SCIENTIFIC ABSTRACT KACHANOV, N.N. - KACHANOVA, N.A.

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: Scientific Abstracts
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP86-00513R000519810019-7
• Release Decision: RIF
• Original Classification: S
• Document Page Count: 100
• Document Creation Date: November 2, 2016
• Document Release Date: July 19, 2001
• Sequence Number: 19
• Publication Date: December 31, 1967
• Content Type: SCIENTIFIC ABSTRACT

MIRKIN, L.I., Inzh.; XACRAMY, 14Y., kand.tnkhn.nauk; Ut-tivHSKIT, U.S.,
doktor tekhn.nFUR, pror.
Iffect of high temperature heat treatment on the fine crystalline
structure of steel. Izv. vys. ucbeb. zav.; chern.mate noe7:133-
156 J1 158. (WRA ll.-IO)
1. Moskovskiy inatitut ntnll.
(Steel--Heat treatment) (Metallography)

PON I BW W/3987
Kacbuwvp Nilmlay Nibolayevie% ad Ley Usifevich Xjr",m
as =ktarW =&Uy, /WUkdst4j"/; prekticbesi .rys rWwrodstvo,
-RW AWIPiS /of Pb]Vryot&U/j Inuftook) Uncovp NPjb4zj JF4
XMtA MIIP 1nmerted. %0DO.ealles. printed, 60. 215
2wivuert T.Go QWt46WAW# MogjM10k) U.t, ~V.6. lWattsmitS, Candidate of Technical
Belowea; Zd. of ftblimbing Ilegae z T.T. ftUminstlys, Znglneorl Tich W__ Ide':
AJO Vromm; A no . for - Literatmire . an 11stal: Worktag ad Inatment
(imaiiis), T.T. RIUmIuskly.,
This book In Intended for persmel in varims types of mtanurec&l
plant laboratories$, and my be useful to persons in scientific research in-
stitutes and speciallsti In related fields.
COT~t Mda toodbook coutaim practical Inforimation an pmeftm in taking)
p"cossim, and, lutergratift is and m the application of Y.-roy
=0617018 U varlam prabIsm In mt&Uwa. Data on preparing specimns an&
aslactlM the V" of-amrs, ftr tWd r0entpnogromm am given, Metlwd of

S/02Y6O/OOO/OiO/OO6/O2O
B013 B063
AUTHORs Xachanov, N. N.
TITLEt Standard for the Temperability of Bearing Steel
PERIODICAL: Standartizatsiya, 1960,ANO. 10, pp. 28 - 31
TEXTz This is a report on the elaboration of a standard for the
temperability of bearing steel, which has become necessary because the
automation of the heat treatment of bearings was complicated on account of
the varying temperability of steel. An investigation carried out at the
Matematicheskiy institut AN SSSR im. Steklova (Institute of Mathematics of
the AS USSR imeni Steklov) (Ref. 2) has shown that a standard can be worked
out with 140-150 specimens melted at different plants at different times.
150 specimens supplied by the Izhevskiy metallurgicheakiy zavod (Izhevsk
Metallurgical Plant , Chelyabinskiy metallurgicheskiy zavod (Chelyabin-sk
IEISLIurgiF=Piant~, and zavod Dneprospetsetall (Dneprospetsstall Plant)
were examined (Figs. I and 2). Relations were esta0ished between the
dimensions of bearing parts (rollers and rings) and the temperability of
steel (Fig- 3), and between the tempering depth of steel on its
Card 1/2

Standard for the Temperability of Bearing S/028/6O/OOO/OiO/OO6/O20
Steel B013/B063
temperability for constant cross sections of rollers and rings (Fig. 4).
On the strength of calculations basing on experimental data, a depth of
6-5 mm is recommended as a standard for the temperability of steel, The
diagram of Fig. 2 shows that the theoretical amount of scrap can reach
20% with a temperability of 6-5 mm. On the average it is, however, 12%
(Fig- 5). The highest amount was found at the Dneprospetestall Plant (2',-v%)
and the lowest (7-8%) at the metallurgical plants of Izhevsk and
Chelyabinsk. As the introduction of the new standard proved to be very
difficult, the author recommends a tvo-stage introduction. A. V. KutaX
and Kh. B. Kordonakiyare mentioned. There are 5 figures and 6 Soviet
references.
Card 2/2

KAGHANOV, R.N.; SPRISHITSKIT. A.I.1 MSIN, G.A.; BERNSIITM, ILIP.-
What abould a nodern astallographic microscope be WWI
Zav.lab. 26 no.6-.770-773 '60- (KIRA 13:7)
1. IlLuchm-iseledovatel'skly i ekiparinentaltzWy inatitut
podshlpniko,roy proaWshlenwatt (for Uohanov and Sprishav-
skly)e 2, WentrallaWa zavodekWa laborstoriya Zlatoustoy-
vkDxo, astallurglobeekago sayodoL tuani I.T.Staliza (for
Ilhasin)e -3e MoslcoTakly Institut @tall In. LVAtalina
(fue Bernahteyn)e
(Microscope)

S/028/61/000/001/001/005
B020054
AUTHORi Xachanovs 1, 1.
TITLEt Determination of hardenability of steel by end hardening
PERIODICALs Standartizatsiya, no. 1, 1961j 22-25
TEM Conditions and methods of determining the hardenability of steel
are specified in roCr5657-51 (GOST 5657-5l)- Experiencel however, has
shown that this standard should be improved since the prescribed holding
time of specimens at the hardening temperature takes no account of dif-
ferences in their chemical coiapositiono The same holding time is provided
for both carbon and alloy steels. Pigs- 1-4 show curves of hardenability
for four steel types with different contents of carbon and alloying
elements# which were obtained as a function of holding time at hardening
temperature. The steel types 20X2H4A (20Xh2N4A), 40Y, (40Kh)9 W-49
(ShKhq), and WY,15 (ShKh15) are ordered by increasing content of carbides.
The diagrams given show that the effect of holding time at hardening
temperature on the hardenability of steel is the greater, the more carbon
and alloying elements the steel contains. In steels with a carbon content
Card 1/6

S/028/61/000/001/001/005
Determination of hardenability oso B021 B054
below 0-45%, the effect of holding time need not be taken into account,
which, however, is not true for steels of the grades LUX9 (ShKh9) and
LUX,15 (ShKMO, as can be seen from Figs* 3 and 4. The methods of in-
vestigation should yield comparable results. This is, however, not con-
sidered in Table 2 of GOST 5657-51. A holding time of 30 min is re-
commended for specimens 25 and 20 ma in diameter, which however, results
in different hardenability. Fig- 5 shows diagrams of hardenability for
two speu:mens with diameters of 25 mm (Curve 1) and 20 ma (Curves 2 and 3)
which both were made of the same steel bar of the ShKh15 grade. After
30 min holding time, the specimen with the smaller diameter showed higher
hardenability. At different holding times (diameter 25 mm, 30 min,
diameter 20-mmt 24 min), hardenability was the same. This is especially
noticeable in steels with a content of more than 0-5-0-6% of carbon and
carbide-forming alloying elements, According to COST 5657-51, muffle
furnaces are approved to heat specimens with a content of less than 0-45%
of carbon. For steels with a higher carbon content, only ohamber furnaces
should be used which also have a larger working room and a more uniform
temperature. According to COST 5657-51, specimens are 100 mm longv no
tolerance being indicated. Therefore, specimens may be between 97.5
Card 2/ 6

5/0213/61/000/001/001/005
Determination of hardeziability 0 B020054
-and 102.5 mm,- or between. 1100 and 105 or be.tween 95 and 100 mm long
according to existing 8tandardsp which may lead to incorrect results con-
cerning the.hirdenability of. steel. Experience made by the Vseso~uznyy
nauchno-issledovatellskiy~i konstruktorsko-tekhnologicheskiy institut
podshipnikovoy promyshlennosti (All-Union Scientific Research, Design and
Technological Institute of the Bearing Industry) showed that the measure--
M
ent of hardened specimens in the apparatus recommended'by GOST'5657-51
gave reducedresults and a noticeable dispersione Pig. 6 shows two curves,
of hardenability for the same specimen of U;,\15CP ShXhl5SG) steel ob-
tained with the apparatus (Curve 1) and without it Curve 2). The use of
the apparatus' reduces the hardenability. There -ar& 6 figures.
Card 3/6
0.

S/028/61/000/001/001/005
Determination of hardenabilitY B021/BO54

60

58
-- 56
S2

3S

4
5 75 1095.10 195 IN I N M KM is 0 75 0 J9 5 to 41 3 A UM ?VA OwM,,r
,
Paccawnue OM cuaAkettoov MOM
Legend to Fig. 31 Hardenability of ShKhq steel at different hold'ing times.
1: 30 min; 23 50 min;*3: 160 min;
Legend to Fig. 0 Hardenability of- ShKh 15 steel at different holding
times. 1: 30 min; 2t 50~min; 31 160 min.
Gard.5/6

S10281611000100110011005
Datenmination of hardenability-tv.

PC

Sir 5t -

#L7
is

4 + H

0 , 0 V 145 12 5: 145 / Z AW n?n?o M y .0 0 15 0 73 to LIS 10 W A 0 n o iv v 40 A""
pacrwpue OM 0.040kemm MOPq'I I] P'2rCWxINP &M &.-MbEM&V MIPO tl
Legend-to Fig. 5; Vardenability of' ShKh15 steel determined under different
conditions. 1: specimen diameter 25 mm, holding time 30 min;
2: specimen diameter 20 mm, holding time 30 min; 3z specimen diameter
20 mm, holding'time 24 min.
Legend to Fig. 61 Hardenability of WAIrCp (ShKhI5SG),ateel. 1i with
the use of the GOST ~apparatuej 21 without GOST apRaratue.
The following holds for all figuress a) hardness, b) distance from the
cooled end, mm.
Card 616
A
~5.

GORODNCIV, Petr Timofeyevich, kand. tekhn. nauk; KOZIDVSKlYs L-9-P
kand. tekhn. nauk, reteenzent; jKFW_Vp--N-N-j, kand.
tekhn. nauk,, red.; IMICHMO, I-I-., in2h... red. izd-va;
VIADIMIROVAt L.A.v tekhn. red.
[Increasing the heat resistance of steel parts bY alitizing)
Povyshenie zharoatoikosti stallrykh isdelil matodom altiro-
vaniia. Moskwa3, Mashgizp 1962. 109 P. (MIU 15:2)
(Steel, Heat-resistant) (Aluminum coating)

S/129/62/000/002/001/014
Elll/E435
AUTHOR: Kachan Caniidate of Technical Sciences
s9x-_~
TITLE., Hardenability of bearing steel
PERIODICAL: Metallovedeniye i tormicheakaya obrabotka metallov,
no.2, 1962, 7-11
TEXT: Parts of bearings mad* from type W X15 (ShKhl5) steel
cannot always be hardened to RC 61, particularly steel melted at
the "Dneprospetastall" and "Serp i molot" works which is likely to
show unsatisfactory hardenability. Therefore, the author has
studied the influence of process factors on the hardenability of
annealed ShKhl5 steel from 150 heats produced at various steelworks.
The chemical composition, structure and hardness of all steel
tested conformed to ro(:T 801-47 (GOST 801-47). Hardenability
was determined by the standard end-quench method and also from
ordinary oil-quenching data. The hardenability criterion was the
distance from the cooled surface to the layer having a hardness of
61 RC. Statistical treatment of the results showed the
following weighted mean values: 7.8 mm for the Chelyabinsk work S
7.7 mm for Izhevsk; 7.3 mm for t'Dneprospetsatall" and 6.5 mm for
Card 1/3

S/129/62/000/002/001/ol4
Hardenability of bearing steel E11l/E435
'tElektrostall". The weighted mean for all works was 7.5 mm.
Some heats at the Zlatoust works also showed,low hardenability.
To find the reason for the greatly decreased hardenability of some
heats the nature of carbide distribution in the structure of steel
in its initial state was studied. Tho distribution curves were
drawn from examination of structure at a magnification of 8500.
It appears that the main effect on hardenability was produced'by
carbide particles under 0.6 microns in size; the effect rises with
decreasing particle size and increase in their relative amount.
Thus, annealing conditions can significantly affect hardenability
which is itself correlated with hardness in the case of hyper-
eutectoid steels. The author concludes that those steels should
have the highest hardenability whose hardness in the annealed'state
Is highest; this was experimentally confirmed. The grain-
refining effect of aluminium might be expected to lead to a
reduction in hardenability with rising aluminium usage for
deoxidation but the author has shown that this does not occur over
the range 0.22 to 1 kg/ton. This is probably due to the fact that
under steel production conditions the grain size does not change
Card 2/3

S/129/62/000/002/001/014
Hardenability of bearing steel Eiii/E435
greatly over this aluminium-usage rangel similar results were
obtained when 1.5 to 2 kg aluminium/ton steel was introduced into
the test steels~ There are 6 figures and 2 tables.
ASSOCIATIONz VNII Podshipnikovoy promyshlennosti
(VNII of the Bearings Industry)
Card 3/3

f 8/129/62/000/012/004/013'
B073/9351
~.j
.:AUTHOR: Xachanov,.N.N., Candidate pf Techi~,4cal Sciences
iTITLE: ~~nfluenoo of some factors onthe hardenability of
the steel (ShKh15Y
~PERIODICAL: Metallovedeniyo i't'armichaskaya obrabotka metallov,"
no* 12, 1962, 15 -'20.
!TEXT: Investigations on the heat duration of 243 heats, of
'which 105 were teemed into ingots weighing 2 000 kg, the remainder
"into ingots weighing 3 050 - 31080 kgjj have shown that the harden--'
ability,of steel ShKh15 does not depend ork the duration of the
.refining period* The hardenability increases with increasing
refining time for 2 000-kg ingots and decee'ases with increase of
refining time for 3 050-1c8 ingotso The reasons for this should be
nnalxmia on rods of 42 mm
.diameter
mide by rolling the 'ingots, has.ahown that the weight of
the ingot and, consequently, the degree~,of reduction during
rolling, haie an important effect on the hardenability of the ballL-,
bearing steel investigated. Electron-microacopic studies lead to
,the assumption that one of the causes of unfivourable distribution '4
-Card, 1/2..

s/148/62/000/007/002/005
E071/E183
AUTHORS: Baranov, I.A., Oyka, G.N., Ansheles, I.I.*
:'onomareva, Ye.P., and Kachanov, N.N.
TITLE: Vacuum treated silicon:Tree 'ball-bearini-i-feel
PERIODICAL: Izvestiya vysshi~h uchebnykh zavedeniy,
Chernaya metallurgiya, n0-7, 1962, 78-85
TEXT: In an attempt to improve the purity of ball-bearing
11 teel, the possibility of modifying the usual deoxidising practice
(vacuum treatment in the ladle and addition of 6 kg/t of ferro-
silicon and 16o g/t of aluminium) was investigated. Four hea 'ts of
Silicon-free ball-bearing steel were made in a 1-6-t electric
furnace and teemed into 4-t ingots. At the end of the vacuum
treatment [Abstractor's note: no details given"]
undeoxidised metal was 'passed for teeming. In two heats
60-100 g/t of aluminium was added to the funnel. In the remaining
two heats, aluminium was added to the ingot.mould; of these two
ingots one was deoxidised and the other - teemed througb the same
syphon - was not dooxidised. The remaining metal from these two
heats (not deoxidised either with silicon or aluminium) was top
Card 1/2

Vacuum treated silicon-free ... s/148/62/000/007/002/005
E071/E183
poured; one ingot under vacuum Ord ingot) and one in air (4th
ingot). From each ingot samples of rolled square (78 nun) were
taken at a distance of 16, 30, 62 and 97-51a from the top; some
specimens of the finished product (14-27 mm round) were also
investigated. The results of the metallographic studies confirmed
the data on the total amount of inclusions in steel, determined by
the electrolytic dissolution of 3-5 specimens from each ingot.
In steel produced by the usual method (deoxidation in the ladle and
vacuum treatment) the amount of inclusions was 0.0026 wt.%,; in
silicon-free steel deoxidised on teeming in the funnel 0.0031 wt-6je;
deoxidised in the mould 0.0083 wt.Yo; and top poured under vacuum
0*0048 wt.%,. The smallest amount of oxide inclusions was in steel
teemed under vacuum without deoxidation. In all silicon-free heats
the amount of globular inclusions was smaller than in the normal
heats. Undeoxidised, bottom-poured steal had more impuritiev than
top-poured steal. There are 3 figures and 2 tables.
ASSOCIATION; Moskovskiy institut stali i splavov
(Moscow Institute of Steel and Alloys)
Card 2/2

9ACHAROV, N N kand.tekhn,nauk
affect of certain factors on the hw--4paability of ShKb'5 steel.
Metalloved. i term. obr. mt. no.12815-20 T) #62. (KM 16s1)
1. Nauchno-issledowatellskLy konstruktorskii-tokhiologichookiy
in~tltut podshipnikovoy promysIaennosti,
(Steel-Hardening)
jv~

L 7"
ntl . k~-- - -I - ~ ; 1, 2v , i
'i 0 v
-i. konstmukt .-tekhTlOl. in-ta poc
-,;P C TA G~' t
'n t ul tf t f, 11(i ~e!
71. -r
rm li n ul c-ut-ve TelTip-T-1.
t2 CW-U!Mcraturv rempprincir mAN;
- =~ -~r
ol~ ---lit wn e
thf f-l-se- 1-11 "-., rtensite zonePf rot- ont-
t --)rc. vi fu-, s ta te-,,er, t-S tha t low- to-n-ij, -r,.i 1,Arf- t
I Mr:
r)c,,-, a sat iq rac torv cri for in tt
Ccrn

L 6669-65
Ph, ~m
I &P(q)/FWP(b) IJP(c) MJWIJD
Ac=ir-v NR., ARW36o13 s/b276/64/ooo/oo3/Gooq!rxoq
SOURCE! Ref, zh. Tekhnol. m"hinostr. Sv. t., Abe. 3044
AUMOR, Sa&oalko, 1. H.; PcheDdw-t V. I.I.; Laposhko, A. D.;
!~Ik:s, G. A.; 108, 1. 1.
MM- I-rhe qxvillty and V3 rties cf al-%Ican-fres bearing steel
0
GIM) SOLM: Tr. Vaes. u.--L. kctwtrukt.-tekbnoI. in-ta podshilnik. pr.cm-atl)
no. 1(33), 1963, 54-W
4
TCFIC TNW-. ShKhI5 'atee1j. siAicon free steel, higb purity steel, bearing steel
instrument bearing sta-el,, stainless steel
TRANSIMCF: An inff~strial method has been dm1oped for naking ShKhl5 bearing
ateel, -which does not ccntain silicon, vaking it possible to obtain metal vith a
smaller content af nonmetallic incluBionE than is possible vith ordlnza7 st4--el-
making metbcdB. Sillccn-free SbKhl5 Steel can be used for making Instrument
bearinV and is recomended as on initial. material for electroslag remelting.
The har%lenabillty and azines-lability of sillcon-free steel frcn the heats that
Card 1/2

L 6669-65
A=wm xR: ARW36m
were tested ven Imy tbgn in the eme of SM15 steel pro&ueed by emventicnal
methodB. The contact resistance =d stremgth propertiae, ftceyt for tcaraicnal
strength, of silicon-frea steel Matched. those of Whl'; steel prodii~-eO. 'ny - I-
venticne.1- ctethodz. The carruvion reslptmce In a 'N~ solution of 4nc! of .1111cm,
rme ShM15 Otabl van ammehat higher then that of SbLM%15 'ateel Vroduce-8 b.y
omrentional -mpth---IB, A 4Lmwb=-,&1 of the x*v imduatriw wooess is tb-- 1mtA-
bi.Uty 1Af pz-ity cC tb* MLV215 stnl viVA reopmb to nanobtaMe 1"Isjolms,
A--
SUB CODS: M. ML: 00
Card 212

L nih'~_-be -Mfln-r(r) /T b) IM (d !tUMI WN t N
__ _'? I
SOURCE: Ref. zh. Mashinostr. mat., konstr. i raschet detal. mash. Otd.
vy*p., Abt. 5.48.Z60
r-ac
TITLE., Causea and cha i tit of -the failure a' working surf ace snearina
elemerts
CITED SOURCE: Tr. Vses. n.-i. konstrukt. -tekhnol. in-ta podshipnik. prom-sti,
no. 3(35), :963, i5-59
TOPIC TAGS: beariri2 surface failure, bearing surface pitting, dislocariora'.
piasuc iiow, structural continuity, residtial austenite, incipient failure
TRANSIATION: The environments and points of possible inception of initial
cracks, a:i vvc il Ias thc causes leading to their development, are discusseid. Re-
sults of studies have shown that incipient fatigue cracks in defect free surfaces
Card

L 22149-65
ACCESSION NR: AR4045076
of beariag roll seats and rings start underneath the surface of contacted parts
The formation of incipient fatigue cracks can occur only within those stress
range limits in which the acting stressee; produce plastic dislocations. Forma-
tionof fatigue cracks is caused by a dislocational process of plastic flow in
micrtwolumes of metal of the contacted itiernents. Accumulation of such dis-
locations in metal rnicrovolumes causes a sharp increase in stresses. These,
n turn, produce local disturbances in structuraL continuity, i. e. re sutt in the
formation oz' cracks and, consequently, in pitting, it can be assurned that,
incipient fatigue cracks will develop firs-, other conditions being equal, in
volu-nes of residual austenite which is always present in the cool-ternpered
_' Caring steel.
I
SUB CODE: IE 00
Card Z/Z
Rft'; ~A
U

VAS-IL'YEVp N.Ye.; VER1aiOVTSEv. E-V.; FWKWRENKOV K.K.; SVISmov, A.M.
. (decended]; KAcHANC)V, N.N.
Improving the quality of ban bearing steel. Izv. vys. ucheb. zav ;
chern. met; 6 no.11S88-92 063, (MIRA 1713;
1. Izhevskiy mekhanicheekly institut,
,.I t:~, ;- -
I .

ACC NR& AR5019274 SOtM MM. 1JR/077/65/ODO/ODT/0009/0009
AVIIHORt Kachawy No fiq ftbelkipap Ve Mq Wz1w, Ab A*
Ora I none
TITLE: Nev brands of superhardenable steel for large-isize beSjMs~l
mateki
SOVR=s Ref. zh. Mashinostroiteltzo" r a3,y konstruktaii I raschet detaley
m"hin. Oldroprivod. OtaelliO7 vypwk, Abe- To48.56
R19F SOURM Tre Vaeat n#-i. konotrukt.-tekhnol. in-ta podahipaik. prom-sti.. no. 2(381
Mii4 TAGS: roller bearing, hardness, Me.44
;fiWIAK~ 2OS& IST AiAl SV, 1(~, 20 S& I i'~ r S I VSG
TRAMIATION: ~ Two new bran BrA ennt ~IelTve been developed for bear-
ings t. The ShXh2CWl5F)WmA't7y -be reccumended for making rings for large bearings
I a
Vith wall -thickneggee 0 0 100 m and for rollers 90 to 120 m in aiamter; brand
00
ShKh2OBGlW_ is good for rings vith 90-50 mm walls and. for rollers 100-140 in diam-
leter. The steel can be recommended for-use In shipbuilding, transportation machine-
building, machine tools, etc., as vell as formanufacturing large parts requiring ver3
bard surfaces. It was established that the hardenability, determined by the calcula-
tion method., is appmimately 36#0 = for brand ShRb2OSGM, and 51.0 for brand
5hKhW8g1W- In steals vhlah.vere experimentaUl smelted at a hardening of 84o9p
"ard 1L2 tw: CA2.14-oi&24

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KACIIANOV, Ilikolay Nikolayevich
I
(Hardenability of steel] Prokalivaemost? stali. Moskva,
Izd-vo "Netallurglia," 1964. '250 P. (MIRA 17:7)

4"W-6~ IiWT(.-,, Vr~i'-.' I-, It WV'Tziiai'~ t ~~LTI/EUP~ kIJIU) JDAV/Hf)/DJ/JXr ( CZ)
ACC. NRs AT6021689 (A SOURCE CODE: UR/32l8/63/O00/oo3jou45/oo59
Kachanov N.-"R
AUTAOR. andidate of technical sciences)
ORG: None+-
V
TITLE-. Fatigue of bearing Part-vorking surfaces
S&MCE; -Moscow. Vaesoyuznyy nauchno-iosledovatel'skiX konstruktorsko-tekhnologicheakiyI
institut podshipnikovoy promyshlennosti. Trudy. no. 305). i9~-Sv 45-59
TAGS: high temperature fatigue, bearing material, plastic deformation, crack
;ation, sustenite, durability
RACT: The author studies conditions and/
es of origin of primary, fatigue cracks.~
study is based on the widely accepted
ry of maximum tangential stresses and is
ly concerned with bearing part surfaces.
results of the study show that for cases
,e defects do not exi on the fixed sur-
a of roller bearingskInd rings, primary
.gue cracks originate under the contacting
aces. Primary fatigue cracks can form
0

L A0200-66
AC! NRs Ama7889 17L
only within the zone where operational stresses produce plastic i~efQ=t;Lgn! The pro-
bability of forming primary microcracks in zone I (Bee figure) Is greater than for zone
II and still greater for zone III. The mai re:aon for fatigue crack formation is --
Plastic deformation in the microspaces Ofem t&l in contacting bodies. Stress in-
creases sharply as a result of dialocationkiluildup in the microspaces of the metal,
resulting in crack formatiog/and pitting. It can be assumed that primary fatigue
cracks will appear first i spaces of residual austenite which is always present in
lov-tempered bearing steel, all other conditions being equal. Thus residual austenite
in a factor wgich -contributes to the formation of fatigue cracks and consequently re-
duces bearing durability Orig. art. has: 9 figures.
SUB CODEi 1l/ SUBM DATE: none/ ORIG REF. 023/ OTH REF: 015
Card 2/2 Jr

ORESHIN, M.j inzh.; XACWOV, p., inzh.
RvIra-I bUildings made of reinforced concrete elements.
Sell. stroi. no.10:7-9 0 162, (MIRA 15;11)
(Farm buildings)
(Precast oonorate construction)
M.

momsm, A., Insh.1 KAIMANNI.Ep Imhe
MobUe plmt for larpb-~ mpwt~tbmm oonstrouano
ZhIl. stml.. ne.1931 664. 18111)

z
ml
Selection of the prA*ncipIF-- of naeavurement
measurimg apparatus. Cerliz. prib. nv.r7:91,-105 1617
~~.ATP-4 17:12)
1. Laning.-adskiy ordena. Lellina I ordene. TrudU'llcgc Krllzmcgo Znameni
gorr,yy instltut, Imani G.V. Plel,~iano;a.

ORESHIN, M.A., `.nzho
Methods of impro-ring lu-he use of cranes in agricultural
construction. Mokh. stroi. 20 no.8t$-S Ag 163.
(MIRA 16:11)
lmp~

-~z
ACC NR, Ap6oi1523 SOURCE CODE: tM/0382/66/000/001/0142/03.45-
AUTHOR: Kachanov, P. V.
ORG: none
TITI& Unsaturated O-shaped magnetic system vith two excitation vin4nga for
pagnetohyArodynmic~ g2nerators Z/
SOURCE: Magnituaya gidrodinamike, no, 1p lWp 142-145
TOPIC TAGS: magnetic structure, magnotohydrodynanies, magnetic field, magnetic
core,. M generator, magnetic system
ABSTRACT: This paper deals vith:an O-ah aped magnetic system with an unsaturated
core for strong and uniform magnetic fields, I It is shown Th-at the strong magnetic
field in square grooves can be obtained if-the distribution of the current layer
along the perimeter is homogeneous and the core Is unsaturated. Orig. art has:
6 figures ana 16 for=las. (Based on wthorle abstract] I?*]
SUB CODE: 20/ SIMM DUE: 2
3Bep65/ OHIO MW: C*2/ Mff REP.
CaM .1/1 tMe: 621.3.044.5-538.4

KALCHANOV, V.A.; KRILLOVA, Ye.P.
Dast from grinding as a secondary raw material. Kauch. i res. 16
no.7:35-r37 Jl 157. (WRA-10:10)
1.Yaroslavskly zavod asbotakhnichookikh izdoliy i ?Sentrallnaya
nauchno-Iseledovatel'skaya laboratorlys asbotekhnichookikh isdeliy,
(Asbestos) (Brakes)

KACHANOV. V.A.
Cell for measuring the activity of beta emitters in volatile
media. Zav. lab. 30 no.9s1147-1148 164. (MIRA, 180)
1. Severodonetakiy filial Goeudarstvennogo instituta azotnoy
promyshlennosti.

KlICILAINOV, V.A,
Radiometric study of chlorine distribution between liquid
and gaseous phases in concentrated nitric acid. Zhur. anal.
khim.. 20 no.6;751-752 165. (MIRA 18:7)
1, Severodonetakiy filial GosudarsWunriogo nnuchno-issledovatell-
skogo 1)royaktn)go instituta azotnoy promysbIermosti I orgunicheskogo
sinteza.
Fr.

T, *1'j-"Q_'_-6t% -, I r" ~'! i ~ " " M-,-- I) j., N' i 4P -..,r ~Ih4a-~
ACC-M-'"6015292 '.(N) . SOUR.CC CODEs UR/0365/66/002/003/0358/0360
AUTHORi Kuzubs V; S.; Kachanovo V. A. 4 (p
ORGS North Donate Bronchq State Institute of the Nitrogen Industry (Severodonstakly
filialg Gosudars.tvwwqy i"titut asotntvy promyshlennosti)
TITIZ3 Study of the feasibility of anodic protection of stainless $tool In dilute
nitric acid-
SOURCE: Zashchita metallov, v. 2# no. 3, 1966, 338-360
TOPIC TAGS: stainless steel corrosion protection# nitric acid, chloride/WhievAsr
SAW'W~ez -Oeel) Warl SA47"Am z4cel I W%Z1 Auram .6ieck
ABSTRACT: An attemptwas made to det"ine whether anroic protection could be
employed for MUM Xhl7
0and KWNtalnless stselslin 1.5 N HN03 containing from
0.1 to 3 moles NaC1 pei-Iliter. FZ_tentloitatic anodi-epolarisation curves vere plottid
from the spontaneous dissolution potential to more positive values at 50 mV intervals.
It vas found that the introduction of chloride tons up to 0.1 mole/1 has little effect
on the polarization curve; when the Cl- content Increases to 0.3 mole/I, the steady-
state potential of the steel shifts from the region of the passive state to the region
of active dissolution, and as the CV content rises further, pitting corrosion
appears. The activation of the steel in facilitated as the acid concentration
decreases. In the potential range from 40.5 to +0.9 V at all the studied concentra-
tions of Cl- and HN039 the steel Is passive. The high-chromium steel Kh27 is not
1/2 UDCa 620.197.5

1. 39954
ACC NRi AP6015292
activated by Cl- tons up to a concentration of 3 moles of Cl- per liter. Anodic pro-
;action, achieved by keeping 11(hIGN9T steel/at potentials of +700 0 and +800 13V for
48 hr, was found to decrease the corrostcaXlrato by a factor of more than 2000, and Its
use Is therefore recommended. Or1g6 art. hast 3 figures and I table.
SUB CODEt %%1011 SUNK DAM 3ljul63/ ORIC We 004/ RVI 001
card
MORPREIRGIR MOMM:

""VWWWWO 0 0 0 0 0 0 9
4 a
6 0 0 0 0 0 0
Ills XUBSIM IW*000 N.V. 120H MUM ITNAM TURDINS. 0avrilov,
S. M. (Yestaik Mashinostroanist Russia,
1947, No. So. 20-210 Sagra, 01j00 Sept. 19470 as (9), 310),
A lemingrad Wofto bas just completed the weda toot an a
0041 100,0D0 JXo 3,000 rp.m. turbine domiguel for a atom press
of 20276 lb./iq. Lao mW a temperature of 400-5W dog. .. ure
This is claimed to be the only single-shaft turbine in the
a world of this powers speed mW pressure. An a single-unit
design it offers considerable reduction in rpoduction ma-houre
and power station specoa *M 15-17 par cent decrease in estimated
%&A
11,1it-
list
U it A* It
cost@ per M A feature in the design has boon the bladint of
the last low pressure tage. The high-pressure side consists
Of a Curtis wbaele WU:h Is also the regulating staCe. and 11
further high pressure stages. The ldm6-pressuro side In designed
with dual flow and 5 stages. Other features of the design are
the use of welding* speed and sioaal.eration governing (Instead
of governing-based on. apeed-alme)o-an, over-ape" emargemy
S1tAt&4*FkAt tol 144tL10 CLASIWKA two t t,
I 161~ .J. I I V
0 Ole
104
-00
-00
.00
'00
ZOO
zoo
zoo
coo
i Soo
be 0
a 0 0 a a 0 0 a 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

00 governor, and an adjustable load limiting dowtoo which also
00 acts as an underopeod shut-down device. The maximum speed
00 rise Is only 41/2 per mots IM regulating oil pressure has
been raised to 170 lbe/sq. in. as against the usual 110 lb./
Go
*0 sq, in* noth this and the bearing ell are provided from a
gear-4riven pump. and a stean4riven Wup is provided for
starting up. This turbine is designed on the Osub-unit*
prinotple, so that various portions of it can be mployod in
other machines, The eamploto unit weighs 263 tam, the high
00 pressuro rotor 8.6 taw and the low pressure rotor 18.8 tons.

00

00 00

00 00
so 00

GAVRIIOV, S.M., inshener; XORMY, V.I., inshener.
~04 We4p.,
Newly designed blast furnace equipment. Vest.mamho27 no.7:30-32
JI 1479 (Blast furnaces) (mum 9:4)

USSR/Engineering
Turbines, Steam
Aug 48
"New 50,000-kilowatt High-Pressure Steam Turbines Constructed by the Leningrad Metal
Factory Imeni Stalinj" So Me Gavrilov$ V. F6 Kacharov) Engineeraj 1 p
"Vest Hashinostroy" No 8
Describes trubines designed and constructed by Leningrad Metal Factory* Tabulates
characteristics. Sketch showing exterior of turbine appears on cover of journal.
PA 14/49T30

GORSHKOV, I.B., insh.; KACHANOV, V.F., inah.
Scientific technical conference on the manufacture of hoisting
and conveying machinery. Vest.mashinostr. 42 no.7t83-85 Jl
162. (Hoisting machinery) . (ConTeying machinery) (MMk 15:8)

KONOVALGV, V.S.t kand.takhn.nAuk; KACWIC)V V.F.. inzh.
Prospective d6hotrudti6ne of hoisting and transporting machines
for industrial buildiugs of the machine industry. Prom stroi* 41
no.9:46-52 S 163. 5M 16:13.)

3113Y601000101110201023
A054 A029
AUTHORSt Kovalevskaya, Z.V., Candidate of Technical Science, Karandashov,
P.I., Kaohanov, V.P., Engineers
TITLEs Cooling Rate of Thick-Walled Cylindrical Billets
10
PERIODICALt Stal't 1960tANO, 11t PP.IP38-IP41
TEXTs The billets for large-eized thick-walled cylindrical products
can have sufficiently uniform properties crosswise and lengthwise only if they
are hardened thoroughly which depends primarily on the composition of the
metal and on its cooling rate. In order to determine the cooling rate of
billets made of 38XN4M*(38 KhN4XP) type steelf the test products were first
heated up to 850-86000 in a vertical oil furnace and kept there until the
temperature was uniform in the whole arose section of the wall. Cooling was
effected by water, oil and air. Six thermocouples were arranged at 2041000
and 125 mm from the external surface and two at 20 and 30 mm from the inner-
channel. By reference to the teat results the cooling rates for billets with
250 mm inside diameter and 170 mm and 200 mm wall-thickness, respectively, in
the temperature ranges (in OC) 400-375, 375-350, 350-325, 325-300, 300-275 and
275-250 were determined for cooling in water, oil and air. The cooling rate
Card 1/3

S1133J601000101110201023
A054/AO29
Cooling Rate of Thick-Walled Cylindrical Billets
Is, of course, highest in water. 3:n the 325-300oC range for 170 mm wall-
thickness, for instance, the cooling rate in water is 0.21OC/sec, in oil
0.0660C/seo and in air 0.009500/seo. By comparing the cooling curves plotted
for the thick-wallea billets in various cooling media with the results of
ailatometrio and magnetometrio analyses it was possible to determine the tem- V
perature, at which the austenite transformation in the middle of the wall
started. The results for 170~mm and 200 mm thick walls were as followst (in
oc) Air Oil Water
170 mm wall-thickness 360 320 285
200 mm wall-thickness 390 340 .325
With the aid of the corrected version of K.K.Klaptsov's nomogram (Ref.1) it is
possible to define the time required for cooling in water to a given tempera-
ture tho middle part of the wall (170-200 mm thick) of cylindrical billets
made of 38 KhN3MF and 38KhN4MF type steels. For a wall-thiokness of 200 mm it
takes 37 minutes, for 170 mm 27.5 minutes to oool down to 300OCp according
to the Klaptsov nomogram. The cooling time in oil and air can be defined only
Card 2/3

Cooling Rate of Thick-Walled Cylindrical Billets S/133/60/000/011/020/023
A054/AO29
experimentally-. The great difference in temperature between the external
surface and the middle part of the wall at tempering indicates that in order
to obtain a temperature of about 3000C in the middle part of the wall
required for the decomposition of austenite in the 38KhN4XF type steelst a
very thorough re-cooling of the surface zone to about 2000C is necessary. In
addition to the above-mentioned factors allowance should be made for the
weight of the charge in calculating the durAtion of heat treatment. The
Klaptsoy nomogram is discussed in Metallurg , 1932, No. 10-11. There are 8
figures, 1 table and 1 Soviet reference.
Card 3/3

V.R
TAROTOT, A*A.
5m wthod of using photosensitive emulsions. Arkh. &net. gist. I
mbr. 31 no.4t63-65 O-D 154. (MM 8:2)
1.1s NovasIbIrskago nauchno-Iseledavatellakoga Institute, voestano-
vitellmy khtrargil I ortopedil (dir. dotment D.P.Motalkin)
(PRDTOIRAMS.
photosensitive samlelow In hIstole)
(NISTQL4)GIY,
photosensitive saralslons In)

USSR Human and Animal morphology (Normal and Path- S-2
ological). Methods and,Apparatus.
Abs Jour: Ref Zhur-BiOle'l- No, 17 t -.1958, 78993.
Author Kachajl~ ViR.,, 'Yarov.oy, 'Ai, A.
Inst given.
Title On'the-Probl6m of'the~Pos8ibility of the-Study
of'Oxidation-;Reddotion Potentials on Light-Sen-
sitive Eftuistojio.-
Orig Pub: V.~~sb~:.Vopr.~ tz~64dat6li,j ortopedii i vosstanovit.
khirurgii.'-`~, Novosibirsk, 1957, 253-255.
s:given of the processes which
Abstract: An explanationl'
occur with the contact method of photographing
organs and tissues (exposure in tests 30 min-
utes). Good photographs can be obtained from
sections of the liver, the kidney, adrenal gland,
from the surface of the stomach and spleen.
Some tissuesi for example the skin, do not react
Card 1/2
. . . . . . . . . . .

BOV/129-58-11-2/13
-AUTEORS: Geller, Yu. A., Doctor of Technical ScienceS
.,,Professor,,and
Kachanov, V. S. EAgineer
rties and Heat Treatment of New Htgh Speed
u0tur
TITILE: ~"t r svoystva i termicheskaya obrabotka
0~els (St a.
ykh bysi. hushchikh staley)
PMIODICAL: Metallovedeniye i 0brabotka Metallov, 1958, Nr 11,
pp'6_19 (USSR)
ABSTRACT: A considerable improvement in the cutting properties of
high speed steels can be achieved by adding cobalt or up
to 4-.5% vanadium. During recent years numerous such high
speed steels have been developed and in Table 1 the analyses
are given of the main grades of such steels in the -U.S.S.R.
and the U.S.A. Numerous such new steels have passed
laboratory and.industrial tests but.so-.far are not being
used on a large enough scale; the best and optimum
conditions have . so far not been determined and it has not
bben-bstablished for which tools the individual steels are
most suitable. To some extent this is ex~latned by the
fact that the new high speed.steels are more difficult to
grind:and machine than ordinary high speed steels. High
vanadium content steels contain a-greater quantity of VC
which have a hardness of about 1900 H as compared to about
Card 1/7 1400 H V for complex carbides of tungsTen. This increases

SOV/129-58-11-2/13
Structure,-Properties and Heat Treatment of New High Speed Steels
the resistance to wear but reduces grindability. Furthermore,
an increase in the V content is effective only in the case
of simultaneously increasing the carbon content and,
therefore eels containing 4 to 5% vanadium should contain
1.3 to ljW'tar~p which brings about a lowering in the
malleabi ity and-rthe mechanical properties. Introduction
of cobalt improves the heat resistance proportionately with
the increase in the cobalt content up to 18-20%. However,
it also lowers the mechanical properties the more the higher
the Co content of the steel. For these reasons these new
steels have to be thoroughly investigated and heat treatment
regimes have to be worked out which,ensure a better
combination of the heat resistance and of the mechanical
properties. It is of great importance to verify the
properties of industrial heats and not of laboratory heats.
Therefore, the authors selected for investigation four
steels from melts produced by Elektrostall which were
supplied in the form of rolled strips of 15 x 35 mm; the
chemical compositions of these steels are:
R18 - 0 72% C 18 30% W1 4.12% Cr, 1.27% V1
Card 2/7 RK10'- 6.81% 61 19.68% W, 4.19% Cr, 1.28% V,9.71% CO,0-19% MO;

SOV/129-58-11-2/13
Structure Properties and Heat Treatment of New High Speed Steels
RK15 - 0.77% C9 18.44% W? 4.09% Cri 1.30% V,14.65% Co,0.60%
Mo;
RlOF5K5 (E1931) - 1.45% 01 10.82% W$ 4.01% Cr, 4,46% V1
5.05% Co.
One of these was the stainless steel R18 which was
investigated for the purpose of comparison. The steel
RK15 was investigated for the purpose of determining
whether it is advisable to improve the heat resistance by
increasing the cobe1t content above the limits which are
usually applicable to cobalt steels. The hardness and the
strength of the investigated steels in the as-delivered
state are entered in Table 3. The subject matter is
dealt with under the following paragraph headings: influence
of hardening conditions on the properties of the steel;
residual austenite; influence of tempering conditions oil
the properties of the steel. The obtained results are
described and discussed in some detail and are also entered
in graphs. In the conclusions the author silmmariseB his
results thus:
1. The fundamental properties were investigated of the
Card 3/7 following main types of-characteristic new high performance

SOV/129-58-11-2/13
.Structure, Properties and Heat Treatment of Now High Speed Steels
high speed stools: MaO, RK15 and RlOP515! furthermore,
the heat treatment redlims were determined-which-permit
obtaining a better combination of properties.,
2. Cobalt and high vadidium high speed,steels'have a
considerably higher (1-5 to 2 times) heat resistance than
the standard.18oviet hith speed steels R18 and R9. However,
their mechanical properties are lesa favourabie thanAhose
of the standard steelC Therefore, cobalt and high
vanadium-steels (over 3% V), are unsuitable for cuttIng pro-
C08808. involving dynasiie regimes and for shaped tools !-
with a thla'autting..edge, Steels of this type can be used
for machi-4n materials which ape difficult to machine I
(including-austenitic alloys);,Uowever, the cutting tools
must bc of.,',relatively iinple, a81
rease-inthe Co co,nteAl.partioularly above 10%,
reduces appr6ciab,ly thi strength and increases brittleness
due to separatin4;.out of inter-setallic compounds during-
the timpering, In spite of th* fact.that the heat
resistance is-higher than for other stools, steel with
15% Co is not rooommeAded for practical use or for-
Card 4/7exte'zisive workshop tests due to the very low mechanical

BOV/129-58-11-2/13
Structure, Properties'and Beat Treatment of New High Speed, Steele
properties of such Steels.
4. Alloying-ofihigh speed stools with Co-Ao9s not change
the conditions of dissolution of carbides in the case of
high temperature heating since the cobalt is pro sent -mainly
in the.solid-solution M not in the carbides. The cobalt
-Ancreasoithi quantity of the residual austenite in the
hardened steel but does not increase its stability against
tempering. For cobalt stools it is advisable to apply the
same number of tempering operations as for similar cobalt-
free Steele.
5-~It was shown in earlier work of the author (Rafe 4 and 5)
that the steels with a high vanadium content differ as
regards the conditions of dissolution of carbides during
heating from other high'speed stools. For adequate
saturation of the solid solution of high vanadium steels
it in necessary to ensure during heating dissolution not
only of a part of the complex tungsten carbides.(which is
the case for other steels).but to also dissolve a part of
-the vanadium,carbifts. Passing into solution of these more
table carbides is not completed during-the he 4 -_ time
Card 5/7 usually applied-for hardening high-speed steelstm proceeds
~M

SOVIle- -58-11-2/13
29
Structure, Properties and Heat Treatment of New High Speed Steels
for a longer time. Increase of the heating time to double
(to 20 sees per 1 mm dia.) for steels containing 4 to 5% V
ensures a higher heat resistance, see Fig.11.
6. In contrast to cobalt and standard high speed steels,
high vanadium steels have a more stable residual
austenite due to a larger concentration in it of carbon.
This involves an additional tempering operation, a fourth,
at 560 to 57000-
7. If the conditions enumerated in 5 and 6 are fulfilled,
high vanadium steels with 5% Co will have a heat resistance
equal to the higher alloyed steel with 18% W and 10% Co
and will have somewhat better mechanical properties than
the latter. Furthermore high vanadium steels are
superior to steels containing 10 and 15% Co as regards
hardness and machineability in the annealed s8ate.
8. Use of the hardening temperature 1285-1295 C is
recomm nded with a 4eating time of 6 to 7 see/mit for the
steel RK10 and 1260 0 with a heating time of 20 see/mm
for the steel RlOF5K5-
9. Wempering of cobalt and high vanadium steels at 560 to
card rOl? 570 0 brings about an increase in the hardness to 67-68 RG;

SOV/129-58-11-2/13
Structure, Properties and Heat Treatment of New High Speed Steels
the hardness will ~e only 63-64 R is the tempering
temperature is 600 C. Howev8r, ;R increase of the
tempering temperature to 600 C does not improve the strength
although it intensifies the separating out of finely
dispersed particles. For the steel R1OF5K5 it isomore
advisable to apply tempering four times at 570-580 C for
maintaining an increased hardness.
The final selection of the tempering regime and of
the most favourable hardness should be made on the basis of
extensive industrial scale tests.
There are 14 figures, 3 tables and 11 references, 7 of
which are Soviet, 2 English, 2 German.
1. Tool steel--Properties 2. Tool steel--Heat treatment
3. Tool steel--Structural analysis
Card 7/7

GRNSMIXO, Nikoley Mikolayevich;
XAPUJNOV, A.B., red.; SATCHMO, Te.T., takhn.red.
(Commmist Youth Leagme In the struggle for technological
progress3 lomsomol v bor'be as takhalcheakil progrem Moskyaq
Isd--vc 91maulagO 1961. 43 p. (Tseaoiusnoe obahchostvo po
rasprostranonliu polItIchnsk1kh I nauchnykh manii. Sar.10,
Holodeabnala, no.3). (MIRA 14:2)
Wom=M at Youth Tmeagme)
(2fficienay, Industrial)

]rACHLNOV, Y&.X., insh.-alconomist.
lowering of production *zpsuditurem as a resmlt of converting to
the pioduction of hl&-yield pulp; data' from the wKekhrall Woodpulp
PlAnt; Bba6 prm 33 no;3.s22-22 Ur 0580 (min nt4)
(Woodpulp Industry)
~5f

r-T 1. IT f-.r- T T I- -T-.r C Z7.1
KLSPAROV, G.B.; TA,&, inzil'-elconomist,
Moonowlas tralaing for key'personsel of the woodyulp and pa"r
indultrye Due P2116 33 VOOM-30 Rr .158' 1194)
(ftw I"Wiry) (Voodp;lp Industry)

KACRANR.16
,M.,P,Mnzh. -okonords t
Increasing manufacture of paper containers. Bum. prom. 33 no*9:24-25
s 158. (MIRA 11:10)
l.TSellrAozno-bumubnyy kombinat "Kekhra."
(Paper bage)

X&CHMOV, Ta.H., inzh.-okonomint
Method@ of internal &naVels of production costs. Ram.
prom. 35 Uo.3:23-26 IV 160. (MIRA 13:7)
i
1. lartonnaya fhbrika N,Suoyarri.0
(]Paper Industry-Costs)

KAGHAnOV, Ya.M.
Calculation based on average products. Bum. prom. 36 no.10:
23-24 0 161. (MIRA 15:1)
1. Nachallnik planavo-ekonmichookogo otdola Suoyarvakogo
kombinata.
(Paper industry)

YAGUNOV I Ya.M.
Determining the asount of labor imput in paperboard
manufacture. Bum.praw. 37 no.32:27-28 N 162. (MEU 15:12)
Nachallnik planovogo otdela kartonnoy iki
yarviw, (?4er induatry)

VAYI;SffEYN, L.; LUKIYA14OV, V.; KACIIAVOV, Ya.
Discussion of tho Whito Russian experiment. Sots. trud 8 no,6:28-34
je 163., NIRA 16: 9)
1. Zavoduyushcliiy laboratoriyey ekonomicheskikh isaledovaniy Ukra-
inskogo nauohno-Issledovatellakogo instituta pishchavoy promysh-
lemosti Kharlkovskogo sovota narodnogo Khozynystva (for Vaynshteyn).
2. flachallnik planovogo Wela I-linakogo kirpichnogo zavoda 140.4 (for
Luklyanov). 3. Nachallnik planovorio otdela Suoyarvskoy kartonnoy fa-
briki Karel'Bkoy ASSR (for Kachanov).
(Time study)

KACWOVv Ya.M. inah.-ekqaomist
Book on the problems of coubining the production of the Wood-
pulp and paper laduatry. Bum. prom. 38 no.500-31 Yq( 163.
KM 16ig)
(Woodpulp industry) (Paper industry)

KACHANOV, Ya~,&, inzh.-okonomist
Determining the value of utilized wastes. Bum.prom. [381 no.7-.
25-26 Jl 163, (MIRA 160)
1. Kartonnaya fabrika "Suoyarvi,"
(Wood pulp industry-By-products) (Industrial costs)

Al j

/4 e i-J- IW
SUBJECTi GERWY/Clinkers
ioi-4-13/13
AUTHORi K&ch&nov#1a#B*# Engineer
TITLE: "Influence of the Cooling Method and the Mineralogical Compo-
sition of Clinkers on their Crushability", (Vliyaniya rez1hima
okhlazhdantya i mineralogichaskogo sostava, klinkera na yego
raimolosposobnost')
PERIODICALs "Taomentilp 1957, # 4, P 31 (USSR)
ABSTRACTt The article contains the results of laboratory examinations of
clinkers with different mineralogical composition and their
sudden cooling by water, Yor clinkers with high contents of
C38 in the liquid phase, graddal cooling from burning tempera-
turos to temperatures of 1200 - 12500 with subsequent rapid
cooling by water to recommended. Slow cooling to 1200-1250-
is necessary for crystallization by which the crushability of
the clinkers is increased by 15-20 ~. For clinkers with high
contents of C S and low contents of the liquid phase, sudden
cooling by waior immediately after removal from the kiln is
recommended, [Reported In Tonin atria-Zeltmg, 1957, Noe 1/2,
Card 1/2
lol-4-13/13
TITLE: "Influence of the C
ooling Method and the Mineralogical Compo-
sition of Clinkers on their Crushability" (Vliyaniye rezhima
Ahlashdonlys, i nineralogicheskogo sostava klinkera na yago
r&smolospasobnostv)
INSTITUTIONt
PRESENTED BYt
SUBMITTEDi
AVAILABLEi At the Library of Congress
Card 2/2

y
T A
re ~i rr-

A.R:z P-A
I I v
mi. r, 7 17-1
e Men s

NO REY SOV: -DIC ATTI P!R~ cv

KACHANOV. Ye* inzh.; STANISHEVSKIY, M., inzh.; NALUTSKAYA, N.P.
Synthetic preparations for the degreasing of metals. Mal.-
zhir. prom. 29 no.8:24-25 Ag 163. (MIRA 16;10)
1. Ukrainskiy nauchno-isaledovatel'skiy institut maslo-zhirovoy
prouorshlennosti (for Kachanov). 2. Kharikovskiy zavod "Serp i
molot" (for Stantshevskiy, Kabitskaya).
-.4w
77 - -
77

KACHAN --Yed, -, -
1-1- PY
New Visean corals of the eastern slope of the Southern Ural
Mountains. Paleont. zhur. no. 1:26-30 1649 (MIRA 17t?)
1. Urallxkoye geologicheskoye upravlenlye.

VL&STOV, B.T.; KAGHMVA, A.L.
111W~-
Sex diagnosis in living Dreissens, polymorphs, PtAlas and some
data on the sexual cycle of this "ollusk, Zoolexhure 38 no971
991-1005 11 159. (milk 12210)
1. Chair of Invertebrate Zoology Moscow State University.
(Ismalltbramblata) (Sex 41oloff))

KACHANOVA, A.A.
Some data on the reproduction of Dreissena polymarpha Pallas In
Ucba Reservoir. Trudy Gidrobiol. ob-va 11:117-121 '61.
(MIRA 15:1)
1. Kafedra zoologii bespozvonocbnykb Mloskovskogo gosudarstvenriogo
universiteta, Moskva.
(Ucha Reservoir--Lamellibranchiata)

K-ACHANOVA. A.A.
Eoology of Dreipsens, polymorpha Pallas in Ucha Reservoir. Vop. ekol.
5:94-95 162. (MIRA 16t6)
1. Moskovskiy gosudarstvenr4ry universitat.
(Ucha Repervoir-Dre0asnidle)

KWUNOVA.0 Es R.
KAMNOVA, E. R. "Dangerous Virus Diseade of Alfalfa in Kazakhatanj,"
Sovetakaia Agronomiia, vol. 10, no. 6, 1952., pp. 60-676 20 SA
Sot Sira Si - 19531 15 December 1953

USSR/Cultivated Plants - Fruits~ Dorries. m-6
Abs Jour nef Zhur - Diol., No 20, 1958, 91812
Author Kachanovaj G.
r---------------
Inst Moscow Agricultural Academy im K,A. Timiryazev
Title Reaulating the Fruit Bearint, of the Apple Trees by
Chemical Means.
OriG Pub Sb. stud. nauchno-issled. rabot. Mosk. s.-kh. akad. im.
K.A. Timii-jazeva, 1957 (1958) vyp. 7., 288-293.
Abstract Good results in thinning were obtained by sprayint; dur-
inG flowering with a 0.06% concentration of,"hedolite"
preparation containina 4% of the active ineredients
dinitro orthocnesol ok divitronhenol. Simultaneous si-
de-dressing with a 3% solution of urea improved both
growth and fruitine.
Card 1/1

XLCWOVA, 0.?,, aspirant
I-----------------------L
Plat uptake of strwti=~-W from soil in field experimentso
Izv.TWM -no*Aa1O5-110 '162* (KML 15M)
(PlAwtor Effect of strontium on)

KLLYMW# T*.Iv b%iA,, eel IsimkhosMstrenufth nmkl X&OW07A. I., r*4-,
UMBAP To-O tekhn. red.
CPHuciples of vegetable breedbW and need produation] 04novy
selekkell I semewiodst" ovoshobuy* Imlitur Ms. unlovii
Moldsvil. 11shluvq don. Isd-vo.-IbIftvIIj 1957, 142 p*
(Vegetable 'ga:vdaning) IKU& lItIO)

MWO, G.K.; KAGWOVA, N., red.; PUONSKIT. S.. tekhn.red.
[Growing sorghum for forage] Kullture sorgo na korm, Kishinev,
Gos.iza-vo OUrtia molaoveniasice,* ig6o. bo p. (KIRA 13:12)
(Sorghmn)

KRAVCHIK# N.R.; KACHANOVA, N. red.; GORYACMIKO, F.., tekhn. red.
(Increasing yield and butterfat content of milk; from the work
practices of the dairy section on the "Pograniobnik" Collective
Farm, LipkaW District) Povyshenie nadoev i zhirnosti w,loka; iz
opyte. raboty MTF kolkboza nPogranichnik" Lipkanskogo yalona.
Kishinev.. Izd-vo sellkhoz.lit-ry MSKh MSSR, 1962. 69 Pe
(Moldavia-Milk) (MIRA 15:7)
6

ZALTUR, G.K.; KAGILANOVA, N., red.; POLEVAYA, Ye., tekhn. red.
(Soil erosion in vineyards and its control) Rroziia pochv na
vinogradnikakh i bor'ba a nei. Kishinev, Goo. izd-vo
"Kartia moldoveniaskep" 1961. 35 p (14IRA 150)
(Moldaria-Grapes~

TIMOMMKO, A.G.; KACHANOVA,, N., red.; SHPAM,, V*.p tekhn. red.
[Fertilizers for coral Udobronis #ukurury. lishinavp Isd-vo
Sellkhoz.lit-ry MMW Moldavskoi SSR, 1962. 11
(MPIL 15:6)
(Moldavia-Corn (Mai so) )-Fertilizers and mwmrsa)

KHANGAN, A.S.; red.
[Seed production of sugar beets in Moldavia; from
practices of seed growing state farms of the Republic]
Semenovodstvo sakharnoi svekly v Moldavii; iz opyta se-
menovodcheakikh sovkbozov respubliki. Kishinev, Kartia,
noldoveniaskej 1965, 32 P, (MIRA 19il)

1ACUMOVA, N.A.
--k-r-42ovivit -priority In working out the problem of artificial stability
.of power systess. Sbor.trudJast.olektrotokhAN OW no.8.-74-78 152.
.(Electric power distribution) (KM 10: 2)

XACHANOVA, 11. A.
"Investigation of the Steadiness of Distant Faectrotransmissions In the Presence of
Various Yethods of Raising the Effectiveness of the Intermediate !~rnchronous
Compensators." Acad Sci Ukrainian SM,. Inst of Electrical Engineering, Kiev, 1952
(Dissertation for the Degree of Candidate of Technical Sciences)
SO: Knizhnaya Mtopis', No, 32,, 6 Aug 55

ffh C Nd r4i
AID P - 638
Subject USSR/Electricity
Card 1/1 pub . 27 - 7/34
Authors Kachanova, N. A., Kand. of Tech. Sci., and
WTI*,"40 Rand. of Tech. Sci.
Title Increase of efficiency of intermediate synchronous
condensers
Periodical Elektrichestvo, 9, 30-34, S 1954
Abstract Research was conducted on a laboratory model representing
the 400-kv double-circuit transmission line Kuybyshev -
Moscow. The task consisted in finding methods of increas-
ing the efficiency of the synchronous condenser to be used
to improve the stability of super-power transmission lines.
3 diagrams, 4 references (1940-1953).
Institution : Institute of Electrical Engineering of the Ukrainian
Academy of Sciences
Submitted : F 201 1954

KAe HAA100A, AIINA, 10
rA(IUAWWA- T4na A-A"ft~~a; MW 11OVA, Valentina Yevgenlyevna; LNEMW, S.k.,
-51mdezilk, -r-Wittorf ZILIBAN, M.S., redaktor; RAMINA, N.L. tekhre-
daktor.
[Study of the means of Improving the stabIlIty oi long-distance alter-
nating-current power transmission] losledovanis sposoboy poVeheniia
uotoichivoett dallnikh elektroperedach peremennogo toka. Klev, lad-TO
Akadenii aaak MmainskA SOR, 1955. 83 p. (K= 824)
(Blectric power distributio&-Alternating current)

IrACZANOTA, X.A.;SHMYW, YO.N.
--w-PAN"1400" . -0 ,
Plrst,,~iordinatlon conference on automatIc control, Awtoustyka no.3:100-
104156. (MM 9:11)
("to"tisu)
t

XACRAWVA, N.A.
--- .~~ " IScientific seminar on the theory of autoswitic control in Kiev*
.Avtomatyka no.4:96-98 156. (MLRA 1W)
(Kiev--Autowtic control)
lhl~

-XACHANOVA, CRIWAYW. P.I.
First Coordinating Conference on Automation In the Ukraine. Avtome
t telex., 17 S0612:1127-1129 D 0560' (XLAA 10:1)
(Ukraine-Autemation)

XACHANOVA, N,A,
Brief news. Scientific seminar on the theory of autoxntle control
hold in Xley. Aytometyka no-3:101 '57. (MIRA 10:10)
(IIIST-Autmatic control--Congresses)

Imndida!. tekhnichesk-ilch nai*, dotsouti EACHANOVA,
e-
landidat tokhaic~i---;3kikh nauk.
Analyzing the stnady-state stability of conplex pdver cystems
using electronic conputers. Zlektrichestvo no,7:39-,43 JI 157.
OWU 10:8)
(Electric power plants)
card 1/2
In jaz=ry 1956 V,1--Lv"`Gu&v 340-&~ rol Of the Velocity
gation of the Systems of the Automatic Cont~
PA 2567
Scion tifio Seminary on Jutomatio Oontrol in KiyGv-
of P it Elevator Machines." In March 1956 A.Yu.Ishlinskiy
spoke,about a now device for measuring the angular velocity
of an object in motions The device is called girotron and
consiste.of an oscillating diapason*
In May 1956 L.V.Tsukernik lectured upon "Now Systems of
Automatic Control of the Excitation of Synchron Machines."
In June 1956 Dretechnok.NaMilyakh spoke about "Inductive-
Capacitive Transformers as an Element of Automation."
ISSOCILTIONt Not given
PRESENTED BYs
SUBMITTEDs
AVAILABLEs Library of Congress".
Card 2/2.

44 A V0 V,4 IV, A.
8(6); 28(l) I/ PHASE I BOOK E(PLOITATION SOV/21
P, 5-
Akademiya nauk Ukrainskoy SSR. Institut elektrotekhniki4
Voprosy ustoychivosti i avtmati.ki energaticheakikh sistem, (Problem in
:Stability and Automation of Power Systems) Krai ev, Izd-vo AN UkrSSR, 1959.
186 p. (Series: Its: Sbornik trudov, Vp. 16~ Eriata slip inserted.
4,000 copies printed.
Ed. of Publishing House: T. K.. Remennik; Tech. Ed.: N. P. Rakhlina;
Editorial Board: A. D. Nesterenko, Corresponding Member, Ukrainian SSR
A6ademy qf Sciences (Resp. pd.'), S. A. Lebedev, Academician, S. I.
TetellVaum, Corresponding Member, Ukrainian SSR Academy of Sciences, A. N.
Milyakh, Doctor of Technical Sciences, Ye. V. Khrushcheva, Candidate of
Technical Sciences, and L. V. Tsukernik.
PURPOSE: This collection of articles was'published An line with a directive of the
scientific council of the Electrical Engineerigg Ibstitute, Academy of Sciencea,
UkrSSR. It is intended for scientific engineering and technical personnel con-
cerned with problems of stability and automatic control of power systems.
Cixd 1fi

Problems In Stability and Autmation (CDnt.) SOV/2497
COVEWEC. The authors analyze static istability of i, complex power system,
takini-into account automatic control and load characteristics. They discuss
transients In a compensated network during short-circuiting to ground and de-
scribe'netloads! of calculating transiants-in current trmsfozuers. They-also
consider basic features of calculating current trWforuerg with magnetizing
and. discus,s linear theory of magnetic amplifiers. so- vell. as new types of f re-
quency relAys and frequency measuring devices. Re personalities are mentioned.
References appear at the and of each article.
TABLE OF CONTERS:
foreword
3
Toukernik., L.V. Characteristics of IMunov's Theory of Stability and
Problems of Stability of Power Systems 5
The author presents a brief review of studies on the theory of stability
of power systems and shows the importance of Lyap=ov's work on the
general theory of stability. There are.*35 references, all Soviet (includ-
ing 2 translations).'
TsWwrnik., L.V. Analysis of a Matrix of Equatim Coefficients for a
Disturbeil Motion of a Complex Power System and Determination of the Order of
a Chaiacteristic Equation 21
card 2/ 6

Problems in Stability and. Automation (Cont.) SOV/2497
The author obtains equations of disturbed motion of a complex power system,
taking into account complex-load characteristics. He analyzes-the matrix
of equation coefficienta and obtains operational expressions showing the effect
of all branches of a power system on each individual branch. He also derives
a formula for determining the order of a characteristic equation of a system.
There are 4 references, all Soviet.
Sirata, I.M. Transients in a Compensated Network During Short-circuiting to
Ground. 55
The author analyzes equivalent circuits of a complex compensated network
and shows that transients during short-circuiting to ground may be Cal-
culated with the aid of an approximate simple equivalent circuit contain-
ing 1, c and R.,ffealso discusses the effect of transient currents on the
013 k,
behavior ;a us types of relays and protection systems against short-
circuiting to,ground. He shows that the use of a polarized or permanent-
magnet moving-coil relays operating on capacitance-current surges is possible
only when telay speed is increased. There are 8 references: 7 Soviet and
Card 3f6

Problems in Stability and Automation (Cont.) SOV/24_9_7______-----
racbenm,_1L.A., and V.N. Shestopalov. Short-t.ime Unloading of a Receiving Power
System as a Means of Increasing Stability 77
authors discuss short-time unloading of a receit~ng power system
with automatic reclosing for increasing system stability. They briefly
describe the conutruction and results of testing of a combined frequency
relay which may serve as a starting mechanism for short-time unloading.
There are 3 references: 2 Soviet and 1 English.
Sirota, I.M. Methods of Calculating Transients in Current Transformers 87
The author presents a general analysia of a transient process and
discusses a new and sufficient],Y accurate method of calculating
transients. The method takes into account nonlinearity of magnetic
characteristied of current-transformer core and inductance of a
secondary-circuit load for any initial conditions. The author uses a
method of so-called specific quanities as an auxiliary method of procedure
and calculates transients with the aid of magnetization curves for iron
for successive intervals of 0-25-0-50 periods. There are 13 references:
9 Soviet, 3 English and I German
Kubyshin, B.Ye. Problems of a Linear Theory of Magnetic Amplifiers 113
The author shows that a magnetic amplifier should be considered as a
current or voltage generator controlled with d-c, a-c or pulse currents
or voltages with a frequency lover than that of the magnetizing current.
Card 4/6

Prctclems in Stability and Automation (Cont.) SOV/2497
He discusses equi'valeut circuits of magnetic amplifiers and derives
expressions for amplifier parameters. There are 7 references, all Soviet
(including I translation).
Kostyuk, O.M. dArrent-trawformers with D-0 Magnetization and Basic Aspects
of Calculating Tram tbrmem Used in Circuits for Automatic Field Regulation
of Synchronous Generators 135
The author discusses a graphic-analytical d-c magnetization used in
circuits for autcmatic field regulation of synchronous machines. There
are 8 references: 6 Soviet, 1 English and 1 German.
CIRCUITS, DEVICES AND ELAMPLES OF CALCUIATIONS 153
-__Kachanova, N.A. and L.V...Tsukernik. Analysis of Static Stability of a
Tr-Masmission Line, Taking Into Account Ccmplex Load
Characteristics 153
The authors study the effect of voltage and frequency static character
istics of a complex load as well as the effect of dynomic characterist;C3
of an equivalent induction motor on the atability of a long-distance
power transmission line. They conclude that the dependence of load
Card 516 .
Problems in Sttibility and Automation (Cont') SOV/2497
conductance on voltage Is the major factor affecting stability. There are
6 reference.s., all Soviet.
ShestoPalov, V.N. Device for Measuring Frequency 164
The author discusses an electrcnic device for frequency measurement by I
measuring the duration of a certain number of periods. The number of
Periods is counted by means of a trikger circixit similar to that used
in computers. The duration is determined with the aid of a vacuun-
tube generator stabilized by means of a tuning-fork electromechanical
frequency transducer. Measurements obtained with the aid of the device
are sufficiently accurate in the vide range of radio frequenci6s. There
is 1 Soviet reference.
Kubyehin, B.Ye. Method of Calculating Mngnetic 4plifiers on the Linear
Theory. 174
The author considers methods of selicting oPerating contiWous for
amplifiers and determing coefficients required in calCttlatiuns- He
presents a numerical example of calculating a magnetic amplifier for
cOntactless pawer commutation. There is 1 Soviet reference.
AVAILABLE: Librax7 Of Congress
Card 616 JP/gmp
11 23-59

ZMAWN, V.S., skadenik, oty.rod.; WDKRR, V.A., doktor tekhn.nauk, red.;
ITAUD=O, A.G., doktor tekhn.nauki red.; ISIMINMY.,A.Yu.. aka-
deaft, red.,- N A kand tekhu.neuk, red.; KUZWWVj F.I.,
dottor fis.-mates, red.; 10MRZKO, A.10p doktor tekhn.nauk. red.;
PWROTO b,mat red.,, PC", Te*FOj doktor tokhntuaukv red.-, ULUOT.
G.M.# doktor tokbu.usuk. red.: KHRMW# almdomik. red.; CHI-
VAYW, P.I., kmzd.tokhu.nmuk, red,; COMOT, N.C. k&nd.tokhn,n9mk#
red.; MIUMM, G.T., takhA.red,
Einveriency thmorjy and its.opplication to automatic deTiose) Tooriia
Invarlantnosti i so primonsuis v awtometichookikh ustroistvakh;
trud.w soveshchaniia. Moskva, Aked.neuk USSR. Otd-nis tekhn.nauk,
1959. 381 P. (MIRA 13:7)
11 $ovee= po toorii Invariantuosti i eye primneniya Y ovto-
matialiel. 3. Chroyetvakhp Kiye AN USSR (for Ishliuskiyq
SWrO. 2.
f
Djvnov on-korreep.AN- for Petrov)* (Antomt1c control)

Calculation-of the steady-state conditions,of complex electric
power systtems using digital computers. Trudy Inst, slaktrotekh,
AN MMR no.-19226-43 . !62. (MMA 16:5)
OUsetric power distribution)
01leetronia computers)