SCIENTIFIC ABSTRACT GORBUNOVA, K.M. - GORBUNOVA, K.M.

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: Scientific Abstracts
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP86-00513R000516120003-3
• Release Decision: RIF
• Original Classification: S
• Document Page Count: 100
• Document Creation Date: November 2, 2016
• Document Release Date: June 13, 2000
• Sequence Number: 3
• Publication Date: December 31, 1967
• Content Type: SCIENTIFIC ABSTRACT

K-
form4tion end ort"I, propecdom of abc
nitride. V. A. SukhW"
j;~g. Ckap. (U. S. S. R.) 4, W-W(1034).:~I,
Ut C*n&tmtim of Zo vapor In Nt, M Of prr4
s ul Zt4Nts
WH unly tracv~
51~40VII,"tcn ZO at GW*k m
of whkii are ibtelued (ruin Zo dust and
mt&W. The beat of kwmtkM of Z114%'t It 24,00 g
'ZU dbwm. c*mt. of Znj-'Js was cAkil. flOln
equatim for the range 37-M7*. C. A.-
I& A 61 VALLLINSIM UTIMAIIII CLASWICATOM
9108CM3 Wit CMV 4819
an a I I
got
coo
too
1114PIP
ON 04;-71-1-
fth a a 9 1 so IN
0 0 0 0 0

b 11
1, 41 10 It,
do .11 01
s' i, "I
a U

.
1
l
i

typ~e of eloctivall

tkim. Iiii. 1175 Milo finclilib. eficol of
tit base piruw0iII, I'limul, 21141 pylaffilds
00 It the
M111POsition of the ekcirolyte arial of the mWitions,
in all
ro4dinsles ffictr attire litini"Af crystals with a Prr-
of
T14ttsvilYwis mixin the shape and distrilmilon of the
st
dominantly devO(vited lmr Plane. 111P 1111141 Uhl wM
'

vtYAMIJ cletkyAlled at the evohilde Is deveribed. The
*Q.
clectrulyird at almnit 71W and it c. it. tit OAS amp.7
fulillisift WAUS. were riectrolyaed: CdClg In Hel: CCLSIO~
00 J!

The itstliting tict-112 vrefe found tohave a three
Lin
in HoXh; and The fused wit AcN%.K
j 'I NU~.N&Nol-
and ASCLICCINsCl. The Cd bet leulp. was vArA
-
11tructuir. M-ol of The As 4:1yalah vi'ligirled 110"S
I toyer
00 tiellove 0' and 60". C, d. was varied between mol
t4e
Is trate salts were equally developed in all voirdistates
1
l
i
d
h
d
09 and OOM amp. sq. cm. slid eunrqj~ uf *Alta between
e sa
ts am" c
e
%-dhile tlu)w from the fused chkiri
y
D
2
KAmic
h
it
2 and 0 N while the vanctic tit IICI suti Ifw. oil*
.
'
a --t
Of kept at I N. An ivac-traw In rown. of CdCl, or In c. d.,
!I. or in temp. decreased the crystal size. In M904 mans.
** 1
I an Intestate in Cd dectraval the crystal she but an trarressie
in c, al. or temp. bad the nppottite effart. Addis. agents
awb as pleflit. brucint and n1cottille-oulfate wm found
to coatiplieste the crystal struicturv. A aMy of the Cal
0 deposits diockmed a Motion brtwmn the forus and ar.
roingentent at the msiah and the propertlea of the de.
poofts. Cd allnxvilits tilmlislitilt of bussinax crystals with
their ban plom arranged parallel to the surfam of the
catholle, trew shiny and resittant to caroeloo but WbM
the UM crystals were arratilictl with lbek 6;W plant-
perptudicularl to the cathode surface. the deposits were
dull, roujib and had a low coal n!aistawe. The
letter deposits had a gmtet leadevary to lam dendrites.
to C*azzong front a valfate to a chkarW elextrolyte there
In crystal lam. . Invited of a combination
S a. S L A MULLUSSICAL LlttM4lUtl CL61VOC11M
allow I'l"llaiv.
11110110 wit GWv all, 414111 W a.- Ll,
0, a, or a a 1,10
U
go 0o o 0 go 0 090
0 0 :10 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 0 6 0
0 0 0 0 0
0
It*
.00
-40
.00
.* 0
COO
coo
Z
a*
0
80 0
Woo
use
I woo

Ot" IF 4 1 6 It 1 0 10 1111016"N Its OP 11 m is 1. 0 m 5) 1 4
.4 41. 1--LAL 0
At 0 u
00 A P!P1.01 '00
00 Psull"I Amp
00
*On JU UWmaLlm ]Mwm XoW 10"um) and The
son
Catiladlo. X. M. tkwbywva (Itowd. AW. Nawk (Bull. Arod. Sri.
00 All im-tigati'd14 -00
00 ftw the ml
ftlutisin4y 10 and III",, adwr ilAwmi-A Ow
"imla-mv of&n inImmetion betwwa Lhe codumuniAhi0i is 6-ifig
JeJV~it*41 And
litealWy. with thohmmationofil*414 Polullon rirlw?in -mlodum,
Milo,
It: -00
itomis time didusionafnildmium into the c&tlmK6 takev; phm, I
anapproximaw
valculatirm of the oneff, of difitakin gart, 1 1) - 11 , In- I
em.1 ar doq. =*6
Tim effect ofdopolarimtion in the deposition oreadmium ou the a
h,v uith r-6 0
J;. silver is Lem than that In the mm of the 10% silver alWy-N.
A.'
see
ZOO
X06
it t
u I& AV so as
0 m P 0 IV 044 Stalts man Its
se 0
We&
*A A t a fw 0 1 A w of I
LLD a I
00

so 00 00009 00 0-
W a a v x IN 0 41 u 41
r

A I

L-LA 1

11
a a A- -W. a LA. I L. 1 .1
1 A

'
a 4 P i A
4
O

'6's

D%"UOA Cd MWAk on M U. K, %1.
ClowuMvA (Viompt. rend. AZOOMrlt.H.N.. 1938.

00
'00

'25:-'467
ll
Zft
lti
t
470
Th
d
f

-
s on
on o
ins
a
).-
e
opoe
dl
l
h
b
l
l
l
l

-00

as
een
ectro
s or
acement
s by e
moroocrysta
yo
sp

-00

studied. IU tirleMation of deliosited Zn end (if In

-'00

jwhich
crr"~isea in the name system) convellonds

00

exactly with the utying lattice.
but Cd appeared
I
f
d

an a
rom an e
ge In two dimensions
s growing
r

over I
l Purfam of the nwtwrvpt*l without Any

basic Zu few. .1. AK.

f

ago
-**
4 4

0
T

4

K a K A If tt If Of
0 q : q *00 0
4 6 1
0 n I it
0 0 WO 0 0 0 a so**
W W 1 41 11 1 1

*** **Go**.

.
as a

0 0 09o 0 000 0
0

I pass t

o 9"flulluts to #p R a
1
-Ida it"nslan list Mr
11 a a
Vs 1, W"W 6, vot N ts r
A
A
A -*
1, It '
,.A_A_&_,L Ap Q I to

-so
go

.**
6, 0

.00
00

so
41

Oronabuft Wd UNWA *I I
'7b, I C""s, KX. W

jh'%L~'(7~'"y )'JIM" KJOI. KIM AfrkIA'r. 1143.
S. 142,

-
'106
twmA
1 Thetwim of en-stal Rnmth
rk
i
i
Hu
u:
l

'-so
F

ma
a
,
.
n
).-A
.4
.
aftIA
b
r~e with th~ o1merv,ml
often fail to a
WA
h
f

so
'

M
4
g
ontxx"kirristiona
lm taq p"Wv
mince ibelattet isdetemined by thr vnndit~wwofdiffu%Kui.
rate fpowth
n

I-
oe

.
'
le
d
S
i
f
i

- r

a S
141 rzr
~"W
at"
O. 'M
ng
Zine Wam r1artm&Immited fmm 4.7,V-YM
4111011
b
h
A
i
1
h

=go

&
pin
e v.4
. on t
e
A (
< 1w
line crystid. At a constant nwrrvollar t
vim (1110)1 Ih- A. sr~ th~ fatrofunmils 4 the vrialat fx,,-

Go 0

T
so*

s'
zoo

10

40
t99

it

a fW 0 0 W I W44 !W I'l 4
AT 19) Is
P110411 n it I l% ~34
9 9 0 0 0 *
so q 0 go 00 qgo** 0 0 0 go

0.- - - - W
I I If I It Ito'
00
C4004100011 fOf tht f0fMAUM &Oil r4OPliffitil 01 01"U41- 'Ve
Chem. 11,11, Arad. tki. J61twvw). J. ApplW
CA#A. (U-4.5,R.) 11, 681-70W14)(Hu" mmulary).- 00
C It was Mon that Irm saw. of M050i coots.
it is PmiWg to obtain (with cment yield of u%vt W' )
*AM Mis coatings at c.d. 36 dulp./lIns.1; the costinp
have protectivv piropertks, ComkInabl'! licirdn"-stnif gtkd 06
app-jul- ax $me " they am i"Aliskrz. Vpun mill,mr
=r they "utre a bruwa fim. The custiltso dis. -00
weak acids (Pli. 6-2) ma well as in ncutrili or ba.,k *0
Inabsenctullatirr the vAn.dims
'lot 111-Y As Theinstabdityulthe 40
th May be curreried by bull with At-Oil which am
H "Sion Of 4T1,78sAyle used rWtd, IUU 40
NlLtms, wbUe the cathayle had ZW g./L MS).
00 WIMP and 100 S./l. I Nlf,)pS0,; PH &Wye 0 Irads to
dtpwtkm of bydmted Mn oxiticv. G. M. Ko"olloff
00
*0 0
400
slow #0111hy
141104. "A, A)" as( 71, 4-110. F @$Jill Cla 0. All
. I F I 'A TZA
u 11 &1 1 no 0 m to I 2r
a so 0 DIV 0 u 9 a 14 a Kall 11KKID ft 114 Aft I1 0 a a I
0 f 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 a 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
(40, 0 go 0 0 00 0 00 0 0 o 0 $**go 0 0 0 a
n

r Q
A Is1 0%0 cst101
t 51
&
:A
'WW w
i's #;771
k 't
.,.jet i
-- - -- I

liomentory site

('kwtwlwva artel P.
'

-mpf. prejef, fortsel. V's.
-27 - %A. U.S.S.R.). (
("XIS lh4heefy AW, Nask S.S-S R.

414. M M 11145). - I(trinentmay
c1milumpIn. JWmmwx ast-
-
-
i
h
b
k

c t
thmv-4n4t th"ir
ctic
ing Ls an rxasnp
e
ally
y la
botated growth of a face of a $ingie cmial f0ming put

1~00

of the
rk"mir im an clectrutric cTU. After menselysitV

-00

the st-be-mrs
of r1crtroci, to. the authors "m.

.00

CIWW that they vurec ly
vktkm bet.

Ism growth. bright (la)w thit-kne") changm and
gruwth front spreading velocities. on the one h&A. and

80,

rur"nt and tkvtrolyte cown, on the other. The same
-h
an be U%rd to dewribe, the,
rowth
ro" c4
ine

Joe

1

se
r
c
g
p
thrradlAr crylita1%. nuckus fivrmalken, the growth W

09
004

lottlybedi-al crymal.. and Itol7crytt, 1,11ts. The growth of
te
k b
v
d t
t
41
d
a
li
l f
i

S

got,

m
e
o
r
rom a in
. 4
gam an
m,
e
e
x
o&
to the situm: relations &a exist In ekct.CK.y to.

ee

Frank Goact

Acad. Sci.
Diet. Colloid Electrochem
M4 L ICAL L1110004t CLASWK&IMN
a.
Vol
bu &to 00 It m
I-P
0 0 * : 0 :1* :
0 0 & 0 * a 0 0 0 0 * 0 0 0 0 0
ISO*
Pie*
0
u 0
moo
Inv 00
0
30 1 is
: :

-AAAAA
00
P ;-09
of go
of
.00
Of True Urystallothemical Theory of the Growth of
Crystals During Flectrolysh. (lit Rumlam) K. M. Gor. Is*
00 a7'
b v .And P. 1). Dankov. Usprkhi Khimh (11i;,77 .00
ress in Chemistry), v. 17, Nov.-Der, 1948, p. 710-732. 111
On the baois of analysis of theoretical and experl- g, =00
j merttal matAirlul, the Impurtance of crystallochem
feal, papolvation. concentration, snil hydrodynamic coo
fbeti)rs on the mechanism of the process of depool-
'3: Lion of metxls during electrolyaU I* IndicaW. coo
Consideration of these factors permits develop.
ment of the new theory of variation of electrode
potential and dipcharRe voltaKe during these 2V*
processes. 31 ref.
S410
too
-- -- --- off
A OtIALLUK 11 AL kIIINAIVIt CL&VWKXII0%
--- W" -0 F-9 -1-di-G,
U Is AV 90 91;;g- j, a p 11 CV 44 W At 1( $A it tj U it X KLO It
-1-0

(C to it t

00

00

go

f
Thip thickil"Is of the ukilt lay##$ Of alcath vin matal

00

to
tneatulmieritt.

00

(1,141-UnOVA Will I - V- I'll-' Its

(J. miys: chl 1.) 22.
livIO-42i Is) 1%). -71 he

tuugh~e%s of Ax try~ljl%
fli~0-1q-t,iteIl from :1 X AK-

NCh was drld. by miam of A I-kilrok
"
Wt
A I
k

rani
u
,
ro %h 8. Itanp
The qrps hall no nofform I his

it) 0 &N.. The I vilhed 1160 aloox
011C %lep, t K~' (111111

11h.' toil, l7m, I*attp of ocir vryml
1.%,v mijtl'~t of

,

I ',

Willi vath sillivi all.) %%I wt- curveIl. III, ~- III "ga
ver :1
t
ti
I
I
11
t
d 1
M

00
00
001,

"
.141 'e* are Pf'
w romec
oil 'utivill, "
II,
t 1
uce
the sun colicu, 13car the front of crystal gro%tis.

300

A I a I, t
a OllactueGICAL kilralivat CLASSWKatlam t z

tk-

4-1 'v YA

%
U S 11 10 ,li
0 o is a

0 It I, a it U It a a 11 It
v im
KW n I IN& 1A
v
p
0 0 g 00 Isio o go 0

go *so 0 0
0 All, 0 0 0 0 0 0 go 00
0 0
0 of
46610 0 oo

00 0 Ut

6 it J.- -h L A- r it y 1A
(2PIflt

01galragiegludy of the
few i1o Slim crystal.
4.1 zillikova. 74mr. Fic Kki-.
110.17 POWS).- - Ag- MA111CON,
X tit 3 N AgNth m4t1h. rufflo,
ilit- fille Ol Vj0WIh 1AA% VISSiMl
mid lite turivnt bUctifill I lWt*rrtl

0'

u
01

vtty. %%'hcn lite t ill. Itet
i1 I it tricTrItiV ell, t"UIV vkik~
it recul
l.a4gilla Inlan It 1 1" 1) 8 t
jjj.jjq:r-tt thrvolu.i
,%tlwt~ttn. 6 fetimml twfive
J.,il"l un 01V I-ic face ill
AI... thr lite 0111it-
Wit-,aradmilif t~ Thr 014

#

-Amn
m
^',
e
foiatIl.
1itir"
11111 111A 1-44 11 Ill #60 11"Itt.1 INliltvis
'Off
NO
A S b - t t I *11ALll,M1k&4 11114414,01 CLAWricalmh
11-141 4 -4 9 4
.:-, il
if 00 Is
i a It I it-
it ~11 "I
0 * a
~404 C, 0 0
0 o 0 & o 0 & a a
it, I'(.:

cAtlacde poicnisal during
-00

K. lit. l1oprbunciv. is"d
22
"00

.
iW S P thit k, " t1r 4fil" 11 'l1

.00

(Ur., 41.1. g. 4 crtatin pCI I
~

Ilit"VI'll N' 41111 24111 P Mill
60

10 1 AIVI :41 It'
-0*

the
grovittig AK (3(tukh

'trill. with All %~- 1114W-11111,11

-ilkthw%
wilb 14-mail.

Igoe

Thry nor 411111,111"1 ill

ill C -1 40, VVV~,

it mw I-t%o 4 At
I, il-

lite filmurni ; imin"lutriv

00
it rrfil jill.1 gt-A.Itiallv

--f Ow ti-r-

go
It 4 dfol

too

'
l
"

a
m0 w 4w 3 As
e
l
W

* 09 0 0 0 *

0 0 0 0
: 0
- . -*4_0 S= 0.

I.:'CrystalIA tall=
*drys ,tallL zati on Mechanisms.. of Thin
Si Ir-er
Mame I. Zhukors
nts," K. M. Gorbunova, A.
lost of Phys Chem, Acad SqI'USSEtj lab of
~_Structure of Surface Filmsi Moscow, 10
IJZ~pp
"Zhur Fiz KUm" Vol XXT N
.'D~temines increase La. rate.of
elongation of
thread-like crystals of silver during a
eprease in the current of the cell to be
awi.
MOh 1" 2.5 times. ConsiderAVIe
inoreae~'.of
I/S.,(I.;currentp S-filameat siotion)-is
not
58/491091

?)WaL. aAgAt4e
Cryatal-Chomical and Diffusion Mechanism --1
Electro-Crystallization (If silver).
-_X.X.-4ar6onav&-.ani F.D. Dqn'-~ov (Zhar. Tiz. KhIrr.,
19149, 23, (5), 616-
!;2h).- In Massian.) 0. and D. first consider
theoretienlly the electrolytic growth
.-.of fil1forn Ag crystals from soln. an the current is
suddenly increased or decreased
Tn the latter case t~he end face of the crystal grows
preferentiklly at the
eantre until it reaches a proportiQnately smaller
cross-soctional area. Both
Lbe.no effects ha-e been observed. 0. and D. then
cr,,nsider the arf ect of diffusion
xdn nnd -46.L the jrowinr face nr, 1-o-n-Itudinal growth
rate
with crosr-sectional aren In very f Ine f iliforn
cryatals. A dimensional treatment
of the problen yields an expressnion which, with the
appropriate numerical
paraznel.er3, can be fitted to 0. and ZhWcovals results
(ib!l., p. 6.05:precodirkc;
abstract) on the growth of Ag in AfNO soln. contq,
3 . traces of Keic acid or
gelatin. Finally, G. and D. consiaer G. and Zhukovals
observation (loc. cit.)
that at high currents k. cm-stala tend to become
dendrItle. This Is expl-linod b-
periodic impoverishment of the soln. in fron ts of the
rrowning end face, so
6at the crfsllnl f-row3 nnore e,tisily on -a side face.
G.B.11.

I --Q

GORKMOVA K N.
Gorbunova K. M. The work of academician V, A. Kistiakovvkii and its
development.
(on histff-~~thday.) Page 3170.
SOs Journal of Physical Chemistry, Vol. 74, No. lo. October 1950.
" 0i
SN
ail:
-CV IT
ISM

Lem stry , Else Avg 5 1
/6bewd trolytic Deposition
"Structure of Bright Electrolytic Deposits
and
Mechanism of Their Formation.
Electron-Microse4ic
,ad Electrono~raphlc Investigation of
Bright
Nickel and, Zinc Coatings," K. M.
Gorbimovs, T. V.
Ivanovskaya, )W. A., Shishakov, Inat Phyii
Chem,
H6scow, Acad'Sci USSR
"Zhur Fiz MAm" Vol XXV, Wo 8, pp 981-987
Finds that bright cathodically deposited
metal
coatings"f6rm as result of electrolytic
polishing
vhich occurs,vben;the.metal orwface is
covered
19OT2i
UWR/chemistry ElectrolvtIc Deposition Aug
51
~j-d)7-
(Co
vith sufficiently thick filmof bydroxi4e.
Pres-
once Of film i516186 essential in anodic
polish-
,4 :in order that a:brIght srxface-.may
form.
190M

nrUMM"'YA T. V.; wRnT%WA'- T. V.
Crystallography
%thod for determination of the relief 6f microarystal faces with
the aid of
the interference of multireflected rays. Trudy Inst. fiz. khimii
JUI SSSR,
No. 1, 1952.
9. Monthly List of Russian Accessions, Library of Congress,
December 1951. Unclassifik

(ItCREUMM, K. M.
2. IJ:3SR (600 j
4. Chemists
7. Acad. Vladimir Aleksandrovich Kistiakovskii. Obituary, Zhur.
fiz. khinn. 26,
no. 12, 1952.
9. Monthly List of Russian Accessions# Library of Congress, May
.1953. Unclassif ie4
7777=

A, K. 11,11. ::'Ir/Arr 53
USSR/ Ph,!,7 ic, s - Elactrono,.-ophy, Nickel Dapoc-U3
117loctr,-no-,--.aph-'.c lnvesti~;,qtion of Electrolytic
Deposits of Nickel," K.N. C-cr,,unova and
:1 -
11. A. Shishak~-,v, Inst of Phys Cho-nistry, Acd Sci ILSSR
Iz All~ ',1a0( SSSIR, Ser F-*.-z, Vol 17, Ilo 2, -p 242-2'~5
Continue Previous stuiies (K.1.1. ct al, Zhur F-'Iz Khip.,
2~,891 (19rl) on
structure ard mechanim of histrous electrolytic deposl-t-c.
A'-ter#. t -- 'en-at-Ion
of electrol3tic depocits of Ni 'crystals by analy.-Is Of
T-att-rns.
Rocel 0,1 17 Fel' 53-
2&~,Tqrv

Chemical Abet-

U_
v W1. 48 NO.

Apr. 25 9 192A -

tutaliurgy I*tallograptly

Adher"jol slif mid&" Rj
U-b-NA., Moscow). Zhur. Fis. K*f*. rf, Iri-M 19m),
-The work ~*lej , cm.) of Peellow art cletirodepasucd
coatins." M. th ek, of Zu from sul Fe ~Urfue ivas 0.2.,
for PWL4*d Ft and for Pe passivated In HNO~, 0.18 for rLir.
dried Fe, 0.18 fcc Pe panivated In satd. KjCrA or 30%
H*%, 0.11 for Fe pa-Avattd In 3atd. ]UrOi, D.10 for Fe
poksivated In 4N NaOH, and 0.01 for the octahedma (am
of *mapetite. Then values included 3-10% for bettling
the scpd. Zn ship. The rupture always occurred in the Zn
Iwer, normally to the boxis Planeg (0001). The area of
contact between Zn and-the Fe surface wazi lea for p4v,.tjve
than for nomal Fe. The work of rupturing the Zn coating
1000 times as Xteat as the energy of the newly
Prox.
Mltl~ wrface. Apparently, approx. 900 atoins am ptilled
away from their ntighbm almost to the limiting distance
Wore one atorn tnovt3 beyond this distance and starts a'
J. J. Bikermart

.Authore Gorbunova, K. H., and Nikiforova, A. A.
Title Reduction of nickel with hypophosphite. Part 1. - State of
formation
and certain propcrtiee of coatings
Periodical Zhur. Fiz. Khim.t 28p Ed. 5j 883 - 8960 May 1954
Abstrwt The reaction conditions leading to the reduetion of nickel
in solutions
containing hypopho.3phite, and the effect of individual factors
such as
temperature, pH, concentration of hypophosphite, nickel salts, etc.
on
the rate of nickel reduction were investigated. The reduction of
nickel
is followed by the oxidation of the hypophosphite and the formation
of
certain oxidation products. Coatings obtained by the chervAcal
reduction
process showed even and good cohesion with the basic metal, lower
elasti-
city,- increased wear resistance and highly r4otective properties.
Nine
references: I-USSH., 1-USA Bur, of Standards, 5-Germanp 2-French.
Tables,
graphs, photos.
Inetitut ion Acad. of Sc. USSR, Institut6 of Physical Chemistry,
Moscow
Suboitted Sept. 30, 1953
W7-

G EMOVA K-. * M,
USSR/ChorAstry Reduction
-Card - 1/1
and Nikiforova, A. A.
Authors Gorbunova
Title Reduction of nickel with hypophosphite. Part 2. Problems of
the reac-
tion mechanism
PerWical Zhur. Fiv.. Khim., 28, Ed. 5, 897 -1 901, May.1954
Abstract The first phase of the nickel reduction process consists)
in catalytic de-
comnosition, of the hypophosphite with water and the formation of
hydroger
The oxidatioa of the hyponbosphite into hypophosphate and phosphate
is
considered a possibility. The second uhaae is the reaction of the
active
hydrogen with the nickel ion and the formition of rrtallic nickel.
There
is also an additional reaction, namely, the reactior.between the
hydrogen
and the hypophosphite leading to the reduction of the phosphorus
into an
atom state. Six references: 2-USSR, 2- '"Yerman, 2-USA. Table,
graph.
Institution Acadi~ of Se. USSR, institute of Physical Chemistr7,
Moscow
Submitted 'Sent. 30, 1953

GORBUNOVA, K. M. And USLAAMKOV, V. A.
"Results of Research on the Kinetic of Oxydation of Molybdemmi
and T.,ingsten
and on the Nature of the Oxydes That Appear", a report presented
at the 6th
Conference on Chemical Physics, Paris, 10,56.

USSR/Physical Chemistry - Electrochemistry, B-12
Abs Jour Referat Zhur - Khimiya, Wo 6) 25 March 1957,
18706
K
Author Poluarov, Yu.M., and Gorbunova, K.
Inst RZhKhim, 1956, 71289
Title Some Problems of the Thoory of
Electroprecipitation of
Alloys. II. Examination of the Displacement of
Potentials
of the Discharge of Ions When the Alloy is Being Formed.
Orig Pub Zh. fiz. khimii, 1956, 30, lio 4, 871-877
Abstract The authors investigated the possibility of
utilizing
the values, computed from thermochemical data and refer-
ring to the displacement of a counterbalanced potential
of an electronegative metal, for the energy of its
inter-
action with another metal., in order to solve the
question
of potentials of ion discharge during the
electroprecipi-
tation of an alloy uhich precipitation is an unbs1anced
process. On the basis of electrochemical investigation
in aqueous solutions and in molten electrolytes, it is
Card 1/2 - 312 -

'USSR/Physical Chemistry - Electrochemistry. B-12
Abs Jour Referat Zhur - Khimiya, No 6, 25 March
1957, 187o6
established that, in the case of the systems Cu-Zn)
Mg-Bi.
Mg-Cd and Mg-Al) we observe that a potential of the
dis-
charge of ions of metals are exalted when they enter
into
the alloy, and this exalting coincide with the value
com-
puted on the basis of data for the change of partial
mo-
lal thermodynamic potentials. On the basis of
thermocyna-
mic computations it is shown that there is a
possibility
of co- precipitation of Al and Ni or Co from aqueous
solu-
tions when potentials of the cathode are sufficiently
high. Precipitates of Ni and Co containing up to
50/o Al
were obtained from a bath consisting of
A12(SO4)3#18H20
(80 gle) + citric acid (200 g/)) with content of
Ni or Co up to 0.2 n.
Part I see RZhKhim, 1956, 71289.
Card 2/2 313 -

V.I., professor, doktor; XIJDRYAVTSIV, X.T., professor,
dok-tor;
GOIRERNI rJ6 professor, doktor. rotmenzent; DOXIN,,N.I.F,
VA.9 lndhsx*t, retsonzent; CEMOT,.A.N.,
r*daktor;-L4#ATWA',',OjN., redaktor. isdatellotya;
ATTOPOVICH, N.I.,
tokhnichookir rodaktor.
-GoloVy Callvanostogil. -Izd.3-e;
(Principloo.of"olbetroplating]. 0
perer.i dap-. 'Xo.lk-tik, Goo. uauahno-rtskhnalvd-vd-flt-:ry
po'chernoi i
tevoinai ustallurgit. '?t,2. 1957.~~647 P. (Xin 10:11)
Ollectroplating)

S/564/57/000/000/00"'/029
D258,/1)307
jXTHIORS:
TITLE:
SOURCE:
Gorbimova, K. M., Popo-va, 0. S., Sutyagina, A.
A., and Folukarov, Yu. M.
Mechanism of grovith and structure of metallic
derosits formed during electrocrystallization
Rost krictallov; doklady na Pervom soveshchanii
po rostu kristallov, 19565 g. Moscow, Izd-vo
AN SSSR9 19579 58-66
TEXT: The present article is a review of some of the authors'
earlier studies and other work; attention is focused on some
J,egularities concerning the cathode deposition of metals, as
dense or porous, derdritic, coatings. An increase in the elso-
,;rolysis current leads to an increase in tPhe surface o! the
cr-~.-:taliizzing metal , ieading to an increane in the numbe,--
(-rystals or to dendritization, according to oonditions-
Ei c c c u re at. the s;i t,.i

F
Mechanism of growth...
S/564/57/'000/000/UO3/029
D256/D307
rope
3) rties of such polydendritic and of dense galvanic coatings
are indicated, and conditions leading to the formation of elec-
trolytic deposits with a predetermined crystal orientation are
discussed with particular reference to the earlier work of Gcr-
bunova. It is believed that orientation may be ascribed to the
imequal rates of gro?nh- of variously oriented crystals. Fiesible
riecdanisms for the formation of texture on coatings are indicated.
An account is also given of the authors' earlier study of Internall
fitresses in galvanic coatings, particularly in the presenc-- o-':'
our."ace-active compc-Lnds, and of the conditions 1eadinr: 11c
I cc, c- There R:-p
A n n o Y) -
Card 212

137 - 58-4-78 42
Translation from: Referativnyy zhurnal, Metdlturgiya, 1958,
Nr 4, p 2 11 (USSR)
AUTHORS: Gor ova, K. M. , Popova, 0. S. , Sutyagina, A. A. ,
Polukarov.
tjjjL_
M _. ,
TITLE: Mechanism of Growth and Structure of Precipitates of
Metals
Produced by Electrical Crystallization (Mekhanizm rosta i
stro-
yeniye osadkov metalla, voznikayushchikh pri
elektrokristallizat-
sii)
PERIODICAL: V sb. : Rost kristallov. Moscow, AN SSSR, 1957,
pp 58-66
ABSTRACT: Certain principles of the growth on the cathode of
an electro-
lytic cell of deposits (D) of metal in the form of dense
coatings or
loose dendritic structures are examined. K. M. Gorbunova
shows
that when single crystals are formed, an increase in current
I re-
sults in the I/ES-K ratio remaining constant because of the
increaso
in the surface of growth. This latter results in a
transition from
growth. of the single crystal to the growth of
multicrystalline D (a
relatively high concentration of discharging ions occurs) or
to a
growth of dendritic D (a low concentration of discharging
ions).
Dense polycrystalline D grow when Z;S-S is attained at the
cathode.
Gard 1/3 Subsequently, further increase in I can occur only
when there is

137-58-4-7842
Mechanism of Growth and Structure (cont.
a drop in the concentration of ions at the cathode. At a
given I, the ion concen-
tration at the cathode may prove to be close to zero: the
maximum diffusion
current is attained (MDC). Powder D form upon
electrocrystallization under
MDC conditions. The particles of the powder D are
extremely fine dendrites,
the angles between the branches of which are determitned
by the crystallogra-
phic nature of the metal. For Zn,powder, the angle is 600.
In dense crystal-
line D the anisotropy of properties such as the magnetic,
the linear compressi-
bility, resistivity, thermal expansion, resistance to
corrosion, etc. , are de-
termined by texture (orientation of all the crystals of
the D in a given crystal-
lographic direction). The authors hold that in the case of
D with crystals above
a certain size and small internal stresses (IS), it is
more accurate to regard
texture as "growth texture, " Texture comes into being is
the result of com-
petition between crystals of different orientations, as
the ionic building blocks
brought up to the growing crystals are put to use. The
change in the texture
axis with change in the conditions of electrolysis is
explained by the change in
the ratios of the growth rates in different directions.
The unique adherence
of the texture of Zn and Cd D to a 6th-order axis [ 0001]
c on application of
an alternating current, with the surfaces bounded not by
apices but by the faces
of the base, may be explained in terms of the concepts
developed by Kaishev
and Bliznakov. X-ray and magnetic studies have made ;t
possible to determine
Card 2/3

137-58-4-7842
Mechanism of Growth and Structure (cont.
that IS anisotropy exists in Ni deposits,. and also that the IS of
Ni is not directly
related to the amount of occluded Hz. Introduction of brighti~ning
agents in the
bath leads to the formation of deposits not having the definite,
clearly defined
boundaries characteristic of crystals. and the D consist of
rounded forms.
O~ P.
1. Cathodes--Deposits--Structural,analysis 2-
Metals--Crystallization--Str,,ic--
tural analysis
Card 3/3

GORBUNOVA K.M.; NIKIFOROVA, A.A.
Studying the mechanism of inclusion of phosphorus In
nickel
platings by means of the radioactive isotope P32[with
summary
in English]. Zhur.fiz.khim-31 no.8.,1687-i692 Ag '57.
(MIRA 10:12)
1. AN SSSR, Institut fizicheskoy khimii, Moskva.
(Nickel plating) (Phosphorus--Isotopes)

76-lo-16/34
AUTHORSt Polukarov, Yu*M., Gorbunova, K.M.
TITLE: Some Problems in the Theory of the Electrodeposition of Alloys.
IV. Osoillographic Study of the Cathodic Potential in the Al-
loy Deposition Process. (Nekotoryye vopposy teorii elektroosa-
zhdeniya eplavov. IV. Ostaillograficheakoye isaledovaniye poten-
taiala katoda v protsesse osazhdeniya splavov)
PERIODICALt Zhurnal Fizioheakoy Khimii, 19579 Vol. 31, Nr 10, pp. 2281-2287
(USSR)
ABSTRACTs It was the purpose of the task to explain the dependence of the
character of the cathode potential variation on the phase struc-
ture of the forming alloy (continuous series of solid solutions,
some solid solutions, formation of chemical compounds or eu-
tectic mixture). The attention in the investigation was attract-
ed by the solution of the-quest-ilon whether the ion discharge
takes place simultaneously in both metals or subsequently and
to which extent the type of the resulting deposition structure
is connected withthe electrochemical characteristics of the
process. It is shown that the ion discharge in the formation of
Card 1/2 silver-mercury and ailver-cadmium alloys which occur at the ca-

76-10-16/34.,
Some Problems in the Theory of the Blectrodeposition of
Alloys. IV. Oscillo-
graphic Study of the Cathodic Potential in the Alloy Deposition
Process
thode potentials which exceed the potentials of the ion dip-
charges of the metal electronegative to the greatest extent
given in the solution, occurs simultaneously and not by means
of a subsequent discharge process of the various ions. This"
detection agrees with the data of the radiographic analyseslt
carried out by different authors. On the strength of the micro-
scopic observation it is shown that the potential fluctuation
found in some cases at the surface of the mercury is in the
base
of deposition of the ailver-meroury alloy connected with them
periodic dissolution of the OL -phase of the alloy in mercury.
There are 4 figures and 4 Slavic references.
ASSOCIATIONt
SUBMITTEDs
AVAILABLEt
Card 2/2
Institute for Physical Chemistry of the AN USSR
(Akademiya nauk SSSR. Institut fizioheskoy khimii)
September 4, 1956
Library of Congress

) q /V6 I/ K' /11,
Zo R R
AUTHORS: Polukarov, Yu.11., Gorbunova, X.M. 76-12-12/27
TITLE: Some Questions From the Theory on the
Electro-Deposition of Alloys
(liekotoryye voprosy teorn elektroosazbdeniya splavov)
V. Osoillographic Investigation of the Cathoae-Potential
During the
Deposition of the Alloy (Oopper-Zino, Copper-Leaa, and Nidkel-
Cobalt System) (V. 0staillogmficheskoye isoleaovaniye
potentsiala
katoaa v protsesse osazhaenlya splava (sistemy meal-taink,
meal-
svinets i nickel' -koball t) -
PERIODICAL; Zhurnal Fizichaskoy Khimii, 1957, Vol. 31, Nr 12,
pp. 2682-2689 (USSR)
ABSTRACT: The following systems were investigated-
Copper-zinc system (a system
vrlth some solid solutions and a coaaiderable amount of
mixture-
eaergy), copper-lead system (system of euteatio type), and
the nick-
-.1-odbalt system (continuous series of solid solutions). The
method
described in the previous work Ref. I was applied. The
following
vas stated: 1.) Potential- changes vrith & great period of
oscillation
within vibich osoillatione vrith a smaller period took place,
were
stated with the depositions of the copper-lead and
nickel-odbalt
alloys. 2.) It was stated that the great periods of
cathode-poten-
Card 1/3 tial-ohange (with the deposition of nickel-acbalt-
and copper-lead

Some Questions From the Theory on the Eleotro-Deposition
76-12-12/27
of Alloys. V. Oscil-lographio Investigation of the Cathode-
Potential During the Deposition of the Alloy (Copper-Zinc,
Coppex-Leads and Nickel-Cobalt Syistms)
alloys) recorded on the osoillogram , correspond to the time
re-
qidlrea for the formiion of a I.Vrer in the dePosition- 3-)
In order
to claxify the nature of the potential-osoillations during
the Pro-
cess of depositions of allays, A-tch is accompanied by a
process of
bydrogen separation, osaillograum for the process of
bydrogen-ion-
discharge on copper u4 sino frcm a cyanogen, solution were
plotted.
It was shown in this context that the cathode-potential with
the dis-
charge of hydrogen-ions changes periodicallv. 4.) It was
stated that
the potential oscillatiow with a small period at the
deposition of
alloys deperA on the -process of bydrogen-precipitation. 5-)
No sub-
stantial difference Yras dicooverea in the character of the
change of
the cathode-potential. during the process of ion-aischarge
with for-
mation of alloys Y&ir-h belong to the various types of
equilibrium
diagram. There are 5 figures, and 6 references, 5 of which
are Sla-
Cara 213

Some Questions From the Theory on the Blectro-Deposition
76-12-12/27
of Alloys. V. Osoillographio Investigation of the Cathoae-
Potential During the Deposition of the Alloy (Copper-Zino,
Copper-Lead, and Nickel-Cobalt Systems)
ASSOCIATICK: AN USSR. Institute of Physical Chemistry,
Moscow (Akademiya
nauk SSSR. Institut fizicheskoy kh4m4i, Moskva).
SMMITT.W: September 4, 1956
AVAIWLE: Library of Congress
Card V3

SOV/123-59--;15-59861
Translation from: Referativnyy zhurnal. MashinostroyeniYe, 1959,
Mr 15, p 136 (UssR)
AUTHORS- Nikiforova, A.A.,,Gorbunov
TITLE: Methods of Intensifying the Process of Chemical Nickel
Plating
PERIODICAL: Fil. Vses. in-ta nauchn. i tekhn. inform. M., 1958,
20 pages, illustrated,
6 rubles.
ABSTRACT- The book has not been reviewed.
Card 1/1

SOV,/137-59-4-8380
Translation fromt Referativnyy zhurnal, Metallurglya, 1959, Nr
4, p 14q (USSR)
AUTHORS.- TzXskkoyl- --,-aorbwiova K.M.
T=t Investigations into iron Diffusion in Corundum, Magnetite
and Rutile
With the Use of a Fe59 Tracer
I
PERIODICALs V sb.: Metallurgiya I Metal-lovedeniye, Moscow, AS
USSR, 1958~ PP 511-514
ABSTRACTs Tablets of 10 mm in diameter and - 5 mm thickness
were used as samples,
They were prepared by pressing ox1de powders under 4,000 k&/om2
pressure
and sintering at 1,OOOOC during 50 hours. Radloaotive Fe59 was
applied
by the method of evaporation in a vaouum. Diffusion annealing
at 770 -
1 2000C was oarried out In a vaouum (10-2 - 10-3 mm Hg) and In
the air.
& coefficient of diffusion D was measured by two methods, I.e.
removing
of layers-and absorption. Eaoh distribution curve of activation
N over
thiokness -.ZL of the sample in the lgN-x2 coordinates reveals
two portions,
Card 1/2 the initial portion pertains to diffusion In the
volume of an oxide grain;

SOV/137-59-4-8380
Investigations Into iron-Diffusion in Corundum, Magnetite and
Rutile With the Use of
a Fe59 Tracer
'the final portion pertains to diffusion along the grain
boundaries (the grain size
is - 1 - 10 0. Averaged values of voluminar and boundary diffusion
by the method
,A
of removing layers) are in a satisfactory agreement with'results
obtained by the
absorption method.
Card 2/2

SOV/126-,--7-5-lV25
AUTHORS: Izvekov, V. I. and Gorbunova., ho M.
TITLE: Investigation of diffusion of Iron in Corundum and hutile by
Means of the Fe Indicator (lasledovanlye diffuzii
zheleza v korunde i rutile a pomoshchlyu indikatora F959)
PERIODICAL: Fizika metallov i metallovedeniye, Vol 7, fir 5, pp 713-721
(USSR) Ili 5
ABSTRACT: In this report a few data are quoted which are characteristic
of the diffusion process of iron in cc-A1203 (corundum) and
T102 (rut"e) and were obtained by using radioactive iron
59
Fe . The specimens were made from powders of A120, and
T102* Foreign inclusions in the A120j powder were 0.1~6
S102, 0.05% Fe, 0.1% alkali metal sal s, 0.2% SU4 and
0.05% Cl; and in T102 0.1% of substances which are not
precipitated by ammonia, 0.01% Fe and 0905h heavy metals
of the H23 group. The specimens were cylindrical, with a:
diameter of 10 mm and thickness of 3-5 mm and were press,
Card fromE owders. The pressure of the press used was 4000-50UU
1/6 k&/cm . The original powder was moistened with water in order
to ensure greater strength of the specimen. After pressing, tk
'0i

SOV/126.- - -7-`-14/2 ~
Inyestietion of Diffusion of Iron in Corundum and fiutile by
Means of
the Fe Indicator
specimens were dried at 100-2000C for 10 hours. The sub-
sequent baking of the specimens was carried out at 110000
(for T102) and 1400OG (for A1203) for 50 hours in an
atmosphere of air or in a vacuum of 10-2_10-3 mm Hg. As
a result of the baking of the T102 specimens a noticeable
sagging and bending of their end faces was noticeable. This
does not occur when baking A1203 specimens. In order to
obtain a flat surface the end faces of the specimens were
groundwith emery paper. To remove stresses which are
introduced during the. manufacture of the specimens the latter
were submitted to a lengthy (20-25 hours) anneal (homogen-
ization) at the highest temperatures at which diffus'-s").
experiments were a7Absequently carried out (above 1000 C
After these operations the specimens we to ready for covering
with a layer of iron containing the Fe indicator* The
Card strength of the specimens used for experiments was
determined
2/6 by a weight method. For corundum it wts an average of
2 g/ =3 and for rutile 3,03-3.69 g/emO. The coating of

SOV /1 -6- - - - 7- 5- 14/2
4
Investigation of Diffusion of Iron in Corundum and Rutile by
Means of
the Fe Indicator
specimens with a radlosotive layer of the indicator was 61
carried out in vacuum by means of evaporating iron, and the Fe
indicator, and subsequent condensation of the metal Yapour on
the specimens to be investigated. The coating of the specimen
with a layer of marked iron atoms was carried out in a vaouum
alparatus made of molybdenum glass (Fig.1). The diffusion.
annealing was oarried out in quartz tubes in furnac-as with an
automatic temperature regulation. Rutile 0specimens were hold
in an air atmosphere at Roos, 900 and 1000 G, and in the oase
Of VOLCUUM annealing (10---10- mm Hg.) at 770, 860, 900,
950 and 100000. The diffusion in co rundum was studied
under heating oonditions at 900, 1000 and 1.1000C. The
temperature was measured by Pt-PtRh and chromal-alumal
thermocouplea placed In the zone in which the speeimens were
situated inside the quartz tubes. For determination of the
diffusion coefficients of iron in eorundum and rutile two
methods were useds (a) an absorption method, in whieh thQ
Card diffusion constants D for eaeh temperature were
oaloulated
3/6 from the decrease of activity in time, which is determined
from the direction of the applied radioactive substanes~

SOIT1126_ - 7_5_1L/2_5
InvestigAtion of Diffusion of Iron in Corundum and Rutile by Means
of
the Fevu Indioator
(b) a method.involving repeated removal, by mechanical grinding
of layers after lengthy annealing. The activity of the
specimen was determined after each grinding operation. On the
basis of the r*&Ats obtained an activity distribution curve along
the depth of the speolmen has been constructed waica
enables the diffusion coefficient to be calculated. Prelim-
inary experiments with corundum specimens in an air atmosphere
have shown that there is no fall in activity under absorption
measurement conditions even after lengthy aunealing (200 hours
at 100000. The layer removal mothodAhas enabled activity
distr'ibution curves along the thickness of the specimens of
oorundum, soaked in vacuum at 900, 1000 and 110000, to be
obtained within the coordinates (N - x), one of which is
shown in Fig.3; and its form in the semi-logarithmic
coordinates log N a f(xZ) is shown in Fig.4. On the basis
of these curves the diffusion coefficients of iron in
Card cc-A1203 have been determined and are shown in Table 1
4/6 (p 717). In Fig.5 the straight lines 1 and 2 reflect the

I
sov/126- ---7-r;-lV2~
Investigation of Diffusion of Iron in Corundum and Rutilo by
Means of
the PQ Indicator
diffusion process along the boundary surfaces and in the
grain depth respectively. The results of experimental
determinations of diffusion coefficient's of iron in rutile
on annealing~in an air atmosphere are shown in Table 2 (p 718).
In the absorption measurements rutile specimens were
periodleall
removed from the furnace. The fall in activity for 'Whree
rutilo specimens at different temperatures in relation to the
time of heating is shown in Fig.6- The activity distribution
along the depth of the specimens was again determined by
the layer removal mQthod. From the results of Table 2 the
relationship log D = f(I/T) has been conatructed (Fig97).
The final values for the diffusion coefficients obtained in
annealing rutile specimens In Tacuum are shown iii Tablo 3
(P 718). From.the results of Table 3 the relationshIp
log D g f(l/T) was constructed (Fig.8). The values of the
activa ion energy Q and the pro-exponential multipliers Do
Card for rutile under various experimental conditions,
caloulated
5/6 from experimental resultsp are shown in Table 4(p 720).
There are 8 figures, 4 tables and 17 references, of which
5 are Soviet, 3 English, 8 Scandinavian and 1 German.
77777777MM&''

SOV1126-- -7-5-14/25
Investig4tion of Diffusion of Iron in Coruad= and Rutile by
Means of
the F*011 Indioator
ASSOCIATION: Institut fisicheskoy khl-ii AN SSSR (Institute
of
Physioal Chemistry, Aoademy of Scieneas, USSR)
SUBMITTED: November 2, 19517
Card 6/6

AUTHORS: Polukarov, Yu, M., Gorbunova, K. M. 76-32-4-5/43
TITLE: Some Problems Concerning the Theory of Blectro-Depo-
sition of Alloys (Nekotoryye voprosy teorii elektro-
osazhdeniya splavov).
VI. The Mechanism of the Formation of Supersaturated
Solid Solutions and of Two-Phase Systems During the
Blectroory8tallization of Alloys (VI. 0 mekhanizme
obrazovaniya peresyshchennykh tverdykh rastvorov i
dvukhfaznykh sistem pri elektrokristallizataii splavw~
PERIODICkLi Zhurnal Fizicheskoy Khimii, 1958, Vol. 32, Nr 4,
PP- 762-768 (USSR)
A~BSTRACT: After Jaeobi (Reference 1) found the possibility
of
electric copper and zinc deposition the problem arose
if the deposit was a mixture of the metallic crystals
or an alloy. This problem was radiographically investi-
gated; works by Nakamura (Reference 1), Kersten (Refe-
rence 2), Roux and Cournot (Reference 3), Stillwell and
Stout (Reference 4) 1 Umanskiy and Layner (Reference 6)
Card 1/4 Bechard (Reference 9), Raub and Krause (Reference
1o)
77,~,

Some Problems Concerning the Theory of Blectro-
76-32-4-5/43
Deposition of Alloys.
V1. The Mechanism of the Formation of Supersaturated
Solid Solutions and of Two-Phase Systems During the
Electrocrystallization of Alloys
and by Raub and Engel (References 13, 16) are known in
this connection, and they are explained in the present
paper. As the problem mentioned in the title has never
been examined until now and on the other hand might be
an important contribution to the prediction of alloying
properties the authors investigated in this paper the
formation and the growth of a new alloying phase on the
cathode. The increase of the cathode potential with the
connection to the current source was already observed by
Volmer et al. (Reference 21), he also explained it and
afterwards they made considerations in connection with
the change of the cathode potential which are to make
possible the determination of the deposition structure.
For this purpose investigations of the function of the
deposition structure of the alloy on the magnitude of the
cathode potential were carried out. From the experimen-
tal part can be seen that three systems were usedt copper-
Card 2A silver, copper-lead, and copper-nickel. It was
observed

Some Problems Concerning the Theory of Electro-
76-32-4-5/43
-Deposition of Alloys.
VI. The Mechanism of the Formation of Supersaturated
Solid Solutions and of Two-Phase Systems During the
Electrocrystallization of Alloys
that in the case of electro-depositions which are located
at cathode potentials in the near of the potential of
equilibrium (with lead) the formation of supersaturated
solid solutions (of lead in copper) are to be expected,
while in the case of depositions of alloys with higher
chemical polarization at high current densities the
forma-
tion of two-phase systems can take place, also in systems
which in equilibrium supply a continuous series of solid
solutions. The deposition of the copper-nickel alloy is
mentioned as examplej here a solid solution separates at
low current densities, while at high current densities
the
excess voltage is so great that an own formation of
nickel.
phase takes place.
There are 3 figures, 1 table and 23 references, 7 of
which are Soviet.
Card 3/4

Some Problems Concerning the Theory of Blootro- 76-32-4-5/43
Deposition of Alloys.
VI. The Mechanism of the Formation of Supersaturated Solid
Solutions and of Two-Phase Systems During the
Electrocrystallization
of Alloys.
ASSOCUTIONt Akademiya nauk SSSR Institut fizicheskoy
khimii,Uoakva
(Institute of Physicai Chemiestry, AS USSR# Moscow)
SUBMITTEDt September 4, 1957
AVAILABLE: Library of Congress
1. Alloys--Electrodeposition 2. Electrodeposition--Theory
Card 4/4

-AUTHORS: Gorbunova, K. M., Sutyagina, A. A. 76-32-4-9/43
TITLE: The Gloss of Electrolytic Deposits and its Connection With
the Internal and External Structure of the Deposit
(K voprosu o bleske elektroliticheskikh osadkov i avyazi
yego a vnutrennim i vneshnim otroyeniyem osadka)
PERIODICAL: Zhurnal Fizicheskoy Khimii, 1956, Vol. 32, Ur 4,
pp. 785 - 79o (USSR)
ABSTRACT: By changing the conditions of deposition an essential
change
of the crystal lattices is caused in many metals; this is made
reason for the present paper to deal with the problem of the
influence of geometric factors or the surface relief respec-
tively on the gloss. It is assumed that the gloss is determined
by the size of the crystals forming the deposit, and that they
only shine when the crystal dimensions are sufficiently small.
Similar statements were made by Wittum (Reference 1) and S. M.
Kochergin.(Reference 3s2) as Trell as by A. T. Vagramyan and
Z. A. Solov'yeva (Reference 4,5)- Wood (Reference 6) was the
first to point out the connection between the gloss and the
Card 1/3 crystal orientation, while S. P. Makarlyeva (Reference 7)

76-32-4-9/43
The Gloss of Electrolytic Deposits and its Connection With
the Internal
and External Structure of the Deposit
observed changes of the texture, junt as well as V. I.
Arkharov
(Reference 8 , L. S. Palatnik (Reference 9), V. I. Arkharov
(Reference 8~, G. F. Kosolapov and B. Yu. Mett (Reference lo),
N. T. Kudryavtsev and B. V. Ershler (Reference 11) investi-
gated electrodeposits of zinc. In the last years the opinion
became popular which originated from K. M. Gorbunova et al.
(Reference 12,13) that gloss is not-clearly determined by
the dimension and the character of mutual orientation of the
crystals. This was also noticed in a similar way by Smith,
Keeler and Read (Reference 14) as well as by Read and Weil
(Reference 15)and7Klark and Simonsen (Reference 16). In the
present work the new data obtained by A. A. Sutyagina (Refer-
ence 19) are investigated and the influence of a.c. on the
electrocrystallization of a number of metals is dealt with.
As can be seen from the results and the mentioned figures the
crystal dimension is no clear criterion for the gloss; some
Card 2/3 examples are given for this. A connection between
the texture

76-32-4-9/43
The Gloss of Electrolytic Deposits and its Conneation With
the Internal
and External Structure of the Deposit
and the gloss was also not observed, and the assumptions by
K. M. Gorbunova, T. V. Ivanovskaya and X. A. Shishakov
(Reference 12) were proved. The electrochemical
investigations
of glossy and dead zinc depositions showed, however, that the
increase of surface polish and the absence of sharp raisings
increase tile gloss so that a connection between the
reflection
coefficient and the.ourface relief is assumed. There are 6
figures, I table and 2o references, 13 of rhich are Soviet.
ASSOCIATION: Akademiya nauk SSSR,Tnstitut fizicheskoy
khimii,lioskva
(Moscow Physico-Chemical Institute,AS USSR)
SUBMITTED: November 26, 1956
AVAILABLE: Library of Congress
Card 3/3 1. Metals--Electrodeposition 2. Crystals--Lattices
3. Metals
--Surface properties

AUTHORS: Popova, 0. S., Gorbunova, K. M. SOY/76-32-9-12/46
--------- 137
TITLE: The Structure and o-m--e -Froperile-s- -of Electrolytic
Manganese
(Stroyeniye i-nekotoryye svoystva elektroliticheskogo margantsa
PERIODICAL:., Zhurnal fizicheskoy khimii, 1958, Vol 32, Nr 9,
pp 2o2o - 2o28 (USSR)c
ABSTRACT: The electrolytic solution used contained manganese
sulfate
and ammonium sulfate. An additional solution of the same
composition but with glycerin added was also used. The
manganese deposit was investigated using the microscope
(Fig 1), the electron microscope (Fig 2), and X-ray apparatus.
As the Debyograms show, the manganese deposits, and
especially those from the solutions containing glycerin,
are m1most amorphic (Fig 6). After warming for a short
time at about 1200C the manganese appears to have the
structure of a-Mn or y-Mn in the X-ray studies. Whichever
modification appears is dependent upon the conditions of the
electrolysis. The hydrogen content of the electrolytic
deposit was also determined by using the apparatus shown 3
Card 1/2 in figure 3. The content was found to be between 5 and 8
cm

The Structure and Some Properties of Electrolytic
SOV/76-32-9-12/46
Manganese
of hydrogen per gram of metal (Table). The greatest Dart
of the hydrogen escapes up to 12500, while the rest leaves
UP to 3000C (Figs 4 and 5). This behavior differs 1rota that
of electrolytic nickel .'(Fig 5). By using an elastic
cathode the inner streso of the manganese was determined.
According to the cc,Witiona of electrolysis this was
found to be between-5 and 20 kg/mm2. There are 6 figures,
1 table, and 30 references, 9 of which are Soviet.
ASSOCIATION: Akademiya nauk SSSR Institut fizicheskoy
khimiiMoskva
scow at
(AS 'USSR MO ,In:itute of Physical Chemistry)
SUBMITTED: April 4, 1957
Card 2/2

AUTHORS: Arelambekov, V. A., Gorbunova, K. M. 2o-119-2-29/6o
TITLE: The Kinetice of the Processes of 'ForZiion of Oxide
Films
on Tungsten and Molybdenum (K kinetike obrazovaniya okisnykh
plenok na vollframe i molibdene)
PERIODICAL: Doklady Akademii Nauk SSSR, 1958, Vol 119, Mr 2,
pps 294 - 297 (USSR)
ABSTRACT- The results obtained.are also of interest for the
inter-
pretation of the data of the kinetics of the oxidation of
arbitrary metals. The apparatus used here made possible con-
tinuous observations of the growth of the oxide films within
a wide interval of the oxygen pressures and within a wide
temperature range by means of the weight method. Especially
constructed vacuum miaro-balances were used. The results
of the measurement of weight were also recorded by means of an
electronic circuit and by an automatically registering galva-
nometer. The sample suspended bY, a platinum wire was heated
in a tubular furnace. With rising temperature the amount of
the oxygen reacting with tungsten and molybdenum increases
Card 1/4 considerably and in this the velocity of the growth
of the

2o-119-2-29/6o
The Kineticsof the Processes of Formation of Oxide Films on
Tungsten and
Molybdenum
oxide film increases noticeably. At temperatures of above
3000C the growth of the oxide films an tungsten and molybde-
num is described sufficiently by an equation of the parabolic
type:
2
x , kt + C.
The value of the constant k of the oxidation velocity of
oxide films of considerable thickness depends only little
on the amount of the original (specific) surface. With
polished samples C was almoBt equal to zero and with reduced
samples the value C was almost equal to that amount of oxy-
gen which was necessary for the preceeding laying-on of the
oxide film. A diagram shows the temperature dependence of
the constants of oxidation of tungsten and molybdenum in the
case of different kinds of surface pretreatment. The values,
of the activation energy are compiled in a table. The differ-
ence of the activation energies of electrolytically polished
and ground tungsten samples is probably caused by the fact
Card 2/4 that the surface layer becomes deformed to a great
extent

2o-119-2-29/6o
The Kinetics of the Processes of Formation of Oxide,Films
on Tungsten and
Molybdenum
in grinding, and that remanant stresses occur. But in the
samples electrolytically polished afterwards the su:cface
under stress is removed. At temporatures of below 36DOC the
course of the curve Ig k - I/T changes with tungsten and
molybdenum. Within this temperature range the process takes
place only with half the activation energy as at higher
ener-
gies. The constants of the reaction velocity to a great ex-
tent depend on the thickness of the oxide film; it ahows
its greatest value in th6 case of small film thickneas and
decreases by several orders of magnitude with growing thick-
ness of film. Such a dependence can obviously be explained
by the fact that the increase of the null scale (okalina)
is determined by the diffusion of the component through the
oxid*ilm.
There are 4 figures, 1 table and 1 reference.
Card 3/4

2o-119-2-29/6o
The Kinetics of the Processes of Formation'of Oxide Films
on Tun,-~,aten and
Molybdenum
ASSOCIATIOR: Inatitut fizicheskoy khimii Akademii nauk
SSSR (Institute
for Physical Chemistry,AS USSR .),
PRESENTED: October 4,1957p by P. A. Rebindery Member,
Academy of
Sciences, USSR
SUBMITTED: Library of Congress
Card 4/4

GuMUNOTA, K. M.
"Electrm7staUlzatlork from a orystaUographic point of vlev,
"
report to to submitteA for the 3htl. Counittes of
7hormodpumico (glootrochomical)
*Ad Klmeticep Uth Annual Meeting, Vienna, Auatria, 29-Sep -
2 Oot 59.

iA .3
8.4 .1
-Pa's
bp
L
I . 1 :4
2 a Is 14
t~
A A.
gig
u ,*
13 ':1 a. -
.I
ilia
oil
i 1. x
all

82577
810811601000100610011006
~~00 A006/AOO1
Translation from: Referativnyy zhurnal, Khimiya, 196o, No.
6, p. 103, # 216,31
AUTHORS: Sutyagina, A.A., Gorbunova, K.M.
_WW_1_
TITLE: Some Regularities of Metal Electrocrystallization
Under the Effect
of A.C.
PERIODICAL: Tr. 4-go Sovneshchaniya po elektrokhimii, 1956,
Moscow, AN SSSR,
1959, pp. 414-42c)
The authora studied the effect of applyine a.c. on the
structure
"Cd'and zn1lobtained from electrolytes with
of electrolytic deposi 0 of N'i,-,
addi ion of surface-active s:~b_stances. The
electron-microscopic method is
used to show the coarsening of Ni, Cd and Zn crystals in
electrolysis with
a.c. application whose amplitude is greater than that of
d.c. In the case
of Zn there are also changes in the shape, dimension and
the relative arrange-
ment of the crystals; these changes are different in
solutions with different
additions. A higher frequency of a.creduces its effect
until it disappears
completely. It is assumed that the coarsening of the
crystals is not connected
with the desorption of the additions during the anode
cycle. The authors
Card 1/2

82577
S/081/60/000/ob6/001/*008
Aoo6/Aooi
,- .'i.-
Some Regularities of Metal Electrocrystallization Under the
Effect of fi.c.,
believe that in the case of Zn and Cd. the structural changes
are connected with
the surface activation of the anode current component as a
result of the potential
shift toward the anode zone; in the case of Ni, changes in the
structure do not
depend on the nature of surface-active additions and are caused
by the" difficult
formation of Ni hydroxide in the layer near the electrode, due
to Ji Ionization
and the accumulation of H+ ions during the anode pulses.
Z. Solov'yeva
Translatorls note: This is the full translation of the original
Russian abstract.
Card 2/2

5(4), 18(7) SOV/76-33-3-26/41
AUTHORS: Gorbunova, X. M., Lebedevat K. P.
TITLE: The Effect of Surface-active Substances on the Crystal
Shape
and Texture of Zinc Deposits (Vliyaniye poverkhnostno-aktiv-
nykh veshchestv'na formu. kristallov i tekaturu, osadkov
tsinka)
PERIODICAL: Zhurnal fizichesko khimii, 1959, Vol 33, Nr 3,
pp 669 - 676 (USSR~
ABSTRACT: By a comparison of the polarization curves obtained
on
several crystal surfaces during electrolysis the rate of
growth and variation of the shape of these crystals is de-
termined. Many investigations have already been made with
regard to this problem (Refs 10 - 19). In this connection
it was also possible to observe the effect exercised by
Surface-active substances on the growth of crystals such as
during the crystallization of silver from AgNO 3 solutions
with the addition of acetic acid and phenyl acetic acid.
For the purpose of studying a similar effect the authors
investigated zinc crystals as hexagonal crystals are assumed
Card 1/3 to possess anisotTopic properties. Zn monocrystals
were

The Effect of Surface-active Substances on the
SOV/76-33-3-26/41
Crystal Shape and Texture of Zinc Deposits
obtained in glass tubes by Brifthmen's method and the basal
surface and prismatic surfaces were exposed by shearing
the sample at the temperqture of liquid nitrogen. Zn was
deposited from concentrated zinc sulphate solutions (4.7 n)
at a pH value of 2-8-3., The results of measurement of
solutions without surface-active substances indicate (Figl)
that the polarization.of Zn separation on the basal surface
(1C10 ) of the crystal is smaller by 20-25 mv than on the
prismatic surface (0001); furtherp it was shown that the
latter
grows fhatwby#ree times than the former. Additions of the
surface-active substances tetrabutyl ammonium iodide (I)
and n-ootyl alcohol (II) did not affect the polarization
of the Zn deposit on the surfacl (161-0) up to quantities
of 5.10-4 moles/I (T)'and 2.10- moles/1 (II , but accelerated
the Zn deposition of Zn on the surface (0001~ already at a
quantity of 5.10-6 moleo/1(1) so that with a certain con-
centration of (I) the surrace (0001) can grow as faot as
the surface (10T6 ). This difference between the uffect of
Card 2/3 (1) and (II) on the surfaces (0001) and (101-0 ) is
explained

The Effect of Surface-active Substances on the
SOV/76-33-3-26/41
Crystal Shape and Texture of Zinc Deposits
by a more intense adsorption of (I) and (II) on the surface
(0001). Unlike deposits without surface-active substances,
those obtained from solutions with additions of (1) and (N)
possess a texture. The effect of surface-active substances
is assumed to be determined by two-dimensional centers of
crystallization. Thoro are 6 figures and 23 reforencesp 9
of which are Soviet.
ASSOCIATION: Akademiya nauk SSSR, Institut fizicheskoy
khimii (Academy of
Sciences, USSRp Institute of Physical Chemistry)
SUBMITTED; August 12, 1957
Card 3/3

5.~4), 18M SOV/76-33-9-15/37
AUTHORS: Sutyagina, A. A., Gorbunova, K. M.
TITLE: Electrocrystallization of Nickel by the Application of
Alternat-
ing Current. I. Structure of Deposits From Electrolytes Not
Containing Additions of Surface Active Substances
PERIODICAL: Zhurnal fizicheskoy khimiij 19599 Vol 33, Nr 9,
pp 1982-1987
(USSR)
ABSTRACT! By considering the factors acting upon the
electrolytic sepa-
ration of metals, important structural changes may be assumed
to take place in the metal deposit by the simultaneous ap-
plication of direct and alternating current (of different
ampli-
tude and frequency). The authors investigated the effect of
various current conditions on the size, shape, and texture of
crystals in the metal deposit. An electrolyte (1) (160 g11
NiSO 4*7H2 09 10 g1l NaCl, 30 9/1 E3 BO 3) was u8edl and the
pH
was changed from 1.9 up to 6. Deposition occurred at room
temperatures the density of the direct current was changed
from
I to 3 a/dm-, and that of the alternating current from 1 to
12 a/dm2. Nickel deposits obtained with a pulsating current
Card 1/3 electrolysis (density of d.c. = 2 a/dm2, density of
a.c. -

SOY/76-3.1-9-15/37
Electrocrystallization of Nickel by the Application of
Alternating Current.
I. Structure of Deposits From Electrolytes Not Containing
Additions of Surface
Active. Substances 2
= 2 a/dm , frequercY 50 cycles) differ but very little from
those obtained with the direct current. With an increase in
density of a.c. to 7-5 a/dm2, however, the nickel deposit
crystals grow to a great extent, and so does the change in
texture (Figs 1-7), while reflection is diminished. In
alternat-
ing current frequencies of 500 Ovoles the last mentioned
changes are not observable. A strong change of the nickel
deposit
occurs only with the ratio: donsi-k;y of a.c./density of d.c.>
I
and with lower frequencies of the alternating current, in
which connection the acidity of the electrolyte plays an im-
portant part. Similar observations were made with the electro-
lyte 160 g11 Niso 4*7H20P 45 g1l NiC12*6H20, 30 9/1 H 3BO 3'
In-
vestigations were extended to the change in potential of nickel
separation under the abovementioned conditionsidth the aid of a
special apparatus (Fig 8), and a loop oscillograph. By the ap-
plication of alternating current (50 cycles) the cathode
potential changes according to a sinusoid, the axis of which
shifts to more positive values (Table-), as compared to the
Card 2/3 potential of nickel separation in the application of
a direct

SOV/76-33-9-1.5/37
Elect370crystallization of Nickel by the Application of
Alternating Current.
I. Structure of Deposits From Electrolytes Not Containing
Additions of Surfac
Active Substances
current only. (Fig 9, oscillograms). There are 9 figures,
I table, and 10 references, 7 of which are Soviet..
SUBMITTED: February 22, 1956
Card 3/3

5(4)t 18(7)
h1UTHORS "
TITLE'
.rF41LIO-DICAL
ST-R&CT
0580h 2/45
It. tl~ current Con-
ting
.....gina, h. A.I jander Alterns ,,-active
f surf
of 11jov.81 itions I
.j.o.r,,,,Yq%allj%atiOn tog With
lectroly,
E '. E 2j28_z134
.17
ditions. - Vol 33, I;r 10, Pp
,ubstauces 19599
5 fiSichoOlcol ILhimiii +ed by
Z11UTnal r %he effect exerd
(,U5510 relvious Pape trocrys tallizatiOl of -4
ibed (Ijefs
ation Of a P on %he Oleo descr of
In Gontinu Bubsiunces thod alroadl deposition
rface-acti" %Ode The mou' t olectra of the follov-
SU inyestiga cnating c rren . of one 4
reseace the atl,On'c type
njoicel is The alto] e effec
otigat d 'n the P ddj%jons 0 th
employed. 0 additions .. 4Me 801'a
9 inve Producing at,
va . glass- disulion , acid;lfur tons in a
ing Bubstsncea' lene PaTation of a" molecular t P
2 6 _,,.,htha Be of the (antline
? 7
0 7 based on the additions tIva -
thiourea); oatiOn'c ot current
of I to al"Y1 ddj%jon8 Of the a at dire Monti
to eat as 1 a ,TO obtains of the abovO
formal a oeito V'hiO*A with one VILio-h no crystal f,
Nic 61 2 from electrolitee on
2 am Bdrf ac6
a lustrous
edj Bubstanclea have
05604
er Alternati0nV,/R76-33-10-2J45
Electrocrystallization of Nickel Und Current Conditions.
Ilo Electrolytes With Addition' Of Surface-active Substances
were observed, not even with an EM-3 elOotron miorosco
The radiographs of these deposits have blurred lines ( pe (Fig 1).
The calculations of the radiographs carried Out accord Fig 2).
A. A, Butyaginals method (Ref 4) showed that in the 1u Ing to
nickel strous
deposits an X-ray, diffrao.tion pattern existed along
the (001) axis. In accordance with data by K. m. Gorbunova,
To Vo Ivanovskaya and H. A. Shishakoy (Ref 5),Ein image with
diffusion circles was obtained on eleotronogr!~ms (Fig 3) of
nickel deposits resulting from Solutions with an addition of
2,6 - 227-naPhthalone dioulfonio aoido At a ratio
D : D > I (alternating current of 50 oya of
a-o d-c lea) a strong
effect on.the structure of the nickel deposit was observedi
irrespective of the type Of additions, In moot cases nickel
dePos4te were obtained with an X-ray diffraction Pattern along
the (P01) axis. Nickel depoeita obtained at direct current
(DG = 2 a/dm2) from electrolytes with additions Of formaldehyde
or aniline possessed weak reflexion (Table ), whereas nickel
deposits from elootrolytOg with allylthlourea obtained at
Card 2/3 Do 2.a/dm" reflect strongly (Table). An intreaue of the

05804
SOV/76-33-10-2/45
Electrocrystallization of Nickel Under Alternating Current
Conditions.
II. Electrolytes With Additions of Surf~ce-active Substances
alternating-ourroat frequency reduces ita_e~Uaat so that
at frequencies of 5000 cycles the nickel-depolitB show the
same structure as those obtained at direct current only~
The experimental results are explained and--the papers by
A. A. Rotinyan, V. Ya. Zelldes (Ref-10), !.-.I.-Zhukov, Z.
D.
Figareva (Ref 11), N* A. Izgaryshev, S. Barkman__(Ref 16)
and
Yu. M. Polukarov (Ref it are mentiaed;_a change of the ad-
sorption conditions on the oathodele taken into
consideration
(at a potential shift),as well as a change of..the H"-ionio
concentration on the oathod:.!oaused by a periodic change of
the cathodic and anodic pro s). There are 8 figures, 1
table,
and 17 references, 14 of which are Soviet..
ASSOCIATION: Akademiya nauk SSSR
,,Institut fizicheskoy khimii
(Academy of Sciences of the USSR, Institute of Physical
Chemistry)
SUBMITTED: February 22, 1956
Card 3/3
0
13

PHASE I BOOK EXPLOITATION SOV/3951
Gorbunova, Kseniya Mikhaylovna. and Anna Aleksandrovna
Nikiforova
Fizilco-khimicheskiye oanovy protsessa khimicheskogo
nikelirovaniya (Physico-
d1emical Bases of the Process of Chemical Nickel Plating)
Moscow, Izd-vo
AN SSSR, 1960. 206 p. Errata slip inserted. 3,500 copies
printed.
Sponsoring Agency: Akademiya nauk SSSR. Institut fizicheskoy
khimii. Ed. of
Publishing Housei N.G. Yegorov; Tech. Edo S.T, Shikin.
PURPOSE: This book is intended for skilled ldorkers,,
laboratory technicians,
and mechanics of electroplating and electroforming shops.
COVERAGE: The book deals with a chemical nickel-plating
process which reduces
nickel salts by hypophosphite, It reviews the general
results of investiga-
tions of plating conditions, reaction mechanisms, properties
of nickel coat-
ings, and the results of research done by the authors at the
Institute for
Physical Chemistry of the Academy of-Sciences USSR and other
researchers,
both Soviet and non-Soviet. The reaction kinetics of that
stage of the
plating process when nickel ions react with intermediated
agents satisfying
Cw&415

Physico-chemical Bases (Cont.)
SOV/3951
conditions for a first order reaction are also reviewed. The authors
state that activation energy and activation entropy for the process are
calculated for the fi:mt time in this book. They thank P.P. Belyayev
and M.I. Zillberfarb for useful observations and reviewers K.V. Chmutov
and A.T. Vagramyan, and A.A. Sutyagina for editorial assistance. There
are 56 figures, 60 tables, and 90 references: 35 Soviet, 21 English,
1 French, 1 Polish, and 32 German.
TABLE OF CONTENTS-
Introduction 3
Ch. I. Some Information From the History of Research on the Reducing
Action of Hypophosphate on Heavy Metal Salts 7
Ch. II. Conditions for the Formation of Nickel Coatings in an Acidic
Medium 16
Card 2/6

S/o6lj62/000/008/032/057
B156/Bloi
AUTHORS: Gorbunova, K. M., Polukarov, Yu. M.
TITLE: Electrocryatallization of alloys
PERIODICAL: Referativnyy zhurnal. Khimiya, no. 8, 1962, 370, abstract
8K18O (Sb. "Elektrolit. osazhdeniye splavov", M., Mashgiz,
iq6ii 31-56)
TEXT: The conditions under which electrolytic alloys of various phase
structures are formed at the cathode are examined. The results of
research
carried out with the binary Cu-Bip Cu-Pby Cu-Tlj Cu-Sn, and Cu-Cd
alloys
obtained from perchlorio acid electrolytes are given. Methods of
investigating alloys obtained by eleotrodeposition are described.
39 references [Abstracter's note: Complete translation.]
Card 1/1

SUTYAGINA, A.A.; GORBUNOVA, K.M. (Hoskva)
Electrocrystallization of some metals in the
presence ofthe
additions of sulfur-containing surface
active.agents.
Part 1: Effect of the electrolysis conditions on
the amount
of impurities in zinc deposits, and the mechanism
of their
incorporation. Zhur.fiz.khim. 35 no.8:1769-1773
Ag 161.
(MIRA 14:8)
I* Institut fizicheskoy khimii AN SSSR.
(Zinc-Plating)
(6%1 Ift.'r C, r~'- -.III C CC.

29985
jorq 1:W S/076/61/035/011/006/013
B11O/B147
AUTHORS: Butyagina, A. A., and Gorbunova, K. M. (Moscow)
TITLE: Study of the electroorystallization process of some metals ifi
the presence of sulfur-containing surface-active admixtures.
II. Effect of the conditions of electrolysis on the amounts
of impurities in nickel deposits and the properties determined
by the above conditions
PERIODICAL: Zhurnal fizicheskoy khimii, v. 35, no. 11, 1961, 2514-2523
TEXT: The dependence of the composition of Ni deposits on the type and
concentration of admixtures, the acidity of the solution, and the
current
density at the cathode were studied to elucidate the nature of
electrodic
processes leading to the formation of indistinctly crystalline deposits.
A solution of 160 g/liter of NiSO 4' 7H20P 30 g/liter of H3BO3 , and 10
g/litiEr
of NaCl with different pH values was used as electrolyte. Thiourea,
allyl
thiourea, P-sulfonaphthalic acid, 2,6- 2,7-disulfonaphthalic acid,
a-naphthol disulfonic acid, a-naphthol sulfonic acid, sodium
thiosulfate,
thiosalicylic acid, diphenyl thiourea,and potassium thiocyanate were
used
as admixtures. The amount of occluded sulfur increases with increasing
Card 1/4
..........

S/076 62998 ~/011/006/013
/ 1/03
Study of the eleotrocrystallization B110/B147
concentration of the admixture in acid electrolyies yielding
larger
amounts of occluded sulfur. The sulfur content is decreased by
an increase
of current density. The sulfur content is less when admixtures
containing
sulfur on a benzene ring or bound to oxygen are used. Since
the overall-
sulfur-to-carbon ratio is higher than in the organic
admixtures, chemical
conversions are assumed to take place in.the deposit.
Irrespective of the
structure of the admixture, A9W. of S is bound to Ni as
sulfide. The
higher carbon content probably caused by adsorption of the
conversion
products of the initial admixture is explained as bein.g due
to the removal
of S from organic compounds by freshly deposited, H2-saturated
Ni (similar
to Raney nickel). A temperature increase leads to an increase
of the S
content, despite of the desorption of surface-active agents.
S-Ni ratio
in the deposit wa-s several times found to be equal to 2-5.
The constant
ratio found after extraction with CC14 and acetone indicates a
loose che-
mical bond since the S-Ni ratio falls to 0.5-0.7 on heating to
1300C. X-ray
analysis revealed a structural change at 400-450OCt After a
reacticn time
of 1.5 hrs in the solid state, Ni and Ni 3S2 were formed from
the nickel and
the high-sulfur primary sulfide phases under exothermic
conditions (as has
been thermographically established). Heat absorption at 6000C
is due to
Card 2/4

29985
8/076/61/035/011/006/013
Study of the electroorystallization ... B110/B147
the melting of a eutectio mixture consisting of Ni and the
decomposition
products of Ni3S2* The melting point of Ni is lowered by the
occlusion of
sulfur. The reflection coefficient of Ni deposits obtained
from low-acidiv
electrolytes is lowered, Gloss is, however, not directly
dependent on the
sulfur content. The reflection coefficient is also raised when
the current
density is increased. The hardness of an Ni deposit obtained at
1.4 a/dn2 (pH . 5-5), which was measured with aTTHT-3 (PMT-3)
device was
about 210 kg/mm2, that of an Ni deposit containing 0.6YIo S,
prepared with
0.1 g/liter of thiourea (TU), was about 570 kg/mM2. With
increasing
current density (2.6 a/dm2), hardness at o.1 g/liter of TU and
at a sulfur
content of about 0-42~o decreases to 456 kglmm2, while it is
increased in
the absence of admixture (about 310 kg/mm2at 3.3 a/dm2). At a
sulfur
content of about 5eP, a change in the lattice constant of Ni
by about 0.04%
occur. Deposits from electrolytes with pH values of 2.5 to 2.6
and low
current densities as well as from electrolytes with pH values
of 5-5 and
with TU additions of 0.3 to 0.5 9/liter showed no texture.
Deposits
obtained at high current densities from electrolytes with a pH
value of
about 5.5 and containing 0.1 to 0.2 g/liter of TU as well as
from higher-
acidity electrolytes showed textures oriented parallel to
[001]. In the
Card 3/4

29985
3/076/61/035/011/006/013
Study of the electrocrystallization B110/B147
absence of TU, the texture was oriented parallel to [110] at pH = 5.5.
With deposits of the indistinctly crystalline "Bomatoidic" type, some of
the reduced-metal atoms interact with the admixture molecules in the
crystallization zone, forming particles interfering with the formation of
the crystal lattice. The authors thank Z. V. Semenova for calculating
X-ray pictures. Papers of A. V. Pamfilov, 0. E. Panchuk, and R. M. Morgart
are mentioned. There are 2 figures, 6 tables, and 11 references:
7 Soviet and 4 non-Soviet. The four references to English-language
publications read as follows: T. Rosenqvist, J. Iron and Steel Inst.,
12, 195141 0. 13. J. Fraser, Trans. Electrochem. Soo., 71, 425, 1937; H.
Kersten a. W. T.'Young, J. Appl. Phys., 8, 2, 133, 1936; V. KohlachZtter,
Trans. Faraday Soo., 31, 1181, 1935-
ASSOCIATION: Akademiya nauk SSSH Institut fizicheskoy khimii (Academy of
Sciences USSR, Institute of Physical Chemistry)
SUBMITTED: March 31, 1960
Card 4/4

310761621036100510011011
13101/B102
AUTHORS: Polul-larov, Yu.11.9 Gorbunova, K. M. and Bonaarl , Y. V.
(Moscow)
TITLE; Some problems of the,alloy electrode-position theory. VIII.
Study of the dependence of copper alloy phass structure on
the electrochemical coriditions. of'dep6sition
PERIODICAL: Zhurnal fizichoskoy kbimii i v. 36, no. 9, 1962, 1870
1876
TEXT: The electrode-Osition of supersaturated solid solutions of
lead,
thallium, tin, or cadmium in copper from solutionslof perchlorates
(Pb-Cu,
Sn-Cu, Cd-Cu) or of sulfa-tes (Sn-Cu), or nitrates (Tl - Cu) was
investiEat-
ed. In all cases, the deposition of Pb, TI, Sn, and Cd-started at
morp
positive vo+entlinls than would correspond to the e4uilibrium
potential of
these metals, and the lattice constant of the copper was greatly
expanded.
The solid Sn-Cu solution contained more than 22~ Sn, the lattice
constant
was 3.75,R, and at a cathode potential more positive than -130 mv
the
Cu Sn phioe (hi&-tempr.,rature S-pbano) wns formed. ' The solid
Od-Cu
31 .8
Card 112

5/076/62/036/009/001/011
Some problems of the alloy ... BlOi/13102
solution 'containod -160ii Cd, the maximum lattice constant was
3.716 1 t
a
-0.350 v- The siipersituration nboeried ir, explained as follows:
Owing to
high a hir-,h'y active Cii lattice is formed in which the electro-
nega-tive metals have bie~-er solubility, so that the separation
potential
becomes more positive. The lattice then loses its excess enqrr..y,
and a
supersaturatoi sulid sobition is formed. The supersaturation depends
on
the catl~inde overvoltave atiaining t"O -- ~00 mv with Tl, and on
thr., r-Ite of
electrodeposition. There are 4 flf:iires.
ASSOGIATIO"~. Ak.-vietA-ya naul, SSSR, Inst-itut fizicheskoy
khiu-iii (Academy of
iciences UJ~*R, Institutc of Physical Chemistry)
S U BM I T TIE D i3opterrbcr 2j, 1960
Card 2/2

POLUKAROV, Yu.M.1 GCRBUNOVA,_.A.M,;_ BONDAR'p V.V.
Some problems in the theory of the electrodeposition of
alloys.
Part 7: Investigation of the phase structure of
copper-bismuth
alloys in relation to the electrochemical conditions of
their
production. Zhur.fiz.khim. 36 no.8:1661-1666 Ag 162.
(KUIA 15:8)
1. Institut fisicheakoy khimii AN SSM.
(Bismuth-copper alloys) (Electrochemistry)
-~s
77

FOLUTDABOV, Yu.M.; GORBUNOVAV. K.M.- BONDAR', V.V.
Ce----ain aspects of the theory of electrodeposition of alloys.
Part 8. Zhur. fiz. kh-AI.M. 30' no.9.-1870-1876 S 162.
(MIRA 171:6)
1. Institut fizicheskoy khirdi AN SSSR.

i
SUTYAGINA, A~A.; GORBUNOVA, X.M.1 GIAZUNOT.. M.P.
Nechowim of chemical nickel plating rtactions Dok:L~
AN SM
3.47 no. =3~-W6 D 162. (KERA 1612)
I& Tzotitut fizicheakoy khimii AN SM, Predstavleno
akadamikom
V.I. Spits7nym.
(Nickel plating) (Reduction, Chemical)

BAYMAKOV, Yuriy Vladimirovich; ZHURIN, Aleksandr
Ivanovich; LEVIN, A.I.,
prof., doktor tekhn. nauk, reteenzent; SMIX11OV, V.I.,
prof.,
retsenzent;OSTENDER, VJ... prof.,
retsenzentLGORBUNOVA, K.M.9
prof., doktor khim. naukq red.; PAKNOMOVA,
nauk, red.; MARENKOV, Ye.A., red.; MISHARINA, K.D.,
red.izd-va;
MIKHAYLOVA, V.V., tekhn. red..
[Electrolyale in hydrometallurgy)Elektroliz v
gidrometallurgii.
Moskva, Metallurgisdat, 1963. 616 p. (MIRA 16:2)
1. Kafedra takhnologii elektrokhimichookikh
proizvodstv Urallskogo
politekhnichaskogo institut4 (for Levin). 2. Kafedra
metallurgii
tavetnykh metallov Urallskogo politekhnicheskogo
institute, Dey-
st~ltellny7 chlen Akademii nauk Ka2akhakoy, SSR (for
Smizmov).
3. Chlen-korrespondent Akademii nauk Kazakhskoy SSR
(for Stender).
(Hydrometallurgy) (Electrometallurgy)

SUTYAGINA, A.A.; ~ ~RBUNO~,-'L.#.; GLAZUNOV, M.P.
Reaction mechanism of nickel reduction by
hypophosphite studied
with the aid of deuterium as tracer. Part 1t
Solutions without
organic additives, Zhur, fiz. khim, 37
no.912O22-2026 S 163.
(MIRA 16t12)
1. Institut fizicheskoy khimii AN SSSR.

SUTYAGINA, A.A.; GORBUNOVA, K.M.; GLAZUNOV, M.P.
Study of the mechanism of nickel reduction by
hypophosphite with the
use of deuterium as tracer. Part 2: Reduction of nickel
in hypophosobits
solutions with organic acid salts added. Zhur.fiz.khim.
37 no,lOt2214-
2219 0 163. (KRA 17 12)
1. Inst-4tut fizichaskoy khimii AN SSSR.
11

GORBUNOVA, K. M.; LYAMINA, L. I.
"On the reduction of iron in alkaline solutions."
report presented at 15th Mtg, Intl Comm of Electrochemical
Thermodynamics &
Kinetics, London & Cambridge, UK, 21-26 Sep 1964*
Ka,rjvv Physico-Chemical. Inat, Moacow.

S71TYAGINA) tL.A.; rzonlnOVA I Y.M.
..... . Ilemical. reducticn-, Of
Mechanism of phosphorus inclusion in the c o.S:!676-
some metals by hypophosphite. Zhur. prikl. khIm. 37
n
1681 Ag 164. (MI-ivi .17:11)

~Tv
cf nickel reao,'r;,l '0-.-
ne so hit ~-c;ris. Zhur.
k1limil AN Sifi. V skva.

LYAMINA, L.I.; GORBUNOVA, K.M._. ._,
Mechanism of iron reduction from alkaline solutions.
Part is Re-
duction of iron from alkali solutions saturated with
hydrated iron
oxide and from corresponding suspensions.
Elektrokhimlia I no.1141-
45 Ja 165. (MIRA 18 t 5)
1. Institut fizicheskoy khImii AN SSSR.