SCIENTIFIC ABSTRACT KAKDRIN, I.S. - KAKOVSKIY, I.A.

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: Scientific Abstracts
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP86-00513R000620010003-9
• Release Decision: RIF
• Original Classification: S
• Document Page Count: 100
• Document Creation Date: November 2, 2016
• Document Release Date: April 3, 2001
• Sequence Number: 3
• Publication Date: December 31, 1967
• Content Type: SCIENTIFIC ABSTRACT

PROVO. A.A., -kand. biolog. nauk; -STOLYAROV, K.D..; E"AMURIN, I.S.
Let's establish large turkey farms in the Northern Caucasus.
"Ptitnevodetvo 9 no.6:36-38 Je 159. (MIRA 12::10)
LTSentralInyy nauchto-isaledovatel'skly inatitut ptits,-
porerabstyvayushchey promyshleawati (for Prevo). 2.Direktor
Krannodarokogo tresta ovoshchnykh i ptitimeyodchaskikh sovkhozov
(for Stolyarov)- Mtarshly xootekhnik Krasnodarskogo tresta
ovoshchnykh i ptitsayodaheakikh sovkhosov (for Kakoriz).
(Caucasus, Northern-Turkeys)

X&KORIRL,,,A'#- X#
32777o Ukhod m filato-vokin stablea. Nod. Sestra, 1949, if*. 100 s. 9-12
SO: Letopl#O Zhumllsykh Statey,, Vol. 44, Xoskva, 2949

MaMN, V.; BUDAIMEV, A., nalarIchl1r; SI.NEL114IKCFV,, V.; ~KAUSTOV, V.;
KAKCRINA.-Ne's SIM, A.;'SOKOLISKIY, A.; LOBCYV., V.;
N. SFMNOV, A.; AMMOV, B.
Tribune of the OCammist Youth League Searchlight#
movement. Tekh.mol. 30 no.9120l,1415P16 162* (MIRA 15;9)
1, Sekretarl Tulvakogo oblastnogo komiteta Vsesoy=ogo
Leninmk6go kommnintlobeekogo solyuZa. molodeahi (for Malinin),
2., Mekhtudcheakiy taekh Tull skogo oruzheynogo zavod.a (for-
-Qudanteev). 3-' Sekretarl kharikovikogo oblastnogo komitets
Leninakdgo kammnisticheakogo soyuza molodezhi Ukrainy (for
Sinallnikov). 4. 89kretarl komitets. kontunisticheskogo, soyuza
molodezhi. Kbzxliov~k6 o traktornogo mavoda. (for Khaustov).
9
5, Sborochnyy tzekh zavoda. priborov imeni Yu.Gagarina. g. Orel
(for Hakorina)o 6, KZTZ (for Silin). 7. Zameatitelt
sekretarya, komoamollakoy organizataii Rostovskogo zavoda.
sellskokho"Oystvemnogo mashinostroyeniya (for Lobar). So
Sekretarl komiteta Kommmisticheakogo soyuza molodezhi shokhty
No.1 tresta "Tkyarchaliugolim (for Kortadze). 9. Seh-etarl
komiteta. Kommunisticheskogo ooyuza molodeohi sela. Kalinovki (for
Semenov). 10. 3-iy mekhanicheakiy tsekh Gorikovskogo za~odi
frezeruykh stantev (for Adamov)o
(Communist Youth League) (Efficiency, Industrial)

14F.-
-. ICAKOSIMID-1,
I
Calculating plastic deformations of the aubgrade in deig '1pIng
foundation stripo, Oane, fund*i meoh.g'run. 3' no,2:111-20 161.
(MM U.-5)
(Foundations)

-JAI!1~124JDI) N.F. (OdeBea)
Dotermining the reactive pressure under a circular plate on a
solid creeping foundation bad. Oan,,p fund, i mekh. grun. 7
no.5*.9-12 165. (MTRA 18:10)
. .1 -

343%
a 0 S/207/62/000/001/015/018
/A 1121 /112 B100108
.2 V t/ 0200
AUTHORS: Prokopovich, I. Ye. (Odessa)
TITLE: Solution of the contact problem in creep theory with linear
stress-Btrain dependence
PERIODICALt Zhurnal prikladnoy mekhaniki i tekhnicheskoy fiziki, no. 1,
1962, 102 - 108
TEXT: The plane contact problem in the theory of creep with linear
stress-strain dependence has been solved by I. Y6. Prokopovich (PMM, 1956,
v. 20, no. 6). In the present work the solution is extended to the
3-dimensional problem. Formulae are derived which take creep and ageinL7.
into account by, means of functions which are introduced into the solution
of the elastic problem. These functions are not dependent an the geometry
of the contact surfaces. In solving the problem it is presumed that the
coefficient of lateral dilatation U*~t*v) in creep deformation is equal
to that coefficient U(t) in elastic deformation, not depending on time.
Linear atress-strain dependence under such conditions means -that the
elastic stresses produced by surface forces are equal to the elastic
Card 1/2

S/207/62/000/001/015/018
Solution of the contact problem... B104/B108
stresses whiah were calculated taking creep into accounto Experimental and
theoretical Anv~stigations show that the assumption - 0 (t) - 0 =
oonst leads in the determination of the stresses, e. g., in concrete
construotio'n to errors of not over 5~, which is within the tolerance of
engineering. For ordinary concrete L) - 1/6, O< v*.*016. Mention is made
of I. Ya Shtayerman (Kontaktnaya zadacha teorii uprugosti. Gostekhizdat,
M.-L., 1949)- The authors thank M. G. Kreyn for his advice. There are 4
figures and 8 references: 7 Soviet and 1 non-Soviet. The reference to the
English-language publication reads as follows s Lee E. H., Radok J. R. M.
Stress analysis in linearly visco-elastic materials. Actee. IX Congr.
internat. mecan. appl. T- 5. Bruxelles, Univ. Bruxelles, 1957-
SUBMITTED; April 242 1961
Card 2/2

KAKOSTIKOVI Ply., (Leningrad, P-22, ul. L.Tolatogo, d.17. komn.141)
oksandr Aleksandrovich Kadlian; 40th anniversary of his death.
Vest.khir. 80 no.5:132-137 My 158 (MIRA 11.7)
1. Iz goopitallnoy khirurgicheskoy kliniki (zav. - prof. F.G. Uglov)
1-go Laningradskogo mediteinskogo instituta in. I.P. Pavloval.
(KAD I IM, AINKSANDR fiUMNMOVIO, 1849-1917)

11HRIMMI'VC
Ila -
DOEROVITS, Aladar; KAKOSY# Inoz1o
Can Wbials historical monmenta be preserved? Elet tud 16 no*15:464-
467 9 AP 161.

................... W=l I NIP INVINII
SCHEIBER, Eszter; KMOSYg Tibor; GLAZp Ervin
Effect of antigungoid drugs on the yeast cons in the intestines 6f
mice. Biol orv kotl NTA 3.1 no.4:4??-483 960. ~(4w 10t$)
1. Budapesti Orvostudonaryi Egyetex Cayogyszertani Intezete.
(IMMSTINES)
(FUNOIX)
(ANTIBIOTICS)

SCHEIBER, Esther; KAKOSY T.- GIAZ, E*T.
Effect of antiftngal agents on the faecal yeast 1-.'Iora of mice.
Leta microb. hung. 8 no.W73--~1179 161.
1. Pharmacological Institute University Medical School, Budapest.
(YWTS pharmac(>1087~ (FUNGIGIMS pbarmacology)
(FECES microbiology)

KAKOVANU, A.
I-roduction councils as an Important factor In the organization of enterprises, pe 662o
(Tebnika, Vol. 12, no. 4, 1957. Beograd, Yugo3lavia)
SO: Monthly List of East European Accessions. (EEAL) LC. Vol. 6, No. 7,
July 1957. Uncl.

KAKOTKB, A. A.
"Certain Characteristics of Tomato Fruit Bearing Under the Cbnditions Which Exist- in
V
the 1,ow Land Area of Dagestan." Cand A Sci,, Moscow Order of L4-zin Agricultural Inst
imeni K. A. Timiryazev, Moscow,, 195,4- FYL," No 1, Jan 55)
Survey of Scientific and Technical Dissertations Defended ILt USSR Higher Educational
Institutions (13)
SO: Sum. No. 593, 29 Jul 55

X NR. AM30629
j
INVENTOR: Kakovina, V. G.; Corbachevzj, V. V.; Levina, V. K.
ORG: none
TITLE: A method of removing scale from the surface of titanium or its alloys.
Class 48, No. 185163 announced by the Progress Plant (Zavod "Progress"M
'- - --- -4
SOURCE.: Izobreteni4, promyshlennyye obraztsy, tovarnyye znaki, no. 16, 1966, 125
TOPIC TAGS: titanium, titanium allay, titanium electrochemical pickling, titanium
alloy electrochemical pickling
ABSTRACT- This A th r Certificate introduces a method for removing scale from the
surface of titanium r its alloys by electrolytic pickling :in acid solutions con-
ta0ing s-odium fluoride. To improve the surface quality, pickling is done In an
electrolyte containing (g/1) 400-500 orthophosphoric acid, 30-40 nitric acid,
40,-60 sodium fluoride or 180-200 sulphuric acid, 45-50 sodium fluoride, with an
initial anodic current density of 1.0-5 a/dm2, at a temperature of 40-50C for
reloving scale which was formed below 700C, or at 70-80C for removing scale which i_
waR) formed above 700C. [WW)
SUj CODE: ll/ SUBM DATE: OlMar65/ ATD PRESS: 5075
UDC: 621.357.8.:669.295

MARCHENKO, N.A,; WOVKINA, V.G.; LIPKO, S.K.
..... - -
Removal of chromium coatings from aluminium, parts. Izv,v78,
ucheb.zav; khim.i khim.tekh. 4 no.5:871-872 161. (MIRA 14:11)
1. Yharlkcvskiy politekhnicheakiy institut imeni-M. Leninap
kafedra tekhnologii elektrokhimi6heskikh proizvodetv.
(Aluminum alloys) (Chromium--Plating)

34973
3/08 016 2/03 5/002/013/02 2
D244/D302
AUTHORSi Marchenko, N. A., Kakovkina, V. G, and Linko., S. K.
TITLE: Anodizing of aluminum alloys as a method of prepara-
tion before electro-plating
PERIODICAL: Zhurnal prikladnoy khimii, v. 35, no. 2, 1962, 338-341
TEXT: The authors present results of an investigation into the
anodic behavior of complex shaped aluminum castings AJIZ(AL2)9
AJt9(AL9),,AA1f (AL4) and large machine component mouldings MY
(AL5) and A040B (AMOV) in standard chromium-plating electrolytes.
After the anodizing treatment, the chrome-plating takes plaoe to a
thickness of 100 - 150 /a to increase the wear-resistance. Alloy
AL10V was studied in greater detail. Its structure is characterized
by the presence of cuprous components (CuAl 2) and silicon in the
general background of solid solution. The kinetics of formation of
an oxide film were investigated by weighing the specimens. In the
case of alloy AL10V a lo -Of =w~ih iaq observed and was explained
Card 1/3

S/080/62/035/002/013/022
Anodizing of aluminum D244/D302
by the solution of impurities contained in the specimen surface.
At the same time the oxide film thickens as could be seen from the
increase in the bath-voltage. The anodizing treatment is preceded
by digestion in an alkaline solution followed by electro-polishing
in the micture of acids (HNO3 + HF). During the digestion, silicon
present on the surface dissolves with the formation of 8ilicic
acid. During the electro-polishing cuprous compounds dissolve and
silicon shows almost no change. After the anodic polarization the
cuprous components (CuAl ) are completely removed. To reve"al the
active parts of the surf3ce short processes of chrome- and copper-
plating were conducted. In the first stage of the process chromium
deposit formed in the pores and places from whichimpurities were
removed during the alkaline digestion. When the chromium-plating
was carried out on the surfaces not previously anodized then a
chromium film was deposited over all the surface. Analogous results
were obtained for copper-plating. Good adhesion of the chromium
film was obtained for the anodizing treatment with current density
of 10 - 15) A/dm2 and process duration of 1 - 3 minutes. Good adhe-
Card 2/3

L vy--7
ACC MR: AH6014367 SCIOWICE CODEt UR/0137/65/000/011/030/G030
AUTHORSt Kuznotsoy. V. K.; Mullnikova L.
G.; llanova L,
TITLE: Electrolytic deposition. of zinc-nickel alloy
t
SOURCEi Ref. zh. MAetallurgiya, Abs. 11G217
RLF SOURCE: Sb. Zashchita met. ot korrozii. Kuybyshev, 1965, 47-52
TOPIC T.NGS: zinc containing alloy, nickel containing alloy, electrolytic depooi-
tion
/
e
A
ABSTRACT: To obtain clear, bright denositions~ of Zn-Ni alloy with an Ni content
of uD to Z' the following electrolyte compositipn is recommended (in g/liter):
Zn 32--42, Ni 0.75-0.19 ~) NaGN 84-94~ Na0H temperature of electrolyte
18-25C; D = 2-3 amp/dm . Data on corrosiontoxperimonts have showm that the cor-,
rosion stability of Zn-Ni alloy ii -not lower and, in a number of cases, is higher
than the Corrosion stability of Zn, G. Svodt3eva fTranslation of abstrao-t7
SUB CODE: 3.1
Card 1/1 -t
UDG: 669.5114.018.9

V
AID F -- 2287
Subject USSR/Chemistry
Card 1/1 Pub. 3.52 - 13/21
Authors s Kuznetsov, S. 1., 0. V. Serebrennikova, and
X. V.Z "kovskaya
Title Interaction of bauxite and kaolin with calcium hydroxide
Periodicalt Zhur. prikl. khim.., 2d, no-3, 317-319, 1955
Abstract Preliminary calcination of bauxite e:nd kaolin increases
the yield of alumina. However, calcination and use
of large quantities of Ca make.the coat rohi-
bitive for industrial use'.0114ve references d Russian:
1936)
Institution: Ural Polytechnic Institute (im. S. M. Kirov)
Submitted -.,0 12, 1953

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KakovsUy, A 0Z* ItOn the histor7 of the pharmacopeiO , Vracheb. delo, 1948,
No. 1.2, paragraphs :L109-10.
SO: U-31)42, 11 March 1953., (letopia 'hykh Statey, No. 10, 1949).

RULME"Uan
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v I ~ r-,1YK0V-)W I ~ I/ - -/~
22006 YJKOVSXIY-; A. F. Starinnyye riaz-,raniya lekarstv. Ilrache-b. delo, 1049, No.
7p stb. 641-42-
SO: Letopisl Zliumaltnykb Statey, No. 29.. Moskva, 1949.

MMISM, R.S.; KRUM)ANOV, L.-fe.; ILA~~~
Palthomorphological changes In the organs of horses used to
produce antiaholers, serum which have positive reactions to
brucellosts. Isy.Irk.gon.nanch.*Issl.protivoebus.inst. 14Z
154-164 157. (RU 13:7)
(RCMSMS) (sum) (MCALLOSIS)

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ustirs the intakit cauad by ZuS, oftWlic Fe. navial
oxicks, well cubman W (Jet cmintitional tAtu. of Cu.414
witti aq acilus ( A r g I fly the ik-tn. of Cu and SO.. The
a ukk IOU toMl ad. 1hocmts. il.1
mulium dirthyi dilthiniAwhate, flic uliat. Is r%td. with
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tile Ms. layer, Zis frout tile lul. layvr. Iltil. ,I (Mill,
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DJWSKYs 1. A,
Physico-ohemical constants c, haract eri sing the formation and composition of the
lowest cuproun cyanide complex. M.G. Vladimirova and I.A. (j.V21: Cham.
USSR, 1950, 231 580-598) The elucidation of the composition and the conditions
of formation of cyanide complexes at eoncn.similar -to those used in the cyanide
treatment of the ores of noble metals is attempted. The ineasurements have there-
fore been made at conen.of 10-'- 101 g.-ion per L,i.e. much lover than in exper-
iments described hitherto in the literature. The standard free-energy changeshave
been calculated for the following reactions:(i) Cu~(CN) - CvCN,(ii) Cu0N (CH)..'=
(III) Cu4~CN)~, (GN) -- Cu(GN)11 , ~iv) Cu(CN~i*(CN) 0 Gu(CN311 W val. at 250 for
these reactioris are -26609,-5769, -2301, and -6 g.-cal.per g.-mol. The eouiji~-
rium. constmt for the reaction:CuOU HCN - CUP111+ 11 has be0n determined 1jy tai
measuring the conen. of H bydirect titralion, (b) prOlzindry titration with
Introduction of a known quantity of HC1 or H2'304 (a) potentiometric measurements
All-methods giveessentially the same value for
K298 = (H)(Cu(rNL)2 fg/(HCN) = 1.22 x 10-5. The-identical results obtained in (a),
(b) and (c) provide proof that CU(CN)2 is the only complea present in analytically
measurable qtumtities. By dissolution of CuGN or CuCNS in HCN at conen. UP t6 3g.-
mol. per L,no other complex ions are formed except Cu(CN)21 For the reaction:
CUCNS 2HCN = CU(CN)2 CNS 2Hy -K298,- 1,31 X10-9- So by the interaction between
the weak acid HCN and sparingly sol. GvDN or CuGNS a strong acid H(,u(CN)2 is
formed. The conductivity measurt-ments forHCN and HCu(CN)2 are also reported. The
value of 389 for the equiv. conductance of HCu(C"02 at infinite dilution is
close to that for HG1. Hence the mobility(l) of the CU(CN)2 =' 39,2 and its
transterence no, T,= 0-10. The dissociation const. Of Cu(CM)21 was determined
"Card 1 of 211

by potentlometric measurements with (1) a Cu electrode (1.8 x 10- 24)
an analgam electrode containing 0.373% of Cu (1.16 x 10- 24 ); (iii) as
with 0.138% or Cu(2.4 x.10- 24). The mean value of 1.9 x .10-1)1+ is in agree-
ment with that calculated thermodynamically from the reaction between CUCNS
and HON. The order of the solubility product of CuCNS hits been determined by
potentiometric measurements to be 10-15. and has been calculated from the above
dissociation constant to be 4.8 x 10-15 Similarly the 92~ubility product of
CuCN has been calculated to be Lp w (Cul (cu) . M x 10- . Finally from the
known dissoc-;' ation constants the free energy of formation of Cu~qNT from Cu
and 2CN has been calculated to be 58399 9. -cal.per g.-mol. at 298 k.
J. B. J. Zaba
"Card 2 of 211

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the filtiatioft of the ppt.). Filt-, and
Mix uith 341 g 01 zEsay It.-id, mazxl. trA iv,!Lgh, Tho
method givin nwm-, accuram, rerilt5 than pptr.. by
;irlc- dtvst Ln Llie analyds of d:!I~ aLcq %wmik ~vanide
cl M

p. K.T

It
IND, v IRA

- -----------

V S-
USSR/Physical Chm-nistry - Surface Phenomena. Adsorption. Chrctnatography. Ion
Exchange, B-13
Abst Journal: Referat Zhur - Kh1miya, No 1, 1957., 581
Author.- Kakovskiy, 1. A.
L3stitution; Mining Institute of the Academy of SciencesUSSR
Title: Investigation of the Physicochemical Properties of Some Organic Flota-
tion Reagents and Their Salts with the Ions of Heavy Nonferrous Metals
Original
Periodical: Tr. In-ta gorn. dela AN SSSR, 1956, Vol 3) 255-289
Abstract: A discussion is given of sme of the physicochemical and thermo-
d3mamic properties of sulfur-containing flotation reagents and of
the;x Balts which are.of importance in the flotation process. A
conaiderable part of the material presented in the article has been
published earlier (Dissertation, Sverdlovskf 1949; Symposium on the
Action of Gases and Reagents in the Flotation Process, Izd.-vo AN
SSSR, 1950, page 113; Transactions of the Second Session on Industrial
Chemistry of the "Mekhanobr" Institute, Metallurgizdat., 1952, page
293).
Card 1/1

SOV/ 137-57-11-20800
An Intensive Stirring Reactor to Produce Dry Xanthates
industrial R for - 500 kg of finished product to obtain a more precise de-
sign for a large equipment and to shed light upon a number of economic
in dic es.
M. L.
Card 2/2

UKOYSLIT, I..At,
--- -
.Speed of flotation* TOvet.mt.29 no.12:7-20 D 156. (K6M 10: 2)
1. Urallskiy politekhnichookly in6titut.
(Flotation)

137-58-6-11322
Translation frorn; Referativnyy zhurnal, Metallurgiya, 1958, Nr 6, p 9 (USSR)
AUTHORS: Kakovskiy, I.A., Nagirnyak, F,I., Vershinin, Ye.A.
TITLE: A Comparative Technological Evaluation of the Collecting Prop-
erties of Dithiaphosphates and Xanthog6nates on Flotation in
Acid Media (Sravniteilnaya tekhnologicheskaya otsenka sobi-
ratellnykh svoystv ditiofosfatov i ksantogenatov pri flotatsii v
kisloy srede)
PERIODICAL: V sb.: Usloviya,raskrytiya i razdeleniya mineralov rud
tsvetn. met. Sverdlovsk, 1957, pp 68-90
ABSTRACT: Theoretical data descriptive of the technological properties
of collectors and the conditions for their use.~%,rrn the basis of a-..
hypothesis to the effect that on flotation in a *eakly acid medium
a definite possibility exists of obtaining greater efficiency by
employing collectors with shorter hydrocarbon chains, and that
consumption thereof would be lower than that in basic mediums
and*also lower than that of collectors with longer hydrocarbon
chains. In other words, the weaker the collector, the more ef-
ficient will be its action in a wcakly acid me dium. The object
Card 1/2 of the given study is to seek experimental confirmation for this

137-58-6-11322
A Comparative Technological (cont.)
theoretical proposition and to justify the necessity of the practical emp;loy-
ment of weak and selective collectors in the flotation of hard- to -conc ent rate
complex pyrite ores in weakly acid mediums. The question of the advantage
of flotation of refractory ores in acid mediums is also posed- The foll 'owing
collectors are investigated: ethyl and butyl frotbers, ethyl and.butyl xantho-
genates, the quantities employed being 5-45 g/t ore. The Cu-Zn ore of the
Degtyar deposit is investigated. In all experiments, the quality of the con-
centrates derived was higher when weaker collectors were employed. This
is emphasized by their superior selective properties and higher efficiency,
which is confirmed by the higher percentage of recovery attainable in weakly-
acid medium with small consumptions of the weak collector. Thus, weak col-
lectors with an increased number of radicals in the molecule are recom-
mended. The superiority of dithiophosphates as collectors for flotation in
weakly acid mediums is demonstrated.
A.Sh.
1. Ores--Flotation 2. Dithiophosphates--Effectiveness 3. Xantha.6,enates
Card ZIZ

L 137-1957-12-23029
K,
Translation from: Referativnyy zhurnal, Metallurgiya, 1957, NY 12, p 23 (USSR)
AUTHOR: Kakovskiy, 1. A.
TITLE: On the Nature of the Interaction Between Disulfides and theSurface
of Metals (Preliminary Report) EjO kharaktere vzaimodeystviya
disullfidov s poverkhnostlyu metallov (Predvaritellnoye
soobshcheniye )T
PERIODICAL: Obogashcheniye rud, 1957, NY 1, pp 6-9
ABSTRACT: Disulfides (D) that is, the oxidation products of certain anion
sulfhydryl collectors, are frequently employed as collectors in the
processes of concentration by flotation of ores containing native
metals. A study of dithiophosphates and xanthogenates was con-
ducted. In particular, the reversible reaction:
2 (RO) 2 PSSI + V3 _'~ (RO) z RSSSSP (OR) ? + 311 was studied. The
experiments consisted in the titration of dithiophosphate solutions
of various concentrations against a titrated solution of iodine until
~ permanent coloration appeared of the starch in the presence of
~ variable concentration of KI in the solution. On the strength of
Card 1/Z the experimental data the computation of the interactive reactions

137-1957-12-23029
On the Nature of the Interactior,.Bet~vO-eniDisulfi'de&-u(:&ont.
between D and metals was made, using die thyldlthiophos phatedi -
sulfide and Cu as an example. The progress of the reaction of
the D with powdered Cu was verified experimentally. Thus it
was shown, experimentally and by means of thermodynamic calcu-
lations, that during the flotation of metals the D's are 'fixe& on
their surface and form xanthogenates of these metals. The exces-
sive D consolidates on the surface making it highly hydrophobic.
D does not react with the surroundings, nor with the oxidizers
present in the pulp nor with ions of heavy metals which tend to in-
crease the consumption of the anion collectors. The presence of
non-oxidized xanthogenate in D is not mandatory.
A. Sh.
1. MetallurU-USSR 2. Ores-Flotation 3. Dithiophosphates-
Applications 4. Xanthogenates-Applications
Card 2/2
it f- j'k7 1 t' Ta 1~ H ly'ai A'i
/U./ --U ly

,ZAX0-UKIY,-J,A~,G0I-0T1fT, A.A., XARASLV, K.A., SOKOLOVA, D.D.
Methods of treating oxidized gold ores containing selenium. Obog,
ru& 2 no. 6:31-34 157. (MIRA 11:8)
(Gold ores)
(Ore dressing)
(Selenium)

AUTHOR: Kakovskiy, I.A. (Sverdlovsk). 24-7-5/28
TITLE: On the theor-y-o-T the hydro-metallurgy of precious metals.
(K teorii gidrometallurgii blagorodnykh metallov).
PERIODICAI#:"Izvesti,va Akadc;~!ii Nauk. Otdeleniye Tekhaicheskikh Nauk"
(Bulletin of the Ac.8c., Technical Sciences Section),
1957, No-7, pp.29-34 (U.S.S.R.)
ABSTRACT- A characteristic feature is that dissolution of gold is
still effected by processes which are 100 to 200 years old
and that during the last century no new methodshave been
proposed for that purpose. In this paper the theoretical
fundamentals of dissolution of gold are considered.
In 1941 I.N. Plaksin and M.A. Kozhukhova (10) proposed the
use of thiourea for dissolving gold. Plaksia (11) also
pointed out the possibility of using thiosulphate as a
solvent for gold. In 1953 information was published (12)
on autoclave ammonia lixivation of sulphide concentrates
accompanied by the formation in-the solution of considerable
quantities of thiosulphate and,as a result of this,the idea
cropped up of the possibility of utilisation of the complex
forming properties of this reagent for the purpose of
1/3 extracting gold and silver from these concentrates-
Therefore, in the laboratory of the author work was st~rt6dcn

on the theory of the hydro-metallurey.of precious metals.,
(Cont.) 24-7--~5/28
the thermodynamic investigation.of this,procaPs. In the
meantime S601 Sj~._ et alii (13) Published detailed
re,sults on thebehaviour of gold and silver during the process
of autoclave ammonia lixivation. These authors, as well as
Sidgwickt N.V.'(15),~ establIshed. full passage of the gold
into the solution even in concentrates from:which gold could
not be extracted by cyaniding. These authors Mentim tttt 4ft on
physico-chemical constants'for gold compounds are almost
completely absent in literature and, therefore, in this
article some thermodynamid calculations are giveu relating
to reactions which take place during autoclave lixivation.
On -the basis of these it is concluded that gold as well as
silver are present in the solutions in the form of anion
thiosulphate complexes which can be confirmed spectrometric-
ally and is in agreement with the results of the here given
thermodynamic calculations. However, it is necessary to
bear in mind that after long duration heating and 1:oxidation
of the thiosulphate a decomposition of the complexes may
take place and this problem has to be additionally studied.
The calculations were carried out for the temperature of
2/3, 25 C but this has almost no bearing at all on the arrived at

JI
Distr.
v, tlm baiwvm dlmlAd%S,wa the matAccil of Illptals.
1. A , - - Rer.
111'r - L

lwh I I liF C, w
lille latest 1.4--5M ST), - ader
-at of d2ring Ou floviot! Ol Cut
thlur, ru
:)I" &rc wen lz plocidull agents. Lt iv 010-n
--.-Iav the 7~:-wfl~nl Zp_q, 'a
and 1, [fid ,:1w
1,ldlza"_r 3c,~
eckrnj ;.,!i art Ovcll~ V) Tlt~_l _blcatwull

24-11-5/31
AUTHORS: Kakovskiy,_I. A. and Smirnovt N. S. (Sverdlovsk)
TITLE: On the solubility of iron in molten tin. (0 rastvorimosti
zheleza v rasplavlennom olove).
MMIODICAL: Izvestiya Akademii Nauk SSSR Otdeleniye Tekhnicheskikh
Nauk, 1957, No.11, pp.44-51 (USSR5
ABSTRACT: The solubility was studied of iron in molten tin in the
range of existence of FeSn2joat the temperature range of
tinning,which is 250 to 480 C. Formulae are derived
for calculating the solubility of iron in the molten tin
at these temperatures and the behaviour is explained of
met-allides, in a molten metal, which is one of the components
of metallide. According to available data, it can be
assumed that the solubility of iron and tin is very limited
and the iron usua117 detected in tin consists fundamentally
of suspended FeS% crystals. Bxperimental results on the
solubility of the system iron-tin, as 'well as of other
analogous systems have so far not been theoretically
evaluated. This Is due to the fact that the considered
system, as well as similar systems, represent a particular
case of metallic solutions which cannot be considered as
an ideal nor as a regular solution. The authors believe
Card 1/3that interpretation of experimental data in such systems

On the solubility of iron in molten tin. 24-11-5/31
was unsuccessful mainly due to valency electrons, i.e. due
to the formation of a new phase a metallide and FeSn2 in
this particular case. -The considerable-divergence in
the values of the solubility of iron in Polten tin,
calculated according to various equations', imposes,the
necessity of obtaining more accurate experimental data
in the range for which these equations are not sufficiently
reliable. For determining the limit solubility of iron
and tin at the range of tinning temperatures, a method
was utilised which was applied in the paper by V. I.Danilov
for"Itudying the influence of the mechanical admixtures to
the tin on the degree of super-cooling, namely, filtering
of -the molten tin through porou3 quartz plates. A Isketch
of the test set-up is shown in Fig.2 p 46. The res lts
of"d.etermining the iron contents in the*tin specimenus
before filtering q and after filtering through 'a
quartz filter at thi temperature 480-C and also the
iron contents q in.the tin after filtering at various
t ratures are given. These show that the real
,b,lity~of the iron in the tin corres onds more closely
Card 2/3 to the value calculated according to Eq.M:

V 137-1958-3-4530
17
Translation from: Referativnyy zhurnal, Metallurgiya, 1958, Nr 3, p 8 (USSR)
AUTHORS: Kakovskiy, I. A., Silina, Ye. 1.
TITLE: Substitutes for Cresyl . Aerofloats (Zameniteli krezilovykh
aeroflotov)
PERIODICAL: Byul. tsvetn. metallurgii, 1957, Nr 14, pp 9-15
ABSTRACT; On the basis of a comparative qualitative evaluation of the
chemical activity of aromatic (highly poisonous) and aliphatic
(considerably less poisonous) dithiophosphates (D), which demon-
strated the similarity in the chemical activity of cresyl and of
the higher alcoholic D's, the kinetic properties of D's were
studied and it was established that cresyl DIE may be replaced
by higher, alcoholic (butyl or isoamyl) D's. Isoamyl D exhibits
somewhat greater -collective arid frothing properties than cresyl
D. The prevalence of frothing or collecting properties is a
function of the grade of industrial D present, i. e., of the amount
of free isoamyl alcohol. Industrial butyl and isoamyl D's may
be employed as frothers in any flotation process at their corres-
ponding grade designations instead of those of the cresyl D'S.
Card 1/2 However, the employment of a frother in the role of a collector

137-1958-3-4530
1. Substitutes for Gresyl,, Aerofloats
may be advised only in those instances when, owing to the
technological regimen, small amounts (5-20 g/t) of high grade
(25, 31) collectors are required. They are best used in the
form of a dry salt in conjunction with alcohol.
A.Sh.
Card 212

AUTHOR: Kakovskiyp I',A. 136-7-9/22
TITLE: Theoretical foundations of the xanthate method of precip-
itating cobalt ftom, solutions. (Teoreticheskiye osnovy
ksantogenatnogo m.etoda osazhdoniya kobdl'ta.iz raetvorov).
PERIODICAL: "Tsvetrwe Metally", 1957~ No'.7, pp 42-51 (USSR).
ABSTRACT: In this article some of the considerable literature
bearimg on-the precipitation of cobalt fromsDlutions by
the Xanthate method is critically discussed and some orig-
inal experimental work is described. The basis of the
latter was the construction of "quantity of metal precipi-
tated.vs. function of precipitating-agent consumption"
curves from successive precipitations. Two series of ex-
periments, one with pure solutions of cobalt, and the other
withsolutions containing cations of other metals were
carried. It ,ms found that in the former 1 g-atom of
cobalt uses up ? g-mols of xanthate; in the latter cobalt
is precipitaIted before zinev almost simultaneously with
nickel and after copper and cadmium; some coprecipitation
of cobalt with copper and cadmium and of zinc with cobalt
1/2 takes place. The thermodynamics of the precipitation of
cobalt- and of the possibility of the formation of the

KAKOVSKIY, I. A. Professor (uraintekhanobr)
"The influence of the surface state on the electrical separation of lov-conductivity
minerals"
repwt P"entat at the 4%h SCIMuf IC MA "dwilea se"im of WN ftmombr
luts Loolvamdo 15-18 JoU 190

~'K -~-prof.doktor, retsenzent;
PIAKSIN, X_ror' Nikolsyevich;j
KifOKHWY, V.R., kand.tlekhn.nauk, reteenzent; SKOBEY17, I.K.,
prof. odktor, retflenzent; VNSSONOV, S.V., prof., doktor tekbno
nsuk, reteensent-, MARENKOV, Y'e,A., red.; ELIKIND, L.K., red.
Izd-va; VAYNSHTM. Ye.B.. te"n.red.
[metallurgy of precious metals] Metallurgits blagorodnykh netallove
Hoskva, Gos.nauchno-tekhn.iod-vo lit-ry PO Ghernoi i tovetnot metal-
lurgil. 1958. 366 p. (MIRA 11:7)
1. Chlon-korrespondent Akademli nauk SSSR (for Plakein). 2.
Irkatskiy gorno-metallurgicheskiy institut, kafedra metallurgii
blagorodnykh metallov (for Khokhlov, Skobeyev). 3. Irkutsiciv
gorno--metallurgicheakiy InBtitut kefedra obognshcheniya polesnykh
tskopayezykh (for Bessonov)
(Precious metali-Metallurgy)

KWVSKIT, I.A. i; RIVETTSMA, V.1,
Ce of electric separation in dressing zircon-pyrochlore
,rIe
concentrat 9. Obog. rud 3 n0-1:16-24 IM OaRA litio)
(Zircon) (Pyrbahlore) - (Ore dressing)

/< C f"~~ A"/ ~-; :7, /~'
AUT1101IS: Rarasev., X,A, and Nakovskiy, I.A. I
TITLE- Some mercapto-comli.auds of palladium (Nekotlcr)-ye sul'fgidril'nyye
tjoyedineniya palladiya)
PMIODICAL: TavetnTle Matally, 1958. Nr.3. pp. 47-54 (USSR)
X9STRACT Dcistind nothods of isolating palladium from chloride mid sulphate
soluti~sns are inefficient. The ricble-motals metallurgy department
of the Ural I'olyteochnic Listi-Itute therefore studied the physical-
chemical proper-ties mid ~onditiona Sor the formation.of the xant-hates,
dith-iopliesphates and mereaptidezi faliphatic and aromatic) of palladiwa
IL
With ULC object of developing methods for the quantitative isolation
of this element from chloride and sulphate solutions of various
compositions and from very impure industrial solutions. Inte au+,hk)r*
descxibe experiments which showed that the compcunds studied were
practir.ally insoluble in water and acid and basic solutions, U.Ud
direct solubility determinations were impossible. The potentionetrio,
methud was used for findijig activity products at 250C and vallaes were
checked by equilibrium and dissociation investigations. Calculated
v~~Iues of activity products for (L series of palladium mercapto-
oompounds are tabulated (table.1) as are -those for -the ethyl X011thatOls
of other hea-N-1 metals (table.2). The experiuicut3 an fractiunal
precipitation of metals by ethyl sodium xanthate fully confirmed the
thermodynamical foundations worked out ai the Institute. ExperiM4~nts
Card 1/2 using a previously-described. technitVae (ref.5) on tht separation of

Some morcapto-compounds of palladium 136-58-3-9/21
palladium from copper (fig.1), nickel (fig-2) aud iron (fig.3), ifith
synthetic neutral or slightly acid chloride solutions, showed that
palladium is precipitated first by the xanthate; except for iron in
weakly acid solution excess of xanthate causes precipitation of the
base metal. A modified experimental method was used with a solution
containing equal concentrations of palladium, platinum, rhodium,
iridium, copper, nickel and iron (0.730 g11): equal portions were
placed in separate beakers, different quantities of xaathate being
added to each, and the precipitates produced being analysed for
palladium and impurities. The results (fig.5) ohow that the xanthate
can be used to separate palladium from other platinoids as well as
from solutions with a great variety of compositions. The work
described is the second communication at the Ural Polytechnic
Institute on the use of organic reagents in hydrometallurgy. There
are 4 figures, 3 tables and 6 Soviet referemzes.
ASSOCIATION. UrallsHy Politekhnichaskiy Institut (Ural Politechnical Institute)
AVAILABLE? Library of Congress.
1. Palladium-Purification 2. Palladium-Precipitation
Card 2/2 3. Minerals-Separation-Test rewilts

SOV/149-58-5-8/18
AUTHORS: Tyurinj N.G.., Kholmanskikh, Yu.B. and Kakovskiy, I.A.
TITIR: An Automatie'taboratory Instrument for i~u~iigthe~
Kinetics of Hydro-metallurgical Processes at High
Temperatures and Pressures (Laboratornyy avtomaticheskiy
prIbor dlya issledovani.*a k:Lnetiki gidrometallurgicheskitch
protsessov pri vysokikh temperaturakh i davleniyakh)
MIODICAL: Izvestiya Vysshikh Uchebnykh Zavedeniy, TBvetns:ya
Metallurgiya, 1958, Nr 5, pp 69 - 80 + 1 plate (USSR)
ABSTRACT: The autoclave processes play an increasingly important
part in the modern hydrometallurgical pr=tice and the
field of their application continuer. to grow. To
determine the optimum operating conditions in any
particular case, it is necessary to study the kinetics
of the autoclave reactions which is not easy owing to the
inaccessibility of the system that has to be maintained
at high temperatures and under high pressures. The
standard method of chemical aniLlysis of periodically
taken samples is not suitable for studying reversible
reactions, cheLiacterised by fast reaction rates or for
determining the quantities of the gaseous phases taking
Cardl/8

SOV/149-58-5-8/18
An Automatic Laboratory Instrument for Studying the Kinetics of
Hydro-metallurgical Processes at High Temperatures and Pressures
part in the reactions. In addition, a reverse reaction
may take place in the sample during cooling, or the basic
reaction may proceed continuously after removal of the sample
from the autoclave, in which case the results of the
analysis will not be a true indication of the conditions
existing in the autoclave at the moment of sampling.
To overcome these difficulties the present authors
developed a laboratory instrument which is, basically, a
recording polarograph with solid platinum micro-electrodes
and in which the autoclave constitutes the electrolysis
cell. A photograph of the complete apparatus is shown
in Yigure 1,while a diagrammatical sketch of the "toclave
and the circuit diagram of the polarising unit and the
automatic recorder are reproduced in Figure 3. A detailed
description of the apparatus and the method of calibration
are also given.
The main ahortconing of all polarographe with solid elec-
trodes is-,that if reproducible results are to be obtained
means have to be found to "clean" the electrode surfaceg
Card2/8 which easily undergo chemical and/or physical changes.

SO'1/149-58-5-8/18
An Automatic Laboratory Instrument for Studying the Kinetics of
Hydro-metallurgical Processes at High Temperatures and Pressures
This is best done by the application of alternating
polarisation (Ref 15) and this method has been adopted
'by the present authas, with the modification that
polarisation takes place with the potential changing
continuously. To ensure reproducibility of the results,
the variation of the electrode potential B must follow a
pre-determined law, e.g. B - 1 1 - vt where 3 1 -
potential at the beginning of the cycle, v - rate of the
variation of the potential, t - time. With the linear
character of the 9/t relationship a generator of a
simple const;kuction can be used. Under the actual conditions
the graph of this relationship constitutes a cyclic
curve (see Figure 2). Each cycle consists of two perio6s:.
preliminary and working period. During the preliminary
period the reduction products formed during the preceding
working cycle are removed from the electrode surface. This
is attained by superimposing on the electrode so-called
initial potential of the sign opposite to the potential
Card3/8 of the working period. Polmrisation takes place during the

SOV/149 8-5-8/18
-z- . I
An Automatic Laboratory Instrument for Studying the inetics of
Hydro-mdtallurgical Processes at High Temperatures and Pressures
working period with the electrode potential changing
from + 0.5 to -3.0 V.
The polarising potential in the form of periodic signals
is supplied by a generator. This potential is applied to the
cell through a calibrated resistance connected in series.
The drop of potential on this resistance which is propor-
tional to the current passing through the cell is fed to
the input side of a DO amplifier and the amplified signal
actuates the recording mechanism operating ou the continuous
balancing principle.
In the apparatus described in the present paper, the
autoclave itself (250 ml cgpacity, designed to operate
at temperatures up to 300 0 and pressures up to 100atm
and provided with an impeller operating at up to
2 800 rev/miA) served as the electrolysis call. A platinum
foil disc 25 mm'diameter was used as the anode and a
platinum wire 3 mm long, 0.3 mm diameter served as the
cathode. This gave the electrode areas ratio of approxi-
MatelY 1/550 which ensured a sufficient degree of stability
Card4/8 Of the POtS;;ial of the non~polarisable electrode. The

BOV/149-58-5-8/18
An Automatic Laboratory Instrument for Studying the Kinetics of
Hydro-metallurgical Processes at High Temperatures and Pressures
preliminary experiments designed to check the proper
functioning of the cell were carried out at room
temperature at atmospheric pressure. Polarograms were
obtained for various solutions and from these calibration
curves were constructed which confirmed the linear relation-
ship between the wave-height and the cation concentration
in the solution. the polarograms for various solutions
of CdC12 in 0-5 N K01'are shown in Figure 4 (the
cowentration of CdCl2 varying from 0.4 to 3-6 g/1). The
calibration curve for this system (graph 1) and also for
the system GuSO4/1.0 N NH40R.~Uaph 2) are reproduced in
Figure 5. 'In the next stage dissolution of galenite in
NaOR solutions in the presence of oxygen was investigated.,
The polarising cell was calibrated with the aid of the
standard plumbite.solutions (sqlutions of PbO in 0.5 N NaOR)
at 105, 1109 115, 120 and 125 "C and under total pressure
of 7 atm (Figure 6). The calibration curves constructed on
Card5/8 the basis of polarograms shown in Figure 6 are reproduced

SOV/149-58-5-8/18
An-Automatic Laboratory Instrument for Studying the Kinetics of
Hydro-metallurgical Processes at High Temperatures and Pressures
in Figure 7. These data were used to study the kinetics
of the reaction:
FbB + 20 2(gas) + 30H- = S04 2- + Pb(OH) 3-
at 115 00 and partial oxygen pressure equal to 5.4 atm.
The polarograms of this reaction are shown in Figure 8 and
the kinetic curve (concentration of the dissolved galenite
versus time) is reproduced in Figure 9. The separate
oxygen and lead maxima can be-easily distinguished on the
polarograms, while the kinetic curve shows that after an
induction period (Ref 21) a constant ratc of solution is
a.ttained. The rate Of BOlUtion (tangent of the slope of
the linear portion of the kinetic curve) was
1.14 x 10-7 g - mol/sec, the rate of the solution constant
.beix% 1.1 x 10-8 g-molcm72 see-' atm-1/2 This value
is in good agreement with the results obtained by
Andersen et al (Ref 21).
Card6/8 The results of the present investigation show that a

SOV/149-58-5-8/18
An Automatic LaboralL-Iory Instrument for Studying the Kinetics of
Hydro~-metallurgical Processes at High Temperatures and Pressures
polarograph with platinum electrodes is eminently suitable
for analysis of strongly oxidising and reactive media.
Application of the initial potential of 0 to +0-5 V
ensures the complete regeneration of the surface of the
polarisable electrode. The polarograms are characterised
by well-defined maxima, and experiments with coppel-,
cadmium-and lead-bearing solutions have-shown that the
relationship between the wave-height and the cation
concentration is linear, even at elevated temperatures.
The temperatuge coefficient of thS wave-height (Figure
is 2.4 per 1 C in the 105 - 125 C range, i.e. it has
diffusion character (Ref 22).
There are 9 figures and 22 references, 10 of which
are So~viet and 12 English.
Card 7/8
a s-kiy iu*dtitut;
-ASSOCIATION: Ur J0skiy:polit`ekhuicbA Kafedra~'~
imetalUrgii b ii::iiiL,,ii:~diii:ii;:10.'mitilbo%(Pral$Polytechii:i.eal.
Institute. Chair of Metallurgy of nvolax Metals)~

SOV/149-58-6-4/19
AUTHORS: Kakovskii- I.A. and Barbin, M.B.
TITLZ: Study of the Suppressive Action of the Cyanide Ion
(Izucheniye podavlyayushchego deystviya taianistogo iona)
PZRIODICAL: Izvestiya Vysehikh Uchebnykh Zavedeniy, Tsvetnaya
Metallurgiya, 1958, Nr 61 PP 31 - 42 (USSR)
ABSTRACT: Kakovskiy has prevlawlyc examined (Ref 1) the suppressive
action of the cyanide ion. Later work showed that the
effect is more complicated than supposed and the present
work is the first of a series on its detailed investi-
gation. For this, the suppression of artificially prepared
silver sulphide and metallic silver was studied, the-use of
these materials eliminating many complications. The
author8 give improved values qf equilibrium constants
for the solution of silver xanthates in cyanide solutions
and suggest that there may be little difference between
these and values for reactions on the surface (Refs 1,
293). They discuss the use of equilibrium constants in
estimating flotation characteristics and go on to describe
their experiments. In these mechanical mixtures 1_.-_
part of silver sulphide or metallic silver with 99 parts
Cardl/4

SOV/149-58-6-4/19
Study of the Suppressive Action of the C7anide Ion
of quartz were used, all components being -105 + 74 g in
size and carefully washed. The flotation of this material
was carried out in a 75 ml. Mintsvetmetzoloto machine
without metal parts into which a solution containing
silver-c7anide complex was introduced. Repeated flotation
was carried out with fresh portions of xanthate. Various
frothing agents (alcohols) were tested and comparative
tests were carried out in laboratory machines of other
types. It was found (Figure 1) that the transition from
suppression to intensive flotation occurred at the same
"criticaln concentration of xanthate for all the machines
used. For further tests a Gallimond (Hallimond) tube
was used, with a volume of 100 ml., a charge weight of
0.25 - 0-5 g (-147 + 105 4) mineral/reagent contact time of
20 minutes, and the passage of 50 ml. of air during flo-
tation. Two methods of operation were used but they gave
similar results. Figures 2-4 show the results of several
series of exDeriments; they give theiscovery W as a
function of !he logarithm of CH 9OCSS_ concentration.
Card2/4 Figure 5 shows the logarithm of the critical xanthate

SOV/149-58-6-4/19
.Study of the Suppressive Action of the Cyanide Ion
flotation at a constant concentration of.potassium
cyanide and silver-cyanide complex decreases but with
constant xanthate concentration the critical potassium
cyanide concentration rises proportionally to the square
root. The authors conclude that this work provides
evidence of the chemical nature of collecting-agent att-
achment on the silver surface and the suppressive effect
of cyanide. -Cyanide can be successfully used for the
comparative evaluation of the chemical activity of strong
collecting agents.
There are 8 figures, 1 table and 10 references, 7 of
which are Soviet and 3 English.
ASSOCIATION: Urallskiy politekhnicheakiy institut. Kafedra
metallurgii blagorodnykh metallov (Ural Polytechnic
Institute. - Chair of the Metallurgy of Noble Metals)
SUBMITTED.- April 101 1958
Card 4/4

AUTHOR: Kakovskiy, I.A. SOV/136-58-9-2/21
TITLE: '-T~a cure ~o collecting Action of Di4sulphides
(0 kharaktere sobiratellnogo deystviya disullfidov)
PERIODICAL: Tsvetnyye Metally, 1958, Nr 9, pp T-13 (USSR)
ABSTRACT: The author discusses with the aid of thermodynamics$ the
action of disulphides in flotation to see how the corres-
ponding reactions can occur7 pointing out that this has
not been possible before through lack of thermodynamic
data. He uses the results of an exoerimental study of
the reversible reaction 2RS' - 2e=(kS)R for alcohol
dithiophosphates and xanthates. For t is two independent
methods were used: potentiometric titration with iodine
solution and ordinary iodometric titration using starch
as indicator. He uses the results without going into
experimental details or showing the methods of calculation
since these have already been described (Ref. 18). He
considers the diethyldithiophosphates and ethylxanthates
of copper, silver and gold. His conclusion is that di-
sulphide can react with metals and sulphides of some heavy
cord'/3 metals with the formation of the xanthates or

SOV/130-58-9-2/21
The Nature of the Collecting Action of Disulphides
dithiophosphates of these metals, and he points out that
this almost certainly holds also for other derivatives as
well as the ethyl ones dealt with. The conditions in the
monomolecular layer make the kinetics of disulphide action
more favourable and the length of contact considered
necessary by Taggart (lZef. 1, p 1+26) superfluous. The
presence of a non-oxidized collector is not absolutely
necessary but can have a beneficial effect by lowering the
length of contact of collector and ore. The author
mentions the great theoretical and practical interest of
studying the use of disulphide diluted with appropriate
solvents~ the joint use of disulphides of different
structure and of mixtures of disulphides with unoxidized
collectors and cites the favourable results reported by
Livshits (Pef 4) for flotation of copper from samples of
Nr 2 Almalyksk ore to support his view that such joint use
is promising, and states that Livshits' is the only work
Card 2/3

The Nature of the Collecting Action of Disulphides SOV/136-58-9-2/21
where a systematic study of the effect of disulphide
structure on their flotational properties has been made.
There are 2 tables and 26 references (20 Soviet,
4- English, 1-French and 1 German)
I
ASSOCIATION: Urallskiy Politekhnicheskiy Institut
~Urals Polytechnic Institute)
Card 3/3 1. Ores--Processing 2. Flotation--Materials 3. Sulfides--Per-
formance 4. Titration

SOV/24-58-9-2/31
AUTfiORS: E:akOVBki A. and Revnivtsev, V.1. (Sverdlovsk)
TITLE: lectrostatic Separation of Zircon and Apatite
(Razdeleni e tsirkona i apatita metodom elektricheskoy
1.5
Beparatsii
PERIODICAL: Izvestiya Akademii Nauk SSSR Otdeleniye Tekhnicheskikh
Nauk, 1958, Nr 9, pp 9 _ 16 NSSR)
,'A33STRACT; The physical properties of zircon and apatite (Table 1)
are very similar so that neither the eleCtrOBtatiC nor
magnetic or gravitational methods cen be used for
separation of these minerals. Since flotation (with fatty
acids or soaps used as collectors) has also been found
to be ineffective, the authors investigated the possi-
bility of solving this problem by changing the arface
properties of zircon-and apatite. Such a method is used
in the case of the quartz -,feldspar and quartz-fluorite
mixtures which, after a preliminary treatment with BF
solution resulting in the change of the surface electrical
conductivity of one of the components can be separated
by the eleetrostatie method (Refs 61 13). Pure, native
minerals from one of the Ural deposits were used in tha
Cardl/4 experiments, their composition being: 62.45% Zr 202 1

SOV/24-58-9-2/31
Electrostatic Separation of Zircon and Apatite
31.?% S102; apatite - 53.6% CaO, 41.3% P20 59 2.5% P
and 0.2% 01. The minerals were placed in 10% solutions
of H2"049 H01~ HNO 31H3P04 and HY. After agitating the
suspension for some time, the acid solution was deeantegi
the mineral washed thoroughly with water, dried at 110 0
to c8nstant weight and cooled to the room temperature
(20 C) in a dessicator with the relative humidity main-
tained at 62-65%, after which the surface resistance and
surface conductivity of the grains were measured. The
results, given in Table 1, show that while the surface
conductivity of both minerals, was hardly affected by the
treatment with ~280., HClj HNO 3 or H 3P0 it changed
_lk'
after treatment with HF from 2-5 x 10' .to 3.5 x 10-10 ohm-l
in the case of apatite, and from 1.2 x 10-13 to
2.5 x 10-14ohm7l in the case of zircon. (Similar rea~lt;s
are obtained if instead of HF a solution of sodium
fluoride in diluted sulphuric acid is used)., It
appears that as a result of the chemical reaction between
Card2/4 IRF and apatite , a thin layer of CaF 2 is formed on the

SOV/24-58-9-2/31
El;ctrostatic Separation of Zircon and Apatite
Oirface of this mineral., This layer has a finely
crystalline struoture and is characterised by large
specific surface and high absorption power in respect of
the atmospheric moiq e. The marked inertase of the
surface conductivity of apatite treated with HP is due
to the presence of moisture adsorbed by Ca:F 2 and not due
to the intrinsic properties of this compound. This view
was confirmed by the results of experiments in which the
variation of the surface conductivity of zircon and
apatite with the change of the relative humidity was
studied before and after treatment with BF (Figures 2a
and 6): the surface conductivity of the untreated
minerals increased at the same rate wish increasing
humidity. After treatment with BF the surface conductivity
of apatite increased much more rapidly than that of
zircon.
In the next stage of the investigation, a series of
electrostatic separation tests were carried out using
minerals treated with BF of various concentrations (1-10%).
A laboratory version of a rotating separator (Figure 3)
Card3/4 was-used and the results, given in Table 3, show that the

SOV/24-58-9-2/31
El~ctrostatic Separation of Zircon and Apatite
separation was most complete when the mineral mixtures
had been pre-treated with 5-10% BF solution: in these
cases, the zircon concentrate contained 9596 zircon with
91.5% recovery, the corresponding fiGures for apatite
being 90 and 95%. However, when it was attempted to
separate mixtures that had not been allowed to cool after
drying, the efficiency of separation fell considerably.
A. series of flotation tests yielded similar results thus
confirming the view that the increased surface conductivity
of apatite treated with EF is due entirely to moisture
adsorbed by the layer of CaF2 formed on the mineral
surface and that any factor affecting the quantity of
adsorbed moisture will therefore affect the efficiency
of the separation process. There are 3 figures, 4 tables
and 16 references, 13 of which are Soviet, 2 English and
1 German.
SUBMITTED: March l?, 1958
Card 4/4

KAKO *tJPvAv-f-doktor tekhn. i khim. nauk, prof.; SILIXA, Ye.I., inth.
Interaction of ion producing collectors with surface minerals.
[Trudy] Makhanobr no.96:53-74 158. (MIRA 110)
(Flotation) (Chemical reactions)

BARBIN, M.B., inzh.;_KAK-OVSKIY, I.A., prof.
Studying-the depressing effoct of cyanide ions. Izv.vys.uchabe
sav.; gorozhur. no.10.148-156 159. OCMA 13 2 1)
1. Urallokiy politakhnicheekty inatitut. Rekomqndovana kafedroy
metallurgif blagarodrqkh motallov.
,.(x (7lotiLtian-Squipment and supplies)
LWn-IrAuetrlal applicationa)
j

50), 5W SOV/156-59-2-14/43
AUTHORS: Stepanov, B. A., - U kowel E I. A., Serebryakova, N. V.
TITLE: The Redox Potentials of Xanthogenates (Okielitellno-voestano-
vitellnyye potentataly keantogenatov)
?ERIODICAL: Nauchnyye doklady vysshey shkoly. Khimiya i khimicheakaya
tekhnologiyal 1959, Ur 2, pp 277-279 (USSR)
ABSTRACT: In the present investigation the same method was used that
the authors employed for determining the redox potentials
of dithiophosphates (Ref 1). The calculation of the potentials
of the reaction (1) 2 ROCS91 - 2e - (ROCSS)2 was carried out
p~ocording to the graphical method described in reference 1.
The redox potentials of methyl-I ethyl-v n-propyl-, n-butyl-I
n-amyl-, n-hexyl-, n-heptyl.., n-octyl-, n-nonyl- and n-deayl
xanthogenate are shown by figure 1 and listed in table 1.
The potential increases as a result of the decreasing solu-
bility of dixanthogenide with growing carbon chain. The sec-
ond author found in an earlier investigation (Ref 10) that
the solubility of the members of a homologous chain is reduced
by 1/4.25 in the case of an elongation of the chain by a
Card 1/2 CH 2-member. This corresponds to 1/(4.25 )2 . 1/18 in the case

The Redox Potentials of Xanthogenates 3011/156-59-92-14/48
of the disulphide with 2 radicals. Thia is in agreement with
the increase of the potentials for the higher xanthogenates
(over C8)9 while in the case of the low ones the values of
measurement are too low by 5 - 15 mv as compared to calculation.
This may be explained by the partial irreversibility of the
reaction (1) with low xanthogenates on the platinum electrode.
The revereibility of reaction (1) is to be investigated in
a later paper. There are 1 figure, 1 table, and 10 references,
5 of which are Soviet, and 1 Rumanian.
VtWVZD Byt Kafedra metallurgii blagorodnykh metallov Ural"skogo poli-
tekhnicheskogo instituts,
(Chair of Metallurgy of Preeciomu Uet;als, Ural Polytechnic
Institute)
SU13MITTED: December 15, 1958
Card 2/2

SOV/1-36-59-3-1?/21
AUTHORS: "I vs~ki I.A.,, Bessonov, S.V., Professor,
X!asvs'e'n1, octor of Technical Sciences and
Livshits, A.K.
TITLE: On the Use of Radiography in Work on the Theory of
Flotation (0 primenenii radiografii v rabote po teorii
flotatsii)
PERIODICAL: Tsvetn,77e Metally, 1959, Nr 3t pp ?2 - ?8 (USSR)
ABSTRAM This collection. of letters to the editor were written
in connection with the publication by TBvetnyye Metally,
19581 April, of an article by Professor S.I. Mitrofanov.
This criticised the use of radiographic methods of
reagent distribution on the surface of the mineral
particles.
I.A. KakoVBkiy suggests that since radiography and
radiometry are the same in principle, Mitrofanov's
critical remarks should apply to both. He considers
however, that the experiments of that author were entirely
unrealistic and unnecessarily complicated. He mentions
his experiments which showed that it is impossible to
Cardl/5 wash xanthate off a polished silver plate. He also

SOV/136-59-3-17/21
On the Use of Radiography in Work on the Theory of Flotation
discounts Mitrofanov's assumption of the existence of the
collector in the electrical double layer and gives some
other factors which he has found to be contrary to
Mitrofanov's views.
S.V. Bessonov of the Irkutakiy gorno-metallurgicheakiy
institut (Irkutsk Mining-metallurgical Institute) weilcomes
contributions on methods applicable to flotation-kinetics
research but maintains that Mitrofanov's criticisms of
radiographic methods are experimentally unsupported. He
mentions work at the Institut gornop dela AN SSBR
(Mining Institute of the Ac.Sc.USSR.) which clearly contra-
dicts that author's contention that the results of drying-
films experiments represent the distribution of reagent
over glass as much as over mineral particles. Beasoaov
particularly deplores unfounded criticism by Mitrofanov of
a technique which has contributed to the progress and
international reputation of Soviet science but emphasises
that he favours constructive criticism.
V.I. Klassen classifies Mitrofanov's experiments as
artificially contrived to support incarrec-t ideas. The
Card2/5 basis of these ideas is that when a mineral particle is

SOV/136-~-9 3-17/21
On the Use of Radiography in Work on the Theory of E-otation
removed from the pulp it takes with it an envelope of
reagent-containing water; when the water evaporates the
envelope splits into islands which lead to localised
fixing of the tracer-containing reagent. In correctly
conducted radiographic experiments the possibility of this
happening is carefully avoided, e.g. by repeated wazh 'ing
of the particle. He also points out that if Mitrofanov's
views were correct, the amount of collector on particles
remaining in the tailings would be much more than on- -&'Jhose
in the concentrate: the opposite is found experimentally.
Mitrofnn v's attitude is inconsistent since he accepts Tadia-
metry of powders, to which his own objections should apply.~
The author urges further studies in this field.
A.K. Livshits does not deal specifically with Mitrctanov's
article but himself criticises some work in which radio-
graphir, methods were used. The author admits that any of
the microradiograms published give a direct picture of the
reagent-distribution in particle surfaces. A genexal
criticism is that the purity of the reagent is never stated:
(;a.rd3/5 bu-t the presence of impurities could alter the radiographic

SOV/136-59-3-17/21
On the Use of Radiography in Work on the Theory of Flotation
pattern and the presence of radioactive sulphur is
likely to lead to their production. It may well be
impossible to wash the impurities off the mineral
surface. The author complains of the lack of quantitative
data. and the frequent discrepancies of results, e.g.
between those of V.I. Klassen and of I.N. Plaksin and
R.Sh.Shafeyev, published in Tsvetnyye Metally, Nr ? for
195? and 1958, respectively. He notes that the first
attempts at quantitative radiography confirmed the
validity of doubts on the usefulness of results based on
,risual examination of radiographic patterns. The author
regards much of the pattern obtained by Plaksin and
Shafeyev as being due to liquid droplets. He deals with
some other published data and concludes, making specific
recommendation, that much remains to be done to establish
the radiographic method for flotat-ion-kinetic studies.
In the editorial introduction the following are invited
to contribute to the discussion: M.A. Bygeles,
V.A. Mokrousov, O.S. BogdaL-ov, G.S. Strel'Btyn,
V.Ya. Khaynman and S.I. Krok-hin (workers in flotation-
Card4/5 theory research) and N.V. Watveyenko, M.I. Gorodetskiy,

SOV/136-59-3-17/21
On the Use of Radiography in Work on the Theory of Flotation
M.M. Polyakov and S.N. Kulinin (works' personnel).
ASSOCIATION : Irkutskiy gorno-metallurgicheskiy institut
Irkutsk Min* -
VT-metallurgical Insti tute)
~Bessonov, S.
Card5/5

GREBNEV, AA.. inzh.;,,K&KOVSKIY, I.A.,,prof.
Floatability of artificial, heavy metal aulfides and the
flotation characteristics of little-studied minerals. Izv.
vys.ucheb.zav.; gor.zhur. no-3:140-151 '59-
(KM 13:4)
1. Urallskiy politekhnicheskiy inatitut imeni S.K.Kirova. Rakomen-
dovana kafedroy metallurgii blagorodiVkh metallov.
(Flotation) (Nonferrous metals_-Ketallurgy)

AUTHORS*. Kakovskiy, I.A. and Karagev, K.A. SOV/136-59-4-4/24
TITLE: Use of Mercaptans for Separating Platinoids from
Solutions (Primeneniye merkaptanov dlya vydel4iniya
platinoidov iz rastvorov)
PERIODICALtTsvetny-ye metally, 195-9, Nr 4, pp 16-22 (USSR)
ABSTRACTt This is the fourth of a series of communications on the
use of organic reagpnts in hydrometallurgy (Ref 1-3) and
is closely related to the authors work on palladium
recovery with mercapto reagents (Ref 2). The object of
the work was to find whether solid mercaptans would be
applicable, sufficiently simply, for proces6 as distinct
from analytical purposes. Most of the work was carried
out with solid mereapto-benzthiozole, which is cheap and
plentiful in the USSR; in some, the solid parathiocresol
was used. The authors discuss conditions for the
formation of platinum-metal mereaptidos, their properties
and composition. In their experiments In the use of
mercaptobenzthiozole for separating platinoid metals,
the separation of palladium and platinum from base metals*
Card 1/3 of palladium and platinum from rhodium and indiums the

SOV/136-59-4-4/24
Use of Mercaptans for Separating Platinoids from Solutions
precipitations of all platinum-group metals from
synthetic solutions and the separation of these metals
from solutions similar to those in industry (on a semi-
production scale) were studied. Fig 1 shows the weights
(mg) of palladium, platinum and copper precipitated as
functions of the mercaptobenzthiozole consumption (mg),
Fig 2 and 3 giving the corresponding curveig for palladium,
platinum and iron and for palladium, platinum and nickel.
The curves for all the above metals when present together,
are shown in Fig 4. Each solution contained equal
quantities (73 mg) of the appropriate metal. The volume
of each solution taken was 100 ml and the, acidity 1% HC1.
The mercaptobenzthiozole was used in the form of Its
sodium-salt solution. Details of the experimental method
have been published (Ref 4). The synthetic solutions
contained 100 mg Pd; 100 mg Pt; 84 mg Ith; 106 mg 1r;
100 mg Pe; 100 mg Cu and 100 mg Ni per litre. The work
showed that mercaptobenzthiozole in the form of its
sodium-salt solution is best used for the combined
Card 2/3 separation of palladium and platinum from rhodium,

SOV/136-59-4-4/24
Use of Mercaptans for Separating Platinoida from Solutions
iridium and base metals or for removing platinum or
palladium from rhodium or iridium solutions. In the
absence of palladium, mercaptobenzthiozole at roont-
temperature can be used to separate even the smallest
quantities of platinum from rhodium, irldium and base
metals to give a very high-grade platinuni concentrate.
With prolonged boiling of solutions the ioagent
precipitates all the platinunx-gj~qup meta1z; the small
amounts of rhodium and ruthenium remaining In solution
can be precipitated with parathiocrenol. Th,ire aro
4 figures, 4 tables and 15 references, 7 of which are
Soviet, 4 German and 4 English.
ASSGCIATION: Urallakiy politekhnicheskiy institut (Ural Polytechnic
Institute)
Card 3/3

BARBIN, M.B., inzh.; KAKOVSKIY, I.A., prof.
Studying the floatability of mercuryby meaeurement of contact
angles and radioactive indicators. Izv.vys.ucheb.zav.; gore
mhur. no.4:130-138 159. (MIRA 13:5)
1. Ural'skiy politekhnichookiy institut imeni S.M.Kirova.
Itskomendovana kafedroy bl*gorodnykh metallov.
(Merour7) (Flotation)

BARBIN, M.B.; KAKOVSKIY, I.A.
Studying the depressant effect of cyanide ions by the Ozoro"
and radiocbemical methods. Isv.vys.ucheb.zav.; tovet.met. 2
no.4:36-43 159. (MIRA 13tl)
1. Ural'skiy politakhnichaskiy institut. Kafedra metallurgii
blagorodnykh metallov.
(Flotation-4kulpment and supplies)
(Radiochemistry--Industrial applications)

KAKOVSKIY, I.A.; GREBYEV, A.N.
Concept of "the critical pH value" in flotation. Obog. rud
4 no-5:6-9 159. (MIRA 1,1:8)
1. Ural'skiy nauchno~iasledovatel'Bkiy instit# melths-nicheskoy
obrabotki poleznykh iskdpayemykh.
(Flotation-Equipwnt sad dupP14")
(Hycirogen Un concentration)

5(4) 307/76-33 ... 8--27/39
AUT9ORS: Kakovskiy, I. A., Stepanov, B. A., Ryazantsava, 0. F.j
2ereMr`y`a73`va, N,, V. (S,rerd2.cvs'k_'!
TITLE: Redox Potentials of Dithiophosphates
PERIODICAL: Zhurnal fizicheskoy kbimiiq 19599 Vol 33, Hr 8, pp 1830-1839

ABSTRACT: Organic sulph-hyd ryl reagenisq such as xanthogenatesi di..
~thiophosphates, mercaptanes, dithiocarbamatba, eteg are used
to an ever-increasing extent in industry for flotations,,
in hydrometallurgy, in analytical chemistryv etc. For thermo-
dynamic balance calculations in conneotion with the above
reagentsp it is necessary to know the redox potential (RP)
of these compoundag but the publications hardly contain any
of the desired data. The present paper isp for this reasonp
devoted to the-study,of the (HP) of the ions of dialkyldi-
thiophosphatee. The firmness of the chemical bond between the
two disulphide molecules is determined by the density of
the electron cloud between thems i.e. the character of the
central core of the group and the structure of the apolar
part. The synthesis of dithiophosphoric acide was earried
Card 1/3 out by means of the reaolion of alcohols with phosphorus

Redox Potentials of Dithiophosphatea
Card 2/3
-3ov/76-33-8-27/39
pentasulphide (Ref 9) For the determination of the (TIP) Of
the dithiophosphates iDP), two method.s were used - a dstertaina-
tion of the equilibrium constant of.the.oxidation reaciion
of the (DP) with iodine, and a measurement of the (RP) by
the compensation methoda The results furnishod by the former
method for an initial oonoentration of the (DP) of .-
1.85-10- 3 g.M0111 are given (Table I)p.as well &., those obtain-
ed by the poteniiometrical measurements-of various (DP)
Table 2). In order to determine the acouraoy of determination,
the standard potential was calculated by-means of an equation
(4) for dihoxyldithiophoop4ate and compared-with the ezparimen-
tal data (Table 3). The reversibility of.the oxidation process
of the (DP) with iodine was foundp and'the standard-(RP) of
alkyldithiaphosphates was determined for systems in which.,
liquid disulphide was regarded as standard state. The effect
of the length of the hydrocarbon chain of the (DP) radicals
upon 'he magnitude of the (HP) was examinedv and an appropriate
equat;on given for calculating the (RP) as a function of
the carbon number of the radical. The influence of the iso-
structure of the apolar group of the (DP) upon the magnitude
of the (RP) was also found. Furthermore, the solubility of

Redox Poten-tiala of Dithiophosphates S.Ov/76-33-,8-27/39
dimethyldithiophosphate dioulphide in water was determined,
at 25 00 and a formula for the calculation of the solubility
of disulphides and(other (DP) was suggested. The standard-,(RP)
of the homolob*ous DP) series for the standard state (di-
sulphide solution in water).vas calculated with an activity 116'
There are 1 figure, 3 tables, and.19 references, 16 of which
are Soviet.
ASSOCIATI03: Ural'skiy politekhnicheskiy institut im. S. 31, Xirova
(UralsPolytechnic Institute imeni S., M. Kirov)
SUBMITTED: February 119 1958
Card 3/3

KAKOVSKIY, I.A., prof.; GOWVIN, A.A., doteent; KAUSEV, K.A., doteent
Role of the water In the flotation process* Isvovyestwhabolavo;
gor.ishur. n0-1:130-137 160. (MOA l3s6)
1. UTallskly politekhnicheekly Institut imeni S.M. Kirov&*
Rekomendovana kafedroy metallurgli blagorodxwkh metallov.
(Flotation-lquipment and supplies)

-4
&
82110
.2.2 0 S/184/60/000/02/02/006
AUTHORS: Svetlov, V.A., Engineer, Smirnov, N.S., Candidate of Technical
Sciences, Kakovskiy, I.A., Doctor of Technical Sciences, Professor
TITLE: To the Study of Acid Resistance of Enameled Chemical Equipment
PERIODICAL: laiiinicheskoye mashinostroyeniye, 1960, No 2, pp 27 - 30
TEXT: The authors describe methods of determining and improving the.
acid resistance of enamels. In the USSR and abroad (Refs I - 7), enamels have
been developed which do not lose more -than 0.1 - 1.0% of weight when boiled
in hydrochloric acid during four hours.. Nevertheless, there are failures of
equipment due to an insufficient resistance of enamel coatings. The destrac-
tion of coatings does not appear over the entire surface, but only in some
places. One of the reasons for failures of enameled chemical equipment are
pores and microcracks which originate during the manufacturing process and
during the operation of the equipment under the influence of &n aggressive
medium, especially at great temperature differences. The existing method of
studying the acid re3istance of enamel coatings by determining the amount of
enamel components leached out, by an aggressive solution from a surface unit
Card 1/6

5/184/0 02/02/006
To the Study of Acid Resistance of Daameled Chemical Equipment
during a certain time does not take into account the effect of a possible
porosity of obatings. The industrial method of determining the porosity
by HP currents at 6 - 8 kv does not characterize the resistance of enamel
against aggressive'media under real operation conditions. An enamel coating
"ith a low conductivity can be considered as an Imperfect capacitor. The
processes taking place in enamel coatings exposed to an aggressive medium-lare
recorded by changes of electric properties (alternating current is used). In
the absence of pores and microbracks the active component of conductivity is
considerably smaller than the reactive. With a temperature increase to 100
1500C both components increase. The ohmic conductivity increases by the ex-
ponential lwd (Refs 6 and 8). The resistance of a coating Is determined for
this case by the equation:
z - - 1 __ . I
1 K S
I + ( GO C )2
2 1
Card 2/6

SI/l 84/6 ORM10 210 P,100 6
To the Study of Acid Resistance of Enameled Chemical Equipment
where K 2
'X 2 + Q
110 22 2
296 10 Ir
1 - thickness of enamel layer; 3 - surface of coating; X - specific con-
ductivity of enamel; ci - a.o. frequency; F, - dielectric constant of '
enamel. The resistance changes of an enamel coating due to the solution of
enamel co onents can be represented graphically by a straight line with a
gradient For the case of pores and microcracks formed in the enamel
coating the resistanco of the coating is4
z2 Q (2)
2~(t ~)+ x S + 92
n 2
u U K
where q - summary surface.of the equivalent section of pores and microcracks;
P - specific conductivity of the aggressive medium; "I, - coefficient of
sinuousity of pores, approaching one. The resistance change of an enamel
Card 3/ 6

U110
3/184/60 006/02/02/006
To the Study of Acid Resistance of Enameled Chemical Equipment
coating due to pores and microcracks is represented by an*hyperbola equation.
The following values detemine the accuraoy of the method. Rnamels have a
dielectric constant of about 10. Specific active electric oonduetivity of
enamel can be determined by the tangent of the dielectric loss angle which is
10-1 at a temperature of 100 - 150'C. The specific electric conductivity of
an aggressive medium (hydrochloric acid) has a value of About I/ohm-cm. The
resistance of 1 crn2 of a I mm enamel coating is about 10 c7ims. Calculatiors
show that the resistance of an enamel coating is 107 ohms, i,e., it de eases
by a factor of 10 if the total surface of pores and microcracks is 10-FCM2,
(equivalent diameter of 1 micron). Such a resistance change can be easily re-
corded by modem instruments. Figures 3 and 4 show the circuit for measuring
the resistance of an enamel coating exposed to 20% boiling hydrochloric acid
and the measuring cell, respectively. The resistance was measured by comparing
the voltage drop in the measuring cell with tha:t in the entire electric circuit
consisting of the measuring cell and of a noninduative resistance box. A
"P%6-76 " (VHS-7B) cathode voltmeter (3 Megohms) was used. The tests were carried
out as follows. Drosses of 113 -l" (E-1) and No "2237" and "2235" acidproof ena-
mels (rated composition: SiO 2 - 58.13%; Al 203 - 2.14%; B 203 - 1.94%; Na20 -
Card 4/6

8/1 81;14~01010'AY21021006
To the Study of Acid Resistance of Enameled Chemical Equipment
15.25%; K20 - 2.42-.; CaO - 4.300 Na AlP 7.14%; T102 - 7,75%; coo - o.87%)
were applied to specimens of cold rollel 1169kn " (08KP) steel. After the drosses
had been dried (at 1200C), the specimens were baked in a muffle Purnace. Those
covered with 'E-1 enamel at 840 - 8600C and those covered with No 2237 and 2235
enamels at 7600C and 8300C, respectively. The baked specimens were fixed in the
measuring cell filled,with a boiling 20% hydrochloric acid solution. The specific
resistance graphs of enamel coatings plotted against the time of their exposure
to an aggressive solution lead to the assumption that the dissolution and the
pore formation proceed simultaneously. A period of resisl-'ance stability was
observed in all cases after ah intensive resistance decrease. The microscopic
inspection of the surfaces during this period showed.a porous silina film on the
enamel suYface. The electronographic investigation revealed an amorphous
structure of the film. It can be a!!sumed that ttie resistanoe stabilization is
connected with the formation of wi amorphous silicie acid film on the enamel
surface due to leaching out of enamel borates and silicates by boiling hydro-
chloric acid. This film delays a further destructive action of the aggressive
solution. The acid penetrates gradually through the pores of -the film and con-
tacts the metal after a certain time, This ewases a sbarp resistance decrease.
Card 5/6 al

,9/184/68~6;8/02/02/006
To the Study of Acid Resistance of Enameled Chemical Equipment
An attempt was made to preserve the protective properties of the film by a
3-hour heat-treatment at 2000 and 4000C. The film was fused with the adjoining
enamel layer at 1,000 - 1,1000C and was treated with molten paraffin at 2300C
for 0.5 hours. In all cases a noticeable electric resistance increase was
achieved which remained constant fbralong time. The methods of increasing the
acid resistance of enamel coatings were tested under industrial conditions
(distillation of germanium tetrachloride from a boiling hydrochloric acid
solution containing aggressive components), As a result the life of the
enamel coating Increased by a factor of 7, compared with other enameled
chemical equipment.
There are: 3 circuit diagrams, 1 diagram, 2 graphs and 13 references: 11
Soviet, 1 American and 1 Czech.
Card 6/6

KAKOVSKIY, I. A. (Prof. ) and REVNIVTSIEV, V.I.
"Effects of Surface Conditioning on Electrostatic Separation of
Minerals of Low Conductivity.,"
report to be presented at the Intl. Mineral Processing Congress,, LOnaon, England, 6-9 Apr 60.
Ural Polytechnic Institute for Kakovskiy, and Ural Scientific Research Institute for
Mechanical Processing of Minerals for Re,4niv-tsev.

S/180/60/000/005/027/033
E193/E183
AUTHORS:. Kakovskiy. I.A., and Kholmanskikh, Yu.B.,
TITILE: Study of the Kinetics of the Process of Cyanidation
of Copper and Gold -V
PERIODICAL: Izvestiya AkRdemii natk SSSROtdeleni,7e tekhnicheskilzh,
nauk, Metallurgiya i toplivo, 1960, WO-5, pp. 207-2!j
TEXT: The process of dissolution of con-per, silver a.-Lid gold
171 cyanide solutions was investigated using met-hod of a
rotating disc (Ref. l?). The concentration of cymid6 in soluti -on
was determined at the beginning and end of the ex~Deriment. The'
quantity of metal dissolving was fould by analysing samples tua:ken
from the reaction vessel after different leng-hs of time. Copper
.was determined iodometrically after removing the cyanide by
evaporation with sulphuric acid; gold by assay analysis after
evaporation in a lead dish. Experimental details were given in
earlier work of the authors (Ref. 1) of which this is a
continuation. Results showed that the rate of dissolution was
determined by the rate of diffusion of the cyanide at
Card V5

S/180/60/000/005/027/033
E193/E183
Study of the Kinetics of the Process of Cypnidation Of CODper and
Gold
concentrations below a limiting value, and by the rate of
diffusion of oxygen at concentrations above this value.
Fig. 1 Fig. 6
Card 2/5
J 5 75 10 IZ,3 Ij
(Dim 1.

-T

7
3
[-(~' Mal
V; 16
011r. 6.