SCIENTIFIC ABSTRACT BREYDO, I. I. - BREYDO. M. G.

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: Scientific Abstracts
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP86-00513R000306910013-8
• Release Decision: RIF
• Original Classification: S
• Document Page Count: 100
• Document Creation Date: November 2, 2016
• Document Release Date: June 9, 2000
• Sequence Number: 13
• Publication Date: December 31, 1967
• Content Type: SCIENCEAB

S/560/61/000/009/001/009
The identification of authentic objects 1)045/Dll4
Since the Moon, at the moment of photographing, was almost in its
full phase,
a larger part of the observed formations is distinguished from the
surround-
ing area by its albedoe Therefore, the map-chart of the Moonts far
side
should be regarded as a chart of areas with different reflectivity
and not
as a relief map. Kh. I. Potter and T. A. Polozhentseva are
th,-Mked for
assistance in calculating coordinate data. There are 2 fiu-ures, 3
tables
and 3 references: 1 Soviet-bloc mid 2 non-Soviet-bloc. The
English-lan8u-n-se
reference is: H, P, Wilkins, P. Moore, The Ifoon,.L,, 1955.
SUBIMITTED: January 21, 1961
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S/081/61/000/022/053/076
B100147
AUTHORS: 21lydoL 1. I._, Markelova, A. A.
TITLE; Hypersensitization of infrachromatic plates
PERIODICAL: Referativnyy zhurnal. Khimiya, no. 22, 1961, 380,
abstract
22L334 (Zh. nauchn. i prikl. fotogr. i kinematogr., v. 6,
no. 1, 1961, 19 - 26)
TEXT: The hypersensitizing treatment of non-sensitized and
optically
sensitized photographic plates by means of water and ammonia
solutions
under different conditions was studied. It was found that the
hypersen-
sitization by means of water is not only due to the washing out
of the
bromine ions from the layer but also to the action of the water
or of an
aqueous ammonia solution on the sensitizing dye. It is assumed
that in
this connection oxidation products of the dyes having a
desensitizing
effect are washed out. [Abstracter's note: Complete
translation,]
Card 1/1

37929
S103516WW0100510191098
A055/A1O1
AUTHORS: Breydo, I. I.; Markelova, A. A.
TITLE: Increasing the photosensitivity of photographic materials
by means
of their preliminary illumination
PERIODICAL: Referativnyy zhurnal, Astronomiya i Geodeziya, no. 5,
1962, 17,
abstract 5AI51 ("Izv. Gl. astron. observ. v Pulkove", i961, 22,
no. 4, 195 - 205,.English summary)
TEXT: To investigate the effect of a short preliminary
illumination on
the.light-senrpitvity and on the contrast-coefficient 6' of
several photographic
materials used in astrophotography, the "stepped wedge" of a MP
-4 (FSR-4)
sensitometer was exposed on them, with the exposure varying from
0.05-to 3,000 M-
The supplementary illumination of the photographic material
before or after the
main one was uniform with 0.05 see exposure. It was shown that,
for some of the
photographic materials, the short preliminary t1lumination up to
a background-
density 0.3 - 0.5 causes a considerable (2 to 3 times) increase
of the light-
sensitivity, especially at main exposure4 of long duration. At
the same time,
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S/035/62./000/005/019/098
Increasing the... A055/A101.
the initial section of the characteristic curve extends and the
g-of the photo-
graphic material decreases. Therefore, such a method for
increasing the sensitiv-.
ity is particularly interesting in the cases when it is necessary
to detect a
detail having a low brightness. This fact is illustrated by
neon-lamp spectrum
photographs obtained, respectively, on preliminary illuminated
and nonilluminated
Agfa Spektral rot rapid plates. Investigation was made of the
dependence of the
sensitivity increase effect upon the background-density up to
which the photo-
graphic material was preliminarily illuminated, upon the duration
of the main
illumination.upon the duration of the dark pause between the
preliminary and main
illuminations and upon the wavelength of the acting light. For
three of the
eleven investigated photographic materials, the preliminary
illumination did not
increase'the light-sensitivity or caused only a slight increase
of it. There
I
are 17 references.
I. Breydo
[A~ptracterls~rnotd: Complete translation]
Card P_/2

A
AUTHOR:
TITLE:
S/035/62~~00/005/020/098
A055IA101
Breydo, 1. 1.
Investigation of the Eberhardt development-effect
PERIODICAL: Referativnyy zhurnal, Astronomiya i Geodeziya, no. 5,
1962, 18,
abstract 5A154 ("Izv. Gl. astron. observ. v Pulkove", 1961, 22,
no. 4, 206 - 214,.English summary)
TE)CT: The Eberhardt development-effect was investigated by
microphotometry
of contact prints of lines of various width and of images of a
stepped platinum
attenuator placed before the ihput slit of the spectrograph. it
was shoum that
the development-effect for narrow lines (i.e. the exaggerated
density of narrow
lines in comparison with the'-wide ones) is more pronounced than
the Eberhardt
"edge-effect". The Eberhardt effect is considerable for highly
sensitive coarse-
grained materials; it is small for low-sensitivity fine-grained
materials. The
magnitude of the Eberhardt development-effect depends to a great
extent on the
developer mixing conditions and on the sharpness of the edge of
the image. In
practice, the Eberhardt effect can lead to considerable errors in
the photometry
Card 1/2

S/035/6P-/000/005/020/098
A055/A101
Investigation of the Eberhardt development-effect
of fine details of images with a sharp edge, or of narrow emission
spectral
lines.
I. Breydo
[Abstracterts note: Complete translation]
Card P_/2

BREID 0, B*Av
Intensification of faint satellite tracks by subsequent
illilmination of the negative.
Biul.sta.opt.nabl.isk.sput Zen.
no.25:3-5 162. il-JIFA 15-7)
1. Glavnaya astronomicheakaya (Pulkovskaya)
observatoriya AN 53SR.
(Astronomical photography)

BRE, YDO 1. 1. - GAVRILOV G.A* GUREVICH, Sao
Measuring the "Signal-to-noise"Iratio in photography.
Zhur.nauch.i
prikl,fot. i kin. 7 no.3:221-223 My-Je 162. (MM 153-6)
1. Glavnaya astronomicheslm~m observatoriya AN SSSR i Fiziko-
teldmicheskly institut All SSSR imeni A. F.Ioffe.
(Photographic sensitometry)

GUREVICH, S.B.; BREYDO I.I.; GAVRILOV, G.A.
Dependence of photographic noises on the relative amount of
developed grains. Zhur.nauch.i prikl.fot.i kin. 7 no.4:306-
308 Jl-Ag 162. (MIRA 15:8)
1. Fiziko-tekhnicheskiy institut AN SSSR i Glavnaya
astronomicheskaya obaervatoriya Akademii nauk SSSR.
(Photometry) (Photographic emulsions)

ACMSION Wit AP3003607 8/0077163/Oq8/A/0284/0292
AUTHORSs Breydo, I. I.; Gavrilov, Go A.,11urevich, So B,j MarkelovasA,
A,
TITLEs
rials
Photographic noise and the sigma/noise ratio of various photographic
mate-
SOURGEs Zhurnal nauchnoy i prikladnoy fotografii i kinmatografii, ve
8. no, 4.
19639 284-292
TOPIC 'WS: photographyA noises photographic noises signal/lAoise
ratio., photo-
grpphic material, MF-4 raicrophotometers K14VL 1 quadratic
miLlivoltiater, H 95
miFroamperemeters Agfa photo plates Ilford photo plates photographic
films Hikrat
film., MVwat 200 film., Mik4rat 30D film
ABSTRACT: This work was carried out in order to measure the intensity
of noise
and the signal/noise ratio of various photogr4hic materials. It was
assumed that
noise intensity was related to the kranalarity of material, i.e., the
number of
,the exposed grains in a uniformly illuminated section of the film,
The experimen-
tal assembly consisted of a modernized MF-4 microphotometer, a KHVL_j
quadratic
millivoltmeter
and a M-95 microamperometer, Agfa plates and Ilford plates used
Card 1/2

Acassiom NRs Anoo%w
in astronomy and, spectroscopy, wA Various type of film (iNIWUM HWAt
films)
were studied. It was established thatt 1) the noise intensity showed a
3- to 4-
fold variation during the transition from fine- to coarse-grained
materiLUj 2)
the strongest noise variation was observed in the negative materialal
3) noise
intensity of fine-grained negative materials differed little from that
of posit:Lve
material.91 4) the signal/noise rati6 at a given film-blackening
density depended
strongly on the intensity of the fog, For this reason some materials
of equal
granularity had different signal/noiee ratios. Orig. art. hast 3
tables and 6
figures.
ASSUGIATIONs Giwrnaya astronomicheskaya observatoriya AN SSSR (Main
Astronomio
Observatory AN SSSR); Fiziko-tokhnicheakiy, institut AN SSSR
(Institute of Physics
-and Technology AN 6=)
SUBMITTED: 23Jul62
SUB CODNt PH
Card 2/2
DATE ACQv 02Aug63
NO RJW SDVs OD6

ACCESSION NR: AT4012208 S/2797/63/023/002/0167/0174
AUTHOR: Breydo, I. I.; Markelova A. A.; Firago, B. A.
TITLE-: Increase in the sensitivity of photographic!film'by
post-exposure for
:,use in photographing artificial earth satellites.
.SOURCE: Pulkovo. Astron. observ. Izvestiya, v. 23, no. 2(173),
1963, 167-174.
TOPIC TAGS: artificial earth satellite, satellite Iphotography,
photography, pan-
chromatic film, post-exposure, film sensitivity, photographic image
iABSTRACT: Three highly sensitive panchromatic films were
investigated in a study
iof the effectiveness of prolonged additional post-exposure
folloving an initial
!exposure of about 0.01-0.05 second. The objective was to enhance
the sensitivity
:of film used in photographing artificial earth satellites. The
subeenters of the
latent imawe formed during the bizief initial exposure, that is,
the particles of
~inetallic silver too small for direct development, vill increase
to the critical
.size of latent ifaage centers under the influence of the light of
additional jost-
exposure. Additional uniform post-exposure of negatives by veak
scattered light
for 3 to 5 midutes yields an appreciable increase in
the.photographic effect.'
The effect is particularly great when the film is not developed to
1/2

!ACCESSION NR: AT4012208
However, even satellite observation film developed almost tor max is
enhanced
:in senaitivity by 60-80%. The corresponding increase in maxim-
stellar mag"-
itude of the observed satellite of Om.5-Om.6 is in many cases of
great importance.
:The density of the background caused by the additional
post-exposure should not
;exceed 0.1, and the contrast coefficient T remains virtQally
unchanged. Orig.
art. has: 2 figures and.9 tables. C1
iASSOCIATION: Glavnay& "tronomicheak&ya observatoriya, Pulkovo (Hain
Astro-
inomical Observatory),
SUBMITTED: 00 DATE ACQ: 27F*b64 ENCL.- 00
60 CODE; AS Now SOVI 05 dual 001
2/2
Card
------------

AGGESSION NRs AP4026622 8/0O7?/WM/0O2/MZ/01561
AUTHOM Broydo, 1. 1.
TIMIEt Symposium on the structural properties of photographic
smAsion and their
informational value
SOUIM Zhurnal nauchnoy i priklednoy fotografii i kinematografti,
Yo 9j, no. 2j,
1964,o 155-156
TOPIC TAM photographyphotographic emulsion,, photographic
emulsion structure
ABSTRACT: The symposium was hold on September 30s 1963 in Kazan,
It was
organizod by the committee on scientific photograpl-q and
cinematography of the
Acadamr of Sciences,, SSSR., in association with the Kazanskiy
filial KIWI i
ldt-micheskiy zavod im, V, V, XWby*shava (Kazan Branch., NIKFI
Ghemical Plant).
Professor Yue N, Gorokhovskly emphasized in his introductory
address the importam..
of a manifold ovaluation of the atructural proportion of
photographic materials
on which deparxi the quality of the photographic images
Gorokhovskiyj Tu* Ke
Vif anskiya 0. X. Sirqawa,, and L. M. Zh cy& (MI and LM)
reported an various
Card

I ' ' t. - - - -- - - - .-- -_ - - - _' -- - -- -- i
ACGFZS1014 NR: APh026822
:ways of expressing the density-contrast functions of
photographic materials. I.
:G. Abidina (NIUI) gave a simplified method for obtaining
diffusionometric
characteristics of photographic materials* Le Mi. Pruss and
Gorokhovskiy (GOI)
,reported that there is no close interrelationship between
resolving power and
!coarse-granular structure of an emulsion. G. 0. GribaIdn and
G. A. Istomin (NIM)I
;proposed a now formula for the resolving power of an
emulsion-it depends mainly
on the constant K, and is little affected by either the
contrast coefficient or
granular structure, The'paper by G. 1, Belinskaya and He So
Gualkova was a report
on the effect of the length of exposure on the sharpness of
the image. I. Is
Breydo and K. P. Yermoshina. presented their studies on the
relationship between
the granularity of photographic materials and the conditions
under which develop--
ment occurs. Z, L. Petraahkina and I. G. Ab:I~Iina (NIOI)
correlated the granular-
iity and diffusion characteristics of cinematographic under
various conditions of
:developing with the visual perception of low-contrast
details, P, Kh, PrUBS (G01)
compared theoretical and experimental data relating to. the
state of illumiration
in the. ermlsion layer. Z, S. Shcherbakovskiy (GOI) presented
the results of his
microsensito
metric investigation of multilayered *color f ilms. K & K,
Vendrovskiy
(NIKFI) proposed a method. for the measurement of reflected
halo* Livay dismain.
sions followed the presentation of the papers*
Card 2/3.2.

BREYDO. I.I.; YK010SHINA, K.P.
--
Effect of development conditions on the microphotometric
graininess of photographic materials. Zhur,nauch. i
prikl.fot.
i kin. 9 no.6:425-435 K-D 164. (MIRA 18:1)
l.'Glavnay-a istronomicheskaya observatoriya AN SSSR.

GUREVICH, S.B.; BWYDOP I.I.; GAVRTLOV, G.A.
Methodology for the measurement of the sIgnal-noise ratio
in photograp4.
Usp.nauchdot. 10:163-170 164. (MIRA 171lO)
Function of the distribution of the number of developed
grains and
dependence of photographic noises on the optical density
of blackening.
Ibid..171-174

i . I
NRE Y EO P 1'.
'D
4roperties of infrared pbotographic films. Izv, GAC; 24
no.1:165-170 164.
Photographic noise, signal-to-noise ratio, and the
number of
gradations reproduced by photographic mater-Jals.
Tbid.~171-179
0M`:-.'-E,A 18:31',

36B17-66 DIT (1) /T IJP(c)
ACC NRt AP03.6939 SOURCE CODE: UR/0077/66/011/001/()059/oo6o
AUTHOR: Breydo, 1. 1.
ORG: Main Astronomical Observatog4AN SSSR (Glavnaya astronomicheakaya
observalb7oriva
'AN SSSR)-
TITLE: Resolution and microphotometric.graininess of infrared film
SOURCE: Zhurnal nauchnoy i prikladnoy fotografii i kinematografii, v. 11,
no. 1,
1966, 59-6o
TOPIC TAGS: IR photography, IR film, film grain, grain size, optic
resolution, optic
tranamis5ion
AWMCT: Data are. given on the. graininess and resolution of 1-810, 1-920,
1-1030 and
1-1070 infrared film developed by the Kazan Affiliate of NIKFI. The
resolution was de
termined by exposure in the VNIIM resolvometer with an
OS:-~~,Xpochromatic lensio The
light source was an incandescent lamp with a red KS-14E-1-~t*filterfan
ultraviolet
light filter (maximum transmission about 450 m1i)-o-F-wIthout any filter
(conventional
white light). The results show that the resolution of these films in
ultraviolet ligh
is more than double the resolution in infrared light. A second series of
measurements
was made by the contact method to eliminate the effect of the objective
lens. Althoug
a blue filter with a snmewhat wider transmission range was substituted
for the ultra-
UDC: 771-537.61:771-537-32

10jr( a) JOS/CW ~
AUTHOR! Broydo, 1. 1,
MG: 1-~ain Aj~brono;dcal Observatory, AN SSSR (Glavnaya
astronomicheaknya
AN MR)
TITILt Vow oiulo ~Lstronomicai Photorrap ic plates
SOURCE: Autronoridohesiki~y V. 43, no. 4, 1966,.'891-8?3
TOPIC TAGS: photographic material, astrononV
ABS 'T. fn ORWO firzi 1~ the Gorman D
.~mocratic Republic produced
'IACT:
a now type of panchromatic photo plates for~astroqqm: ORWO Astro I
Spezial ZP-3. Vhese are advertised as being four times more
sensitive
than the Astro ZP-l Plaies produced by this firm* A detailed
laboratory
investigation.of these now plates has boon made at the Main
Astronomical'.
Observatoryp where-theirlight sensitivity and dependence of light.,
on exposurev spectral sensitivity, resolution and granularityl,
were determined. The result3 are compared with ORVID Astro ZP-1
and Kodak:
103aE. It was found that their sensitivity at low levels of
illumination,
.1ind with long exposures (50 minutes) is four times greater than
MOD ZP-l'
plates and close to the sensitivity of Kodak 103aE plates. The new
plates
therefore are suitable for_phq~ographin faint coiestial objects
with
_g
Card 1/2 uDc.- 522-617.2

L 08040-67
ACC NR: A.P7001648
0
long exposures. However, _t~eir__~;torage qualities' -are noi
particularly
good. The spectral sensitivity of ZP-3 plates is maximum at I - 675
they are good for photographic observations in red light,
particularly
in the 14 line and.foispectral investigations in the red part of the
spectrum and.can replace Kodak 103aE plates. They are unsuitable for
work in green light** The resolution is 70-75 lin/mm, that is,
approx-
imately the same as for.other highly sensitive photo plates. Its
granular~ity is.less thqnj4e~._4proj~hatomctric graaularity of qdak
103&~ i
'plates. Orjg_._"art'&'h'de:'~1- I figure,and 1 tab o.
SUB CODE- 14,- 03_'_;~-j-6'-'SUBM DATS: IlDec65 ORIG REFt 003 OM
REF: 001

PIREYDO, I. S.
36U2O. X istorii razvitiya trtisentlki (1868-188o rfy -P
- ). sov. vr2ch b. sbornLk.
v~'P- 10', 1949, s 32-36-
SO: lptopisl 4urnalIrlykh Statey, No. 49, 1949

BRISYDO, 1. S.
F -Vo.;4~
History of aseptic surgery in Russia (1888-1900lVest.
Xhir.
Grokova 70 no.W53-59 1950. (OLML 20:1)
I* Of the Clinic of General Surgery, Leningrad
Medical Institute
imeni Academician Payloy (Director -- A.
M..Zabludovekiy).

BREYDO, I.S.
Ovarian rupture andacute appendicitis
Vest. Rhir. 72, no.4, 1952

BREDD, I.S., kandidat meditsinskikh nank
Cheat surgery in foreign countries; survey of the Vournal of
Thoracic Surgery" vole. 27 and 28, 1954. Vest.khir.75 m .9:
129-141 0 155. (MLRA 9: 1)
(CHEST--SURGERY)

BREM, I.S., kandidat maditsinskikh nauk
Surgery schools of the Militar7 Medical Academy
Vast. Wr. 76
no.8:137-144 8 155. iMLRA 8111)
1. Is kaf"dry obnhcbey kbirurgii (sav.--prof.
V.I.Xolewov)
1-go Laningradakogo neditainskogo instituta Im.
I.P.Pavlova,
Lanir4rad, 7-ya Sovetskaya, d.7, kv.7.
(SCHOOLS, MICAL. bist.
schools of surg. In Russia)

3RNYDO. Isaak Samuilovich; MIKHAYLOV. S.S., redaktor;
IWARASH. G.A.,
1. --m-aftethnicheskiy reclaktor
(History of antisepsis and asepsis in Rassial Istoriia
antieeptiki
i aseptiki v Roesit. C-Laningracl] Goo. izd-vo med.
lit-ry, lenin-
gradskoe otd-nie, 1956. 194 p. (MPU 9: 11)
(SURGERY, ASMIC AND ANTISMIC)

MYDO, I.S., kandidat maditainakikh nauk (Leningrad,
7-ya Sovetskaya ml.,
~-. kv-7); TSIVIN. B.S.
Acute appendIcItis and extrauterine pregnancy;
differential
diagnosis. Vest.khir. 77 n0.8.90-95 Ag 156* (MIRA 9.10)
1. Iz klinild obshchey khimrgil (zav. - prof.
V.I.Kolesov) 1-go
Loningradekogo me&itainakogo inatituta im. I.P.Pavlova
(na base
bollnitsy im. K.Markaa)
(APPMIGITIS, differ. diag.
extrauterine prega.)
(PREGNANCY, ECTOPIC, differ. diag,
appendicitis)

BRIM, I.S., kandidat meditsinskikh nauk
it~;~ez7 of the heart and large vessels in 'The
Journal of Thoracic
Surgeryl in 1955. Test.khIr- 77 no.11:141-150 N 056.
(NLRA 10:1)
(CARDIOVASCUIAR SYSTXM--SURGIRY)

BRLPYW I !j - �VISTTJNOV. N. 1.
Z:---~'7
High obliteration of the abdominal aorta. Zdrav. Bel. 5
no-5:58 MY 159
(MIRA 12:8 )
1. Iz khirurgicheakogo otdeleniya (zaveduvuf3hchiy - P.
A. Klin-
dukhov) Leningradskoy bolinitsy imeni S. Perovokoy
(glavrVy vrach
K. A. Shelomentgeva).
(ABDOMINAL AORTA--DISEASM)

BREYDOO I.S.
I ~ocaliz-e-d retroperitoneal lymphogranulomatooio. Vop~ onk. 6
no.7:
94-96 Je 160. MIRA 14:4)
(HODGKIN IS DISEASE) (RETROPERITONEAL SPACE-TUMORS)

BREYDO., I. S. (Leningrad)
Tuberculosis of the thyroid gland in combination
with toxic
goiter. Probl. endok. i gorm. 8 no.3:98-99 My-Je
162.
(MIRA 15:6)
(THYROID GLAND-TUBERCULOSIS) (GOITER)

DRACHINSKAYA, Yelizaveta. Semenovna; BUM. ifia~k
'S'amuilovich;
GRIGORIYEV, M.S., red.; LEBEDEVA, z.v., telEi-.-reT.-
[Surgery of the thyroid gland] Khirargiia shchitovidnoi
i6elezy. Leningrad, Medgiz, 1963. 233 p. (MIRA 16:4)
(THYROID GLAND-SURGERY)
4.
I

PETROV, Yuriv Viktorovich; IIIEYDO, I.S.., red.
[Cancer of the breast; its diagnosis) clinical
aspects and
treatment] Rak molochnoi zhele2y; diagnostika,
klinika,,
lecbenie. Leningra , Meditsina, 1964. 207 p. (MIRA
17:5)

BFI,,YDO T.8
Amylold goiter. Probl. enclok. I gorm. 11
no-.,509-621 S-0 165.
(MIRA 19:1)
1. Khtrurgicheskoye otdeleniye bollnitay zavoda
"Bollghevik"
(glavnyy vrach V.N. liedved), Leningrad. Submitted
May 13, 1.9164.

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I. Ya.
1~41*11fleis,, Audio Frequency Doc 1946
"New Amplifiers)" I. Ya. Breydo, Designer at Factory
NO 696) 4 pp
"VestnIk Svyaz:l Elektro Svyazl" No 12 (81)
Discusses two.nev type audio-amplifiers, type U-,50
and type U-300-M, constructed by designers at Factory
No 696-of the*Electro-Acoustical Laboratory. Sche-
matic diagrams and operating graphs are included.
Both are Class 12 amplifiers, and are simil in
operating and technical principles. There are three
inputs, tvo microphone and one adapter. They oper-
ate on an alternating current of 50 oyoles and
110i:,127. and.. M "Volts
19TIO5

BREYDO, I. PA 5lA9T85

15,q94
4 0- iiners
Jan $0.
"Making Repairo-on the U-50 (50-Watt) Amplifier,"
I. Breydo, 4 pp
"Radio" No 1
Gives most frequent causes,of breakdowns and methods
of repairing damaged-or defective parts. Shows sche-
matic diagrams of: (1) power unit and rectifier, and
(2) amplification stages. Describes detaileN& proce-
dure for assuring proper operation of all circuits of
amplifiers.
15M~:

13RUM, I.
Radio tubeis compute. Radio-no-11:28-30 N '53. (NT-PA 6:3.1)
(Illectronic calculating machines)

BREYDO,
~~Itd Oil Dec 53
bhi~e, Computers:
I.Icalculation with Vacuum Tubes, Part II,"-I. Breydo
.Radio, No 121,; pp 24-27
Micusses and~gives circuit diagrams of decimal dig-
ital circuits,such asdecimal ring and binai7-decimal
.types, ap,6cial'gae-filled,mmlti-electrode tubes, cir-
cuits vhich~carry out math,operations. States com-
putors mAke use of magnetic amplifiers, trigger ele-,
.ment-swith new ferromagnetics, crystal amplifiers,
'trigger circuits with three or more stable states,
,xnapetostriction elements, and printed circuits.
i-_- ', ,ed-
e.-couttin An Radio, No 11, 1953-
27115M

USSWHiectro -nice Triodes

Card 2:/1-.

Author
Bre~do I.
Title. -
Application of:Crystal,Triod .es

Perio.dical:

4~:-i 46 :19.54
:Radio 1~ay
"Abstract,
No-.1main types their characteristics are.

described. jOne:of'thi6e triodes -is of a "'point-contact It Aype.,
and

the.-other of a-11surface-layer contact" type. The article.shows

diagrams featuring-the ,4esign of ~ each of these types and describ6s

citl-
Aheir appli. on in amplifier stages -of receiver sets, and also

their
uses as generatoro-bacillators in feedback coupling systems

in
mtativibr~ators, and, others"V, ~ The article,foresees the fort~-

comihg-m;ass~~production.of:the.crystil triodes in the near future,,

in ~ view of their advantages,o4er the vacuum-tube type triodes.
Eight

diagrams.in all are shown.in this article.
-Institution

Submitt

BRWM, I.
Now crystal triode. Radio no.8:20-22
(Triodes)

tO, -

2637

PP-

typ= With

d

ata

P) Yb6
Wegory : UM/Ilectronics Semiconductor Devices and Photoelements
Abs Jour : Ref Zhur Fizika, 40 2y 1957, No 4379,
Author Braydo, I
Title ec,ronic Multipliers
Orig Pub Radio, 1956, No 7) 26-29
Abstract Popular article; basic data are given on
photoelectronic multipliers
produced by the Russian industry.
Card 1/1

Subject USSR/Electronics
Card 1/1 Pub. 89 - 6/17
Author Breydo, I.
Title Ph o'to`e3':e'A_'1';ic"'_"mul tip I i e r s
Periodical Radio, 7, 26-29, JI 1956
AID P - 4922
Abstract The author describes multicascade photoelectric
multi-
pliers which were invented, as he writes, by L. A.
Ku6etskly in 1930. He gives a theoretical explanation
of the principles of operation and follows with two
tables of specifications of some Soviet types. Eight
diagrams and drawings.
Institution : None
Submitted : No date

AID P 5024
Subject : USSR/E41ectronios
Card 1/1 Pub. 89 - 9/14
Author : Breydo, I.
Title : Application of photoelectronic computers.
Periodical : Radio, #9, 42-45, S 1956
Abstract : The author enumerates and describes the various
applications of photoelectronic computers. Seven
drawings and diagrams.
Institution : None
Submitted : No date

YA-.0
Uss"R/Ruclear rhysics InstruAnts and Installation C-2
Methods of Measurement and Investigation.
Abs Jour : Referat 22aur - Fizika, No 1, 1958, 301
Author : Leyteyzen, L.G., Glukhovskoy,, B.M., Breydo., I-Ya.
Inet
Title Photomultiplier for-Scintillation Gamm Spectrometers.
Orig Pub Kirstallograftys, 1957, 2, No 2, 290-293
Abstract Description of the,results of plant tests of a large num-
ber of selected samples of PEU-29 photomiltipliers. The
choice was made-with a count of the amplitude resolution,
sensitivity of photocathode, and linearity. The Wlitu-
de resolution, measured for a photomultiplier ired with
a Wal (T1) crystal, vhen irradiated by a C9137'~ccompound,
amounts on the average approximately to 9%, vhile measu-
rements with the aid of a pulse gms-discharge "'umin or
give a resolution - 5.3% and show that'the crystal is res-
ponsible for a considerable portion of the spread of the
Card 1/2

U�SR/Nuclear Physics - Instrumats and Installations C-2
Methods of Measurement and Investigation.
Abs Jbu:r Ref Zhur - Fizika, No 1, 1958, 301
amplitudes. The other parameters of the FRU-29 are as
follows: integral sensitivity of the cathode, 40 micro-
amperes per lumen; "blue" sensitivity of the cathode,
8 microamperes per lumen; gain (when operated as per
specifications) 2 x 105; amplitude of noise pulses (in
the energy expression relative to the NaI (Ti) crystal)
!~- 5 kev; linearity at Rheat ~ 50 kilohms and Cwiring
< 10 micromicrofarads -- up to 7 volts-
Card 2/2

YANKIN, G.M.
ft A m a S L W-T =!, -.
Gas-discharge counting tubes. RadiOtOkhnika 12
no.2.65-70 7 157.
1 (KLRA 1033)
10 Daystvitel nyy chlenlauchno-tekhnicheekogo
obshchostva radio,6
tekhniki i alaktroavyazi im A,S. Popov&.
(Blectron tabes) (Electronic calculating machinexi

r e
46-12-15/15
AUTHORS: Leyteyzen, L. G. , Berkovskiy, A. G. , Breydo, 1. Ya. ,
Glukhovs-
koy, B. M. , Korolikova, 0. S. , Tara s`ov-d_,Te-._T_.
TITLEt New Industrial Types of Photoelectron Multipliers (Novyye
promysh-
lennyye tipy fotoelektronnykh umnozhiteley)
PLTIODICAL: Izvestiya AN SSSR) Seriya Fizicheakaya, 1957, Vol.
21, Nr 12,
pp. 1653 _ 1659 (USSR)
ABSTRACT: At present the production and delivery of some new
photoelectron-
-multipliers (FEV) worked out by the authors were begun on an in-
dustrial scale. They are shortly described here. 1.) The
production
of the special multiplier for the scintill.ation-sDectrometers
(P D Y -29 was recently begun. It has a good amplitude-dissblving
power which is gua-anteed by the comparatively high sensitivity of
the cathodes of Ithe device. The integral sensitivity is higher
than 30,u A im- , on the average 40 - 45)u A lm-1, the "blue" one
is higher than 6 P A m1-1 which cogresponds to a quantum discharge
of more than 9 ~ at ), ';V 4000 X. Besides the electron-optics
at the entrance of the multiplier guarantees a good taking over
of the electrons from the cathode to the dynode, as well as mini-
mum losses in the first cascades. The amplitude of the noise, mea-
Card 1/4 sured in relatLon to the photopeak of cs137__a. Nai(Tl)
on the 50

48-12-15/15
New Industrial Types of Photoelectron Multipliers
impulse see- 1- level, is not higrher than 5 + 8 keV. The
light-cha-
racteristic is linear up to the am litude of the initial impulse
7 - 6 V at a load of about 50 k ~i and a parasitic capacity of
\< 10pF, with the method of operation givon in the pass filter
of the device. The most important operation-parameter of any FEV
in
the stability. Most of the (~ 3Y -29 under the usual conditions
in the gamma-spectrometers work sufficiently stdAe. Experiments
with dynodes of different alloys are now made for improving the
stability. At the same time thqinfluence of technological factors
and the construction ofcVnodes upon the stability of the FEV is
also experimentally investigated.
2.)FEV with enlarged cathode. According to the preliminary data
these multipliers have the following average static 1 parameterss
integral sensitivity of the cathode 35 - 40p A lm- , the "blue"
sensitivity - 7/a A lm-1. Amplification about (2 + 5).lo5 at full
voltage of 1400 - 1500 V. At much higher voltages it can attain
jo7. The density of tl-e heat flow from, the cathode on the
averaire
amounts to 5-lo-15 Acm-2.
3.) "Time"-FEV. Beside the "general" parameters the minimum scat-
tering according to the time of passage of the "electron-parcel"
through the multiplier in the case of a maximum steep front of the
Card 2/4 initial impulse is also demanded of it. After thp

New Industrial Types of Photoe2ectron Multipliers
46-12-15/15
variants a system was found which guarantees good focusing of
the
electrons and minimum scatterin,- of the time of flight. The
cal-
culations of the maximum time-of-flight gradient in this multi-
plier system with grid yielded a quantity of 4,4.1n-10 sac (at a
voltage of 100 V/caacade) which is 3 - 4 times less than tn the
multiplier-system H4646 (reference 3).
4.) The best ratio of the signal to t1n background in the wave-
-range of 5500 to 8000 1 is given by the bisinuth-silver-cesium
ca-
thodes. The experimental samples of multipliers with such
cathodes
are produced in two sizest that of the (I)BY -29 and in a
smaller
size. The multipliers have 11 cascades. Their integral
sensitivity
of the cathodes on the average is 45 50 A 1m-1. The amplifica-
tion is of the ordsr of magnitude 105 1019 at a full supply-vol-
tage of 1400 - 1600 V. The smaller multiplier is distinguished
by
a great Vibration-strength.
5-) The miniature-FEV. At present a construction was worked out
for an eight-cascade-miniature-multiplie3~ if) 3Y whose outside
diameter is greater than 22,5 mm and whose heiaht is 65 ma
without
peg. The flat, semi-transparent cathode of antimony-cesium has a
Card 3/4 working diameter of 18 mm. Its sensitivity is below 25
tL A Im-1.

48-12-15/15
New Industrial Types of Photoelectron Multipliers
It guarantees an amplification up to 10 5 at a voltage of 900 -
10OV.
The dark currents are of the order of mat"Initude 10-8 A.
There are 8 figures,and 3 references, 1 of which are Slavic.
AVAILABLEt Library of Congress
Card 4/4

"-, BRBM. I. J'~ ,
Uenful beginning. Radio no.3:63 Mr 158,, (MIRA 1101
(Radio--Study and teaching)

AUTHOR:
Breydo, Q 7 -8 - G- 43 / 5 8
TITLE:
Decatron Scaler
(Schdtnaya ustanovka na dekatronakh)
PERIODICAL:
Radio, 1958, Nr
6, PP 48-51 (USSR)
ABSTRACT:
The so-called I'decatron", a special
gas-discharge counter

tube with a scaling factor of 10, is used
in the decade

scaler. This permits direct readings of the number
of im-

pulses. as compared to the binary scaler where the reading

must be converted to the decimal system. The functioning

of the
decatrons was described in "Radio", 1953, Nr 12.

Figure I g,
shows the electrode system; an author's cer-

tificate was issued
for this invention to G.M. Yankin and

I-Ya. Breydo (Nr 101180,
dated 17 July 1952). The decatron

scaler described in this
article uses decatrons produced

by Soviet industry, Basically it
is designed for the re-

gistration of ionizing radiation. It
consists of a gas dis-

charge counter block, 11BGS211,
llOxl3Ox550 mm, and a scal-

ing block, "PS-1061t, 420x30Ox32O mm.
Figure 3 shows the

circuit arrangement of these two blocks. Their
weight is

approximately 8 kg. Power consumption is 60 watts at
220

volts ' 10%. The device has a scaling factor of 106:1 and
Card
112
a counting capacity of 999,999 impulses. The resolving time

Decatron Scaler
107-58-6-43/58
is around 20 microseconds. The maximum impulse counting
speed is 50,000 impulses per second. The sencitivity (tres-
hold) at the input of the gas-discharge tube block is about
-0-5 volt. The sensitivity at the input of the scaling
block is about +5 volts- For testihg, an impulse generator
with 50 impulses per second is used. The minimum duration
of countable impulses is two microseconds. Thetreshold de-
pends to a certain degree an the impulse front. The decimal
stage has a "YeGl" registering impulses at intervals of 120
microseconds, whilelthe remaining stages have "YeG2 tubes
registering impulses at 300 microseconds intervals.
There are 4 diagrams.
Card 2/2 1. Decatrons-Characteristics

AUTHORS: Br J~a
Pyao, 1. Member of the Association SGV/108-13-7-12/14
inking.--- , Member of the Association
TITLE: Industrial Gas-Discharge Counting Tubes (Decatrons)
(Promyshlennyye g&zorazryaanyye sch1dtr*-,~elampy
(dekatrony))
PMODICAL: Radiotekhnika, 1958, Vol. 13, Nr 7, PP, 60-86
(USSR)
ABSTRACT: The basic parameters and the constructional data
of gas-aischarge
eounting-tubes with cold cathode - the decatron, t7peYeGi
and
YeG 2 are described. The oonstruotion and technological
factors
are contradictory. Therefore, several varieties for the
construo-
tion of the decatron and for its gas filling can be
suggested.
The construction described here was selected on the basis
of oon-
siderations concerning production. In the process of
transmission
the short-termed increase of the positive potential at
each sub-
cathode at the expense of the current passing through its
circuit
after ignition plays an important part. This change of
potential
depends on the time-interval between the pulses and on the
RO of
the circuit. The conversion factor of the deoatrans is, as
the
name implied, ten.. The optimal regime of the decatron
depends on
Gard 1/2 the assumed circuit of the control system. A
control system is

Industrial Gas-Disoharge Counting Tubes -(Decatrons)
SOVA08-13-7-12/14
described with the aid of which the velocity-lizdt of counting
can be attained. The disadvantage of this device is its oompli-
cated feed circuit. A table shows the mtios of the counting
velocity limits in the deomtrons described here. The deoatrons
operate at a temperature of the surroundings of from -500 C to
+6000 and at a relative moisture of 95-90 at +250C i iO()C. Deca-
trons are most in use in nuclear physics for various counting de-
vices, among others also for multi-charaiel, amplituae ana.3,yzers.
There are 10 figures, 1 table, and 9 references, 2 of which are
Soviet.
SUBMITTED: November 1, 1957
ISSOCIATION: VsesoXuz,aOYe nauchno-tekhnicheakoye obshchestvo
radiotekhni)d i elek-trosvyazi im. A.S. Popov& (All-Union
Scientific-
techruice.1 Association for Radio Engineering and Electrical
Communications im. A.S. Popov)
1. Discharge tubes--Produclion 2. Gases--Applie'ations 3. Dis-
Card 2/2 chagre tubes--Circuits 4. Discharge tubes--Crntrol systems

I i SOV/48-22-8-19/20
AUTHORS: Berkovskiy,, A. G.,,Jk-eyA-,,~~Glukhovskiy, B~ M.p
Korollkova, 0. S., Leyteyzen, L. G., Tarasovap Ye., 1.
TITLE: Data Concerning Industrial Photoelactroni,-
Mult-pliers f,)r
Scintillation Spectrometers (Novyye dannyye o promysh3.ennykh
tipakh fotoelektronnykh umnozhiteley dlya
stsintillyatsionnykh
spektrometrov)
PERIODICAL: Izvestiya Akademii nauk SSSR~ Seriya
fizi3heskayaq 1958,
Vol.22, Nr 8, PP- 1005 - 1006 (USSR)
ABSTRACT: At the 7th All Union Conference on Nuclear
Spectroscopy the
basic features of Nev. FE-2 :photoeleotTonic multiplier -
FEM)
types for spectrometry were communicated (Ref 1). in this
paper
the authors give new data on earlier deyeloped FEM types,
which
are already in industria.,14 produotion, and on new FEM~e the
development of which was terminated in 1957- In that year the
mass production of the basio type of the spectrometers, the
FEM-29 was started. As a result of the investigations, the
types were arranged according to the Yol-tages in the first
Card 1/3 cascades of the multipliers which guarantpe a good
amp!-it-a-dr.

BOY/48-22-8-19/20
Da7ta Coficerning Industrial Photoelectronio Multipliers for
Scintillation
Spectrometers
resolution. As the problem arose whether it would be possible
4. o produce spectrometers FEM with a better resolution, it was
L'
attempted to produce spectrometeze FEM with multialkaii
cathodes (as, for example Sb-Na-K- cr Sb-Na-K-Cs cathodes)
(In figure 3 the characteristics of these cathodes axe given).
The FEM-24 went inte serieo production in the last year (Ref
1).
The authors carried out experiments with good prospects with a
multiplying system with toroidal dyaodes of AI-Mg-alloys. One
of the new types of midget spect=ometara PEM 4-s described as
follows: cathode diameter 25 mm, maox'_mum socket diameter
3495 mmp length 110 mm. For prect-r-al operation the multiplier
is equipped with a hlgh-resiatanurt -potentiometer. From the
table
can be seen that the mesolution of 1hase multipliers is of the
same order as that of FEM-29. The basic features of the design
of the FEM-31 are given in reference 3. The spectrometric re-
solution of the FEM-31 which was measured with a crystal with
a diameter of 14 mm was within the limits of 8,5 - 11%. An FEM
with a large cathode (diameter 300 mm) was developed for work
Card 2/3 with liquid synthetic scintillatora. (Antimony-cesium
cathode

SOV/48-22-8-19/20
Data Concerning Industrial Photoelectronio Multipliers for
Scintillation
Spectrometers
with a sensitivity better than 20),k A lm-1 , multiplier
sen-
sitivity at 2400 V better than 10 A lm-1 , teroidal,dynodes
of AWS K, alloy). An FFAM with a bismuth-silver-cesium
cathode
was cLescribed in reference 3. These multipliers give a good
amplification. The amplitude resolution of 10 specimens of
FEM
with NaJ-(Tl)-crystal with a diameter of 20 mm and with
C8137 was wip.thin the limits of 12 - 14%-
There are 5 figures, 1 table; and 3 references which
are Soviet,,
Card '.3/3

25(l),'28(2) SOV/115-69-7-17/33
AUTHOR-. Breydo, I.Ya,
TITLE: A Decatron Scaler With Preliminary Setting of the
Counting Time or
Pulse Number
PERIODICAL: lzmeritelinaya telchnika, 1959s Nr 7, pp 32-34
(USSR)
ABSTRAZT: The author presents a brief description of a
decatron scaler con-
tainiug a unit for preliminary setting the counting time or a
given-number of pulses. The OG-5 decatrons used in this device
are
of Soviet series manufacture. The block diagram of the device
is
shown in fig.l. It will perform the following operations: 1)
count-
ing of pulses during an arbitrarily fixed time with manual
start,
and stopping; 2) counting of pulses with automatic stopping
after
a given time has elapsed (pre-aetting of time); 3) measuring of
the duration of recording with automatic stopping when the
given
number of pulses has been stored (pre-setting of count). The
prin-
cipal operational circuit elements of the device are shown in
fig.2. The:dpper part cantains the six-decade counting unit;
the
counting capacity is 10 -1. The lower circuits are used for
pre-
Card 1/2 setting time and pulse number. The time setting unit
has a range

SOV/115-59-7-17/33
A Decatron Scaler With Preliminary Setting of the Counting
Time or Pulse Number
of 1$000 seconds. The 50 cycle power network frequency is
used fbr
producing timing signals. Since the power frequency is kept
con-
stant in most industrial centers, it provides an adequate
accuracy
for most work to be conducted with devices of this kind. The
author points out that a small systematic error is inevitable.
It is caused at the output of each decatron by the pulse
de'lay in
regard to the last starting pulse entering the input. There
are
I block diagram, 1 circuit diagram and 10 references, 5 of
Wfiich
are Soviet and 5 English.
Card 2/2

24(4), 24(2)
A~ THORS Braydo. I.Ya., Tairlin, Yu.A. and Shiwiuva,
TITLE; ~'--Dietemination of the Luminesconao Energy Yiald of
?!a- ~ti~ Sjcintillators
Subjected to t-Rays (OproaolonlYa vy!7A.-z'a lyminestsonts1i
~Iastmassovyidi Ftsintillyatorov pM day..-tviym
PRRIODIChL:C,,,tika i --oktror~koplya, 1459, Vol 7, Yr i,
yield, def;nel as the afflci~pr--~j (-f tramfmwmation
ABS T R!,. OT :The lumineccenc-3 enerr,.v
of the overgy of recorded rallatiw into light onsr-y, j,
-. rl-t-ps the
mmt i-rip-ortan't pron~%rty of a actintillato-.. In rac.-tic-;~
the "technical"
energy yl~Dld is thtz tr. siAaller ther thc4 tin cal")
energy yield due to abz:arrtion of zeLntil3ation lj&t ;-- tli,~
-cintillator
itself and in reflectors rhich are ussed to izipro,,re t~a
15-Fht-z-ollecting
ability of the The present paper ~,3.szribed a de,-~ennination
of the en-:~rLgy yield of Y-Dmlnesc4n;~.-j of a i,,1p-stLc-
-rdiich
i,,ms a solution of 2% terDhanyl and rj'.Icl. PC-ItF in The
oner-Y
yield -,as moasured for scintlllation3 due to Onm~t,7.n
olo~--trntit: -)reduced
by *J-rayr f, _zj37. - -
" Cm C T.-:, determijis tho er-,rsy y~old the P.-it-ltors
anaiy3ed tTrmn a scint~llativ-n i-.jvnt orsisting of a ~,hoto-
er ~! t.,
card 1 /3 rmiltioli.er -F- --9 and P. Pelirihe~;3
se:;.'atillator c.' -Cho above
(-.,-moosition. T.Ikf--~ r~-intillatcr had a 6iamater nP 60 mi
Pnd a hc-i-ptt of 40mm

C.-~: C-.1
DeterminatAon of tne L=ineG~-an,,G Bnorgy Yieli of Fla:~tic:
SoiAtillate)rz.- "),03jected
to X-Rays
and -it 1,I-xIs 9,ttachw~ to the cethsde vla a
layer. Thu follkoxinj~ onpatior. wa!., ,Eiad to dcd-i,.~q
bir, ~mergy
tho hs~rh+ or p~&eeq at the, -)!mter cut,:~~t-
i.hnra '3,, is tho a elA,~tmzis, E thb sne--~y of the
y 10
eml ttad nhoton-, ( 2'~, ftV) In tLa ra t,.;' c f t1ne *~~
~,hn ca 1 tc, the
phyz; i ca 1 11 ght y-; -Ad 1 cL =1 -0.':") , 7f io the m
(..Fi n e f fA ano-Y of the
c9~thodo iii 7~he sairittilatioa is
the aniplifizatinn fnator oi the photaxiltiplier ~-7-? x
106), o is
t,lfj eloctron 0,2rgi. c is ths capacitance of the Impat
(of the -):,lo tmallti -.11 wbicli was o1jout 30 an ".t'd k
-;~~ --he
amplification factor of tlic~ wn;n amplf-S-ier W). rhe value
of
Ca rd 2/3

S UV15 1 -7 -1-13/27
.Determimtion of the Luminescence Energy Yield or Flastic
Scintillators Subjected
to J-Rays
the physical enerF yield 11, determined. frm Eq (1), vas found to ~s
(1.7 t 0.3) x 10- . AeLcnov.,ledgment is made to A.?. Kilimov for
supply
of the scintillator samples and information on their ortical.
properties.
-rhero are 2 figures and 16 reforeaces , 4 of which are Soviet, 1
translation
from English into Russian, 9 English and 1 Swiss.
SUBLUTTED.- Auggst 30, 1958
Card 3/3

85863
S/048/59/023/012/008/009
941W BOo6/BO60
AUTHORS:. J~erkovskiy, A. .1 Breydot I. Ya., Korolikova, 0. S.,
Leytevzen, L.
TITLE: Some Characteristics of New Pbotoelectronic-Multipliers
Y
PERIODICAL: Izvestiya Akademii nauk SSSR. Seriya fizicheskaya,
1959,
Vol. 23, No. 12, pp. 1517 - 1519
TEXT: Two new types of photoelectronic multipliers W-35
(FEU-35) and
~)Y-29 (FEU-29), as applied to scintillation spectrometers,
were worked
out by the authors. Full particulars are given of FEU-35t less
of
FEU-29. The cathode diameter of FEU-35 is 25 and 34 mm for 108
mm. length.
To improve electron-optical properties of the input a focusing
cylinder
(of. Fig.1) is applied. This cylinder permits better
combination between
the axial-symmetric inlet of the waltiplier and the inevitably
asymmet-
rical first cascade of the multiplier system. The new inlet
system
secures a good energy resolution. As much as 600 FEU-35
devices were
checked for amplitude resolution (Fig.2) and for the amount of
the
energetic noise equivalent (Fig-3). Fig.4 illustrates the
average
Card 1/3

85M
Some Characteristics of Now Photoelectronic 8
048/59/023/012/008/009
Multipliers Doo6/BO60
amplification and the sensitivity of the multiplier as
well as the de-
pendence of the dark current on the supply voltage.The
linear depen-
dence of the output signal amplitude on the y-quantum
energy is secured
up to amplitudes of the mapitude 10 v for 50 kfZ and 10
pF. The sensi-
tivity threshold is about (6-6) .10-121m for a resonance
amplifier band
width of 20 cycles and for a resonance frequency of 80
cycles. The
second multiplier (FEU-29) suitable for y-spectrometry
has a cathode
with the dimensions 36-46-190 mm. Its amplitude
resolution is giveL
with 7.5 - lqo. It exhibits an especially low noise level
(1 - 2 kev)
in the 50 imP/sec level. To test the stability of the
photoelectronic
multipliers under work conditionsois. special device was
constructed,
permitting measurement of the change with time of the
Cs137 photopeak
level by means of a NaJ(Tl)-crystal.. This device
consisting mainly of a
one-channel analyzer is described. Fig- 5 presents the
photo of one part
of the record chart of the.photopeak amplitude stability
of C8137 for
4 FEU-29 multipliers. The horizontal multiplying factor
was 0.4% of the
pulse amplitude, the vertical one was 30 minutes.
Displacement with
Card 2/3

85863
Some Characteristics of New Photoelectronic
S/048/59/023/012/008/009
Multipliers Boo6/Bo6o
time of the averaged photopeak amplitude as well as
variations.of the
amount of amplitude through an average value may be recorded
by this
method. The last mentioned elfect was between 0.3 and 1~.
There are
figures.
Card 3/3

5/115J60/000/05/11/034
B007/B0.11
AIJTHORS: Areydo#_I. Ya.., Keenzhuk, N. K.
TITLE: Electronic (juick-operation Tachometer-with Programing
and Decatrons
PERIODICAL: lzmeritellneya tekhaika, 1960, No. 5, PP- 17-20
TEXT: A description is given here of an electric pulse speedometer
in
which the recording of feeler pulses as well as the crystal
frequency
division occur with the aid of decatrons.. The speedometer is
provided
with a programing system. It permits the automatic recording of
pulses
within a given period, and thereupon extinguishes the recording and
begins a new recording period. It measures speeds of < 0.1 to 2-jo4
rpm
with-a maximum error of 10-2%. The electronic block consists of the
following assemblies shown in Fig. 1: input assemblyp counter,
timers
programing assemblyp and feed assembly. The input assembly is shown
in
Fig. 29 the programing assembly in Yig- 4. The counter consists of
deoatrons. The circuits used in this system for the decatron
starting
had been described in the papers of Refs. 3t 4, 5. The counter
consists
Card 1/2

Electronic Quick-operation Tachometer With
S111516010001051111034
Programing and Decatrons B007/13011
of six easoadea. The timerconaista of a 10-ko quartz generator,
a
buffer stage, a multivibrator, and fourfrequenoy divider stages
with
decatrons. The mode of operation of the device is described and
explained.
The diagram of Fig. 5.8hows the sequence of the control- and
working
pulses. It is pointed out-that the speedometer described here
can be
'utilized, apart from the rpm measurementl also for the
frequency measure-
ment up to 20-25 kilooycles, for countin the nonperiodic pulses
(e-g.9' of a counter of nuclear partioleof at T < 50,Mseo, as
well as in
pr;duction controls based on the count of the number of pieces.
There
are 5 figures and 5 references: 4 Soviet and I English.
Card 2/2

21594
I s-0 2-7 dsJ S/109/60/005/010/017/031
tO33/E415
AUTHORS: Breydo, I.Yass Glagolev,-V.P., Glukhovskoy, B.M.,
KororTV-0-va, O.S. and Leyteyzen, L.Q.
TITLE: Investigation of the Stability of Multi-Stage Photo-
Electron Multipliers
PERIODICAL: Radiotekhnika i elektronika, 1960, Vol.5, No-10,
pp.1698-1702
TEXT: This paper was presented'at the 9th All-Union Conference on
Cathode Electronics, Moscow, October 1959.
The stability,of the output signal from a photo-electron
multiplier depends on a number of factors: the voltage, the
current, the time of operation and so on. The purpose of this
article is to clarify the effects of these factors on multipliers
with emitters of different materials. Since multipliers are
widely used as scintillation counters, the multipliers were t eated
in a special set-up which approximated to o erational'conditlons
-kith crystals of NaJ(Tl) irradiated by C9137 on the cathodes of
the multipliers. Block diagrams of the test apparatus are given
and the apparatus is described*. The output current, which
depends not only on the amplitude but also on the frequency of the
Card 1/4

91 K94
S/109/60/005/010/017/031
Investigation of the Stability ... 9033/R415
pulses, i.e. on the intensity of irradiation of the crystal
by
y-rnys, was also monitored. The results show that there are
two
types of instabilityt 1) smooth change in the average value
of the
amplitude of the pulses over a period of time and 2)
oscillation
of the amplitude about a mean value, which shows as a
scatter of
the recorded points for a given curve. The deviation of the
points is approximately 0.3 to 1% of the value of the
output pulse.
Early tests showed that the stability depended to a great
extent
on the previous history of the multiplier. The
"settling-down"
time is different for different specimens and'for the same
specimen the settling-down time on the first day can be
very much
longer than on following days. This "training effeett' made
investigation of Individual specimens impossible and
statistical
tests on a number of multipliers were necessary. The
results on
80 multipliers of the 403Y-35 (FRU-35) type with Sb-Cs
cathodes
and emitters are presented graphically by histograms of
percentage
change in pulse amplitude against numbers of multipliers
for output
currents of 0,1 to 2.5 microamps, 0.3 to 0.5 m1croamps and'
0.35 to 6o0 microamps. The maxima of these distributions
show
Card 2/4

21594
s/log/60/005/010/017/031
Investigation of the Stability ... E033/Z415
greater percentage chanje for larger currents. The
results-for
60 antimony-cesium cathode and emitter multipliers were
similar-.
It Is concluded that during the first hours of operation the
stability in directly rolated-to the output current and
reduction
in the current density improves- the Stability. The absolute
maxima of the changes in the output current of the
multipliers did
not exceed published figures,for multipliers with Al-Mg,
silver-
magnesium and antimony-cesium emitters. The settling-down
time
was found to be proportional to the output current. Tests-
on
multipliers t3Y-24 (FEU-24) with aluminium-magnesium alloy
emmiters showed'that they also have-appreciable
settling-down time,
but the output current has little effect on it, except that
it in
reduced'vith high currents. ' F6r examplev a batch of
multipliers
with Al-Mg emitters and bismuth-silver-cenium cathodes
had-an-
Average settling-down time of 10 to 20 min'q after a
rest-period
of 12 hours with output currents of 20 to 30 microamps. To
clarify the effect of activation by cesium on the stability
of
alloy-emitters, a multiplier with a thermo-cathode was
prepared.
The stab�l�ty of the emitter was checked directly in a vacuum
with
continuous pumping before and after cesiation. The relative,
Card 3/4

21594
S/109/60/005/010/017/031
Investigation of the Stability ... EOWE415
changes in the secondary emission coefficient for thermo-
activation and for cesiation for one stage of a
copper-beryllium
alloy with 100,V and 0.3 mA output current are shown
graphically,
It is seen that the presence of cesium leads to an increase
in
both the settling-down time and also in the magnitude of
the change
in the secondary emission coefficient. There are 7 figures
and
2 references; 1 Soviet and 1 non-Soviet.
SUBMITTEDi December 21, 1959
Card 4/4

BREYDO, Isaak YakovIevich; MIMOVv Yuslop red@; DORUNOVt
Nj,q
I a B-.r -e r. --
[Electron-tube d.c. signal amplifiers] Lampovye
usiliteli signalov
postoiannogo toka. Moskval Goseenergoizd-vog 1961* 87 P.
(Massovaia radiobiblioteka, no-384) (MIU 3.4t6)
(Amplifiers (Electronics))

M., inzh.
Birth of an automatic machine. Tekh.mole 28 noo9:5-7 160.
(HMA 13;10)
(Automatic control) (Household appliances)

9MYDO P M. , inzh.
Fairy tale about five bears, Tekh.mol. 29 no.5134,36 161.
(MA'14:5)
(Programming (Electronic computers)) (Stone cutting)

ACC NRt AP7003417 SOURCE CODE: UR/9040/66/000/012/0008/0009
'AUTHOR: Breydo, H. (inventor)
;ORG: none
TITLE: Biocurrents and new machines
SOURCE: Izobretatel' i ratsionalizator, no. 12, 1966, 8-9
TOPIC TAGS: biocurrent, scientific research
"ABSTRACT:
The a'uthor, designer of the first biomanipulator, describes
prospects for
the application of biocurrents in technology. He gives
examples illustrating
the possibilities of what he considers to be the prospective
method. While
aclmowledging the great difficulties of creating universal
machineshe
writes that as bioeleccric control is a Soviet creation,
Soviet scientists
should develop that progressive method. 6r'ig. art. has: 1 fi
.gure.
SUB CODE: 06/ SUBM DATE: none/ ATD PRESS: - 5112
.LC~ard __ 1/1 JMC: none

NMDOt M.D.
The LP-5-t3OOO tape ptmeh4w for digital oomputerB.
Priborostroanie
no. 34,-:5 Hr 161* (MIRA 34:3)
. (Blectronic digital computers)

4,41631M /EwNlY ~~IJPWI ~Balrjo
C
ARbUL4365 ODE: UR 0271/65/000/005/13057/BO58
SOURCE:' Ref. zh..Avtomatika. telemekhanika I vychislitel'naya
tekhnika.
Svodnyy tom, Abs. 5B42*2
q
N. V. ;q
AUTHOW. Brey42,,,,--M. D.1 Goncharov A. M., Zhegl a
..2arnitsyn, D. , Kotellnikov, I. V.; Moshkina, T. V.; Tarantovich,
A. NY
qy
TITLE: T V d gital computer
CITED SOUIRC17-* Tr. po vopro primeneni a elektron. vychial. mashin v
nar.
)&-vai Gor'ldy, 1964, 171-173
'TOPIC TAGS; digital comp
uteri, industrial digital computer
qV
WRANSLATION; The TEVM di e
gital'comput r Is intended for planning operation
amd;route flows.heets on the basisof developed algorithms and for
other functions
connected with processing. The necessity~of atoring the
characteristics of the
0
A pr duct is a special feature of the ,machine., the volume of this
information is
rather large. The TEYM machine has three addresses and operates an a
fixed-
-Card - 1/2
UDC: 681.142.343

C -NR: AR5014365
48 digits in a word (one number or one
afte-r--18-digit.-point system. There -are
instruction). 'An operation code_-,takds digits Special routine' also
takes
'6 digitsr~ the,balafice' is divid ~d am ong the th re e. addresses.
The computer has
14-types of storage: (I)- an internal magnetic storage for 512 words
with an access
time of 6 n-dcrosec; an i iterm.ediate magnetic-drum storage for 1024
words
me (3) a nonvolatil gnetic-drdm
with an average access ti of 10:millisec; e ma'
a -torage for information readout with a.,capacity of- 2048 words and
an average
millisec; (4) a magnetic tape of 100 000-word capacity. The
access time of 10
working frequency,of the computer is 25 kc; -the. synchronization
depends on the
'=iagnetic,drum. A total of 39 instructions, can be tarried out, and
the average
speed is'1500 operations -per sec.- The adder.is of the
trigger-register type with
a. high-speed carry, no shift. -Data photo input reads from a
telegraph tapep,
i Manual keyboard input is also ovided _A 20-
pr number-per-sec output uses a
printer. The. computer comprises 4000 transistors and takes 3 kw. It
occupies
an area of 15 m2. Bib. 7. fig'.
SUB CODE:..09
Jim
Cara 2/2

3q(d)/JWP(3).
-L 6105=
ACC NR: AP502672O ~SOURCE COM, UR/0141/65/008/005/1036/1039~
1AUTHOR: B
JORG: Scientific Research Physicotechnical Institute,-Gorkiy
UniversilL (Nauchno-
ssledovatellskiy fiziko-tekhnich
3. eskiy institut pri Gor kovskom universitete)
1
ITITLEt Classification- of obiects~,by the generalized image method
:SOURCE: IVUZ. Radiofizika, v.,8 no.-5, 1965, 1036-1039-
TAGS: recognition,process, automaton
~ARSTRACT: The problem of teaching-automatons to recognize'classes of
objects is
:discussed. Ina mathematical~formtilation,,'the~classification problem
consists in
:constructing-the surfaces,separaiting:the given re gions.(classes) of
an n-dimensional
:space from one another;-the construction of,such surfaces (separating
functions) is-
possible.only in the case of nonintersecting classes. The objects are
described by
discrete k-valued functions of state.. Recognition is accomplished by
means of the
,:minimum distance in the generalized'metric space. The weight
coefficients corres-
ponding to all the coordinates are.determined by statistical analysis
of successive
Card, ___VDCs__62-5O

BRUDD, ROG.s..]WW53ay, A-Y~.; SOMMMOTS Vol.-
ftogram awdrol- systems used in mining machines.
Stem.i lustre
27 nov'1209~-tt 1) 156., (MM 10-.2)
(Killing nechihes-Numerical control)

AUTHORSi Kobrinakiy, A. Ye., Breydo, M. G.9 Gurfinkell, v.s.,
20-.1-20/42
Sys in, A. Ya Tveyt71_i_,n-,_ff1 7-~kob~ on, Y a. S
-TITLE: A Bioelectric Control System (Bioelektrichegkaya 2istema
uprav-
leniya)
F.ERIO,DICLL: Doklady AN SSSR, 1957, Vol. 117, Nr 1, PP- 78-80 (USSR)
ABSTRACT: At first..something on the general situation of this
problem is
said. The authors oe the present papers wanted to work out a
bioelectric system, which according to a certain programme con-
trola a mechanical servo drive. This programme was worked out in
the form of oscillations of the bioelectric potential of the
muscles. The possibility of realizing such a system is based on
the results of different investigations i4which the dependence
of the oscillations of the bioelectric potential of a muscle on
its functional condition was investigated. The rezults of these
investigations briefly indicate the following: 1) The oscillati-
ons of the biopotential of a muscle are a constant and inalien-
able phenomenon of the stimulating process. 2) The penetration of
the biocurrent always occurs before a shortening of the muscle.
3) There is an unequivocal relation between the amount of the
biopotential and the tension developped by the muscle, this re-
Card 1/3 lation being approximately linear to the tension up t*
-certain

A Bioelectric Control System.
20-1-20/42
level. An added diagram illustrates an o9cillogram of the bio-
currents which were deduced from different stretched finger-
joint by applied electrodes. These deduced biocurrents develop
by the total effect of the muscle fibres of a certain muscle
and the numerous oscillations of the fibres of the adjacent
muscles provide an additional noise-background. The first prob-
lem in the experiments with these complicated signals was the
elimination of the informations on the orders from the central
nervous system, which regulate the level of the ten2ion of the
muscle. As carrier of the useful information in the here dis-
oussed system only one parameter of the bioelectric system is
used, that is efficiency. The authors hope for application of
further parameters. The block scheme of the control system iv
illustrated by a graph and its function method briefly
described.
The system is constructed so that the bioeurrents are deduced by
two antagonal muscles at the same time. In the case of techni-
cal application it is well possible to connect a circuit with
feed-black coupling into the wirinj; diagram of the control sy-
stem, which circuit is ba:;ed on the application of special,
auto-
matical transmitters. There are 2 figures, and 2 references,
Card 2/-A 1 of which is Slavic.

A Bioelectric Control System.
XSSOCIATION; Institute of Wehanies of the AN USSRp Central
20-1~2q/42
Scientific Research Institute for the Construction of Arti-
ficial Limbs, Moscow State University imeni M.V.Lomonosov
(Institut mashinovedeniya Akademii nauk SSSR. T2entrallnyy
nauchno-i2sledovatellskiy institut protezirovaniya i protezo-
stroyeniya, Moskovakiy gosudarstvennyy univer2itet im. 14.V.
Lomonosova)
PRESEPTEDi June 2o, 1957, by A.A.Blagonravov, Academician
SUBMITTED: June 19, 1957
AVAILABLE: Library of OongresR
Card 3/3

25(?) PHASE I BOOK EXPLOITATION SOXT112562
Akademiya nauk SSSR. Institut mashinovedeniya. Seminar po
teorii mashin i mekhanizmbv
Trudy, tom 17, vyp. 68 (TranaactionB of the Institute of
Mechanical
Engineering, Academy of Sciences, USSR,, Seminar on the
Theory
of Machineiy and Mechaniams, Vol 17 Nr. 68) Moscow, Izd-vo
AN SSSR, 1958. 69 P. 3,000 copies printed.
Eds. of Publishing House: V.V. Pobedimskiy and M.M. Knoroz;
Tech. Ed.: A.P.- Guseva; Editorial Board: I. I. Artobolev-
skiy, Academician (R'esp. Ed.); G.G. Baranov, Doctor of
Technical Sciences, FrofeeBor;,V.A. Zinovlyf-v, Doctor of
Technical Sciences, Proressor; A.Ye. Kobrinskiy, Doctor
of Technical Sciences; V.T. Kostitsyn, Doctor of Technical
Sciences, Professor (Deceased); N.I. Levitskiy, Doc~or
of Technical Sciences, Professor; N.P. Rayevskiy, Candidate
of Technical Sciences; L. N. Reshetov, Doctor,of Technical
Sciences, Professor; and M.-A.'Skuridin, Doctor of Technical
Sciences, Professor.
Card 1/5

Transactions of the Institute (Cont.) sov/2562
PURPOSE: This collection of articl es is intended for
scientific research:workers and engineers.
COVERAGE: This collection of articles deal!i with the
following
topics: balancing of rotors, the dynamics of a machine
unit, program control of milling machines, Vibration
insulation for massive foundations, and electric drives
with flywheels. No personalities are mentioned.
References
follow several of the articles.
TABLE OF CONTENTS:
Preface
3
Shteynvollf, L.I. [Candidate of Technical Sciences], and
A.A. Makhonkin [Engineer]. Dynamic Balancing of Rotors
in Machinery 5
Card 2/5

Transactions of the Institute (Cont.) SOV/2562
The author presents methods in analytical and graphical
form for exact determination of the magnitude and location
of balancing weights in two planes. The methods are based
on the assumed linear tiature of vibrating systems. Mutually
related vibrations of both Supports are thus eliminated.
These methods may be emp.Loyed either with or without
balancing
machines.
Litvin, F.L. (Doctor of Technical Sciences]. Investigaticn
of
,the Steady Motion of a Machine Unit With an Elastic
Reduction
Shaft Subjected to Forces Dependent on Velocity and Location
of Links 20
The steady motion of two rotating disks (replacing the
driver and follower of a machine unit) connected by an
elastic weightless shaft is investigated.
.Brey o_,,~ ~Englneerl, A.Ye. Kobrinskiy (Doctor of
Technical
Sciences], and V.K. Besetrashnov (Engineer]. Experience in
the
Design,-of a Program-control System for Milling Machines 29
Card 3/5

Transactions of the Institute (Cont.) SOV/2562
This system of digital control was developed in 1949 and
used In the automption of milling machines for maahinibg
curvilinear profiles and surfaces without a duplicating
device. Arrangements of programming*and actuating
mechanisms
are shown on schematic diagrams.
Shteynvollf, L.I. Vibration Insulation in Massive
Foundations 40
Insulation for vertical forced vibrations of constant and
variable frequencieB caused by dynamically unbalanced
machines
is investigated.
Nazarov, G.I. [Candidate of Technical.Sciences].
Analytical
Re~solution of Parameters of an Electric Drive With
Flywheel by
a Cosine Rectangular Load-t:Lme Diagram of the Driven
Machine 51
A general solution-5-s obtained by using dimensionless
ratios of corresponding quantities In load-time diagrams
of
the motor and the driven machine. For the direct Inter-
dependence between these ratios a graph Is plotted. By
Card 4/5

-, Transactions of the Institute (Cont.) SOV/2562
means of this graph solutions for a unit of any power
capacity can be obtained.
AVAILABLE: Library of Congress
GO/mg
Card 5/5 12-7-59