SCIENTIFIC ABSTRACT RUTKOWSKI, W. - RUTMAN, D.S.

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: Scientific Abstracts
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP86-00513R001446210009-4
• Release Decision: RIF
• Original Classification: S
• Document Page Count: 100
• Document Creation Date: January 3, 2017
• Document Release Date: June 21, 2000
• Sequence Number: 9
• Publication Date: December 31, 1967
• Content Type: SCIENTIFIC ABSTRACT

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-methods, together with method of preparing, prossing. and
vintering nuxas am even. The Influence of pressure and of
Vol. 17( "a reture and time of datering on the properties of
=p0
Apr. 191 int
. from iron powders was Investigated. On the
t
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b
f
f
i
id
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, nter
men
al ev
as
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ence.
our stagei of s
exper
ng
Powder Metallurgy 1) the
'ompar""Urce am difficrentlated: Up to 600* 0. (st:r
.
pro of pressed npocitnone remain unchan
g during
,
.12)d 600-900
C. temperature
%rlpg aintoring In the
.
range; and (3) ove 10501 C. the properties ofainters
=J'Ong?"C
with increasing temperature, whilst (4) In the
rature.
cad of

A

RUTLrOWSKI, W. On
22SKIDVA" of Powdm SEL.OW-Alem _Estals brAtomiza,
tion. I IWV. AutX2aw ana-sy. %Awelsal jT-race-'Inwo Af;;;;, W-w
~!Hutn., 1953, 5, (5). 291-29-0--tin 'rah]. Apparaftwifipr. :f7
Fo
Metallurgical Abst. atomization of molten Sn, Pb. and Za by compressed, W`
V6!.,- 21 May -1954 described. Particle-size distribution, bulk d, n6d cliAj.
-00m i. of the powders obtained were detennitted. -The.
Powder Metallurgy isITt as d termined. by metallo hic is A~11 d and
I a ,.,.:nalys
Wrinel'haZess measurements, ona,, sintered rro~uctx

W~7-
f.2
r
A~i~06kf W. Sinfered
ond Cobalk
Splkane -nidg Cz. 11 spirkane m2finesy ;awierajace
~'( Alst Mtn. Hutti. No. 3), StalinGir6d, 19M.
t lcobh]VAM
Wyc own. Gorn -Ruin.'j&A I~-' ',23 figs ~ 5 tat-s.
A meJhod worked the ALth& 40C produring gintered per-
mar ent magnets corltqhj~fif if per cent of A I, 2i per r-nt Df Co * 14 ;wr
cent of Ni. 3 per cvnVVM'ahX 32 per cent Fe. It was feuad the pre%
WA: W carried out under a pressure of 1, LSitIM
sing of powders sho
aNid MR at a temperature of tabout 1375-'C. Aiuminium is APtrodtf-
ced into the mixture of powderi n the form of Fe-Al alloy', Altering
can be performed with or without the addition of TIH: In Order It-
alatain good properties, the following essen'tial conAtions should be
mantatned. - chemical purity of pawd-", purity of atm(Lqphere during
the sIntering process, aid suitable coolirg rate otter sintering. TbS
enfrgy of magnets o6tal 'ned by this methoo Is characterised by the
prt duct: t.5 X to Go X Cie.
~5-
7-
Ir P

RUTKOWSKI, W. "ITI
111intered Permane -flintered Permanent f
nt
Magnets Without Ain am. M"racs In8l.
Minist. Huln., 1954, 61 (1), 50-ZO). n &Isb]. Prolm. of-
Metallurgical Abstracts permanent. magnets by sintering Cu, Co, and Ni mixed
described- The powders used were produced
ders by
rol 21
Tuly 1954 Yloew. d7 and had the following purity: Cu 9S-7, Co 99-7i
ii 98. -flt- -rn nbt"ned with mixturca, I
Power Metallurgy contg. On 45, Co 30, and Ni 25%. The powders were r .a- i
duced in a R atmosphere for 10 hr. at 700',C. (6W' C. in the
ease of Cu), mixed for 10 hr., and again heated in H to 660' C.
for 10 hr. before compression to 6000 kg./cm.l. Thecompressed
r. at 1250' C. and
Tcim ~teon ein in H for 3 h
kg./crn.s. This -aw fbIlowed by
cmp O(r
for L 2 hr. at 1200' 0. Th licat-treatment
sinte 0
enching in oil from 1100'0. and tempering
cons ted A
at 6~ hr. The product BU.,. for the specimens
d a ?repared reached 'he value 1-38 X.101 gauss-0e., which:,-,
lu tor than figures quoted in the literature. Smalladdii.of"i
larican h r g cerol before.
is Buch as , paraffin, cam
Etloyrltboo d o~lthe products-
p re found to increase slig
5j;
and impro!e ~teir magnetic properties.--8. K. L.

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w

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fasC r, Ni
lun h P 1
Matf4d. W~ Ruirrwsk
"Mte -ak-Now
- PMWYW-W#
land)
.
.
Vjnalth summary).-m-Zr ;k;w&r (inked with Zr mix
'
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eaction W
1
is
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d acc
rdin
to the
af
Z
I j
r
o
ne
o
r
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o
9,17
a om.
Zr -~, 2140 whkh Is larried out at 9080"Iti a
Apsm. values for&Kare is follows-at WC.108A,
'
12DO'K
1100M. `406.10p ~ at.
at 10000K. 107JM,: at
4 104.931,at ISWICc 103M8, at-.14009K. 101.707. and st
- J603*1C. 0.1,822i These values wtreFtMcx*.. from a. formula
detived,by A, Yrupkowskil(Zosady, noyiafuA-tj~ "lurtii
40, Wassa W. 1051) and hoof themolar heat capacitws
Wfaryl
of V (CA for which Ri, "ved the formutsu. ~ C~ Od W.)

m4terfal2rSiodofthe followingcom was - usid:~ WO,
31.20, Zro, 31M, Felos 0.43,TlOw OT040 Mlj~ALOi
-
-:,ZM WdS
LOW, calcining loss 0200, and &Ik4lF660QWo
%-,
*i
d C
F
i
l
fi
O
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l
L
Th
l
l
a
t
at
o
eni
it. was t
e
FaHS
tat
t
:
,
t
., an
000' and after cooling and gritt&'
Us a graphite crucible at 1.
Lig itwas balled with dH.-'HCI 1% for~40'lirs-Ar(O
In the:fitt
tid c
b
NUOH
td
t
ra
e
a
a
,
y.
It , 'Alk.1, eth,. .~td bywashing with dO.
HO (a very lengthy operation) and the product:was; tfien
900- The. 2nd method Wed's mix'.of,
joasfedL at

o 1.3.r
zrSIO '.The in 1i I. was melt,A at
and KHFj sit a rat
'
'
The initki beating lmd to be'slow
for 30
mih.
owing to Hit) e;~4atlon according to the reaction- "ICS10
2.q;;i Afte;-
'
croft and grinding the mlzL. wits boiled In water (slightly
acklified with 11 M by:
Xlzrpa was obtain

-ocr-s on V~e n'. 334,
0,)l nr!
F:f-.st F-uror,7-nn Pcceosl~ns, Lr, Vol.
0. n c
WWW

d x.o
!y6awmictoitt ~'oclmi Le,.n io ""Itowicel
ro Pt
--.cc sl~ a ".'t

tho

r
o
P
107SS"'
Otrzy=ywank! I vickmnle, hi
W.
-

at 1400 C; Compar6olks With W
hs'
i s.

tN't

7i

JA

Ai
'firom zincireirous wastea. w- R-u-qroygd 9-nd fl-%ImZ-h
(Ins Nft~li ~Niczc
0 ~a) I are
-.-F_ lea,
t! .... I
me tim, c"ll"Aled
d Irmp 41, i he CtjrT~r, ~fficqem-
4 to hie 11PId - Zzi m tu Lae inrin ot very fine
1-w- 14-r; it ha; a high chem. reactivit Iv owing to a coM-
6 iv 1-9P zurfar- of f-arh p-jr#_-vie 'f $~r -,Ijr4.lcfr k mucl,
a'~ ran poli-I 1, fl,rd in rAw
r:,.c rw:~ cmders and oresl-
'7;7"
Y,

RUTE(Y...."SKI) W.
RUTKOWSKI) W. Up-to-dateness of periodicals and rostconference materials. p. 203.
Vol. 77, no. 5, Mv 1956
FRZEGLAD TECHT',ICZNY
FFTLO---OPlfl & RELIGION
Warszawa, Poland
SO: East European Accession, Vol. 6, March 1957

RUTMISKI, 'Uriadyslaw
Bogumila Winsch and Wladyslaw Rutkowski (GLiwice), "Rueckgewinnung
von Zink aus Abfaellen durch alkalische Elektrolyse," Chemische Technik
(Berlin), 9/11, November 1957, pp. 654-61.
Received on 23 September 1957.
Communication from the Institute for Nonferrous metals, Gliwice.

~MAGNETS;l and S.StolarC
arwtw~pr
ad%"

W, Rutkowski (Gliwice), "Untersuchungen zum Sinterlauf und von
RekristallisationsvorgaenvIen," Neue Huette (Berlin), 3/1, January
1958, pp. 37-43.
Studies on the Stages of Sintering and on Recrystallization Phenomena
Receivei cn 11 September 1957.
(Several Polish authors are listel in the bibliography which accempar4es
the artir-le.)

-
7
Ze;"

W. Rutkowski and S. Stymczak (Inst.:
Pdish A,". M. rad.
cu, W1
U cAr-
R,.,,
Re
t
No
I IO/VM
5
(1959
.
.
..
.
p
-
=n)- d iNd No
T
M
1 53
1 003b
20/VM (1958);
.
.
.
,
-
,
%-- (1)
- (U)
H
T
O
T1F
B
e
.
.
.
.
.
, ,
and T16* were
-dr Mis
tudied In C
H
a
MQ 11R
s
s
t
r
pp..
yhydrogen (on Uvispek) flame-pbotometry detns. of
or ox:
Ca and Sr. The Na salt of EDTA was added to prevent
ppta. . U and M, and I In CtHr-air flatne, suppressed the
emission of Ca (at 422.7 and 822 m1s), until a 1: 1 mle Mao
ttained. This Is Wleved to be a result of free metal
~wm a
i=s combining with Ionized anions. 1,I1.andTi4*dMwt'-
-lntedwfthSdetn.(.t4W.7mju). Tii+andmsup-f
' -p
pressed Ca and Sr -1 ons, resp., in direa proportion to,
A. Smfta"~.

r 7~ 4~-

A I
--W4

TIE-7T0,,*)!7.",.L- RT,'T~UYi VoL. 25, rio. 10 Oct. 19-58.
77. Pressinr; of brittle powder, 1). 397.
~-'orit!O
of East Europe-ari Accessions (EEM) LC Vol. 8, 'lo. h A-pril, 13-59, Unclass.

18(5) POT,/39-59-4-4/14
AUTHOR: Rutkowski, Wladyslawy Doctor and Bryniarskil J,
.L eers
TITLE; Problems of Powder Elastic St rain during Pressing
PERIODICAL: Hutnik, 1959, Nr 4, pp 154-158 (Poland)
ABSTRACT: One of the most interesting and important phenomena
to bc observed during powder pressing is the elastic
strain they exhibit after pressure is released. Some
pressed powders crumble after being removed from the
matrix. This can be influenced both by the method
adopted during pressing and by the properties of the
powder itself. The external pressure applied by the
press is equal to the powder's reaction. As pressure
is increased elastic strain appears and finally, when
external pressure passes the point of critical tension
the powder is subjected to plastic strain, After pres-

Card 1/4 su*--e is removed, plastic strain remains but only
elastic tension is observable. Fig, 1 shows the re -

P 0 L/39-59-4-4/14
Problems of Powder Elastic Strain during Pressing
sults of Balshin's
with
Gagarin
experiments
a
press.
He is of the opinion that strain depends on: the hard-
ne3s of the materials used, the weight used, its oxi-
dation and granular shape, the role of gases which
occupy 80114 of the space in the matrix and finally the
power of the press itself. Tichtman has found that
the use of certain liquid agents decreases elastic
strain by spreading tension more evenly and reducing
friction. Experiments designed to confirm this were
ca--ried out with a press made by the 2Wolpert Werke.
Pressure of.from 1 to 15 tons per cm were applied to
about 10 mm of various powders (this being their thick-
ness under the press). The materials used were: elec-
trolitic iron, oxidised and non-oxidised, mechanic
iron from the Hametag mills, chromium, copper lead
and silver powders. Table 1 gives the physical proper-
ties of these materials. Pressing was carried out
Card 2/4 wi-,h these powders in their norma*tate and again h

POL/39-59-4-4/14
Problem of Powder Elastic Strain during Pressing
the powders wtted with a solution of camphor in alco-
hcl (ethyl) and added to make up about 1.5c/, of the
powder's weight. ?-!easurements of the powder's shape
were taken to the nearest 1/100th of a mm. Effects
of the strain on the press itself were also taken in-
to account. It was found for instance, the matrix was
wider by 9/1,000ths of a mm after the experiments
Fig. 2 gives microphotographs of the powder used, Pig
3 results of the experiment without camphor and Fig 4
results with camphor. Figs 5, 6 and 7 give closeups
from Figs 3 and 4. Fig 8 sums up the results of the
experiment. It was found that, as a whole, elastic
strain changes together with pressure. Three general
ranges of press4re may be distinguished in this re-
srect: 0-4 Vcm~; 4-8 t/cm and B-15 t/cm4. These are
shown in Fig 8 as A,B and 0. In general, elastic
strain is small in range A while there is still room
Card 3/4 fcr compression, it is greatest in range B and again

Problem of Powder Elastic Strain during POL/39-59-4-4/14
Pressing
decreases in range C where the. high pressure applied
gives the powder greater cohesion, Another factor
effecting strain is the size of the grains. It was
found that the smaller the grains, the greater the
change in the powder's measurements after removal from
the press, It was also found that the degree of oxi-
dation,affects strain, increasing it especially in
the A range. Pinally, it was found that such agents
as camphor tend to even out the differences between
the three ranges of pressure and make for better all
round results of pressing. There are 6 diagrams, 6
photographs, 1 table and 21 references, 9 of which are
Polish, 5 Soviet, 4 English, 2 German and 1 Czech
ASSOCIATION: AGH - Krakow Katedra ~fletalografii (AGH- Cracow Chair
of Metallurgy)
.Card 4/4

Dis t 4,,2c
r
VE(fea: of oxide content an mechanical properties of sid-
tered Joint of two Mdal-pnwdemOW. Rutkowski (last.
-Alet'lli. NiezelImycb., .-Gliwi-re, , NMMZT-7race JZS-.
Ifianic-ych 11, :177-81(1950).-The effect of 0 added as
Clio tI;'Cu powdvr. lIrlOs to Fe powder, and W% to W paw-
(ter (in (lie sinteriag of these utetaLi and the properties of
trimsitinii laycra hi the 2-compnneat specimens, I put of
which vas siutered in Cu the other in W or Fe, were rxamd-
'Me oxides were admitted in the amt. of 2, 4, 8, and 18 wt.
and the were pre&,wd at 5 tons/sq. cm., fo)-
lowedbysisite .* ~g in 11 at ICX)O* for20,120,220, or3W min.
'I'lie aticroliaritimsi and c1ce. rLsistivity of the transition
zone were inewitired, aud bending strength of the specimens
aud d. of either part were detd. Theoptimum properties of
sintered metals were found an relatively small addils. of
oxides: Clio 4%, rc~O. 2-4%, and IVOs 2-4%; however,
the crect wu--; interrelated with sintering time. The best
L, pri)[witles in the transition znne were found In specimens of
tlieiyiteiiiCti+4%CuO-Fe+4%Fe.C6. Theimprove.
V mentn the quality of samples was explained by the strong
activity of a freshly retluced surface. W. Tomaszckvk=.

P/039/60/0 00/012/002/002
A221/AO26
A*JTI-OF~ Rutkowski, Wladyslaw,.Doctor of Engineering,.Docent
- -----------
TITLE, The Role of Heat Expansibility In the Lubrication Process of Sin-
terad Bearings
~PERIODICALI. Hutnik, 1960, No. 12, pp. 472 476
OCT
T Ur In this article the author explains the selflubrication principle of
bearings made of eintered metallic powders. Bearings, after being sintered, are
Soaked in proper hot oil, which fills all pores between the grains of sintered
metallic powder. It is known that while the machine fitted wJth selflubricating
bearings is in motion, the oil flows out and lubricates the shaft; on the other
hand, when the machine stops or is at rest, the oil is drawn back into the bearing.
In order to explain this phenomenon, the author established that there are only
_'17e possible patterns, in which the grains, assuming they are perfectly round, can
settle against each other. Knowing the pattern he calculated the free space be-
tween the grains. These five patterns are: a) cubic, b) ortho-rombic, c) spatially
d) tetragonal and e) rhombohedral. Maximum porosity corresponds to the
f irs~; - and miniarum porosity to the last pattern. However, no orderly and uniform
pa-Itern is obtained while filling the mold with metallic powder, because it- settles
Ca-d 1/3

P/039/60/000/012/002/002
A221/AO26
The Role of Heat Expansibility in the Lubricazion Process of Sintered Bearings
ai- -random. In order to find out the average pattern and consequently the average
poroslty~ the author carried out 1,000 experiments by filling a glass cube with
accuratlely calibrated shot. By this way he found that the average porosity takes
31-51% of the total space., It is obvious that with increasing temperature of the
bearing all grains expand and simultaneously -the free space between them Increases,
too. Assuming temperature increases from 20 to 600C and taking into consideration
the expansion coefficient of the alloy of which the prder Is made, which is 15 x
r 10-6, the volume of pores will increase to 18 x 10- of the initial volume. Flow-
Ever, because -the expansion coefficient of oil is greater, being 0.0007 CM3/oC,
fhe oll will attair- the volume 28 x 10-3 of the initial volume and therefore it
flowE out of the pores. Another aspecz of t his reasoning is the external pressure
-,-xer,-.ed on the bearing by its outer casing. Because of the confined space, the ex-
?~Lnding grains of metallic powder exert some pressure against each other and sus-
..ain gome deformation which causes shrinkage of pores. ~In this case again the oil
weLich expands is pressed out of the pores. Lateron, the bearing ccols down either
because of reduced friction caused by lubrication or due to turning off the macltne,
'the grains revert -,o their original shape and the oil is sucked back. There are
6 Photoz~ 3 figure3, 1 table and 16 references: 12 Polish and 3 English and I
Card 2/3

P/039/60/000/012/OOP-/002
A22IIA026
-The Role of Heat Expansibility in the Lubrication Process of Sintered Bearings
German.
ASSOCIATTON- AGH - Krak~w, Zakl:ad Metalurgii Proszk6w (AGH-Cracow., Powder
Metallurgy Department)
Car-i 3/3

3/137/62/000/001/046/237
A060/A101
AUTHOR: Rutkows1d, Wladys-Yaw
T=.- Recrystallization of sintered silver under addition of insoluble
impurities
PERIODICAL: Referativnyy zhurnal, Metallurgiya, no. 1, 1962,'37, abstract IG275
("Arch. hutn.11, 1961, 6,. no. 2, 109 - 135 [Polish; Russian, English
summaries])
TE(T: The effect of W upon the process of Ag recrystallization was studied.
W w4s being iiRtroduced by the methods of powder metallurgy. At a W content up to
no effect of the W upon the recrystallization was observed, Th!~re are 19 ref-
erences.
0. Padalko
[Abstracter's note: Complete translation]
Card 1/1

MALINOWSKIY Jerzy; RU'170WSKI, Wladyslaw SUMMAK, Swietlana
Indirect methods in flame analysis. Pt. 2. Chem anal 6 no.2:173-176
161. :.(EEAI 10:9)
1. Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Nuclear Research,
Polish AoaLdemy or Sciences, Warsaw. Head of Department: Prof. dr.
J. 14incze;jski.
(Flame photometry) (Spectrophotometry) (Calcium)
(strontium)
MEW

FUTKOWSKI. Wladyslaw; MAILINOWKI) Jerzy
Determination of lithium, sodium, potassium in nickel oxide
with the use of flam. photometry. Chem anal 6 no.6:1065-1069
161.
1. Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Miclear
Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw. Head of the
Department: prof. dr. J. Minczewski.

S/137/62/000/005/056/150
A006/A101
AUTH-ORS: RuWwski, W., Szymanski, J.
TITLE: Measuring the specific surface of metal powders
PERIODICAL: Referativnyy zhurnal, Metallurgiya, no. 5, 1962, 311, abstract 5G222
("Rudy i metale niezel", 1961, v. 6, no. 8, 338-34o, Polish;
Russian, English, French and German summaries)
TEXT: A description is given of a method and equipment.to measure the
surface from low-temperature adsorption of N vapors with the aid of the Brunauer-1
Eminet-Teller equation. It is shown by the example of vortex Fe-powder that the
specific surface is a linear function of the magnitude of powder particles. Low-
temperature oxidation of Fe- and Cu powders at 3000C leads to an increase of the
specific surface by more than twice.
R. Andriyevskiy
[Abstracter's note: Complete translation]
Card 1/1

AUTHOR: Rutkowski, W.
S/13 7/62/000/006/075/163
A0521AI01
TITLE: The effect of oxides when sintering metal powders
PFRIODICAL: Referativnyy zhurnal, Metallurgiya, no. 6, 1962, 33 - 34, abstract
6G258 ("Neue Otte", v. 6, no. 12, 1961, 788 - 790, German)
TIM- The effec -t of 0 on the properties of sintered Fe and Cu powders was
investigated. Metal samples were produced both from oxidized powders and by
adding ready oxides to the initial Fe and. Cu powders. The 0 content was varied
from I to 1.6% for Fe and from 0 to 0.6% for Cu. The effect of the 0 content on
the density and mechanical properties Hv and qu of samples was studied. Curves
representing the corresponding dependences are given. It is established that
there is an optimum of properties at a certain 0 content which corresponds to
2 - 4% Fe203 for Fe and 4% CuO for Cu. It is shown that both methods of intro-
ducing 0 have the same effect on the properties of metals and on the sintering
fe
process (in reducing atmosphere). This fact indicates that the favorable ef ect
of oxides is connected not only with their reduction in the process of sintering,
Card 1/2

S/137/6Z/000/006/075/163
The effect of oxides when sintering metal powders A05P_1AIOI
but also with the secogdary oxidizing reactions of the products of oxide reduc-
tion, which leads to the formation of highly active pure metallic surfaces (con-
tacts) promoting sintering. At a low 0 content a longer sintering time is needed
to reaoh the same results as at a higher 0 content; this is explained by the
effect of water vafor.
I. Brokhin
[Abstracter's note: Complete translation]

P/O
,-39/61/000/007-8/001/001
DOOl/DlOl,
AUTHORS: Rutkowski W Docent, Doctor of Engineering, and
-iai!FN~;ie Master of Engineering
TITLE: Determination of electrochemical potential changes as
means of sintering process investigation
2Y -
PERIODICAL: Hutnik, no* 7-8, 1961, 274-280
.TEXT: In this article the authors present the results of their
investigations concerning the practical,control of the powder sinter-
ing process. The purpose of this research was to design an. appara-
tus for controlling the powder sintering process by means of measur-
ing the electrochemical potential of sinters as based on. the B.
BOvarnick publication "Study of Sintering Carbonyl Iron by Electro-
chemical Potential". The aim of this work was to restrict the sin-
tering phenomena to the formation of links between powder grains by
means of pressure, temperature-and time. According to the Gibbs-
Helmholtz formula, there is a linear relation between free energy
and the electrochemical potential, thereforeq the latter can be
Card 1/4

P/039/61/000/007-8/001/001
Determination of electrochemical... DOOl/DlOJ
used for controlling the progress of sintering, The authors' study
was divided into two parts; at first the electrochemical potential
of compressed samples with the density of 4.0 - 6.0 g/cm3 and sam-
ples compressed. and sintered for 1, 2, 4 and 8 hours was measured.
This was follored by checking the density and microstructure of
samples. The samples, 20 of them, were made of carbonyl iron powder,
compressed by 5.4, 7.2, 10.8, 14.4, 16.2 and 18 t pressure and form-
ed into 7 x 5 x 30 mm blocks. 16 of them were sinterecL and- the
remaining 4 were examined in the raw state. The sinteging was carri-
ed out in a protective atmosphere of hydrogen at 1,000 C. The only
variable parameter of.the sintering process was the time whizh was
selected as 1. 29 4 and 8 hours, respectively. Each sample in turn
was connected with a calomel electrode and the EMF of the thus form-
ed element was measured. The system was standardized by means of a
Weston dell. The electrodes were kept in a nitrogen protective
atmospherei the air from the cell being removed by a vacuum pump.
.Each test was repeated 3 times with practically identical results.
The measured potentials were influenced by samples' density and
Card 2/4

P/039/61/00 0/007-8/001/001
Determination of electrochemical... DOOl/DlO1
sintering time, For samples si-atered for 1 hour, the potential
varied according to density from 571.5 to 566.0 mV. For samples
sintered for 2 hours it varied from 569.15 to.560.2 mVi for samples
sintered four hours the corresponding figures were 560.0 to 544.2
.mV, and for samples sintered eight hours they were 532.0 to 527.0
mV, When, subsequently, the densities of.samples were checked, it
was found that the density curve rises steeply for samples sintered
for shorter times, while for longer sintered ones the density curve
falls. On examination of the samples' microstructure it was es-ta-
blished that longer sintering time causes an increase of grain size
and reduction of inter-grain pores. The authors arrived at the
following conclusions: The measurement of electrochemical potential
can be successfiUly applied for sintering control; this method is
sensitive to variable parameters of sintering process, in particular,
to sintering tire; electrochemical potential measuring results are
in agreement with subsequent density and microstructure check exa-
minationt the measurement results are reproducible within an
approximate 4% accuracy, There are 9 photos, 2 tables, 1 figure,
Card 3/4

P/039/61/000/007-8/001/001
Determination of electrochemical... D001/D101
2 graphs, 6 Soviet-bloc and 5 non-Soviet-bloc references. The four
most recent references to English-language publications read as
follows: Bovarnick, "Study of Sintering of Carbonyl Iron by Electro-
chemical Potentiallf, Planseeberichte fuer Pulvermetallurgie ver-
einigt mit Powder Metallurgie Biulletin, August 1959, no. 2.;
Goetzel, C. G. 11ilatals a, Alloys, 12, 1940, Book-ris, Herringshaw.
Disc. Far. boo. 6, 1947; Latimer, "The Oxidation States of the Ele-
ts and Their :Potentials in Aqueous Solutions" New York, 1938,
rffAnbstracter's no-7.e: The name Bovarnick is spelled in two different
ways.3-

S/226162f 000/00110141014
1003/1201
Author- Rutkovsky, V.
Title.- THE DEVELOPMENT OF POWDER METALLURGY IN POLAND.
Periodical: Porosh,'Voraya inerallurgiya, no. 1(7.), 1962. 93-96
Text: Before World War If the industrial output of metal powders in Poland was small and dependent on
supplies of raw rnate.-ials from abroad. The rapid post-war development of industry in Poland gave a great
boost to powder metallurgy. and despite numerous difficulties stemming from a severe lack of equipment and
'know-bow, Poland Pas today several plants producing a relatively wide range of metal powders of which
the chief producer is the "Baildon" plant in Katowice. There is a photo of the Dept. of Powder Metallurgy
in the Glivits Institute of Metallurgy.
Association: Gornaya i metallurgicheskaya Akademiya, g. Krakov (Mining and Metallurgical Academy,
Kracow).
Submitied: July 22. 1961
Card 1/1
7-- T_

MINCZEWSKI, Jerzy; RUTKOWSKI, Wjadyslaw
.Fluorometric determination of trace content of beryllium in silicates
by means of morin. Pt. 1. Chem anal 7 no.6:1107-1118 '62.
1. Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Nuclear Research,
Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw.
loft

RUTKUSKI, W., doc. dr inz,,; RUTKGWSKA, H,,, mgr inz.1 HAMLIK, J.., mgr i4z*
Certain physical properties of sintered iron of partiaularly
large fe:,rite grains obtained by adding phhoai-horus. Hutnik P
29 no,6t213-218 Je 362,

BASINSKA, Maria; RUTKOWSKI Wladyslaw
Comparison of distillation and extraction methods of
separating trace amounts of germanium; application for
the determination of germanium in minerals and coal.
Chem anal 8 no.3:353-360 163.
1. Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Nuclear
Ilesea-.7ch, I.-Tarsaw.

RUTKOWSKI 141ad,rslaw
FluorometriIc determination of trace quantities of beryllium
in silicate minerals with morin. Ft.2, Chem anal 8 n0.3:
389-394, 163.

RUTKOWSKIJ Wladyslawp doe. dr inzo; KCKJAISKI, Jan, doe. mgr inz.jo
'Kbft6f"AWdy'SlaWj iTIZ-
p
Certain conditions conne cted vith obtaining iron p;~dero
Rucly I metale 8 no.6-.210-213 je 163.

RUTKOWSKI, Madyslav., doc. dr. inz.
Development prospects for powder metallurgy. Rudy iImetals 8 1 1
no.9:335-337 S1163.

ZMSSI(X WRI 4W60 )0/000/01"
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metal-lurgy; coLlentica of scientific papers)* Bratislava, Vyd-vo SAVp 19G4p
1,53-16X
t-.-o4dait b
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Qu qUe
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existing-jb~seo. These tf , :'
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cussed in dotall :r(w fte mot&I-mdde ainterW-o4itm

, ,-, - '_ i -"7, _' - 10-.~VM ji-ld
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the cbq~ 'contew~ depeu~Ls Icu- the Ismatiost., At''
aintering takes ljmger. - By intraluoUg -06 . Urge q*4itr
be significantly i weelersted. 3. The - percent%e of aUge content im. of- greal~
importance. 4. ThLs optimm content Is lait but deVande M thIS M5+AI U*MAC
5. The effect of wddes aale& to the pm-der mixtuM em be ccmpxed to tbAt of
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ACCESSION NRz AP4013320 P/0046/64/004/001/004710055
AUTHOR; Gsuk, Wies2mr,; Kamiewktp Erwin (Kamentski, E.);-Rutkowsk:L.-W2.adtrs;w,. I
(Ratkovski. V.)
TITLEs Control rods irith sintered boron carbide for the "Annad zero power
level reactor
SOURCE: Nukleonika, ire 4o no# lo 1964o 47-55
TOPIC TAGS: reacotr, Polish "Anna" reactor, boron-carbon Mteme reactor
control, metal boride. reactor control material, boron carbidep reactor
control rod, zero powor level reactor
ABSTRACT: Primary* purpose of work was an attempt to densify boron carbide
powder to a 93% minimain and to shape rode cores. Further studies dealt with
grinding of the shaped pieces, surface finish of this aluminum tubes which were I
to hold the boron carbide. and with welding of the and caps closing the tubes@
Densification tests included hot and cold moulding of pure boron carbide and
with admixtims. Ind1vidual powders as well as their blends with various
7,
C.rd 11

ACCESSION NR: AP4015320
lubricants were cold mouled under a pressure of 5 to 20 tons/cm2. Stearie acid
turned out to be the best lubricant. The highest attained density in the
pressed tablets was 60% of theoretical density. Hot moulding was one in an
apparatus consisting of three basic parts; a 50 kilovolt amp transformer. a
2500 C Tammann furnaces; and instrumontation. The transformer can be powered
by a 220 or 380 volt circuit. Hot moulding tests of B4C pouders were intended
for determin' the lowest moulding temperature and pressure which are required
for producing core shapes with-a density of 2.4 to 2-5 9/cm3- Shaped core
pieces with a height up to 100 mm had an average density of 2.0 to 2.3 g./
depending upon height, when moulded at 2000C under a pressure of.200 kg1;e.-
The density of the shapes whose height was not above that of the average was
full homogeneous and a3xwst that of the theoretical densitye Based on test
findings, the core.shapes are produced by weighing out powder blends of
- 800, and 1200 grmin size;- wet grinding with addition of stearic acid and
6006
benzenet drying or granulation and drying; co2d mou.2ding under a pressure of
tons/*A iranaterelma the mau2ded tables ta'grapUte diaol hot mouUing
C"d

ACCESSION NRsAP4015320
from 1700 to 2100C under a pressure of lO0-200kg/cm2j removal of the shaped
pieces from tho graphite die; oleaning and grinding; washing# drying and
density determination. Those pieces whose densities were within the proscribed
limits and whose sizes, were within the tolerance limits were used as tho
control rod cores. Thono wore then oncapsuled in aluminum tubes which wero
then closed by we2ding end caps onto them. "Authors wish to thank Haste of
Eng. E. Mizerza as well as He Pronaszka and C. Wozniak for their participation
In producing the control rods," Orig. art, bast 2 figures.
ASSOCIATIONt Instytat Badan Jadrowych. Zaklad Pa3.iw Jadrowych i Materialow
Konstrukcyjnych, Warsaw-Swierk(Ifistitute 6f Nuclear Ressarchp Department.of
Nuclear Fuel&,and Construotiofi'Haterials)
31Y 3

RUTKaWSKI, Wlad slaw.. doc.dr inz.; GYUNCZYK, Aleksander, mgr inz.
Dispersion hardenad sintered mat erials.. Hutnik P 31 no.V2t
16-21 A,4164
1. School of Mining and Matallurgyp Krakow.

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1931. In the Prcpn. fit arinnaintic acid by heatins a inist of Hill, AcOl wid anhyd. at. -00
kall aftEstir, tlwm is aid-led alkali cartKinaite in ankatint rw lq~ than the onwmt ad 0. 04
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ZARVA, V. , , M6TYN I, V. , D~Tyl
Radio -Interference
R
The struggle a_Fainst LnLerference. Radio, 29, No. 3, 1952.
Monthly List of Russian Accessions, Ltbraryl6f Congress,,June 1952., Unclassified.

1. SOSYKIN, lluqr,(OZSKI-f T.I.
2. USSR (6oo)
'dater 3alance of forest Soils State teimber and Paper Industry Press, Moscow
lening-rad, 19118, 32 pages.
Metenrolorlya i Gidrnloplya, no-3, lQlq.'~ Rerort U-2551, 30 Oct 52

Dan It v XP C At Ala wage
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U141. "a problem of PrWwh* Isliflity alumbows n4hictorim from diastis" normiraic
--YA. A. Ontovsk Y and 0. S. RurmA." 0 Resvory, 16, 433. 193 1), McIracton" %vc
froje rMin ji4spore con6criftill"Obtaii2by flotation. The concentrate 1% a finely
dispctwd "faterial containing >70*1. A40), and haA it refraLtotiness or I SSW C mid
ct 31 &!in[. WtttcJ concentrates can be easily pmwJ into %Mau sw-G~" The
0 ";ihritik&gctvfthtcotwvntmteitiew. With increalfogfiring(enip. The bulk density
i's slightly 11-awd. PO"%RY Mdumd and the mechanical strength considerably fit.
creases, 'm tirrd hod consists pt,"onaniv or cmunslum bonded with muillis
#ad a "Il aniount of= . FApis. were inadc with the addition of 2 tyM of 116
so hond-, the firing shrinliago mvialned low; the porosity decreased witrhan
d i1k)n of.'0-3.1 %plastic chly and *fib Incivatfill; firing temp. With V. clay added
the nr(ractivrinvas urAkr load was 1,AM*C and the tmp. at %thi6h 4,". subai&"
I)CCurrvd Varied belwtvn 1630, and 1.710* C. Via (101"Ing data Air Sinn on the
manufacturing process finally established. Pan or the nutcriai (a vnistuiv orctay am,,
concentrate) is fired I- The amount of grog with a < 3 nim. grain Is 30 -50
depending the p1mW!" sr the clay und &M the sim of the *am Concentrate;M
fmrasball i linod with quarU and $round for 2 hr. Thearnounfol'ckw -
M-d by the desired A40., corittut in the Product. A part of such sround
=
nuitcliai Isfiredias bfiquetwainis rotary kiln at IA.%O'C -The water abacMion of
is ~ 3 %. The grog 6 ground In jaw and haminer crtishcrit. vilasneted and sint:4.
PO and the ball mill product of thg saffw camp. aiv then mined in on ed a runner
. if
"t the nwisfuretmivni bcir~ 6-7~; Tbv tiring Is carried out lait perio-joc killn at
1 1
C. with a soaking finic o 30hr,
1,4 TM final products with 5SV'Al4)j and 106%
ha%e an apparent o"mity or 18 6-221,_1 bulk density 2.i9-l,%'4 Oil, crushing
14 ih 14AM - 14.7W IM. in.. rartworincss unJ*r k,*4: besknninf or softeninst,
1.527 C.. 4-V . 1.1midetivii. IJOIV C_; and 40;; suW%lemv, 1,650'C. V fatks.)

Grog brith for furmulce cr*wm. D. S. Rutman. Ogmem-
,pO,YI3.fi9---,,3fl9481: Ckem./ext,.1049r.-449---C6-mgatvI
grog brick are recornmended. A mix of k1% grog and M%
Imll clAy, burned ut VOW. withstands URNP. ham a porosity
-,f 18% nd && torch. %trength of 2W kg joq. cra. The
tompn i%: !W)~61.4, AIO~ iF TO:14 67.and FrjO~ 1.2.1%
M. G. Nforjrr

7--arl"
IF -'%A -1
fe A-'
0
0
:0 1
0 A 04
0 9
:
00 .1
to:
O'~'

r7
IQ&-8
14 3
1940
).-
,
(
'
ti
i
R
ieuma
c ramm
ng.
aw materials
l
and 2 anji
of '"SiOe
S5I2
(k5 53
AIA + TK)~ 3.1 371M
47; Fe
20
()~ 1

ix grag j 25%6(04-:-j:&-mmffm---
W.-and -4-f .VW. waiW.-aid
fuldt"- C
dl= li
uo
f
)

.
.
.
.
.
v
.
I -ZI; nad ignition Il"S 9.79, 9.12 '10; and (b) Bavartm
r
.
ora
q
n compla. of
is was 0-3- 1 -8 mm. 25, OA".0M mm. 37z VW in
~nd
= anaiyAnL!Ir% + 710138.02, SiCh 43,14, FeA 2.00, J
A I
nition 11
The
L
d
i
5%
l
3
3
6 fi"a than O-OMS mm. 37.3%, Mobtum fit tk n
V~
Two W
i
f bl .
ix wa,,
-
.
.
c
sy was
r
ci
to
.
g
%
moisture &M ground to pass a I -cnm. siew
with not less .
r
tes o
ocks wvre made: (1) Blocks w"*
dried for 3 weeks at 2D* and drtd at 1270%
,
than 30% passing a 0.5-mm. sieve. Greg was made from They wtm
F-4 from cracks and the structure was den ; Tol
wt
vras
10,11il

larapdayorhon bri(pwtsfircdIstl3(I)sodl38O*. Water*
absor
tion of
ro
was not over 5%
i
f .
.
2.19-2.21 g./cc., open poroity 12.2-12. and .01. -
PressiOn limit 733 k
/ l
n COM o
; gra
g
p
g g.
cm. (2) G
oq t. f, Whick
ground grog was 5-2 ttim. 40%. ".54 mm. 2 L I I .. .1, -
f
No
fiswranein 044 mm. 25%. Charge consisted of %
6-12%clay. Mix was prqW. in 3-stagcaddns..-~ I
were f" from cracks. were dried for 7 days u
covers and then fired at 1280'. Alta Aftg
' of the
CoRrIc fraction of IVW with 2/3 of slip. (2) fine frAc. .
blocks had cracks; structure was dense, vol. wt.
2A

[Jodi of " with reminder of slip, and (3) dry
day.
SAlp was made from 25%, binding clay waler Uquid gL%u i--
S C./ce., Open porodly lo.7-1 1 .901" ind comprValm
limit M kg.119. cm. z vvunicb

and 1.3% sulfite ~quor by wt. W tb h.
-cellulose Ii ' = c rge. ~
.
Moisture of the mix 1%& 4."%. Blocks . fired at
1320'
Cha
wte
tic
i
f th
bl
k
AI
.
s
r
s
s o
e
oc
s were:
A +
TiOl 33.46%. SiOv (SIA15%. Fft0v I.M%. Cao 1.11%,
refractoriness 1700% reheat shrinkage at 1400'OA-0.1i~'
Tot. wt. 2JY2-2.12 g./o%,apparent porosity t3-18%,COM-.
pressivc strength Mj~,= kg./sq. cm. -jvo Impro_ the
qmlity of the blocks, the chArge was fixed as 23% clay
anti 751 CM and bailt on, ground together in a hall
mill. At mix for rimming Was prepd. trom cUy-zmi
I L A AdIALUMOCAL L"INATIONI CLAIMPICATION
oom li'mall- x"M v"Anv r
U Is AT 10 F I jVWaL-'j;:'-" L S a ad a M 0 1 N a 9 A3 41 2
a a 99
'S's :1"v 0 la 0 0 0 OL19 0 lip 00 0 0 016'0 0146 0 0 0 0 0 0
ODTA:::0 00 0 0 0,09 0 0 0 0.0 0 0:0.0#10-0 0:010100 ..0. 9' W-0, 0,40 "V

RUTKAN, A.P.
Selecting the coal mixture for coking. Soob. DV7AN SSSH no.7:6-11
'55. (KI2A 10:4)
1. DallneTa4tochm7 filial im. V. T4 Komarova AN SSSR.
(Coke)

S/124/63/000/001/005/080
D234/D308
"h. And LS'erryeycv,
-,y,-Lpari~;on of -indJL-i:-ect methods
of analysis of auto-
control systems on the basis of I.A. VYshne-
-hur- no. 1 1963, 18,
-,.)~;tract I.',Z..1-7 (Tr. C',ms1rogo mashinostroit. in-ta,
1.).59, no. 3, :53-47)
Yor cfioice crf o-ptimum i)armeters of a syster.1
Q ular
0 co-i-Lt-ro-L, ".-letho(Is ap-Aied which becom widely pop
cf tho quality o-,` lk.-ranoicnt process: the
* L of raoLs, criteria and the mcthod of choice
* Jf babc6 on the deviations. The results ob-
Lain-6 are coumared with i:Cic o' direct nuz,,erical computation.
1'r, tIli's u- .-)robleln is used for verifying the
Y
indi-met, methow-, r,~L- au~,I-i,-v Comparison shows that all
(-,lethad.,; UIC rcnerul tcud .cacn, in the position of the zone of
Card 1/2

:"/1-24/"63/000/001/005/080
D234/D308
ziccuracy. The lax-rest inaccuracy
a ol~ Hvi olf root distribution which uses- -
Ufle nO-C3.0- Of`

i'
bsLractev

llo'b2 rO !'erezicc s.

-L-ion
L
~
M

.89691
5/131/61/000/003/001/C0'
B105/B2o6
IL
AUTHORS: Vinogradova, L.LV., Makarova, T. S., Rutman D. S.,
Poluboyarinov, D. N., Popillskiy, R. Ya., Serova, G. A.
TITLE: Manufacture of sintered ceramics from magnesium oxide
PERIODICAL: Ogneupory, no. 3, 1961, 123-124
,TEXT: This article describes the process of manufacturing thin-walled,
sintered crucibles and shield tubes for thermocouples from-magnesium
oxide. This process was elaborated at the Podol'skiy zavod ogneupornykh
izdeliy (Podol'sk Plant for Refractories) jointly with the kafedra V\
keramiki (Department of Ceramics) of the Khimiko-tekhnologicheskiy
institut im. Mendeleyeva (Institute of 'Chemical Technology imeni
Mendeleyev). The crucibles are intended for metal smelting. The initial
material was commercial magnesium oxide with a content of -98% MgO,
the preparation of which (firing temperature and mode of crushing) was
worked out according to previous studies. Commercial magnesium in powdery
form is first fired in molds at 13000C and then finely ground in a
vibrating mill by means of steel balls.. The polder* was plasticized by
Card 1/3

.89691
Manufacture of sintered ceramics S/131/61/000/003/001/001
B105/B2o6
means of paraffin with an addition of oleic acid. The shaping of
crucibles and shield tubes for thermocouples from magnesium oxide by the
"freezing-on" method permits the manufacture of products with a wall
thickness of 5-0.3 mm. After partial burning out of the paraffin at a
temperature of about 2000C, the products were fired in a regenerative
medium (H ) at 17000C in an~electric furnace with a molybdenum coil.
2
The firing time was 5 to 6 hr (2 hr in the high-temperature zone). After
sintering the average weight by volume of the products was 3.36 to
3.38 g/cm~, and their apparent porosity 0 to 0.4%; the white products
showed good translucence. Pyrometric ceramics produced from magnesium
oxide in the form of shield tubes for thermocouples and capillary tubes,
permits temperature measurement up to more than 20000C. The relatively
simple process permits the manufacture of products for use at high
.temperatures, the waste being very small. There are 1 figure and 1
Sovier-bloc reference.
Card 2/3

89691
Manufac-..u-e of sintere-J ceramics 5/131/61/000/00,z~/10011/-Jol
B105/B206
ASSOCTATION: Pcdol'skiy zavod ogneupornykh izdeliy (Podol'sk Plant for
Refractories) Vinogradova, L. V., Makarova, T. S., Rutman,
D. S.; Khimiko-tekhnologicheskiy institut im.
Mendeleyeva (Institute of Chemical Technology imeni
Mendeleyev) Poluboyarinov, D. N., Popillskiy, R. Ya.,
~erova, G. A.
Card 3/3

ACC NR, AT603692-5 SOURCE CODE: UR/OC)OO/66/000/GOO/0021/0039
AUTHORS: Rutman, D. S.; Vinogradova, L. V.; Rulcarova, T. So
ORG: none
TITLE: Advancements in the technology of pure oxide ceramics underindustrial
conditions
SOURCE: Nauchno-teldinicheskoye obshches-tvo chern6y metallurgii. Moskovskoye
pravlaniyo. Vysolcooeneupornyye matorialy (Iligh refractory materials). Eoscow, Izd-vo
Metallurgiya, 21-39
TOPIC TAGS: oxide ceramicY refractory oxide, corundum refractory, ma;:-nesium. oxide,
refractory product
ABSTRACT: Fundamentals of the industrial technology of ceramic products made of
pure oxides are presented. The developments in aluminum, magnesium, and zirconium
oxide product technology, described by D. S. Rutman and L. V. Vinogradova (Trudy
NTO ChM., t. 27, 1961p W-147) and 1). S. Rutman ftid Ye. R. Skuye (Issledovaniye v
oblasti g1tfbinnykh protsessov. Izd. jUl SSSR, 1962' 228--238), at the Podolsk Plant
of Refractory Products are s=iarized, and further advancements in those fields are
reported. Practical production methods for -)-undum articles with maximum durability~
and minimal flaws attainable at optimal firing temperature., and methods for chemical ~i-

ACC NR:
AT6036925
enrichment and strengthening of water-based castings are described. Possible means
for producing zirconium dioxide articles without prior stabilization of the material,I.
conditio= for the stabilization process, and the effect of the raw zirconium diox-
ide quality upon the production technology and properties of the products are dis-
cussed. Production of magnesium oxide articles has been investigated for the possi-
1. bilities of-I-La.O dispersion without subsequent chemical enrichment2 and the conditions,
for molding the products.by using aqueous suspensions with minimal hydration are
described. Mass production of refractory ceramic products such as crucibles, pipeS2
pyrometric equipment, etc is explained. Orig. art. has: 7 tables.
SUB CODE: U/ SUBM DATE: 02Nov65/ ORIG W: 020/ OTH REF: 002
7
-Carcl-2/2

ACC NRi AT6036928 SOURCE CODE: UR/0000/66/000/000/0063/00n
AUTHORS: Rutman, D. S.; Yudina, A. S.; Malikovaj, T. V.
.ORG; none
TITLE: The problem of optimum manufacturing parameters for the manufacture of
denseffl mullito-corundum refractories
SOURCE: Nauchno-toldinichoskoye obshchostvo chernoy motallurgii. Moakovskoye
pravleniye. Vysokoogneupornyye materialy (Highly refractory materials). Moscoir Izd-~
Y
vo Metallurgiya, 1966, 63-71
TOPIC TAGSs clay refractory product, refractory product, fire clay
ABSTIM11M The effects of degree of alumina pulverization, the clay composition,
the proportion of clay to alumina, and the firing temperature on the properties of
fire clay were investigated.. This investigation supplements the results of D. S.
Rutman and L. V. Vinogradova. (Ogneupory, 1954, No. 3, 105-113). Fire clay specimens
:were prepared from different initial alumina-clay fractions, extending from 90 to
30% alumina, and were fired at three different temperatures-1330, WOy and 1520C.".,
,The apparent porosity, shrinkage, homogeneity, and water-carrying capacity of the
specimens were determined. The experimental results are-aummarized in graphs and
tables (see Fig. 1). It was found that beat results were obtained for a ratio of
90% fire clay, particle size < 0.09 m., and 10% clay:(80% alumina + 20% clay),
ard 1/2
----------A

. I
--l
I "~ 3 _ -
.

%~,_ 2--
m

I I-,
-

- I -. - I-. I- -. I .".

AFLE- NKg
5UMUL (;Q!)6: U1WUWU/bb/UW/UW/U072/00b1-
AUTHORS: Rutman, 0. S.; Vinogradova,, L.' V.; Makarova, T. S.
ORG: none
TITLE-- High-tomperature protective cornic sheatl-dng for thermocouples
SOU,~CE: Nauchno-tekhnicheskoye obslictiostvo chernoy 'metallurgii. Moskovskoye
pravlaniye. Vysokoo--neupornyye materialy (Highly refractory materials). Moscow, izd-
vo Notallurgiya, 1966, 72-81
TOPIC TAGS: refractory product, refractory oxide, refractory coating, thermocouple
ABSTRACT: This paper is a short survey of the development and research work carriod
out since 1958 in the Podolsk Refractories Plant (Podollskiy zavod ogneupornZ~kh
izdeliy) with the aim of producing hig1i-tomperature protective sheathing for therima-
.couples. it is desired to manufacture: 1) protective thermocouple- (--j-
irdxture of alumina and metalloceramc additives; 2) protect.-JiLve
niu
made from alumina, zirco J a dioxide, and magnesium oxide; 3) protectiv,-, ~:~!-,;ic
sheathing for thermoelectric materials made from aluminum, and magnesiLl- The
chemical composition of the various ceramic materials and the mechanical staoa-LiTy
and electrical resistivity of the cerat-.uc sheati-Ling are shown in graphs and tables
(see Fig. 1). On the ba3is of the experimental results, ceramic high-teraperatiire
Card 1/2

ACC NR, AT6036929
0 0.
'Dependence of
Fig. 1.
10.

1:
S
. 0 ~0 0

. . .I .. . -, 0
0

tability of refractory
0
.7 end-caps for thorino-

H couples on the wall
_P thickness of caps.
0 Open circles, end-cap
jo
intact; shaded circles,

;L4 end-cap destroyed
0
IL,
042
46 L7,8 to _V_ 0 16 IA
wall thickness of end-cap
protective thermocouple sheaths are being mass-produced at the Podolsk Refractories
~?lant. Orig. art, has: 4 tables and 2 graphs.
SUB CODE: /3, (DL7 SUBM DATE: 02Nov65/ ORIG REF: 006

Card 2/2

ACC NRs AT6036936 SOURCE CODE: UR/0000/66/000/000/0
I AUTHORS: Rutman, Do So; Osintseva.9 0. Go'
ORG: none
TITLE; Technology,, properties, and means of improving the manufacture of electrical
silicon carbide heaters
SOURCE; Nauchno-tekhnicheskoye obshchestvo chernoy metallurgii. Moskovskoye
pravleniye. Vysokoogneupornyye materialy (Highly refractory materials). !MOSCOW.,
Izd-vo Metallurgiya, 1966, 159-177
TOPIC TAGS: silicon carbide., electric device, electric equipment
ABSTRACT- This paper is a review-of the properti es and present-day Sbviet methods
of manufacturing electrical silicon carbide heaters. The following topics are
discussed:* 1) physicochemical processes occurring during the thermal treatment of
silicon carbon heating elements; 2) methods developed to increase thedensity of
the elements; 3) influence of the quality of raw materials on the properties of
the heating elements; 4) obtaining elements with positive thermal resistance
coefficients; 5) facto.rs that affect the high-temperature stability of heating
elements; 6) improvements in the construction of heating elements. Each topic is
accompanied b3r pertinent graphs and tables taken from the literature (see Fig. 1).
Card 1/2

ACC NRs A'VbU_ibY_JO
71
Fig. 1. Change in the
electrical resistance
z
f large-grain heaters
0
with positive thermal
resistance coefficient
VES. Measurements in
(D., -rod furnace at
a six
130OC- I to 6 number
f rod
0
d saw W r3 f2tv W
BW
It is concluded that the research results obtained to date will.,, eventually, yield
better electrical heaters of improved stability for industrial applications. Orig.
art. has:, 10 tables and4 graphs.
S" CODE: 13 SUBM DATE: 02Nov65/ ORIG REF:- 007
C,,d 2 /2

T
j W":~71(n)/ EN )-2/'~ --Z R/ i*-;~.
2/;rdA Fd)I*Ep
L.-'."( tf) t Pa b-10/Fr-4/Pc- VP t -7/ru- 4 IJP(c) JD/Vd/JG/
Ull/0151/65/000/004/0042/0044
V.P.; llroln7 A.G. - V10%armr, A.F.; Y Vin
AUTHOR.
TITM Nature of the conductivity of M&O and alurnfrin
!10.- -44
SOURCE: 06-noupory, no 4 IM, 42
XI(h co-'rIuctivity, mngntMunPONIde, alumina, high temperature
TOPIC TAM: metal o
conductivity' atntored niLi d _RMO-oAdation, casting
_Zncda, hinterod corundum, liu-I
control
ADSMACT: To determine tho*naturo of the conductivity of the solid oxides bigo and
Al '01 at high kinperatures, u,~,o was made of sintered MgO and Bintored corundum which
acrM an elcctrolyto3 in the follmving galvanic concentration ceU: Fe-O-C MgO or A1,03
Fe-O-C saturated (aco Fig. I oE the Enclooure). WIM MgO no the solid electrolyte, We
mcaourementa were made at ItOOC; at thin temperature the fraction of n-typo conductivity
was found to be VDIY370. 71110 COTIdUCUVAY Of Mffo In therefore almost entirely ionic. In
the cane of A17.03, Iti condueUvity was " D% n-typo at IGGOC and 24% a-type at 1060C.
On the basis of the gnivanto concentration call thus tested, a sensing device w" oonstructed ---i
Card 1/3--

L 51075-65
ACCESJIOfT fill: APS010417
for determinin7. the o~101zibility of a lirptAft me!n-l In the course of molting, discharge,
and cnqtlnf
g. Detori~lna loci o(dio activity (content) of oxygen in a molt offers extensive
pronpects for ilia control of industrial proevinen and makes It possible to exert a
conaldorablo Influence on ilia quality of ilia inctal, which dependa Bubetantiftuy an the
oxygen content. OrIg. art. has: 1 figure, I table, and 6 formulas.
ASSOCIATIO' N: (Luzen, Frolov, Vlsh;kvirov, Yavoysidy) Moskovoldy institut stall I
uplavov (,'vT;-,.n of M-cl rnd [Vinogradova, Rutinan) Podolleldy zavod
ognouporny'di lzdally Wodollr% 11c..'ractory Matoriala Plant)
SIMMITTED., 00 ENCD 01 -SUB COM blT, MU,
Ko nEr cov: 000 OMER: 003
Crd 2/3

I Ye, f
jrqxo-.~-J.-.~7 techro3c,-:r of articler. canting
fA frc):,i ater c-,,op.-nsiorc, G- -,.ory 26
no,T3C~'t
14! 7)
dr-Ii-,/ Cor '.~trn
2. ii-u
V
J
-'-C;l CIL.)

BORISOVSHIY, Ye.S.; RUTMAN, D.S.; MINIKOV, D.D.
Iiifrh-alumina inserts for the continuous casting of steel. Ogneu-
pory 27 no.2:59-63 '62. (YJRA 150)
1. Vse,-oyuznyy institut ogneuporov (for Borisovskiy). 2. Fodol'skiy
zavod ogneupornykh izdeliy (for Rutman, Min'kov).
(Continuous casting) (Refractory materials),

AUTHORS: Rutman, D.S., Vinogradova, L.V., Krasotin, K.A,t 131-12-4./9
MW kov, D.B.
TITLE: Ref motories in the Hands of the User (Ogneupory u potrebitelya).
Refractory Highly Alumincus Bricks for Ladles and Arresting Tubes
Made of a Substance Composed of Mullite and Corundum (Termostoykiy
vysokoglinozemistyy kovshevoy kirpioh i stopon*,3b trubki mullito-
korundovogo sostava)
PERIODICAL: Ogneupory, 1957, Nr 12, pp. 546-549 (USSR)
ABSTRACT: According to a working method developed sets of ladle bricks and
arresting tubes manufactured by the industry were tested in
practice. The durability of these bricks was found to be 50% greater
than that of ordinary fireclay bricks. Purthermore, the manufacture
and practical testing of a set of refractory, highly aluzidnous 3adle
bricks made of a mullite-corundum composition is described in detail,
in which steel of different malts was cast. In conclusion ii is
stated that:
i.) The ladles lined b;~ highly aluminous bricks are able to stand 18
melts instead of the average of 11.8 in the case of ordinary
Card 1/2 fireolay bricks, and that with these bricks no cracking or

131-12-4/9
Refractories in the Hands of the User. Refractory Highly Aluminous Bricks for
Ladles and Arresting Tubes Made of a Substance Ocimposed of Mullite and Corundum
shearing damage was found to occur.
2.) These bricks are highly,resistant against slag.
Some industrially produced sets of arresting tubes were also
manufactuied# which is described in detail. They were tested in
practice under the most difficult conditions (vacuum casting) and
showed highly satisfactory results. There are 5 Slavic references.
ASSOCIATICK: Podol'sk Plant for Refractories (Poaol'okiy zavod ovieuporov)
AMIABLE: Library of Congress
Card 212
IN
'.A

D.S.; POLUBOYARINOV, D.N.: VIMGRADOVA, L.V.; POPILISKIY, R.Ya.;
..6"O"'W'"MOV, D.7.
Production of corundum refractories at the Shcberbinka plant.
Ogneupory 19 no.4:237-238 154. (MIRk 11:9)
(Shcharbinka 04oscow Province)-Refractories industry)
(Corundum)

USSR/Chemical Technology. Chemical Prodiucts and their Application. J-12
Glass. Ce--anics. Building Ma-~,erial-=.
Abs Jour: Ref ere. a. - --Kh., 1-10 8, 1957, 27,695
3.0 mm) of cbamotte and 51% of fine grained (below 0.09 mm)
mixture of clay.and filler in crusher roll3- The moisture of
the pas. 41-e at preszing 13 5.2%, t~:-, prezsxr-- is about 2110 kg per
sq.cm, the burning temperature is 1500 to 15500, duration 24
hours. Product properties: Al.,0_3 + TiO.Lcontent - 77~, por-o-
sity - 15.4, volumetric. weight - 2-76 g per vab.cm, rompr
= 680 kg per sq. cm; temperature .of stait. of softening under
load = 152oc; 4o% of compresriori at 17500, additional shrinkage
at 17500 = 1.21%. The test of the refractory material at 1700
to 17500 in an intermittently working Pirnace and in a coal dust
fireplace of a boiler at 16000 showed that it possessed a good
stability under these conditions.
Card 2/2 -80-

VINOGRADdVA, L.V.1 MAKLROVA, POLUBOYUUNOV, D.N.;
POPILISKIY, R.Ya.; SEROVA, G.A.
Production of sinteted ceramic from magnesium oxide. Ogneupory 26
no.3:323-121, 161. (HIRA 14*,)
1. Polollskiy zavod,ogfieuporpykh lzdeUy (for Vinogradova, Makarova.,
Rutman). 2. Khimiko-tekhnologicheakiy institut im. Mendeleyeva
(for Pol'uboyarinov,, Popillskiy garovA).
(Sintering) tMagnesium oxide)

24739
S/131/61/000/007/001/003
B105/B206

AUTHORSt Rutman, D.S., Vinogradova, L.V., Makarova, T.S., Kalliga, G.P.,
_X 61b_a_s_o_v_a_,_V.A. , Shall nov, Ye. I.
V~
TITLEa Improvement of the technology of zirconium products for
casting from aqueous suspensions of the pre-stabilized ZrO 2
PERIODICALt Ogneupory, no. 7, 1961, 301-302
TEM Experiments are described here which were conducted at the Podollskiy
zavod ogneupornykh izdeliy (Podollsk Plant of Refractory Products) to in-
vestigate the possibility of avoiding the previous grinding oi zirconium
dioxide and, thus, shorten the technology of zirconium products. Industrial
zirconium dioxide with a content of 97.5% ZrO + Hfo and chemically pure
2 2
calcium carbonate' were used for the experiment. A mixture of qy~ ZrO 2
and 7% CaO was prepared. Briquets were pressed from it at a pressure of
500 kg/cm 2 and burned at temperaturesof 16000C and 170 OOC respectively.
The microscopic and X-ray structural analysis showed a stabilization
degree of 93-95% of Zr02 in the briquets. The effect of the pH of the
Card 113

24739
S/131/61/000/007/001/003
Improvement of the technology ... B105/B206
medium on the viscosity index of the crude zirconium mass was also tested.
The particles are characterized by high values of the t potential, which
cause the stability of the crude mass. With the parameters mentioned, an
3
experimental batch of crucibles with a content up to 300 cm was cast. The
characteristic values of the blanks and of the products burned for 9 hr
at 16000C are compared in the table with the characteristic values,for
previous grinding of ZrO2 and riming before stabilization. The duration
of the production cycle is shortened by about t6n days and grinding and
rinsing of ZrO2 previous to preparation for stabilization are omitted. The
use of stabilized ZrO2 without previous grinding showed that the sintering
ability of the material was slightly improved. There are 1 f igure and I
table.
ASSOCIATIONt Podollskiy zavodIogneupornykh.izdeliy (Podellsk Plant of
Refractory Products) D.S. Rutman, L.7. Vinogradova, T.S.
M-alra-ro-va; Khim-iko-tekhnologichesk-4y inatitut i-;=. Mendeleyeva
(Chemical-technological Instituteimeni Mendeleyev) G.P.
Kall4a, V.A. Kolbasova, Ye.I. Shallnov.
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