SCIENTIFIC ABSTRACT GROSH, K.A. - GROSHEV, L.V.

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: Scientific Abstracts
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP86-00513R000517020017-8
• Release Decision: RIF
• Original Classification: S
• Document Page Count: 100
• Document Creation Date: January 3, 2017
• Document Release Date: July 27, 2000
• Sequence Number: 17
• Publication Date: December 31, 1967
• Content Type: SCIENTIFIC ABSTRACT

G&IUSIMOV, D.A..Inxh.: GROSH. K.L..insh.: CILWINYSHYV. A.S.,inzh.
Making large foundation blocks in construction yards under
winter conditions. Binl,stroi.tekh. I? no.9:6-7 S '55.
(MIRA 12:1)
lo Treat Chmlyabmetallurgstrov.
(Voimulations) (Concrete blocks--Cold weather conditions)

ZORIN, L.V.; GROSILEMKOVA, N.G.
Lawn of the formation of placers. 1xv. Veen, geog. ob-va 94
no.109-83 J&-F 162. OCRA 150)
(Siberia, Eastern-Ore deposits)

DIRIKHS Alffrod,Dierichs,Alfredl, Drof. doictor,; KOICHKA, Rudollf,
tiubicks, Rudolf), lath.: DAVID.Z.[ translator),: GRMHEK,
(trnnalatorl, ; FEDOSMY, Bergey Dwitriyevich, Jran4ot*6khn_#__nouk, red.;
L4%BTAKOTA,T49S,,inzh.,vad. red.; SOLOHOULOIGH, S.M., tekhn, red.
[Phenols and organic bases from coal] Tonoly i oenoveniia is utlei.
Moskva. Goo. nouchno-tokhn. twd-vo neft. i gorno-toplivaoi lit-ry
195s. 468 p. (MIRA ll'-M
(Phenols)
(Coal-tar products)

GROSHEK, K.S.9 inzb.
Investigating a fan model with adjuRtable bladne of the whe"l.
1zv.vyn.ucheb.sav.: snerg, 2 no.4:1.14-130 Ap 159.
(MIR& 12:9)
1. Tuzhnoye otdolaniye "Orgres".
(7ana. Blectric-Hodels)

GROSli'ElIKOP V., inzhener-poLkomik
. . .. ... ~-1---.- -
Means of speclal treatmenL. Teidi. i vooruz,~. nr;.4:-,V.-25 AP 164.
- (MI'liA 17:9)

LIPANDY, It., inzh.; BALAKIM. N.; OLITNIK. I., inzh.; LICOMMEY, T.;
GROSHMOT. ff.
These are your rights, costrades. Isobr.i rate. no.10:31
0 159. OURA 13-2)
1. TSentralinaya laboratorlya "Glavaospronstroynaterialov,"
Moskva (for Iduanov). 2. ftkovoditell konstruktorskoy gruppr
proyaktno-armtnor,o byuro g.Zaporoshlye (for Olmynlk). 4. Fred-
andatell savodskogo soveta, Tessayusnogo obahchostva isobratateley
I ratelonalizatorov mbinnogo sayoda, gJaroslayll (for Imontlyev).
5. Starshly inshener Byuro ratsionalizatorov I ltobrotatoley
shinnogo savada, gJaroslawl' (for Grashankov).
(Tochnelogical Innovations)

~1 & , , t ; , ., I -.. ,
~_/, 0
OROSHMOV, S.S.
i._ i - I ~ ,
Scientific conference of the Central Scientific Research Insti-
tute for Physical Culture. Toor. t prak. flukull 18 n0-7:557-
558 155. (KLRA 8:10)
(PHYSICAL IMUCATION AND TR&INING--CONGRIMSBS)

GROSIMMOVA, N.G.; ZORIII. L.V.; HAIATEVA, YO.M.
. ~ -- -1 - --------- -------
(~mternsry sedimentation in the Zeya Vallv. Sov. geol. 3 no.2:39-
47 7 l6o. (MIRA 13 : 11)
1. Hoskovskiy gosudarstvantgr/ univeraltot iment M.V.Lomonosova Geoe;raflche-
skiy fakulltet.
(Zeya Valley-SedioontB (Geolort))

A 0
3W PHM I BOOK EXPLOrTATION SOV/2879
Vendrov, Oemen Imon1dovich, Alekmadr Afanaslyevich Groshev, Nikolay MiWaylovich
Isakoy,' Imonid Alskowdrovich Bergeyev., losif M.Lkli~~h Shepshelevich, and
Viktor Alskmandrovich Ve3lcbko
Sovremennsys tekhalks, g1drograftcheskikh lzyskLniy (Modern Techniques in Rom-
graphic &urveying) Imningrad, Izd-vo "Bechnoy transport," laningr. otd-niye,
1957. 170 P. 1,500 copies printed.
Ed. (Title page)t Ye. V. RUxnyuk, Doctor of Techaleal Sclences, Professor;
Reviever: A. I. GruzInw; 3d. (Inside book):D. M. Kudritskiy; Tech. Ed.:
K.N. VoleMk.
PURPOBIt ftis book to Intended for engineering and technical personnel enipsed
In hydrogmphic survey work. It my also serve as,& textbook for students of
hydrographic muivying,
COVERUM: This book covers the basic principles and techniques of surveying in-
land vaterways. It describes the role paAyed by ultrasonics, rudio, lighting
card 1/4

Modern Tlechzdques in Hydrographic (Cont.) SOV/2879
engineering, and aerial photography in hydrographic surveying. Various
sounding devices and reap finders are described. No personalities are
mentioned. There are 13 Soviet references.
TABIZ OF CONSM,
Ch. 1. Present Position on Introducing New Techniques in Hydrographic
Stirvoys 3
1. Generial remarks
2. Brief Informiation on the use of river sounding devices
(echo sounders) T
3. Fladiogeodetic and optical range finding measurements in the
VSM and their developinent, 9
Bechn
Ch. 11. 36unding Device and Its Use In River Surwys 12
4. Description of the RKL-lm, - type river echo sounding device 12
5- Carrying out surveying work 23
6. The PEL-2 echo sounding device 33
Card 2/4

Modern Tbchniques in Hydrographic (coat.) 901/28T9
Ch. III. Specialized Hydrographic Aerial Photographic Survey 37
7. Basic problems of aerial photography 37
8. Air-borDe survey work 40
9. Ftmdamentals of a hydrographic interpretation of aerial
photographs 51
10. Measuring the depth according to sounding tracks 63
Ch. IV. Fadloipodetic Methods for Determining Coordinate Points
on Water, IALnd, and in the Air 68
3.1. Fundwentals of phase methods in radio measurements 68
12. "Cartographic Preparation" 89
13. ftdio measurements in carrying out the surveying work on
rivers, lakes, and water reservoirs 100
14. Specific application of radio methods in specialized
aerial photography 124
Card 3/4

Modern Techniques in Hydrographic (Cont.) SOV/2879
Ch. V. Optical amp Finding 129
15. The SW-I ranip finder 130
16. The Gol 1955 raw finder 150
17. The field of application of optical geodetic range finders 16o
166
Bibliography 171
AVAILAMX: Library of Congress (VK591.B55)
m/ftl
card 4/4 12-29-59

AUTHOR: GroDhav, A.A.. SOV/109-4-6-18/27
TITLE: late-ratint-, Amplifiers Eiiiiployinf~ Transistors
(Integriruyushchiye usiliteli na poluprovodnikovylih
triodaldi)
PERIODICAL: Radioteldinika i elektronil:a, 1951), Vol 4, Nr 6,
pp 1038 - 1045 (USSR)
ABSTRACT: A sin.-le-sta.-e transistor amplifier is consleared. The
traiizji.,,,tor is represented by an equivalent active
quadrupole Y 0 (Figure 1). The fcodback path is repre-
sented by a passive quadrupole Y, . Tite amplifier has
an input admittance Y, = 1/zll 'Where z 1 ta%es into
account also the internal impedance of the generator;
Y11 is the load admittance. The :,mtrix of the equivalent
quadrupole Y' , representing t.*ic parallcl combination of
the quadrupoles Y and Y, , is g-4ven by Eq (1).
0 C.,
The transfer coefficient of the amplifler in expresEed
Cardl/6 by Eq (2) or by Eq (3), whore yj3X reprejents the input

SOV/109-4-%"-IUC/27
Integrating Amplifiors Employing Transistors
admittance of the transistor, Ic is the voltage ai-.ir)Iifi-
cation of the transistor without fcodback acid Y4 BX
is the equivalent input admittance of the ampliiier. if
tile admittance parawators are replaced by tile corrost)onding
iml)ndanco parameters, the transfer function > I , Eq (11) can also be written. as Eq (12).
Now ttic response of the systei,,i to a unit stop can be
ropro3ontod by Eq (13). Tlio solution of thin is in the
form of Eq (14). The relative integration error cau
therefore be defined by:
u2W - u2("An.
u2(t)AA
t (15)
R3BX Ck
where:
Card3/6

SOV/ 10 1k .. 6-18/27
Integrating Amplifiers Employing Transistox,3
kyj t
U2(t) 0, R :)BX C(k - I)
From the above formulae, it taU hO 50011 that a single-
stage integrator cannot yield very high time constants.
Tho necessary increase in the time conzitant cnn be
achieved by employintg multi---ta~-,(- transistor integrators.
This type of circuit is illustrated in Figure 2, while
its equivalent representation is given in Figure 3. The
transfer function of the integrator of Figure 3 can be
expr(tsocd by Eq (22). This is vory similar to the transfer
functio + f s single-ntage integrator, aa may be seen by
comparing Eqs (8) and (24). The main disadvantage of 1.110
circuit of Figure 2 is its low input impedance. This can
be increased by employing an emitter-follower input stage.
Alternatively, an input stage may be ferried by connecting
Card11/6 two transit;tors in a circuit of the type illustrated in

SOV/109-4-6-16/27
Integrating Amplifiars Employing Transistors
Figure 4a; the high input impedance can also be
secured by employing a circuit of the type illustrated
in Figure 49. It is shown that the input impedance of
an integrator employing an emitter input stage is given
by Eq (25). The input impedance of an integrator with
the circuit of Figure 4a is given by Eq (26). The input
impedance of the circuit of Figure 46 is expressed by
Eq (27). The theory was used to design a four-stage
integrator. A detailed circuit diagram of this is shown
in Figure 5- It was found that the weasured results 0
obtained with the amplifier, at a temperature of 20 + 5 C1
were in good agreement with the theoretically predicTed
values.. The author expresses his gratitude to the
Candidate of Technical Sciences S.Ya. Shats for reading
the manuscript and for valuable advice.
Card 5/6

Integrating Amplifiql-9 Employing Transistors sov/iog-4-6-18/27
There are 5 figurius and 5 reforences, of which 4 are
Soviet and 1 English; I Soviet reference is translated
from English.
S UBMTT ED -February 1, 1958
C"rd 6/6

3/ 1f)6/61/000/012/004/010
rc~ 19 A055/A 12'1
AUTHORs Groshev, A.,A.
TITLE% Transistorized a-c amplifiers with direct~coupling
FERIODICALI Elektrosvyazl, no. 12, 1961, 29 - 35
TEM The author examines the stability of the static operation conditions
of transistorized a-c amplifiers with direct doupling, taking Into account the ef-
fect of the zero collector -current Ik I of current amplification factor oG and of
base-to-emitter voltage Ube- The ana? ys,s Is first applied to the case of a two-
stage amplifier. The expression giving the collector current of the second stage
is:
E02-1) Ube2(S2-1)
Ik2 - Rloadl Rloadl ikl(32-1) 4 'kO2S21 (2)
where
S2 - R Rloadl+P-2 Ik2
24*Rload1(1_c'2) Jk'0121
is the stability coefficient determining the degree of Influence of Iko on the col-
Card 1/5

31200
3/106/6 1/(jo(.)/ ()1 ?/004/010
Transistorized a-c amplifiers with direct coupling A055/Al;?7
lector current. The expression for the c,~Pliactor current of the fjr:it. stage Isi
!L(-
IkI - ~--01-1) - " ~1 00,1-1) + IkOISI,
RC Re
where 31 - (R,,~Rj) R14R,0-091-
/I
Substitution of (4) in yields another expression of Ik2'
E Ubt2 (S' E
I is -1) 2-1) - T(si-1)(32-1) +
k2 - Rloadl 2 Hload 1
TkOI(32-1)'91 +TkO2'92- (5)
Assuming that the supply voltage H and the bias resistances are constant, the
author obtainst
41k2'~t) lk2W.P,32 - '31("12-1) lkl&~L + 32&1k02 - '9102-04101 +
+ S2-1 ('91-1)(32-1) 6u (6)
R dUbe2 R bel
Card 2 lotLdl
,/5 c

J12(A)
'j/ 106/6 IAWMI a/004/010
Transistorized a-c amplifiers with d1r,- 1 4,. There
are 3 figures and 4 references: 2 Soviet-bloc and 2 non-Soviet-bloc.
The references to the English-language publications read as follows:
R. Fox and Wo Guatp Bul. Amer. Phys. Soc., 1960, 5, 80; Electronics
1960P 33Y 5r 78-
ASSOCIATION: Kiyevskiy gosudarstvennyy universitet im, T.G. Shev-
chenko (Kiyev State University im. 'T.1j, Shevchcn"-n~
SUBMITTED: July 3, 1961
Card 2/2

/rIp 018
S/185/62/007/004
6. D407~D301
I _R S Norchevyyt Yu. P., arid'Erosliev, 1. "-1.
r' -,he ch.,-,racteristics o`* a '2er::-.oeIec-,,ronic
On
energy-convorter with metallic-caesium
0
cathodes and strall electrode gap
!--77IODICAL: Uk-.ayinslkyy fizychnyy zhurnal, V. 7, no. 4,
19629 447-448
-,he characteristics of an exner-Imental onergy-converter
-iih
me'ailic-caesium cathodes are described; the results given
are preliminary. The distance d between -.he electrodes could
be altered within wide limits. A figure shows the isobars of
eiectronic emission (i.e., the short-circuit current -1 0 .vith-
out an additional ionizer, at.a pressure 1.) = 1.0 - 3-06 Hg,
d = 0.1 =. Owing to the neutralization of the electronic
space-charge by caesium ions, it is possible to obtain 'Large
Card (5

S/185/62/007,/004/018/018
On the characteristics... D407/D301
va'ues of 1 (e.9-P 1 7 amp/cm2 at a chamber-temperature
0 0 0
tb 330 C and cathode temuerature TC = 21500K). Another fi-
.-ure shows the current-voltage characteristics of emission.
From the characteristics, it is evident that usefui energy-
conversion power W = 6.5 watt/cm 2 can be obtained with an opti-
mal output-voltage V~~ 1.1 volt; a qualitative estim-te of the
efi,iciency factor yieided Tj-:~ 9,,4*. If a mo.Lybdenum cathode is-
used, one obtains I U = 3U amp/cm 2 V/ = 12.5 watt/crA2 V = 1.0
volz (with T. = 2400 0K, and t b 3600C). All these values
1~re quite satisfactory, but the authors hope to obtain still
better result-s. The dependences
Card 2/3
1g 0 VV)

On 4
characteristics ...
S116 1 04/0 18/01 B
ly'62/007/0
D301
D40
c or. s tructed by the metliod of E. Car-abateaG et, al. (see refer-
e,-ces), are two straigftt lines. 12he electrc)n t~!,-,,per-atu,re T'
U e
oIL' t~~e interel ec trod e uiasma Rs estimated by the 31ope of these
Lines. ~Ie vias equal ~o 2900 K for ti-,e first stra',ght 141ne (Ta
c---.hode, tb = 330 OC), and 55000K for -6he second (!~:o ctthode,
0 L
b 360 C). There are 3 'igures and 5 references: 2 Soviet-
b--oc and 3 non-Soviet-bloc. Tne references to the E'ngl-.sh-
T
language publications read as follows: R. Hirsch J%. ~
, V. 'pr,'. Phys.,
51, 20b4, 1960; E. Carabateas, S. Pezar-is and G. -Hatsopoulos,
il
J. Appi. Phys., 32, 352, 1961; V. .1.4ohler, J. Bur. Stand.,
2i, 873, 1938.
ASSOCIATION': I:yyivslkyy derzhuniversytet im. K. 1317evcheka
r
(Kyyiv State University im. T. S evchenko)
S-JB:."I A' TED: December 30, 1961
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sf r a y s 0 an indicat'ion Of t'- -ro :,f --' on a e
rZ'-Z) C, Z;"
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of an-malous -lovi-d _s _n ab s "I e f t . T'
to
-arc s S*ov~-C--.-bloc and
Til . o
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t -a jnivorsity irr. T.... shev""'.onko)
S
"C!--uary 30, 1962
2/2

AID Nr- 979-9 29 May
OSCILLATIONS IN A CESIUM-VAPOR DIODE (USSR)
Levitskiy, S. M. , and Groshev. Radiotekhnika i elektronika, v. 8, no. 4,
Apr 1963, 612-618. S/109/63/008/004/009/030
Plate-current oscillations in a diode filled with cesium vapor were investigated
by means of an experimental tube operated at various values of vapor pressure,
cathode heating., and anode voltage, The cathode was a thin, 1-mm wide tantalum
strip, while the anode was formed by tantalum plates placed on both sides of the
strip, which could be simultaneously adjusted either closer or farther apart,
thus changing the distance from plate to cathode from 0. 7 to 10 mm. The tube
was placed in a thermostat whose temperature could be regulated from 20 to
300*C. Either a resistance directly connected in the plate current, or one coupled
to it througli an hf transformer, served as the load. Results of the investigations
confirm the existence of two modes.of oscillation: -mode I corresponds to high
pressure and low cathode tempprature, and mode II corresponds to low pressure
and high cathode temperature. Mode I oscillations are of low intensity and have a
Card 1/g

AID Xr. 979-9 29 May
OSdILTATIONS (Cont'd]
S/109/63/008/004/009/030
frequency of the order of 1 to 20 kc and a waveform close to sinusoidal. In
mode II, the mode principally discussed, oscillations are very intense, have a
frequency of the order of 100 to 1000 kc, and may have a waveform quite different
from the sinusoidal. In mode 11 oscillation the amplitude decreases with a drop
in cathode temperature and ceases abruptly at a critical lower boundary tempera-
turi.~. At a cathode temperature of about 2000*K, the oscillation frequency varies
at first only slightly, but on approaching the lower boundary it suddenly increases
almost twofold. Moreover, mode II oscillation intensity decreases as anode vol-
tao-C: iL, -educed to zero and then to negative values, and disappears at some cri-
tical nerrative potential. Oscillations disappear also at excessive positive poten-
ZZ'als. This positive potential limit was found to -Vary directly with the cathode-
anode spacing, and also directly with increased cathode temperature. From the
analysis of test results it is concluded that the oscillatory condition is linked to
the bunching action of gas ions in the interelectrode space. Measurements with
an 'Lon probe support this view. [DW j
Card 2/2

ACCESSION NR: AP4009985 810109/6410091001/013210137
AUTHOR: Levitokiy, S- It- I OV00h4ve to Me
TITLE: oscillatory phenonzena in cesium-vapor-fUled diode@
SOURCE: Radiotekhnika I slektronika, v. 9. no. 1, 1964, 132-137
TOPIC TAGS: cesium diode. cesium vapor filled diode, cesium tube oscillator.
cesium tube oscillator phenomena, frequency pulling, frequency locking. diode
synchronization
ABSTRACT: An experimental study of frequency pplling, locking, parallel
operation, and maximum power of oscillations met up in a cesium-vapor-filled
diode ia reported. The frequency pulling was measured at 200-300 kc and 2, 300K
temperature of the cathode, with the diode operating under intermittent (50 cps)
generation conditions. A GSS-6 oscillator was used as a source of oscillations in
the locking experiments; the locking range was observed am wide as 20%.
Card 1/Z

ACCESSION NR-. AP400998S
Parallel operation and synchronization were investigated in a scheme comprising
two identical cesium diodes; frequency vs. coupling and total output power vs.
load resistance curves are reporied. A-c power and the efficiency of thermal-
to-electric energy conversion constitute only a part of the d-c values which could
have been obtained from the same diode under nonoscillatory conditions. "In
conclusion, we wish to thank N. D, Morgulix for him constant interest in the
work, his valuable advice and suggestions. 11 Orig. art. has: 6 figures and
I formula.
ASSOCIATIM. none
SUBMITTED: IlDec6Z
SUB CODE: GE
DATE AGO: 10rob64
40 REr soy: oos
ZNCILO. 00
OTHER: 006
Card 2/2

L 01177-66 EWT(1)/EWA(m)-2,/EPA(w)-,2 IJP(c) AT
ACCESSION lots AP5017674 uR/qiOq/65/OiO/Oo!/b46/iW--
AUTHORj.Groshev, I. N. 539-124-175 c;26-
-- .......... ~ yy,< '. z
TITLE: Transient and cerenkov radiation of electron'Oleav-se"
~~/, yy,
SOURCE: Radiotekhnika i elektronika, v. 10,, no. 7, 1965, 1346-1348
TOPIC TAGS: transient radiationt Cwm*av radiation
"ABSTRACTt Approtbute fornulas for the dirmtIonal pattem and the rMUted
power are developed. They are intended for designing the devicem that produce
coherent radiation by using the phenomenon of do-excitation of electron Pleaveag.
orig. art. hass I figure and 10 formulas.
ASSOCIATIONs' none
SUBRITMI 14ft64 IMCL 1 00 so COIX I mp
NO R1W SOVt 003 1 001
Card I

L 01176-66 EWT(1)/~PAN)-2/E~A(m)-2. .--JJP-(q). -~T -.166- .- -
'ACCESSION NRI AP5017675 UR/0109/65/610 i/i34811,349
539-124-18-03 -
1AUTHORt Groshev, I. N. 76
yyGr
1TITLEt Oeneration of electron "leaves"
JSOURCEi Radiotekhnika i elektronika, v. 10, no, 7, 1965, 1348-1349
TOPIC TAGS t electron "leaf It-
IABSTRACTt Interaction is explained between a uniform r-f field and a ribbon
,pt radiation by means of electron "leaves*#
:electron beam which can produce cohere
IThe coherent radiation occurs when d' where 0 is the beam thickness and
I i
iis the radiation wavelength. Equations determining sufficiently thin electron
leaves"with high current densities in them are set up. Orig. art, hast 3 f!Lgmw
band 7 formulas.
I P
ASSOCIATION: none
SUB CODE lips, so
1SURMTEDt 14Sop64 ENCM 00
INO RLV SOVS 002 OTMt 000
I Card 1/_J_.

TERLIKOV . V,A. - kand. tel&n.nau~~ GROSHEV, L. M., lmh.
Study of atreqsen in the cvmponents and systema of agri cultural
mv~hinery under flet! rmdttlonf. Trakt. i sellkhozmsh' 32
.IIRA
n.-2.6.3G 31 Je 20)2. Cr 15~6)
(Agricultural machiner-) --"fsting)

GROSHEVJI T.M.
Results of testing the supporting structure of the SK-4 combine for
stability. Trakt. i sellkhozmash. no.2:24.-25 F 164. (MIRA 17:3)
1. Rostovskly na Donu institut osI'9kokhozyayBtv9nnogo
mashinostroyeniya.

(c A (h Peb
ACCES-SION NH1 APW042 0/0141/04/007/006/1217/1222
ALTMOR t Gros Aar L M. ~23
-_ 1
T1HX1 Exporimental
in the static mods
SOURCE: IVUZ. Radiofizikap V. 7, ro. 6, 19649 1217-122?-
TOPIC TAGSt cylindrical xWetron, epace-charge, electron cloud# electron tra-
jectory,. magnetrono electron optical ranging
ABTMCT: This in a continuation of earlier vork by the author (with M. I. Kuzzae-
tscr4-, 1zv. vyssh. uch. zav. -- Radiofizika v. 4, uo4, 1961) where it van shown
that the electron trajectories in the lower part of the electron cloud of a maVe-
tron are closed. loops. In the present investigation the author studied experiment-
ally the space charge in the upper part of the electron cloud of the --aguttron
using the some method of electron-optical ranging. To this end, a second longi-
tudinal ranging electron beam In Antroduced Into the zutgnetron at some distance
.from the cathode. The defluction of thisbeen in the field (in the direct vicinity
of the peak of the first loop and above it), observed on a fluorescent screen,-..
Card
1/3

ACCESSION HRI APW049
Maketi it pacalble to detormine the characteristics of thin field, and in particular,
-the potentlal dintribution. The experiment waa carried out with a special dis-
mo-antable tube with two longitudinal ranging, beans, having a construction similar
to that described in the earlier paper, except that two pairs of metallic rings
are incorporated to permit setting 411-im potential on the edges of the Magnetron, In
addition to the supplementary equiprt!nt nece3sary to ahape the second rdnglng
be=. The accuracy of the experiments was e3ti1nated. at better than 5%. The ex-
peritmental traces obtained on the fluorescent screen were conTared with the theo-
retical cur-ves, calculated under the aaw-m-ption that the space charee corresponds
to single-flow (Brillouin) atate, double-ftcrw state, and bidrcmic state. The ex-
perimental trace was most closely approximated by the bidromic theoretical curve.
Since the Presence of a bidromic state implies the existence of a virtual cathode
inaide the electron cloudp tests were made to see whether tbe sharpnens of the
trace an the screen can be varied by varying the position of this virtual cathode.
"Lests at different anode voltages and with a difrerent tube construction haye Con-
the
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AccFzsion NR: Ap5oo6o42
ASSOCIATIONt Naurhno-iseledovatellskiy radiofizicheakiy inatitut pri Gor'kayokom
urdyernitate (Scieatific Research Radiophysica Institute at Gor'kly University)
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Zhurnal TcIrdmicheskol Flzikl; 1934) Vol. 14, [)P 3',3l---))4g,'f-
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