SCIENTIFIC ABSTRACT G.A. CHERNOV - G.M. CHERNOV

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: Scientific Abstracts
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP86-00513R000308530006-6
• Release Decision: RIF
• Original Classification: S
• Document Page Count: 100
• Document Creation Date: November 2, 2016
• Document Release Date: June 12, 2000
• Sequence Number: 6
• Publication Date: December 31, 1967
• Content Type: SCIENTIFIC ABSTRACT

ACCESSTON NR: AT5003263
autologaus bone nmrrov cells, and
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AMMION I.R- APS003895 S/0216/65/000/001/0003/00091
AUTHOR: Parin, V. V.; AntjR2y, V. V..; Raushenbakh, M. 01; Saksonov, P. P.:
TITLE: Changes in,the concentration of oerotonin in the blood of animals caused by
the effects Of ionizing radiation and the dynamic factors of bpace flight
SOURCE: AN SSSR-;~ fzvestiya. Seriya-biologichookaya, no. 1. 1965, 3-9
TOPIC TAGS: blood serotoniti level, ioniziog radiation effect, x x8y, vibration,
vibration effect$ ! combined factors_efLeg_tjmouoe, rat, guinea pig, dog, monkey,
acceleration, weightlessness
~ABSTRACT: Experiments were performed In oreer to test the iffects of space flight
lip. orbltal-sp~ceshipa and of Ionizing radiation and vibration under laboratory con-:
ditloas on the.concentration of scrotonin in,,no blood of animals. The b1ological
method described by Erepamer and Vane waa.usec to determine the concentration of
vorotonin in the blood, This method is based &,a the ability of serotonin to causi
contraction of ;the smooth intestinal muscles 6.t a rat. Monkeysg dogs, guinea pigalt
rate, and uice.were subjected to lethal doaes pt'gacma rays (Co OYIn the radi ti
a
iexpeilments. '~%n dogs, tionvAys. and guifteA 0i4s. the disruption in the serotonin
C&rd:l/

L 2740M5

-ACCESSION NR: AP5003895
0
level of the blood was very marked and was in direct relation to the severity of
the radiation sickness, while in rats and mice the drop in the conceAration a f
serotonin- was less markedi and did not depend on the extent of radiation Injury.
The first group of animals developed a sharply defined hemorrhagic syndrome during 1
ithe course of radiation sickness while the second group (rate and mice) did not -
1evidence hemorrhagic symptoms. The chief reason for the drop In the serotonin level
of the blood during radiation sickness is the disruption of the formation of acre-
tonin in the digestive tract. Tho'concentration of eerotonin in the blood of mice
-10 times in
jand dogs carried on the fourth and fifth orbital spaceships dropped 8
mica and 3.5-10 times in dogs, on the first or second day after return, In com-
parioon with the control level (0.12-0.2 jig/ml). After 10 days the , sere-
tonin level of these animals returned to normal. During the period of 80-240 -days'
after space f lightt the, serotonin level in dogs remained normal. Mice and guinea
pigs subjected to vibration (frequency: 35 and 70 cps, amplitudel 0.4 mm), for
fifteen minutes also showed a drop in the serotonin level of the blood during the
first two days, with a subsequent return to normal. The authors conclude that
~7 vibration Is one of the factors reaponeible for a drop in the concentration of
serotonin in the blood:during space flight. Orig, art. has 1 4 tables. JBHJ

ASSOCIATION: none

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NESTERENKO, A.I.; CHMOV, G.A.; MUKHAMEDZYANOVA, G.S.; RYNEYSKAYA, V.A.
Activity of ceruloplasmin in leukemic children. Probl. ge.Tat. i
perel, krovi no,6t27-30 165, (MIRA 18: 11)
1. TSentrallnyy ordena Lenina institut gematologii i perelivaniya
krovi (dir. - dotsent A.Ye.Kiselev) Ministerstva. zdravookhraneniya
SSSR i Institut pediatrii (dir. - dotBent M.Ya.Studenikin) AMN
SSSR, Moskva,

CHERNOV, G. G. and KOMAROV, N. 5.
Vzaim,zameniaemost' v sellskokhoziaistvonnom mashinostroenii. Moskva.,
Mashgiz, 10,49. 166 p. illus.
DW : TJ1480.K6
Interchangeability in agricultural nachine building.
SO: Manufacturing and Mechanical -Engineering in the Soviet Union, Library
of Congress, 1953.

CMMNOVp G*Ge
"Investigation of'the Selection of Pit During Repair of Agriculture MiLchine Sliding
Friction Bearings, Operating Under Conditions of Semi-liquid Friction." Theses for
degree of Cand. Technical Sci. Sub 24 Nov 50, Moscow Inst for the Me6hanization
and Electrification of Agriculture imeni, V.M.Molotov*
Summary 71, 4 Sep 52., Dissertations Presented for Degrees in Science and Engineering
in Moscow in 1950. Mrom Vechernyaya )bokva. Jan-Ded 1950.

CHERNOV.G.G.
Lock washer designed by I.F.Egorov. Sellkhowashina uo.6:
P-9-30 Je '55. (KIBA 8:8)
1. Vsesoyaznyy Nauchno-issledovatellskiy institut sellsko-
khozyaystvennogo mashinostroyeniya.
(Washers (Mechanics))

CHIRNOV. G.G., kandidat takhnicheskikh nauk.
r.. - .. - -
Surface fini a-Of cold-drawn shafts and axles in contact with
roller bushings of bearings in farm machinery. Selikhozmashina
no-3:29-31 Hr 157. (MLPA 10:5)
(Bearings (Machinery))
(Surfaces (Technology))

CHBRSO-Y, G.9
;~ -1~- -
-'r. , ,
Use of cold-drawn steel journals with sintered iron bushWo.
Sellkhosmashina no.4:29-30 Ap '57. (NIA& 10:4)
1. Vaesovuznyy mauchno-isaledovatel'skiy institnt sel'sko-
khozyaystyannego mashinostroyenlya.
(Bearinge(Machinery))

9 A/0 Yj &~- CT,
AUTHOR: Chernov, G.G., Engineer
28-56-1-20/314
TITLE: Tolerances and Fits of Key Connections (0 dopuskakh i po-
sadkakh shponoohnykh soyedineniy)
PERIODICAL: Standartizatsiyap 1958, # 1, PP 50-51 (USSR)
ABSTRACT: The article presents a critical consideration of the
"COST 7227-5411-standard for fits and tolerances Of Dris-
matic and segment key connections. The large variety of
standard tolerances creates difficulties in the production
of keys, and keys produced with different tolerances have
to be marked. Rules for measuring the key-seat dimensions
on shafts are also criticized.
The author suggests a reduced system of tolerances, in
which different degrees of connection tightness would be
achieved by a different location of the tolerance fields
for keyseats as well as change in the size of these toler-
ance fields. In this way,one of the 6 connection classes
of the "GOST 7227-54" could be cancelled.
There is 1 figure and 2 tables.
AVAILABLE: Library of Congress
Card 1/1

VOLKOV, Yu.I., inzh.; GAPANOVICH, A.A., kand.tekhn.nauk; GLADKOV, N.G.,
kand.sellskokhoz.nauk; GORKUSHA, A.Ye., agr.; ZHITHRV, R.F., inzh.;
ZANIH, A.V., kand.takhn.nauk; ZAUSHITSYN, V.Ye., kand.tekhn.nauk;
ZVOLINSKIY. H.P.; ZZITSERMAN, I.K., kand.tekhn.nauk; KAIPOV. A.U.,
kand.takhn.nouk; KASPAROVA, S.A., kBnd.sellskokhoz.neuk; KOLOTUSHKINA,
A.P., kand.ekon.nauk; KRUGLYAKOV, A.M., inzh.; KURNIKOV, I.I., inzh.;
LAVREVOYEV, L.N., inzh.; LERE V, B.M., knnd.takhn.nauk; LEVITIN,
Yu.I., inzh.; MAKHLIN, Te.A., inzh.; NIKOLAYEV, G.S., inzh.;
POLESHCBMiKO, P.V., kand.tekhn.nauk; POL'UNOCHEV, I.M., agr.; PIYANKOV,
I.P., Imnd.sellskokhoz.nauk; RABINOVICH, I.P., kand.tekhn.nauk;
SOKOLOV, A.F., kand.seliskokhoz.nauk; STI=OVSKIY, A.A., inzh.;
TURBIN, B.G., kand.takhn.nauk; CHARAN, I.V., inzh.; CHAPKEVICH,.A.A.,
kand.tekhn.neuk; CHERITAY, r-A_.__kand.tekhn.nauk; SHMELEV, B.M., kand.
tekhn.nauk; KRAS11ICHHNKO, A.V., inzh., red.; KLETSKIN, M.I., inzh.,
red.; MOLYUKOV, G.A., inzh., red.; ILAGO,'IUMONOVA, N.Tu., inzh., red.;
UVAROVA, A.F., tekhn.rad.
[Reference book for the designer of agricultural machinery in Wo
volume] Spravochnik konstruktora seliskokhozisistvennykh mashin
v dvukh tomakh. Moskva, Gos.nauchno-tekhn.izd-vo mashinoBtroit.
lit-ry. Vol.l. 1960. 655 P. (MIRA 13:11)
(Agricultural machinery--Design and construction)

6HIIP_OV ~ G. G. ----
Key joints In agricultMI machinery# Trakt.i sel'khozmash.
30 no.10:28-29 0 060. 1 (MIRA 13:9)
(Couplings) (Agricultural machinery)
It I

CHMOV, G.G.
Using talerances ooncerning,the system of holes in agri-tiltural
machinery. Trakt. i sellkhozmash. 31 no. 5:35-36 My 161.
(MIPIA 14:5)
1. Voesoyuznyy nauchno-iseledovatellskiy institut sel'sko-
kho'zyayMtvemogo mashinostroyeniya.
(Tolerance (Engineering)) (Agricultural machinery)

POLESHCHENKO, P.V.; CHERNOV, G.G.; IVANOV, A.I,, kand. takhn. nauk,
retsenzent; ZHURAVLEVi-l M.N., red. iz -m;' UVAROVA, A.F.,
tekhn. red.
[Tolerances and dimensional chains in agricultural machines]
Dopuski i.razmernye tsepi v sel'skokhoziaistvennykh mashinakh;
spravochnoe posoble. Moskva., Mashgiz, 1963. 254 P.
(MIRA 16:6)
(Agricultural machiner)--Desing and construction)

_CHERNO~q G.G.; MUGERMANO L.I.
Installing electric protection simultaneously vith construction
of the line, Stroi. trJoprove 8 no,1:16-17 Ja 163. (MMA 16%5)
1. Nachallnik proizvodstvenno-tekhnioheskogo otdele ~i/ a stroitellnogo
uohastka No.14 tresta po, stroitel'stvu gazoprovodovjF.
Glavnefteprovodstroya Ministerstva stroitel'stva predpriyatiy neftyanoy
prceyshlennosti SSSR, Podollsk.
(Electrolytic corrosion) (Gas, Natural-Pipelines)

CHEBOV2 Georgiy Gavrilovich; BLOYWIN, U.N..0 red.; MDPMEVA, L.S.,,
tekhn.
[Safety measures in the operatlozi of agricultural machinery)
Tekbnika bezopasnosti pri rabote na, sellskolchoziaistvennykh
mashinakh. lzd.2., ispr. i dop. Moskva,, Izd-vo VTsSPS
Profizdat, 1961 159 p. (IMA 15:4)
Wricultural machinery--Safety measures)

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KRIVOSHEYEVO V.N.,, inzh.; POLSTYAINOY, V.A.# inzh.j,
IMNEVOY, V.S... inzh.
Adopting machines for calcining limestone in the sintering process.
Stall 21 no. 0293-296 Ap 161, (MMA 14:4)
1. Makeyevskiy metallurgichaskly zavod.
(Ore dressing) (Limestone)

8/133/62/000/007/006/014
A054/A127
ALITHOBS: Smirnov, Yu. D. Chernov, G. I.-
TITLE: At the Chelyabinskiy nauchno-issledovatellskiy institute metallurgii
(Chelyabinsk Scientific Research Institute of Metallurgy)
PERIODICAL; Stal', no. 7, 1962, 62o
TEXT: In cooperation with the Magnitogorskiy metallurgicheskiy kombinat
(Magnitogorsk Metallurgical Combine) a technology for semi-killed steel has been
developed, in which reduction is effected only by silicon added in the furnace
or the ladle. High-qualitY 7-ton ingots of CT - 3n 2 (St.3Ps) stebl can be pro-
duced by this technology. As to chemical composition, the new grade is similar
to killed steel; the surface of rolled sections is satisfactory and renuires
less finishing than the CT .3cn (st-3sp) killed steel. The yield of service -
alle product for rolled sections increased by 9%, the production costs were out
by 2.55 rubles/ton. In rolled sections with diameters under 30 mm the strength
and ductility are in accordance with roCT 38o-6o (GOST 380-60) for kill6d
steel, at sub-zero temperatures and after mechanical aging, however, the notch
toughness values are not equal to those of killed steel. Tlmrefore, the new
Card 1/2

8/133/62/Ooo/oo7/oo6/0l4
At the Chelyabinskiy .... A054/A127
steel grade can replace the St-3sP grade only for rolled sections up to 30 Mm,
not requiring high notch toughness at -200C ', and after aging. The possibility of
replacing C-1 A Kn (St.3kp) steel by semi-killed steel in the production of the
Chusovskiy metallurgicheskiy zavod (Chusovcor Metallurgical Plant) was also in-
vestigated. When castings were made in bottle-shaped Ingot molds) the yield of
serviceable rolled sections was raised by 2%, due to reduced head crop.
Card 2-/2

XAWBR, D.F.j inzh.; CHEWOV, G,I,, inzh.; TOPOLI, N.F., inzh,;
ALFEROV., N.A.7 inzh.
Research at the Makeyevka Metallurgical Plant. Stall 23
no.2i116,130-131,156 F 163. (MIRA 16:2)
(Makeyevka-Metallurgioal research)

CHWOV, Grigoriy Iosifovich; SVIRNOV, Yuriy Dmitriyevichj SVET,
OoYa.p tekbnerede
[Production of semikilled steel] Proizvodstvo poluspo-
koinoi stali. Cheliabinsk, Cheliabinskoe knizhnoe izd-vo,
1963. 59 p. (MIRA 17:3)

ROS7EMEERSKIYI A.V.; KANFER, V.D.; SOLDATKIN, A.I., kand.tekhn.nauk;
KUMANI, B.G.; CHERNOV, G.I.; LOZNEVOY, V.S.; ZAPOROZHETS, N.P.
ww~~ ~-
Increasing the productivity of sintering plants and improving
the quality of the sinter. Met. i gornorud. prom. no. 2:20-22
Mr-Ap 164. (MIRA 17:9)

SRNIKO~ Me,; ONOPRIYF.NKO, V.P.; TSARITSYN, A.N.; MOZOOVOY, VA; CHERNOVII
KONAREVA, N.V.
Analysis of blast furnace performanee vith the automatic control of
the blast in the air tuyeres, Stall 25 no.7t590-593 J1 165. (MA 1817)
1. Ukrainskiy nauchno-jS8jp6Ovp+^jlS'k4,, Jrjtj+tjt MO+##.jiw i Makeyevskiy
metallurgicheakiy zavod.

CRERNOY, G.I.; YEVDOKIMOV, N.A.; MUSEW.KIY, Ye.V.; SEMHKIN, B.1.;
--*9A--OIAYEVA, M.R.
Operation of a blast furnace with automatic control of the
blast distribution through the tuyeles.-Metallurg 10 no.6: ?
8-10 Js 165* (MIRA 18-~6

IV, r- 0 v
bllrirg -wat-;r and :1 s -~rl E-= n rontinu*-~!
furnana-i~ol6tnq
telcb.ln:~orru~ 28 no-4-3-5 .41) 165.

ME

CHERNOV. G.K., inzhener.
--w-wT ~-,- ,
Utilizing waste nitrogen in producing protective atmospheres.
Kislorod 10 no.2!36 157. (MLRA 10:9)
(Nitrogen) (Protective atmospheres)

CHYMOV...a 61,01pthener.
-MNWOMMMMM~
Vibration tube iwforssnee. TSement 23 n0.3:25-26 My-Je 157.
(MLRA 10:7)
1. Gidroonergaprow.
(Conveying machinery)

CFDWOV p G.I. . inzh,
.- V6tems of feeding gas to barners. Bezop. truda v prom. 2 no.llt
OOOOW~58-' (MIRA 11911)
(Gas burners)

CHERNOV, G.K.
Technical decisions concerning the conversion of the Novo-
chorlmak Electric Locomotive Plant to gas fuel. Gaa.prom.
no.10:34-37 0 '59. (MIRk 13:2)
(Novocberkask--Blectric locomotives)
(Gas ail fuel)

KUKOZZ, F.I., kand.tekbn.nauk; CHERNOV, G.K.., Itimli.; ~k)V, M.F., 'kand.
tokhn.nauk
Magnetic treatment ll,f Liquous solultdons. FToin. rnerc. -10 no.2:34-
36 1650 (MT-RA 1814)

/>
HICLINICHUX, Petr Ilekseyevich: CHIRNOF iriggriv, Vynvi2jj. SHKKRLING,
Klara Grigorlyerna; LYUDMV, B.P., redaktor: MEDRISH, D.M.,
tokhnichaskiy redaktor.
Egrganization and equipment of the food trade; a manual for
schools of Soviet commerce] Organizateita i tokhnika torgovli
proday.ol'styannymi tovarami: uchabnoe posobie dlia tekhuikumov
sovetskoi torgovIi. Moskva, Gos.izd-vo torg.lit~-ry
1957;:311 P.
IRA 1 11)
Mod industry)

'AUTHORS: Estulin, I. V Chernov G IJ SOV/,506-35-1-9/59
1
_
Pastukhova, =
TITLE: On the Mo99-Decay Scheme (0 skheme raspada Mn99
PERIODICAL: Zhurnal eksperimentallnoy i teoreticheskoy fiziki, 1958,
vol 35, Nr 1, pp 71 - 77 (USSR)
ABSTRACT: In a number of earlier papers the decay scheme of To 99
was already investigated at excitation enorgies of '140
and 142 keV (Refs 1-
), 180 and 922 keV (Refs 5-7), and
;
P-transitions of 10 (Refs 1,5,8). In the present paDer
the authors deal with the investigation of the angular
correlations of the 742 - 180 keV-y-quanta which are
emitted at the decay of 1.,1099. The decay scheme is given
in figure 1( levels: 922, (780), (509), 180, 142, 140 keV).
Figure 2 is a schematic representation of the measuring
arrangement used. It consists essentially of two
luminescence counters with stilb crystals of 20 mri thick-
ness and a photomultiplier FEU -19; the coincidence had
a resolving power of Z = 3.10-8sec. The luminescence crystals
Card 1/3 were housed in lead containers of 3 mm thickness. Control

99-Decay Scheme
On the Mo
SOV/56-35-1-9/59
0
tests were carried out with a Cs 137 source. Before the
window of the lead containers there were lead filters
of 1 mm thickness. Results for the transitions 922-180-0
keV (a 2 = coefficient of angular correlation, W(G)
correlation function),
3/2(D)5/2(Q)9/2 a2= -0,0714 W(~)/W(n/2): 900 1400 1650
T,-00 T,75 0,91
3~21QJ7/2~D~9/2 -0,0716 1,00 0,94 0,90
7 2 D 7 2 D 9 2 -0,0667 1,00 0,94 0,91
5 :2 Q 9 2(D)g 2 -0,119 1,00 0,90 0,84
5~2 D 7/2(111+E2)9/2 -0,17< a 2< +0-32
experiment -0,07 � 0,015 1,00 0,93+0, 02
&2, 0,92+ O'V
For i.e.the ratio of the emission intensities E241-
it holds that
(1+ s2 a = 0,050+0,097 S2+ 0,486 & The chemical separation
of Tc4~ showed that the P-transition in 1109 with E 1,23 h1eV
leads to an isomeric equilibrium in Tc99 P of
and (7:tl )010
the 140 keV intensity is not connected with the isomeric
Card 2/3 transition. In conclusion the authors thank I.S.Shapiro

On the Mo99-Decay Scheme
ASSOCIATION:
SUBMITTED:
SOV/56-351-1-9/59
for discussing results. There are 5 figures, 1 table, and
17 references, 5 of %hich are Soviet.
Institut yadernoy fiziki Moskovskogo gosudarstvennogo
universiteta (Institute of Nuclear Physics of I-Joscow
State Univorsity)
February 27, 1958
Card 3/3

S116616010001031031011
C111/C222
AUTHORS. Azlmov, S.A.,-Corresponding Member of the AS Uz SSR,
Chernov', G.M. aid.Chudakov, V.M.
TITLEt On the Investigatiog.gf the Angular Distribution of Shower Particles
in:.Nuclear__Int;r8~, `.'' /7
PERIODICALs Izvestiya Akademii nauk Uzbekskoy SSR, Seriya fiziko-matemati-
I cheskikh.nauki.-1960, No. 3, PP. 16 - 23
TEXTz -The authors ioin the results of (Ref. 1,2,3)-,Let cS be the velocity
0 c
of the- ~system.--of:_,the-: mass:: ceafter i cB. be, the~-velocity. of the particle in
8
this reference system-, let, m The paper contains a-theoretical in-
ve-stigation.of the angular distribution of the-shower particles for different
m /A . It is assumed.that there exists a reference system with a symmetrical
angular distribution of the shower particles with respect to the angle
Q* (S - system). The system of the laboratory is called L - system.
Card 1/2

On the Investigation of the Angular Distribution S/166/60/000/03/03/011
of Shower Particles in Nuclear Interactions 0111/C222
It is stated that the deviation of the number m from the value 1 for not too
large energies leads to an appearant asymmetry of the angular distribution
with respect to the angle in.an arbitrary reference system. At the other
2-
hand, here the anisotropy of the angular distribution in the S-system and the
mean value Z can be estimated if the weak dependence of the characteristics
of-the angular-distribution of m in,the..domain of-small ang1es-0 in.the
I - system is used. Different methods for the estimation of'ff havz to lead
to the same resu-Its and simultaneously show whether Iff >1 or ii nY2 (a-system); the conversion of 9 measur-
.ad in the laboratory system is carried out according to the equation
70 tan 9 tan (04'/2), where y a is the Lorentz factor. 0 is determined
-otan 91/. and -log tan 9, yo 7 = I [(?a)'+(Y
from ('Y, log (Tc)2 = 0 2 0)2]'
Fig. 1 shows the angular distribution in the e-system for secondary shover
particles, caused by charged particles a) for Y. < 3 (31 showers of 55),
and b) for 1. > 3. Farther, the dispersions for the angular distributiohe
were investigated along with the interrelation between y 0 and the number
of-the relativistic tracks na, (n 8 >~,5). The mean anisotropy of the
angular distribution of the particles in the a-system may quantitatively
be characterized by:
Card 2/4
13

88424
Angular Distribution of Shower Particles in S/056/60/O3q/oo6/ooq/663
Nuclear Interactions Between Past Nuolsone B006/BO56
and Heavy Nuolei.of Photographic Emulsions
n - I .
a [:L tan 0ij - (log (ni 1/2
Li-I j-1 0g tan 0),
where n is the number of charged secondary partio3s.s in the irtb-shower
with 0 < n/2, N is the number of showers, a is between 0.44 and 0.55.
The authors thank 0. B. Zhdanov for discussions..Zh. S. TakLb&yqv.i6;;
mentioned. There are 4 figures, 1 tables and 8 references; 5 Soviet, 2 US,
and 1 Italian
ASSOCIATION: Fiziko-tekhnidheskiy institut Akademii nauk Uzbekskoy SSR
(Institute of Physics and Technology of the Aoademy'of
Sciences of the Uzbekskaya SSR). Srednaaziatskiy
gosudarstvennyy universitet ((Soviet) Central Asia State
University)
SUBMITTED; June 27, 1960
Card, 3/4-

31067
S/166/61/000/006/008/010
B102/B138
AUTHORSt Azimov, S. A., Gorresponding Member AS Uzbekskaya SSR,
Nikishin, B, K., Chernova, L. P., Chernov, G. M., Chude3kov,
V, MI
TITLE. Investigation of the azimuthal angular distribution of
shower particles
PERIODICAL: Akademiya nauk Uzbekskoy SSR. Izvestiya. Seriya fiziko-
matematicheskikh nauk, no. 6, 1961, 65-76
TEXTs This is a continuation of previous studies, covering: investigation
of the influence of energy and momentum conservation law on the azimuthal
characteristics of secondary particles; study of azimuthal effects in the
collision of singly charged cosmic particles with heavy emulsion nuclei
(nh +ng~8) and in pN collisions of 9-Bev primary particles; comparison t'-11K
between theory and experiment. The influence of momentum conservation was
studied by evaluating experimental data on random stars imitating the
9-Bev pp collisions of statistical theory. The characteristic parameters
of the azimuthal angular distributions were found to be below the values
Card 1/3

31067
S/166/61/000/006/008/010
Investigation of the azimuthal ... B102/B138
expected for isotropic, The effect of energy and momentum conservation
decreases with increasing number of shower particles, Data from nuclear
emulsions exposed to 9-Bev protons at the Obl'yedinennyy institut yadernykh
iasledovaniy (Joint Institute of Nuclear Research) were used to study the
azimuthal effects in pN collisions. Most of the "jets" formed in the
emulsion by single charged cosmic particles were pN collisions and displayed
an azimuthal anisotropy of the secondary particles. The angular
distribution was less disturbed by azimuthal effects than was isotropy.
An azimuthal effect was found to be also present in collisions between
singly charged cosmic particles and heavy emulsion nuclei (n h+ng~ 8) ) but,
it was weaker than in "jets". This.is due to 'he number of nucleons in
the target nucleus, The azimuthal anisotropy of secondary particles is in
contradiction with the hydrodynamic theory of "Jet" formation but agrees
with the results of the two-center model. Conservation of angular
momentum has also to be taken into account. Some conclusions of the two-
center model are discussed.. Azimuthal anisotropy in'licates the presence
of high angular momentum of the excited centers, whicb can be assumed to
be rotating spheres, There are I figure- 4 tables, and 21 references:
Card 2/3

67
1
/100
S I-Y 611000100610081010
In7estigation of the azimuthai B102 B136
13 Soviet and a non-Soviet. The reference to the English-language
publication reads as followst W. L. Kraushaar, L. J. Marks, Phys. Rev. 93,
326) 1954.
ASSOCIATIONs Fiziko-tekhnicheskiy institut AN UzSSR (Physico-technical
Institute of AS Uzbekskaya SSR)
SUBMITTEDt ~'.rril 7, 1961
Card 3/3

ALIMARIN$ I.p.; yAKOVLLrV, ynV,; MCHULEP.NIKDV, M.N.; VLkSOV, D.A.;
CHERNQY,, G.M. SMW, -Th.A.
Radioactive deterniwtion-df impurities In hi94 purity
tWlivn. Zhurimal.kbim. 16 no.21213-QU Mr-Ap 161#
(MIRA 3-4: 5)
1, Vernadsky Institute of Goochemistry and Anaiitical Chemistry,
Academy of Sciences U.S.S.R.,, Moscow.
(Thal31=--Analysis)

3/046/62/026/001/01-5/018
B125/B102
AUTHORS: Malysheva, T, V., Moskaleira, L, P., CY~~ruy,_G. M
L. V.
TITLE: Study of neutron-deficient tantalum isotopes
PERIODICAL: Akademiya nauk SSSR. Izvestiya. Seriya fizi.cheskaya, v 26,
no. 1, 1962, 125 - 126
TEXT: The authors studied the neutron-deficient tantalum isotopes that
are formed in the spallation of gold by 660-Mev protons.. 0,,3 to O.~' mg
of metallic gold were irradiated for 30 - 60 min by the inner beam of the
synchrocyclotron of the OIYaI and, after dissolution in aqua Tegia,
extracted with ether. Tantalum was separated on an isotope carrIer in
the radiochemically pure form. Hafnium, the daughter, was senafated from
tantalum by 5 precipitations. The forming radioactive isotopes of
tantalum and hafnium were identified from their y-spectra by means of a
scintillation y-spectrometer with a 100-channel pulse analyzer (consisting
of a(03Y-C (FEU-S);~hotomultiplier with NaI crys;al) and from flh--~ energy
of P-radiation. T 75 was ob-served in the snallation Droducts of gold
Card 1/3

S/048/62/026/00'1/013/018
Study of neutron-deficient tantalum,,_ B1125/B102
by measuring the activity in the hafnium specimens during three monthsz
The decay curves indicate the existence of a component Hf175 with half
life of 70 days. Three months after hafnium had been separated frcm
tantalum 340- and 230-kev y-lines of Hf175 (half life 10 1* !hr) were
173
observed. HE with a half life of 24.15 hr detected in the daughter
emits the 120- and 300-kev y-lines., The tantalum activ.4ty conodsts of'
4 main components with the half Lives 1.12. 4, 12, and 5-41 hr~ The existence
of Ta173 in the spallation products of gold is confirmed by the half lives
4 and 12 hr. The Dapers (Ref. 4) published after the prosent experimenis
had been completed confirm the existence and the half ii.le of the Soto-)e
Ta173 discovered by the author,, There are 4 figu:,es and 4 referenc~e6.
1 Soviet and 3 non-Soviet. The three references -to Engl-ish-langliase
publications read as follows: Ref, !: Strominger D, Hollande_r j., 14,,
Seaborg G. T., Revs. Mod, Phys., 30, 585i (19581/; R,-f. 2, Miheii---h J.
Harmatz B., Handley T. H., Phys. Tev., 114. `082 (19"9); Ref., 4: Fal'er
J __7e65 `lq6o~_
K. T., Rasmussen T. O~ , Phys, Rev,., 116,
Card 2/3

S/048/62/026/001/013/018
Study of neutron-deficient tantalum ... B125/B102
ASSOCIATION: Institut geokhimii i analiticheskoy khimii im. V. 1.
VernadskogoAkademii nauk SSSR (Institute of Geochemistry
and Analytical Chemistry imeni V. I. Vernadskiy of the
Academy of Sciences USSR)
V
Card 3/3

!3/166/62/000/004/006/010
B112/Bie6
AUTHORSt Azimov, S. A., Chernova, L. P., Chernov, G..,.M.,
Chudakovf V. M.
TITLEs The nature of the interaction between fast nucleons-and
heavy nuclei
PERIODICAL: Akademiya nauk Uzbekqk6y SSR. Izvestiya. Seriya fiziko-
matematicheakikh nauk, no-. 4, 1962, 47 51
TNXTt The authors studied experimentally.the angular distribution
(5-system) of secondary particles in showers produced by charged particles.
They observed growth properties of the anisotropy*d which are qtLalitatively
inconsistent with theoretical representations crf the interaction between
a,nucleon and the flight-path "tube" of nuclear matter.- If, however,.thel
-brangement collisions of
model of peripheral interactions is applied to rea.
fast nucleons with-heavy nuclei the increase of anisotropy'in the S-system
can be explained as due to an increased number of nucleus-target nucleon.s~
participating in the collision, as well as to the formation of a great
number of ionized particles and the appearance of humps in shower
particles. There is I figure.
Card 1/2

S11661621000100410061016
The nature of the interaction... B112/BI86
ASSOCIATIONt Fiziko-tekhnicheskiy institut AN UzSSR (Physico-technical
InBtituto AS UzSSR)
SUBMITTEDs April 25, 1961
Card 2/2
6 0

ABDUZHAMILOV, Sh.; AZIMOV, S.A.; CHERNOVA, L.P.; CHOAKOV, V-K*
Azimuthal angular distribution Of shover particles producted
by cosmic ray particles in a photographic emulsion. Zhur. eksp.
i teor. fiz. 45 no.3:4(77-4-14 S 163. OM 16: 10)
1. Institut yadernoy fiziki AN Uzbekskoy SSR.
(Photography, Particle track)
(Cosmic rays)

ACCESSION NRt AP4042364 S/0056/64/047/001/0024/0029
AuTHoRs: Abduzbamilov, Sh.; AziMoV, S. A.; Chernova, L. p.;.Chernov,.
_ffiR; Chudakov, V. M.
TITLEt Angular distributions of secondary particles in pK colli-
sions at 24 BeV energy
SOURCEs Zh. eksper. i'teoro fiz., v. 47, no. 1,,1964, 24-29
TOPIC TAGS: pion scattering, angular distribution, nucleon scat-
tering, dispersion analysis, nuclear emulsion
ABSTRACT: The research was undertaken because asymmetric emission
of particles was observed in nucleon-nucleon collisions at energies
of several hundred BeV (V. V. Guseva et al., Izv. AN SSSR, Ser. fiz.,-,
v. 26, 549, 1962. N. A. Dobrotin et al., Nuclear physics v. 35, 152,
1962). The statistical method of dispersion analysis (the F test)
is used to check the hypothesis of independent secondary-particle
1/3

ACCESSION NR: AP4042364
.emission angles in inelastic pN interactions involving primary pro-
ttons of equal energy E and equal numbers n of charged secondary
.particles. The experimental values of i for pN interactions at
;24 BeV and for 4-9 charged secondary particles conflict with this
;hypothesis and indicate nonuniformity of I the angular distributions
,in the laboratory system. This nonuniformity cannot be accounted
.:for by momentum conservation in knock-or~ collisions,.and is associated
;with the article production mechanism in peripheral interactions.
P
;The efficiency of the F-test for determining nonuniform angular dis-..
',tribution in the laboratory system was checked by investigating the
random stars obtained/from a somewhat diffei:ent model of NN inter-
.;actions at 300 BeV, by obtaining the spectrum of meson cloud veloci-'~
ties in the center of mass system and the secondary-particle energy
;spectrum, in the rest system of the meson cloud. An accelerated on-
'ftrack scanning of plates bombarded with 24-BeV protons in the CERN
accelerator has shown that for the stars observed in the emulsion
:the most values of F exceed unity, meaning that the emission angles.
,of the secondary particles are not independent at least for some

ACCESSION NR! AP4042364
;values of n. The.nonuniformity of the angular distributions is
similar to the asymmetric c.m.s. particle emission observed in NN
collisions at -10 1 ev.. The peripheral interactions at E-24 BeV
,remains dominant up to a multiplicity n = 9. "The authors are
~grateful to W. 0. Lock for collaborating in the acquisition of the
,photographic plates exposed in the CERN accelerator." Orig. art.
-has: 2 figures and 19 formulas.
,ASSOCIATION: Institut yadernoy fiziki Akademii.nauk Uzbekskoy SSR
(Institute of Nuclear Physics, Academy of Sciences, Uzbek SSR)
.SUBMITTED.- 23Jan64 ENCL: 00
SUB CODE: NP NR REF SOV: 003 OTHER: 001
3/3

- .~ - ~ . I I - . . . -
.. . - . , .. ..,;. I. -i ~ I I

1 - -- , - I II
I , ---
1- -,. " _,. -

-
711- - I - I -,. .--
C, ';

ACC'ESSTCM ?M!
Be len
he J-aLer--
MP .2 1- 1 FL
r,"K
M-F he
o t. rruc

--------------
Ian n.
no~
E on 01--
"Ut"10-
F. t i o
r 9,7 PP.--ti-2eE!. a~-'i no ca.-
A
ns n-,
T

AEDMHAMILOVy Shq BELENIKIYp VA; CHERNOVA, L.P.;.C
.MLO~j G
Angular distribution of shower particles in collisions of 24
Bev, Prot-" with rmaleons and nuolei of a pbotoemulsiom,
lov. AN to. SSR. Ser, fiza-mato nauk 9 noolg98-104 ~656
MRA M6)
1, Institut yadernoy f-..z-'kA- AN L'zSSR.

L
NR. AP6023083 f'1N) SOURCE CODE: IJR/0367/66/-00-3-/004/0657/0662
AUTHOR: Abduzhamilov. Sh.; Azimov, S. A.; Chernova, L. P.; Chernov, G. M.;
Chudakov, V. M.
IVY
ORG. In'stitute of Nuclear Physics, Academy of Sciences, Uzbek SSR (Institut /111~
yadernoy fiziki akademii nauk uzbekskoy SSR) 2
TITLE: Coherent interaction of high-energy proton C'Uh complex nuclei
SOURCE: Yadernaya fizika, v. 3, no. 4, 1966, 657-662
TOPIC TAGS: proton, high energy protin, photoemulsion, nucleon, particle
interaction, proton interaction, inelastic interaction
ABSTRACT: The authors use a method proposed in a previous work [Sh. Abdu-
zhamilov, S. A. Azimov, L. P. Chernova, G. M. Chernov, V. M. Chudakov
ZhETF, 47, 24, 1964] to find and analyze in detail the differences between the
angular distributions of secondary particles in showers formed by high-energy
protons and satisfying the necessary selection criteria for pp and pn collisions in
1/2

L 4533.4-66
ACC NRi AP6
photo emuls ions. These differences are easily explained by the inclusion of
coherent interactions. The method of research is also explained in detail.
Experimental data are presented and discussed. The results are discussed of
processing the showers formed in photoemulsions by protons with 24 gev and
satisfying the necessary criteria of selection of pn collisions. Measurements have
been made previously by the authors, the number of particles being n :~t~ 4. The
differences found indicate the possible existence of coherent interactions of protons
with complex nuclei among the showers with three and four secondary charged
particles at 10 and 24 gev. The authors also used measurements made at the
Laboratory of High Energies of the Joint Nuclear-- Research Institute (OlYal) during
investigation of inelastic pn interactions of protons with an energy of 10 gev with
free and quasi-free nucleons of the photoemulsion. The authors are grateful to
V. 1. Veksler for permission to use the experimental data obtained at the LVE
2lYal, and to M. L Patigorptakiy-for discussions of the work. Orig. art. has:
2 figures, 15 formulas, and 1 table. [GC]
SUB CODE: 20/ SUBM DATE: 12Mar65/ ORIG REF: 002/ OTH REF: 001/
2/2

A ~golo
SOURCE CODE:
AUTHOR: Vinogradov, A. P.; Swkvv
Yu. A.;_Chernov,__G.___M.; arn ozov, F. F.;
Nazarkina, G.-B
ORG., Institute of Gsochemist~Z and Analytical Chemistry im. V. I. Vernadakiy,
AN SSSR_W_ (Institut . geokhimii i analiticheskoy khijaii AN
T "Y
TITLE: ~basurement of ama-radiation of the lunar surfac?b the Luna-10 spaceship
[Paper presented at the Seventh 005PAR Meeting held ET71-enna in may 19661
SOURCE: Geokhimiya, no. 8, 1966.. 891-899
TOPIC TAGS: radiation measurement, ganma radiation, moon,, lunar probe,
scinti-Ilition spectrometer
ABSTRACT: The spaceship Luna-10 placed into a selenocentric orb-L
t-on 3 April
1~966, was equipped with a 32-channel scintillation spe_C1rQM_V1Vx\(o investi-
gate the intensity -and spectral composition d~,(-radiation.;mitted from the
lunar. surface. The absence of an atmosphere-15-u-M-c-1-Untly dense to absorb
Y-rays makes it possible for a spaceship in lunar orbit to register 'Y-radiation.'
However, the counting rate measured from an orbiting spaceship decreases
as a result, of a.de-crease in-the solid angle subtended by the visible surface-'.
Card

L 04702-67
ACC NR, AP0028010
of the Moon, which was 0. 9 7F at periselene and 0. 467, at aposelene- inthe
initial orbit.
It is known that the content of natural radioactive elements (U, Th, K40
in terrestrial rocks decreases from acidic to basic to ultrabasic rocks and
that the decrease covers a range of several orders of magnitude. ThereforeP
it was expected that it would be possible to determine the type of rocks
present in the lunar surface from the relative content of U, Th, and K
established from the the y-ray spectrum. In conducting the experiments, the
fact that the level of Y-radiation from natural radioactive elemdnts can
be lower than the level of Y-radiation produced during the interaction of
primary cosmic particles (primarily protons) with the lunar surface was taken
into account. by analyzing the characteristic Y-rays emitted during the
interaction.
Instrument5Lion
f
The measurements were made with a scintillation spectrometer
consisting of a 3 x 4-cm NaI(Tl) cylindrical crystal y-ray detector -with an
FEU-16 photomultiplier and a pulse-height analyzer. To eliminate the back-

L 04702-67
Att--14' --A-P6-O'--28'-O-'I--O
ground from charged particles, the NaI(n) crystal was enclosed in a container
of a thin plastic scintillator. The pulses generated by charged particles were
registered by the NaI(n) crystal and the plastic scintillator and were then
separated from the pulses generated by -t-rays which went p?-actically-
unregistered by theplastic scintillator.
The scintillatiOn spectrometer recorded Y-ray spectra in the energy
ranges between 0. 3--i-3.1 and 0.15-~-l. 5 Mev. The switching of energy ranges
was performed by Oound command. The detector and the analyzer of the
spectrometer were lo6ated ia a hermetically sealed compartment under a shell
1 g/CM2 thick.
ii
F-Meyiq~ental ;te~ults
Six Y-ray spectr4L in the energy range 0. 3-3.1 Mev were obtained during
t4e first month of operation of Luna 10. In addition, the integrated intensity
dt Y-radiation in the same energy range was obtained at approximately
)-P':points.. The measurements were conducted over relatively wide surface
~ar'eas covering the continents and the seas on both the light and the dark
sides of the'Moon.. The height and the approximate selen6graphic coordinates-
3/15

L 04702-67
ofthe regions above which. the spectra were measured are given in Table 1.
Table 1. The Height Above the Lunar Surface and the Selenocentric
rnmy-Ainn+P9 n? tbp Rp2ionR Above Which Measurements Were Made
a
Fig. 1 (ourve 1) shows one of the primary y-ray-s-pectra spectrum No. 3
in Table 1), taken above the dark side of theMoon. The background due to
Card 4/15

No. of

spec-
Date and time

of measurement verafe
ig b
iR
abo Selenogra h'

fDe1c
latitud.

)
Selenograjhic

lon it d (Deg)
trum surface Start End Start I -End
1 5Apr 19 h 26 m 350 +70 [phone]
2 5 Air 20 h 11 m -600 -22 -4o 272 279
3 8Pqr 4 h'45 M 700 -47 _63* 253 273
4' 9Apr 1h 37 m 600 -53 -64 252 2.72
5 .1kr 12 h 45 m 600 +30 [phone]
6 4r, 13 h 56 m looo -58 -45 208 220

1, 04/02-67
01 o
Card 5/15"
4'
Q
Energy (Mev)
4g. 1. Gamma-ray spectra obtained by Luna 10 vhile
in orbit around the Moon and along the trajectory of
the flight from the earth to the Moon

L 04702-67
C NR, AP6028010
1'- y-ray spectrum of the lunar rocks together with
the background; 2 I-ray spectrum of the background
due to interaction of cosmic rays with the material of
Luna 10 corrected for the screening by the Moon; 3 and
4 - same spectra as those given by I and 2, respectively,
recalculated to represent measurements which would be
taken at the surface of the Moon. The errors shown are
root-mean-square errors.
interaction of cosmic rays with the substance of Luna 10, taking the screen-
ing by the moon into account, is also shown inY ig. 1 (curve 2).
Compared to the counting rate of -,x-rays measured along the flight
trajectory, the counting rate in orbit argund the Moon increased by 30-40%.
As a result of the screening effect of the Moon, the background due to
irradiation of the spaceship by cosmic particles near the Moon decreases
and is equal to about 78-891o of the background encountered along the trajec- I
tory of the flight. The background spectrum was measured during t~e night
L Card

ACC_'NRI_-A:P602-801--O-
Iof Luna 10 toward the Moon at a distance of about 230, 000 km from theEartho
-The principal part of the *Y -ray background registered is associated with
-inelastic interactions of charged particles with the substance of Luna 10 and i
is not primary cosmic -Y-radiation. The natural radioactivity was small due
to the small amounts of K, Th, and U present in the spaceship. There were
no radioactive sources aboard the Luna 10., Fig. 1 also shows curves cal-
culated so as to represent measurements that would be obtained directly at
surface of the Moon. Curve 3 in Fig. I shows the Y-ray spectrum at
the lunar surface together with the background due to irradiation of the space-
.ship, while curve 4 in Fig. 1 shows the background alone.
Fig. 2 (curve 1) shows the spectrum of Y-radiation of lunar rocks
(after subtraction of the background) 'obtained by Lunar 10 while in orbit.
:'This curve represents the difference between spectra represented by curves
1 and 2 of Fig. 1. Fig. 2 shows that the lunar x-ray spectrum differs con-
oiderably from the spectrum of Y-radiation emitted by the surface of the
-E:arth [not shown], the shape of which is primarily determined by the content
of natural radioactive elements in the rocks. A distinguishing feature of the
lunar Y -ray spectrum is its relatively flat slope and large number of ....
7/15

ACC NR: AP6028010 Y V
:0.51 Annihilation peak
Fig. 2. Gamma-ray spectrum 'of lunar
rocks obtained by Luna 10 while in
4~ orbit around the Moon
W~ 1 .1 - y-ray spectrum of lunar cocks with-
"4 the background substracted from the
curve; .2 -' y-ray spectrum associated
:3 with the interaction of cosmic rays
0 i I I
*with lunar rocks (prompt y-radiation
mid decay of cosmogenic isotopes),
0
3 - spectrum of y-radiation associated
with decay of natural radioactive
elements K, Th, and U contained in
2 lunar rocks.
tA3
43
177
0 f, 77
1, 31~ 1, 11
6
Energy, -(Me"v,)
F

L 04702-67
F
N%
r hard Y-rays with energies in excess of 1. 5 Mev while the spectrum of natural
radioactive elements is characterized by a steep slope at higher energies
and the absence of -t-rays with energies greater than 2. 62 Mev. This shows
that most Y-radiation from the lunar surface is not associated with the.
natural radioactivity. of U, Th, *and K40 but is the result of the interaction of.
cosmic rays with the lunar substance and the decay of cosmogenic isotopes.
Table 2 shows ~ie characteristic Y-rays identified from the lunar.
Y-ray spectra-and the principal nuclear reactions involving the probable
constituent elements (if lunar'rocks. It can be seen from Table 2 that 0,
Si, Al, and Mg 'are likely the most widely distributed element$ in lunar.
rocks.
'Table 2. Energies o.f Gamma Rays Identified From the Lunar.
Gqmmrk-R&v S-Dectra
ergy

M
(Mev) Principal Nuclear Reactions Causing Emission of
-Characteristic Gamma-Rays

-7 (p,p'j) A127, Sill (p,2p-,),X127. Fell (p.p'-() Fell
A
P

A127
p.pi. -f) A126, Sill (p,2pnj) A124
1
137
1:78 M-11 big,4. All? (p,ply,) hig", Sist (ppjtj),%1g2
-%I~' .21 (r.*px-),Xe". Alt' p.2py) MgO, Sill (p,p'-[) Sill
)3
;:61
2
O16tjP,'.Vw-,)Nl4, Mg"(Ppl- hig23, Mgl1(p.2pT)Na23. Al11(p.MnT)Mgl3

"-.A QA r,

L 04702-67
ACC NR: AP6028010
Sificie the lunar surface is exposed to constant interaction with cos
mic
rays, all of the cosmogenic radioisotopes should be in radioactive equilibrium.
Therefore, both long-lived and short-lived radioisotopes should be radio-
active, and their content should be proportional to the effective cross sec-
tion for their production. Calculations show that the main contribution to
'Y-ray emission is made by the decay of the following cosmogenic isotopes:
,0 14 (TV2 = 72 see, E 2. 31 Mev) 019 (Ti /2 = 27 see, E = 1. 37 Mev),
20 Y 22 Y
F Na (Ti/2 = 2. 6 hr'
TI/z = 10. 7 see, E y 1. 63 Mev , EY = 1. 28 Mev
Na~' M/2 = 15 hr. E (= 1. .37 Mev and 2. 76 Mev). These radioisotopes are
formed with a considerable yield in nuclear reactions involving the same
rock-f orming elements: Mg, Al, and Si.
The peak at 0. 51 Mev, which is especially pronounced in the lunar
Y -ray spectra measured in the energy range 0. 15-L 5 Mev, is produced
by Y-radiation emitted during annihilation. -
Analysis of the results shows that the Y-radiation intensity corrected
for the difference in height is practically constant above the different regions'
of the lunar surface (intensities did not differ by more than 4016). This can
p r ob abl y b e attributed to the fact that the main source of Y-rays is cosmic
radiation. A preliminary analysis shows that the total dose rate of
qq,d 10115

L 04702-67
ACd-'-N Rt_A_F~66&0_Jd_
y-radiation above the lunar surface is somewhat higher than the d'oGe rate
above the rocks of the Earth I s crust. The dose rate of Y-radiation
,emitted by the lunar surface is roughly 1. 5 - 2 times .- greater than that emitted
by terrestrial granites (14)jr/h).
An evaluation of~ the natural radioactivity and the concentration of
natural radioactive elOments can be made by substracting the effect of
~ -radiation produced in the ineraction of cosmic rays with lunar rocks
from the overall lunarY-ray spectrum. Although the exact shape of the Y-ray
spectrum induced by cqsmic. rays is unknown, approximate results, can be
obtained by using the shape of the spectrum obtained along the flight trajec-
tory of Luna 10 from the Earth to the Moon. Curve 2 in Fig. ~ shows the
spectrum of -*-radiation from the Moon produced by cosmic rays, determined-
by, combining the Y-ray spectra obtained along the flight trajectory with the
Y-ray spectrum of the lunar rbeks in the energy range exceeding 2 Mev (the
cor4ribution of the natural isotopes is almost zero). This approximation is
jusIiffied only if the Y-ray spectra induced by cosmic rays iin the spaceship
and in the lunar rocks have the same shape and differ only in intensity. This
.assumption was demonstrated to be JIbstified by both theoretical calculations
'and modeling experiments performed by the. authors. The validity of this

`L 04707-b7
ling
assumption follows from the fact that the sp.~ceship and its components were
made of light alloys of Si, Al, and Mg with very little Fe, i. e., the dominant
elements in the composition of rocks. Curve 3 in Fig. 2, obtained by sub-
tracting curve 2 from curve 1, shows the-y-ray spectrum produced by'fhe
decay of natural radioactive elements. Fig. 2 shows that 9016 of the intensity
of gamma radiation emitted by lunar rocks is produced by radioactivity
induced by cosmic rays and no more than 1076 by decay of K, Th, and U.
Prior to the flight the Y-spectrometer aboard ihe spaceship was pre-
calibrated using samples with a measured amount of K, Th, and U and also
with rock samples containing different amounts of these elements. This
procedure made it possU~le to calculate the -f-ray spectra, which should be
obtained by the orbiting spaceship, emitted by rocks with different amounts
of natural radioactive elements (it'was assumed that the radiation produced'
:by cosmic rays is absent). Fig. 3 shows such spectra which would be
*obtained at a height of 350 km with the background'subtra'cied from the
I:spectrum. The hatched areas correspond to range of ooncentrations of
radioactive elements for given types of rock, The average values of con-
centrations of K, Th, and U were taken from a paper by A. P. Vinogrr adov
(Geokhimiy4, no...YA 196.2).
Carcl U/15

1, U&4/U!-D/
ACC-NR. .AP602tbfC~-*
Comparison of the lunar -y-ray spedtra with those of terrestrial rocks
!with a known content of K, Th, and U shows that at least in the,regions of
Ahe Moon over which measurements were conducted there are no rocks on
the lunar surface; or at a depth not exceeding 27 cm, containing the same
amount of K, Th, and U as do the acidic terrestrial rocks, such. as gran-
ites. The intensity of y-radiation due to natural radioactivity (Fig. 2,
icurve 3) tends to indicate the presence of basic rocks such as basalts.
However, at the prese'nt time it is impossible to exclude the possibility that
the concentration of natural radoactive elements was estimated a-bit too high.
It is interesting to note that tektites, which have almost the same composi-
#on and amounts of U, Th, and K 1~~s acidic rocks, cannot be of lunar origin.
Conclusions
The main results obtained from the measurements of the intensity
d spectral composition of -f--radiation by the Luna 10 can be summarized
f 011 ow S.,
1. The overall level of Y-radiation of the lunar surface slightly exceeds that
of the Earth. Preliminary results show that the intensity of Y-radiation of
Card

L 04702-67-
ACC NR, AN
to
_P
bo 10~
0
0
10
Fig. 3. The y-ray spectra of lunar rocks
which would be observed by a spaceship in
.tes orbit around the Moon. The spectrum was
,calculated from the y-ray spectra of
natural radioactive elements on the assump-
tion that the relative contents.of K, Th,
and U in lunar rocks correspond to those
occurring in the most important terrestrial
rocks.
it 77 Z-01 Energy.o
Y-.rsys (Mey

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A U28016--_
ACC NR: _P6
the surface of the Moon is 20-30 V r /h.
2. About 90% of the Y-rays emitted by the surface of the Moon is produced
during interaction of cosmic rays'with lunar substance (prompt Y-raLys and
decays of cosmogenic isotopes).
3. The basic rock-forming elements of the lunar surface are believed to be
6, Mg, Al, and Si,
4. No difference wa's noted in intensity of -y -rays emitted by different re-
gions of the lunar surface including the seas and the continents (variation of
intensity did not exceed 4016).
5. The decay of K, Th, and U in lunar rocks does not contribute more than
1076 to the total Y-ray emission of the lunar surface.
6. Comparison of the intensity of Y-radiation from the decay of natural
radioactive elements K, Th, and U with the results obtained by a calibrated
in'strument from terrestrial rocks shows that the concentration of radioactive.
elements in lunar rocks is close ~o_ that of basic terrestrial rocks and differs
-greatly from acidic rocks. However, it can not be posiUvely stated that the
lunar surface contains no ultrabasic (meteoritic) substance. At the present
time an attempt is being made to determine the relative content of 0, Mg, Al,
and Si in lunar rocks from the available -Y-ray spectra produced in interac-
tions with cosmicray s. Orig. art. has: 3 fi gures and3 tables [FSB- v. 2,'n..
SUB CODE: 22 SUBM DATE: 24Jun66 / ORIG PXF: 002
iv
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4 SOURC3 CODY: .UR/662~61661170/0~6~/0561/60,~7i
1 ACC NRt AP7005 49
X%J71101: Vinorxadov, A. P. (Academician); Surkov, Yu. A.; Chornov. Go No
OL'ZG: DlStit&w of G06c'4,3rn,-try ard Analytical Chemistry im. V. 1. Vornadsicly, All SSSR~'
(Institut gooldiimi i analitichoskay Idiinii All SSSR)
TIM33: Lwostigations of the intensity and spectral compouition of lunar aamma.'
radiation on the automatic atation "Luna-1011
5Oj-,JCS: JUN SSSR. Doldady, v. 170, no. 3, 1966, 561-564
TOPIC TAGS: ramma speetruzzi, gamma spectrozwtor, scintillation spoctrometor,
bxro=stralilung, coside radiation, moson, lunar satellite, photomaltiplior/Luna-10
lunar satellite, nu-l6 photomultiplier
1J.13STRACT: "Dana-1011 carried a scintillation Samma spectrometer idth a detector of
'Y-radiatulon; this was a Nal(Tl) crystal measuring 30 x 40 mm, connoctod to a i-w-16--
photw=1tipUer, and a pulse amplitudo*analyzor. The instrumnt made it possible
to -roasure the spectrwi of 'f-radiation against a background of charged particlos.
~The instrumint recorded the spectrum of -r-radiation in two ranGos: from 0.*3 to-3.1
!-.eV and from 0.15 to 1-5 Mov. During the first month of oporation of "Luna-101, it
:was possible to obtain 6 spectra of T-radiation in the eneray range from 0-3 to 3-1
1 1-16V. In addition, at approximately 15 points the intensity of Y-radiation was moa-
sured in this- sam range of energies. The measurements covered rather ortensivo areas'.
of the surface, including both the "continental' and "Deas" on both the v:Ls:Lb2a and
far sides. Analywis of the form of the lunar -r-apeotra revealed that they :Liffor
Card 112

ACC NR, AP7005449
considerably from the spectra of terrestrial Y-~-t--!-_*fItion,-whose form is doterdzed
for the most part by the content of natural radioactivu Onmnts in rock. For tho
-Y ii c
noon the V=ter part of the -radiation is that arising dur: jG ~ --toraction of coL;,-d
-he pr3.nu.L
rays iTith lunar matter and from the decay of cosmogenic radioisotope . z --
I 1.7a
contribution is from the folloicing cosmogenic isotopos: 014, 019. 0, INa22, and "'
Table 1 gives the energy of ganma rays identified in the lu nar gar= spectrum. In
addition to nuclear reactions leading to the emission of characteristic Y-quanta
(imstantanoousT-ratdiation and the decay of cosmogonic isotopos) there is so=o con-
tribution from processes of the decay of 7emosons and the brerwstrahlung of olec-
trons and protons. Preliminary data indicate that the total intensity of gar=
radiation on the lunar surface exceods the intensity over-the rocks of the earth's
crust by 1.5-2 tines and changes little from one part of the lunar surface to another.'
About 90,14* of the gamma radiation of lunar rocks can be attributed to the effect of
cosmic rays arA not more than 10% is due to the decay of K, 1111h w-id Us Origo art.
bas: 1 figure arA I table. fjPRs: 38.6727
SUB cwz: 22, 18, 20 SM DATit 23.Tw-,66 ORITG REFz 003
L Card 21Z