SCIENTIFIC ABSTRACT MALKIN, O.A. - MALKIN, S.Z.

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• Collection: Scientific Abstracts
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• Original Classification: S
• Document Page Count: 100
• Document Creation Date: November 2, 2016
• Sequence Number: 2
• Publication Date: December 31, 1967
• Content Type: SCIENTIFIC ABSTRACT

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-R. Valkin.- Oo At-, C:zLisor'yev V. N.. Vitshau. A. F.
T 1, T L Ef: Experimantal investigation of shock waves excited byacurrent pulse ina
r-2-refied. gas,..
SOURCE: -Inzhenerkyy-zhurnal, v. 5, no. 1.1965, 65-72
pressure d d
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-A, ABSTRACT.i- The authors investigatedi the - motion of:&-: asm&-betyeen -two, ne__,O
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_!.ALKR,,~RAKITIRA, P.A.
2,,,
&7thematous reaction of the akin to ultraviolet rays In mental
diseasas. Nevropat.paikhiat., Moskva 20 no.1:94-96 Jan-Feb 51.
(CU& 20:6)
1. Prof.P.F.Malkin. 2. Of the Psychiatric Clinic of Sverdlovsk Med-
Ical Institute and of Sverclovak Oblast Psychiatric Hospital (Read
of Clinic and Scientific Director of Hospital--Prof.P.P.Halkin; Head
Pbysician of Hospital - Candidate Medical Sciences P.H.Zhelobov).

1. MALKIN,, P. F.
2. USSR (60:,))
4. Psychiatry
7. Some other controversial psychiatric problems. Zhur. nevr. i psikh. NO. 11 - 1952.
9. Month List of Russian Acce--sions., Library of Congress, March 1953. Unclassified.

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OU, 11 C'E Radiobiologkyap v, 5~ no, 2. 1965s, 163-185
TWAISS MIMI# reat, deposit formatloji,, calcium-
protoctivo effect,, food re J--
calatwm radiol cs einont,
foods, calciump magm-sium, Ikoaphor-I
a3v fat
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30�3 g
tha& posalbility of increa5ing the radloprotective effoct of cale -
airt:21 nt-vorOjium-90 by orrichirip sta-vi.-Ilard rations with onlailm

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exarato iTeces and urii
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aeW."vity in bones and carcass were masured by radioche-Mical
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AUTHOR: Malkin, R.A. 127-15D-7-3/20
TIT.LE: The Development of the Iron Ore Base of the Nizhniy-Tagil
Metallurgical Combine (Razvitiye zhelezorudnoy bazy Nizhne-
Tagillskogo metallurgicheskogo kombinata)
PERIODICAL: Gornyy zhurnal, 1958, Nr 7, pp 14-17 (USSR)
ABSTRACT: Deposits of the Tagil-Kushva region form the base for the
Nizhne-Tagillskiy metallurgicheskiy kombinat ('Iizhniy-Tagil
Metallurgical Combine). These deposits have been exploited
for about 2CO years. Some parts of the mine were completely
modernized after WW II and production increased by 4.4 times
between 1940 to 1955. As the production of cast iron increased
even more sharply, the combine was short of iron ore. New
mines must be opened to compensate the closing of some of the
open cast mines. As possibilities to increase production of
the Tagil-Kushva region are limited, it is necessary to build
a new iron ore base at the Kachkanar group of titanium-magnesite
ore deposits, 130 km from the Nizhniy-Tagil combine. The re-
serves of this group are very important (Table 4). The full
development of the Kachkanar group will create very favorable
conditions for a further development of the ferrous metallurgy
of the Central Urals. There are 6 tables.
ASSOCIATION: Uralgiproruda
Card 1/1 1. Industry-USM 2. Iron ore-Production

MALKINA, R.L.
Application of the method of aBymptotic integration to proEem3
of the vibration of shells of revolution with nearly spherical
shape. Izv.,rjs.ucheb.zav.; av.tekh.7 no.2147-50' '64. (MA 17;9)

T I' '~W94
.-911KV 3.0
M li,

MLKItri, S.A. PA 30T11

MALKIN, S. A. PA 22TILO
&U
.""22V

MALUM. S.A., dotsent.
_
Hydraulic resistance and strength of the fuel bed. Trudy RIIZEIT
no.18:196-208 '54. (MLRA 9:3)
(Gases. flow of) (Fuel--Testing)

' - ~
A/' ~ Z/
MALKIN, S.A. -
- - ---~Aerod7namic calculations of gas generators. Gaz.prom. no.12:8-15
D '57. WRL 11:1)
(Gas producers-Aerodynamics)

HAIKIN, S.A.; MAGNITSKIY. Yu.A.
Method of investixpting the distribution of 7elocities and pressures
In a layer of grainy materials. Inzh.-fiz.zhur. no.5.96-99 My 160.
(MMA 13:8)
1. Institut inzhenerov zheleznodorozhnogo transporta. Rostov-na-DDnu.
(Granular materials)
P4

MALKIN Sergey Aleksandrovich; 24ORCHKOVAt YO.P.9 ouv. red.; KAZIEINA,
IRM-;-fe_a--;SLUTSW9 X-.K-.P tekhn. red.
(Analysis of the ed-lialst ative operations of co=mnication
enterprises] Analis khoziaistvemoi deieUllnostl Pred-
priiatii sviazi. Moskva, Gos. izd-vo lit-ry po voprosam sviazi
i radio, 1961. 104 p. (MIRA .14:9)
(Ummunication and traffic-Accounting)

-HWIN Sergey Aleksandrovich; WORCHKOVA, Ye.P., otv. red.; KAZIMINA,
tekhn. red.
[AnO,ysis of the economic activity of commmication enterpriaeo)
Analiz khoziaistvannoi deiatellnosti predpriiatii aviazi. Mo-
skva., Gos. izd-vo lit-ry po voprosam sviazi i radio, 1961. 106 p.
(KMA 3.4: " )
(Telecommmication)

KALKIN, S.Z.
Automatic sampling device for large-sized ore lumps. TSvet.
met. 29 no.8:73-75 Ag t56. KRA 9:10)
1. Kombinat Severonikell.
(Ores--Sampling and estimation) (Automatic control)

MALKIN, V. B.
"Concerning the Possibility of Using a Strong Electric Current to arimirate
Heart Fibrillation." Sub 22 Feb 51, Acad Med Sci USSR.
Dissertations presented for science and engineering degrees in Moscow
during 1951.
SO: Sum. No. 480, 9 May 55.

AUMOV. G,V.; MALKIN, V.B.; PRUTSEDY, A.N.
Registration of cardiac sounds on a portable electrocardiograph
with the aid of a differential intensifier, Klin.med.,14ook7a 29
no.5:83-85 May 1951. (CUIL 20:9)
1. Moscowo

1, MALM. V. B.: ALTUKHOV, G. V.
2. US3R (600)
4. Anoxemia.
10
7- Study of the effect of acute anozia on cardiac function. Klin.med- 30 no. 10 1952
9. Monthly List of Russian A.--cessions, Library of Congress, harch 1953. Unclassified.

W, V.V., KOMEIMANMV, G. L., MBUSHKIN, V. I.
kIK1iI'1LV- B-I MANSUROV, A. R., USACIiE
and IVAITOV, P. N.
"The Effect of Accelerations Upon the Human Organism" (The Eighth Ali-union Congress
of Physiologists, Biochemists, and Pharmacologists), pp. 313-314, Vioskva,. 1955.

MALKIN, V. B-, and ISAKOV~ P. K.
"Critical Remarks Regarding the Book 'Aviation Medicinel,n Voyenno-medits.
zhurnal, No.2, pp 92-95, 1955
TranslAtion, D 312229, 15 Aug 55

ARUTYUROV, G.A.. polkoynik maditsinskoy sluzhby. kandidat meditsinskikh
nauk; KALKIN,.-T4., kandidat maditsinskikh nauk
Problems in aviation medicine. Toen.-m9d. zhur. no.9:84-89 S 155.
(AVIATION KEDICIN3) (MIaA 9:9)

BABUSHKIN, V.I., podpolkoynik meditsinskoy sluzhby; RALKIN V.B , kandidat
meditsinskikh nauk; USACHXV, V.V., podpolko-VOY-mid"its-Ins,koy sluzhby
Some data on the body's adaptation to the effect of radial acceleration
Woen.-med. zhur. no.4:10-19 Ap 156. (MIRA 9:9)
(AVIATION KEDICINN)

I"
i-YIET11, 11.1 cj,-.d. Sci.
"111'edical Probiens ir. Cosmic Flights," 3o-vetskoyc AviatsiYa;
1135321 Full Translation

MALKIN, V.B. . knnd. Pied . nmik
Study-Ing enrdine funrtion in rndir.-.ql Pccelerntion.
no.9:57-61 S '57.
(MOCTROCARD IOCR.A,!DqY ,
eff. of nccelerption (Run)
OCCELMATIOE, effects,
on ~,C(, (Rus)
Voen.med.zhur.
(111RA 11:1)

MM FE~' V.
Me
I -asuring the relative mobility of cations in thre~~-component silicate f",uid solu-
tions. Tr. from the Russian.
'I
P. 985. (HUTNICKE LISTY) (Brno, Czecnoslovakia) Vol. 12, no. 11, Nov. 1~1_57
30: 1,11onthly Index of East European Accession (E-'A-I) LC Vol. ?, No. 5, May 191;8

BESTUGIN,-'A-V-; IVANOV. D.I.; MALKIN, Y.B.; FRU2SKOY. A.H. (Moskva)
Piezoelectric pickup T-or-;e-cording ballistocardiographic changes
on an electrocardiograph. Fiziol.zhur.43 ao.'0:906-906 5 '57.
(KIRA 10:11)
(BALLISTOCARDIOGRAPHY. apparatus and instruments,
pi62o-electric counter for registration on
electrocardiograph (Rua))

AU THOR: Malkin. V. B. 20.6-46/48
TITLE: On the Problem of Stopping the eiliating of Heart
Ventricles With the Aid of Electric Stimuli
(K voprosu o prekrashchenii fibrillyatsii
zheludochkov serdtsa elektricheskim stimulom).
PERIODICAL: Doklady All SSSR, 1957, Vol. 115, Nr 6, pp. 1220-1223
(USSR)
ABSTRACT: After a survey of the historical development of the research
work done in this field the author describes his tests.
They aimed at the investigation of the threshold-value of
the electric stimulus which is capable of Stopping
fibrillations of various durations. Dogs were used as test
animals. It is known that fibrillations in pubescent
animals do not stop and lead to death. The author judged
on the height of the treshold value from the readings
of a kilovoltmeter with a great ohmic re31stance expre3s-
ly constructed for this purpose. An electrocardiogram
was taken everywher6. The tests made with 27 dogs showed
that the voltage-threshold of the condenser-dischar6~e
CARD 1/4 which is capable of stopping the fibrillation, increases

On the Problem of 3topping the Ciliating of Heart -2o-6-46/48
Ventricles With the Aid of Electric Stinuli
with inoreasing duration of fibrillation. It is
possible that in animals in which no threshold increase
in the condensor-discharge occurs which is capable of
stopping a 60 seconds lasting fibrillation, a threshold
increase is nevertheless observed when the fibrillation
is prolongued up to 3 minutes. Here a single maximum
discharge (6500-7000 volt) was sufficient for stopping
the fibrillation. In the other tests a series of rapidly
repeated discharges was necessary for this. The tests
made by the author show that a certain interaction exists
between the duration of fibrillation and the course of the
restoration processes of heart heat blood pressure and
respiration following the stopping of fibrillation. With
increasing duration of fibrillation the blood level which
is measured after the stopping of fibrillation sinks. The
test results show that a complete absence of blood
circulation during 60 seconds, when it is caused by
fibrillation, leads to m marked decrease in the functional
activity of the vasomotoric and the respiration center,
further to the reflectional inhibition of the activity of
CARD 2/4 the heart. According to the electrocardiograms no serious

On the Problem of Stopping the Ciliatin.- of Heart 20-6-46/48
Ventricles ?7ith the Aid of Electric Stimuli
disturbance of the heart beat after 30 seconds of
fibrillation is to be noticed. As a rule a sinus-
tachycardia and an enlargement of the T-tine are the only
things to be observed. After 60 seconds of fibrillation
the P-tine often is missing and a node-rhythm sets in.
The ventricle-complex is deformed. 2he period of the
conduction of stimuli through the ventriculi is
prolongued. After 3-4 minutes of fibrillation an effective
activity of the heart is missing, the sinus-rhythm always
is absent, the ventricle-body was 30 much deformed that
it assumed the shape of a monophase-fluctuation. This
regular increase in the pathological modifications with
increasing duration of fibrillation leads to a
disturbance of the heart beat which is probably connected
with oxygen starvation. The increase in the threshold
value on that occasion is due to the development of an
Ischemic hypoxia which changes the functional state of
the heart and the activity of the nervous apparatus ffhich
regulates the function of the heart. The oxygen starvation
CARD 3/4 is apparently accompanied by the enlargement of an other-

On the Problem of Stopping the Ciliating of Heart 20-6-46/48
Ventricles With the Aid of Electric Stimuli
wise present heterochromism between individual
myocardium-elements. This favors the establishment of
a stable ring-rhythm of the stimulus, i.e. the
maintenance of fibrillation.
There are 3 figures and 7 references, 3 of which are
Slavic.
ASSOCIATION: -
PRESENTED: By L. S. Shtern, Academician, March 18, 1957
SUBMITTED: March 6, 1957
AVAILABLE: Library of Congress
CARD 4/4

MRLKN, V3.
AUTELORSt ARDAM , V. B., Fogel'son, L. 1. 20-2-47/50
TITLE: On the Possibility to Use ar i;lectric Stimulus in Order to Re-
store Normal Activity of' the fleart ii the Case of Flickering of
Auricles (0 vozmozhnoBti ispollzovanj4ya elektricheekogo stimula
dlya vosstanovleniya normallnoy deyatellnosti serdtsa pri mertsa-
nii predserdiy)
PERIODICALs Doklady AN SSSR, 1957, Vol. 116, Nr *.', PP. 331-334 (USSR)
ABSTRACT: According to the cormptions of many :-esearchers the flickering of
the auricles and of the chambers are acavrding to their nature
closely connected. processes which have the same pathophysiologi-
cal mechanism. Since a strong electr~_!c stimulus was successfully
used for the restoring of normal ac'.-ivity of the heart in the
case of flickering arythmy was raised. This phenomenon was effect
ed in dogs by stimulation of the auricles by an interrupted in-
duction current. In the case of cats for this purpose a lo%
CaC12.solution was introduced intravenously. In all cases at dif-
ferent points an electrocardiogram ras taken. Not in all dogs a
relatively constant flickering could be produced. In the case of
7 of lo it lasted only as long as tae current action. In 2 cases
of a current amplification in order to obtain a constant flick-
ering also simultaneous flickering of the chambers was found.
Card 1/2 One succeeded in both cases to res-;ore tLie normal activity of the

On the Possibility to Use an Electric Stimulus in Order to Re- 20-2-47/
~ 50
qto~e flormal Activity of the deart in the Caoe of Flickering of Auricles.
heart by the condenser discharge. The results of the carried out
work show a principal possibility of using a strong electric sti-
mulus for the elimination of the flickering of the auricles of
warm-blooded animals. The lack (if a permanent positive action
of a condenser discharge in the case of flickering effected by an
injection of the CaC12- sOlutiO," is apparently to be traced back
to the uninterrupted action of %his factor during the electric
stimulus. However,too low an inzensity of this stimulus is not
excluded. There are 3 figures and 8 references 3 of which are
Slavic.
PRESENTED: March 18, 1957, by L. S. Shtern, Academician
SUBMITTED: March 6, 1957
AVAILABLE: Library of Congress
Card 2/2

30V/25-56-11-9/44
AUTkRS: Gazenko, O.G., Malkin, V.B., Candidates of Ye!,_cP1 3ciences
TITLE: Biology of Cosmic Flights (Biologiya kosmicheskikh poletov)
PERIODICAL: gauka i zhizn', 1958, Nr 11, pp l'-22 and p 2 of centerfolds
(USSR)
ABSTRACT: The maintenance of normal living conditions for men during
cosmic flights is the main task of cosmic biology, At the
present time 2 groups of experiments are being conducted in
the USSR: laboratory experiments and experiments in rockets
with telemetric registration of biologic functions, Tests
with animals carried in rockets up to 110 km !1howed normal
reactions, insofar as they withstood acceleration and re-
tardation satisfactorily, and blood pressure, pulse and
breathing increased only slightly. At heights up to 212 km,
especially unfavorable effects were noticed at re-entry of
the rockets into the atmosphere. However, the problem of
re-entry at 450 km has been solved. 3oviet researcners are
especially concerned with the problem of re-entry of passen-
gers from space ships. Great difficulties have yet to be
overcome in solving re-entry at supersonic velocities, ,then
Card 1/2 a space ship travels at a velocity exceeding sonic velocity

Biology of Cosmic Flights z7c)v/25-5-- 11 -9/44
by 5 times, the nose section is heated to more than 1-,~')Oo
Subsequently, temperatures in the airtight compartment may
become unbearable for humans, It has been shown by special
experiments, that at an humidity of ~O T4% temDeratures of
1000 can be endured by men for 30 minutes, and temperatures
of 2000 only for 3 minutes. The effects of s,-celeration are
being thoroughly studied, whereby it was found that accelera-
tion of 10 G may be endured for several minutes, However,
acceleration should be considerable lower than this to main-
tain operating ability. The authors describe the different
operations of re-entry from a cosmic flights catapulting of
pressure cabin from the space ship, slowing down of descent
by means of reactive drives and parachute, and finally landing
of the cabin with a parachute,
There are 8 photos and 7 drawings..
Card 212

V.
USSR Human and Animal Physiology (Normal and Patholo- T
gical). Neuromuscular Physiology
Abs Jour: Ref Zhur-Biologiya, No 212 1958, 97825
Author : Babushkin, V. I., Isakov, P. K., Malkin V. B.
Usachev, V. V.
Inst : Not given
Title : Study of Bioelectric Activity of Skeletal 1,11uscula-
ture in Man by the Action of Radial Accelerations
Orig Pub: Fiziol. zh. SSSRI 1958, 44, No 6, 10-13
Abstract: Those tested (10 persons 20 to 30 years old) were
placed in centrifugal arm chairs. The time of
ac-eleration (A) action of maximum intensity was
20 seconds. In all those tested, an increase in
bioelectric activity of the skeletal musculature
Card 1/2
64

BARUSIIII N, V.1.1 ISAKOV. P.K.: HALKIN. V.B.; TISACHFIV. V.V. Ofoakvn)
Respiration and gas oxcbange in man subjected to radial acceleration
[with summar7 in Fogliahl. Ifiziol.zhur. "' no.4:342-347 Ap '58.
(14IRA 11:4)
(RMPIRATION,
eff. of rotation of man in centrifuge (Rua))
(CHUTRIFUGATION,
eff. of rotation of man in centrifuge on resp. &
exchange of gases (Rua))

SOV/26-59-10-6/51
AUTHOR: Malkin,-V.B., Candidate of Medical Sciences (Moscow)
TITLE: The Biological Problems of Cosmic Flights (Tsiol-
kovskiy's Ideas Should be Realized)
PERIODICAL: Priroda, 1959, Nr 10, PP 35-44 (USSR)
ABSTRACT: This article is mainly based on the ideas of Russian
scientist K.E. Tsiolkovskiy (1857-1935). Tsiolkovskiy,
who is called an initiator of scientific aeronautics
by the author, has also dealt with the above mentioned
subject. Today, aviation physicians investigate the
influence of acceleration on the animal and human or-
ganism by means of centrifuges. Attention is paid to
the direction, quantity and time of the centrifugal
force as well as to the most rational corporeal posi-
tion of the aeronaut (already Tsiolkovskiy had pro-
posed a horizontal position). The author also refers
to the "hydraulic" method, i.e. the submerging of the
body into water as a self-protecting measure against
Card 1/2 -acc-el~eration. In'this connection, he mentions the

SOV/26-59-10-6/51
The Biological Problems of Cosmic Flights (Tsiolkovskiy's Ideas
Should be Realized)
tests carried out by Soviet scientist Professor N.A.
Rynin in cooperation with physicians A.N. Likhachev,
A.A. Sergeyev and VJ1. Karasik. The author further
mentions the so-called gravitron (Figure 2). There
are 2 photographs, 1 scheme and 9 references, 8 of which
are Soviet and 1 American.
Card 2/2

GURFINKEL19 VJ..,- IVANOVv D.I.; IVANOV, A.Ye.j YALKINt V.B.
I
Use of K424 in studying blood circulation during respiration under
increased pressure. Biofizika, 4 no. 4:498-503 159. (MM 14:4)
1. Nauchno-issledovatellskiy institut, aviatsionnoy maditsinys Moskva.
(SODIU14-IBOTOPES) (OXYGEN-PHYSIOLOGICAL EFFECT)
(BLOOD-CIRCULATIQU)

Al A L

(11, 7T11"ATION 3.1 14

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AW UNTAN. N.A., wror med.olushby; TAXAR, R.I., podpolkovnik mad. alwhby-,
TSIVILASHVILI, A.S,, mayor med.sluzhby; KLIKIN, V.B.; CHMWAKOV,
I.N.9 kapitan med.oluzbby
Reaction of the human cardiovascular
med.zhur. no.2.,65-69 P 160.
(ANOXEMIA physiology)
(CA IOVASCUM SYSTEM
system during hypoxia. Voen.-
(KIRA 13:5)
physiol.)

IVAVOV, P.N.; KUMTSOV, A.G.;_ MALKIN, V.B.; POPOVA, Ye.O.
Decompression phenomena in the human body at extremely low
atmospheric pressures. Biofizika 5 no. 6.-704,709 160.
(MIRA 13:10)
(DECOMPRESSION SICOESP)

GAZEIRCOV O.G., kand.med.nauk; MAIJKIN,_ V. kand.med.nauk
~ 4
Problems in space flight. Zdorovle 6 no.9:4-5 S '60. (MM 13:8)
(SPACE FLIGHT)

86168
R/002/60/ 000 /009/001 /003
A125/AO26
AUTHORS: Gazenco, O.G. and Malkin, V.B., Candidates of Medical Sciences
TITLE: Can Man Live Without Weight
PERIODICAL; qtiinJA Vi TehnicA, 1960, No. 9, pp. 14-15
TEXT; Subject article presents some problems regarding the lif-t in space,
i.e., in a state of weightlessness'- Since no man yet was in space, Scientists
were restricted to study these problems on the basis of simulated conditions.
Vie German cardiologist Langer believed that an absolute loss of weight would have
fatal consequences. But, the results obtained during the flight of the Soviet
satellite having the dog Laika on board, and especially after the recovery of
the second Soviet space ship having various animals on board, proved him wrong.
The electrocardiogram and the recordings of tae respiratory tract revealed a
normal functioning of these organs. Although there are no data on the influenct
of the weightlessness on the digestion, it is supposed that this function will
not te considerably impaired. Weightlessnes6 will almost not diazturb at all the
activity of plants. The bebavior of man in weightless state was studipd during
parabolic flight trajectories of aircraft. Many experiments were conducted to
Card 1/2

863.68
Can Man Live Without Weight
R/002/60/000/009/001/003
A125/026
establish the feelings of pilots In weightless state. Based on the data ob-
tained, scientists believe that disturbances of the physiological functions due
to a state of weightles~E -mesa will not be too g"at. Another Important probli~m
io the return of thl maii from space, a pa!ising from thm state of weight-
lesBnesa to normal. 4eight. The unfavorabl# Influences of the weiShtlessness can
be elimlnat~!,d by producing an artificial gravity based on the. centrifugal force.
Tht-~ results of all these txaminations show that 21f4- is possible also under the
conditions of weightleemess. There are 2 flgur~5~ and I photograph.
Card 212

86341
IT U54 S/025/60/000/010/004/007
11. 1!; 2,0 A166/AoQg
AUTHOR: lm_~ didate of Medical Sciences
TITLE: Space Flight and the Problem of Feeding
PERIODICAL: Nauka i zhizn', 1960, No. 10, pp. 18-23
TOU: Space flight presents ce,.-tain problems in feeding. Cooking is im-
possible because of the lingering fulmes. No crumbly foods can be eaten because
they disintegrate in the mouth under the effects of weightlessness and the par-
ticles penetrate the respiratory tracts, causing severe coughing and possible in-
flammation of the lungs. Weightlessness may also weaken the sphinctor of the oeso-
phagus so that food may easily be forced back into the mouth . To prevent this,
the pressure in the stomach must be reduced. Food could be taken frequently in
small portions. Water can be drunk: 1) under an artificial gravity, 2) from long-
necked plastic bottles, 3) in the form of a jelly with some binding substance.
The last method was used for the dogs Belka and Strelka on the second Soviet spa~;e
ship. The animals' feed contained, meat, sausage, combined fat, groats, water,
agar-agar and basic vitamins and was presterilized in an autoclave at 1150C. To
reduce the spaceman's evacuatory needs to a minimum he could be fed on a special
highly -assimilable liquid nutrient mixture (meat, ricej eggs, sugar, fruit juice,
Card 1/3

86341
5/025/60/000/010/004/007
Space Flight and the Problem of Feeding A166/AO29
tea and coffee) with a low ballast residue. For longer space flights, however,
some other system of providing food is needed since the amount of payload which
could be devoted to food and provisions is limited. Intensive research is now
being conducted into a "closed ecological. cycle" for space ships, whereby the hu-
man waste products could be utilized for nutrient media in hydroponics (developed
in the USSR by K.A. Timiryazev). The first experiments along this line were made
by F.A. Tsander who cultured plants in water with human waste products in a ratio
of 1 : 1200 and suggested that this method might be suitable for space flight,
-ince the plants would absorb the excess C02 and liberate oxygen. Tsander experi-
mented with the cultivation of peas, cabbage and other vegetables on charcoal, a
light "soil" for space ships. Tests with plants suggest that monocellular green
algae might be very suitable for the purpose since they are very resistant and
can utilize about 7 % of the sun's energy for the purpose of growth (they increase
their mass 7-fold in 24 hours). Some algae can be cultivated on synthetic media
and synthesize a large amount of protein, fats, carbohydrates and vitamins. Chlo-
rella contains up to 50 % protein, 25 % fat, 15 % carbohydrates and 10 % mineral
salts, including vitamins A, B and C. It can also readily utilize human waste pro-
ducts. Experimental installations containing 230 liters of algae suspension (in
a concentration of 10 grams per liter) should liberate no less than 20 liters of
Card 2/3

863141
S/025/60/000/010/004/'007
Space Flight and the Problem of Feeding A1661AO29
oxygen a day and have a dr-j substance increase of 23 grams per liter, i.e., suf-
ficient for one man's oxygen and food requirements. The second Soviet space
ship contained Chlorella to test the effects of space flight on its growth. One
of the main problems is to adjust the rate of algae increase exactly to man's
needs, i.e., achieve a biological balance. Moreover, Chlorella would give an
unusual diet of 50 % protein, only 15 % carbohydrates and a great mass of cellu-
lose. It is not sure whether man could stand such a diet for long and some re-
searchers now argue that it might be better to use a combination of biological
and chemical synthesis of food products.
Card 3/3

23653
R/002 16 - /000,100 1.,/00 x,/00~;
A231/A'126
AUTHOR- Malkin, V., Candidate of Medical Sciences (Moscow)
TITLEz Alimentation in space
PERIODICAL: Piinja si Tehnicg, no, 1, 1961, 16 - A,'.r
TEXT: The article reviews the alimentation possibilities for space
ship crews during a flight. Investigations on the alimentation in space
are conducted.in different directions, depending on the duration and purpose
of the space flight. In case of a short flight lasting only a few days or
weeks, there are no really great problems. The food of the crew should con-
sist of saccharoses, albumen and fat, plus a great quantity of C-vitamine.
Canned food has to be taken along since cooking is not possible in the
space ship. Some difficulties arise because of the weightlessness. A frac-
tionated alimentation with small quantities of food seems to be very advan-
tageous. Anot"her difficult problem is the drinking of watur. ScIentists
recommend the use of jallified water combined with food. This method has
been already used in the feeding of the animals in the second Soviet satel-
lite and of the dogs Belka and Strelka in the second space ship. The jolly
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23653
Alimentation in space
R/002/6-11/000/001/003/00~
A231/A126
used consisted of water, meat, fats and floury substancos. The food for a
short flight should be prepared in such a way that the crew could eliminate
as little excrements as possible. The alimentation during a longer flight
presents more difficult problems. Tsiolkovskiy has already worked out the
idea of -~he closed circuit of the necessary substances. He has recommended
the-use of terrestrial plants cultivated in liquid media. First successful
expRriments have been conducted by the Soviet scientist F. A. Tsander.
Tsiolkovskiy has also recommended the use of very fertile plants, such as
bananas, and some western researchers the use of pumpkins. Tsander has con
ducted experiments with charcoal to be used instead of earthy eoi-ls for the--x
cultivation of plants. Because of their considerable advantages, a!-ae have
been selected by many scientists to be the most important food supply on
board of a space ship. They are resistant, grow very fast, can easily be
cultivated in artificial media and eynthetize a great quantity of proteins,
fats, saccharoses and vitamines. They also re-utilize almoF-.t. all substanr~es
el-iminated by the human organism aiid they produce oxygen. To PT Olre +~e -'r'--
fluence of the al-ae on the flying conditions, different species of algae
were introduced on board of the second Soviet space ship, The greatest d--~f-
Card. 2/3

Alimentation in space
65'
R/002 61~000/001/003/005
A23", A126
~A 1
fit,ulty in the use of plants in space ships represents the establishment of
a very accurate biological equilibrium. In order to prevent the biological
equilibrium's disturbance, some scientists recommend the use of biological
processes as well as the chemical synthesis of the food subt3tances. There
are 4 figlares.
VX,
Card 3/13

S/177/61/000/004/001/001
12264/D305
AUTHORS3 Agadzhanyan, N.A., Major, biedical Corps, Candidate
of bledical Sciences, and Ualkin, V.B., Candidate
of Medical Sciences
TITLE-6 Questions of ensuring the safety of hi6h-altit,,ide
fli6hts; A review of forei6n literature
P1210DICAL& 'Voyenno-meditsinskiy zhurnal, no. 4, 1961, 62-66
TEXT., The authors describe various high-altitude compensating
ta4 1S
suits developed in the west. Among tne suits of which de ~
are given are, that developed by Henry, Drury, Grady and Bennet;
the T-1 suit; the suit developed in 1957 for the X-115 plane;
the UG-4 suit; the French I'Seva-1011 suit; the US MC-2 suit
(as compared with the 140-3A and IAG-4 suits). Hall and Martins,
research on prolon6ed fli6hts at heichts "equivalent to space"
in a BIAG suit is also discusjed. The article ends with a brief
Card 1/2

S/17 6 1 /OUO//uU4 1001, /UO I
Questions of ensuring .., D2014YD505
si.immary of recent foreign research on measures for protection
a6ainst hi6h temperatures. There are 2 non-Soviet-bloc refe-
rences. The referenceSto English-language publications read
as follows% Washin6ton 11 Evening Star" April 19517; Aerospace
bledi,:ine No. 2, 1960.
Card 2/2

32556
7 - z 2- i;-C) S/177/61/000/006/001/003
21.zi;-oo D298/D305
AUTHORS: Babushkin, V.I., Lieutenant-Colonel, Medical Corps,
Candidate of Medical Sciences, Isakov, P.K., Colonel,
Medical Corps, Candidate of Biological Sciences7 ... Malkin,
Candidate of Medical Sciences, and Usuchev, V.
Lieutenant-Colonel, Medical Corps, Candidate of Medical
Sciences
TITLE: Some changes in higher nervous activity under acceleration
PERIODICAL: Voyenno-meditsinskiy zhurnal, no. 6, 1961, 54-58
TEXT-. Because of the effects of acceleration in flight on the brain
the authors studied the functional state of the higher sections of the
central nervous system under radial acceleration. Radial acceleration
was effected in a centrifuge with a seat equipped for recording motor
reflexes and studying the structure of certain special volitional move-
ments. The first series of tests studied the state of conditioned motor
reflexes to light and sound stimuli under varying degrees of acceleration.
Card 1/4

32556
S/177/61/000/006/001/003
Some changes, in higher D298/1)305
The results showed that under relatively low acceleration of 3A
, a
slight increase in the latent period of the motor conditioned response
was noted. As the experiment wag repeated, the difference in the latent
period became less marked. At greater acceleration3of 5-6 g the picture
was different. While the latent period of response to a sound stimulus
increased ~slightly, there was a marked increase in the latent period of
response to light stimulus. To check the pilot's work capacity under
acceleration a second series of tests studied the effects of accelera-
tion on motor actions simulating working movements that a pilot has nor-
mally to make. It was found that the changes in the structure of the
motor action varied with the degree of acceleration and the plane in
which the activating arm moved. The most marked increase in movement
time was noted when the arm was diifted in a direction opposite to the
action of the centrifugal force. When the arm was moved in a plane per-,
pendicular to the action of centrifugal forces, the movement time in-
creased only slightly. When an anti-gravity suit was worn under only
slight acceleration, the latent period of conditioned motor reflexes
Card 2/4

32556
S/177/61/000/006/001/003
Some changes in higher ... D298/D305
to light and sound stimuli increased slightly. With greater acceleration,
the latent period changed much less than when no anti-gravity suit was
worn. The use of an anti-gravity suit also led to less marked changes
in the structure of working movements. Various researchers have noted
that increasing acceleration leads to progressive drop in the blood
pressure of the cerebral vessels. The use of an anti-gravity suit, how-
ever, helps maintain blood circulation at a high level. This is
corroborated by the 'authors' previous research (1954-56)% persons wearing
an anti-gravity suit and subjected to acceleration had a higher blood
pressure in the brachial artery than persons with no anti-gravity suit.
The authors view this as experimental proof that the increased resistance
to acceleration afforded by ananti-gravity suit derives mainly from com-
pensation of the shifts in the blood circulation system. The authors
disagree with certain Soviet researchers (G.L. Komendantov, 1952;
D.M. Savin, 1953), who attribute the profound disturbances in the acti-
vity of the central nervous system caused by acceleration to afferent
pulsa:tion from the interoreceptors of the viscera. The aithors assert
that in the present case afferent pulsation from these receptors has no
Card 3/4

32556
S/177/61/000/006/001/003
Some changes in higher... D298/0305
definite significance; the disturbances are obviously caused by dystrophy
of cerebral blood circulation as a result of the drop in blood pressure
in the cerebral vessels. The visual disturbances under acceleration are
probably caused by dystrophy of the peripheral section of the visual
analyzer, i.e., the retina. On the basis of their observations the
authors conclude that sound signaling is preferable to visual signaling
in flying and could be used as a basis for a more rational distribution
of control levers and switches in a plane's cabin. There are 2 tables
and 2 figures.
SUBMITTEDg November,1960
Card 4/4

GUMMMIp.V.S.;,_MMMNt V.B.; TSEYTLIN, M.L.
Method for electric stimulation of the heart. Biofizika 6
no. 1:125-126 161. (MIRA 14:2)
(ELECTROCARDIOGRAPHY)

GURFIN "-It V-S- (Moskvap A-319, 1-y TSvetkovski er., d.19, kv../3);
~UKIN, V.B. - T&;TLIN, ILL.; KHUDYAKOV, 13.
Roentgenography of the heart during phases of the cardiac cycle
selected at random. Vest. rent. i rad. 36 no.6:25-28 N-D '61.
(URA 15:2)
1. Iz Instituta eksperimentallnoy biologil i meditsiny Sibirskogo
otdeleniva AN SSSH i Matematicheskogo instituta imeni V.A.Steidova
Ali' SSSR. (IEART-R&DIOGRUHY)

VLASOVO yq, .; GURF=I, V.S.; IVANOV, D.I.; 14A=, V.B.,- POPOVA, Ye.O.;
,A ----
SHIK, M. L.
Hemadynamic studies during the respiration,of 02 under excessive
pressure. Kul. eksp. biol. i med. 51 no.4s22-27 Ap 161.
(MIRA 14:8)
1. Iz Instituta eksperimentallnoy biologii i meditsiny (dir. - prof.
Ye.N.Meshalkln) Sibirskogo o,tdeleniya AN SSSR, Novosibirsk.
Preotavlana doystvitellnlm chltjnom AMN SSSR V.V.Parinym.
(BLOOD-CIRCULAT.ION) (RESPIRATION)
(ATMOSPHEHIC, PPMSURE-PHMIOLOGICAL KqECT)

GURFINKPII, V.B.1 TSETLIN, M.L.; KIIUDYAKOV, A,V.
Use of bioelectric signals of the heart for the purpose of control.
Vop. Pat. i reg. org. krov, 1. dykh. no.103-37 161, (MIRA 180)

MALKIN V.B.1 YURX0V# A.F.
ReslBtance of adrenalectomized and hypophyoectomized rats to
acute oxygen deficit. Probl.kosm.biol. 200-398 162.
(MIRA 16:4)
(ANOXEMIA) (PITUITARY BODY) (ADGRENAL GLANDS)

ACCESSION NR: AT4o4265o s/Ooo0/63/0oq/Ooq/oo47/Oar7j
AUTHOR: Babushkin, V. I.; Iaakov, P. K.; Malkin, V. B.; Uaachev, V. V.
TITLE: Physiological reactions to radial accelerations
SOURCE: Konferentsiya po aviatsionnoy i koomicheekoy meditaine, 1963.
Aviatsionnaya i kosmicheakaya meditaina (Aviation and space medicine); materialyO
konferentsii. Moscow, 1963, 47-51
TOPIC TAGS: acceleration effect, radial acceleration, cardiovascular system,
respiratory system, pilot testing, work capacity, compensating reaction
ABSTRACT: Experiments to determine the effects of acceleration on various physio-
logical functions and the work capacity of pilots were performed on centrifuges
and in flights. Particular attention was paid to the effects of acceleration
on the cardiovascular and respiratory systems. Examination of data indicated that
persons able to withstand accelerations of 6 to 7 g reacted to acceleration stress
by an increase in arterial pressure, the heartbeat rate, and the respiration rate.
These inuicea were leas well defined in personn who could not withstand accelera-
tion well. Analysis of experimental data has shown that an increaae in pulmonary
Card 1/3

ACCESSION HR: AT4042650
v-ntilation accompanies acceleration stress. The pulmonary ventilation of pilots
Lubjected to an acceleration stress of 5 9 increases more than two fold. This
effect can be reduced considerably by the use of high-altitude pressure suite.
When pilots are siabjected to accelerations of between 5 and 6 g, oxygen consump-
tion almost doubles and the production of CO by the body increas,~-o significantly.
Results of experiments on gas exchange have ?ndicated that during the first five
minutes after acceleration has taken effect, the consumption of oxygen remains
increased while the respiration coefficient remains close to 1. 7his indicates
that acceleration causes a significant increase in the intensity of the metabolic
processes. The use of a high-altitude pressure suit reduces the consumption of
oxygen and of energy requirements. The development of compensating reactions
during acceleration, ouch as the increase of muscle tone, the increase of the
functional activity of the cardiovascular system, and the increase in respirationt,
brings about an increase in energy requirements. The use of a high-altitude pres-
sure suit has the effect of relieving the organism of part of the "load," thereby
increasing the physiological capabilitieo of the pilot*
ASS()CIATION: none
Card 2/3

ACCESSION MR: AT4o4265o
SUBMIrl : 27Sep63
NO REF SOV: 000
Card 3/3
!~~, - .. milme ~
I
"M
ft
. - --~
ML: 00
OTIM: 000
M CODE: LS

ACCESSION NR: AT4042657 S/0000/63/000/000/0072/0075
AUTHOR: Beregovkin, A. V.; Buyanov, P. V.;,Malkin, V. B.
TITLE: Respiration and gas exchange during acute hypoxia
SOURCE: Konferentsiya po aviatsionnoy i kosmicheskoy meditsine, 1963.
Aviatsionnaya i kosrni,~,ieskaya meditsi-na (Aviation and space medicine);
materialy* konferentsii. Moscow, 1963, 72-75
TOPIC TAGS: hypoxia. respiration, gas exchange, diagnostic tool, low oxygen
mixture, respiratory volume. oxygen consumption
ABSTRACT: Hypoxia is a recognized diagnostic tool for determining the
reserve potential of the nervous system, respiration, and circulation in
healthy individuals. It is also a useful mechanism for detecting the initial
stages of some diseases. The purpose of this study was to determine some
general mechanisms of breathing through individual response to acute hypoxia.
in 54 healthy male subjqcts, aged 20-23 years. The medium for proucing
Card 1/ 3

ACCESSION NR: AT4042657
acute hypoxia consisted of an oxygen-nitrogen mixture (9.3--10.91o oxygen in
the first series and 8.0--8.576 oxygen in the second). Investigations were .
conducted following prolonged sleep, on an empty stomach, and when subjects
were in a supine position. Frequency, depth and rhythm of respiratory move-
ment, and the maximum capacity of the lungs were measured spirographically.
Lung ventilation was measured using a gasometer, and gas exchange was
determined by the Douglas-Holden method. In the first series, (9.3--10.976
oxygen), the mean increase in lung ventilation was 247a whereas in the second
series the increase was 4776. Respiratory volume increased by 2876 in the
first series and 5176 in the second. Oxygen consumption in the first series
fell 1116 in the first 15 min but reached 9876 of the nor:nal value after 50 min.
In the second series, oxygen consumption fell 7116 and reached only 7910 of
the normal value by UP- end of the test. Respiration rate did not vary ap-
preciably in either series. The authors conclude that low resistance to
hypoxia is indicated by a lack of noticeable change in the volume of lung
ventilation or a sharp rise thereof (greater than 10076), decreased depth of
breathing, decreased vital capacity of the lungs (4076 and more), and a sharp
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ACCESSION NR: AT4042657
drop in gas exchange during the initial stages of a hypoxia probe followed by
delayed normalization.
ASSOCIATION: none
SUBMITTED: 27Sep63 ENCL: 00 SUB CODE: LS
NO REF SOV: 000 OTHER: 000
Card 3/3

TZIL PcLkovnik mediti3ins"'oy
EN"YEV, V.G.,
V T-i i I
seizares caused by ~~ypoxemia. llcen.-ma6i.
064. (MIRA 180)

n' M -on a k-hay -K. K.-
_-AIMILOR.- ~Malki Asyamo
n,
A
ITIS: The bloelectrical activity of:an isolated section ofthe cerebral cortex of
.tion of t
Tabbits--durin
SSR, Iz- iibiya._~___-Seriya i
80urm: Al~ S ---ve -biologicheskavai._
-tOPI'C_ TAM-11'' I bldele-j- acute hypoxi a_-,-_-cer_ebr_a_I. cortexi -humoral- effect-9
neui-al-isola~ion
ABSTRUICT: Experiments on the bioclectrical activity of the cortex during the devel-
o:)ment -of hypoxis were conducted with an isolated cortical section in order to ex-
iclude afferent, influences and retain humoral ones. Vaelve adult rabbits were used.
iFor six mUmals, cnly the spontaneous bioelectrical activity of the section was re-
c U
orded; forthe other zix, additional clectrical.stim-ulation of the-section
i
1(15 x 7 x 3 with a Neurovez stimulator (frequency, 5-8 see; pulse duration,
5 m/se:~) waz emr~loyed. After trephination, a parietal area of the cortex vas coin-
etel~t isolated from th-a-underlying tissue. Blood supply was maintained.thro 'ugh the-,
oft manihx Acute hirioxia vas incluced by placing the animals -in an altitude chambe

ACIC-LISSIOrt NR AF~dj.Yf6tf
N., '-11cre thcw zzz, o 12,000, m. th is altitude
idly ascended" t 911a, aniftiox Vore kept at
r
of'the brain had been completely supreseed after
until th.e bioplectrical.activity
-4hich co-LAItions i~ere rapidly normalized. In the firet series of experiments, it
iri~S ! ("Und that 8pontaneous bioelectrical activit.- woo retained in the cortical see-
t i on ~: -3 hr after isolation, which vas considerably longer than in previous experi"r'
rients. in the altitude chamber, depression of bioelectrical actiNrity developed a1-1
Most Simultaneou.11y in the iaolated- section ard in the- intact cortex. When direct
lelect_~i.cal stimulation of the section was employed, increase of excitability was
e-presced. in a lowering of' the threshold voltage causirig a. direct rewponse or in
incre!
-ise In the amplitude of direct cortical response, With direct e ectrical stimul
ulaticn, the increase in excitability takes place earlier during the gradual develo
T' a (at 2000 m). Manges in bioelectrical activity are thus not con-
rient of bypoxi
us
d with afferent impulses, as had been previo ly suggested. It was concluded
Ithat bypoxia in conditions of neural isolation has a direct stimulating effect on
ic-ils of the cerebral-.cortex, which is-transmitted alrng humoral path-wrays. This
54-imulating- effect begins,to show in the isolated cortical section at comparatively
2ov a1titudes, while there are still-no visible changes of bioelectrical activity.
in the intact cortex. A period of increase in excitability in-the isolated cortex-1-_
se
es n ensifi cation --of spontaneouG discharge activity, - The maximum increa-
ischarg a in the lsolatecl cortical section
of excitabilityand of:-spontaneous d e
n
he -cor-;
corrasponds to the beginning of the phase of s)~ncl mnous slow waves fn t
Card 2/3
7~.

- MALKIN V3.- TOPKOVII V.L.Q POPOVA, Ye.O.; CHERNYAKOV, I.N.
1VANOV, D. 1. p J, I
Autmatic analyals of dlurnhl periodic ghangeg irl the h~irzazzl
f,
electroencephalogram. Prob.. kosim. biol. 4,-642-6,~I, 16-.
m 0CM 1829)

.:thet
di.

-AT603664
j4CC Nk,
i
SOURCE CODE: UR/0000/66/000/000/0270/0272
AUTHOR: Malkin, V. B.; Bogachava, I. D.; Martens, V. K.; Roshchina, N. A.
ORG: none
TITLE: Yachnnism of adaptation to hypoxia 01aper presented at the Conference on
Problems of Space Medicine hold In Moscow from 24-27 May 1966]
SOURCE: Konferentsiya po problemam kosmicheskoy maditsiny, 1966. Problemy
kosn.icheskoy meditsiny. (Problems of space medicine); materialy konferentaii,
~bscow, 1966, 270-272
TOPIC TAGS: high altitude physiology,hypoxIia, alpine acclimatization, adrenal
gland, pituitary gland, cerebral cortex
ABSTRACT:
The roles of the adrenals, hypophysis, and cerebral cortex in mamma-
lian adaptation to prolonged conditions of lowered barometric pressure were.
studied in 3 series of experiments on half-grown white rats: in series 1 the
animals had undergone adrenalectomy; in series 2, hypophysectomy; and in
series 3, preliminary unilaterai or bilateral decortication.
The hypophysectomized and adrenalectomized rats were acclimatized to'
alpine conditions: 14,44ys at an altitude of 2000 m, and 14 to 20 days at an
1/3

ACC NR; AT6036647-
altitude of 3800 m. Decorticated and adrenalectomized rats were also ac-_
;.climatized to press ure-chamber altitudes of 3000 to 7000 m.
Controls were hypophysectornized, adrenalectomized, and decorticated
animals which were not exposed to high altitudes, and intact animals some
of which were exposed to high altitudes and some of which were not.
Indices of adaptation were body weight, arterial blood shifts, and toler-
ance of acute hypoxia.
Weight gain lagged in all the altitude-acclimatized animals, more so in
the intact animals than in the adrenalectomized and decorticated rats. This
-difference was least in the hypophysectornized rats.
After prolonged exposure to rarefied atmospheres, increased peripheral
erythrocyte, reticulocyte, and hemo-ilobin counts were seen in the intact
0
adrenalectomized, and decorticated rats. H ophysectomy caused erythro-
yp
cytes and hemoglobin to decrease; in these rats, prolonged exposure to high
-altitude did not stimulate erythropoiesis or increase hemoglobin. This in-
!.dicates the direct participation of hypophyseal hormones in hematopoiesis
stimulation durin hy
9 - poxia.
Card 2/3

I-ACC - NR:-.-AT6036647
I Both the alpine- and pressure - chamber acclimafized rats displayed
increased tolerance of acute hypoxia. Increase in tolerance in the intact
and adrenalectomized rats was almost identical,even though adrenalectomy
,usually decreases altitude tolerance in animals not already acclimatized to
,.high altitudes. In most cases hypophysectomy decreased altitude tolerance
.slightly. Hypophysectomized animals acclimatized to hiah altitude showed a
'reliable increase in resistance to acute hypoxia. Unilateral or
bilateral decortication substantially increased altitude tolerance, and accli-
'matization of these animals to rarefied atmospheres only slightly increased
I
their tolerance of acute hypoxia.
It is concluded that removal of the hypophysis and adrenals no more
preKepto-thq ctqyelopment of adaptation to 4ypqxia than does decorticiation.
CW. A. No. 22; ATD Report 66-116]
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SOV/32-24-10-65/70
AUTHORS: Lukin, V. V., Vak3man-, S. S., Dolzhanskiy, A. I., Berezin, V. 1_
Malkin, S. Z. , Moldaver, T. I.
TITLE: News in Brief (Korotkiye soobshcheniya)
PERIODICAL: Zavodskaya Laboratoriya, 1958, Vol 24, Nr 10, pp 1292-12913 (USSR)
ABSTRACT: V. V. Lukin (Moskovskiy inzhenerno-fizicheskiy in3titUt) (Moscow
Technological-Physical Institute) suggests a new method of de-
termining the maximum plasticity of metals by the destruction
of crosspieces (obtaired by the drilling of two holes at the ends
of the metal piece to be investigated). The crosspieces are
destroyed by pressing a special instrument into the bore holes
(Figure). The tests are oarried out with the testing machine
-5. The measurements of the crosspiece prior to and after the
test are carried out by means of a metallographical microscope*
The idea of this testing method comes from M. P. Markoverts(Ref 1),
S. S. Vaksman (VsesoTaznyy nauchno-issledovatellskiy institu,;
avtogennoy obrabctki metallov) (All-Union Scientific Research
Institute for the Autogenous Treatment of Ifetal3) mentions that
at this institute an electric furnace with a capacity of 15 kg
Card 1/3 was constructed for the melting of cast-iron and non-ferrous

News in Brief
SOV/32-24-10-65/70
metals. The highest operation temperature of the furnace is
16000, the current being supplied by a transformer STE -34,
As 19 Dolzhanskiy (zavod "Elektrostall") ("Elektrostall"
Factory) wrote that the crack dptector according to L. K.
Tatochenko, V. V. Lyndir. et al. (Ref 1) was completed. According
to a suggestion by *the foreman A. A* Polyakov two permanent
magnets M%a%%- were used for the holding de-vicea
Ve I* Berazin, S. Za Malkin completed the laboratory law r-r,-,sh'L-r
To secure a higher resistivity the casing w--'-! bF, mad-'?
of steel type St.P25-45115. The other modifications are explained
by diagramse
T. I. Moldaver (Berdsk-ly radio-zavod)o*z* Wireless Factory~
recommends the use of Teflon rir.-s of a thickness of 2 mm in
carbon analyses in Mar3 furnaces to protect the in-,bber sea'--,*ngs
on the porcelain tubes.
There are 3-figures and 2 references, which are Sovi=-,.
ASSOCIATION: Moskovsk-ly inzheierno-f-izicheskiy institut (Moscow "echnol-Dg-a-
Physical Institute); Vsesoyuznyy nauchno-issledova-.ellskiy
institut avtogennoy obrabotkif metallov (All-union Research
Institute for the Autogenous Treatment of Metals); zavod
Card 2/13 "Elektrostall" ("Ellektrostal"' Factory); Berdskiy radiozavcd