SCIENTIFIC ABSTRACT SHAMOVSKIY, L.M. - SHAMRAY, B.V.

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• Collection: Scientific Abstracts
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• Sequence Number: 2
• Publication Date: December 31, 1967
• Content Type: SCIENTIFIC ABSTRACT

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MECHANISM OF ADorrfvs cOLORA
ZION OF ALKAL
IfALIDE CRYPTAU [MMnovayt
I
MY-
'_ -va'
L I R ba a,- sUJjigM&W Translated trom
i ikiL-IY-A-k--d."'N-ukS.S.--.R.9l,67.7Oil953). 4p. (NSF-
tr-32; D-91-M
It Is shown experimentally that Me position and shape of
the V hand and the limiting concentration of the Color
centers are not affected by the choice of alkali metal U the
coloration proeeu takas place to saturated vapors of that
metal. Additive coloring of KCI In vapors of 9, Na, Rb,
and Ce to discussed. The lindtIng concentration of the F
centera was it,* same despite coneklerablo differences In
the derailty of the saturated vapors and in the ionization
potential of the metals. The concentration of the F centers
was determined by the optical method from the maximum
and the balf-width of the F band. It was Inferred that the
P.oceaa of additive coloring of crystals to not reversible.
It was established experimentally that, after additive
coloring of a crystal to the saturated vapor of a metal, a
lowering of the temperature under the same experimental
conditions does not result to a decrease In the Initial con-
centration of the F centers. The possibility of the transfer
of electrons at high temperature from a metal into the
crystal when the two are in direct contact was examined.
A discussion of the kinetics of additive coloring Is presents&
The rate of penetration of a colored cloud Into a cryitall of
KCI In contact with i1quid K ~a found to be 2.03 mm/hr at
703'. 0.87 mm/hr at 600, and 0.49 mm/hr at 500*. When
tbi temperature In farther reduced, the rate of-eeloring
drops sharply. The removal of the anions from the lattice,
even under the influence of a high poteattal' gradient, to an
adended process. An attempt w" made to explain why the
same concentration Is obtained In the saturated vapors of
different alkali metals. It was concluded that the process
(if AMMYS Coloring can be used to determine the equi-
11brium concentration of the anion sites. During additive
.,Qlorft in nonsaturated vapors of the met, the limiting
concentration of the F centers will depend not only an the
presence of vacant anion sites in the crystal but also on the
partial pressure of the metal In the surroundlell; vapor and
an the temperature of the salt which is being colored. A
discudsion of the mechanism of bleaching of additivaly
colored crystals Is given. MA.G.) ~0

USSR/Physics - Alkali-Halide 11 Jul 53
Crystals
"Formation of V-Centers in Alkali Halide Crystals
During Additive Dying in Halide Vapor," L. M.
Shamovskiy, All-Union Inst of Mineral Raw Materials
DAN SSSR, Vol all, No 2, pp 229-232
Criticizes work by E. Mollwo (Ann. d. Phys. 29
(1937)) from viewpoints of recent theories. Estab-
lished that two maxima-, studied by Mollwo, in ultra-
violet part of absorption spectrum coincide with
band of V-centers, appearing under irradiation by
X-rays. Presented by A:cad A. N. Terenin 12 May 53.
276T95

ill Kingle crvstals of alkali halide
,.11*,!; lind -onle props' am"".. -
rlies. " __1 1. $h, skil ;I'Itl
i M. MkMdy Abv!. A',.,7k .1; ..... 77F 0
'77 7 T'.
t 1~
', ds from th, smelt ma, be incorporait-d ill
forl), ~,f a or as a pl7t. in the form of thin
l;,itimbry muLitc- Thv impuritv distri-
tllml~; on tht i~ .ha'v diagrim fur a given svstent
t oft I!!" Characteristics of the graill
z' 't%'. I,-t-i. b, tile equality of its activity iii tile
ImpuritiLs %vhich ifis-
I';,- ~'tartillg Salt 1mve tile lowest activity.
'0111'. of limi!Cd Compil. lead to filln
V/4
if
fO-111,lt il M ill Ytaill IPAIVO 1; 'i , with ntllv traces of
Kuwliv umplitiolls f" cryi!af gruwt~ illil:%Ctice th'-,
,iiiii of irnwiritie, pie i;r~~Icnee -f filtim -an
1y, hv ummt,, :f additive colmatina.
introdliced OwIl'a CmIltrh. into cr'-'tak Contg. t-"Lv.v
imjjmitie~ lcml to mixol colormion. F-crsiters -ire 1~~ nv~!
i,ith tiv! 5ub~vqticvt tranifer (If P.I,ctrorv z to tb;, mi~
Ii,!.,vv uivial tnips. Re.,%~rsal (If thii '~itrrurtt rc;uIL;
T~I:Jovat of r'C,,jjter, onIv. S111110-1 III, '-Zv fl~':Ivilv
i,ith inipistit -v yield dccrcasi,ig of r~xntm;
a 'it:11v is att.linv,l such that no F-,vntr-.s ca
evert " ith jv~t,~,nti it vtwlieutF up to -fietc,.
~fgc;. miti. impttrit-' coucit. f,,r this to occtfr
gi-ant of th,_~ tne;t. St
-n. tIv- form of lite pNt~;,; (liar
col'~rvil slo-xiv in a?kali %II-W ~ool-
F-Cent, " tin not [onn. co!omtion iz w.- influenred ir _.k
rwids. It i, Coitchid"I that the 1!, 11, Color c'-fiv-i
(roll, ti, If g
graill 1,01111darie Thi i I
The li'llitill.- mricn. nf activator forming ii-v
much Ioi,er than it~ toLd corm?. in ti-;.-
Since eltcr~-I' Calmot h'_. intrNhiced m(o the corlducnoil
havid, th,,l' are ava;lablc twither ffir the forniatkia (if m ictA
acti-tt (It atotlis at lattice dittos 1"nr for locali-ation 1:1 :kldr.~.
lacallcle;
Atouts of the alkali uittal cimnot difftj~c %vid;;ti
the 1. tticl-; thus, such migratiou is Pot.,sible "Tily in
boundaritn~ k:,) Tht: jujj,.-~4ibilitv r)f ~ICC~temtion of t!~Ct
process of arlditive coloration by All aj3pliCIf CIVC. fiLM i~
, ~Wence that cokwing takes place by migration of ;ww,A
atoms along airt boundaries folloxed by reactions of Oze
, Rr
sort: AgCl + K ~ KCI + Az; ~vl = -73.9kcal. FindiLT
"llbstantilfing (TIN are pr~~(.Tltcd. Ir.

USSR/Chemistry Physical chemistry
Card 1 1/1 Alb. 147 - 13/25
Authors Shamovskiy.. L. M... and Oosteva., M..I.
Title Additive coloring of mixed El - WG12 crystals
Periodical Mir. fiz. khim. 28/7., 1266 - 12713 July 1954
Abstract Experimental data on the specific concentration of F-centers in 101
crystals with cadmium ion admixtures. The F-ceeters, originating
during additive coloring in saturated alkali, metal vapors, remain
unaffected by any Cd++ concentration.' The effect of beating the
additionally colored crystal in saturated Cd-vapors, on the separation
of the F-centers from the lattice, is discussed. Results bbtained
by measuring the absorption spectra of pure KC1 crystals., after
additive coloring in saturated vapors and rapid cooling. are shown in
graphs. Thirteen references: 7 USA; 3 USSR and 3 Germa; (1933 - 1953).
Institution : All-Union Scientific Resch.Inatitof Minerals,, Moscow
Submitted : November 13, 1953

ri F% k"-
US,cR/Physics - X-ray analysis
Card 1/1 Pub. 22 - 13/40
Authors Shamovskiy, L. M.; RodionovaL. M.; Sidorenko, G. A.; and Zhvanko, Yu. N.
Title X-ray investigation of monocrystal nhos-,)hori, NaCl & KC1, activated with
silver chloride
Periodical : Dok. AN SSSR 99/% 235-238, Nov 11, 1954
Abstract t Ex-oeriments were rerformed for the pyrpose of studying the nature of monocrys-
tallic phosnhori [NaCl, KC1, NaCl(Ag') and KC1(Ag4)3. The experiments were
conducted with the helD of a smcial X-ray apparatus. Laue-grams were obtain-
ed and studied. The results and conclusions are presented. Eight references;
2-US3H (1923-1954). Illustrations.
Institution : The All-Union Scientific Research Institute for Raw Materials
Presented by: Academician M. V. Belov, June 24, 1954

USER/Physics Chemistry
Card 1/1 Pub. 22 - 11/40
Authors : Shamovskiy, L. M., and Rodionova, L. M.
Title : Micro-hetergeneous structure of phosphori,
KCI (~g+) and NaCI (Ag+)
Periodical : Dok. AN SSR 99/3, 381-384, Nov 21, 1954
Abstract : Experiments with crystallic phosphori are described. The method of additive
coloring was used for conducting the experiments which were intended to de-
termine the properties of the activators. The experiments showed that ions
of an activator react either with electrons (when the coloring takes place
in vapors of alkali metals) or with "holes" (when the coloring takes place
in a halide's gas (atmospheres. Sixteen references: 5-USSR 11-Foreign
(1930-1953). Illustrations; graph.
Institution : All-Union Institute of Mineral Raw Material
Presented by : Academician N. V. Belov., June -., 1954

Physical-chemical Investigation of reaction of m!W ICSIL.-
X
-arbonate- ith calcium chloride. L. Nl All-
1111ion flist ;1111111151101-71~-.111.1
ii "'MI, 1" ~~T it.
I-j 7 FtEM . 7 Pla,
1955, equil. nf tht, reaction MnC04(s)
CaC4 ~Uq. soln.) ;-! cacob) -f- Milel. 00111.) Iva, studied
at 100 and 200' in concni. of CaCh front I to 8 nioles/l.
of water, The expts. Nvem made in scaled g'.a~;s ainpuls
colitg. pure '.%ItiCOj.'/.YfO (in excess) and 15 ml. of CaCli
soln. After shaking for several hrs. in a coust.-terup. bitth,
the ampuls were rapidly cooled, and the contents filtered
through a glass filter and analyzed for Nln++ and Ca++.
In conens. of CaC4 up to 3.4 moles1l. the ratio (?,fn++]/
(Ca++l - 6.65 X 10-3 was const. at 100*. This value.
underwent a sharp increase with the further increase in the
concn. of CaCl:, showing a sharp change in the isotherm at
3.42 moles/I. This concn. approx. corresponds to the
coricn. of CaCh at the crynhydric point of its soly. in water.
A similar change in the 20ONsotherm occurred at the lower
conen. of CaClj. Froin the av. value of equil. coust.
(K. - 0.00218). which remained practically unchanged
within 2.8-4.8 moles/I. of CaC],, the calcd. value of APm.
%vas4540cal. Graphs and 14 references. A. P. Kotloby

7Z

-7

% v ui*
and A
Ili A. A.
A41 Aka
d d.
.5-7(1956 English traaila tloij);-:D~
i
l
o
ot
Th
d
I 1
14
-~
e
cc
n
an
.
.i
without added*TH do. tj
tals with and Was Mcaiured t~i e'.
'Me
the atter va cation_~~nd.
9f
maintained: at. temps. between SW and 10MIK. while -
-c. /sec. %viih. ' -el
Mesmlremedts~ W=e made at I k a M31. CL-.
r
tr6de.potential of 10 V.'. Small ad4s. of Tit cause a doop in
th~, structure4tnsitive part of the can S. 4tup, cun
-
~
This its kro*n effect of.reducing,photwywan~
agrees with
increasing luminescent ylelds., The'latrinsfe coad. ts not
.-of III because theti 46 not
z=dY affected by satall addus;
change the cotfcn. and niobility -of sauctuxul (Idev". - Hisfi

*hich' by Comoting with hole cond.; prodUeek th~ tftct

-
,,a T,
" -,~ g,: - yUSSR/Electricity - Dielectrics
Abs Jo,,Lr Ref Zhur - Fizik-a, No 2, 1957, No 4115
G-2
erergy of the thermal dissociation of the V, centers in silver bromide
is folmd to be approximately 0.3 electron volts. No F-centers are
fonned in silver bromide owing to the absence of a~-icn vacancies in
its lattice.
Card 212

of Interlattice Ag jui),i. 'Ifin ah,.:uvptinn-qpcctmTn menjurL.
6itititigre(A vJdl fJw1l;t[ 00tio. mwl-- on Ajgir and KDr by
other Tht'. 1-011d fqhrf:%l;*odr(1 to Dr "Lols.
adsorbed on outcr und hw.,r mir facu-i uf the cryi1mL Hak?u
gen atoul'; dr mot diffu:~c ;u (lie cm
- I(ql -,%Ild, liellee.
vltmnt aulanic lattice points, u~_c~.ntry for tht~ formation of
jv centers, caunot. bv- form,~l ou phololyr.6 of AgBr.
1K,-

L
i _7

.7
2
u
v
m
ri
u
f
and Xa-a-442aUri. Vakfa4y Afta.~ NO"
'
Z., R. III, 140-3(1950),~Tbe location and intensity of
-
w
64 long-wave absorptinn,band of a KI(TI) ph aphar
altidied it diffe.-ent activator ip6ricas. (Tl,, T1 0, T14 in I
-Tile samplesstudied were picked ouffrom lhzfiilddle~
T11).
Al seLtion of crystals, and the samptc,3 for au;lysls were;
-om the
selecttil fj same section; 11 was deffl. piA
Lmll-~, and the absorption spectra were C-,L-llred spvetro-~
photometrimfir, for pialishcd plates of the pho~;piiors 1;p tQ4
O.OSimn.luduckness. The KI pho!;phors tested with all th,-
i activators used had max. absorption bmids-at 285 and _'12',;

ab-1
At equal I TI couca. the crystals differed only in tile
-eff. v- -se half-I
Sorption cc lines, and, somewb3t on the ba
Nvidth, with no tiddrd. baritIs characterizing the anions In!
lurninescarice with ultraviolet excitation a band with a
at 410 inju -,9a3 observed, and this max. was weakened and ani
addid. very wide band with a max. at 460 m;t was observed; W,
with T11 as activator. The least so]- Tf compris.
most intense absorption bands at equal TI conens. The con
elusions rmched were tMt only part of the activat Which
have a particular location.in the crystal, aciivated.the KI.
(TI) phosphors; the a6tivator ions.were not active in the abim-
-orption &pcctri VfL thc!.
phosphors, or In their luminescence,
.
the activator cmated a systera of deep local levelt for ele&,
r holes when distributed on the surface of contacts,
trons ri
X-rays prodmed a long and brilliant phosphorescence, wNch
itistifici the opinion that the activator located on the crystal!
s-.1i im is active in crystals in which the activator is known to,
~--Ult, but w1wrc are structui-J defects for a tem4
Ui vkCl,roni and

A

5 1 - 5 - 6
MHORS: Shamovskiy, L. Dunina, A.A. and Ziavanko, Yu.N.
TITLE: The Structure of the Alkali Halide P*Lcs-u:-.ors and tile
Mechanism of the Processes of their Luminescence.
(Struktura shchelochno-galoidnykh fosforov i mekhanizm
protsessov lyuminestsentsii)
PERIODICAL: 05tfl~m i Spektroskopiya,1957, Vol.2, Nr 5, pp.599-605
(USSR
ABSTBACT: The authors studTr the interaction of electrons and holes
with the activator in phosphors. Their results can be given
by the band model proposed by Lambe and Klick (14). The
latter two authors report luminescence as recombination of
holes with electrons localised on the activator in the
process of excitation of the phosphor. The authors of this
paper supplement this model by limiting the possibility of
such recombination to the activator which is situated on
contact surfaces. The effect of the activator on the elec-
trical conductivity was studied in crystals of KI and KI-T1
grown in vacuum. These samples were placed between platin-
um electrodes and heated in electrical furnaces. Their
electrical conductivity was measured at 1000 cls. Lependence
Uard 1/3
51-5-8/26
The -Structure of the Alkali Halide Phosphors and the Mechanism of
L-he Processes of their Luminescence.
of the electrical conductivity on temperature is given in
Fig.2. For -Eure KI (curve 1) the values in Fig.2 agree
with those given in Ref.23. Straight line 2 in Fig.2 is
an extrapolation of the intrinsic conductivity of pure--KI
to low temperatures. Curves 39 4 and 5 give the conducti-
vity of the KI-Tl phosphor with 0,01% by weight of TlIj
0.1% TlI and 10% TH respectively. The results indicate
that small amounts of TlI in KI decrease the structure-
sensitive conductivity of the crystals. These effects are
equivalent to strong cooling of KI. The luminescence ofthe
t7re crystals and of the phosphors is similar in nature.
Yn both cases the contact surfaces are the places of local-
isation of electrons and holes which then recombine to emit
radiation. The activator changes the properties of the
contact surfaces by forming deeper levels of electron local-
isation. This changes the emission spectrum of the Crystal.
Small additions of the activator do not materially affect
the intrinsic conductivity of the crystals. At high acti-
vator concentrations the structure-sensitive conductivity
increases. Simultaneously ultraviolet luminescence yield
Card 2/3 decreases and emission in the visible spectrum becomes

51-6 -2-3/26
AUTHORS: Zhvanko, Yu. N., Morgenshtern, Z. L. and
Shamovskiy, L. Y.
-TITLEt Study of the properties of phosphors KI-In and
KI-Ga. (Issledovaniye svoystv fosforov hJ-In i
KJ-Ga.)
F!~RIODICAL: Optika i Spektroskopiya, 1967, Vol.II, Nr.06,
pp. 821-823. (USSR)
ABSTRACT: This paper deals with properties of KI phosphors
activated with analogues of T1. Single crystals of KI
activated with various amcunts of Tl, In and Ga were
prepared. All samples were prepared under the same
conditions in sealed quartz ampoules by the method
described in Ref.3. Activators were introduced in
metallic form. To avoid oxidation the crystals were
prepared in an atmosphere of hydrogen. When excited
with a mercury lamp KI-In emits yellow-green and KI-Ga
orange light. The luminescence spectra of KI-Tl,
KI-In and KI-Ga are shown in Fig.!. The absorption
Card 1/2 spectra of the three phosphors are shown in Fig.2.

AUTHORS: Shamovskiy, L. M. and Zhvanko, Yu, N. 51-3-10/14
TITLE: Electron-acceptor Levels in Alkali Halide Crystalline
Ph.osphors,which are due to the Activator.
'lektronno-aktseptornyye urovni v shchelochnogaloid-
nykh kristallofosforakh, svyazannyye a aktivatorom.)
PERIODICAL: Optika i Spektroskopiya, 1957, Vol.III, Nr.3, pp.267-271.
(USSR)
ABSTRACT: Interaction of the activator in alkali halide phosphors
with electrons and holeswhich were introduced into the
crystal by additive coloringwas studied. This was donta
by measuring absorption spectra of a KI-Tl crystal after
additive coloring in iodine vapours. This coloring
process introduces holes and removes an equivalent amount
of cations. On subsequent cooling of the crystal some
of these holes associate with vacant cation sites and form
V-centres. The absorption spectrum of KI-T1 is shown in
Fig.1 curve 1. The additional band due to V-centres in
KI produced by coloring at 5400C is shown in Fig.1 curve 2.
No changes occur in the activator bands and the crystal
Card 1/3 does not lose its power to luminesce. It is concluded

.51-3-10/14
Electron-acceptor Levels in Alkali Halide Crystalline Phosphors,
which are due to the Activator.
that holes are not localised by the activator and do not
cause transitions of the latter into excited or ionised
states. Studies of interaction of electrons at the
activator were made for KI-Tl and KI-In phosphors*
The absorption spectrum of the latter is ahown in Fig.2p
curve 1. The activator bands of curve 1 disappear on
additive coloring of KI-In in potassium vapours (Fig.2,
curve 2), The absorption spectra of colored phosphors
NaOl-Eg and X01-Ag are shown in Fig.3. It was found
that the activator was raised to the atomic state by
capturing electrons at contact surfaces of polyhedral
substructure. The activator band disappears then
completely and the crystal loses its ability to luminesce.
Additional bands characteristic of the activator atoms
and their colloidal aggregates appear in the spectrum.
Holes do not,interact with the activator and ionised
centres of emission are not formed. The results are best
/3 represented by a band model proposed by Lambe and Klick
Card 2 (Ref,13) for ZnS phosphors. The latter two authors

51-43-10/14
Electron-acooptor Levels in Alkali Halide Orystalline Phosphorep
which are due to the Activator.
regard luminescence as a recombination of a hole with an
electron loealised at the activator. The present authors
add a limitation that electrons can be loealised only at
contact surfaces. There are 3 figures and 13 references,
9 of which are Slavic.
ASSOOIATIONi All-Union Institute of 14ineral Raw Materials.
'(Vaesorufnyy institutminerAlInOga; syrlys,O
SUBMITTEDI JanUary 21, 1957t
AVAIL4�LSi Library of Congress
Oard 6/3

48-4-34/48
TITLE: Surface-Activated Phosphors (Poverkhnostno-aktivirovannyye
fosfory)
3. The most soluble compounds of the activator (which form
solid substitution solutions with the basic substance of the
phosphor) give rise to less intensive bands of additional
absorption at equal concentrations.
4. The intensity of activator bands in the phosphor ab-
sorption spectrum rises proportionally to the concentration
of introduced impurities withiri certain lim'-ts.
In order to investigate the problem, in which of the two
states of the activator it forms electron-acceptor levels,
single crystals of KC1 and NaCl were synthesized with an addi-
tion of various quantities of AgCl as an activator.
The dependence of absorption coefficient on the activator con-
centration is shown in Figure 3 in the article. The result
confirms the conclusion on double distribution of the activator,
and moreover, indicates that atomic centers arise only on the
contact surfaces. It means that the activator creates electron-
acceptor levels only on the boundaries of units of the micro-
heterogeneous structure.
Card /*

48_4--~4 /48
TITLE: Surface-Activated Phosphors (Poverkhnostno-aktivirov~anlhyye
foafory)
A new phosphor was produced: single crystals of NaBr activated
with InSe. When this phosphor is excited by light, a distinctly
expressed photoconductivity is discovered in the activator
bands. Photo-current carriers proved to be electrons.
Experimental materials obtained permit to conclude that acti-
vating impurities used in the growth of phosphors lead to
polyedric structure of crystals. The mosaic structure of al-
kali-haloid phosphors is their fundamental property. The
spectrum of additional absorption is determined by the activa-
tor located on intercrystalline surfaces. Deep localization
levels of electrons arise on these contact surfaces. Their
recombination with holes gives rise to liberation of energy in
the form of radiation. The luminescence spectrum is determined
by the difference in energies of localizaed holes and electrons
in contact surfaces. Therefore, alkali-haloid phosphors are
surface-activated crystals.
The article contains 6 graphs.
The bibliography lists 30 references, of which 14 are Slavic.
Card 3/4

SUBJECT; USSR/Luminescence 48-5-18/56
AUTHORS: Shamovskiy L.M., Dunina A.A. and Zhvanko Yu.N.
TITLE- Structure of Alkali-Haloid Phosphors and Mechanism of Lumine8-
cence processes (Struktura shchelochno-galoidnykh foaforov i
makhaitizm protsessov lyuminesteeritsii)
PERIODICAL: Izvestiya Akademii Nauk SSSR, Seriya Fizicheskaya, 1957,
Vol 21, #5, pp 675-677 (USSR)
~'BSTRACT: Investigations carried out have ahown that:
1. In the presence of holes 'and V-centers) the position,
shape and intensity of activator bands in alkali-haloid phos-
phors remains unchanged;
2. On the contrary, the activator localizes electrons. At
that, additional absorption bands completely disappear, and
at the same time the crysta~loses its ability to be lumines-
cent, It was established that the centers of electron locali-
zation are in the contact surfaces of polyhedral structure of
phosphors.
3. Ions of an activator in the lattice nodes are neither
donors nor acceptors of electrons and therefore, take no
Card 112 immediate part in the phenomena of luminescence.

StDJECTz USSR/Luminescence
48-r--4'/56
AUTHORS: Zhvanko Yu.N., Alorgenshtern Z,L. and Shamovskiy L.M.
TITLE: Investigation of the Properties of KJ-In and KJ-G& Phosphors
(Issledovaniye svoystv fosforov KJ-In i KJ-Ga)
PERIODICAL: Izvestiya Akademii Nauk SSSR, Seriya Fizicheskaya, 1957,
Vol 21, #5, P 752 (USSR)
ABSTRACT: PHosphors based on potassium iodide and activated by In an0a
were produced and investigated.
The KJ-In crystals show yellow-green luminescence (Ama,
' 50 m^)
and KJ-Ga crystals show orange luminescence (.A 600 vy4 at
max
photoexcitation.
The introduction of In or Ga, as well as TI, leads to the aris-
ing of characteristic activator bands on the long wavelength
edge of the internal absorption of a basic substance. In the
KJ-In phosphor are observed bands withl ,-/ 230 m/tj- and
max
262 m and one weak band with maxr--/310 M/ t,&. Tn the absorp-
tion spectrum of KJ-G& two intensive bands with-k r,-.,,230 m L-v
Card 112 max

and
a

~-Pctra-
~
is
.
onoci
,,Lc- lide ..

jj~-jvjrOvann--lr:h indi-,

2 1 V-` -
-Gh thallium, indiu7- ~:-!C-l
1 U e ,
d
t v
-
-
-he absoluill-e quant-u-n -YiOld
(of the oi~der of 0.95)- e
1 1i ~
h
v r
l
y
r -oort-s investi~--aticn (D-

qescenc,,
nd lumi -
on
-
.
L) I I c s iu:a

s brouJ,L,3-,- -nd iodides c
-i~c VL C e

2ho, activ,~:tcll
rd 1/6 1

Do
2120
C -6 r o
n a n
-Ir a b S o ! p 0 11~ S p c Gra
fj
I V
01

~51-- 4

dp

YM

r J -.,lso 7-~--,du, Uc:j~-tr- a-4
n! T 3Y-1c "ho absoi~jt-on
-ied --irc in _,'i

v
o n o e -f i c i o f the 17)~
iodidGO ~L - I u
t" b-nd v-'i'-!- 0~ -h,~
L.,--*,-.-%ratOI:- concenti-a-t,- on ai f!: sLer in te~e
r -,,.uv,~-,I.(:;nbth band. CsCl-in samples brea up r--'- o
crystril.,~ in ,:,,cchanic-al pru,-)aration. "Cl
i,,~;asor. t",-ka absorpt-or- 4-pectrd- of CcCl-ln 1-: t t
al disturiluut-l-on of o-
f~:Tp-ctra for all Pilospilorc
-I I'a i-n, ral SiZil Lai, t-le t:)e absor-pi- - on
U By
of ar! --,- excitation spectra 0- T -Cl-In,
Ul U L u
F O-L-i
-1-7'r-In
-1'd, JSI-In are -iven i21
-a-11:11171 0': u-
c t I"a, in The ~;
Card L,,16 lbl-sld i-- displaced to-,.,..-ards lend; .-Javelen-t'-'s on

-i 14::0
51-4
1~1 c r C., c J -
L.J c n L:-"d 1;.i7
Z.
a 1
1-D-1 o c iL
o ride s t o i odide
t
obtainc-d v-itl! r-3--uits fcl-
pT;oE:j;',,or~: 7,cUivat,ed t',-~tMiLIL,~ Wef.2). I I
.e- -in
ner-1, arch ~Ji;~Jlar for In
activators. -2h-. abSorption bands of
U
--pi--,ors occur at lonrer ,.vaave1erlL;u"hs than 2
tion bL~.ndz- of t1h,'-.1lium-actuivatued phosohors Llult-llcr-
i. " o r t f 0 i n d i c -U" i 1rat e d 1) 1 --, o S z ~c, 11 o r s t 1. ) eu ~U- Io r -f t. D - Lr i d
C 011 c i,~~ILO ra ble split- 1-1 in f. 0 J, 'Ghe absorpt ion ba-i-,11s -.D ve n, ~~ t
L)
--lile for t~iallium-acti-Nrate,' pl-o-"ors
'.1 J- U- U u - -1 --
occurred onlv at low -emm-fr-atures
I U
10). 2*1-1-~ 21-It-lio.-S t-',~.ank M. 1). Galanin for -'-iis
1.1. V. Kostin for hel-o in measurements, and I. Gcstev
-,'ard '/6 for 'relp in n-m-paration of phos-r-hor monoci-jstals.

0! A) I--- L
~.i 'LLL~eS7 1table and 10 re-ferenccz;,
~~,i r 6- Ger-nan and I E`n,~-iish.
Physics jr-2tuit"ute iiueni P. N. L~-,,bedev, Acade:.--
_cienc:-_-o of tlae All-~Jnion Institute of `.'In3i-~2_1
t i3 i- i, 11 (Fizichcskiy -instuit"ut im. P. U.
lt:;badeva -,L'T Vsesoyazir
yy institut inera-111-c.,
_J b r,~i r yo f(-'on S r e-3
lide crystals-11sorpticn 2. Alkali halide
Alkali ki~
crystals-Luminescence spectra

A U 2!, ~G!".~ j ',l -,t -:,~; v sz`__ iL R'odionova, L, I u s ova,
21 21E A 1-~et'-,oj for the Growin- of Scin:ii-
lation Counters C.'e~odika vyrashchi--.,ani~-a
f(,L;Covov ~!ly.a -it-sintillyatsionnykh schetchikov)
PEKICDD: AL: 1::vt~ztkija il!,' _3~33R Jeriya FizicheskLA 1191~1~3, Vol . e22 "ir 1
P:,, 3 -- 1 1 (USSR)
me---od aorknd out here 'or the r-roviinG of :1onocryst,is is
tion is
bused on a modified method by Stokbar,;-er. CrYstallizat - car-
ried out froi--i the melt in soldered cylindrical amlifles of quartz-
-las-3. In this variant the difficulty connected witll the
f t, i L L commlete
, activator no longer exists. ilt the .3amo time,
isolation of the salt fron atT;io_--,T)heric 'humidity is attained, and
thus the possibility of a chemical decor.,iposition is excluded. The
velocity witn -uhich the monocrystal is ~;rown is ,,-iver. 'b- the QIS-
,,~!:.ce;.ient of t~ie amnuie a-ainst t!,e Purnace, 2he furnace is ar:
cc~ielon f 7urnace and is divided into two secr~icnL,: a r i n, a 11 .
t t e tip ofL th1z' ampule-cone an in.---culation, for.-:!z in tl,e
ui the r procesc , imp:~rts t, e orientation to t`ie entJ re cr s al
it is nece3--!ary that in the crystallization zoned au t_
r) t 1- 4 j1he r . the te.:c.-~e r- 'L.Lx,?. ~. I s 11 ri lou L ion

~---:,-li--alic' -Pho f o r J tJ 11 C-:%-,-111 C- r3
t h c ro so se c 4-1- ion Inas "he s*,-,. ap e 3 fa n----
-ith the ti-T) in the canter of V~e rin- walls ccnaiziorz
U 1. --
tile be-~ins from. a uniform center at t':-,6 :--xis )f
e quartz a::i1jule and all admixtures not 1,1y t-:e crystal
are displaced upwards to the nelt L~- "' to thie -aalis 01- tile ves.zel.
The ~-.onstancy of the temDerature in the furnace is at.:Lined by
a controllin,; potentio:.-icter by 71eans of the connectic.-, of .1 scries
resistance. A pla tinura- platinum rhodium-tu'--ler-nocouple ~:--rves as
trans.-.iitter for the potentiometer. '2he isother:.-. of 'he ~rowt' ,1 in
t?se crys-t,,! must be unchanged during the entire process of
In the second chapter the activator- distribution in the cry-
stal phosphor is investi.-ated- The concentrution of the additions
in the various narts o-r the monocrys-tal does nou remain consTart
in 'all those cases in which in the growin,; of the crystal from the
:--clt the compositions of the solid and the liquid re-
'os'
.-;rd to the equilibrium conditions are not in a~ree::,,ent.
frequently the distribtuion coefficient of t,e introduced and the
a-~~cidental ad~-iixtures botween these 'u,;.o phasc-s 1s
one, Additional factors are impresl-ed upon thie equilibrium ch.--trac-
ter of the distribution of additions. These fac-lors are de,,--c-ndert
on the or"'ot-1lization velocity and on t'.-jc diffucion coefficient
2/5 cj~7' the addition2 in :-ielt,, It is j'~jovrn thaf, the- a.:~plitw'f:. of

4E-1 - 1
A t .,',D r the ~i-, f 'i] ': 1 i 1i de-P h a si,7;orc f o I- Sc in t illati, an Cotl n ters
t'ie impulses of the 1--iven ~,,onoc,-,ro-iatic ra d.L a -
i-on c'-an,-~~s *.;-it'i tl!e increase in ~~ie ac~'ivator-concentra~_ion in
tl;e cr,~,stil -phoop"hor. The third chapter deals -aith the S--lection
of t"le activator tind its dosing. It is shown that the less solu-
'~)Ie crmpounds, in the case of an equal :lolar concentration in
'he can.-
.)T1o_-,,',1ors, l'or:.q a hu-.dred times ',dil-her concertration of
ters of the additional absorption amd luminezcOnce in one uni-
of volui:.e. it is sioun that only -,)art of tile introduced t'iall-im.1-
~Aay 'Cie part of an activator in the phosp'.ors. ',flhen
"cic
:
:1,; 1 _. -nti~- pure salts a-re used, quite transparent :lonocrystals
c_tn 'he obtnined .-rith a T1 O-a-ctivator and the -,)rocess of =owin.~;
becoTics considerably siilpier. The last chapter treats th~ anneal-
in: of" t'ic cr,,,stal phosphors. As tile al',:ali-halide-crystals pcs-
seS.- -. low tn=:ial conductivity, defornation-forces causing a
:,.cl-saic structure form durinrr a too rapid coolir Th.2 anr!ealin~
liql~_idate3 t'-,is --iosaic structure. The monocrystalS !.,ust ~dthstard
'i !,i.-1_. te:;-!;-e_"ature and must then be slowly cooled. sl,.own
i a, t a t'ii'~h te.:,zeratures, even thou~;h the diffi;s-ion coefficient-
C,- rd of C _jlr'.4t`onzz in t',Ie crystal lattice becomeo hi :Iier. t,e 'neact

~' 8-1 - 1/20
r; t
-win for Scinti'lation Courter3
-,,,ce~itiiant ricverti-,eless, as the test does not leal-] r-.-D ~_t
1,,~C_O Lhe co.,--iposition of the crystal In the
.:L3ation in
u Cior I j opinion , the ;.iost i:-rportant cauce of the dCCrL'~LSe In ne
1_;Jif-responoe of the lumine2,:~ence in polyhedra-1
foll, :owini,: t'it-, lui.iineocence oC the crystal phosp'iors is tho result
of a rctcmbination of the electrons -aith the holes at t':,ie con-
tact-surfaces formed b,-, the activator. 2he luTAnescence r1epends
0 n, 'L'::-,'L -!--artt of the electrons and holes that reach these surfaces
in t--eir -:Iation from the place where they for::1. A reco-mb-in--tion
o t7ie so contact-zurf aces , however, i s realized a' ordi - ary te i-
..,i:hout a radiation. But other inner surfaces not con-
r.ccted, -.',,-i"Lh tlle activator may also occur in the crl,rstal. '2ha3e
;,.rc _,ffective traps for the electrons and holes an," di!rirish
t,:C e::~is,~icn of li,-ht in 'the scintillation. Good 1-a-e-il-in.- i::-i-
--roves t1he structure of the crystp.1s. '-2here are 0 fi,,_-._res, und
refer-mces, ~ ol' which are Slavic.
C a,d

3 - 1 - 1
...e io
r S
All-Union injtitute for !.Iineral Raw Ilaterials
~VJUSI,,, in o ti tut mineral I no,,-I,o Wr I ya)
A'V~,ILA3LE: Library of Con-ress
u
1. Crystals 2. Single crystals-Growth
Card 5/5

cf the Single-CrystaaB
e V 0
.0
oz
M,Dnacrystals of a-Lkali-nailide phosunoris are preDa.1ecl IV ~zfcrlli-
iflz~ LneM -kn a solut,-.on to an aczivator has beer. adjed.
They have a polyhedron substructure. This resulLs 'rom the
tv,o-fola behavior of the actlvator: one Dart, enters as a solid
sclluzion xnile the cther oart, usually sunailer, forms JlnnFr
contact ~:urfaces. TEe suostricture shows itself by a cleavages
..~n th~ in7:erference spots or' the Laue ktxposures. ~-specialny
,!ft;Er (--.,-,r~ful anneai-~ng. c-ff~-ct cannot be confus,,.d Nith
ziqe dnubilnq of the diffraction patterns xhlcri arise '.hro,.-,,gh
tne lignt thicker plates. 1-.11 rom the plbiicatlen
,:Df, the authcrz (H~-` 3) 1 Laue picturps are reDro-auced. The
rre~ E:nl. art - c 1
cr'ticizes V. F. -Pisarenko (Ref 112), wiio

J,
cif the Sing le-Crystals lk-; i-Halice -noscne~r v_-
oar', of tne Dauers uf t,,-- au-,hors. He aid not
cle-avace ~nd doubling in "he interf(-r;-n(--e snots.
i,~n t t e r r o r s i n ' h c. -2 a rea D e rief -,-e
Tnere are c,- filaure~, and

ST~LtISEV, V.I., otv. red.; ALEEKSANDROV, B.S., red.; BELYAYEV, L.M.,
red.; ERUDZI, V.G., red.; VOYTOVETSKIY, V.K., red.;
GALANN, M.D., red.; DISTANOV, B.G., red.; KLIMOV, A.F.,
red.; SU-1ENENKC), M.G., red.; �H&OVSKIY, L.M., red.
(Scintillators and scintillation materials] Stsintilliatory
stsintilliatsionnye materialy. Moskva, Gos. komitet Soveta
1.1inistrov SSSR po h-hiniii, 1960. 319 P. (MIRA 15:4)
1. Koordinat~,:ionnoye soveshchanlye o stsintilliatoram. 2nd, 19,57.
(Scintillation counte 5

84606
3/18 60/002/010/029/051
B015YB056
f2 C) (/,/ 0 9-?
AUTHORS~ Shamovsk.iy) L. M- Dunina, A,, A.., and Gosteva, M. I~
TITLE; The Energy of "he Thermal Dissociation of the P-Centers
in KC1 Y
PERIODICAL: Fizika tverdogo tela, 1960, Vol. 2, No. 10, pp. 2526 - 2535
TEXT: Th.is article was read at the Soveshchaniye po fiziki shcheloch-
-nogaloidnykh kristallov (Conferenre on the Physics of Alkali-halide
2r,ystals), which took place in July 1959 at Tartu. In the introduction,
the results obtained on the semiconductor properties and luminescence
of crystal phosphors are discussed, Among other papers, those of
S~ I, Pekar (Ref,2) are mentioned. For the further development, the au-
thors suggest investigating the equilibrium concentration of the conduc-
tion electrons in colored crystals, which have a high F-center concen-
tration compared to that of the equilibrium-,structural defects. This
permits the exa:~t determinatio-n of n-type conductivity of crystals with
F.,centers and makes it possible to calculate the thermal ionization
Card 1/3

84606
The Energy of the Thermal Dissosiation of S/18!/60/002/010/029/051
4-he F,Centers in KC1 BO!9/BO56
ene-rgy of F-senters from their temperature dependence. Investigations
ware -a~ried -out on M-singl.e crystals, wh:L-,h had been dyed in saturat-
ea potassium vapors at 5150, 600.. and 6500C. The F-.-.enter concentration
I
at these temperatures was 1.9-10' 7 4.4-10-17, and 9.1-10 -17CM-3 ., re--
spa-tiuely,. The electric conductivity was measured by means of a 1000
al't,ernating zurrent. The Fig. shows the ele--~tric oondu3tivities a as
fun~tj.on of the tempezature of the samples, which were quenched from
the three afor~~mentioned temperatures, In the icemperature range of from
350 - 500':t, this dependence is well described by the following straight
1
linec-z: 16.6 exp(--23550/kT)ohm- ~m
30.9 exp(.-23780/kT)ohm- ~'m and
0 -17-3 exp(-26600/kT)ohm'!;.cm Under the assumptions that in
alkali halide salts a Frenkel' defect stru-.ture exists at high tempera-
tures,, that in coloring the interstitial anions are replaced by elec-
trons that by the coloring no new microdefects are produced, and that
In the crystals quenched from high temperatures the original F-center
concentration remains conserved.. mhe authors used the following formula-
Card 2/4

The Energy of the Thermal Dissociation of s/-,ai/60/002/010/029/051
the F-Centers in KC1 BO!9/BO56
for the electric conductivity: 0 = evn exp(-,'S/2k)exp(-f /2kT), Thus,
P F
.hey obtain for the mean value of thermal dissoc-ation energy
2.05 ev. For the n-type conductivity of the samples quenched at
F
550 and 600 0C, the authors obtain the formula
5 ~ P-v P. 112 5-107T3/4 exp(-~ /2kT). There are 1 figure and 18 references:
P- F F
8 Soviet, 3 US., : Czezhoalovakian, 3 German, and I Dutch,
ASSOCIATION. Vscsoyuznyy nauchno-issledovatel'skiy inst-itut minerall-
ncgo syr1ya (All-Union Scientific Research Insti-.ute for
Mineral Raw Matezials)
SUBMITTED; Novembe.T '16 1959
card 3/3

SHAMOVSKIY, L.M.; SHIBAJIOV, A.S.
Structural defects in alkali halide crystal phosphors. Fiz.
tver.tela 3 no.7:2123-2130 JI 161. (~MU 14-:8)
1. Vsesoyuznyy nauchno-issledovatellskiy institut minerallnogo
syrIya, ~bskva.
(Alkali metal halides) (Cry8tals-Defects)

89239
S/048/61/025/001/005/031
9, ~61-5-0 13 B029/BO67
AUTHORS: .Shamov~!kiy, L. M. and Pipinis, P. A.
TITLE: Investigation of luminescence in alkali halide phosphors
PERIODICAL: Izvestiya Akademii nauk SSSR. Seriya fizicheakaya, v. 25,
no. 1, 1961, 31-37
TEXT: For the purpose of a further explanation of the mechanism of
recombination luminescence, the present study is devoted to NaBr-In and
KBr-In phosphors which were activated by bromides of mono- and trivalent
indium when they were grown from the melt. The hypothesis of electron
recombination with localized holes with subsequent transfer of the
liberated energy to the activator by a resonance or exciton mechanism is
not very probable, for there is convincing evidence for the opposite
direction of the processes of recombination luminescence. The liberation of
holes from the V-centers is sufficient for the emission of light sums.
Fig. 1, e.g., shows the curves of thermal emission of NaBr-In phosphors
which were excited by light within the activator bands at various
temperatures. Summing up: In phosphors excited at low temperatures, the
Card 1/0

39239
Investigation of luminescence in SA46/61/025/001/005/031
B029/30067
bands of thermal emission correspond chiefly to the liberation of holes
from the level of capture and their recombination with the "atomic"
centers of luminescence. 2) The ions of the activator enter the NaBr
lattice without changing their valency. The concentration of donor levels
increases with the density of localized holes. If the phosphor NaBr-In3+
(I) is excited at -280C, then the curve of thermal emission has two peaks
at _80C and 260C (M-levels). In the sair :hosphor excited at 360C (thus
behind the boundaries of the M-centers), an emission band is observed at
580C. This band corresponds to the range of thermal ionization of the
F-levels. Independently of the conditions of photo-excitation of phosphors,
the light sum in the case of carrier localization is stored on the same
cation and anVn vacancies, but in various compositions. AftE I-e
filling of the$1ow capture levels, no vacancies remain in the c;:,3tal and,
thus, it loses its ability to store the light sum on the shallow levels.
After optical excitation of the phosphors at low temperatures, peaks on
the curves of thermal emission are never observed together with the
ionization of the F-levels. The emission of the light sum by exposure in
the F-band at low temperature takes place slowly. The stimulating effect
of light from the F-band is closely related to the character (,the depth)
Card 2/5

Investigation of luminescence in ..... S/048./61/025/001/005/031
B029/Bo67
of the hole-l.ike trapping centers. This indicates that the*escape of
electrons-does not lead to the immediate emission of*the light sum but'
gives only rise to the dubse4uent hole escape from the,trapping bevel eXa
hole recombination with' the atomic centers of lumine's'cerfce. A'high
density of "atomic" centeirs- and a low concentration of ?F-~lavelsl.arises on
excitation of crystals 'a _r6ldti'vely -high .,ac-'.ti,.*Vator'- c9iicente~t io'n...
Repeated excitation and emission of the pho'sphors lead6 to their aensi-
tizing. A table shows the depth of the trapping levels of carriers in
KBr-In and NaBr-In phosphors according to data on thermal emission. By
analysis of thermal luminescence, exo-electron emission, and optical
scintillation the authors came to the following conclusions: The observed
emission of the phosphors investigated here corresponds to the "hole
scheme of recombination" for any kind of phosphorescence excitation. The,
centers of luminescence are atomic centers. In an appendix to the paper,
remarks made by Ch. B. Lushchik during the discussion and Shamovskiyos
reply are mentioned. I. V. Yayek (Tartu) is mentioned. This is the
reproduction of a lecture read at the Ninth Conference on Luminescence
(Crystal Phosphors), Kiyev, June 20-259 1960. There are 2 figures, I
table, and 17 references: 11 Soviet-bloc.
Card 3/5

.89239
investigation of luminescence in ..... S/048/61/025/001/005/031
B029/BO67
ASSOCIATION:* Vsesoyuznyy institut minerallnogo syrfya (All-Union Institute
of Mineral Raw Materials). Fizic;heskiy fakulltet Moskovskogo
gos. universitets, im. M. V. Lomonosova (Divihon of Physics,
Moscow State University imeni M. V. Lomonosov)
Legerid to Table:.1) temperature of the maximum of thermal emission, OC;
2) characteristic of the carrier trapping'level of KBr-In; 3) depth of the
trapping level, ev.
Ile .. Y,;,Iuxypo
Temn Xa Pa ~ 7 - - : I P"P, rn
,,vuepa i ~ft ea DaTa
itTeP.'L-'.-1 nw..;.' IP001V yma "~~Pp.....
C""Y
I. 1P tk aa- 3a CDC411HaHNn. 'I ,
08"er-In
Ta KH E.ev
CDC41H181111".
- 186* X2- 0,19 -165* X; 0,23
- 155* V, 0,23 -1110* V, 0,Z)
-1-)5. P 0,32
-130. P 29 50 2 .0,39
-1000 ? 0,37 - 9
20* V2 0,64*'~ VIV 111 0.45
25. 0.65
/10* 0.68 t 58' F 0 71
F 0,86-0
J25-+-135* 88 IWO -5
1 0 8a
205' V, 1,03
245* Xi 1,12
Card 4/5.

20827
I I q_3 S/048/0- 11 /02 5/00'/i~ 1 ~:1/047
2LI T00(1)34 B104/B214
AUTHORS, Shamovskiy, L. M. and Shibanov, A. S,
TITLE- Lattice defects of crystal phosphors
PERIODICAL: Izvestiya Akademii nauk SSSR. Seriya fizicheskaya,
v. 25, no. 3, 1961, 350-353
TEXT: This paper was read at the Ninth Ccnference on Luminescence
(crystal Phosphors) held in Kiyev from June 20 to June 25, 1960. In
earlier papers, it was established by the present authors that the spectra
of additional absorption and the luminescence of alkali halide phosphors
are determined by activator ions which related to lattice defects. The
character of the defects was no. clarified in those papers. Attempts are
made in this paper to clarify these questions by coloring the dislocations
in the crystal volume and by selective etching of the surface of KCI-Ag
and NaCl-Ag phosphors, The visualization (decoration) of the dislocations
was made by additive coloring at 650-700 0C for several days, and the
selective etching was done with glacial acetic acid. it was found that
the dislocation lines in the volume of the crystal made visible by chains
Card 1/3

20827
Lattice defectJ of cr~rstal_ S/048/61/02,z/003/'O--",;/O~17
B104/B214
of colloidal metal particles correspond exactly to the etch pits or, the
surface of the crystal. The density of dislocations and the dimensions of
the disoriented blocks do not depend on the concentration of the activator.
The average size of the blocks in thoroughly annealed crystals is
200 - 500 ~- . The density of dislocations dcpends on the heat treatment
of the crystal and can change by 3 - 4 orders of magnitude. The coarse
sub-structure of dislocations cannot be brought into agreement with the
conception of two types of distribution of activators in the crystal and
with the fact that the luminescence originates from the lattice defects.
Experiments were performed to see if there exists a structure of defects
besides the coarse mosaic structure in the alkali halide phosphors. This
sub-microstructure was discovered in additionally colored crystals with a
high activator concentration under the microscope by large magnification.
The fine structure of defects appears in the form of accumulations of
fine-disperse particles of the metal activator, It could be further
established that the sub-microstructure is a peculiarity of crystal
phosphors, and that the fine structure of defects cannot be detected by
selective etching. Ch. B. Lushchik and A. S. Shibanov took part in the
discussion of this paper. In this discussion, it was established that
Card 2/3

20827
Lattice defects of crystal... S/048/61/025/003/015/047
B104/B214
the decoration of the substructural defects in crystal phosphors is not
adequate for an affirmation on the localization of luminescence centers
in lattice defects, R. I. Gindina is mentioned., and reference is made
to the work of Dutch physicists. There are 1 figure and 9 references:
5 Soviet-bloc and 4 non-Soviet-bloc. The references to English-language
publications read as follows: Amelinckx S., Acta Metallurgicaj 6, No. 1,
34 (1958); Gilman, J. J., Johnston, W. G.; J. Appl. Phys., 21, No. 9,
1018 (1956); Barber, D. J., Harvey K. B., Mitchell, J. W., Philos.
Mag-, Z, No. 17, 704 (1957).
Card 3/3

S/181/62/004/002/0221/05.!
B101/3102
A--TTHORS: 3hi.banov, A S., ard Shamovsk 4y, L~ IM
TITILE: Particularities if the additive coloration of alkaii-hal-,d~
-r~,istals in the presence of an activator
PERIODICAL: Fiz'Lka tverdogo tela. v 4, no 2, 1Q162. 445 - 446
7XT : - .
T-:s gazer was read at the !I soveshchaniye Do fizike
kr-1stallov (Second Conference on the Physics of
ki:,a)-il-hal-de Crvstals) at Riga -in June, 11961, and deals with orocesses
taking olace in the crystal phosphors NaCl(Ag), KC1(Ag), and KI(Ti) Con-
taining different -amounts of activator The additive coloration took
place In the saturated vapor of the alkali metal (7000C with chlorides,
and 6~~OOC with iodide) ',icroseop-ic examination of decolored crystal's
showed the following: (1) the formation of two zones of different color
4nteris'ities (but only one zone in the case of NaCl(Ag) with more than i
mole'40 Ag); subsequent annealing at 7000C in the air did not change
~h~ DCS~~T!or of the zones; (3) negative crystals of quadratic or rectar-
shacne, the faces of which were parallel to the < 100 ~ ax~ q . were
Dfrried in an I m3le-." Az;
the cGloriess cart of :!aC--'(Ag) with more th
,,ard

/191 /6-2/001"00-2, /022/0'~ I
Par r 2 e3 o f the I /B 102
ASSJCIATI,~N: Vsesoyuznyy nauclino-issledovatellskiy institut minern.1'ro.-c
s,yr'ya.Moskva (All-Union Scientific Research Inslitute of
Mineral Rav., I'laterials , -Moscow)
T-T BT T __-' DSe -,- tember i 96
Card 3i!3

L 16865-63
AC CESSION NR: AR3006309
ness pauses and heating. The question is discussed off: the relation
of;the light sums that are realized in.thermal and optical de-
excitation. N. Maksimova.
DATE ACQ: 15Aug63 SUB CODE: PH ENCL: 00
Card 2/2

ACCESSION NR: AT4016306
2) the main trait of a photoexcitation process is the occurrence of "atomar" cen-
ters and vacant holes; 3) energetical isolation of luminescence centers from the
surrounding lattice is essential in the formation of crystallophosphors; 4) re-
combination luminescence intensity is proportional to the product of "atomar"
luminescence centers and hole-concentrations in the valence zone; and 5) the zonal
model of crystals, described in an earlier paper, explains developments hitherto
unexplained (not specified clearly in the art.). Orig. art. has: 3 figures and
I table.
ASSOCIATION: Vsesoyuznyycy nauchno-issiedovatel'skiy institut mineral'nogo sy*r'ya
(All-Union Scientific Research institute of Mineral Raw Materials)
SUBMITTED: 00 DATE ACQ: o6Mar64 ENCL: 00
SUB CODE: Gp NO REF SOV: 013 OTHER: 003
Card 2/2

L 16868-63
ACCESSION NR: AR3006306
cence in photoexcited phosphors NaBr-In and KBr-In, the dependence
of the stability of the electron color centers (for example, F-
centers) on the depth of the hole localization levels, and others.
A mechanism whereby the phosphors become de-excited after photo- and
x-ray excitation is proposed. The growth in brightness of the opti-
cal flash after the dark pause in KCl-T1 phosphor and a few other laws
governing the behavior of alkali-halide crystal phosphors is ex-
plained on the basis of the hole mechanism of recombination lumines-
cence. A discussion is presented. V. Kosikhin.
DATE ACQ: 15Aug63 SUB CODE: PH ENCL: 00
Card 2/2

L 31354-65 EVJT(1)/-1/EEG(b)-2 IJP(c)/AFMDC/AS(mp)-2/ASD(a)-5/AFWL/SSD(a)/
RAEM(c)7ESD(gs)/ESD(t)
ACCESSION NR-. AR5000760 .9/0058/64/000/009/DO47/DO47
SOURCE: Ref. zh. Fizika, Abs 9D351
AUTHORS- SliamovskiX, L. M.; Glushkova, A. S.
TITLE. Growing of spectrometric scintillators
CITED SOURCE: SI). Stsintillyatory* i stsintillyats. materialy*. Khar'kov, Khar1kovsk.
un-t- 1963, 5-12'
TOPIC TAGS: scintillator, spectrometry, crystal growth, fluorescence center
TRANSLATION: The authors assume that the fluorescence centers are produced in
crystal phosphors as a result of localization of the activating impurities on the structural
defects of the lattice. A new technology is proposed for growing Nal-TI crystals,
starting from this assumption and from the experimentally demonstrated independence of
the yield of scintillations in a wide range of variation of the activator concentrations.
Card 1/2

L 31354-65
ACCESSION NR: AR5000760
The crystallization is carried out at a high temperature gradient, thus removing the dan-
ger of precipitation of the activator and of contaminating impurities in the form of a
separate phase.* To reduce the degree of "hydrolysis" of Nal, it is recommended to de-
oxidize the melt with reducers whose oxidation products are volatile. It is proposed to
exercise control over the annealing of the crystals by monitoring the change in the
crystal excitation and glow spectra. T Razumova.
SUB CODE: OP, SS ENGL: 00
Card 2/2

L 19479-63 AFFTC/ASJ) n
ACCESSION NIR: AT3002221 S/294f/63/001/000/0198/0202
AU,HORS:--Shamovskiy_, L. X.; Maksimova, N. D. 17><
TITLE: Nature of flash brightness in NaCl-Ni under light stimulation from F-band
SOURCE: Optika i spektroskopiya; sborniOltatey. 'v.'l: Lyuminestsentsiya.
Moscow, Izd-vo AN SSSR, 1963, 198-2o2
TOPIC TAGS: pl~osphor, irradiation, M-center, recombination, optical flash
ABSTIRACT: A study was made of the behavior of x-rayed NaCl-Ni phosphors under
continuous and pulsed optical irradiation from the F-band. On the basis of data
obtained a new interpretation is propqsed of the Parfianovich effect (L. A.
Parfianovich. Opt. i spektr. 2, 392, 1957). The experiment performed differed
froin that of Parfianovich in one respect only: the use of optical rather than
thermal irradiation. It was found that under continuous F-center irradiation
luminescence brightness diminishes irregularly with nickel concentration. Optical
destruction of M-centers further diminishes the subseqtient optical flashing, and
heating the phosphor to 90-10OC-after destruction of M-centers results in a
sharp increase in optical,flash brightness.. The enhancement of flashing brirlit-
CIrd .1/2

L 19479-63 - ------
ACCESSION NR.- AT3002221
ness starts after heating*the x-rayed phosphor NaCl-Xi. The authors also discuss
the electron model of recombination luminescence. Orig. art. has.- 5 formulas.ahd
4 figures.
ASSOCIATIONs none
SUMITTED.- O3Nov6l DATE ACQ: l9May63 EWL: 00
SLrB CODE i PH NO REF SOV: 004 OTHER: 005
Card 2/2

L 41031-65 EWG(a)-2/EWG(c)/EVIG(J)/EVIG(r)/EliG(v)/EWP(c)/EWP(k)/EWT(d)A~,iT(l)/EWP(h),,'~
FS(v)-~/T/EV.'A(d)/EWP(1)/EWP(w)/E';IP(v) Pe-5/Pt-4 . Ui/fip/PT
ACCESSION NR: AP5008558 ~1028Q6510601000006.jl6W
AUTHOHS: Vasillyevp V. G.; Rodikova, L. M.; Shamovat Lo M.
TITLE.- An automatic device for the programmed control by a mechanism of the deflec-,_
tion angle of a model in a wind tunnel. Class.42, No.,165270
SOURCE': Byulleten' izobreteniy i tovarnykh mnakov, no*'60 19651 67
TOPIC TAGS: deflection angle control~,w_',d tunnel model tesi~~
ABSTRACT: This Author Certificate presents an automatic device for the programmed
contr6l by a mechanism of the deflection angle of a model-in alwind t=nel ksee Fig~
1 on the Encloswe). The device contains a mechanical measuring unit of the model..
deflection angle, designed-to increase the reliability and precision of'the progr am
processing. The measuring unit in the device is made in the form of a relay circuit
controlled by the contact device of the step selector. The rotor of this step,
selector is connected by,a transmitting selsyn to the basic axis of the model-
deflection angle mechanism. The measuring unit uses the contour of autoMMtio regU'7
lation, consisting of the model of the controlling blook with continuous drive
motion. This drive ensures the placing of the model in the zero position of the
model deflection a4gle. Orig. art. hass I figure.
C,,d

I
1. Card 2/3

-- ----- --- - -
L 6167
- 3-65 EVIT(l) Pi--4 IJP(,:)
ACCESSION NRt AP50LU27
06
5VOWIVI 147/ 43
AUTHOR: Shamovskiy, L. M.; VAksimova, N. D.
TITLE: Investigation of thersolvaineseenepof i-irradiated allrali-halide phosphors
SOURCE: Optika i spektroskopiya, Y. 18, no. 4, 1965, 637-643
TOPIC TAGS: thermolumineseence,, stlicall halide sphor, recombination* x irradiaw
tion
activator center
ABSTRACT: The thermoluminescence and optical f3
.ashing were investigated under
pulsed illi-in ion in the F-band. It was found[ that the optical flash increases
vithout time lag, and decreases in two stages, the slowly damped component (second-
ary phosphorescence) lasting as much'as 5 minutets. In XC1(Tl) this phosphorescence
decreases with decreasing primary phosphoresceju!e at rom temperature. Subsequent
heating causer it to riseAnd go through amaid ma near +85C, where a new therzo-a
luminescence peak is observed, credited to V2 c4sters. The phenoneimi observed are:1--
explained on the basis of the hole scheme of recadbination lvainescence,, vherein
the radiation of the light'sum storedin alksli-halide phosphors following Z-i
Card 1)

L 6&5-65 64T(1) Fi-4 IJP(c)
ACCESSION NR: AP5011136
535-37
sklv. L. M.
AUTHOR; Sbamov
TITLE: X-ray luminescence of the:Nal(Tl)_phosphor
SOURCE: Optika i spektroskopiya, v. 18, no. 4. 1965,.728-729
TOPIC TAGS: x-ray luminescence,, crystal,phosphor,.lumJ-nor,
scintillation counter, luminescence quenching
ABSTRACT: The purpose of the investigation was to determine the
roperties of an NaI(T1) luminor prer'iared under t h ebe s t - conditions
p
The luminescence was registered by a filter with a photomultiplier,,~
ture
and was recorded with a ebart potentiometer. At room tempera
the x-ray luminescence wae produced vitbout lag. No luminescence
was detected in the stationary glow of t1e protracted -component.: No'.,.. -
F centers were detected in the excited absorption spectrum. Af teri.'.~
removing the x-ray excitation., the luminescence decayed with small
time lag. Prolonged afterglow could be seen only when the signal
dtomultiplier was condiderably amplified.' The results
from the ph
C
ard

_L 61665..;65
ACCESSION NR: AP5011136
_.id
show that in NaI(Tl) luminor prepared under the best conditions the:
yield of the low-inertia component in:the stationary x-~ray lumines-.~
cence brightness is independent of the temperature up- to the
of the intracenter quenching. No storage of the light sum occurs,
in shallow trapping levelA.' Under high doses of x-ray excitation'...
there was observed coloring of the samples due to the release of
iodine and formation of equilibrium with V centers. Is is con-
-lag x-ray luminescence is reduced in NaI(Tl)
eluded that only a low
zointillators prepared from pure salts under the best conditions.
The brightness of the x-ray luminescence is practicallyconstant
from 293 to 473K. The long-lasting cbmponent in the stationary
luminescence constitutes less than I per cent. The stored iight
sum is determined by the formation of~bole levels with a depth of
-excitation occurs when.hilesza
0.69 eV. De _D re thermally. liberdted.'._.J"
Ll
from V levels and are recom ned with,electrons trapped in-activa'
t tion ln:_thei~:~~z:
tor luminescence centers. Pulsed or sta ionary illumina
region doas not affect the stdtionar7., brigbtness:'of ..t e x~-ray
luminescence or the de-exoitation.prdo ess;1of'- the', light,::sum.
.ginal article has; I figure
d 2/,3
Car

-L 61665-65
ACCESSION NR: AP5011136

'ASSOCIATION: None

V/r_
:-L 64501-65--
ACCESSION NR: AP5012616 UR/0051/65/Q~8/005/0874/0879.
537-531:535-373.1
W,
'AUTHORS: Shamovskiy, L. M.; Maksimova, N. D.
TITLE: De-excitation of the light sum In x-irradiated alkallihalide
phosphors by stationary additional illumination in the_P_-B_an__d'
jSOURCE: Optika I spektroskopiya, v. 18, no. 5, 1965, 874-879
TOPIC TAGS: luminor, optic activity, activated crystal, alkali
u I . I
halide, F band, recombination luminescence
Yr
ABSTRACT: The optical de-excitation of the crystal pbosphotp KCl(Tl)
and NaCl(Ni) which are x-irradiated at room temperature is investi-
'gated at different temperatures. In the case of NaCl(Ni) crystals
;with large activator concentration and a small~x-ray dose, it was
possible to emit practically the entire light sum both at room tem-
perature and at temperature of liquid nitrogen. In the sanephosphor
with lower activator concentration, the efficiency of stationary de-
excitation in the F-band was noticeably lower at liquid nitrogen tem-
Card

L 6-4-501-65.
ACCESSION NR: AP5012616
erature than at room temperature ex-
p In KC1(Tl) under analogous
perimental conditions, an appreciable fraction of the light'su-M is
ralso realized. No noticeable,time delay, other than the delay due
!to the apparatus, was observed in the de-bxcitation light pulse. The
;results are explained on the basis of the hole recombination lumi-
-riescence scheme proposed by one of the authors earlier (with P.-A.
Tippins, Izv. AN SSSR ser. fiz. v. 25, 31, 1961). A new mechanism
:of optical de-excitation of crystal phosphors is proposed, in which
centersland recombined with the
'the holes are released from the V2
lactivator centers (Ni+). Various processes which m6ke this mechanism
,effective are briefly described. Orig. art. has: 3 figures.
ASSOCIATION: None
'SUBMITTED: O7Jun63 ENCL: 00 SUB CODE: 'OP
OTHER:
INR REP SOV: 007
004
Card

L 2825-66 _JD
ACCESSION NR: AP5016173 UR/0051/65/018/006/1011/1018:
535. A77i
Y (/, cx'
q"~
AUTHORS: Shamovski~, L. M.; Dunina, A. A.; Gosteva, M. I.
vy-'
TITEE: Study of the mechanism of recombination luminescence in the
phosphor NaCl(,.3+)
SOURCE: Optika i spektroskopiya, v. 18, no. 6, 1965, ioli-io18
,TOPIC TAGS: luminor, luminescence, x ray irradiation, luminescence
.center, luminescence quenching, recombination luminescence
:ABSTRACT: The samples for the study were grown from a melt in quartz
.ampoules, using a method described elsewhere (Izv. AN SSSR ser. fiz.
;V. 22,.3, 1958). The crystals were excited by x-rays at different
:,temperatures and the bulld up of luminescence and subsequent thermal
;de-excitation were investigated. The brightness was measured with a
!photomultiplier (FEU-29).and recorded with an automatic potentiometer
The intensity of the stationary x-ray luminescence was low at room
Card 1/2

L 2825-66
ACCESSION NR: AP5016173
0
temperature, being one order of magnitude less than the brightness
produced in KCl( Tl). The maximum intensity is,reached 3.5 minutes
after the start of the excitation. Approximately 50 per cent of the
total brightness increases instantaneously, and the phosphorescence
quenching is also faster than hyperbolic, the stationary brightness
dropping 90 per cent witbout a time delay. The maximum attainable
brightness increases with increasing temperature. The thermal de-
excitation curve exhibits three peaks with maxima at 50, 95, and 190CI
(at a heating rate of 10 deg/min). The first peak is approximately 1,
twelve timesstronger than the second and 24 times stronger than the
t-hird. Some secondary peaks appear at lower temperatures. The re-
sults are interpreted from the point of view of the hole mechanism-
of recombination luminescence. Orig. art. has: 3 figures, 1 formula;
and 1 table.
ASSOCIATION: None
SUBMITTED: O7Jun63 ENCL:_ 00 SUB CODE: op
NR REF SOV: Oil OTHER: 001
Card 2/2

L hhk7-66 EUT (WEW (n)/EW (t)/ (b)
ACCESSION NR: AP5017(898
W
AUTHORS: Shamovnkiy.,-L. M.; Kosikhin,
TITLE: Study of optical and thermal
phosphor
SOURCE: Optika i spektroskopiya.,
I 'Ptc) JD:
UR/005l/65/ol9/ool/olo2/olO7,'
535-377
V. F.
de-excitation of
v. 19, no. 1., 1965,
the NaCl(cu)
102-107
TOPIC TAGS: sodium chloride, activated crystal, thermoluminescence,
luminescence quenching, recombInation luminescence
ABSTRACT: The purpose of the investigation was to check whether the!
de-excitation mechanism of the light sum (S) stored in alkali-halide I
phosphors excited'by x-rays is brought about by release of electrons
from the
trapping levels or whether the de-excitapion is due to re-
combination of electrons trapped in activator centers with holes.
+
NaCl(Cu) was chosen because the Cu ions can trap both electrons and I
holes. The single crystals were grown by the-Kiropoulos method.
activator amounted to 0.1 -- 1.5 molar per cent. The single crystals`~
-Card 1/3

L 4447-66
ACCESSION NR: AP5017898
;were excited with x-rays for twenty minutes at room temperature. The
;luminescence was recorded with a photomultiplier-potentiometer com-
':bination. Phosphorescence was observed at room temperature after
:Interruption oif the x-ray irradiation. Thermal de-excitation was ob-
',tained after a phosphorescence decay time of twenty minutes. Plots
;are presented of the absorption coefficient as a function of the CuC14
1concentration in the NaCl and of the tbermoluminescence peaks at
'different CuCl concentrations, and a table of the light sums obtained!
is presented for the. different concentrations. The results show thati
~the light sum stored during x-ray excitaticnincreases In the NaCl(cu),!
~phosphor with larger activator concentration, because of hole trapping
:by the activator ions located in the lattice points of the mixed
crystal. The light sum emitted during the optical and thermal de- i
.excitations is equally increased, The long afterglow and the M peak
are increased. Recombination losses in the F peak are considerably
increased because of external quenching. The results thus indicate
that the de-excitation is due to electron-hole recombindtion. Orig.
art. has: 4 figures and 1 table.
Card 213

1, 4404)6
ACCESSION NR: AP5017898
ASSOCIATION: None
SUBMITTED: 07Jun63
NR REF SOV: 009
Card 313
ENCL: 00 SUB CODE: OP
OTHER.: 002

L
,~CC NR, AP5027670 SOURCE GODE: UVO051/65/019/005/0776/0782
AUTHCR: Shamovskly, Le Me ; Luninap As As
ORG; none
TITLE: Growth of initial brightness of roentgenoluminescence in an alkaline-halide
luminophor during repeated excitation
SOURCZz (>,)tika I spektroskopiya, v. 19, no. 5, 1965, 776-782
TOPIC TAGSt luminescence, sodium chloridep potassium bromidep ionization
luminophor, F band, x ray irradiation
ABSTRACT: This work is a continuation of the authors' previous investigations (Opto
I spektr. 18, 637, 1965, Opt. I spektr. 18, 874, 1965, and 18, 1011, 1965) on the
roontganoluminesconce of an X-ray-irradiated luminophor. The effect of an a4ditional
short Illumination from F-bands on the stationary luminescence brightness was studied
to interpret the phenomenon. Crystals of NaGl, KBr, and NaBr, activatid by In3-1 ions
were used in the study. The authors detected an increase in the initial br~p tness of
the roan tgenolumi nes can ce during repeated excitation of luminophor KBr (In ) at
-20, -35, -45, and -58C. In all cases the duration of interruption between repeated
excitations did not affect the brightness of subse,ruent roentgenoluminescences. The
additional Illumination from F-bands affected the roentgenolumineseence of crystals
in three ways: (1) it caused a rapid growth of luminescence brightness; (2) it
Card

ACC N.3: A.27001327
SOURM ODDL: UR/0371/66/000/005/0015/0019
Cnarnya'-, V. G. Cernaks, V. ; Dunina, A. A. - Dunina, A.; Larionov,
M. ; Plyavinya, 1. K. - Plavina, I.; Sharjovskiy, L. M.
Larionovs,
Z)aM.OvsMIs, L. ; Tale, A. K. - Tale, A.
GRG: Paysics 1-astitute AN LatSSR (Instituc fiziki AN Latv. SSR)
T IT LZ :PhotoscirtillaLions of KCl-Tl excited in the F-band
SOURCE: AN !,atSSL. Izvestiya. Seriya fizicheskikh i tekhnicheskikh nauk, no. 5,
1966,
TJKC TAGS: scintillarion, ligInt excitation, excitation spectrum
U
from, F-centers
A3 S' i-,'i CT :An invasti~--,I:ion was made of the rapid transfer of energy L
Lr, a,:~I:v.-iLor ce~-,~ers a;-,d of ',he timie necessary for such zransfer WhCn the crystals
are ~;ul)jec~~a zo pulse~i oxcitacion. The invosL--*~;aLion was bi-Lsed on the comparison
;,:--'ncLic,9 of acLivator lu~-.iinescence excited directly in the center of luzm~Ies-
Coillc_ 'Tl-scinciliation) and the F-absorption band (F-sc-'atillation). KCl-Tl--F
=;s Lals '0. 2 or 0. 5 r,-,ol7 T! in mielt) were irradiated W4 t:n x,- or gamma rays. T- e
concoc.i:rziL~o;~. o' '~-centers did not exceed 5 x LO17 cm-3 The crysta's were placed
-~ozali`c cryosta- and excited wiLh light pulses (-10-7 sec) from a spark.
T"-.c excitazion was a?-plied alternately Jin the 247 and 560 nm bands. A coincidence
t,~as found beL-ween F-scintillation a-Lid Ti-scinrillation with regard to their time
Cc-, d---I! 2

S/058/WO(jO./O(X,/C)41/136
Ao6 I/A
for the choice of tne optimum conditJons of 5pectro-
ra I e s
r c sc intil Lator growth by the Stokbarger method
f ~_ r at i- vny, a T
y zhurnal, Fizika, no. 6, 1962 57. abstr c 6V39-
Tr~ -r)jleCtjon,, "Rost kristallov. T. Y. Mczic,- AN SSSR, !961,
D'scuss., 501 - 502)
lh~ u~ of the Stokbarger method for growing alkall-halide crystal
h 1. zri -_oroversion efficiency and good resolution is discu3sed. n, e
tr,,~ conception according to which -the lumiriescen,;e centers in C5
S4, Ur
:jU
-1-6 are located on the contact surfaces of a p ly edral b r-
~i. pno~ph
n-,Jjra1:eI and showm to diverge from the universally adopted Zeyks model,
Ine act.Ivator atoms in the regular lattice points are the 1=11nescence
F-or ~,mpr-~~,jing the quality of scintillators, !t is suggz!sted that. they
a- 1-Itl4h -I--;I-.Pi_~TRture gradients. The optimum condit"oris of cry~_tailiza-
-~el Good crystal annealing and purity of Initial. salts a-re
;-.S imp.-riant factors.
r.-ite, Ccmpiete translation] V, Kozilkbiti

6LLZSSL-"~it, S.Yo.; SIWTA~;', 111. (Champagne, M.]; FREMELI, S.Ya.
Study of enzymatically active trypsin I fragments. Biakhlmiia 26
no.5:909-91.1 S-0 161. (1412A 14:12)
1. Institute of High Molecular Compounds, Academy of Sciences, of
the U.S.S.H., Leningrad.
(THYPSIN)

SHAMPANOV. M.D.; KOVTUII, A.S.
Certain results for 1952 in controlling helminthiasis, malaria and diseases
transmitted by mosquitoes in the R.S.F.S.R., and problems to be solved in the
near future. Med.paraz.i paraz.bol. no.4:299-305 Jl-Ag '53. (KLRA 6:9)
(Worins, Intestinal and parasitic) (Malarial fever)
(Insects as carriers of contagion)

S/226/62/000/0o6/oWo16
9193/E383
AUTHORS-, Fedorov, T.F., Nedumov, N.A., Polyakova, M.D. and
SbaLnpay,,_F._1_
TITLE.- Some data on tile turn&ry titanium-taron-chromium
system
PERIODICAL- Poroshkovaya wetallwgiya, no. 6, 1962, 42 49
T EXT: The object of the present investigation was to study
the constituents of the Cr-B and Ti-B-Cr systems. In the first
stage of the investigation, thermal and metallographic. analysis
as-well as hxdness and microhardnoss measurements, conducted on
Cr-B alloys with up to 40 B, cooled slowly to room t~mpera-
ture or quenched from 1450 0C, were used to construct the Cr end
of the constitution diagram of the Cr-13 system. In the se*ond.
stage, the some experimental technique and, in some cases, X-ray
diffraction analysis, were used to study the Ti-B-Cr system. The
experimental alloys included the following: some binary Ti-B4
B-Cr and Ti-Cr alloys; alloys of the pseudo-binary TiB-CrB,
T_JB _CrB. TiCr _CrB, Ti-CrB., TI-Cr B and Cr-TiB syst=s'
'r 2 5 3
Card 1/2

SHPj4FO) Z. A.
"Investigation of the Pyro Effect, Piezoelectric Properties, and Complete
Polarization of Polycrystalline Barium Titanate." Cand Phys-Math -1-4
Leningrad State Pedagogical Inst, Leningrad, 1954. (KL, No 11 Jan-;;i
Survey of Scientific and Technical Dissertations Defended at USSR Higher
Educational Institutions (12)
SO: Sum. No. 556, 24 Jun 55

ava .1rizI-i':_ a -ad il- 1-.~ Itelra ('11"he raldi o am ete r s i, a ndbou-k
Go sene _-Zo 52.
19
319 p. Di-i'grS. Tables 1 '-n s s o va ya r a di i. L) __3 b 1 L o Z. e r. a , 'Iyp. 12 D .1 r e d .
A. I. Ber.~~-
~ 5
!
V
753.64
.35

SHAYJUKOV, A.
Let's make use of addi.tionnl intra-factory production resources.
Zhil.-kom.khoz. 5 no-7:9-10 155. (MT2A 9:1)
l.Glavnyy tekhnolog vagonoremontnogo zavoda Gorlkovskogo tramvayno-
trolleybusnogo upravleniya.
(Gorkiy--Trolley buses--Msintenance and repair)

AUIAZOYEVA, V. V.; BATAYEV, P. S.; STAVROVSKAYA, V. I.; AKSEYEI[KO, G. It.;
BEZZUBOYA, V. P.; VORIOWYEVA, Z. G.; GLADKIKH, V. F.; ZHUYOVA, L. I.;
ZTFfE7A, 'I. K.; ECHOTDI)INA, Yu. V.; nIMOVA, L. P.; KRYLOV, A. S.;
,,A
" SLOV, A. V.; PFTO~E, A. E.; SADOVSKAYA, G. Yu.; S.MFU'SY"4iYA, V. N.;
SOLOVEY, V. Ya.; TURCIIINS, M. Ye.; SHIP-TSINA, N. K.;
SHU11,EVICH, 1,11. A.
Field trials of new repellents. lied. paraz. i paraz. bol. no-4:
457-464 161. (MIRA 14:12)
1. Iz entomolof-icheskogo otdela i otdela sintetichr.,skikh preparotov
Instituta meditFinskoy parazitologii i tropicheskoy meditsirrj imeni
Ye. I. Martsinovskogo Ministerstva zdravookhraneniya SSSR (dir. -
instituta - prof. P. G. Sergiyev, zav. otdelami - prof. V. 1-1.
Beklenishev i prof. V. I. Stavrovskaya)
(INSECT BAIT-c AND REPELLENTS)

SHAMRAY, A.Ye.
-)WLA.
Preparing students for working life. Politekh. obuch. no.q:
22-25 S 158. (MIRA 11:10)
1. Direktor Ushchallnovskoy sredney shkoly No.8 g.Yalty.
(Yalta--Vocational education)

SHAMRAY., A.Ye,
Effect of galascorbin on hemopoiesis in benzene poisoning. Vrach.
delo no.11:104-108 N 162. (MIn 16:2)
1. Fatofiziologicheskaya laboratoriya (r.2kovoditell - doktor med.
nauk F.A. Gluzman) Kiyevskogo inatitutAparelivaniya krovi i meot-
lozbnoy khirurgii.
(HEMOPOIETIC SYSTEM) (BENZENE IN THE BODY)

n~:
c -j L
~j c,~J Y
Len Dc'; roil Ca,-dLd,-~tte Lcal

SOV/144 - 513-0)-113/18
A(Tr11ORj Glkin, A. V, . rMnIlHate of T~chnlc.l ~3cl&rjcoe,DoCont
TITLffs lntnr-UrUv~rritj Bcinntific rocf-e.-nc4 sn Ilectrit
Menaurit., InaLrumnnto 4n.-i Toch&lcal M44na Of Autozation
(Uqzhvuzovokayn nauchnnya konferentBlya po
elektroizmoritel'n" pribornm I tokhnicheaklm oredstv=
avtomatiki)
mioDrCA.L: lz~eatlya Vynnhikh Uchebnykh Eavedenly,klektrociekhanika,
195b, Nr 9. pp 130-135 (USSR)
ABSTRAM The conference was held at the Leningradakiy
elektrotekhniCh.skiy Inntitut I=ent V. I. Ullyanova
(Lentra) (Leningrad Electro-tachnical Institute imeni
7. 1. Ul'yanov (Innin))or. November 11-15, 1958. The
representatives of eleven higher teaching establiahmente
and three research Inatituten participated and a large
number of specialists of various industrial w0artakinge
were present.
Candidate of Technical Scion B V Sha2rM (LeninVad
co
Electrotechnic&I Institute) pr:JiZTFa or "Low
Inertia transducer of tharmo e.m.f. Into a d.c. voltage*,
operating with magnetic elements of an input resistance
Card 6/13 of 100 Ohm, a signal of 0.001 V and an output voltage
of 40 V with a resistance of 4000 Ohm.
Docent G. A. Allznds (Azerbaydzhan Industrial Institute
i eni M-W-irz-FeTOM proaealed the paper "Now d.c. metering
transducers with a high input resistance* (phase
sensitive transducer in d.c. compensators and
particularly its application in the chemical industry).
Docent P V Novitokiy (Leningrad Slactrotachnical
InstltAeT'p'W--s;wT;-a the paper "Apparatus for sessurimg
vibration ;ar=etere", described a plazo-olactric
accelerometer I th & ran 0 of 40 to 10 000 C.P.S., a
sensitivity of 3 to 7 X24184c' With an orror of up to
2.5%.
Candidate of Technical Sciences D_&_BQr2dW6v
(Ural PolytechUiCRI Institute) presented the yo~:r
-Instrumento for ultra-sonit monitoring of the "I
and th. pro..- Of l1qid.' h-ich ... - of . series
or papers an measuring non-olectricai sagnitudee by
Card 711)914 etric methods.

Q-/194/6-/000/003/025/066
-3 0 Yl' -5-1d 7) D230/D3
01
IT
Burakov, Ye. B., Zotov, V. G., estberov, A. ill. and
Shamray, B. V.
.-TLE: amplifier for the conversion o.4'
thermal e.m.f. into d.--.
To - 7 ~
Refe.,-a-u--'.vnyy zhurnal, Avtomatika i radioelektronika,
r0 3, 19062, abstract 3-2-160m (Izv. Leningr. elek-Uro-
teihn. in-ta, 19061, vyp. 45, 194-200)
T in cyclic telemetry systems, the number of controll-ing -Pa-
cil-J ties is determined by -the length of the cycle and by the re-
solution ability of" the converters. The function of the amr)lil~-ier
de-~cribed is to provide a low-inertia, high-sensitivity converter
hav-in,- high stability and reliability. Such converters usually
cons-ist ol' an input signal amplifier and a functional converter.
L
A magnelo-zemiconductor amplifier is described for operation with
thermo-couples all of standard calibration. The sensitivity of the
12 5
amplifier is 1.43 x 10 V, gain 2.7 x 10 Signals entering at
Clard 1/2

39213
S/263/62/0001007/012/014
1007/1207
AUTHOR. Burakov, E. B., Zotov, V. G., Nesterov. A. A. an] Shamray, B. V.
TITLE: klagnetic semiconductor amplifier for the conversion of thermoclectromotive force into
d.c. voltage
PERIODICAL: Referativnyy zhurnal, otdel'nyy vypusk. Izmeritel'naya teklinika, no. 7, 1962, 49, abstract
32.7.318. "fzv. Leningr. elektrotekhn. in-ta", no. 45, 1961, 194-200
TEXT: Description is given of a magnetic semiconductor amplifier for conversion of thermoclectromotive
force into d.c. voltage according to the a.c. amplifying method. The amplifier consists of three components-
modulator, a.c. amplifier and rectifier. The modulator is a magnetic voltage amplifier with a double-frequency
output, permitting separate adjustment of modulus and phase in the a.c. windings, and hence equalization
of odd (uneven) harmonics. The modulator is fed from a semiconductor RC-generator of 8.5 kcs. At an
input voltage of about 4 to 5 Niv, the amplifier has satisfactory linear characteristics. The output resistance
is 70 ohms, the sensitivity 10 microvolts and the voltage amplification 4000 volts. The amplifier is designed
for a load of 4000 ohms.
jAbstracter's note: Complete translation.1
Card 1/1

:;i1A;-,kAV ,borlo Vikl,oruvich; A.V., prof., nauchn. red.;
YP'V";1"Y;-:V) V.I., tokhi). rod.
[Electromagnetic devices! Elektromac--mitnye ustroistva.
Leningrad, Leningr. elektrotekhn. in-t im. V.1.111tianova
(Lenina). No.2. [Magnetic amplifiers] Magnitnye usiliteli;
uchebnoe posobie. 1962. 148 p. (MIRA 17:3)

2557.3-66 1,;T(d)
__~i4kt__A_m_6oiO192 Monograph
Aranovich, Boris Illich; Shamray, Boris Viktorovich
Electromagnetic automation devicesA (Elektromagnitnyye
avtomatiki) Moscow, Izd-vo "Energiya", 1965. 484
biblio, 23,000 copies printed.
UR/
,.--7
uatroystva'0*1
P. illus-,,
TOPIC TAGS: automatic control equipment, electric relay, electro-
magnetic component, direct current, electromechanic converter,
parametric converter, magnetic amplifier
PURPOSE AUD COVERAGE: This book is Intended for. studente in schools
_Qmatioig,'*-t-erilei7banics.. eet!-
of bigher education In courses on_aqt _.L
,rical measurements, computers, and the electrl c_,3t'.cn of
al enl;erpriaeB. It can also be used by technicn: ::''n,-,1 J.I)
trlal enterprIoes or design offices dealing w:-;'
lv:~ authors thank Doctor o,f Technical Science;.
i-.~ocen,. 3 V, I.. Nef edova -and Ye, B.' YeIA&irl ~for
11ssist~JW U._'& Kabanova f r helping in the :2" -n or -,1F. !,.q
script.
TABLE OF CONTENTS.
Forward 3
Card

L 25573_66
ACC NR-AM6010192
Symbola -- 5
Introduction
Part one
Electromagnetic devices with moving armature (electromagnetic mechanismi)
Ch.I. Types of moving armature relay devices -- 15
1. General considerations -- 15
2. Classification of electromagnetic moving-armature devices 15
Ch.I1. Contact system of relays and switches 16
3. Arrangement and operatlon of- a contact system 16
4, Wear and tear of contacts -- -22
5. Contact materials and design -- 24
6. Arc and spark quenching -- 26
Ch.III. Neutral electromagnetic d-c mechanisms -- 30
7. Materials for magnetic circuits -- 30
8. Arrangement and basic characteristics of electromagnetic
mechanisms -- 33
9. Calculation of magnetic circuits 43
Card 2/11

L '25573-66
ACC NRa
Am6olO192
10. Calculation of the windings of electromagnetic-d-c mechanisms 56.
11. Transients,in electromagnetic d-c me.chanisms
-12,,Methods of calculatIng neutral electromagnetic d-a mechanisms..-.-74,S',&.'5
h.,IV,-.' Ne'utr e eattomagnetic a
-a mecha
nisms. 79
al 4,
V
13- Tractive forc-e~otelectromagneticA-c mechanisms 79
14. Calculationbtelectromagnetic a-c mechanisms -_ 86
15. Methods of calculating electromagnetic a-c mechanisms 93
Ch.V. Electromagnetic mechanisms sensitive to current polkrity
J~phase) -- 94
Polarized electromagnetic-mechapJ.sme gil
17.. Yliagnetoelectric relays 103
18. rnectrodynamic relays 105
Ch.VI. Inductive mechanisms- -- 107
19. Principle of action -- 107
20, Calculation of moments -- 109
Ch.VII. Step-by-step electromagnetic mechanisms 113
21. Purpose of step;&by-step electromagnetic mechanisms 113

L 25573-66
ACC NRt
AM6010192
22. Arrangement of step-by-step electromagnetic mechanisms 114
Ch.VIII. Vibratory converters (vibrators) 116
23. Purpose of vibrators -- 116
24, Electromagnetic vibrators for porter supply devices- -- 117
25. Vibrators for the conversion of weak d-c signals 118
Ch Ix. Magnetic clutches 120
2K Purpose and classification of magnetic clutches 120
24. Friction clutches, -- 120
2 . Iron powder clfttches -- 12.
29. Clutches coupled through a magnetic field 128
Ch.X. Some industrial electromagnetie, devices 130
30. Types of electromagnetIc movIng -.armature equipment 130
31. Informa'Aon r9layB -- lp
32. Power relays keontactors) 139
Part'A;wo
Magnetic Amplifiers
Ch.XI, General considerations 142
Card 4/11

L 25573-66
Am6olo192
1. Physical foundations- -- 142
2, Magnetic materials -- 145
3. Design of magnetic amplifiers -- 1-51 -
4, Theory of the magnetic amplifier 165
Ch.XII. Single-cycle magnetic amplifiers 172
Basic circuits and parameters 172
9
.0 General calcualtion problems 178
7. Methods of selecting the magnetic mode 184
S. Determination of design and winding data and formulating amplifi
ebaracterist-Ics -- 195
9. Graphic calculation methods -- 201
Ch.XIII. Push-pull magnetic amplifiers -- 208
10, Amplifiers vd.th carrier frequency output 203
11, Amplifiers with rectified current output 215
12. ;V-cctor diagram of -a push-pull amplifier anv- t.)e Oesigning, of its
characteristics -- 223
13. Calculation of push-pull amplifiers 22.01
Ch.Yd-V. Magnetic voltage amplifiers (magnetic modulators) -- 240
14. Magnetic voltage amplifiers with fundamental frequency output -
Card V11

L 25573-66)
Am6olO192
I Magnetic vbltage amplifiers with doubled fre ency output 242
12.. Magnetic modulators with pulse output -- 24
Ch.XV. Magnetic feedback amplifiers -- 248
17. Feedback in singl-e-cycle amplifiers- -- 248
18. Feedback in push-pull amplifiers -- 254 63
19. Special features in the calculation of feedback amplifiers 2
Ch.XVI. Transients in magnetic amplifiers 266
.20. Magnetic amplifier inertness -- 266
21, Mbth6cb of reducing magnetic amplifier reaction time -- 272
Ch.XVII. Fast-response and semicondutor magnetic amplifiers 278
22. Fast-response magnetic amplifiers 278
23. Semiconductor magnetic amplifiers 2$7
s 291 -2-
Ch.XVIII. Utilitation of magnetic-amplifier
24. Examples of -the uti-lizatioft'of ~magndti-a-amplifidrs 291
25. The magnetic amplifier as a component of an automatic system 296
Industrial series of magnetic amplifiers -- 297
Part three
C - ,,I a ea
Contactless electromagnetic relay devices
Card 6A1

2*X'13-66
ACC NR: A146oio192
Ch. XIX. Classificat-lon
1. Advantages and drawback of contactleBS electromagnetic-relays
and their classification -,- 30).
Ch.XX. Magnetic amplifiereunder relay conditions -- 303
2, Choke magnetic relays -- 303
3. Calculation of choke magnetic relays 307
4. Methods of calculating choke magnetic relays- -- 310
5. Magnetic relay operation and dropout time -- 314
6. Properties of choke magnetic relays -- 316
7. Contactless transformer magnetic relays -- 317
8. Approximate calculation of a transformer magnetic relay - 321
Ch.XXI. Ferro-resoriant rel-ays -- 324
9. Arrangement of ferro-vesonant relays -- 324
10. Considerations concerning the calculation of ferro-resonant
relays -- 327
11. Methods of an approximate calculation of ferro-resonant relays
-- 329
Ch.XXII. Controlled transformers 333
12. Types of controlled transformers -- 333
7A1