US ECONOMIC INTERESTS IN AFRICA

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP85T00875R001500200011-8
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
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• Document Page Count: 81
• Document Creation Date: December 9, 2016
• Document Release Date: August 10, 2000
• Sequence Number: 11
• Publication Date: September 1, 1973
• Content Type: REPORT

Q,N'OM~C ,INTEREST :I~: A~'RICA
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Confidential
Intelligence Handbook
US Economic Interests in Africa
Confidential
ER E1 73-3
September 1973
Copy N2 81
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WARNING
This document contains information affecting the national
defense of the United States, within the meaning of Title
18, sections 793 and 794, of the US Code, as amended.
Its transmission or revelation of its contents to or re-
ceipt by an unauthorized person is prohibited by law.
Classified by 015319
Exempt from general
declassification schedule of E.O. 11652
exemption category 5B(1),(2),(3)
Automatically declassified on
Date Impossible to Determine
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Page
Introduction .......................................................
Trade Between the United States and Africa: Value and Geographical
Distribution, 1972 (map) .......... 2
Discussion
Perspective: Africa's Economic Relations with the West ...............
US-African Trade .................................................
US Private Investment in Africa ...................................
US Aid to Africa .................................................
Economic .....................................................
i\Iilitary .......................................................
Outlook for US Trade and Investment ..............................
1. United States: Imports from Africa, by Region and Country........ 9
2. United States: Exports to Africa, by Region and Countryy ......... 111
:3. United States: Imports from Africa, by Major Product, 1972....... 11
-1. United States: Principal Imports from Africa, 1972 ................ 12
IS. United States: Imports for AVlhich Africa is an Appreciable Source,
1972 ....................................................... 1:3
(i. United States: Exports to Africa, by Major Product, 1972 .......... I'I
7. United States: Principal Exports to Africa, 1972 .................. 15
8. U nited States: Exports for \\'hieh Africa is an Appreciable Market,
1972 ....................................................... 15
9. United States: Estimate- Stock of Private I)irect Investment in
Africa and Worldwide ....................................... I (i
10. United States: Estimated Stock of Private Direct Investment in
Africa, by Industry ......................................... 16
11. United States: E,ononic Aid Coll, 'Ili tnumts to Africa ............. 17
12. United States: Military Aid Commitments to Africa .............. 18
13. Africa: Basic Economic Data, by Country ....................... 19
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Country Data Sheets
Page
Page
Algeria ......................
22
Morocco ....................
16
Angola ......................
24
Mozambique .................
.I8
Cameroon ...................
2(i
Nigeria ......................
00
Egypt .......................
28
Sierra Leone .................
2
Ethiopia ....................
.30
South Africa .................
5.1
Gabon ......................
32
Sudan .......................
56
Ghana ......................
34
Tanzania.......
55
Ivory Coast .................
3fi
Tunic>ia......................
60
Kenya ......................
38
Uganda .....................
62
Liberia ......................
40
Zaire ........................
61
Libya .......................
42
Zambia .....................
(iG
Malagasy Republic ...........
. 1-1
Appendix
Weaknesses in the Investment Data ............................... 69
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This handbook is a compendium of information on US economic ties with
Africa. The handbook starts with a short treatment of the economic interests of
the West in Africa and continues with a general discussion of key features of
US-Africa trade, US investment in Africa, and US aid to Africa. Detailed
statistical tables present information, by region and a,: ntry, on these topics, as
well as basic economic data on individual African countries. A second part of
the handbook consists of data sheets on the 23 African countries that account
for 95% of US trade with Africa. The sheets include broad economic data and
information on foreign trade, investment, and aid, with emphasis on economic
ties to the United States. Because of rounding, figures in the statistical tables
and the data sheets sometimes do not add to the totals shown.
The term investment in this handbook normally refers to the cumulated
value of all foreign-owned assets in an African country at a given time rather
than to the addition to assets made in any given year. A short appendix
describes some of the glaring weaknesses in the data on foreign investment in
Africa.
NOTE: Comments and queries regarding this publication are welcomed. They
25X1A may be directed to of the Office of Economic Research, ('ode 193,
Extension 6909.
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TRADE BETWEEN THE UNITED STATES AND AFRICA:
VALUE AND GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION, 1972
SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA
1,555 50
(EXCEPT SOUTH AFRICA)
Nigeria
385 12
Ghana
123 4
Angola
116 4
Ivory Coast
114 4
Liberia
94 3
Ethiopia
82 3
Zaire
80 3
Cameroon
61 2
Kenya
53 2
Uganda
52 2
Malagasy Republic
48 2
Mozambique
41 1
Zambia
37 1
Tanzania
33 1
Sier a Leone
30 1
Sudan
30 1
Gabon
24 1
All others (21 countries)
150 5
BOtSwalla
Algeria 202 6
Libya 201 6
Egypt 93 3
Morocco 69 2
Tunisia 63 2
Rep. ;.G1 `d otho
South A'rfca
Million US S Percent
',SOUTH AFRICA' 933 30
'Including, In a customs union, Botswana,
l.esotllo, South-West Africa, and Swaziland.
Million US S Percent
NORTHERN TIER 628 20
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Perspective: Africa's Economic Relations with the West
1. Economic relations between Africa I and the developed countries are
essential for tumid economic progress in Africa. At the sane time--except for
gold from South Africa and petroleum from Algeria, Libya, and Nigeria-most
these relations are presently of minor importance to the United States and the
other nations of the developed Western world.2 't'rade with Africa represents
only about 5'%o of total Western trade. Direct investments in Africa constitute
only S%-10'%( of all Western foreign investments by private business firms;
3%-.5% in South Africa alone. As for aid, it substantial part of British, French,
and Belgian foreign aid goes to Africa. In the past several years, 7% of US foreign
aid has been committed to the area.
2. The interest of European and American importers and investo-,s in
Africa hits focused on primary products, such as petroleums, gold, diarutn(Is,
copper, iron ore, coffee, cocoa, cotton, and palm and vegetable oils. Other major
African exports are uranium, bauxite, phosphates, wood products, sugar, peanuts,
sisal, and wine. More than 35% of the West's imports from Africa in 1072 con-
sisted of petroleum. Gold has accounted for an additional 10%3
3. The exploitation of mineral resources almost certainly will continue to
characterize private foreign investment in Africa over the next decade. Invest-
ment in other branches of industry is less promising because of market
limitations (scattered populations and low incomes), a widespread movement
toward nationalization, and scarcity of skilled manpower. !n gener?tl, African
countries (with the exception of South Africa.) have not been able to generate
sustained econo-aic momentum because:
? Agricultural production has barely Icel' up with rapid population
growth;
? Wide fluctuations in the prices of key exports-copper, cocoa, and
coffee-have inhibited orderly economic planning;
? Increases in exports have often been matched by increases in im-
ports of consumer goods; and,
o (.iovernntents, racked by tribal animosities, have not acquired the
political strength and admuinistr:ttive expertise to sponsor effective economic
(levelopn-ent programs.
I Africa for this handbook includes all the countries of the African continent,
Malagasy Republic, and M'latn?i"ins.
2 As regards trade, in this handbook, the developed Western world consists
of the market economies of Europe, North America, Japan, Australia, and New
Zealand; and as regards investment,, the \Vest is limited to the III of these
countries that constitute the 1)evelopnent Assistance Committee (I)A(') of the
Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD).
:1 This is -t rough estimate, which in oludes an allowance for the substantial
volume of g(.'d sales that is not reflected in the normal world trade data. (Gold
sales are often treated, in foreign trade accounts, not. as items of trade but as
sales to financial institutions.)
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?1. Since World War II, US economic relations with Africa have expanded
as part of the general rapid growth in US international trade, investment, and
foreign aid. Trade with Africa remains only a small share of total US foreign
trade-3% in 1972. From the African point of vie,- US-Africa trade is more
important, making up about one-tenth of the continent's trade in recent ,years.
(For detailed trade data on Africa, by region and country, see 'f'ables I and 2.)
The commodity flow is as follows:
a. US imports from Africa: petroleum, coffee, than onds, cocoa, fish,
iron, and other primary products (see Tables 3, 4, and 5).
b. US exports to Africa: industrial machinery, transportation equip-
ment, other manufactured goods, and foodstuffs (see Tables 6, 7, and 8).
5. Africa accounts for only 3% of US imports (see 'f'able 3). Foodstuffs
(vanilla, cloves, cocoa, coffee, and nuts), metallic ores, cotton, and diamonds
are among the few US imports for which Africa is an appreciable source (see
Table 5).
6. Africa has supplied some of the strategic materials the United States has
stockpiled to meet emergency needs-but not recently. No new foreign procure-
ment for the stockpiles has occurred since the mid-1960s; the President's
announced intent is to reduce their size and :,cope. Of the types of goods in
stockpiles. the United States imports from Africa substantial quantities of
manganese ores, chromium, rubber, silver, and platinum as well as smaller
quantities of e' oalt and columbium.
7. Africa accounts for only 3'%o of US exports. Machinery and transport
equipment, which account for more than half the commodities the United
States exports to Africa, constitute only V X, of the US market for such products
(see Table 0). From the overall point of view, the continent it important as a
market to the United States only in the case of oils and fats, of which Africa
takes 16'%;. In no other major commodity group does Africa's share exceed 5%
(see Table 8). From the point of view of many individual US business firms,
however, Africa is a leading customer (,-~.g., for mining equipment) or a leading
supplier of raw materials.
8. As for the gt:o raj)hical distribt Lion, South Africa (including the small
countries within its customs union) accounts for 30'i;. of tho total African trade
with th.~ United States (see the map). The five countries of the northern tier
account for another 20'%x. Nigeria represents a further 12'%x, and the remaining
37 states of sub-Saharan Africa share 38%.
9. South Africa has sizable two-way trade with the United States. Oil-rich
Nigeria. Algeria, and Libya have two-way trade with the United States on a
ninch smaller scale, exporting oil -.nd importing US transport, equipment,
machinery, and food. Sun-n-ary data for US trade with Africa and with the four
principal African trading partners, for 1972, follow:
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Million US$
To/From
Africa
To/From
World
Africa
US exports
1
US imports
r
1
100
3.1
South Africa
, X81 1
100
2.8
US exports
603
USJmports
39
1.2
Nigeria
330
21
0. ti
US exports
114
US imports
27
7
0.2
Algeria
1
17
0.5
US exports
98
US imports
0.2
Libya
104
7
7
0.2
US exports
85
US imports
6
0.2
116
7
0.2
10. US imports of Ghanaian cocoa and Angolan, Ivorlan, and Ethiopian
coffee place these countries ir. the second tier of the United States' African
tracing partners. Egypt and Morocco are customers for US oils and fats, food,
machinery, and transport equipment. Liberia exports iron ore and rubber
to the United States and takes a miscellany of products in return. Zaire, nearly
balanced its trade with the United States in 1972 by reducing it's imports of
US manufactures while maintaining exports of coffee, cobalt, and other ores
and minerals. (For detailed trade data for these and other African countries,
see the country data sheets.)
11. For the first time since 1959, the United States had an unfavorable
trade balance with Africa in 1972. US exports worldwide increased nearly 1.3%
in 1972 whereas exports to Africa shrank 4%,. US imports from Africa ros by
29%, compared with a 22%o increase in im;Norts worldwide. The decline in US
exports to Africa in 1972 was largely in the machinery and transport. equipment
and chemicals sectors. The increase of petroleum imports to US8476 million
in 1972, compared with 8162 million in 1971, largely accounted for the jump
in imports, as follows:
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Million US$
1972
1971
World
US exports
49,676
44,137
US imports
55,555
15,602
Balance
- 5 ,879
1 ,1165
Africa
US exports
1 535
1 ,667
US imports
1 ,581
1 ,227
Balance
-46
440
Change from 1971
to 1972
Million
US$
Percent
5,539
12.5
9,953
21.8
-132
--7.9'
354
28.9
12. The United States had a less favorable balance of trade with South
Africa and with the group of northern tier countries in 1972 compared with 1971.
The deficit with the remaining countries rose sharply, as follows:
Africa
46
.140
South Africa
273
339
Northern Tier
114
26.
Sub-Saharan Africa, except South Africa
--133
--164
13. US private direct investment in Africa prior to the 1940s was limited
mainly to rubuer plantations in Liberia and mining interests in Zambia and
South Africa. The scope of investment widened rapidly in the 1960s -amounting
to $1 billion in 1960, 82 billion in 1966, and $4 billion in 1972.' (For estimates of
US direct private investments, 1962-71, by region and country, see Table 9).
The rapid growth in investment has increased Africa's share of the US direct
foreign investment from 3% to 4.5%, as follows:
1960
2.9
1962
3.3
1961
3.8
1966
3.8
1968
4.1
1970
4.5
1971
4.5
1972 preliminary
4.5
data, see the Appendix.
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H. About half of U5 direct investment in South Africa is in manu-
facturing. Elsewhere in itfrica, more than 80%, is in extractive industries.
Petroleum and other extractive industries accounted at the end of 1971 for $2.8
billion of the $3.8 billion of US direct investment. (For estimates of US private
direct investment, by industry, since the end of 1960, see Table 10.)
15. US economic aid commitments to African countries in fiscal years
1962-72 totaled approximately S5 billion. About three-fourths of this amount
has been drawn. Most was official development assistance, of which AID ac-
counted for 45% and Food for Peace :38%. The balance consisted largely of
Export-Import Bank long-term loans. Economic aid to Africa has been divided
roughly half and half into loans and grants. Egypt, Morocco, Nigeria, Tunisia,
and Zaire together have received more than half of US economic aid. Algeria,
Ethiopia, Ghana, and Liberia have accounted for another 20'%. (For details on
US economic aid to Africa, see Table 11.)
Military
11 %; and Libya, 4%. (For drtails on US military aid to Africa, see Table 12.)
16. In the same period, US military assistance to Africa totaled $350 million.
Ethiopia received 40%% of the military aid; Morocco, 28%; Zaire, 12%0; Tunisia,
and natural industrial diamonds. Again, these minerals are found primarily in
19. Other important African minerals include tantalite, used in electronics;
petalite, used in the manufacture of special types of glass; crocidolite asbestos;
emission control systems.
African suppliers, together accounting for 22%4 of US imports in 1972. The US
automobile industry is seeking larger amount:; of platinum from South Africa for
refractory, and chemical industries. South Africa and Rhodesia are the principal
centrations in south; rn Africa. Chromite (chrome ore) is used in the metallurgical,
for more chromite and the platinum group metals, which are found in unique con-
Algeria. In addition, the United States no doubt will have to depend on Africa
recent major agreement for US imports of liquefied natural gas (LNG) from
18. Because of the growing shortage of fuels, US industry will attach in-
creasing importance to African petroleum and natural gas, as indicated by the
17. Although most African commodities are not now critical to US needs,
:heir importance clearly will increase. Africa supplies the United States with a
growing share of its crude petroleum (8%, in 1971 and 18% in 1972) and
possesses a large proportion of world reserves of various nonferrous minerals 5
a Mi'erals from Africa received in the United States via markets in Europe
or after processing in Europe and other foreign areas are outside the scope of this
handbook.
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white-dominated southern Africa. ;lfrica appears to provide no more t,; an a
small fraction of US imports of any of these cornmoditii;s other titan industrial
diamond:, 29`%, of which were from Africa in 15)72 (sec Table 5).
20. Africa is expected to continue to supply the United States with appre-
ciable amounts of manganese ore, beryllium, columbium, cobalt, antimony, and
other nonferrous ores and metals; pyrethrum (used in insc, ticides); precious
stones; and foodstuffs such as cocoa, tea, fish, vanilla, cloves, and nuts. Certain
commodities, such as bauxite and copper, which are not now imported from
Africa in large amounts, probably will be purchased in volume by US firms as
world supplies tighten over the next few years.
21. US manufactured goods find a ready acceptance in Africa. African
countries that are benefiting from rising sales of petroleum and other raw
materials constitute a growing market for US machine tools, transport equip-
ment, construction equipment, consumer durables, and other industrial products.
US oils and fats will be sold in increasing volume in northern African countries.
22. Continued growth of US private investment in Africa is to be expected,
especially in t,.roleum and other extractive industries. US investment almost
certainly will broaden into other fields, including manufacturing, as the growth
of African exports permits rapid modernization in a few countries, particularly
those with extensive oil resources. A number of the poorer African countries will
continue to be torn by the wish to modernize rapidly and the desire to limit
foreign influence in their economies.
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111lileal SlnleN: Imports from Africa, by Region and C'ountry
19(2
19011
1965
1966
1967
1968
1969
1970
1971
1972
'Dotal Africa I
725.4
922. I
870.2
970.9
M97.11
I .115,1) 1
,010.5
I ,103.5
I ,231
0
1 584.3
Northern 'T'ier
52.2
011,3
132,8
011.8
71.11
I4?1 .?1
16 1 .5
811 '1
.
0
102
257
2
Algeria
5,:3
5,3
5.3
:3.0
:1.1
5.:3
2.3
11.,1
.
111
8
.
1111.?1
Egypt?
23.1
2?1.3
16.2
17.8
15,0
36,1)
38,1)
22.1)
,
111
1
1)
113
Libya
11 .8
28,0
311,5
67.3
36.3
80.7
1111,0
311, I
.
51
2
.
2
1 10
Morocco
10,13
7.0
11.3
11,8
12.11
10.6
8,13
0.li
.
13
11
,
?1
11
Tunisia
I.?1
1 . 1
4,5
2.'
4,1)
:3,21
2,0
3.1)
.
5
11
.
8
3
Suh-Snlilt 'nn Africa
11911.5
860 . S
795.0
875.11
817.2
1178.3
875.7
I ,1)11).5
,
1 ,121
9 1
.
323
7
Southern White 1(ctlouht
311).1
321 , 1
2!10,8
:322,1)
:310
1)
352
1
317
11
:374
4
.
11
?
.
South Africa (including
four others in custollis
union)
l
851,13
2,13.5
225.1
251) . 5
.
228 .3
,
255.7
.
2 I7 .:3
?
288.1
?
111.!1
287.8
458,11
:3:311.1
I
ortllguesI` Itl'1'lls
?15. 1
fill .3
511) .?i
133.0
76.11
114,8
70 .5
85.11
112
3
2
115
Angola
38, 7
55,5
?18.:3
53.2
1)2,1)
711,8
5.1,4
138,2
,
911
2
.
1)
8!1
INI on Ill bill tit,
13.?1
8,8
7A
11.8
13.11
18,11
16, 1
17.7
.
22
1
.
11
25
I?hollesia
1:3,:3
10.0
11,?1
0,13
1 ,13
11.1
0, 1
.
11
8
.
12
4
Wtst Africa
105.1
350.:3
2:38,0
251),1
324,7
274.1)
280.3
:328.3
.
:399
5
.
:527
5
Francophone
011.?1
50.2
1111,8
52.1
80,1)
68,11
99.7
,
87
I
.
1113
8
Ivory ('oust
311.2
61 A)
?15.9
115.2
18.1
711.1
53.6
92.2
,
82
8
.
8
!11
001 1-1-S3
2.2
5.4
?I.3
4,11
?1.0
7.5
4.?1
7.5
,
1
13
.
1
5
Anglophone
122.1
123.7
12:3. 1
112.2
1 11 .:3
122.0
155,8
1711,11
.
2.58
9
.
.
5
37I
(ikons
04.5
77.8
58.8
?111,?1
57.3
78,2
68?5
90.7
.
105
(1
.
1)
79
Nigeria
47.7
35.2
58.8
51.7
1:3.7
311,:3
70.8
71.3
1
1311.2
.
11
270
Sierra IIUh'e
11.9
111.7
5.4
1.1.1
10.3
8.4
I0.5
8,0
23
1
.
11
V2.1
Gambia
Ncgl.
0.1
Ntgl.
Nugl.
Nell.
N'gl.
Negl.
.
N(-gl
,
Nu
l
I.iher'ia
:3I .:3
?1x,11
511.7
58,9
52.:3
51.1
60,3
51),11
.
4!1
0
.
g
5
:52
Of hers I
f1,:3
8.8
H m
15,2
11,0
1.1 .11
6.2
7.7
,
1.2
.
:3
7
hquatorial Africa
70.7
102.3
1 1 1 . 4
1 1 0 . 1
100.8
133.9
1 1 ) 1 . 5
105.7
108
1
.
1 1 7
3
Francophone
I9.6
29.0
:38.I
57.3
U).8
02.1
50.7
4:3.1
.
12.1)
.
8
II
('ntneroon
6.8
10,1)
1:3.2
27.7
22,0
2:1.7
Ili.!
25,3
1!1
8
.
2:3
8
Gabon
7.1
1 0. 9
1 2 . 5
1 1 , 8
I I . ? 1
1 1. 7
8.9
,
12
11
.
I
11
Ol lers
Zair
I(l, l
11.3
1.1.0
17.1
16. (1
2.1.0
22.9
11.2
.
1
U.S
.
!1.!I
e
118.1
48,8
38.:3
44.9
10.1
?12.0
:31), 1
40,0
1:3
3
.12
11
Ot.h('r 6
3,0
21.5
18.0
16,9
16.9
1!1,8
17.1
21.7
.
22
5
1
6
29
East Afric?it
!111.11
156. 9
140. 0
151.2
151.O
180.4
1:18.-l
177.2
.
171
2
.
0
1 74
Anglopucme
50 . ?1
97.:3
01).2
07.2
83.1
130.1
81.1
!113,11
.
95
:3
.
100
2
Kenya
'
'
15.1
3.1.:3
1:3.1
21.5
1:3.7
19.7
15.11)
32.8
,
25.0
.
17
1
i
11117,1tnitt
12.2
1.1.1
11,1
16,0
11.5
21.13
20.3
13.8
111
7
.
1
21
Ugitndlt
29.1
413,1
-12,7
57,3
1.1.2
51.7
42.2
117.5
.
13
2
.
I
19
/,nmbi8
12,5
2.3
1.5
10.7
31,?1
:3,11
I.!1
,
M
6
.
2
11
Ethiopia
29.5
5:3.2
63.13
15
2
51
1
?10
1
4
5
I
.
,
Slnlal)
1 ,3
13.0
13,13
.
13,3
.
H. -
.
7.1
?
..
8.7
67.3
11.8
lit If
11
5
57 .8
2
12
Others
0.7
0..1
11,13
2.5
2.1
2.5
I . I
2.1
.
:3
1
.
:3 .i
Indian Ocean Islands
I8.7
19.!)
31.8
25
7
8
23
?11
3
3
.
DlaIagasy Republiv
15.8
18.2
29, 1
.
22.5
.
22.1)
.
37.A
1.0
27.8
:33.9
:31.7
111.11
311
(1
11).!1
(I
37
Mauritius
2.1)
1.7
2.7
:3.2
1.2
3.9
13.8
2.2
,
5.3
.
9
11
Errors mill oillissit)ils
21 .3
5.3
12.4
5.1
8.8
7.7
:3.:3
0.1
4.1
.
3.4
I The value of (IS imports-Lo.b.-eXCeeds Lanar shown elsewhere in this handbook for recto(. ytals hecnuso of it brondtr gtogrnphicul
definition of Africa that includes It few islands other than the Malagasy Republic and Mauritius.
'Che Rhodesian figure for 1902 includes values for ZILrnbilt and Ntniawi, which are leliovrd to ho smllll.
Dahomey, Mali, Mauritania, Niger, Senegal, 'l'ogo, and tipper Volta.
I Guinea, Portuguese Guinea, and Spanish Sahara.
Central African Republic, Chad, and Congo.
Burundi, Equatorial Guinea, and Rwanda.
7 Malawi and Somalia.
CONFIDENTIAL 9
Approved For Release 2000/09/14: CIA-RDP85T00875R001500200011-8
 Approved For Release 2000/09/14: CIA-RDP85T00875R001500200011-8
CONFIDENTIAL
'f'able 2
11111le6 N(nleH: ExporlH to Africa, I;y Region and Country
1962
I913d
196x)
I966
1967
I!)({H
TWO Africa I
Norlh
'I'i
IMS.3
I ,261 .H
I ,2(I 1,(1
I 299 . 2
1 ,I 12.1
I ,250,5
I 370. 1
1 ,556,1
1 ,669.8
I
538
4
rru
er
Al
rrh
126.7
-1'111.3
:11.1
112,5
285,2
:lI I
1611, 7
:185, 2
:31{1{,11
.
,
:37 1
1
g
t
E
t
.11),It
61.11
211,5
I6 .7
:32.7
52,8
(C3,8
III .8
H2.:!
,
p7.7
gyp
,
IJb
lk
234.1
2117.11
158.0
186.3
(11{,2
48,5
1{7,2
811,1{
1{2,!1
76
I
y
\l
'
13,11
58,111
01.7
517,7
85,1
1 11.11
131, I
104, 1
77
7
-
85
1
orot
co
Till
i
5:, '.1{
17.4
55 .3
.115.11
111.1
1111. /
112,8
1411.1
.
102.1
.
57
8
s s
lt
Sulr-Snharnu Afrte
15.11
:12.1
11.11
1:3.2
52, 1
48.5
51 .8
411,3
?11.7
,
11
5.1
a
Soulhrrn 1\hitr
SI2.7
751.5
81111,!1
8!1:3.({
8;111.7
1111{.2
I 0011, ( { 1
, 1 7 1, 8
I:11111, 8
,
I, 1 63.7
IN-doubt
South Africa (in-
251{.0
42'3,1
183.7
-13!1,2
'175.1{
510.11
51111.5
1{28,2
684.7
115,5
eluding four
othrts in rus-
lolus union)
1'
019.0
311'2,7
'117.8
100.5
426.6
151{,1)
507.5
568,(
627.2
(11)3
11
ortugurse Itrras
A
h
11,11
18,3
2:3.1
:11 .2
I I,11
52.11
,i8. ; )
,111,7
56.8
,
8
-11
ngo
t
I nY
a
hi
11. 1
11 ,2
18.3
17.2
:35,?1
:31{,8
32.11
38, 1
35.7
.
21{
0
.
an
(I UV
It h
d
7 .11
7.1
8.8
1.1.0
!1.5
I1,2
211.5
21.1{
21
1
.
8
1
1
o
vsinl
\\'
111 ,'1 a
I. I
22.8
7 . 5
:3,8
2,11
((.5
0.5
.
11
7
,
,
0
7
rst Africa
E
I1.1
181 ,!I
1118.2
250. 5
211'1 , 1
200.1
25,3.0
:312. 1
.
34-1
1
.
11
278
raacophonle
('
I
24.1
:35.8
27.6
10.8
:12.2
32.0
49.1
59, 8
.
56,41
.
,)
511
vory
oast
O
h
?l
7.8
I1), (I
11 .1)
2:3.2
1:1.2
12.4
1!16
36.3
21.(1
,
22
:3
f
rrs
A
l
Ilia
17,8
16.6
17.1{
11).))
1!1,(1
21).5
23,5
:35.8
.
:37
2
ng
ophone
Gh
51i5
1)1,0
12.2
I Ii I .11
113.5
1 I If,!)
I.1:3 .8
196.3
2:10.6
.
16.1)
ana
N
22.8
25,1)
36.3
,12.6
12.11
56.1)
62. 1
58,!)
8
51
1:3
1{
igeria
Si
L
:33.:3
1 il.2
7 1 .1
1113 .()
1{3 . 1
26.2
72.3
12S.7
.
168.4
,
11.1
5
erra
eone
(i
b
3. I
I ,6
11.0
5.2
6,:t
7.(1
8.I
8,:3
(i.2
,
5
1{
anl
llt
I
ih
i
11,:3
I.I
I ,I{
0. 6
I),')
11.7
(I,S
1).1
1
2
.
(I
8
,
vr
a
1
O
h
51,0
35,3
39.1
:38, 1
48,4
:38, 1
11.6
16,3
.
42.7
,
11
2
t
ers
I':
11,7
13.11
5.1
19.2
10.0
9.8
I8,4
O,7
!1
1:3
.
128
(I lilt torinl Afrtcn
E
71).11
81.8
9(1.1
82.1
118.7
73.6
7:3. If
97.7
.
6
124
1110
5
rancophorlr
('
8.8
12.6
14 .0
15,11
17.8
1!15.1
26.7
:30. 7
.
2
:35
.
57
:3
nuuv'oon
G
b
1.:3
,5 8
7.2
6. I
V. 8
1(1.2
13.7
18.9
.
4
11
,
37
11
a
on
O
h
'
'2.1
4.14
5,3
5.1)
4.3
1.:3
7,9
6.4;
.
li
l
,
1:3
1
t
ers
'
/
i
2.-1
2.0
2,5
:3.!)
:3.7
5.0
5. 1
5.2
.
14.7
.
1{
!I
,n
rr
O
h
"
118.8
1{5.8
70.1
56,9
'17.8
50.7
13.8
({2.11
81.2
,
37
3
t
er:,
t Af
E
i
2.0
a.4
.i,'1
III.'.'
3. i
3. 1
8.1
5,11
5.2
.
5
it
as
r
ca
A
l
i8 .!1
62.8
!1114
107.6
111(f.:3
121.5
92.5
121.11
8
1:35
.
123
1
ng
ophone
I
I8.2
32.8
50.7
7-1.:3
70,'1
65.({
58,!1
8o.9
.
118
8
.
71
8
tlya
'I'
1 1 , 8
1:3.11
27.9
19 .5
19.8
H. I
:31 .1
.
.10.5
.
2
5
arl7ntnin
U
I
2.-1
(1.0
If.9
8.2
9.3
12.11
111.2
II,li
1:3.3
.
11 If
gal(
ll
%
I
1 (I
I ,({
2.1
:,/.I)
:1.!)
:3. 1
:3.:3
1 .:.'
11.7
!)
2
nIn
li it
Ethi
i
....
11.8
18.2
311.2
:17.7
29,5
26.3
:1O.8
:38,:3
.
11
1
op
a
Stlditlt
2.2
I2.5
21.O
15.6
14,8
46,3
21.5
2;1.7
26.1
,
24
1
()lh
7
12.1)
15,5
1.1 .5
13.8
15.7
6, 2
7.0
li, 1)
1{.I
.
18
2
rrs
I
di
O
4.1{
2.1)
1.2
:1.9
.i . I
G. l
.i , 1
1
8
1
.
11
:3
n
all
cean Islands
\l
i
:3,11
.i.!)
5.2
.i.2
if
7.1
1:3.11,
11
!1
.
1{
II
.
In
1
n
ngasy Itepublic
1 .0
3.!1
1 .2
:3. 1
6.1)
11 .:+
.
7,O
.
7.8
.
11
5
Mauritius
E
1 . 1
I it
.3
1.0
1.11
1,1
1,1
1.11
:1.8
.
:3
1)
rrors and omissions
I .I
2.0
3.4
6.9
2.8
(I.I
(I.2
1).6
2.1
,
:3,!
The value of US exports -- f.o.b. --exreeds that shown elsewhere in this handbook for recent mars because of it broader geogral)hiraI
definition of Africa Ihat, includes it few islands other II12u1 the Malagasy Republic aril \latiritins.
The 10hodrsinn figure for 1962 Includes etdues for Zambia and Malawi, which ore believed to br smatll.
f1 Dahonu?y, \111li, \laurilanin, Niger, Senegal, 'l'ogo, and Upper Volta.
(luinva, Portuguese (iuinea, and Spanish Sahara.
('eutral African Republic, Chad, and Congo.
Burundi, Equatorial Guint'a, and ltwanda.
7 \lnhtx'i and Somalia.
10 CONFIDENTIAL
Approved For Release 2000/09/14: CIA-RDP85T00875R001500200011-8
 Approved For Release 2000/09/14: CIA-RDP85T00875R001500200011-8
CONFIDENTIAL
Iluiled Slnles: Imporlta from Africa, by Major I'roducl, 11172
'T'otal
hood, br~rrnl(es, lw;l lobaceir
Of tchia?li:
I'uffee
('ul in
Fish and produces
NugnI and produces
Nuts IcDCUnuls, I{rnzil, and enshew)
Tull
Vanilla
I{eaeraps nail lohacco
Vegetables
I'lm?rs
('rode inedible materials
Of which:
('rode robber
Iran ore nad cunernU'ates
\IungitII e on, mill ctilln-lill"Ovs
Industrial diamm11ds
'1'rstile fibers lioeluding tcool, eol1oa,
nod sisal)
Pulp and n:ts(r paper
I'IaIII ., .reds, and flim,vI lineludiIt g
pyres hrlrltt I
Ilides and skins
Chni re urr and conceoU:ttt?s
\VDOd :uid lunlbt'r?
.\shestos (includin(; oruridolilrl
\Iioernl furls Mid lobtIItIls
()f 15'111'11:
('rvdr pefrulrora
Oil
s an
d fi
lls
('henrie'tl`
Of which:
1(adiunctive tanlrrials
\Innufurturirig );Dods, b}? materials
Of which:
Nonindustrial dianunoIs (stDm'si
Iron ;tad steel (nlnRlly ferronuutlnnes,,
frrroehrome, and other ferroallDys)
('()Pi r
Aluntintlin
'I'estil?? v:u?ns aad Inhrit?s
Silver and plntinuur group metals
Nickel
zille
Lead
\\'ui l nuundhctures (nonturliturt?)
Paper :utd tu:urufactures
Machinery, equipment, aad Ill isrelIll aeuus
manufactures
l:nclassified
I\1lillioa Iltiw
ferceninge
Share of
US mporI4
1 5H0,7
2.N
,1111:3.3
7.111
{211,5
25.6
11().11
II.(1
27.1
2.11
20, 1
22,0
17.S
20,3
11, 1
S7 ,
11.
1 .11
M
3.3
X11.2
IIi7,11
.I
28.11
i 1 3
21.1
11.11
22.1
IiI.I
II.1
211.1
10.5
5,3
h?2
I .li
S.1
33. 1
111.111
5.7
li, I
23.0
i.S
11.5
a.ll
1 .I
190. 1;
10.2
17,1.!1
1S .3
10.0
.11.11
l.i, I
U
I.d
1.11
3113,9
2.7
133,3
211.9
I3.0
1 5
25.3
I.!1
1!1.5
G.3
18.7
1 .2
IR.:{
II) 8
I
111.11
:1. 7
2.7
1.2
3.7
(I.li
3. 1
11.2
7.5
NegI.
O1. I
1 .d
CONFIDENTIAL 1 1
Approved For Release 2000/09/14: CIA-RDP85T00875R001500200011-8
Africa's
 Approved For Release 2000/09/14: CIA-RDP85T00875R001500200011-8
CONFIDENTIAL
United States: Principal Imports from Africa, 1972
Million Us.$
('ruck Iw(41, Jk11U11
('off(P
?176
N(IIJin(Illstrlal di:uaIOnds (stou(.s)
('u(m
Fish 1111d products
I
!III
5 8
ran and st(?c?I (n(ostly ferronutnl;an(.se, Irrrn(?Iu?onu., Jill(] ollupr
ferroalloy,;)
('rude rul bvi.
Iii
tiu~a, :end Irr((clnc?ts
211
27
Copper (h a(xs and Irrunzc.)
25
Nuts mill t(~(LaIJI(s
25
Iron on, an(] (m(?entrates
\I
21
:[fJ);anc?:;r on Jan(] (?on(?(?ntr:Jt(-s
;Uurninuiu
22
"
'
20
I
exIiI(, Yarlis and fabrics
Tva
19
tiila(v? :[fill IrlalinunI group 11:0a1s
is
CONFIDENTIAL
Approved For Release 2000/09/14: CIA-RDP85T00875R001500200011-8
 Approved For Release 2000/09/14: CIA-RDP85T00875R001500200011-8
CONFIDENTIAL
IJIIitetl Slates: Imports for Which Africa is an Appreciable Source, 1972
Vanilla
('loves
Hang:uu-se MT nntl eoncenlr:rtes
I3crylliunt, colunthitanl, and other ores of non-
ferrous base Iactals
('()colt
I'lants, seeds, and flowers (including; pyrcl ltruln',
III(I1IXtrlul (liltntontls
Cotton fibers
Coffee
Chronic on, and concentrates
Cobalt, antimony, and other nonferrmas base
anetals
Nuts (coconuts, Brazil, and cashew)
Nonindustrial diamond:: (>Iones)
Tea
('rude Iictrolctlau
Sisal !ill(] other ;tg;aves
Crude I-libbei.
Si1\'er and I)hLtinunt grout) metals
Iron ore and
concentrates
Hides ;tad skins
Oils and fats
Africa's
I'crcen(aage
Share of
Million IJS$ US Imports
814
hll
till
!111
11
:33
II
211
I
27
:3211
26
fl)
2:1
1.)
22
20
22
1:3:3
21
I's
2Q
176
18
I
15
j
II
IS
I(1
li
7
G
I11
li
CONFIDENTIAL
Approved For Release 2000/09/14: CIA-RDP85T00875R001500200011-8
 Approved For Release 2000/09/14: CIA-RDP85T00875R001500200011-8
hailed Slates: Exports to Africa, by Major Product, 1972.
Million IJS$
Africa's
Percentage
Shure of
US Exports
't'otal
1 ,53,.O
:3.1
hood, hevcr?al;es, 811(i tobacco
19:3.`3
2.9
('rude invdihle nutt(rinis
Of which:
."i2.13
I .0
'I'extil{':; files s
29.2
:3.1)
Pulls and wade paper
11()
2.3
('rude ruhh(r?
' 1 .2
2.1
llinertl fuels and lubricants
Of which:
:'1 .h
1 .3
Petroleum products
21 .7
?1.9
Oils and fats
82.9
Ili.2
('h(aticals
1(1:3 .7
2..1
1lnnttfact.uring goods, by rn;tlcriais
Of which:
1.17.5
2.11
't'extile yarn and fabrics
:32.1
?1.1
11?011 and steel fil VIII
-8.I!
1\la(hinvey and transport, e(luil)nrcnt,
5(17.1
:3.7
Nonelectrical nim-hinery
1(14.1
?1.2
IIectrical nurcljirtcry
IS 1.O
2.2
'I'r:utspot't equipment,
319.(
:3.11
\1isce!lan(otls autnufact.ur?es
til).:3
2.,1
Unclassified
29.'1
1 .9
Special category (ntililary supplies)
1:3.1)
N.A.
14 CONFIDENTIAL
Approved For Release 2000/09/14: CIA-RDP85T00875R001500200011-8
 Approved For Release 2000/09/14: CIA-RDP85T00875R001500200011-8
CONFIDENTIAL
Unite:I Stales: Principal 1$xporls to Africa, 1971
\l,i I(inerV?
'I'rrrnslxa?t c(luil-n((-lit Food, biwernt;es, 1111(1 tobacco
('lumricals
Oils and flits
('ru(le inedible nurte'?ial:+ (no)(uels) inclu(lint, fibers, cru(lc
r(II-Iwr, and pulp
\1(rnufnctures (misc(?llnmrus Mill ol,lu~r)
United States: Exports for Which Africa is an Appreciable Market, 1972)
Africa's
Percentage
Share in
Million Us" US Exports
Oils and fats
Petrojellin products
Machinery and transport, equipment,
't'extile fibers
CONFIDENTIAL 15
Approved For Release 2000/09/14: CIA-RDP85T00875R001500200011-8
 Approved For Release 2000/09/14: CIA-RDP85T00875R001500200011-8
CONFIDENTIAL
IIll if^d Stnfrfi: Fill lilt nlyd `'for It of I'rivnte I)Irrri I'pcrulmwll In Aft len will \Yorldnlift-
191.2
196:1
191; I
1!11;:1
l9 ;c,
1967
1!11.8
1191;!)
1970
1971
'I'ulnl
f
i
?
:17 .221;
40 (;HG
4 I ,:IHI;
19 .328
51
711
59
, IH(;
1.1 ,9H:I
71 ,011.
7H .1 7s
H(; ,()01
l
1
a
N
h
'
I ,:'.11;
I , 120
I ,1111:;
1 ,014
,11';:1
'!
;1'311
:1,1;,411
1!,118:!
1, I`.'
:1
nrl
rru
Pier
I
Ih
N.A.
N. A,
N. A,
131:3
1{111
';111
1111
11;1';
I ,:!';I1
,:11:1
,
ytl
Al
N. \.
N.1\,
II1:!
?1 s
:1.41)
1'11
1;74
787
I ,111:!
1111
l,rrill
NI
'
.
N. A.
N.\.
N. A.
0:1
7:!
INI
';1
75
1s
10
urul
I
o
t
d'I'
i
f
I'
`'
N.A.
N.A,
N.A.
2:'
:NI
:32
:II
:34
nfi
I:yp
nn
i
ll
N.A,
N,i\.
N. A.
1110
Ilu
151
162
111:1
1.4:!
4,
Soh-Nfililt fill Afrirn
N.,\.
N,A.
N.A.
I :SI15
1
171
1
7
i 3113
2q
11
'
s
l h
(
,
i
,
,;!1111
?
1;!11
ou
rie t
A
3.17
11 1
1117
5.!11
61111
1.60
1111;!
35;1
41;`3
111;
1\nl!Inphuu''
(.h
N.A.
': A.
N.,\,
:127
:194
-153
.127
5413
fit;1
8:32
fina
Nil,rriu, Sierra Lvonr, Hall
N.A.
N. iv
N.A.
40
51
17
15
5:1
71
77
(;fiulbla
'
'
N. A.
N.A.
N, A.
1:37
:3112
.351
211:)
:107
:3'.111
116:3
I
Ken.-,n,
nur.nniu, fond Ill;fittda
Z
N. A.
N.A.
N.A.
:313
:30
31
11
17
511
lip
ambia, 111nlnwi, fond I(hudrsin
rancophonv ((.xrlu(lifilt (;uinrn
N.A.
N.A.
N.,%.
I(Li
I I2
121
145
1711
204
2:111
lull N1ull?;fisy Republic)
Z
;
N.A.
N.,\.
N.A.
1::
167
1411
1411
HIS
2I,
2:11
a
rv
i1
I
N. A.
N.1\,
N. A.
III
III
111
:3
23
:12
11)
rrin
,
Oth
'
181
1117
1811
201
207
17.1
171
172
187
191
ers
N. A.
N. A.
N.A.
1
811
80
131
191
2411
251)
Data are its of '?nd of year and are for hunk values, l"e: t :e countrirs other Ihnu I,ihyn, Snutii Africa, lull Lihrrin, figures are
subject to wide error. For it discussion of the winkIiisses in ifivrsltuent data, see the Appendix.
Including Spanish Africa,
Including I';thiopin, Souutliu, Sudan, the I'ortugnrsr Irrrl(orirr. (;uiniit, llnIswilml, the MJLlIL;asy Ripuhhc, and fill islands.
United Staten: Estimated Stock of Private Direct Investment in Afrirn, by Industry
Total I Vning and Smelting
Petroleum
Manufacturing
Other
Million
US$ Million US$
Percent
Million US$
Percent
Milli:nt US$
Percent
Million US$
Percent
1960
925 247
21;.7
407
44.0
118
12.8
I53
11;
5
10(11
I 067 285
26. 7
191
40.0
113
10.1;
178
.
113
7
1962
i 2.10 :307
24.7
627
50
3
1.11
11
3
.
1903
I ,426)
3.19
24 ..5
702
.
49.2
177
.
11.1.11
171
1114
1:3.7
!)
13
11)1)",
1 ,685
358
21.2
88:3
52.4
227
13.5
217
,
12.9
4(;5
I ,1)18
80.1
11). 0
1 ,029
53.7
292
15.2
233
12
1
196(;
2075
368
17.7
I ,104
53.2
333
16.1
270
.
13.0
1967
2,273
400
17.(3
I ,219
53. 6
:170
16.3 3
28,11
fi
12
1008
2 ,1380
395
111.8
1 ,565
58.11
?103
15.0
:317
.
11.8
141313
2,982
427
14.3
I 763
.59.1
.15:3
15.2
331)
11 .11
1970
3,482
454
13.0
2,08(3
59.9
538
15.5
404
11 .6
971
3 ,833
494
12.9
2,28.1
59.1;
1;II
15.0
414
II.li
Data are as of end of your and are for book values.
16 CONFIDENTIAL
Approved For Release 2000/09/14: CIA-RDP85T00875R001500200011-8
 Approved For Release 2000/09/14: CIA-RDP85T00875R001500200011-8
CONH-IDLNTIAI.
?
'
I I8,5
1'21 .0
:170,5
360.1
:12J. 1
:1:111.5
2711.11
:159. I
1(;2.7
Noll horn
I
irr
:1:1
:1'111.;
:!:310
1117 s
1:!1{7
li
1:'!11
!IS .:.
41.7
1109
:11:1:!,11
i\ Ij',i't in
!I 0
09
L" ?t
I5. I
111, I
I:I,:!
;!,11
2.:!
1(111
;!I 11
I;y,ylll
:!110.5
,oil
11:1.5
17 l{
:'.'i .l{
1:1.13
1111.0
I?Ibya
1.4
12 :1
7.3
1.3
I:!
I.I
17
11.4
N tya,
Motor''"
'
14.:3
6 1
311 11
33.li
5'7'1
If) '
7:{.5
I I I{
I'urllnia
Sub-Sit lilt an Afliea (inclutliny SoulIt
17
115,;!
13.11
.!u4
5t.. 1)
51.:!
Ili 7
45.7
SI.I
98,4
Anita)
337.3
,!511.'1
.217 3
:%!:t.:!
?
.!1:1.4
:!37.4
1!11.7
:!:1.. o
1111.3
212,:!
229.
8
Sotilltrlll %Vhlit, Ilr(Io11111
"()ill it Africa (including four
(1lhtv'n in ruvlurun unian)
I'orlugurse area:+, conn!:'l!Hg of
Angola and 1Inrtuubi41111-
11.7
Negl.
II.6
U, I
I).5
I it
5,2
8.1
!.5
1;1
71{
4.11
1;!.,5
11'rsl Africa
I67.7
I IIi.I
127 .0
120.7
4,i,ill
!17.2
121 11
171;.3
121,11
113.2
I11.11
Vnincolthonc
I
'
'
15.11
17.7
21 .1)
13.0
21 .2
y
1!1,:1
.11 S
111,7
:!1; . l
20.2
35.(1
vol
y (
otu'4
h
'
O
2,5
5.1)
4.11
1
, 5.7
I ?1
:2'.4
4.11
11;.8
2.1
21 1;
ers
f
13.1
12.7
11;.11
8.2
15,5
17.11
9, 1
11.7
11.1;
14.1
I:3 1
Anglophnn''
129.4
:17.1
1!4.9
11 .7
15.3
IN{ 1
117.1
121 .11
40,3
fill. r,
58.11
(;htultr
Ni
1112.2
3.11
4.11
2,11
1).I
35,:1
:37.1
21).9
:31.2
22!.I
15.1
geria
25.0
311, 1
51 1)
311, 1
30.2
211.4
25.7
87.1
52. 1
III.1
:3!1,4
tiirrra Lronr
(;
b
2.1;
3.1)
13.11
t,li
5 .5
3.11
3.8
1.2
2
.1
4.7
:3 ..5
In
ill
NegI.
Negl.
NogI.
0.1
0.2
().I
0.2
0.7
1) .:3
1 .:3
(1.5
Liberia
O
h
'1
I1 .9
10,2
10.4
42.2
11.7
10.2
8,5
13.1)
8.0
II .1)
17 .:1
l
ers
i
E
11).4
15.11
10.4
20.8
7.3
I.8
?1.5
21.7
1.2
12.5
0.7
quator
al Africa
V
102.11
80.0
39.11
:37.1;
44.(1
17.1
:3(1.1
18.);
17.11
:35.9
21.1
rancopbonr
('
1 5 . 2
, .-1
8.8
10. 1
5. .1
5.4
2.7
1,8
2,:3
5 1
14.1;
anwroon
G
b
1:3.1
I.i;
2.5
6.'2
2.3
1.1;
U.S
3.8
0.1;
2.51
11.4
otl
a
1
O
h
11,4
1.3
I.7
I.!i
1.1
1.2
(), t;
Negl.
I).1
Nrgl.
(1,
ers
t
Z
i
1 .7
2.5
4.(1
2.7
2.0
:3.1)
1 .3
I .O
1 .0
:3.2
8.
a
re
Of h
43.7
73.4
39'3
25.5
35.3
10,4
27.0
8.4
1:3.1
29.1
5.9
rrs
t Af
i
Ea
:3.7
1.2
1.8
1.7
:3.3
O.!1
0.7
0.4
2.2
1.I
1.2
r
s
ca
0.5.0
(i1.1
38.0
;'18,2
107.3
82.5
:38.8
12.0
13.1
51.1;
82
2
Anglophone
K
:10.3
25.2
16.1;
1!1.4
31.4
2.1
1.1,11
15,2
211.5
27,2
.
:37 .5
enya
'T'
i
9.7
5.0
3.8
9,2
19.5
9.5
5.0
:3.!)
12.3
13.8
.2
anzan
a
U
d
12,1)
12.1
9.2
0.7
0.9
';.7
0.1
:3.1;
?1.8
5.7
:3.
gan
a
Za
bi
4.2
7.0
2.8
2.5
?1.0
7.2
2.O
5.6
3.2
3.4
5.7
m
a
E;th;
i
11,4
0.5
0.8
1. `
1.11
(1.1
1 .2
2.1
0.2
4,3
23.5
op
tt
S
d
11.2
14.7
9.2
:1! .3
51.5
I!1,1)
9.3
20.8
18.9
23.4
:33.O
u
an
Ot;
13.2
11.3
if.(*)
(i,2
15.1
20.0
0.3
((.3
Negl.
O.I
8.0
lers
Indi
O
I
l
d
16.9
9.9
11.2
11.b
9.1)
19.0
14.3
5.7
3.7
0.9
3.7
an
cean
s
an
s
NL
l
R
bli
0.7
1.1
1 .fi
9,8
1.8
2.1)
1.1
0.8
4.1
2.0
1.5
a
aga:.y
epu
c
Mauritius
0.7
1.0
1.4
?1.7
1.7
2.8
0.3
0.7
1.2
((.13
O.?1
Negl.
(1.1
(1.1
11.1
((.1
11.1
().8
0.1
2.9
2.0
1.1
I Data are by fiscal year and include loans and grants.
2 Dahomey, Mali, Mauritania, Niger, Senegal, 'l'ogo, and Upper Volta.
1 C?uinea, Portuguese Guinea, and Spanish Sahara.
4 Central African Republic, Chad, and Congo.
L Burundi, Equatorial G'tinea, and Rwanda.
0 Malawi and Somalia.
CONFIDENTIAL 17
Approved For Release 2000/09/14: CIA-RDP85T00875R001500200011-8
 Approved For Release 2000/09/14: CIA-RDP85T00875R001500200011-8
Total
:31;.7
:19,2
17.7
:10.9
26.2
111;.2
19.3
29.8
16.7
?17.2
:16.1
Nurth'II 'Pier
' . 5
1 1 1 .
4 . 5
1 : 1 . 2
7 . 1
2'1.1
5.1
15,2
:3.8
21.1
11).9
Alge l?Ill
I: ypt
....
....
....
...,
...,
....
....
....
....
I,i llyll
2.2
1 .3
1 .1)
2.0
2.:'
1 .8
1 .0
11.4
II.
Morocco
5.7
10.3
2.2
10.9
?1.:3
17.2
1.7
11.5
0.8
15.8
15.9
'1'Inlisiu
?1.0
7.8
11.4
0.3
11.0
5.1
2.4
3.3
2.9
5.3
?1.O
Sub-Saharan Africa
2.1.2
19.8
13.2
17.7
11). 1
22.1
14.2
14.6
12.9
20.1
16.2
Southern White Redoubt
South Africa (including four others
is ('uetollls union)
Portuguese area, consisting of Angola
and Mozambique
Rhodesia
....
..,.
....
....
....
,...
....
....
....
....
\Vcst Africa
2.4
3.7
1.2
2.8
1.9
1.1
0.7
0.5
0.5
0.7
2.9
Francophone
1.7
2.2
0.2
0.(i
11.9
0.1
....
Negi.
Negi.
Negi.
0.5
Ivory Coavt
0. 1
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
Others t
1.0
2.2
0.2
0.6
0.11
0.1
....
Negl.
Negi.
Ncgl.
0.5
Anglophone
NegI.
Ncgl.
().0
0.3
0.3
0.2
Negl.
Negi.
Negi.
0.2
0.1
Ghana
NegI.
Negi.
....
....
....
....
Negi.
Negl.
Negi.
Negi.
Negi.
Nigeria
NegI.
Negi.
0.1;
0.3
11.3
0.2
NegI.
Negi.
Negl.
0.2
0.1
Sierra Leone
Gambia
..
....
....
....
....
....
....
Liberia
1.1
0.6
0.8
0.7
0.5
0.5
0.5
2.3
Others3
0.8
0.1
....
....
....
....
....
....
Equatorial Africa
2.9
3.4
2.1
2.4
1.7
13.13
2.4
Gabon, and others I
0.2
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
Zaire
1.1
1.1
4.9
5.9
2.9
3.4
2.1
2.4
1.7
13.0
2.4
Others
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
East Africa
20.5
15.0
7.1
9.0
14.3
17.13
11.4
11.7
10.7
11.8
10.9
Anglophone, consisting of Kenya,
Tanzania, Uganda, and Zambia
....
....
....
....
...
....
....
....
....
Ethiopia
20.5
15.0
7.1
8.7
14.2
16.0
11.4
11.7
10.7
11.8
10.9
Sudan
NegI.
NegI.
NegI.
0.3
0.1
1.0
Indian Ocean Islands
....
NegI.
Malagasy Republic
Mauritius
....
Negi.
I Data are for fiscal years and include loans and grants.
2 Dahomey, Mali, Mauritania, Niger, Senegal, Togo, and Upper Volta.
I Guinea, Portuguese Guinea, and Spanish Sahara.
Central African Republic, Chad, and Congo.
5 Burundi, Equatorial Guinea, and Rwanda.
Malawi and Somalia.
1 Approved For Release 2000/09/Wt9W!1kbP85T00875R001500200011-8
 CONFIDENTIAL
Approved For Release 2000/09/14: CIA-RDP85T00875R001 a0Q
0011-8
1:1
Year
of
Independence
Area
('1'hounand
Square
Milers)
Northern 'T'ier
Algeria
950
Egypt
3H(;
Libya
671)
Morocco
ISS
'T'unisia
Suh-Saharan Africa
Southern White Redoubt
South Africa (including South-Nest Africa)
Portuguese areas
Angola
Mozambique
Ithodesua
I910
't'erritory
't'erritory
19135 (unilat('ral)
790
481
301
151
Former British IIig_h Commission 't'erritories
Botswana
I96(3
220
Nest Africa
Francophone
Dahomey
1960
?15
Ivory Coast
196(
125
Mali
1960
465
14anritania
1960
419
Niger
1060
489
Senegal
19(3(1
76
Togo
1960
22
Upper Volta
1900
106
Anglophone
Ghana
1957
92
Nigeria
1960
:357
Sierra Leone
1961
28
Gambia
1965
4
Guinea
1958
95
Liberia
1817
?13
Portuguese Guinea
't'erritory
14
Spanish Sahara
Territory
103
Eq jatorial Africa
Francophone
Cameroon
196(
183
Central African Republic
19(30
2,12
Chad
1960
496
Congo
1960
135
Gabon
19(3(
Burundi
1962
Equatorial Guinea
1968
11
Rwanda
1962
10
Zaire
1960
905
East Africa
Anglophone
Kenya
1963
225
Tanzania
1961
363
Uganda
1062
91
Zambia
19(34
288
Ethiopia
Time, immemorial
,155
Malawi
1004
Population Latent
Enlimate
Growth
Ra(e
Million (Percent)
15.7 :3.1
:35.6 2.1
2.2 :3.7
16.3 2.9
24.4 :3.2
5.0 1.(3
8.7 2.2
5.9 3.5
3.0 2.8
5.1 3.3
5.11 2.4
1.2 2.3
4..: 2.7
4 . 1 2.2
2.1 2.6
5.72.0
9.3 2.7
59.6 2.7
2.7 1.
O.4 2.2
4.1 2.6
I .7 :3.3
0.5 0.2
0.1 N. A.
6.1 1.7
1 .7 2.'2
:3.9 2.0
1 .0 2.0
0.3 1.8
4.I 3.I
23.5 4.2
12.5
14.4
10.8
4.7
26.5
Million
Year US$ Major Sector
1971 13,0(10 Agriculture
1970',90O Mining
1970 1,200 N.A.
1970 1,300 N. A.
1971 I 628 Man liflictu ring
1068 59 Agriculture
1968 90 2 Agriculture
19(38 75 Agriculture
1971 230 Agriculture
1971 1,58() Agriculture
1971 280 Agriculture
1968 170 Agriculture
1969 372 Agriculture
1971 290 Agriculture
1971 :325 Agriculture
1970 2,500 Agriculture
,Ndar 1972 8OO Agriculture
mid-1970 125 Agriculture
1971 46 N. it.
i 965 275 Agriculture
1971 440 14ining
1969 107.1 N. A.
N. A. N. A.
1971 1 ,195 Agriculture
1971 213 Agriculture
1967 2,11 Agriculture
1971 378 Agriculture
1971 205 Agriculture
1968 40 N, A.
1970 1951 Agriculture
1971 2,100 Agriculture
1971 I 4405 Agriculture
1971 I ,1401 Agriculture
1970 1 ,015 Agriculture
1970 1700 Mining
1970 1,630 Agriculture
.1971... 362 Agriculture
 Approved For Release 2000/09/14: CIA-RDP85T00875R001500200011-8
CONFIDENTIAL
:' (Thousand
Squnre
Miles)
950
386
679
158
133
481
304
IN
220
12
7
45
125
465
419
489
713
22
IN
92
357
28
4
95
43
14
103
183
2,12
496
135
102
11
225
363
91
288
Population Latest
Estimate
Growth
Million
Rate
(Percent)
Year
Million
US$
Major Sector
Percent
Second Sector
Percent
Year
Exports
Imports
15,7
3.1
19. I
5,()(0
Trade and IinanCe
22
Public administration
and defense
111
1971
925
1
,301i
35.6
2.4
1971
6,000
Agriculture
29
Service, including
government
28
1971
823
1
,219
2.2
3.7
1970
2,900
Mining
54
Public administration
and defense
11
1971
2,807
811)
l(3.3
2.9
1970
2,700'
Agriculture
28
Trade and finance
19
1971
499
698
5.5
2.2
1971
I ,200'
Public administrat'on
and defense
17
Agriculture
16
1971
216
343
5.9
1.6
1970
1 ,201)
N. A.
N. A.
1971
433
4,15
8.7
2.2
1970
1,300
N. A.
N.A.
1971
169
354
5.9
3.5
1971
1 ,628
Manufacturing
23
Service, including
government
23
1971
-120
418
0.6
3.1
1968
59
Agriculture
?17
Service, including
government
14
1969
18
?13
1.0
1.9
1968
90 2
Agriculture
65
Service, including
government
21
1970
5
32
0.5
3.2
1968
75
Agriculture
36
Service, including
government
35
1970
70
60
3.0
2.8
1971
230
Agriculture
46
Trade and finance
19
1971
42
76
5.1
3.3
1971
1 ,580
Agriculture
34
Trade and finance
23
1971
?156
399
5.4
2.4
1971
280
Agriculture
5.1
Trade and finance
15
1971
38
49
1.2
2.3
1968
170
Agriculture
38
Mining
27
1969
74
?12
4.4
2.7
19(19
372
Agriculture
62
N. A.
1969
22
45
4.1
2.2
1971
746
Trade and finance
34
Agriculture
33
1971
125
218
2.1
2.6
1971
290
Agriculture
45
Trade and finance
18
1971
?19
70
5.7
2.0
1971
325
Agriculture
58
Service, including
government
40
1971
17
:i5
9.3
2.7
1970
2,500
Agriculture
42
Manufacturing
13
1971
381
469
59.6
2.7
Mar 1972
6,800
Agriculture
56'
Trade and finance
125
1971
1 ,793
1
.510
2.7
1.5
mid-1970
425
Agriculture
31
Mining
19
1971
107
122
0.4
2.2
1971
46
N.A.
N.A.
1970
16
17
4.1
2.6
1965
275
Agriculture
54
Public administration
13
Sep 1970-
51
80
and defense
Sep 1971
1.7
3.3
1971
440
Mining
28
Agriculture
25
1971
224
102
0,5
0.2
1969
1074
N. A.
N. A.
1969
.1
23
0.1
N. A.
N.A.
N. A.
N.A.
1968
Negl.
I
6.1
1.7
1971
1 ,195
Agriculture
37
Trade and finance
22
1971
206
250
1.7
2.2
1971
213
Agriculture
41)
N.A.
1970
33
41
3.9
2.0
1967
241
Agriculture
54
Trade and finance
20
1970-71
28
62
1.0
2.0
1967
228
Transportation and
communications
34
Public administration
and defense
25
1968
60
86
0.5
1.7
1971
378
Agriculture
23
Mining
18
1970
189
105
3.8
2.0
1971
20S
Agriculture
60
Service, including
government
11
1970
21
26
0.3
1.8
1968
40
N.A.
N. A.
1970
25
21
4.1
3.1
1070
105
Agriculture
69
Manufacturing
14
1971
21
36
23.5
4.2
1971
2,100
Agriculture
22
Public administration
and defense
18
1971
798
626
12.5
3.8
1971
1 ,4.105
Agriculture
36
Trade and finance
15
1971
300
560
14.4
2.7
1971
1 ,140'
Agriculture
54
Trade and finance
14
1971
281
382
10.8
3.2
1970
1 ,015
Agriculture
58
Trade and finance
10
1971
259
250
4.7
2.4
1970
1,700
Mining
37
Trade and finance
13
1971
679
554
' w- n4~Ina4Trni d:~1~ea~G ~M4R+a%iM?i7i.6
 Egypt
Libya
Morocco
Tunisia
.0
Approved For Relea p 2000/09/14 1i7qIA-RqP85T0Q?75R0015002Op01211?8
Suh-Saharan Africa
Southern White Redoubt
South Africa (including South-West Africa)
Portuguese areas
Angola
Mozambique
Rhodesia
Former British High Commission Territories
Botswana
West Africa
Francophone
I)uhomey
Ivory Coast
Midi
Mauritania
Niger
Senegal
'l'ogo
Upper Volta
Anglophone
Ghana
Nigeria
Sierra Leone
Gambia
Guinea
Liberia
Portuguese Guinea
Spanish Sahara
Equatorial Africa
Francophone
Cameroon
Central African Republic
Chad
Congo
Gabon
Burundi
Equatorial Guinea
Rwanda
Zaire
East Africa
Anglophone
Kenya
Tanzania
Uganda
Zambia
Ethiopia
Malawi
Somalia
Sudan
Indian Ocean Islands
Malal;..sy Republic
111115
1956
1010
158
63
71)))
10.3
5.5
21.4
2.0
2.2
11)7(1
1071
2,71101
I ,200'
Agriculture
Public a(Itniuisl,I'll (.io
and deflyise
Territory
'T'erritory
19(35 (unilateral)
481
:3114
151
5.9
8.7
5.1)
I .6
2.2
:1.5
11)70
11)7(1
1071
1 200
1 31111
I 028
N. A.
N. A.
Mtill tfactit ring
1960
15
5.0
2.8
11)71
230
Agriculture
1960
125
5.1
3.3
11)71
1 ,580
Agriculture
1960
465
5.'1
2.4
1971
280
Agriculture
1960
419
1.2
2.3
1968
170
Agriculture
1960
489
4.4
2.7
1969
372
Agriculture
1960
70
4.1
2.2
1971
7,10
'Prude and finance
1960
22
2.1
2.6
1971
2011
Agriculture
1960
100
5.7
2.0
11)71
325
Agriculture
1957
02
111.3
2.7
1970
2,500
Agriculture
10(1(1
357
50.6
2.7
star 1972
6,800
Agriculture
1961
28
2.7
1.5
mid-1976
425
Agriculture
1965
4
0.4
2.2
1971
46
N.A.
1958
05
4.1
2.11
1965
275
Agriculture
1847
43
1 .7
3.3
11)71
1411
Mining
Territory
I4
0.5
0.2
1969
10711
N. A.
Territory
103
0.1
N. A.
.....
N. A.
N. A.
1960 1
183
0.1
1.7
1071
1,195
Agriculture
1960
242
1 .7
2.2
1071
21:3
Agriculture
11)6(1
496
:3.1)
2.0
1067
2.11
Agriculture
106))
135
1 .0
2.0
1967
228
communications
1960
102
0.5
1.7
11171
:378
Agriculture
1962
11
3.8
2.0
1971
21)5
Agriculture
11)68
11
0.3
1.8
1068
40
N. i.
1962
10
4.I
3. 1
19,0
195
Agriculture
10130
005
2:3.5
4.2
1071
2 ,loo
Agriculture
1963
225
12.5
3.8
1971
1,4405
Agriculture
1961
303
14.4
2.7
1971
I,14IN
Agriculture
1062
91
10.8
3.2
1970
1 ,015
Agriculture
1964
288
4.7
2.4
1970
1 ,7(10
Mining
Time immemorial
455
26.5
2.5
107,1
1 ,630
Agriculture
1964
37
4.8
2.5
1971
362
Agriculture
1960
240
3.0
2.3
1968
137
N.A.
1056
907
16.9
2.5
1066
I liO0
Agriculture
I At 1066 prices.
2 GNI'.
S Does not reflect the sharp rise in the significance of petroleum extraction.
4 At 1963 prices.0
Services, including
government
 5.1) 1 .6
8.7 2.2
5.1) :3.:3
(3.li
I.0 I.1)
0.5 :3.2
3.0
5.1
5.4
1 .2
4.?I
4.1
2.1
5.7
2.7
0.4
'1.1
1 .7
0.5
0.1
6.1
1.7
:3.11
1.0
(I.5
:3.8
11.:3
4.1
23.5
12.5
1.1.4
10.8
4.7
26.5
4.8
3.0
16.9
I'uMlc ndminifd.raldun
Milli Refi'lls'
11)711 I 21111 N. A.
11)711 1 :11111 N. A.
11)71 1 ,1)28 1lunufacturillgg
2.8
11)71
2:30
Agriculture
3.3
11171
1 ,5811
Agriculture
2.4
11171
2811
Agriculture
2.3
1968
170
Agriculture
2.7
1969
:372
Agriculture
2.2
1971
746
't'rade and finance
2.(3
1971
2110
Agricultur^
2.11
11)71
325
Agriculture
2.7
197)
2,5110
Agriculture
2.7
Mar 1972
Ii ,80)
Agriculture
1.5
mid-11)70
'125
Agriculture
2.2
1971
46
N.A.
2.(3
11)65
275
Agriculture
:3.:3
11)71
440
Mining
0.2
1961)
11171
N. A.
N. A.
N.A.
N.A.
1 .7
11)71
I ,195
Agriculture
2.2
1971
21:3
Agriculture
2.0
111117
2,11
Agriculture
2.0
11)67
229
Transportation laid
cola In unications
1.7
11)71
378
Agriculture
'1 0
1971
205
Agriculture
8
1968
10
N. A.
:3.1
11)7(1
11)5
Agriculture
1.2
1971
2,100
Agriculture
3.8
1971
1 ,'1 10''
Agriculture
2.7
1971
1 I.Iol
Agriculture
:3.2
1970
1 ,015
Agricultore
2.4
1970
1 ,700
Mining
2.5
197(1
1,630
Agriculture
2.5
1971
362
Agriculture
2.3
1968
137
N. A.
2.5
1960
1 ,(i(10
Agriculture
1970
161
Services, including
government
and dldcnne
28 'Pink' null fiunncc
17 Attricullure
111 11171 11)1) 131)1)
I11 11171 :!16 31)
N. A.
N. A.
2:1 Scrvicc,Including 23
goverltnwnl.
17 ticrvicc, including
govet?nn1311)
11(71 1:1:) 1'I:I
11171 161) :151
11)71 120 118
711
12
151;
:18
74
22
125
II)
17
381
1 ,793
1117
I6
Ill)
7)3
31)1)
11)
42
45
218
711
55
461)
I .510
122
17
51
224
I6;,
I
2:3
Negl.
I
206
:,':ill
33
11
28
332
fill
86
181)
1115
21
26
25
21
24
313
71)8
626
:3110
56))
281
382
251)
25(1
679
5533
136
2161
76
91
31)
58
313
316
115 ticrvicc, including 21 11(711
govern liw Ill,
36 ticrvicc, including 35 1117))
govvinownl
46 'T'rade lull fiunncc I1) 11)71
:34 'T'rade and fiunncc 2:3 11171
54 'T'rade and Iiunuce IL 11171
:18 Mining 27 11)131)
(12 N.A. 19611
:1.1 Agriculture 33 11)71
453 '('rude and finnncc 18 11(71
58 Service, including 40 11)71
government,
42 llauufucturing
5111 'T'rade and film live
31 Mining
N. A.
5'1 Public administration
and defense
28 Agricultum
N.A.
N.A.
1:1 11)71
13'1 11171
11) 11)71
11171)
13 Scp 1970
Svp 11)71
25 11)71
11)111)
111(18
:17 Trade and finance 22 11171
41) N A. 19711
51 T1111de and fiuaucc 211 11)70 71
34 I'ublic lidminist:at.ion 25 11)138
and defense
23 Mining 18 1970
fill Service, including 11 197))
government
N.A. 197)
61) Manufacttiriif g 1?I 11)71
22 Public administration (8 1971
and defense
:16 Trade and finnncc 15 1971
51 'T'rade and finance 11 1971
58 'T'rade and finance I)) 1971
:37 Trade and finance 13 1971
(14 Trade and finance 8 11)71
51 't'rade and finance Ili 1971
N. A. 1971
54 Trade and finance I5 1971
and defense
28 Agriculture
Approve For Release 2000/09/14: CIA-RDP85T00875R001500200011-8
Approvey l1For:l Ieaseil2000/09/14: rCIA..RDP881TiO?1875ROO1150020001, "Y-8
 Approved For Release 2000/09/14: CIA-RDP85T00875R001500200011-8
Approved For Release 2000/09/14: CIA-RDP85T00875R001500200011-8
 Approved For Release 2000/09/1 ~. - %-,~85T00875R001500200011-8
Introduction to Country Data Sheets
US ecouoniic rclatLions with 23 indivi(4uatl Africans nations arc highlighted in
the county;y (11(11 sheets Lhatt, follow. The 23 cotuttricti accounted for 95% of
African trade with the United States in 1971 and I972.1 Twenty-one other
African countries accounted for the renutining 5%.
'T'rade (latit presented in the country sheets were extracted front the follow-
ing sources: the trade daLat for 1971 for individual African countries were pro-
vided either by Lhe countries then-selVes or by the International Monetary
Fund; the data on 11S trade with African countries in 1072 were derived from
US Government statistics. Been use of the general inadequacy of economic
statistics on Africa and because of the well-known difficulties with trade
nomenclature, trade statistics from different sources often vary.
Investment data are subject to wide discrepancies as explained in the
Appendix. Data on total foreign private investment are those compiled by the
Development Assistance Committee ()AC) of the OECD, when available.
Data on US private investment are from the [IS Depart'llient of Commerce,
State Department, and commercial information. Data on US official economic
assistance come from the Agency for International Development (AID).
a In the data sheet for South Africa, the trade figures include data for South-
West i;frica and For three small countries within the South African customs
union-Botswana, Lesotho, and Swaziland.
CONFIDENTIAL 21
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 Approved For Release 2000/0,9b14.1 DP85T00875R001500200011-8
AI,(;1;RIA
1'(,!'111 A'I'ION MID-1973: I5,68K,I11111
(;ItOSS 1)OMI',ti11(; 1'ItOU11(.'I' 11171:
Total: $5.11 Million I'l'r Capitla: $3511
Ity 1:eetor of Origin:
'I'rrlde and fimulce, 22'%%; pluhlie utlministrnl.ion and defense, I9'%l; ngricult.ure, 17'%,; mining,
17 4 ; Illllllllfnetlll'111g, l'4l; tI'tlll};11(11't111,11111 ('lllllllllllli('ltt10111, 1111(1 Utilities, 5%11; eollsl l'1w1 loll, I'vl;
otlll'I', sly(.
1971
Exports: $925 million
Exports to the United States
Percent
Million
1114$
Percent of total IIV Im.
potln or the commodlly
All Commodities
1111
0.2
By Commodity
By Customer
P('troleunl
102
2.1
Petroleum
75
West Germany
24
Agricultural
France
24
products
12
Italy
8
Industrial
USSR.
7
equipment
5
Benelux
5
Raw
Netherlands
4
materials
I
United Kingdom
4
Others
4
Brazil
4
UNITED STATES
2
Others
18
Imports: $1,306 million
Im, Iorts from the United States
1114$
p.rto or the commodity
All Commodities
98
0.2
By Commodity
By Supplier
Food
33
0.6
Nonelectric machinery
27
0.3
Industrial
1' rance
38
Transport equipment
21
0.3
equipment
37
West Germany
9
Oils and fats
4
0.8
Semi-finished
Italy
9
Chemicals
3
0.1
goods
27
UNITED STATES
8
Cotton
2
0.5
Food
13
United Kingdom
5
Electrical machinery
2
0.1
Consumer
USSR
Iron and steel
1
0.1
goods
12
Netherlands
:3
Other manufactures
1
0.1
Raw materials
7
Spain
:3
Fuels and
Canada
3
lubricants
3
China
3
Agricultural
Other
15
CONFIDENTIAL
22 Approved For Release 2000/09/14: CIA-RDP85T00875R001500200011-8
 Approved For Release 2000/09/14` 1 ?5T00875R001500200011-8
FOItb,I(;N l'ItIVA'I'1; INVESTMENT, 1971 (DA(; data): $:!Itl million
IIS PRIVA'T'E INVESTMENT. 1971: 8-111 e(illion
lilt EAI(DOWN OF (IS INVESTMENT (largely from sources of the ITS Interests Staff of the Swiss
F.-nl-assy):
('current direct- 118 invests ent (8517 millioe) is confined I-rimnrily to l b petroleum sector (81.1 million).
'I'h(v?e gyre also minority holdings in nucnc-fa(Luring 1111(1 other in(luMtrinl f1wilities.
NON-US FOREIGN INVESTMENT, 1971 ((IS Interests S(aff): tiI billion I
Vrance:$9'24 million, almost exclusively in petroleum
(real. Britain: $8 million
Italy: 81 million
COMMENTS:
In general, direct foreign investment is strongly discouraged. Petroleum is the exception, but Algeria
insists on 51 %' ownership of any venture. On the other I-and, Algeria actively seeks private foreign firms
to contract for the non-equity installation and operation of capital-intensive projects under the country's
development plan. U8 l xport-Import Bank loan disbursements should increase rapidly, as loans in
ex Ness of 8,100 rni'lion have been signed recently.
OFFICIAL ECONOMIC ASSISTANCE FROM THE UNITED STATES, FY1962-72:
Total
Loalls
Grants
Total
FY1970
FY1971
FY1972
213.3
2.2
15.0
21.9
48.4
....
15.0
21.8
164.8
2.2
....
0.1
I No rationalization of the large discrepancy between these estimates can be offered.
CONFIDENTIAL 23
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 Approved For Release 2000/09L1 o4 :1%AN: QP85T00875R001500200011-8
AN(;O1,A
I'O1'IILA'I'lON MID-1973: 5,908,000
1971
Exports: $433 million
Exports to the United Slates
Percent
Nllllo,
1IsI
I'errenl of total JIM im-
ports of the rommodl.y
All Commodities
90
0.2
By Commodity
By Customer
Coffee
69
5.4
(,'rude petroleum
12
0.5
Coffee
:34
Portugal
:33
fish
:3
0.3
Petroleum
15
UNITED STATES
20
Manganese ore
1
3.(i
Diamonds
1:3
Japan
I (1
Unclassified
3
0.2
fish
II
Netherlands
7
Cotton
6
Canada
5
Sugar
2
Spain
3
Sisal
2
Denniarlc
:3
Corn
2
West Germany
:3
Other
15
United Kingdom
2
Other
14
Imports: $445 million
Imports from the United States
Million
USS
percent of total US es.
ports of the commodity
All C
m
diti
6
o
mo
es
2
0.1
By Commodity
By Supplier
Nonelectric machinery
10
0.1
Transport equipment
5
0.1
Machinery
22
Portugal
35
Miscellaneous
Transport
UNITED STATES
11
manufactures
3
0.1
equipment
16
West Germany
11
Food
2
Negl.
Food and
United Kingdom
9
Chemicals
2
Negl.
tobacco
14
Japan
6
Electrical machinery
1
Negl.
Textiles
12
Franc-
5
Textile fibers
1
0.1
Metals and
Italy
4
Beverages and tobacco
1
0.1
products
11
South Africa
4
Chemicals
9
Benelux
3
Mineral products
3
Netherlands
2
Plastics
3
Other
10
Other
10
24 CONFIDENTIAL
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 Approved For Release 2000/09/14: CIA-RDP85T00875R001500200011-8
CONFIDENTIAL
FOREIGN PRIVATE INVh;S'I'MF N'1', 1971 (1)AC dnlli): S:!71) Million
US PRIVATE, INVESTMENT, 1970: Ahoul, .1,W0 million
BREAKDOWN OF US INVESTMENT:
118 invevtrnenl, is I1U?gel,y in exploriLtio11 for oil and nlimvrals 1(11(1 in their production. At 1(?:atil, 2"i 118
conlpa11sr, a.re nel.ive in AngohL. 1'1'0t0illeu1, 11,I1norlg tllewe 11Ir:
Oil
Gulf (principal 11S investor; approxinuLtely $130 million)
Texaco
Exxon Corporation
Union Carbide
Mobil
Standard Oil of ('alifornia
Diamond Yrosg,ectiglg
Diversa, Inc.
Diamond Distributors of New York
Other
Tenneco agreed in IS)G) to develop deposits of sulfur; investment is to reach about S50 million.
NON-US FOREIGN INVESTMENT:
Larger than US investment, with Portugal the principal source. The United Kingdom has sub-
stantial interests.
COMMENTS:
The government encourages foreign investment through exemptions from customs duties and certain
taxes.
OFFICIAL ECONOMIC ASSISTANCE FROM THE UNITED STATES, FY1962-72: None
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 Approved For Release 2000/09/14: CIA-RDP85T00875R001500200011-8
CONFIDENTIAL
Total: $1.2 Million I'cr ('apit:t: $211(
By Sector of Origin:
Agriculture, :37'%t; trade and finance, 22'yt; public administration and l fcns, 1:3'%t; uuulu-
facturing, 1I'%I; transportation, communications, lull utilities, !)'lo; construction, Vyo.' other, ?Io.
1971
Exports: $206 million
Percent
By Commodity
Cocoa and
products 31
Coffee 26
Aluminum and
products 9
Wood 8
Cotton 4
Rubber 2
I'alrn oil and
kernels 2
Bananas I
Peanuts I
Other IO
By Customer
France
Netherlands
\1'esL Ger'niany
UNITED S'I'A'1'I.S
Africa
Japan
United Kingdom
Italy
Benelux
Other
Imports: $250 million
By Commodity
Capital goods 27
Semi-finished
goods 12
Foods, beverages,
and tobacco 11
Fuels and
lubricants 5
Raw materials 5
Consumer goods 40
By Supplier
France
West Germany
UNITED STATES
Italy
Africa
United Kingdom
Benelux
Netherlands
Japan
Other
Exports to the United States
11IIIIlon I'errent of toad 114Im-
IINi ports or the commodity
All Commodities 24 Negl.
Coffee 19 I.5
't'obacco and products :3 1.5
Fish 1 O . I
Cocoa 1 0.5
Imports from the United States
All Commodities
Transport equipment
Nonelectric machinery
Beverages and tobacco
Iron and steel
Miscellaneous
Million Percent of total US ex-
114E ports of (he comitodity
manufactures 1 Negl.
Oils and fats 1 0.2
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CONFIDENTIAL
FOREIGN PRIVATE INVESTMENT, 1971 (DAC da(e): $19.5 1101lion
US PRIVATE' INVESTMEN'T', 1971: Ahoul, 814 million
fillEA1(DOWN OF US INVESTMENT (largely front US Entbassy sources):
Million US$
Petrolcrln
11.:3
Exploration
f,.8
Marketing
'1.5
Fishing
0.2
Banking
0.-1- I 2
Other
0. 6 - I .4
Principal IJS investors:
Gulf (exploration), 'I'exaco, Mobil, and Exxon (1Il Lrketing), Gorton's of Gloucestor (fishing),
Bankers' 't'rust and Morgan Guaranty 't'rust (banking).
NON-US FOREIGN INVESTMENT:
Estimate of distribution dating from at least 1971:
French
87
West German
5
Belgian
2
Swiss
2
Italian
I
Other
3
COMMENTS:
American companies investing in Cameroon were reticent in their responses to state I)cpartment
requests for investment information.
Investment opportunities include food processing, fertilizer, and forestry extractive operations.
OFFICIAL ECONOMIC ASSISTANCE FROM THE UNITED STATES, FY1962-72:
Million US$
Total
FY1970
FY1971
FY1972
Total
L
46.4
0.6
2.5
11.4
oans
G
27.8
....
1.3
10.4
rants
18.6
0.6
1.2
1.0
CONFIDENTIAL
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CONFIDENTIAL
POPULATION M11)-1973: :35,620,000
'T'otal: $6.0 Million Per Capita: $180
I3y'eetot' of Origin:
Agriculture, 29 4; services, including government, 28?0; industry and mining, 23%; trade and
finance, 9 4t; transportation and communications, Ott u; other, 5n
1971
Exports: $823 million
Exports to the United States
Percent
Million
US$
percent of total US Im?
ports of the commodity
All C
diti
17
N
l
ommo
es
.
eg
By Commodity
By Customer
Crude petroleum
7
0.3
r[ extile Yarns and fabrics
6
0.4
Cottor,
45
Eastern Europe an.;
Cotton
2
14.5
Finished
Cuba
61
prod tots
27
Western Europe
1.4
Semi-finished
Asia
14
products
14
The Americas
2
Raw material
Africa
2
(other than
Arab World
2
cotton)
8
Other
5
Fuels
6
Imports from the United States
Million
US$
Percent or total us ex.
ports or the commodity
All C
diti
76
ommo
es
0.2
By Commodity
By Supplier
Oils and fats
Machinery a^,d trans-
37
7.1
port equipment
14
0.1
-hefnicals
6
0.2
Food
Miscellaneous
6
0.1
manufactures
3
0.1
Iron and steel
2
0.3
Petroleum products
2
0.4
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CONFIDENTIAL
FOREIGN PRIVATE INVESTMENT, 1971 (DAC data): $88 million
US PRIVATE INVESTMENT, 1971: 5100 million-$170 million
BREAKDOWN OF US INVESTMENT: Not available
NON-US FOREIGN INVESTMENT: Not available
COMMENTS:
The Sadat regime officially reversed the antagonistic attitude toward private investment that
characterized the Nasir gover-iment. The restrictive terms of Law No. 156 of 1953 have been substantially
modified by Laws Nos. 1 and 65 of 1971. The 1971 legislation, designed to encourage foreign capital in
flow, provides foreign investors with tax relief, exemption from detailed regulation of operations, and pro-
tection against expropriation of assets and profits. Investment is particularly encouraged in export
industries and tourism and, secondarily, in import-substitution industries and activities that introduce
new technology. Despite liberal terms, capital inflow has been slowed by the requirement to obtain ap-
proval for projects from the slow-moving Egyptian Authority on Foreign Investment and Free Zones.
Uncertainty about the course of the confrontation with Israel and the pending merger with Libya also
has hampered investment.
OFFICIAL ECONOMIC ASSISTANCE FROM THE UNITED STATES, FY1962-72:
Million US$
FY1970
FY1971
FY1972
Total
695.0
....
....
104.6
Loans
550.5
1011.6
Grants
144.5
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CONFIDENTIAL
POPULATION MID-1973: 26,541,000
Total: $1.6 billion Per Capita: $60
By Sector of Origin:
Agriculture, 64%; trade and finance, 8%t; manufacturing, 7%; public administration and
defense, 5%; construction, 3%; transportation, communications, and utilities, 3%; other, 10%.
1971
Exports: $136 million
Percent
Exports to the United States
By Commodity By Customer
Million Percent of total us im-
Usf ports of the commodity
Coffee 56 UNITED STATES
44
All Commodities ~,d 0.1
Oil seeds and West Germany
8
Coffee 53 4.1
cakes 12 Saudi Arabia
6
Hides and skins 3 2.3
Hides and skins 8 ]'rench Territories
6
Chemicals 1 0.1
Pulses 7 Japan
6
Meat, , live Italy
5
animals 4 France
2
Re-exports and United Kingdom
2
other 13 Other
21
Imports: $204 million
Imports from the United States
Percent
Million Percent of total us er-
Us
f
By Commodity By Supplier
$ ports o
the commodity
All Commodities 16' Negl.
Machinery 19 Italy
16
Nonelectric
Transport Japan
15
machinery 6 0.1
equipment 12 West Germany
11
Transport equipment 4 Negl.
Chemicals 11 United Kingdom
9
Electrical machinery I Negl.
Metals and goods 10 UNITED STATES
9
Chemicals 1 Negl.
Petroleum Iran
7
Food 1 Negl.
products
9
France
3
Miscellaneous
Textiles and
Netherlands
3
manufactures
clothing
8
Other
27
Electrical goody
6
Food
6
Rubber products
4
Paper and
products
2
Other
13
I Table 2 shows a total of $24.1 million for US exports to Ethiopia. The difference is the result of the
inclusion of tha value of military supplies in the larger total of US exports to Ethiopia, which is excluded
from the distribution by commodity classification-according to US Government procedure for reporting
"special category" shipments abroad.
30 CONFIDENTIAL
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FOREIGN PRIVATE INVESTMENT, 1971 (DAC data): 865 million I
US PRIVATE INVESTMENT, 1971: About $25 million
BREAKDOWN OF US INVESTMENT (largely from US Embassy sources):
Million U'S$
Major Industries
Petroleum
20.5
Manufacturing
3.1
Transportation and utilities
0.1
Other
1.3
Princi)al US firms:
Tenneco (petroleum ,;xploration), Mobil (petroleum sales), NFC International (manufacturing),
Crown Cork and Seal (manufacturing), Parsons and Whittemore (manufacturing).
NON-US FOREIGN INVESTMENT, 1971 (largely from US Embassy sources): 8231 million
Million US$
Italy
200
Netherlands
20
Japan
4
India
3
United Kingdom
2
France
2
COMMENTS:
Non-US foreign investment is a very rough estimate, based largely on undetailed information from
the Italian Embassy in Ethiopia. The Ethiopian government has no figures at all on foreign investment.
Ethiopia maintains a liberal investment code and offers tax concessions and protection to foreign
investment.
OFFICIAL ECONOMIC ASSISTANCE FROM THE UNITED STATES, FY1962-72:
Million US$
Total
FY1979
FY1971
FY1972
Total
230.3
18.9
23.4
33.0
Loans
:28.8
10.6
14.9
26.7
Grants
101.4
8.3
8.5
6.3
I No re donaliration of the large discrepancy between these estimates can be offered.
CONFIDENTIAL 31
0011-8
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POPULATION MID-1973: 525,000
GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT 1971:
Total: $378 million Per Capita: $760
By Sector of Origin:
Agriculture, 23%; mining, 18%; trade and finance, 10%; transportation and communications,
10%; construction, 9%; manufacturing, 6%; other, 24%.
1970
Exports: $189 million
Percent
By Commodity
Petroleum 36
Timber products 36
Manganese 20
Other 8
By Customer
France 39
Netherlands 14
Antilles 13
UNITED STATES 11
Africa
(non-UDEAC) 8
Other 15
Imports: $105 million
By Commodity
Machinery 20
Mot(r vehicles
and parts 18
Iron and steel 18
Consumer
manufactures 16
Foodstuffs,
beverages, and
tobacco 15
Other 13
By Supplier
France 57
Other EC (of Six) 17
UNITED STATES 11
Africa 5
Other 10
Exports to the United States
Million Percent of total US im?
Us= ports of the commodity
All Commodities 11 Negl.
Manganese ore and
concentrates 11 31.1
Imports from the United States
Million Percent of total US cs-
Us$ ports of the commodity
All Commodities 13 Negl.
Transport equipment 6 0.1
Nonelectric machinery 5 0.1
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CONFIDENTIAL
FOREIGN PRIVATE, INVESTMENT, 1971 (DAC (Iata): S:3rit1 million r
US PRIVATE INVESTMENT, 1972: $1211 million
BREAKDOWN OF US INVESTMENT (largely from US EIIIbni sy sourcxes):
Million US$
Petroleum -17 minimum
Mining and smelting 77
Commerce N.A.
Major US investors:
t1S Steel, Mobil, GuIf, I3ethlehenr Si,ecl, 'T'exaco, Union Carbide, First, Natinnnl City Bank,
and Morgan Guaranty 't'rust,
NON-US FOREIGN INVESTMENT, 1971 (largely from US Embassy sources): 8400 million r
Million US$
French
403
United Kingdom
:38
Netherlands
25
COMMENTS:
The government's stated intent is to gain control of one-fourth of the capital of established foreign
private enterprises through purchase of stock, as government finances permit. At the same time, the
president encourages private enterprise, which lie considers more efficient than state operations.
OFFICIAL ECONOMIC ASSISTANCE FROM THE UNITED STATES, FY1962-72:
Million US$
Total
FY1970
FY1971
FY1972
Total
Loans
8.0
0.1
Negl.
0.1
Grants
8.0
0.1
Negl.
0.1
I No rationalization of the large discrepancy between these estimates can be offered.
CONFI NT
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CONFIDENTIAL
POPULATION MID-1973: 11,318,000
Total: $2.11 billion I'er (:npitn: $280
fly Sv(1or of Origin:
Agricultar', -12'%t; nmulufneturing, trill' I111(I finance, 12'%1; pllblie lulnlinistration Im"I
(I('f(`I s(', 7''1; t l'illlsll(1 rt11tion, e(1 I11 I1111111cat lolls, alto 11tiliti('s, ti 4 ; ('ollstl'110,lout, I'Y(1; mining, 2'A1;
otllel', 15'1,
Exports: $381 million
Percent
Exports to the United State'?
Million I'rrrenl or toll UN Im-
'"
11Nf port. or the Comm.'
.-
By Commodity I By Customer
All Commodities 80 0.2
Cocoa 67 United Kingdom
27
Cocoa 5:3 25,9
Wood 10 UNITED STATES
17
Aluminum 19 5.3
(gold 3 West Germany
I tl
Fish 2 O.1
Diamonds 3 Netherlands
10
Wood and 111111ber 2 0.2
Manganese ore 2 Japan
7
Manganese ore 1 :3.0
Coffee I lJSS1t
r,
Petroleum products I Negi.
Other (.) Yugoslavia
Other I;uroI'
5
Canada
2
Australia
2
Other
1 I
Imports from the United States
Imports: $1469 million
Percent
MUtlnn 1'rrrrnl or Int.I 11N e.-
USS portm of the Commodity
All C
di
i
ommo
t
es 44 0.1
By Commodity By Supplier
Chemicals 10 0.2
Producers' goods United Kingdom
25
Nonelectric machinery 5 0.1
Materials 27 West Germany
13
Petroleum products
Equipment 27 Japan
9
Food 5 0.1
Durables 12 France
.1
't'extile fibers 5 0.6
Consumer goods Netherlands
3
Cotton I 0.8
hoods and Italy
:3
Electrical machinery 2 Negl.
other non- Norway
2
't'ransport equipment 1 Negl.
durables 22 USSR.
2
Iron and steel 1 0.1
Durables 6 UNITED STATES
2
'T'extile yarn 1 0.1
Fuels and Benelux
1
Nonmetallic mineral
lubricants 6 Canada
1
manufactures 1 1.2
Other
35
Beverages and tobacco 1 0.1
I Ghana does not report aluminum as an export, because its aluminum industry is treated as a foreign
enclave. Purchasers of Ghanaian aluminum identif,, Ghana as the country of origin.
34 CONFIDENTIAL
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CONFIDENTIAL
FOREIGN PRIVATE INVESTMENT, 1971 (DAC data): 8345 million
US PRIVATE INVES'T'MENT, 1971:877 million I
BREAKDOWN OF US INVESTMEN'T', 1971 (largely from US Embassy sources):.$1110 million
9'otroleurn
Million US$
Exploration
24.2
Distribution
1(1). 0
Manufacturing;
8.2
N4
1 7
ini:ig and smelting
T
155.0
ra!lsportation and utilities
0 2
Commerce
Other
0.9
agriculture)
0
5.0
Principal US investors:
Kaiser Aluminum and Chemical (aluminum manufac-
ture)
130.5
Reynolds Metals (aluminum manufacture)
14.5
NON-US FOREIGN INVESTMENT, 1971 (largely from US Embassy sources): $150 million minimum I
Participating countries: United Kingdom (most important), France, West Germany, Switzerland,
Italy, Canada, and Japan.
COMMENTS:
Ghana welcomes large inputs of foreign capital and technology in joint ventures with local citizens in
essential industries. Through the Ghana Business Promotion Act it seeks to reserve small business for
Ghanaians. Because agreement has not yet been reached between Ghana and its creditors on how payment
of Ghana's huge foreign debt should be handled, potential foreign investors currently are very cautious.
Remittances of profits from existing investments have been delayed by it lack of foreign exchange.
OFFICIAL ECONOMIC ASSISTANCE FROM THE UNITED STATES, FY1962-72:
Million US$
Total
FY1970
FY1971
FY1972
Total
292.2
31.2
22.1
15.1
Loans
242.7
23.8
16.0
9.5
Grants
49.5
7.3
6.0
5.6
I No rationalization of the large discrepancy between these estimates can be offered.
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CONFIDENTIAL
POPULATION MID-1973: 5,095,000
Total: 81.6 billion Per Capita: 8360
By Sector of Origin:
Agriculture, 34 %; trade and finance, 23'%1; transportation, communications, and utilities, 12%;
public administration and defense, 10%; manufacturing, 9%; construction, 6'%1; mining, I '%1;
other, 5'%1.
1971
Exports: $456 million
Exports to the United States
Percent
Million
U8f
?cream or total us im-
ports or the commodity
All Commodities
92
0.2
By Commodity
By Customer
Coffee
52
4.1
Cocoa
24
11.9
Foods, beverages,
France
33
Fish
10
0.8
and tobacco
64
UNITED STATES
17
Wood
2
0.2
Agricultural
Netherlands
9
Wood manufactures
2
Negl.
products
30
West Germany
9
Petroleum products
1
Negl.
Manufactured
Italy
8
goods
Semi-manufac-
tures
3
Communist countries
Other Franc Zone
Other Europe
Other
3
Imports: $399 million
Impurts from the United States
Million
USS
Percent or total us es.
Ports of Ih- commodity
All Commodities
22
N egl.
By Commodity
By Supplier
Nonelectric machinery
8
0.1
Electric machinery
1
Negl.
Machinery and
France
46
Iron and steel
2
0.3
manufactures
28
UNITED STATES
7
Transport equipment
1
Negl.
Semi-manufac-
Italy
7
Chemicals
1
Negl.
tures
18
West Germany
6
Textile fibers
1
0.2
Industrial
Netherlands
5
Foods
1
Negl.
materials
2
Japan
4
Other manufactures
4
0.1
Con,;umer goods
30
Communist countries
2
Foods, beverages,
Other Franc Zone
7
and tobacco
15
Other Europe
8
Agricultural
Other
8
products
2
Petroleum
products
5
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CONFIDENTIAL
FOREIGN PRIVATE INVESTMENT, 1971 (DAC data): $300 million
US PRIVATE INVESTMENT, 1972: About 836 million
BREAKDOWN OF US INVESTMENT (largely from US Embassy sources):
Petroleum distribution and other sales organizations
Million US$
15.6
Manufacturing
4
5
Mining
.
3.0
Commerce and service industries
6 6
Banks, financial institutions, and insurance
6.5
Companies:
American International Reinsurance
Bank of America
Bankers Trust Company
Burroughs Corporation
Chase International Investment Corp.
Fairmont International Corp .2
First National City Bank 2
Intercontinental hotels'-'
International Business Machines2
Lazard Freres and Company
NON-US FOREIGN INVESTMENT, 1971 (largely from US Embassy sources): 8764 million
France Million US$
Other Europe: 464
200
Belgium, West Germany, Italy, Netherlands,
Switzerland, United Kingdom
Canada, Japan, and others
COMMENTS:
The Ivory Coast encourages foreign investment by granting tariff and tax exemptions tinder a
liberal code, particularly for export industries.
OFFICIAL ECONOMIC ASSISTANCE FROM THE UNITED STATES, FY1962-72:
Million US$
Total
FY1970
FY1971
FY1972
Total
109.2
16
8
2
1
2
.
.
1.6
Loans
92.8
16.1
....
20.8
Grants
16.5
0.7
2.1
0.8
No rationalization of the large discrepancy between these estimates can be offered.
2 More than 81 million.
:3 More than 85 million.
CONFIDENTIAL 37
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Mobil Oil Corp.2
Morgan Guaranty Trust Co.
National Cash Regiter Co.
Riegel Textile Co.
Singer Sewing Machine Co.
Standard Oil of New Jersey
Texaco, Inc .3
Union Carbide Corp.2
Van Camp Seafood Co.
Harry Winston, Ine.2
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CONFIDENTIAL
POPULATION MID-1973: 12,476,000
GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT, 1971 (1964 prices):
't'otal: 81.4 billion Per Capita: $120
By Sector of Origin:
Agriculture, 36%; trade and finance, 15%; public administration and defense, 12%; manu-
facturing, 11%; transportation, communications, and utilities, 10%; construction, 4%; other, 12%.
FOREIGN TRADE:
1971
Exports: $300 million
Exports to the United States
Percent
Million
U8$
Percent of total Us im-
porln of the commodity
All Commodities
27
NNz
l
By Commodity
By Customer
Coffee
8
g
0.6
Tea
6
10
3
Coffee
18
Uganda
18
Fish
3
.
0
2
Tea
11
Tanzania
14
Sugar
1
.
0
1
Petroleum
products
8
United Kingdom
West Germany
14
6
Fruits and vegetables
Plants, seeds
and flowers
1
.
0.1
Meat and
UNITED STATES
5
,
(including pyrethrum)
5
18
8
preparations
4
Zambia
4
Copper
2
.
0
3
Pyrethrum
Netherlands
3
.
flowers and
Other
36
extract
3
Hides and skins
2
Other
54
Imports: $560 million
Imports from the United States
Million
Us$
Percent of rota) US ex.
ports or the commodity
B
All Commodities
26
0
1
y Commodity
By Supplier
Nonelectric machinery
7
.
0
1
Industrial
United Kingdom
28
Chemicals
5
.
0
1
supplies
35
Japan
10
Transport equipment
4
.
Ne
l
Transport
West Germany
8
Manufactures
2
g
.
0
1
equipment
18
UNITED STATES
8
Electrical machinery
2
.
Ne
l
Machinery and
Iran
5
Crude materials
1
g
.
Ne
l
equipment
16
Tanzania
4
Food
1
g
.
Ne
l
Consumer
Uganda
4
Unclassified
1
g
.
0
1
goods
12
Other
33
.
Food and
beverages
10
Fuels and
lubricants
8
Other
1
CONFIDENTIAL
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CONFIDENTIAL
FOREIGN PRIVATE INVESTMENT, 1971 (DAC data): $200 million I
US PRIVATE INVESTMENT, 1971: About $55 million
BREAKDOWN OF US INVESTMENT, 1972 (largely from US Embassy sources): $75 million
Million US$
Petroleum
26.5
Manufacturing
34.8
Mining and smelting
0.2
Transportation and utilities
Commerce
13.0
Other (mostly tourism and ranching)
Principal US firms:
Exxon, Caltex, and Mobil (petroleum); Firestone and Union Carbide (anufatu-ig);
Continental Ore (mining), First National City Bank and Chase Manhattan Bank m (ban c n
king; and
commerce); Intercontinental Hotels (commerce and tourism).
NON-US FOREIGN INVESTMENT, 1972 (largely from US Embassy sources): $290 million
United Kingdom: $245 million
Other sources: West Germany, Italy, and France.
COMMENTS:
Most of the US investment figures derive from the companies themselves. The figures probably are
inflated or deflated depending on the profile the firm desires to maintain within Kenya.
Kenya maintains a liberal investment code and protects foreign investment. The government,
however, insists on 51 % ownership in mining and has reserved the right to take similar ownership in new
tourist projects. The best opportunities are in tourism and food processing.
OFFICIAL ECONOMIC ASSISTANCE FROM THE UNITED STATES, FY1962-72:
Million US$
Total
FY1970
FY1971
FY1972
Total
L
92.5
12.3
13.8
5.2
oans
G
32.8
7.1
8.6
0.8
rants
59.8
5.2
5.2
4.4
1 No rationalization of the large discrepancy between these estimates can be offered.
CONFIDENTIAL
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CONFIDENTIAL
POPULATION MID-1973: 1,677,000
GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT 1971:
Total: 8440 million Per Capita: 8370
By Sector of Origin:
Mining, 28%; agriculture, 25%; trade and finance, 11')/o: public administration and defense,
9%; transportation, communications, and utilities, (i'%i; construction, 5%; manufacturing, 5%;
other, 11 %.
FOREIGN TRADE:
1971
Exports: $224 million
Percent
By Commodity
Iron ore 70
Rubber 17
Diamonds 3
Wood products 3
Coffee and cocoa 2
Other 5
By Customer
Europe 67
UNITED STATES 22
Asia 8
Other America 2
Africa I
Exports to the United States
Million Percent or totui us im.
us$ ports of the commodity
All Commodities 52 0.1
Iron ore 23 5.5
Rubber 22 8.9
Coffee 3 0.2
Nonindustrial diamonds 2 0.3
Fish 1 0.1
Vegetable oils and fats 1 0.4
Imports: $162 million
Imports from the United States
11s$
porln or the commodity
All Commodities
41
0
1
By Commodity
By Supplier
Transport equipment
9
.
0.1
Nonelectric machinery
8
0
1
Machinery and
Europe
49
Food
8
.
0
1
transport
UNITED STATES
32
Electrical machinery
3
.
0
1
equipment
Manufactured
33
Asia
Africa
14
2
Textiles and fabrics
Miscellaneous
2
.
0.2
goods
22
Other America
2
manufactures
2
Ne
l
Food
15
Other
I
Iron and steel
1
g
.
0
1
Mineral fuels and
Chemicals
1
.
Ne
i
lubricants
Chemicals
7
7
Crude materials
I
g
.
Negl.
Petroleum products
1
0
1
Beverages and
tobacco
Crude materials
3
I
Beverages and tobacco
1
.
0.1
Oils and fats
1
Other
11
40 CONFIDENTIAL
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 - ~_, ? 43 r tt ', xr'i
jai
r I '' u
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CONFIDENTIAL
LIBERIA
FOREIGN PRIVATE INVESTMENT, 1971 (DAC data): 8315 million
US PRIVATE INVESTMENT, 1971 (Department of Commerce da!n): $191 million
BREAKDOWN OF US INVESTMENT, 1970 (largely from US Embassy sources):
Total
Million US$
Petroleum
252
Manufacturing (near]
Y all to ''
il
2
refinery)
?n o
Mining
b and smelting
19
Transportation and utilities
129
Commerce (including T oil distribution)
Other (
i
?
I 1
1
pr
mat
ily agriculi,ur(--Sg7 million)
88
Major US investors:
Bethlehem Steel, Republic Steel, Union Carbide, Chevron, Vancouver Plywood, Inc., Firestone,
Uniroyal, Goodrich
NON-US FOREIGN INVESTMENT, 1970 (largely from US Embassy sources): More than $297 million
Million US$
West Germany 150 maximum
Switzerland 2
Lebanon 50
Italy N.A.
France 2
Sweden 89
United Kingdom 4
Netherlands and other N. A.
COMMENTS:
Liberia uses the American dollar as its currency. The country has traditionally maintained concession
arrangements with foreigners, without restrictions on repatriation of profits and capital, Currently the
policy is for the government to participate in major foreign operations sufficiently to obtain half the
profits or otherwise to acquire equivalent income through taxes.
OFFICIAL ECONOMIC ASSISTANCE FROM THE UNITED STATES, FY1962-72:
Million US$
Total
FY1970
FY1971
FY1972
Total
196
4
L
.
8.0
11.0
17
oans
Grants
119.3
0.9
3 0
.3
8.1
97.2
7.1
8.0
9.2
CONFIDENTIAL
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CONFIDENTIAL
POPULATION lbi'ID-1973: 2,162,000
GROSS DOMES'PIC PRODUCT 1970:
Total: 82.9 'Allion Per Capita: $1,500
By Sector of Origin:
Mining, 54%; public administration and defense, 11'%1; construction, 8'%t; trade and finance, 8%;
agriculture, 4%; transportation, communications, and utilities, 4'%1; manufacturing, 2%; other, 9'%1.
FOREIGN TRADE:
1971
Exports: $2,807 million
Exports to the United States
Percent
Million
USS
Percent or total us im-
ports or the commodity
By Commodity
Crude petroleum 99
Other I
By Customer
Italy
West Germany
United Kingdom
France
UNITED STATES
22
18
17
12
9
All Commodities
Crude petroleum
116
114
0.2
4.4
Netherlands
Spain
Belgium
Other
6
6
2
8
Imports: $819 million
Imports from the United States
Million
US$
Percent of total US e-
ports of the commodity
All Commodities
85
0
2
By Commodity
By Supplier
Nonelectrical machinery
41
.
0.4
Transport equipment
10
0
1
Machinery and
transport
Italy
United Kingdom
22
10
Electrical machinery
Miscellaneous
8
.
0.2
equipment
28
West Germany
9
manufactures
5
0
2
Manufactures
19
France
9
Other manufactures
4
.
0
2
Food
19
UNITED STATES
7
Ch.;micals
4
.
0
1
Miscellaneous
Japan
6
Food
3
.
Negl
manufactures
16
Netherlands
3
Iron and steel
3
.
0
4
Chemicals
7
Other
34
Beverages and tobacco
2
.
0
2
Fuels and
Unclassified
2
.
0
1
lubricants
4
.
Crude materials
3
Oils and fats
3
Other
1
42
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FOREIGN PRIVATE INVESTMENT, 1971 (DAC data): 81,400 million
US PRIVATE INVESTMENT, 1971 (Department of Commerce data): $1,044 million
BREAKDOWN OF US INVESTMENT:
US investment is almost entirely in petroleum. US firms account for more than 90% of oil production.
US firms in the principal consortia ranked from left to right in order of 1972 output:
Oasis Occidental Exxon Amoseas
Amerada Occidental Standard Oil of Texaco
New Jersey
Continental Grace Petroleum Standard Oil of
California
Marathon Sinclair
NON-US FOREIGN INVESTMENT:
British Petroleum interests were nationalized in December 1971.
The Italian State Oil Company (ENI) owns a sizable field jointly with the Libyan State Oil Company.
All other holdings-including German and French-are small.
COMMENTS:
Most foreign investment in Libya must be in the form of joint ventures with state firms. The oil
sector is the last segment of the Libyan economy to become Libyanized (forced to cede half or more of its
assets to Libyan ownership). The government is currently engaged in efforts to gain 51 % state participation
in the operations of petroleum producing companies in Libya. In addition, workers committees formed
under Colonel Qadhafi's "cultural revolution" have been harassing foreign managers.
OFFICIAL ECONOMIC ASSISTANCE FROM THE UNITED STATES, FY1962-72:
Total
Loans
Grants
Total
FY1970
FY1971
FY1972
45.7
0.4
....
Negl.
....
45.7
0.4
....
Negl.
CONFIDENTIAL 43
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CONFIDENTIAL
POPULATION MID-1973: 7,221,000
Total: 8890 million Per Capita: 5130
By Sector of Origin:
Agriculture, 32%; public administration and defense, 20%; trade and finance, 18%; manu-
facturing, 11 %; transportation, communications, and utilities, 10%; other, 9%.
1971
Exports: $147 million
Exports to the United States
Percent
Million
US$
Percent of total US im?
ports of the commodity
All C
diti
37
ommo
es
0.1
By Commodity
By Custeiner
Coffee
15
1 .2
Cloves
3
78.5
Coffee
26
France
34
Vanilla
9
87.4
Cloves
14
UNITED STATES
22
Fish and preparations
3
0.2
Vanilla
9
Other EC (of six)
8
Sugar
2
0.2
Rice
5
Other
36
Chemicals
2
0.1
Sugar
3
Crude fertilizers
1
0.3
Chromite
2
Crude rubber
1
0.3
Other
41
Imports from the United States
!Million
IISf
Pcrecnl or total US et.
ports or the commodity
All C
diti
11
N
l
ommo
es
eg
.
By Commodity
By Supplier
Transport equipment
7
0.1
Consumer goods
30
France
56
Nonelectric machinery
Miscellaneous
1
Negl.
Industrial
Other EC (of six)
18
manufactures
I
Negl.
equipment
27
UNITED STATES
5
Oils and fats
1
0.1
Raw materials
23
Other
21
Electrical machinery
1
Negl.
Food
14
Petroleum
Agricultural
equipment
5
I
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CONFIDENTIAL
FOREIGN PRIVATE INVESTMENT, 1971 (DAC data): $90 million
US PRIVATE INVESTMENT: $21 million I
BREAKDOWN OF US INVESTMENT, 1971 (largely from US Embassy sources):
Million US$
Petroleum 20
Other (meat processing) 1
Principal US investors:
Caltex and Exxon (distribution, equity in refinery), Conoco, Chevron, Texas Gulf, and Tenneco
(exploration).
Small, predominantly French, but including Chinese, Indian, and Israeli interests.
NON-US FOREIGN INVESTMENT:
COMMENTS:
The old government granted tariff, tax, and other benefits. A military government, in power only
a short while, has not yet embarked on any new policy concerning foreign investment. The best invest-
ment opportunities are in consumer goods industries, maintenance facilities for agricultural machinery,
and food processing plants.
OFFICIAL ECONOMIC ASSISTANCE FROM THE UNITED STATES, FY1962-72:
Total
Loans
Grants
Total
FY1970
FY1971
FY1972
15.5
1.2
0.6
0.4
3.0
12.5
1.2
0.6
0.4
I The figure for 1972 could be as high as 352 million, if all prospecting costs are capitalized in the
petroleum industry.
CONFIDENTIAL 45
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CONFIDENTIAL
POPULATION MID-1973: 16,259,000
GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT, 1970 (1966 prices):
Total: $2.7 billion Per Capita: $170
By Sector of Origin:
Agriculture, 28%; trade and finance, 19%; manufacturing, 12%; public administration and
defense, 11%; construction, 5%t; mining, 5%; electricity, gas, and water, 3%t; other, 17%t.
FOREIGN TRADE:
1971
Exports: $499 million
Percent
Exports to the United States
By Commodity
By Customer
NUIBon
Us$
Perrenl or total us im.
ports of the commodity
Phosphates
Citrus products
Other agricultural
23
15
France 36
West Germany 9
United Kingdom 5
All Coma; 'dines
Spices
Sugar and honey
11
1
1
Negl.
1.4
0.1
products
33
Italy 5
Vegetable extracts
1
5.1
Other primary
Spain 4
Leather and shoes
1
0.3
products
Semi-finished
13
Benelux 4
China 4
Textile yarns and
fabrics
1
0.1
goods
8
USSR 4
Manufactures
2
Negl.
Consumer goods
7
Algeria 3
Manganese ore
1
3.7
Other
I
Netherlands 3
Poland 2
Other (including
UNITED STATES) 21
Imports: $698 million
Percent
Imports from tee !1nitr
States
By Commodity
By Supplier
All Commodities
58
0.1
Equipment
22
France
31
Food
21
0.4
Semi-finished
UNITED STATES
14
Oils and fats
13
2.5
goods
22
West Germany
8
Nonelectric machinery
6
0.1
Raw materials
13
Italy
6
Beverages and tobacco
4
0.4
Food
22
United Kingdom
4
Transport equipment
3
Negl.
Consumer goods
15
USSR
4
Cotton
2
0.4
Other
6
Spain
4
Electrical machinery
2
Negl.
Netherlands
3
Chemicals
1
Negl.
Benelux
Sweden
Cuba
2
2
2
Textile yarn
Miscellaneous
manufactures
1
0.1
Negl.
Japan
2
Unclassified
0.1
Other
18
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CONFIDENTIAL
FOREIGN PRIVATE INVESTMENT, 1971 (DAC da(a): $240 million
US PRIVATE INVESTMENT, 1971: 838 million I
BREAKDOWN OF US INVESTMENT, 1971 (largely from US Embassy sources):
Million US$
r
Total r 47.2
Petroleum distribution 18.9
Manufacturing 16 2
'T'ransportation and utilities 1.8
Commerce, banking, and
insurance 6 5
Other (hotels and agribusiness) 3.8
The number of US firms operating in Morocco rose from 46 in 1967 to 59 in 1971. Major US investors
are Mobil, American Tire, I13NI-Trance, Exxon, and holiday Inns. Others are Bank of America, Coca Cola,
i,olgate-Palmolive, and American Chewing Gunn.
NON-US FOREIGN INVESTMENT, 1971 (largely from US Embassy sources): More than 83 billion
Million US$
France
3,000
Spain
10
Italy
10
Belgium
10
United Kingdom
5_10
Netherlands
5_10
West Germany
5
COMMENTS:
The government is anxious to attract US investment. The American presence is growing in
agribusiness and tourism.
In March 1973, all remaining foreign-owned agricultural lands were nationalized. They were held
by French (two-thirds) and Spanish (one-third) interests. Compensation will be made. Moroccanization
of the tertiary sector is at a cautious rate so as not to discourage foreign investment.
OFFICIAL ECONOMIC ASSISTANCE FROM THE UNITED STATES, FY1962-72:
Million US$
Total
FY1970
FY1971
FY1972
Total
576.0
36.4
77.5
57.6
Loans
336.8
16.4
53.1
47.1
Grants
239.3
20.0
24.4
10.5
I No rationalization of the large discrepancy between these estimates can be offered.
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 Approved For Release 2000/09/14: CIA-RDP85T00875R001500200011-8
CONFIDENTIAL
MOZAMBIQ111~,
1'OPULA77ON MID-197:1: 8Iit1811(IU
(ROSS UOMI:STIC PRODUC'T' 1970:
Total: $1.3 billii-n
FOREIGN TRADE:
Per ('apiLa: $170
1971
Exports: 6169 million
Exports to the United Slates
By Commodity
Percent
By Customer
All Couunodities
IIlllon
Ilsf
2(i
I'crccnf of Inlai Ilia lot.
porin of the commrallty
Negl.
Cashews and other nuts
18
19.9
Agricultural
Portugal
37
Tea
'
'
2
2.5
products
C
62
UNITED STATES
14
t
extile yarns and
fabrics
ashews
20
South Africa
Cotton
S
12
India
7
Crude fertilizer and
minerals
ugar
12
Angola
5
1
0.2
Tea
5
U
Crude materials
1
0
3
nited Kingdom
4
Unclassified
.
Copra
'
'
5
Netherlands
:3
0.1
t
imber
1
West Germany
3
Other
4
Other
18
Textiles
15
Fuel oil
3
Other
20
Imports: $354 million
Imports from the United States
By Commodity
By Supplier
All Commodities
M111IIion
U.';$
16
Percent of total U3 ec?
porlx or the commodity
Negl.
Nonelectric machinery
7
0.1
Machinery
18
Portu
al
Transport equipment
3
Negl.
g
26
Chemicals
Metal and
South Afri
3
0.1
ca
15
Manufactures
products
15
West Germ
2
Negl.
T
any
8
Electrical machin
ransport
United Kingdom
8
ery
I
Negl.
equipment
14
UNITED STATES
7
Food, beverages,
Japan
6
and tobacco
11
Iraq
5
Textiles
11
Italy
4
Minerals
11
France
4
Chemicals
8
Other
17
Plastics
Paper
Other
48 CONFIDENTIAL
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CONFIDENTIAL
MOZ,AMi;.(QUE
FOREIGN PRIVATE INVESTMENT, 1971 (DAC data): $120 million
US PRIVA'T'E INVESTMENT, 1971: About $15 million
BREAKDOWN OF US INVESTMENT:
Most US investrent, is concentrated in resource exploration and development, especially oil
prospecting.
Principal (1S firms involved arc:
Clark Oil, Skelly, Sunray, Gulf, Pan American Oil, 'T'exaco
Others:
Firestone, Holiday Inns, Charles Pfizer & Co.
NON-US FOREIGN INVESTMENT:
Portugal is the largest single source of private foreign investment.
COMMENTS:
The government encourages investment by granting tax and customs rebates and allowing
transfers of profits and capital.
OFFICIAL ECONOMIC ASSISTANCE FROM THE UNITED STATES, FY1962-72: None.
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 Approved For Release 2000/09/14: CIA-RDP85T00875R001500200011-8
CONFIDENTIAL
POPULATION MID-1973: 59,607,000
(:ROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT, FY1972 (ended March 1972):
Total: $6.8 billion Per Capita: $120
By Sector of Origin l:
Agriculture, 56%; trade and finance, 121%1; public administration and defense, 8%; rnanu-
facturing, 7%; transportation, communications, and utilities, 6%; construction, 5%; mining, 3%;
other, 3 %.
FOREIGN TRADE:
Exports: $1,793 million
Percent
Exports to the United States
By Commodity
By Customer
All Commodities
Million
US$
271
Percent of total US im.
porln or the commodity
0.5
Petroleum
7
Crude petroleum
245
9
4
Cocoa
5
11
United Kingdom
22
Cocoa
11
.
5
2
Palm kernel
UNITED STATES
18
Petroleum products
5
.
0
3
s
Peanuts
2
France
15
Rubber
3
.
1
0
Tin metal
2
Netherlands
14
Wood
1
.
0
1
Cotton
2
West Germany
6
Hides and skins
1
.
1 1
Rubber
1
I
Italy
4
Iron ore
1
0
2
Other
6
Eastern Europe
Japan
3
Tin metal
1
.
0.3
Norwa- ?
Other
I
16
Machinery and
United Kingdc::n
32
transport
UNITED STATES
14
equipment
40
West Germany
12
Manufactures
36
Japan
4
Chemicals
11
France
4
Food
8
Italy
4
Crude materials
2
Netherlands
4
Mineral fuels
1
Eastern Europe
3
Other
2
China
2
Benelux
2
Other
19
Imports from the United States
All Commodities
Million
US$
114
Percent of total us ex.
porle of the commodity
0.2
Nonelectric machinery
46
0.5
Food
21
0.4
Iron and steel
9
1.1
Electrical machinery
8
0.2
Transport equipment
7
0.1
Textiles and fabrics
3
0.4
Chemicals
3
0.1
Miscellaneous
manufactures
5
0.1
Other manufactures
5
0.2
1 Historical material that does not reflect the sharp rise in the significance of petroleum extraction.
50 CONFIDENTIAL
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CONFIDENTIAL
FOREIGN PRIVATE INVESTMENT, 1971 (DAC data): $1,700 million
US PRIVATE INVESTMENT, 1971: Less than 815() million j
BREAKDOWN OF US INVESTMENT, 1971 (Department of State): $800 million
Major US participants are:
Gulf, Mobil, 'T'exaco-Chevron
Selected other US investors:
Bank of America, Colgate-Palmolive, I13M, Motorola, National Cash Register
NON-US FOREIGN INVESTMENT, 1972:
United Kingdom, more than $1,000 million; France, $140 million; others include Greece, India,
.Japan, and Lebanon
COMMENTS:
The government welcomes foreign investment, especially in large and medium-size ventures. At the
same time, the government wishes greater Nigerian participation in the equity and management of
foreign concerns. Twenty-two small-scale manufacturing and service sectors were reserved in 1972 for
Nigerian citizens. Tax and import concessions are offered selectively to foreigners.
OFFICIAL ECONOMIC ASSISTANCE FROM THE UNITED STATES, FY1962-72:
Million US$
Total
FY1970
FlY1971
FY1972
Total
L
445.6
52.4
41.4
39.8
oans ,
G
147.8
5.8
24.3
31.1
rants
297.8
46.6
17.1
8.7
I No rationalization of the large discrepancy between these estimates can be offered.
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 Approved For Release 2000/09/1 & d RP85T00875R001500200011-8
SIERRA LEONE
POPULATION MID-1973: 2,666,000
GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT, FY1970 (ended June 1970):
Total: $425 million Per Capita: $170
By Sector of Origin:
Agriculture, :31'%t; mining, 19%; trade and finance, I5"n; transportation and communication,
8%; manufacturing, 6%; public administration and defense, 5%; construction, 4'A; other, 12'%t.
FOREIGN TRADE:
1971
E
xports: $107 million
Exports to the United States
Percent
Million
US$
Percent or total US im-
ports of the commodity
All Commodities
24
Negl
By Commodity
By Customer
Nonindustrial diamonds
16
.
2.5
Coffee
5
0
4
Diamonds
(i1
United Kingdom
63
Fish a:,J preparations
2
.
0
2
Iron ore
14
EC (of six)
16
.
Palm kernels
7
Japan
7
Coffee
4
UNITED STATES
6
Cocoa
3
Other
8
Bauxite 3
Rutile I
Other 7
Imports: $122 million
Imports from the United States
Million
US$
Percent or total US en.
ports of the commcdity
All Commodities
6
Negl
By Commodity
By Supplier
Food
3
.
0.1
Beverages and tobacco
1
0
1
Manufactured
United Kingdom
29
Nonelectric machinery
I
.
Negl
goods
Machinery and
26
EC (of six)
Commonwealth
19
.
transport
(non-UK)
13
equipment
24
Japan
10
Foodstuffs,
Eastern Europe
7
beverages, and
UNITED STATES
7
tobacco
23
Egypt
2
Other manufac-
Other
13
tures
9
Chemicals
7
Mineral fuels
7
Oils and fats
1
Other
3
52 CONFIDENTIAL
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CONFIDENTIAL
SIERRA LEONE
FOREIGN PRIVA'T'E INVESTMENT, 1!,71 (DAC (lata): $70 million
US PRIVATE INVESTMENT: 817 million
BREAKDOWN OF US INVESTMENT, 1972 (largely from US Embassy sources):
Assets of Pittsburgh Plate (lass Company in rutile production reverted to the IJS Export-Import
13ank. Nord Resources and Bethlehem Steel have decided to take over the project.
NON-US FOREIGN INVESTMENT (largely from US Embassy sources):
Private United Kingdom interests have holdit';?s of between $55 million and 860 million. Together,
th u Netherlands, Italy, West Germany, and Switzerland have holdings of 81 million.
COMMENTS:
With the economy stagnating, investment prospects are poor. All mining ventures operate under
the shadow of the government's policy of acquiring 51 % of such operations. This policy may be extended
to other industries.
OFFICIAL ECONOMIC ASSISTANCE FROM THE UNITED STATES, FY1962-72:
Million US$
Total
FY1970
FY1971
FY1972
Total
54.1
2.4
4.7
3.5
Loans
15.8
....
2.1
Grants
38.3
2.4
2.6
3.5
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CONFIDENTIAL
SOUTH AFRICA
!'OPULATION MID-1973: 24,433,000
GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT 1 1972:
Total: $21.9 billion Per Capita: $940
By Sector of Origin:
Manufacturing, 22%; trade and finance, 18%; mining, 12'%1; transportation, coinrnunications,
and utilities, 127n; agriculture, 10'%1; public administration and defense, 9%; construction, 3%;
other, 14?/A.
1971
Exports: $2,311 million:]
Percent
1972
Exports to the United States
By Commodity
By Customer
All Commodities
Million
(JS$
330
Percent of Iola) US Im?
ports of the rommodlty
0
6
Diamonds
12
United Kingdom
25
.
Fruit
8
Africa
18
Precious metals
109
15.1
Copper
6
Japan
11
Iron and steel
36
1.2
Platinum
5
UNITED STATES
7
Fish
28
2.3
Sugar
4
West Germany
7
Copper
24
4.6
Corn
4
France
2
Silver and platinum
18
10.2
Wool
3
Italy
2
Sugar and honey
17
1.9
Manganese
3
Other
28
Fertilizers
1(3
5.3
Asbestos
2
Industrial diamonds
9
24.4
Iron ore
2
Nickel
7
2.0
Other
51
Wool and other hairs
5
5.3
Radioactive chemicals
4
4
0
Imports: $4,039 million
Lead
Chrome ore
3
3
.
4.2
Percent
Crude asbestos
3
11.7
3.8
Manganese ore
3
7
9
By Commodity
By Supplier
Other nonferrous ores
5
.
45.5
Machinery
27
Unit
d Ki
d
e
ng
om
23
Transport
UNITED STATES
16
Imports from the United St
ates
equipment
19
West German
14
Textiles
d
y
Million
Percent or total US e:.
an
.Japan
10
U8$
ports or the commodity
fabrics
8
Africa
4
All Commodities
603
1
2
Mineral fuel
7
Italy
4
Transport equipment
173
.
2
1
Chemicals
7
France
4
Nonelectric machinery
152
.
1
6
Iron, steel, and
Australia
2
Chemicals
53
.
1.3
products
5
Netherlands
2
Electrical machinery
43
1
1
Musical and other
Other
21
Food
29
.
0
5
instruments
3
Textiles and fabrics
19
.
2
4
Other
24
Other manufactures
107
.
1.4
1 Including South-West Africa.
2 Trade figures include, in addition to South Africa, those of South-West Africa and three independent
countries in the southern Africa customs union-Botswana, Lesotho, and Swaziland.
3 Excluding gold sales, not considered a commodity of trade.
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CONFIDENTIAL
SOUTH AFRICA
FOREIGN PRIVATE INVESTMEN'T', 1971 (DAC data): Not Available
US PRIVATE INVESTMENT, 1971 (Department of Commerce data): $964 million
BREAKDOWN OF US INVESTMENT, 1971 (largely from US Embassy sources): $1.3 billion
Di
Million
Million
rect
US$
Indirect
US$
Total
969
Total
Mining
158
Private sect
318
or
149
Manufacturing
462
Central government
Finance
61
and banking
169
Wholesale and
retail trade
202
Insurance
4
Other
82
Hundreds of US firms have some investment in South Africa, including: General Motors, Ford,
Chrysler, International Business Machines, American Motors, Armco Steel, Avis-Rent-A-Car, Bucyrus-
Eric Caterpillar Tractor Co., Coca Cola, and Colgate-Palmolive.
NON-US FOREIGN INVESTMENT, 1971 (Largely from US Embassy sources): $8.7 billion
Million US$
Direct
Indirect
Total
Sterling area
5,459
3,243
8,702
estern E
Western
1,311
5,526
urope
963
1 ,524
2
487
Non-US Dollar area (including
Canada)
I
t
ti
230
28
,
258
n
erna
onal organizations
Oth
305
305
er areas
51
75
126
COMMENTS:
South Africa is a major outlet for British investors. Holdings are as large as, or larger than, those the
British have in the United States.
The country encourages foreign investment but offers no incentives beyond those available to any
investor. Profits normally can be freely remitted, but capital withdrawals are generally subject to a
five-year blocking procedure.
The US Government neither encourages nor discourages investment in South Africa but encourages
those who invest to upgrade conditions of non-white employees. The United States considers South-West
Africa (Namibia) to be an international territory and officially discourages US investments in that area.
OFFICIAL ECONOMIC ASSISTANCE FROM THE UNITED STATES, FY1962-72: None.
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CONFIDENTIAL
SUDAN
POPULATION MID-1973: 16,901,000
GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT 1969:
Total: 81.0 billion Per Capita: $110
By Sector of Origin:
Agriculture, 54%; trade and finance, 15%I; public administration and defense, 10%,; manu-
facturing, 6%; construction, 6%; electricity, gas, and water, 1%t; other, 8%.
1971
Exports: $313 million
Exports to the United States
Percent
Million
US$
Percent or total US im-
orts of the
omm
dit
p
c
o
y
By Commodity
By Customer
All Commodities 12
Negl.
Cotton
63
USSR
16
Crude animal and
vegetable materials 10
8
3
Gum Arabic
Peanuts
7
7
India
China
11
9
Cotton 2
.
12.5
Sesame
7
Italy
9
Livestock
2
Japan
8
Dura
1
West Germany
8
Other
13
Egypt
4
Netherlands
4
UNITED STATES
3
Poland
2
France
2
Saudi Arabia
2
Other
22
Imports: $316 million
Percent
Imports from the United States
Million
Percent of total US ex-
Js$
ports or the commodity
By Commodity
By Supplier
All Commodities
18
Negl.
Food
9
0
2
Consumer goods
42
India
16
Chemicals
3
.
0
1
Capital goods
16
United Kingdom
14
Nonelectric machinery
2
.
Ne
l
Building
USSR
11
Transport equipment
1
g
.
Negl
materials
10
West Germany
7
Iron and steel
1
.
0
1
Agricultural
China
6
Oils and fats
1
.
0
1
raw materials
10
Egypt
6
Manufactures
1
.
Negl
Fuels
4
Japan
4
Unclassified
I
.
Ne
l
Other
18
Netherlands
3
g
.
UNITED STATES
3
Poland
3
Belgium
3
France
2
Italy
2
Other
20
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FOREIGN PRIVATE INVESTMENT; 1971 (DAC data): S35 million
US PRIVATE INVESTMENT, 1971: Not Available
BREAKDOWN OF US INVESTMENT, 1971 (largely from US Embassy sources):
The only sizable US investment is the Mobil retail marketing facilities valued at $2 million. The
rest is negligible.
NON-US FOREIGN INVESTMENT, 1971 (largely from US Embassy sources):
Foreign investments, which had amounted to some 8140 million, were greatly reduced by nationali-
zations and confiscations in 1970.
COMMENTS:
Since 1972, Sudan has been eager to attract foreign investment, particulariy from the United States.
Although moving cautiously, US businessmen are beginning to respond.
OFFICIAL ECONOMIC ASSISTANCE FROM THE UNITED STATES, FY1962-72:
Million ITS$
Total
FY197P
FY1971
FY1972
Total
81.4
Negl.
0.1
8.0
Loans
47.9
....
7.9
Grants
33.4
Negl.
0.1
0.1
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TANZANIA
POPULATION MID-1973: 14,368,'')00
GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT, 1971 (1966 Prices):
Total: $1.1 billion Per Capita: 8'80
By Sector of Origin:
Agriculture, 54%; trade and finance, 14%; public administration and defense, 7%; mam'-
facturing, 5%; transportation, communications, and utilities, 5%; mining, 3%; construction, 3%;
other, 9%.
1971
Exports: $281 million
Exports !o the United States
Percent
Million
Us{
Percent of total Us im-
ports of the commodity
All Commodities
21
Negl.
By Commodity
By Customer
Coffee
13
1.1
Cashews and other nuts
2
1.8
Coffee
11
United Kingdom
21
Textiles, yarns, and
Cloves
10
Kenya
8
fabrics
Cashews
6
UNITED STATES
7
Plants, seeds, and
Cotton
11
India
7
flowers (including
Sisal
7
Hong Kong
7
pyrethrum)
Diamonds
11
Netherlands
3
Other
44
West Germany
3
Uganda
2
Other
42
Imports: $382 million
Imports from the United States
Million
USf
Percent or total US es-
ports or the commodity
All Commodities
12
Negl.
By Commodity
By Supplier
Food
Chemicals
4
I
0.1
Negl.
Manufactures
24
China
22
Nonelectric machinery
I
Negl.
Machinery
22
United Kingdom
18
Miscellaneous
Transport
Kenya
11
manufactures
2
Negl.
equipment
13
West, Germany
7
Other manufactures
2
Negl.
Chemicals
13
Japan
6
Crude materials
2
Italy
5
Miscellaneous
Netherlands
,1
manufactures
5
UNITED STATES
4
rood and
Other
23
beverages
5
Mineral fuels
8
Other
8
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CONFIDENTIAL
FOREIGN PRIVATE INVESTMENT, 1971 (DAC data): $65 million
US PRIVATE INVESTMENT: 85 million to 86 million
BREAKDOWN OF US INVESTMENT, 1971 (largely from US Embassy sources):
Million US$
Petroleum
3.8
Manufacturing
1.0
Commerce
Negl.
Other
0.5
Principal US investors:
Caltex (petroleum), Exxon (petroleum), General Tire (tire factory)
NON-US FOREIGN INVESTMENT, 1971 (largely from US Embassy sources): 857.5 million
Million US$
United Kingdom
43.0
Italy
4.5
West Germany
6.4
Japan
1.2
Netherlands
2.4
COMMENTS:
Government policy permits private foreign investment in certain sectors; others are restricted to
public and semi-public enterprises. Large-scale enterprises usually require government participation of
50% or snore. Approved enterprises have the right to repatriate profits and capital.
OFFICIAL ECONOMIC ASSISTANCE FROM THE UNITED STATES, FY1962-72:
Total
Loans
Grants
Total
FY1970
FYI !Y71
FY1972
76.9
4.8
5.7
3.1
13.8
i.0
0.8
....
63.1
3.8
4.9
3.1
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TUNISIA
POPULATION MID-1973: 5,182,000
GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT, 1971 (1966 prices):
Total: $1.2 billion Per Capita: $230
By Sector of Origin:
Public administration and defense, 17%; agriculture, 10%; manufacturing, 15%; tr+Lde and
finance, 13%; transportation, communications, and utilities, 12%; construction, 9%; mining, 4%;
other, 14 %.
1971
Exports: $216 million
Exports to the United States
Percent
Million
US$
Perccnl of total us im-
ports of the corn at odity
All Commodities
8
Negl.
By Commodity
By Supplier
Vegetable oils and fats
4
2.5
Iron and steel
2
0.1
Crude petroleum
Olive oil
Other food
Phosphates
Other industrial
goods
Consumer goods
25
22
11
19
18
3
Italy 20
France 20
West Germany 13
Libya 10
Spain 6
USSR 3
Poland 3
Pulp and paper
1
0.1
Other
2
Bulgaria 3
Switzerland 3
Other (including
UNITED STATES) 19
Imports: $343 million
Imports from the United States
Million
USA
Percent of total US ex.
ports of the commcdity
All Commodities
55
0.1
By Commodity
By Supplier
Oils and fats
14
2.7
Food
12
0.2
Food
." 1
France
36
Transport equipment
10
0.1
Consumer goods
14
UNITED STATES
15
Nonelectric machinery
6
0.1
Equipment
29
Italy
9
Textile fibers
2
0.3
Raw materials
23
West Germany
7
Chemicals
1
Negl.
Semi-finished
United Kingdom
3
Iron and steel
1
0.1
goods
9
Austria
3
Electrical machinery
I
Negi.
Energy
4
Canada
2
Miscellaneous
Spain
2
manufactures
1
Negl.
Benelux
2
Petroleum products
1
0.3
Netherlands
2
Other manufactures
2
0.1
Othe?
19
60 CONFIDE
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CONFIDENTIAL
FOREIGN PRIVATE INVESTMENT, 1971 (DAC data): $175 million
US PRIVATE INVESTMEN'T': About $14 million
BREAKDOWN OF US INVESTMENT, 1971 (largely from US Embassy sources):
Million US$
Petroleum
Negl.
Manufacturing
2.9
Mining and smelting
2.9
Transportation and utilities
Negl.
Commerce
0.3
Other (housing, hotels, and tourism)
7.8
Principal US investors:
Firestone (manufacturing), Freeport International Sulphur (mining and smelting), International
Telephone and Telegraph (Sheraton Hotel), Carnoy Housing (building).
NON-US FOREIGN INVESTMENT:
France, Italy, Belgium, and West Germany are the principal investors.
COMMENTS:
In the last few years, Tunisia has significantly increased its efforts to attract foreign investment.
Private foreign investment is encouraged by an investment code providing various tax, customs, and
other benefits for new investors. The code also guarantees repatriation of capital and profits. Particularly
good prospects for US investment exist in tourism and manufacturing.
OFFICIAL ECONOMIC ASSISTANCE FROM THE UNITED STATES, FY1962-72:
Million US$
Total
FY1970
FY1971
FY1972
Total
532.1
45.7
54.4
48.8
Loans
315.2
27.2
32.1
36.0
Grants
217.0
18.6
22.3
12.8
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CONFIDENTIAL
POPULATION MID-1973: 10,810,000
Total: $1.0 billion Per Capita: $100
By Sector of Origin:
Agriculture, 58%, trade and finance, 10%; manufacturing, 8t%t; transportation, communications,
and utilities, 5%; public administration and defense, 4t%r; mining, 2t%t; construction, 2%; other, 1I %.
1971
Exports: $259 million
Percent
By Commodity By Customer
Coffee
Tea
Cotton
Hides and skins
Copper
Other
~L`sf Commodity
,chinery
:r rsport
equipment
Iron and steel
Paper and
products
Cotton fabrics
Other
53 United Kingdom 22
5 UNITED STATES 20
19 Japan 10
1 Kenya 9
7 India 7
15 West Germany 6
Other 26
Imports: $250 million
By Supplier
16 United Kingdom 25
Japan 10
14 West. Germany 7
4 UNITED STATES 6
India 4
2 Italy 4
1 Other 44
63
Exports to the United States
All Commodities
Coffee
Tea
Million Percent of total US im-
USS ports or the commodity
49 0.1
47 3.7
1 2.0
Imports from the United States
All Commodities
Nonelectric machinery
Transport equipment
Miliion Percent of total US ex-
USS ports of the commodity
3 Negl.
I Negl.
1 Negi.
62 CONFIDENTIAL
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CONFIDENTIAL
FOREIGN PRIVATE INVESTMENT, 1971 (DAC data): 855 million
US PRIVATE INVESTMENT, 1971: About 83 million
BREAKDOWN OF US INVESTMENT, 1971 (lar cl f
U
UGANDA
g y rom
S Embassy sources):
US companies have invested in petroleum distribution (Caltex, Exxon, and Moil), advertising,
insuran^r,, and tourist and photographic supply facilities.
NON-US FOREIGN INVESTMENT, 1971 (largely from US Embassy sources): 850 million
Million US$
United Kingdom
35
Italy
12
Kenya
N.A.
West Germany
N.A.
Netherlands
N.A.
France
N.A.
Scandinavia
N.A.
COMMENTS:
The unpredictability of the current Ugandan Government is a deterrent to private foreign invest-
ment. Rash government reactions include expulsion of Israelis and non-citi zen Asians, resulting in the
government takeover of privately owned firms. Recently, Kampala expropriated a number of British-
owned firms and one American-owned enterprise.
Uganda announced in January 1973 that it intended to take over some 500 British companies,
representing about 90% of British interests in the country.
OFFICIAL ECONOMIC ASSISTANCE FROM THE UNITED STATES, FY1962-72:
Million US$
Total FY1970 FY1971 FYI3?72
Total 48.2 3.2
Loans 3 4 5.7
16.6 3.0
Grants 31.5 3.2
3.4 2.7
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CONFIDENTIAL
ZAIRE
POPULATION MID-1973: 23,535,000
GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT 1971:
Total: $2.1 billion Per Capita: $90
By Sector of Origin:
Agriculture, 22'%1; public administration and defense, 18%1; trade and finance, 16%1;
manufacturing, 16%; transportation, communications, and utilities, 7%; mining, 6%; construction,
3%1; other, 12%.
1971
Exports: $798 million
Exports to the United States
Percent
Million
USS
Percent of local US im-
ports or the commodity
All Commodities
43
0.1
By Commodity
By Customer
Nonferrous base metals
(probably cobalt)
12
15.9
Copper
64
Belgium
52
Coffee
12
0.9
Cobalt
6
Italy
11
Zinc
7
3.8
Diamonds
5
France
8
Manganese ore
5
14.3
Tin and ore
3
United Kingdom
5
Vegetable oils and fats
4
1.9
Zinc
2
UNITED STATES
5
Rubber
3
1.0
Coffee
6
Other EC (of six)
9
Palm products
5
Other
10
Rubber
2
Other
6
Unrecorded
1
Imports: $626 million
Imports from the United States
Million
US$
Percent or total US et-
ports of the commodity
All Commodities
37
0.1
By Commodity
By Supplier
Nonelectric machinery
11
0.1
Transport equipment
7
0.1
Capital goods,
Belgium
25
Manufactures
4
Negl.
semi-manufac-
UNITED STATES
14
Food
3
0.1
tures, and raw
West Germany
11
Beverages and tobacco
2
0.2
materials
47
France
10
Electrical machinery
2
0.1
Consumer
Japan
10
Chemicals
2
0.1
goods
27
United Kingdom
6
Iron and steel
1
0.1
Energy
4
Other EC (of six)
13
Textiles and fabrics
1
0.1
Other
22
Other
11
Textile fibers
1
0.2
Petroleum products
1
0.2
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FOREIGN PRIVATE INVESTMENT, 1971 (DAC data): 8560 million
US PRIVATE INVESTMENT, 1971: S49 million
BREAKDOWN OF US INVESTMENT (largely from US Embassy sources):
Million US$
1971
1972
Total
41.71
157.8
Petroleum
8.7
25.0
Manufacturing
16.5
34.2
Mining and smelting
1.2
94.2
Ccm merce
7.3
Other
8.0 }
4.4
Principal US firms:
Goodyear (tire manufacturing), Intercontinental Hotel, Mobil, and Texaco (petroleum distribution).
Standard Oil of Indiana recently invested in copper exploration and mining.
Other investors:
Gulf, Exxon, Pluswood Industries, Union Carbide, Philips Brothers Chemicals, Singer Sewing
Machine Co., Pfizer, International Business Machines, Pan Am, Cynamide/Lederle, Continental
Grain, several banks, and automobile distributorships.
NON-US FOREIGN INVESTMENT, 1972 (largely from US Embassy sources): 9,886 million
Million US$
Belgium 635
France 20
Italy 50
Japan 40
West Germany 80
United Kingdom 60
Switzerland less than 1
COMMENTS:
Zaire has been attempting to interest a number of major American firms (Kaiser Aluminum, ALCOA,
Ford, and General Motors). In 1971 it was estimated that direct investment from US sources might reach
a total of $500 million by 1975. US interests in mining are growing.
OFFICIAL ECONOMIC ASSISTANCE FROM THE UNITED STATES, FY1962-72:
Million US$
Total
FY1970
FY1971
FY1972
Total
381.1
13.1
29.1
5.9
Loans
172.6
11.7
25.7
2.4
Grants
208.4
1.4
3.4
3.5
No rationalization or the large discrepancy between these estimates can be offered.
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ZAMBIA
POPULATION MID-1973: 4,688,000
GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT 1970:
Total: 81.7 billion Per Capita: $410
By Sector of Origin:
Mining, 37%; trade and finance, 13%; agriculture, 10%; construction, 10t%,; manufacturing,
8%; transportation, communications, and utilities, 6%; public administration and defense, 6%;
other, 10%0.
By Commodity
1971
Exports: $679 million
Percent
By Customer
Exports to the United States
Million Percent or Iola) US im-
US$ ports of the commodity
All Commodities 3 Negl.
Nonferrous base metals
(probably cobalt) 3 3.8
Copper
Zinc
Lead
Cobalt
Tobacco
Other
93 EC (of six) 31
2 Japan 21
1 United Kingdom 16
1 South Africa 2
1 Other Europe 13
2 Other Sterling Area 6
Other 11
Imports: $554 million
Imports from the United States
Million
US$
Percent of total CS ex.
ports or the commodity
All Commodities
34
0.1
By Commodity
By Supplier
Nonelectric machinery
16
0.2
Transport equipment
9
0.1
Machinery and
United Kingdom
25
Electrical machinery
1
Negl.
transport
EC (of six)
Other manufactures
3
Negl.
equipment
41
South Africa
15
Chemicals
2
0.1
Manufactures
28
UNITED STATES
10
Unclassified
I
Negl.
Food
10
Japan
7
Minerals and
Rhodesia
5
fuels
9
Other Sterling Area
11
Chemicals
8
Other Europe
5
Crude materials
2
Other
7
Other
2
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401 __
1NNO
1500 NON-US FOREIGN INVESTMENT, 1971 (largely from US Embassy sources): More than $480 million a
Million US$
United Kingdom
250
South Africa
200
Italy
30
FOREIGN PRIVATE INVESTMENT, 1971 (DAC data): $300 million 1
US PRIVATE INVESTMENT, 1971: About $112. million
BREAKDOWN OF US INVESTMENT, 1971 (largely from US Embassy sources):
Million US$
Mining and smelting
100
Manufacturing
5
Petroleum
I
Other
(i
Principal US investors:
American Metal Climax, Coca Cola, Westinghouse Air Brake, International Telephone and
Telegraph, National Cash Register, Mobil, Caltex, St. Regis Paper Co., Ingersoll Rand.
COMMENTS:
The Zambian Government welcomes foreign investment that assists major economic development
goals. Most foreign investment has been in copper production, and the government wishes to steer new
investment into the other sectors of the economy, all of which 'Ire less developed.
OFFICIAL ECONOMIC ASSISTANCE FROM THE UNITED STATES, FY1962-72:
Total
Loans
Grants
Total
FY1970
FY1971
FY1972
41.1
0.2
4.3
23.5
34.6
....
4.3
23.2
6.5
0.2
....
0.3
I The large discrepancy between these estimates cannot be fully rationalized. Private South African
investments estimated at $200 million are excluded from the DAC data.
CONFIDENTIAL 67
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CONFIDENTIAL
Weaknesses in the Investment Data
Economic statistics on the great majority of African countries are often
rudimentary approximations or educated guesses. Data on private foreign
investment in Africa are especially suspect. Investment data in this handbook
thus should be considered only as rough orders of magnitude. Some of the sources
use book value (normally original cost less deorecietion) as a basis for valuing
foreign investment; others use current market prices of plant and equipment to
the extent that data can be developed. Because of the worldwide inflation and
conservative accounting practices, book values are almost certain to be ap-
preciably lower than market or replacement values, especially in the extractive
industries, which dominate foreign investment in Africa. Book values are known
at least in the accounting sense; market values can only be "guesstimate(]."
Even in determining book value, significant differences of approach can give a
wide range of dollar values. For example, book values depend on which partic-
ular accounting system is used for valuing minerals in the ground and for
treating exploration costs.
The OECD's Development Assistance Committee, a principal source of
investment data presented in this handbook, recognizes "substantial un-
certainties" about its estimates of the level of foreign investment in African
countries.
Firms in developed countries, in principal, use net book values
as a basis for the evaluation of their foreign investment.... For most
D.A.C. countries, no company surveys are available and the estimates
have been prepared on the basis of capacity, annual turn-over, etc., or
by using estimates of other authors, the bases of which are not known
in detail. In other cases, incomplete company surveys have had to be
supplemented by estimates arrived at in a similar way. To the extent
that these figures have any validity at all, they may be approaching
market values more than the book values used in company surveys.
This implies problems of comparability of the estimates.' (Emphasis
added.)
The nationality of investors sometimes is difficult to assign, notably in the
case of multinational firms. Some multinational firms have effective management
control in one country, major share-holding interests in another, minor share-
holding interests in a third, and the company headquarters in a fourth.
Relationships among subsidiaries located across country borders add to the
confusion, as does the foreign residence of nationals who manage or control
the firms.
' Part III of "Stock of Private Direct Investments by D.A.C. Countries in
Developing Countries, End 1967," Organization for Economic Cooperation and
Development, Paris, 1972.
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Other common problems are revealed in the US Embassy assessment of
Nigerian statistics on foreign investment:
The Nigerian Central Bank prepares the only official estimates of
the book value of foreign investment.... These Central Bssnlc estimates
-'re considerably lower than past informal Embassy estimates, ap-
parently largely because the Central Bank data refle(,t much higher
rates of depreciation. Nevertheless, this factor alone can hardly
account for such an anomaly as showing British investment to be well
behind American investment. It seems apparent to even the most casual
observer that the U.K. has far larger investment stake here than
any other country. As partial explanation ... officials state that siza"le
British investments situated in the war-damaged Eastern Region w- ;e
"written-off" in 1970. Also, many British investments . . have been
depreciated over a longer time span. Consequently, they may receive
lower depreciated book values in . . . the estinuites.2
2 State. Lagos, A-67, 6 Apr 1973. U.
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