PSYCHOLOGICAL WARFARE

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP85S00362R000700110001-1
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: S
• Document Page Count: 10
• Document Creation Date: December 19, 2016
• Document Release Date: November 20, 2006
• Sequence Number: 1
• Publication Date: May 9, 1947
• Content Type: MF

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COPY NO.
SECRET
30 April 1947
T* r^n 'n
STATE--WAS-NAVY O9ORDINATING COi1iIl LEE
DECISION AMENDING SWNCC 304/1
PSYCHOLOGICAL ~'RE
Note by the Secretares
1. At its 56th Meeting on 29 April 1947, after further
amending, the State-War-Navy Coordinating Committee approved
Sim?CC 304/1, as amended by SWNCC 304/2..
2. Holders of SWNCC 304/1 are requested to substitute
the attached revised pages 4, 5, 6, BY 16, 20 and 25 for the
ones contained therein and destroy the superseded pages by
burning.
H. W. M O S ELEY
W. A, SCHULGEN
V, L. LO ARA 0E
Secretariat
S E C R E T
O SD. DO reviews completed
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b: the State Department has primary interest in psycho-
logical warfare _policy determination which affects the
foreign policy Of the tibited States,
c. The armed serviceb have a vital interest in -sycl'clog-
ical warfare policy determination which affects the national
security and the conduct of military operations of the
United States.
d. The National Intelligence Authority has an interest
in the intelligence and certain other aspects of psycholog-
ical warfare.
e. There is need for the immediate establishment of a
committee with full-time representation from appropriate
governmental agencies to serve as an agency charged with
preparation of psychological warfare policies, plans, and
studies for employment in time of war, or threat of war as
determined by the President,
f. Appropriate agencies of the government should be re-
quired to assist in wartime implementation of approved
psychological warfare plans.
E. The implementation of psychological warfare plans
and directives during wartime, or threat of war as
determined by the president, in an actual or pro--
jected military theater of operations should be the
responsibility solely of the Theater Commander con-
cerned. These plans and directives should be transmitted
by rapid communication to the military commander con-
cerned by the Joint Chiefs of Staff, only.
RECUMMENDAT IUNS
5. It is recommended that the SWNCC:
a. Approve Appendix "A" (a charter for the agency pro--
Dosed in paragraph 4 e), subject to the concurrence of the
National Intelligence Authority and the Joint Chiefs of
Staff.
SW11 CC 304/1
-- 4 -
(Revised 30 April 1947)
S E C R E T
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b. Thereafter, transmit this report to the Secretaries
of State, War and Navy, the Joint Chiefs of Staff, and the
Director of'Central Intelligence, for guidance and
appropriate measures of implementation.
c. Obtain the comments or concurrence of the Central
Intelligence Group and the Joint Chiefs of Staff, when and
as appropriate, in connection with psychological warfare
plans developed by the Subcommittee provided for in
Appendix "All before acting on them.
d. Approve the policy that (a) plans and directives de-
veloped by the Subcommittee, which are to be implemented
in actual or projected military areas, theaters or
commands, will, following their approval by SWNCC, be
transmitted by rapid communication, to the military
commanders concerned by the Joint Chiefs of Staff, only,
and that (b) the implementation of such plans and directives
will be the responsibility solely of the commanders
concerned.
SWNCC 304/1 - 5 - Enclosure
(Revised 30 April 1947)
S E C R E T
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APPENDIX "A"
D R A F T
CHARTER
S0C SUBCOMA4ITTEE ON PSYCHOLOGICAL WARFARE (P.W.C. )
ORGANIZATION
1. The Subcommittee on Psychological Warfare (p.W.C.) is
hereby established as the agency cf the State-War-Navy Coordinat-
ing Ccmrnittee (SWNCC), charged with preparation of policies,
plans, and. studies for immediate and continuous employment of
national psychological warfare in time of war (or threat of war
as determined by the president). The Subcommittee shall have
authority, in the absence of a national wartime organization for
psychological warfare, to coordinate implementation of approved
psychological warfare plans in any war emergency which might
suddenly arise.
2. Psychological Warfare is defined as the planned use,
during time of war or threat of war, of all measures, exclusive
of armed conflict, designed to influence the thought, morale,
or behavior of a given foreign group in such a way as to support
the accomplishment of our military or national aims, with the
following objectives:
a. To assist in overcoming an enemy's will to fight;
b. To sustain the morale of friendly groups in countries
Occupied by the enemy;
c. To improve the morale of friendly countries and the
attitudes of neutral countries toward the United States.
MEMBERSHIP
3. The Subcommittee on Psychological Warfare will consist of
a. One official of the State Department, who will
serve as chairman.
b. One Official Of the Central Intelligence Group.
c. Two officers of the War Department, one of whom will
be a member of the Army Air Forces.
d. One officer of the Navy Department.
SWNCC 304/1 - 6 - Ap~-.endix "A"
OSD, DOS reviews completed (Revised 330CApr~ilT1947)
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e. Utilize the services of the Central Intelligence
Group (CIG) for necessary intelligence in the preparation
of plans, studies, and reports.
d. Under authority of this charter, request the
presence at committee meetings, as consultants, of
representatives from the policy and functional offices c:f
the State, War, or Navy Departments, and the Cent.-.,al
Intelligence Group.
a. If unable to reach agreement on policies, plans, cr
directives, report promptly to SVINCC.
9. The Subcommittee will submit all policies, plans,
or directives to SWNCC for approval prior to implementation.
SWNCC 304/`!
- 8 -
(Revised 30 April 1947)
SE C R E T
Appendix "All
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definitive to permit clear presentation or prompt approval of
plans and implementing measures. The following definitions are
therefore presented as a basis for present discussion, conclu-
sions, and recommendations:
a. Psychological warfare. The planned use, during time
of war, or threat of war, of all measures exclusive of
armed conflict, designed to influence the throught, morale,
or behavior of a given foreign group in such a way as to
support the accomplishment of our military or national
aims, with the following objectives; to assist in over-
coming an enemy's will to fight; to sustain the morale of
friendly groups in countries occupied by the enemy; and to
improve the morale of friendly countries and the attitudes
of neutral countries toward the United States.
b. Information. Dissemination of complete factual in-
formation on subjects of interest in order to promote the
functioning of man's reason.
c. Propaganda. Dissemination of information can sub-
jects of interest, prepared with the intent of persuading,
and of dominating man's reason. The information is
normally factual, but not necessarily complete.
d. "White" propaganda, Overt propaganda, issued from
reputable, known U.S. official or other sources, or from
countries known to be friendly to the U.S. "White"
propaganda may be implemented by press, radio, leaflets,
pamphlets, and voice.
e. "Black" measures. Covert measures, conducted by
forces apparently friendly to the enemy or by subversive
forces within enemy territory. These may be implemented
by radio "freedom" stations, false rumors, false leaflets
and documents, fifth column activities, sabotage, guerilla
warfare, and support of underground resistance groups.
8. United States psychological warfare has a history of
improvisation, without central leadership, control or integra-
tion with other methods of attaining national objectives.
SWNCC 304/1
- 16 -- Appendix "B"
(Revised 30 April 1947)
S E 0 R E T
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order that the committee can be supplied with evaluated intelli-
gence concerning target nations and nationals, and in addition,
because the Central Intelligence Group appears to be the one
existing peacetime agency of the government fitted to implement
"black" psychological warfare measures.
13. The following tasks are visualized for a peacetime
psychological warfare committee;
a. Establishment of definitions, responsibilities and
functions for "white" and. "black" psychological warfare.
Plans to be prepared for use in time of war.
(1) "Strategic'r psychological warfare plans, to be
directed at potential enemy, enemy-occupied, neutral
and friendly nations.
(2) "Tactical", or combat, psychological warfare
plans, to be directed against armed forces of potential
enemies.
(3) Counter-propaganda plans, determined'from an
analysis of peacetime and wartime propaganda of
potential enemies.
(4) Consolidation of plans for areas occupied by
U, S.. forces.
(5) Plane for information control activities for
occupied, hostile areas.
Plans noted in subparagraphs (1), (2), and (3),
preceding, should be formulated for periods when the
United States is on the defensive, when a stalemate
exists, and when the U.S. is on the offensive, In
addition, such plans should make provision for coordi-
nation with similar efforts of possible allies. It is
considered that plans should be concentrated against
the major vulnerable target of a potential enemy
and that plans for subsidiary vulnerable targets
should be integrated with plans against the key target,
SWNCC 304/1 20 -
(Revised 30 April 1947)
S E C R E T
Appendix "B"
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close coordination between psychological warfare, security
and censorship agencies, together with facilities for
briefing overseas press and radio representatives and
control of their current communications outside the
theaters.
_J. Coordination with appropriate SWNCO and JCS
agencies of policies concerning deception materials
to be.used in psychological warfare operations in
order to insure harmony of objectives of psychological
warfare plans with other plans.
14. Recommendation is made that in view of the scope of
exploratory and definitive work confronting a peacetime psycho-
logical warfare committee, members on this committee should be
assigned., insofar as practicable, no other duties, and should be
provided with a permanent secretariat.
SWNCC 304/1
- 25 -
(Revised 30 April 1947)
S E C R E T
Appendix "B"
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