SCIENTIFIC ABSTRACT GERMAN, L.S. - GERMAN, O.

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: Scientific Abstracts
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP86-00513R000514910008-3
• Release Decision: RIF
• Original Classification: S
• Document Page Count: 100
• Document Creation Date: November 2, 2016
• Document Release Date: September 17, 2002
• Sequence Number: 8
• Publication Date: December 31, 1967
• Content Type: SCIENTIFIC ABSTRACT

71~

TUR'YHV, Yuj.~,GERMAN, L.S.
Synthesis of N-( 4 -mareaptoethyl)-arylamines nnd N-( Xmercaptoethyl)-
pyrrolidine. Vest.Mosk.un. Ser.mnt.,mekh.,astron.,fiz.,khim. 11
no.1:197-199 156. (MIRA 10:12)
1. Kafedra orgnnicheskoy khimii Moskovskogo universit-eta.
(Amines) (Pyrrolidine)

YtIR'rhV. Yu. K. ; (MU", L. S.
I
Synthasts of 3-aryl- and 2,3-diarylthiazolidines. Zhur.ob.khtm.
26 no.2:550-553 F '56. OaAk 9: 8)
1. Mookovskiy gosudarstvanW universitat.
(Thiazolidine)

20-2-2,1/60
AUTHORSi Dyatkin, B. L. , German, L. S. _Knunyant3, I. L. , Member
of the Academy
fITLEt Anionotropic Rearrangement of Substituted Perflucropropenes
(Anionotropnaya peregruppirovka ~,amejhchinnykh Derf torpro-
penov)
PERIODICAL: Doklady Akademii Nauk 36SR, 10'~~7, Vol- 114, Nr 2, PP-120-322
(U35R)
ABSTRACT: As was shown by th+utilors of the paper under review in an
earlier scientific publicaticn, the reactions of affiliation
and of vinylic substitution are in competition with each
other if we have the case of an interaction of perfluoropro-
pylene and per2torisobutylene, on the one hand , with alco-
hols and amines, on the other hand. No allylic substitution
takes place, This demonstrates that in the molecules of these
fluorolefines the effects of conjugati~:n of the double bond
with the C-F-bond in the CF -group are weak. .'rom this point
of view, the reactions of tL chlarofluoropropenes anti chloro-
Card 1/3 fluorobuteries comi..and great interest, zarticularly the reac-

Anionotropic Rcarr;jngement of Subiitituted Perfluoroproperles
20-2-2,1/60
tions of perfluorallylchloride CF -CF-CF-Cl. Zhere alar, exists
information according to which influenceof nucleophile re-
a6ents on perfluorally1chloride leads to a i3ubstitution of
chlorine by a corresponding anion. It has to be assumed that
this is the result of the conjugation of the bond C-Cl with
the double bond. Yhe authors of the present paper investigat-
ed the reactions of perfluorallylchloride with sodium methy-
late and diethylamine. The interaction with the sodium Methy-
late leads to the perfluorallylmethylether. This reaction re-
preoents a new solution for arrivinF, at -Ow. derivatives of
the perfluoracrylic acid. 2he ether 18 polyncriz,ed even ar.
a lower temperature. The reaction of perfluorally1chloride
with dethylamine has a liCht course. The perfluorallyldiethyl-
amine produced as result of this reaction rearranges itself,
still durin,--,, the reaction, into perfluorpropeny1diethylamine.
Hydrolysis of the latter leads to dietliyla!~iide of the cK-hydro-
perfluorpropionic acid. Bromination of the perfluorpropenyl-
diethylamine with a subsequent hydrolysis results in diethyl-
amide of the (X-bromoperfluorpropion-ic acid. The above iso-
merization represents an allylic rearrangement and probably
is caused by the tendency towards formation of a stabler
Card 2/3 system, and this owing to the conjugation of it double bond

Anionotropic Rearrangement of Substituted Perfluoropropenes
20 - 2 -
with an unseparated electron pair of the substituent in the
allylic position. The velocity of the rearrangement depends
of the degree of mobility of the electron pair. Different
compounds are arranged in a series in accordance with the
criterion of stability. The experimenLal j'art of the paper
under review contains the production methods together with
the constants and yields of the substances investigated.
2here are 3 references, 1 of which is Soviet..
SUBMITTED: January 16, 1957
AVAILABLE: Library of Con.-ress
Card 3/3

IV l"

AU I'! 10 " S) ~nuryar-.U-, 1, T- , Dy;.tkin, F. L. , German, L.S.
T!'L L E: 7,ea~;ti,.nj 1~orftor.-! 1--
i: i ri la
117:* 10:'TcP 1,: -:h i.i, n-.u':a i ocr. :~'ril ennos'~ 1 '7o'1 I I T , IIr 6
A- '7 It bcon ~.hc.-.n thlat pure pcrfIuorou,.-.,,-yIcritriI ea:,.Ll~ r~.-
aith mcthLriol and ethanol produc;-i.,,.C- f,-alkoxy-O(-h,-drop-2r-
r(IrioniI.::'J:;. Tt r:-~.-icts also
rc-:ut:!-;- amirn 1, c iy (I t e
r 0 Ci. I'
:i; A
OCIA V. ir!m:; S
t~,,r- Uf;'R of
Ju I

5(5)
AUTHORS: Knunjants, I L., Academician, SOV/20-124-5-28/62
Dyatkin) B. L.. German., L.. S.
TITLE- Reactions of Rexafluoro Butadiene-.1,5 With Alcohols and Amines
(Reaktsii geksaftorbutadiyena-1,3 so opirtami i aminami)
PERIODICAL: Doklady Akademii nauk 'OSSR, 1959, Vol 124, Nr 5i pp 1061~-io68
(Uss,~I)
ABSTRACT: The reactivity of the 1,5-diones of the,perflucro-carbon series
has hardly been invoutigated (Refs 1-3). The reactions with
nucleophilic reagent,-, which very characteristic of fluoro ole-
fins, have hitherto riot been investigated in the case of per-
fluoro butadiene, These reactions are of particular interest
for an underntandin6, of the nature of the conjugated bonds in
perfluorated dieneB, Here. as distinguished from diene hydro-
carbons, a negative rather than a positive charge is to be
transmitted along the chain. By the interaction of perfluoro
butadiene with sodium ethylate in ethanol the authors obtained
a substance which separated HF and formed 1,4.-diethoxyperfluoro
butadiene-1,3 when isolation in a pure conditi-Dn was attempted.
The treatment of the latter compound with concentrated sulphuric
Card 11-3 acid resulted in the formation of the diethyl esters of'

Reactions of i1exafluoro DA:iHien,-~- - 1 5 6ith 1,1coho1a '3'!)V/2(j - 124-5-28/62
and Amines
fluoro ethylene-1,2-dicarboxylic acid,, This ester wag trans-
formed into 3-carbethoxy-pyrazolone-5 by the action of hydra-
zine hydrate, Thus, perfluorobutadiene reacts with two alcohol
molecules in the presenre of alcoholate, In this connection
the terminal carbon atome are 8ubjected to the nucleophilic
attack, Heating of perfluoro butadiene vith alcohol in the
presence of triethylamine causes the addition of one alcohol
molecule., The infrared spectrum and the nuclear-magnetic
resonance of F19 suggest a 1,4 affiliation, Under mild con.-
ditions Perfluoro butadiene reacts with the secondary and
primary aliphatic amines. With diethylamint? it forms the un-
stable 1-diethylamine-perfluorobutadiene-1,3, which is readily
hydrolyzed to form the diethylamide of a-hydroperfluoro
vinylacetic acid, A similar reaction is that of perfluoro
butadiene with piperidine~ By the interaction of perfluoro
butadiene with ethylami-ne and the hydrolysis of the reaction
products ethylamlde of the last mentioned acid and bis--ethyl-
amide of fluoro ethylene-1,2-dicarboxylic acid was produced.
Card 2/3 In this ca3e the rpnulting bis-ethylamide Of .13YMMetrical

Reactions of Hexafluoro Butadiene-1,5 dith Alcohols SOV/20-124-5-26/ "62
and Amines
difluorosuccinic arid loson only n sinjrle ID' molecule (as in
the case of the ester) and forms a corresponding derivative
of fluoro ethylene-1,2-dicarboxylic acid. There are 3 referen-
ces.
ASSOCIA'iION: Institut elementoorganicheskikh soyedineniy Akademii nauk SSSR
(Inst-;tute for Elemental-Org,knic Compounds of the Academy of
Sciences, USSR)
SUB'MITTED: November 21, 1958
Card 3/3

6/062/ 60/000/02/03/012
B003/BC66
AUTHORS: Kautlyants, L. L, I~e L
TITLE: Reactions of Fluoro-olefin6 litn Report Interaction of
Compounds of the Perfluoro Isobutyleno Series With Amines
and Ammonia #I
PEkIOEICAL: Izvestiya Akademii nauk SSSR Otu,,Ieniye kh.imicheskikh nau?,,
19bO, No. 2, pp. 221 -- 230
TEXT: The authors investigated the reactions of 1-alkyl-, 1-alkoxy-,
and 1-aryl-perfluoro isobutylenes with amineti and tutitflonia~ (The following
compounds were 5ubjected to the experiments: 1-phenyl perfluoro iso-
butylene, 1-phenyl perfluoro propylene,"('~ 11-tetrafluoro propio-
phenone, 1-phenyl-1,2-dibromo-perfluoro propane, 1--butyl perfluoro iso-
butylene, 1-styryl-perfluoro isobutylene, 1--etitylperf:Luorc)isobutylone,
1-isoa7iylperfluoroisobutylone, anhydrous ammonia ammonium hydroxide
ethyl amine, diethyl amine, and piperidine,. The preparation of the com-
pounds and their reactions are described in detail in the experimental
part of the paper.) 1-alkyl- and 1-aryl perfluoro i6obutylenes react witn
Card 1/3

20~40
Reactions of Fluoro-olefins. 11th Report. 3/00"?/60/000/02/05/012
Interaction of Compounds of the Perfluoro BOM/BO66
Isobutylene Series With Amines and Ammonia
nuclecphilic agents in two ways according to the following scrieme,
1 C -: C - CF3
R - C = C - CF2 - F + HA A 1~r3
I I
F CF3 \2 R CF -. C CF -A
1 2
CF
Whether this reaction proceeds according to 1 or 2, depends on the char-
acter of the olefin as well as on the attacking rea,~ent Under tne actil.
of anhydrous NH3 the reaction takes place in all perfluoro isobutylenes
irivestigated~ 1-alkyl- and 1-aryl perfluoro isobutylenes react with
secondary amines according to Scaeme 2 The action of excess NH 4OH
eliMirLates fluorine completely., Tilere are -) referen~e3, 2 Soviet.
1 German, 1 American, and 1 Canadian
Card 2/3

of ~iuoru-()-: 3/062/66~600/02/03/012
Inte~.a,:-~ion Compo!:,ndc, f.)f B003/i3o66
ASSOCIATION: Institut elementoorganichesk-i'--h ooy,---:iiner,-y Akademii nault
SSSR (Institute of Elemeiltal.-Orgiin-,c Compounds of the
Academy.of Sciences USSR)
SU BMITTED JulY 4, 1958
Cari 3/3

r,20hl
S/062/'0/000/02/04/012
0
B003/Bo66
AUTHORS: Knunyants, 1, L., L-,-~,
Mochalina, Ye~ P.
TITLE: Reactions of Fluoro-olefins. 12th Report, Interactions of
Polyfluoro-chloro ButeneslWith Alcohols
PERIODICAL: Izvestiya. Akademii nauk SSSR. Otdeleniye khimicheskikh nauk,
1960, No. 2, pp. 231 - 236
TEXT: The authors investigate the action of sodium methylate and
ethylate on linear dimers of 1,2--difluoro-1,2--dichloro ethylene and
trifluoro-chloroethylene. The experiment is described in detail in the
experimental part of the paper. The structure was clarified by means of
infrared spectrography. The investigations revealed that the reaction
of 1,2,3,4-tetr,-fluoro-1,3,4,4-tetrac)iloro butene-1 with the alcoholate'-1
mentioned yields 1,1,1-trialkoxy-2-,3,4-triflucro,.4,4,-dicliloro butane-2.
When treating the linear dimer of trifluoro-chloro ethylene with the
alcoholates, 3-alkoxy-4-chloro-perfluoro butene,l results, The linear
dime::- of trifluoro-chloro ethylene was identified to be a mixture of
Card 112

Reac'tl'ulls Uf rluoro--Cl'-
In tera u Lion-, PC 117 1- 11~.~~; ".)--ji o bu~ Boo*5/Bo66
With klconol~,
3,4-dichloro-perfluoro butene-1 and 1,4-jL:;n-loro-perfluoro 1,utene--2
(with the latter being predominant)~ There are 17 references- 4 Soylet,
10 American, 1 Belgian, and 1 German,
ASSOCIATION: Institut ele mentoorganic lie jlk.Lki. ~zyodinezniy A?,ademii nauk
SSSR (Institute of Elemerital-orpanic C mpounas of the
Academy of Sciences USSR)
SUBMIITED: July 4, 1958 (initially)
July 31, 1959 (after revision)
Card 2,12

KNUNYAI,'TS) I.L.; GMIAN, L.S.; DYATKRI, B.L.
oc-Bromoperfluoroisobutyric acid and its derivatives. Izv.
jiN SSSR. Otd.khim.riauk no.8:1513-1514 Ag 161. (DIIRA 14:8)
1. Institut elementoorganicheskikh soyedineniy AN SSSR.
(Isobutyric acid)

KNU,!Yt:-.T-), J.L,; Gl.l':--%L,'LN, L.S.; DY,11IUll, B.L.; MIOGIIALIDIA, Ye.Fl.
Condensation of 1,2-difluoro-1,2-dichloroethylene with f'oxm--Idehyde.
Zhur.Tao 6 no.1:114 161. (!,GR-A 14:3)
1. Inotitut ~-lementoorganicheskikh soyedinerdy lkademii Ilaulc SSSR.
(Ethylene) (Formildehyde)

KNYNYANfSt I.L.; G6RW, L.S.;_.RUZKHOV, 1.14.
Pyrolytic reactions of trifluoroethylene. Ixv.AU SSSR.Otdakhimenauk
no.9;1674-1676 6 162. (RUA 15:10)
1. Institut alementoorganicheakikh a adineniy Al SSSH.
(Ethylene) (nourine com. is) (Pfrolysis)

KNUNIANTS Y
I.L.; qYATKINy B.L. ; GERMAN L.S.. WCULIDIA, ye.p.
Condensation of formaldehyde with trifluoroethylene. Izv.AN SSSR.OtA.
khim.nauk no.9-.161$;-1677 S 162. (MMt 15-10)
1. Institut elementoorganicheskikh soyedineui~ AN SO-'SR.p
(Formaldehyde) (Rth*ene) (Chlar0e,compounds)

KNUNYWI'j, !.L.; GETd4AN ROZ11KOV I.N.
--- 2
Aliphatic fluoronitro compounds. Report No.l.- C~-,n ! uga ted
nitrofluorination of olefins. Izv. AN SSSR. Ser. khim. no.11:
1946-1950 N '63*
Aliphatic fluoronitro compounds. Report No.2: Preparation of
(2(-fluorocarboxylic acids. Ibid.:1950-1951 (MIRA 17:1)
1. Institut elementoorranicheskikh soyedineniy AN SSSR.

'I
I ~ - , ; L' , ; . , i,'.'
1- 10-a '-! -, f- _- , '. ,. ~ : 1.( ( Uri -", - , ~. -, N,- .." :
nitro an-i ettfirs. nc'.9,1630-1634'
S I ~Z..
.I . 1 r, L3 -AL t, 11 t, f, -[:-.-,-, R.1 ~. 1: :1. yo 4; -~F.Jniy AN ~~S.9R.
. ',~- r, i I "

GER.MjLN, L.S.; RUZII.KU'v, LN.~ KNUILLANIS, 1.7-
Nitrofluorination of' ethyicrie and acf.j.
Zhiw,,VKHO '110 no.5-59c~-6CO 165a
(MlRt
1. Institut soyedLnenly tJl S"'ISH.

Ifyj

ACC NR: AN,ul'i i J'J
Miji"Cl,
ALFIHOR: S'2r7)af'L
Sc,'013,~_s Tristi-it f--C-
ORG : instit-.lte of Caipounds, Aeademv or
ciint.~Iiiv 'Ikadc;li i
TI TL 1, :React-lons, in iiinydrous hydroreii fluoride. 1jviitJt,(!s:iii isf 1,1.ucriji~, (,~~ntai'nlil'j~'
simple arid complex esters
SOURCE: Vses kbim obshch. Zh, v. 11, no. 3, 1966, 356-35H
TOPIC TAGS: ester, esterification, fluorinated organic
compound, chlorinated organic compound
ABSTRACT: Several SiMI)1C f luorine-contai ni till, estersl1were synthesized from lj-difluoro-
-ethylene alcohoi an6 rorinaldehydeftin ill*-solvent. The conplex esters were synthesized'
from 1,1-difluoroethyiene (or- I'l-dichloroethylene), acetic acid and formaldehyde in
HF-solvent. boiling points, refractive indices, densities, yields, data on elementa
analyses, and NMR spectral data for the product esters, are presented in tabular form.
In a typical synthesis example, 0.2-0.3 mol of alcohol (or acetic acid) were added
within 1-1.5 hours to a 15% solution of paraformaldehyde in HF at 0 to -50C. After
2-3 hr, the excess of HF was driven off by evaporation arid the reaction mixture was
i separated from ice, neutralized with ammonium carbonate and extracted with dietbyl
ether or distilled off. Orig. art. has: 1 table, 3 formulas.
SUB CODE: 07/ SUBM DAM 2,lDec65/ ORIG REF: 002/ OTH REF: 001
UDC: 547.221/547.29
Card 1/1 hs

L 05170 6.1t
000 06 - 66/ O1QV, 062/1
W. :id'7 SOUIC11' CGDI~: LIR/C 2/ 00
_L_,____GM4ANL S. ROMEOV, I. N., Iristitut( of Heteroorganic C6.--
nounds, AcadenW of c encea USSR (.j,,rti.tiit eli3rontoorran:t(-ii,-j.-ikilf~i sopdinomiy AN 5S5F')I
"tdinhatic: Fluoronitro-Com ounds. Cojrj~unication 5- Proton Magnetic Resonance
Spectra. and IonizaLiou Constants of Polyfluoronitroalkanes"
1,,rvestiya Akademii Nauk SSSR, Seriya Khimicheskaya (newe, of the Academy
of Scienclas USSR, Chemical Series), No 6, 1966, pp lo62-lo65
;,bstract: The proton magnetic resonance spectra of 15 different nLtroalkanea
-,;ere studied to evaluate the degree of shielding of the hydrogen atom in the
al-pha-position to the nitro-group. The introduction of fluorine atoms into the
nilroalkaLe molecule, like that of other electronegative groups, lends to a
s"if in the signal of the a"pha-hydrogen in the proton magnctic resonance
t
spectrum into the region of a wcaker field. The change in the chemical shift
-1 the aLpha-hydrogen upon the introduction of electronegative substituents
ol
into the nitroalkane molecule, with the exception of fluorine atons, is corre-
lated wi-.h the change in the ionization constants of these compounds. The
j absence of correlation for fluorine substituents is explained by the fact that
the prot-on magnetic resonance spectrum characterizes the influence of substit-
i.iients in the staiic state of the molecule, whereas the ionization constant char-
acterizes the stato of dynamic equilibrium of the process of acid-base conversion
Card-_! Z UINt
YQA4_t 661.721:16.�

L 0517o-6,,
:-ACC' R-m-7000730--
N
of the nitro-couTound. T.,j insertion of fluorine atoms in the beta-position
i to the nitro-grQup increases the chemical shift of the alpha-hydrogen in the
proton ma3netic resonance spectrum and simultaneously the ionization constant
of the nitro-compound. Insertion of fluorine into the alpba-positton increases
chemi,~&l shift of the alpha-hyclrogen but decreases the ionization-conetant...-
the
Orig. art. -has: 3 formilas and 1 table. EJPRS: 37, q~
1 7
TOPIC'TAG;3: fluorinated organio compound, organic nitro compourA, proton rosonanco
SUB CODE: 07 / SUBM DATE: OBAu264 I ORIG REF: 004 1 OFTH REF: 006
Card 2/Z vmb

T J D / WWI / J WR'11 1
o5i69-67 "WF( c',
I- I . ... ....... .
ACC NRIp'7 .000731 ' )01 RLC"~~, COX: LnJoo62J66/ooo/oo6/1o65/1069
ic, MM12 1. L.; GEMM L. S. Institute of fleteroorganic Compounds, Academy
:i~~
of Scienae~____U_S?'_SR (~Institut elemontoor(sanicheskitch soyedinerdy AN S3SR)
"'Reactions in Anhydrous Hydrogen Fluoride. Connunication 1. Conjugatedlflalo- _61
'genation of Olefins"
Moscow, 71:z estiya Akademii Nauk SSSR, Seriya Knimicheskaya, No 6, 1966,
0
pp 10'5-i.o69
.AbGtract: A mQt.had was developed for synthesizing fluorochloroalkanes by
conjugated chlorination of olefins in anhydrous hydrogen tluoride. In the re-
action of ethylene with chlorine in anhydrous hydrogen chloride at -20 to 30 0,
~together with the addition of chlorine at the double bond there to a conjugated
'11
chlorofluorination" of ethylene, forming 1,2-chlorofluoroethane Chlorination
of vinylidene chloride proceeds analogously. In the reaction of-70lefins vith
hexachloromelamiuc and hydrogen fluorLde at atnionpheric or somewhat higher pres-.
sure, chlorofluorination products are formed in yields an hi6h aa 60-6* Con-
:Jugated alditiorl of chlorine and fluorine was carried out with ethylene propy-
Ilene, cyclohexene, vinylidene chloride and fluoride, and mAhyl acrylate-1 The
.beta-chloroethyl cation formed in the chlorination of ethilenc. -can attackthen-
.zene electrophilically to yield beta-chloroethylbenzene. No such electro-
Iphilic attack Qccurred in the chlorination of viuyl:idene c1iW1okJkn the
,ence of benzene. Orig. art.. has: 6 formLlas. IMM-77,
TOPIC TAGS: '011fin, halo t d orf compow-d' vinyl C nipound
SUB CODE: 07 SM DAFE~a ~05AW5lni ORIG REFt 003 7 OTH REFs 007
Card 1/1 vmb UDCs 542,95 + 661.723-:L6

ACC NR, A1~6032902 SOURCE CODSs UR/0062/66/000/009/1575/1581
AUTHOR: Podol'skiy, A. V.; Knunyants, L L.
NtG: Instituto of Organomotallic Compoun&, Acadomy of Sciencou, SSSR (Inatitut ele-
montoorganichoskikh soyodinoniy Akademii nauk SSSR)
TITLE: Roactions in anhydrous hydrogen fluorido. Roport No. 5, Fluoroaminamethyla-
tion and fluc-roacylaminomethylation of haloolefins
SOURCES AN SSSR. Izvostiya. Soriya khimichoskaya, no. 9~ 1966~ 1575-1581
TOPIC TAGS: olofinp hydrogen fluoride, fluorinated organic compound
-LBSTRACT: E;4perimonts have shown that urotronin in the prosence of ig roadily con-
do,-1-3os with vinylidono chloride, vinylidono fluoride and trifluoroothylono undor vary-j-
mild conditicna (5-20*, atmosphoric pro3suro). With totrafluoroothylone, the roaction';
can talc place at 50' only under pressure. The main reaction products arc) the corres-~
pondin~ sy=atrical L'~-fluroalkyl-substituted hexahydrotriazinoo (I&-d) and propyla-
mines Ila-d).
Card -1/3

-- ACC NRI- AP60')2902
C=G fly CHI C113 dill +
N N N
+
a 111 113 CI; IA3 F14 1 0' 111 116 113 'It 11
b) B, F; It., IR, 11 d) R, = 117. 114 = F
,It was also found that mothylolacetamide in HF roacts with the above haloolorins at
:Iroom temperature (tetrafluoroothylano requires heating) to yield aaetyl derivatives
!of the cormsponding propylamines (IIIa-d). The same produoto were obtained by re-
iverse synthosis
C113CONIICII011 + IIIR2C=CI%lnA
Fillilic-cli'llacil,N11COCII,
CII.C0011
FRAC-CRA-CHM,
A) RI=Rl=Ci; R8=111=11 r.) RI=R,--R&=F; RJ=11
b) RI=III=F; IA,=Rd=ll J)

ACC NR. AP6032902
Authors thank E. I. Fodin and P. V. Petrovskiy for taking and intorproting the
.spactra. Orig. art. has$ 1 table.
SUB COUt 071' SUM DATEI i5Apr66/ OaIG REPI 013/ OTH REPI 001
i Card 3

S/882/62/000/001/018/100
A057/A126
ALYMORS: Dyatkin, B.L., Knunyants, I.L., German, L.S., Mochalina, Ye.P.
Tr.PIF,,: A mothnd for the preparation of o(-fluoro-M, ~-dihalogenpropionic
a, I kin
SOURCE: 3bornik izobreteniy; plastmassy i sinCeticheskiye smoly. no. 2.
Kon. Po delam izobr. i otkilylAy. 11,1o.-)cow, Ts9ITI, 1()62, 13 [Author's
cortificate no. 128459, c1. 12o, ll* (appl. no. 642346 of October 27,
1959)]
TEXT: By the present method relatively high yields of the. product can be
obtained by condensating 1,2-(iifluoi,o-1,2-(IiclilL)rc)ethylene witii paraform in the
presericc. of fluorosuifuric acid and subsequently treating the reaction mixture
with water and alkali metal halogenides. 0.3 mole paraform is added to a mixture
of 0.25 role 1,2-difluor,o-1,2-diczilo:,cetiiyletie and 0.75 mole fluorosulfuric acid
under s'Arring it for 2 h, with ,ub.,-,c-,ucnt 1-~eati'rig on a water bath for 1.5 - 2 h,
addition of 100 rrl water, 150 9 YBr wid boiling during 5 h with a reflux conden-
ser. The reaction mixture is filtered after ,,ooling, the precipitate washed with
Card 1/2

Vaa216210001001101 8/100
A friethod for the preparation of .... A057/A126
ether, the aqueouf3 layer lieu tral ized with a scda excess and then treated with the
ether extract. Later the zi~:ueous layer is acidified with conc. H2F)04 or 11C1 and
treatcd with etiier. T,,,e extract is dried "Itt" INIF,504, the ether is distilled off,
and 'he residue distilled in a vacuum. Thiis a-fluoro-a-chloro- ~ -brornoproplorde
acid with a boiling point of 80 - 85*C at 2 tor., and 50 - 555 of theoretical
yield, mnd ri-flut)i,o-c)L-chloro-~-hyciro,,cj~)rv,,),onic acid with a bolling point of
125 - 130*C at 2 torr and 15 - 2054 of theoretical yield is obtained. If Instead
of KBr KC1 is used for the treatment of the DrimarV Drodurtr,.' thpn ti-flnnrn-d.
~ -dichloroproi)ionic aied is obtained with 40 - 50% of theoretical yield and a
hailing point of IGOOC at 20 torr. The patent was sent to the Goskomitet SM SSSR
po khimii (Goskomitet CMI USSR for Chemistry) for testing and use.
[Abstracte~,Is note: Complete translation]
Card 2/2

S/882/62/000/002/012/100
A051/Ai"6
AUTHORS; Knunyants, I. L., German L. Dyatkin, B. L,, Mochalina, Ye. P.
TITLE: Production method for..~--flLloro-o,-rliloro-p-oxypi,oplorila acid
SOURCE: Sbornik izobreteniy; plastmassy I sinteticheskiye smoly. no. 2.
Kom. po delam izobr. I otkrytly. Mo-scow, TsMT, 196~?, 10,
FAuthor's certificate no. 128460, cl. 12o, 11 (appl. no. 642347
of October 27, 195")
TEXT: The outstanding feature of the method is the condensation of
1,2-diflu(;ro-1,2-clichloroethylene with paraf6rm in the presence of chlorosulfanic
acid under atmospheric pressure and mild tempnra~ure conditions. 0.3 mol of para-
form is ac.ded while mixing over a period of 1.5 hrs to a mixture of 0.2 mol of
1,2-clifi-ac-ro-1,2-dichloroethylene and 0.34 r1oll of chlorosulfanio, acid. Then, the
mixture is left to stand for 2 hrs at room temperature and, further, it is heated
in a water- bath for 4.5 hrs. The obtained reaction mass Is decomposed while cool-
ing by gradual addition of 100 ml of coticentrated hydrochloric acid and 75 9 of
potassium chloride, after which it is heated to the boiling point for 5 hrs. The
Card 1/2

Production 7nethod for...
S/ 9"32/6,2/000/00 210121100
A05 I/A t,76
miNture Is "Iltored, the ro.;I(filo washed with ether, anki t1he filtrate neu-
tra'Lized .ith L;I)Iution of sodium carbonate and processed with eirl ether extract.
The processed filLrate- is then again acidified with hydrochLorie acid and repeated-
ly extracteii ether. The ether extraot Is dried with magnesium sulfate and, 0
after distiIIIng the ether, it is subjented to vacuum distillati..n t 125 _
) a 130 C
rind 3 mm Hg. The yield of the obtained,~,,-fluoro-G~~chloro-~-ovpropionic acid
is 6V,..
[Abstracter's note: Complete translation]
Card 2/2

KOTOV, V.T. , Drof. (jERMATT, L.S, , *, ~., , 1, - 11, !1 ~. -1 1 s t ~,rt
7 1 , , , . I ~ , _; -1
Ring test with td,--)od seram for V,~,.erinarlia
37 n(-,.3,-84-86 Mr 160. (MIRA 16~6..'
1. Voronezhskiy zoo tekhni c he 9k,:- ve ta r inar jiyy institut..
(Bru,- 'I I

I : -, 1 , , :, m : .: -, t ~ , . , . . . .; t * -- , ',' - * :, " ~ " -: ,
~. ", ~ , 1~ -, ~ ~~ i -. lill~ ~- . z , I - -
C~ . . !.i , . ~ ? I I , . I

. ~,:. - - , - , . . -'. C ! , , - , .
: - -.- 1 , I I . - *1 ~ I - 1 ~. .~ r I ~., ~, ~ - , - . . .1 1 1 : :L, I ' 1: -
- . - I . - - . . . . I
I I , - , . . , . , , ., I ;'. I ! " ; ~

POGORELOV. Uikolay Semenovich. kand.ekon.nauk; PANCIMIKO, N.F., dotsent,
otv.red.; red.; KHOKHANOVSKAYA, T.I., tekJL-ed.
(State forms as the highest form of agricultural organization
under socialism] Sovkhozy kak vysahaia forms organi2ataii
sellskogo' khoziaistva pri sotsializme . Izd-vo Kievokogo gos.
univ., 1958. 133 P. (MIRA 12:4)
(State forms)

TARLSENKO, Vasiliy Akimovich; SUYARKO, L.A., kand.istor.nauk, otvetstvennyy
red.; GMUfAll, M.A., rod.; VOKWOVSKATA, T.I., tokhn.red.
[Atomic problem in the foreign policy of the United states, lQ45-
19491 Atomnaia problema vo vneshnei oolitike SShA (1945-1949 99.).
[Kiev] izd-vo Kievskogo gos.univ. im. T.G.Shevchenko. 1958. 243 p.
(United States- Foreign relations) (MIRA 11:7)
(Atomic weapons)

L 5021-0 EWT(I)/FCC GW
ACC NR: K602080 SOUME CUM UR/253i/65/bcoA71/ow3/bui9
AUMORS: VorontBov, P. A.; German, M. A.
ORG: Main Geuphysl'~;I-] j."qIijil-r~.1d (Glavililyrt g'eelfiz ic lie -'skaya
observaECE~4-
TIM. ":-Ludying aWio:;pww.Lc burbulurico with tho aid of it halicoptor
3OURCE: LeainL~,yad, Glavnaya geofiziche-3kaya obsorvatorlya. Trudy, no. 171, 1965.
Pezulltaty Amoufernoy turbulentnonti na vexlulotr~vkb trussakh q
(Reault's of the jw .;~~igabion of aWoapheric tlia-bulwico on helicop~or routes), 3-19
TOPIC TA'- )iQlltl!:~ fligiit, ciiara~;bt3riutic weatlhar Vorecauting, atmosphera,
IIIJ I lwhcopter' I'Ll L'I
!"ind' at hullc-rv~o' 2
ARKPAGT: Tho ijsf~ of helicoptor typos 1,11-tj aW LM-1-1 in !itudying atipo5ph0riC
turbulence is descrUbt;~'. Vie aclvantag-~)s oP neliculAHr3 ?ovoir f~-'.xcd-wing craft in,
atruospi-1,3ric rese.~u-~,h arc-, briefly discusoc--d. Loarla actlwl on a helicoptor ar"I
dq.ucribcd in ri.,lalion to Uie coordinato systuri 31)vwn in 'Fj~,. 1, where tbo origin
Card 1/4

L 50'2~ -
AGO NR% JN50214860
F i
1. System of
coordinate axes
CWTrilatad with
the holicopter
of coore-Inat-ps the center of gravity of the helieopti.4r. In this system an
exterrial. r.,.-Ing on the helicopter results in overkads In, the coordinate
i-Card-2/4
41:~7, 7 7

L 5021-65
ACC NRi AT50241360
directiors which are given by
R,
Y
The helicoptur in m arbitrary Lif,lit i,.' i i i:i akotchud as a free body for tlio
purpose cf rolatLiq, ~,uom(Ary arv.1 forca i~Kpreasl.uria for resultant rotor
aerodynamic forces, drab- rejistance forces, pm-1pulsion forr~w;, and gravity are
ilicludod. 'Vile F:ilm- 1'arce and i~eonic-Lric quariid~ies tire Micqi related to the
diuiensiorle,'35 alerl~,ad parame.Uors. Two molct.~; of helicopte-r fli6lit axe definel:
C1~1f,-iit, i.~ '-iicM in which the cc;~r-,,r f gravity of the ex-a-ft is fixed
with rosi;ecr, t,: thr) -,l1r rqF.,s3 imedium wid theru, is no rotation of t,hrq craft abolat
~110 Corlt".1. of, [wr i 7, mta) f I.ji-Ill, "R
tort-iied ~itatim- ry when tranalational
acGolerat ion j!; c :1.:I,~i r1ow; t, Lit, iollaxy 'file effl:!'As LNI* atmospheric
tw-bulun-.#~ oi,, 1),J~ ~'i aild liorimitd. flignt. mode* are dwroloped, and tiw
ae I
, 'rodyn".wic, t,ort"if; -w r;lt-ed by the rotor blade!i -~u,e derivi'A. 71:~-3 computatio'.1
of Vert-Icni
fro:li G-j.,,:'1t control poira-moteri and aecalero--
[,raph dat;,, A7, and tabid.ate~l for bot'li airplanun ai-,d halicopt~ors.
Go'-flilutatJon ()(' t'01.]
. . .. ~j or
burbtilontrioi;i ob:~')-nf) oblakakii. ,io. 10, 1953). via
Card 3/h

ME
ACC NR: Ai'5021idki
results of per-fonned in Augst 1962 for t.11a pui-Pwit., of obtaining
charactori3tic,i of 'Ov aloni. tii.~ SimiNrcpoll-Yalta rnuto aro tabulated
and discus3ed. An iij-), ttiaiicoijter anzi an SP-11 overload were used in bho
teqta, Ori-, irU, hEis,. 16 tablfls, 4 fibures,, and 25 o(iLLaLiOhj,-
,Tj~ 11 114,M": OU/ QIIIG Ita I OW OT11 RFY Ow
SUB CODE. E5~ qc

3/169/62/000/009/089/120
D228/D307
AUTHOR6: German, M.-A. , Mazurin, N. 1. arid Solonin, S. V.
TITLE: Question of flight conditions in cirri
PERIODICAL; Referativnyy zhurnal, Geofizika, no. 9, 1962, 70, ab-
stract 9B426 (Tr..Leningr. gidrometeorol. in-ta, no.
12, 1961, 163-16-7)
TEXT: Ananylsis of the data of exploratory f lights by Ty - 4o q (TU-
104) aircraft in July - August 1958 and August - 6edtember 1960
over the USSR's European part, East Siberia, and the Far East --
and also of routine flights on the air routes Leningrad-Moacow,
Leningrad-Kiyv, and Leningrad-Sverdlovsk -- showed that,whert the
middle or lower layer is cloudy, cizri have a greater vertical ex-
tent than if clouds are absent. Whqn the middle or lower layer is
.Cloudy, the average vertical extent of firri comprises 2700 m on a
warm, 2300 m on a cold, and 2600 m on an occluded front; if there
are no-lower or middle clouds, it comprises 2500, 1200, and 2100 m
respectively. The mean vertical extent of frontal cirri depends on
Card 112

S/16 6 2/000/009/089/12 0
Question of flight 1)228yi)307
the la,;itude. On a warm front it increases from 1600 m at 40 - 500~N
to 3300 m at 51 - 550N and then decreases to 1800 m at 61 - 650N.
On a cold front in the same latitudes the average vertical extent
of cir:7i comprises 140U, 2200, and 1400 m ref3POCtively. The average
bump f:,equency in clouds amounts to 72~% In different forriia of cir-
ri, including those of jet 8treainu, the OVCI'10~Lds var,,j from 0.01
to 0.60 g in the warm season. Tile maximum overload frequency falls V~
on the 6radation 0.01 - 0.10 g. Overloads of from 0.2 to 0.6 g are
recorded in the cirri of jet streamG. In cirro-strati bumping is
most intensive at the upper and lower boundaries. Tile bump layer's
average thickness in the upper layer's clouds comprises 200 - 600 m,
the maximum being 1500 m. The mean values of turbulence factors in
different forms of cirri are given, as is the relation between the
characteristic scale of turbulent movements and the difference of
the huiaid-adiabatic and vertical temperature gradients; it testi-
fies to the fact that the dimension of the elements of turbulenGe
grows its the instability of atmospheric stratification increases,
4 references. /-Abstracter's notei Complete trdnslation._7
Card 2/2

-.-GERMAN, M.A.-
Turbulent exchange in clouds. Meteor. i g1drol. no.10:15-21 0 '63.
(MIRA 16:11)
1. Leningradakiy gidrometeorologicheskiy institut.
.iv

G3CIIAN. 'K.A. ;Dt;"JOV, A.S. (Leningrad)
. .-
I"
,.be L, rcraf t as a means of atrosp~ieri 2 'Iur*bulance- re-vearch it.
report presented at the 2nd All-Union Congreoo on 1heovetical and Appli,3'."
'-'echan~.cs, Iloscow, 29 Jan - Feb 64.

ACCESSION NR: AT4043157 S/2531/64/000/154/0046/0057
AUTHOR: German, M. A.
TITLE: Some results of an experimental investigation of the structure -- energy
characteristics of turbulence in clouds
SOURCE: Leningrad. Glavnaya geofizicheskaya obsorvatoriya, Trudy*, no, 154. Voprosy*
fiziki atmos:ery* (Problems in atmospheric physics), 46-57
TOPIC TAG3. meteorology, atmospheric physics, cloud, atmospheric turbulence, atmos-
pheric turbulence coefficient, jet strearn, accelerograph
ABSTRACT: This article discusses the principal results of computation of the structure-
energy characteristics of turbulence in clouds. The computations were made on a "Ural-21,
electronic computer. Data were obtained from accelcrograph records of aircraft turbulenco
and temper alu re-wind sounding. The methods for processing the accelerog-rams and com-
puting the structure- energy characteristics were described in earlier papers. A total of
305 cases was processed and analyzed, of which 289 cases were in clouds and 16 In the
lower stratosphere. For the majority of cloud forms the initial data cover both half-years,
and for St, Sc and Cu - different geographical regions as well, especially the temperate
Card 1/5

ACCESSION NR: AT4043157
and Arctic latitudes. The computation method used in the paper made it possible to
determine tile spectral density for each case and to give a quantitative evaluation of the
0
rate of diss0ation of turbulent energy in different cloud forms mid in the surrounding
medium. Table 2 of tile original gives the logarithms of tile mean values of spectral
density of turbulence in clouds of different forms for the warm and cold seasons. Figures
1 and 2 of the Enclosure show the energy spectra of vertical wind gusts in different cloud
,genera. It had been demonstrated earlier by the author (Tr. LGINII, No. 14, 1963) that the
intensity of turbulence in clouds is dependent on season and velocity of air flow; the
derived spectral density curves fully confirm these conclusions. Cumulonimbus clouds are
an exception; t1he averaged turbulence spectrU11.1 for well-developed Cb in the warm season
is displaced sharply in the direc,ion of small v.-ios of space frequency. A study of the
enerm spectrum in jet stream clouds and outside them confirms that in cloud systems
.y
as.,ociated with jet streams a high degree of turbulence is characteristic. A study of the
curves of sp,.,ctral density of vertical wind gusts in clouds was made on the basis of S3
cases. The data show that turbulent energy changes in relatively broad limits. In most
cases strong turbulent mixing corresponds to high values of the turbulence coefficieat and
largo volocitios of dissipation of turbulent energy. W"c mixing corresponds to small
Carl~

ACCESSION N`R: AT4043157
values of turbulent energy. To a cortain degree, the turbulent energy in a cloud Is
dependent o.'i the position of the level relative to cloud boundaries. In comparing the
turbulent energy values at different levels in a cloud it was found that there is a tendency
to an increase in energy of dissipation with height and vice versa. It is shown that the
rate of dissipation of turbulent energy is essentially dependent on the level of kinetic
energy in the cloud layer. An estimate is made of the turbulent energy value for the Sur-
face layer. An expression, is derived for making appromimate computations of the rate of
0
dissipation of turbulent energy. Orig. art. has- 16 formulas, 4 figilres and 4 tables.
ASSOCIATION: Glavnaya geofizicheskaya observatoriya (Main Geophysical Observatoryl
SUBMITTED: 00 ENCL: 02
SUB CODE: ES NO REF SOV: 007 OTHER: 003
3/5

:,'R: ATIX43157 MCWSURE; 01
Z3
j,
Fig. 1. Ene;.-[,,Y spcctrum of vertical wind gusts in stratus and stratocumulus clouds
in the temperate latitudes. Warm half-year; I -Se, 3 - St; cold half-year:
2 - Sc, 4 - St.
Card 4/5

NR: AT4043157
ENCLOSM 02
Fig. 2. Energ-y spectrum of vertical wind gusts in a well-developed cumulus cloud.
I - zold half-year, 2 - warm half-year.
Caxd 5/5

ACCESSION MR: AT4043159 S/2531/64/000/15,1/0065/0077
AUTHOR: Vorontsov, P. A. (Doctor of geozraphic aciences); Germn, ~~. A.
TITLE: A method for investigating the turbulent regime of the boundary layer from
0
accelcrogra?h records at Pakhta-Aral
SOURCE: Leningrad. Glavnaya goof izichoskaya observatoriya. Trudy*, no. 154.
Voprosy* fizild atmosfery* (Problems in atmospheric physics), 65-77
TOPIC TAGS: meteorology, atmospheric boundary layer, accelerograph, atmospheric
turbulenc-
ABSTRACT: This article discusses a method for computing a number of characteristics
of the structure of the air flow from aircraft accelerograph records. Computations were
made with aa clectroruc computer. The records of aircraft overloads were obtained
largely duriag the Pak-hta-Aral Expedition of the Glavnaya geofizichoskaya observatoriya,
(Main Geophysical Observatory) in 1952. The authors also determined the values of We
coefficient of turbulent exchanae more precisely. Only a sample of 12 cases out of 180
was used. Most flights were made on a PO-2 aircraft in the morning hours. The aircraft
made horizontal flights at heights of 300, 500, 750 and 1, 000 m above cotton fields, the
Card 1/3

ACCESSIONNII: AT4043159.
steppe and desert. Aircraft overloads were recorded with a ZP-11 accelerograph. Data are
given on computation of the turbulence coefficient for flights over Lhese underlying surfaces.
For convemence in further analysis the turbulence energy spectrum was represented in the
in the form of a set of curves, as shown in Fig. 1. of the Enclosure. 77here Is a spread
of the curves of the energy spectnun which can be attributed to the difference in the inten-
sityof turbulent energy during flights over thedifferent surfaces. With a decrease in thesize-
of turbulent eddies (with an increase in space frequency) all the curves have a tendency to
decrease. The individual peaks on the curves reflect the influence of vertical currents
causing an energy increase in the spectrum. With an increase in scale of the eddies the
intensity of energy transfer from eddies of one scale to eddies of a larger scale Increases
somewhat with respect to the high-frequency part of the spectrum. This is associated with
the thermal stability of the investigated layer. The method described for determination of
the spectr,-1 density of turbulent energy can be used in various investigations of the free
.atmosphere. Orig. art. has: 20 formulas, 5 figures and 5 tables,
ASSOCIATION: Glavnaya geofizicheskaya. observatoriya, Leningrad (Main Geophysical
Observatory) "0
SUBMITTED: 00 ENCL: 01
SUB CODE- ES NO REF ST"; 015 OTHER: 000
Card 2/3

'CCESSIO,"i NEI: AT4043159
cl
Figural. Turbulence energy spectrum over different underlying- surfaces, Ordinate=
Lrn/sec.2 ; abscissa = rad. Isec.
;-ad./nI
ENCLOSURE. 01
Card 3/3

VOH( NTSWI , 11 , A . j ';;-;d4AN , M , A. ; I A .:; .
tind muie rt3suhs of ~in ~iirh.-rne of
exotiange in the boundary layer of tho atrnwqpheri~. Trudj GOO rc).15,1:
"'I-~3 '0~. ( 1,11 fi 4 1,7 -. ())

652LI-o5 IKIT( 1 )/FFCC Gil
ACCESSICIN N11: AP5019148
AUTHOR.- Dubov,_.A.. _8, Ger,mani lit. A. j,
TITLE: ESpectral density of vertical gusts of Nvind willim ttlom(511
SOURCE AN Sr,,qR. Izvestiya. Fizlka atmos.1e:vy .1 okeantip V'. A 1370-0711)
TOPIC TAGS: turbulent energy dissipation, wind grust: vertical whid, viind spectral
density, cloud turbulence
ABSTRACT- Turbulent cloud states art) still i[11;;U,1fj6ontly undw.%Wood, Vractically 11:1.1
infomat L.-,n available on the (ILUMARRtive charavioristics of 111:1-bu tel ill, o in Clouds )1~413
tlie acco'Moro-rams of the ce],1101' Of (!.F a-irvi-af t~
been collceted by processing
fixed course. flov,,ever, Piost of the carlier glaidleF (see, e.g. , 1~. S Dmbov, Tr. (343.ro, no.
98, 1959; L. 'r. matvuvev, izv. AN "ISSR, ~wr. i vot'!,rl. , tit). 1.9138; M, A. GerIVI'LL11
bleteorolcgiya i gidrologiya, no. 10, 1963) mor(flY determtmi] arLaiij JM1,egTal obarixter-
istics of th,- displacement of the air currci)ts. The present paper deaLo mflh the, distvibu-
tion of fit( enorgy of vertical wind psts exfxackld fr,-)m the ansofliftod dLqtitj' -banves. Rathl-
or than Earessing tho ~Zimilaritien of the fe,,%, data of dos kind ~lwo H. P1,essy IM. 11.
Card 1/2

L 65211-65
ACCESSION NR: APS019148
Meadows, T. Hadbock, INACA report, no. 1272) Iom; C" N' 1"birl !r-AO no, 4.3
1962), It points out the itriderlyhq, dUforences. The hope Is lbal! such dllferenceq viii
appear A~henever the data, correspond to different dogreen of do;n1elopinva.-I of atmospherlo
Uirbulenvo. The authors analyzed tho data fi-om 12 mgm,s crm-fled oat by varims type's of
planes o-ter tho European and Asian pnrlz of tho Swilet Uniou jiml ovor tfie Arctic, 'Phe
acceleration values at half-second intervals vmre fcd Into the computer which
ev"Ifilatel the ~orrvlatiur. functlon and the spectral rlensil;ies cif Pke ceriter of muss atxele'ra-
hons. 1"Ps-tift,4 art, in ffin, form of graphs ruplrvsmonting ~ipeillral; derivitles of gusts A varfoua
-it tv
"if) )i(: loi'a ti ( ns ') T)d n cli f fe rei t
per, of clouds and the rmea of dimi,;Iilation of torlm)Ient
rmerp,~' icf)mj)nrud %,.ith data 'rom severfl othor awhors). Tbv dlssilm_~ion rates "rre Com-
pared .%ith the Richa.-Istm '11,111hi'I's and the Vertiefil shemr, of the wirid. A table sunimarizes
,lie rims V'R1110 0i 1111113F-S fOr 7:~0~01S 1,,rpeo 0' viirvii; Ori.;,,. uxl.. lias: 1. fornufla, 5 fln.,tres
iind :3 ~:111'les. .1
ZMSSOCIA,rim- Lenhigradstklv jj.~1iq'jijjj, (Lwitnjj;md, ~ ly,,L, c~rrxt Caro -
logical Institute)
SUMMED- 210ctG4 ENCL: on 18U.13 CODE:
NO REF,SOV- 010 OTHER. 00"I
Card ',',?2

0.,
Ir.-.!Ins Of a holic.,:,Dter.
7,C "MTRA '8j9)

EM/W
:ACCESSION NRi AT5024867 UR/2531/65/000/171/0081/009()
t
;AUTHOR*. German, M.A.
TITLE: &Dme results of investigating the turbulent system in mountainous regions
of the Ca:aca3us
SOURCE- JAningrad. Glavnaya geofizicheakaya observatoriya. rrudy, no. 174 1965.
Rezulltaty issledovaniya atmosfernoy turbulentnusti aa verboletiVidi trassakh
(Results of the investigation of atmospheric turbulence on helicQpber routes)
90
TOPIC TAGU: orography, 4~pjqqpheric turbulence, atmospheric stratification,
helicopter/ MI 4 helicopter
ABSTRACT: Results are reported of 20 flights over the Ad1er-PGelendzhyk route to
investigate the effects of atmospheric turbulence on helicopters. 'rile information,
was gathered in response to the growing importance of helicopter -transportation in
mountainous regions where the use of airplanes is limited. Helicopter MI-4 was
jfitted with a modified automttic recorder SP-11. This instrument registered the
helicopter' s excess loadinW ind changes of acceleration in various directions.
Obtained cacelerograms were supplemented by visual observations, temperature

L 2566-66
ACCESSION NR: AT5024807
readings, and wind soundings. Analysis of these data showed that *the wind system
is the determining factor in the development of bhe atmoupheric tuxbulence in the
investigated region. The strong stratification of the boundary layer is also
important.. With increasing altitude, the atmospheric layers become more unifOM2
and the turbulence subsides, as illustrated in Fig. 1 on the Enclosure. licrease
of the flight altitude when bumping occu:rs in lower layers ueems desirable for
passenger helicopter flights on this route. A number of calculations connected
with thiti work were performed by N. 1. Kuznetsova. A. N. .11arozhiiXy and the
......... ........'I . 440'~"-
author participated in all of the flights..,-/ Otig. art. has: 3 figures,-28 tables,
and 3 f ormu.W
ASSOCIATION: Glavnaya geofissichoskaya observatori7a, Lexingrad (Main Geophrjical
Observatory)
SUBMITTED: 00 ENCL 1 01 SUB GODS: ES.1
NO PM SCIV: oo4 OTHER-. 000
Card 2/3

L 2566-66
AGGMION NR: AT502407
:600 r
.406
200
Card 30
;,.o
EMWSURSt 01
Fig. 1. Average
vertical profile
of the turbulence
coefficient from
the accelerographic
datat a- avomga
values of the
turbulence coeffi-
cient, b- average
maxinal values of
the turbulence
coefficient

L 06547-67 Fir, 1, GW
N R. AIT6021520 SOURCE CODE: UR/2531/66/000/1.87/02211'0231
AUTHOR: German. M. A.; Tarakanova. V. 11. Y"
iORG. non(~
,TITLE: Results of comparing the characteristics of steady-state
turbulence in let streams, calculated by various methods
SOURCE: Leningrad. Glavnayn gLofizicheskaya observaLoriva. Trudy,
!no. 187, 1966, Fizika pogranichnogo slo'ya atmosfery (Physics of the
atmospheric boundary layer), 221-231
TOPIC TAGS: atmospheric turbulence, jet stream, aircraft
:bumping, wind speed, free atmosphere, thermodynamics
i i
1ABSTRACT: A method is presented for evaluating the characteristics of
turbulence in jet streams, based on previous ttieoretical investigation S
by D. L. Laykhtman and V. A. Shnaydman, who used data from temperature
iand wind sounding. Additional data included measurements of the verti-
cal component of fluctuations in wind velocity obtained during 20
special research flights by fast airplanes near 'Hoscow and Leningrad in
!
~1954-19'57. The temperature and wind sounding data were selected to
correspond in time and height with the data obtained from airplane
LCard 1/2

L 065h7-67
ACC NRt AT6021520
flights, limiting the study to only 12 cases. Previously derived a
theoretical formulas and three nomograms (presented in the original
article) were used with the sounding data to compute the vertical com-
ponent of wind gustiness.w' fof all of these cases. Accelerograph
records made it possible to compute and tabulate the average and maximum
values of w'. A correlation field was constructed to test the relation-i
ship between the vertical wind-velocity fluctuations computed by dif-
ferent methods. The correlation coefficient between different values
of w' proved to be quite high-about 0.72 with a probable error of
1 0.07. Investigations were made of the Vaisala parameter
9-
(Y. - Y)
t
T
for the relationship between w' and atmospheric stability, the vertical
gradient of the wind velocity vector for the relationship between w'
and the dynamic factor, and the Richardson number. However, no definite:
relations'hip was noted. It is concluded that a parameter which is more;
general than the Richardson number should bs used in seeking the rela-
tionships between the characteristics of turbulence and the thermody-
naraic state of the free atmosphere. Orig. art. has: 4 figures, 6 form-11
ulas, and 6 tables. 1E0]
SUB CODE: 04/ SUBM DATE: none/ ORIG REF: 012/
Card 2 / 2 'k .-' ',

GIMIM14, M.E.; KVBA60V. G.H., red.-, SAYTANIDI, L.D., tp~:hn.red.
-TI-ko 11 rience in changing contract conditionB between bfichine-tractor
s ta tionq
, and collective farms; exoerience of tile. Vyeontchi Kachine-
Tractor Station and tile Illeninskii Put'" Collective Farm in Bryaask
Province] Iz oputa nekotorykh Umenenil dogovornyVil otnoshenii RTS
s kolkozami; opyt Vypnicheskoi, HTS s kolkhozom "Ieninskii out'"
Brianakoi oblasti. LHoakva, Izd-vo H-va sell khoz. RSYSR, i9571
8 p. (MIR1 11:3)
1. Direktor Vygonicheskoy maGIiinno-traktornoy stantsii (for
German)
(Bryaask Province-4(achine-tractor stationa)
(Bryansk Province--Collective farms)

s/196/62/000/014/034/o46
E194/E155
AUTHORS: Dorfman, L.Ya., and German, M.I.
TITLE: Design of hearth burners
PERIODICAL: Referativnvy zhurnall Elektrotekhnika i energetika,
no.14, 1962, 11, abstract 14 G 70. (Gaz. prom-sti,
no.1, 1962, 23-27).
TEXT: It is recommended that the slots in the fire-resistant
lin'ing of hearth burners should be made straight and up to 200 rrm
high; for water-heating boilers the dimensions of the gas
apertures arranged symmetrically about a vertical axis should not
exceed 90-1000. The gas aperture diameter is determined from the
following formula:
d Q S-106/(M.~ q Q'-1.57~1 V-Tg-h7-y-3600)
no m con H
where; Qnom - the nominal thermal rating of' the boiler, kcal/hour;
S - the aperture pitch, mm;
m - the number of burner tubes on the boiler;
Card 1/2

Design of hearth burners S/19U/02/000/014/0314/60
E194/E155
con' - the conventional length of the perforated part of the
burners;
boiler efficiency;
c - the calorific value of the gas, kcal/m 3 (at n.t.p.)
H
- a flow factor taken as 0.5-0.7;
g - 9.61 m/sec2;
h - gas pressuve, mm water;
y - specific weight of gas, kg/m-) (at n.t.p.).
The number of gas apertures is determined from the formula
n = 2 ;' con IS, Nomograms are given to determine the parameters of
hearth burners, with a worked example.
'-Abstractor's note: Complete translation.-,
Card 2/2

GERMI~,A.I.; FEDOTIYEV, P.V., inzh.
Improvement of semiautomatic block system apparatus with polarized
line networks. Avtom,, telem,i evias' 6 no,11:43 N 162,
(MIRA 15:11)
1. Veduschiy konstruktor xavoda "Transs:,aal" (for German).
(Railroads-Signaling-Block system)

91 10 111, 11111 fm All: 0, a. w I w W V . . " ". "
1W9 TO 0 0 # 0 0 0 0 0 a 0 $00 of
4 It I I t IT a U Ij w Is . TTW. 1. 11 w u w a a .0 0 'J.,
__J~ a x P " , I " 1 1, 12
A A -"-4L-1_ A A .1 ]1 Q R I I v T 1_A_ I . I U 0 CC M M
GOA Ju
Ot
InveldglifiOn Of tht ItelodynAmic properlies of bulk coke
A *11 linik, %I. Y.A. (;I Timm,
Lit. mid F. A. LiNtwii ml 7, h-t v-t~ I Ii.
-h,trilmlie-in'aml ni-tritint,4 x-s- thi-gh Ili, . h-so ,I
I W."t fillm- limaly '11', 1, tl,~ .... .. I 11'. t I, I " J
md t w fKv 4 Ow K , " , I h. I, I---, . it., 1.1',
111. -1 flw , hmpt . . .... I )-- ml, -4 it', -"'
in Ou ,, . I'Ll"g I I ". ~1,.Jt
vihhh g-, I- 1',~ -I,
fim-- 1, ., - "14.",
~ f, 1 11 1-1 11% .1, 1., , .1. 1 J it,.
I..IIL -k.,
00. ;Iwo*
00-4 e Kr.mt v Ili Ili. r a,. 1.; 0 0
R .:,.-d,Sd hydimili, 1-1,,mind -.%1i I'll Ill,
Ul-)n the f.willjIL, 1_1:0 0
k V,'Jk~' ,hrrr k Ili. 1:0 0
Lin, %1-11y'd Ow I(.,, Ill ,I
gge 0
-I thir 2 Lg 1--r III. old
too Ili. jw-r Tlh ri I-)r, . k11 112 1 ', A,,
out th... defil, di.-FIN.1 A h n,
too
\1 It.-It
0 0
:3 0 0
lT&L LURWAL LITI! RAT UBE CLASSIPICATION It V- tio 0
wee
Ir
v 1 4 a v---q - -T )t pw o it 0 1 w
LC CP It W 1( 9 a It a 9 a a it a VA im"ll
0 * 0 0 0 0 1!,
401*0 00 0* 'S* 00 0 0 4 9 0 0 * 11111 9 0 0 a 00 0 0 0 0 4 0
:1'** *0 0 0 0 0 0 0 : 00 : 00 0 0 jLi 0 a 0 0 0 0 0 6 * 4 0 0 0 0 0 * 0

3 GASJFICATION 2L RJM. and
10 7. XAAHZRY is,
larstik, A.I. (Za Mcon. Topliva (ftel Icon.). Aug. 11361, 13-16). A
r*cO)rd to given of a successful experiment on the use, of 81A refuse and
20% coke finee in A gas producer. The refuse contained 30 to 35% combus-
tible mntorial. 1 to 2% lice was added to the chiirge to mAke tho slog
porous and easy to brenk up. W.
-Jia J I

Gi~iULA Y- YA-
0,
Fuel Abst. 3046., EXPEHIM~TAL fillIRIIINCI.OF WASTE FFCH COAL F'qEPAIAl Ibit
Vol. 15 No. 4 Genrim, K.Ya. and Karyislk, (Pyn- 86", tlci~-Cxf)' Apr.
Apr. 1954 -117,T, -9-1 IT. Exporlm-ntal copsumptlon of Mixturm of 't-allings Out ZN
Steam attiaing and ccomcmial product wis carrlcJ out In the voribisticn Cinnitxx of tin horl2cntal
vutfx-tubc bollor of 2.5 Uns/h calllelLy. rne mothoij wtd are lestrit-ed
Steam Engines
and a detailed Ilialysis Is given of the fild and re3tilts of ambustlon,

a 1 Pr !.~:c t fie -L
era I
s-i
Aos Jour! R,t, li 2
14. lr-.ra s 11 st i tL t
-- vs': C,
t
wlie 11-ilizat I r'',, oi' Coal -Troatment %laote3 ILI
Tit!(, L, I u u
G a a 1A n
0 r i T D t k t a
PtOstra-,t: T:ic. res,.,,lts frc.,~:j vil.61h tl-,.e r-asification
-.. 1, ea t 1..,2
of 1!asteo fl~):- "-,)a! )e1 ~,l t iu n s ~ oll't i e
tail-,.-, in 0 m cliacieter are
t a' 'if
T,.e
1) r c 11, ell
s', ~c -i, ach have bee..
,-asifiel-l a s'---~aw-J'J' L)1'7'tl Illth the a6dition
of onice L,,,.S~u- pr.)~ "'r, frcin tl~e manu-
of' -,ol~c.) ',1: 2 ('all t;i r-(vce slar-til-11
, " ~1,, - - , -? L~ - LN
ao:1 to veal,- -I e ~as yiolu is
CaITCL 1;'2

USS)R,/Chendcal TechiiclL, Pz-.-,(Iucts aa''Their 1-13
f s lid iir,eral fucis
A'os Ju-ir: ReF Zhu- Khi.ml,.a, I "-, ( , ~)230
Al)stra2'u: 1.,71 n13 per I- of fiel- the heatiii,~ value of the
,-,as -Dro.,vcpu! 'cal )er m3. The -al't-hors
~)reseat 61.,e utilizat ioll Of waste
olat-eriall- proCcceil curiii,.- ,)al trcatme.lt as a
lor!al frel ~oi- pui-pc)~;cs.
Card

GERMU1, 14. Ya., kand.tekhn.nauk
Connection between the aerodynamlc index of the ph7sical and
mechanical qualities of coke and the operation of the blast
furnace. Trudy Inst.tepl.All TJRSR no.10:83-R8 '53. (MIRA 13:5)
(Blast furnaces) (coke)

SOV/124-57-5-58 19
Translation from: Referativnyy zhurna[. Mekhanika, 1957, Nr 5, p 113 (USSR)
AUTHOR: German, M. Ya.
TITLE: The Relationship Between the Hydraulic Resistance Offered by a
Layer of Metallurgical Coke and Its Grain-size Composition (Zavisi-
most' gidravlicheskikh soprotivleniy sloya domennogo koksa ot
sitovogo sostava)
PERIODICAL: Tr. Dnepropetr. khim.-tekhnol. in-t, 1955, Nr 4, pp 162-168
ABSTRACT: The author evolves the well-known formulae for estimation of the
hydraulic resistance that is encountered by a gas filtering through a
layer of irregula r- shaped solid particles. The results are given of
an experiment of the author's wherein a gas was blown through a
layer of metallurgical coke. The empirically determined power
ratio of the hydrattlic- resistance coefficient to the Reynolds number
was 0.4. Comparison of the author's restilts with the experimental
findings of Zhavoronkov (Zhavoronkov, N. M, Acrov, M. E., and
Umnik, N. N., Zh. fiz. khimii, 1949, Vol 23, Nr 3) and with those of
Leva [Transl. Ed. Note: Leva, Max; Pressure Drop Through Packed
Card 1,. Tubes. 1. A General Correlation] (Chem. Engineering Progr, i947,

SOV/124-57-5-5819
The Relationship Between the Hydraulic Resistance Offered by a Layer of (cont.)
Vol 43, p 549 and p 633) reveals a discrepancy. A weakness in the analysis made
of the experimental results is the fact that the author refers them to Reynolds num-
bers computed from the mean diameters of the solid particles 'comprising the
porous filtration medium. Bibliography: 9 references.
Ye. M. Minskiy
1~
Card 2/2'

683-7-14/16
AUTHO'IS:Miryan, I.F., Toptyginj L.A. and German, M.Ya (Cand.Tecil.Sc.
TITLE! The Combustion of Wastes from Coal Beneficiation on.
Electricity Generatir4.1, Stations (TETs). (8zhiganiye na TDTs
otkhodov ugleobogashcheniya).
PERIODICAL: Koks i Khimiya, 1957, Nr 7, pp. 53-58 (USSR)
ABSTRACT: The use of wastes from coal beneficiation plants of ash
content about 60% (a mixture of separated rock and washing
residues, Table 1) in boilers for generating electricity on
the Bageyskiy Coke Oven Works was investigated. The install-
ation is described in some detail (coal dust burner of M3_
Babkok type). Coke oven gas was used for a su plementary
flame. The following problems were studied: 13 the use of
waste product containing about 60% ash; 2) conditions nece-
ssary to obtain stable combustion of the mixture; 3) the
influence of mineral matter and an increase in ash content
on slagging in the fire box; 4) determination of optinim de-
gree of fineness; 5) determination of the degree of wear of
ejuipment and in particular of heatirg surfaces by ash, and
6 technico-economical indices of the use of waste as fuel.
Experimental results are given in Table 2. It was found that
Card the efficiency coefficient of the boiler somewhat decreaqed.
1/? Minimum amount of coke oven gas required was 450-600 n mJ/hr

6 R-7-1 4/16
TKe Combustion of Wastes from Coal Beneficiation on Electricity
Generating Stations (TETs).
(about 7-8% of the total heat input). During July 1955 -
August 1956t the waste product was used as ftel, but only in
April and May 1956 the proportion of waste rocks and washery
waste was on the level required. The relevant data for this
period are given in Tables 4-6 and a graph. Neither slagging
nor excessive wear of heating surfaces and auxiliary equip-
ment was observed. It is condaded that all the waste from
the beneficiation of coals can be used as boiler fuel pro-
viding it is supplemented with coke oven gas flame. Further
study of utilising the above waste but without supplementary
gas flame is recommended. There are 6 tables and 1 graph.
ASSOCIATION: Bagley Coke Oven Works and Dnepropetrovsk Institute
of Chemical Technology. (Bagleysktj Koksokhimicheskiy Zavod
j Dnepropetrovskij Khimiko-Tekhnologicheskiy Institut)
AVAILLBLE: Library of congress
Card 212

GERMAIJ, MOIBOY Yak-ovlovich [Horman, M,IA;J; KOZAK, Tu., rod.;
,-- -MATUSPICH, S. , tekhil'.-reid.
[Use of natural gas in power engineering] Enerp3tychne vyko-
rystannia pryrodnoho gazu. Kyiv, Derzh.vyd-vo takhn.lit-ry URM,
19jq. 146 P. (MIRA 13:9)
(Gas, Natural) (Electric power production)

GERMAN, M.Ya.-(Herman, M.IA.], kand. tekhn. nauk
Complete utilization of rock waste in coal preparation plants.
Kompl. vyk. pal.-energ. res. Ukr, no.1:267-278 159-
(MrRA 16:7)
1. Dnepropetrovskiy khimiko-tekhnologicheskiy inatitut.
(Coal preparation)

,GFRIIAIT.,_M.Ya.I-KARASjK, I.I.
Reduction of the hydrogen sulfile content of pro'lucer gas b7 the
addition of alkali to coal. Truiy MUI no.10:127-129 160.
(MIRA 14: 1)
(Hydrogen nulfide) (Gas producers)

GERMAI, NA
Flotation properties of slurry from coal preparation plants of
Uglegorsk District, Sakhalin. Soob.Sakhal.kompl,nauch.-issloinst.
Ali SSSR no.8:23-35 159. (MIRA 14-4)
(Uglegorsk District (Sakhalin)-Coal prepazation)
(Flotation)

GIMN, N.Ye., inzhener; MTA, G.A., inhener, laureat Stalinskoy premii,
redaktor; POPOVA, S.M., tekhnicheskiy redaktor.
(Catalog of spare parts for the ZIS-150 truck, the ZIS-156 compressed
gas truck, and XIS-585 and KAZ-385.d dump truckol Kataiog zapaonykh
chastei gruzovogo avtomobilia ZIS-150, gazoballourogo avtomobilia
ZIS-156 i avtomobilai-samoovalov ZIS-585 i KAZ-585B. Moskva, Goo.
nauchno-tekhn. isd-vo mashinostroit. i sudostroit, lit-ry. 1954.
267 p. (KLRA 7:11)
1. Russia (1923- U.S.S.R.) Hinisteretvo mauhinostroyaniya,
(Motor trucks--Apparatus and supplies)

GERMJiNq N.Ye., Inzhenar; ZARUBIN, A.G., inzhener, re"Ictor; HARTIMS, S.L.,
"GMAner, radaktor izdatellotva; UVAROVA, A-I'., takhnichaskiy
redaktor; SOKOLOVA, T.F., talchnicheskiy re"ktor
CCstalog of spare parts for the ZIL-151 automobile] Katalog
zapaanykh chastai avtomobilis ZIL-151. Moskva, Goe.nauchno-takhn.
izd-vo mashinostrolt. lit-ry, 1957. 289 p. (MLRA 10:8)
1. Russia (1923- U.S.S.R.) Glavnoye upravlaniye po sbytu
avtomobilay, traktorov, kombaynov, motorov i chantay k nim
(Motortrucks)

RAMMYEV, Aleksay Ivanovich; SHUTYY, Leonid Rubinovich; FISTA, G.A.,
inzhener. retseasent; inzhener, redak-tor; ZARUBIJI,
A.G., redaktorl HOIML"-,--T`f.-,' takhnfchaskiy redaktor
LZII,150 automobilej Avtonobill ZIL-150- Perer, i dop,izd. Koskys,
0os.aauchno-tekhn.lzd-vo mashinostrott.lit-ry, 1956. 299 p.
(Motortracks) (MLRA 10:7)

GERMAN, Inzhener; ZAHUBIN, A.G., inzhener, rednktor; WTINS, S.L.,
NWANWOMINI azhenar, redalctor lzdatel'stva; UVAROVA, A.?., tekhtvieskiy
redaktor
CCatelog of spare parts for ZIL-150 trucks, Z11.156 compressed gas
trucks and ZIL-585B, ZIL-5851, ZIL-585 dump trucks] Katalog tepaBaykh
chastei gruzovogo avtomobilia ZIL-150, gazoballonnogo avtomobilis
ZIL-156 I avtomobilei-eamoovaloy SIL-585B, ZIL-5851, ZIL-585- HoskTa,
Gos.nauchno-tekhn.izd-vo mashinostrolt.lit-ry, 1957. 259 P.
(HLRA 10:8)
1. Russia (1923- U.S.S.R.) Glaynoye upravleniye po sbytu
avtomobilei, traktorov. kombayaov, motoroy I chastei k nim.
(Motortrucks)

GM14AII, N.Ye., inzh.; ZARUBIN, A.G., red., UVAROVA, AJ., tekha.red.
[Catalog of spare parts for the ZIL-127 intorurban motorbus] Y'atalog
sapasnykh cbastai mozhdugorodnogo aytobusa ZIL-127. Moskva, Go*.
i1quchno-tekhn.1zd-vo mashinostroit. lit-ry, 1958. 355 P- (KIRA 11:5)
1. Russia (1923- U.S.S.R.) Glavnoyo upravlaniye po abytu avto-
mobiley, trairctorov, kambaynov, mc+e,--ov i chastay k nim. 2. Zamesti-
tell glavnogo konstruktors aytozavoda imeni I.A.LlVtscheya (for
Zarubin)
(Hotorbuses)

GXDW, W.Ye., inzh.; ZAWBIN, A.G., i=h., red.; UTAROVA, A.r., tekhn. red.
[Catalog of spare parte for the ZIIP-155 and ZIL-158 city motorbu"n
and the ZIL-158A tourist motorbus] Katalog znpaotfth chaetei gorod-
skikh avtobusov ZIL-155, ZIL--158 i turistskogo avtobusa ZIL-158A.
Moskva, Gos. nauchno-tekhn. izd-vo mashinostroit. lit-rT, 1958.
407 p. NEU 11t8)
1. Moskovskly artomobilinyy zavod.
(Motorbusee)

GMAN, R.Ye., inzh.; ZARUBIN, A.G., inzh., red.; STMIIN, A.K., red.lzd-va;
UVAROVA, A.F., tekhn.red.
(Catalog of parts for the ZIL-164 and ZIL-164R motortrucks. the
ZIL-)W-5851 and ZIL-MUZ-585K dump trucks, and the ZIL-MMZ-164N
saddle-shaped tractors] latalog detalei gruzovykh avtomobllei
ziL-164 i ziL-164R avtomobilai-samoavalov ZIL-MMZ-5851 i ZIL-IOEZ-
585K i eadellnogo tiagacha ZIL-MC-164H. Moskva, Gos.nauchno-tekhn.
izd-vo mashinostroit.lit-ry, 1959. 308 P. (miRA 13:6)
1. Moskovskiy avtomobillnvy zavod imani I.A.Likhachava.
(Motortracks--Catalogs) (Tractors--Catalogs)

GXW.N, N.Te.. in2h.; SATRABOT, A.T., insh.; ZARUBIF, A.G., inrh., red.;
VVIN, A.I., red.ixd-va-, UVAROVA, A.F., takhn.rad.
(Catalog of spare parts for the ZIL,--157 three-aile motortruck and
the ZIL-157T saddle-typs traotorl Latalog sapaWkh chnetal
trekhosnogo avtomobilia ZIL-157 i sedellnogo tiagaaha ZIL-157T.
Moskva, Go.e.nauchno-takhn.isd-vo mashinostroit.lit-ry, 1959. 333 P.
(HBA 130)
1. Moskovskiy avtomobillnyy savod.
(Notortruoks--Cataloge) (Traotore-Catalogs)

GERI,~U', 1.7.Ye., irzli.; Sill-iWill"A, N.A.; ZAi-LUbill, A.!;., Jyjzh.,
[Gatalog of pn.-ts for ZII-164A biay-ial trucks, ZIL-11-'4.~~'
tractor trucks, ZIL-~NZ-585L and ZIL-*IZ-585M dump trucko,
ZIL-157K triaxial trucks, ZIL-WZ-164AN and ZIL-157KV
tr~ictor trucks with saddle-type hitching arra-tigemews) Ka,
talog detalei dvukhosnogo avtomobilia ZIL-1641, avtomobilla-
tiagaciia ZIL-D.~AF, avtomobilei-samosvalov ZIL-4-1-12-585L i
ZIL-1v,XZ-.585v, trekhast,ogo avtomobilia ZU,1571, i
tiagaoliol ZTJ,-~IIZ-16JA I Zll-ll,,7KV. Mouku., Mast*iz,
451 1). (Iii:"A 1-1":0
i. Pn,-~r3vskiy alrtrzobillnyj z,,lv,-jd.

AU"FOR: 11'erman,
TITLE: The Kinetic Theory of a (,aseous Flow Through Cylinr1rical Tubes
(Kineticheskaya teoriya techeniya Gaza-_ cnerez tsilindricht.,fikiye-
trubki)
RIOD [CAL: Ehurnal e~s7erimentallnoy i teoreticheskoy fiziki,
Vol. `14, 7r 6), pp. 1470-147,' (USSI")
A'35TRACT: This paper tries to give a unified Phenomenological method
for the investigation of a gaseous flow -.-!hich j-,ives good re-
sults for low an~ Aso for usual pressures. This paper re-
lies on the method of '.7. ~. ollard zin' R. D. Present (Prezent)
to which it cdds come plausible physical assumptions. "he
author investigates-a very Ion- cylinlric tube and the de-
crease on the ends of this tube is much better than the average
pressure in the tube. 7-7ith respect to the molecules appearing
after the collisions, the flowing gas behaves like a semi-
transparent mirror which forces the most of these molecules
to leave the volume element in the direction of the flow.
The number of the molecules flowing through an element of
the cross section can be described by the formula of Pollard-
Card 1/2 present (Prezent) with an anisotropic correction. The law

4/5 1
The Kinetic "heory of a "aseots Flow 7hrough Cyl'nfl1rical Tubes
deduced in this paper automatically Implies the exi.,tence of
a sliding (lesc than the Maxwell sliding). This law frives a
minimal velocity of the flow which corresponds well to the
ex,.)erimental data. -here are L. 'l;--ires and referenceu,
a of which is Soviet.
ASSOCIATION: Bukharest, Rumyniya (Bucharest, Roumania)
SUBMITTED: "ay 17, 1957 (initially). and January 30, 1958 (after revision)
Card 2/2

S/057/62/032/009/013/014
B117/B186
AUTHM German, 0.
TITLE: Equations for molecular flow density
PERIODICAL: Zhurnal teklinicheskoy fiziki, v. 52, no. 9, 1962, 1134 - 1138
TEXT: The distribution of molecular flow densities In tubes of different
shapea wa.j analyze-1 on the folloviinC, aafiumptions; (1) The molecules strike
only the tube walls (intermolecular collisions being ignored); (2) the
molecules leave the tube walls according to Lambert's law. An integral
equation correspondinF to Clausing's equation (P. Clausing. Ztechr. f.
Phys., 66, 471, 1,)30) was derived for a cylindrical tube. The integral
equation shows that the molecular flow in'the tube is determined only by
the difference between the pressures at the ends of the tube, and is
independent of the mean pressure. This indicates that molecular flow
occurs between a volume with a ga,9- density n1 n2and a volume free of
gas, sc confirming Clausing's hypothesis. The integral equation
n(x)=-L' ht n W dx
2 62-4: -hi I -i'i ("r- X), -,- h2j".1
Card 112 0

0':'//057/62/032/009/013/014
Equations for molecular flow density B117/B186
was derived for two parallel plates of' infinite wi,lth and l'inite length,
and the integral equation
n(x)==-!'- sinp sinp-i- '.r cos
G2 -~: (h -t
2 G2 (;T,7 1)2 9
I (cas 0 1h - (X - x) tR ? in - (X - X)2 sin, (X) dX
20 ( (X - x) 2 - t- [h - (X - r) t g 0 12 (4)
for two non-parallel plates. If the angle of in.clini,tion Ll 0, the
integral equation for a conical tube goes over into the equation for a
cylindrical tube. The analysis ihovis that the distribution of molecules
within ~he tube depends only on the ratio of its length to its radius.
In parallel tubes of equal length anJ of different diameters, connecting
two volumes, the distribution of the molecular flov density obeys various
laws. Isobars in porous stoppers are planes not parallel to the edges.
Designal;ions: n(x) = f7as density in transverse direction KI n . gas
density at the tube i'llet; 112 - gas denaity at the end of the 1tube;
n(X) - variable density along the tube; and h - diotanve between the
plates. There are 6 fipures.
'UBMITTED November 17, 1)60
d
ard 2/2

-64: 1/2
J.
ACCESSION NR: AP5(U26-~o
refraction, on the material. con5tants, ~In(: On W10 Th E
angle of r2fraction is the angle cX the, eiverglnF IvEwi.m. Maxiinurn polar-1
ization Is when this angle Is Tr/2. It is thuo s1)ovjj*1 Chat the rej''ruc-
tive index of bodies can be determined. from the r[1E1W1Ut'eJ11C!11.t of IJ113