TERRORISM REVIEW (U)

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP85-01095R000100040002-9
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: S
• Document Page Count: 22
• Document Creation Date: December 22, 2016
• Document Release Date: September 15, 2010
• Sequence Number: 2
• Publication Date: May 10, 1984
• Content Type: REPORT

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Review
Terrorism
10 May 1984
Secret
GI TR 84-018 16
10 May 1984
Directorate of i Secret
Intelligence MASTh?R AL! COPY
no .11, T G`!VE `UT
Oft VIANK ON
?y 488
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Secret
Terrorism
Review)
25X1
10 May 1984
1 Perspective-What Can the Data Tell Us
25X1
25X1
Highlights
West Germany: Update on the Red Army Faction
25X1
25X1
25X1
Chronology
Comments and queries regarding this publication may be directed to
Directorate of Intelligence,) 25X1
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Secret
Terrorism
Review 25X1
Perspective What Can the Data Tell Us?
Once a month we publish in this Review a statistical overview of international
terrorist incidents. We also publish elsewhere more complete statistics on an
annual basis, and we respond throughout the year to numerous ad hoc requests for
terrorist incident data.
Our terrorist incident data file contains summaries and statistical breakdowns of
more than 10,000 international terrorist incidents that have occurred since 1968,
including almost all of the significant incidents involving US citizens, facilities, or
property. Based on all-source reporting and subject to rigorous quality controls,
this data file is in our opinion the most accurate, complete, and flexible resource of
its kind. Although we have repeatedly updated and improved the file, we have
taken care to preserve the year-to-year comparability of the data. Consequently, it
is an unparalleled means of tracking anti-US terrorism over time and of placing
this terrorism in a global context.
Despite its quality and utility, however, the file does have some limitations. In
particular, in raw (uninterpreted) form the apparent precision of the data and
statistics disguises a considerable amount of underlying uncertainty and
ambiguity. In an effort to reduce the likelihood that any of our consumers will
inadvertently try to get more out of our terrorist incident data than we have been
putting in, we offer the following information about the nature and reliability of
the conclusions that can legitimately be drawn from these statistics.
What Is Terrorism-and When Is It International?
There is no agreement in the international community, nor even among US
Government agencies, on how to define terrorism. The word means different things
to different people. Few quibble about the core of the problem; for example, when
guerrillas attack an elementary school or a gunman assassinates a diplomat,
almost everybody will agree it is terrorism. The disagreement concerns incidents in
which the terrorism aspect is less clear cut.
Notwithstanding the lack of a definitional consensus, those of us who maintain
terrorist incident data bases must distinguish precisely between "terrorism" and
"nonterrorism," as well as between international terrorism and indigenous
terrorism. The following are the definitions we are currently using for incident
coding purposes:
? Terrorism is premeditated, politically motivated violence perpetrated against
noncombatant targets by subnational groups or clandestine state agents.
? International terrorism is terrorism involving citizens or territory of more than
one country.
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These definitions enable us to make distinctions with reasonable reliability and to
explain these distinctions with reasonable clarity. They also allow us to concentrate
on events that are by nature relatively obvious and therefore easy to collect and
report on-discrete acts such as kidnapings, hijackings, bombings, arson,
shootings, and so on. Even so, using these definitions occasionally produces
paradoxical results. For example:
? In December 1983 the Provisional IRA bombed Harrods department store on
Oxford Street in London. We catalogued that incident as international because
among the casualties was an American woman who happened to be shopping
there when the bomb went off.
? A few days later, in a nearly identical act, the Provisional IRA bombed Marks
and Spencer's, another London department store located about a block away
from Harrods. We did not count that bombing as an international incident
because there were no foreign casualties.
We also leave out some types of incidents that our consumers may assume we have
been counting. For example, at present our data generally do not include:
? Nonviolent acts such as extortion, intimidation, or threats, even when
perpetrated by terrorists.
? Crimes committed by terrorists or terrorist groups solely to protect or support
themselves-such as shootouts with police or thefts of identification documents,
weapons, money, or other items.
? Acts of guerrilla groups that involve combat with government forces or efforts to
take or hold territory.
? Acts, regardless of their character, perpetrated openly by government
organizations or forces.
How Good Are the Data and Where Are They Biased?
Most of our international terrorist incident data come from State, DOD, and CIA
reports and Western news service accounts. These sources, in turn, are heavily
dependent on local government and media reporting for their information. The
reliability of the subsources and the accuracy and sufficiency of their information
vary enormously. In the many parts of the world where US officials and Western
news reporters are thinly assigned and where government officials are
uncooperative or incompetent (including large parts of the Third World), terrorist
events often go unreported, hence unrecorded.
Even when terrorist incidents are reported to us, the available information is
frequently incomplete and contradictory. It is often impossible to determine with
any confidence such mundane facts as the number, nature, and nationalities of
victims, the location and type of facilities attacked, the amount of damage done, or
the identity of the group responsible. Consequently, our data are not only
incomplete but necessarily composed in part of estimates, judgments, and
informed guesses rather than solid, confirmed facts.
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These unavoidable difficulties with information collection have caused certain
statistical biases. We have identified two in particular that often lead to
misinterpretation of the data:
? The reporting of international terrorist incidents that take place in Western
Europe is generally more complete and accurate than the reporting of incidents
that occur elsewhere, suggesting that Western Europe endures a larger
proportion of all international terrorism than is actually the case.
? The reporting of terrorist incidents involving US targets or victims is far more
accurate and complete than the reporting of terrorist incidents involving other
targets and victims, suggesting that US targets and victims compose a larger
proportion of all targets and victims of international terrorism than is actually
the case.
What Can the Data Tell Us?
Even though our data are flawed, we can with some confidence draw certain
conclusions:
? International terrorism accounts for a very small proportion, perhaps less than 1
percent, of all the terrorism occurring in the world.
? Most years, the victims of international terrorism are vastly outnumbered-
perhaps hundreds to one-by the victims of indigenous terrorism.
? US victims constitute a significant proportion of all victims of international
terrorism (although not as large a proportion as the data imply), but only a tiny
fraction of all terrorism victims worldwide.
We also know from the reporting that most indigenous terrorism is a manifestation
of localized political, ethnic, or religious conflicts rather than, say, a reflection of
the global battle between democracy and totalitarianism. Moreover, many if not
most international terrorist incidents occur as a_result of spillover from indigenous
or regional political conflicts. Consequently, the more we know about regional
conflicts that generate terrorism the better we are able to estimate the likely
nature and extent of the international terrorist acts that may occur in connection
with these conflicts. In other words, developments in the Middle East concerning
such issues as the Palestinian problem, pan-Arabism, and Muslim fundamentalism
will determine not only the level of indigenous terrorism in the countries involved
but also of international terrorism emanating from that region.
The converse, however, is not true; the nature and level of international terrorism
are poor predictors of local and regional terrorism. The annual number of
international terrorist events we have recorded over the past five years has
remained remarkably flat, at right around 500, but there have been large regional
variations in the numbers of both international and indigenous terrorist events
during the same period.
Probably the most important questions terrorism analysts can address involve how
to prevent or at least reduce casualties from terrorism in the future. Unfortunately,
our data offer little help in this department. Each year almost all of the casualties
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from international terrorist incidents occur during a handful of events, perhaps
only one or two.
? Almost all of the US casualties last year, for example, came during two
bombings in Beirut.
? So far this year, one international terrorist incident, namely the attack last
February by Sudanese rebels on a Nile River train of crowded passenger barges,
has accounted for more than 90 percent of all of the casualties we have recorded.
Nevertheless, while projections of our data have been used with some success to
estimate the likely level, location, and nature of international terrorist attacks in
coming weeks and months (but not for periods longer than a few months) the sort
of specificity needed to pinpoint impending high-casualty events is not possible to
achieve.
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Secret
Highlights
Significant Libya-UK: Weapons Found in London People's Bureau. British police searched
Developments the vacated Libyan Embassy on 1 May and found two loaded colt cobra .38-
caliber handguns, 18 rounds of hollow point and other .38-caliber ammunition, six
rounds of .25-caliber ammunition, eight flak jackets, and two sterling machinegun
magazines. Firearms residue also was found on the carpet below the window from
which witnesses say shots fired on 17 April killed a British policewoman. A spent
9-mm shell case, the caliber of bullet that killed the policewoman, was found in the
same room. The material found was positive proof that Libyan diplomats had fired
into the crowd of anti-Qadhafi demonstrators and UK police restraining them. We
believe Libya took other weapons out of its Embassy in diplomatic pouches before
the Libyans left on 27 April, two days before Britain's deadline for the severing of
UK-Libyan diplomatic relations. British Foreign Secretary Howe stated before
Parliament that "from now on we shall not hesitate to use our powers to prevent
the abuse by missions of their diplomatic status in connection with terrorist
activities." He also ruled out any additional specific sanctions against Libya.)
Libya: What Next After London? The Times of London reported on 30 April that
a Libyan diplomatic source said Qadhafi has temporarily rescinded orders for
additional attacks on Libyan exiles. According to the article, several Libyan
diplomats have been called back to Tripoli for instructions on how to counter
adverse publicity resulting from the shooting incident at the London People's
Bureau. Qadhafi has abruptly moderated his behavior in the past to lessen adverse
publicity, and we believe attacks on dissidents may be postponed for that purpose.
Qadhafi is unlikely to allow additional public demonstrations in Western Europe
or recent antiregime attacks in Libya to go unanswered, however. Moreover, Libya
could seek to attack British interests with its own agents or by supporting others to
do so. Tripoli already has announced its intention to renew aid to the IRA, and
London warned all its diplomatic missions on 3 May to be alert to possible Libyan-
inspired attacks.)
Namibia: SWAPO Bombings. South African police investigating the bombing of a
gas station in northern Namibia on 15 April that killed two US officials have
concluded the Americans were not intended targets. The black-owned gas station
itself was the target and had been bombed twice before, according to the police.
SWAPO has repeatedly attacked the property of well-to-do blacks suspected of
supporting the South African-backed government. South African forensic experts
characterized the bomb as an improvised device triggered by a mechanical timer.
Although SWAPO has access to modern Soviet-manufactured mines, it lacks
remotely controlled detonators, according to authorities. Such detonators would
have been needed to target the US officials, who had made an unscheduled stop
for fuel. F__1
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Western Europe: Takeover of Iranian Facilities. The Marxist Iranian People's
Fedayeen claimed credit for the nearly simultaneous takeovers of Iranian
Government offices in London, Frankfurt, The Hague, and Paris, on 26 April (see
Chronology for details). The dissidents said they were protesting the treatment of
100,000 political prisoners held in Iran, many of them leftists. The People's
Fedayeen has two factions, one with close ties to the pro-Soviet Tudeh Party, but it
is unclear which faction conducted the attacks. We believe terrorist reprisals by
Tehran against Iranian exiles or nations believed to be supporting them are likely.
West Germany: Munitions Cache Discovered. Near Dortmund, a cache of
munitions and explosives was accidentally discovered recently. Although there is
no conclusive evidence indicating to whom the cache belonged, West German
security officials have not ruled out the possibility that it is part of an RAF
logistics buildup. F_~
Belgium: New Counterterrorist Organization. The Belgian Government intends to
have operational by June 1984 a new interservice counterterrorist organization
designed to improve both policy coordination and cooperation among the country's
various police, intelligence, and security services. The organization appears to be
modeled along the lines of counterterrorist entities in other West European
countries. Championed by Justice Minister Jean Gol, the new organization will
centralize counterterrorist decisionmaking and operational authority. It will be
headed by a council dubbed the "antiterrorist college" that will be the
government's top policy and coordination body for all counterterrorist matters.
With the Justice Minister chairing, other "college" members will include the
chiefs of the five national police, intelligence, and security services. Policy
decisions and proposals for action by the "college" will be passed directly to the
new operational arm, the Interforces Antiterrorist Group (GIA), which will consist
of an intelligence section and a special reaction unit. Personnel drawn from all five
services will be included in the GIA's intelligence section, whose primary
responsibility will be to keep the "college" informed of terrorist developments. The
National Gendarmerie's existing Special Intervention Squad, also known as the
Groupe Diane, will be reconstituted as the operational reaction unit of the GIA.
The unit will initiate operations only as authorized by the "college."F---]
Israel: Attempted Bombings ofArab Buses. Israeli police have detained
approximately 19 suspects for the 27 April attempted bombings of 4 or 5 Arab
buses (see Chronology). The police are working on the assumption that three
Jewish extremist groups, possibly in collaboration, are responsible for the
attempted bombings and also for the 1983 attack on the Islamic College and the
1980 car bombs which maimed two Palestinian mayors. The three groups of
detainees came from settlements in Hebron, the Golan, and the area north of
Jerusalem, adding credibility to recent accusations that Israeli settlements are
serving as breeding grounds for violent extremists.)
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Secret
West Germany:
Update on the Red Army Faction
There are signs that West Germany's most notorious
terrorist group, the RAF-which has been inactive
since 1982 due to the government's successful
counterterrorist operations-is rebuilding its
organization. 0
West German security officials believe that the 26
March bank robbery in Wuerzburg was committed by
members of the RAF. They base their conclusion on
the tactics used, which were similar to those in
previous RAF operations, especially the last action
undertaken by the group-a bank robbery in Bochum
in 1982:
? Four people were involved in the robbery-two
actually taking the money, one standing guard at
the door with a stopwatch, and one remaining in the
car.
? A stolen car with false license plates was used and
later abandoned.
? Various articles of clothing were left behind in the
car, suggesting that the robbers had altered their
appearance.F_~
The RAF has traditionally financed its operations and
underground lifestyle through bank robberies. The
group was apparently unable to raise any funds in
1983 and apparently lived off ransom money from a
1977 kidnaping carried out by the Two June
Movement, which merged with the RAF in 1980.
Currency included in that ransom payment has
surfaced in West Germany with greater frequency
during the past year. The Wuerzburg bank robbery
indicates that the group is capable of performing
crimes that will enable it to strengthen its logistics
base, even if members are not yet able to carry out
actual terrorist operations.F--]
We have not seen conclusive information concerning
the identification of any of the perpetrators, but
the West German
underground in 1977, was involved. The West
German security services have issued an updated
"most wanted" list of terrorists, which includes von
Seckendorff-Gudent. FI
A second possible indicator of revitalized terrorist
activity is the recent discovery of a cache of munitions
and explosives near Dortmund. Although the West
Germans do not know who deposited the cache, it fits
the pattern by which the RAF has in the past rebuilt
its logistics capability. F_~
25X1
25X1
The RAF suffered significant setbacks to its
organization in 1982 when three key personnel were
arrested and West German authorities uncovered
numerous caches of weapons, materiel, and money. 25X1
The group's relative inactivity since then should not
be interpreted as a sign that the RAF is dead.
the RAF has 25X1
in the past successfully regenerated a leadership core
after personnel losses. Moreover, the number of RAF
supporters-the traditional recruitment reservoir for 25X1
the hardcore members-has not changed much over
recent years. Although
not aware of any recent recruitment to
the hardcore, we note that the descriptions of three of
the Wuerzburg robbers do not match those of known
25X1
25X1
hardcore members. F~ 25X1
at her trial, 25X1
Adelheid Schulz, a key RAF member who was
arrested in 1982, stated that it was still the aim of the
group to commit new terrorist acts after a period of
regeneration. Two other RAF leaders currently on
trial, Brigitte Mohnhaupt and Christian Klar, have
also maintained a defiant attitude toward the state.
As in the past, jailed leaders appear to be providing
the inspiration for the continuation of the "anti-
imperialist" fight.F__1
press have speculated that Ekkehard von Seckendorff-
Gudent, the Hamburg medical doctor who went
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If the RAF is successful in rebuilding its organization,
we should receive additional indications before it is
capable of mounting any major attacks. Personnel is a
key problem and recruitment for the hardcore from
the supporter network is probably necessary. The
group must continue to build its logistics base, which
means there could be additional bank robberies,
weapons, ammunition, and auto thefts. The
implication for US interests in West Germany is
serious: the RAF has been violently anti-US military
in the past and is likely to continue to be so.l
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Secret
GRAPO: Still a Threat
Recent terrorist attacks in Spain may mark the
resurgence of the extreme leftist terrorist
organization, First of October Antifascist Resistance
Group (GRAPO). Despite repeated campaigns by the
Spanish police to eliminate GRAPO, the small group
of probably fewer than 10 hardcore members has
managed to stay alive. Because of GRAPO's ability
periodically to step up its activity level-as it appears
to be doing currently-it remains a potential threat to
the Spanish Government. GRAPO's traditional "anti-
imperialist" stance could cause it to target US
military installations in Spain. F__]
In January the group killed two police officers in
Madrid and bombed two tax offices in Catalonia. In
February GRAPO initiated a campaign to extort
"revolutionary taxes" from prominent Spanish
businessmen, mimicking a tactic the Basque group
Fatherland and Liberty (ETA) has used with some
success. Three known GRAPO members, including
one recently released from prison, were responsible for
five bank robberies in the Sevilla area on 12 March-
netting $20,000.
GRAPO is a Maoist, urban-oriented, anti-US
terrorist arm of the now-illegal Reconstituted
Communist Party of Spain (PCE-R). The group
advocates the violent overthrow of the Spanish
Government and the establishment of a centrally
planned and directed economy. Its name was derived
from the date of the assassination of four members of
the Spanish National Police on 1 October 1975. Since
then, GRAPO has followed a strategy based on
"military operations" financed by armed robberies.
GRAPO responded to the Socialists' election victory
in October 1982 with a unilateral moratorium on
illegal activities. We believe that the group wanted to
attract public sympathy for its cause with that act.
They coupled this "good faith" gesture with an offer
to dissolve the group if the government met their
demands: to free all leftist political prisoners and to
meet the aspirations of those national groups it
considers "oppressed by the Spanish state." Following
the death of leader Juan Martin Luna in a shootout
with police in Barcelona in December 1982, GRAPO
announced its intention to resume terrorism. In the
spring of 1983 they assassinated a lieutenant in the
National Police and a member of the Civil Guard.
After the September 1983 arrest of several GRAPO
members-including new leader Josefina Garcia
Aramburu and her husband-and the recovery of
arms and ammunition belonging to the group, the 25X1
Spanish press announced that GRAPO had been
destroyed. Several known members remained at large,
however, and additional members of the group who
were serving prison terms were released. F__1
The increased activity since January 1984 indicates
that, despite strong police efforts since 1980, GRAPO
remains a potential threat to the Spanish Government
and could also become a threat to US military
facilities or personnel there.
While GRAPO's operational capability will rise and
fall in response to Madrid's counterterrorist efforts, it
is unlikely that the government can effectively
eliminate the group in the near term. Even though
another leading member-suspected of involvement
in most of the 1984 activities-was arrested on 7
May, GRAPO will probably retain its resilience
because it remains able to recruit new members. The
"Assembly of Families of Prisoners"-an ostensibly
humanitarian organization that functions as the overt
political front as well as a covert infrastructure for
GRAPO-probably serves as a reservoir of potential 25X1
members. The organization probably also provides
assistance to GRAPO members upon their release
from prison, thereby retaining their continued
allegiance to its cause. F_~ 25X1
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Chronology
This chronology includes significant events, incidents, and trends in global
terrorism. It provides commentary on their background, importance, and wider
implications. It does not treat events listed in previous editions of the chronology
unless new information has been received.n
28 March 1984 Iran: Attacks on Turkish Diplomats
In Tehran, the Armenian Secret Army for the Liberation of Armenia (ASALA)
claimed responsibility for two separate attacks on two Turkish diplomats. The
Turkish Military Attache subsequently died from his wounds. A third attack failed
when the terrorist attempting to plant a bomb in the car belonging to the Turkish
Commercial Attache was killed when the device detonated prematurely. Four
terrorists also were arrested at the home of another Turkish diplomat. An ASALA
communique appearing in the Armenian Reporter indicates that ASALA had
deployed 20 terrorists and had intended to conduct simultaneous attacks against
several members of the Turkish mission in Tehran.l
13 April 1984
Netherlands: Threat at Hague Tribunal
A telephone caller identifying himself as a member of an unknown group called
Paiz-the Persian word for autumn-threatened the life of two tribunal officials
arbitrating the US-Iranian claims case. The official receiving the call judged the
accent to be Iranian. The threat came one week after a member of the Iranian
negotiating team alluded to the need to rely upon "young revolutionaries for
justice." One of the tribunal officials resigned because of the threat, causing a
delay in the proceedings which appeared to favor Iran.n
UAE: Possible Surveillance of US Facilities
Local security officials informed the US Embassy that three men believed to be
Palestinians had been observed driving back and forth in front of the American
School and the US Charge's residence. Security has been increased at both sites.
14 April 1984 Iran: Attacks on Turkish. Diplomats Continue
In Tehran, attackers believed to be members of ASALA strafed the residence of
the Turkish Administrative Attache, causing minor damage but no injuries.
15 and 23 April 1984 Pakistan: Threats Against US Consulate
On 15 and 23 April letters, similar to that received on 13 March, were received by
the US Consulate in Lahore. The United Muslim Organization again threatened
to "teach a lesson to America." The notes also threatened "the destruction of
Russia" and vowed to avenge India's execution of the group's founder, Maqbool
Butt, by assassinating Rajiv Gandhi, son of the Prime Minister.fl
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Lebanon: Attack on Jumblatt
A rocket propelled grenade caused minor damage to the home of Druze PSP
leader Walid Jumblatt. No one claimed credit for the attack, but the incident
highlights a continuing terrorist campaign against Druze targets in Beirut since
the Druze militia cracked down on the Sunni Murabitun in late March. Moreover,
Jumblatt was threatened with assassination on 26 March by a telephone call in the
name of Islamic Jihad. The warning accused Jumblatt of being "a notorious Israeli
agent."n
Lebanon: More Bombings
Two dynamite charges damaged businesses in the Hamra area of West Beirut, a
predominantly Muslim district near the American University. No casualties
occurred and no one claimed credit.
West Germany: Pan American Bombing Claimed
The bomb explosion at the Pan American Airlines office in Stuttgart which caused
$6,000 in damages has been claimed by the Turkish Revolutionary Peoples
Brigades. The attack was made to protest mistreatment of political prisoners in
Turkey. F7
Lebanon: Assassination Sparks Heavy Fighting
Two days of heavy fighting between the pro-Syrian leftist Arab Democratic Party
and the pro-Iranian Islamic Unification Movement followed the death of ADP
official Shawki Mussawi. Mussawi was wounded in an assassination attempt on 15
April. The two groups are contending for influence in northern Lebanon near
Tripoli.)
21 April 1984 Spain: Civil Guard Slain
In Bilbao, three Basque separatists-probably members of Fatherland and Liberty
(ETA)-shot and killed a member of Spain's paramilitary Civil Guard.n
France: Arrest of GAL Member
French police in Paris arrested a suspected member of the rightwing Antiterrorist
Liberation Group (GAL), bringing the total number of GAL arrests in April to
seven. GAL has claimed responsibility for the murder of six Spanish exiles in the
French Basque area since December.)
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22 April 1984 Italy: Attempted Bombing of Newspaper Office
In Naples, a handgrenade was thrown into the building housing the daily paper Il
Mattine. The device failed to explode and no claim has been received for the
attempt.n
France: Bombing of Japanese Companies
In Clichy, a bomb blast-claimed by a Japanese anarchist group demanding the
release of a condemned man in Japan-caused extensive damage to the Sony-
France Laboratory. A second bombing-claimed by the same group-caused
considerable damage to an auto dealership in Levallois-Perret where one person
was injured. F-]
Greece: Easter Sunday Bombings
In the Athens area, an explosion claimed by "The Revolutionary Red Army" took
place in a phone booth. A second bomb exploded in a garbage can and was
unclaimed. According to press reports, Greek police attributed both explosions to
extreme rightwing elements commemorating the 21 April 1967 junta. F-]
Lebanon: Attack on Murabitun Official
A rocket grenade fired in the early morning darkness damaged the Beirut house of
Atif-ad-Durubi, a member of the Sunni Murabitun Higher Political Committee.
No one was injured and no group claimed responsibility. We believe the attack
could have been conducted by the Druze in retaliation for a series of terrorist
attacks on Druze facilities following its crackdown on the Murabitun in late
March. F-1
23 April 1984 Lebanon: Israeli civilians wounded
A bomb exploded near Qalgilyah in southern Lebanon, injuring two Israeli tourists
visiting an ancient monument. No one claimed credit for planting the bomb.
Radical Shias or Palestinians could be responsible. F-1
24 April 1984 Gaza Strip: Bombs Defused
A bomb was discovered in a mosque in Khan Yunus and defused by Israeli police.
A police demolition expert was wounded when a second smaller bomb near the
Mosque was being disarmed. We believe Jewish extremist terrorists are the most
likely perpetrators. F-1
Italy: Bombing at Italian-Israeli Chamber of Commerce
In Milan, a bomb that detonated in front of the Italian-Israeli Chamber of
Commerce caused minor damage but no injuries. No group has claimed
responsibility for the explosion. F-]
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25 April 1984 Scotland: Arrest of Threat Perpetrator
In Ayr, a Scottish national was arrested following the delivery of a letter which
bore handwriting similar to that on other bomb threat letters received in the area.
After questioning, the arrested individual admitted to sending bomb threat letters
to the Royal Submarine Base Faslane and to the US Hunley submarine which was
in Holy Loch earlier this year. F-1
Chile: Mayor's Office Bombed
A bomb exploded at the office of the mayor of Quinta Normal in western
Santiago, injuring four people. No group has claimed credit for the bombing.
Chile: Mirista Refugees Leave for Cuba
Two of the four members of the Movement of the Revolutionary Left (MIR), who
sought refuge in the Santiago Papal Nunciature and who were granted temporary
safehaven in Ecuador, were allowed safe passage to Cuba.n
26 April 1984 Chile: City Hall Bombed
A dynamite charge severely damaged the La Cisterna City Hall in southern
Santiago. The predawn explosion damaged several offices but caused no casualties.
No group claimed credit for the attack. F7
Guadeloupe: Coordinated Bombing Attack
A series of 15 predawn bomb attacks caused minor property damage to public
buildings and private businesses in nine towns. Several teams appeared to have
been involved in the coordinated attacks that caused no injuries. No group has
claimed responsibility, but authorities suspect the Caribbean Revolutionary
Alliance (ARC) was responsible.fl
Pakistan: British Airliner Diverted
A British Airways flight en route to London from Islamabad was diverted to
Istanbul after a note stating there was a bomb aboard was found in one of the
plane's lavatories. No bomb was found. The note had been signed "Your Libyan
friends." The washroom had been cleaned in Doha, UAE, the plane's previous
stop. F-1
Sudan: British Citizen Killed
The British crew chief of a seismic team working for a French oil exploration
project was kidnaped by two uniformed men near the southern Sudan town of Bor;
his body was discovered two days later. The French company reportedly had made
a deal with the insurgents of the Sudanese People's Liberation Movement (SPLM)
in order to work in the area, and the insurgents denied any role in the abduction.
No group has yet claimed credit for the murder. F-1
Bangladesh: Political Rally Bombed
Several explosions occurred at a central Dhaka rally of the opposition Democratic
League, just before party leader and former President Mustaque Ahmed was to
speak. According to press reports, one person was killed and another 20 were
wounded. No one has yet claimed responsibility for the blasts.n
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Lebanon: French Policeman Killed
A French gendarme guarding the French Embassy in Beirut was killed by gunmen
riding by in a car. No group claimed responsibility for the attack, but we believe
pro-Iranian, radical Shias are the most likely culprits.n
Lebanon: Terrorist Rockets Found
Three Katyusha rockets were found by Israeli authorities in the western sector of
southern Lebanon near the Israeli border. Unknown terrorists apparently planned
to fire them into Israel. 7_1
France: Bombing at Engineering Firm
In Paris a bomb explosion at the French engineering firm of Creusot-Loire caused
minor damage and no injuries. No group has claimed responsibility. F7
Western Europe: Takeover of Iranian Facilities
Twelve Iranian dissidents occupied their nation's mission to UNESCO in Paris for
several hours and left peacefully. Two employees in the office of Iran Air in
Frankfurt were slightly injured when at least 10 demonstrators sprayed tear gas
and damaged office equipment. Police arrested three demononstrators but the
remainder fled in the ensuing confusion. Eleven protestors were captured and
beaten by Iranian officials when'they attempted to enter and disrupt the Iranian
consulate in London. British police arrested all 11 after consulate officials released
them. The most serious incident was in The Hague where 17 anti-Khomeini
dissidents briefly took control of the Iranian Embassy, damaged its offices, and
injured the Ambassador and one other diplomat. Dutch police entered the
Embassy and captured the attackers. In a minor incident, six Iranians chained
themselves to the front of Amnesty International offices in. Vienna. F1
Israel: Bombs Placed on Arab Buses
Several bombs were placed on 4 or 5 Arab buses belonging to the Kalandia Bus
Company, timed to go off at around 4:30 p.m. when the buses would be the most
crowded. The explosive devices, which were very sophisticated and lethal, consisted
of three separate charges on each bus. The main charge was placed close to the
vehicle's gas tank and the two secondary devices were placed so as to destroy the
front axle and steering gear. The charges were a mixture of plastic explosive and
dynamite. Approximately 19 suspects are in custody, two of whom have apparently
confessed to involvement in the 26 July 1983 machinegun attack on the Islamic
College, which wounded 30 people and killed four. Some of the suspects may also
have been involved in the 1980 car bombings of two Palestinian mayors.-]
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Seven banks in Valparaiso and Vina del Mar suffered heavy damage from
dynamite bombs. A woman passing one of the banks was wounded by flying glass.
No group has claimed responsibility for the attacks.n
28 April 1984 Iran: Assassination Claimed by ASALA
In Tehran, ASALA claimed responsibility for the shooting death of a Turkish
businessman. The attack took place during the visit of the Turkish Premier to Iran
and after repeated threats by ASALA to disrupt the visit. In telephone calls to
news agency offices in Paris and Tehran, a spokesman for ASALA dedicated the
attack to the martyrs Havarian and Ayvasian-two ASALA members allegedly
killed by Turkish agents in July 1983-in the name of the Suicide Group Sourig
Krikorian-named for the terrorist who was killed in a 28 March bomb blast in
Tehran. Based on this claim, we believe the recent series of attacks by ASALA in
Tehran represent activities by the hard core of ASALA under the leadership of
Hagop Hagopian. F-]
France: Arrest of Spanish Terrorists
In Bayonne and Biarritz, four members of the Spanish group Anticapitalist
Autonomous Commandos (CAA)-a small splinter faction of the military wing of
ETA-were arrested and charged with carrying arms, ammunition, and
explosives. F-]
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Lebanon: Bars Bombed
Bombs exploded in three bars in West Beirut late in the evening of 30 April and in
two bars in the same area the previous night. The blasts caused no injuries, but
four days earlier one person was injured when two other bars were bombed. The
attacks apparently are designed to enforce the Islamic ban on alcohol, and began
when Moslem militias seized control of West Beirut on 6 February. We believe
pro-Iranian, radical Shias are responsible.F__-]
Colombia: Justice Minister Assassinated
Colombian Minister of Justice Rodrigo Lara Bonilla was killed by a volley of
bullets when gunmen ambushed his limousine in Bogota. Lara's bodyguards
returned fire, killing one of the gunmen and wounding another who is now under
detention. The assassination followed death threats against the minister for his
sweeping crackdown on Colombia's massive drug trade,-]
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5 May 1984
Cyprus: Palestinian Journalist Assassinated
A lone gunman shot and killed Palestinian journalist Hanna Moqbill and wounded
his secretary as they drove along a city street. No one has claimed responsibility
nor has any motive been established for the attack.F__1
France: GAL Shooting
In Saint Martin-D'Arossa, members of the Spanish Antiterrorist Liberation
Group (GAL) shot two leading members of ETA-M. One of the victims died and
the other was seriously wounded in the attack.n
France: Bombings of Armenian Targets
In Alfortville, a bomb destroyed a portion of the newly installed monument to the
Armenian victims of the 1915 genocide. Two other blasts in the same
predominantly Armenian area injured 13 people. On 4 May, an anonymous caller
to a news agency in The Hague took responsibility for bombings and threatened
additional attacks as revenge for attacks on Turkish diplomats by Armenian
terrorists. Although the caller claimed to represent the unknown "Anti-Armenian
Organization," press speculation has already hinted at possible Turkish complicity
in the attacks in view of harsh Turkish Government protests over the erection of
the monument.) 1
Spain: Bombing of French School
In San Sebastian, a gasoline bomb was thrown at a French school, causing minor
damage. The bombing was apparently the work of Basque separatists in retaliation
for the killing of a Basque separatist in France on 3 May. F-1
Spain: Businessman Slain
In Oyarzun, a businessman was shot and killed. Police believe members of ETA-M
are responsible for the killing.n
Italy: Bombings at Honduran Embassy and Italian-US Cultural Exchange
The "Comuniste per L'Internazionaleismo Proletario" claimed credit for two
bombings in Rome. A bomb at the entrance of the Honduran Embassy injured a
secretary and shattered windows. A second bombing at the Fulbright Commission
near the US Embassy caused no injuries but shattered windows and caused other
structural damage. F-]
Italy: Warehouse Bombing
In Rome, two bombings outside an electronics equipment warehouse belonging to
two US companies, Lace Standard and ITT, caused minor damage. The explosions
have not been claimed and do not appear to be related to the bombings in Rome on
4 May.n
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