SA-10 SAM DEPLOYMENT, USSR

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: NGA Records (Formerly NIMA)
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP84T00171R000300490001-6
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: T
• Document Page Count: 13
• Document Creation Date: December 28, 2016
• Document Release Date: January 19, 2012
• Sequence Number: 1
• Publication Date: November 1, 1983
• Content Type: REPORT

Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/01/19: CIA-RDP84TO0171 R000300490001-6
basic imagery interpretation report
SA-10 SAM Deployment, USSR (S)
DEPLOYED SAM FACILITIES
BE: Various
USSR
Top
25X1
RCA-04/0001/83 25X1
NOVEMBER 1983
Copy 3
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/01/19: CIA-RDP84TO0171 R000300490001-6
 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/01/19: CIA-RDP84TO0171 R000300490001-6
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/01/19: CIA-RDP84TO0171 R000300490001-6
 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/01/19: CIA-RDP84TO0171 R000300490001-6
Top Secret RUFF
ABSTRACT
1. This report consolidates imagery-derived intelligence on the Soviet SA-10 surface-to-air
missile (SAM) system acquired since The report includes information on the
rate of SA-10 site construction and deployment, the calibration and testing of SA-10 components,
and the use of camouflage, concealment, and deception (CC&D) efforts in the SA-10 program.
This program has grown by 12 new sites to a total of 66, and it IS evident that production rates for
SA-10 launchers have increased. (S/WN)
INTRODUCTION
3. The removal of three SA-10 transporter-erector-launchers (TELs) and a mobile FLAP LID
radar from Sary-Shagan Missile Test Center (MTC) Launch Complex G indicates
the probable beginning of field trials for the mobile version of the SA-10. The presence of a TIN
SHIELD radar at Launch Complex G suggests that this radar is undergoing system integration
testing for possible incorporation with the SA-10 system. Construction of new instrumentation
sites at Launch Complex G tracking and guidance facilities may be related to improving SA-10
missile performance. (S/WN)
(S/WN)
2. Since September 1982, the cutoff date for the most recent NPIC basic report on the SA-10
SAM system,' 12 new SA-10 sites have been identified in the Soviet Union, bringing the known
total to 66. Eleven sites previously identified but unoccupied have received SA-10 equipment
during this period. The construction of BIG BIRD radar sites around Moscow continued, with six
sites now identified and construction for an additional five under way. The rapid rate of deploy-
ment at Moscow and the increased flow of SA-10 equipment through the Kapustin Yar Marshall-
ing Area (KYMA; suggests an increased production rate for the SA-10 launcher.
25X1
25X1
li
25X1
5. This report contains two maps, three tables, and eight annotated photographs. (S/WN)
BASIC DESCRIPTION
6. The SA-10 is the newest Soviet strate-
gic SAM system. It is assessed to be a medium-
range, all-altitude system capable of tracking
and engaging multiple targets simultaneously.
The major SA-10 components currently being
deployed include a canister-launched missile,
a towed launcher designed to hold four mis-
sile canisters, a CLAM SHELL low-altitude tar-
get acquisition radar, a FLAP LID target en-
gagement radar, and a BIG BIRD long-range
acquisition radar. (S/WN)
7. The SA-10 missile system was devel-
oped at Sary-Shagan MTC Launch Complex G,
where SA-10 components were first identified
in 1973. Missile flight tests were underway by
1975. Troop training began in 1979 at Sary-
Shagan MTC Launch Complex E
and in July 1980 the first deployment of
the SA-10 was identified at Moscow. (S/WN)
8. Since 1981, the Soviets have been de-
veloping a mobile version of the SA-10 at
Launch Complex G consisting of an SA-10
transporter-erector-launcher (TEL) and a FLAP
LID radar mounted on a self-propelled MAZ-
type vehicle. These modifications will improve
the mobility and reduce the relocation time of
25X1
25X1
-1-
Top Secret
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/01/19: CIA-RDP84TO0171 R000300490001-6
 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/01/19: CIA-RDP84TO0171 R000300490001-6
Top Secret RUFF
deployed SA-10 firing units. Deployment of
the mobile version of the SA-10 is not ex-
pected before 1985.
9. The TIN SHIELD, a 3-dimensional tar-
get acquisition radar, has been present at
Launch Complex G since August 1982 and may
be undergoing system integration with the SA-
10. (S/WN)
Site Construction and
Deployment
10. A total of 66 deployed SA-10 sites
have been identified to date at eight places in
the Soviet Union (Figure 1 and Table 1); 42
have received equipment, and 24 are under
construction or awaiting equipment. Twelve
sites, all in the Moscow area, are new since
t 0 UyIflD KINGDOM
tTD 'N (; R W A
~el eKAL ,pchL .~+~.~
Krl Leua clr - SWEDEN
r +,. NLAND
~ ' KAUNINGRAD ~'
N
L
z
P
V ,
~ RIGA
21-
NIKOLAYEV
September 1982 (Figure 2) and except for two
scratch-built sites, are collocated with SA-1
sites. Moscow has been the focus of all recent
SA-10 deployment, and it will probably remain
so until all the E-ring sites have been com-
pleted. Once the SA-10 deployment at Mos-
cow is complete (probably mid-to-late 1984),
the Soviets will most likely resume deployment
in other areas where site construction is under
way but has been proceeding slowly. (S/WN)
11. The recent deployment rate at Mos-
cow suggests an increase in the production of
SA-10 launchers. Gorki Armaments Plant No-
voye Stalin 92 has produced
SA-10 launchers since at least August 1977,
nearly three years before the first SA-10 de-
ployment. An estimated production rate of
seven launchers per month allowed the Sovi-
SA-10 DEPLOYMENT AREA
Top Secret
SVERDLOVSK yJ
Olin ^ VnF+VM1Y ~~
q
" NOVOSIBIRSK
NPIC T?7429
'25X1
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/01/19: CIA-RDP84TO0171 R000300490001-6
 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/01/19: CIA-RDP84TO0171 R000300490001-6
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/01/19: CIA-RDP84TO0171 R000300490001-6
 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/01/19: CIA-RDP84TO0171 R000300490001-6
Top Secret RUFF
time 12 launchers (a firing unit) and one FLAP
LID radar are transferred from the storage area
to the calibration position (Figure 5). The
equipment remains in place approximately six
to eight months while being calibrated. Near
the end of this procedure, several of the unit's
launchers are normally removed and taken to
Ka ustin Yar SAM R&D Area D
where launch crews practice setting up
the equipment and may actually fire missiles,
though missile canisters themselves are rarely
seen at Area D. (S/WN)
15. The SA-10 equipment remains at
Area D for about three weeks and then is
returned to its original calibration position for
final checkout. When all checkout and calibra-
tion is complete, the equipment departs as a
unit from the Marshalling Area RTP for de-
ployment (Figure 6). Between September 1982
and July 1983, at least eight SA-10 units com-
pleted calibration and were shipped from
KYMTC, generally corresponding with SA-10
deployment at Moscow during the same peri-
od. (S/WN)
System Improvements
16. Mobility. Since 1981, the Soviets have
been developing an SA-10 TEL and a mobile
FLAP LID radar at Sary-Shagan Launch Com-
plex G (Figure 7) for improved mobility. Both
employ a self-propelled MAZ-type vehicle.
Field trials for this mobile SA-10 system may
have begun between
when both the TEL and the mobile FLAP LID
were removed from Complex G, (although no
field training sites have been identified). OnE
an SA-10 TEL was observed in transit
near Complex G (Figure 8). The TEL was fitted
with a probable electronics box behind the
cab but was not carrying any missile canisters.
By Da TEL and two mobile FLAP
LIDs had returned to Complex G. To date, no
SA-10 TELs or mobile FLAP LIDs have been
identified at any SAM training facility or at the
KYMA. Since it is likely that the self-propelled
Top Secret
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/01/19: CIA-RDP84TO0171 R000300490001-6
TEL and FLAP LID vehicles would undergo the
same lengthy calibration procedure as the
towed versions, it seems unlikely that mobile
SA-10 equipment will be ready for deployment
before 1985. (S/WN)
17. Though the production facility for
the TEL and mobile FLAP LID has not been
firmly identified, it is probable that the pre-
production versions are being assembled at
Gorkiy Plant 92 and that Plant 92 may be the
intended series production plant. This plant
assembles the towed SA-10 launcher and the
FLAP LID radar. Self-propelled MAZ-type vehi-
cles like those used for the SA-10 TEL and
mobile radar have been observed in the same
storage yard as the towed SA-10 equipment.
(S/W N)
18. Radar. Another possible improve-
ment to the SA-10 system may be the incorpo-
ration of the TIN SHIELD radar. The TIN
SHIELD is a new, Soviet, three-dimensional
acquisition/air warning radar that has been at
Sary-Shagan MTC Complex G since
= Erected on a transportable electronics
tower (TET) behind an SA-10 launch pad and
apparently connected by cable to nearby SA-
10 computer vans, this radar may be undergo-
ing integration testing with the SA-10 system
(Figure 7). Integrated in this manner, a likely
role would be as a replacement for the CLAM
SHELL radar. Unlike the CLAM SHELL, the TIN
SHIELD is not dependent on the TET for
operation (though it can be mounted on a
TET). The TIN SHIELD may play an important
role in the mobile version of the SA-10. Its
long range acquisition and 3-D capability
would help offset any loss of BIG BIRD data
and allow the firing unit to operate more
autonomously in battle. (S/WN)
19. Low-Altitude Performance. The con-
struction of new instrumentation sites at four
of the five Sary-Shagan Launch Complex G
Tracking Facilities suggest that the SA-10 mis-
sile may be undergoing modifications, possibly
to improve its low altitude performance. Opti-
25X1
25X1
25X1
25X1
25X1
25X1
 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/01/19: CIA-RDP84TO0171 R000300490001-6
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/01/19: CIA-RDP84TO0171 R000300490001-6
 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/01/19: CIA-RDP84TO0171 R000300490001-6
Top Secret RUFF
cal tracking devices have been installed at
Tracking Facilities G2 G3 (BE
G4 and G5 (BE
and appeared externally com-
plete by mid 1983. (S/WN)
-8-
Top Secret
RCA-04/0001/83
25X1
25X1
25X1
25X1
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/01/19: CIA-RDP84TO0171 R000300490001-6 --
 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/01/19: CIA-RDP84TO0171 R000300490001-6
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/01/19: CIA-RDP84TO0171 R000300490001-6
 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/01/19: CIA-RDP84TO0171 R000300490001-6
Top Secret RUFF
IMAGERY
All applicable imagery acquired through was used in the preparation of this report. (S)
MAPS OR CHARTS
SAC. US Air Target Chart, Series 200, Various sheets, scale 1:200,000 (UNCLASSIFIED)
DOCUMENTS
1. NPIC. Z-14634/82, RCA-04/0001/82, SA-10 SAM Deployment (S), Dec 82
nt: Slower Than Expected (5), Jul 83
SOV 83-10118 JX, Jul 83 (TOP SECRET/CODEWORDS/NOFORN/ORCON**)
*Extracted information is classified
Comments and queries regarding this report are welcome. They ma be directed to
Soviet Strategic Forces Division, Imagery Exploitation Group, NPIC,
COMIREX D99
Project 543062D
istribution 81001
'25X1
25X1
25X1
25X1
25X1
25X1
25X1
25X1
Z0A'I
25X1
- 10-
Top Secret RCA-04/0001/83 25X1
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/01/19: CIA-RDP84TO0171 R000300490001-6 --
 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/01/19: CIA-RDP84TO0171 R000300490001-6
Top Secret
Top Secret
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/01/19: CIA-RDP84TO0171 R000300490001-6