SCIENTIFIC ABSTRACT SAMSONOV, G.V. - SAMSONOV, G.V.

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• Collection: Scientific Abstracts
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• Document Creation Date: November 2, 2016
• Document Release Date: August 22, 2000
• Sequence Number: 3
• Publication Date: December 31, 1967
• Content Type: SCIENTIFIC ABSTRACT

891904
S/078~61/006/003/019/022
C, b BI 21 P208
AUTHORS: .Samsonov, G. V Vereykina, L. L, Titkov, Yu. V.
TITLE: New method of preparing phosphides by reduction of oxides with
phosphine
PERIODICAL: Zhurnal neorganicheskoy khimii, v. 6, no. 3, 1961) 749-751
TEXT: Because of their valuable and interesting properties as semiconduc-
tors, the phosphides of metals and non-metals have found wide application
in pyrotechni,::s, in metallurgy for special.coatings of steel parts, and for
refining the structure of alloys. The conventional methods of preparing
phosphides by direct reaction of,metals with phosphorus and by reaction of
metallic halides with gaseous phosphorus compounds, required a-complicated
equipment and were very time-consuming. A new method of preparing phosphides
by the action of phosphine on oxides of metals and non-metals was devised.
It bases upon the reaction MeO + PH 3 ~ MeP + H2 0, in which,phosphine dis-
sociates to phosphorus and atomic hydrogen, which promotes the reduction of
oxides. The method was successfully used in the production of gallium
phosphide. The gallium oxide applied is obtained by dissolving metallic
Card 1/2

899014
S/078,/61/006/003/019/022
New method of B121/B208
. .
gallium in concentrated nitric acid and by subsequent thermal decomposition
of the resultant gallium nitrate at 6000C. It is then completely converted
to the oxidic form at 10000C. The resultant gallium phosphide is a yellow
powder, insoluble in water, but soluble in mineral acids and alkali lyes~
when heated. Chemical analysis of gallium phosphide indicated 69.02~6 Ga,
30-78~6 P` corresponding to the stoichiometric composition. X-ray analysis
showed a cubic lattice of the sphalerite type with a = 5.45 A which is in
good agreement with the data of Ref. 9 (5-436 A) and Ref. 10 (5-4504 A).
There are 1 figure and 10 references: 6 Soviet-bloc and 2 non-Soviet-bloc.
ASSOCIATION: Institut metallokeramiki. i spetsiallnykh splavov Akademii
nauk USSR
Otdel tugoplavkikh materialov (Institute of Powder Metallurgy
and Special Alloys, Academy of Sciences UkrSSR, Division of
High-melting Materials)
SUBMITTED: August 23, 1960
Card 2/2

30335
3/185/61/006/005/012/019
7 2 0 0 00 36-1 16 ~z_3 D274/D303
AUTHORS: Samsonov, 4.V., and SynelInykovaq V.S.
TITLE: On the width of the forbidden gap in boron carbide
PERIODICAL: Ukrayinslkyy fizychnyy zhurnalp v. 6, no. 5, 1961,
687 - 689
TEXT: The temperature dependence is investigated of the resistivi_-
ty of commerqial boron carbide and of relatively pure boron carbide.
The specimens were prepared by hot-pressing in graphite molds. The
width of the forbidden gap was calculated from the temperature de-
pendence of the resistivity; it was found to be approximately 1.64
ev. The commercial B40 contained Fey Sig and Cr impurities, as well
as traces of Zn, Sb, Cu and Ni. The pure boron-carbide.was obtained
by hot-pressing in an argon atmosphere. The temperature dependence
of the resistivity of commercial B4C was measured up to 20000C, and
of the pure B40 up to 160000; the measurements were conducted by a
method given in the references. The results of the measurements are
shown in figures. The character of the curves is in both cases ana-
Card 1/3

3
S/185 Y13~006/005/012/019
On the width of the forbidden D2744~
D303
logous to the curves for silicon carbidep i.e. firsty the resisti-
V4 ty decreases owing to the excitation of the impurity,electrons,
then it increases due to scattering by thermal fluctuations, and
then it decreases again on transition to intrinsic conductivity.
The temperatures of the corresponding transitions are however dif-
ferent for each of the boron-carbide types, as well as for the si-
licon carbide. Thus, the transition to intrinsic conductivity of ~
pure B40 takes place at 1100-115000 as compared to i6000C for SiC.
The act-1vation.energy of the electrons, calculated from the tempera-
ture dependenceV*f-the resistivity, is approximately 0.7 ev for
pure B4C in the temperature range 1400 - 15500C and in the tempera-
ture range 1700 - 20000C - approcimately 1.64 ev. In the authors'
opinion, 097 ev. is not the width of the forbidden gap, but the
transition energy of electrons. Intrinsir~ conductivity appears at a
temperature of nearly 17000C9 and the width of the forbidden gap is
approximately 1.64 ev. The energy bands of B40 are shown in a figu-
re, and the transition between bands is explained. The electrical
conductivity in BtC is mainly due to the flow of holes in the filled
band, and of elec rons - in the conduction band. There are 5 figures
Card 2/3

30335
3/185/61/006/005/012/019
On the width of the forbidden D274/D303
and 6 references: 2 Soviet-bloc and 4 non-Soviettbloc. The referen-
ces to the English-language publications read as follows: R. Rid*-
wayp Trans. Am. Electrochem. Soc., 63, 369, 1933; 66, 117~ 1934;
M. Yamaraki, J. Chem. Phys., 27, 3, 746-51, 1957; G. Fetterley, J.
Electrochem. Soc.. 24, 79 746p 1957.
ASSOCIATION: Instytut metalokeramiky i spetsiallnykh splaviv AN
URSR m. Kyyiv (Institute for Powder Metallurgy and
Sp#Aial Alloys AS UkrSSR9 Kyyiv)
SUBMITTED: January 2, 1961
Card 3/3

2665o
X-ray measurements of the thermal a ... S/07o/6i/oo6/oO5/oo8/oll
E032/E114
Chararteristi~ temperature the root mean square amplitude
of the thermal vibrations of the complexes, and the melting
temperature, Numerical results are reproduced.
figure shows the lattice constant a of the hexaborides as
e. funttion of the atomiz radii of the metals. The lattice
~,onstant a tanda to in-crease with the atomic radius.
There are 1 figure, 2 tables and 25 references: 20 Soviet and
5 non-Soviet. The English language references read as follows:
Ref.15,- E. Felten, J. Binder., B. Post. J. Amer. Chem. Soc., If.80,
3479, 1958.
Hef-17-a C.F. Cline, Nature, V.181, 476, 1958.
Ref.21., H. Eickq P. Gilles. J. Amer, Chem. Soc.. V-81, 5030,1959.
ASSOCIATION: Moskovskiy gosudarstvennyy universitet im. M.V.
Lomonoso~ra (Moscow State University �m. M.V.Lomonosov)
Inatitut metallokeramiki i spetsiallnykh splavoir
AN USSR (Institute of Cermets and Special Alloys,
AS Ukr.SSR)
SUBMITTED: March io, 196,1.
Card 2/4

27696
S/07 -1116 1/00 6/0 10100310 10
%-10 B 1
0 l /B2~2~
AUTHORS: Samsonov, G. V., Serebryakova, T. I., Bolger, A. S.
TITLE: S,-nthesis and physicochemical properties of strontium,
hexaboride
PERIODICAL: Zhurnal neorganicheskoy khimii, V. 6, no. io,i961, 2243-2248
TEXT: The authors synthesized SrB6 by the reactions SrO+B4P+2B-Sr]36+Co (I)
and SrO +7B =SrB6 +(BO) (II). Initial substauces were BrO obtained by
heating 96.37 % SrC03 to 12500C, B4C, and 98.4 % B. The composition of
briquetted charges corresponded to the reaction equations. They were
heated to 1000-20000C for 1 hr each. Then, their composition ias
analytically determined. Heating was conducted in an electric.vacuum
furnace. The pressure in the furnace was determined according to
G. V. Samsonov (Ukr. khim. zhurn., 23, 287 (1957)). Reaction I showed a
pressure increase at 12500C caused by SrO reduction in which Sr evaporated.
In the range of 1000-12000C the reaction proceeds very slowly. In the
range of 1500-17000C, the SrB 6 yield was only 60-70 % due to evaporation
Card 1/3

27896
S/078/611/006/010/003/010
Synthesis and physicochemical properties... B1011/?122.6
of Sr. In the range of 1600-20000C, SrB 6 formed so rapidly that Sr did
not volatilize. The yield increased to 87 %. Since reaction I yielded no
carbon-free product (0,44 % C at 20000C), reaction Ii was studied. Herel
a minimum yield of SrB 6 (62.9 %).was observed at 16000C due to rapid
evaporation of Sr and B. Maximum yield (75.4 %) was obtained at 18000c,
the product being free from C. The following physicochemical data are
mentioned; Heat of formation of SrB6 -50.4 kcal/mole; radiation
coefficient =0.79 at A -0.655 mp between 800 and 18000C. Between 1400 and
21000C, vapor pressure follows the equation: log pmm =6,43 -21423/T.
Therefrom, the boiling point of SrB 6 is calculated to be 54000C. Heat of
sublimation was found to be 97.2 X3.0 kcal/mole. For samples pressed at.
21000C and 150 kg/cm2 (residual porosity about 10 %), the following data
were found: Electrical resistivity -191.8 gohm-cm (referred.to material
2
free from pores), microhardness =2900t'.90 kg/mm. . L. Ya. Markovskiy's
paper (Zh, prikl. khimii, 33, 1295 (1958)) is mentioned~ There are
5 figures, 3 tables, and 14 references: 9 Soviet and 5 non-Soviet. The
two references to English-language publications read as follows-
Card 2/3

27896
S/0713/61/006/010/003/1-310
Synthesis and physicochemical properties... B101/B226
W. Dutoit, J. Chem. Phys., 24, 111 (1927); E. Jonesan, M. Becker, J.
Chem. Soc., 2669 (1927).
ASSOCIATION: Otdel tugoplavkikh materialov Instituta metallokeramiki
i spetsiallnykh splavov AN USSR (Division of High-melting
Materials of the Institute of Powder Metallurgy and
Special Alloys AS UkrSSR)
SUBMITTED: August 5, 1960
Card 3/3

301118
15'.2 2LID S/078/6i/oo6/o12/O04./O11
B110/B147
AUTHORS- Samsonov, G. V., Verkhoglyadova, T. S,
TITLE- Nitration of powdery niobium and some properties of phases
formed
PERIODICAL: Zhurnal neorganicheskoy khimii, v- 6, no. 12, 1961, 2732-2737
TEXT; Nitration conditions for the formation of niobium.,nitrides of,
various compositions, and the determination of their physical charabteris-
tics were studied, Nb powder with a cubic lattice constant a = 3-29 a and
a particle size of 2 - 7 4, sodiothermically obtained from K2NbO.F 5# Waz
used. Nitration was carried out in a special unit (Fig. 3). Accor."'_in- +0
C_-
expei-imental results,a solid solution of N in 11b (of -phase) forms after
shoi-t nitration (15 - 30 min) ate 5000C, At 6oo - 12000C,, a mix-,ure :;f V~
the nitride -Qhases and F is formed. After 30 - 60 min, othe-r.
0
phases form at 9000 C ITY (/7-phase) and 12000C NbN (r,?-phase) without
admixtures r- f4'- land C-phases were found =-diographically- The
Card 1

30178
S/078/61 /',,0ob"/0
Nitr~Aion of powde7y niobium and B11O/BI47
lattice constant of Nb increases from 3.29 to 3-35 A with an N conoenura-
i on ( 0 - 71/,, by we ight , t hat of Nb 211 (/.?-phase.) (Nb = 92-0'/70; 11

98 ti, Vh,'~r-phla3e only obtained in a mixture with oth;~-
3 . OA ; C = s Q
han tae cr,_nsr;.tnL3., a c - 3~33 i, :The lat."-_~'.
a
ts of the k- -AA "-
as-ec -Ailclh are sufficiently gonstanT a
h
c
sta
.
i
on
n
p
high If content, were zi o for the (fl-phase
0

2_c,9. 1 6 a ror t, -phaae
(Nb = e6.8~-q ii an~ a = 1,1
(Nb = 86, 951i"o; N 3, li-IJ) --I study of ~he rit-r-ration ~~urzves (diepinderl-.a of
log % N - log-; 11 17 conlert , Z~ t-Lme of nit-ration Showed t1hat-
L U t ne
nitro,;ze.- saturu~j.on vias linear for a time of 15 - 190 min and wi-:h
format'-"~n C-1- -I?i!asp and uarabolic wiitii Nb"
n,_ cn, e Nb,~i
V-_ cf ~j~-ream does nct affFic, the composii- ion of ni-r~~_Tior
produce-- Tae rate of furna(;-e heating4 'fa3 a C_ C.'~!
On ','r,.p ~emltic_~arithmical curve of temperature de.penden~,e of the ra-
consl._~nts.. the sections of. (1) formation of the solid sclu-Vion of OT in
Nb (a-phase); (2) -phase, (3) 15-phase are distinguighed The
ener,~ies aree Y-pAiase z 72609 ff-pba_-~- = 7680.
This rorr,2spon~_s to the lower beat Gf fC:7'1_-t lt~n
Card

30178
S/078/61/oo6/m/004/011
Nitration of powdErj niobium and ... B110/B147
which is 56.8 kcal/mole (Nb 2N = 61.1 kcal/mole), and to less firm Nb-N
bonds, whereas the Nb-Nb bonds of Nb 2N are firm. The microhardnesses of
NbN = 1396 + 26 and Nb 2N'= 1720 + 100 kg/mm3 obtained by hot pressing
0 2
of powdery nitration products at 1850 - 190O.C and 120 - 150 kg/cm were
in good agreement with the ratios of the heats of formation of the
nitration reaction and coefficients of thermal expansion
(Nb2N = 3.26,lo- 6, NbN = 10.1-10-6 degree-1). Measurements of the
specific gravities of sintered specimens yielded extreme vel.-les on the
curves of dependence of the specific gravities of the N concentration in
the alloys. They correspond to the N concentration in the solid solution
of Nb and in the nitride phases P and-,E.. The thermo-emf of N)V was 5-0
0/degree.The thermo-emf of Nb,N increased linearly with the temperature
0 0
from 5 to 9 at 180 C and to 15.5 at 750.C. The resistivity of nitride
phases increases as the N content decreases, due to the increase of Nb-Nb
bonds, i. e., increase of the ion component in the bond. Thus, energy
disruptions causing semiconductor properties are to be expected in -N
Card 310

30178
S107al6i100610121004/011
Nitration of powdery niobium and ... B11O/B147
impoverishment (fi-phase) and decrease of the lattice defectiveness. The
temperature dependence of the vapor pressure of NbN: log P=5-1 - 201000/Tt
measured according to the Langmuir method, yielded a vaporization heat of
91..r 1-cal/mole, and a boiling point of 37000C at 1 atm. The authors
thank Frofesaor G. A. Meyerson for advice. There are 8 figures, 3 tables
and 7 references; 3 Soviet and 4 non-Soviet. The three references to
English-language publications read as follows: B. Matthias. J. Phys. Rev.,
92, 874 (1953); E. Gulbransen, K. Andrew. J. Metals., Z,,586 (1950);
G. Brauner, J. Metals, 2, 131 (1960).
ASSOCIATION-. Institut metallokeramiki i spetsialfnykh splavov AN USSR
(Institute of Powder Metallurgy and Special Alloys AS UkrSSR)
SUBMITTED: October 6, 1960'
Fig- 3. Diagram of nitration unit. Legend; (1 nitrogen bomb; (2)
furnace with Cu filings; (3) and (6) traps; (4~ absorption cylinders with
Cu filings in NH4Cl solution; (5) absorber with H2so4; (7) absorberswith
Card 4/,j

5.2 (oQ S/051/61/011/003/.003/00.3 Z'
-C I 2C ro.33oo B132/E435
AUTHO
RS: Samsonov. G.V. and Pen'Rovskiy. V.V.
TITLE: A 'study of the emis.sive power of certain.r-efractorv
_comnounft, in the infra-red region.
PERIODICAL: Optika I spektroskopiya, 1961, Vol.11, 110-31, PA-410-4111
TEXT: Compositions studied by the authors were-limited to two
types of mixtures, v�z. SIC-MoSi2 and Si2- All
S'C-S'3N4-Mo
these vrere found to resist oxidation when heated In air up to
'00 vro
1
4 15000C. The t -component mixtures of SiC-MoSi2 were
prepared with the SIC contents,of.60, 80 and 85%; the three-
co,nDonent mixtures were composed ~'of SIC, MoSi2 and SI. The amount
of !he latter corresponded to the stoichiometric requirement for
S'3N4, The particle size-was less than 53 11 in the case of Si
and MoSi2 and less than 10 A in the case of SIC. The samples
were prepared in the usual way, by compounding with a bakelite,
solution, pressing and squeezing out to form rods of 5 to 6 mm dial,
which were subsequently dried at room temperature followed by
drying at' 1500C and final sintering at 500*C, in the atmosphere of
hydrogen in the case Of SiC-INIOS12, and*nitrogen in the case of
S'C-S'3N4-MOSi2, The samples were heated'up to 1500% and did not
Clard 1/3

~SI0511611011100310031003.-
A study of the emissive power of E132/E435
show..any' signs of cracking after 6 hours of heating. They were
mounted in water-cooled clamps,-but 'the temperature along the rods
was found to be-very uiiiform. The emission spectra of the above
samples *ere studied with the help of a recording infr~-red
spectrometer within the interval of 4 to 15 1'. The diiration of
emission of each spectrum.was l7minutes.- The results were
correlated for the general background of the dispe'rsed light;- the
final Intensity readings were taken on a mirror galvanometer with
a scale accuracy of I mm. The emissivity was referred to the
standard SIC Slobar, and plotted as relative intensity vs.
vravelength for each sample. It was shown that the intensities,of
emission of the SiC-XOSi2 and SiC-si3N4-DfOSi2 sgmples were
identical in the region of 4 to 14 11. The'positlons-of.maxima In
the-eirission spectra of Si.C were not affected by the addition.of
3 to 14%U rzol of Xlosi2. Additions of 61%7 mol of Si3,N4 :to SIC
caused displacement of maxima towards the shorter wavelengt1hs.
Acknowledgments are expressed to A.F.Mallnev and A.F.YatsenXo for
assistance. There are 2 figures, 3 tables and 10 references:
4 Soviet and 6 non-Soviet. The four most recent references to.
English language.publications read as follows: R.A.Frledel-,
''card 2/1

S/051/61/013Wt;/003
A study of the ~Missive power of ... E132/E435
A.G.Sharky. Rev.Sci.Instr., 18, 928, 1947;
S.Silverman, J.Opt.Soc.Amer., 38, 989, 1948;
T.B.Steward, J.C-Richmond. Science J-24, 940, 1956; J.Res-Nat.
Bur.Standards 5;, 605, 1957;
'W'.J.SpItzer, D.Klelnman, D.Walsh. Phys.Rev.1 113, 127, 1959.
SUBMITTED: September 3o, ig6o
Card 3/3

041, IILI$ S/120/61/011/004/023/023
15-.9 2z0 Z02l/Z435
AUTHORS: Neshpor, V.S. and Samsonov, G,V.
TITLE: Rhenium Drisilicide as a New Refractory SemicondUctor
PERIODICAL: Flzika metallov i metallovedeniye, 1961, Vol.11, No.4,
pp.638-640
TEXT: The electrical conductivity and thermo a-.m.f. of R*S12
were studied at 20 to 1000*C. The Hall-effect, the hardness and-
oxidation resistance in air were also.investitate(f. Rhenium
disilicide wawprepared'by sintering the stoichfometric mixture of
powders of rhenium and silicon in a tube furnace at 1300% for
3 hours using an argon atmosphere, X-ray studies-showed that no
lines other than those of ReS12 were present., The ReS12 was then
ground into powder and samples were prepared by hot pressing at
16000C and 200 kg/cm2 in argon. They were annealed'for 10 hours
at 1400*C and slowly,cooled to room temperature. Metallographic
analysis showed only one phase which had a microhardness of--
1500 + 40 kg/mm2. The figure shown the relation between log.
electTical resistance log P (p in ohm cm) (curve 1) and therm6
e.m.f. ItV/deg (curve 2) with temperature *K, It can be seen
Card 1/3

21357
S/126/61/011/004/023/023
Rhenlum Disillclde ... E021:/E435
that ReS12 is a semiconductor. The width of the forbidden
zone is about 0.13 eV. The electrical resistance at room
temperature in about 102 ohm-lem-1. At this temperature the Ha'
coefficient has a Positive sign. The.conductivity is of the hol-ell
type. The concentration of admixture current carriers is about
lol8cm-3. The resistance to oxidation was tested at 14000C.
The change in weight during oxidation stops after 30 min oxidaition,
because of the protective film of silica formed'on the surface.
The film had a coarse grained polyhedral structure. The
electrical resistance of the sampleduring oxidation did not
change, showing that oxygen was not penetrating the sample. -
has a tetragonal structure with a =,3.131 and c = 7.676
ReS12
There are I figure and 13 references: 7 Soviet and 6 non-Sov:Let.
ASSOCIATION: Institut metallokeramlkt I spetslallnykh splavov
AN UkrSSR (Institute of Powder Metallurgy and Special
Alloys AS UkrSSR)
SUBMITTED': juiy 16, ig6o
Card 2/3

S/126/61/012/001/017/020
16- 261D 25925 E193/E480
AUTHORS: Kovallchenko, M.S. and Samsonov, G.V.
TITLE: Relaxation processes during hot pressing of
molybden" carbide
PERIODICAL: Fizika metallov i metallovedeniye, 1961f Vol.12, No.1,
Pp-145-148
TEXT: The density of sintered powder compacts, prepared-.by the
hot pressing method,depends, in addition to other factors, on the
manner in which the pressure is taken off the pressed component.
If the load is taken off the compact at the sintering tempe-rature,
the size of the compact gradually increases (i.e. its density
decreases) after the removal of the load' - The obje ct of the
present investigation was to study this after-effect ("relaxation.
elasticity") on hot-pressed M02C. A M02C powder, prepared by
direct reaction between molybdenum and carbon and characterized by
a particle size of 0.5 to 40 ii, wasusedin the hot pressing
experiments carried out at 2000 to 2300% on a manually-operated
lever-actuated'press. The powdiar, placed in a graphite die of
8 mm diameter, was sintered'for 2 to 5 minutes at a given
temperature under a pressure of 115 kg/cm2, after which the load
Card 1/4

S/126/.61/012/001/017/020
Relaxation processes dVVg hot E193/E480
was taken off and the compact was held at the temperature for a
further 0 to 20 minutes. The compact was then rapidly cooled-and
its density determined by the hydrostatic weighing method. The
results are reproduced in Fig.1, where the density (g/cm3) of
sintered compacts is plotted against the sintering time (minutes)
at temperatures (*C) indicated by each curve, the broken parts of
these curves relating to sintering under pressure. It will be seen
that upon the removal of pressure from the compact its density,
decreased with time to approach an equilibrium or quasi-equilibrium
value a- whose magnitude depends on the temperature and the
density at-tained at the moment of removal of the pressure. Since
the rate of decrease of JO should be proportional to the
relative difference APIPO between the attained and the
equilibrium values, it uan be shown that
const e (2)
PO
where t is the sintering time after the removal of pressure and:
Card 2/4

S/126/61/012/001/017/020
25925
Relaxation processes during hot E193/E48Cr
~T is the~relaxation time. Hence, thetime-dependence.of
~ln(,djp/po) should be linear and-this was confirmed by the results
of.the present investigation. It was shown also that
U
RT
T 'roe (4.),
ands -is the activatiori
where T is the absolute temperature U
energy for the proces's"studied. . Since it was found that in the
75200 cal/mol and* 9
case under consideration' U x. TO 6.9 Bec Y
Eq..(4) becomes.
.38850
T,
T --c 9 9
This means that an increase in the sinteringtemperature and'the
resultant increase in-the plasticity of the-sintere4 material-
brings about a decrease in the relaxation time. There' are
3 figures and 4 Soviet references.
Card 3/4

Ain! h o t
,Relaxation processes du g E
193/E,4~O.'
'ASSOCIATION: Institut metallokeramiki i spetsialtnykh splavov
AN UkrSSR (Institute of Powder Metallurgy and Special
Alloys AS UkrSSR)
SUBMITTED: October 3, 1960

8,0

10 2 3006
.70
R Z.-100

j
0
22000
2

'00
1
2
2
2

tz UU ./1 2/00
2000' p

12 16 20

Card 4/4 Fig.l.

U SAAVel/012/003/004/021
E021/E180
AUTHORS: Vaynshteyn, E.Ye., Verkhoglyadbva, T.S.,
Zhurakovskiy, Ye.A.9 and Samsonov, G.V.
TITLE: The fine structure of X-ray absorption K-spectra of
the metal in the homogeneous region of titanium
nitride
PERIODICAL: Fizika metallov i metallovedeniye, v-12, no.3, 1961,
36o-364
TEXT: X-ray spectrographic studies of titanium carbide were
published earlier. The present work investigated the effect of
concentration changes of the titanium nitrogen system in the
region where only the phase TiN exists (30-50 at.% N). Samples
containing 11.7, 12.8, 14.7, 15.4, 17.5, 18.1, 18.8, 20.6, 21.2
and 22.4 wt.% nitrogen were prepared by the method given by Smacnav
and his team ~'Ref-5: Sb. Metallokeramicheskiye materialy i
metody ikh issledovaniya, AN USSR, Klyev, 1959, P-53 (Symposium:
Cermets and methods of studying them, AS Ukr.SSR, Kiev, 1959, Po53).
X-ray phase analysis showed that in all the specimens only one,
phase existed with a NaCl-type lattice having a-parameter
Card 1/ 3

30450
The fine structure of X-ray S/126/61/012/003/0,04/021
E021/E180
increasing from 4.212 to 4.235 kX with increasing nitrogen content.
X-ray spectrographic studies''were carried out on apparatus
described earlier by I.B. Staryy, (Ref-7: Izv. AN SSSR, ser. fiz.,
1958, Vol.20, 798). The crystalline structure of titanium
nitride is always octahedral. Decreasing nitrogen content in the
nitride phase, although maintaining the octahedral coordination,
should lead to a reduction in the role of the p-functions,
decreasing their contribution to the d-band and therefore
decreasing the coefficient of absorption in the corresponding
spectral region; this was actually observed for all compositions,
except those with 21.2 and 22.4 wt.% nitrogen, which very nearly
correspond to the stoichionetric:composition of TiN. Another
explanation of the change in the fine structure of absorption
spectra is that in the nitride phase there is a considerable
ionic component in the bonds which decreases with transition from
the samples deficient in nitrogen to the compound with
stoichiometric composition. This is confirmed.by.results of
measurements of the electrical properties and micrahardness of the
samples. S.N. LIvov and V.F. Nemchenko are mentioned in the
article for their contributions in this field.
Card 2/3

30450
The fine structure of X-ray .... S/126/61/012/003/oo4/021
E02.1/LP180
There are 2 figures and 16 references: 13 Soviet-bloc and 3 non-,
Soviet-bloc. The English -language--reference reads as follows:
Ref.12: G. Kimball, J. Chew. Phys., 1940, vol.8, 188.
ASSOCIATIONt Institut metallokeramiki i spetsiallnykh splavov
AN USSR (Institute of-Powder Metallurgy and Special
Alloys, AS Ukr.-SSR)
Institut neorganicheskoy khimii Sibirskogo
otdeleniya AN SSSR (Institute of Inorganic
Chemistry, Siberian Department AS USSR)
SUBMITTED: January 2, 1961
Card 3/35

S/126/61/012/00/t/021/021
E073/E535
AUTHORS: Verkhoglyadova, T.S., L Ivov; S.N., Nemchenko, V.F.
and Samsonov, G. V.
TITLE. Electric anti galvanomagnetic properties of,chromium
nitrides
PERIODICAL: Fizika metallov i metallovedeniye, v.12, no.4,' .19619
622-624
TEXT: In the system chromium-nitrogen two stable nitride
phases are known - Cr N and CrN. According to one of the-authors
(Ref.l: Samsonov G.V. 2Zhurnal strukturnoy khimii, 1966, 1, 447)
these are characterized by a combination of metallic and ionic
bonds, whereby the latter predominate to some extent. Th is is
due to the high ionization potential of the nitrogen atom and the
low acceptor ability of the incomplete d-shell of the chromium
atom. This assumption on the nature of thechemical bondlin
nitride phases of chromium is confirmed by the.results of X-ray
structural investigations, according to which the chemical.bond in
the higher nitride Cr 2N approaches the type of bond of the
chromium oxide Cr 20 3* In this paper the electricand Sal.vano-
Card I/

Electric and galvanomagnetic ... S/126/61/012/004/021/021
E073/E535
magnetic properties of chromium nitrides are studied. The compact
specimens were produced by sintering briquettes with a porosity of
20-29% pressed from powder of electrolytic chromium. The sinter-
ing was at 9500C (for alloys with a cotrposition approaching CrN)
to 13000C (for alloys approaching the composition of Cr N) for
durations of 3 to 4 hours in nitrogen which was carefulfy purified
from oxygen. The porosity of the specimens varied between 0 and
5',/G. This method of preparing specimens enabled avoiding'changen
in their phase state and the formation of carbonitride phases
which are unavoidable in hot pressing of preliminarily manufactured
chromium nitride powders. From thus produced specimens the
specific electric resistance 0 and the absolute coefficient of
thermo e.m.f. a Tv the Hall coefficient R and the thermal
conductivity x were determined. The results are entered in a
table, which also contains data from the literature for pure
chromium as published'by A. Ye 'Vol (He f.1t: Stroyeniye i svoystva
dvoynykh metallicheskikh sistem, v.1, Fizmatgiz, M., 1959) and
S. Foner (Itef.5: Phys.Rev. , 1997, 107, 1513). It was found that
in contrast to most of the intermediate phases (including chromium
(Siritctiirc and properties of hinary metallic systems)
Card 2/

I-Jectric and gaivanoinagnetic ... S/126/61/012/004/021/021
E073/.E535
carbides), the resistance of chromium nitrides increases from the
lower nitrides to the higher ones. Similarly, the Hall
coefficient and the thermo e.m.f. coefficient increase with
increasing nitrogen content. On the other hand. the thermal
conductivity of the higher chromium nitrides-*is-lower-i-,than of the
lower chromium nitrides. This behaviour can be qualitatively
explained on the basib of the electron structure of chromium
proposed by Ye. S. Borovik and V. T. Volotskaka (Ref-7: ZhETF,
1999, 36, 1650) who assumed that the electric conductivity of Cr
is basically due to highly mobile holes and electrons ih.the
overlapping 'is- and 4p-bands., With some degree of appruximation
VII.Ables utilizing the known expressions of the Hall coefficient
and the electric conductivity for the case of two tpes of
carriers and to determine the numerator (n u2 n u 6 of the
Hall coefficient. The appropriate values are given in the table.
The chromium nitride CrN can be classified as an electron semi-
conductor, the use of which is promising as a negative branch of
high temperature thermocouples (particularly for operation inside
nitrogen) and also for producing thermoelectric transducers of heat
Card 3

Electric and galvanomagnetic ... S/126/61/012/004/021/021
L073/P-535
into electricity with an efficiency of up to 18-20% if paired for
instance with MnSi. There are I table and 8 references:
7 'Soviet-bloc and I non-5oviet-bloc. The English-language
reference is quoted in the text.
ASSOCIATIONS: Institut metallokeramiki i spetsiallnykh
splavov AN UkrSSR
(Institute for Cermets and Special Alloys AS UkrSSR)
and
Khersonskiy pedagogicheskiy im.eni N.K.Krupskoy
(Kherson Pedagogic Institut e imeni N.K.Krupskaya)
SUBMITTEO: 961.
March 7, 1
Card it/

SA:~50,:'(A7, Gf.v.; 11-71'1'.-~-U~ E.P.
itefracto:-y 1-.Ircd'-~cts rf'~C-Alc frcr-L ceritua dioxide. Ogncupoi7 26 no.l:
/~!-',2 161. Q-M~A 14--2)
1. Institil' -Actallok-cra-m-ki i spetsia:Llnykh spla,
.7ov AN USSR.
(Cerillid dioxide)

_~~~G ~.; KISLYy, F.S.; FANASYUKq A.D.; STRELICHEVKOj A.G.;
KHAVRUNYAK.9 I.G.; SERIKOVAs G.N.
Zirconiiim boride tips for thermocouples. Ogneupory 26
no. 2:72-71+ 161. (KMA 14:2)
1. Institut metal-lokeramiki i spetsialInykh splavov AN USSR
(for Samsonov, Kislyyv Panasyuk). 2. Institut avtomatiki Gosplana
USSR (for Strelichenko., Khavrunyakp Serikova).'
(Thermocouples)

SATI'Lf",.U.' G 11 ;
E.A.
Rnoo-tic- of snzo.cxi&,,,~ --ml C"--.Z-b4-dr, with infuseLle "L.Ptalg ct
i
j -0 r,0.7:335-33'
i7
(1-11RA 14:7)
:.,--t-al1olxmid!d i npetsiallnyidi spl*v0v JUE USS:1,
(I'letals at temperatures)

S/074/61/030/001/003/003
B013/BO55
AUTHORS: amsonav__C.. V., Radzikovskaya, S. V.
TITLE: Chemistry of Sulfides of Rare-earth Elements and Actinides
PERIODICAL- Uspekhi khimii, 1961, Vol. 30, No. 1, pp. 60-91
TEXT: The present paper systematizes and generalizes the existing
experimental data on sulfides of rare-earth elements and of actinides. The
structure and properties of this class of compounds are dealt with in
Refs. 1 to 17 (Figs. 1-3, Tables 1-5). The physicochemical properties of
76 sulfides and.oxysulfides are listed in Table 6. Of the main preparation
methods, the following are described briefly: 1) Direct reaction of metal
-ateraction between metal powder and hydrogen
and sulfur (Ref. 15), 2) 1
sulfide, 3) Action of hydrogen.sulfide on metal oxides (Refs. 30, 51,:and
52)~ 4) Thermit reduction, 5) Preparation of sulfides from hexasulfides
(Refs.. 24,78) 6~ Interaction between metal salts and hydrogen sulfide
(Refs. 53,54): 7 Thermal dissociation of higher sulfides yielding lower
sulfides (Ref. 38). The preparation methods of'oxysulfides. are mentioned.
The method described in Ref. 55 is suggested for preparing thiosulfates of
Card 1/5

Chemistry of Sulfides of Rare-earth Elements S/074 611030100110031003
and Actinides B013YB055
the type Me (S 0 which are structurally related to oxysulfides but
2 2 3 3
possess the properties of salts. Data on the following sulfides and oxy-
sulfides are available: the only scandium sulfide described is Sc 2S 3
(Ref. 17), the yttrium sulfides and -oxysulfides describe d are YS, Y5 S7'
Y23V Y32 and Y2023 (Refs. 18-20, 22 and 56), lanthanum forms several
sulfides, LaS, La 2S4 'La2S30 LaS2 as well as La202S (Refs. 15_,18,23-25,
29,56,57, and 76). The sulfides and oxysulfides of cerium, of which the
following are known, have been investigated thoroughly owing to their
promising possibilities of application: CeS, Ce 2CS4j Ce2S 3 ( a, P and)k
modifications) and Ce202S (Refs. 2,15,18,19,22,30-32,51,52,54,56,58,60,
and 61) - (Figs. 4-7, Tables 7-9). Of praseodymium, neodymium and samarium,
the sulfides of composition MeS, Me S Me S and the oxysulfides Me 0 S
3 4Y 2 3 2.2
have been described (Refr, 15,16,23,25,27,29,56 and 62), The following
europium sulfides viere found to exist.: EUS, Eu 3SA, EUS 3.,l-and 'the oxy-
Card 2/5

Chemistry of Sulfides of Rare-earth Elements S/074/61/030/001/003/003
and Actinides B013/BO55
sulfide Eu20 2S (Refs.-29 and.34). The gadolinium sulfides GdS, Gd2S3
(a and ~ modifications), GdS and Gd 0 S (Refs. 18,29 and 35) are known.
2 2 2
The only sulfur compound of terbium described is the oxysulfide Tb 0 S
2 2.
(Ref. 29). Dysprosium was found to form the sulfides Dy 5S7' Dy 2S3 (a,31
and 6 modifications) DyS and the oxysulfide Dy 0 S (Refs. 21,29 and 56).
2 2 2
Holmium oxysulfide Ho 20 2S(Ref. 29) was obtained in a similar manner as
Gd202S. Like dysprosium, eibium forms sulfides of the type ErS, Er 5S79
Er2S3 as well as Er202S (Refs. 18121,29,35 and 56). Thulium oxysulfide
TU202S (Ref. 29) was obtained in a similar way as the other oxysulfides.
The following sulfides and oxysulfides of ytterbium are known: YbS
YbS 1.33' YbS1'-48' Yb 2S3and Yb202 S (Refs. 18,22,36 and 56). Lu20 2S (Ref.29)
is the only sulfur compound described of lutetium, and the only one known
of actinium is Ac 2S3(Ref. 57). The sulfur compounds of thorium have been
Card 3/5

Chemistry of Sulfides of Rare-earth Elements S/074/61/030/001/003/003
and Actinides B013/BO55
studied as thoroughly as those of cerium, i.e. ThS, Th 2S3' Th4S7 (or
Th7S 12 ) and ThOS (Refs. 1,10,38,40-42 and 63-71) - (Fig, 8, Tables 10-13)-
The only sulfur compound known of protactinium is the oxysulfide PrOS
(Ref. 43)a The following sulfides and oxysulfides of uranium are known:
us, U 2S35U3S59 us 2 (a, P arid P modifications) UOS2 and UOS (Refs. 32;42,
45-48, 72.and 73), Of neptunium, the sulfide N P2S3 and the oxysulfide,
NpOS have been described (Refs. 1 and 49), and of plutonium, the.sulfides
PUS, Pu2S31 Pu3S41 and the oxysulfide Pu 2023 (Ref- 50), Similarly to
plutonium, americium-forms Am S and AmSO (Ref. 75). Though most ofthe
2 3
sulfides of the rare-earth elements and actinides have not yet been
in-festigated thoroughly, it is possible to predict their practical applica-
tions, Foremost, cerium- and th6rium sulfides can be used for the produc-
tion of refractory materials. Sulfides are also used in semiconductor
engineering, as catalysts, thermoelectric generators, high-resistance
volumetric resistors, and for the preparation of antifriction materials i
and solid lubricants. Ye. S. Makarov, V. V. Serebrennikov, and N.P.Zvereva
Card 4/5

Chemistry of Sulfides of Rare-earth Elements S/074/61/030/001/003/903
and Actinides B013/BO55
are mentioned. There are 8 figures, 13 tables, and 78 references: 19
Soviet, 18 US, 1 Australian, 4 British, 26 French, 13 German, and I
Italian.
ASSOCIATION: In-t metallokeramiki i spetsiallnykh splavov AN USSR
(Institute of Powder Metallurgy and Special Alloys AS
UkrSSR)
Card 5/5

ZZ520
~S/060/61/034/001/001/020
A057/i129
AUTHORSt Samsonov, G.V., Paderno, Yu.B., Kreyngolld, S.1U.
TITLE: Preparation of Lanthanum Hexaboride
PERIODICAL: Zhurnal Prikladnoy Xhimii, 1961, Vol. 34, No. 1, PP. 10-15
TEXT: The preparation of lanthanum hexaboride from lanthanum oxide and
boron carbide or boron was investigated and optimum conditions in vacuum
were determined. Hexaborides of raie-earth metals are of interest since
these borides (especially LaB6) are used as materials for power-tube.catho-
des. A method-is,presented.to establish the best conditions for obtaining
also hexaborides of the other rare-earth metals. The pulverized materials
La20 B C and B were mixed in stoichiometric compositions corresponding to
the 41uafionss
La203 + 3 B40 ---j~2 LaB6 + 3 00 (1) or
La 0 ~+ 15 B 2 LaB6 + 3/2 B202 (2)
2 3
and then sieved and briquetted. The briquettes were fired at the tempera-
Card 1/5

22520,
S/080/61/034/001/001/020
Preparation of Lanthanum, Hexaboride A057/A12q
ture investigated in a vacuum oven and the reaction rate was determined by
controlling the change of pressure for different temperatures. In Fig.1 the
dependence of the pressure on the holding time in the reaction of La203 W'th
B40 is demonstrated. The obtained Products were subjected to chemical and
x-ray analysis with a PKA (RKD) camera and Cu-source. The obtained experi-
mental results are presented in Tables 1 and 2. Both reactions (1) culd (2)
start at 1,200-1,3000C and terminate.after I hr at -1,500-1,6000C. Thus op-
.timum temperature.is in the range of 1,500-1,6oo0c. Reaction (2) gives a
carbon-free product. At higher temperatures losses of lanthanum. dud to eva-
Poration take place in reaction (2). Approximate heat.of formation for-LaB 6
was determined by tensiometric analysis with 7112-3t6-5 kcal/mOle Tempera-
ture dependence of the true specific heat of LaB is op = 21-73+2;.4-~10-3-T
Cal/mole,-degree. The-obtained value for the head of formation compared with
the corresponding value for CeB6 (-81 kcal/mole) confirms the theory:of de-
pendence of the thermodynamical Btability on electron configuration. In
connection with preparations of borides the following papers were mentioned:
G.V. Samsonov, Yif.B. Paderno, SOV Patent Now 121561 (1959); G.V.-Samsonov,
A.Ye. Grodshteyn, ZhFKh, 30,379,1956 ; V.S. Neshpor,..G.V. Samsonov, Elektrold-
ka 3,148 (1959); Yu.B. Paderno, T.I. Serebryakova, G.V. Samsonov,.Doklady AN
Card 2/5

27063
S/080/61/034/003/003/0.17
A057/A129
/A / 3 ap 0
AUTHOR: sleptsov, v. M., Samsonov, G. V.
------------------
TITLE: Preparation of boron nitride by nitration of a mixture of boron
anhydride and carbon
PERIODICAL: Zhurnal * prikladnoy khimii, V. 34, no.~-3, 1961, 501-505--
TEXT: Based on the method proposed b Iy A. St9hler and F. Elbert [Ref. 5:
Ber., 46, 2o75 (1913) 1 the production of boron nitride by heating boron anhydride
with carbon black in a flow of nitzogen at a temperature of up to.2,0400C accord-
ing to the reaction B203 + 3C + N2 = 2BN + 3CO was investigated. Boron nitride,
called also "white graphite', is a crystalline substance with properties (high
melting point, low thermal conductivity, high resistance to different agents etc.)
which make it suitable for refractory products and also as admixture-for high-
temperature lubricants. Several methodg are known for the preparation' of boron
nitride and.are reviewed by the present authors In a prior paper [Ref'. 1: Voprosy
poroshkovoy metallurgii i prochnosti LMaterialov (Problems in powder" metallurgy
and material.-strength), Izd. AN USSR (Ed. AS UirSSR),, 5, 66 (1958)1-.' The most
common of "these methods is nitrattion of boron anhydride by ammonia gas, but
Card 1/5

27U63
P/080/61/034/0.03/00~/017
Preparation of boron nitride by nitration of AOWA1~9
considerable difficulties are encouzitered in the purification of the final
product from the calcifLm oxide '?carrier". An expedient development was made,in
Stiler's method by using carlbon-black simultaneously as "carrier" -arid as reduc-
ing agent for boron anhydride, but rather low (26%) yields were-obtained and-fhe
product was contaminated wit'i carbon. For this reason more detailed investisa-~~
tions of this procedure weri made In the present work and attempts at improve:-
.ment were centered on devel-i '-dng a better contact between the reacting solids,
on establishing the optimum vatio of the reactants, and on finding optimum
temperatures. Pure boric acl! and lampblack was mixed (varying the ratio)
during I hour, sieved (60 Yre ':h sleave) and boric acid Was dehydrated by heating
according to M. S. Maksimen:-, and 0. V. Samsonov [Ref. 6:' Sb.'"Kih&tika_i `
kataliz" ("Kinetics and Cit I !.Ysis") , Izd. AN SSSR, 129 (1960)]. ."_ Thus a'porous
sinter product was obtainee ~,ith a thin boric acid film on ciLrbon blabk_-'- The ~
product was grolmd, sieved i4,.d finally.nit'rated. Preliminary'tests de-mon6trated
that with stoichlometric e --positions (71% by weight H B 'An'd-29% l*,i4iiht
i~ 3 0
carbon black) a heavily c& 1--in-conta-minated product is obt1hed_-_ Thus only'25,
20, 15 and 10% by weight. c- i`~on black was added, and the duration*of grinding.
the sintered product incre J ld correspondingly up to 8 10 houi~~.
obtained i,-i nitrations at i 500 1,9000C show that the reduction of 1)203 is
Card 2/5

27063
S/080/61/034/003/003/017
Preparation of boron nitride by nitration A05(/-AI29:
completed above 1,600 0C. Maximum nitrogen content in the product-is attained
with 10% carbon black in the charge and decreases for 15% and 2(~j and, decreases
sharply at 25% carbon black'6ontentz. ~ The- following mechimisi.of 'reduction is
proposed by the. present -authorst The reaction'oonsists 6f - th6 - i,6&tction of boron
anhydride with carbon black to boron and subsequent carboniiati6n or nitration of
the latter. At -a low carbon content in the charge all carbon''is used for reduc-
tion and the excess boron anhydride evaporizes decreasing thus'th6 yield. in-
creasing carbon content. in'.the initial mikture~ increases the -am-ount'of -r'educed
boron anhydride, dAcreases-nitration degree and incrOas6s'the*yield,' Maximum
boron nitride yield-is obtained at 1,600 - 1,700'0 when high,v6latill* of B203
is depressed by reduction and nitration. 08timum conditions . f or, the beron nitride
production are: 3 hours nitration at ~ 1,700 C and a carbon, bla6k_-eohtiantu,~ of 15%
in the . initial mixture. A f!urther impreveme-at -is iffee'ted - by.- tw'o-ste p -hitratioR
i.e., first to 1,5000C and then to 1,7000C. -The- typical: ch6Yfiiea1.-compositibn--of'
nitride obtained in this way is; 43.1 - 43.4% B, 55.-2- -~._5%9% N -iind-up to 0.1%
C ~ Corresponding experiments demonstrated 'in the', present work- th&t_,the results
obtained by St8hler were insuffi-sient, because of "the B'Mall r-eaction surface
between the reactants '~by simple mechanical mIxing. Thus 6nlY'3-4%_y'- ields of:a.
highly carbon-contaminated product were obtained. There are 2 figures, 1-table
Card 3/5

27063-
3/080/61/0134/003/003/01~
Preparatlon of boron nitride by nitration_... A657/A19�
and 7'refe'renaesi 5 Soviet-blod and 2'ri6n-Soviet-bloc,.
A SSO-CIATIONi Institixt metali'oksiamiIii i - dpe:~SiAl 114-kh spl:a-Vov, AN USSR (Institute
of Powder Metall-u~gy'and''Special'Alloys, At*UkrSSR)-'.
SUBMITTED: June 24, 196o
Tabl.el.';.LResults of 'of' s.1ntered'pr6duets of boron~anhydriide and'carbon
black-in a flow-of nitrogen-'
Card 4/5

2_)P 0
21100
C
J0'80V(61/,03k/M3/0 15/0 IT
A057/A 129
AV12ORS: Radzikovskaya S, V.,,, Samsqnov,. G. V.
T=: Vacuum-thermic met7--.xod for the-preparation of-cerium and lanthanum,
monosultides
FERIODICALT, Zhuimirl'.pilkladnoy khimli, V. 34, no. 3, 1961, 671 672
TEog, A method for the.,production of monosulfides of rare-earth metals is
dedcribed which allows for a-large-scale production of these compounds used as
components in refractory materials, in parts of radio- and electric engineering
apparat and cal
4is, as.well as investigations of!their physical chemi -properties.
The method is,b sed on the reaction 2MIi~q + Me .7 6MpS~+ 3CO carried out
293,t 3C
in, . vacuum a,~d was,, tested, by. manufacturii~~Cierium' dnd lanthanum monosulfides. The
sulfides _%3 and La 'we(re obtained by a reaction of Ce02,qr'La with dry
2>3 3 203
~ydr4en,:Sulfide'&.i~�00 - 1,0000C. 'The reaction-Me203 + C= Me + CO, Me~53 + Me
IMeS was.proved experimentally by thereduction.-of C602 withe.carbon t1ack at tem-
;era~tlres from 1,000 t1o i,7000C. The results show that until 1,4000C reduction
occurs rather slow; the rate ;�ses sharplyat higher temperatures attaining almost
the maximum at 1,6000C. Sinpiltaneously with cerium metal, apparently cerium oxy-
.Card 1/4

i7073
S/080/61/ 034/Q03/015/017
Vacuum-thermic method for the vrAoa~r~Ltion of cerium andi..A051/A1P-9
carb ides and instable-carbidpa ara, formp& which are also.converted to cari metal.
-The-:r'eaction Ce- ~4`6f,'O was car~ri~d ~ut.inyacuum'(10-'F-, 10-~~
2S -Feto f2p..4..3c~.
3 , _21.7- -
-tbi4,1--in--6he--6empera-'.-lir--- range .1,000 -1,700 C with briquetted 0 X~io. MM5 samples,
and a holding time at each temperature fdr,1 hr. The obtained reaotion.pi~odVq~s
confiAiA~d'still a considerike~. amount of. oxides and oxysulfides,. as w e*ll' as free
c t: , A~ I
arboil (up to 1%). Thus the nextexperiments were carried out with additional
amounts of 10 - 80% Ce23 (related to the weight of Ce2~j). The obtained results
(see Table) demonstrate ~ cerium monosulfide, with stolchiometric composition,
and lowest content of impurities is obtained with a 70% admixture of Ce 2S3* The
latiter can be added immediately to the initial charge and the reaction can be car-
ried out in one step. Nevertheless, A two-step heating with intermediate grinding
of the product is more effective. Corre-sponding experiments with la&.ha-ymm de-
monstrated that no additional admixture is necessary in this reaaAlon-, bvi, 'u-ii-c-
-stage heating at, 1,6500C with latermediate grinding of the products. Thus lantha-
rram monosulfide obtained contazLrs Lat,,tal 81.2%, Sbound 18-6% and Sfree 0-1%-
Both monosulfides are of golden-yellowish color and their X-ray structure and lat-I
tice are similar to corresponding data in the Table. There is 1 table, 1 figare ,
and 3 references: I Soviet-bloc and 2 non-Soviet-bloc. The references to the Eng-
Card 2

27073
S/080/61/034/003/015/017
Vacuum-thermic method for the preparation of cerium and ... A057/A129
lish-language publications read as follows: F.-McTaggart, Austral, J. Chem., 11,
471 (1958); E Eastman, L. Brewer et, al., J. Am. Chem. Soo-, 72, 2248 (195o).
ASSOCIATION: Institut metallokeramiki i spetsialtnykh splavov AN USSR (institute
of Powder Metallurgy and Special Alloys of the AS UkrSSR)
SUBMITTED: June 16, 1960
card 3/4

AUTHONSa samsonov# G.V., Makarenko~
TITLE: Preparation and properties
PERIODICAL: Zhurnal 'prikladnoy khimli,
1444 - 1448
TEXT: Of all. yttriijm carbides the highest
rium monocaibide YC, whose properties
24430
S/080/61/034/007/004/016
D223/D305
G.N., and Kosolapova, T.Ya.
of yt-trium monocarbide
vo 34, no,; 7# 1961p
practical interest is in
in contrast to YC2 should
be closer to tbe chemilcally stable carbides of transition metals
of the V Deriod (zirconium, niobium, molybdenum). Literature does
no'i g_--ve any data on existence of this carbide, hence the present
vi~~_rk deals witb -the investigation into -che possibility and condi-
tions of itz pieparation and study of some properties. To prepare
YC use is mad-, of va~-.~Lum reduction of ytz.-ium oxide, with carbon,
by the followlng reactionz
Y20 3 5C 2YO 3CO.
Card 1/6

Preparation and properties
24430
S/080/61/034/007/004/'016
D223/D305
After explaining the preparation methodology the products of reduc-
tion-carbonization were analyzed for yttrium contentt total and
free carbon, The analysis was difficultq since the products of re-
7
duction decomposed in air. The results of analysis are given in
Table 1 and Fig. 1~
Table 1. Results of experiments to prepare YC (change of stoichio-
metric composition).
Legend: I - temperaturep -C~ 2 - wt. of briquettesi 3 - initial;
4 - finale A; 5 - decrease in wt. %Z 6 - calculat-ed wt. of bri-
quettes after heatingi B (gr-); 7 ratio A/B, %- 8 - heating timet
hours; 9 composition, %; 10 - total C- 11 - free C, 12 - C com-
bined; 13 C total; 14 - N.D.; 15 - N.D.; 16 - samples melted;
0 combined calculated on carbide phase YC : Ocomb
Ctot-al Cfree
x
100 C
free
Card 2/6

24430
.,S/080/61/034/007/004/016
Preparation and propertie s
D223/D305
.Table 1. (Cont'd),
TABJIHAA, I
PGIY;IhTaTl.t OnLITOD UO fl P'frO?ODhhItIf10 MONORaPORAft RTTPRR
(maxTa OTeXIfO5fOTpuqoctcoro oocTaBa)
COMIRawle

W IV
I~c
r
d Ou
R ~
E- Z, N
1000 10.20 9.90 3.0 7.20 137 2.16 62.0 24.8 24.8 Be OW 86.85
IOA5 10.15 2.8 8.22 124 2.W 64A 2t.3 2t.2 no o6a. 85.4
12W 9.90 9.82 0.8 6.99 140 2A6 63.0 20A 20.2
H
6
K
0
P 3A
B
MO 10.99 10.70 2.6 7.76 M 2A6 63.0 20A 20.4 H:
0
6
V S
3,4
W
JO
7.99
7.65
4.2
5.64
135
2.33
62.9
20.4
20.6 1
ue oft 83.3 -
1500 9.78 9.30 4.9 6.90 135 2.00 63.2 20A 20A ue On., 83.6
1550 3J2 2.85 8.6 2.46 M 2.50 64.6 18.2 10.6 8.4 82.8
1600 7.55 8.04 20.0 5.33 10 3.16 74.8 15.6 4.7 HA 90.4
POO 9.94 7.74 22A 7.02 110 3.16 77A 14A ne odir M t
* 9t.5
iSOO 10.22 7.65 25A 7.21 106 3.00 81.0 14.0 no o6H.) 14.
6 95.0
18.50 1 t.10 3.50 23.4 8.73 97.8 2.00 83.2 14A ne oft f4A 97.6
1900 8.85 5.95 32.7 6.25 95.1 3.16 85.3 12.0 no oGa:j MO 97.3
20W
Card 3/6 6.95 Od panix pacunaw mcnQ 3.16 78.0 15.5 OX 15.3 93.3

re
ti
ti
d ;/080 24430
6
61/034/007/004/01
D223 D
0
ara
on an
es
proper
p 3
5
~ig. 1. Composition of reduction- toov
products against temperature.

Legend: V - concentration
G - ratio A/B (see Table 1);
D - tempercature OC; 1 - coeffi-
*
2 - yttrium concentra-
cient A7B; 45
tion; 3 - combined C; 4 - free

carbon; 5 - total C + Y; 6 - cal- 40 -
culated. concentration o f Y; 7 cal- 10~
culated concentration of carbon. -20 -

4
000 WOO
Pile. 1. BasseNNOCT16 COOT011111 nPOAYMOO PG~
axixzx OT TeMUOPINTYPM.
B-COAMM"Iff? (1/6). r-&MMORSO A/B
A - TatnepliTyps (-C).
f
110904MMIMT AIM. COA611"MR110 Ulf"Itif, S -
TO MO CIRS11111101`0 TrAePOAlk, 4- TO NO C11000ARM f

Card 4/6 yrj!epoan; 6 - "xxa caAepwitanA Coant t Y. Vaa-
'
,
qeTaoe eaAepwalme To me yraepoAik.
._

24430 ,
S/080/61/034/007/004/016
Preparatlon and properties D223/D305
It follows from -.he above data that combined carbon agrees with
the calculated value for the formation of the YC phase and free
carbon practically disappears at 17000C,~ similarly the yttrium con-
centration approache3 that of YC at 19000C; at this temperature
the sum (yttrium content + " otal carbon) is more stable and appro-
aches an accuracy of analysis of 97-98 %. Above 19000C the yttrium
melts with a loss of yttrium by evaporation leaving a 11-
':luid pliase rich in carbon. At temperatures of 19000C and time of
3 hours a uniform product is formed, golden coloredp having
a fii~a.n combined C content of 12 %, free C, equal practically to
L,vrc v&jich agrees with carbide YC (-theoretical combined C = 11.89%~
The thermal analysis of yttrium carbide distribution for the range
fr6m 20 to 13.000 by the method of T.S. Verkhoglyadova and L.L.
Vereykina (Ref- 7: Ts'[TEIN, M., v-yp. 2, 14, 1960) using a protect-
ing atmosphere showed !he absence of any transformations; the coef-
ficient of -1,hermal expansion is small and equal to 1~36 o 10-1 de-
gree-1. The spetific resistanceg deiermined by a probe method was
equal to 4 , 1.04,~k~2cm. Thermoelectric power determined for the
Card 5/6

24430
S/080/61/034/007/004/016
Preparation and properties :62231j)305
couple with electrolytic copper and calculated with respect to:
lead was found to be 34,8 ),LV/degree. On the basis of this data it
follows that YC possesses semiconducting properties. The melting
point was e ual to 1950 � 200C. Yttrium. monocarbide rapidly oxidi--
zes in air M a powdered state), decomposes with water and weak
acid and alkali solution; concentrated acids decomposed it slight-
ly. Also it decomposes in air at room temperature at different ra-
tes, first rapidly (formation of oxycarbides) reaching a maximum
and then gradually decreasing (decomposition of oxycarbldes into
Y20;). After 50 hours of air oxidation, the carbon content falls
to .1 % and afTer 75 hours to 2.5 %. There are 5 figures, 3 tab-
les and 8 references: 3 Soviet-bloc and 5 non-Soviet-bloc. The re-
ference to the English-la--aguage publication reads as follows: F.
Speddingy X.Gs2hmider, A. Daane, J. Am. Qhem~ Soo., 80p 4499, 1958.
ASSOCIATION: Otdel tugoplavkikh materialov instituta metallokerami-
ki i spetseplavov AN USSR (Department of High Melting
Materials, Institute of Metal Ceramics, AS USSR)
SUBMITTED: November 5, 1960
Card 6/6

LAKH, V.I.; PROKHORENKO, V.Ya.; TEREBUKH, L.S.; KISLYY, P.S.; PANASYUKI

31475
S/080/61/012/034/01'13/017
ig-s 10o I D-57 D204/D305
AUTHORS: Samsonovy G.Vv~ and Kosolapovap T-Ya.
TITLE: Preparation of metallic chromium by the interaction,
of Or20 3 and Or3C2
PERIODICAL: Zhurnal prikladnoy khimii, v. 34, no. 12# 1961,
2780 - 2782
TEXT: The reaction 2Cr 0 + 30r C = 13 Or + 6 CO was studied to
2 3 2
investigate the possibilily of preparing pure chromium and also
niobium, by an analogous method. In the present study, the reac-
tion was followed manometrically and the products were examined
both chemically and by phase analysis (the latter based on diffe-
rential solubility in H01). It was found that Cr2 03 and Or3C2 reac-
ted at 12000C to give Cr7C3 which in turn reacted with excess chro-
mia at 14000C to yield metallic chromium. Heating compacted stol-
chiometric mixtures of the two reactants between 1000-17000C showed
that initial interaction takes place at 120000. With rising tem-
Card 112

Preparation of metallic chromium
3147~08
S 0/61/034/012/013/017
D204/D305
perature the proportions of Or 203 and Or 7C3in the product decrea-
sed and that of Or increased, to 95.4 % at 16000C. A product con-
taining 96.0 % Or, 0.9 % Or70 3 and 2~5 % Cr203 was obtained on hea-
ting the reaction mixture from 12000 to 16000C and maintaining the
latter temperature for 1 Y2 hours. The oxide could be eliminated
from the product by using only 90 % of the stoichiometric amount
of Or203 in the starting mixture, but this increased the Or 7C3 to
rv 2 %. The best results (98 - 99 % Or, , 1 % Or 7 C3) were obtained
were obtained with 93 - 95 % of the theoretical quantity of Cr2 03'
X-ray analysis, performed by N.N. Zhuravlev (MGU) showed the me-
tal to be P-chromium. There are 1 figure, 2 tables and 5 Soviet-
bloc references.
ASSOCIATION: Institut metallokeramiki i spetsiallnykh splavov,
AN USSR (Institute of Metalloceramics and Special
Alloys, AS USSR)
SUBMITTED: January 27, 1961
Card 212

5/076/61/035/002/008/015
B1241B201
AUTHORS% Kosolapoval T. Ya,p and Samsonov, G. V.
TITLE: Kinetics of the oxidation of chromium carbides
PERIODICALt Zhurnal fizicheskoy khimii, v. 35, no. 2p 1961, 365 366
TEXTi A comparative study has been made of the oxidation kinetics of pow-
der and compact chromium oxide specimens obtained in a fairly pure state by
the methods described in the papers (ief. 5 1 Zh. prikl. khimiij ~_29 55,
1959; Ref- 4 t Zh. prikl. khimii, 32, 1505, 1959). The average grain dia-
meter of all carbides was 5 - 8tt ; the porosity of the sintered Cr C
3 2
specimens was 5-6 %, and that of Cr 7Cr3was 18 - 2o %. The dpecimens were
burned in a Mars furnace, and the CO 2 liberated by burning'was determined
by a volumetric absorption procedure. Oxidation took one hour at 400
10000 C. The results obtained (Table 2) show that the oxidation of chro--
mium carbides begins at 700 0 C, while the free carbon is burned at lowe 'r
temperatures. At a ratio of the specific volume of the oxide film to the
Card 1/5

B/076/61/035/002/0018/015
Kinetics of the oxidation B124/B201
specific volume of the oxidized substance larger than unity, the oxidatioa-,;!,;
is known to obey a parabolic relation. For chromium carbides, this rela-
tion is vCr3C2 - 1,62; v Cr7C3 - 1-77 and v Cr 23 C6 - 1,64- When interpret-
ing the data obtained in the oxidation of Cr 3C2 at 600 - 10000 C as well as
from the diagram of the dependence of the oxidation rate on time in loga-
1;90 . 1.ogIZ;(1); Y2;56
rithmic coordinates# equations y 0 - 36-44t (2) and
8 0 9 0
2 1
Y,1;000 - 50.23`_'(3) are obtained for oxidation. The oxidation of Cr 7 Cr3
carbide obeys a more complicated law which is expressed by equationst
Y600o - 97 logger's 4 (4); ygooo - 196 109C + 156 (5) and yjOooo = 100 logt
0
+ 672 (6). The oxidation isotherm of Cr 23 C6. at 600 C is expressed by the
parabolic equation Y"89 - 28-4-C(7) and that at 900 and 10000 C by the
800
AMW
logarithmic equations y goo' 100 logV + 98 (8) and y,oooo 98 logr+ .1650.0
Card 2/5

-2 es/076J61/035/00VOO~/015.
kinetics of the oxidation B124/B201
It follows 'from the results obtaiiie'd-thai the character of oxitdati6:h differs-,.i
for different carbides and changes with temperature. For the dependence o f f,-~
'owder carbides on tempe~~atu` th
the rate constant of 'the oxidation of-
p r re
following equations holds logk --15550/7 logk
2. 9.P
Crx Cr 0,
3 2~ T3
ape-
4-30 +17476/T (11) and log 4-75 7903/T (12)0 Thd,'comP'&Qt
-Cr 06
23
cimens were oxidized under dontinuous
weight determination for four hours
at 700 and 10000 C; the results are given in Table 3. The following logs-
rithmic relations hold for the.oxidation of the compact speeirdens d
carbidet y 9L,
0 5 logr - 1-4 0 3).,y 0 3.5 10 3-3 and
800 900 Y10000
14 1097- - 17-7 (15)-
ess v3 Sovi t.-bloc and 2non-Soviet-bloc;.1.
There are 3 tables and 5 refereno e
1 reference to English language publication reads as followst'. N. Pilling,
R. Bedworth, J. Inst. Metals, 32, 5291' 1923-
ASSOCIATIONt Akademiya, nauk USSR, Institut metallokeramiki i'~spet"Plavov
(Academy of Sciences.UkrSSR, Institute of Powde3~ Metallurgy
and Special Alloys)
Card 3/5

22004
s/076
,/61/035/004/012/018
B106/B201
AUTHORSt Samsonov, 0. V. and Antonova, M. M.
TITLEt Metastable hydride phase in the niobium - hydrogen system
PERIODICALt Zhurnal fizioheskoy khimii, v- 35, no- 4, 19619 900 - 904
TEXTs A study has been made of the kinetic rules governing the hydrogenaticn
of niobium powder* The phases arising in this connection were subjected to
both chemical and X-ray analysis. The niobium powder contained 99.8% Ift
(the rest, tantalum). The' apparatus employed for hydrogenation is schema-,
tically shown in Fig. 1. The chemical analysis of the reaction products .
was made in analogy to the analysis of titanium- and zirconium hydri .deep as
described in Ref. 5 (Bb. "Metody analiza osnovnykh materialov, prime:ayaye-
mykh v elektrovakunmnoy promyshlennosti".y oh. 19 '19599 str. 85). The in- f
vestigation revealed that the maximum absorption of hydrogen by the nio-
bium powder is attained in a time which is the shorterg the higher the
temperature. The strongest absorption of hydrogen (- 60 atoo) is
attained at a hydrogenation temperature of 6000C after 2-4 hours. The
course of absorption isothermal lines at 600 and 7000C is indicative of
Card 1/6
22004
3/076J61/035/004/012/018
Blo6/B201
metastable hydride phase in ray analyses hav'shown that
f the powder with hydrogen* I- eetione At 800009 the hydro-
saturation 0 is formed in this OOnn 00 Oc it takes only
-hydride of niobiUm fter two hourOl at 9 contradict data bY
en content begins to decrease iegin, These results Angewe
9 for this decrease to 1 247, 119 1953; Refo 48
'go minutes Chemes as the upper limit Of them
G..Brauer (Ref. 39 Z. anorgalle ndicated NbR1.0 tablished trie comPO-
Chemi0o 701 53t 1958), who has ile the authors have es ogenicOn-
homogeneity of the D -phaseg-whi With an increase of the hYdr cX uni:.tO
sition NbH as the upper limit* r .
the lattice parameter & changes k om 3.454
1.34- -grauer3 &~3-44 kX
tent Of the ~ -phasep 1H (in agreement with dat&lby This Phase is Mani-
in the composition 51 0.9 he composition "b"i .34*1 ling the Nbl'i .0
units) to 3.405 kX units in t over to & phase reaemb
festly metaBtableg as it passes ogen content with hydrogenation
of an anomalously high hydr easing lattice Para-
phaset in case or with a temperature rise and incr 1 jhe ele-
e time, ice of niobiumq in 'which not al
taking mOr t. the latt hydrogen atoms- The reV1&iU'ng
meters. It represen n the same number of
mentary cells contai
Card 2/6

22004
3107 '61/035/004/012/018
Metastable hydride phase in 00, B106X201
hydrogen atoms occupy irregular positions, so that hydride NbH 1.34 repre-
sents no well-ord,ered phase. It has been established by X-ray analysis
that the anomalously high hydrogen content of the HbH 1.34 phase is not due
to the formation-of NbH, dihydride. *Temperature rise and,longer time of
2
hydrogenation cause the lattice to be rearranged, the positions of hydro-
gen atoms to be orderadq and, at.the same time, the lattice parameter to
rise' to 3-42 kX units. The pseudocubic., rhombically distorted lattice of
NbH . is formed, in whicb:-all-blem6ntary cells contain the same humber
of hydrogen. atoms. Excess hydrogen is given~off. To bring about. this
stable-A -phase of NbHV the. hydrogenation.of the niobium powder is there-
fore suitably pprformeA for 4-6 hours at 700-8000C or for 1-2 hours at
9000C. The.authors finally determined the gctivatioji energy of monohydrids
formation by diffusion., Ii was found to amount to 3400 cal/mol. The
table, compares this value with the activation energies of.the formation
of silicidpsy-borides, carbides, and nitrides of niobium.by.(fiffusion.
The low value in-the case of hydride proves the readiness by.which the
4a orbital of niobium can be occupied by the hydrogen electrons under
Card 316

Metastable hydride phase in
22004
S/0,76JO/035/004/01211018
B106/B201
.-formation of hybrid states. The anomAlously high value of the total work
function of-the first electron of diffusing hydrogen is due 'to the absence
of,~an-interaction between hydrogen-atoms,in the hydrides;., this inter-
action.oauses the.binding of electrqps with the metal,to be weakened.
Noreo,ver,' the. very small atomj:o radjps crf.hyd;!ogen facilitates its d1f-
fuslon into the.me.tal lattice.'. There are 5 figures,_l tablegand T re-
ferencepa- 4.Soviet-bloo and 3,non-Soviet-blbc. The reference to the
English lang'u'age puVlic'ation,reade do,followss W. Albrecht, M. Mallet,
.19
W. Goode,.J..'Electrochem. Socaq 1099 no. 49
ASSOCIATION: Institut metallokeramiki i spetsiallnykh splavov.Aff USSR
(Institute of Powder Metallurg Iy and Special Alloys of
the AS UkrSSR)
SUBMITTED: July 27, 1959

2Z72
S/020/61/137/003/026/030
q, q36 0 (3 00 s'j '113 7.- It CP 0) B101/B208
AUTHORS: Paderno, Yu. B.p and Samsonov, G. V.
TITLE: Eleotrical properties of hexaborideB of alkaline-earth
metals, rare-earth metals, and thorium
PERIODICAL: Doklady Akademii nauk SSSR, v. 137, no. 31 19619 646-647
TEXT: The electrical properties of hexaborides of alkaline-earth metals,
rare-earth metals, and actinides are of practical interest because of
the use of these compounds as cathodes in electronics. As the data
available were obtained unsystematically and under different experimental
conditions, it was the purpose of the present study to measure electrical
resistance, Hall effect, thermo-emf and thermal coefficient of electrical
resistance on the same samples. Parallelepipeds with the dimensions
12 x 2-5 x 0.5 mm were cut from hot-pressed borides. The porosity of the
samples was 1.5-22%. To warrant satisfactory contact, electrolytic copper
was applied on the ends of the samples. The Hall coefficients were
measured in a field of 12,500 oe. The absolute value of the thermo-emf
was calculated by taking into account the thermo-emf of copper with
Card 1/4

21572
S/02 61/137/003/026/030
Electrical properties of B101YB208
which the samples were coupled. 3-8 samples of each compound were studied
so that electrical resistance and Hall constant could be extrapolated
for zero porosity. Results are given in Table 1. To study the applioabil-
ity of the single-zone model, the following was calculated:
2 2 2
R/e = n+u+ - n_u_ , as well as the concentration n* of the effective
carriers and their mobility u*. The comparatively low resistance of
hexaborides of bivalent metals in spite of low concentration'of free
electrons is explained by the high mobility of the carriers. The low
thermo-emf of Th and trivalent metals may be explained by a high con-
centration of free electrons. It is pointed out that.----a similar anomaly
as that observed in the temperature dependence of the Hall effect of SmB6
was also found in metallic samarium. There are 1 table and 8 references:
7 Soviet-bloc and 1 non-Soviet-bloc. The reference to the English-
language publication reads as follows-, J. Lafferty, J. Appl. Phys., 22,
299 (1951)-
Card 2/4

23833
310201611138100210161024
A,
1
.100 .09, jYrLj 280 L B104/B207
AUTHORS: Samsonov, G. V. and Verkhoglyadova, T. S.
TITLE: The physical properties of titanium nitride in the region of
homogeneity
PERIODICAL: Akademiya nauk SSSR. Doklady, v. 138, no. 2, ig6i, 342-343
TEXT: The authors investigated the microhardness and resistivity of
nitrogen - titanium alloys in the region of homogeneity of the TiN phase.
Microhardness was determined on powders which had been prepared by nitra-
tion of pure Ti powder (99.8 % Ti,-O.1 % Ca, 0.09 % Fe and 0.02 % H).. The
powders contained 35.6-49.8 % N. Briquets were sintered (pressed with
2
2-4 tons/cm , sintered at 900-13000C for 2-4 hr) to measure the,resistance.
Subsequently, the samples contained 34.7-49-8 % N. Fig. 1 graphically
shows the microhardness, determined with a load of 50 g, as a function of
the nitrogen content. Figs. 2 and 3 show the resistance at room tempera-
ture and high temperature (up to 20000C). The microbardness of TiN depends
linearly on N in the same way as the microhardness of TiC, ZrC, Ta2C and
Card 116

23833
The physical properties of titanium...
S/020/61/138/002/016/024
B104/B207
TaC on the C content. For carbides, however, extrapolation of the micro-
hardness to 0 % C gives approximately the microhardness of the metal. This
is not the case for TiN. The authors explain this by the fact that a
considerable amount of ionic bond'oocurs in TO which causes the chemical
bond, the electron structure, and the electron density to assume a form
different from that of carbides; in the latter, electron structure,
chemical bond, and electron density are similar as in metals. This is due
to formation of metal-metal bonds causing a reduction of the titanium
electron ratio in the bonds with nitrogen, a lesser disturbance of the
nitrogen valency electrons,- and a corresponding increase of the energy
difference between the nitrogen and titanium atoms. Therefore, the
dependence of the resistance of titanium nitride differs from that of
titanium carbide (Fig. 2). Fig. 3 shows that TO with approximately
stoichiometric nitrogen content (48-4 %) reveals an almost linear function
between resistance and temperature. A maximum occurs at 18000C. From
these diagrams the authors conclude that in the regions of homogeneity of
this.compound, a reduction of the nitrogen content affects an increase of
the ion bond.- Finally, it is stated that the same effect may also be
expected in the nitrides of other transition metals., There are 3 figures
Card 2/6

23833
S/02o/61/138/00*2/016/024
B104/B207
The physical properties of titanium...
and 9 Soviet-bloc references.
ASSOCIATION:
PRESENTED:
SUBMITTED:
Card 3/6

GAZIM, G.A.; KRYLOV, O.V.; ROGINSKIY, S.Z.; SAMSONOV, G.V.~JOKINA, Ye.A.;
YANOVSKIY, M.I.
Dehydrogenation 'of cyclohexane on certain carbidess, borides, and
silicides. Dokl. AN SSSII 140 no.4:863-866 0 '61. (I-I-LPA 14: 9)
1. Cblen-korrespondent AN SSSR (for Roginskiy).
(Cyclohexane) (DehydrogenaLion) (Catalysts)

-SAMISONOVI G.V., otv. red.; KOZLOV, I.A., red. izd-va; LIBERIUM, T.R.,
(High-temperature ceramic metal materials]Vysokotemperatur-
nye meta-Ilokeramicheskie materialy. Kiev, Izd-vo Akad. nauk.
US.'a, 1962. 149 P. (MIRA 15:9)
1. Akademiya nauk URSR,, Kiev. Instytut metalokeramiky i spetsiall-
nykh splaviv. 2. Chlen-korreBpondent Akademii n1auk Ukrainskoy
SSR (for Samsonov).
(Ceramic metals-Thermal properties)

PEN I KOVSKIY, Uadimir Vladimirovich; ~A~_SONOV-,.-G-V-y otv, red.; TRESVYATSKIY.,
S.G., prof., doktor tekbn, nauk, otv. red.; POKROVSKAYA, Z.S., red.;
YEFII-I,GVA, M.I., tekhn. red.
[Effect of radiation on metals and certain high-melting materials)
Deistvie oblucheniia na metally i nekotorye tugoplavkie materialy.
Kiev, Izd-vo Akad.nauk USSR, 1962. 182 p. . (MIRA 15:7)
1. Chlen-korrespondent Akademii nauk USSt (for Samsonov).
(Metals, Effect of radiation on)
(Materials, Effect of radiation on)

pan i Bou zxno~TAT= sov/066
sameonovp Grigorly Valentinovichy and Mikhail Savvich Mciaillchenko
Goryacheye pressovaniye (Not Pressing). 11yev, Gootekhlzdat
USSRp 1962. .211 p, -3000 6oples printedo
-Zd*t To I* Chumachenko; Tech*-Edt S.M. MatusevIcho
MPOSEs This book Is Intended for engineering personnel In the
machine-building and metallurgical Industries, .1t.say also be
used by students and aspirants Inthe machine-building and
metallurgical departments of schools of higher education.
COVERAGE: Data on the hot pressing of powdered refractory netalop'
and compoundsj, hard alloys# and ferrous and nonferrow *wAtals
are summarized. Presses-of varloundosignsp as well as tech-'
nological processes# are described# and examples of the appli-
cation of hot pressing In various branches of the Industry are
given* No personalities are mentioned. There-ai-e 186 reference"90
mostly'soviet.

Analysis of Refractory (Cont..) 'soV/6030
COVEPAGE: The boob contains data from.the literatuie from
laboratory research on the-chemical .and mbe'hanical pr6pprties,
crys ,talline dt.ru6turke,-'ehemlicall analysis production;.and In-,
dustridl and other appllcat~qns,of silibo'n,carbide and.other.
retractory.compounds. 'Methods of dotermining the basiecom-.
ponents of refract6ry coz~pounds (carbon, boron, nitrogen, and
silicon) are reviewed and detailed methods for the,chemical.
analysis of all prese7r;tly 1diown refractory compounds given..
The authors are associated,with the Institut metallokeramiki
i spetsiallnykh splavov . AN SSSA (InAitute of Powder Metal-
ivrgy,and Special Alloys, Academy of Sciences USSR).' No.per-
s6nalities'are mentioned. There ar~ 327 pe~e 'fences: 175,Sov'iet
and th6-remainder mainly English and German.
TABLE OF CONTENTS (Abridgeld]:
'Foreword
Ch. 1. General Information:on Refractory Compounds
Card 2/4

Analysis of Refractory (cont.)
Ch. II. Chemical Properties of Refractory Compounds
Carbides
Nitrides
Borides
Silicides of transition metals of Groups IV, V,
and VI - 4:
Phosphidez of transition metals
Sulfides of rare earths
Nonmetallic compounds (B4C1 S'Cl-S'3N4' BN' BPI
Ch. III. Metho(fs of Detemining Basic Components of
R6fractory Compounds
Ch. IV. Analysis of Refractory Compounds
Carbides of transition and alkaline earth metals
Nitrides
Borides
Silicides
Rare-earth sulfides
Card 3/4
SOV16030
48
48
'6o
64
74
79
84
86
99
143~
174
181
210
220

Analysis of Refractory (Cont.)
Phosphides
Nonmetallic compounds
Appendix: (Watei Vapor Pressure (mm Hg) at 15-to
35*C (Table)]
References
AVAILABU: 1 Lib3pary of Congress
SUBJECT: Metals and Metallurgy
Card 4/4
SOV/6030
226
229
248
249

S/84'9/62/000/000/001/016
A006IA101
AUMOR: Samsonov, G. V.
TITLE: On the continuous-discrete nature of changes in the type of bond
In refractory compounds of transition metals and principles of clas-
sifying refractory compounds
SOURCE: Vysokotemperaturnyye metallokeramicheskiye materialy. Inst% metallo-
ker. i spets. spl. A14 Ukr.SSR. Kie-q,'Izd-vo AN Ukr.SSR. lc,)62,
5 - 12
MaT: For the purpose of facilitating the development of refractory alloys
with prescribed properties, the author investigates.the physical properties of
transition metals (groups III - VIII of the perio4ic system) combined with non-
metallic materials and attempts to establish the basic regularities In their-
changes with varying crystalline and electronic structures of refractory com-
pounds. According to the concepts of several foreign authors it is assumed that
the nature of bond iszbrongly affected by the degree of incompleteness In the d-
and f-electron shells of transition metal atoms. The evaluation of this degree
of incompleteness is based on the criterion 11Nn, named the acceptor capacity of
Card 1/3

S/849/62-/000/000/001/016
On the continuous-discrete nature of ... A006/A101
the transition metal atom, and on the ionization potential of non-mbtallic atoms.
Depending on the number of electrons, n, in the incomplete d-level, the main
quantum number of this level, N, and the ionization potential of the non-metal-
lic atom, I, changes take place in the electronic concentration between the ske-,
letons of atoms in the lattice, and in the nature of its distribution. An in-
creasd of criterion 1/Nn causes a shift of the relative maximum of electronic
concentration toward the side of the metallic atom (if I = const); at increasing
I and constant I/Nn of the metallic atom skeleton the relative maximum of elec-
tronic concentration is shifted toward the non-metallic atom, entailing corres-
ponding changes in the bond from a metallic to an ionic nature. At very high
I/Nn values of transition metals and in their combination Iwith.non-transition
metals, characterized by low I values, intermetallic phases areformed in which
the d-levels can be filled-up at the expehse of outer electrons of non-transition
metals. In such a manner variations of 1/Nn and I entail a multiple but not in2
finite number of combinations of these criteria, which in turn, predetermine the,
peculiar continuous-discrete nature of changes in the bond type and the physical!
and chemical properties of the corresponding compounds, as in the given case, ofi
transition metals combined with non-metallic materials. The practical applica-
Card 2/3

s/849/62/ooo/ooo/ool/016
On the continuous-discrete nature of... A006/A101
tion of this theory is demonstrated by the analysis of data on the transition
points to super-conductivity of various refractory compounds. As a result, ways
can be Indicated for the development of metals with ultrahigh transition points.
On the basis of the theory developed the refractory compounds are classified into
metal-like, non-metallic and Inter-metallic compoundi. There is I table.
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s/849/62/boo/boo/bii/016
Thermo-emission properties of scandium and... A0061AI01
properties of scandium borides are*mawr',
predetermined by the state.of 4s-elec-
trons. The dominant part of 4s-electrons in this case is confirmed..Low values
of work function of gadolinium borlde eloctrons,in the boride series of rare- i
-earth metals can be explained by;,.t.he.,Vre*wc*_,.pf_ one substantially; free 5d-elec-,
tron and a stable half-filled 4~-le-fi~l~j~L--"~"~T~'n~o'~.'r-c'~;'a-"ft-' 1-table and If1gure.
Card 2/2

S/849/62/000/000/012/016
Aoo6/Aioi
AUTHORS: Neshpor, V. S., Samsonov,.G. V.
TITLE: Electric properties of molybdenum silicides
SOURCE: Vysokotemperaturnyye metallokeramicheskiye materialy, Inst.
metalloker. i spets. spl.- AN Ukr. SSR., Kiev. Izd-vo AN Ukr. SSR.,
1962, 113 - 119
TEXT: For the purpose of studying the effect of silicon concentration
and structure upon the electric properties of silicides, the authors investigated,
the temperature dependence of electric resistivity; thermo-emf and the Hall effect,
of molybdenum silicides. Molybdenum silicide powders Mo 3Si, Mo5S'3 and MoSi 2'
were prepared by sintering pressed mixtures of components in argon atmosphere..
Specimens, 6 mm in diameter and 15 mm high, were not pressed; . Their residual I
porosity was 2 - 8%. The temperature dependence of electric resistivity and
'thermo-emf of the compounds were determined for a 250 - ;3000K temperature range.
The measured differential thermo-emf was converted to an absolute.value using
the temperature dependence of absolute thermo-emf of a platinum comparison elec-,!
trode for MoSi and of an alumel electrode for Mo Si The Hall constants were
2 5 3-
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S/849/62/C 00/000/0 1 P-10 16
Electric properties of molybdenum silicides Aoo6/Aioi
measured in a constant magnetic flux of 12,000 oersted strength at about.
300 amp/cm2 current density. Hall constants and specific resistivity of Mo sili-I
cides were measured at room temperature and from these values the effective con-
centrations of current carriers and Hall mobilities were calculated, As a. result,'',
the metallic type of conductivity of the.investigated compounds was established~~.:
The Mb Si and Mo Si silicides are electronic conductors, whereas MoSi is a
.3 5 3 2
hole conductor. The latter fact is in accordance with the result predicted by*
H. Schenk and U. Dehlinger In 1956 on the basis of the quantum-mechanical cal-
culation of the energy spectrum for this compound. The probability of scattering
of current carriers in molybdenum metal and silicides Mo Si -Mo So and MoSi
3 5 3 2
are In a 1:20:20:1.5 ratio and their Hall mobilities in a 1:0.055:0.04:2.7 ratio.
This indicates the high density of electronic states in the conductivity zones olf.,
lower molybdenum silicides Mo 31'and Mo Si It is shown that.the lower mol~bde~'
3 5 3'
num silicides are similar to(7-phases in binary.systems of transition metals asl
regards both their crystalline properties and electronic structure. Thelordered!
substitution of a portion of silicon atoms in-molybdenum disilicide by aluminum,
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326b5
S/131162/000/001/002/002
B105~Biio
.21- 0 0
AUTHORS; Samsonov? G. V.o Fomenko) V. S., Paderno3 Yu. B.
TITLE: Radiation coefficients of difficulty fusible compounds
PERIODICAL: Ogneupory, no. 1, 1962, 40-42
TEXT: The radiation coefficients of a number of borides, carbides,
silicides, and nitrides of transition metals were measured in the tempera-
ture range of 800-20000C, according to T. I. Serebryakova et al. (Ref. I:
Optika i spektroskopiya, 1960, 8, 410) at the Institut metallokeramiki i
spetsial)nykh splavov AN USSR (Institute of Powder Metallurgy and Special
Alloys AS UkrSSR). Powders of the compounds investigated .were applied in
a paste like form to the surface of a hollow cylinder provided with an
1mm openingg and uniformly heated. The temperatures (OK) on the cylinder
surface (T ) and in the cylinder opening (Tt ) (br = brightnessR tr
br r
were determined with the optical pyrometer of the type UWTMP-09 (OPPIR-69)
and the microoptical pyrometer of the type MY(MP), respectively. The
radiation coefficients were calculated according to the formula
Card 1/2

32 665
S/131/62/000/001/002/002
Radiation coefficients of ... B105/BI10
where c 1-438 cm degree,? X - 650 mg. A differenca
X T tr Tbr
of about O~15-0.20 existed between the radiation* coefficients of powders
aad compact bodies from beryllium oxides graphite, and tantalum. This
permits a utilization of the tabulated data for calculating the radiatiov-
coefficients of smooth surfaces of difficulty fusible materials. There
are 1 table and 2 references; I Soviet and 1 non-Soviet.
ASSOCIATION: Institut metallokeramiki i spetsiallnykh splavov AN USSR
f c'ial Alloys
k.Institute of Powder Metallurgy and Spe AS ma-0
Card 2/?

3Z417
22 so S/021/62/000/001/006/007
/ iv :9 D251/D303
AUTHORS: S,~aRms~~,_~G_-V., Corresponding Member AS UkrSSR, and
--Verkhohlyadovaq T.S.
TITLE.- Physical properties of zirconium nitride in the
homogeneity region
PERIODICAL: Akademiya nauk Ukrayinslkoyi RSR. Dopovidi, no. 19
1962, 48 - 50
TEXT: The authors investigated the properties of 99.96 % pure zir-
conium nitride powder, prepared by a method similar to that descri-
bed for titanium nitride in T.S. Verkhohlyadova, T.V. Dubovik and
G.V. Samsonov (Ref. 4: Poroshkovaya metallurgiya, 1, 4p 196-1). X--
ray analysis showed that the homogeneity region of zirconium nitri~-
de lies between 40 - 50 at.% of nitrogen (9.5 - 13.3 % by weight).
A table is given of the physical properties of zirconium nitride
In this region,, By-comparisons of the specific conductivity, micro-
strength and temperature-concentration of zirconium nitride and
titanium nitride, -it is shown that the role of the ionic bond in
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32417 S/021/62/000/001/'0061'007
Physi~~al properties of zirconium ... D251/D303
the zirconium nitride lattice increases in this region as the nitro-
gen content decreases, and that this increase is higher than in
the corresponding homogeneity region of titanium nitride. It is
stated that this phenomenon is due to the fact that the d-shell of
ele,:-trons is less unfilled in the zirconium atom than in titanium.
There is 1 table, 1, figures and 4 references: 3 Soviet-bloc and 1
non-Soviet-bloc. The reference to the English-.language publication
reads as follows.- D,, Domagala, D. Pherson, and M. Hansen, J~ of Me-
tals, 8~ 98, 1956.
ASSOCIATION; Instit-ut metalokeramiki ta spetsialinykh splaviv
All URSR (Institute of Metal Powders and Special
Alloy3 of the AS UkrSSR)
SUBMITTED: June 28, 1961
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S/226/62/000/0021001,1010
1003/1203
AUTHOR: Samsonov, G. V.
TITLE: Proposed classification of refractory compounds
PERIODICAL: Poroshkovaya. metallurgiya, no. 2, 1962, 3-8
TEXT: Great theoretical and practical importance is attached to scientific data which can be obtained
from investigations of the crystalline structure of refractory compounds and the nature of their chemical
bonds. A classification of refractory compounds is proposed, based on the periodical regularity of change
in the nature of chemical bonds with the electron-acceptance capacity of atoms in the case of transition
metals, and the ionization potentials of non-metallic atoms. Based on these regularities, an explanation is
given for the pyhsico-chemical properties of refractory compounds, and for the changes that occur in these
properties. There are 2 tables.
ASSOCIATION: Institut metallokeramiki i spetsial'nykh splavov AN USSR (Institute of Power Metaflurgy
and Special Alloys AS UkrSSR)
SUBMITTED: June 12, 1961
Caid 1/1

39927
I/v S/226/62/000/003/005/01,1
f003/1203
ALTTHOR~, Kislyy, P. S. and SqmsQno_Y_Q- _V_
TITLE,-, Extrusion die-forming of pipes and rods from refractory metal powders
PERIODICAL. Poroshkovaya metallurgiya, no. 3, 1962, 31-48
TEXT - The article deals with the problem of extrusion die-formiag of mixtures of refractory compounds
with plasticizers, outlines the technological 2rocess of manufactureby a method never before used for
tefractory metal powders. The initial conditions of the powders, the method of preparation of the
mixtures, initial grain size, the type, amount, and method of introduction of the plasticizer, applied pressure
and humidity of the powder and their effects on the properties of the finished products are discussed. There
are 15 figures and 2 tables.
ASSOCIATION: Institut metallokeramiki i spetsial'nykh splavov AN USSR (Institute of Powder Metal-
lurgy and Special Alloys AS UkrSSR)
SUBMITTED,-. January 4, 1961
Caid I'll

S/226/62/000/002/004/0 10
100311203
AUTHOR: Kislyy, P.S., Panasyuk, A. D. and Samsonov, G. V.
TITLE Activated sintering of aiobium carbide
PERIODICAL: Poroshkovaya metallurgiya, no. 2 1962, 38-43
TEXT: Niobium carbide is used in construction of high-temperature resistance furnaces and for high
temperature thermocouples. Sintering of niobium carbide should be done at temperatures up to 3000'C
which are, however, difficult to attain. This work investigates the possibilities of lowering sintering tempera-
tures of niobium carbide poweders by activating the sintering process. Since additions of nickel fail to activate
the process to any substantial extent, the authors used 270 mesh niobium carbide powder containing 88.5 %
of Nb and I I % of C with an addition of I % of Fe and 2 % of CoCI2.. Physicochernical properties are given
of powders sintered in resistance furnaces at temperatures ranging from 1700 to 2600'C in an atmosphere
of hydrogen. Their lower porosity as compared with that of niobium carbide powders sintered without any
activating additions is stressed. There are 5 figures and 3 tables.
ASSOCIATION: Institut metallokeramiki i spetsial'nykhsplavovAN USSR (Institute of Powder Metallurgy
and Special Alloys AS UkrSSR)
SUBMITTED: June 11, 1961
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S/18o/62/000/003/003/016,
E202/E335 f
AUTHORS: Samsonov, G.V. and Shulishova, 0.1. (Kiyev)
TITLE: Calculation of the crystal-lattice energies of
metallic compounds
PERIODICAL: Akademiya n'auk SSSR. Izvestiya. Otdeleniye
tekhnicheskikh nauk. Metallurgiya i toplivo,
no. 3, 1962, 51 - 55
TEXT: Although Sarfclsov's formula for the crystalline-
lattice energy of a metallic compound NX given bys

Y4 (4)
l
WN
p r
(where K empirical coefficient depending-on thelast filled
shell-of M, mm, mx - number of M and X atoms in the

molecule,
respectively; m - their
Sum; AM* AX-- atomic
fractions of the corresponding components; F repulsion'
effects of the electrons of skeleton atoms, F repulsion
,f _fvalency electrons
effect between the valency electrons; f
)
d 1/4
C .
m
ar

s/i8o/62/000/003/003/016
Calculation of .... E202/E335
permits the calculation of E for compounds the bonds of which
cannot be referred to the determined types, there are inherent
difficulties in determining the multiplicity-of the bond cy,
and the calculations are very cumbersome. The authors overc .ome
these difficulties by relating the magnitude of the lattice
period a 0 (assuming a. = ka, where a in the'lattice parameter)
of a single-type compound to the electronic structure:of the
components, viz:
J6 x x
A.
M f, Axi x (5)
in which the repulsion effect of the shared electrons'- F i's
f
given by (A f A.xfx) 2/3 and is thus independent of the
M M
principal quanium number and the introduction'of ce Relation, (5)
substituted in Eq. (4) gives':
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s/180/62/000/003/003/01(>
Calculation of .... E202/E335-
2
a m
(MMfM mxfx
E KI
a a
0 MMMX

which for pure metals reduces further to:
E i2 /a (6a)
Calculations of a
(a/a
and comparison with a as a/a
N
0
o
0
for-the b.c.c. and f.c.c. metals, hexaborides and certain
fluorides confirmed the suitability of the authors' assumption.
The values ,[ KI , which depend on the crystal-line structure.
of the metal, were also evaluated for the b.c.c. and f.c.c.
metals and compared. using the known data of'the bond energy'
of the metals. It was found that Sarkisov's formula is more
strictly obeyed by the metallic bonds rather than ionic.
LAbstractor's note: references to Kapustinakils empirical
formula for the lattice energy were ignored since it is-of con-
siderably lower accuracy than the one of Sarkisov; Eq. (6) is
incorrectly printed in the journal.]
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19-ILIO
S/136/62/000/003/003/008
E021/F,435
AUTHORS: Samsonov, G.V., Dubovik, T.V.
TITLE: Technology for preparation of aluminium nitride and
the possibilities of its commercial use
PERIODICAL: Tsvetnyye metally, no.3, 1962, 56-61
TEXT; The aim of the present work was to establish the optimum
conditions for preparing aluminium nitride powder. The initial
materials were aluminium powder nA -4 (PA-4) with particle size
0.1 to 0.25 mm, aluminium powder YJAK-4 (PAK-4) with particle
size less than 0.042 mm, purified nitrogen containing a trace of
oxygen, and ammonia. The apparatus, described in detail
previously, enabled material to be nitrided by passing nitrogen
over a boat containing the material. Experiments at 700 t0.1200 Oc
showed that after up to 240 minutes, nickel and zirconium borlde
did not react with the powders of aluminium nitride. The boats
were therefore made from these materials. The rate of heating
has to be low enough to prevent fusion of the aluminium because,
if fusion occurs, the surface area of the reaction is decreased
and the aluminium is more likely to react with the material of the
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S/136/62/Ooo/oo3/003/008
Technology for preparation E021/E435
boat. The optimum rate of heating without fusion taking place
was found to be 6 to 7 OC/min for the 0.1 to 0.25 min powder and
10OC/tnin or lower for the 0.042 min powder. The optimum conditions
for nitriding were found by a series of experiments in a current of
nitrogen for 15 to 2110 minutes and in a current of -ammonia for
2 hours at 500 to 12000C. ' The results showed that there is
relatively full nitriding of the finer powder at 7000C but the
coarser powder requires a temperature of 1160 to 1200*C. From
the results the following scheme for production of aluminium
nitride was put forward.. PAK-4 powder is nitrided at 8000C for
1 hour with a rate of increase of temperature up to 8000C of 10OC/
min. The prepared product is thoroughly mixed and a repeated
nitriding is carried out at 12000C for 30 to 60 minutes (with a
temperature increase of WC/min). This gives a powder of
accurate stoichiometric composition. A commercial powder with
about 33% nitrogen content can be prepared by a single nItridIng
process at 12000C (with rate of temperature increase 10OC/min).
Components of aluminium nitride with 12 to 16% porosity can be
prepared by sintering, after pressing, nitride powder or nitride
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S/136/62/000/003/003/oo8
Technology for preparation ... E021/E435
powder containing 5 to 10"1101 aluminium powder in nitrogen at 1800
to 20000C. Components with zero porosity can be prepared by hot
pressing the nitride powder at 2000 to 21000C.
There are 5 tables.
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h'zi//-rl-2'o~A2/000/004/001/012
1003/1240
AU2,H01ij: "''vov, j.ii., -tjLichciAw, V.F., ana Samsonov, G.V.
TITLE: Tat: influencu of iion-w--tal atoms on tho 'electric properties of
refractory coL-pounds of transition metals
Pi~idODIGAL: Poroshkovaya Letallurgiya, no-4 (10), 1962, 3-10
Refractory co~pouna:s of Group IV-Vl transition metals are becoming
L,oro wiaely uzed in Liouern indu*try. The authors investigated the Hall effect,
eldetric resistivity aW their ;Lolelectric properties of the borides,earbides, and
Utrides of the above L-xtals at various compositions*and of their mutual solid
.rtiez change regularly, probably as a result of a.
solutious. The electric propv
chwige in the electrun-affinity of the d-subahells of the metal atoms and the
io::izii2g potatitial of the uou-iiutal iuns. There are 4 figures and 2 tables.
A~;;~OCIATiw~ 10iersonskiy gosudarstvanay y pedagogichaskiy institut im. N.K. Krup-
skoy i InaiLitut watallokera;:.ild i. upetsiallikyk1i splavov W USiR (Ile Mierson
Government PedaGogical Institutu im. It.K. 4rupskaya and the Institute of Netal
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The influence of ion-Lictal at=3...
Ceramics and Special Alloys, AS UkrJziii)
SUI-dWILD: Jaxtiuary 15, 19062
Ca-ra 2/2
S12261621000100410011012
1003/1240