SCIENTIFIC ABSTRACT PAKALNS, D. A. - PAKHALUYEV, K. M.
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December 31, 1967
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SCIENTIFIC ABSTRACT
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KALKYS, 0. Yu. (Kalejs,O.]; PAKAMS, D.A.
Use of tropeolin 00 for photocol ori metric detvrminFitlon of
bellado-ima extract in drug mixtureB. Apt. delo 11 nc.6t
66-69 N-D'62 (MIRA 1727)
1. Kontrollno-ana-liticheskaya laboratoriya Glavnogo aptechnogo
upravleniya Latviyakoy SSR.
PANAIM, G.7u... assiBtent
Morphological changes in the parodontium under the action of the
edge of artifiwlal dental crowds. Stomatologiia, 40 no.2!77-.82 Mr-
Ap 16.1. (MIRA 14-5)
1. 1z k&fedry ortopedicheskoy stomatologii (zav. - prof. D.A.
Kalvelis) Rizhskogo, meditsinsksogo instituts. (direktor - prof.
V.A.Kallberg).
(OM-DISEASES) (DF14TAL PROSTHESIS-PHYSIOLOGICAL EFFECT)
PAIALKSP a.- --Y~
0& the structure of the gingival pocket. Vestis latv ak so.12:
121-128 160. (mw 10: 9)
(TZM) (GM)
PAKALNS, G. Yu.
Cand Med Sci - (diss) "Morphology of the gum pocket and changes
of it under the action of the edge of artificial tooth crowns."
Riga, 1961. 18 pp; (Academy of Sciences Latvian SSSR, Inst of Ex-
perimental and Clinical Medicine); 250 copies; price not Fiven;
(KL, 10-61 sun, 226)
PEMIK, A.Sp prof.; LISUSA, F.M., doteent; FAIMSH, V.P. (Frage)
brperience in vaccination against poliossylitis with live atte-
nuated vaccine. Klin.med. 3S no.9s48-5/# 3 160. (MnA 1301)
(POLICKIELITIS)
MUTSENIYEK, A.Ya.[Vucerieks, A.]; PkULNY141, N.P.[Pakalrdns, N.];
PARAMONOVA, V., red.
(Coxsackie and ECHO virus neuroinfections] Virusnye neiro-
infektsii Koksaki i ECHO. Riga, lzd-vo AN Latviiskoi SM,
1964. 128 p. (MA 19; 1)
LUPTAK,I.; PAKAN, J.- HANDZO, 1.
Contribution to the study of chang" in c--holinestear"s, In the
course of labDr. B~.-atisl. lek. list-T 1 no.llt655-659 964
1. 11. M. - p3r. klinika Lek. fak. Unirarwlt.7 Komenakeho v
Bratislave; vedu-~I-. dc,,. MUM-. A.Itadoorl-t.
BRUCHAC,D. PAKAN, J.; VIERIK,J.
Wr experiences with the colorimietric determiration. c.' blc--*-4
aholJnesterase. Cook. gynek. 30 no.D106-110 ~Lr'65.
1. 11. gyn.-por. k3inika Lekarske fakulty University Karlovy
v Bratislava (prednostat doc. dr. A. HudcovIc).
BRUCHAC, D. doo-P Was; YAWP J.
The effect of cesarean section on perinatal mortalitv. ';esk. g.-,-.
27[421 no.4:28W90 My '62.
1. 11. gyn. por. klin. UK v Bratislave, prednosta doc. MUST.
A.Hudcovic.
(CFZAI'u~i Sz,0T.LQN) (INiAii-l A)l-16TALTT,')
PAKAW, J.; HAND70, I.
Some changes in the weight of internal organs of rats Juring
the hyperemia test in relation to the intrRdermal toxoplasmin
test in pregnant, women. Bratisl. lek. listy 45 no.9:543-554
15 N 165.
1. Katedra gynekologie a porodnictva 11 Lekarske fakulty ',-'ni-
verzity Komenskeho v Bratislave (veduci doc. KJDr. A. Hudcovicl.
I~UTJ Jozef; HPIWO, Ivan; CATAR, Gustav.
Some factors of the internal environment in acute experimental
toxoplasmosis. Biologia (Bratisl.) 19 no.4t2-45-256 164.
1. Cathedra of the 2nd Clinic for Gyntecology and Obstetrics,
Komensky University, Faculty of Medicine, and Research labo-
ratory for Parasitology, Cathedra for General Biology, Ko-
mensky University, Faculty of Medicine, Bratislava.
I-
kAw, 1..
Dust remova.1 in gas-ccoled reactors. J&derna energic 6 =~4:
136-138 Ap 160.
5 (3)
AUTHORS: Sadykov, A. S., PakaaVev,, 1&.~- _~OV/70-29-7-74 87
TITLE: Separation of the Alkaloids of Sophora Pachycarpa (Razde1er.i4ye
alkaloidov sofory tolatoplodnoy)
PERIODICAL: Zhurnal obahchey kh:Lmii, 1959, Vol 29, Nr 7, pp 2439-2441 (USSR)
ABSTRACT: In the manufacture of pachycarpine there is a large surplus of
high-boiliag alkaloids from the Sophora pachycarpa in a chemical-
pharmaceutical factory, from among which the well-known alkaloids
matrine and sophocarpine are of interest aa initial products for
many syntheses. In the present paper a method of separating this
alkaloid mixture left over in the manufacture as distillation
residue, which was devised by the authors, is described. This
residue consists of a dark-brawn mass soluble in water and
organic solvents and contains 8-10 % kerosene and moisture.
After extraction and vacuum distillation it is possible to obtain
fractions containing a mixture of matrine and sophocarpine; a
difficultly distillable residue (about 40 %) is left over. For
the separation of this mixture its different behavior with
respect to caustic potash was made use of. when treated with
alkaline caustic potash solution matrine forms a potassium s_~lt
Card 1/2 of the matrinic acid, whereas sophocarpine is not affected.
Separation of the Alkaloids of Sophora Fachycarpa SOV/79-29-7-74/8~
From the potassium salt of the matrinic acid matrine can be
obtained by means of acetic anhydride. It was farther possible
to separate the above-mentioned mixture on the basis of the
different solubility of the N-oxides of both alkaloids. These
N-oxides are formed if the mixture of the bases is treated with
hydrogen peroxide. The N-oxide of sophocarpine has hitherto
been unknown; it melts at 68-690, its picrate at 78-800. There
are 5 referendes, 3 of which are Soviet.
0
ASSOCIATION: "redneaziatskiy gosudarstvamWy universitet i Bukharskiy
pedagogicheskiy institut ([Soviet) Central Asia State
University and Bukhara Pedagogical Institute)
SUMUTTED: "--.,y 21 , 1958
Card 2/2
5 (3)
AUTHORS: Sadykov, A. S., Pakanayev, Ta. I SOV/79-29-7-78/83
TITLE: Investigation of the Alkaloids of the Series C 15 (Izucheniye
alkaloidov ryada C15 ). II. Eaters of the "latrinic Acid (11. 0
slozhn.vkh efirakh matrinovoy kisloty)
PERIODICAL: Zhurnal obshchey khimii, 1959, Vol 29, Nr 7, pp 2452-2453 (bs'011)'
ABSTRACT: In earlier reports (Ref 1) new methods were described of
separating matrine and N-matrine oxide from the distillation
residues in the industrial manufacture of pachycarpine in the
Chimkentskiy khimikofarmatsevticheskiy zavod (Chimkent Chemico-
pharmaceutical Works). Reports were also made on the "sophocarpi-
nols". The present paper gives the results of the synthesis of
the matrinic acid esters on the basis of the potassium salt of
the matrinic acid and the corresponding alcohols:
Card 1/3
Investigation of the Alkaloids of the :aeries " 15' 30V/79-29-7-78/~17
Il. Eaters of the Matrinic Acid
COOK COOR
+ ROE (HCl) + K01 + H 20
rrne reaction wan carried out by letting through dry hydrogen
chloride in the solution of the potassium salt of the matrinic
acid in the corresponding alcohol (Ref 2). The unreacted alcohol
was distilled off, the residue weakly alkalized with 35 ~. sodium
solution and extracted with ether. After distillation of the
solvent the esters of the matrinic acid were obtained in
crystalline condition in the residue. In this way the
Card 2/3 following esters were synthesized: methyl, ethyl, propyl,
Inve.stigation of the AlakloidB of the Series C 15' SOV/79-29-7-703
II. Enters of the Matrinic Acid
isopropyl, butyl, isobutyl, amyl and benzyl eater of the
matrinic acid. They are easily soluble in water and common
organic solvents, more difficultly in petroleum other. The
properties of the esters synthesized are pret;ented in the table.
There are 1 table a-ad 2 references, 1 of which is Soviet.
ASSOCIATION: Sredneaziatskiy Cosudarstvemi3ry universitet i Bul:hr-rskiy
pedagogicheskiy institut [(~7oviet) Central Asia State
University and Bukhara Pedagogical Institute]
SUBMITTED: June 26, 1958
Card 3/3
PAR M YEV, Ya.I.; SADYKOV, A.S.
Alkaloids of the C/C-series. Part 7: Now alkaloids of Sophora
pachyearpa. Zhur,ob.khim. 31 no.7-O".428-24,32 n l61. (MIRA 14:71
1. Bukharskiy gosudarstvennyy pedag6gicheakiy institut i
Sredneaziatakiy gosudars%vem7y universitet *eni V.I. Lanina.
(Alkaloidr)
IFAKMArEV& U.Iv; SADYDOV, A.S.
C15 abraloids. Part 12: Structure of mgmebel-in.n Zhur.ob.1thim-
33 rio.4:1374-1378 Ap 163. (MIFLA 16.5)
1. Bakharskiy goaudarstvannyy pedagogicheakiy institut i Tashkentakiy
gosudaretvemyy universitat imeni V.I.Lenina.
(Alkaloids)
P 't7TVIM,C-F of -
PAY,~P-1-a=-, K. yu-: MhFter 31"L Fc.' (;-,FFz) -- "-- I ~
I -
nents uf arterial Fin,-- Y,-,noar- 11-joe n ",All lact-at',)n". V11'W,.-F,
1999. ?D pp (Min Hip,,ier ---,d-ac Vil'rWus qtn",O !' LY:1 V- KaT~IFU~bs), 1 - c-P:-F
(la" No 1p, JT_-~, 11)7 ~
, I
KONOPKAYTE, S.I.[Kmopkaite, S.1; PAKARSKITE K.I.[FhkaraIWte, K.];
DACHTWT9, Ta.A.fDaculyte, F.T;,--- -K-U- DO tZ IS. P.
GT.BAVICHVM, A.S.[Gibaviciute, A.)
Preservation of North Sea herring in chilled seawater. Part 2:
Biochemical research. Khol. tekh. 39 no.5:29-32 S-0 162.
(MIRA 1627)
1. Inatitut botaniki AN Litovskoy SSR.
Fishery producta-Preservation)
Id storage on shipboard)
M
(Biochemistry)
L
ACC-07-77DMOU35 SOURCE CODE: UII/006(;/66/000/00'-1/00.,16./00.10
Ya. A.; Pak-arskite K ,Yu.
AUTHOR: Konopkayte, St. I.; Dac~~
mill 4
ORG: Department of Biochemistry of Mcroorganisms, Institute of Botany, Lithuanian SSR
(Sektor biokhimii mLkroorganiziiiov Instituta botanik-i LitoWk~y -SSR) --
TITLE: Investigations on the storage of North Sea herring in refrigerated sea water. 11.
Biochemical investigations
SOURCE: Kholodil'naya tekhnika, no. 2, 1966, 36-40
TOPIC TAGS: food, ~RqA_pres~ervaticzj, refrigeration, sea water fc-,n 1.) 1 ~~T/P r
ABSTRACT: Investigations were carried out to study in more detail the dynamics of certain
biochemical processes and to obtain a comparative biochemical evaluation of certain methods
of storing North Sea herrin.c, in sea water and in ice. Since the method of storing herring in
refrigerated sea water resulted in the swelling of the fish tissue and accelerated extraction of
nitrogenous substance, the authors checked the effectiveness of using carboxymethyl cellulose
(CMC) against swelling. Three versions of the experiments were set up. 1) The herring were
stored in refrigerated sea water at -1. 2 to -1. 5C with 4000 kg of water for each 2000 kg of fish.
C,,d 1/3 UDC. 637.56.004.4-.551.463/.464
L389~-i-66
ACC NR; AP6020035
The water was changed every other day. 2) The herring were stored at I.u~: in refrigerated
sea water with the addition of 1. C)" CIMC, with 5200 kg of water per 800 kg of fish. The water
was changed every other day. 3) The herring were stored at O'C in crushed ice in boxes at a
rate of 30 kg in each. The authors determined the following indexes: proteolytic activity,
extractive and total nitrogen, iodine and peroxide numbers of fat, and content of thiarnine,
riboflavin, folic acid, and vitamin B12. Finally minced muscle tissue was used for the analy-
sis. The data characterizing the effect of the period and conditions of storing herring on its
content of nitrogenous substances and quality of fat showed that in all cases the sarne prote-
olytic activity, in comparison with fresh herring, was retained during the first half-day of
its storage, then the activity gradually increased. The increase of activity stopped on the
third day for the herring stored in refrigerated sea water. There was a noticeable drop of
proteolytic activity after four days' storage. The proteolytic activity of herring stored in
refrigerated sea water with the addition of CNIC changed more smoothly. There was a iio-
ticeable increase in activity for the herring stored for one day, but the activity dropped after
5-6 days of storage. For the herring stored in ice the proteolytic activity increased a day
later than for the fish stored in refrigerated water with the addition of CMC. The drop of
activity in time was the same as for the herring stored in the refrigerated water. It was
found that the preparation CMC protects herring to a certain degree against extraction of
nitrogenous substances, inhibits the processes of proteolysis, and has a favorable effect on
the preservation of vitamins. However, the investigated concentrations are insufficient to
Card 2/3
ACC I~R,. AP6020035
prevent undesirable blochomical procosses in the herring during storaro. Orig. art. has:
2 tables.
SUB CODE: 06/ SUBM DATE: 00/ ORIG REF: OILV OTH REF; 000
3/3
Card
PAKARS-KITE-,-- K. Yu., (USSR)
"Biosynthesis of Folic Acid, Thiamine and Riboflavin during the
DeveloFmental Cycle of the Bacterial Cell."
Report presented at the 5th Int'l. Biochemistry Congresa,lMovcow, 10-16 Aug 1961.
BULGARIA/Cheraical Technology - Cherdeal Products and Their H-13
Application. Ceramics. Glass. Binding Materials.
Concretes.
Abs Jour Ref Zhur - Khirdya, 1'(-, 17, 1958, 58232
Author Svoboda K, Pakas V.
Inst
Title The Production of Cemnt in Shaft Furnaces.
Orig Pab Tek-1-inika (Bule.), 1956, 5, No 5, 45-47.
Abstract No abstract.
Card 1/1
I K-1, I',- li-jllil AV " 2.111 -, ~- , /-, /
ZMMWKIY.-A*Zo [Zhmadolkvi, O.Z.1; FAKCHANIII, L.K.
Physical strength of the 2i~' c,e-mnted steel. Bauk povid. KDU
no.1:39-41 156. (NIM 11:4)
(Steel-Testlug)
1~7 1
ri*stk
Wtuie
Ment, As fl-Itr
&
old ---vsV 5
JB CODIA i
h*ko-
o6i 'Ecoper
ti
1962 f
4, ilit ti ani
'Ass. ag
-0" SOL
s. of 1 0 Pi'
ON
UPPS11, zdaigiav-,SCHLBIM, Isono, PAX-OXV-SON
Surgical complic&tIONA of dlgsgtlv~ ambl"Is. Polski tygod. lek.
11 rAo.24;io62-1o6? 11 Aans 56.
1. Z I Klin. Chirar. Akad. Med. v Haphyale, I=; p.o. kier. Klin.
doe. dr Usislaw Lapinski. Varosava. u1. Xopernika, 11 is. 23.
(ANIBUSIS, INTMTDU, complications,
Burg. (Pol) )
BODUNOV, D.I.; GOLIDBERG, B.V.; PAPLICHIK_3_ M.Z.; BITAUTIAS, V.S. "
apeta. red.; IZUYELIS, G.N.[Izr alia, G.1, apets. red.;
MALITSKAS, A., red.; WONAS, S.K., tekbn. red.
[Collection of unit estimates for construction work in
Lithusni,q; for construction projects of the second class]
Sbomik edinichxWkh rastsenok na stroitellnye raboty po
Litovskoi SSR; dlia vtoroi gruppy otroek. Viln1u, TSentx.
biuro telchn. informatsii i propagandy. Vol.2. 1961. 580 P.
(MRA 15:3)
1. Lithuanian S.S.R. Valstybinis stat~bos ir architekturos
raiktxlu komitetas.
(Lithuania-Building-Estimates)
VOROWYEV,, U.N., red.; GNEDE11KO, B.V., red.; DOERUSHIN-, ".L., red.;
DYNKIN, Ye.B., red.; KOIROGOROV, A.14.., red.; KUBUNUS, I.P.
[Kubilius, I.P.1, red.; 12RUK, Tu.V., red.; PHOBWOV, Yu.V.,
red SMIZ'Ov, N.V., red.; STATULYAVICIIYUS, V.A.[Statuliavicius,
V.AJ, red.; YAGLOY, A.M., red.; MELINENE, D., red.; PA!L&a ~'EO-,
tekhn. red.
[Transactions of the Sixth Conference on Probability Theory and
Mathematical Statistics, and of the Colloquy on Distributions
in Infinite-Dimensional Speces]Trudy 6 Vsesoiuznogo soveshcha-
mtia po teorii veroiatnostei I inatematicheskoi statistike i kol-
lokviuma po raspredelaniiam v beakonebhnomerrVkh prostranstvakh.
Vilnius, Palanga, 1960. Villnius,, Gos.izd-vo polit. i nauchn.
lit-ry Litovskoi SSR, 1962. 493 p. (MIRA 15-.12)
1. Vsesoyuznoye soveshchaniye po teorii veroyatnostey i mateina-
ticheekay statistike i kollokviumn po raspredeloniyea v besko-
nechnomemykh prostranstvalch 6th, Vilnius., Palanga, 10,60.
(Probabilities-Congresseei (Mathematical statistics-Congresses)
(Distribution (Probability theor-y))-Congresses)
PAKH, E.M.; PONOMAREV, V.V.
Evaluation of the outlook for coking coals in the Kuznetsk Basin.
Razved. i okh. nedr 28 no.905-41 S 162. (KRA 15:9)
1. Trest "Kuzbassuglegeol iYaw.
OiKuznetsk Basin-Coal geology,)
AMMSOV, I.I.; YEREMIN, I.V.; YA "Ii _,E..M., BOYEV, A.I.
Fetroprar,'hic studies and prediction of t),e coking capacity of
coals. Razved. i okh. nedr 27 no.12:11-1~. 1) '61. (MIIR,~ 15: 3)
1. Institut geologii i razrabotki goryuchikh iskopayemykh AN LbSR
(for A-imosov, Yeremin). 2. Trest Kuzbassuglegeoloriyall (for
Fakh, Boyev).
(Coal) (Coke)
ZTBARU, A.; PAMOLKOVp D.
Now heating system for the ZIL-158 motorbuses. Avt.transp.
38 no.1:40-41 Ja 160. (Kft 13:5)
(Notorbuses)
-'w
lt~- J
I
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e .
25(6) PHASE r BOOK SIPLOrTATION SOV
Placchno-t0krtnicheskoye obahchastvo priborostroltel' noy pmmysnl~n- 0
nosti. Ukralnslaora respublIkAnskoys pravlenlys
VOv770 wetOdy Icontrolys I der.lctoakopli v &&o h 1 prl-
b rontroyenil (dOkl4 Y Re blik&nakoy kohr " n-10 (4- M'~th..do
0 d *Pu e
0 . I ~ti.. 1. -he Plcln.ry an
fInspectLon and Fl De.. d Inst-ent-
Smuracturing Ind.atrjea [Reports of th , Confvrence Held at Klya V.w
19561) IMY07, Gostekriltdat USSR, 1958. 264 p. 4,700 copies printv4t.~
3 moping Agency: kkademlyn naui( USSR.
3d.: A. Amelin; Tech. Ed.: F. Fatsal7uk; Editorlal Soari: 1 1.
Graben', B.D. Oroztn, A.Z. Zhmudskty, O.N. 3aVI. (Re.P. wd.i. I.D.
Paynersan (INp. Reap. Ed.), And A.&. Shlartlovsk-ly.
PVRPWIK- ~Thi: bookil a 1-t-ded for sngtneer,. clentifte workers, and
tochni lan doal ng With probl.- of Inspection and f;&w dottction.
CDVXRA(MI ThIP Is & eoll~tlon of "I.ntirle papers presented a- a
conference SP-ns---l by the Academy of Scjv-,, U~,SSR,
a
.boM6t,,ojLr.
.Ucrlno-~eid-~.lCheak@y:,~,b,3hcheat",pr.
sti , Ukrain.koye p, 1,~ u~, 'n I an 8, -In, s'
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25(6) PHASE I BOOK 9XPLOITATION SOV, 211~
Pauchno-tekhrilcheskoyt olashcheetva prIbaroatraltv:, noy proall".611en-
Ukrainakoy. ro.publikanakoye pravlonlye
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borostroyenil [dc~ ady Rea ubl kan, k - f-.n.aill (Ntw 01
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COVILRACM: This Is a collection or scientific pa~pera present-4 at a
conf mn-- son ts red ty ',he Ac,d,,, ~r S,j-e., UkrSSR.
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o-tekhn1cne-4c7* ob5h~hes-vo pr11boros'-tel',-.jy
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Photographs
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zhlga~lc~_-A_Y,
1;.rd 4,9
IISSR/Solid State Physics Mechanical Properties of Crystals E-10
and Polycrystalline Conpounds.
Abs Jour Referat Zhur - Fizika, No 5, 1957) 11930
Author ZhmLdskiy, A.Z., Fakchanin, L.M.
Inst ~---Aysical Strength of
Title Certain Problems Concerning the
Cemented Steel Type 20 Kh.
Orig Pub Rauch. povidomlennya Kiivs'k. un-tu, 1956, vyp. 1, 39-41
Abstract No abstract.
Card 1/1
PO-K-C 4-~00 ) p
UsM / Farm Animals. General Prbblems. q-1
Abs Jour; Ref Zhur-Biol., Yo 23, 1958, 105634.
.gkAnas, P.
Author : Zhebenka, R.,.?
Inst : Not given.
Title : Artificial Insemination of Animals.
Orig Pub: Soo. zemes ukis., 1957, No 12, 1a-24.
Abstract: No abstract.
PAKENAS, P. 1.
"Inf;~;en -e ,." a!,; ra~~- :. :. % .. ~ -,*",::..- ~'r' ",*., 'af.: - ',:' - -
report s-Lfbmitte,i for t!. int, -'crig' -tio." " i~xt;!*'* -:,I, :."
Trent, Itai.,t, Sej - :..
ZHRBZM , R.P. [Zeben~m, R.P.1, kqnd. sellskokhozyEtystvennykh nsuk;PAKiNAS,
P.I., Imad. biol. nauk
Organization of breedin.- ~,ork in the Lithuanian S.S.R. Zhivotnovod-
stvo 21 no.11:43-4? N '59 (MIRA 13:3)
1. Direktor Litovskogo nauchno-iasledovntellskogo instituta zhivotno-
vodstva i veterinarli (for Zhebenka). ~,.Zavednyushchiy laboratori-
yey iskusstvennogo osemeneriiya nel'skokhozyayBtvennvkh zhivotnykh.
(Lithaania--Sto(A and a to-,kbreed trig)
e0
'oe
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ribylow amele whis Arcirl6cobus is List prWarts- of pw--
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wrtithalm. m tmh'. empm. of dw W Im-dom,
lt"wftd by w"-atiA*i t4 the owtdism pow*An yidded a
nAnbrom oily wtk6-t, th. 1#v-5', whkb Uewiw a&Wtqd
a ftr"Ikvv cashkovyl-antup tem and 01-k evened WShW-
a quant. yirld J wctb&u idriatiad with am I II I
abuwr. Tftra6m d The ampow. prodwit combilimbed kv
tbr ma"taikims twim-tiato qmW6t~d of a mist. of a-($-
A ow AcOlt. Bob al
the lattes substaim-r* hevc b. ps. at 16 mm. vdkb an in
ckw* pnmimmity. The expil. obsevvistions we hawliveted
in actwd with thr IcAlowing rewtiom; CO.0-MCM6.C-
I
AcCH,CLIl,Uli C(:).U.CH.CHD. MICHICH'Oke
mom L-
CO.O-C)l,CH,,.CIICH*CHsOH (W + ACM.
rhm tisr molmatim ad AcCUsCOaRt wM aftlems
OBW fiv" ri.. not to She expected J but imephod to a mk~-
"a"m wbkb, tbromo I at Ift At Smump amd
.ubwwjmt askvisolytis. =r"701111111 WIN - I t.
& In" ciaw* u# Ac migmthts fnm C to as 0 &II)IM.
Such a I- --mlowd reanfin law, win ",
be exarried to ovew with &N 04micamic subjucted to
as Ow cm*nmbma vivism,
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a form" %be faromia CJIU(X. ph"YOW561 go
I
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(sitradem). cd M was obtaimed, b. M-61, oV 1.4510.
Tmwmm do M a" coard. HO is a maw tuba at Im.
ba 165', *V 1.4712.
Babel. My
am sivivii;W,
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:be ralm was thlin rettioved and tlw residue dutid. on
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roe
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J l-l.in-vor,ner al-ki laid 2490
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slutaink al-mis in ttw proportion of 4 1 On hydropum-
l Imo*
ts
tilm and convetsinle; of Ow glutafnic "s to the IICI vo
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pure d(-)-Autamic " ran he oblaitteed after a Im m-
crymins. Aleit4doI46%hastwient"aivird. t1*0
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00 d--trawd YiM of 11. A vwki of ?41% of U w&% obtaiDrd
after 10 days at rutica trinp. ft,wn 16 g. t4 I and 1011 Al. of
1
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04r virld of 8b% A1 11 ~n. oblAtn"I Amhrn ;t.Nll ul,
00 wlul~d liBil tb~ l"wthunt"u.n. -.h
.idffwm to papnidkm ur hz~Nll when u-1 A, 4 catAlvut
An in"raw in tesilp. drvmaw~ tb~ ykil. jw d"-tum so*
I.-Ing tkimowd above I I I I EV I U'Ang an and 3
zoo
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lAKENDOiM, K.
nConcerning A New i'leaction With Ethylenoxide.
Condensation of Ethylenoxide with Malonie Ecters,"
ibid.
"Concerning a New Reaction With Ethylenoxide.
Condensation of Ethylenoside With Acessegester.".
ibid. 29, No. 8-9, 1940.
MSKVIN,
Diagnosis of closed bladder Icalons. Khlrurglla 39 no.8:
92-97 Ag 163. (MIhA 17:6)
1. Iz travmatologicheakoy kliniki (rukovoditell - prof. I.1.
Sokolov) i rentgenovskogo otdeleniya (zav.- kand. med. nauk.
M.K. Shcherbe-tenko) Moskovskogo gorodskogo nauchno-issledovatellskogo
inatituta skoroy pomoshchi imeni N.V. Skllfosovskogo (nauchnyy
rukovoditell- chlen-korrespondent AMN SSSR prof. B.A. Petrov)
direktor - zasluzhennyy vrach UkrSSR M.M. Tarasov).
PAKET, A. Ye. and LIPMU, G. V.
"Introduction to the Aerodynamics of a Compressible Fluid." IIL (1949)
NADZHAKGV,I G.; ANTONOV, A.; ZADARCZNNYY, G. rZadaroahnil, C.1; KONOVA, A.;
L
-S.; YUSKFSELIYFVA, L. flUskesel-ieva, L.).
A new type of two-layer electret. Doklady BAN 17 no.4:3165-W 164.
L 36027-46 T/EWP(t)/ETI IJP(c) JD
ACC NR, AP6027347 SOURC2; COD2;. BU/0011~1-65-[did/612~/i6-6~tiogo
AUTHOR: Nadzhakov, G.; Antonov, A.; Pakeva, S.; Konova, A.
0' RG: none
TITTIS: Conservation of the homocharge during the dark polarization of sulfur -2-7
Monocrystals-14
SOURCE: Bulgarska, akademiya na naukite. Doklady, v. 18, no. 12, 1965. 1087-1090
TOPIC TAGS; dielectric polarization, photoclectret, eloctric field, single crystal
ABS-NU%CT: The creation of photoelectrot states within dielectrics is accompanied by
dark polarization, i.e., polarization in darkness by mans of applied elrctric fields.
During such polarization the surface may acquire hetero- as well as homochargos. G.
Nadzhakov ot al. (Dokl. BAN, 15, 1962, no. 8, 805) assumed earlier that the applied
high voltage causes the ions within the dielectric to be absorbed. Tno prosont inves-
tigation studied. consequently, in more detail, the creation and decay (in timo) of
the homocharge during dark polarization of sulfur nonocrystals. DiaLrTam present the
tirm dependence of the polarization, depolarization, and homocharge decay with the
applied voltage (1-3 kV) as parameter. The paper ends with a brief discussion of the
results. Orig. art. has: 4 figures. fJk-W: 36,46f
SUB CCDE: 09, 20 / SUBM D&TE: ZiSep65 / 01UG REF: 003 / SOV REF: 003
0-111 REF: 002
t)/ETI 1JP(c) JD
ACC NR,AP6014717 SOURCE COM
AUTHORs Nadzhakov, G..- Konova, A.; Pakevat S.
ORG: &Qf1AjkLYersitjp Physics Department (Fixicheakly fakulltetv Sofiyakly
universitet)
TITLEs Photoolectrat effect in small cadmium -sulfide single crystals t
t, '/
SOURCE: Bulgarska akademiya na naukite. Dokla4y, v. 19, no. 1, 1966, 13-16
TOPIC TAGS% photoelectret, semiconductor research, semiconductor single crystal,
cadmium sulfide, dielectric property, single crystal
A=RACT.- Small cadmium sulfide single crystals dispersed in araldite resin were
studied to determine whether a photoolectret effect can be produced in small single
crystals as in large ones. The measurement results show that 1) one part CdS to
three parts resin is the most effective ratio, 2) the permanent polarization varies
from ample to sampIv 'aspending o~n.ths ratio of CdS to rebin, 3) photo-
polarization saturation dependkpn polarization tine regardless of illumination
intensity and is eh- teristic of the given eample, 4) the reciprocity law holds
for an extensive region which increases with the percent content of resin to CdS, and
L 34668-66
ACC NRs APWIJ#717
0
5) all the samples have a beterocharge and the photopolarizatioxi values do not
depend on 'Who voltage polarity. The res"to lead to the conqasion that tka photo-
olecret effect can be produced in small single crystals an in large single crystals
but'that the materials employed i=t hwe a high dark specific resistance. Orig.
art. hams Ao figures and I table.
SUB CODEt 2Q/ SUBM DATS# 2ISep6V ORIG RM WI/ SOV We OD7,'
ARABADZHYAN. A.Z.. karld.ekon.pauk; BADI, Sh.M., irand.ekon.nauk; BARGYAN. 0.V.,
doktor mecl.nauk; BASHKIROV. A.V., icand.ekon.nBuk; BUSHEV, P.P., kand.
int.nauk; GLUKHO114D, V.S.; DGROYZYNYA, L.W., iond.filol.oauk; DMO-
SWAWO, Ye.A., kand.ist.nauk; ZAVIbTOVIGH, A.A.; IVANOVA, M.N., kFrkd.
iat.nauk; IVANOV, H.S.. doktor ist.nauk; WINSKIT, G-14., kand.ist.
nauk; KISLYAKOV, D.A., doktor ist.nouk; KOMISSAROV. D.S.. kand.filol.
nauk; KURDDYXV. K.K.. kand.filol.nauk; MOISXYSV, P.P., kand.ekon.
nauk; kand.filol.nauk; PETROV. M.P., doktor geogre-
fichoukikh neuk, prof.; PJCTROV. G.M., irand.tst.nauk; SOKOLOVA, V.S.,
doktor filol.nauk; TRUBITSKOY. V.V.-, FARUADIYAN. A.1., kand.iBt.
nauk; SHOYTOV. A.M.. kand.filol.nauk-, ZAKHODIR. B.B., doktor istori-
cheskikh nauk. prof. , otvetstvenny., red.; AKHRAMOVICH. R.T., kard.
ist.nauk, red.-, FALINA. A.L. kand.izt.wuk, red.; KUZNSTSOVA. N.A.,
red. izd-va; SHVICYKOVSKAYA, V.R., red. izd-va-. PRUSAKOVA, T.A., tekhn.
red.
[Present-day Iran; a manual] Sovremennyi Iran; sprevochnik. Mosk-va,
1957. 715 P. (MIRA 11:2)
1. Akademiya nauk SSSR. InBtitut vortokovedeniya.
(Iran)
6 c 0 0 6 a a 0. a 0 0 0% a T In
10
., ..0 fp~ 'c ,go
0o*44w!.p ~!
r
sea.
so*
go.
181,300 Af,qq. 4.4
0 a 4 1 -9 1- -T_ -9 __v_ .-q- -ago
11 to San Sol soon mealwal
:.M
toils') I
41.4 All. set,
a
,~_ I igloo
so
go
00
90
400
00
P00"WIP %f IMIXALIO&I '%Aqd par "jawlp
'ON Iftl
UMX am a" v
a 11 u u as s b a a 0 a 41 a a a a
11 cp a a Is
...... +& - - ! 5 6*!s
XMC! I, If* too I- "Veal
'Als
ms
0 we
qp
~'Wff'iov "Wows
It.
APP
I'lit '1"3 11[0141"L Poirot vmqua&41
fewamossomwets pug Is 010
00
00
00-
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t-AKHALOR, 1. k'.
nriketircvanie uElei f5riquetting, coaj. ros~-.va, !lvlotel&izJ,,-,t, 1952.
175 p.
I
,!: 11 0
.-Orthly List of i~ussian fccessions, jol. ' o. 11 rebruary 1954
PAUALM, IJ.
- I -..I.- , .. -
Plan for an international scientific classification of brown coal
varieties. StandartIzatella no.1:43-45 Ja-Ye 156. (KW 9:2)
l.DIreetor Toesayusuago nauchno-looledovatellskago Inmt1tuta
Ugloobogashchenlya.
(Lignite-ClassifIcation)
KRAIPOT, I.F.
wmx~~-,
Improving the quality of coke wA using poorly mintering coal@ for
burdens. Ugol' 31 no.5:26-28 My '56. (KLVA 9:8)
1. Veasoyuznyy nauchno-looledovatellskiy institut, Ugloobogashchentys.
(Blast furnaces) (Coke)
FAKELL019 loree inshe
~,- .- "
I~mmediate tasks in the field of eml preparation. Sbor. infora. po
oboc. I brik. ugl. no.10-6 157. (MIRI 1124)
(Coal preparation)
PAIR M KO lel., Insh,
Jigging unsized coal with ume of weighting saterial. fibor,, WoM
po obog. I brik. ugl. no,ltl6-20 157. (KLU 11W
(Coal preparation)
DFATMINMD, B.F., red.; UBIMSKIT. G.P., rd.; BARILBANOV. IP.A., red. t
I.A., red.; BARA OV, A.I., red.; TTSOTSEIY, Polo, red.;
WWATLO9 ?*Go, red.; Z&WTaH, B,P., rj~d.; ZyXgjaCeg~jy red.;
KAGAN. F*Ya.. red.; LMTSKIT. Ya.B.. red.; IRILM, YeI., red,;
MARCHIM. M.G.. red.; MM07ANOT. 9.B., red.; red.;
SHIMT, A.A., red.; RYKOV. N.A., red. Izd-va, ILINSKAYA, G.M,,
~ekhz6 red.
[SoLfety rules for working in briqaetting and preparation plants]
Pravila bezopannosti pri vedeuii rabot na briketri7kh i obogatitell-
nykb fabrikW&. Izd.2. ObiazatellnV dlia veekh organizatsii i
prodpriiatit ugollnol pronVahlonnosti. Moskva, Ugletekhlzdat, 1958.
6z p. (%IIRA Ilt7)
1. bissia (1923- U.S.S.R.) Komitet po nadzoru za bezopasnym
vedeniyem rabot v promyshlennosti i gornomu naftont.
(Coal preparations- Safety measures) (Briquets (Fvel))
PATHAWK, I.F.. oty. red.; GARBER, T.N.,red. izd-va,;ALADOVA. Y9.1.. takhn. red. *,
Z.A.,takhn. red.
(Intornational classification system of coals according to their
types] Nwahdunarodusla sistema klassifiketail kamennykh uglel
po tipsm. Noskva. Ugletakhisdbt. 195B. 51 p. (KIRA 11i12)
1. Vessoyusnyy proyektno-konstruktorskiy 1 nsuchno-iseledovatel'skiy
inatitut po obogeshchentyu I briketirovaniyu uglay.
(Goal)
PAUIAI4.,.j,,F.. oty.red.; MARCHINKO. M.G.. inzh., red.; ZVINIGORDDSKIT.
G.Z., insh.. red.: BRAGINSKIT, M.G.. red.; SNIKOV, I.D.,
kand.takhn.nauk. red.; MXOV, N.A., redAzd-va; SADITOT, A.,
tokha.red.
[Briquetting of coal] Voprosy briketirovaniia uglel. Koakva.
Ugletakhisdat, 1958. 318 P. (KIRA 12:5)
1. Nauchno-takhnichegkoye gornoye obahchostvo. TBentrallnoye
prayleniye, Moscow. 2. Vaesoyusnyy na-chno-iseledovatellakly
Inatitut ugloo"oogashcheniya (for "-venigorodekly). 3. Inatitut
goryuchikh inkopayssykh M SSBR (for Hemeanikov).
(Briquets (Fuel)) (coal)
PiLKHAWK, T.F., lmli.
-%ibstantlal!w the post;!Mlitles for Jigging run-of-sine unriz,3d
coal in sl3spennIons. Na-ach.truA7 pn o-hng i ",rik.ugl. no.l:
~-21 '~S. iMIRk 11):10)
(Coal preparation)
PAKHALOK. I.F., Inzh.
Hw methoe nf coal chargp preparation before coking. Nauch trudy
po obog.1 1hrik.ugl. no.1:91-144 '58. (KIM 12110i
(Caa! prepamtion) (coke)
FAKRALOX. I.F., inzh.; PODKMO, M.I., inxh.; MIX-STZFANOVA~ A.G., inzh.
Conference hold in Prague on June 9-11, 1958 by a working group of
experts on problem of coal preparation of the Permnent Comission
on Coal in the Mutual Econoadc Assistance Council. Obog. I brik. ugl.
no.9:91-93 '59. (MIRA 12:9)
(Coal preparation-Congresses)
PAKHAL 1.7 h.; )UMIK-STEPANOVA, A.G., inzh.; LkBAKHUA. M.S., inzh.
I LCK _ , inz
- -W I- ---
Pulp thickening prior to flotation In batter7 hydro-cyclones in
the Tkvarchall Central Coal Preparation Plant. Obog.1 brlk.ugl.
no.11:7-10 '59. (MIRA 13:6)
(ftvarchelt-Coal. preparation)
(Separators (Machines))
,P4KHkWK, I _,, in2h.; TOPUTNIKOV, F.A.,, inzh,; YURFMOV,, N.I*j, inzhe
. __tF
Using a greater variety of coals f or coking purposes in the Donets
and Kuznetsk Blasin . Obog.i'br:Lk.ugl. no.14:3-14 160.
(MIU 14 15)
(Coke)
PAKHALOX, I.F.
Proposed international classification of coke according to its tyTe
and size. Koks i khim. no.1.1:30-31 161. (MIRA I:.,:J)
I
1. Gosekonomsovet SSSR.
(Coke--Classification)
PAKHAWK, I.F., inzh.
Desipn and structural parts of pistonless jigging machines for coa-l
m, . , -
(y
preparation. ObogA brik. ugl. no.l7z26-31 '61. ~,:ei
(Separators (Machines))
PAKIIALOK , I. F. , inzh.
Prospects of the over-all mechgnization and automatior cf coal
preparation. Ugoll 36 no.10:19--22 0 161. (ma~. -L4: 12
(Coal preparation)
',Automatic control)
.-PAMIAI-X,_ I.F., inzh.; SHEIREV, V.T., inzh.
Great attention to the construction of coal preparation plants.
Shakht. stroi. 6 no.10sl-3 0 162. (WRA 15:9)
1. Gosudarstvennyy nauchno-ekoncmicheakiy sovet Soveta 14iniBtrov
SM.
(Coal preparation plants)
PAKN&OK, 1.1 ., inzh..
Basic technologica2 systerris and parameter5m for t'. PlannInE aw-
operation of planl,5 for kcal T.rej.aratiDn .-:-. rgiav.,, ~.spen5l-W;5.
Urol ' 37 no.3:34--i- IkIr '62. ( ~..L r(. ,
(Coal preparatif)n plantEj
LSVITSKIY, Ya.B., :Lnzh., PA AIQL_I.F.,_inzh.
Coal qua:Lity am preparation. Ugol' 37 no.6:40-1*3 Je 162.
(MIRA 15:7)
(Coal preparation)
SOV/6 8- 59-6-- V 21'1-
AUTHOES: Laz-ovskiy, Gryaznfv, N.S., Felldbr`n, M.G.
(VUKhIN). Pakhalox? I F I PoLmtriikcv, F.A., Yure-nk,-jv,N.!,
and Lyami e bog F~shcheniye)
TITLE: Preparation of Coal Blend by Air Ellutriation with
Crushing of Large and Heavy Parti,-,Ies (Podgotovka
ugolInyk.h shikht vozdushnuy soparats'YOY s drobleniyem
kr-upnykh i tyazhelykh chastits)
PERIODICAL; Koks i Khimiya, 1959, Nr ~, pp 5-8 (USSR)
ABSTRACT: The use of air ellutriation in the preparation of coal
blends by praferentiil crushing Is proposed. The methcd
consists in that a c:oaI or a o,-~al blend of a size 25-0 mm
is air ellutriated in a pipe, so that 3--0 mm size
fraction is removed t,y tk)e air stream and "he 25-3 mm
fraction is crushed and again air ellut7tiated. A pilot
plant installation e.rec-ted for thJs p,,rpose (fig) and
some experimental resall,-Is obtained are described. Coal
blends used on one of the Eastern coking works were used
for experiments. Size distributions of coal blends and
quality of ro:~e obtained by the usual crushing and
preferential (-r-ashing i~ith and wi~.h,)ut air ellutriation
Card 1/2 are shown in Tables 1 and 2. It was fe-,-.nd that the use
of air ellat.--iation the p:-,)po--.,t.!cr, cf dust
SOVIO-59-6-21-;'r
Preparation of Coal Blend by Air Ellut.~`a- n w J. t h C3
Large and Heavy Particdf3s,
(0.1+2 - 0 mm) by 5,t~% ami ';Le dLstritrition of j~.slh
between the indf-id"al. size is m,-,)re unifo.-nq
(ash content of Ia-gpr pa-ft.-)_~,Iei 'IS somewhat than
I ,
that of fing fi-a~~tions) an"-' -~ie c~okA obtainU a
P.I-Int pl.an+-) was st-onge-r +,.-~an f- )m blends prepared by
preferentia.' wlt~-.out a.,.- ellut~!,iation. The
des.Ig.r. and -.-mstruction of a larwo, s%ale experimental
plant for prefe-,-ential r-i-ashing wi.th air eilutriaticn
In a close.-.1 -.y,--.'.e `s
There are 1' 2 i,aL,-e,-; itv! 5 S,-)vi~3t -af6r-en_~as.
Card 212 1 -
man, V.
PHASE I TRUSURE ISLAND BIBLIOGRAPHICAL REP= AID 199-1
am Call No. 01.92785
Author % ~A_K9-A&Qj,1.E-
Full Titlet WASHING AND SCREENING IN COAL FMARAT10N 23 DECI
Transliterated Titler Moyshchik i seperatorshchik ugloobogatitellnoy fabriki'~~Y
Publishing Data
OrigimUng Agency: gone ?
Publishing Houses State Scientific Technical Publishing House of Literature on
the Coal Industry. (*Ugletakhisdat")
Dater 1952 No. pp.t 92 No. of copies: 3,000
Editorial Staff
Editors None Tech. Zd.t None
Editor-in-Chief; None Appraisers None
Text Date
Coverages General principles of gravitation and flotation Mbthods of coal
preparation are described. Many diagraimmatic layouts and flow sheets
of coal refinery and sketches, descriptions and specifications for
screening, washing and settling equipment are given, along with
practical data on quality of the preparation processes.
Data rwesented 22ems to diffe or details k1mrican and
British mracjjQ&&
1/2
Moyshchik I separatorshchik uglooboptitelinoy fabriki kID 199-1
Purpose: Supplemental inforrdtion for technical personnel In coal preparation.
The book is approvee by the office of Working Cadres of the Ministry
of the Coal Industry to a textbook for its educational system.
Facilitiest None
Do. of Russian and Slavic Referenc3s: None
Available: AID, Library of Congroos
2/2
BOLDTARY, Vamilty Androyov%oh; POPOTA, G.N.,
- oWetatioikyy rodaktor: MULIBUYA, Y.F.. tokhnichookly rodaktor;
ZMVBHMA. Z.A.. takhnichoskiy rodakior
[Briquetting eoall briketirovenie uglai. Kovkvs. Ugaltekhirdet.
1957. 179 P. (KIRA 10:11)
(Briquets (Fuel))
_ _ ; RYKOV. N.A., otvetstvenayy redaktor;
. RAXHkWX._ lv4uJ~,UpW44
A.i., teichnicheskiy reclaictor
[Problems in the Improvement of ooal preparation) Woprony uluchsheniia
tekhnologii obogaBhobeniis uglis. Moskva, Uglatekhizdat. 1956. 24 p.
(Coal preparation) (MLRA 10:2)
PAKH.4W V. A. P.
Iffoct of the vacuum cooling of a cook-ad Mass on t~e
qual.Lty of rectified alcohol. S-oirt.prom. 25 an. 3:24-26
p- 159. (MIRA 13:3)
i (LipetBk(Lipetsk Province)--Alcohol)
PAKHAWVv A.P.; HZHECHITSKAYAt G.V.
Comparative testing of different methods for the return of the
enter-aldehyde fraction to the production. Trudy TSNIISP
no- 8;46-52 159, MRA 14:1)
(Alcohol) (Distillation, Fractional)
GETAZNDV, V.P.; PAKHAICV, A.P.; IZZHECHITSEATA, G.V.
Rectification of a crude sugar-beet alcohol in intermittent
distillation apparatus. Spirt. prom. 25 no.6:19-22 159.
(MIRA 12:12)
(Lipetak--Alcohol) (Distillation, Fractional)
I'AYJIAILVJI A.P.; POWMENTSEVA, N.G.
Production pf rectified alcohol from sugar beets. Trudy TS1111SP
no.12:25-31 162. (MIRA 17:3)
PAKULUY39Y, Donstantin ,L"Jovich; URUMMV, lonstantin Vasillyevich;
A.H
so" KILINIK, V.P.. redaktor; KOTALUTO, N.T.,
tokhnlchesklkh redaktor
[Heating furnace velderl Svarshchik nagrevatellmyl& pechat. Sveld-
lovsk. Goa. nauchno-takhn. lzd-vo lit-ry po chernot I tevetnot
astallurgil, Sverdlovskoe otd-nis. 1954. 183 p. (MLRA 0:6)
(Turnace @--Vold ing)
Y14;1. i LTY V ,"I. Ill.
A 57T-27
VM/24"m DW 207
Boning W218
coal
"Powder Coal Beating of Bolling Furnaces," K. M. P
WUyOV' NW, lastern lust Utilizatim of Fuel, TV
"Stall" No 12
ZxpsrJuents over long period to determine relative
advantages of using ombined gam-coal povdar fuel or
plain coal povdar fuel to host rolling furnaces
shoved that coal powder was far more efficient. Use
of this type of fuel permits increase of technical
economical factors during operation of theme furnmes,
=dw high temperaturee necessary for melting ashen of
004 used
3/133/61/000/002/009/014
AC54/AO33
AUTHORSs --2akhaluyev, K.M., Medvedeva, I.V., Andreyeva, V.V., and Kullkova,
M.N.
TITLEt Oxidation and Decarbonization of Steelq in Heating Furnaces Fired
With Natural Gas
;2_1
PERIODICAL: Stal', !961, No. 2, pp, 160-163
TEXT: At the zavod "Krasnyy oktyabr" ("Krasnyy octyabre" Plant) and the
VNIIMT it was found that the average metal losses due to cindering amount V
to 2.16-2-77% of the charge weight for 6-ton ingots and to 1.36-1.88% for
blooms and slabs, when heating furnaces fired with masut or natural gas are
used. In order to study the processes of cindering and decarbonization and
to find ways to reduce these processes simultaneously, 7 steel grades were
investigated under complete and incomplete combustion of natural gas. The
tests were carried out on specimens (rolled bars) 50 mm in diameter and
200 mm long. The decarbonized surface layer of the samples was removed and
Card 1/11
S/133/61/00)/002/'009/014
A054/AO33
Oxidation and Decarbonization of Steels in Heating Furnaces Fired With
Natural Gas
the surface was polished. Delayed cooling of the specimens was effected by
fitting to one of the furnace openings a brick-lined chamber, into which
technically pure nitrogen was blown. The furnace was fired with Saushinsk
natural gas (CO 21 0.25%; 02 t 0.20~t; CH : 97-90%; CmHnt 0.'7%; N 2t 1-Mb)-
When the degree of oxidation of the spicimen was determined, they were held
in the furnace for a given time until a constant temperature was reached,
then they were quickly removed and cooled in water. When I-oth oxidation nd
decarbonization were investigated the specimen was put after heating in -.he
cooling chamber filled with nitrogen. Besides, the samples were pickled (in
20%-hydrochloric acid at 45-60 0C) weighed and measured. The difference in
weight of the samples before and after heating gave the amount of cinder;
the depth of decarbonized layer was defined by microanalysis and the excess
air in a ST/-(VTI)-type gas-analyzer. Altogether 82 tests were carried out
with natural gas firing with excess air factors varying between 0.6 and 1.6.
The samples were heated to 700-12500C, the holding time at constant tempera-
Card 2/11
S/133/61/00-0/002/009/014
A054/A033
Oxidation and Decarbonization of Steels in Heating Furnaces Fired With
Natural Gas
ture was 1/2-3 hours. The relati3nship between the amount of oxidized metal
and the factor of excess air in the combustion products of natural gas is
plotted in figs.1-2, showing that metal cinder quickly decreases with a re-
duction of the excess air factor when heating to 1000 C and more. If it is
technologically possible to lower somewhat the very high temperatures of the
metal during heat treatment, the metal losses due to cindering could be re-
duced considerably. Fig.4 shows that by cutting down the holding time as far
as permitted by the technology, cindering can also be decreased. When the
effect of air excess on decarbonization was studied, the decrease of the air
excess factor was found to be accompanied by a thinner decarbonized layer.
The lowering of the oxidizing effect of combustion products of natural gas
were moreover observed to affect the metal and the carbon content of the me-
tal simultaneously. It is, therefore, possible to reduce oxidation and de-
carbonization when heating under "non-oxidizing" conditions. From the test
results it was concluded that the total excess of oxidants - as compared with
the equivalent amount - quickly declines with a decreasing value of "a"I on
Card 3/11
S/133/61/000/002/009/014
A054/AO33
Oxidation and Decarbonization of Steels in Heating Furnaces Fired With
Natural Gas
an average the combustion products of gas lose their oxidizing effect at me-
0
k,al temperatures of 800, 1000, 1200 C (with an air excess factor of 0.54).
Based on these data it is possible to attain a "non-oxidizing" heating of
steel in natural-gas fired free flame furnaces. However, at very low "a"
values the incomplete combustion results in a temperature decrease of the
combustion products and additional heat with preheated fuel and air has to
be supplied. The conditions of non-oxidizing heating for various furnaces
(for instance for roller type furnaces for blooms) are determined by the fol-
lowing temperatures
Temperature of the combustion
product of the fuel, OC, ca
Calorimetric temperature
of combustion, 0C, ca
Temperature of air preheating,
according to fig.9, OC
Card 4/11
Bloom Billet Sheet
1400 1000 1050-1100
1870 1430 1500-1570
840 130-i60 250-400
S/133/61/000/002/009/014
A0544033
Oxidation and Decarbonization of Steels in Heating Furnaces Fired With
Natural Gas
The preheating of the air, which is necessary with the incomplete combustion
of the natural gas, can be attained by conventional air heaters. Non-oxidiz-
ing heating reduces cindering and at the same time, the thickness of the de-
carbonized layer. However, the decrease of this layer is less considerable
than the decrease in losses due to cindering. To reduce decarbonization
other methods therefore, have to be applied in addition to incomplete com-
bustion, as, e.g., coating with siliceous slag (Ref-5), A.A. Aleksandrov and
Yu.A. PanIkov: The Application of Coatings to Protect Steels from Oxidation
and Decarbonization During Heating; in the collections Processing of Metals
and Heat Treatment; annex to Stall, 1959, ppo 214-240) or by blowing lithium
oarbonate into the furnace to form a protecting coating on the metal surface
(Ref.6& F. Neuberger, et al. Fertigungstechnik, 1957, Vol-7,No.10 and Ref-7:
H.W. Steadingt Industrieblatt, 1958, Vol-58,No-4). There are 9 figures and
7 references (4 Soviet and 3 Non-Soviet).
Card 5/11
S/133/61/000/002/009/'014
A054/AO33
Oxidation and Decarbonization of Steels in Heating Furnaces Fired With
Natural Gas
ASSOCIATIONSt MINT , Zavod "Krasnyy Oktyabr" ("KraBnyy Oktyabr" Plant)
Card 6/11