SCIENTIFIC ABSTRACT MANSKAYA, S.M. - MANSUROV, A.M.

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• Collection: Scientific Abstracts
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• Sequence Number: 3
• Publication Date: December 31, 1967
• Content Type: SCIENTIFIC ABSTRACT

CA
Liviln from lignitirs
sLaY4, Allid At. N
S S R 70, 7W liq 111-51 Imill I",-
tt)Kk-zd dep-Aits of varying ages, conducted [IV C-9-1111ve
extn . with C.1f.. F*t.0 (extti. ,( babtains and tafs). IN). 2117,
\'ftOlf (aCklifitratlim to sive aromatic aldehydes), hydrolysis
w0h 217c liCl. hydrcAysiq with 72% INSO.. and alk. PhSO,
OxIdAtitm 111kilct Pfr"Ifir (Yielding Onlulatic Othichylles), "ve
the following rrsults. AttmiAtk- uldchyd" (vanillin) weir
14xind in all specimens, the yuutigcf deposits "mix. the
larm quantities; old" specimens from Tr6p-sir depoicits
aPpear to Show evideswr of setn"IdItry clMd"uttion rvAr-
The MeO nurtsher duips with ace of the delwl"Is
C. M K

MAKSINIOV, N. A. and MANSKAYA, S. M.
"V. I. Palladin and the Significance of His Works for the Development of
Biochemistry and Vegetable Physiology of the Fatherland," Biochemistry (Biokhimiya),
Vol. 17, Issue No. 2, Press of the AS USSR, Moscow, 1952.

1. MOSKAYA, S.U.- BARDINSKAYA, M. S.
2. USSR (600)
4. LiGain
7. LiViin in growing wood. Biokhiniia 17 n0.6 1952
9. Month& List of Axesian Lc_cessio4s., Iibrary of Congrese. Karch 1953. Unclassified.

XAMSUTA, SON*; RAlt INSKAYA, M.S,
Aromatle compounds in the cellular membrane of peat moss. BlokhIndia
19 no.3:332-335 Xr-Je 154. OMM 7:8)
1. Institut gookhtmil t wmlIt1cheskoy WWI In. T.I.Vernadskago
Akademil nauk SSSR. 2. Institut bioWall Im* A.N.Bakha Akadeall
nank SSSR. Koskva.
(PUNTS.
peat moss, arowtic apda, In)

---
R- ~-, -, :;~ , r :--
a

S.M.: DROZDOVA, T.V.; TEKEL'TANDVA, M.P.
~KAYA
"OR , ~-
Uranium binding humic acids and malanoidines [with Siglish
umr-ry in inserit. Gookhimila no.4:10-23 '56. (MT-RA 9:11)
:
. Institut geokhlmti I analiticheskoy khimit Imeni
V.I. Vernadekogo Akademil aauk SSSR, Moskva.
(Uranium) (Humic acid) (Melanoidine)

USSR/Soil Science. Biolof_-y of Soils.
Abs Jour: Ref Zhur-Biol., No 6, 1958, 24719.
Author ~--~nska ~q-S~.
Inst
Title Ways of Transforming Organic Matter in Natural
Processes.
Orig Pub: Priroda, 1957, No 1, 26-31.
Abstract: The basic components of liGnin are P. substance of
the phenyl-propane series. From coniferous wood
species, vanilin is secretdd, while from the wood
of deciduous types, besides vanilin, lilac aldehyde
is also secreted. In the limified walls, n-OX:r-
benzildehyde and coniferyl aldehyde are found. Aro-
matic derivLtives cf liGnin can participa+s in the
Card 1/3
j-2

USSR/Soil Science. Bioloa of Soils.
,',bs Jour- Ref Zhur-Biol., no 6, 1958, 24719.
foxTaation of condensed hw.Ac substances. Vanilin
was found in stumps on peat-boGs sioultaneously
with crystals of the mineral scheererite (C18H18)
and fichtelite (C.18%). Mese miu~erals are -,ene-
t1cally connected wi h abietic acid - a conponent
of the sap of conifers. , hi G1,, -mole culcr natural
compound of chitin, by hydrolysis with acids, Gives
equivalent quantities -of ,lycosmine and acetic
acid. In 1 gn of arable soil there was found
I million chitin-destroyin~ bacteria, mold and ray
funt,-uses, under the action of the enzyue chitinase,
secreted by these raicroor~;anisms, chitin splits
into n-acetyl-jlycasamirie. jlLmino acid and suf,.ar
products of the decomposition of this substance
enter into reaction durin,-, heatinG with the for-mr-
Card 2/3

USSR/Soil Science. BiolDCy of Soils.
'.be Jour: Ref Zhur-Biol., No 6, 1958, 24719.
tion of cLark-col3red products - melanoidins.
As a result of the bioloGical destruction of
lic~nin, clitin and gums, siziple monomeric com-
pounds are formedj which, enterine into reaction
with various substances, -rive rise to humic acids
melanoidins, constitutin,~ the br~sis of the organic
substances of soils, peats and coals.
Card 3/3

USSR/Plant Physiology. Respiration and Metabolism I
Abs Jour : Ref Zhur-Biol., No 13, 1958, 58205
kuthor :-4L'ansk4.YA__S. M.
Inst : Not givena--
Title :Biosynthesis and Decomposition of Lignin
Orig Pub :Uspekhi sovrem. biol., 1957, 44, No 1, 19-36
kbstract :k survey. On the basit. of her own research work
and data obtained by other research workers, the
author assumes that the formation of lignin in
plants takes place through shikimolic acid, p-
oxypheny! pyruvic acid, and then by the conden-
sation of compounds of coniferyl alcohol and----
products of its oxidation. Hypotheses are develo-
ping also on the possibility of the biological
decomposition of lignin and the utilization of
its decomposition products in metabolism.
Card 1/1

KASSKAU, S.M., doktor biologichookM nauk.
Transformation of organic matter in natural processes. Priroda 46
no.1:26-31 Ja '57. 0MU 10:2)
1. Institut gookhtmii i analiticheskoy khtmil im. T.I.Ternadakogo
Akademil nauk SM, Nosk7a.
(Humid acid) (Chemistry, Organic)

KANSKAYA. S.H.; DROZDOVA, T.V.; YEKILtYAROVA, H.P.
-
Binding of copper by various forma of natural organic compounds.
(with summar7 in English]. Fochvovedenie no. 6:41-48 Je '58.
(MIRA 11:7)
1. Institut geokhimii i analiticheskov khtmii im. V.1.
Vernadskogo AN SSSR.
(C per organic compounds)
IMinerals in soil)

170)
AUTHORS: Manskaya, S. H., Kodina, L. A. SOV//2o-125-4-4)/!53
TITLE: quinic and Shikimic Acids in Plants (Khinnaya i shikimovaya
kisloty v rasteniyakh)
PERIODICAL- Doklady Akademii nauk SSSR, 1958, Vol 123, Nr 4,
pp 733 - 736 (USSR)
ABSTRACT: Shikimic acid occurs in the fy-uit of t.-e Japanese --.ice
(Shikimi-Noki) Illicium reli,.-iosum a9 well as in the leaves
of the Ginkgo tree (Ginkgo biloba) (Refs 1,2). It in
structurally related to --uinic C4 d (1,3,4,5-tetra-oxy-cyclo-
hexane- 1 - carbox-
,,lic acid): 3,4,5-trioxy-cyclohexene-l-carboxy-
lie acid. quinic acid is genctically related t- glii-ose:in
metabolism it forms _-,i intermediate member between carbohydrates
and aromatic compounds;. In the lact yearn attention virin
attracted by shikinic acid as predecessor of ;iro:r,-.tic compounds
in the living cell. it mrLy be consi,le.-ed to be t~-.-, predecesoor
of tyrosine, phenyl alanine, tryptophane, and p-arnino benzoic
acid in bacterium Esc~.erichia coli and other bacteria(Refs 7,9).
The transformation of Phikimic acid in aromatic units of
Card 113 lignine (Ref 10), as well as fiirther occiirrences in pl%nts,

Quinic and Shikimic Acids in .-Plants
and the experimental results in this field (Refs 11-14) are
of special interr.st. The investit,,ation of the two acids in
question was made difficult by the lack of exact chemical
methods of determination, which have been devised in Japan
recently (Refs 15 - 17). The authors intended to investi~,ate
the distribution of the two acids in the young shoots and cones
of pines (Pinus silvestris) during their development and
lignification. The quinic acid isolated was identified accord-
ing to its mclting point at 1620, ohikimic acid by that at
1840, and also according to the color reactionf3 and according
to the position on the chromatograms (Fig 1), and finJly
according to the absorption spectra in the ultraviolet range.
The content of both acids in the roung shoots (quinic acid
5.23, shikimic acid 5.5% of diy weight) was considerable.
0
Table 2 shows the determinations of the contents as related
to the individual parts; bark, needles, in the wood in its
development, and in the cambium an well as in the buds of the
next year. Their content was highest in the needles, and lowest
in the cambium and in the wood. In the green cones the content,
Card 2/3 especially of shikimic acid, increases and1then decreases

Quinic and Shikimic Acids in Plants SO V,/2o- 12 7,-4- A 5 1/ 5 3A
towards the end of July wnen the cozies be,-~in to lignify.
Probably both acids are still used for the synthesis of com-
pounds of the lignane type or for t.,Lqning materials. The
transformation of shiki-nic acid into quercetin war proved
(Ref 19). There are 1 figure, 3 tables, and 10~ references,
4 of which are Soviet.
AS50CIATIOIT: Institut geokhin;-'Li i analiticheskoy khimii im. V. I. Vernads-
kogo Akademii nauk SSSR (Institute of Geocl-iemistry and Analytical
Chemistry imeni V. I. Vervft(!L;1-iyIAcademy of Sciences,USSR)
PRESENTED: July 10, 195S, by A. P. Vinogradov, Academician
SUBMITTED: June 7, 1956
Card 3/13

MANSJUYA. S.M.
Academician Vladimir Ivanarich Palladin; on-hunderth anniverear7
of his birth. Izv. AN SSSR- Ser.biol. 24 no.6t929-934 N-D 159.
(MIRA 13:4)
(PALIADIN, VLADIMIR IVAROVICH, 1859-1922)

TMADSKIT, Vladimir I-vanovich, skademik; VINOGRADOV, A.P., akademik,
otv.red,; KAUSKATA,--.S.U., doktor biolog.nauk. red.; DROZDOVA.
T.T.. 'NOVICHKOVA, N.D.. te~dm.red,
USelected woexal Izbrannve sochineniia.
nauk SSSR- Vol-5. ig6o. 422 p.
(GEOCHEMISTIRT) (LIFE (BIOLOGT))
Moskva, Izd-vo Aknd.
WU 13:5)
I M, M'Mmrw

Ills-1-,41V19 1

Uum JMJZnKU, (fnu) ##Ibly H. S. BZUN4Krl,
Ukrainian 0, tfl, Se-rch Institu-s of
X-Ith R, . and Balneol. , Od-) Paper
reports to be t V11.
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to be , MCGI ~13.6.tcn VF
7th Intl Coop' M,
; Lamu, A-U., doll IC5`LItUtC IMi V.
land R.I., '.L M - -yWp AC&d=y of Soleness LM, mo..c,v
awl
choo leval is
of WrIalm
and Moir
4- 9 04Y o, rl.. for (a.s. I- V2 1 .1.0
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claimm, 84fislen VII)

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JWW-QMX&A-JU-1- I :..tit t. of for..%
Moscov - The task
A sd*M of ActeneIs MP
of bi.1.0.41 f"tr. L. t~A datcmwsi~lcm of
the arpalc parts of peat.. (Session, 1)

4~. and tP.CZW/A. T, ., both of the
Y
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V,-.d.kl,, A.*d,.y f

fticn- MCM, N.-- - 'or 1~ Coo,
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and their relation 7-
Director, State Scientific
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T
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II)
ZAMYATIN, S. 1. Iva%lt.ze of P-1gloval PeUvokiy,
K-kh SM, Al- Ats
Be. -I f::,-. in Vb. Ka-kh 60*

KANSUYA, S.M.; BROVOTA. T.T.; YEMIYANOTA6, N. P.
Distribution of copper In peats anrl peat soils of the White
Russian S.S.R. Gedchimila no.6:52"40 060. (MIRA 13: 10)
1. Institut gookhimii I analiticheakoy khizii im. T.I.Vernadukago
AN SSSEL, Moskva. '
(White Russ ia-Peat--Awdyais) (copper)

.HA~~~DROZDOVA, T.V.; YEMELIYANOVA, M.P.
Forms of complex formation between copper and organic matter in peat
soils of the White Russian S.S.R. Trudy hiogeokhim. lab. no.11:65-
69 160. (MIRA 14: 5)
1. 'Inst-Itut geokhiTnii i arialiticheskoy Ichimii imeni V.I.Vernadskogo
AN SSSR.
(WHITE RUSSIA-PEAT SOILS)
(COPPER ORGARIC CCONP0U=S)

JY-A S.M., VROZI~OVA, T.V. (USSR)
MANSY
"BiogeochemistrY of Ilatural Orfanic Coimpounds. it
Report presented at ti.e 5th int'l Bliochenistry Gonf-ress,
Moscow, 10-16 Aug 1~61;

MANSKAYA., S.M.; DROZDDVA, T.V.; DAWSOVA, R.F.; TOBELKOS K.I.
Biogeochemistry-of germanium, Geokbimiia no.5433-439 161.'
(MIRA 1,40)
1. V. I. Verhadsky Institute of Geochemistry and Analytical
Chemistry, Academy of Sciences U.S.S.R." Moscow.
(Germanium)
(Peat)

MANSKAYA, S.M.; KODINA, L.A.
Aromatic monomers of lignin in lignites,, their possible role
in the concentration of uranium, germanium, vanadium. Geo-
khimiia no,4:370-382 Ap 163. (MIRA 16:7)
1. Vernadsky Institute of Geochemistry and Analytical Chemistry,
Academy of Sciences, U.S.S.R. Moscow.
(Lignin) (Lignitel (Metals)

y em a A
BARLDRISKAYA, Margarita Serge- 'de-.easedl; A.:
akademik, otv. red.i red.
-T. A., , e-A
V Y e. , red. ; SHU Lif-I'li'l ,r
PAVLINOVA, O.A., ved~
[Plant cell walls and thie '. r some
ths chemistry, an(i
Cation) RastAte-L'Inye J 1,.r~
nie; nekotoi-ye v,:p--is-, khJr.-J, ~)~ckhimii "Jz-*-)Ij-,,:
o6revesneniia, Na~'ka

MANSKAYA, Saft~a t4olsqewita, dokTov b1c.l. riauk, latlyana
~ycvna;-kiVK.' -6iol. nauk; VlV)Ga.,l-.-(,()V, A.F., akra.,io--mik,
otv. red .
(Geochemistry o f orgar..-- c ma tte r 1 (1,eok.hin * i a o i-gani vhv,!kogc)
ves~chestva. Ponkva, Naukn, -1964'. 314 ;-. lp-.Il)

MAN,%AYAI SOM.; DRDSDOVFA, T.V.; KRAVTSOVA, R.P.
F6ims.of gt-rmanium compounds with organic matter of coal* Geokblmlia
r.6.,2i.168_lcn F f65. (WRA 18:6)
3. Institut &khimii i ann1iticheskay khimii impni Vernadekogo
-All SSSR) Moskva.

oil,
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H. LAws WHU as.Cham.. IM.
In a Oe WOW awtate In CIICI 7
I-d-
00 -p- ~--- = _0 0
is cc liv, of tha solvL1vaL Tho diffavinow fiju~f 0
bo.-woeu Mamnt umplas am > would fdlow from
mol. wL diliferwass, ad an ascribed to VaTM
*OW r0 0
contmts at impurities of a high 9p. m. R.

t moo
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d tv o
L2 -.1 L A 41TALLURGICAL UINNATM CLASSOPICATION
led", 60.11W. 160
SNAQWJ 4if Qv cog d'a 041. Is,
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m,ANSKI W. 7 Zakladu mikrobir~logii Lekarokiel w- llroclawiu. 0 ctestosci ifyqtpnowania
siib_sl~,_Ji -rupowych na -oodstav.,ie badania nl-rnow Yrevuency of an'Pearance of grout substances
baned upon the investipations nf bod-r fluids Polski lrygodnik Lekarqki, Warsaw 1949, 4/24
k,7~-7'Z6) Tables 3
The author investi,~_rated 1,010 gastric juices as to the cintent of groun substances by
the method of inhibition of isoagglutination, and found for the groun 0: 27.3:t 1,41; A: 0.5-t
1.55; B: 21.6:~1-30; AB: 10.6tO.9: while in the blood cells it was 0: 32.5'0.33; A:IM.4-0.34;
B: 20.5-0.28; A13: b.9-rO.20
Tl~e_ difference fo-r the ~7roup 0:5.2-1.44 (between the freauency in the blood and the body
fluids) is statistically si7nificant. In other ~aords the properties A and B were fo*,Lnd to ap
pear iore freauently in gastric juice than in blood.
To illustrate this fact the author discusses the followinF possibilities: (a) Difference
in the occurrence of blood group substances in body and in erythrocytes. (b) The blood sub-
stances are much more concentrated in gastric juice than in blood, so that lwe,~~kl group
substances cannot be detected in blood and can be found easier in body fluids. The existing
sero-ant:iro-o~,lo,~ical data may recquire correction in this light. The proportion of 'non-
secretors' in particular blood groups should be accepted as a basic conditicn of this dis-
cussion. Author (IV,6)
So: Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, Section rV, Vol 3, No. 1-6

HANSKI, W.; SLOKSKA, J.
9 1 = - waftdwdo . .
Proliminar7 investigations on the biochemistry of Rh factor. Ned.
doew.milcrob. 2 no.2:149 1950. (CLML 20:6)
1. Summary of report-given at 10th Congress of the Polish Microbio-
logical and lpidemiological Society held in Gdansk, Sept. 1949.
(Wroclaw)

C&
Chemical analysis of ~mXcv go pf i (7ro..
claw Univ.. PoUnd). if D =Wz 4A " 2.
from gaitric juice of hunum and
pign of group A wrre ~ Oulactose and N-acctyl-2-
Ithicommine in a ratio 2:1 ivrre the -in ts.
No mannow and no gAwtummine werr P. r1=001?
fvtm~ of methIrIptoto-e were fonnd. I Z. R,
116-
i 141

FLARK, I.; SKURSKA, Z.; ~LANSKI. V.
Experimental chemotherapy of typhoid with new sulfoamide-sulfe-
tyne prepartLtion. Med.doaw.mikrob. 2 no.2:21.6 1950. (CLmL 2o-.6)
1. Summary of the report given at 10th Congress of the Polish Mi-
crobiological and 'Apidemiological Society held in Gdansk, Sept.
1949. (Wroclaw.)

b"tance
of the CrImp k
no cheinistfy
3. :%%6 YA
IIW jklk'V ill).
IJ h'r
Kil A K
it . .....
I., '-"' , -- I
% ti It. Igi-11" it-
-vivi it"mi., J." A1.1
tmf
t--J' W
to " f[w igglutaluipm
I

MAUSYJ-. V.; KOZIROJ, H.
Comparative study of the chemical structure of blood group
ABO and IeP-. Foleki tygod. lek. 6 noe. 25-26:812-814 25 June 1951.
(CLKL 21:1)
1. Of the Institute of Medical Microbiology in Wroclaw.

MISKI, W.;KOZDROJ, ff.
11
Comparative studies on chemical structure of blood groups
ABO and Les'. Ked. dosw. mikrob., Warsz. 4 noo 3;342 1952.
(GLKL 23:3)
1, Summary of work progress presented at 11th Congress of Polish
Kicrobiologists held in Krakow Kay 1951. 2. Wroclaw.

MANSKI, Wladyslaw; KOZDROJ. Helem
MW^MMUW~
Inwestigations on dextran.III.Polydispersion of molecular
weights and certain plWalological and serologicd properties
of &xtran. Arch. trams tar, doev. 2:111-126 19,44.
1. Instytut Immunologii i Terapti Dosw1adczainej PAN we
Yroclawiu.(Dyrektor: prof. dr L. Hirsafeld) Dzial Biochemii
(Kierownik: dr W.Manaki)
(DMaMR.
polydispersion of i$olecular weight-and physiol.
& serol.properties)

MANSKI. WL claw- KOZDROJ, Helena
Bioebemistry of blood group substances. II. Preparation of blood
group substances from animal material. Arch. immun. tar. dcow.
3:347-358 1955.
1. Instytut Immunologii i Terapit Doswiadczalnej PAN we
Wroclawtu (Dyrektor: prof. 4r. L. Hirazfald) Dzial Blocbamii
(Kierownik: doc. dr. W. "'ki).
(BLOOD GROUPS,
A, B & 0 substance, prop. from ani-jal organs (Pol))

MANSKI, Wladyslaw; KOZDROJ, Helena; RADOLA, Michal
--bjo~frai~ try of blood group subetances. X. Studies on inactivation
of group substance A. Arch. i-gun. ter. dosw. 3:359-365 1955.
1. Instytut Immnologit i Terapii Doewiadczalnej PAN we Wroclaviu
(Dyrektor: prof. dr. L. Hirszfmld) Dzial Biochemli (Kierownik:
doc. dr. W. Kanaki).
(BLOOD GROUPS,,
A substance, I W tivation (Pol))

IR6~kA MIQ Sec.16 -Vol. 6/4- Cancer April 58
142 The e
op?;s ffed of some Ityridirusulphonamide compoundf on in Litro cultures of normal and
e tic tissues MANSKI W. and ZAWISZA W. Dept. of Biochem., L. Hirszfeld Inst. of
n
1 2
Immunol. and L'x`p-.Ther., Wroclaw. Bull. Acad. polon. Sci. 1957, 517-8 (23 - 37)
(231-237) Tables 3
The authors suppose that compounds having a strong selective effixt on neoplastic
tissue, ought tobe looked for inparasubstitutcd derivatives of pyridinesulphonamides.
Schwartz - Warren, Pa.

Cj
P(j _J~
2. 2 -5 1
Ls,%', C(
z,i . , %t . !~ ", : 7
it In lctivatc'd Y.. z
Usild at about n~
Z::i.re is a t )n s 1 4 ";l
r. i1 activ,.iv i6 ir."Lil i:.
i"(2store co!nplcmera acti,, ity m 4,,(! v"':;(
m tne case of WQed.c.~~, cx-chan~"c. "'ra;1z",
immunized 4~nr~ 'i,!S. Of i~e id,
roved most inno ... UOUS and producorl rf; effects,
t ra n. 1)
tered to the aninn;ils n,,:ii,.-; uries ;~ncl, ~It S~.ort FrciLuri,

4.
EXCERPTA MEDICA Sec 4 Vol 12/2 Med. Micro. Feb 59
769. A MUCOPROTEIN WITH BLOOD GROUP ACTIVITY - M a fl s k i W. and
K o z d r o j H. - BULL. ACAD. POLON. SCI. 1957, 5/11 TS57--363T-G-raphs I
Tables 3
A mucoprotein with blood group activity was obtained by peptic digestion of group
A pig stornach and by solubilization of human stomach tissues with urea. Both pr:-?-
parations possessed similar physico-chemical properties and were homogenous
in solubility tests and in electrophoretic examination. The authors stresa the fact
that blood group substances can occur not only as m-acopolysaccharides and
mucolipids, but also as mucaproteins. Dubiski - Zabrzf -Rokitnica

General ?roblems of P-,-t'U11oloL;y. Dariunity.
Abs Jour : Ref - Zhar i1o. 3, 19;39, 1-4425
Aut"lor : M,-Lnski, W.~; VoFel, LI. ; Zylb,-1-rbt-rg, i,
Inot : Pollsh Acrdemy cf Sci,-nces
Title : GomDlem,-%nt ifLLctiv,~+Vlo:~ In vivo :ind in vitro.
0 vi,, Pub : Bull. Ac,-.d. )olon. sci., 1957, C1.2, 5, No. 9,
237-'1_93, MV'IT
Abstr-:ct : Some poly cac ciir~ridu - .nd thcir sulfonz--Alcd derl-
V~ations werr- Inveotit--,ated .--ith the purT7,os~-, of
finding the substances with the greatest anti-
complementarity and lenst toxicity for its
possible use In Inaibitioia of Immune hemolysis
in h--.molytlc dloeas,3s. In vitro thj com,)lGmt;n,
(C) of rabbit, guinea pig and m,~.,.n war, Inactivated:
soluble (depolymerized) inulin (I), '-Iiepirin (I!),
Card -,-,/ 3
3

POL_-Z~D / General Problems of PatholoSy. immunity. j
our 'qof. '7hur - B1oloL,,iy!.., 3, 11)59, 1~425
Congo rcd, aqua blue in a concentration of
4.5-5 mg/Ml; -ermt-.nin (III), IIj agar -.) M ml;
0 IV
zyrnozanc~ (III'l- 0.6 a,~Vml; 1-0-S, m,3/1,al; :ulfon,-..-
ted dextran M- 0.075 - 0.1 m9lol. They in-
activated C"13. In exp.~riments on rabbits and
guinea o1gs, 0 was inactivated by V (3%,/m1),
111 (310 mg/ml), I and TLV (100 meglml). The
duration of complete inactivation of C is larger
In guinea pigs (for 111 40 min., for V 70 m1n.),
than in rabbits (15 min.); restoration of tile
initial titer of 0 Is faotf;r in gulnea pir6s
(,tfter 70-125 riin.) than in rabbits (after 2210
Ln.). The leLLet toxic In vivo are V and III
even nith frequent multiple Introduction. ~171he
moct toxic 16 1. Since the S03H group enterin
C rd 2/3

General Problems of Patholo6y. Immunity. U
.,,)s Jour Ref. Zhur - 3iclo,iya, 1\4o. 19c-9,
Into the cori))ositit)n of II, V, III, 'Iongo rod
and aqUR blue, whIc., Inactivate C, it 16 aozunied
that It determines the anticomplementary and
anticoa,~uj-ativc properti,2s of the given compounds.
Therefore it follo,.-.,s trilt C1-3, similar to pro-
thrombin, IS "L prot~-In which hL~s In all probabil-
ity many alk-allne rovc"ivQ c~roupls. -- F. L. Buch
Card 5/3
4

;~A~-SKI, W.; V020110J, H.
I tudies on polymorphons subatances In blood groups. Acta biochem. T)o1on.
5 n0-3:245-266 1958.
1. Z Instytutu Biochemii i Biofizyki PAN w Warszswie.
(BLOOD GRaIM,
nolymorphous substances (Poi))

MANSKI, WIndyclaw; ZTLBMNRG, Aurelia
IM)ortance of the spleen for the complement & complement components.
Med. dosw. mDwob. 10 no.l-.47-52 1958.
1. Z Instyt-utu Immunologii t Terapit Doewtadozalnej Im. ludwika
Hirszfelda P. A. M. we Wroclawiu Dzial Biochemii. Kierownik.- doc. dr
W. Manski.
(SPLICIN, pbysiol.
relation to complement titer & complement components (Pol))
(GOMPLBKW
relation of spleen to complement titer & complement
components (Pbl))

MANSKI, Wladyalaw; V00,3L, Harian; ZTLBMMG, Aurelia
Effect of various polysacchar idea, sulfonic derivatives of oolysaacharides
& aromatic salts of sulfe-acids on the complement. Hed. doew. mikrob.
10 no.1:53-60 1958.
1. Z Instytutu Immunologii i Terapii Doewiadozalnej im. Liudwika
Hirssfeids 0. A. N. we Wroclawiu Dzial Biochemii Kierownik: doe. dr
W. Manski.
(POLTSACCHAREM, eff.
on complement (POI))
((;OMPLT4INT, eff. of drugs on
-polysaccharides, sulfur-containing -oolysacchariea &
aromatic salts of sulfa-acids (Pol))

MANSKI, Wlad,79law; ZYLBMERG, Aurelia,
Inactivation of the 3d component of complement & the hemo4tic processes
in vivo. Red. doew. mikrob. 10 no.1:61-69 1958.
1. Z Instytutu Immunologii I Terapii Doewladazalnej im. Ludwika EEirsafelda
P. A. N. we WrocIRwin Dzial Biochemii Kierownik: doe. dr W. Mansk-..
(COMPLMCM, eff. of drugs on
suramin & oulfodextran on 3d complement component (Pol))
(SURMIN, eff.
inactivation of 3d coffolement comnonent & hetaolysis (Pol))
(DMCTRAS, eff.
sulfodextran In activation -)f 3d complement component &
hemolyais %Pol))
(HEMOLYS TS
anti-hemolytic eff. of surawin & ouLfodextran (Pol))

- MANSKI, Vladyslaw: KIRMZrdSXk-NDIYMdSWA, Halina
----------
Compound complement in Wassermann reaction. Mad. doew. mDzrob. 10 no-3:
321-326 1958.
1, Z Instytutu Immunologii i Terapil Doewiadozalnej im. IndvikEL Hirsz-
felda.
(WASSEPMU IMOTION,
compound complement (Pol))

KANSKI. Vladyalaw; WMMM, Henryka; WILIMOWSKI, Marian
--Rawww"90"
3ffect of insulin on glycemic curve in bymothermia. Red. dosw. aikrob.
10 no.3:367-376 1958.
1. Z Instytutu Immunologii I Terapli Doewiadazelnej im. Indwika Hires-
felda.
(HMTHIRMU, axper,
eff. of insulin on glycenic curve in rabbits (Pol))
(BLUOD SUGAR,
in hypotherm3e, eff. of insulin In rabbits (Pol))
MISULIN, effects,
on blood sugar in hypothermia in rabbits (Pol))

MANSKI, WUdyslaw; ZAWISZA, WanAa
Gytotoxic properties and structure of oulfapyridine compounds. mad.
doaw. milwob. 10 no-3:377-383 1958.
1. 2 Instytutu Imimmologii i Terapii Doewiadezalnaj im. Ludwika
Hirazfelda.
(CYTOXIC MUG6,
sulfapyridines (Pol))
(SULFOUMDW,
oulfapyridines, aytotoocic eff. & structure (Pol))

KAHSKIY. M. -
Unlvoq4al ton for making concrete steps. Strottell 2 no.3:12
Nr 156. NM 9:12)
(Concrete construction-Formwork)
(Stair building)

smatts sbv' t tj~5

Lit!

WSURDV, A. ,
Heat production b"sed on monthly graphe. Nauka i pered.op.v
sellkhoz. 9 no.8:21-22 Ag '59. MIRA 12:12.)
1. Sakretarl Panfilovskogo Rayonnogo komitsta Kommunistichaskoy
partii Kazakhatana.
(Stock and stockbreeding)

MANSUROVA, A.F.
Carbohydrate metabolim in cotton geads in the process of
their ripening. Vop. biol. i kraev. med. n0-4:5-10 163.
(MIRA 17:2)

KANSUROT, A.L. inshener (g. Klyev)
~- ~.
Integrated crows in assembling and waIdJng pipelines. Strol.
pred.neft.prom. 2 no.5:5-9 MY '57. (MLRA 10:7)
(Pipelines) ~Electric welding)

iI-~ A 6~ V~ ~ " ~ C'JI-A - 1,
AUTHOR; Mansurov, A. I., Engineer (Kiyev). Trunk 95-11-J4/lL
TITLE.' A Case of Excess in Wdstruction oZf4pellaw (Ob odnom izlishestve
na stroitel'stve magistralInykh truboprovodov).
PERIODICAL: Stroitel'stvo Predpriyatiy Neftyanoy Promyshlennosti, 1957, Nr 11,
pp. 12-13 (USSR).
ABSTRACT: According to regulations at present in force for the construction
of main pipelines it is necessary, for the purpose of controlling
the quality of welding, that every welder must weld one weld point
for every 2oo butt-joints, which must be subjected to mechan'-cal
investigations with respect to cracks and bending. If the expenses
for electrodes, operation of welding aggregates, production of samples,
cutting out of rollers, etc. are taken into account, the annual ex=
penses for the investigation of testa. and control-points will exceed
2,ooo.ooo roubles. Besides, these investigations are carried out in
form of random tests and convey no clear impression of the quality
of the butt-joints left in the pipeline.
The considerable stresses caused in the pipelines during building
make it possible to do without the mechanical random tests of indivi-
dual, weld points, and they may be replaced by an investigation of
Card 13 all butt-joints without any additional costs.

A Case of*Excess In Construction of Trunk Eipelines. 95-11-4/14
The investigations carried out by the research institute as well
as the data given fully confirm the existence of considerable tens
sions in the pipelines in the course of their erection, which are
caused by bending etc. When the pipes are laid these tensions attain
the yield point.
The investigation of butt-joints by lifting up the pipe-'Unes is
best carried out in the following manner: In the course of the process
of welding the tubes an increased control of welding operations
connected with mounting must be carried out the separate tube section
having a length of 25.3o m, which, before being laid, was welded
together, must be subjected to mechanical investigation after over-
head welding, after which it is laid. Faulty butt-joints will, on this
occasion, show cracks or will break completely. The occurrence of
cracks and other damage can easily be ascertained by a sound effect.
Faulty butt-joints must be removed and the pipeline must be newly
welded. This operation must be carried out by a highly-qualified
welder. Butt.joints found by external inspection must be irradiated
by means of gamma rays. After removal of the faults found insulation
of the pipeline is carried out. After investigwAon of butt-joints
the pipeline is twice investigated with respect to its tightness. In
the course of further centering this section of the pipeline will
Card 2/3 operate normally for 6 years.

A Case of Excess in Construction of Trunk 13ipalines. 95-11-4/14
There are 2 figures.
AVAILABLE: Library of Gongresse
Card 313

MANSUROV, A.I., inzh.
M-1 flexible centering clamp made of steel cable. StrOi.
truboprovod. 6 no.8:19 Ag 161. (KEM 14:8)
1. Stroitellno-montazhnoye upravleniye No.11 tresta
Ukrgazneftestroy, ftlev.
(Pipe-Welding) (Wire rope)

MANMMOV, A.I.
How can a eftw of overhead welders w6ld 1000 m. of pipe peer shift?
Strol. truboprov. 8 no.3:24 Mr 163. '(MM 16:5)
1. Glavnyy inzh. stroitellno-montazhnogo upravleniya. No.11 treSta
Ukrgaaneftestroy, Kiyev.
(Pipelines-Welding)

UROV, A.K
On the biology of Habrobracon hebator Say (Plotnikovi BDgu-
ijubov-brevicornis Vesm.),, parasite of the bollworm in Andixhan
Province. Topbiol.i kraev.med. no.31170-IT7 t62. (MIRA 1613)
(Aj9DIZHAN PROVINCE-ICHNEM40N FLIM)
(ANDIZM PROVINCE-BOLLWORK-BIOIDGICAL CONTROL)

ming. JIMU
-r= --I Ins papar,
(Avel u. Gicaserci Techn., 1052, 2, L , 0-31TT
translated froin Autoinubil; find Practor Industry, (Moscow).
1951, No. 1, briefly clescribeN the making of cams and valves
by die forging-n. A. it.

S.I.; KARSURGY, IN.- W OVSKIY, S.N., doktor takhatchask1kh
. K=
nauk, profassor,RT-sChIsinr-, ROZAKOV, B.V., kandidat takhnichaskikh nauk,
redaktor.
EmechanAzation of forge shops] Kekhanizateiis v ktLznechnykh tookhakh.
Moskva, Goo. nauchno-takha. izd-vo mashinostrolt. I sudoatrolt. lit-ry,
1954. 294 p. (MMA 7:6)
(Forging)

112-1-1398
Translation from: Referativnyy Zhurnal, Elektrotekhnika, 1957,
Nr 1, p. 214 (USSR)
AUTHOR: Mansurov, A.M.
TITLE: Automation of Production Processes in Forging-and-
Stamping Shops (Avtomatizatsiya tekhnologicheakikh
protsessov v kuznechno-shtampovykh tsekhakh)
PERIODICAL. Sbornik: Avtomatizatsiya tekhnol. protsessov v
mashinostr. Goryachaya obrabotka metallov. Moscow,
AN SSSR, 1955, ~p.'16-21-
ABSTRACT: Bibliographic entry
Card 1/1

1; KAMMWV A K - ARISTM, V.K., kandidat tekhnicheekikh usuk, retsensent;
KNIVITbILIT, V.L. inzhener, redaktor; PMWA. S.K., tekhnichaskly
redaktor.
[Automation of forgingj Avtomatizataiia v kusnechnom proizvodstve.
Mookwa. Goo. m.,uchno-takhn. ind-vo mashinostroit. lit-ry. 1956.
158 p. (KLRA 9:4)
(AntomAtion) (Forging machinery)

Vj
AID P - 4273
Sub.'ect USA/Engineering
Card 1/1 Pub. 128 - 31/33
Author : Mansurov, A. M., Laureate of the Stalin Prize, Engineer
Title : Automatic forging production lines in the plants of the
USA and England.
Periodical : Vest. mash., #1, p. 84-87, ja 1956
Abstract The automatic production line installed in the Dodge
automobil plant in which steel crankshafts are forged,
heat treated and descaled (not by pickling but by the
mechanical means of shot blasting) is described.
Diagrams.
Institution : None
Submitted : No date

auroat Stalinskoy premii.
Keebanization, and automatization of production in hot forging
shops. Avt. i trakt. prom. no.6:24-27 Js '56. (91,RA 9:9)
1. Giproavtoprom.
(forging)

NANWROV, A.M., inshener.
1 -1 -;..
Modern automatic and mechanized equipment for annealing blanks to
be forged. Vest.mash. 36 n0.10.'77-84 0 156. (MT-RA 9:11)
(Forging machiner7) (Furnaces, Heat-treating)

P1,4 /,/ 5w g V, A /"~ 137-58-5-9573
Translation from: Referativnyy zhurnal, Metallurgiya, 1958, Nr 5, p 106 (USSR)
AUTHOR: M
TITLE: Mechanization and Automation in Forge Work (Mekhanizatsiy3
i avtomatizatsiya v kuznechnom proizvodstve)
PERIODICAL: V sb.: Progressivn. metody shtampovki i kovki. Khar'kov,
Oblizdat, 1957, pp 43-69
ABSTRACT: Bibliographic entry. Ref. RzhMet, 1957, Nr 11, abstract
21395
1. Forge presses--Operation 2. Metals--Forging
Card 1/1

1',.0
Economic data of a new t.Irpe f orge shop. Avt. i tralk t. ~ r,-).- . :1 - -,
i .- I~i. 1, . 0 1
Je '57. 1 ~ . j
1.(~.Inroavtoprcr,
(Ailtomobil-es) (ForgIng)

MANSUROV, A.M., inzhener.
w
---'-ZchA&mn ~za ' on and automatization of forging operations. Kekh.trud.
rab. 11 no.3:6-10 M '57. (K12A 10:5)
frorging machinery)

SGIBMIT, Vladimir Ifedorovich; MANISTROV A.M. inzh., rateenzent; HMOVA.
V.A., Inzh., red.; Ti~~~khn. red.
(7orging and stamping; problems and exercises] Kuznechno-shtam-
povochnoe proizvodetva; sadachi i upre6zhenonlia, Koskva, Goo.
nauchno.--tekhn. Izd-vo mashinostrolt. lit-ry, 1958. 150 p
(Yorging) (MiU 11 -.7)

TMLITANOV, Mikhail Fedorovich; KANSUROV,_A.JR..,inzh., red.;
I
O.T., red.izd-va; " - -4 - - I,N-D. V.D., takhn.red.
[Mechanization of stamping processes] Nekhanizataila shtampo-
vochnykh rabot. Moakva, Goe.nauchno-tekhn.izd-vo mashinostroit.
lit-ry, 1959. 170 P. (MIRA 13:1)
(Sheat-matal work--Technological innovations)

25(;,) PHASE I BOOK EaPWTTATIOD1 ~~;)V2706
Mansurov, Aleksandr Matveyevich
Sovremennyye kuznechno-shtampovocbnvye taekhi (Modern Forging find Stamping
Shops) Moscow, Mashgiz, 1959. 299 V- 5,000 copies printed.
Ed.: V.A. Mezhova,, Engineer; Ed. of Publishing House: V.A. Mezhova,
Engineer; Tech. Ed.: V.D. ElIkind, Managing-Ed. for Literature
on Heavy Machine Building (Mashgiz): S.Ya. Golovin, Enginetzk-.
PURPOSE: The book is intended for engineering and technical personnel in the
forging industry and may also be used by students at schools of higher tech-
niral.9ducation.
COVERAGE: This book reviews problems related to the technology of modern forg-
ing shops. It presents a description of Soviet forging shops, plans for Which
vere drawn under the supervision of the author and also some of the more orig-
inal non-Soviet forging shops. Also included are characteribtic features of
modern f6rging equipment and heating devices, descriptions of vhich have appea-
ed previously in non-Soviet literature and to some extent in Saviet technical
Caeba,65-

Modern Forging and Stamping Shops sov/,,,7o6
publicationB. No personalities are mentioned. There are 52 references:
36 Soviet, 15 Englishp and 1 German.
TABLE OF CONTENTS:
Forevord 3
Ch. I. Universal Die Forging Shops 5
Die-forging shop of plant for Fur 11 displacement autamobilles 5
Die-forging shop of combine plant 53
Die.forging shop,of heavy truck plant 57
Die-forging shop, of truck passenger automobile plant 71
Die-forging shop of truck plant 77
Die-forging shop of Ford plant in Canton (USA), 88
Die-forging shop of the Chevrolet plant in Tonavanda, (USA) 92
Die-forging shop of the john Harrington ~31=t (Englaad) 99
Die-forging shop of the Austin Motor plant (England) 104
Conclusion 107
Ch. II. Specialized Die-Forging Shops ill
Die-forging shop for making valve forgings for tractor engines 112
Card 2/5

5 14 IC,~
25(5) PHASE I BOOK EXPLOITATION SOV/2394
Moscow. Dom nauchno-tekhnicheskoy propagandy imeni F.E.
Dzerzhinskogo
Kompleksnaya avtomatizatsiya i mekhanizatsiya v mashinostroyenii;
sbornik statey (Overall Automatization and Mechanization in
Machine Manufacturing; Collection of Articles) Moscow,
Mashgiz, 1959. 312 p. 8,000 copies printed.
Additional Sponsoring Agency: Obshchestvo po rasprostraneniyu
politicheskikh i nauchnykh znaniy RSFSR.
Ed.: A.N. Malov, Candidate of Technical Sciences; Tech. Ed.:
B.I. Model'; Managing Ed. for Literature on Metalworking and
Toolmaking (Mashgiz): R.D. Beyzellman, Engineer.
PURPOSE: This collection of articles 1B intended for engineering
and technical personnel of plants manufactuPing machines and
instruments.
COVERAGE: This book acquaints industrial workers with devices
Card 1/5

Overall Automatization (Cont.) SOV/2394
and equipment necessary for the overall mechanization and
automatization of technological processes in machine manufac-
Wring. Individual articles deal with general problems of
automatization and mechanization of processes in preparatory,
machine, and assembly shops, and with problems arising from
the introduction of transfer lines. The book also includes
examples of devices and equipment tested and used under actual
plant conditions. The source of these data was the meeting
on overall mechanization and automatization of technological
processes held in 1957 by the Moskovskiy Dom nauchno~tekhnich-
eskoy propagatidy Imeni F.E. Dzerzhinskogo (Moscow House for
Scientific and Technical Propaganda imeni F.E. Dzerzhinski-Y).
No personalities are mentioned. Several of the articles are
followed by references.
TABLE OF CONTENTS:
Foreword 3
Terekhov, G.A. /-Tocent7.Basic Trends in the Automatization and
Mechanization of Technological Processes in Machine ManufsctZtIa, 5
Card 2/5

Overall Automatization (Cont.) SOV/2394
Mysovskly, V.S. ZC-andidate of Technical Sciences7. Overall Mech-
anization and Automation In Founding 2 8
Hur Mechanization and Automatization In
Man jngineer7
7 76 ~ji n j 46
Zakrzhevskiy, V.B. ZE-ngineer7.Automatization of Metalcutting
Machine Tools at the Moskovskiy avtomobillnyy zavod imeni I.A.
Likhacheva(Moscow Automobile Plant Imeni I.A. Likhanhav) 60
Yakhin, A.B. ZD-octpr of Technical Sciences, Professor7. Auto-
matic Programming Systems for Metalcutting Machine TSOols 92
Trubnikov, N.V. Z7Candldate of Technical Sciences7. Programmed
Control of Metalcutting Machine Tools 105
Boltukhin, A.K. Jnglneer7. Mechanization and A.:tomatization
of Machining Processes on Milling Machines 123
Khitruk, M.S. Z7Engineer7. Mechanization and Automatization of
Grinding Machines 148
Card 3/5

Overall Automatization (Cont.) SOV/2,394
Parfenov, O.D. Z-Engineer7. Self-resetting of Automatic Metal-
cutting Machine Tools 171
Hyaboy, M.Ya. Z7Enginee2r. Automatization of Assembling Pro-
cesses in Instrument Manufacture 196
Lyudmirskiy, D.G. JE-ngineeP7. Automatic Lines for Production
of Bearings 2_` 13
Koshkin, L. N._,~73andidate of Technical 3cience2s. Automatic
Rotary Lines /Rotary MachineL7 231
Bobrov, V.P. fUandidate of Technical Science�7. Transfer Systems
of Automatic Lines 246
Malov, AsNo ZC-andidate of Technical Sciences . Modern Designs
of Magazine Loading Devices 7 268
Bobrov, V.P. /dandidate of Technical Sciences7. Automatization
and Mechaniza~ion of Chip Removal on Metalcutting Machine -Tools 296
Card 4/5

Overall Automatization (Cont.)
AVAILABLE: Library of Congress
Card 5/5
SOV/2394
JG/ec
C-!~- 59

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MANSUROV, A.M.
Development of forging during the seven-7ear plan. Kuz.-shtam.
proizv. 1 no.2:32-35 1P '59. (MIU 12: 10)
(Forging)

MANSUROV, A. M.
"Drop forging," b7 I.I. Kr7mskii. Reviewed b7 A.M. -Mansurov.
Kixz.-shtam. proizv. 1 no.8:3 of cover Ag '59. (IGRA 12:12)
(Forgirg) (Kr7makil, I.I.)

MANSUROV, A.M.
Design of a mechanized forge. Kuz.-shtam. proizv. 1 no.9:31-35
s 159. (MIRA 1Z:12)
(Forge shops--Equipment and supplies)

PHASE I BOOK EXPLOITATION SOV/4574
Mansurov, Aleksandr Matveyevich
Tekhnologiya goryachey shtampovki (The Hot Die-Forming Processes).
Moscow, Mashgiz, 1960. 324 p. 13,000 copies printed.
Ed.: A. V. Rebellskiy, Candidate of Technical Sciences; Reviewer:
S. S. Kunitsa, Engineer; Ed. of Publishing House: 0. V. Chernyak;
Tech. Eds. : S. M. Popova, and L. P. Gordeyeva; Managing Ed.- for
Literature on Heavy Machine Building (Mashgiz): S. Ya. Golovin,
Engineer
PURPOSE: This book Is intended as an auxiliary textbook -for students
at mechanical-engineering tekhnikums.
COVERAGE: The book is geared to the requirements of the mechan-
ical-engineerhg course "Manufactuie'by Die-Forging" whicY Is
taught in teKhniKums. The author discusses basic problems of
hot die-forming, including finishing operations which are per-
formed on regular and special equipment. He also examines

The Hot Die-Forming Processes
SOV/4574
initial materials and their preparation for pressworking, and
presents fundamental information on forming equipment. No
personalities are mentioned. There are 49 references, all
Soviet.
TABLE OF CONTENTS:
Foreword 3
Ch. I. Basic Information on Materials Used in Die-Forming
Shops 5
1. Ef2ect of chemical elements on the properties of
steel 5
2. Types of steel 6
3. Noinferrous metals 10
4. Initial materials for production of die-forgings 11
5. Storage of metals 16
Car_6-27'-~

BYALKOVSKAYA, Vera Sergeyevna; jIAUS0DX,-A,9-v inzh.,, retsenzent;
SHEVELEVI A.G., inzh. retsenzent; SALYAPSXIY, A.A., red.
izd-va; DOBRITSYNA, R~I., tekhn. red.
(Main directions of specialization in forging) 0snovnye na-
pravleniia spetsializatsii kuznechnogo proizvodstva. Moskva,
Mashgiz, 1961. 108 p. kMIRA Lr , 2)
(Forge shops)

S/775/62/002/000/002/011
AUTHOR: Mansurov, A. M.
TITLE: Development of forging production in the Seven-Year Plan.
SOURCE: Avtomatizatsiya protsessov mashinostroyeniya. t. 3: G6ryachaya
obrabotka metallov. Moscow, lzd-vo AN SSSR, 196Z, 129-141.
TEXT: The paper discusses the projected increase in forged-products produc-
tion stipulated by the resolutions of the 21st Communis t- Party Congress for the
1959-1965 period. In the USSR about 816 of the total steel production is forged, as
against 5-676 abroad. In the USA 287o of all autornative -engine crankshafts are cast;
in the USSR 616. In the USA most small ball-bearing races (Timken) are machined;
in the USSR forged. The weight ratios of open-die forgings to closed-die forgings
produced are as follows: USSR 43/58; USA 33/67; U.K. 36/64. It is noted, how-
ever, that closed-die forging of tooth gea-s, forging in dismountable dies with
lateral extrusion, forging by direct and reverse extrusion, etc., is more highly de-
veloped abroad. Organization and technical level of forgin plants: 75.276 of the
USSR plants produce up 40 1,000 tons of forgings per year, predominantly by open-
die forging on hammers, 2.776 produce 10-20,000 tons, and 0.316 more than 100,000
tons per year. In the USSR, closed-die forgings are produced in all-purpose forges.
Most forgings range from 50 g to 100 kg; some 1,000 different items are thus pro-
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De'velopment of forging production ... S/775/62/002/000/004'/Oll
duced. Since all basic equipment parameters must be govcrned by ~he largest
pi~'fes produced (of which there may be but 2 or 3), the economy of such all-purpose
plants suffers. Some critical plant equipments disturb the entire production through
thqIr old-fashioned design and inadequate accuracy. Example. Inaccurately cutting
sl-ihars inhibit the introduction of precision die-forging methods. Sizing and coining
is -?aot utilized adequately. Furnace equipment is obsolete; high-speed flame heat-
ing, nonoxidizing flame heating, and inductive electric heating are in little use.
Mechanization and automatization are inadequate. Even in large forging plants there
are no experimental forging labs, hence no means for process improvement.
Modern production-forging equipment, such as crank-type forging presses, coining
presses, et al., is lpzking in the USSR. Forging- productio increase in. the 7-yr
Plan: If present forging methods are retained, the total weight of forgings must be
increased by 1.8 relative to 1958. That increase may be reduced to 1.6 if the forging
methods are significantly improved, as follows: (1) A 1556 change-over from open-
die forging to closed-die forging; (2) change-over from forging to rolling of RR-car
axles, with a saving of 107o; (3) improved forging-process technology; (4) use of
extrusion and other precis ion- stamping methods in a significant part of press-formed
products, with a 1016 saving; (5) increased employment of precision castinig; and
(6) replacement of some forged parts with plastic parts. The respective numerical
ratios for 1958 and 1965 are tabulated, showing a substantial projected increase in
rolled products and a growing plant specialization which, it is- hoped, will facilitate
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Developrnent of forging production ... S/775/62/002/000/002/011
automation and cost reduction. Details of desirable specialization and geographic
location of specialized plants with reference to existing metallurgical plants, also
the problem of continued production of replacement parts for old and foreign equip-
ment are discussed. Forging technolog : A table summarizes projected changes,
comprising a sharp increase in crank-driven forging presses, specialized rolling
mius. The total volume of forgings produced on automatic or semiautomatic pro-
duction lines will attain some 500,000 tons by 1965. Specialized rolling mills are
envisioned to conserve metal, increase production, and reduce consumption of labor
for ball-mill balls, large ball-bearing balls, stepped shafts, links for various types
of large chains, caterpillar -chain links, gears, grooved shafts, etc. Equipment:
Projected trends are summarized in a table. Primary increases are in crank-
driven presses, horizontally-forging machines, coining presses, specialized
rolling mills, anvil-less hammers, and hot-forging presses. Mechanization (M)
and automatization (A): Currently some 30 specialized engineering bureaus ai~_d'
research and design institutes are engaged in design-enginee ring work, and 400
plants are engaged in building M and A equipment: The present absence of coordi-
nation must be overcome, and the following consistent steps must be undertaken to
bring about actual M and A of the forging industry: (1) Mechanization of open-die
forging: Details of needed improvements are outlined for pneumatic harnmers,
steam-and-air hammers, and forging presses. (Z) Mechanization of closed-die
forging: Specific recommendation are set forth for hammers, crank-driven presses,
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4
De elopment of forging production ... S/775/62/002/000/002/011
horizontally-forging machines, and trimming and coining presses. Fundamental
priiiciples of the organization of automatized forging production are explained. All
opd~.rations, including handling between operations, must be automatized. While
aur. 6mation may lead to continuous operation of presses (which, in turn, will extend
tho service life of such elements as clutches), it must remain within the confines
of economical and safe operation; it cannot be permitted to become an end in itse~_-.
Criteria for the selection of the degree of automation in a given production line are
set forth. As an example the heating of billets prior to cutting on shears is examined
as a function of the strength of the billet material and the billet diameter. The
problem of metallurgical- scale removal is mentioned. The selection of pre-forging
heating methods (electricity or natural-gas) must be based on locally available and
inexpensive resources. Forgiag-process details, efficient placing of main presses
and flash-trimming presses, etc. are discussed. Flash removal and billet squeez-
ing are reviewed with emphasis on the state of temperature and normalization re-
quired for each operation. The structure of automatic forgin lines (AFL):
AFL are classified as wholly- coordinated, non-coordinated, and ~o-mbined. The
requirement for the maintenance of a continuous rhythm in a wholly- coordinated
line-type AFL, and the need for delay elements (with attendant storage require-
ments) in AFL comprising rhythmically inconsistent operations, is elaborated. .
Non-coordinated functional-type forging lines comprise groups of machines per-
forming an analogous operation which is not part of a coordinItable sequence of
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