SCIENTIFIC ABSTRACT RYSKO, S.YA. - RYSS, D.S.

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: Scientific Abstracts
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP86-00513R001446510008-2
• Release Decision: RIF
• Original Classification: S
• Document Page Count: 100
• Document Creation Date: November 2, 2016
• Document Release Date: September 26, 2002
• Sequence Number: 8
• Publication Date: December 31, 1967
• Content Type: SCIENTIFIC ABSTRACT

.14(l) PHASE IBOOK EXPLOITATION SOV /1156
Ryss, Abram Grigorlyevich*v Engineer
_ffa-S~n sitturbovozdukhoduvki (The Turbo-blower Operator) Moscow
Metallurgizdat, 1957., 283 P 4,500 copies printed
:Ed.: Indenbaum, V.S., Engineer; Ed. of Publishing House: Vagin, A..A.;
Tech. Ed.: Islentlyeva~ P.G.
:PURPOSE.: This book Is Intended for industriallengineering students",
specializing in turbo-blower operation.and for independent'study~~-
of turbo-blower servicing problems.
COVERAGE: 'The book presents basic problems in the operation.of turbo-
blowers-and auxiliary equipment and discusses measures for pre7,~
venting abnormalities during operation. In order.to explain the,
operating principles of steam-turbines, air-blo,wers,and auxiliary
equipment, basic information on physics mechanics and engineer-.''.
Ing thermodynamics are presented. The bookwas written.in accord-~
ancIewith the program.of an..industrial-engineering,course for
students specializing in turbo-blower operation. No personalities
Card'1/13

The-Turbo-blower Operator SOV/1156
7. Vaporization and.condensation. Heat of vaporization and
condensation
8. Melting and solidification. Heat of'fusion . .17
9. Heat transfer. iThermal conductivity. Heat conductors
and insulators. Convection and radiation
10. Pressure. and its units of measurement. Barometric,
absolute and gage pressures. Rarefacti luum
on., or vac
21
Ch. I I. Elements of Mechanics 25
1. Mechanical motion and.its relativity 25,
2. . Path, time and.speed .25
3. Rectilinear and.curvilinear motion. Uniform rectilinear
motion. Velocity of uniform motion. Unit of velocity 26
4. Nonuniform motion. Acceleration. Unit.of acceleration 2T
,"
5. -Law of inertia: .
291

6.
Force ,
30.~
7. couple. Moment of a force 33,
8. Mechanicalzwork 34
9.. Power. Unit of power
10. Energy, types of energy. Law of conservation and
...transformation of,energy 38
Card 3/13,

The Turbo-blower Operator SOV/1156
11. Thermal equivalent of work and mechanical equivalent
of heat .39
12. Rotary motion. Number of revolutions 40
*
13. Linear and.angular velocity. Circumferential velocity 40
14. Centrifugal and centripetal forces 42
15 Friction. Types of.friction. Importanc-e-of friction
in engineering
16. Efficiency, 43
Ch. I II. Basic Info-mation on Engineering Thermodynamics. 44
1.
Quantities,
Problems of thermodynamics. Gas and vapor.
determining the state of gases and.vapors (parameters) 44
2. Boyle-Mar iotte's law. Gay-Lussacls l pLw. Combined..
Boyle-Marriotte and.Gay-Lussac's law LBoyle-Charles Law]
Concept of gas,constant,and its determination on the
basis of gas density., Van der Waal's equation 45
3. Gaseous mixtures. Dalton's law 4V
~4. Changes of gas state:, constant.pressure; constant
volume, adiabatic, isothermal, and polytropic,prooess.es 49~
5. Graphic representation ofthemodynamic proces!3eB.by a
v -p diagram.~ Graphic representation of work input or
output bya p-v diagram 53

The Turbo-blower Operator SO-V'r/1156
6. Graphic representation of thermodynamic process by T-s, and
s-h diagrams. Thermal efficiency for.vapor 57
Steam: dry,, saturated wet and superheated 6o.
~8. Enthalpy (heat contentl of a vapor. Steam tables 62
9. Dry air. Absolute and relative humidities. Moisture
content. Psychrometer and its use for determining
humidity
10. Graphic, representation of thermal work processes of
steam by h-s and s-T diagrams. Relative internal effi-
ciency of an installation. 70
11. First and second laws of thermodynamics 74~
12. Closed cycles--Carnot,-Rankine. Regenerative cycle.
Extraction of steam for heating and other purposes as a
method of increasing the efficiency,of an installation 76
Ch. IV. ~Principles of Operation of the Steam Turbine, 82,
-o
Conversion.of steam energy in a steam turbine int
kinetic energy and from kinetic energy into,mechanical
'work. Discharge of steam through an opening under.a
small pressure difference. Critical speed and 61ritical
ressure ratio 82

Card
5 /
13

The Turbo-blower Operator /1156
2. Principleof operation of impulse turb nes; velocity
and
stages,~pressure~,Stages., Cylindrio-al tnon-expanding]
,nozzles.
.Comparison
of velocity-stage and
convergent
,
,
l
.
pressure-stage turbines. 'Combination impulseturbines
.3. Principles of operation'of the reaction -turbine. Degree
of reaction. Impulse-reaction turbines 88.
Ch. V. Construction of a Steam Turbine 91
1. Classification of steam turbines, Basic~types f
turbines used,for driving "Gurbe-blowers
2. Brief iriformation on' the design of basic turbine parts:
frame., cylinder,.nozzles, guide blades, packings,
bearings, rotwor 91
3. Regulating systems and diag:-:,ams,.' thrDttle, nozzle, and.,
combination (nozzle andby-pass),regulations i12.
4. Automatic safety device and out-off valve ~ 118

Ch. VI. tems
Turbine Oil Sysk,
121
~1.
:
Purpose of the oil system
121
2. Diagram of the oil system 121
~
3. Oil tank 123
4- Main oil pump 125,
c ard 6/ 13

--- -- - --------
The Turbo-blower.Operator SOV/1156
5. Auxiliary turbine oil pump 125.
6. Oil coolers 128
7 Pressure reducing..valve 131
8: Device for automatic starting of the oil pumps
(Steam-oil regulator) 134
Ch. VII Condensing System of.Steam Turbines
135
1. depose of condensing systems
35'-
I
2. Condensor constructions 136
3. Circulating and conde sate pump coystructions ~
f 137
4. Air removing devices air.ejectors.
5. Control of operation of.condensing.systems. Cooling.
Water consumption and specific waV er rate. Temperature

head [mean temperature difference] ,
c;tnd'its determinatione
Checking the alr-tightness of the system 1451.

6.
Clogging up of.condensor tubes and measures for prevent- ::
ing,it. Methods,of cleaning condensors 148-1
7. Overcooling of a condensate 151~
Ch. VI II. Heat Flow sDiagram for Turbo-blower Installations 152,
1. Heat flow diagram for a turbine without intermediate
' steam extraction 152

("'n
ni 7
/1 '.Z ,

The Turbo-blower Operator SOV/1156.
.2. Heat flow diagram for a turbin
e.with regenerative feed
heating 156:,~
Ch. IX. Principles of OPeration and Constructionof Centrifugal
Air Blowers
157
1. General-information on the types of air blowers 157
2. Principle of operation of centrifugal air blowers.
Principle of air flow along the blades-of centrifugal
air blowers
157
3. Circumf erential.- relative,'and absolutevelocities.
Total head developed in the rotor. Theoretical power
of air blowers .161
4. Actual work of gas compression in.a noncooled airblower.
Adiabatic and polytropic efficiences. Possibilities
of
.
reducing the work of compression, 163
_
5. Shapes of rotor blades. 1
165
6. Construction of the principal parts.of an air blower: .
impeller, shaft, labyrinth Packing., bearings.. casing..
stationary and movable guide'Vanes, unloading piston
clutch. Gate turn-valve. Check valve and main air-gate
valve. Viscin filters
166~
7. Brief description of the new NZL series of air blowers 171
,Card 8/ 13

'The Turbo-blower Operator SOV/1156
Ch. X. Characteristics oflAir Blowers Working on a System, .173
1 . Theoretical and actual characteristics of air blowers 173
2 Pulsation.'point on a characteristics curve 173
3: Change of.air-blower characteristics under various
suction conditions ~176
4. Characteristics of asystem. Air blowers.,working on a
system. Air blowers with*variable characteristics working
on a system 178
5. Possible methods of regulation.. Comparison of the,
efficiency of Various methods of regulation 179
6.~ Automatization of air-blower regulation.- Principles of
operation-of regulators: constant pressure, constant
capacity and anti-pulsation. Description of.automatic.
regulating system of types AKir-14,- AKir-9, AKv--6, and
AKir-4 air blowers 181
7. Effect of the air ducts. Reduction of limiting [Mimimuml
capacity and.pressure due to the increase of resistance
in suction and discharge. Power losses due to duct
resistance.: Improvement of air ducts 188
Card 9/13

The Turbo-blower Operator SOV/1156
1. ~Equipping air blowers.with instruments for measurement and
trol
con 213
2. Automatic safety devices and checking them 215,~

3. ontrol and.measurIng Instruments
Data on c 217.
4. Light and sound systems of signaling between blast
furnace and air blower. Telephone communication 223
Ch. X IV. Servicing Turbo-blowers Operat-'bg UnderNormal Cmditions 225
1 Inspection of .the air-blower at the change of a shift 225
2: Preparation.and starting a turbo-blower 228.
3 Receiving and redistributing the load to air-blowers ~235
4. Servicing turbo-blowers operating under normal condLtlaug 238
5. Stopping a turbo-blower under normal conditions
Ch. XV. Operation ofthe Turbo-blower Under Conditions Deviating,
From Normal 24
3.1.:
1. Effect of steam quality on turbine.performance: salt
content and moisture of.steam. Standard5for salt content.
Measures for preventing salt deposits and checking the
salt content of steam. Washing turbine blades during
eration 243
Card. 11713

'The Turbo-blower Operator SOV/115
2. Effect of abnormal parameters of.fresh and exhaust steam
on the reliability of turbine operation 246
3. Time interval between thestopping and restarting of a
machine 248'.
4. Effect 6f oil quality on.turbo-blower performance.
Brands of oils-used., Checking oil-quallty'duiing the
operation 249,1 .1
Ch. XVI. Abnormalities in the Operation~of.Turbo-blowers..
Determining the Causes'of Abnormalities and Measures
for Eliminating Them 253
1. Vacuum drop in -the condenser 254
2. Rise in oil.temperature in any of.the bearings 255
3. Drop in oil level in the tank 255
4. Abnormal noise or turbine.vibrations, not previously
noticed 256.1
5. Jamming of control valves or disconnection of regulating
levers 256.1
6. Discovering small axial displacement of. the turbine rVtor 257
7. Emergency stopping of turbo,-blowers 2571'.11.
Card 12/13

s/ogi/60/000/02/0,1/002
On Checking the Quality,of Welding When Assembling'. Power Equipment.
tests ~of resilience and angle of,creasing reveal':the plast ie p roper,
ties of the welded-on metal,in a most spectacul
ar way. Metallographic
tests,,call
for a more skilled personnel and.,are labor-consuming.. Ra-..
diographic examinations should be"rejected.
:They can rev 'eal a defect,
only if it is larger th w ich:'
an'5% of the thickness of pipe,. h occurs,
wery seldom, whereas cracks remain undetected. The best means,-6f,check-
ing the quality of,zwelded joints in perlite pipelines,is:.thelultrasound--
defectoscopy. .*Not less' than 50 of all welded joints in lite'
per pipe
lines having walls no.t.less than 15 mm thick and 133 mm in_diameter,,
should be checked by this method, as-required by the "Instruction on
Electric Are Welding of Carbonic and Low-Alloyed Steel-pip6s~!lana ap-
proved by the TU,MES:of July 319 1958-: With respect.to mosi'important
super-high-pressure steam pipes.,theultrasound defectoscopy -should be
;Radiographic inspection of weld
applied to at least..80%,of such pipes.
joints:may.be used asan~auxiliary means only. The above considerations
:apply also Ito.checking high-pressure feed mains,and cold boilers. I 11y-
draulic testing of:boilers.should have a limited.purpose, viz.lto.detect
occasional, flaws An weld seams, the presenc_e,.of honeycombs and 6thersim-

6670-
U~-CE
ACC NR: AP6029861 q6b~- u~/66~6/66/obo/oo�/66.61*/667o
AUTHOR: Fiyss A. G. (Engineer); Ozeran, T. I. (Engineer)
ORG:: VOF VTI
TITLE: Selecting the pressure and type of drive for booster,feed pumps
SOURCE: Teploenergetika, no. 9, 1966, 67-70
TOPIC TAGS: turbodrive design, booster pump) booster pump drive, steam turbine,~
steam boiler, pump, turbine- engine
ABSTRACT: Tie L=mse in steam productivity ard operating pressizes. of boilers has led-toaneed for i:
dr"
more poverful feed pump drives and.ways of increasing the efficiency of these ives.J.
This stu(~y deals with the problem of improving' the efficiency of feed pump: drives I and!,
the selection of pressure-for booster pumps.. Both steam turbodriv -es, and,electrodtives
were investigated. The tests were conducted with K-300-240, and K- 0 -246.turbines-
5 0
at 3000- 5000 rjam. The following conclusions were made: 1) Takln'g:into account~;the
siglificant pressure. losses in the steam supply lines leadingto and from the ttirbo-
erature drop of the working steam used in the t
drive of the feed pump, the temp urbo
drive is lower than in the corre 24o!
spon'ding stages of the main turbine (7%:in,the,K-500-
and 20% in K-300-24o). 2),In turbines,with supercriticalsteam pressures, I is
necessary to use hi0i,-rpm. feed pumps with a preconnected booster pump. 3) Since.
booster -pumps have no reduction gears and the hydraulic couplings.and-thus no:losses I

L'i. 10695 66
A 003?~2.
CC NRr AP6 SOURCE CODE: ur
AUTHOR Ryss, A~ G. (El ngineer T 0~n ,e-e-r
-ORG:
t6rs ~-f
-ini eazn:; parame
election o ial, st bi hi ower-,
SOURCE:~ Elektricheski 'stantSii- no., 6 -8;13
ye,
-3
u'-;d
series-, ce
d
~io uc ionj4power-kpx
i'~~hb

28(5) SOV/32-25-8-35/44~
AUTHOR;
A. G.
Hyss,
-----------
-TITLE: On the Determination of..the,, Cross-sections of."Plane" Samples
Cut out of.Tubes With Small Diameters
PERIODICAL; Zavodskaya laboratoriya, 1959, Vol 25, Nr,6, PV1004-1905 (USSR).,:
ABSTRAM, At the mechanical testing.of tube-metals for pipelines in.steam,.
boilers or heat.l.exchangers it.is,usual not to-subject'tube sec-

tions, but~flat samples 15-20 mm,wide.to a,tensile:t at. This
e
method causes difficulties in the determination of:the surface
of thecross section of the destroyed sample (Fig i) and the
error increase.s.with the.w
idth
the-sample and.:the,decrease
,of
.
.
,
of,the. tube-diameter. This.error AF can'be determ*ne
1 d by.means

of diagrams.:(Pi 2 ab) and must be taken into consideration
9
in the determination,of the cross section.~ There are 2 figures.,
Card 1

AUTHOR: Ryss, A.G.) En2;ineer. 96-4-22/24
TITLE: A Rie-thod of increasing t1le efficiency of reduction-cooling
installations. (Ob odnoy vozm6zhnosti povysheniya
ekonon-ichnosti reduhtsionno-okhladi-uel'ny-kh ustanovok).
PERIODICAL: Teploenergetilca, 10,58, No.4, p -.93. (USSR).
ABSTRACT: In many power stations.i.t is necessary, for various.
reasons, to throttle,and cool live steam This is, of
course 7 wasteful and every attempt shoula be made to
increase the efficiency of reducing and c.ooling,installations.
One method is to cool the steam by.feed-water from the.'.~ I
high-pressure heaters ~nstead.of using feed-wate,r at a
temperature of 102-104 C.from the feed ptimps. Calculations
are Given which show the considerable economy that can
result from this measure. In aparticularcase the
consumption of live steam was reduced by 1%, and in-ano,ther
case by 4yo.
There is 1 table.
AVAIL10,LE - Library of.Congress,
Card 1/1

(Condensers (Steam))

__,The~'~O nition -of-'--,
lepa
a:k~d: 2/2

IQJC-11/135-50-7-1
0/15,
AUTHORS: .
~Os, A.!I%~ Ryss 71 A Pngineers
Gellman, A.Q; bocta,:F of Technical Sciences.-P
rofessor
'7abanov, Candidate of TechnicF,l '-ciences
TITLE,~ Resista--ace "Welding in !~-teel Sheet Production
P-RIODTCAT.

q
'-3 ar-,) c oy e prcivrodstvo. i959
i-Rr
pp 34"-
-
,,
A'R S T F A 0 T z TI-Ie e x. T) e r e I I C e i.r. introducing -resistance. butt ,v C 1 -
ding at metallurgical i)lants !zhowed t.-ha. t resistance

a i n e, may proauce an
essen-AP-1 engineering and
econoTric ef fect, esnecially? ~r.-7hen together with a well',

ad us te d b at, Id-L ig machine s-om-
t q r other higher're-,
ouirements of -11-11e rietil s'rin aremell-, Tiie equipinent`,...,
"Icveloped and, t-he t-;--chnology of butut-,iveldiing of. strips
.
i,:;, as tested un-der d"fic-all work cond4tions.ol
-L-L
e t a inal plants, is a means for increasing tile
croductivi ty of mach-iner- f or cold-rolling, of 'shee ts
Th-s process-must find wide-spread appl-LcauJon in.new

rollini~'-Mill shops be const-ucted in Pc--,
hi-ch are t c

ard, bii U
ordance '-he Seven-Year-Pla, Tn table 1 t-e

aut!,~ors Dresent basic data. of T s!71 but" vielding,.~-
kA (I L'

S 0, V/1 3 55, 0 7-10/15
R e s i s, euneWelding, in Steel Sheet Production
machines,, Such equipment was developed by,TST
,~99h:
durina- the T-t years and was installed at the.plants
__e -37, 117,aporozhstal I
PTagnitogorskiy met 1-
a
lurL,-Icheskiy kombinat (?.Tagn-*Ltogorsk Petallurgical
ComJbine) Fig. 2 sh.ows a welding machine 1700 'built
by RZT1,!, used for welding steel strips. in ~a rolling
mill, vihereby such processes as pickling
etc, may be performed continously. in 't-able 2.the
autnol
-s present data for welding low carbon steel
strips'at welding machines 1600 and 1700. Ther are 2
photo-faphs, 9 diagrams, 2 tables and 1 raph.
9
ASSOCIATTON- T sN I TVIAS h
Card 2/2

4-1mmz IT it U Is M IS . I W-W-W-- 4

C &I U21 Jim snail

L
MCC go CL 0 4iij,,nfo
0
0
0
-A
1-oo

00
-00

At t' of V. S, VA I LoV MdD 1.
by sedien 11 -
-The ratt of the reaction:
=43(111CM
R
k
S
) 3
U
S -60
tt
o .
.
.
.
.
m. (
,
J. I lp~ifj C
SiNs) at 275' 6 0 411, 350 -1.11; 41W-4S: 47W-1. it 4, (1 Na
Nii
O
: i
Aa
culits,45.KI%N&.,$iVowwiom;t~~'toO2.2%N"Foin3t"ihn- Therractitmulight
o1 1w otill" for lmrifying llF-SF4 mintst. by %Wng vrty fine NaF crystith to inctraw thr
-00
0 rateof the tractkm or by using highly active NmP
go I! V. KALgCiIPV%VV ROO
00

00
coo
of go
00 0
0
Zoo

00
I woo

ti 0 0

S L-ETA
LURW
L
T
L
CA
LI
ExaTtIRE CLASSIFICATICh
7
1:300
woo
a., C.f
u 11 AT No r--q-vI
TN
a- Pt a It it a
. aad0 INI AD 0 .1 1
.1
o
0 0 0 0 0 0 0~0 0 a 0 a 0 0 0 0 0 0 41 0
0 0 01: 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 o 0 o o
foo*o 0ioooo0q0%~ooooq0,o0 00;i of 004 0
09
0 :
k 0
0 0

0 h, it it 14 Is i. fill .1 1. m m ti s o
A r a LI 11 -L-11--& ---21-1~ E-1., 0 0 r Q I-, I I v AA Do Lf W if I
$ -c

00 00

06 The trandamation of stsdium chrottsate Isto-dkittrowAte by the "dam of ~Ydrss_
fluctic add. 1. G. Ruiss &_u_d_S. S. Wov. J. Chm. Ind. 1933. No. 4.
'
~
-
00

0 9 U - 'Si CU
,i
t4v, Voin At. arr trrated with IIF. Ifte fmm if Vs. to n C
coin
53 7-No,CrOZ
-
1
A
N
f
hi
F
d
,
0
s ll"
ter wss,%
&
PPL,,. sol
. a
ult
4CI, w
.~f mills, a Cougm- rimil popirt fiot mmlisrst in 1 .
0

49 1_3, J~ lj~jj f,W 'lltirf %,&.
it It 011d . Cr,(N rrmain- its Ow .4o. mud it

00
'40s by rvanst. lit t1%
i% liblishird mitird with mlitse N*,i l, -Ill. It. %I. Ixu"t"

.3

0 0

0 0
U

s i L -1 T.Ltt,-~K.L "T"Aft.-It CL.%1kWKlll10.
jd_
-J. 7
u to to .i- It.
+

An I
a I W 94 1 13
$1 It (y it 9 It 19 ct It 1-9 ft
11 Ol
,
o f

4_~~ 0 0 0 -00 0 0 -,i--0 -0 _04F
a I j 4 1 1 1 $ 30 a X V a " , I, _jj
e3 m *-CC W_tzi t__ t A__j -A- "S A
,L &_ C , t P r, N 9 L A-9 1- 1. ... It.
00 A
,.00
lei. P-Af
so 210-17)(1104).-Tht
q
00 a is d-nibM. Tlwrmal ammipol
reactiom 211101 of). - 2AT#.CrM + I-00.. 'ibilo.,
CTA Is H, voc a at W Milk
p"n
hr IWO- - C-101.4W" + 'a
hmt Of
is 73,37,11 cal. Urr jjjjA. tj tN. C. A.
0 ago
see ~10-0002--
!zoo
tsoo
I L A tTALLLP.CKAL: Utf, fcL&sSt$11CAT1C%
40 0
P, P I? I I M 14,
00 0 c0
0 0 6.6
*go o w
of A 0 0 * 0 : : V: je a a 6 9
0 so : 0

. W . - -
9
1 A I I I, to It It 11141311 Ills tfatt v a u n a v v I]
1
A
Is 9 Z L It I a I
.
t
. ~
*Jvj
Aa~* -P '
-OCR

Mrs.
-S.a.ndima of by"- ad4 frol
00 U, Mist V. S. vistlov. ku*%. 36;'
i
mbe Maoist, Of IfF Irons flumiridt" by
May 31.
11tram, of 11'so., the gas Cubit' coats. SF, unit M. kIMMW11
IfF, at MIA to to Shmsch the StF6.
AV" Sa

00 see
40 At
0 is roe
Do
00 00
so

00 coo
W
o
two*
00- see
44 two*
040
I Doe
fjmt:-.;'v
too
U Ti A- -q') it I s a rm a a 8 0 1 S,
0 IF 11 It OF it K 'T OF of It t[ Itx 0 4 1 !W4
0 9 0 0 0 0 9 9 0 9 0 0 * 0 9 0 0 0 * 0 # 60 q 000 Lo 0 e 0_0
0 so & 0 0 A to * 41is 041 0-* 0 0-0-04- -0 -o 0 O'S,

T -4-11-TeivT1 a ay
U

K L
1M
I it A1.0 IND Gavist

a c-

go COPMS row or Um MORM IM OMMUS Hr NFAIG Or KMO&
FLOMIC ACM. 110 S.S ArlAyi ~ (j on. v JIUM18*0 29330
-
,
:
116
0
on
treatment wLth 1W cc with
A
;J
37-
JW rie"li lb* a A W vbi*h ean, aftw rsduotl=
1
-
P
2

*0 , 13
5-
washing, and addition of dinitropbsnol,
lb *=tent to
of, its 67
4 I
be used for bqregmtIon.of wood. The materials used should haw* roo

low Al and 31 contentse &,To lose
coo
40

woo

woo,

AL L TKNATWA CL"WICATM
METALL bee
1881W.
live" 11
: map sow
INDU R
4110
V 0 WWO V~ 00 0 0 0 Is 0

~ w 0 0 * * 0 0 0 0 * 0 0 0 0 0 4 * o 0 * *is 4, S, 4 0 , -
I I 1 4 0 4 1 1 1 is ;I t., 1) til IS It (? Is It X , na a -ld A .4V )c 11 17 tr 14 is It v
A 1 -f-C i, A L --m -A-Jr-QAt1 1- -1d. J ~L' A.. 7 Z ~ Mpe IX tc- U 4 -1 a
of oo&um floodbm* bm hydro-
qft w .4. *ww- I roe
_r Chm. Ind. (Mawow) 19M, No. 3. 4".~_T
-5 so
IIF is filtemd thrm4b qu-S Wd I -m- In
Th~ wid givrx a quftnt. Yiekt Of HAF-- TbE WtCT. DOt
dild. is tres td with a 10,70 excml of a Satd. NACI
t
-which ppts.. neadw pure No-qF.. H. M. Lek-estI,
SAO
W67
%s0.
Al-SLA UTEN&URE CL
Allt -1 Or 147 11 4 1
u % IV N) IS~gr It it 11 Sp (0 It Of it IT 91 tt tt ft it 1-1 2, , "L.3
9 ,* 0 0 IF 0 f 0
is G, * 0 0, S, 04 0 0 'D q ii

0 o 0 : o 0 0
it u Ip to If k f 11 Vn Is A Is P 16 It' 'a it u 11 w 0 " 11 If it 41 4T fit 11

Al A s I If T AI 1 14 (A IV it 1 4 1
l"Llik. JLIa it

)Uptd volumetric detcrutinstion I *Mublo rluoM*s
i
l(tu- alld 1'. 0,8111,11.1VA.
ll"Inq-k-svu 4.
,
Tit
jcf. I
.: 't IJ.

00 Ikeffill- of Ilk, fe. Ilou .4 IIV
ka SI F. 141.111 Ille. klit.Oit.hIr coh.
.4 Ifiv molivi sea OMICAIM. lit ill., l.Fkj.kfkrd -00

: I, M'11,11101~d Im file A- itulicAtuts. Air q-1
,

0 Ille C.1,141 VQ" Of 1P.1 % Air
Uqfl~., of dIfjtrjlj% I
.1111.,w "kill liliellitlesw l4ur 11) and ifirthl 4wallar .1111
0411 ""IlIvIk'Ir Wile 11W The- 1111u.1 indoem'", air
0 L;
0 I., NF. mill InAlke J-ildv lit, IIIINIS.-Il with,hif ilk,
-ity Of 11111S. 111. IAMI Uktll KCI ^fill Ale , hl j
to -qwd. *&1111. M A dki0fide Add A 2,V; 0%11?" Of Zile
firlittillurcl taxinst I or It in,fical'ir. tit I
file usi~t. 0-1.5 N 11cl I., a l.rijtllt VIOICI vid"T of
file
.
-l- Aml Ilivil'-, it, XCI f"reuch file -1.1~
*

00 'flit- mall. With %
101t to .6 girris 41jimmt I Alld I,v a
k9lErtl AICAIII%t 11, The AtIttfileY Of IlW drin. Ill 41.2 K. --f
If--- 1j.hCk,
Ch", 1;1.4tw

3 was

so Joe

Go

so, f ilk ILilk -1

4
7 too

~ if
L3 A I 7L.
go 0 0 0 0
0 r

0

~ 0
: 0 0
0 0 0:0 0is o wo 0 0
0 0
40 0 0 a 00 0 0
o ,
o 09 0 0

a v a x it -jr
II I A A Y I to to U I) U t$ a to ts to a I a'
~aoooo
A.
~Comlotor. fluiroeldoo., drolysis oaf The fluomilicate .00
J! .9,nd Nw P. AiuA. Cjmjv, j. ,,d
S. S.
fl, 3(), (till I I.:- &Ans. of, Vat.*. .t,j. with ~jO, ;uld'
go were. uguir up in pkrAfrjUcd mntAule, Kh lov 4*0
-4 Ihv ",liol4and by lite p4rtiA, hyll '1644.V4,'-
1:04
00 j Siv.. The P11 of Chew %)[113. Wat'Ichl. lly t v It
a perhAl of dayi (up to X-)) until it 1,-Aone~ coo
00 roe I
Tht Pn al W* for 2 -woln. contg. 0.10)4X MOIS.:NAI: pr kg
1104 wu* 7,37; hot 0-4524 moolc (L[m). and ht
coo,
Moli, 6.40, Frian thm valurq'alul the known value.,
d the WC60111-* Of the 16-Ar"S i0ol, CIC.. tile IlYdrUI)-,i%
Sil:.--- 41 3W sx, found to b! 1.2 X Ito
is, mvm).
~.-hn E. Milioery
41
If
.0.0
0 04, oge CtAstwoc-Tick
.$-it& WALLUOrKAL Uttil't
V Im 5 As a 3, 4
U % AV 03 JU
." " to m Pot It 0
ITO 0 : :
000 0 0 00 so. 00 0 0 of 0 0 So
so 0 of 010 0 9 so* 0 0 a a go 0
to so 0 0 00 00 0 -

vv Is Its OF Its Its w a v v 9 a
41,
AAs . f A A a .' it
Aa aL -f Al A-4LL
so
00 -A
ck-111
00
a
00
00 .3:1-,
00
4,0
0
(00
V L
LATE
CA a AV -D Or
000004::
11 as ago !0,41-9--we Of-9-9,41 000 9 1 a00 00 r0 a;-
9
41. Itis to 7'.
11 11 9 n re
A
ItI ti
00
-00
-00
The Isfissmammebility nt pyTites and flatition talling-k
: J
1.
ku
T v.
G
Zhuravi"m tuld V. X, Sis%hsv 00,
.
,
l!,,
~
.
,
, j.
- W) 12. !"41 If -00
pvrif~. iq.1141*~
Ilatti.-Ir sim. - rh~ prr-n- ..I qw,fi Im. Intle 0,~ t ....
thk valtw hut rnhm with day rm.. it- Vari'm*
-4 natuml pvritr% An.1 11"fali"It Iflik, .11~.w uniti.-I)
tem"Is. 'll It. w,

1 00
'

X0 0
'coo
ZOO

Poo
=400

.
.
.
. ..... .
.
I d I
A of 9 K It IT It. Q9
i0
n
00000000 0
a
r 00,
0
00000000000;0000
1 000~000660990

001

a & 0 0 0 a 0 0 6 4
03~1 I Isle Is 9IIIIIII)MISIGII
a it I r 0 A A
A 9 JI
k
s
1 as it 11 u m u 11 is
AA 11111
cv
cc
1
LLIAL
k W 81 CEO
I
' '
-
--
' l -A
-.2
-
_t ~
_
7
;
Is"Isits ..0 I.e.. !."#S

The d gywftft~& 111111"ed 1. G. Rules.
-
'
T
h

4 . G. Z
uravieva and
b. N. Su"k1V. J. C"
led.
2 ting cm&tk= of a H
opera q d2fi
so
Ak.) there i
er of _*O
so IF e
,
x
cxPlasim of air-pyrite inixts.. especially in the burning
aven,and precautioto sintilar (a thtric alswrycd with
i~wd. cmf -thould be taken. %I. Lek-emer,

66
1 =00
00 0
00 j
00
Of a -0e
00 S

see
0o
z

zoo
too
t-.1 ASM.ILA BETALLUINGICAL L ITINATLARE CLASSIFKATICH boo

s 7
too
%4no.o -, i . . 19.1c.4 .&. a-- a
-__
_
_
_'
_ ra a.. I.%j
0
; '
'
-
, , I 1
Is -.
I , p ~ ' ;
A,
,
1
IF up K Is it, R 51 pr It ZA 4 0 1. W, Is .3'" 13
. 1
~o 3 1 T
0
o
0
0 *000.00000*000
8
ST1 0
04 000000600000004 ~0.0
'
o
0 0 0 e 0 j*OOOOO O~roOOOO~OOO O1
@ 0 go Oro$ 00000 000
4
1 0
Wp

000000 DO'S, 000
: : : : : : 0 0 0 0 0 :!:,: 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 010 a 0 0 0 01..,
00000000000000000001000000"F.

icup
U
C 1) 0 po s I

'r C, AT a n 0
$1 (31. AT a n
0

0 I-D &#Ill. V~Dlw$

04- WIS-OST

0 olz
4,
0

009;
it 00
jr 00
ear 00
663
00
00=
a*
a*--
i r *a
0
roe
: ir
0 so
oo- -~p -A;lxius Jim Oqj j0 WiUaA
!wnldxj Jql
00
a- go

q.. uu)jj 2rulaunj bin.
-*A J41
00-
.1slipAdtatuspio uvqj dui-ii uusqu3ijj&ojwaavqv2t!jAd

0
qan,
XU!p3i3jd -13 -(S;V6j)Wq 'ZI (Akt-jlj)
o

o
.'FRI IMON.) 'f 'AUlLng ')q -U PUN NA31AIUnqZ -0 -JL twinn
::,
rto

0 s.)o.6 d.1 j r 00

,
v I I I! n w M of vv I -- T -4-1 A I 1-1 5 j w v
0 2~ it (t is M x it 9 K 11 a 11 41
9
91 3
t I
Of tl
o
1
6
a
A I
1 T
t
o
t It
f 11
1
1 1
, it
9 U tf It 1
1
-
0 0 a 0 - 0 a a 0 ~q ---# - ~ P I I 0 9
t
1
1
o
- , i . a
I

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

fil

L,
&I it i1 If
m X) )I ii Ii )A 4 M 11 U AV
111,14,114 lit$
0 J1
tj A
A UP
L
L
_
-A-
- P Q A L.-
.6cofor'Is WI,
00
so
C00*2 floo"is. TM hydrolysis *I ffw-

'
'
'
mate IMS. IjOCUjima-and N. P. Bakinis C
" P
~,:
; i i

re". iscad. s
R
. R S
S.S
S.
IN
P S) 2 lir
(
1
. . . .1 . ,
93
i n
)
0 German).7-The hydrolysis of fluciborates f(4lows the equa-
6 tiqU;,"9-+ 3HO - HaBO, + 311' + 4F-., By detC.
srith a H clectrode-said. ca&omel electrode ccfl the p"-
00 8i7 _
~
of XF schn
of coact
9M'O Af KF
w
s
u
to O
td
th
.
i
.
a
.
t
.
p
.
KBF, and 114M. the equil. cmut., K - &I X a'*-/
' .00

ee
. ivaq found to be 2ZI X 11) ". With
:or.- X siton, at 18 s
quinhydrme ekctro& the Jim of a said. (OAT2% .11)
KBF. man.. was dctil. as 2,50, and for a OAKM M Kl1F#
p
:

se

so j: Thus far micidimetric titration of 11111
wiln. po, - 2.98.
1
thynial Woe 6 a suitable indicatm, but titratlim clinnift
00 j be canied out with ifil. soins., exprdally 11 not tatd. with

W
11
i
ht
K
I
roe
cm
.
.
c
r.
x
I
al

o0
z
,

041

I At i kip.k At Oft-At,-0, t% MWOC'110- t:00

'Wee

-::7 Joe

-y
K It it 11 cc
t x g
1 a Od 0 is 4
Anil.
i
If it it 41 9
o * 0 0
o
0
00999 9 0 0 0 6 0 of 0 0000 00 0 0
go
*000,9 0 t
:
00 0 so 6 0 0 0.0 0 0 0 0 0 0,04 of 90 so 0 0
0

- 0~4_
0 4 7 A P 10 11 V I) U 13 16 If I* )I il zo z 26 ff n 29 ma it vu At At is v So
" I, ! if 41 4; #1

u
L
It IF
0 1 1 . Po- rx M III itIIt I 'A a
.
4!%

%ftsdametirk dettermilmadems of Smiluble fluorides. 1.
G k -a stul N. 11. llakitte. laivbbatoIs Lib. 0. 1,11-7
'
Z7 0 C, A. A9. Amwittlipt lo pirlifullukry
tems USEF can be dr(d. ill tho live-witer.44 cmialitium"Ittr
uslimiles by oats. the salln. with NSSE.14116 Auld tittating with
CAM(h). Willi thr It.

00
;J0

00 a 9*0
00 4f

AlIg
dt i 3,

Tic.
S Ab 1, L A at TALLLPNGK AL LITE MATUPIE CLAVIAP IC 1 tie 0

'
f too

u 1% A, .6 --ill
1 ,41 -0

-
l 1i"i
'.
Ell it a Aff 1 0 IU 04 It ta' n AS 4 1 1 and,
6_
~

e 0

'
.0 0 a o
0 0 060 o
0
4
p
s o 0
: : : : : 140 0 01 : : 0 0 0 0,0 0.: 0 0
6
0 0 O's0 0 0::

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
03 Ito 1, 1: 11 1. 11 10 11 11 to :1 "__a 'M n A .17 is ?v W, It u F1] 14 n M 11 Is r 40 AT at ti id 41 no
A A C a L-1 a a S-1, u 'T I W
oil A -6--A I L L 0, M cc It 4 4 14 t
Laborattiq isvoistigetim of causes of Afts from opw-.
tefiolovas sombuillin in pyrite mises. 1. G. Ryss, ej at.
To ot c Timixytio Aftid. 1937, No. 9, 21-44. 'Waieltril'iff-M11C.-
tion of spontaneous beating, tenops. of ignition, and the
410
rate tif oxidat ion of pyrit" led Or otitificars low the (ollowitig
Its forguo"I to) the vall-t to( fit'-,; in tilin".
Acid mine water cva~ hydnilysi:& 4 ittine titidwit, which
i-m its kimitiric irrap. , rhi. h,,wt,-,vr'
ts 11"t
accoHilpanied by rise in teelp. uxualhul of I'vo,it". t-Ar-
Jivulmly bi the finely pulvrritril %late atid too lite In"emv
'-f rritsin sinall itsuits. of "I"isliltr. it, A"I.mi"Itairel toy A
re 0
rallid rise in W1111).; howevur. at &.4 not lo-a' to lite kill.
oiling ptint of pyrite because of grratIy.tkvrcw%r,I rate of
oxidal ion of ctry pyrite. If pyrite ditst L% placed in Luntact
0 0 with timber wuct,l hydrolyzed toy inhic water, lite licat ilc-
velaled by the oxiolation %of pyrile i4nit" lite vnvxl. and
100
to 0 1116 is fullo)well fly file iftnifluts to( lbyrilr.
Mitiom slid cittingu6ising of fit" in pyrair mitirno air dvo.
010
Dalld"IT
0 0 4r
1,019!,
;coo
~
zoo
a ni I L a .9 T At L Ul'GK At LITTIO 41 %,#f CL Allif K TIC%
Alto;
1.10.) Q- ;lot t "a-- 91,
oej'tjl~t
IT AV W3 L lit, 6 '-V --- 9
u p
19 it to I --
CR 44 a of Of u 'a to" a 4 a I W 111 11 a do :
n
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 .0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 41 1 ilk 0 to Soo 0 0 g 0 0 a 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 oi
0 0 0 0 i0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0, 0 0 0 :
0 0 0.0 0 0 0 0 0 0

.14(l) PHASE IBOOK EXPLOITATION SOV /1156
Ryss, Abram Grigorlyevich*v Engineer
_ffa-S~n sitturbovozdukhoduvki (The Turbo-blower Operator) Moscow
Metallurgizdat, 1957., 283 P 4,500 copies printed
:Ed.: Indenbaum, V.S., Engineer; Ed. of Publishing House: Vagin, A..A.;
Tech. Ed.: Islentlyeva~ P.G.
:PURPOSE.: This book Is Intended for industriallengineering students",
specializing in turbo-blower operation.and for independent'study~~-
of turbo-blower servicing problems.
COVERAGE: 'The book presents basic problems in the operation.of turbo-
blowers-and auxiliary equipment and discusses measures for pre7,~
venting abnormalities during operation. In order.to explain the,
operating principles of steam-turbines, air-blo,wers,and auxiliary
equipment, basic information on physics mechanics and engineer-.''.
Ing thermodynamics are presented. The bookwas written.in accord-~
ancIewith the program.of an..industrial-engineering,course for
students specializing in turbo-blower operation. No personalities
Card'1/13

The-Turbo-blower Operator SOV/1156
7. Vaporization and.condensation. Heat of vaporization and
condensation
8. Melting and solidification. Heat of'fusion . .17
9. Heat transfer. iThermal conductivity. Heat conductors
and insulators. Convection and radiation
10. Pressure. and its units of measurement. Barometric,
absolute and gage pressures. Rarefacti luum
on., or vac
21
Ch. I I. Elements of Mechanics 25
1. Mechanical motion and.its relativity 25,
2. . Path, time and.speed .25
3. Rectilinear and.curvilinear motion. Uniform rectilinear
motion. Velocity of uniform motion. Unit of velocity 26
4. Nonuniform motion. Acceleration. Unit.of acceleration 2T
,"
5. -Law of inertia: .
291

6.
Force ,
30.~
7. couple. Moment of a force 33,
8. Mechanicalzwork 34
9.. Power. Unit of power
10. Energy, types of energy. Law of conservation and
...transformation of,energy 38
Card 3/13,

The Turbo-blower Operator SOV/1156
11. Thermal equivalent of work and mechanical equivalent
of heat .39
12. Rotary motion. Number of revolutions 40
*
13. Linear and.angular velocity. Circumferential velocity 40
14. Centrifugal and centripetal forces 42
15 Friction. Types of.friction. Importanc-e-of friction
in engineering
16. Efficiency, 43
Ch. I II. Basic Info-mation on Engineering Thermodynamics. 44
1.
Quantities,
Problems of thermodynamics. Gas and vapor.
determining the state of gases and.vapors (parameters) 44
2. Boyle-Mar iotte's law. Gay-Lussacls l pLw. Combined..
Boyle-Marriotte and.Gay-Lussac's law LBoyle-Charles Law]
Concept of gas,constant,and its determination on the
basis of gas density., Van der Waal's equation 45
3. Gaseous mixtures. Dalton's law 4V
~4. Changes of gas state:, constant.pressure; constant
volume, adiabatic, isothermal, and polytropic,prooess.es 49~
5. Graphic representation ofthemodynamic proces!3eB.by a
v -p diagram.~ Graphic representation of work input or
output bya p-v diagram 53

The Turbo-blower Operator SO-V'r/1156
6. Graphic representation of thermodynamic process by T-s, and
s-h diagrams. Thermal efficiency for.vapor 57
Steam: dry,, saturated wet and superheated 6o.
~8. Enthalpy (heat contentl of a vapor. Steam tables 62
9. Dry air. Absolute and relative humidities. Moisture
content. Psychrometer and its use for determining
humidity
10. Graphic, representation of thermal work processes of
steam by h-s and s-T diagrams. Relative internal effi-
ciency of an installation. 70
11. First and second laws of thermodynamics 74~
12. Closed cycles--Carnot,-Rankine. Regenerative cycle.
Extraction of steam for heating and other purposes as a
method of increasing the efficiency,of an installation 76
Ch. IV. ~Principles of Operation of the Steam Turbine, 82,
-o
Conversion.of steam energy in a steam turbine int
kinetic energy and from kinetic energy into,mechanical
'work. Discharge of steam through an opening under.a
small pressure difference. Critical speed and 61ritical
ressure ratio 82

Card
5 /
13

The Turbo-blower Operator /1156
2. Principleof operation of impulse turb nes; velocity
and
stages,~pressure~,Stages., Cylindrio-al tnon-expanding]
,nozzles.
.Comparison
of velocity-stage and
convergent
,
,
l
.
pressure-stage turbines. 'Combination impulseturbines
.3. Principles of operation'of the reaction -turbine. Degree
of reaction. Impulse-reaction turbines 88.
Ch. V. Construction of a Steam Turbine 91
1. Classification of steam turbines, Basic~types f
turbines used,for driving "Gurbe-blowers
2. Brief iriformation on' the design of basic turbine parts:
frame., cylinder,.nozzles, guide blades, packings,
bearings, rotwor 91
3. Regulating systems and diag:-:,ams,.' thrDttle, nozzle, and.,
combination (nozzle andby-pass),regulations i12.
4. Automatic safety device and out-off valve ~ 118

Ch. VI. tems
Turbine Oil Sysk,
121
~1.
:
Purpose of the oil system
121
2. Diagram of the oil system 121
~
3. Oil tank 123
4- Main oil pump 125,
c ard 6/ 13

--- -- - --------
The Turbo-blower.Operator SOV/1156
5. Auxiliary turbine oil pump 125.
6. Oil coolers 128
7 Pressure reducing..valve 131
8: Device for automatic starting of the oil pumps
(Steam-oil regulator) 134
Ch. VII Condensing System of.Steam Turbines
135
1. depose of condensing systems
35'-
I
2. Condensor constructions 136
3. Circulating and conde sate pump coystructions ~
f 137
4. Air removing devices air.ejectors.
5. Control of operation of.condensing.systems. Cooling.
Water consumption and specific waV er rate. Temperature

head [mean temperature difference] ,
c;tnd'its determinatione
Checking the alr-tightness of the system 1451.

6.
Clogging up of.condensor tubes and measures for prevent- ::
ing,it. Methods,of cleaning condensors 148-1
7. Overcooling of a condensate 151~
Ch. VI II. Heat Flow sDiagram for Turbo-blower Installations 152,
1. Heat flow diagram for a turbine without intermediate
' steam extraction 152

("'n
ni 7
/1 '.Z ,

The Turbo-blower Operator SOV/1156.
.2. Heat flow diagram for a turbin
e.with regenerative feed
heating 156:,~
Ch. IX. Principles of OPeration and Constructionof Centrifugal
Air Blowers
157
1. General-information on the types of air blowers 157
2. Principle of operation of centrifugal air blowers.
Principle of air flow along the blades-of centrifugal
air blowers
157
3. Circumf erential.- relative,'and absolutevelocities.
Total head developed in the rotor. Theoretical power
of air blowers .161
4. Actual work of gas compression in.a noncooled airblower.
Adiabatic and polytropic efficiences. Possibilities
of
.
reducing the work of compression, 163
_
5. Shapes of rotor blades. 1
165
6. Construction of the principal parts.of an air blower: .
impeller, shaft, labyrinth Packing., bearings.. casing..
stationary and movable guide'Vanes, unloading piston
clutch. Gate turn-valve. Check valve and main air-gate
valve. Viscin filters
166~
7. Brief description of the new NZL series of air blowers 171
,Card 8/ 13

'The Turbo-blower Operator SOV/1156
Ch. X. Characteristics oflAir Blowers Working on a System, .173
1 . Theoretical and actual characteristics of air blowers 173
2 Pulsation.'point on a characteristics curve 173
3: Change of.air-blower characteristics under various
suction conditions ~176
4. Characteristics of asystem. Air blowers.,working on a
system. Air blowers with*variable characteristics working
on a system 178
5. Possible methods of regulation.. Comparison of the,
efficiency of Various methods of regulation 179
6.~ Automatization of air-blower regulation.- Principles of
operation-of regulators: constant pressure, constant
capacity and anti-pulsation. Description of.automatic.
regulating system of types AKir-14,- AKir-9, AKv--6, and
AKir-4 air blowers 181
7. Effect of the air ducts. Reduction of limiting [Mimimuml
capacity and.pressure due to the increase of resistance
in suction and discharge. Power losses due to duct
resistance.: Improvement of air ducts 188
Card 9/13

The Turbo-blower Operator SOV/1156
1. ~Equipping air blowers.with instruments for measurement and
trol
con 213
2. Automatic safety devices and checking them 215,~

3. ontrol and.measurIng Instruments
Data on c 217.
4. Light and sound systems of signaling between blast
furnace and air blower. Telephone communication 223
Ch. X IV. Servicing Turbo-blowers Operat-'bg UnderNormal Cmditions 225
1 Inspection of .the air-blower at the change of a shift 225
2: Preparation.and starting a turbo-blower 228.
3 Receiving and redistributing the load to air-blowers ~235
4. Servicing turbo-blowers operating under normal condLtlaug 238
5. Stopping a turbo-blower under normal conditions
Ch. XV. Operation ofthe Turbo-blower Under Conditions Deviating,
From Normal 24
3.1.:
1. Effect of steam quality on turbine.performance: salt
content and moisture of.steam. Standard5for salt content.
Measures for preventing salt deposits and checking the
salt content of steam. Washing turbine blades during
eration 243
Card. 11713

'The Turbo-blower Operator SOV/115
2. Effect of abnormal parameters of.fresh and exhaust steam
on the reliability of turbine operation 246
3. Time interval between thestopping and restarting of a
machine 248'.
4. Effect 6f oil quality on.turbo-blower performance.
Brands of oils-used., Checking oil-quallty'duiing the
operation 249,1 .1
Ch. XVI. Abnormalities in the Operation~of.Turbo-blowers..
Determining the Causes'of Abnormalities and Measures
for Eliminating Them 253
1. Vacuum drop in -the condenser 254
2. Rise in oil.temperature in any of.the bearings 255
3. Drop in oil level in the tank 255
4. Abnormal noise or turbine.vibrations, not previously
noticed 256.1
5. Jamming of control valves or disconnection of regulating
levers 256.1
6. Discovering small axial displacement of. the turbine rVtor 257
7. Emergency stopping of turbo,-blowers 2571'.11.
Card 12/13

s/ogi/60/000/02/0,1/002
On Checking the Quality,of Welding When Assembling'. Power Equipment.
tests ~of resilience and angle of,creasing reveal':the plast ie p roper,
ties of the welded-on metal,in a most spectacul
ar way. Metallographic
tests,,call
for a more skilled personnel and.,are labor-consuming.. Ra-..
diographic examinations should be"rejected.
:They can rev 'eal a defect,
only if it is larger th w ich:'
an'5% of the thickness of pipe,. h occurs,
wery seldom, whereas cracks remain undetected. The best means,-6f,check-
ing the quality of,zwelded joints in perlite pipelines,is:.thelultrasound--
defectoscopy. .*Not less' than 50 of all welded joints in lite'
per pipe
lines having walls no.t.less than 15 mm thick and 133 mm in_diameter,,
should be checked by this method, as-required by the "Instruction on
Electric Are Welding of Carbonic and Low-Alloyed Steel-pip6s~!lana ap-
proved by the TU,MES:of July 319 1958-: With respect.to mosi'important
super-high-pressure steam pipes.,theultrasound defectoscopy -should be
;Radiographic inspection of weld
applied to at least..80%,of such pipes.
joints:may.be used asan~auxiliary means only. The above considerations
:apply also Ito.checking high-pressure feed mains,and cold boilers. I 11y-
draulic testing of:boilers.should have a limited.purpose, viz.lto.detect
occasional, flaws An weld seams, the presenc_e,.of honeycombs and 6thersim-

6670-
U~-CE
ACC NR: AP6029861 q6b~- u~/66~6/66/obo/oo�/66.61*/667o
AUTHOR: Fiyss A. G. (Engineer); Ozeran, T. I. (Engineer)
ORG:: VOF VTI
TITLE: Selecting the pressure and type of drive for booster,feed pumps
SOURCE: Teploenergetika, no. 9, 1966, 67-70
TOPIC TAGS: turbodrive design, booster pump) booster pump drive, steam turbine,~
steam boiler, pump, turbine- engine
ABSTRACT: Tie L=mse in steam productivity ard operating pressizes. of boilers has led-toaneed for i:
dr"
more poverful feed pump drives and.ways of increasing the efficiency of these ives.J.
This stu(~y deals with the problem of improving' the efficiency of feed pump: drives I and!,
the selection of pressure-for booster pumps.. Both steam turbodriv -es, and,electrodtives
were investigated. The tests were conducted with K-300-240, and K- 0 -246.turbines-
5 0
at 3000- 5000 rjam. The following conclusions were made: 1) Takln'g:into account~;the
siglificant pressure. losses in the steam supply lines leadingto and from the ttirbo-
erature drop of the working steam used in the t
drive of the feed pump, the temp urbo
drive is lower than in the corre 24o!
spon'ding stages of the main turbine (7%:in,the,K-500-
and 20% in K-300-24o). 2),In turbines,with supercriticalsteam pressures, I is
necessary to use hi0i,-rpm. feed pumps with a preconnected booster pump. 3) Since.
booster -pumps have no reduction gears and the hydraulic couplings.and-thus no:losses I

L'i. 10695 66
A 003?~2.
CC NRr AP6 SOURCE CODE: ur
AUTHOR Ryss, A~ G. (El ngineer T 0~n ,e-e-r
-ORG:
t6rs ~-f
-ini eazn:; parame
election o ial, st bi hi ower-,
SOURCE:~ Elektricheski 'stantSii- no., 6 -8;13
ye,
-3
u'-;d
series-, ce
d
~io uc ionj4power-kpx
i'~~hb

28(5) SOV/32-25-8-35/44~
AUTHOR;
A. G.
Hyss,
-----------
-TITLE: On the Determination of..the,, Cross-sections of."Plane" Samples
Cut out of.Tubes With Small Diameters
PERIODICAL; Zavodskaya laboratoriya, 1959, Vol 25, Nr,6, PV1004-1905 (USSR).,:
ABSTRAM, At the mechanical testing.of tube-metals for pipelines in.steam,.
boilers or heat.l.exchangers it.is,usual not to-subject'tube sec-

tions, but~flat samples 15-20 mm,wide.to a,tensile:t at. This
e
method causes difficulties in the determination of:the surface
of thecross section of the destroyed sample (Fig i) and the
error increase.s.with the.w
idth
the-sample and.:the,decrease
,of
.
.
,
of,the. tube-diameter. This.error AF can'be determ*ne
1 d by.means

of diagrams.:(Pi 2 ab) and must be taken into consideration
9
in the determination,of the cross section.~ There are 2 figures.,
Card 1

AUTHOR: Ryss, A.G.) En2;ineer. 96-4-22/24
TITLE: A Rie-thod of increasing t1le efficiency of reduction-cooling
installations. (Ob odnoy vozm6zhnosti povysheniya
ekonon-ichnosti reduhtsionno-okhladi-uel'ny-kh ustanovok).
PERIODICAL: Teploenergetilca, 10,58, No.4, p -.93. (USSR).
ABSTRACT: In many power stations.i.t is necessary, for various.
reasons, to throttle,and cool live steam This is, of
course 7 wasteful and every attempt shoula be made to
increase the efficiency of reducing and c.ooling,installations.
One method is to cool the steam by.feed-water from the.'.~ I
high-pressure heaters ~nstead.of using feed-wate,r at a
temperature of 102-104 C.from the feed ptimps. Calculations
are Given which show the considerable economy that can
result from this measure. In aparticularcase the
consumption of live steam was reduced by 1%, and in-ano,ther
case by 4yo.
There is 1 table.
AVAIL10,LE - Library of.Congress,
Card 1/1

(Condensers (Steam))

__,The~'~O nition -of-'--,
lepa
a:k~d: 2/2

IQJC-11/135-50-7-1
0/15,
AUTHORS: .
~Os, A.!I%~ Ryss 71 A Pngineers
Gellman, A.Q; bocta,:F of Technical Sciences.-P
rofessor
'7abanov, Candidate of TechnicF,l '-ciences
TITLE,~ Resista--ace "Welding in !~-teel Sheet Production
P-RIODTCAT.

q
'-3 ar-,) c oy e prcivrodstvo. i959
i-Rr
pp 34"-
-
,,
A'R S T F A 0 T z TI-Ie e x. T) e r e I I C e i.r. introducing -resistance. butt ,v C 1 -
ding at metallurgical i)lants !zhowed t.-ha. t resistance

a i n e, may proauce an
essen-AP-1 engineering and
econoTric ef fect, esnecially? ~r.-7hen together with a well',

ad us te d b at, Id-L ig machine s-om-
t q r other higher're-,
ouirements of -11-11e rietil s'rin aremell-, Tiie equipinent`,...,
"Icveloped and, t-he t-;--chnology of butut-,iveldiing of. strips
.
i,:;, as tested un-der d"fic-all work cond4tions.ol
-L-L
e t a inal plants, is a means for increasing tile
croductivi ty of mach-iner- f or cold-rolling, of 'shee ts
Th-s process-must find wide-spread appl-LcauJon in.new

rollini~'-Mill shops be const-ucted in Pc--,
hi-ch are t c

ard, bii U
ordance '-he Seven-Year-Pla, Tn table 1 t-e

aut!,~ors Dresent basic data. of T s!71 but" vielding,.~-
kA (I L'

S 0, V/1 3 55, 0 7-10/15
R e s i s, euneWelding, in Steel Sheet Production
machines,, Such equipment was developed by,TST
,~99h:
durina- the T-t years and was installed at the.plants
__e -37, 117,aporozhstal I
PTagnitogorskiy met 1-
a
lurL,-Icheskiy kombinat (?.Tagn-*Ltogorsk Petallurgical
ComJbine) Fig. 2 sh.ows a welding machine 1700 'built
by RZT1,!, used for welding steel strips. in ~a rolling
mill, vihereby such processes as pickling
etc, may be performed continously. in 't-able 2.the
autnol
-s present data for welding low carbon steel
strips'at welding machines 1600 and 1700. Ther are 2
photo-faphs, 9 diagrams, 2 tables and 1 raph.
9
ASSOCIATTON- T sN I TVIAS h
Card 2/2

4-1mmz IT it U Is M IS . I W-W-W-- 4

C &I U21 Jim snail

L
MCC go CL 0 4iij,,nfo
0
0
0
-A
1-oo

00
-00

At t' of V. S, VA I LoV MdD 1.
by sedien 11 -
-The ratt of the reaction:
=43(111CM
R
k
S
) 3
U
S -60
tt
o .
.
.
.
.
m. (
,
J. I lp~ifj C
SiNs) at 275' 6 0 411, 350 -1.11; 41W-4S: 47W-1. it 4, (1 Na
Nii
O
: i
Aa
culits,45.KI%N&.,$iVowwiom;t~~'toO2.2%N"Foin3t"ihn- Therractitmulight
o1 1w otill" for lmrifying llF-SF4 mintst. by %Wng vrty fine NaF crystith to inctraw thr
-00
0 rateof the tractkm or by using highly active NmP
go I! V. KALgCiIPV%VV ROO
00

00
coo
of go
00 0
0
Zoo

00
I woo

ti 0 0

S L-ETA
LURW
L
T
L
CA
LI
ExaTtIRE CLASSIFICATICh
7
1:300
woo
a., C.f
u 11 AT No r--q-vI
TN
a- Pt a It it a
. aad0 INI AD 0 .1 1
.1
o
0 0 0 0 0 0 0~0 0 a 0 a 0 0 0 0 0 0 41 0
0 0 01: 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 o 0 o o
foo*o 0ioooo0q0%~ooooq0,o0 00;i of 004 0
09
0 :
k 0
0 0

0 h, it it 14 Is i. fill .1 1. m m ti s o
A r a LI 11 -L-11--& ---21-1~ E-1., 0 0 r Q I-, I I v AA Do Lf W if I
$ -c

00 00

06 The trandamation of stsdium chrottsate Isto-dkittrowAte by the "dam of ~Ydrss_
fluctic add. 1. G. Ruiss &_u_d_S. S. Wov. J. Chm. Ind. 1933. No. 4.
'
~
-
00

0 9 U - 'Si CU
,i
t4v, Voin At. arr trrated with IIF. Ifte fmm if Vs. to n C
coin
53 7-No,CrOZ
-
1
A
N
f
hi
F
d
,
0
s ll"
ter wss,%
&
PPL,,. sol
. a
ult
4CI, w
.~f mills, a Cougm- rimil popirt fiot mmlisrst in 1 .
0

49 1_3, J~ lj~jj f,W 'lltirf %,&.
it It 011d . Cr,(N rrmain- its Ow .4o. mud it

00
'40s by rvanst. lit t1%
i% liblishird mitird with mlitse N*,i l, -Ill. It. %I. Ixu"t"

.3

0 0

0 0
U

s i L -1 T.Ltt,-~K.L "T"Aft.-It CL.%1kWKlll10.
jd_
-J. 7
u to to .i- It.
+

An I
a I W 94 1 13
$1 It (y it 9 It 19 ct It 1-9 ft
11 Ol
,
o f

4_~~ 0 0 0 -00 0 0 -,i--0 -0 _04F
a I j 4 1 1 1 $ 30 a X V a " , I, _jj
e3 m *-CC W_tzi t__ t A__j -A- "S A
,L &_ C , t P r, N 9 L A-9 1- 1. ... It.
00 A
,.00
lei. P-Af
so 210-17)(1104).-Tht
q
00 a is d-nibM. Tlwrmal ammipol
reactiom 211101 of). - 2AT#.CrM + I-00.. 'ibilo.,
CTA Is H, voc a at W Milk
p"n
hr IWO- - C-101.4W" + 'a
hmt Of
is 73,37,11 cal. Urr jjjjA. tj tN. C. A.
0 ago
see ~10-0002--
!zoo
tsoo
I L A tTALLLP.CKAL: Utf, fcL&sSt$11CAT1C%
40 0
P, P I? I I M 14,
00 0 c0
0 0 6.6
*go o w
of A 0 0 * 0 : : V: je a a 6 9
0 so : 0

. W . - -
9
1 A I I I, to It It 11141311 Ills tfatt v a u n a v v I]
1
A
Is 9 Z L It I a I
.
t
. ~
*Jvj
Aa~* -P '
-OCR

Mrs.
-S.a.ndima of by"- ad4 frol
00 U, Mist V. S. vistlov. ku*%. 36;'
i
mbe Maoist, Of IfF Irons flumiridt" by
May 31.
11tram, of 11'so., the gas Cubit' coats. SF, unit M. kIMMW11
IfF, at MIA to to Shmsch the StF6.
AV" Sa

00 see
40 At
0 is roe
Do
00 00
so

00 coo
W
o
two*
00- see
44 two*
040
I Doe
fjmt:-.;'v
too
U Ti A- -q') it I s a rm a a 8 0 1 S,
0 IF 11 It OF it K 'T OF of It t[ Itx 0 4 1 !W4
0 9 0 0 0 0 9 9 0 9 0 0 * 0 9 0 0 0 * 0 # 60 q 000 Lo 0 e 0_0
0 so & 0 0 A to * 41is 041 0-* 0 0-0-04- -0 -o 0 O'S,

T -4-11-TeivT1 a ay
U

K L
1M
I it A1.0 IND Gavist

a c-

go COPMS row or Um MORM IM OMMUS Hr NFAIG Or KMO&
FLOMIC ACM. 110 S.S ArlAyi ~ (j on. v JIUM18*0 29330
-
,
:
116
0
on
treatment wLth 1W cc with
A
;J
37-
JW rie"li lb* a A W vbi*h ean, aftw rsduotl=
1
-
P
2

*0 , 13
5-
washing, and addition of dinitropbsnol,
lb *=tent to
of, its 67
4 I
be used for bqregmtIon.of wood. The materials used should haw* roo

low Al and 31 contentse &,To lose
coo
40

woo

woo,

AL L TKNATWA CL"WICATM
METALL bee
1881W.
live" 11
: map sow
INDU R
4110
V 0 WWO V~ 00 0 0 0 Is 0

~ w 0 0 * * 0 0 0 0 * 0 0 0 0 0 4 * o 0 * *is 4, S, 4 0 , -
I I 1 4 0 4 1 1 1 is ;I t., 1) til IS It (? Is It X , na a -ld A .4V )c 11 17 tr 14 is It v
A 1 -f-C i, A L --m -A-Jr-QAt1 1- -1d. J ~L' A.. 7 Z ~ Mpe IX tc- U 4 -1 a
of oo&um floodbm* bm hydro-
qft w .4. *ww- I roe
_r Chm. Ind. (Mawow) 19M, No. 3. 4".~_T
-5 so
IIF is filtemd thrm4b qu-S Wd I -m- In
Th~ wid givrx a quftnt. Yiekt Of HAF-- TbE WtCT. DOt
dild. is tres td with a 10,70 excml of a Satd. NACI
t
-which ppts.. neadw pure No-qF.. H. M. Lek-estI,
SAO
W67
%s0.
Al-SLA UTEN&URE CL
Allt -1 Or 147 11 4 1
u % IV N) IS~gr It it 11 Sp (0 It Of it IT 91 tt tt ft it 1-1 2, , "L.3
9 ,* 0 0 IF 0 f 0
is G, * 0 0, S, 04 0 0 'D q ii

0 o 0 : o 0 0
it u Ip to If k f 11 Vn Is A Is P 16 It' 'a it u 11 w 0 " 11 If it 41 4T fit 11

Al A s I If T AI 1 14 (A IV it 1 4 1
l"Llik. JLIa it

)Uptd volumetric detcrutinstion I *Mublo rluoM*s
i
l(tu- alld 1'. 0,8111,11.1VA.
ll"Inq-k-svu 4.
,
Tit
jcf. I
.: 't IJ.

00 Ikeffill- of Ilk, fe. Ilou .4 IIV
ka SI F. 141.111 Ille. klit.Oit.hIr coh.
.4 Ifiv molivi sea OMICAIM. lit ill., l.Fkj.kfkrd -00

: I, M'11,11101~d Im file A- itulicAtuts. Air q-1
,

0 Ille C.1,141 VQ" Of 1P.1 % Air
Uqfl~., of dIfjtrjlj% I
.1111.,w "kill liliellitlesw l4ur 11) and ifirthl 4wallar .1111
0411 ""IlIvIk'Ir Wile 11W The- 1111u.1 indoem'", air
0 L;
0 I., NF. mill InAlke J-ildv lit, IIIINIS.-Il with,hif ilk,
-ity Of 11111S. 111. IAMI Uktll KCI ^fill Ale , hl j
to -qwd. *&1111. M A dki0fide Add A 2,V; 0%11?" Of Zile
firlittillurcl taxinst I or It in,fical'ir. tit I
file usi~t. 0-1.5 N 11cl I., a l.rijtllt VIOICI vid"T of
file
.
-l- Aml Ilivil'-, it, XCI f"reuch file -1.1~
*

00 'flit- mall. With %
101t to .6 girris 41jimmt I Alld I,v a
k9lErtl AICAIII%t 11, The AtIttfileY Of IlW drin. Ill 41.2 K. --f
If--- 1j.hCk,
Ch", 1;1.4tw

3 was

so Joe

Go

so, f ilk ILilk -1

4
7 too

~ if
L3 A I 7L.
go 0 0 0 0
0 r

0

~ 0
: 0 0
0 0 0:0 0is o wo 0 0
0 0
40 0 0 a 00 0 0
o ,
o 09 0 0

a v a x it -jr
II I A A Y I to to U I) U t$ a to ts to a I a'
~aoooo
A.
~Comlotor. fluiroeldoo., drolysis oaf The fluomilicate .00
J! .9,nd Nw P. AiuA. Cjmjv, j. ,,d
S. S.
fl, 3(), (till I I.:- &Ans. of, Vat.*. .t,j. with ~jO, ;uld'
go were. uguir up in pkrAfrjUcd mntAule, Kh lov 4*0
-4 Ihv ",liol4and by lite p4rtiA, hyll '1644.V4,'-
1:04
00 j Siv.. The P11 of Chew %)[113. Wat'Ichl. lly t v It
a perhAl of dayi (up to X-)) until it 1,-Aone~ coo
00 roe I
Tht Pn al W* for 2 -woln. contg. 0.10)4X MOIS.:NAI: pr kg
1104 wu* 7,37; hot 0-4524 moolc (L[m). and ht
coo,
Moli, 6.40, Frian thm valurq'alul the known value.,
d the WC60111-* Of the 16-Ar"S i0ol, CIC.. tile IlYdrUI)-,i%
Sil:.--- 41 3W sx, found to b! 1.2 X Ito
is, mvm).
~.-hn E. Milioery
41
If
.0.0
0 04, oge CtAstwoc-Tick
.$-it& WALLUOrKAL Uttil't
V Im 5 As a 3, 4
U % AV 03 JU
." " to m Pot It 0
ITO 0 : :
000 0 0 00 so. 00 0 0 of 0 0 So
so 0 of 010 0 9 so* 0 0 a a go 0
to so 0 0 00 00 0 -

vv Is Its OF Its Its w a v v 9 a
41,
AAs . f A A a .' it
Aa aL -f Al A-4LL
so
00 -A
ck-111
00
a
00
00 .3:1-,
00
4,0
0
(00
V L
LATE
CA a AV -D Or
000004::
11 as ago !0,41-9--we Of-9-9,41 000 9 1 a00 00 r0 a;-
9
41. Itis to 7'.
11 11 9 n re
A
ItI ti
00
-00
-00
The Isfissmammebility nt pyTites and flatition talling-k
: J
1.
ku
T v.
G
Zhuravi"m tuld V. X, Sis%hsv 00,
.
,
l!,,
~
.
,
, j.
- W) 12. !"41 If -00
pvrif~. iq.1141*~
Ilatti.-Ir sim. - rh~ prr-n- ..I qw,fi Im. Intle 0,~ t ....
thk valtw hut rnhm with day rm.. it- Vari'm*
-4 natuml pvritr% An.1 11"fali"It Iflik, .11~.w uniti.-I)
tem"Is. 'll It. w,

1 00
'

X0 0
'coo
ZOO

Poo
=400

.
.
.
. ..... .
.
I d I
A of 9 K It IT It. Q9
i0
n
00000000 0
a
r 00,
0
00000000000;0000
1 000~000660990

001

a & 0 0 0 a 0 0 6 4
03~1 I Isle Is 9IIIIIII)MISIGII
a it I r 0 A A
A 9 JI
k
s
1 as it 11 u m u 11 is
AA 11111
cv
cc
1
LLIAL
k W 81 CEO
I
' '
-
--
' l -A
-.2
-
_t ~
_
7
;
Is"Isits ..0 I.e.. !."#S

The d gywftft~& 111111"ed 1. G. Rules.
-
'
T
h

4 . G. Z
uravieva and
b. N. Su"k1V. J. C"
led.
2 ting cm&tk= of a H
opera q d2fi
so
Ak.) there i
er of _*O
so IF e
,
x
cxPlasim of air-pyrite inixts.. especially in the burning
aven,and precautioto sintilar (a thtric alswrycd with
i~wd. cmf -thould be taken. %I. Lek-emer,

66
1 =00
00 0
00 j
00
Of a -0e
00 S

see
0o
z

zoo
too
t-.1 ASM.ILA BETALLUINGICAL L ITINATLARE CLASSIFKATICH boo

s 7
too
%4no.o -, i . . 19.1c.4 .&. a-- a
-__
_
_
_'
_ ra a.. I.%j
0
; '
'
-
, , I 1
Is -.
I , p ~ ' ;
A,
,
1
IF up K Is it, R 51 pr It ZA 4 0 1. W, Is .3'" 13
. 1
~o 3 1 T
0
o
0
0 *000.00000*000
8
ST1 0
04 000000600000004 ~0.0
'
o
0 0 0 e 0 j*OOOOO O~roOOOO~OOO O1
@ 0 go Oro$ 00000 000
4
1 0
Wp

000000 DO'S, 000
: : : : : : 0 0 0 0 0 :!:,: 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 010 a 0 0 0 01..,
00000000000000000001000000"F.

icup
U
C 1) 0 po s I

'r C, AT a n 0
$1 (31. AT a n
0

0 I-D &#Ill. V~Dlw$

04- WIS-OST

0 olz
4,
0

009;
it 00
jr 00
ear 00
663
00
00=
a*
a*--
i r *a
0
roe
: ir
0 so
oo- -~p -A;lxius Jim Oqj j0 WiUaA
!wnldxj Jql
00
a- go

q.. uu)jj 2rulaunj bin.
-*A J41
00-
.1slipAdtatuspio uvqj dui-ii uusqu3ijj&ojwaavqv2t!jAd

0
qan,
XU!p3i3jd -13 -(S;V6j)Wq 'ZI (Akt-jlj)
o

o
.'FRI IMON.) 'f 'AUlLng ')q -U PUN NA31AIUnqZ -0 -JL twinn
::,
rto

0 s.)o.6 d.1 j r 00

,
v I I I! n w M of vv I -- T -4-1 A I 1-1 5 j w v
0 2~ it (t is M x it 9 K 11 a 11 41
9
91 3
t I
Of tl
o
1
6
a
A I
1 T
t
o
t It
f 11
1
1 1
, it
9 U tf It 1
1
-
0 0 a 0 - 0 a a 0 ~q ---# - ~ P I I 0 9
t
1
1
o
- , i . a
I

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

fil

L,
&I it i1 If
m X) )I ii Ii )A 4 M 11 U AV
111,14,114 lit$
0 J1
tj A
A UP
L
L
_
-A-
- P Q A L.-
.6cofor'Is WI,
00
so
C00*2 floo"is. TM hydrolysis *I ffw-

'
'
'
mate IMS. IjOCUjima-and N. P. Bakinis C
" P
~,:
; i i

re". iscad. s
R
. R S
S.S
S.
IN
P S) 2 lir
(
1
. . . .1 . ,
93
i n
)
0 German).7-The hydrolysis of fluciborates f(4lows the equa-
6 tiqU;,"9-+ 3HO - HaBO, + 311' + 4F-., By detC.
srith a H clectrode-said. ca&omel electrode ccfl the p"-
00 8i7 _
~
of XF schn
of coact
9M'O Af KF
w
s
u
to O
td
th
.
i
.
a
.
t
.
p
.
KBF, and 114M. the equil. cmut., K - &I X a'*-/
' .00

ee
. ivaq found to be 2ZI X 11) ". With
:or.- X siton, at 18 s
quinhydrme ekctro& the Jim of a said. (OAT2% .11)
KBF. man.. was dctil. as 2,50, and for a OAKM M Kl1F#
p
:

se

so j: Thus far micidimetric titration of 11111
wiln. po, - 2.98.
1
thynial Woe 6 a suitable indicatm, but titratlim clinnift
00 j be canied out with ifil. soins., exprdally 11 not tatd. with

W
11
i
ht
K
I
roe
cm
.
.
c
r.
x
I
al

o0
z
,

041

I At i kip.k At Oft-At,-0, t% MWOC'110- t:00

'Wee

-::7 Joe

-y
K It it 11 cc
t x g
1 a Od 0 is 4
Anil.
i
If it it 41 9
o * 0 0
o
0
00999 9 0 0 0 6 0 of 0 0000 00 0 0
go
*000,9 0 t
:
00 0 so 6 0 0 0.0 0 0 0 0 0 0,04 of 90 so 0 0
0

- 0~4_
0 4 7 A P 10 11 V I) U 13 16 If I* )I il zo z 26 ff n 29 ma it vu At At is v So
" I, ! if 41 4; #1

u
L
It IF
0 1 1 . Po- rx M III itIIt I 'A a
.
4!%

%ftsdametirk dettermilmadems of Smiluble fluorides. 1.
G k -a stul N. 11. llakitte. laivbbatoIs Lib. 0. 1,11-7
'
Z7 0 C, A. A9. Amwittlipt lo pirlifullukry
tems USEF can be dr(d. ill tho live-witer.44 cmialitium"Ittr
uslimiles by oats. the salln. with NSSE.14116 Auld tittating with
CAM(h). Willi thr It.

00
;J0

00 a 9*0
00 4f

AlIg
dt i 3,

Tic.
S Ab 1, L A at TALLLPNGK AL LITE MATUPIE CLAVIAP IC 1 tie 0

'
f too

u 1% A, .6 --ill
1 ,41 -0

-
l 1i"i
'.
Ell it a Aff 1 0 IU 04 It ta' n AS 4 1 1 and,
6_
~

e 0

'
.0 0 a o
0 0 060 o
0
4
p
s o 0
: : : : : 140 0 01 : : 0 0 0 0,0 0.: 0 0
6
0 0 O's0 0 0::

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
03 Ito 1, 1: 11 1. 11 10 11 11 to :1 "__a 'M n A .17 is ?v W, It u F1] 14 n M 11 Is r 40 AT at ti id 41 no
A A C a L-1 a a S-1, u 'T I W
oil A -6--A I L L 0, M cc It 4 4 14 t
Laborattiq isvoistigetim of causes of Afts from opw-.
tefiolovas sombuillin in pyrite mises. 1. G. Ryss, ej at.
To ot c Timixytio Aftid. 1937, No. 9, 21-44. 'Waieltril'iff-M11C.-
tion of spontaneous beating, tenops. of ignition, and the
410
rate tif oxidat ion of pyrit" led Or otitificars low the (ollowitig
Its forguo"I to) the vall-t to( fit'-,; in tilin".
Acid mine water cva~ hydnilysi:& 4 ittine titidwit, which
i-m its kimitiric irrap. , rhi. h,,wt,-,vr'
ts 11"t
accoHilpanied by rise in teelp. uxualhul of I'vo,it". t-Ar-
Jivulmly bi the finely pulvrritril %late atid too lite In"emv
'-f rritsin sinall itsuits. of "I"isliltr. it, A"I.mi"Itairel toy A
re 0
rallid rise in W1111).; howevur. at &.4 not lo-a' to lite kill.
oiling ptint of pyrite because of grratIy.tkvrcw%r,I rate of
oxidal ion of ctry pyrite. If pyrite ditst L% placed in Luntact
0 0 with timber wuct,l hydrolyzed toy inhic water, lite licat ilc-
velaled by the oxiolation %of pyrile i4nit" lite vnvxl. and
100
to 0 1116 is fullo)well fly file iftnifluts to( lbyrilr.
Mitiom slid cittingu6ising of fit" in pyrair mitirno air dvo.
010
Dalld"IT
0 0 4r
1,019!,
;coo
~
zoo
a ni I L a .9 T At L Ul'GK At LITTIO 41 %,#f CL Allif K TIC%
Alto;
1.10.) Q- ;lot t "a-- 91,
oej'tjl~t
IT AV W3 L lit, 6 '-V --- 9
u p
19 it to I --
CR 44 a of Of u 'a to" a 4 a I W 111 11 a do :
n
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 .0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 41 1 ilk 0 to Soo 0 0 g 0 0 a 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 oi
0 0 0 0 i0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0, 0 0 0 :
0 0 0.0 0 0 0 0 0 0