extinction only.. %(ii),The data on the size of the
'-;en by Fj n -e1' are not reliable,. If the ciucted
blocks g _e, k.
size of -uhe blocks in Quen-_-~hed and te:nrered rail s t e'e 11
def ormed 10~o is in fa,:J'-. D = 3,.8 x -1o-7-cm then tihe width
of the lines (310) cal~aulated from the Sel-vako-v
formula is B = 0.281 radion or 160., This broadening is
supposed to be clue to the small size of the blocks only,
without taking into ac;co,.mt. 'the effect of the distortions
of the 11--nd -_ypa, Under these conditions the (310)
lines woui,,9- disappear comp letely arid one could not discuss
the variation of their iiucensity, This proves that the
quoted data on the size of the blocks are inc.-orrect.
(iii) The assujaption that secondary extinction- diminishes
throughout the whola deformation range cannot be regarded
as well substaxitiated. since increasing disorientation
of the blocks leads to its rapid disappea-rance.
(jV) The increase of the lines intensity observed in
brass and copper cannot be attributed to the effect of
Card 10112 primary extinction since this effect is negligible

SOV/126--6 -.4 -28,1311,
Comments of O.N.Shivrin on the Reply of V.M.Finkell
already at the size of the blocks equal to 1 x 10-4 em.
In the case under consideration the size of the blocks
was 4 x 10-5, o.9 x lo-5 and 4 x 10-6cm at 2, 5 and 20%
deformation, respectively. (v) Finkel's statement that
the character of texture in the rail steel and in steel
cannot but be the same, has not been questioned.
However, it should be borne in mind that even small
additions of alloying elements can af4ect the character
of texture formation (Ref.12). Finkel's explanation of
the variation of the lines intensity, based on the
assumption that it is due to secondary extinction only
Card 11/12

SOV/126- 6-4-28/34
P Comm nts of O.N.Shivrin on the Reply of V.M.Finkell
is not very convincing. There are 12 references of
which 8 are Soviet and 4 Eng~Lish.
ASSOCIATION:Petrozavodskiy Gosuniversitet (Petrozavodsk State
University)
SUBMITTED: loth April 195?.
Card 12/12

SHIVRIN,.0-H.
Independent calibration for meam=ing the intensity of inter-
f6rence2ines in the KROS-1 camera. Zav. lab. 24 n0-5:645 158.
(MIRA 11:6)
1. Petrozavodskiy gomidarstvenny7 universitet.
(X-ray SpeCtrOBCOPY)

18M, 2LO) soVl:,q_5q-l-23/3i+
AUTHORS: O,N,, Shatin V.S.
TITLE: X.-Ray Study of the Softening of Plastically Deformed
Steel During Temperature Relaxation (Rentgenografiches-
koye izucheniye protsessa razuprochneniya plastirl,heski
deformirovannoy stali pri temperaturnom otdykhe)
PERIODICAL: Izvestiya Vysshikh Uchebnykh Zavedeniy, Fizika,
1959,, Nr 1, pp 128-135 (USSR)
ABSTRACT: Softening of plastically deformed steel St.45 during
temperature relaxation has been studiod by means of
X-rays ac--ordinc, to the diffuseness of interference lines.
Specimens of this steel were disc shaped, 15 mm diameter
and 5 mir, long. After heat treatment (quenching from
0
8500C in oil and tempering at 700 OC for one hour) the
specimens were deformed up to 50% in compression. The
heavily deformed surfa(~e layer was removed by etching in
a mixture of HN03 and HCI; it was found that the
struotural distortions were the same throughout each
specimen. The specimens were relaxed in a tubular
furnace at 300, 350, 400 and 450 OC by soaking for a
period of from 10 minutes to 20 hours, depending on
Card 115 temperature. The spe(-,imens were X-rayed in the
direction of their ends in a cylindrical chamber of

SOV/139-59-1-23/34
X-Ray Study of the Softening of Plast-i,,;ally Deformed Steel Diring
Temperature Relaxation
57.3 mm diameter -in an Fe-ir~Tadiation with an Mn fl.Lterc
In order to obtain ne.-Pr-ower lines, a spe(Aally made
slit diaDhiagm, 0.15 lam high, was used instead of the
usual diaphTagm assembly, which was placed directly on
the drum of the !~A-i-ambe-r. Tiais enabled the focusing o-f
the line to be --,onsiderably improved and the exposure
time to be shortened. The conditions of focusing assumed
the form a ~- -,,? ~ urh e o eais the angle between the
qurfaoe of the se.,%tion and the primaTy beam:. and '%-1 is
t1ae angle of slip. Ea(-.n specimen was exposed twic-,.e at
= for
a the to(:using of' the Line (22jv From thb
results obtained the magnitude of secondary distortion
Ad/d and t~iq bi,),,k size D ijere obtainsd by th-=,
Kurdyumo-r-Lysak method, (Refs 13 and Foir ielaxation
at L~500 a harmonit- analysis of the line (22) was also
carried Gut., Parallel with the X---T-ay study, Roclnrell HR C
hardness tests were ,,,arrlea out. The de-cendence of
D, &d/d and HR(-.. on Une duration of -.r7L-laxation lf~oi
a terrioeratltre of 400 OCI As graplal call y 3hown in Fig !I
Card 2/5 and fo-. tte temPerarares ii-50, 35 and ~00 OC Js shown
0 i t

SOV/139-59-l-':23 /31+
X-ray Study of the Softening of Plastically Deformed Steel During
Temperature Relaxation
in Tables 1, 2 and 3. In the second and third columns of
the table the magnitudes of the true widths of the
lines (110i and (220) are shown, and in the fourth column
the ratio 0220/011.0 is given, which must lie within the
limits Of 0220/0110 = 2.93 and 0220/0110 = M7.)
depending on the relationship between the "block" and
13micro-deformation" diffuseness of the lines; and in
colurans 5, 6 and 7 values for D, Ad./d and HRC are
given, The dependence of D, tsd/d and HRC; on
L-emperature at a constant time of relaxation (one houi)
is shown in Fig 2- As a result of the above investiga-
tions the authors have arrived at the following
conclusions: (1) In the process of softening of
plastically deformed steel St.45 a constant increase in
the size of blocks D and a fall in the magnitude of
distortions 6d/d with increase in duration and
temperature of relaxation is observed, (2) A similar
Card 3/ 5 relationship has been established for the values of DI
and whi~~h ha-;.re been found by harmonic
L ~,3

SOV/139-59-1-23/34
X-Ray Study of the Softening of Plastically Deformed Steel 7)uring
Temperature Relaxation
analysis. A -tomparison of these magnitudes with tiose of
D and Ld/d, whic:h are obtained by the Kurdyumov.-Lysak
method, shows satk~is-!Ia-.tory agreement, (3) the constan-:y
of the na~-,nitade of "Regions of uniformity" L,-, J.a
isothermal T.-ela;,ation and the absenc~e of any- c:rushir.-
blocks both at isothermal and isochionic! -relaxation ailows
the deduction that removal of secondary distor-tions i~::
not ar,-omnan-ted eitn,~- bv unbending of bloc7es C,-,- b-7
ipping, to be c~,-.Dnflrmed, Remo,~Tal of d!.SI',r.-A,_on:-:
plastic s5 L r__
in this case ,!an oc._-iar by increase of those region-s of
the metal, the lattic-_e of which is not distorted, and
hence by a decrease of the regions of distorted lattice,
(4) Testing the hard_ness~ which constantly decreases
during relaxation, has enabled its linear dependen.-!i, or.
Card 4/5 Aj I to be establishead; thus. theTe exisr.3
d. ID

SOV/139-59-1-23/34
X-Ray Study of the Softening of Plastically Deformed Steel During
Temperature Relaxation
relationship between the characteristic of hardening and
the characteristics of submicro-non-uniformity of the
hardened metal.
Card 5/5 There are 3 figures 3 tables and 22 references, 18 of
which are Soviet and L~ English.
ASSOCIATION: Petrozavodskiy Gosuniversitet
(Petrozavodsk State University)
SUBMITTED: April 212 1958

.18
AUTHORS: Potakhin, N. Ye., Shivrin, 0. 14. C!OV1163-59-2-33148
TITLE; The Method of the Fourier Analvsis of Interference Lines
Blurred by Distortions and the Dispersity of Blocks
(K metodike Firlye-analiza interforentsionnykh liniy, razmytykh
za schet iskazlioniy i dispersaosti blokov)
PERIODICAL: Nauchnyye doklady vysshey shkoly, Metallurgiya,
1959, Nr 2, pp 186-188 (USSR)
ABSTRACT: The solution of some problems, e,g, the investigation of the
anisotropy of distortions in different crystallographic
directions, is only feasible by an analysis of one line. B. Ya.
Pines (Ref 1) suggested methods of approximation for this case
to separate the distortion effect ana the block effect
bi),
kdetermination of the coefficients A. and A One of these
t t
methods presupDoses isomeric biccks so that the dependence of
the coefficient Ablon t becomes linear with the angle
t'
-dA total
coefficient t For the graphic determination of
Cprd 1/3 dt Lo,

The 'Yethod of the Fourier Analysis of Interference SC 6 -3-99-2-33/48
Lines Blurred by Distortions and the Dispers1ty of Blocks
this differential quotient, the authors suggested, in a
previous paper (Ref 2), a -secart method" in which additional
values of A total are computed for t between 0 and 1, and the
tangent on the curve A total (t) is replaced at t = 0 by a secant
t
which goes through t = 0, t = 0.1 or t = 0.2. In this paper,
a new approximation is suggested. Under the as=,,ription of
isomeric blocks, a series is derived, f(t) = a - Bt - aB2
2
As the coefficients a and B have the or r 0:' magnitude n.10-
dA~tcta-'-
the linear terms f(t) = a + Bt - (a -- dt 1t=0 are
sufficient for practicaj'. purposes, B is the angle coefficient
determinin- the relative microdeformation of the k-lattice:
B = kF_2 k is a constant factor the v'lue of
L
Cam-d 2/3 which can be comnuted from formulas (91) and (92) indicated by

The Method of the Fourier Analysis of Interference SOV/163-59-2-31-4/48
Lines Blurred by Distortions and the Dispersity of Blocks
B. Ya. Pines (Ref 1). The method suggested was experimentally
checked on steel with the radiation Cr - (211), Fe - (220)~
Co - (310) and mo - (651, 732). A diagram shows the function
f(t) for different F-. The condition of linearity is well
satisfied in the range 0 4 t < 1. A table compares the
values of E found by the secant method and by the new method.
The maximum difference is 8%. Therefore, the method
suggested can be used for the determination of the amount of
distortion of the lattice. There are 1 figure, 1 table, and
3 Soviet references.
ASSOCIATION: Petrozavodskiy gosudarstvenny-y universitet
(Petrozavodsk State University)
SUBYITTED: June 2. 1958
Card 3/3

SHIVRIN, 0.11.
Anisotropy of distortions of the second type in plastically
deformed steel. Izv. vys. ucheb. zav.; fiz. no.4:72-76 '59.
I (MIRA 13:3)
l.Petrozavodskiy gosuniversitet.
(Steel) (Deformations (mechanics))

18 (7), 24 (4)
AUTHOR: Shivrin, 0. N. SOV/32-25-5-13/56
TITLE: Investigation of the Surface Cold Hardening With the X-ray
Photography Method by Means of the Diagonal Cut
(Issiedovaniye poverkhnostnogo naklepa metodom
rentgenografirovaniya po kosomu srezu)
PERIODICAL: Zavodskaya Laboratoriya, 1959, Vol 25, Nr 5, Pp 560-561 (USSR)
ABSTRACT: Investigations of the surface structure after cold hardening
are usually carried out by taking off thin metal layers in
the electrolytic or chemical way, and the metal structure is
examined by roentgenography. This method has the disadvantage
that the preceding metal layer is always dest-oyed and no
general picture of the structural changes can therefore be
considered. The diagonal cut method allows repeated
measurements on the same sample and is widely used for
investigations of the surface hardening for the determination
of microhardness (Ref 1). In the case under review the last
mentioned method was applied with some modifications to
roentgenographic investigations of the surface hardening that
occurs on turning steel 45 and brass L 62. The cut was made
Card 1/2 under a small angle (10), and.the cut surface on the steel

Investigation of the Surface Cold Hardening With SOV/32-25-5-13/56
the X-ray Photography Method by Means of the Diagonal Cut
was first polished with aluminum oxide and with GOI pastes
afterwards. On the brass samples the cut surfaces were
prepared by milling and subsequent polishing. Roentgenograms
were taken along the cut surfaces with the 1-KROS camera.
Measuring results of the variation of the line width (211) of
ferrite on steel samples 45 which were turned at different
cutting speeds (Fig 1) show the thickness of the hardened
layer to be always larger than 0.5 mm. The distribution of
microdeformations in the surface layers of brass (Fig 2) differs
from the one on steel, which is explained by phase
transformations at higher cutting speeds (i.e. higher
temperature). There are 2 figures and 2 Soviet references.
01
ASSOCIATION: Petrozavodskiy gosudarstvennyy universitet (Petrozavoi--w-L
State University)
Card 2/2

16 1 G 0 , 18- 20 0
AUTHORS: Snlvrin, 0. N., TeLiits1,-aya,
TITLE; X-Ray Scatte--ing in Deformed
PERIODICAL: Izvest-4ya vyssh'Lkh u-chebnylkn
metallurg'iya, iz.:60, Nr I , pp
7 7 -7.',
S 0 V./ i 4 8" -6 1 - 3 2 3
E. L.
Tun s'en
zavedeniy. Cherna-yra
100--1521 (USSR)
ABSTRACT: Continuing their previous studies (.Izvestiya VUZ KIVO,
Fizika, in prinz;) in ahich the str~_zcture of poadered
tungsten had been investigated using.copper radiation,
hardly suitable for the detection of "3d--Uype distortions"
(Abstracter's Note: No definition is given; the ex-
pression is likely to mean rctatlon twinning in de-
lormed crystals), the authors carried cut additional
experiments using shortwave Mo radiation. The X-ray
diffraction photographs of tungsten powder, compressed
into plates, were taken with camer-a RKE at 25 and 4co
ang-les between the plates and inciderz '-.=-am. Fcur
,z'-o'~o-:-aPns were taz:en from ei--her poslit_'cn. T-e mean
Card 1/. 'Lntensities from, ei.o-ht re.-Plectinlc-' clanes,

X-Ray Scattef,inb- in Deformed Tun~l-sten
0
Card 2/4
7
SOV/'14 -00-i-32/,34
the sums ofsquared indices of which were 6, 8, 10,
L I
i4, 18, 26, 30, and 38, furnished the experimental
values of atomic scattering- functions 1' exp. The
values were close to frp, computed accordit-,6, to Thomas-
Fermi, except for thos_~i f ob"Gained from low-index
reflect4n,- Planes. In thVPlatter case, tne somewhat-
decreased experimental values, and lower fexp:f ratio
(see Fig. 1) are an effect of primary extinctions.
The ratio is close to I when the crystals are parted
ra
into blocks whose D = 5-10-D cm. '-type distor-
U-Lonst Would have decreased the ratio with the in-
creased Miller indices of the reflecting planes.
Since this is not the case, the experiments with Mo
radiation con_-:'irm tile autaors' e_~::rlier conclusion that
no "3--d-tLype distortions" occur in powdered tungsten.
T'-. e r eis 7-1 fl gure; -and Q re-fe--ences, Soviet, 2 U.K.
I U . S . , I C z e c h o s 1 o %~al-ian, The U.K. an.d U.S. 1,efe.:,ences
C -, , 13
are: R. I. Weiss, Froc. P.,-.Ys. So-., 3
10-D-2; A. R. Lan-, Proc. Rnys . c - 3 66, 0, 0133,

:~-Iiay ScattevinLj- in DeCormed Turu-sten
I.D
ASSOCIATION:
SUBMITTED:
Y (Y019
SOIVI-148 -060 -1 -32/34
1953; R. W. James, Optical F--!n2~ples c' -c'-
Diffraction of X-Rays, MacMillan, N. Y.
Petrozavodsk State University (Yetrozavodskly
gosudarstvennyy universitet)
October 27, 1958
Card 3/4

X-Ray Scatterin.7 In De-formed Tu, s t e n 77709
ov/a -'o-,,-32/-"
/ 8
s
to
L!
d- io
Q4~
'9
'
21 1 13
0.80

ifi
N2
4 8 f2 Y5 26 24 28 32 35
z hi,
Fig. 1. Comparison of the experimental data with those
computed theoretically and corrected for primary
extinction according to th? D,-,.rwin equation. (1)
-5 5 _4
D == 1-10 ; (2) D = 5'10- ; (3) D = 1-10 ' cm.
Card 4/4

AUTHOR: Shivrin, 0. N.
S/170/60/003/005/015/017
B012/BO56
TITLE: The Problem of the Macrohomogeneity of Microdeformations
and the Existence of a Weakened Surface Layer
PERIODICAL: Inzhenerno-fizicheskiy zhurnal, 1960, Vol. 3, No. 5,
pp. 131-135
TEXT: In the present paper, the influence exerted by a weakened surface
layer upon the character and the size of microdeformations, as well as
the influence exerted by the size of metal grains was investigated. The
difference in granularity was attained by means of a corresponding heat
treatment. In the first part of the paper, the heat treatment of samples
of the grade steel CT.20 (st. 20), their preparation for the experiments,
and the experiments themselves are described in brief. The second part
contains the results, which are discussed. It is shown.that neither in
coarse- nor in fine-grained steel of the grade investigated, any influence
could be found to be exerted by the weakened surface layer on disoriented
macrodeformations (that would have led to a macrohomogeneity of the micro-
deformations). The experiments also showed that the microstructure exerted
Card 1/2

The Problem of the Macrohomogeneity of Micro- S/170/60/003/005/015/017
deformations and the Existence of a Weakened B012/BO56
Surface Layer
a very slight influence upon the dependence of the disoriented micro-
deformations upon the crystallographical direction. It is pointed out that ID
this is in accordance with the fact that the anisotropy coefficients are V
independent of the degree of deformation, which had been shown to exist
in the papers of Refs. 9, 13. It is declared with some caution that the
anisotropy coefficients are rather universal, and are constant for the
material concerned. There are 3 tables and 13 references: 12 Soviet and
1 British.
ASSOCIATION: Gosudarstvennyy universitetq g. Petrozavodsk
(State University, Petrozavodak)
Card 2/2

/.:'O/,---05/005/O25/O26/xx
E-13 e-VE160
A.U THOR Shivrin, O.N.
TITLE- On the Applicabili.ty of the COT-re,,,~tive Formulae fo.-
Primary and Secondary Ext-Inction
PERIODICAL: K-r-istallografiya, 1960. Vol,,5, No.5, pp,-7971-800
TE X.T: The nature of the mosaic structure of crystals 's oftea
de4 "erm.caed from the extinction effects whicb occur. The Commonest
te~-.hnique is to use a correction foTmula giving the dependence of
iobs.,/Icalr- OXI sin Vaiious foi-mulae are used and theEe
are not all the same. The differenc=-s between them are d-4--crassed,
For primary ext-Inction there are expressions due to Darwin,
EksteLn-Weiss--Lang and Wilchinsky. However, the latter two are
thought t,D be no j-mpro-reme-nt on the earlier formula of Darwin.
FoT ser~ondary extinction there are formulae by Hall and
Williamson, Weiss and Lang. The use of Hall and Wiiliamsonl-c
formula (Ref .1.0, the simplest, is- recommended, All are, however,
related to the original formula of Darwin,
There are .10 references; 15 Soviet and Engli3h,
ASSOC, IATIO N I Petrozavodskiy gosudarstvennyy urruver-sit-et
(Petroza.;.r-,IF -:state Universit-v"
SUBYIITTBD~~ 'T."

S/126/60/010/004/013/023
Elll/E452
AUTHORS: Shivrin, O.N. and Gerasimova, L.M
TITLE: Structural Disturbances Producing Changes in the
Intensity of X-Ray lpterference
PERIODICAL: Fizika metallov i m tallovedeniye, 1960, Vol.10, No.4,
PP-586-589
TEXT: The authors note that interference intensity is sometimes
more influenced by extinction effects associated with fine mosaic
structure than by static atomic displacement (called "type-III
disturbances"). In continuous polycrystalline specimens, texture
also has an effect which has led to many investigations being
carried out on powders. However, such investigations cannot solve
important problems relating to continuous specimens, e.g. in which
structural disturbances are responsible for metal strengthening in
plastic deformation. Their present brief work (for Shivrin a
continuation of previous investigations - Refs-3,5 ) deals mainly
with continuous specimens, especially the development of techniques
to give reliable results. It had been concluded (Ref.3) that for
deformed steel, copper, brass and aluminium, secondary extinction
predominates in the annealed state. To check this an annealed
Card 1/3

S/126/60/010/004/013/023
Elll/E452
Structural Disturbances Producing Changes in the Intensity of X-Ray
Interference
steel was investigated with a view to quantitative treatment of
extinction. One specimen (of type 45 steel) was heat-treated to
give a fine-grained, and another to give a coarse-grained structure.
Patterns were obtained with filtered Co KC, radiation. The ratio of
the theoretical to the experimental integral intensity is plotted
against the value of the specific reflecting capacity. A linear
relation was found for both specimens (Fig.1) indicating absence of
primary extinction. Block disorientation was calculated from these
graphs. Results differ from those of V.I.Ivernova et al.(Ref.12).
A material very different from those previously studied is tungsten.
The authorslattempt to study monolithic specimens failed. The
results for various powder sizes agree well (Fig.2) with those
calculated by Darwin's equation. The absence of type-III
disturbances is attributed to the exceptionally high brittleness of
tungsten. There are 3 figures and 12 references: 7 Soviet,
4 English and 1 in Acta cryst.
Card 2/3

S/126/60/010/004/013/023
Elll/E452
Structural Disturbances Producing Changes in the Intensity of X-Ray
Interference
ASSOCIATION: Petrozavodskly gosudaz-stvennyy universitet
(Petrozavodsk State University)
SUBMITTED: July 25, 1959 initially
January 18, 1960 after revision
Card 3/3

SHIVRIN, O.N.
- Anisotropy of cr7stallites above the elastic limit. Fiz. met.
metalloved. 10 no.4:638-639 0 16o. (MIRA 13:11)
1. Petrozavodskiy gosudaratvennyy universitet.
- (Metal crystals) (Anisotropy)

V.

SHIVRIN, O'S'N.
Mosaic structure of metallic polycrystals and extinction effects.
Part 1. Izv.vys.ucbeb-zav-.; fiz. na.1:115--123 161. (MMA 14:7)
1. Petrozavodskiy gosudarstvennyy universitet.
(Metal crystals) (Crystal lattices)

SPIVRIN, 0.13.
Changes in the mosaic structure of metals as a r,~sult of relaxation
and recrystallization. Fiz. met. i metal3oved. 12 no.1:125-131
J1 161. (MIRA 14:8)
1. Petrozavodskiy gosudarstvennyy universitet.
(Metallography)

HZITETSOV, A.,V, ;-6111TUN, UA
Mutual interference on X rays reflected by different mosaie
blocks in a crystallite. Kristallografiia 7 no.1:134-136 Ja-F
,62. (MIFU, 15:2)
1. Petroza-Todskiy gosudarstvennyy universitet.
(X-ray crystallography)

5/8 7/62./000/0291002/003
'hie
tresses per
at S
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13 tjtU'V -
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f 'a ec, Io all, ater
. dicatjon. vi. eW at3.011 195 e 00
+TV IvIh3.s St 3-S -381v
:Lt . t e probleul 0 O%Vt OL-ill 9- e were
Ft 13.01 is 4-
r er, 6A teel rov d e 'hours
of Some shurlial, tjI OL - .1 0j 2.
--y to study Oil ',darLa 00
,ors St vLtUI
St, icliesU tj- ted vi'de I
nee f 17, XI G 0'aduc, tule 11 (5 Om eali-vk'& tr eatul
preserLt a rW Was ad 0- %Lotc STO
nt I VO S a
e.,,a G es
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tivi f at 6u e J., . or e vu-- refrac-
cycl. used; le I ent ) . Results:
accon -ci-cigue limit was not
Card Card 113 defects of the second type. The

S/857/62/000/029/002/003
Structural defects .... E193/E383
only noticeable effect was misalignment of blocks indicated by
tangential blurring of the spots on the Laue--back-reflection
patterns and by weakening of the secondary extinction effect for,
reflections with high values of Q/-p - No significant distortions
of the third type were observed in steel tested above the fatigue
limit; this, however, could be at~tribut ed to the highly localized
nature of fatigue and the impossibility of locating.the iegion of
maximum distortion. There are 2 figures and 1 table.
Card 3/3

ACCESSION NTR: ILP4025091
AUTHORS: Zazovskaya, I. A.; Shivrin, 0. N.
S101391631000100051009510098
TITLE: Mosaic structure of metallic pOlyGrystals and extinction effects. 2
;'SOURCE: rMZ. Fizika, no. 6, 1963, 95-98'
TOPIC TAGS: extinction effect, microgranular tungsten, x-ray irradiation, coarse
powder, radiography, diffractometer, coherence domain
ABST,%kCT: The extinction effect in coarse and microgranular tungsten powder under
copper and molybdenum x-ray irradiation was studied. The coarse powder avera&ed
0.2-0.25 mm in size, whereas the fine spe~cimen had a mean size of 10.u. Plane
sDecimens were prepared from both types of powders with BF-2 bond, and the radi-
ography was carried out on diffractometer URS-50-I in filtercd copper and
molybdenum. The measurements indicate that the coherence domain dimensions,
evaluated from primary excitation effects, decrease with a decrease in radiation
wave length. Measurements on the microgranular powder, however, show a very Vreak
extinction from both Cu- and Mo-radiations, and even with a nonuniform coherence
domain the results do not show the expected values. Hence, only a general
Ca.rd, -.11A___

ACCESSION NR: AP4025091
qualitat'ive ar'g=ent is established on the optical nature of the coherence domain.
Orig. art. has: 4 figures.
ASSOCIATION: PetrozavodBkiy gosunivot'-~;Ltet (Petrozavod State Univeraity)
SUBMITTED: 12Jun0"2- DATE ACQ: 14Feb64 13NCL: 00
SUB CODE; FE NO REF SOV: 007 OTHER: 001
Card .2/?

VANICHEVA, G.V.; BABICHEVA, M.I.; KULMANEN, E.V.;.-~~PNYNII--Q.N.
Dependence of microhardness on loading. Fiz. met. i metalloved. 17 no.2:
234-236 F '64. (MIRA 17:2)
1. Petrozavodskiy gosudarstvenny iiniversitet.

GERMANOV, Ye.P.; SHIVRITI, 0.1-1.
Change in the integral inten-sity of X-ray re-flecticns of
plastically deformed molybdenum in the state of low-tem-
perature relaxation. Kristallografiia 9 no-4:527-530
JI-Ag 164. (MIRA 17:11)
1. Petrozavodskiy gosudarstvennyy universitet.

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bl;.~-rrjng efeo-cts of X-nay interferercc. Fiz. met. i metallovitd.
1'1~ F) I Q~. (VTftrl~ 18: 3)
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(or accumulating carotene.
their carotene with the advance t,f the veg,-I.ition rk-riod -06
00 ri wherm.-i the leaiici of white c%irrotc show the mKiflit

Z fluctuation%. In the dark, growth omtinu- but there i~
oo carotene formation mbich shuw~ tlutt thrt, I, n., -rc-
lation between carotene anot growth. S. Joffe

0
00
ze

ze 0

A S I - S L A EIALLLQGKAL LITERATLRE CLASSIPtCATtCh I Z'-

SS AT
U U n S v U 0 M W I It 94 -3 '6 4
10
T 1 9
1 0 0 * 0 0

ISTOO
00
0 0 0 0;0

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

*
I'* Ole 0 0 9 0 9 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

0 0 0 of

41
it 13 14 is a it 1i 2d7 a )I v M 19 M it U a M n a I? x x 0 41 a Is 66 azo
so
00
A
vitamin A (carotene) content of WMG tVt2bt"-
The
-00
:~hiyjAmt and L. L. Proiornvsk2m Bull. ApplW
,t';y, "e"dics Mint Breldial (U. S. S. R.), Suppl. 94,
,I.; A 0
r
10 17).-Fivr tomato varictivs .100
ro64-ms 2. M-700, I
00 all :J rxjtato varictivi, I)e , d , were tested for -0
" 1" 4" on""M
their cateo"er", I C red tornattocs contained the
0 21 g. was sufficient to cure a rat - '00
o The pink varitly it was necessary to use 0-3
S.Iorucure. The potatoes contained practimlly no caro-
terte. The cranberries were low in their carotene content.
He a ions were high; only U-075 g. was nv:wary to if.
11,," ."cute. S. J"fTe
I ~41
-4
pie IS
AS a . S L AmITALLUNGbCAL LITERA'FURE CI.ASSIFICATIOM f-I
00 S
.117#j ~11 C., jot It,), j.(
0 "rn U It AT AD t I -I a ow a
Is 9 IT P 11 It rt It N vao n I U An
It at 41 it a Is
oo 0 0 :
0 :0 a 41 0 0 0 0 4

0 0 0 0 6 464-0t-
I I Ill It li 13 Id is 16 ly is " ID a N it u 0 id is it V x It a 41 a a " orie
..D :~v C.010% 1 1-1 ..0 T. LOOM 10
The biolotical method of detennining,,vitamin A.
L. vrox4nuvikaya and A. 14. ShivrillA. k11. Applied
Rol,:nv, (;rmjjirj ptapli jjreed~jnj~(V~"~ -~'R.). .1juppl. 84.
Viwmls ProUtmi 2. .305-10(flS17).-The cu,,vin ucd
00
it, the tfirt for testing the %iturnin A carriers wa, h,-.ltc(l Air
10 ".
dav, at I In-12 Thiq mcthfxl w2i f(puntl tu 1v ju4t
31 r-%I a-% that ed extic, the ca~itl with ale- and Fit,().
Addn,. of fat to the Im-.&I dict No. 1--% of z-bcnitun had ito are 0
influcner on the utili=tion of car~Aere from cam,t%.
J. S. joiTe =00
00
10
90 z
=00
I L EYALLUPGXAL LITE01,76AE C1.11SIFICATIC04 0-
94- Z.
-J0.1 NO.Iq.
It's 71, -mW
V a It Wit Kit 'Kgr Katt ItulkMA 9 1 if IM 2 42 .1 1 v
0 a 9 o a 4 o 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 9 0 4 0 0 0
lop' ~016 '00., "so' 0 * 0 0 a a 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 e 0!41 0 0 0 o 0 a a a

0 0 & 0 0 0 o 0 & 0 0 0 4 0 !__ ~ - - - F7W-W-V--W-_
0 * 4 4 -6-U"
0
0
0 0 0
0
0
a

go
in tont-to
Rellabyt co4t-'nt Oi cmttnoid

varieties. -00
A,I tht, tt-mat') r1;x,M, And lyculwric ountent,
00 inctra-, olictVa, the E.111t. Aamb.-plivil dtA-rrawN- N
I-livil iihilt- camtrill. Will
Collett

zoo

_ge

HA
lot f

.00
-I I It L t A I t It It III It I I %I~F I( A TiC K
09 S
I 14~ 1 -1 1

t,r I;
gg
4j a
ir ir 3, if tr it K It cc (f If (T
"
",
0 0 0 IS 0 9 41 0 1 f 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4, 0 0 of
i
0 a 0 0 0 0 4 0
S
0 a * 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 a
WOM

0 0 * 0 0 0 0 0 0 TIV
91 01 04 so 60 110 0. t, OU lei 11 11 12 11 At is it v a SO a a a U 4A d"O
A A
00 4
of Taniskj'al'i y not" of formaWhyde. 11. A.
1AF Yakirruiv and A, N_Shlvzio&__L A jpplisd CA*m. (U. S.
0410 j S. R ) 14 MO-6(1941).-Tbe preseirvation of industrial
wool'texaW, e. g.. for lkapw nackisey. apinst bacterial
00 a degradation by treatment with CHO was investigated.
00 The intervellular thim of wad, much lower in N and in -00
06 S than is keratin. is poorly resistant to hydrolysis. particu-
lady by boiling HgO and proteolyt t is re-
0 sponsible for swelling of wool oni"=.Y_.= in RIO.
SaIn
ples of cloth were soaked in &q. solus. of CHtO of "oe
known comm. for deWic periods of time, witsbed, dried
and tested for resistance to trypsin (4 g.A. in buffeir soln. .00
0 of pH 82-8.5) at 3D-6'. Untreated ==pl holl ave
Is were I z
destroyed within 2 days. Treatment with 12-15% CH
0e 4 soln. for 24 bris. gave up to 10 days' complete resistan, a 00
J;I Treatment with 5% K.CrA soln. before and after the 100
CHsO treatment zitvve complete resistance for 18 days,
so and the material was not completely destroyed in 39 days.
Pretreatment with I% CrFs soln., and treatment with 12%
CHrO far 24 bra., followed by O-N-hr. treatment in I% Cr-
0 0 ;11 Fl, gave results comparable with the above. B& fluosill- 0 o
cite pre- and after-tres-t also was in this range of ef- roe
fectiveness. The most stable products weire obtained by
8 treatment with natural tai-nin cxU, (e. g.. oak). then with
KjCrA. and finally with CHsO; this prmdure produced No 0
wed having 3D-ZO times the resistance to decompin. that
untreated wool has. Wetted wool cloth "ted 4-6 400
d hrv. at 46-W* with 40g.VLseons CHO percu. in. at trmt- 19* 0
ment chamber after treatment with XsCrA, pve re-
all, sults comparabie with the better of treatments in win. !200
G. M. Kosolapiiff 1300
A S 0 . 5 L A AETALLURGICAL LITINATURZ CLASSWICATION 1390
-00
t.laso L. (m. cat .3ulle4t NIL111 dkv Ili F-
U 11 AV 10 - I I I I
ISI; ; an Kit sets nun Itizan" I X"a , I % v F)d 0 14 11 1 w " 5 A 4, 30 a v A
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 a 0 0 0 0 0 0 a 0 a a 0 0 1
IDT440 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 6 0 * 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 OJUL&1,-0 * 2 2 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1

LOYAGIIIA, Ya.V.; SHIVRIVA, MI.; PLATONOVA, Ye.G.
Chromntogranhic analysis of hydrolysates of the nctive Drincivle of
excrescences produced by the pore fungus Inonotus obliauus f. stprili
Lwith summary in English]. iiokhimiia 23 o.1:41-46 Ja-F '58.
(MIERA 11:3)
1. Laboratoriya novykh nntibiotikov Botanicheskogo instituta im.
V.L.Komarova, Leningrnd.
(CHROMATOGRAPHIC ANALYSIS) (WOOD-DECAYING YUNGI)

NIZKOVSKAYA, O.P.; RILOVA, N.114.; SHIVRIIIU- A.N.; LOVYAGINA, Ye.V.;
PLATONOVA, Ye.G.
Biology and biochemistry of "chaga," the sterile form of Poria
obliqua. Trudy Inst. mikrobiol. no. 6:277-285 159. (MIRA 13:10)
1. Laboratoriya novykh antibiotikov Botanicheskogo instituta AN
SSSR.
(PORIA OBLIQUA)

SHMINA, A.N.; LOTYAGDIA, Ye.V.; PLATONOVA, Ye.G.
Nature and origin of the water-soluble pigment complex formed by
Inonotue obliquus (Pres.) Pil, [with summary in English] Biokhimiia
24 no.1:67-72 Ja-F 1598 ?MIRA 12:4)
1. Laboratory of New Intibiotics, the BotAnical Insitute, Academy of
Sciences of the U.S.S.R., Leningrad.
(FUNGI,
Inonotus obli uus, isolation of water-souble pigment
complex (Rus)l

SHIVRINA, A.N.; NIZKOVSKAYA, O.P.; LOVYAGINA, Te.Y.; PLATONOVA, Ye.G.;
MILOVA, N.M.
Chemical composition of pore fungi at different stages of their
develoDment. Bot.zhur. 44 no.12:1724-1727 D '59.
(MIRL 13:4)
1. Botanicheskiy institut im. V.L.Komarova Akademii nauk SSSR,
Leningrad.
(Mushrooms--Chemical composition)

LOVYAGINA, Ye.V,; SHIVRINA, A.N.; PLATONOVA, Ye.G.
Investigating carbonyl fraction of hydrolysates of a water-soluble
pigment complex produced by the polyporaceous fungus Inonotus obliauus.
Biokhimiia 25 no./+:61+0-6/+5 Jl-Ag '60. (MIRA 13:11) -
1. Laboratory of Biochemistry of Lower Plants, Botanical Institute,
Academy of Sciepces of the U.S.S.R., Leningrad.
(MUSHROOMS) (SINAPALDEHYDE)

NIZOVSKYZA, O.P.; SHURINA, T.; LOVIAGINA, Ye.V.; PLATONOVA, Ye.G.;
MILOVA, N.M.
Conditions for the formation of the pigment complex of Inonotus
obliquus in artificial cultures. Mikrobiologiia 29 no.3:4.4-1-445
MY-Je 160. (MIRA 13:7)
1. Botanichesk17 institut, im. V.L.Komarova AN SSSR, Leningrad.
(WOOD-STAINING FUNGI)

SHIVRINA, A.N.; LOVYJtGIN&, Ye.V.; PLATONOVA, Ye.G.
Spectrophotometric characteristics of a crystalline carbonyl
compound isolated from the pigment complex of ".is fungus
Inonotus obliquus. Dokl.AN SSSR 132 no.6:1444-1447
Je 160. (MIR& 13:6)
1. Botanicheskiy institut im. V.L.Komarova Ak-ademii nauk
SSSR. Predstavleno akademikom &.L. Kureanovym.
(WOOD-LECAYING FUNGI) (CARBONYL COMPOUNDS)

YAY,D-IOV, P,A... prof~, otv. red.; YEFIME-NKO, O~M~2 red.; LOVYAGINA, Ye.V.,,
red,j NIZKOVSKLYA, O.P,., red,J SIUVRINA, A.N.,, -red.; BELKINA, M.A..,
red. izd,-,-Ta; Z~IIDELI, 1-%Ye.,, ie-ld~mle~d.
[Comprehensive study of physiologically active substances of lower
plarits] Kompleksnoe izuchenie fiziologicheaki aktivnykh veshchestv
nizsLikh rastenii. Moskva, Izd-va Akad.nauk SSSR, 1961. 279 p.
(MIRA 14:12)
1. Akademiya nauk SSSR. Botanicheskiy institut. 2. Laboratoriya bio-
klaimii nizshikh rasteniy Botanicheslcogo instituts. im. V.L.Komarova
AD SSSR (for Yakimov, Yefimenko, Lovyagina, Nizkovskaya, Shivrina).
(Harmones (Plants))

SHIVRINA, A.N.
Ohemical and spectrophotometric characteristics of water-soluble
.*nlike compounds formed by the fungus Inonottus obliquns (Pers.)
hu
Pil. Pochvovedenie no-11:51-60 N 162. (MIRA 16:1)
1. lJotanicheskiy institut, imeni V.A.Komarova.
(Wood-decaying fungi) (Humic substances)

SHIVRINA, A.N.; MASLOVA, R.A.
Amino acid composition of humus-type substances formed by some
wood-decaying fungi. Pochvovedenie no.11:63-67 N 163.
(MIRA 16:12)
1. Botanicheskiy institut imeni V.L. Komarova.

smvl-',11,~'A, Ani-on Ina Ni~el:iro%Mll
[Binli aCti-le 5~.j,~;~ances of higher Aulgi~' BJLolC--
gicheski aktiwrje veshchesrva ,ysshikh gribov. Moskva,
Naiika, 1965. 197 P. (MIRA IS'. 3)
1. Chien-korreapondent AN SS&'l (for Feciorev).

SHIVRINA, A.N.
Biologically active compounds in higher fungi. Rast. re2. 1
no.l.-31-41 165. (MIRA 18-.6)
1. Laboratoriya biokhwimil nizshikh rasteniy Botanicheskogo
institute im. V.L. Komarova Ali SSSR, Leningrad.

YEFIMENKO, O.M., otv. red., DIIZKOVSKAYA, O.P., red.; SHIVRB,4A A N
red.; YA-KD,'OV, P.A., red.
(Feed proteins and physiologically active mibstances for
livestock farming; higher furigi as possible sources of their
production] Kormovye belki i fiziolo.-icheski aktivnye ve-
shchestva dlia zhivotnovodstva; vysshie griby kak vozrozh-
nye istochniki ikh polucheniia. Moskva, Nauka, 1965. 126 p.
MIRA 19:1)
1. Akademiya nauk SSSR. Botanicheskiy institut. 2. Labora-
toriya biokhimii nizshikh rasteniy Botanicheskogo instituta
im. V.L.Komarova AN SSSR (for Yakimov, Shivrina).

b7_154
S /C 7; = I I
. - /60/000/0 12/") 1210 ' 9
AO%D!/AO01
Translation from: Ref'erativnyy zhurnal, Astronom-1ya ! Geodeziya, 1960, No. 12,
p. 48, # 12267
AUTHORS; Khaykin, S. E., Kajdanovskiy, N. L., Yesepkina, N. A., ShfvrIE, C).
TITI,E- The Great Fulkovo Radiotelescope
PER-EODIC-AL..,. Izv. G1. astron. observ. v Pulkove, 1960, Vol. 21, No, 5, pp. 3-26
(English summary)
TEXT,-. The authors describe th-~ prirciple, design --id resul-.s of _Irves~.i-
gation of the new mirror radiotelescape for centimeter wavelengths, The radio-
telescope has the large surface of the reflector and is -,haracterized by -Whe high
resolving power. Some astronomical results obtained by means of -.his Instr-ament
are presented. The reflector of the radiotelescope consists of a number of flat
reflecting elements which form a polyhedral surface touching the surface of an
elliptic cone. The reflector transforms the plane incident wave int-c a :ylind-1--al
one with a vertical a-xl.s, The cylindrical wave is tran_zfonmed in-t1o -a so--rica"
one by the sEccad mirror, a parabolic cylinder, The high relative pre~'_Slon
C ard 1/2

87354
The Great Pulkovo Radiote"escope
f J--
th~ diZrnembered refleci.in~c z,-,rface i~ a-.hieved by
pr~-'cise arra-r-,zemert 0
Individual elements, The axis of -,he radio-,el-,-:cope --ar, t =- I-n S t ae d J- n
direction by displacements of reflecting element,S and irr--adiator, 'Gearetf-y C~f tir
reflecting surface, special features of the radioteles~ope diag--al'il.
and kinematics of mechanisms for tre pozitionLng of refiecTing elemen-,s, aare
considered, and the measured charaoterli-ctics Gf the rad'IoTelescope are presented,
There are 22 references.
4/035/6Q/000/0 12./012/) 19
A'DO I /AC"O I
F'rom aut-hors I s--~mrrar-,r
Translator's note., This is the full translation of ~~he original HuSS-lari
Card 2/2

AUTHORS;
TITLE,
.U1
1- ~3
S/141/61/004/003/004/020
E133/E435
Kaydhnovskiy, N,L,, Ikhsanova, V.N.,
Apushkinskiy, G.P,., Shivris, O.N.
Observations of lunar radio emission at a wavelength
X = 2.3 cm, using the large Pulkovo radiotelescope
PERIODICAL,,, Izve5tiya vysshikh -,jcliebnykh zavedeniy, Radiofizika,
1961, Vol.4, No.3, pp.428-432
TEXT~ It has been shown (Ref.-I-, V.S.Troitskiy, Astron.zh., 31,
51-1 (1954)) that measurements of the brightness temperature at the
zentre of the lunar disc permit an estimate to be made of the
equivalent -zonductivity of the lunar surface material. Such
measures, carried out over the -,ourse of a lunation, demand great
stability of the instrument used, In order to minimize the
stability requirements, the antenna temperature was determined
indirectly by measuring the displacement (x) of the centre of
gravity of the emitted lunar radiation from the geometrical centre
of the Moon, Using this met-acd, the amplification coefficient of
the system only has to remain ~-onatant during the course of one
observati-on, The use of the displacement x is discussed in the
Card l/

S/14!/61/004/003/004/020
Observations of lunar radio E133/E435
paper of N.L.Kaydanovskiy and lvis team (Ref.2. Izv. AN SSSR, M.,
1956, P~347)- The results iliere are inaccurate owing to the
fact that the lower reflectivity of the Moon, towards the limb,
was ignored, The antenna temperature is derived from the
displacement in the way which ha8 been described by Traitskiy
(Ref,l). Only the first harmonic term is retained in the present
paper, The -variation of x Yrith the amplitude of the variable
component of the brightness temperature at the centre of the disc
is thuz obtained, The Lheoiy ul Ttoitoltiy assumes that the
Moon's orbit lies in the ecliptic plane and that there is no
libration. This approximation is applicable except near new, or
full, moon. At these latter times, however, the displacement of
the centre of gravity of the lunar radiation is small and,
therefore, the deviations can also be ignored at these points.
The authors discuss the use of an antenna with a low half-width
in one coordinate and a considerably greater half width in the
other coordinate (Fig.2). Su:-h an antenna can be used so long as
the pattern is elongated parallel to the plane of the Earth-Moon
axes, so long as it is trailE-d in a direction perpendicular to this.
Observations of the Moon wer;_: inside in October-December 1959 at
Card 2//

30753
S/ilil/61/004/003/004/020
Observations of lunar radio ... E133/E435
X =-:2.3 cm on the large Pulkovo telescope. The angular
resolution of the antenna was 21 in one direction and 201 to 10
in the other. The observations were made with the Moon at upper
culmination in order to fulfil the conditions mentioned in the
previous paragraph. Fig.4 shows the variation of x with lunar
phase. x = 0'.17 (Wt - 350), where t is counted from the new
Moon. The accuracy of this expression is + 30%. The amplitude
of the variable component at the centre of The lunar disc is, hence,
derived as 13.5 + 40K. Acknowledgments are.expreBsed to
S.E.Khaykin and X.A.Novysh. There.are 4 figures and 4 Soviet-bloc
references.
ASSOCIATION: Glavnaya aBtronomicheskaya observatoriya AN SSSR
(Main Astronomical Observatory AS USSR)
SUBMITTED: October 7, 1960
Card 3/4'

VLASOV, A.G.; PONOMAREV, V.P.; SKITYRTALOV, M.T.; SHCHENIN, P.M.
Vacuum systems for electron accelerators. Izv. TPI
122:99-107 162. (MIRA 17:9)

--re
an-i
and ','ethyl F'nz-,-lv-*)-,--' c-'r'l inn"
I '~'Attu, irr-n, 'c-i A. j7. FaVrrSkj-,T, T
1 Y
t hr.-,ri-le and r: a L ror., icl e7 n
yl iri nyl 1- t~- t~-.rtiarv- e
C., re~-~rectivplv cll)rlle~", 0~)
undeocrir e,-. e r a' ur c In, ~zac-~ ca--,e a
c
;en:n lac,~, -n. an,~',
-an Z

k~~T , -o j:vt-% ~' '-', _A ~-~ -, ~'j . ,
SHIYAN, A.A., gornyy inzh.
Mine 1,10.7-7bis fights for the title of enterprise of communist
I lAor. Ugol' 36 no.7:5 Jl '61. (MIRA 15:2)
.1
1. Shakhta No.7-7-bis tresta Artemugol' kombinata Primoskugol'.
(Uglovoye Basin--Coal mines and mining--Labor productivity)

MOTSNYYY A.V.; SHIYAN, F-I.; BAZILEEVSKIY, A.R.; VOLOSHINA, !4.14.
Treating internal surfaces of ingot molds with a powdered-wtal
paste. Sbor.rats.predl.vnedr.v proizv. no.41:17 160. (KERA 14:F)
1. Yenallciyevskiy metallurgicheskiy zavod.
(Foundries.-.-Equipment and supplies)

SHIYAN~ I.V.
Use of diacarb in the treatment of internal diseases* Sovemedo
24 no.3:132-135 I.L- 16~. (MM 1483)
1. Iz gospitallnoy terapevticheakoy kliniki (dir.-- doyetvitellnyy
chlen AMN SSSR'prof. A.L. Myasnikov) I Moskovskogo 6.rdena Lening-
meditBinskogo instituta imenj I.M. Sechenova.
(THIADIAZOLESULFONAMIDE) (HEART FAILURE)
(HYPERT=ION)

SHIYAN, I.V._;__-LIJZKOVA, S.L.; M.ATVEYEVAq L.S.; ZILDVA.9 A.N.
Osseous form of xanthomatosis in adults. Klin. med. 38 no. 4:141-
11+5 Ap 160. (MIRA ll+:l)
(LIFOIDOSIS)

~.)M I YAH, I . V. CAND fJED SC 0 FTONUS AND PER-
MEABILITY OF VESSELS IN CHRONIC ALCOHOLISM." VITEBSK, 1961.
(VITEBSK STATE NIED INST). (KL-DV, 11-61, 231).

- SHIYAN,
Tonus and permeability of the blood vesFels in chronic alcoholism.
TeraD. arkh. 33 no.5.'32-40 My 161. (MIRA 14-12)
L Iz fakul"tetskoy terapevticheskoy kliniki (dir. - prof. A. G.
Gukasyan) sanitarno-gigiyenicheslwgo fakullteta I Moskovskogo ordena
Lenina meditsinskogo instituta, imeni I. M. Sechenova.
(ALCOHOLISM) (CAPILLARIES-PMUIEABILITY)

AYDUSHRYA, M.P.; VOSTRIKOVA, V.A.; LIPTANSKATA, R.S.; SHITAN, K.K.-,-Prinimali
uchastiye., ANTMTS, L.G., nauchnyy sotrudnik; BELMMINA, S.G..
nauchnyy sotrudaik; WrUNOT, T.D., nauchnyy sotrudaik; SUN, B.S.,
nauchnyy sotrudnik; LYCHAGIN, H.S. 3M, A.D., kand.istor.nauk, red.;
VORONINA, V.H., red.; SHETCHENKO, M.G., tekhn.red.
[History of the Kharkov Locomotive Plant from 1895 to 1917; collected
documents and materials] Iatoriia Kharlkovokogo paravozostroitellnogo
zavods. 1895-1917 99.; abornik dokumentov i materialov. KharIkov,
Khartkovskoe obl.izd-vo, 1956. 378 p. WRA 14:1)
1. Kharkov. (Province) Gosudarstvennyy arkhiv. 2. Gosudarstvenn"
arkhiv Khorikovskoy oblasti (for Antonets, Belenkinal Tavlanov, Shain).
(Llwrkov--LocomotiveE--Constrtiction)

SHIYAN, Kirill Karpovich LSbyian, K.1; NEKRABOVA, L., red.; LYAWIN,
V., tekhn.red.
(Struggle of Ukrainian workers for the restoration of industry,
1921-19251 Borot'ba robitnychoho klasu Ukrainy za vidbudovu
promyslovosti, 1921-1925 rr. Kyiv, Derzh.vyd-vo polit.lit-ry
URSa, 1959. 302 p. (MIRA 13:2)
(Ukraine--Economic conditions)

SHIYAN, T.S.
Organizing local population labor force for road work. Avt.dor.
19 no.1:19-21 Ja '56. (HLRA 9:5)
1. Zaveduyushchiy Priazovskim rayavtoshoadorom.
(Zaporozh'ye Province--Road construction workers)

PROTASOV, N.F.; STEFANOV, V.Ye.; DEMCHENKO, V.P.;.~IIIYAN,_V.A.;
KRISIITAFOVICH , P.D.
Rolling SVP-17 and 27 shapes with a greater incline of the walls.
Metallurg 8 no.9:31-34 S 163. (MIRA 16:10)
1. Zavod "Azovstall.11
(Rolling (Metalwork))

PPOTASOV, D.F.; STEFATTOV, V. Ye.; SHIYANI, V.A.; DRACHENKO, V.P.;
KRISETAFOVICHI P.D. I
Rolling of a Ito. 16 c'annel by the gradual bending method.
Metallurg 9 no.1:27-29 Ja 164 (MIRA 18:1)
1. Zavod "'Azovstall't.

fol li
J~j
L (A 1,Az, -, ta

MAK-HALIN, B.D.; SHIYAII. V.G. .
Stresses in chills during the centrifugal casting of ii-on tubes.
Lit.proizv. no.11:26-27 N 161. (HIRA 14-10)
(Centrifuga-'L casting) (Thermal stresses)

SHITYAN, V.G.,- DAVYDOV, V.A.
Ex-
,pamsion of pipe production from high-,5trength cast iron.
Meta.Uurg 6 no.ii.-27-29 N 161. (14M 24--11)
L. Ula-ainskiy nauchno-issledovateltskiy trubnyy institut,
(Pipe., Cast iron)