SCIENTIFIC ABSTRACT A.A. CHERNYAVSKIY - F.I. CHERNYAVSKIY

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: Scientific Abstracts
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP86-00513R000308620006-6
• Release Decision: RIF
• Original Classification: S
• Document Page Count: 100
• Document Creation Date: November 2, 2016
• Document Release Date: June 12, 2000
• Sequence Number: 6
• Publication Date: December 31, 1967
• Content Type: SCIENTIFIC ABSTRACT

CHERNYAVSKIY, A.A., starshiy geolog
Eliminate the causes of deformations in buildings.
Transp. stroi. 11 no.7:60 11 161. (MIRA IL4:7)
1. Filial Dorproyekta Severo-Kavkazskoy dorogi.
(Foundations)

CHER11YAVSKlY, A.A., kand.tekhnanauk~ LAWIN, A.B.
the output of a p.l..j.grj'.fn jpoil by rwiucl,ng, !.-,
t~jiiot (,F Pcv~,,Jlne
I,'." mandrel into the tube. Mgti gorneirud, promo N-D
t0"'a
(milu,

GHMNYAVSKIYj A.A. . kand. ntad# nauk; FfV , 1 , t-..
Six peptic ulcers of the smOi fcIIow--;f,g a
resection of the stolaach in pej,tl(.~ 111~~er.
Kidrurgija 39 no.6,.
133-134 Je 163. OMIR4 17--5)
1. Iz fakalltetskoy
n! v ,:,e,,)
deyatall naukI Prof. Yo.T,. 1Y.:
maditainskogo instituta.

KUKOSH, v.-T.; -QB�jUffAYZLjX,_AjU; MIKHAYLOVA, T.N.
Results of repeated surgery in gastric cancer. Vop onk.
10
no.8:94-99 164. (MIRA 18:3)
1. Iz kafedry fakulitetskoy khirurgii (zav. - prof.
V.I.Kukcsh)
Gorlkovskog6 Ifteditsinskogo instituta imeni Kirova
(rektor - dotsent
I.F.M.atyushin). Adres avtorov: Gorlkiy, 6, u1.
Kovalikhinskaya, d-4,
kv.6.

S/137AI/OW/006/046/092
A006/AlOl
AUTHORS- Chekmarev, A.P., R-adoy, V.S., Chernyavskiy, A.A.
------------------
TITLE- Forward flow of metal during rolling on a pilger mill
PERIODICAL: Referativnyy zhurnal. Metallurgiya, no. 6, 1961,
36, abstract 6D290
("Tr. Ukr. n.-i. tribn. in-ta!', 1959, no. 1, 96 - 105)
TEXT: Forward flow during the rolling of 273 mm dilamieter
pipes on a 6 -12"
pilger mill was determined from imprints left on the pip-- and
the pilger mill
head by apertures drilled In the rolls. The apertires of 10 mm
diamqter and 5 -
7'mm depth were drilled on every 150 (starting from the groove
rims) over the
width, and or, every 100 (from the begi=ing of tthe top) over
the length of the
roll groove. it was established that the forward f'Lcw along
the top of rolla
during rolling on a pilger mill was considerably higher than
in long4 tudinal rol-
ling of pipes or compact 8ec-vions in rourld'gr;D-:~ves. The
dependences of the coef-
ficient of forward flow on the turning-aigle of the roll.--
show that the forward
flow attains its highest value within 100 - ';-)0c from the
beginning of the top,
and then deoreases. At the beginning of the t.op near the rims
lagging was ob-
served. The width of this zone near the ro-li rims extends up
,-:. 450 nver the
Card 1/2

8/137/6,31/000/006/046/092
Forward fl-ow of metal during rolling.o~, a pilger mill
Aoo6/Aloi
groove width in the eectlon of the metal outl6t frcyr, the
rolls. The coefficient
of forward flow first increases on the length of the polishing
section (along the
initial 100 - ~Oo) and then decreases. To de-,erm:Uie the
coefficient of forward
flow with sufficient- practical accuracy, the Gorresponding
Yemel'yanov formula
may be emplo7ed.
Yu. Manegin
[Abstracter's noteg Complete t'ranslation]
Card 2/2

24572 S/137/61/000/005/025/060
A006/A106
AUTHORS: Shevchenko, A.A., Rudoy, V.S., Chernyavskly, A.A.
TITLE: Production of pipes of variable section on a p1lger mill
PERIODICAL- Referativnyy zhurpal. Metallurgiya, no.5, 1961.
29, abstract 5D267
("13-Vul. nauohno-t-ekhn, lnf~jrm. Ukr. n.-1, trubn. In-t",
1959, no.
6 - '1, 21 - 22-8)
TEXT-: Pipes of variable section were rolled from sleeves
prc~:Iuced on a
piercing mill and from a pipe blank prerclled on, a pilger
mill on special shaped
mandrelE. It is con;aluded +-ha-"-. pilger mills can be used
to prod-ice large diameter
pipes with walls thickened a'. the ends and shaped pver be
length; the ratio of
the wall thickness in the thickened por"'lon to the basin
z-action -is up to 2 - 3;
the length of the thickenpd portion Is limited ty the wefght
of the ingot. The
mechanical properties of the pipe remain apprc-ximats'ly
constant over. -the who3e,
length of the pipe. ;17his Is ecruneot.ed wlth the qbsenc-e of
curvat*ure. and bending
of the metal threads. Metal fclds, formed d-url-rig rc.1.1ing
Pon the transition s
Card 1/2

I
24572 s/137/61/000/1005/025/060
Production of pipes of varlable section on a pilger mill
AO.04-/AI06
of the thick.!:--ed wa211 to ibe basla pipe se:'.Icn do
n.,-,!. re-AT-,ce Mhe mechan'--al. prop-
erties of the p44pe and. may ne easily el!mi-nated ty
internal boring.
Yu, M.
[Abstracter's noter CDmplete trans'll.sa'.icn-I
i
Card 2/2

PLYATSKOVSKIT, O.A., kand.tekhn.nauk; CHMMAVSKIY,
A.A., inzh.
Grooving Pilgrim Hill rolls in a way ensuring a
maxim= Lt-
put of the machinery. Izvovystucheb,sav.;
chern.met. 2
no.10:49-56 0' 059. (MIRA 13: 30
1. Ukraiuskiy nauchno-Issledovatel'skiy trubM7
inztitu~
i savod imani K.Libknekhta. Rekomendovano
laboratoriye7
takhnologil goryachey obrabotki trub Ukrainakogo
nauchno-
iosledovateliskogo trubnogo instituta.
(Rolls (Iron mills))

1-1%
ChFMftaV3KIY, A.A. Cand Tech Sci - (diss) "Kinematics
and Dynamics
of the Pilger Hill Process For Rolling Thin-WAlled
Tubes," Dneprnpetrovsk,
1960s 24 pp, 150 CoPkes (Dnepropetrovsk MetallurgIcal
Institute im 1. V.
Stalin) (KL, 47/60, 104)

Jv~ 1-1/00
400
69876
S/032,/60/026/04/16/046
BOIO/ .006
AUTHORS: Lyuchkov, A.D., Laming A.B., Polyakovap B.Z.9
Ghernyavskiy, A.A.-
TITLE: Detection of Defects in Welding Seams of SmallTdiameter
TubeaL,'-Q;
PERIODICAL: Zavodskaya laboratoriya, 196o, Vol. 26, No- 4, PP.
454-457
TEXT: The sensitivity of ultrasonic control methods for welding
seams of
small-diameter tubes (51 mm X 2.5 mm) was investigated~ A
RKPZ7Ngultrasonic
crack detector (Fig. 1, photograph) was used. The pulse-echo
method and an
acoustic frequency of 2-5 Mops were applied in the tests. The
sound waves
were sent in such a way (Fi& 2,diagram) into the tube, as to
make them
strike the welding seam at an angle of 900. The maximum heights
of the echo
pulses thus come to lie in the middle of the scope. Tube
specimens having
visible defects in the welding seams as well as specimens which
had already
been subjected to hydraulic tests were investigated. To
evaluate the defects
by means of the oscillograms obtained, the tubes were out in
pieces after
ultrasonic control, and then investigated microscopically,. It
was found that
,L~Itrazonir; control is insensitive to defects on the specimen
surface, but
Card 1/2

0876
Detection of Defects in Welding Seams of B/032/60/026/04/16/046
Small-diameter Tubes BOIO/Boo6
that it is very sensitive to deep-going surface defects~ The
quality of the
welding seam can be estimated from the size of the echo reflected
from the seam
and from the size of the final echo. The type and the size of the
defect
however, can only be estimated in a first approximation by
evaluating both
echos, Therefore~ a special apparatus must be designed in order
to render
possible the selection of electric pulses (at the amplifier) with
respect to
time. There are 4 figures and 1 Soviet reference.
ASSOCIATION. Inepropetrovskiy truboprokatnyy zavod
(Dnepropetrovsk Tabe-rol
mill)
Card 2/2

S/137/62/GOO/0014/071/~01
A052/A101
AUTHORS: Chekmarev. A. P., Rudoy, V. S., Chernyavskiy, A. A.
TITLE: Deformation seat parameters at hot pilger pipe rolling
PERIODICAL: Referativnyy zhurnal, Metallurgiya. no. 4, 1962, 37,
abstract 1ID212
(V sb. "Proiz-vo trub". Khar'kov, Metallurgizdat, no. 5, 1961,
43-5a
TEXT: The available investigations of the deformation seat
geometry are
not sufficient for calculating optimum technological and energy
conditions of the
pilger mill operation. To determine the basic deformation seat
parameters
(angle of grip, entering height and length of deformation seat),
an analytical
and a graphoanalytical method ai-e suggested. For both methods
some assumptions
are made. To check the suggested methods tests were carried out
on a laboratory
pilger mill; the results of the tests are given. The results of
the investiga-
tions have shown that the angles of grip determined by both
methods differ from
the true values by 8 - 131,6, and the contact areas by 5 - &%.
rAbstracter's note: Complete translation]
A. Leontlyev
Card 1/1

CHERNTAVSKIYj A,A.; UMERENKOV, V.N.
Size determination in the cutting of ingots. Kuz.-shtam.
proizv.
4 p0.5:23-27 Yq 162. . (Steel ingots) (NIRA 16:5)

CHERNYAVSKIY, A.A., kand.takhn.nauk; UICREMKOV, V.N.,
inzh.
Determining the polishing ratio in the hot pilger mill
rolling of
tubes. Stall 23 no.12:1105-1107 D 163. (MIRA 17:2)
1. Truboprokatnyy zavod im. Karla Libknekhta.

SHEMIN, Yu. F.; CHERNYAVSKIY, A. A.; IAMIN, A. B.
Engineering method of cOnOnting changes in wall
thickness during
tube drawing withotit mandrels- Izv.vys,ucheb.zav.;
chern-met,
7 no. 5:104-109 164. (MMA 1715)
1. Moskovskiy institut stali i splavov.

VATKIN, Ya.L., dcktor takhn.- 4auk,, 6=Av.-,Krf,
A,A.,, kand. tekhn.
nauk; KAZAKOV, V.E.,z inzh.; U."IN, M,P.,, inzb.;
PERCHANIK., V,V,.,., inzh.; YMAIIIII, M.I., inzh,;
BIBA, V.I,, lnzh~
Reduaing internal laps in tube rolling on Pilgrim
mills.-
Stal2 24 no.!,.63.-67 ja '-61,, (1,M1 17: 2!'
I. Dnepropet-rovskiy metallurgIcheskly Lnstitut i
zavod
im. LiUmekhta,

AWIHOR: Chernyavskiy, A. A.
11TIZ: Hermet4c car. C`ass 6', No.
Byulleten' izobreteniy i tovarnykh znakov, no. 8, 1965, 96-97
-A~110, P-i r- r~z It equi pm,-n'., he rrr.,
.0 22
Cord
km gg! ig,--g
;l , 5~1
A p
Noli. 3,
ml -1; 1 WE

I Accyz"51uri NR: A-F-01 -551

1Y

11KO-31!, V.I., F.-O-C.;
ruid. nvvik
Carcer of the gastric sturip following resecLioll Of
the sto7i-.,aclh
Por i)ent-c ulcer and its~surf-Jcal treatment. "0
no.E:
3-8 Ag 164. OJILA IF: 3)
1. Kafedra fal-iii'tetskoy kl,-Jrurj~ii- (7av. -
pral". Y.1. Fiiikosh)
- -L .
Iuor')cov;,-,kogrn TvpJl-.tsinslc,-o bastltiita
4-Incri I'lrova.
I

KnAKEVICH,, F.P., kand. teklm. nauk; STEPPITMKOp
V.F., inzh.,,
LEBEDEV, P.M., inzh.; CHERNYAVSKIY. A.F... inzh.
Heat transfer in a combustion chamber during the
burning
of natural gas. Izv. vys. ucheb. zav.; energ. 7
no.2:51-56
F 164. (MIRA 17:3)
1. Dnepropetrovskly khimiko-tekhnologicheskiy
institut.
Predstavlena kafedroy teplotekhniki.

MAUTICHI F. P', kand. tekhn. nauk; STEPANENKO,
V. F., inzh.;
LEBEDEV, P. M., inzh.; CHEMffA"KIY, A. F., inzh.
Heat transfer in a ribbed feed-water economizer
in a boiler
system operating on natural gas. Teploenergetika
10 no.3:
54-56 Mr 163. (MIRA 16:4)
1. Dnepropetrovskiy inzhonerno-stroitellnyy
institut.
(Boilers)

_Vil
034~
SOURCE CODE: DR/0120166/000/005/0134/0135
AUTHOR: Yefimchik, M. K.; Izokh', V. V.3 Lakizo,_V. I.;
Podol'nyy, E. I
A. F.
ORG: Belorussian State University, Minsk (Belorusskiy
gosudarstvennyy universitet)
TITLE*. High-speed scalin& circuit W, h tunnel diodes
SOURCE: Pribory I tekhnika eksperimenta, no. 5, 1966, 134-135
TOPIC TAGS: computer component, scaling circuit, tunnel diode,
ABSTRACT: A binary scaling circuit using three tunnel diodes
(see Fig. 1) Is
investigated. It is largely free from the deficiencies
characteristic of the widely
TD, R, Fig. 1. Circuit diagram of a sealer with
D6,
three tunnel diodes
C, R, TD2 R,
R
Card 1/3 uc: 621.374.32:

ACC NR: AP6034231
used bridge-type scaling circuit with two tunnel diodes, which
is sensitive to pulses
of both polarities and has a tendency to shift the working
point of the tunnel diode
characteristic. The TD, and TD2 dAodes shown in Fig. 1,
together with their resis -
tances R, and R2 and the inductance L1, form a flip-flop
circuit. The third tunnel
diode TD3, with its resistance R3 and inductance L2, forms a
monostable multivibrator.
Fig. 2. represents the volt-ampere characteristics of
the,whole system. Curve I
t
Fig. 2. Selection of operating condi-
tions of the scaler shown in Fig.A
Fig. 3. Circuit diagram of a binary
scaler with a neon lamp indicator
Card

4
C
AT WRFAP603 231
~
0
A
indicates the static volt-ampere characteristics of the flip-flop;
curve U, the
static load characteristic; and curve III, the dynamic load
characteristic. Rt'
regulates circuit sensitivity. It can be seen from Fig. 2 that the
circuit is sensi-
tive to pulses of positive polarity only as its d-c load
characteristic is sufficient15
steep, which results in a considerable extension of the dynamic
range of this circuit.
There is no need for the rigidpower source stabilization necessary
in the two-diode
system. Fig. 3 represents a practical circuit diagram of a scaler
equipped with three
Z1ZOlV tunnel diodes. This scaler operates stably even with no
parameter identity
of TD1 and TD 2. with the input signal frequency up to 100 Mc, and
with supply voltage
fluctuations of �25%. Orig. art. has: 6 figures.
SUB CODE: 09/ SUBM,DATE: llSep65/ ORIG REF: 001/ OTH REF: 001/ ATD
PRESS: 5103
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ACCESSION NR: AP501!873
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ACCESSJON INR: AP5011873
ASSOCLATION: Belorui3skiv gosudarst--
Un:
SUBINUTTED: 28Jan64 ENCL: 00 SUB CODE- rE fo
NO REY SOV. 003 OTHER: 003 ATI) PFTSS' L-003

L _1421-t~
XCCESSYM NR: AP5021374 UR/0120/65/000/004/0234/0235
621.373.51
AUTHOR,. yefi~ ik,, M. K.; Izokh, V. Vo,
Chernyavskiv, A. F.
TITLE: Dynamic element using tunnel diodes V
SOURCE: Pribory i tekhnika eksperimenta,Ino. 4, 1965, 234-235
TOPIC TAGS: pulse goperator. tunnel diode, computer storage device,
ABSTRACT., The principies of operation and characteristics of a
dynamic storage
element using tunnel diodes are presented. The element is designed
on the principle
of a,circulating generator in which a section of a high
-quality cable is used to
store recoverable information. The principal circuit and a
modification are shown!
in Fig. 1 of Enclosure. The modified circuit includes an inverted
diode and an
additional resistor to assure free passage of the signal from the
end0of the cable
tothe input. Both circuits are identical with respect to operating
tharacteriatics:.I..
a 300 ke-20-Mc pulse repetition rate and a 30 x 10 9 see pulse width
with n-garmanium
tunnel diodes; a 300 ke-100-He pulse repetition rate and 4 x W?
see-pulse width
with gallium arsenide tunnel diodes'. Stable operation of the
circuits is maintained
at supply voltage variations within45%.. The eircuite.are reported
to be relatively:.
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--TITLE: at,, og tilae
urese cop. 'rTL-,
nts in _nucloa-r app~j~troq
L'tAB1111111 ClOn�erouge on Nucliany Spectrosr,-.
-7
2 Feb 19651
S OL'W;'B, AN SSSR. Izvestiya. Seriya flz,,.
Ll me intervi,l countar, time n~. a- tu~
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semiconductor de-ice
All:' 3 1- R 1:7. Tne cj~,!,crllbo three
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9110140 Than the Column are affansftl hel Ily within the
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US SR/Chemical Technology. Chemical Products and Their
Application __ Fermentation
industry, 1-27
Abst Journal, Referat Zhur - Kbimiya, No 2, 1957, &70
Abstract: inside of which are set, in horizontal position,
several rows of
screens disposed in a rocf-like manner, checkerboard fashion in
the vertical direction. There is given a diagram of the unit as
well as its principal dimensions and a description of its opera-
tion. It is assumed that. the proposed unit will make it
possible
to reduce the duration of malt production, decrease expenditure
of
water for steeping, eliminate the need of compressed air and de-
crease the over-all dimensions of the steeping department
building.
Card 2/2

CHERffAVSKIY, A%I*, doteent, kand,tekhn.nauk
Zffect of moisture on the mechanical characteristics of
black alder
wood. Sbor. trud. HISI no.13.-59-93 158. (MIRA 11:8)
(Wood--Hoisturs) (Alder)

L 00972-66
SSION fiRt AP50202 UR/9332/65/000/008/0002/00C~
ACCF 04
665-3/35:663-05.3-493:631*563.~ -7,
AVMORS2 2inj V, D.; Chernyavskiy# A. I. (Candidate of technical
seiencesyZJ6
TITLEt. Investigation of aerodynamics anddi~ o rape seeds in the
boiling laye
SOUROTt Xaslozbirovaya promvahlennost', no, 8, 19659 2-6
-ve
.,~.TOPIO.1AGSs rape seed# drying, table oil
90
ABSMCTt The optimum conditions for the drying of rape seeds were
determinedo and
theexperimental drying installation is shown sohematically. The rate
of drying wa
found to be given by
dw
-609.10-7H-0,370(7,8-10-3v 1,28 X,,'10-1) (1,48-10 31V + ~,B- 10-3)
P-21 O'Pseo.. where
where W -'is the humidity in H .- the initial depth of the seed
layeri-in mm, V
thexelooity of hot air in m/age, t - the temperature# and 'r - the
time. It was
also found that increasing the temperature of the seeds beyond 357C
led to a con-
siderable lowering of their quality. Orig. art. has: 1 table, 6
graphs,-.and 9
equations.~
ASSOCIATION s Wyovskif.,, P-6i,i-tekhnicheskiy institut (Ltvov
Polytechnical lnatituto).:,.~,
CODEtGGj
SUBMITTED: ENCLz 00 Sn
OTHERi 001
110 REP SOV i ODS
CWD

CMUUffAVSrIT,. A.L., kandidat tekhmicheskikh nauk, detsant.
, ~, -1-4
*1-1--~,--, -~ V-Mk4~~ -~44-
Book for rural read builders (mBuilding rural roads."
A.I.Slavutakii.
Reviewed by A.I.Chernlavskii). Avt.dor.19 no-3:31 Mr 156.
(HLRA 9:7)
1,Poitaviskiy Institut Inshenerov sallakekhozyhystvennogo
stroiteltstyk,
(Read construction) (Slavutakii, A.K.)

YAMIE~,C'H', Ye.I., kand.wed.nauk; FIXROVSKIY, Ye.A.;
CHEMAVSKIY,A.L.;
MYNIN, R.M., red,
[Medical gymnastics for tresting hypertension]
Lechabnaya
gimnactika pri gipartonicheakoy bole2ni. Moskva, 1957.
63 p.
(MIRA 11:1)
1. Moscow. Institut sanitarnogo prosveshcheniya.
(MRCISE THIRAPY) (HYPERTENSION)

CHERNYAVSKIY, A.11.
Itei. 6,hanized unloading of annular kilns. Biul.
TSIIIICHH no. 8:44-
45 158. (MIRA 11:7)
1. Domodedovskly opneupornyy zavod.
(Brickmaking)

OMNYAVSKIY, A.P.
Organization of hiih-speed minimp in
nCherkasskaya-Severnaya" mine
no.2 of the Leninugoll Trust. Ugoll Ukr. 4 no.3:32-3.1
Mr 16o.
(MMA 13!6)
1. Glavnyy inzhener shakhty "Cherimsekaya-Severnaya"
No.2 tresta
Leninugoll.
(Donets Basin--Coal mines and mining)

CHERNYAVSKIY P-,---
Ppbedydrivage of development workings in the
"Cherkaoskaya-3--vernaAn
No. 2 mine. Ugoll 36 no.1:29-31 Ja '61. (MIRA 1491)
1. Glavnyy inzhener shakhty "Cherkasskaya-Severnayan No.2 tresta
Leninugollp Luganskiy sovnarkhoz.
(Donets Basin-Coal mines and mining)

CHERNYAVSKIY, A.P.; SUBBOTIN, A.S.
"Cherkasskaya-Severnayall No.2 Mine makes 751 meters
of baulageway
per month. Ugoll 36 no.9:6-8 S 161. (MIRA 14:9)
1. Nachallnik shakbty "Cherkasskaya-Severnayall no.2
tresta
Leninugoll (for Chernyavskiy). 2. Nachallnik ugollnogo
otdela
TSentrallnogo byuro tekhnicheskoy informatsii (for
Subbotin).
(Donets Basin--Coal mines and mining)

CHERNYAVSKIY, A.P.
High rates of mining. Ugol' 38 no.11:10-11 N 163.
(MIRA 17:9)
1. Upravlyayushchiy trestom Pervomayskugoll.

. CH=4YAVSKIYj A.F., inzh.
~,- ~-. I.
Making 50Z meters of latoral drift in one month. Shakht.
a trol. 8
no.8z20-22 Ag 164- (Ma 1719)
1. Upravlyayuohchiy trestom llorvomayskugoll.

G"'i
STABY, A. L;CMIMAVSKIY, A. R.
On vhite bile. Xhirurgiia, Moskra, no. 10:72-77 Oct-
1950o
(CIXL 20: 1)
1. Of the Hospital Surgical Glinic (Director - Yu. Tu.
Dshanalidze). First Leningrad Medical Institute imeni
Aeadem-
icien I. P. Pavlov. 2, Z. V. Ogloblina has the title of
Professor.

nu~-' C2 r_~ i'. ek. ti-
In jr- j._' t .jr'T n

BELYLKOV, Yu.L, kand.tekhnonauk; KONONERKO, A.A*-,
inzb.; CHEPMAVSKIY, A.T..,
inzh.
Selection of parameters and plans of operation of a
stacker with
a productivity of 500 W/hr. Nauch.zap.MamUproekta
no.5:112--118
161. (NMA 15, It)
(Conveying machinery)

AKSENOVp V.P.; ROZENPLENTER, A.B... kand. takhn.
nauk; CHERNYAVSKIY.. A.T.
Efficient correlation between the height of the top
and bottom
scooping of rotary excavators. Met. i gornorud.
prom. no.2:67-69
Mr-Ap 165. (MIRA 18:5)

VARGA, I.I. (Budapezht,j.o~3,',-,rjj); Gi-lrI'JaLVSKIY I
B.A.
SHALI'LN, K.K. .
Method for studyipg the scale factor in cavitation
erosion. PKIF
no.3.122-129 Yly-Je 163. (~"Iipui 16: 9)
(Cavitation)

SHALINEV, K.K.; GHEMAVSKIY, B.A.
Cavitation of the human heart. Dokl. AN SSSR 153
no.3:706-
709 N 163. (MIRA 17:1)
1. Institut mekhaniki AN SSSR. Predstavleno akademikom
F.Ya. Kochinoy.

I
CHERNYAVSKIY, D.L., kand. tekhn. nauk, dots. (Kharikov)
I,--------- -7--loll"
Designing asymmetric bracelese girders with rigid and
semirigid
struts. Issl. po teor. sooruzh. no-8:383-394 '59.
OaRk 12:12)
(Girders)

-CHEMAVSKIY, D.L., kand.tekhn.nauk; DORFMAN, Yu.I.,
inzh.; MIMBERG, Ye-1.
Design of the unitized bodywork of the TE10 diesel
locomotive.
Vest.TSNII MPS 22 no.5:27-32 163. - (MM 16:8)
1. KharIkovskiy politakhnichaskiy inatitut imeni
V.I.Lanina
Kharlkovskiy zavod transportnogo mashinostroyaniya imani
V.A.Malysheva.
(Diesel locomotives-Design and construction)

ChEn'TAWSE-11Y. D.L., kand. takh:.% nauk
Charanteriatics of the diesel locomotive body and
methDdq for
its design, Trudy VNIN no.19%66.-86 164.
Studyir.g the state of stress of type TIE3 truck
frames as a
three-d4mensional system. lbid.;98-113 (MZRA 180)
1. F"icrIkovskiy politekhniccheskiy institut im. V.1.
Lenina.

CHERNYAVSKIY, D.L. (Khartkov)
Reducing stress concentration in a plate of unlimited dimertions
having angular auts.,Prikl. makh. 1 no.2:13.1,-138 165.
(MIRA 18:6)
Khaylkovskiy politekhnicheskiy institut.

KOZIOV, K.I.; CHMNYAVSKIY, D.T.
Modernization of the tenter dryer drive.
Isv.vye.ucheb.zav.;tekh.
tekst.prom. no.4:147-151 160. (MM 13:9)
1. Kostromakoy tekstillnyy inotitat.
(Textile machinery--Electric driving)

CHEMiTAVSKIY,.E.I., gornyy inzhener.
_'.
I . ,- .
- - . ~43 1
1 1. -A~ P.
United States fire resistance tests for conveyer belts
(fromnMining
XVipment* no.6. 156.)-U9011 32 no.2:44-45 F 157. (VJRA
10:3)
(United States--Conveying machinery)

M&MEOV, Y.Ya., inzh. , I.I., inzh.
Reviewing "Prevention and extinction of endogenous
fires by -
silting" by B.K.Sereda, D.I.Sazhin, X.G.Bubok,
Y.IA.Manakov,
I.I.Cherniawakii. Bezop.truda v 'prom. 4 no-3:36
160.
(MIRA 13:6),
(Mine fires) (Sereda, B.K.) (Saahin, D.I.) (Bubok,
K.G.)
(Wanakov# VoIA*) (Cherniavskii, 3.1.)

7AKHAROV,, V.A., inzh.; inzh.
Blasting techniques for pyrite mines subject to pulfide
dust explosion.
Bezop truda v prom. 6 no.8:23--26 Ag 162. (MIRA 16-4)
ipyrites) (Mne dusts) (Blasting)

CHFAWUVBKIY.9 B.I.t insh.-
Using thermocouples in detecting explosions and
flashes of pyrite
dust, Bezop.truda v prom. 7 no.2:26 F 163. (MRA,16-.2)
(Copper mines and mining-Safety measures)

CHIKULAYEVY S.; LARIN, D., inzh.; YEFIMOV, M.;
CHERNYAVSKIY,.-1-E,J~,,, inzh.;
USLISTYY' B*S. inzh. po tekhnike bez6ii&iiT~~i
fbonetskaya oblast'.
gorod UkrainsO
Letters to the editors. Bezop.truda v prom. 9
no.4:54-55 Ap 165*
(MIRA 18;5)
1. Zameatitell glavnogo inzbenera po takhnike
bezopasnosti,
priisk Leninal-Ay.. Yakutskaya ASSR (for Chikulayev).
2. Upravleniye
Yuzhno-Kazakhstanskogo okruga Gosudarstvennogo komitata
pri Sovete
Ministrov KazSSR po nadzoru za bezopasnym vedeniyem
rabot v
promyshle-nosti i gornomu nadzoru (for Larin). 3.
Nachallnik
tekhnicheakoy informatsii i ratsionalizatsii
Berezovskogo rudnika
imeni Kirova (for Yefi-qov). 4. Urallskiy
natichno-issledovatellskiy
i proyektnyy institut mednoy promyshlennostil
Sverdlovsk (for
Chernyavskiy).

CHIMAVSKIY, 7. B.
-i~o,-io-g-]-roi- the loWtailed suslik of Varkhoyansk
(Citellus undulatus
Fall.). Biul. MOM Otd. biol. 64 no.3:17-22 MY-Je '59.
(MIRA 13:3)
(Oym-Yurys" Vallay-Sualiks)

CHEM,YAVSKIYI F.B.
Materials on the biology of the snow sheep (Ovis
in the Koryak Upland, Biul. MOIP. Otd. biol. 66
161.
(KORM RANGE-SIMP)
nivicola Esch.)
no.6-.61-76 H-D
(MIRA 1493-2)

CHERNrAVSKIr. F.B.
Reproduction and Zrovtb of m=tain sheep.(Ovis
nivicola,Eash.)
Zool.zhu.rw 41 no.1031556-1566,'O 162, (MM 15t12)
1. Zoological Institute, AcadeW of Sciences of the
U.S.S*Rt
Leningradb
(Koryak 24wo-Awtain shW)

CIIMYAVI,;KIY F.B.
Systematic interrelationships bel-ween the
mountal~i sheep of
.C,TT'. Q11, .
-1 1 d 'u A o -11 . U-7 n o . 6 -
-ie Old and New Vibrlde. BjUj. JJI
17-26 N-Dt62 (MffRA 17:7)

PORTENKO, Leonid Aleksandrovich; KISHCH111SKIY,
Aleksandr
qTYAVSKIY, Feliks Bo irovich;
Aleltsandrovich; QLI~C r
, -
SMIRPOVA, V.V., red.lid--via~'_ EiA, R.A.,
tekhn. red.
[Rammals of the Koryak Range; materials on their
distribu-
tion, abundance, biology and economic
significance) Mleko-
pitaiushchie Koriatskogo nagorlia; materialy po
raspro-
stranenUu chislennosti biologii i
ekononichaskomu znacho-
niiu. Moskva, Izd-vo AN SSSR, 1963. 129 p. (MIRA
16-12)
(Koryak Rmae--MwmmIs)

OWNYAVSKIYo F.Bf. -
Some adaptive characteristics of the posteranial
skeleton structure
in Ovia nivicola, Each. Zoole zhur. 43 no.2s242-252
164a
(MIRA 17:6)
1. Zoologieheskiy institut Akadamii nauk SSSR,
Leningrad.

CHERjNjffSKIYj F.B.. kand.biplog.nauk (Eanipgr4d)
Koryak Highland. Priroda 53 no. 1101-89 164. (MIRA 181l)

At

CHERNTAVSKIY, F.D.
Some data on the morphology of Ovis nivicola Each.
Niul. MOIP.
Otd. biol. 69 no.1:122-126 Ja.-F 164. (MIRA 17:4)

USPEVSKIY~ S.1-1., doktor bj.o2og. nauk;
CHKI-NNY.AXSETY, ~
W.B. kand. biolog. nauk
"Maternity home" of polar bears: winter lairs on
Vra-nrell Island.
Priroda 54 no-4:81-86 Ap 165. (1-MR], 18: 5)
1. Moskovskiy gosudarstvennyy universitet (for
Uspenskiy),.
2. Zoologicheskiy institut All SSSR, Leningrad (for
Chernyavskiy).

F. 1.
Chernyavskiy, F. I. "Rerrodeling of the asymbronous
roverents in synchronous
generators," Trudy Povocherkas. politekhr.. in-ta ;-,.
Orcizliorlkidze, Vol. XVITT.9
191-.8, p. 61-63
SO: U-3850, 16 June 53, (Ittopis 12hurnal Iny'li
3*1.at.ey, No. 5, 1040).

CHETUNAVSKlY, F. I.
Chernyavskiy, F. 1. "R-econditioninr tbe 27,5ff
kilo-volt-arpere turbo
I
gererator," Trudy Novocherhas. pol.trklin, in-ta i--.
Ordzhnnikicize, Vol. Iviiii
194P, P. ~5-69
SO: U-3M, 16 June 53, (T-atopis 'Zhurn-al Invkh
State.-y, No. 55)

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-iRwu5uvSK~j V~.-Ya-. (Eng.); BERGER, Prof.A. Ya.
CHERNYAVSLM R2e2nt F. I ; ZAVALISHIN, Dr. D. A.
Electric Machinery - Testing
L. M. Pyotrovskiy and Ye. A. Falls book "Testing electrical
machines.".
Prof. A. Ya. Berger, Docent F. I. Chernyavskiy Eng. V. Ya.
Yakubovskiy, Dr. D. A.
Zavalishin, and others. Elektrichestvo No. 51 1952.
t X of Congress, November 1952 UNCIASSIFIED
MontUZ Us of Russian Accessions, LibrF

.,n S, S. A. -T.-p BAWYEEV, V. X. Eng. , GRUSY-3--vSM, V. D---cent
. , fS
1
2. USSIR (600)
4. Electric Engineering
7. Comrmnts en the textbook "General Electrical engineering," edited
by S. A. Press, F. I.
Cherniavokiy, 23ng. V. F. Balljye~, , Dccent B. V. Grushevskiy.
Elektrich stvo No. 2, 19---3.
9. Monthly List of Russian Accessions, Library of Congress, June
1953. Unclassified.

CHICRNTAVSM I I dotsent, kandidat takhnicheakikh nauk.
~
-
Experimental determination of the efficiency coefficient for
cascade asynchronous motors with mercury rectifiers. Nauch.
trudy
IWI 26:321-324 055. (MLRA 9:12)
(Slectric, motors, Induction) (Mercury-are rectifiers)

SOV/ 112-57 -9 -18691
Translation from: Referativnyy zhurnal, Elektrotekhnika, 1957,
Nr 9, p 87 (USSR)
AUTHOR: Chernyavskiy, F. 1.
TITLE: Cross -Flela7 Machine as a General Case of the DC
Machine
(Mashina poperechnogo polya. kak obshchiy sluchay mashiny
postoyannogo toka)
PERIODICAL: Tr. Novocherkas. politekhn. in-ta, 1956, Nr 33/47,
pp 36-43
ABSTRACT: A cross-field machine is analyzed as a general case
of the DC
machine; in the cross -field machine, in addition to the
conventional 1-1
brushes refftred to as "transverse, " "primary, " or
"motor-type, " a pair of
2-2 bruishes is provided for each pair of poles; the 2-2
brushes are shifted
with regard to 1-1 brushes by one pole pitch and called
"longitudinal,
"secondary," or 11gener'ator-type. " All quantities
corresponding to the
11primary" axis have the s*ubscript "l, " to the "secondary"
axis, 112. " The
following assumptionz have been made: (1) the stator carries
exciting vindings
in axis 1, exc#ing windings in axis 2; (2) axes I and 2 have
different per-
meances; (3) voltage drops in brush contacts 1 and 2 are
different and, there-
Card 1/2

SOV/1 1?-57-9-18691
Cross-Field Machine as a General Case of the DC Machine
fore, armature resistance is different for both circuits. From
the equation of
the primary power, an expression can be derived for the torque
of a cross -
field motor. Such a motor can develop a reactive torque if the
permeance
values for axes* 1 and 2 are different. Because of this reactive
torque, the
motor can rotate without any stator excitation - a fact
corroborated by experi-
ments. Equations for a number of specific cases can be derived
from the
general equations. If in the general equations the generator
axis - 1 current and
the motor axis -2 current be equated to zero, the equations of a
conventional
DC machine will result. If in the general equations the
assumption of U1 = 0
:s made (1-1 brushes siiort-circuited), and if the effect of
compensating wind-
i_ngs is allowed for, amplidyne equations will result. If in the
general equations
Ut = 0 and the effects of the separate -excitation winding and
series-field wind-
ing acting along axis 2 are allowed for, equations of a
cross-field welding
generator will result. All the above equations for specific
cases show that the
fundamental properties of various DC machines can be found from
the general
equation for the cross-field machine. 0. 1. Z.
Card 2/2

SOV/112-58-2-2180
Translation from: Ref erativnyy zhurnal, Elektrotekhnika,
1958, Nr 2. p 62 (USSR)
AUTHOR:-- Chernyavskly, -F. 1.
TITLE: A Determination of Scalar Magnetic Potential Ln
Electric Machinery
(Opredeleniye skalyarnogo magnitnogo potentsiala v
elektricheskikh mashinakh)
PERIODICAL- Tv. Novocherk. politekhn- in-ta, 1956, Vol 43157,
pp 37-43
ABSTRACT: A method is suggested for calculating the magnetic
potential of a flat
field on the basis of concentrated current. A calcilatio.Ta
applicable to a DC
machine is given. A comparison of experimental and design
data reveals that
the method suggested is simple and no less accurate than the
graphic-
analytical method.
B. Ya. G.
Card III

SOV/144-58-8-9/18
AUTHOR: -Chernyavskiy, F.I., Candidate of Technical Sciences,
Docent
TITIS: Experimental Determination of the Losses in Steel in
the
Case of Pulsating Currents (Opytnoye opredeleniye poter'
v stall pri pul'siraj r.-shchem toke)
PERIODICAL: Izvestiya Vysshikh Uchebnykh Zavedeniy,
Blektromekhanika,
1958, 1,4r 8, pp ?4 - r?? (USSR)
ABSTRACT: The experiments were carried out by means of,a 2
kVA,
220/145 V transformer.- The 220 V winding was fed by an
AC for which the frequency could be regulated; the 145 V
winding was fed by DO. A large inductance was connected
into the 145 V circuit as a result of which the AC
component of the current was almost completely eliminated
in this circuit. By changing the current intensity in
both windings, various ratios could be achieved between
the DO and the AC components of the current and, corres-
pondingly, various magnitudles of the pulsations of the
magnetic flux in the transformer core. The experimental
results have shown that the losses in steel in the case of
a pulsating magnetising current and a DO component of a
low value are higher than the corresponding value of the
Cardl/2 losses for a p-L~zely alternating current. The
maximum of

SOV/144-58-8-9/18
ExDerimental Determination of the Iosses in Steel,in the Case
of
Pulsating Currents
the losses in steel in the case of a pulsating current
corresponds approximately vrith the maximum of the
permeability. With further increase in the magnitude of the
DC component-, the losses in the steel decrease. The
losses in steel magnetized by means of a pulsating current
increase with increasing frequency. The law of changes
in these losses as a function of the frequennay differs
from that pertaining to a purely alternating current. For
certain magnitades of the DC component of the current-,
the in the steel vary in proportion to the frequency;
if the magnitude of the DC component increases further,
the -losses in the steel increase more slowly than the
frequency. In the uase of saturation of the magnetic
circuit, the hysteresis losses in a circuit fed by a
pulsating current can be -aali2ulated approximately by means'
of the "tangent method", which is described in this paper.
There axe 4 f igures.
A95OCTATItONS.- inv-tit,.it
(Nc7c^11-.~--kausk L--stitu+,a)
SUBMITTED: July 9P 1959
Card 2/2

SOV/144-59-7-16/17
ATJ r." I I OR Chernyavskiy, F.I. (Cand. Te(-,LL. Sni.,
Docent)
TITLE: A Scientific-Technical Crn-ference on the
Commutation of
Electrical Machines
PERIODICAL: Izvestiya vysshikh uohebny;~:h zavederdy,
Elektromelihanika, 195c), Nr '79 Dp 108-110 (USSR)
ABST'RACT: The Miinist:ry of Highei- Educa 4- 1 -q- C) fthe
USSR decided to
call. the first All-Union Scienti fic-Te,-hnJi-al
Conferen(-;e
or., Commutation in electrical ma-3hines. Tha conference
was haeld from the 3rd to the 6-th July 1959 in Vine
Novo ~:herka s sk Polytechnimal Instit-Ute ant the
transa~:tions
(If the confe-"once will be published Jin this jo=nal.
There were more than 100 delegates from J.'r, oolleges5
8 research institutes and 15 industr'ai undertakings.
Tweilt-y--Itwo ~reports were read, cover-Ing a very wide
range
of questions on the t1hoory, inyesti:gation and adjustment
of aommutation in va.-ious types of electrical macihine.
M .
CaLd.Leah.Sai. O.G. Ve-ner of Leningrad described exper-i--
mrsntal and theoretica-1 work commutation carried out in
thq Leningrad branch of the Sclantif-ic Resear--h Institute
of the elactrinal industry. lie (considers that the absence
f an integrated approach has made the problem of
Card .1/4 o
i,.ommutation appear uiLnecessa-.,::.1y oc;mpli!,ated, arid
proposed

30V/l!P+-5')-7--,6/l7
L
A So-! e'ntif J-0-Tachnical Conf erenc3 on the Co=utatiion
of Electrical
Ma h i n e s
tho setting up of a co-ordinating couii,:til oil Commutation
and bi-ashes and the strengthening of research work on the
subic-,,~t. Profe3sorYe.M. Sinellnikov and Aspirant
A.G. Nazi-kyan of the Novocharkasslr Poly+.--- c1anical
Institute
desc7ibad a new method of investigating and adjusting
commutatiozi Vaich is very useful in determining the
r,-jquiled charac-teris-16-i-es of d.-I. mar.-Il'iine
interpoles.
Cand.Ter~h.Sci. V.P. Tolkunov of the Khar1kov Polytechnical
Institute considered the influence on commutation of
%7arlou5.; d.,i. machine .-.-onstants suf.-h as the width of
the
interpole tip, the field of the nain poles, brush
cha.-aoteristics and so on. Professor M.S. Karasev,
Di,.Tech.G-~-,'L., of the Tomsk Elektro-Mechanical Institute
of
Railway Transport Engineers, discrassed the causes of
sparking of brushes and tiie determination cf their
-orr V
=u 4- a ting oapacity. lie considered riiiechanical defects
in
the commutato-.L, to be a major cause of sparking. The
J"emaining :~aports a'~,e describad vary brieff y, usually
with
?.ittle more than author and title. as their are to be
Ca-,~d 2/4 published in this Jou-;.~nai soon they are not
all listed
here. The c:onference noted t-hat electrictal brushes are

SOM"411" 7,9-7-16/17
~ 'r- .,
A confe-len~:e cr.L C,_.iamutation of Electrical
Ma,~:Ij_-nes
;.-,o' pi-oducod In sufl",.cia= railge, oy. of good enough
r
~ju lity. Must Investigatiors tin and brashes
a no. r o
a(-had the stare or
to seem to rely tc;o
much on 1-,ho ell,wisi-al theoi,y of a.1,-,('- to pay
J--isuffiel:ont atten'.-.-Lon '~o ronontl- dim-vol~.)pmlents Fu 1,
t h
atl;ention -4o requixod to ~-Ihlfo Vioory ol' ~-omxu-utaticn.
d
The calculation, design aiw'. ::on.,t:LuctV-_fon of Machines and
,,_I
'he e-11-w-dation of their ta;5J.,i7
1):~cpzArtfss sh-uld be
Oved*'. lutans`vt-, Is on the role of
tz_ushes in the jurw>--sS C.-f and in the dievelop-
niGnt ol' -.uw J_mp-_-,o-;nd graOe:s of lx~ushes. Bacause of the
__'J.-utfou s-ocltlai attention
roq:airemmts of railway c i. i; ~- 11 - . ~.7 - _L
shou-16i be Paid. to the coramii'l-IV.-lion of a.e.. moturs and of
mollors oppratin,-, or, pulsating, voltaga. The confarence
COTISidered, J."G necessary to organiso undle~ t-e management
oll' the of the Elactri(,-al
Indust-s~v a co-ordiruqting comittoe for svszematic exchange
i1i2fornition and :~f resear(;'i wark on
C 3A, C, C, -aim ra tt.-L 0 11 .It was consi, dered advisable to
hold an

SOV/144-59-7-16/17
A Scientific-Technical Conference on the Commutation of
Electrical
Machines
annual conference on commutation of machines, and to
invite the participation of manufacturers and operators
of electrical machinery.
There
figures)
tables2
are no
no
no references*
ASSOCIATION: Novocherkasskiy politekhnicheskiy institut
(Novocherkassk Polytechnical Institute)
Card 4/4

s/144/60/000/010/005/010
9, 72, 0 0 E194/E355
AUTHORS: Sinellnikov, Ye.M., Doctor of Technical Sciences.
Professor, Departmental Head, Nazikyan, A.G.,
Assistant, Kleymenov, V.V., Head of Laboratory and
V_ T. I Candidate of Technical Sciences
TITLE: The Use of Analogue Computers to Investigate the
Commutation of DC Machines
PERIODICAL: Izvestiya vysshikh uchebnykh zavedeniy,
Elektromekhanika, 1960, No. 10, PP. 58 - 77
TEXT: It is impossible to provide a strict analytical
solution of commutation problems in DC and AC machines because
of the complex nonlinear character of the differential
equations involved. Assumptions that are made to simplify
the equations lead to errors in these solutions.
The development of computers offers new prospects of solving
commutation problems. These devices can solve the problems
involving the complex differential equations of the commutation
process without introducing crude simplifying assumptions.
The first practical attempt to use modern high-speed computers
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The Use of Analogue Computers to Investigate the Commutation
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for calculations on commutation was reported by Alger and
Bewley in Power Apparatus and Systems, August, 1957. These
authors used a digital computer and because of the cumbersome
algorithms it was necessary to make a number of
simplifications
and exclude various factors which are important in practice.
In prticular, it was necessary to simplify the volt-ampere
characteristic of the brushes and to assume sinusoidal flux
distributions of the interpoles.
In comparing the advantages of digital and analogue computers
for solving commutation problems it should be remembered that
existing procedures for calculating the parameters that enter
into the equation do not utilise t'he potential accuracy of
computers. Accordingly, in this case, the accuracy of digital
machines is of no advantage as compared with that of analogue
computers which are adequate for the purpose. With an
analogue
computer it is possible to obtain a number of output
magnitudes
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The Use of Analogue Computers to Investigate the Commutation
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such as the voltage between commutator bars, currents in
sections and their differential coefficients, voltages as
the commutator bars leave the brush and other magnitudes.
With digital machines each of these magnitudes would require
a fresh algorithm. Accordingly, at the present time analogue
computers have considerable advantages for work of this
kind.
In the present work the authors show the extensive
possibilities
of analogue computers for calculating and explaining various
factors that influence the commutation process. It would be
difficult or impossible to study these factors by existing
procedures. The assumptions that were made in applying the
method are then stated. The more important are; the self-
induction coefficients of short-circuited sections and
mutual
induction coefficients between simultaneously commutating
sections do not depend on the value of current or the
angular
position of the rotor; for any given slot section the
inductance is the same as that of any other corresponding
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The Use of Analogue Computers to Investigate the Commutation
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section in other armature slots; section and loop
resistances
are constant; the voltage drop in the brush contact depends
on the current density and not on the speed. The direct-
current machine for which the different 'ial equations of
commutation were formulated was of the following character-
istics: 2.6 W, 220 V, rated current 14 A, speed 1400 r.p.m.
The armature has a diametral pitch winding with three
sections
per slot and the commutator bar width is 7.5 mm with 1 mm of
mica between. The brush is 15.5 mm wide and can
short-circuit
one or two sections simultaneously. Fig. I shows a schematic
section of the winding undergoing commutation under two
brushes of opposite polarity. In view of the assumptions
that
are made, if the brushes are similarly located relative to
the
neutral position, brushes of opposite polarity have
identical
volt-ampere characteristics, and the laws of change of
current
in analogous sections short-circuited by brushes of opposite
polarity are the same. Accordingly, there is no need to
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The Use of Analogue Computers to Investigate the
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write down twice the differential equations of commutation
for identical sections and correspondingly to double the
electronic model. Hence the circuit of Fig. 1 may be
simplified to obtain that of Fig. 2, and as in thereal
machine
the resistance of the risers is small they are omitted.
In formulating the equations of commutation it is
convenient
to measure time from the start of commutation of a section;
in particular, the start of commutation of sections 2-3 in
Fig. 2 is considered. The commutation process is cyclic and
is repeated after the armature has passed through a single-
tooth pitch. The commutation cycle may be divided into
three
stages, each of which introduces new operating conditions
in
some section. Fig. 3 shows equivalent circuits of section
commutation for all stages of a complete cycle. There are
nine of them. Eq. (1) is then written for the first section
of the slot in operator form for all stages of commutation.
In the second stage the equation takes the form of Eq. (2)
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which is the equation of damping of current oscillations in
the
section 1-2. In the next four stages of section 1-2 the
first
section of the first slot is not commutated. However, the
process of modelling commutation of this section is
incomplete
since no allowance has been made for the start of
commutation
of the section 1-2. The method of allowing for this is
explained, and Eq. (3) is derived. In the next, eighth
stage,
Eq. (3) is again valid. The ninth stage of commutation
commences when electromagnetic oscillations in section 3-1
are
terminated and is described by differential equation (4).
The nonlinear differential equations (1), (2) and (3) for
the
first section must be solved simultaneously with similar
equations for other sections for the same stages of
commutation.
Consequently, the electronic model which is required to
solve
the equations should automatically on completing the
solution
of one system of equations reconnect in the next stage of
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commutation to solve another system of equations to give a
continuous solution of the commutation process on the
machine
output. Thus, from the mathematical standpoint the process
of
commutation is determined by a system of differential
equations
with coefficients which are discontinuous functions of-t�me.
Differential equations (1) and (2) may be combined to give
an
expression of the form of Eq. (5). Similarly, expressions
(3)
and (4) may be united into the general equation (6).
Finally,
to obtain the most compact electronic model, Eqs. (5) and
(6)
should be united into a more general equation for the first
section of the slot, which will be of the form of Eq. (7).
Eqs. (la) and (3a) are then combined to obtain a general
expression (7a). Similar expressions (8) and (8a) are
obtained
for the second section of the slot and Eqs. (9) and (9a) for
the third section of the slot.
Eqs. (7), (8) and (9) are solved relative to the
differential
coefficient of current for the first, second and third
sections
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of the slot, and on introducing other necessary terms Eqs.
(71),
(81) and (91) are obtained. The reason for writing the
expressions in this form is explained. The Eqs. W) - (9')
and (7a) - (9a) were used to formulate the analogue-computer
block circuit diagram shown in Fig. 4, the notation of the
block-circuit components being given in Table 1. Table 2
note's certain parameters of the DC machine investigated4 the
scales used are stated. Table 3 gives coefficients of the
block-circuit of the electronic model with the circuit of
Fig. 4. Fig. 6 shows the law of change during the process
of commutation of the area of contact between the brush and
the corresponding commutator bar. Vales of section capaci-
tance on the machine investigated were determined with a
ballistic galvanometer, using the circuit of Fig. 7.
A description is then given of the electronic model whose
block-circuit diagram is given in Fig. 4. In order to
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understand all the mathematical operations carried out by
the
model in a complete commutation cycle it is sufficient to
follow the solution of the equations of any one section.
Accordingly, solution of the equations of commutation of the
first section of the slot (P) and 7a) is considered. The way
in which the various values shown in the blodr.-circuit
diagram
of Fig. 4 are obtained is explained. It is shown that on the
model it id possible to follow the solution of the necessary
equations for a complete cycle of commutation of the
machine.
The model was',designed to repmduce the process of
commutation
continuously,:i.e. to solve the equations in a time of 255
sec,
which corresponds to the time of the commutation cycle on
the
time scale chosen. When the calculations for one cycle are
complete the computer stops and a further current setting
may
be made. The operation of repeated starting could have been
made automatic but the complication involved was not worth
while.
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Some results are then given of the solution of the
commutation
equations. Oscillograms of current in commutating sections
obtained with the model are shown in Fig. 8 and the shape of
the curves is discussed. Corresponding curves with higher
values of e.m.f. are plotted in Fig. 9. and again the shape
is discussed. These curves show that with the machine
investi-
gated satisfactory commutation cannot be obtained with a
uniform field in the commutation zone. The optimum field can
very easily be selected on the model and changes in section
current with optimum field in the commutation zone are
plotted
in Fig. 10. Fig. 11 gives oscillograms of currents in the
section assuming that there is no vGltage drop in the brush
contact, It will be seen that because of the intensive
magnetic linkage between sections the values of section
current
are much closer together in this case. Consequently, the
greater the voltage drop in the contact the greater the
counter-
action to the effect of equalising current in the section and
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the more uniform the process of current change in the
section.
Fig. 13 shows curves of changes of current in two section
short:-circuited by two brushes of opposite polarity. The
curves were taken oscillographically on an actual DC
machine;
the method is briefly,explained. It will be.-seen that there
is satisfactory agreement between the curves obtained on the
machine and with the computer and this confirms the method
of
formulating the differential equations for modelling.
The general principles of formulating equations of
commutatio,/C
and block-circuit diagrams of an electronic model are then
considered. This section for the most part repeats the
explanations given in preceding parts of the article. It is
shown, however, that in writing the expressions for the
transient process in analytical form the requisite number of
commutation equations need not exceed the maximum number
of commutator bars covered by both brushes.
It is concluded that the principles described in the article
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The Use of Analogue Computers to Investigate the
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of DC Machines
may easily be used to construct a model of a DC machine
with
any practical numberof sections in the slot and with any
width of brushes. By making very simple changes in the
coefficients and other parameters of the model it may be
used
to study commutation processes in DC machines with
different
winding pitches and with any number of sections in the slot
or widths of brush.
The following data may be obtained fo'r each of the
variants:
the nature of current changes in the sections and their
differential coefficients; the nature of current changes in
the risers; the law of change of voltage drop in the brush
contacts; the law of change of current density in the brush
contact and the voltage of the commutator bar relative to
the
brush at the moment of exit of the section from
commutation.
The-influence on the above characteristics of the following
factors may be consideredt the field shape in the
commutation
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zone of the machine; the grade of brushes and the effect of
too early interruption of contact between brush and
commutator bar. Further work with electronic modelling
methods and the development of special analogue computers
will make it possible to discard most of the ill-founded
assumptions that are usually made, including some tolerated
in this article. Then a more complete study can be made of
the commutation process. There are 13 figures, 3 tables
and 3 referencest 2 Soviet and 1 non-Soviet.
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