SCIENTIFIC ABSTRACT KOVELMAN, G. M. - KOYENSKIY, I. I.

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SCIENTIFIC ABSTRACT
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SAIMIOVSKIY, inzh., lailreat St&linakoy premli; EDVELIMAN, G.M., kand. tekhn.nauk Boonomizing sheet steel in making metal construction elenerits. Stroi.prom. 27 n0,7;15-18 J1 149. (MIRA 3,3:2) (Sheet steel) KOVZLIMAN, G.M., kandidat tekhnicheakik-h nauk. Oatstanding %esian engineer - Vladimir Grigor'evich Shukhov (Aug.26, 1853 - Feb-2, 1939)." Stroi.prom..31 no.10:42-46 0 '53. (MISA 6:11) (Shukhov, Vladimir Grigorlevich, 1853-1939) KOVELI The most outstanding Russian engineer. Vladimir Grigorlevich ,%Ukho,r (1853-1939)- Trudy po ist,tekh. no,8.-6h-88 '54. (MLRA 8:2) (Uhukhov, Vladimir Grigorlevich, 1853-1939) KOVE14LAN. G.H.. kandidat tekhnichaskikh nauk. . " '- From the histoz7 of metal construction elements as used in Russia. Stroi.prom. 32 no.6:42-46 Ja 134. (KIRA 7:6) (Building, Iron and steel) KOVSL'W, G.K., kandidat takhniches)dkh nauk. MMUNIMMOM Selectio4 of dimensional series for assorted metal girders. StandiLitizateM so.4:7-11 J1-A9 156 (KM 9:11) (Girders-Standards) KOVALIMAN, Grigorij Morkovich; P02DIM, A.I., inzh., nauch. red.; BEGI-X, B.A., red. izdZ~v~, MWINA, Ts.L., takhn. red. [The work of Vladimir Grigorlevich Shukhov, ang-aear and hono"red acadenioian] Tvorchestvo pochetnogo skademiks in- zhenere Yladinira Grigorleviche ShUkhova. Moskve, Goa. 12d-vo lit-ry po stroit., arkhit. i stroit. materislan, 1961. 362 p. (MIRA 14:3) (ShWehov, Vladimir Gri.morlevich--1833-1939) I Va o1cervalle facie%$ IIIIII-ith I Owl. Moomoka 1439. Nw 11. ~Nll W .% liv. lilt- twwm '4 111,- 1.01 All, 4 111, 1, -itut 1-1, Ate It a &IIALIVOOKat illf"IfAr LtAII11FKA11col %Va., il"AsIv. !sick., .10 oat P111#1211ts mvil v a so 0 a v a a 41 a a 4 UZ 81.111 coo r tt KOVELIMWI kand, tekhn. nauk; GALKIN, Ya.G... kand. tekhn. nauk.. nauennyy red.; TUMARKIN, D.M.$ inzh., red. izd-va; VORONIN, K.P., tekbn. red. [Special building materials; a short handbook) SpetsialInye stroitelInye materialy; kratkii spravochnik. Moskva, Gos.izd-vo 1it-ry po stroit., i arkhit., 1952. 250 P. (MIR& 15:1) 1. Vaohallnik otdola stroitelInykh materialov TIntrallnogo insti- tuta informatsii p0 stroitelistvu (for Kovellman (Building materials) KOVILIMLN. I.A., kandidat tekhnichaskikh nank; SOLDDOVNIKOVA, I.F., inshener, ---redaktoi.- -- (Gypsum tiles and sheets for partitions and dry plastering] Gipsovye plity i litty dlin paregorbdok i sukhoi shtukaturki. [Doklad podgotovlen I.A. lovellmanoml Moskva, Goa. iud-vo lit-ry po stroitel'stvu i arkhitakturs, 1953. 25 P. (MLRA 6:10) 1. Moscow. TSentrallnyy institut informatsii po stroitel'stvu. (Gypsum) (Plastering) SOKOLOVA, Ye.B., kandidat arkhitektury, starshiy nauchnyy sotrudnik; KOVIL'- __MAL_ v, imndidat tal-chnicheekikh nauk, nauchnyy redaktor; --- TYAMN, B.G., redaktor izdatel'stva; KELINIGEIENKO, F.P., takhni- cheskiy redaktor. [Now face materials for facades] Novyp fasadnve oblitBovocluwe izdaliia. Moskra, Gbs. izd-vo lit-ry -po stroit. i arkhit., 1956. 22 'D. (Ratsionalizatorskle i izobratatellekle predlozhentia v stroitellstve. no.133). (MLRA 10:8) (Ceramic materials) (Facades) . 414,1 - , KOVELIMAN, I.A., kandidat tekhnicheskikh nauk. 1. krocI.M.I.Imm, s6 of concrete blocks-abroad. Opyt stroi. no.1:54- 62 856. (Bu.'LlAing blockel (MI2A 10:4) USSR/Chenical Technology. Chemical Products and Their Application -- Silicates. Glass. Ceramics. Binders, 1-9 Abst Journal: Referat Zhur - Xhimiya., No 2., 1957., 5277 Author: Kovellman, I. A. Institution: None Title: Experience with Utilization of Vibratory Grinding in Production and Activation of Binders Original Publication: Byull. stroit. tekhniki, 1956, No 5, 19-22 Abstract: Review of researches previously published in periodicals. Card 1/1 KOVELIMAN, I.A., kandidat takhnicheskikh nauk. "'m Mineral wool filled heat-indulating jackets used in piping systems. Opyt stroi. no-5:75-80 156. (HLRA 10:4) (Mineral wool) (Water pipes) I -,!9A.M1w4AmJ=iidat tokhnichookikh nauk. Experience in vibration grinding In producing and activating tAnding materials. Biul.stroi.takh. 13 no-5:19-22 Ky 156. (KM 9-8) 1. TSentralinyy inatitut informatail po stroitelletvu. (Binding materials) KOVELIMAN, I.A., kandidat takhaichaskikh *auk. Production aid uce of "Ttong' gas concrete products abroad. Biul. strei.takh.13 no-7:35-38 Jl 156. (MLRA 9:9) I.TSextralls" imstitut informataii pe stroitallstvu. (Swedem-Lightwelght concrete) XOVIM'MAN, I.A.,kandidat takhhIcheskikh nauk. Vermiculite and its use In the construction industry abroad. Biul. stroi. tekh. 13 UQ.9.:45,-48 s 156. (MLRA, 9:11) 1. TSentrall-W institut informatell, po stroitallstva. (Vermiculite) NOVIKOV, I.I.I. lie rid. iskusstvovedeniya arkh.; MAIMRIKOV, A.P. , kand.tekhn, nauk; 8300Y, A.P., k~ndsarkhitektui7; KONTUSIXOV. A.M., kand.tekhn. nauk; SOKOLOV. Te.Be, kandoarkh1tektury; SHATSKIY, Ye.Z., kand. tekhn.nauk; KRICHNVSICAYA, Ye.I., kand.tekhn.nauk; SHLEINA, L.A., kand.tekhn.nauk; KOVELIMANt ~At,jwnd.tekhn.nauk; AGASYAN. A.A.. kand.tekhn.nauk; USMO. Y.M., kand.tekhn.nauk, nauchnyy red..; BARSKOV, I.M., Iznh., nauchnyy red.; YUDINA, L.A., red.izd-va; PECHKOVSKAYA. T.V., tekhn.red. [Building practices In the pe%iles' democracies. Based on reports by delegations-of Soviet biulderal Opyt stroitel'stva za rubezhom; v stranakh narodnoi.demokratii. Po materialam ochetov delegetaii sovetekikh spetsialistov-stroitelei. Moskva, Goa. izd-vo lit-ry po stroit. I arkhit., 1957. 253 P. (MIRA 11:4) 1. Sotrudniki TSentrallnogo instituta nauchnoy Informataii po stroitel'Btvu I arkhitekture Akademii stroitelistva I arkhitektury SSSR (for Nov'ikov, Handrikovi Sedov, Konyushkov, Sokolov, Shatskiy, KrichevskaysL- Shleins, Kovellman, Agasyan) (Bui;Aing) KDVIILIW I. kandidat tekh.nicheekikh nauk. __ - - - - - -- Using "Stramitem straw pulp blocks in England. Stroitell no.4.-21 AD '57. (Great Britain--Building blocks) (MLRA 10.6) EDVELINAg, -I.A., kand.tekhn.nauk Production and use of swollen perlite in construction abroad. Opyt. stroi. no.9:3-16 157. min 11:6) (Perlite (Mineral)) (Concrete) - KOVELIUM. I.A.. kand.tekhn.mauk Materials and products for covering floors. Opyt stroi, 15:42-67 158o (MIRA 11:13) (Floor coverings) TOVXLIKAN~._I.A. kand.tekhn.nauk Acoustical soundproofing materials and products. Opyt stroi. 15:68-86 158, (MIRA 11:11) (Acoustical materials) KOVELIMAN, I.A.,kand.takhn.nauk I Producing and using lightweight ceramic aggrpgates abrodd. Opyt Btrot. no.18:26-45 '58. (MIRA 12:1) (Ceramic materials) (Lightweight concrete) * KOV31CLIMAN, I.A., ktind.toklin.unuk ~~' - Construction products made of glass reinforced plastiefi. Stroi. prom. 16 no.9:41-45 S 158. (W*.R& 11:10) (Glanq rainforced plantica) _t~nd.tokhn.nauk;MZINSXAYA, O.V., kand.tekhn.nauk Production a~hd use of local building materials and products. Opyt atroi. 'no.21:3-30 159- (MIRA 12:11) i'(Buiiaing materials) KCIVELIMAN, I.A., kand.tekhn.nauk Utilization of organic compounds in construction abroad. Stroi. mat. 8 no.7;38-40 JI 162. 04IRA 15:8) (Organic compounds) (Building materials) KOVELIMA I.A., kand.tekhn.nauk; VASILIYEV, V.A., red.; YAKHONTOVA, T.D., tekhn.i~bd. [Concrete and reinforced concrete products and details; precasting practices and use] Betonnye i zhelezobotonnye izdeliin i detali; opyt zavodsko o proizvodstva I primeneniia. Moskva, Gosstroiizdat, 1963. 65 P. &ademiia stroitel'stva. i arkhitektury SSSR. TSentrallnyi institut nauchnoi informqtsil po stroitellstvu i arkhitekture. Opyt zarubezhnogo stroitel'stva, no.13). (MIRA 26:12) KOVISATSKIY, A., inshener. Seauring a proper adjustment.of automobile brakes. Avt.tranap-32 no.4:34 Ap 154. WaA 7:6) (Automobiles--Brakes) XOVMIDI, A. A SiTple Method for Obtalping Chlorides of Dichloroacetic Aiid. Revista De Chimie (Journal of Chemistry), #I:-13:JTan 55 BUCHWALDY P.; KOVENDI, A. Experiments for utilizing the o-nitroethylbenzene. Rev chimie Min petr 15 no. 5:261-264 My 164. arc- C-n a ce c c "Pali uc 13UCHWALD,P.; KOVENDIOA.; HEEW,M.; RUSUpI. A new laboratory method for preparing pure 2-methyl-4-chloro- phenoxyacetic acid. Rev ohimie Min petr 11+ no.n/12-.647-649 IN-D'63. 1. Institutul de cercetari. chimico-farmaceutice, Cluj. VEZA, M.; BUGHWALDIP.; KOVMMvA. Verw substances prepared from bitroethylben2wne vith supposed pesticidal action. Rev chimie Min petr T4 no.11/1,U6.88 V-DIO'3. KMEMM , L., prof.; CSOGOR, I., dr.; KOVENDI, Erzaebet, dr.; GRAUSER, Judit, dr. ~- --- The differential diagnosis of non-I'milial hepatocellular jaun- dices with the aid of intradermal tests with Congo red. Med, intern. (Waur) 17 no.2:3-49-155~ F'65- 1. Lucrare efectuata in Clinica de boll infectioase, Tirgu Mare.9, (directort prof. L. Nelemen). TIT ?T TT tit I t I W en I! V 0 V ~F PNOMS" IND FAMRVICA m. bme dtpwu of load. zinc. gad andmony In northern of Sara, and Turhal), V.Kovrisko. Alt '00 No. 37. 61-93(in French 70-95)(IV47). cf. C.A. 4J. 027W.-Tbe mint at I)mtk Is in vrins in litut- stonearwAr the nuklact with hitrualve grantAkwite and quark diurlit. Pyrite aml galena are the ptincil-Al -at mhmab. lrbe patagrnplic soccrushms SAX pylife. 411d VhAfllljlysit~, ;narftlitt. qtWM and calcile. At AUae. ore ixcur* n limestone and cryst. schisto near the contact with 00 0 bintite stanife. The pampmetic sum-i-tt was pyrite, hernatite. chakwpyrite. ophal.,slit, gairna. Throe tie. * q '7i so I clasned as cintitet pyrometawmiatic. 111) .31 ""V - ' L09 And L .111cfals6 Including stitutitc, vwJrna, imad artsentlau tritAbeddle, occur in quatts vrins cutting antiesitic lava% ire the Zam region. "Amilar v0sts ntur Turbal contain littleft, r4 4 hilinsam rtwks are Igive". N1101arl FIrl"Chrr P, Vj 010 ot t I - Voo U 11 AR .0 it.; 6 ID .1 V to a 0* of ot 4 It U K CT L, IS 06 ~ A 1 go** 0 0 0 00 0 90 o' 000 0 0009 0 0 a 00 0 0see 009 4 ---------- ACC NRt -AP7002400 CODE: ~/00' i12134/ 21)o SOURCE birc~6~16 2-/Oi AUTHORI Sorebryakova, T. lo; Kovenskayat B. A. ORG: Institute of MIAtorials Science-Problems, Academy of Sciences# UkrSSR (Institut problem-materialovedeniya Akademii nauk UkrSSR) TITIS: Physical properties of boride phases of chromium SOURCEI AN SSSR. Izvestiya. Neorganicheskiye materialyp v. 2, no. 12, j966, 2134- 2135 TO?IC TAGS: chromium compound,, boride, resistivity, thermal expansion, hardness k3STRACT: Some physical properties (resistivity, coefficient of thermal ex-nansiong characteristic temperature, microhardness, etc.) of the phases Cr4B, Cr3B2, CrB, Cr3P4 and CrB2 (prepared by sintering) were studied. It was found that all the phases studied have mainly a metalli typo of conduction. A tendency of the resistivity.to decrease with increasing B/Creratio was observed. In all casesp there is a certain deviation of the temperature dependence of the resistivity from linearity. A correla- tion was established between the nature of the change in melting point and the magni- tude of resistivity. The coefficient of thermal expansion decreases in regular fash- sfactorily ac- ion as the B/Cr ratio increases. The relationships established are sati uDc: _r4.761271:541-12 21-58-7-121/27 AUTHORS: Frantsevioh, I.b. , Corresponding Member of the AS VkrSSR, Kalinovich, D.F., Kovenskiy, I.I., llonlkovskiy, V.V, and Smolin, M.D. TITLE: Electrodiffusion of Tungsten in an Iron - Tungsten Alloy ( Elektrodiffuziya vollframa v splave zhelezo - vollfram PERIODICAL. Dopovidi Akademii nauk Ukrains1koi R3R, 1958, Lr 7, pp 736-739 (=3R) ABSTRACT: The role which is played in highly heat-resistant alloys by the increase in the strength of interatomic bonds in metal solid solutions is well known. The strength of in- teratomic bonds is essentialyy increased by the donor- acceptor interaction between the atoms of elements which compose the alloy. The availability of information on this interaction makes it possible to theoretically base the selection of a composition with optimum characteris- tics of heat resistance. The electrotransfer method is the best for studying the donor or acceptor ability of the alloy components. This article describes an invest- igation of tungsten migration in its solid solution in Card 1/3 iron being subjected to a constant electric fieid~ w1hich Electrodiffusion of Tungsten in an Iron - Tungsten Alloy 21-58-7-12/27 185 was carriod out by moan-~,. of the radioactive isotope V! Experiments on electrotransfer were conducted at 900; 950; 1,000; 1,050; 1,100 and 1.150 0C, and at exposure times from 40 to 110 hours, It has been established that in the solid metal solution of tungsten in iron, the former mig- rates, under the action of a constant electric field, tow- ards the cathode. On the basis of experimental data, ve- locities of the tungsten atom displacements have been com- puted, as well as the charges of tungsten ions and trans- fer ratios at all investigated temperatures. It has been shown that the migration speed and transfer ratio values increase with an increase of temperature from 900 to Card 2/3 1,0000G while the charge remains constant. At a further El6ctrodiffusion of Tungsten in an Iron - Tungsten Alloy 21-58-7-12/27 rise of temperature 0a11 these quantities decrease and reach zero at 1,150 C. There are 2 graphs, I table and 3 Soviet references. ASSOCIATION: Institut metallokeramiki i spetsiallnykb splavov ,*,I; TIkr33R (institute of Metalloceramics and Special Alloys of the AS UkrSSR) SUBL'ITTED: February 15, 1958 NOTE; Russian title and Russian names of individuals and in- stitutions appearing in this article have been used in the transliteration 1. Iron-tungsten alloys---Diffusiori 2. Iron-tungsten alloys--Temper- ature factors 3. Tungsten isotopes (Radioactive)--Applicatio-,is Card 3/3 FRARSEVICH, 1-11-[Frantsevch, I.H.3; KALINUViM, D-F. Llalynovych, D.F.j ,P!MqPy,__j,j-_L"venfi'kYI, 1.1-J; fzNlKOVSXIY, 7-y- [Penlkovelkyi. V.V-j Migration of components of solid metal r-)lutions in a direct current field. Part 2. [in Ukrainian with summary in Englishj. Ukr; fizo zhur. Supplement to 3 no.1:64-67 '58. (MMA 11-6) l.Instit,.-.t metalokeramiki i spetsaplaviv All URSR. (Ions--Migration and velocity) (bolutions, Solid--Electric properties) FRARTSEVIM, I.M. CFrantsevych, I.M.1; KALINOVICH, D.P. CKalynovych, D.F.]; KOVENSKIY. I.I. Clovenalkyi, I.I.1; FZNIKOVSKIY, V.V. [Penlkovslkyi, On the migration of solid metal Solution ComPonents in a direct current field [In Ukrainian with summary in English]. Ukr.fiz.zhur. 3 no.1:124-133 JA-F 158. (MIRA 11:4) l.Institut metalokeramiki spetatallnikh a laviv AN URSR. (Heat resistant alloys5 (Electric fields) KO the-A/ 5 /~ -[/;/~ J-- -7-, FRANTSEVIGH, I.N. [Frantsevych. I.M.'J; MINOVICH, D.F. lr'Kalynovycb, D.P.]; KOVENSKIY, I.I. [Kovenalkyi, I.I.]; PEN,Kovsny, v.v. [Penlkovslkyi, V.Vj Migration of the components of solid solutions of metals in the field of a direct current. Part 3 [with summary in English). Ukr.fiz.zhur. 3 no.4:552-559 Jl-Ag 158. (MIRA 11:12) 1. Inatitut metallokeramiki i spetaiallnykh splavov AN USSR. (Diffusion) (Solution, Solid) (Iron) AUTHORS: Frantsevich, Z.-N., Kalinovich, D. F., SOV/2o-121-2-23/53 Kovenskiy, I. I., Pentkovskiy, V. V. TITLE: The Role of Iron a n Acceptor in an Iron-Carbon Alloy (Ob aktseptornoy roli zheleza v zhelezo-uglerodistom splave) PERIODICAL: Doklady Akademii nauk SSSR, 1958, Vol- 121, Nr 2, pp. 277 - 279 (USSR) ABSTRACT: The stability of the interatomic binding in the crystal lattice is essentially important for a number of properties as e.g. the heat resistance. The stability of the binding depends on the donor-acceptor interaction of the atoms of the alloyed components with the atoms of the base metal of an alloy. From the number of indirect methods of investigating the donor-acceptor interaction (X-ray structure-, magnetic-, thermochemical analysis, measurement of the electric resistance etc.) the most effective method is that of electric transfer - the migration of the atoms of the alloy component in a steady electric field. In their investigation the authors used S8MDles of Fe-C-alloys with 0,6 mm diameter and 60 mm Card 1/3 length, produced from electrolytic iron with 1% C; the central The Role of Iron as an Acceptor in an Iron-Carbon Alloy SOV/2o-121-2-23/53 parts of the samples were covered electrolytically by radio- active Pe59. The coordinates of the radioactive investigation zones were measured by means of a comparator. The investigations were carried out in the temperature range of from 900 to 11000C, the samples were exposed to these temperatures for from 12 to 40 hours. The displacement of the boundaries of the activated zones is in the order of some tenths of a mm up to some mm (the displacement of the anode boundary is almost ten times higher than the displacement of the cathode boundary, if T < 10000), the velogity of displacement of the zone boundaries is about some 10- cm/sec and decreases with increasing T. If T - 11000C a migration practically does not take place any longer (see Table 1)There are 1 figure, I table, and 15 references, 6 of which are Soviet. ASSOCIATION: Tnstitut metallokeramiki i sDetsiallnykh splavov Akademii nauk Card 2/3 USSR(Institute of Powder Metallurgy and Special Alloys,AS UkrSSR) The Role of Iron as an.Acceptor in an-Iron-Carbon Alloy SOV/2o-121-2-27/53 PRESENTED: January 15, 19569 by G.V.Kurdyumov, Member, Ac.ademy of Sciences, USSR SUBMITTED: January 8, 1958 Card 3/3 SOV/180-59-1-13/29 AUTHORS: Kalinovich D.F.) Lovenskiy I,I,, Smolin M.D. and Frantsevich I.N. Miyev) TITLE: Investigation of the Migration of the Components of an Iron-Tungsten Alloy in a Constant Electric Field (Issledovaniye migrats1i komponentov splava zhelezo- vollfram. v postoyannom elektricheskom pole) PERIODICAL% Izvestiya Akademii nauk SSSRI Otdeleniye tekhnicheskikh nauk, Metallurgiya i toplivo, 1959p Nr 17 PP 71-71+ (USSR) ABSTRACT: The authors point out that one of the best methods for studying the donor-acceptor electron interaction in alloys is to study the migration of the components under the action of an el e2tzic field. In the published data for solid metal alloys, however, only one component is considered and the possibility of donor-acceptor inter- action is not examined. The authors describe their own work on the transfer of the components of a solid solution of 5 wt. % tungsten in iron. For studying the diffusion of tungsten W1 5 was introduced by diff~asion into the central part of an eleot-olytic-imon wLre 60 mm.long and Card 1/3 0.6 mm in diametei,,, The activity was determined along the test pieca befi)re and after its heating by the SOV/18cl-59-1-13/29 Investigation of tho Migration of the Com~onents of an Iron-Tungsten Alloy in a Constant Rle(:~trio, Field passaga of a direct e~urrent. For studying the mobility of iron, the no~,,mal isotope of tunpten was introduced by diffusion into a similar specc.,imen Wiameter 0.65 mm) over its Whole langth. Fe59 was then deposited electrolytically on the central zone o-V the speoimqns and the distribution of this radioactive iisotopa cver t> cross-section was secured by annealing. Aftez, heai- Ung by the passage of a direct current the wi--e was ---'Ut into sGetions whose activities wel'a det-ermine&A. The beating temperatures were 900.,, 9.;.509 1000, 10509 1100 and 11500C t the times baing 4-0-110 ho-firs foz- the tungsten mobility and 10-40 for Vne iron. mobility experiment's. Fig 1 shows '~Ypical distributions of activity along the length of the 0 specimen for Fe - W185' (95 OC~ 40 hours); Fig 2 the distributions for Fe - W - Fe)9~ The distribution obtained when an alternating c-arrent was used is shown in Fig 3. The autl~ors deter-mine the transfer numbers of tungsten and Jaon for the vaiious temperatures on the Card 2/3 basis of equations p-re-~Iously deduc:ed (Ref 1) and published data o,.q diffusi-on nceffi4~:ients (Ref 2). , SOV/180 -59-1-13/29 Investigation of the Migration of the Components of an Iron-Tungsten Alloy in a Constant Electric Field They conclude that it has been shown that at 900-11000C the valency electrons contributed by tungsten atoms go to fill the vacant 3d-levels of iron atomsq producing a Card 3/3, donor-acceptor interaction. There are 3 figures, 1 table and 3 Soviet references. SUBMITTED: June 4, 1958 SOVA 70- 5 94- 7/20 AUTHORS: Frantse-ii6h,.I.N., Kaliriviich, D.F.j Kov'engkiy, I.I., Smolin, X.D~ TITLEi On~Electrioal Transfer of Tungsten in Nickel-Tungaten Alloys (0b elektroperenose vollframa v nikelevollframovom splave) PERIODICAL: Inzhenerno.-fizicheakiy zhurnal, 1959, Nr 4., PP 47-51 (USSR) ABSTRACTs The.present paper describes the resulta of investigations into electrical transfer of tungsten-in solid oplution in nickel. Experiment6 were pe'rformed with pieces of nl0tt-1 wire o.61 mm in digmeter and 60 mm-long. Tungsten marked with radioactive W 5- isotope was introduced into the central portions of the specimens'by. .diffusion. The tungsten content in't~osq portions am6unted to-O-54 per cent by weight. The tungsten trans- for through a constant electrio-field was studied at temperatures of 850,900, 95Q-t 1,000, 1,050'and lplOOOC. It was shown t 'hat .tungsten atoms migrate-towards the cathode, i.e., in the alloy . under investigat 'ion they are dtonoro of electrons, Charges on tungsten ions and the, numbers of electrons transferred are cal- culated by formulae derived by the authors. It turned out that the effect of electrical transfer increases with an increase in Card 1/2 temperature from 850 to 9500C, and then begins to fall reaching 06567 180) SOV/170-59-9-8/18 AUTHORS: Frantsevich, I.N., Kalinovich, D.F., Kovenskiy, I.I., Smolin, M.D. TITLE: On the Donor-Acceptor Interaction of Components in a Binary Iron-Chromium Alloy PERIODICAL: Inzhenermo-fizicheskiy, zhurnal, 1959, Nr 9, pp 62-68 (USSR) ABSTRACT: Electric transfer of components In solid metallic solutions furnishes Important information for the development of the electronic theory of alloys. The purpose of the present investigation was to study the be- havior of the components of the solid solution of chromium iron in a constant electric field. Radioactive Isotopes Cr5l and Fe5pwere em- ployed for marking atoms migrating in the process of electric transfer. It was established by experiments that the chrome-plated zone in all samples was shifted towards the cathode; hence it is concluded that chromium in its solid solution with iron is a donor of electrons. The study of electric transfer was carried out at temperatures of 1,000, 1,050, ~100 and 1,1500C and at various durations. It turned out that the electric transfer of chromium ions increases with an increase in temperature and duration of experiments. This relationship is shown in Card 1/3 Figure 2. The study of the electric transfer of Iron ions was carried 06567 SOV/170-59-9-8/18 On the Donor-Acceptor Interaction of Components in a Binary Iron-Chromium Alloy out at temperatures from 900 to 1,2000C and various durations. The rate of migration of iron ions grows with an increase of temperature until 1,0500C and then falls down to 1,2000C. At a fixed temperature, the effect of electric transfer increases linearly with the duration of ex- periments. This is shown in Figure 4. The experimental data obtained made it possible to determine the charges and numbers of transferred ions of chromium and iron at various temperatures. These data are presented in T4b!q 1_.Thus the existence of a donor-acceptor interaction in the iron- chromium_aiio-y has been established; It diminishes with an Increase of temperature above 1,0500C. This finding agrees with a conclusion.by P.L. '7 that chromium strengthens interatomic interaction in the Gruzin fRef 17 Card 2/3 iron latticet/t temperatures below 1,1000C. 06567 SOV/170-59-9-8/18 On the Donor-Acceptor Interaction of Components in a Binary Iron-Chromium Alloy There are: 4 graphs, 1 table and 17 references, 8 of which are Soviet, 6 German, 1 French, 1 Indian and i unidentified. ASSOCIATION: Institut metallokeramiki i spetsial'nykh splavov AN USSR (IrLstitute of Ceramics and Special Alloys of the AS UkrSSR), Kiyev. Card 3/3 FRANTSEVICH, I.R.; KALINOVICH, D.F.; KOVENSKn. I.I.; SMOLIK, M.D. Some quantitative relationships of donor-acceptor interactions in alloys. I?iz.tver.tela 1 no.i:62-66 -Ta '59- (MIRA 12:4) (Alloys) (Electrons) 67689 SOV/126-8-4-11/22 AUTHORS: Frantsevich, I.N., Kalinovich, D.F., and lo-v-enak4-y-,.~ TITLE: The State of Carbon and Iron in Steell~ PERIODICALs Fizika metallov i motallovedeniye, 1959, Vol 8, Nr 4, pp 574-578 (USSR) ABSTRACT; The authors point out that much of the work (Refs 1-8) on the ionic nature of carbon in alpha and gamma iron had the d4qadvantage that the migration of carbon was found indirectly, and that some methodological deficiencies also occurred. This and other (Ref 9) work Indicates that in austenite there are positive carbon ions, considered by some authors (Refs 8, 9) to have a charge of 3 to 4 units. Hume-Rothery (V. Yum-Rozeri) (Ref 10), however, has a different theory, which the authors' present work has contradicted. This was carried out using radioactive isotopes C14 and Fe59) one of which was introduced in the middle part of the wire specimen. After prolonged high-temperatuze treating by the passage of a di~re!~t current the shift of the Card radioactive zone was determined. A typical act-ivity vs 1/3 distance curve for 8 hours at 1100 OC is shown in Fig 1.4~/ Experiments were carried out at 950, 1000) 1050~ 1100 676E9 The State of Carbon and Iron in Steel SOV/126-8-L~-11/22 and 1150 OC2 the specimens being pure iron. The effects of ordinary diffusion were allowed for by parallel experiments with alternating current. All tests showed that all the carbon in the austenite participates in the movements contrary to Hume-Rothery's views no negative carbon ions are present. This is.confirmed by micro- structures of the specimen cross sections, showing that the anodic zone is.completely decarburized by passing direct current. For studying migration of iron the radioactive iron isotope was introduced into a wire specimen carburized uniformly over its whole length with stable carbon. Experiments were carried out at 900, 950~ 1000~ 1050 and 1100 OG, a typical activity vs distance curve (30 hours at 950 OC) being shown in Fig 3. Calculations using an equation previously published by two of the authors (Ref 13) show that the carbon atoms in the austenite lattice participating in the migration have Card only 1.1+ electrons each over the whole temperature range 2/3 studied. The iron atoms at 900 OC accept 4 electrons each, 3.5 at 950 OC, 3 0 at 1000, 2.2 at 1050, and none at 1150 OC. ~he Lthors discuss the donor and 67689 The State of Carbon and Iron in Steel SOV/126-8-4-11/22 acceptor roles of the atoms of the added element in a metallic solid solutiong coming to conclusion in harmony with modern ideas.on the electronic structure of such solutions (Ref 15). There are 3 figures and 15 references, 10 of which are Soviet, 1+ English and 1 is German. ASSOGIATIONs Institut metallokeramiki i spetsiallnykh splavov AN SSSR Card 3/3 (Institute of Cermets and Special Alloys, Ac.Sc. USSR) SUBMITTED: August 25, 19~8 .12-7 S/170/60/003/008/009/0"14 B019/BO54 AUTHORSt Glinchuk, M. D., Kalinovich, D. F., Kovenskiy, I. I.1 Smolin. M. D. TITLEt A Method of Determining Diffusion Coefficients in Solids PERIODICAL: Inzhenerno-fizicheskiy zhurnal, 1960, Vol. 3, No. 8, PP. 78 - 81 TEY.Tt The authors investigate diffusion along an infinitely long cylinder with the radius R. It is assumed that at the beginning the diffusing substance is distributed at one end of the cylinder in a thick- ness 6R and a width of 21. The authors proceed from the diffusion equation (1) and obtain the approximate equation (4) for the distribution of concentration along the cylinder. Equation (5) indicates the concentra- tion distribution of the diffusing substance after diffusion at the temperatures TI and T 2 for the durations t 1and t 20 and the diffusion coefficients D1 and D 2 are calculated from (4) and (5), Formula (7) gives the quantity of the substance diffused. By the method suggested h-ere, the Card 1/2 A Method of Determining Diffusion Coefficients S/170/60/003/006/009/014 in Solids B019/BO54 authors determined the diffusion coefficient of chromium in nickel. Table 1 gives the mean values of the diffusion coefficients for various V/C temperatures. The diffusion coefficients were calculated by formula (9). Fig. 2 graphically shows the diffusion coefficient of)lbhromium inv'hickel as a temperature function. The method suggested allows the determination of diffusion coefficients for various temperatures on a sample. The accuracy is designated to be satisfactory. There are 2 figures, 1 table, and 2 Soviet references. ASSOCIATION: Institut metallokeramiki i spetssplavov AN USSR, g. Kiyev (Institute of Powder Metallurgy and Special Alloys of the AS UkrSSR, Kiev) SUBMITTED: March 8, 1959 Card 2/2 81902 S/126/6o/oio/oi/oo4/oiq Elll/E335 AUTHORS, Kalinovich, D.F., KovenskiX, I.I., Smolin, M.D. and Frantsevich, I.N. TITLE. Mobility of Chromium Atoms in a Nickel-lomium Alloy Under the Action of a Direct Electric Field PERIODICAL: Fizika metallov i metallovedeniye, ig6o, vol.lo, NO. 1, pp 42 - 46 TEXT. The authors point out that the study of migration of ions in alloys can give indications of the hi.gh-temperature stabl- lizing role of alloying elements. They describe their work on the migration of hromium in a 0.63 diameter, 60 mm long wire containing 4.3651,/* weight. The central part of the speckmens was electrolvtically coated with a 5-micron thick layer of 51 Cr . After annealing at 1200 OC for 60 hours, the specimens were electrolytically etched to remove the surface layer. Longitudinal radioactivity distribution was measured with an MST-17 counter. Specimens were then placed in an argon atmosphere and a direct current passed through them. Activity- versus-position plots before and after passage of current at 0 :~'000' oc'icor 120 hours (Fi&l) and for 950, 1000, 1050 and 1100 C Vr Gard 17 81902 P( a(Ro/oio/oi/oo4/oi9 -c Mobility of Chromium Atoms in a Nic e -c romium Alloy Under the Action of a Direct Electric Field showed appreciable migration of chromium towards the cathode. Allowing for diffusion the authors calculate the speed of migration of chromium (average values rise from 2.70 x 10 at 950 to 29-71 x 10-8 cm/see at 1100 OC). By removing the outer layer of treated specimens and repeating the activity measurements (Figure 2), migration within the specAmen was found to be less than near the surface (7.20 x 10 1-7- 1.55 x 10-8 cm/sec). For both there was a linear relation between the average displacement of the chromized-zone boundary and duration of experiment. Using Einstein's equation (Raf.4) the authors calculate effective chromium-ion charge values in solid solution in nickel to be 57.6, 42.5, 34.7 and 27.6 at 950. 1000, 1050 and 1.1.00 OC, respectively, which is in line with Weve'r's values for higher temperatures (RefoO. There are 2 figures, 2 tables and 6 references; 2 Soviet, 2 English and 2 German. Card 2/3 V 2549,0 5/02 '61/000/005/011/012 D215YD304 AUTHORS: Frantzevych, I.N., Corresponding Alember of AS UkrSSR, and Kovenslkyy, I.I. TITLE: Investigating electrotransport in some alloys with high electric resistance PERIODICALt Akademiya nauk Ukrayinelkoyi RSR- Dopovidi, no. 5t 1961, 636 - 639 TEXT: The paper is concerned with the investigation of electro- transport of iron and chromium in the alloys Fe-Cr and Fe-Cr-Al, also with that of ironp chromium and nickel in the alloy Fe-Ur-lft. In the experiments radioactive isotopes Fe55, or 51 and Ni63 were used, on samples in the form of wires approx. 0.6 mm thick and 70 V/--1 mm. long. The methods of the experiments have been described (Ref. 4: D.F. Kalinovich? 1.I. Kovenskiy, M.D. Smolin, I.N. Frantzevich, Fizika metal. i metalloved~ 10, 42, 1960). A thin and narrow layer of the radioisotope of the element was brought onto the central Card 1/6 Investigation electrotransport ... 25490 5/021/61/000/005/011/012 D215/D304 part of the sample with the aid of electrolysis. The samples were heated by direct current and the direction and velocity of electro- J_ Uransport was studied by observing the displacement of the radio- active zone. To obtain more accurate data, diffusion coefficients were measured on the same samples according to methods described in M.D. Glinchukq D.F. Kalinovich, I.I. Kovenskiy, M.D. Smolin (Ref. 5: Inzh. fiz. zhurn.t 8, 78, 1960). Results are given in ta- bulated form. The magnitude of the effective charge of ions does not vary with temperature within the limits of experimental error while investigation of other substances has shown that Z- diminish- es when T increases. For the temperatures interval of this experi- ment one can put, with great accuracy, p = po + T, being the elec- tric resistance. On the other hand it is known that = Al +A2 = = (11?1)+('/?2) = '/?' A being the conductivity (the indices 1 and 2 refer to electrons and holes respectively), i.e. Card 2/6 25490 S/021/61/000/005/011/012 Investigation electrotransport D215/D304 1 0 1 = 1 . + 1 . 1 (3) a T + Po I T + 0-1 a2 T + ?02' 7 al a2 Here ?010 ?02 and a2 have the same physical meaning as p. and a but they take into account the electron and hole conductivity. In a special case ?0/' :~_ 9,11a -'= ?02/a, i.e. when 901 /?02 =* const. in the tewerature interval investigatedv the function Z = f(11 (T + go/a)) is, according to DI.D. Smolint I.N. Frantzevich (Ref. 7: DAN SSSRP 136, 82v 1961) a straight line. Using the formula 8X_/03 (e2/h)ln2/ /3 [Abstractorts note:~tll~ appears to be a mis- print], h being Planck's constant, the authors of (Ref. 7: Op-cit.) obtained in this case z z - 1,273*104ni Y3di a 1 + 1.273#104n2 V3e 2(a1 - c1l). 1 T + 90 1 Card 3/6 (4) 25490 S/021/61/000/005/011/012 Investigation electrotransport D215/D304 T + (4) a The quantities z, njP d,,, n 2t d2can be considered constant within the tem erature interval of the experiments described here; there- fore (4~ becomes Z z + X 0 ?0 - z + ZIP (5) + a where K = 1073,10 4n Y3d 1) 1,273- 104n V3 is a con- 2 2 4 - a 1 1 all a 1 stant. If a is very small the condition 9011?02 = const will be realized with sufficient accuracy, and since a is small for the alloys treated here the effective charges of the components of these must satisfy the equation (5). From the fact z / f(T) it Card 4/6 2549o S/021/61/000/005/011/012 Investigation electrotransport ... D215/D304 follows that the result Z const could be obtained only in two cases: 1) if z' = const ~ 0) 2) if z' = 0. The first case is im- possible since the expression for z' contains the variable T. In the second case it is necessar that X be equal to 0. This is again possible in two cases: 1~ if the two terms of which K con- sists are equal, 2) if they are both nearly equal to 0. The first condition means that the interactions of electrons and holes with the ions are equal in magnitude, which can be written n1/3 1 (1, = ,, - 1 (6) 0 a2 2 0`2 or in a two-component system d1l d" (7) F2' = d2". Card 5/6 25490 S/021/61/000/005/011/01.-C Investigation electrotransport D215/D304 (I refers to the first and " to the second components For a three- component alloy one must add the ratio dl"/d2l" in (7). It follows that equal magnitude of the terms in z' is generally possible but has very small probability. The case of both terms being nearly equal to 0 is much more probable. It can be expected in alloys with small concentrations and mobilities of the carriers of current and small temperature coefficient of the electric resistance. The in- vestigations described here confirm thisp as the alloys studied Be- iisfy these conditions. If K is nearly equal to 0, i.e. Z* does not vary with temperature, one can assume Z* = z within the limit of experimental error. It follows that magnitudes of ion charges were obtained. There are 1 table and 7 references; 5 Soviet-bloc and 2 non-Soviet-bloc. the references to the English-language publications read as follows: K, Compaanp Go Havent Trans. Faraday Soc. 52t 786, 1956; 11. Wever, Proce Sympo Not 9, Phys. Chem. 2Lp 2t 1958. ASSOCIATION: Instytut metalokeramiky i spetsialnykh qplaviv AN URSR (Institute of Metallogeramice and Special Alloys AS UkrSSR) SUBMITTED: January 19t 1961 Card 6/6 28692 S/021/61/000/009/010/012 D274/D304 AUTHORS: FrantBevych, I.M., Academician AN USSR, and Kovenslkyy, I.I. TITLE: Investigating the electrical transfer of carbon in metals of the iron group PERIODICAL: Akademiya nauk UkrSSR. Dopovidi. no. 9, 1961, 1169-1171 TEXT: The temperature dependence of the effective charges z of carbon in its solid solutions PeC, CoC, and NiC are obtained. The charicter of the experimentally obtained temperature dependence of Z corroborates the theoretical predictions which led to the expressions zX = z - njc1jlj + n2"~212 Card 1A 28692 S/"021/61/000/009/010/012 Investigating the electrical ... D274/D304 and Ax2 + BxZ .0- CX - Z)K + z = 0 (3) where z is the ion charge, n1, 0`1 , 11 and n2, c"2 , 12are the den- sity, scattering cross-section, and free path of the electrons and holes, Z 4 is an effective charge which can be experimentally determined from electrical transfer by means of Einstein's rela- tionship (and taking into account the correlation factor f):Z4eD = BkTf, where D is the diffusion coefficient at the tem- perature T and B is the ion mobility; A,B and C are constants re- lated to the conductivity parameters and those of electron- and hole scattering by migrating ions. The temperature interval of the experiments is taken as large as possible and the ion mobility has to be high. These requirements are fulfilled by the investi- Card 2/ 4 28692 S/02 61/000/009/010/012 InvestigatJng the electrical ... D274YD304 gated solid solutions of carbon in iron, cobalt and nickel. The specimens were wire pieces 70 mm long and 0.6 mm in diameter. The middle part of the specimens was labelled by radioactive isotopes 14 0 0 . The temperatures ranged from 600-1400 C. Up to 8000C, the specimens were heated in a furnace; for higher temperatures, a direct current was used. The diffusion coefficient for carbon, as well as the rate of electrical transfer (the transport rate), were measured by means of the radioactivity of the tracer. The ob- tained values of Z* were processed by the method of least squares. Thereupon, the temperature dependences of the effective charge of carbon in its solid solutions FeO, CoC, and NiC were obtained. The parameters of this dependence are listed in a table. In all tAe alloys, the carbon migrated towards the cathode; as thereby Z exceeded z, the influence of a "hole wind" on the electrical transfer is established. The ion charge of carbon in austenite was found to be nearly 4 units, thus confirming T.A. Lebedyev's assumption (Ref. 1: Metallurg, 5, 12, 1934). This charge decreases on passing from FeC to CoC and NiC. There are 2 tables and 9 Card 3/4 28692 S/02 61/000/009/010/012 Investigating the electrical ... D274YD304 references: 7 Soviet-bloc and 2 non-Soviet-bloc (including one translation). The reference to English-language publications reads as follows; K. Compaan, Y. Haven, Trans. Faraday Soc., 52, 786, 1956. ASSOCIATION: Instytut metalokeramiky i spetsiallnykh splaviv AN USSR (Institute of Powder Metallurgy and Special Alloys AS UkrSSR) SUBMITTED: April 28, 1961 Card 4/4 21359 S/02 YD 61/000/011/007/011 D299 306 AUTHORS: Frantsevych, 1. M., Academician AS UkrRSR_, and I.-Kovenslkyy, I.I.. TITLE: On the transport of carbon in titanium, tantalum and tungsten PERIODICAL: Akademiya nauk UkrRSR. Dopovidi, no. 11, 1961, 1471-1474 TEXT: Blectrotransport of carbon in titanium, tantalum and tLuig- sten is investigated (with a carbon content of approximately 0.1 weight %). The radiactive isotope C 14 wa,'s used. In order to in- crease the accuracy of calculations, the diffusion coefficient of carbon was determined from the same specimens as were used for atu- lying the electrotransport. The specimens were appr. 70 mm long and had a diameter of appr. 0.6 mm. The middle part of the specimens 14 was labelled with C . The specimens were heated by a direct cur- rent; thereupon, the distribution of the radioactiirity was measured Card 'A 213 9 ~t 011/007/011 S/021/61,000/ On the transport of ... D299/D306 at intervals of 0.1 mm. As a result, the carbon dic;tributioi,, in re- lalive uni-11"s was obtained. From the concentration r~urve, the dif- fuslon 00'-~ficient of carbon was calculated, atid fy,om the dispLice- ment of the radioacti.ve zone - the rate of electrotransport of the -.arbon at. the various temperatures of the experiment: )50 - 10'500C 4-n ti'uinium, 600 - 2600oC in tanta2um, 1800 - "HOOOC iii tungston. A table lists the obtained diffusion coefficients aad the corl-02-- pond-Ing activation energies. The experimental results were -ased for determin-'Lng the effective charges Z,*; thereupon, th-e riethod of least squares was used for calculating the paraiaet,~rs of equat--L",,.-)n Z* z + a T 10 (3) 2 Ax + BxZ*, - Cx Z* f z 0 (4) Z/4 21359 S/021/61/000/011/007/011 On the transport of ... D299/D306 0(,is the temperature coefficient of the alloy, P is the electrical conductivity, the parameters A, B and C characterize the scatter- ing of electrons and holes by migrating ions, and the temperature dependence of P. It was established that the effective charges of carbon in titanium and tungsten follow a temperature dependence expressed by Eq. (4), whereas the effective charge for tantalum- carbon satisfies a linear equatiok. For the first 2 alloys, the parameter A in Eq,.(4) can be neglected. For all 3 alloys, the electrotransport took place towards the cathode. The magnitude of '~-he effective charges exceeded in all cases z. A table shows that the carbon charge decreases in the order: Ti-C, W-C. An explana- tion of this decrease in charge is attempted in terms of the eher- gy of the d-sublevels. There are 2 tables and 9 references: 5 So- viet-bloc and 4 non-Soviet-bloo. The reference to the English- language publication reads as follows: K. Compaan, Y. Haven, Trans. Faraday Soo., 52, 786, 1956. ASSOCIATION: Instytut metalokeramiky i spetsiallnykh splaviv AN USSR (Institute of Powder Metallurgy and Special Card 3/4 21359 S/021/61/000/011/007/011 On the transport of ... D299/D306 Alloys AS UkrRSR) SUBMITTED: May 24, 1961 Y Card 4/4 20106 ID LI 1 114 18' S/161/61/003/002/004/050 19.1ro B102/B204 AUTHOR- Kovenskiy, 1. 1. TITL-Ez Diffusion of tungsten in an alloy on cobalt basis PERIODICALt Fizika tverdogo tela, v. 3v no. 2, 1961, 350-353 TEM The diffusion of tungsten in Co-W alloys was theoretically and ex- perimentally investigated. First, a cylinder of infinite length (radius R) is studied, on which at the time t-0 a 21 long and AR thick layer of the material is located, whose diffusion is investigated, The concentra- tion of this material is taken to be C 0 at every point of the layer. The diffusion equation then reads 1 ac a2C 1 ac + a 2C 'he initial- and D aT - ar2 r ar 3,2 boundary conditionst C = C 0 with IzI 41, R4rj~_R+AR with 0 C = 0 for all other z and r 8C/'3r Ir-R+AR = 0 Card 1/5 20106 S/181/61/003 ';"N2/004/050 Diffusion of tungsten in an,.. B102/B204 The solution of the diffusion equation is of the form C F(r~t)Q'(Z~t)' where Q'(Z't) - CO[erf z+1 - erf z-1 J- 00 rfe 1- 1 erfe Z+l (2). -2- -27577 -2 77 2 Is -2Y-rt - -2M] The concentration distribution along the specimen is given by Cf 0 Z-1 Z+l 1/2 = C,B/2 and B is a con- Q(Z,t) - 7 [erfe WD"t erf c. -2-,T"t], where 00 stant, the total quantity of diffusing substance in the specimen. As in Z+l C practice mostly -27rt )2, 0 erfe 2 If we study the dis- 2 27DIr continuous case that firstly, during the time t,, diffusion occurs at the temperature T , then at T , during zhen Q,(z,t,) - Lo erfe z - T N' 1 2Q1 2 "2' 2 2YD It 1+D2 i.e. -L holds. The investigations were carried out on 60 mm D2 ~-t 2 long pieces of wire (diameter 0.62 mm) of the following composition (expressed in % by weight)8 98.66 co, 0.82 W, O~-14 Ni, 0,04 0, 0.03 C, Card 2/5 20106 S/ial/61/003/002/004/050 Diffusion of tungsten in an... B102/B204 0.01 Cu, 0.02 Si, and 0-14 Fe. The tungstenized zone was about 3 mm, long. The various specimens were heated to various temperatures (T1), and after the end of heating and diffusion, the distribution of the diffused substance along the wire was measured by means of a method described in a previous paper by the author (Ref.1a I. N. Frantsevich, D~ F. Kalinovich, 1. 1. Kovenskiy, V. V. Penlkovskiy. DAN, 121, 277, 1958). This distribu- tion was equal to the measured activity distribution of the W185 isotope. The specimens were then again heated to temperatures (T 2)' which differed from T I'. Hereafter, the activity distribution was again measured. Hereby, for each specimen, two curves (T1,T 2;tl,t2) were obtained; such a curve is shown in Fig.l. From these curves the diffusion coefficients were V~ calculated by means of the initially given equations. For the various temperatures the following mean diffusion coefficients were obtaineat Card 3/5 20106 S/181/61/003/002/004/050 Diffusion of tungsten in an... B102/B204 0 10 2 Temperature C D-10 . om /sec 1100 0.39 1150 1~05 1200 2.08 1250 4A6 1300 9.51 1350 18.6 2/ These data obey the following equationt D 2.88 exp(-68000/RT) cm /sec. The D-values claculat-ed spread by not more than 8%. In order to obtain more exa--t values, it is necessary to operate with larger diffusion shifts, I.e. the holding times ti, t2 must be increased, There are 2 figures, 2 tables, and 4 Soviet-bloc references, ASSOCIATION: Institut metallokeramiki I spetsaplavov AN USSR Kiyev (Ins-titu-,,P, of Metal Ceramics and Special Alloys AS UkrSSR, Kiyev) SUBMITTEDi April 1, 1960 (initially) and July 25, 1960 (after revision) Card 4/5 Diffusion of tungsten in an... Joe - zoo too -~Vlpf Of, Pmc. 1. Fig. I 20106 S/181/61/0~3/002/004/050 B102/B204 Card 5/5 S/18 61/003/010/034/036 B I 25XB 102 AUTHOR: Kovenski TITLE: Degree of silver ionization in a siiver-palladium alloy PERIODICAL: Fizika tverdogo tela, V. 3,, no. 110, !961~ 3239 - 3241 TEXT: The author used radioactive Ag 110 to examine the electrical migration of silver in an Ag-Pd alloy with 30~o' by weight of palladium. According to H. E. Schmidt (Z. f. Mettalikunde, 4 , 113~ 1958), alloys of this kind having a palladium content up to 44 V O~b possess only electron conductivity. The method of examining the electrical migration discussed here had been described earlier (D. F. Kalinovich, I. I. Kovenskiy, M. D. Smolin, I. N. Frgntsevich (FIV, 10-- 42, 1960)). Six measurements made from 850 to 1100 C yielded the quantities in the relation + n Z' is a certain effective charge which 2, - Z - nidill 2a212 (1)' takes account of the effect of conduction electrons and conduction holes; if this effect does not exist. the effective charge equals z; n 1 is the conduction electron density; 6 1 is the scattering cross section of Card 1/ 3 S/18 61/003/010/034/036 Degree of silver ionization... B125XB102 electrons from the migrating ions; 11 is the electron mean free path, The subscript 2 refers to holes. Z* was determined from the Einstein relation and taking K. Campaants and Y. Haven's (Trans. Faraday Soc., 52, 786, 1956) factor into account. z = +0-85 � 0.26 was found by the method of least squares. The mean value CT, . 3-10 -16 cm2follows from the six equations (1). The attached table presents the mean values found by the author for migration rates, electrical conductivity, and electric charges. No experiments were made on the electrical migration of palladium. z = -0.3 was found for palladium in the alloy examined. The effective silver-ion charges were found to be by one order of magnitude lower than in pure silver. This may be exDlained by the increased resistivity and verifies the assumption that the role of the electron action is reduced with increasing resistance. I. N. Frantsevich, Academician of the AS UkrSSR, is thanked for a discussion, There are 1 table and 8 references: 6 Soviet and 2 non-Soviet. The reference to the English-language publication reads as follows: K. COMIDaan, Y. Haven. Trans,, Faraday Soc., 52, 786, 1956. Card 2/ 3 S/181/61/003/010/034/036 Degree.- of silver ionization... B125/B102 ASSOCIATION: Institut metallokeramiki i spetsiallnykh splavov AU1 USSR Kiyev (Institute of Powder Metallurgy and Special Alloys of the AS TJkrSSR Kiyev) SUBIM'ITTED: Iday 9p 1961 (initially) June 23, 1961 (after revision) legend C; (2) -1 to the Table: (1) temperature, electrical conductivity, -1 I TounspeTyps, 0C YA*AhM&?1A*.1P6-j j1poto .0P*2PA2x?P0-1 %WPORTKY -c ohm silver m ; (3) migration rate of ions, cm/sec; (4).eff6otive 850 .31000 2.3-10-8 -2.9 charge. 90D 950 IODD 28M 27000 2499D 5.4 - 1" 1,2. J(P-7 2.4. iCr,7 -2.6 -2.4 -22 10so 231so 4.4 - io 7 -2.0 1100 22260 9.2. 1D-7 -1.8 Card S/~- 631,/61/003/011/019/056 BI -f; I/E 104 AUTHORSi Kalinovich, D. F., Kovenakiy, 1. 1., and Smolin, M. D. TITLEt A contribution to the problem of determining partial velocities of electrical transfer with tagged atoms PERIODICAL% Fizika tverdogo tela, v. 3, no. 11, 1961, 3367-3370 TEM To determine the velocity of motion of a tagged ion during electrical transfer it is necessary to have a coordinate system firmly connected with a fixed point. The origin of coordinates can be put at one end of the sample or at a mark which is located in a nonhealed area (the mark can be obtained by the impression of a microhardness teat). When investigating the electrical transfer of each alloy component, it is possible to tag the components to be studied either along the whole sample or only along a narrow part in the oenter of the heated zone with a radioisotope. In the first case, a new distribution of the concentration of the component in question is observed, while in the other case the motion of atoms of this component during electrical.transfer is observe-11 directly. Under such Card 1/4 S/151/61/003/011/019/056 A contribution to the problem of ... B'25/B104 conditions, the temperature distribution curva will pass through two symmetrical points in regions with a stron6 de,-,rease along the sample. In these points, the mobility of atoms is practically zero. The following two cases were investigatedt (1) If migration of atcms of all components in one direction is observed, ions of all components willarrive at the boundary surface of the mass flux which is located in the direction of transfer. New lattice planes are formed. Simiiltaneously, atomic planes are removed at the boundary of the heated zone located on the opposite side. Therefore, all atomic planes located in the heated region are shifted opposite to the direction of transfer by the wilth of the built-up or removed zone. The equation of displacemezit i~: gi by U-1j, u, (1) i where Ax/t viyi(2). U denotes the total transfer number; u,, v,, and J/j denote partial transfer numbers, velocity, and molar share of the i-th component; Ax denotes the width of the built-up (remo-ved) zone; t denotes the duration of test. Ax/t may be regardud as the total transfer velocity. The shift measured during electrical transfer for a tagged Card 2/4 I i/ ! i, 1,/61/003/011/019/056 A contribution to the problem of atom in the heated zone is equal to the sum of _114~fto due to partial and total transfers v W (3), where v* denotef-~ the velocity determined V + i i I experimentally from the shift of the tagged atom In the case studied, a transfer of matter will always take place. (2) Atoms of the components vill migrate in both directions. In both regions limiting the flux, atoms of one type are supplied and atoms of the other type are removed. Under these conditions, Eqs. (1) and (2) will also describe the total mass transfer in general, When determining partial vc-locities of electrical transfer with tagge atoms, the motion of these atoms has to be considered. The method of tagged atoms shows various advantages over the method of V/ fixed marks. Especially, a chemical analysis of plate and cathode space of the sample is not required. All conclusions In this paper are only valid if the geometrical shape of samples does -.ot change during the tests. There are 3 non-Soviet references. The reference to the English-language publication reads as followat R. P. Johnson. Ph.-~i~ Rev., JA, 459, 1938. Card 3/4 3/11~,1/61/003/011/019/056 A contribution to the problem of ... B125/B104 ASSOCIATIONi Institut metallokeramiki i spetajallnykh splavov AN USSR Kiyev (Institute of Powder Metallurgy nnd Special Alloys AS UkrSSR, Kiyev) SUBMITTEDs June 5, 1961 Card 4/4 1145 15S5 18.15-00 22826 S/1 7 0161 /0 04 /Of) 5/01 2A 1 B1 11 /B21 4 AUTHORS: Kalinovich, D. F., KovQpQkiy, I. I., Smolin, It. D., Frantsevich, 1. 11. TITLE: The diffusi.-n of nich,~.l in a nickel xol-bdPnum a11,;%- In W'; electric field PERIODICAL: Inzlienerno,-fi--Ic,],esl:i.,,? -,Mirnal, v. 4, rjo~ 5, 1961, 106-110 TEXT: The electric fiell produces a directed displacement of the atomic shell in the crystal lattice of a pure metal and solid solutions. Two forces act on the ions: the electric field and a force depending on the momentiim transition between ions and the conduction electrons or h-,les. The electrotransportat ion of Ni ions in a solid solution of molybdenum in nickel is investigatgd in this paper (molybdenum content 9.24% by weight). The tracer was Ni 3 which was measured by a counter of the type T25-0A (T25-B!4 The temperature of the sample was measured by a pyrometer of the type xr-mmAn (KhGIMIP). The direction and rate of electrotran3portation could be determined from the displacement of the boundary of the radioactive zone. The diffusion was eliminated by relating the rate of electrotrans-nortation Card 1/3 22826 The diffusion S11 70/61 /00-1/005/01 ?/015 BI11/B214 to the arithmetic mean of the diapla,tement nf the boiindlarj of th~,' activ,, zone. The force acting on Fin ion mpty b(-,- writt-i -is F=Ee(Z -n 0) '~ n O'l.) 1 1 1 2 C - where E is the potentiall r- the elnc~tronie charge.; z tl:,- tbo in multiples of o; n 1 COnCeLtration of th,~ conduction ol!--otrc,na, 31.. +h~? scattering cross section of the oondutc-tion rilectr,.~rs )r, the migrating ion; and 11- the mean free path of the electrons on th--~ Fermi surface., The index 2 denotes hole conductivity. The quantit.,,, 7. - n10131+ 2 is the effective charge which is Fwqual to the true charge in the absence of the effect of electrons and holes. Applying Einst~ninls fcjrTiula one may write for the effective charge z*: z4 300 v~.qkTf/Oe (2), wher-~, v is the rate of electrotransportation; X, the electrical conductivity and area of the cross section of the samiple; f - 0-78 (for a face centered lattice); I the current strength; and D the diffusion -oeffi-,ient. The derivation of the diffusion coefficient has been gJven in IPZh, No. 8, 78, 1960. The value found is D = 2.68 exp 1-65600/RT). The 6xrerjmientO conditions, the rates of e3ectrotransportation, and the effective 'uh-arges Card 2/3 h826 S/17o/6i/004/005/0'12/015 The diffusion B111/B214 calculated according to (2.) ar~ collected in Table 1. All the experiments showed that nickel migrates to the anoide. There are-1 table and 10 refer- ' ence's: 6 Soviet-bloc and..4 non-Soviet-bl oo. The three most recent refer-, ences to English-language publicationeread as follows: 1) Compaan, K., Haven G.- Trans. Paraday Soo.' ' 52,'786, 1 Pr~c- of Symp. 956; 2) Viever. H.: No. 9 of Chem. , ~Ll , 21 1958. , ASSOCIATION: Institut metallokeramiki i spetsiallnykh splav*ov All USSR*g. Kiyev (Institute of Powder Metallurgy 'and Special Alloys AS UkrSSR, XIyev) SUBMITTED: SePtel~ber 30, 196o Legend to Table 1: I n 3WIM11MINA 3apflA epet--q;;,,-,-..A 3.p-A T . C Doemg 1 - Temperatur6 in' OC; 0 ,ac C CAP- . 2 - expprimental time 7 -8 25 in hours; 3 - ratelof 1150* ' , 200 1 10 2: 20,9 rtation ..1200. ele ctrotranspo 150 18,0 16 4 1250 in CM/sec; 4 effective 0D 100 , 1,5 0 7.36. 10"1 100 13 charge. Card 3/3 z-;/126/61/011/002/020/025 E02j./E435 AUTHORS: Kalinovich, D.F,,_Kovenskiy, I.I, and Smolin, M.D. TITLE- Diffusion and Electrotransfer of Chromium into 1,1r, I --I-, ri(~niiin I PERIODICAL. Fizika metallov i me-tallovedeniye, 1961, Vol.11, No.2, pp,307-309 TEXT: The electrotransfer of chromium into molybdenum in the solid state was Investigated, Pure molybdenum wire samples, 0.5 mm diameter and 60 mm length, were saturated with the stable isotope of chromium by diffusion to a chromium content of 9.92 wt.%. The central 3 mm of wire were covered with a thin film of radioactive Cr5l, The wire was then annealed in a protective atmosphere at 1400"C to give uniform distribution across the section, The distribution of cr5l along the length of the wire was then found by measuring the activity of portions 0.1 mm in widths A direct current was then passed through the wire wh:Lch was surrounded by argon, This heated the wire to a chosen temperature, measured by an optical pyrometer, Then the distribution of' Cr5l was again measured, The graph shows the Card 1/3 Diffusion and S/126/61/011/002/020/025 E021/E435 distribution before and after heating. Experiments were carried out at 1200, 1250, 1300 and 1350*C and in all cases migration of the chromium occurred towbirds the cathode, The amount of electrotransfer depended linearly on the length of the experiment and increased with increase in temperature. The rates were as follows~, Temperature, 'C Rate of' electro.- transfer (cm/se~,) 1200 1250 1,300 1350 1.5 x 10-8 8 2.6x 10 4.2 x 10-8 7.1 x 10- The coefficient of diffusion was found and it obeyed the follow�ng relationBh1p5 D z 4.3 exP (-72700/RT) CM2/sec. The rate of transfer was measured with an accuracy of + 5 to 8% and the coeffic ent of diffusion with There are 1 figure and 2 Soviet references, ASSOCIATION-~ Institut, metallokeramiki i spetsial"nykh splavov AN UkrSSR (Institute of Powder Metallurgy and Special Card 2/3 Alloys AS UkrSSR) Diffusion and ... s/i26/ft/on/002/020/025 B021/B435 SUBMITTE D: June 3, 1960 Figure. IAsplacement of the Radioactive zone during heating by a direct current to 1300*C for 150 h in the Djo-cr5lsystem, imp/min vs mm left of diagram anode; right of diagram cathode. UHnIMUH 400 A 3.00- KGMq Card 3/3 ANO AviocAe, 201 -27 26 29 j0 Vd 141 ipsillia pOATIOBYTHBHOR SOHN nPI1 Harpene o6- CliMMa MO-CrA'- CMeWlItle 1103U8 nOCTOFIIIIIIAM TOKOSI npit 1300* C n Teqejj)jc 150 qBCOS: t.Ao marpegia: 2-noeme marpess. FRANTSEVICH, I.N. [Frantsevych, I.M.], akademik; KOVENSKIY, I.I. [Kovens1kyi, I.I.] State of carbon irl titanium, tantalum, and tungsten. Dop. AN URSR no.11:1471-1471+ 161. (MIRA 16:7) 1. Institut metallokeramiki i spotsiallnykh splavov AN 1JkrSSR. 2. AN UkrSSR (for Frantsevich). (Alloys-Electric properties) (Carbon) (Ions-Migration and velocity) S/849/62/000/000/008/016 A006/A101 AUMORS: Frantsevich, I. N., Kalinovich, D. F., Kovenskiy) I. I., Smolin, M. D. - ------ TITLE: On the behavior of components of metallic solid solutions in an electric force field SOURCE; Vysokotemperaturnyye metallokeramicheskiye materialy. Inst. metallo- ker. i spets. spl. AN Ukr.SSR, KieV,'Izd-vo AN Ukr.SSR, 1962, 75 - 83 TIXT: The method of electric migration makes it possible to estimate di-. rectly the donor-acceptor interaction in metallic golid solutions. Previous I . _1~1 studies were directed on the electric migration of the alloying component, with- out investigating the behavior of the base metal atoms; in a constant electric~ field the possibility of a donor-acceptor ihteraction between the atoms of the components was not taken into account. In.the present article the authors stu-i died the mutual electric migration of both components of some binary alloys, such as Fe-C, Fe-Cr, Fe-W, Ni-W and Fe4o, using the method of radio-active(iso-~ Card 1/4 s/84q/6?_/ooo/ooo/ooB/o16 On the behavior of components of... A006/A101 - topes. The component under investigation was marked with the corresponding radioactive isotope and introduced into the contral section of wire specimens, 0.6 mm in diameter and 60 mm long. The distr I1bution of radioactivity over the -ti1r., electric heating. Activity.. specimen length was measured.prior~tq_a p4~~O graphs were plotted to determine thebrlenii~t'ion and dislocation of the radio-- active zone boundaries during the process of electric migration. It was found that carbon, chromium and tungsten migrated under the affect of the electric field towards the oathodo..- Molybdenum migratos toward the anode and is, contra- ry to C, Cr and W, an electron acceptor. The electric migration of Fe in binary solutions of C, Cr and W in iron was found to be directed toward the anode, but only a portion of Fe atoms, proportional to the amount of donor-atoms of the ad- mixture component, participated in the migration. On the basis of experimental data obtained, migration rates of the investigated components were calculated and tabulated (Table). The experimenta,*'ehaW'th&t a donor-aoceptor interaction exists between the components of the Fe-C, Fe-Cr and Fe-W systems. The donor or acceptor nature of admixture atoms is predetermined by the mutual position of energy levels of incomplete shell electrons of the admixture atom, and the Fermi level of the base electron spectrum. Theappearanoe in the lattice of admixture card z/4 S/849/64/000/000/008/016 On the behavior of components of... A006/A101 atoms with excess charge is connected with the deformation of-energy bands of conductivity near these atoms, and the formation of a charge of the opposite sign, screening the excess charge of the admixture. This screening charge is partially distributed in the conductivity band, and partially in the band cor- responding to the internal incomplete shell of the base atom. The temperature dependence of the electric migration effect is explained by the dispersiAg ef- fect upon the electrons of the conductivity zone of atoms, which are iii a state of thermal oscillation at the crystal lattice points, and also by changes in the degree of the donor-acceptor interaction. It can be assumed that the magnitude of the electric migration effect depends upon the correlation between the exter- nal electric field forces and the forces resulting-from the transfer by conduc- tivity electrons of oriented pulses to the ions. There are 4 figures and 1 table. Card 3/4 S/849/62/000/000/008/016 On the behavior of components of... AOO6/A1OI Table. Migration rates of metal alloy components'under the effect of an elec- tric field, in v-cm/see Alloy Imigrated Experimental temperature in ~nvestigated;~ element 850 900 950 1000 1050 1100 1150 1200 Fe - C C - - 8,06.10--4 11,67-10-6 14.44 -10-3 31,39. 10-6 39,14-10-1 - Fe- C Fe 3.41-10-6 2,51-10-6 1.39-10-6 0.57-10-0 0 - Fe- Cr Cr - 6.8 .10-1 9,4 -10--' 12.5 - 10-'. 18 8 .10-1 Cr Fe 3.00. 10-' 4,01 - 10-' 4,87. 10-' 6,26.10-' 5,35.10-'44. .10-7 2.18. 10-7 'i Fe- W w 4.72.10-16X.10-1 8,90-10-1 5.68-10-1 1,35-10 0 Fe - W Fe - 1,25. 10" 1,67. 10 Z44-W6 1,50-10-1- 0,32. 10-6' 0 Ni - W w 1,25-10 2.78. 10-' 3.89. 10-' 1,86-10-7 On.10-1 0 Fe- Mo Mo - 4.40-10 ~ 5.63-10-1 .7X.10-1 7,78-10-7 card V4 0 39765 - S/126/62/013/006/oi4/ol8 B193/r.-383' AUTHORS: Kalinovich, D.F.', Xgx and Smolin, M.Do TITLE: Electrotransport of tungsten in cobalt PERIODICAL: Fizika metallov i metallovedeniye, v-13, no. 6, a962, ~930 - 931 TEXT: The mobility of metal ions in a metal in a constant electrical field depends both on the diffusion mobility and on the characteristics of interaction between the ions,on.the one hand, and the electrons and holes,on the other. Useful information on the mechanism of the diffusion and electrical conduction' can therefore be obtained from studies of mobility of ions-and the object of the present investigation was to study the electrotransport of-tungsten in a cobalt alloy containing 99.48% Co, 0.240,6 Ni, 0.03% C, o.o4% o, o.olo, c, 0.0250' Si and 0.149'0 Fe. Tungsten was introduced into the experi- mental specimens (60 mm long, R.62 mm in diameter) by diffusion- annealing (150 hours at 1 200 C) in tungsten powder, dry argon being"used as the protective atmosphere. This treatmeat was followed by homogenizing annealing (80 hours at 1 350 C), Card 1/0 S/126/62/013/006/ol4/oi8 Electrotransport .... E193/E.383 after which the tungsten content of the alloy was '0.82 wt.9'.. After electrodepositing a thin layer of the radioactive isotope jj185 around the circumference in the middle of a specimen, it was sealed in an argon-filled tube and connected to 6 DC source, the electric current serving both to heat the specimen to the required temperature (in the 1 100 - 1 350 0Crange)'and to set up an electrical field, each test lasting 150 hours. The sign and extent of electrotransport was determined from the distribution of radioactivity along the specimen before and after each test. Typical results a3Ce reproduced in Fig. 1, where the radioactivity (pulses per minute) is plotted against the distance (mm) from the anode end of the specimeb.,. the circles and crosses relating, respectively# to results obtained before and-after the test which consisted of 120 hours at 1 200 0C., The absolute values of the rate of olectrotransport of tungsten in cobalt, calculated from the experimental results, increased from 2.84 x 10-9 at 1 100 OC 'to 1.36 x 10-7 em I/see at 135 OC Card 2/4 S/l26/62/Ol3/Oo6/oi4/ol8 Electrotransport .... E193/E383 The effective charge of the'tungsten ;Ions,-calculated from the known Einstein relationship, was found to be of the order of tons of electron units, which indicated the predominant part played by the hole "wind" in determining the sign of the electrotransport-in the case under considpration. There is 1 figure. ASSOCIATION: Institut metallokeramiki i spetsiallnykh splavoy AN Ul~tPSR (Institute of-Powder Metallurgy and Spebial Alloys of the.AS UkrSSR) SUBMITTED: February 12, 196-2 Card 3/4