SCIENTIFIC ABSTRACT GRUZIN, P.L. - GRUZIN, P.L.

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• Collection: Scientific Abstracts
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• Document Creation Date: November 2, 2016
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• Sequence Number: 20
• Publication Date: December 31, 1967
• Content Type: SCIENTIFIC ABSTRACT

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010 -11
06 ImanammUms is edodk W
00 VI , P. L. Cauzin and G. K
11110-11P
tion 0'- 0. in heated tulectic Cu
04
gated by the method of Sykes (me
*04 it cific best). The therntall-capacit

8 the alloys with the conens. of At
00 show a max. corresponding to the
001
I the 0'- 0& transformation point.
d ottransformstionwas4,24.5cal./
,
00 - 01 cowm the temp. Interval a
J
0001 transilonnation of steels. (The
reaches 100'.) The energy of e
00.3 a-y-swastottaultobelleal./g.
sow asad V. Miretakil. Fbid. 168&-W.
of Ps 2:3 0' of Mid
0011 a PWagriapide method was devtlo
Pliotoempbsisafewsee. The bea
eon in the nuenocryst. alloys contir
Al were photogTaphed. This per
tion of structural charges coilrespon
and study of the
bitity mW temp. hysteresis for the

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direct olywrva-
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USSR/Metals - Diffusion 1 Sep 51
"The Influence of Carbon on the Self-Diffusion of
Iron," P. L. Gruzin, Yu. V. Kornev, G. V. Kurdyumov,
Corr Mem, Acad Sci USSR, Inst of Metal Sci and PhYs
of Metals, Cen Sci Res Inst of Ferrous Metall'urgv
"Dok Ak Nauk SSSR" Vol LM, No 1, pp 49-51
Preliminary data touching on the influence of carbon.
on the self-diffusion of gamma-iron was obtained
during investigations of the self-diffusion of pure
iron. It was shown that the addn of carbon strongly
influences the parameters governing the self-diffu-
sion of iron. Current article subiects this problem
2LIIT45
to a special study, Concludes that thp nddn of car-
bon in iron decreases the energy of the bond of the
I austenite lattice. Submitted 12 July 51.
221T4,5

-~ -p', :1. L.
Oct 5'
"Application of tale !:,Alioi ,)f lui'dr-ctive ind-l.citars Of jiffu:3ioTl in Hefra
P-3chel-.0v, P. enal of
Q La ls
110-neupory" 14*0 10
0 , P,,, 4` 5
1; f7
u
3tudlies charact.~-,v of !;ioUon iii of gu~.
-lien In
tl~~t Irocess of lelletration of 3olld in .-h
te.11ps is described by of liffuz;'Lon. Coeffic-'ents of i.eru-- in
ar-,J dinas br.'Ack.- at var"Ic ,z, teT.-~ps. Va 4 . IC
with fc,"
Fe. .1-m ~, U -n
PA 2!.p',T72-

; ~ I ; I ; I ; I ; ! N ! , 1 ! . - 11 1 ; r !,, : i
GRUZINP P. L.
"Using Artificial Radioactive Indicators for Studying 5ififusion and
Self-Diffusion Processes in Alloys: Selh Diffusion of Cobalt," Dokl. AN 555R.,
86, No.2, 1952

The U so of WISiAl RA!Js~jstlu Isslimme for the Study of
i O;i -C j Diffusion and 41,11-Dil)[usion in Alloys sell-MIRMOn in Y
Iran. P. L Orgzin/ Uzmatiya Akadentii Nauk S.S.S.R..
Nauk, 1963. (3), 383-392). (In
Rwwisoij. A mcdic-d of dotormitting coifficimits of diffmion
and wli-diffu~iek,, mv tho u- vX ra,lionctivo i-1131~.
which cats Iki m4od for any whd twitablo for mechanical work-
ing is &%cril)(41. Aloro exact were obtaine-A when
UsIn tdiating, iaotopf.-q. Tho tumporuturts, dopundence of
92-ru 1 11
the If-diffitsion of y iron in t1to 960- 1250" C.
~un atatminml--v. 0.

P. L. nRUZIN
Journal of the Iron and Steel In!jt.
June ITV,
/The lufluence of Carboo on life I'l W the
03, (A), 409-412).
Jn Itutmian). 'Ilio inflonnow ;it mirfooll oil tho gelf-4ifrimion
of Iron In Ft-NI n1loym witi mW&-fl. imiyig milionative Fogi, In
gm goo-13011 % and 1050-133MC. for
the tompernfuro trivir
alloys "Ontitinitig and 2151,1,'. of ninkel rt,mpm-livuly, The
tho. or ilifftlqion livativig NvItA Mich 111111. flip ffilruliol) la
wns 40-50 timplit thlAer ti, till tbo olvel roplid"d Imyor or
active iron. The di,l)(m(lonco of flip 1-clefficienta of licir.
(I iffusion of iron on I Ito carlmn corifecit of flio irun-nikcl nllovFl
are mue4olittid by tim Formulm ( I I for nllnyx c-tifnimog 20-1o
of nic Al OZP -
D is-to-o, c fill
and (2) for alloys -ontaitting nf nickel
"'Llin -
11TIP.
D 71 -
where p is the cubon content ir. It a gns constant, und
T the temperature (" K.) It iH concluded that injarboo loxter-t
_~ho IjonA ~neFgy o!~F~~cilprtm in solid molutiorts of iron nod nickel.

GRUZIN, PL.; KUMMOV, Ye.V.; KMYUMOV, G.V., akademik.
Effect of Intra-granular structure of auntenits on the autodiffu9ion
of Iron, DDkl.AN SWR 93 no.6:1021-1023 D '53. (NLU 6:12-)
1. Institut metallovedenlya I fisiki metallov TsUlChN.
(Iron--Ketallography) (Austenite)

~'Z
7.
aterralostlon of diffuilon cot#kleuti lo'solid
digactive f5ottil . P.L.Gruttin.3.111 7DUY
the Ifiathod of VII gad. KUUA aid
44-~ Wtvi - Do 11 3,37,77IM-71044), cf:.
P C.A. 4s, 1W.14he method -ww Wed on the fact that P-
e strongly absorbed than -y -rays, end. there-
rlv&,Traerleatimy0e,iiitensities of the 0 radiations changed as a
layer of radioactive isotopes diffa." into, the body of a
O',im . The method was tesivil ;.n tech. Re by using
r &n
VA tile diffusing 511b
itance. Fcsj~,Omeu 3 X 12 X 25
trint. were holnogenized at I(M-1260' and then covered
with a I-p layer of radioactive Cn. Counts were. made
before and after diffusion with and without a I-tnru,
Al filter. Ile diffusion anneal was done in a quartz*
tube evaLuatrd to 10-1 mm. Hg and with temps. --outralled'
to -+B*. The back side was cleaned after diffusion to avoid,
surface-diffusion effects. Data were obtained for -y-Fe at
temps. in the range 1100-1200* and for a-Ve at h ti
the range 700-WO*. The D valud!i were- D. - 0.2 exp.'
(-54,OOOIRT); D, - 300 exp. (-87.000/RT). Jheste
agreed only moderately well with the results ofit sectioning
method. The present method had shortcomings, but it bad
such advantages a5 being independeot of partial loss of thet
radio4ctive sub5tince.
AV-
LLLU

chromimm Wd am a Irmo a
P. L'_ (LAOkWv kqd.
OU
a nd 1'41
W;f&nl. 710 tem
Of.- e.M.5" Zr' d Cc, or,: ancl. I i1z an
Phases Of teah., Fe inil -feol n( iuteatold oal~pn.'
(0.%-, Q "a stu In the 7010ft-E 0. by, ;-thf
m
Ith
eth ofradloactivoisatopes( CcI 0, Ij 11).
log D a nt I/r6curves fat WIL th aask iii th
low-liaolo C. va"p, in the ~-Pbxse Uld. I neredeq of
the diffusion rate in austenits ~below low a, M W exp1A file&
by the Qomplex atruct4rs of the aueteafto gn, tra (atAbsti
temp.), in %,hfch the grain boundarfOs of We of At;
tran3formod Aerrito-- pearlite, and ferrif"arrat iitxfvrv4re'
still discernible. The diffusion parameters D6 hd Q fit dit.
equation D - Do-QJI'r Nmra calculftted for Co, and %Y IM
the ferrite oftech. A and in the aitatenlia ofteah and sh"el.
The diftion,"tivation enera of Cc, Or, an
d ~ to austpiatt,
was much lower for steel thau fh~ tech.
'm en t BA Itho,
di f;14
Ofdbeolved C ImInneil. the boAdsbiwo In 116AWMI.
L
tinmentain thc.aust6irdta laitice.. Thh differtideas
betwem D for Coi Cr, and W in sustenito Wale smad;!U
ferrite the rat* of diffu;Aon of CO "M 10-20 timiii, that Ofier,
with W an intermediate poettl IL L.
L, - fad' P 6rzo

C- ie U -;L
ysics Technical nhysics
USSR/ Ph,
Card 1/1 Pub. 22 - 16/40
Authors Gruzin, F. L.; Noskov, B. H.; and Shirokov, V. I.
Title Effect of 11n on the self-diffusion of Fe
Periodical I Dok, AN SSSH 99/2, 247-250, Nov 11, 1954
Abutract Eight Fe--Mn alloys were investigated to determine the effect of Ma an the self-
diffusion of the Fo in austenite. The thermal dependence of the self-diffusim
coefficients of Fe in the gama-phase of Fe-Mn alloys was investigated by the
method of radioactive indicators through the utiUzation of the artificially~
radioactive Fe59 isotope. The self-diffusion coefficients were calculated on
the basis of data obtained by measuring the integral radioactivity of the Sam-
ple. It i-tas found that the bond beti-men the atoms of the basic alloy during
the addition of the second element increases. The energy of activation of Fe
self-diffusion at an 11n content of 8% was established as greater than the acti.
vation energv of nize iron self-diffusion. Seven referencesl 6-USSR and 1-
USA (1938-19'W. 'Tables; graphs.
Institution Central Scientific Research Institute of Ferrous Me InstItuln.,,cof Metallur-
and Physics and State University, Institute of Nvemistry, or
V
Presented by: Academician G. V. Kudryumov, June 5, 1954

40-
K%
U;t.
4188 TANUALUS L
;,g..
REJ
~T
Wad;
1200i Iiso, AW; u tra-ar. rildl IV.
ISOM unlog Ta
TO. W" 46POSIt9d C41 IAW 04 thO 4"
04
Iketiva To Smellubm WhLck,~ml III ths farr
os fawitri li: each
cm~d. Two Lm~*~,~wjthlhi,lr Olve fw
.j .114"s Anil ALV(!~ 4 ths 1.-, t.
awaals 1170 to SIO be. Ili;
on tbo wast;d(ra 11 It.
In
layers W kaa"urI4 11~3 6i"2n4w th4ed A4V 01 tm.!'
app 11 r!,
v
!

I .. . ! :. , t,,, - 111 , I !;I III:t I z;.
i I
I- /I , I , I
VINTAYKIII, Yo.Z.~_j~.4~~.L-,k4nd.fiz.-mnt.nriuk; KLYACHYO, Yu.A.,Drof., doktor
khim.nauk; SHOTOV, A.P.
I
Alloy phase analysis by the method of rndioactive trAcers. Probl.
motslloved. i fiz. met. no.4:269-276 '55. (MIIU 11:4)
(Alloys--MetnllogrAphy) (RadioiRotones-IndustrinI anDlientions)

GRU"111, P.L.,kjjnd.fi7.-mnt.nnuk
Cobalt, chromium, and tungsten diffusion in iron nnd steel. Probl.
Metalloved. i fiz. met. no.4:475-485 155. (MIRA 11:4)
(Diffusion) (Iron alloys)

USSa/Crystalu. B-5
Abs Jour Referat Zhur - Khimiya, No 6, 1957, 18298
Author F.L. Gruzin, D.F. Litvin.
Title To The QuesRon of Diffusion Study by the Method of
Radioactive Isotopes.
Orig Pub Problemy metalloved. i fiz. metallov, 9b. 4, 1955, 486-
493.
Abstract A variant of the absorption nethod of radiometric analy-
sis was developed. At the measurement of the sample acti-
vity before and after the diffusion annealing, the ratio
of the intensities of B - and Z( - components of radiation
in case of mixed radiators, or the ratio of the intensi-
ties of two P spectrum parts in case of pure P- radiators
Is determined by this method. The solution of the diffu-
sion equations is modified in order to apply them to
this method. The relative error of the determination of
the diffusion factor is 25%. The experiments were succes-
sful
Card 1/2 - 64 -
USSR/Crystals. B-5
Abs Jour Referat Zhur - Khimiya, No 6, 1957, 18298
in reducing the error to from 10 to 15%.
The sensitivity of this method is greater than that of
other modifications of the absorption method. The use
of this method in the region of low temperatures is the
most rational. The diffusion factor of CO in Fe deter-
mined by this method agrees well with data obtained
with other methods.
Card 2/2 - 65 -

GRUZIII,_P.L.,Kand.fis.-mat.nauk; KUZNETSOV, Ye.V.; KURDnROV, G.V.,akademik
Effect of the intergranulnr structure of austenite on the self-
diffusion of iron. Probl. metalloved. i fiz. met. no.4:4q4-4Q7 155.
(Diffusion) (Iron alloys--MetAllogrnphy) (MIRA 11:4)
(Austenite)

GRUZIN. P_L-,kftnd.fiz.-mat.nauk; NOSYOV. B.M.,kand.fiz.-m--.t.rLauk; SHIROKOV,
"'- ' V.1.,kand.fi%.-mAt.nauk.
Effect of mnnganese on the self-diffusion of Iron. Probl. metalloved.
I fiz. met. no.4:503-508 155. (MIRA 11:4)
(Diffusion) (Iron) (Mnngnnese)
HT I

GRUZIV, P.L..knnd.fiz.-mat.nauk; KOSTOGONOV, V.G.; PLATOROV, P.A.
Using an artificial C14 isotcroe in Btudying the diffusion of cnrbon
in steel. Probl. metalloved. i fiz. met. no.4:517-521 155.
(CRrbon--Iootopes) (Steel--Annlysis) (MIELA 11:4)

GRUZIN, P.L.,kand.fiz.-mat.nauk; MESHKOV, V.I.
Self-diffusion of tantalum. Probl. metnllovad. i fiz. met. no.4t570-573
1~5. (mIRA 11:4)
(Diffusion) (Tantalum)

i I- , -. II
VINTATKIN,Ye.Z.; GRUZIN.P.L.; FIDOROV.S.N.
Determining sublization temperatures by means of the mass-
spectrograph. Zav.lab.21 n0-7:835-837 '55. (NLRA 8:10)
1. TSentrallnyy nauchno-iseledovatellakly institut chernoy
metallurgii.
(Sublimation (Chemistry)) (Kass spectrometry)

6"&Z,J,2 //V,
USERPhysias - Metallurgy
cam 1/1 Pub. 22 - 17/50
Anthwa. I Grueln, P. L.
TWA I Effect of chrome on the self-diffu3ion of Iron
I DOK- AN SM 200/1 65-67, ;an- 1, 1955
Abstract l Experiments were conducted to determine the effect of chrome on theself-
diffusion of iron. The results indicate that the presence of chrow in.
iron increases the intermolecular couplings in the crystallic lattice and
diminishes the *eloeities of-the iron atcma. This, then inoreases the self-
induetion of iron. Four.USSR references (1948-19.53). Graphel tables.
Institution I Institute of Metalography and Physics of Metals of TdWCbM (Central
Scientific Research Institute of Ferrous Metals
Presented bys AcAdemiclan Go Vo Kardyvwvs, May 26* 1954

G-- R U 7- 1 N.1
UM/ Physics Diffusion
CaW 1/2 Pub. 22 - 10/47
Authors a Gruzin, P. L,; Kostogonov, V. G.; and Platonov, P. A.
Title I Application of the carbon isotope C14 for the study:of carbon difNsion
in steel
Periodical v Dok. AN SSSR, 100/6, 1069-1072, Feb 21, 1955
Abstract I The development of a method for measring the.diffusion coefficient in
metals by means of the radioactive C 4 isotope is reported. The now
method has shown greater sensitivity than all other available methods
and requires no special assumptions regarding the mechanism of diffusion
or knowledge of the structural diagram.
Institution t Central Scientific Research Institute of Ferrous Metallurgy, Institute
of Metallurgy and Physics of Metals
Presented by : Academician G. V. Kurdyumov, June 22, 1954

Periodical Dok. AN S36H. 100/6, 1069-1072, Feb 211 1955
Card 2/2 Pub. 22 - 10/47
Abstract The method was found highly suitable for the study of the effect of
alloying elements on the carbon diffusion in ferrite.and austenite.
Some practical experiments carried out by means of the radioactive iso-
tope method are described. Nine references: 4 USA and 5 US6R
(1937-1953). Graphs.

2,

r

=
Jusaon wAs gulli&l 14 (1) 09, '1; Ni. Q) Ni.CL# I
Ni-Cr-Tim-A3, and (4) At sillopl.
T1
Wag PlAt4w an the ~amplh lutface; 21 ilaillpfes wer
f
tog tber fam to face ki~j diffuskr4l3y anneWc-4
"
0e 54 [in
~b

t;
87V atl4 1260'. The -milkiwivit,
yu, VwF"
e
, t
thin lzyzrs tak-m off by ittac tic stillipl-vi.,
N

irid I t i
a*;flljthj.~
j ;/. '
in No. 3. at 675'. 2 J)hMe Went prim'1311i wbMil
&
lit bighel'
ratiges in 'Na~ 3. Cr also, diffui;c1l in I p1tase.: I u:
the diffusion Yallul~s fall on a straight Rav i41 sing1h
iaitmu. Thediffusioacwf!S.Wtr~eV4111.1 t
SM.9W.=dIMW., Ima. 2rj%.Cr allor~ the tlU'Tu ozc~wlf`~'
is 0.1 IQ 0,2 that lit ptir..' Ni W111C 700-111W fin!
I IC
Corresponds Wit tim in aoiliity energy from 48 til El
The Ti addir. further r2ises die activity ~,jefl.; i;,,
th
ti inrtu
th in tfie Littice
Th
lc(L
W
c
.
e
m
e
u
g
alloys WCre very-ChAt. to OIL 4xptl_ ell'A -e. L 4
-sp.,
d INV, which es~
samples, ri: . 1455'. 14125', 1370 an
plailm the isli"itudritally obierved rist 'Hi tho
energy of Cr diffusion in die alloys of 1owjr m.
rg
A.t;

I log M

V J-z
11,TM5TIUTIO?I CC MAR OF RIFMCKRY 'WHINGS or~ 10-
5 11

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ult.,~c .an
ISOTOPES.
.
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I Zwvcid, lab. tF~Ft. Blab.
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:~ i I ,.T. .--
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the shat t lining of a qj~~ ~N. ~J.a alli ,
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3d
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,

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rzoijonazive pallor. was removed. The souroa Is p la In 10
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closed at one end; the other wid Is trwarad Mr, Wry P
r M
mU, 14
radtMai
ri!~Ion .~U
1,Nroporation. AE, mrking Loriiaraturen c,,)t 11W A
vvo ~.~Jbaltij llg~=-
To stWy wear on thd Uninp:
closed ampoules is noeligible. 1j; r 11W at
tho roof, sides and hetrth of cm open hearth furnaw, bAw llr+
' 6 madal In chrd=--
m-mw1te bric?s and radloactIve Iron pondtr Was imarted.
, Tj
' bi~
under production carAltions, fIvo radiation sources gella p~~.
Ak
' u;,-o M pag;,art, In
the briok. Thin mthod awinot ba used for ti-,o Marth 'or ~zl b11 lm W1,1 11cot :tho
vlear in "rhich can be m-eastwcd by lv;rregnating the *nearul mr,114 1DIULL6 63,4C
rad

loactive Isotopes mid watching for eviderico of radloactivIti -li

rAn h jiIgArvh
A

and slag. Dcperience shavis that V e bear ch I 1111 nZ we u
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y at;J
IX
the top courses last f min a day to a minth - aW.41iort-lived~ i1 ia,topaul zitnh as
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mrold errars, Isotopes vAth dIffarenz speotm should ba puoo~j n t4q,

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-----------------

USSR Diffusion. Sintering. E-6
Abs jour : Ref Zhir - Fizika, No 4, 1957, No 9339
Author : Arkharov, V.I., Gerasimov, A.F., GT-uzin, P.L.
Inst : Ural'University USSR
Title : Investigation of the Phenomenon of Internal Adsorption on
the Boundary of an Aluminum Silver Alloy with Oxide Film,
Using the Radioactive Isotope Method.
Orig Pub : Fiz. metallov i metallovedeniye, 1956, 2, No 2, 294-302
Abstract : Plates of the alloy Al -- 0.29% A
,6, containing a small a-
motuit of radioactive isot6pe Ael were subjected 'to a
six-flour exposure at 5500 in vacuum (10-2 __ 1o-3 = mer-
cury) to obtain a thin (50 -- 100 A) oxide rilm, and to
rapid cooling. After this, successive layers 500 -- 600 A
thick were etched away from the specimen (the thickness of
the removed layer was estimated from the decrease in weiE~lt
of the specimen), and each layer was etched away in a dif-
Card 1/2

USSR / Diffusion. Sintering. E-6
Abs Jour :Ref Zhur - Fizika, No 4, 1957, No 9339
Abstract :ferent vessel. -Such treatment was carried out cyclically
18 times until there was accumulated in all the vessels a
sufficient- amount of etching products, and after -v&ich the
etching products were evaporated and their activity measu-
red. It turned out that the first (surface) layer is some-
what poorer in silver, compared with the average contentB
of the silver in the alloy, which can be explained by the
floating away of the silver atoms into the specimens as a
result of the oxidation of the surface. The second and 3rd
layers have considerably more silver compared with its ave-
rage contents in the alloy. This enrichment cannot be at-
tributed to selective oxidation of the alloy and must be a-
scribed to the internal adsorption of silver in the transi-
tion zone between the oxide and metal. The thicknessrof
the transition zone, according to the described experiments,
is estimated torbe 1,6oo -- 1,800 A.
Card 2/2

USSR Diffusion. Sintering. E-6
Abs Jour Ref Zhur - Fizika, No 4, 1957, No 9328
Author qruzin Tyutyunnik, A.D.
IAst Institute of Metal7.Research and Metal Physics, Central
Scientific Reseaj~hh Institute for Ferrous Metallurgy.
Title Concerning the Diffusion Mobility of Atoms During the Mel-
ting and Crystallization of Metals.
Orig Pub Fiz. metAllov i metallovedeniye, 1956, 3, No 1, 70-75
Abstract Certain problems concerning the role of diffusion in mel-
ting and recrystallization of tetal are considered. An ema-
13rsis of the available data on self-diffusion leads to the
conclusion that the melting processes and the recrystalli-
zation of various metals are characterized by definite le-
vels of diffusion mobility. The threshold levels of the
diffusion mobijity are determined by a coefficient of the
order 10-22 cm sec-4 in recrystaUization and 10-8 cZ2
Card 1/2

USSR / Diffusion. Sintering. E-6
Abs Jour Ref Zhur - Fizika, No 4, 1957, No 9328
Abstract sec-l in the melting of pure metals. The crystall-ization
of solid solutions takes place at hhgher threshold levels
of diffusion mobility (D - 1o-13 cm sec-1). It can be as-
sumed that other single-type processes that take place in
solid bodies and that are connected with diffusion also ha-
ve approximately equal threshold levels of diffusion mobi-
lity.
Card 2/2

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o
Aludy of refroctory Uni

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by wentiring tht radiation thrmoulli the ilielf ' A in ilie
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y, judicales
a breaking off 61 the Wink. In tile bWt funutei *01 lining,
It"' and )E"_pre recilmm~pdqd. Tbd' Wectibn of The
Proper liotopc is dictitted by the length of the xrvict peflod
of the ("Mace, bj the lining thicktim, by, wfety, to the
operating perullitlel, etc. W. M. Sterub

~iAKHARTJX, P.A.-. KHAZAN)VA. T.P.Ug~R
,J&U.._g,k.,_TyjTj,yUN"llK. A.D.
Using radioisotopes to Investigate tho dephoaphorization process
of pyrochloric concentrates. TSvet. met. 29 no.7:7-9 Jl 156.
(MLRA 9:10)
(Pyrochlore) (Radioisotopes-Industrial ap-,licatione)

BABIKOVA, Yu.F.; GRUZIN, P.L.,-,professor, doktor fiziko-matematicbeekikb
nauk, nauch"Y-Y.rukovoditell.
[Using radioactive Indicators in the study of the mobility of
atoms in solid solutions; abstract of a dissertation for the
degree of candidate of physical and mathematical sciences]
Izucbenle podvizhnosti atomov v tverdykh rastvorakh metodom
ra(Ro&kt1vrqk1h indikatorov-, avtorefe#at dissertatsti na
sniskanie ucbenot stepeni kandidata fizi6-matexaticheekikh nauk.
Mnskva, M-vo vysshego obrasovantia SSSR. 1957. 15 P. (MM 11-12)
(Solutions, Solid) (Carbon-Inotopes) (mans transfer)

7
137-58-5-10592
Translation from: Referativnyy zhurnal, Metallurgiya 1958, Nr 5. p 246 (USSR)
AUTHORS: Gruzin, Kurdyumov, G. V., Tyutyunik, A. D. . Entin. R. 1.
TITLE: On the Role of Diffusive Displacements of Atoms in High-temp-
0
erature Strength (0 roli diffuzionnykh peremeshchemy atomov v
zharoprochnosti)
PERIODICAL: V sb. : Issled. po zharoprochn. splavam. Vol 2. Moscow,
AN SSSR, 1957, pp 3-8
ABSTRACT: Some results of investigations of diffusion (D) in metals and
alloys relative to the problem of high-temperative streti-th (1-1
are examined. It is noted that the special features of 1he be-
havior of metals at high temperatures under load are (.,in 'liloned
by the existence of rather frequent diffusive shifts ot otoms (A)
in the crystal lattice of the phases constituting the allay, There-
fore, along with the shear mechanism of plastic deformation, a
diffusion mechanisn-i becomes active. The IlLimber of atonlic dis-
placements, increasing with temperature, tends to limit the
temperature zone in which hardened alloy phascs may be em-
ployed, owing to the reduction in the resistance to plastic de-
Ca rd 14 formation due to the shear mechanism. The relatively higher A

137-58-5-10592
On the Role of Diffusive (cont.
mobility at the gra-In boundary or tile intra-grain interface, as against that
within the body. means that fhe grain boundaries consiitute ~he %beak spot ill
the resistance of a metal to deformation and failure a~ high l.omperatures. A
reduction in the mobility of the A is required to increase the level o' H. !t. is
demonstrated that an identical level of mobility of the A can be attained c!. di"
ferent temperatures with different, metnk. The temperature .3~ which a viven
level of diffusive mobility of A is attained is determined pr irria r, ty by the
energy of activation. In some metals the level of mobility of the A i- :11so sig-
nificantly shifted by the change in the magnitude of the factor Do pre~_'eding
the exponent in the expression for the relationship between the coeffi( -en' of
diffusion (CD) and the temperature. Accumulated experimental dat,t illow that
a variation in the CD may occur owing to changes in Lither parameter o' the
temperature dependence of the CD. At elevated energies of activation (due to
alloying), there is usually an increase 'n the multiplier Do' wivh he result
that at temperatures that are high for the given alloy base metal there ;.~;
little change in the CD, while at low temperatures they may change by a full
order of magnitude or even more. Addition to the alloy of elements that
strengthen the bond in the solid solution causes a shift. toward hgher iemper-
atures for the onset of the diffusive ductility mechanism.
1. Metals--Diffusion 2. Alloys- -Dif f us i4on 3. Metals--Te!~iperw ~-j ~-C
Card 2/2 4. Metals--Mechanical properties

137- 58--l- 63 1
Translation from: Referativnyy zhurnal, Metallurgiya, 1958, Nr 4, p I (USSR.)
AUTHOR: Gruzin, P.L.
TITLE: Making Use of the Achievements of Nuclear Physics in Metallurgy
( Ispol'zovaniye dostizheniy yadrenoy fiziki v metallurgii)
PERIODICAL! V sb.: Primeneniye radioaktivn. izotopov v chernoy illetallUrgii.
Chelyabinsk, Knigoizdat, 1957, pp 19-31
ABSTRACT: The use of isotopes and nuclear radiations in metallurgy, in-
strument and machine manufacture, and the study and control of
metallurgical processes.
I Metallurgy--IMR 2. Isotopes--Applications P N
3. Iii.--~truiiientiition--DevelopmeiiL
Card 1/1

Translation from: Referativnyy zhurnal, Metaliurgiya, 1957 '~r 1,12 p ~~S "USSRI
AUTHORS: Zemskiy, S. V.
TITLE: Inspection of Refractory Lining by Means of Radiodc-,ive
Isotopes (Primeneniye radioaktivnykh izotopov dlya kontroiva
sluzhby ogneuporndy kladki)
PERIODICAL: V sb. : Primeneniye radioaktivn. izotopov v chernoy metallurg.-.':
Chelyabinsk, Knigoizdat, 1957, pp 3Z-48
ABSTRACT: Methods of inspection for wear in the lining of opvn-hc-_rt1i
and blast furnaces are examined.
L V
1. Refractory materials-Inspection 2. lactones (Radioactive)-,
Applications 3. Furnaces-Maintenance
Card 1/1

~k 7- 1 /V) 137-1958-1-280
Translation from Referativnyy zhurnal. Metallurgiya, 1958. Nr 1, p 43 (USSR*"
AUTHORS. Gruzin.P.L., Zemskiy,S.V.. Trekalo,S.K., Afanas'Nrev,V.N.
TITLE: A Study of the Motion of Charge Components in Blast Furnaces
(Izucheniye dvizheniya shikhtovykh materialov v domennykh pechakh'i
PERIODICAL: V sb.: Primeneniye radioaktivn. izotopov v chernoy metallurgii
Chelyabinsk. Knigoizdat. 1957, pp 59-66
ABSTRACT: Radioactive isotopes Fe 59 and Co 60 wf-re used to determine
the rate of motion of the charge at various distances from the wall
of a blast furnace. Photon counters mounted either outside the
furnace or in its lining (fixed counters) or introduced within it by
A.A. Melikyan's method (mobile counters' were used to trace the
progress of the radioactive isotopes through the various levels of
the furnace. Data obtained bv the investigation show that the time
during which the materials remain within a 330 m3 furnace from
the stock line to the tuyere belt is 3 hrs. 40 min. for the clinker
in the middle of the furnace and 4 hrs.45 min. at the periphery,
while for coke it is 4 brs . 50 rnin. both at the center and at the
periphery.
Card 1/1 M.O.
1. Blast furnaces-Performance 2. Iran isotopes (Wioactive)
-&pplications 3. Cobalt isotopes (Radioactive)-&pplicationa

Ail
USSRIPhys ical "CheILL/s try 6rystais. B-5
Abs Jour : Referat Zhur - Khimiya, No 1, 1958, 232
Author : P.L. Gruzin, Yu.A. Polilrarpov, G.B. Fedorov.
Inst :
Title : Study of Diffusion of Carbon in Nickel and Its Alloys
Using Radioactive Isotope C14.
Orig Pub : Fiz. metallov i metal-lovedenlye, 1957, 4, No 1, ~)4-102
Abstract The method of the study of the diffusion of C in metals
using C14 was developed. The tagged C was applied to
the metal surface by short-time cementation. Parallel
layers were machined off after the diffusion annealing.
The total radioactivity I of the remaining portion of
the specimen was measured after the removal of each layer, -
and graphs of the dependence of I on the thickness of the
removed layers x, and of the dependence of 1n I on x2 we-
re plotted. The diffusion factor D was determined by the
equation D i) / 4,At, where /3 is the slant of
Card 1/2

USSR/Physical Chemistry Crystals.
Abs Jour Ref Zhur Khimlya, No 1, 1958, 232
B-5
the line In I = f(.x2), and ,,, is the slant of a 1-ine of
~ e same kind nlotted for the thin surface layer of the
th
specimen after cementation. It was found for the d-iffu-
sion of C in Ni at 500 to 9000 that the pre-exponentLal
factor Do 0.1 cm2sec-2 and the activation enera Q =
33 kcal per r-atom. The alloying of nickel with Cr, Co
or Mo (I to 5%) results in a small increase of Do and (~,
D remaining practically constant, which a,,Tees with the
_granCement of C in metal lat-
known peculiatities of the a
tices. D for C is lo5 to lo times greater than D for
metal in metal. The importance of obtained re5ul~%-'s for
.Zr is discussed.
metallur,-
Card 2/2

AUTHORS: Babikova, Yu. F.) z-.Lnd Gruzin 7-T. L- 126-2-10/35
MIM: Study of the electrolytic bransfer of car-bon in steel
by means of radioactive tracers. (Izucheniye elektro-
litichesko.;--o perenosa uSleroda v stali metod-oiii radio-
a.ktivn-ykii indikatorov).
PERIODICAL: Fizika Metallov i Metallovedeniye, 195?, Vol.5, No.2,
pp. 255-260 (USSR)
ABSTRACT: Literary data are available on investigations of electro-
diffusion of carbon into austenite. Abtes-,i-pts by
Guterman, V. M. (Ref-5) to establish electrolytic
transfer of carbon into ferrite were unsuccessful.
Diffusion data published by Gruzin, P. L. (Ref.6) indicate
that the mobility of carbon atoms in ferrite is greater
than in austenite. Therefore, it could be e--~mected
that electro-diffusion of carbon should talke place in
ferrite and that it could be detected if a proper
Uechnique is used. In this viork the main object of
investigation was a-iron. The specimens consisted of
iron foils whereby the iron contained Lhe following:
0.03% C; 0.04% fAn; 0.009% S; 0.13% Si; 0.005% P. The
specimens consisted of 5 to 8 r---1 wide, 0.08 'to 0.15 mr.
Card 1/3 thich and 50 rm-1 lonL; strips which were cop--)er-plated

1126-2- 10/3 5
Study of the electi.--oly-bic tli,~msfer of c~?.rbon in steel by means of
radioactive tracers.
throu(~hout their entire leni-th, except for a central
Sectioll 1 to 5 m!'I loll[; illten(led for case with
radioactive carbon. The caso hardenin-L, Offected in
special copper containers placed into evacuated qy" tz
tubes usin- charcoal and BaCO_ w"tll. radioactive C _e's
I? . - -
t-he carburizinr:- a-ent. FiG.2? shovi", 1.1 j)Ioto of ~he
U b
.r.-eneral view of the set-up for electro-diffusion -Mnealing;
Fig-3 shows a photo of the vacuwi part of t're apparatus
for electro-diffusion anl2ealinLr, which -,lias, 8arried out in
~qolten salts at the temperatures 550 to 800 C. The graph,
K6.1,sliow.,,~ the di.,.;tribution of t)ie radio-active cz~bon
along the len.-th of the specimen after ease hardeninf-r;
the i~raph, FiC.4 shows the distribution of the radio-
activity on the cathode and the anode sections of the
spe 8imen,before and after lieatinG,at e, telperature of
600 C for ten minutes. Fig.5 shovis the dis-1,ribution of
radio-activity at the ends o- th8 speci.,ien before and
after diffusion aiu-1calJn-- at 700 C foi- fiftj minutes.
Table 1 Lyjves the number of carbori trzal.-,fero for t ~e
ferrite for the te-.:1pera'U-ures 800, (100, C-00 an-cl 530 C,
Card 2/3 whilst Table 2 -ives the value -_ of carbon cr~` chion charges
0

126-2- 1 JI 13 5
Study of the electrolytic transfer of carbon J__n sueel by me--ns of
radioactive tracers.
for the ferrite for the same te,.iperattires. The here
described method of deter.,.1inin6 the ca ip~ on transfer
number in alloys,based on utilisinG C perinits~
detection of the transfer of carbon in steels under the
effect of the electrical field and -to deteria-iile the
degree of ionisation of its atons. It was established
that the carbon atoi-lis in ti-ie ferrite are in the form of
cathions _-,id the cathion cl~,arGe of the carbon is
approximately equal to four eleiiientary units of the
electric charge.
There are 5 figures, 2 tables ~lnd 10 references,
7 of which are Slavic.
SURJITTED: March 7, 1957.
ASSOCIATION: Institute of DIetal Technolo~-y and Uetal Physics
TsNIIChIM. (Institut Metallovedeniya i Fi--i-'.,:i Idetallov
TsNIICh19)
Moscow Physico-Engineering Institute.
(li'Loskovskiy Inzhenerno-fizicl,eskiy Institut).
AVAILABLE: Library of Congress.
Card 3/3

dioutivo ladkattldlor the Ilividy of de-!
ccvccn 'I
5.7
I'l L
Mizi
r "I"' "111
-1 -ACM lr 2:7.- 2r7m. 41,
in 11,110f, and twut NOW via
(.0 to metallic-Zn which had beim tit 4 1
tireatcd
apatite in 101,1~ 11cl, (h) to Pyrachlore COIX&StT.Itq: ~t lilt K.,
17% ZnOi; and (a) to p)Tochlore cwfg. 0.770 In fill
cuses abootose, 'of thractivity wsmqlostaft~!r Life llvj.~imsli-~
ing with wator, ~On It other IiAtid~ 1 J-'36(1
Of 0lC:LCdVIIyreMllincd aftcr7 ira,91 3141; Thusr, 411N, 0130)
of the P was "Itisclrbell Rnd l"'Ould )e mnoveO b~ -a0hug,
-,ultie nAmIlned ns of ill"m
1 te

20-114-6-23/54
AUTHORSt Bardin, I. P., Member of the Academy, Gruzin, F. L., Zemskiy,S.V.
TITLEt An Investigation of the Blast Furnace Process by Means of
Isotopes (Izuoheniye domennogo protsessa metodom izotopov)
FERIODICALs Doklady Akademii Nauk SS3R,1957,Vol-114,.Nr 6,pp.1220-1223(USSR)
ABSTRACTs The present paper gives the results of various experiments
made by the Central Scientific Research Institute for Sider-
urgy and by metallurgical factories on the motion of the
charge materials, the wear of the fire-proof lining and the
elaboration of a method for studying the motion of gases in
the blast furnace by means of isotopes. Under the influence
of the air blast the pieces of coke perform a spherical cir-
c4lation. With the aid of radioactive isotopes the motion of
the parts of the charge in the blast furnaces can be studied
by fundamentally new methods.'A piece of the charge is labelled
by an artificially radioactive isotope and its motion follow-
ed by radiation detectors. The simplest method for labelling
the charge materials consists in the boring of holes in the
pieces of coke and lime and the fixing of certain quantities
Card 1/2 of radioactive isotopes in these holes. Another very suitable

20-1-14-4-23/54
An Investigation of the Blast Furnace Process by Means of Isotopes
method is based on the activation of the grains of the charge
material in the nuclear reactors.
At present two methods are used for studying the motion of
the charae. By the first method the total duration of stay
of the charge in the furnace is determinedi details on this
are E;ivenq The second method requires a special equipment of
the furnace with investigation holes which are arranged in
a vertical. By these methods the authors performed a number
of investigations of the motion of charges in furnaces with
various volumes.
Several conclusions: The various components of the charge of
the blast furnace have various speeds. In the axial part of
the blast furnace the coke and the agglomerate are more raDid-
ly displaced than on the perphery. Of great influence are the
construction of the blast furnace, the cooling system and the
forcing of the blast furnace process. There are 2 figures,
1 table,and 6 references, 5 of which are Slavic.
SUBMITTED: March 12, 1957
Card 2/2

81501
SOV/137-59-9-10629
Translation from. Referativnyy zhurnal, Metallurgiya, 1959, Nr 5, P 166 (USSF)
AUTHOR-',,, Gruzin, P.L., Polikarpov, Yu.A., Fedoroy, G,B., Shumilov, M A.
------------
TITLE! lnvest~gationAnto Carbol~'Wf%wilonjn Alloys With the Use of
the C-14 Radioactive Isotope
PERIOD"r-AL.~ V sb.i Metallurglya i metallovedeniye, Moscow, AS USSR, 1958,
pp 246 - 252
ABSTRACT--; The ait hors Investigated the diffusion of C In ferrite (alloyed
with Ni, Mo, Cr, Mn) Si in auste in
nitel~&Iloyed with 31) and
(alloyed with Cr, Co, Mo). The diffusion coefficient D was deter-
mined by the method of removing the layers and measurinz the
integral radioactivity of the remaining section of he specimen.
Introduction of Si into the ferrite increased the pre-exponential
multiplier Do and also the activation energy Q, The same effect
was exerted by alloying with Ni, while Mo and Cr produced the
greatest effect. Thus if the Mo content was 2,5:~Z, Do Increased
from 0.2 to 20.0 cm2/sec, and Q from 24 6 to 33.5 kcal/g-atom,
Card 1/2 The introduotion of 0.93% Cr gave D = 16,4 =2/sec and Q -

") 15 0 1
SOV/137-59-5--10629
Investigations Into Carbon Diffusion In Alloys With the Use of the C14' Radio-
aotive Isotope
33,6 koal./g-atom, Alloying of nickel with 0.74% and 4.65% Cr, 5,25% Co and
2.94% Mo,, caused in any case an Increase in Q due to t1he stronger bonds cf f"
atoms was in the crystalline lattice of Ni. The same tffect an the C diffusion
In r Fe was produced by an addition of Cr and Mo. The addition of Co reduced
tte value of Q for C diffusion in T'Fe, There was almost no difference in the
rates of C diffusion in Ni and r Pe, At a.11 temperatures, D of C was 1o5 -
1010 times higher than D of the metal. The rates of C difDislosq in the ferrite
and austenite were very different-, This explains some peculiarities in the
process of stepped case-hardening Of steel. The first case-ha-Mening stage is
conducted in the T' -phase range. At the second stage, case-hardening IS con-
ducted in the Q( phase range, aince diffusion takes place at a higher rate,
I,D,
C
;ard 2/2

py't 0'.,
6. ogrjaw-va, L. .'Iruzin, 1. 'I'ex-prolayev aiol D. !ikulinskiy.
Peport preoente,i at ~iisi ;1-11 Atoms-foi-Pf,ace i,e rice, ue,ievi, 9-1"' Sept. 1911.
llr~-!'.IMF ~7

. I. I I I I . I I I I I - 1 7 ! I I - I I ; - I I I I . I ; .
GRUZIN, P. L. (Prof.)
"Employment of Isotopes and Nuclear Radiation in Research and Industry,"
report distributed at the International Seminar on Peaceful Uses of Atomic
Energy, and the Youth, Moscovy Aug 1958.

BABIKOVA, Yu.F.-, GRUZIN, P.L.
Diffunion in nickel-base solid Holqtions. Issl. po zharopr. Rplav.
3:109-112 158. (MIRA 11:11)
(Diffusion) (Solutions. Solid) (Nickel alloys)

SOV/1 ~7
Translation from: Referativnyy zhurnal. Me-a; itirgiya; IQ59, Nr 2, p N8 ~.IJSSR)
AUTHORS: Gruzin, P. L., Babikova, Yu. F_ Yc! V Zems'~~-_ S V,
Pereguil-677N. P., Polikarpo-,.-, Yu. A_ T~rkina. A N Feac-,, G B.,
Shurnilov, M. A,
TITLE: St.Lidy of the Mobility of Carbon Atunis Ln Steei and Allo% Lf,v~,u
Isotope (Izucheniye po&-izhnost.i a-cmo% ugleroda ~., st a s pa ail h
pri pomoshchi izotopa C14 )
PERIODICA-L: Sb. tr. In-t metallcved. i fiz, meta'!--, Tsen~r, :,I -a C he rnoy
metallurgii, 1958, Vol 5, pp ~27
ABSTRACT: The authars examine me~hoos i (,- stigating the C, i i -Si'_: -!'e c
Ni a -) d s o rr. e e
trolytic transfer, and distrib,il on ot C Fe
alloys- Data were obtained by the direci (au,:orad-,,ograpIti~c) rnetnod
on the effect. of Cr, Ni, Mo. and Si on the diffusio- ef C in ferri-,e-, N; -
ide-
and Si have appreciably less effect on the d'.ffusior. of C t~-.an -'he carl';
forming Cr and Mo. It was established hat the dif!usic- ni('~ii:,v
level changes very little when the Fe ard Ni are highiv a2;rjN-ed; ;' is
displaced only when another base is used. as f happer-5 in Fe Gr a-cl
Card 1/2 under these conditions Lhe rnobility le,:cl of C approache," 0--i, of ~'-,

SOVrI37-50-21 4054
Study of the Mobility of Carbon Atoms in Steel and Alloys Using GH Isotope
alloying elements. It was experimentally verified that the C in Fe and Ni is in tl-.e
cation state. It was established that the cation charge car. change depending upo-
0
the character of the alloying element. Bibliography: 27 references.
M, G.
Card Zl~,

SOV/ 137-58-8- 1 1~j757
Translation frorn: Referativnyy zhurnal, Metallurgiya, 1958, Nr 8, p 75 (USSR)
AUTHORS: Gruzin, P.L., Zemskiy, S.V., Tyutyunnik, A.D.
TITLE: Diffusion in Titanium and Alloys Based Thereon and the Sint-
ering Process (Diffuziya v titane i splaL.,akh na yego osnove i
protsess spekaniya)
PERIODICAL: Sb. tr. In-t metalloved. i fiz. metallov Tsentr. n.-i. in-ta
chernoy metallurgii, 1958, Vol 5, pp 366-382
45
ABSTRACT: Processes of diffusion in powder Ti (porosity