PROSECUTIONS INVOLVING CLASSIFIED INFORMATION

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CIA-RDP85-00003R000100010002-4
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June 18, 1981
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36 rents for $130 a month. She said, "They let me stay here, and I do laundry, iron, and cook for them." Maria is pregnant again. She said she probably will have her next baby at Cook County Hospital and get welfare payments for that child, too. The- caseworker, said,it was common for he young women with new babies born in he U.S. to keep house for other Illegal aliens. "Obviously these girls aren't coming here to work," she added. "They're coming here pregnant, either to live with someone, a common-law spouse who is working, or they're coming here specifically to get on Public Aid." Although the AFDC grants are meager, they seem like gold to illegal aliens who are accustomed to even greater poverty in their native land, the caseworkers say. Asked why she came to the U.S., Maria said: "People in Mexico said it was a good place to go; $50 here has the buying power of $1,200 in Mexico." Officials say illegal aliens also are easily able to otbain unemployment insurance by presenting false Social Security cards. Stella Cuthbert, state unemployment insurance commissioner, listened during an interview as, an employee explained that If an appli- cant had a Social Security card, employ- ment, verification, "and stated that he was a U.S. citizen, we wouldn't usually go any further. We don't witch-hunt." Cuthbert said, however, that the number of fraud cases identified is "minimal." A Latino social worker in Evanston, who refers illegal aliens to social service agencies in the area, agreed. "At unemployment com- pensation offices, they ask, 'Are you' legal to work in this countryT If the answer is yes, they (the illegal aliens) have no problem." Bob Kichura, an official at Chicago's De- partment of Human Services Commnity Service Center, 2550 W. North Ave., said il- legal aliens frequently are given free baskets of food and counseled about how to get Pub- lic Aid for their children. "We provide whatever services we can to them. We don't ask if they're illegal or not," Kichura said. He estimated that 15 to 20 per cent of the approximately 30,000 persons who come to the center each months are illegal aliens. The privacy regulations in both the Illi- nois Department of Public Aid code and the U.S. Department of Health and Human Serv- ice Code state that the officials are "pro- hibited from disclosing the contents of any records, files, papers, and communications, except Sor purposes directly connected with . administration" of the program. Johnetta Jordan, a Public Aid depart- ment spokesman in Springfield, said the most common reason for disclosing appli- cant Information was to aid in fraud investi- gations. But she said since the U.S.-born children of illegal aliens are entitled to the benefits, no fraud is involved in designating the illegal parent as "grantee." Cook County Board President George Dunne, who officially is charged with over- seeing the finances of Cook County Hospital, was asked why the hospital did not report the aliens. He said "that's the first time that's come to my attention" and said he would "check into the policy." However, he said: "I don't think I would want to put that imposition on the people at the hospital. We treat people every day who have broken the law of the govern- ment-people injured in the act of a crime. If someone presents himself and he's sick, he ought to be taken care of, whether he's an alien or not." Georgetti said the attitude taken by other government bodies toward illegal aliens is frustrating but legal. Approved For Release 2008/10/23: CIA-RDP85-00003R000100010002-4 LONG SS!ONAl RD-SENATIE June 18, 1981 pealing to me said. "I'd welt FLED INFORMATION Mr. THURMOND. Mr. President, some- times Federal criminal cases are not prosecuted because the Government is faced with a "Hobson's Choice"-whether to disclose sensitive classified informa- tion in a trial or not prosecute a case of clear guilt. The Attorney General has sent to me a copy of the guidelines to be used by the Department of Justice in making this delicate decision. Since the issue is one of general interest to every Senator, I ask unanimous consent that a copy of these guidelines and the forward- ing letter from the Attorney General be inserted`in the RECORD: There being no objection, the material was ordered to be printed in the RECORD, as follows: OFFICE OF THE ATTORNEY GENERAL, Washington, D.C., June 10, 1981. Hon. STROM THURMOND, Chairman, Committee on the Judiciary, U.S. Senate, Washington, D.C. DEAR MR. CHAIRMAN: Attached are the guidelines I have issued for the prosecution of cases which may involve'the disclosure of classified Information. Issuance of these guidelines was required under section 12(a) of the Classified Information Procedures Act of 1980 (Pub. L. No. 96-456, 94 Stat. 2025) which provides in pertinent part that: The Attorney General shall issue guidelines specifying the factors to be used by the Department of Justice in rendering a decision to prosecute a violation of Federal law in which, in the judgment of the Attor- ney General, there is a possibility that classi- fied information will be revealed." While it is inevitable that there will con- tinue to be cases in which the potential damage to national security interests that could result if classified information were revealed at trial is such that prosecution is precluded, the procedures set out in the Classified Information Procedures Act should enable the Department to prosecute more effectively those cases in which classified information may be at issue. Furthermore, these guidelines should facilitate more rea- soned and uniform decisionmaking with re- spect to the determination of the propriety of initiating or declining prosecution of such cases. Sincerely, WILLIAM FRENCH SMITH, Attorney General. OFFICE OF THE ATTORNEY GENERAL, Washington, D.C. ATTORNEY GENERAL'S GUIDELINES FOR PROSECU- TIONS INVOLVING CLASSIFIED INFORMATION 1. Introduction: The determination of whether it is appro- priate to decline prosecution of a violation of federal law is a matter within the discretion of the Executive Branch. It is the policy of the Department of Justice that where it is believed that a person has committed a fed- eral offense and there is sufficient evidence to secure conviction, prosecution should be sought unless no substantial federal Interest would be advanced by the prosecution or un- less there are other substantial federal interests that would be served by declining, prosecution. This principle was among those articulated in the recently published "Principles of Fed- eral Prosecution." 1 Paragraph 2 of Part B of the "Principles", which addresses the deci- sion to decline prosecution, provides that: "The attorney for the government should commence or recommend federal prosecution if he believes that the person's conduct con- stitutes a federal offense and that the admis- sible evidence will probably be sufficient to obtain and sustain a conviction, unless, in his judgment, prosecution should be de- clined because: "(a) no substantial federal interest would be served by prosecution; "(b) the person is subject to effective prosecution in another jurisdiction; or "(c) there exists an adequate non-criminal alternative to prosecution." However, in cases in which there is a pos- sibility that classified information may be revealed if the prosecution is pursued, an addiitonal consideration must be addressed in determining whether it is appropriate to continue with the investigation or prosecu- tion; that is, whether the need to protect against the disclosure of the classified in- formation outweighs other federal interests that would be served by proceeding with the prosecution. In such cases, therefore, it is the responsibility of the Department of Jus- tice, in consultation with the agency or agen- cies whose classified information is Involved, to identify and assess these competing inter- ests so that a reasoned decision may be made with respect to continuing the investigation or prosecution. The purpose of these guidelines is to iden- tify those factors which should be considered in determining whether to prosecute a viola- tion of federal law where it appears that there is a possibility that classified informa- tion will be revealed If prosecution is pur- sued. While these guidelines do not provide an exhaustive list of all factors which may properly have a bearing on this determina- tion, an attempt has been made to enumerate those factors which are most important and are likely to arise with some frequency. 2. General Provisions. a. Authority: These guidelines are issued pursuant to section 12(a) of the Classified Information Procedures Act of 1980 (Pub. L. No. 96-456, 94 Stat. 2025), which provides in pertinent part that: The Attorney General shall issue guidelines specifying the factors to be used by the Department of Justice in rendering a decision whether to prosecute a violation of Federal law in which, in the judgment of the Attorney General, there is a possibility that classified information will be revealed." b. Definitions: As used in these guidelines- (1) the term "classified information" means any information or material that has been determined by the United States Gov- ernment, pursuant to an Executive order, statute, or regulation, to require protection against unauthorized disclosure for reasons of national security and any restricted. data, as defined in paragraph r of section 11 of the Atomic Energy Act of 1954 (42 U.S.C. 201 (y)); and (2) the term "national security" means the national defense and foreign relations of the United States. 'The "Principles of Federal Prosecution," which apply to all federal prosecutions, were published by the Department of Justice in July 1980, and are set out in section 9-27.000 of the U.S. Attorneys' Manual. Approved For Release 2008/10/23: CIA-RDP85-00003R000100010002-4 Approved For Release 2008/10/23: CIA-RDP85-00003R000100010002-4 June 18, 1981 CONGRESSIONAL ,RECORD- SENATE with the freedom-to choose his own economic destiny. A person's economic well-being ought to be proportionate to his talents and willing- ness to better himself, according to the an- cient law, one reaps what. one sows. From this philosophy -sprang the, cornerstones of our political and., economic structure, the Constitution and the Free Enterprise : Sys- 'tem. The next 150 years saw thirteen struggling colonies grow from obscurity to become the. undisputed international, leader, . following World War II: Our government, assuming a laissez faire approach toward business and a protectionist attitude toward its citizens' liberties, successfully steered our country during this period of unparalleled growth. A citizenry with character coupled with op- portunity provided by a free enterprise gov- ernment permitted this tremendous expan- sion. But recently our government has assumed another role. Instead of protecting the indi- vidual from outsiders, it has also determined to.protect him from himself. Instead of pro- viding the individual with the economic freedom to determine his condition, the gov- ernment has resolved to provide him with guaranteed economic security. The United States Government now seems to view as its duty to put a steak in every stomach, an education in every child, and clothes on every back. Through Social Security, Medi- caid, Welfare, and the Food Stamp - Pro-, grams, to name a few, our government has assumed social responsibilities that were once left to the Individual or to the family unit. At first glance this trend may appear harmless enough. What does it matter if government wishes to provide economic se- curity as well as physical security? But steak, education, and clothes cost money; somehow the price must be paid. To provide these social "rights," government, not inher- ently self-supportive, must turn to its sup- porters for the material or monetary re- sources. Any service or product that the government provides, therefore, ultimately' is paid for by the people (that is, the people who work) : Those who receive the benefits but do not support the system constitute "dead weight." In essence, government in such a situation is not a provider, as many falsely believe,, but rather a distributor, who transfers wealth from the worker to the non- worker. The result of our government acting as a "provider" is an ever-increasing problem. At first the productive, working class, com- prising a large majority of the population, could support the minority of non-workers. People, however, easily see in such a system a chance to get something-for-nothing, and being human, begin to use it to their advan- tage. After all, why work when one does not have to? Because the initiative to work and be productive has largely been taken away, the ratio of non-workers to workers is con- tinually Increasing. Add to this growth the non-productive, Inevitable administrative cost in the distribution of funds, and the system is doomed to economic failure. Our government, therefore, acting as the "pro- vider," is in reality bankrupting our country. Our government . protector or pro- vider? As shown, when Its governmental philosophy consisted of protecting the citi- zens' rights and providing the individual with an incentive to work, the. United States prospered greatly. But when the government decided to protect the individual from him- self, providing guaranteed economic security by redistributing wealth, stagnation set In, and our national economy began its present downhill slide. Our government, in a sense, must be both protector and provider: it must provide protection of the citizens' liberty and also protect the providers of our national wealth. But it muttnot,, as it does today, provide economic ; protection for the non- worker, or protect the non-pro rider.from his own laziness. The United States Government is both a protector, and. a. provid&, but, it must administer .,these roles in the proper perspective. ILLEGAL ALIENS AND'THE WELFARE SYSTEM Mr. THURMOND. Mr. President, more and more news reports reveal that all too many illegal immigrants in the United States are not only taking away jobs from American citizens but are also becoming an increasing burden on the welfare system. . Los Angeles County, Calif., has even gone to the extreme of suing the Federal Government for millions in unpaid medical bills for illegal aliens. James Reston of the New York Times, in fact, has called illegal immigration and all of the burdens that it is creating "one of the most complicated human and political problems before the Nation." A recent article by reporter Mary El- son in the Chicago Tribune expresses some of my concerns about the welfare system becoming a haven for illegal aliens. Mr. President, in order to share this excellent journalistic piece with my col- leagues, I ask unanimous consent that this article appear at this point in the RECORD. There being no objection; the article was ordered to be printed in the RECORD, as follows: [From the Chicago Tribune, Apr. 12, 19811 "WELFARE SYSTEM A HAVEN FOR ILLEGAL ALIENS" Federal and state officials are aiding a growing number of illegal Mexican aliens to become part of the United States govern- ment welfare system, openly thwarting at- tempts by immigration officials to identify and deport the aliens. Illinois Department of Public Aid officials say they routinely permit illegal aliens to receive Public Aid Grants for their children born in the U.S.. because the children qual- ify as citizens for the payments. The officials say they do not report the il- legal aliens to the U.S. Immigration Service because privacy regulations prohibit dis- closure of information about welfare appli- cants. The result is that an increasing number of Illegal aliens are able to remain in the U.S. without working, surviving solely on income from the U.S. government, immigration offi- cials say. "It's something they've . (illegal aliens) recently tumbled onto," said Ted Georgetti, an. Immigration Service Investigator in Chi- cago. "The longer they're here, the more knowledge and sophistication they get about how the system, operates. They. come orig.. finally to work. But they certainly find out 'they needn't really work to make ends meet. "They certainly have no compunction about going on the federal dole." Public Aid documents reveal that case- workers plainly describe applicants as "ille- gal aliens" on forms that include the names, addresses, and phone numbers of the aliens. Laurel Loughnane, a spokesman for the Illinois Department, of Public Aid, acknowl- edged that illegal, alien "guarantees" are a source of discussion in the. department. But she said. "We can't.report them to Immigra- tion. It's the law. We follow the law. " S 6435 Cook County hospital officials keep records of the number of illegal aliens treated at the financially troubled institution, and hospital. personnel privately say that the responsi-. bility for taking care of. the illegal immi- grants is one reason, for the-hospital's eco- noinio woes. Asked why the hospital. did not report the aliens to the Immigration Service, spokes- man Margo Phillips said: "We don't feel it' our responsibility. "There are more coming to the door. What do we do? We can't turn them away. But we're stuck with the bill." During February, Phillips said, records show that the hospital treated 112 illegal aliens. Of those, only .six were, able to pay all or part of the bill. Phillips said, however; that the number of Illegal aliens treated probably is even larger because the aliens frequently are able to obtain fraudulent So- cial Security cards and pass as U.S. citizens. She said the hospital treats 1,300 to 1,400 patients a day. Georgetti said there is no way to tell how many illegal aliens are benefitting through their children from welfare grants. But he said there are "hundreds of thousands" of Illegal aliens in the Chicago area, and that "they're certainly becoming a bigger part (of the welfare system) as the knowledge be- not wish-to be identified, said about 10 per cent of each worker's 200-plus cases In her office involved illegal aliens and that In the last six months the numbers have increased dramatically. "Now that word is out, you'd think you were in some town in rural Mexico.when you walk Into our office," the caseworker said. "They tell all their friends back In Mexico, and they say, 'By God, those Americans are even crazier than we thought.' " Last week, the public aid department re- ported that the number, of public aid cases in Illinois-more than one million-is at the highest level since the Depression. President Reagan last week also called for a data bank on welfare recipients that would make now- private case Information available to fed- eral and state agencies. Reagan asserts that the system would reduce fraud, abuse, and waste. Maria (a psuedonym), an illegal alien who was Interviewed by The Tribune in her West Side home, is a typical case. The 23-year-old woman came to Chicago two years ago. She said her husband already had moved here but deserted her shortly after she joined him. Like an Increasing number of the women, she was pregnant when she arrived. She had her baby, now 2 years old, at Cook County Hospital at taxpayers' expense. The hospital sent her a bill for $120, but she said she did not pay it. After the baby was born, she went to -a Public Aid Office, where she applied for and was granted food stamps and $79 a month for the baby under Aid to Families with Dependent Children. She was designated as the "grantee" on a Public Aid form. Next to the blank for "Social Security number," the caseworker had written: "None." Another part of the form lists the names of three persons living with her, with the word "Illegal" after each name. Another routine notation by the case- worker stated: "RPY (Represenative Payee-or grantee) is illegal alien--speaks no English." Asked if she had any fear of identifying herself to Public Aid officials as Illegal, she said, "No, a friend of mine (also illegal) was already on Public Aid, and she took me and said there would be no problem." In January, about eO0,000 persons in Illinois were receiving AFDC grants totaling nearly $68 million a year. Maria. now, lives with three young male Illegal aliens In a four-room apartment that Approved For Release 2008/10/23: CIA-RDP85-00003R000100010002-4 W. 4 Approved For Release 2008/10/23: CIA-RDP85-00003R000100010002-4 June 18, 1981 . CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- SIENAT2 c. Functions of the Attorney General: The functions and duties of the Attorney General under these guidelines may be ex- ercised by the Deputy Attorney General, Associate Attorney General, or an appropri- ate Assistant Attorney General. However, the exercise of these functions and authorities by an official other than the Attorney General 3. Initiating or Declining Prosecution: a. Determination of the propriety of initi- ating or declining prosecution: Where, in the judgment of the Attorney General, it appears that the prosecution of a violation of federal law may result in the disclosure of classified information, the At- torney General shall determine whether the potential damage to the national security that might result from such disclosure out- weighs other federal interests that would be served by the prosecution of the offense. If it is determined, after review of all relevant factors, that the potential damage to na- tional security interests posed in prosecuting such a case outweighs other federal interests in proceeding with prosecution, prosecution of the offense may be declined. In making this determination, the Attor- ney General shall assess all relevant infor- mation and evidence, consult with and seek the advice of the appropriate interested de- partments and agencies, and, whenever ap- propriate, fully utilize the procedures set out in the Classified Information Procedures Act of 1980 in order to assess more accurately' the probability that classified information would be disclosed if the case were prose- cuted, and the likely nature and extent of such disclose. b. Factors bearing on the decision to initi- ate or decline prosecution: In rendering a decision whether to prose- cute a violation of federal.law where there is a possibility that classified information may be revealed, the following factors, among others, should be considered: (1) The likelihood that classified infor- iation will be revealed if the case is prose- 1 this issue should be weighed, including: (a) whether it will be necessary for the government to reveal classified information publicly in order to establish an element of the offense; (b) whether the introduction of classi- fied information will be sought by the de- fendant as a means of establishing a defense; (c) whether the government will be re- quired to disclose classified information to the defendant under the Brady doctrine, the Jencks Act, or in fulfillment of due process or other requirements; (d) the likelihood that, under the proce- dures of the Classified Information Proce- dures Act, classified information sought to be disclosed publicly by the defendant would be found to be inadmissible, or the govern- ment would be permitted to use a substitute for the disclosure of specific classified In- formation; (e) the number and nature of persons to whom disclosure of classified information may be necessary, and the nature and extent of protective measures that may be available to prevent disclosure beyond authorized rec- ipients; and (f) whether the government's refusal to permit disclosure of classified information would result in dismissal of the indictment or a lesser sanction. (2) The damage to the national security that might result if the classified informa- tion is revealed. All relevant considerations bearing on this issue should be weighed, including: (a) the nature and extent of anticipated harm to the foreign relations or national defense of the United States; (b) the level of classification and sensi- tivity of the information at issue; (c) the extent of any previous unauthor- ized disclosure of the information; (d) the likelihood that disclosure of classi- fied information in the course of the prose- cution would confirm the accuracy of classi- fied information previously unsubstantiated; and (e) the likelihood that disclosure would adversely affect future cooperation with in- dividuals. organizations, or governments in obtaining classified or other confidential in- formation. (3) The likelihood that the government would prevail if the case were prosecuted. As in all Federal prosecutions in any case where proceeding with prosecution may result in disclosure of classified information the like- lihood of a successful prosecution based on the available evidence should be established. (4) The nature and importance of other federal interests that would be served by prosecution. Although an assessment of the federal interests that would be served by prosecution is a consideration in the decision to prosecute any case, where proceeding with prosecution may result in the disclosure of classified information that would create a risk of damage to the national security, all relevant considerations bearing on this issue should be carefully weighed, including: (a) the seriousness of the offense charged; (b) the extent of the prospective defend- ant's involvement in the commission of the offense; (c) the likely sentence that would be im- posed if conviction were obtained; (d) the likely deterrent effect of convic- tion; and (e) the availability of adequate non- criminal alternatives to prosecution. 4. Reservation: a. Relation to the authority of the Attor- ney General: Nothing in these guidelines shall be con- strued to limit the authorities or respon- sibilities of the Attorney General under the Constitution or laws of the United States. b. Non-litigability: The guidelines set forth herein are solely for the purpose of internal Department of Justice guidance. They are not intended to, do not, and may not be relied upon to create a right or benefit, substantive or procedural, enforceable at law by any party to any mat- ter, civil or criminal. 5. Term and Effective Date: These guidelines shall become effective on June 10, 1981, and shall remain in effect until modified in writing by the Attorney General. Issued this 10th day of June, 1981. WILLIAM FRENCH SMITH, Attorney General. WARREN RICHARDSON Mr. HATFIELD. Mr. President, there fs a growing concern in this Chamber about the methods and tactics used when we, or the general public, are feeling antipathy toward a Presidential nomi- nee. One of the objectives of every Presi- dent is to select talented people to help him carry out the mission of the execu- tive branch. Innate ability, complemen- tary experiential background, and im- peccable character are all important in- gredients one hopes to find in people selected for high-level Government posts. It matters not that we may be,for or against a particular nominee, for hope- fully objective reasons, that we should be concerned about the unfortunate treatment that several recent nominees have received. 8 6437 What'we have perceived in the media and sensed in the behind the scenes rumor mill have not aided us or the American people in coming to just con- clusions on these nominees. I trust that commenting about it today will at least have some ameliorating effect as we will soon have before us again controversial nominees. Once more, I want to assert that it does not matter whether we are for or against particular nominees that this issue should be raised. But rather that we should be'concerned that possibly a few less-than-principled people have prevailed and could again, in short- circuiting the objective analysis of can- didates' qualifications. For my own part, it is my conviction that I should support the President in his nominations unless there is a com- pelling reason not to. In that light I sup- ported Mr. Warren Richardson for the post of Assistant Secretary of Legislation at Health and- Human Services, and I was prepared t o vote against Ernest Lefever as th Assistant Secretary for Human Rights at the State Department. But notwithstanding my position on these nominations, my concern grew through the process of each man's con- sideration that facts were put aside for fiction to the detriment of society. In Mr. Richardson's case it is my belief that the Government has lost a fine man and effective public servant. I wrote to him recently to extend empathetic sup- port and to ask for a "thorough debrief- ing" from his perspective, with the belief that his insights gained through his dif- ficult experience would be helpful to the Senate. I was not disappointed. His response not only addresses candidly, and with thorough documentation, his own treat- ment in being wrongly charged with anti-Semitism, but also explores the dangers of using McCarthy-era guilt by association and the difficulties of having stories like his handled factually in the press. I commend his letter and its at- tachments to your study. Mr. President, I ask unanimous con- sent that Mr. Richardson's letter and the copies of correspondence to him be entered into the RECORD. There being no objection, the material was ordered to be printed in the RECORD, as follows: WASHINGTON, D.C., June 15, 1981. Hon. MARK HATFIELD, U.S. Senate, Washington, D.C. DEAR SENATOR HATFIELD: Thank you for sending me a copy of the booklet, "For Those Who Hurt." It was very thoughtful of you and helpful to me. In your letter of June 9, 1981, you ask if it is possible to provide you with a "thorough debriefing" from my per- spective of the "unfortunate treatment" I received as a nom4neeJor an assistant secre- tary position. At your suggestion, I am pleased to set forth an account of the recent ordeal in- volving the withdrawal of my name from consideration by the President for nomina- tion to the position of Assistant Secretary for Legislation at the_ Department of Health and Human Services (HHS). This account will deal with three major aspects of the con- troversy: the political battle, the battle of personal integrity, and McCarthyism. Approved For Release 2008/10/23: CIA-RDP85-00003R000100010002-4 S6438 Approved For Release 2008/10/23: CIA-RDP85-00003R000100010002-4 l -t~43 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE June 18, 1981 At the outset, let me state clearly that Had there been no press 'statements until I have no personal animosity towards the after he arrived at his office on April 20, and cast of characters who played out their parts had we met with Jewish leaders about their in this drama on thy steps of life. concerns, the opponents' critical timing THE POLITICAL BATTLE sequence would have been ruined. The synopsis of events began on Tuesday, On Friday, ' April 24, the White House. April 14, when a local official of the Anti- made its formal announcement that the Defamation League of B'nai B'rith called President would address Congress the next Mr. David Newhall, who now holds the title Tuesday, April 28. That same Friday after- of Chief of Staff at HHS, and informed him noon it became clear that there was no evi- that the League would oppose my proposed dence to support the charge of anti-semit- nomination. Upon being informed of this ism, and it was equally clear that the liberal development late that afternoon, I tried to establishment timing sequence was on locate former Senator Richard Stone. The course, thus allowing them to ride the issue next day I talked to him in London. England, into a filibuster in order to embarrass the and he called the Anti-Defamation League, President. Their ploy was checkmated when asking them to postpone publicizing this I withdrew my name from consideration. matter until after he returned to the United My decision was made without any pres- States on Saturday, April 18, and we could sure from the Secretary or the President, talk with the individuals concerned. There both of whom had been extremely sup- was apparent agreement to proceed in that portive. fashion. One of my colleagues at HHS commented 'Unfortunately, a Member of Congress is- afterward on the irony of the situation. He sued a press release on the subject, and it pointed out that I had been employed, in became a topic of newspaper reports on Fri- large measure, because of my ability to day, April 17. More stories appeared in sub- understand political situations and to arrive sequent. days. The allegation was put forth at sound political judgments. In exercising that I am anti-Semitic, hence not qualified these abilities, I removed myself from the Islatlon at HHlis. The following week, begin- ning Monday, April 20, the intensity of the press campaign increased. I wrote an apology for whatever misunderstanding may have arisen over any of 'my actions. I also visited with the Washington chiefs of two well- known Jewish organizations. A United States Senator informed the Secretary that he was going to lead a filibuster to try to stop my confirmation if the nomination reached the floor. By mid-week it became. clear that the war was being fought on two levels. Level one was an attack on my character, i.e., the charge of anti-Semitism. Level two was po- litical, i.e., the liberal establishment tele- graphing its desire to battle the Reagan administration over my appointment. The growing importance of the political battle also became very clear because of three events: 1. A leader of one Jewish organization as- sured me that this affair was "nothing per- sonal." 2. Letters from Americans of Jewish de- scent who have known me for at least 25 years declared, and explained, that I am not anti-Semitic. These were ignored by Jewish leaders and the press. 3. A Jewish friend of mine called to ex- plain that this was a liberal scheme to em- barrass the Reagan Administration. There is yet another reason why it be- came apparent that the battle was now es- sentially political in nature. Nothing ever just happens in politics-it is planned. Timing is one of the key factors in political wars, just as it is in bullet wars. The whole offensive against me was timed-to reach a crescendo when President Reagan appeared before the joint session of Congress to bring them, and a nationwide TV audience, his very important message about the economic recovery program. There is independent verification that the whole attack was timed and not spontaneous. As noted above, Tuesday, April 14, 1981, was the date the Department was notified that my appointment would be opposed. Six days prior thereto, namely, April 8, a political ob- server in Washington with excellent connec- tions called to tell me that a decision had already been made to oppose my nomination in order to attack the Reagan Administra- tion. Why the delay? Timing, of course. It was not until the week beginning Mon- day, April 13, that it became generally known that President Reagan would address the nation when Congress returned from its Easter recess. The timing pattern was almost upset by the phone call from Senator Stone. winners and losers. I was a loser in this one. From a political perspective only, I must say that the liberal establishment planned and executed its battle well. But there will be other battles, other winners and other losers. THE BATTLE OF PERSONAL INTEGRITY American political history is replete with examples of mudslinging, name-calling, and other assorted political dirty tricks. Like- wise, the victims of such battles litter .the pages of history. My case is no different from the others. All of us have a duty to be grace- ful losers in the political battle, but none of us is under an obligation to allow false al- legations relative to our personal life to go unanswered. ' In terms of the battle over my personal integrity, I was exonerated. In his statement accepting my request to withdraw my name, Secretary Schweiker said: "A careful review produced no Convincing evidence that Warren Richardson lb or ever was anti-Semitic or racist." His conclusion was based upon personal knowledge and upon the letters which were sent to the Department In my behalf. These letters came about because many friends called to offer help. They either read or heard about the headline, "Charges of Anti-Semitism Peril Nomination for Key HHS Post," which appeared in the first story car- ried by the Washington Post on April 17. Most of them were outraged over the untrue characterization of me since all have known me to be non-anti-Semitic. Fortunately, two of the people who offered to help are American citizens of Jewish descent. One of these individuals is Mr. Al- bert A. Rapoport, who wrote, in part: "I am an American of the Jewish faith In . v, "T' U.. 1.~uurrrmuon Derween them. the past, I have been a member of B'nai Ti-no se private conversations took place long B'rith, B'rith Sholom, and the Jewish War before he had any thought of returning to Veterans. Because of my background, educa- government service. They have ranged over tion and practice as a lawyer for over 27 all economic, political and geopolitical issues. years, I feel well-qualified to judge whether "Never in that time can I recall a single a person is anti-Semitic or not. Anti-Semi- statement or reference that might reason- tism is a condition of a person's character. ably be construed as anti-Semitic. I can It cannot be imputed. It either exists, or it vouch for the fact that Warren's view of the doesn't exist." world is not antagonistic toward Jews or any "Warred is not anti-Semitic in any way, other ethnic group." shape or form. This judgment is based on The next attached letter is from Mr. Bruce the many years I have known him as a friend, Klein who knows me socially through his as- and to be a sensitive human being. We met sociation with my wife in their place of in September of 1951, at law school in Wash- employment. He, too, states that I am not ington, D.C. Warren and I went to classes anti-Semitic. together, studied together, and endured the Mr. Svend Petersen, from Florida, writes: trauma of studying for and taking the bar "At no time did I hear Mr. Richardson examination together. We socialized at par- utter a remark that could be even remote- ties and family gatherings. During all of ly construed as anti-Semitic. In fact, it Approved For Release 2008/10/23: CIA-RDP85-00003R000100010002-4 these years, I have never heard Warren utter an anti-Semitic remark; tell a racist story of any kind; or speak unfeelingly of a per- son, because of his race, religion, or national origin. You can understand my sense of out- rage at seeing groundless allegations that Warren is anti-Semitic. The only obvious thing to be gleaned from these Post articles is that Warren is being used as a polit football for the selfish interests of oth regardless of consequences to a really decen human being, and his family. Is it any won- der that we have difficulty in getting the best people for government service when they have to bear unfounded slings and arrows?" In short, Mr. Rapoport says that I'm not anti-Semitic. The second citizen of Jewish descent is Mr. Irwin Richman. He states' "At the outset, I would stress that as a Jew, I have known anti-Semites and ex- perienced their hatred first hand. I have known Warren Richardson for over 28 years (since December 1955) and state that Warren Richardson has never by word or deed shown or expressed anti-Semitism. On the contrary, Warren Richardson is one of the most fair- minded, objective persons I have known." Again, I am not anti-Semitic. Copies of both letters are attached. Also attached are copies of other letters which were received. Mr. and Mrs. George Hewitt, who have known us for over thirty years and come from "mixed heritage and religious backgrounds," say that the allega- tion of anti-Semitism is "the most unfor- tunate, false, and unfounded accusation and abuse of our freedoms that I have ever known." Two people, Congressman Gene Snyder and Mr. William E. Pursley, Jr., were lobbied by me when I was employed at Lib- erty Lobby, and they both testify, in effect, that I was not then, and am not now, anti- Semitic. The next three people-Hubert Beatty, James D. McClary, and R. M. Chastain-all worked with me at the Associated General Contractors (AGC) from 1973 to 1977, after I had left Liberty Lobby, and testify as to my competency as a lobbyist. Mr. Charles T. Carroll, Jr., worked wit me at AGC on a daily basis for almost You years. His testimony is that "not once" dur- ing that period did I ever express any thought that could be viewed as anti-Semitic. During the past eight years I have worked as a lobby- ist with a great many people. Four of them- Argyll Campbell, Hal Coxson, John S. Bush, Jr., and F. Patricia Callahan-spent many, many hours with me. All of them testify, in effect, that I am not anti-Semitic. Another business friend is Mr. Kenneth C. 0. Hagerty, Vice-President of the American Electronics Association (AEA). AEA was a client to my firm when I was in business for myself from 1977 to 1981. Mr. Hagerty states: "What I'can speak to that you may not know are Warren's philosophic and religious views. He and I have had numerous extended conversations over the years on religion, poll- Approved For Release 2008/10/23: CIA-RDP85-00003R000100010002-4 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD -SENATE April 8, 1981 The result was announced-Yeas .66, nays 27, as follows: [Rollcall Vote No. 80 Leg.] YEAS-66 r Goldwater MiMeloher tchell wa Gorey Murlcowski Baker Hatch Nickles Bentsen Hatfield Nunin Boren Hayakawa Percy BoscbW1tz Heflin Pressler Burdick Hems Ruadi ran By ye ' Schmitt Harry F., Jr. Humphrey Simpson Cannon J Cochran John Specter Stafford Cohen Johnston Stennis D'Amato Kassebaum Stevens Danforth Kasten Symms i DeConcin Ley Thurmond Denton Tower Domenflct Lugar Tsongas East Wallop Mathias Warner Ford Mattingly Weicker Gann Baucus EXOn Poll Biden Hart Proxmire Bumpers Hollings Pryor Byrd, Robert C. Inouye Randolph Chafes Kepnedy chiles Cranston Eaggleton Matsunaga Sar'banes Metzenbaum Sasser Moynihan Zorinsky NOT VOTING-7 Bradley Hawkins Williams Dixon Huddleston Durenberger Packwood So the motion to lay on the table UP amendment No. 59 was agreed to. Mr. HEINZ. Mr. President, I move to reconsider the vote by which the motion was agreed to. Mr. McCLURE. Mr. President, I move distinguished manager of the bill yield to me so that we may take care of an- other matter? Mr. HEINZ. I yield. Mr. BAKER. Mr. President, I move to reconsider the vote by which the resolu- tion was agreed to. The duties of the security officer include making certain that the area where the documents will be reviewed-for example, the judge's chambers-is secure and that no one who does not have CIA clearance sees hat motion on the table. the information. ! -Ll.. in Ti IIT TM 'AC Mr. Jolliff \1-IIC I11VL1Vil w awJ ?,?? _____ ..--- agreed to. 0 years for the CIA until he left worked ed 10 i 1972 to work for UM as head of security RAYMAIL LEGISLATION: PRO- TECTING NATIONAL SECURITY IN CRIMINAL CASES Mr RInEN. Mr. President, I wa Baltimore Sun that the Justice Depart ment is implementing the so-call graymail legislation for the first time n at the Baltimore campus. In the grand jury indictment, Mr. Jolliff was accused ? of obtaining loans from B. Dixon Evander Associates, Inc., an insurance firm, and from other investors in an alleged scheme in which he purported to solicit funds for secret CIA projects. OIN ADDICTION AND STREET CRIME a case in Baltimore. That case involves a former CIA agent charged with embez- zling $60,000. The former agent's defense is that the CIA authorized the loans for secret CIA projects. Of course the de- fendant intends to use that defense as a pretext for pretrial discovery that will force the Government to disclose classi- fled information and, "graymail" the Government into dismissing the case. The Classified Information Procedures Act which we developed in the Judiciary Comliiittee last year addresses this prob- lem by providing procedures to protect classified information and restrict frivo- lous discovery motions in these kinds of cases. I ask unanimous consent that an article from the April 2 Baltimore Sun describing this case be printed in the RECORD: There being no objection, the article was ordered to be printed in the RECORD, as follows: NEW LAW on CLASSIFIED DASA MAKES DEBUT IN JOLLIPP CASE A federal judge yesterday. appointed a caretaker for secret documents that may be sought by a former CIA employee as evidence in his criminal case, activating for the first time here a new law to guard against public disclosure of classified information. The temporary appointment was made by U.S. District Court Judge Frank A. Kaufman Jr., who is Jolliff of wade A , . SENATE CONCURRENT RESOLUTION in. the case 17-PROVIDING FOR ADJOURN- charged with impersonating a CIA agent*and fraudulently obtaining more than $65 865,,00000 in MENT OF.THE CONGRESS FROM loans for purported CIA "operations" while APRIL 10, 1981, TO APRIL 27, 1981 working as head of-security at the University Mr. BAKER. Mr. President, I send tQ of Maryland's Baltimore campus. Mr. Jolliff, who the FBI. said worked. for the desk a concurrent resolution and ask the CIA until 1972, disputes the charges, unanimous consent for its immediate. -contending that there are CIA records that consideration. will prove he, was actually on assignment The PRESIDING OFFICER. The for the agency while employed at the uni- clerk will state the concurrent resolution. versity's Baltimore campus. The legislative clerk read as follows: However, concerned that Mr. Jolliffowho had access to secret information while work- A concurrent resolution (S. Con. Res. 17) ing for the CIA-may be seeking classified providing for an adjournment of the Con- information, federal prorsecutors have asked gress from April 10, 1981 to April 27, 1981. ? that proceduers outlined in the. Classified Information Procedures Act be followed. . Mr. BAKER. Mr. President, I have con- The law enacted last October, would re- Mr. BIDEN. Mr. President, as ranking minority member of the Senate Judiciary Committee I am continuing to pursue an issue I began addressing 2 years ago as chairman of the Subcommittee on Crim- inal Justice. Two years ago the subcom- mittee began to notice an increase in Southwest Asian heroin in the urban Northeast. I am convinced that heroin addiction is a prime contributor to much of the increasing crime that occurs in this country. This opinion is supported by most streetwise cops and prosecutors, but now we have supportive research which shows the appalling relationship between her- oin addiction and street crime. A study done by Prof. James Inciardi of the University of Delaware showed that 356 active heroin users were: First, responsible for 118,134 crimes in 1 year; Second, over 95 percent reported com- mitting illegal activity in the year period; Third, 90 percent relied on criminal activity as a means of income; and, Fourth, most disturbing, is that only 1 of every 413 crimes committed resulted in an arrest. Additional research completed this past year at the Temple University School of Medicine by Dr. John C. Ball, Dr. Lawrence Rosen, Dr. John A. Flueck, and Dr. David Nurco showed that 243 heroin addicts committed almost 500,000 street crimes in 11 years. Their research also showed that when these addicts were not dependent on her- oin, there was an 84-percent decrease in criminality. These two studies clearly show that if we could ever control heroin addiction or even reduce it, we would see an appre- ciable reduction in criminality. As the new administration begins its war on violent crime it also proposes to cut $5.4 million requested previously by the Drug Enforcement Administration for its Southwest Asian heroin interdic- tion program, elimination of the State and local drug coordination program, $5.9 million cut for the Federal, State, and local task force programs, and budget cuts to the State Department's international narcotic management pro- gram that suipports crop substitution overseas. In the treatment area, there will be major cuts in treatment slots and prompted Mr. Julio Martinez of the New York State Division of Substance Abuse Servides to say in. the New York Times on March 9, 1981': ferred with the distinguished minority quire Mr. Jolliff to disclose in writing what leader. I believe he is agreeable to dis- material he is seeking and to prove the posing of this matter at this time, and I relevance to his case of any secret material hope that the Senate can dispose of this he may request. The law also requires the resolution so we can send it to the other appointment of a court security officer to body at this time. protect any classified documents. The concurrent resolution (S. Con. Judge Kaufman temporarily assigned Mary Schwartz, a member of the Security Res. 17) was considered and agreed to as Programs staff of the U.S. attorney's office, follows: to that duty so the case could proceed in Resolved by the Senate (the House of Rep- time for the April 21 trial. A permanent resentatives concurring), That when the two caretaker will be appointed some time next - _- _ didn tes provided hv- f . n st o Approved For Release 2008/10/23: CIA-RDP85-00003R000100010002-4 Approved For Release 2008/10/23: CIA-RDP85-00003R000100010002-4 April 8, 1981 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE S 3641 of this issue so that we can look at im- I think the administration certainly same. However, I reserve my right to proving our Nation's energy supplies, should get the very clear message that join with the Senator from Nebraska in particularly in gas. amending the Natural Gas Policy Act the future were there to be an attem Finally, we have to ask ourselves, is would not be an easy task. We want pt trading bill which it hopes to amend? I would join the ranks of those who what Cindeeds wet are addressing Clearly it is not germane. It is rather an. would tally a long +: ,. -1 1-1 m or early end to the debate on natural gas sort of extended debate, yregarding any vaniahank the Senator from Pennsyl- before it even begins. decontrol bill. Mr. HEINZ. Mr. President, I ask unan- So I hope my colleagues will be more Finally, Mr. President, this resolution imous consent that the Senator from deliberative on this emotional issue and does not provide the proper forum, or Nebraska (Mr. ExON) be yielded 2 min- reject this amendment of my good friend afford us time for adequate preparation utes without my losing my right to the from Nebraska. to discuss the hundreds of issues we floor during the pendency of the motion I thank the distinguished Senator. would need to discuss in connection with to table. The PRESIDING OFFICER. The ques- such an important debate. tion is on agreeing to the motion to table. I will, therefore, support the tabling objection? The hairOears none, and it Mr. HEINZ. Mr. President, I ask motion. I want to make it clear why I is so ordered. The Senator from Ne- unanimous consent that the Senator am supporting it. I must state categori- braska is recognized. from Washington (Mr. JACKSON) be rec- cally that I do not oppose the substance Mr. FXON. I thank the Chair, and ognized for not to exceed 5 minutes dur- of the amendment, but I indeed oppose I thank my friend from Pennsylvania. I ing the pendency of the motion. to table. the procedure here which I do not think also wish to thank the wide range of sup- The PRESIDING OFFICER. Is there gives the consumers, the producers, and port I am receiving from my colleagues objection to the Senator from Washing- the public interest as a whole an oppor- on the floor for what I am trying to do, ton proceeding for 5 minutes notwith- tunity to be heard, to properly ventilate but not now. standing the pendency of a motion to all of the matters that are relevant and It brings to mind the old story that table? No objection being heard, the pertinent to this matter. Senator from Washington is recognized The PRESIDING OFFICER. The ques- I in am am g to all ive the church because buI t I not not for 5 minutes. tion is on agreeing to the motion to able. the location. The fact of the matter is Mr. JACKSON. Mr. President, I thank The yeas and nays have been ordered- I do not want the new church in the the senior Senator from Pennsylvania. Mr. HEINZ. Mr. President, I ask unan- first place. I just learned of this amendment a few imous consent that during the pendency I am amazed to hear on the floor minutes ago. I believe the timing of the of the motion to table I may yield first 2 some of the people who conceded they amendment and the procedure here are minutes to the Senator from Massachu- put together the Natural Gas Policy Act not wise. As the major author of the setts (Mr. TSONGAS). amendments to the original Natural Gas The PRESIDING OFFICER. Is there- with 1978 saying we should not tamper Act of 1937, I must speak my mind. objection? The Chair hears none, and Mr. President, this sense-of-the-Sen- Mr. President, may I say that I agree it is so ordered. The Senator from Mas- ate resolution does not tamper with it wholeheartedly with the substance of sachusetts is recognized for 2 minutes. at all. It says it was a good act and the Pending amendment. I want to re- Mr. TSONGAS. Mr. President, this it says we should continue that. That port, as we all know I am sure, that the amendment presents a dilemma for those is all it says. Natural Gas Policy Act is indeed work- of us who are from the Northeast and Let me read it again: ing. There are more rigs out drilling for whose States are reasonably dependent It is the sense of the senate that gas now than at any time in history. We upon natural gas. had a net increase in domestic natural But I share the view of the Senator schedule of the phased decontrol of natura gas production last year. for the first from Washington, that it is gas prices embodied in the Natural Gas premature icy Act of 1978 continues to sound public time, Mr. President, in years blic li t , cy which should not be altered. o bring the issue Up like this without po However, I must disagree with pur- serious debate and consideration. I think I am patting them on the back for suing this amendment at this time, and it does not do justice to the complexity the good job they did, and they objected I emphasize "at this time." The chair- of the issue. man of the Energy Committee, Mr. for reasons-unless they are indeed in- MCCLURE, has urged the administration I happen to support decontrol in prin- measur to change that well-thought-out pursue legislation;for decontrol at ciple for the obvious reason that energy measure that not to they enacted in 1978. his time pu. su may I point ou co rol t ought to be priced at its replacement cost I urge my colleagues to vote against So, , Mr. presi dent, Has the chairman of the in order to assure efficient use and suffi- the tabling motion. House Energy and Commerce Committee, Mr, cient development of energy. But the I thank my friend from Pennsylvania. EnergyLa And, if I may add, I Committee, share specific question of natural gas decontrol question The PRESIDING OFFICER. The is on Enethe DINGELL? the chairmen of the Senate depends on a great deal of information of the Senator agreeing to the Pennsylvania motion the House committees. not yet available regarding the competi- la the Senable from ON's amendment I think are all in athat tiveness of natural gas markets, projected lay on the table Mr. Ex amendment act the hi is working yin agreement gree well. It supply response, availability of substi- (~' a y. s and not be pkrnect, but it is indeed tutes, adequacy of programs to protect The ea and nays have been ordered, achieving the purpose for which tin le the poor, and interregional transfers of and the clerk will call the roll. illation was intended. It is my view,. Mr. wealth. I think that faced with an at- The assistant legislative clerk called President, that 'tampering tempt by the President to deregulate the roll. STEVEN uncertainty, it willl natural gas suddenly, I would join with Mr. r from S. I announce that the create nt a (M s. crest wu nt need. and that is the Senator from Washington in the ex- Senator from Minnesota (Mr. thing Now is not the proper time, nor is this tended die debate Natural Gas se efforts s to But HAWK) ,INS) the the Senator nfrom r Florida (Mon vehicle, to pursue this I AWK, and essa the heed our proper not If the administration chooseoissue. t to ing think pain issue today is the export trod- (Mr' absent. Senator CPACK RA from IllinM T are e neccessarilly y Oregon from IlliON. n I a Kentucky ((Mr. Di that the cdminiv advice and sends to The likelihood is. that the President Mr Senator RA from ,the h bill I want tc say right herd and now will not seek 'to deregulate murai ois y (Mr. HUDDLE- that I will oppose y. I h her mean just wilnot The chairman of the ral New Jersey ordinary opposition gas (M STON) . , and Aenator from New Jersey mmitt gk (Mr. WILLIAMS) are necessarily abs ent. said he d deeply out this subject uI believe that heat wille t kesplace either. I think h on from New Jersey (Mr further announce that the Senator ator our collective efforts reached an equitable the merits I agree with the Senator from on official business. . Is result. We were able to achieve a bi- Nebraska but given the issue of time and Partisan DN PRESIDING BOFFICER )absent partisan compromise. Our differences of place rather than substance, I will vote ABOR) Are there any other (M- M^ opinion were fought out and resolved, to table and urge my colleagues to do the in the Chamber desiring to vote? Senat~ Approved For Release 2008/10/23: CIA-RDP85-00003R000100010002-4