THE KGB'S MAGICAL WAR FOR 'PEACE', BY JOHN BARRON

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP84B00049R001102790012-4
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: S
• Document Page Count: 28
• Document Creation Date: December 19, 2016
• Document Release Date: April 21, 2006
• Sequence Number: 12
• Publication Date: September 28, 1982
• Content Type: REPORT

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 for R#
It has spread like a rag-
ing fever throughout the
world, From Bonn to Is-
tanbul, Lima to New York,
millions upon millions of
people have joined in the
nuclear-freeze movement.
It is a movement largely
made up of patriotic, sen-
sible people who earnestly
believe that they are doing
what they must to prevent
nuclear war, But it is also a
movement that has been 11CM!
penetrated, manipulated The
and distorted to an amaz- Magical War for "Peace"
ing degree by people who
have but one airri-to pro- BYJOHN BARRON
mote communist tyranny
by weakening the United.
States- Here, in an exclu_
sive report, Reader's Di-
gest Senior Editor John
Barron, author of the best-
Th
e Secret
III
Work of Soviet Secret
Agents, authenticates in
detail how the Kremlin,
h
t
rough s:.;c.rocy, forgery,
terrorism (1110. fear, has
played upon mankind's
longing fcn peace to fur-
ther its Ewan strategic
~h'auc
lease MAU?%~5': CIA-RDP84B00049R001102790012-4
 Approved For Release 2006/05/25: CIA-RDP84B00049F
N THE OLD I URYANKA PRISON
on Dzer7hinsky Square in
Moscow, the screams of the
tortured and the pleas of the
doomed are heard no more.
pedic, inside knmNledge of how the
Soviet Union conceives and con-
ducts Active Measures. In late 1979
Maj. Stanislav Aleksandrovich Lev-
chenko escaped from Japan to the
United States, and he turned out to
he one of the most important officers
ever to flee the K(;B. Levchenko had
worked at the Center as well as, in
front organizations in Moscow. At
the time of his escape he was Active
Measures Officer at the KGB's Tokyo
Residency. From his unique back-
ground, he disclosed strategy, tactics
and myriad examples of Active Mea-
sures, while unmasking Soviet fronts
and key KGB operatives.
"Few people who understand
the reality of the Soviet Union will
knowingly support it or its poli-
cies," Levchenko states. "So by Ac-
tive Measures, the KGB distorts or
inverts reality. The trick is to make
people support Soviet policy unwit-
tingly by convincing them they are
supporting something else. Almost
everybody wants peace and fears
war. Therefore, by every conceiv-
able means, the KGB plans and
coordinates campaigns to persuade
the public that whatever America
does endangers peace and that
whatever the Soviet Union pro-
poses furthers peace. To he for
America is to he for war; to be for
the Soviets is to be for peace. That's
the art of Active Measures, a sort of
made-in-Moscow black magic. It is
tragic to see how well it works."
Today, the KGB is concentrating
on one of the largest Active Meas-
(Continued on page 21!)
Drunken executioners no longer
ram pistols into backs of heads and
blow out the faces of "enemies of
the people." No longer must clean-
ing crews come every few hours to
wash blood from the stone walls,
swab gore off the oak floors and
cart away former comrades' remains.
Today the Communist Party
torturers and executioners perform
their duties elsewhere, and Lu-
hyanka, whose name still kindles
fear in Russians, has undergone a
reincarnation. Unknown to the
general public, its cells, torture
chambers and execution cellars
have been remodeled into offices
and made part of the "Center"-
the headquarters of the Committee
for State Security, or KGB.
Sitting in a mahogany-paneled
office on the third floor of Lu-
byanka is the new KG13 chairman,
Vitaly Fedorchuk. He must still
concern himself, first of all, with
the continuing subjugation of the
Soviet people on behalf of the Party.
He and his deputies must still super-
vise some 5000 KGB officers abroad
who daily endeavor to steal the
scientific, military and state secrets
of other nations. But today, as never
before, the KGB leadership is preoc-
cupied with prosecution of what
the Russians call Active Measures.
As a result of a disastrous K(,B
loss, the West has gained cncyclo-
FROM A FORTHCOMING BOOK BY JOHN BARRON TO BE PUBLISHED IN 1983 BY READER S DIGEST PRESS 207
200 PARK AVE NEW YORK N 1 10166
 Approved For Release 2006/05/25: CIA-RDP84B0004
TIl KGRS 11-fAGICAI. ttcau l:nu
tires campaigns mounted since
World War If. Its objective is to
Fabrications and Fronts
secure military superiority for the IN THE SOVIET LEXIcoN, Active
Soviet Union by persuading the Measures include both overt and
United States to abandon new covert propaganda, manipulation
weapons systems that both Amen- of international front organiza-
can political parties and numerous tions, forgeries, fabrications and
strategists judge essential to West- deceptions, acts of sabotage or ter-
ern military security. The name of rorism committed for psychologi-
the campaign is "nuclear freeze." cal effect, and the use of Agents of
This worldwide campaign thus Influence.*
far has been remarkably successful, The KGB has concocted more
for the Kci has induced millions than f5o forgeries of official U.S.
upon millions of honorable, patri- documents and correspondence
otic and sensible people who detest portraying American leaders as
communist tyranny to make com- treacherous and the United States
mon cause with the Soviet Union. as an unreliable, warmongering na-
Most of these millions earnestly tion. One of the most damaging
believe they are doing what they was a fabrication titled U.S. Army
must to spare mankind the calami- Field Manual FM30-31B and classi-
ty of nuclear war. In appealing to Pied, by the KGB, top secret. Field
their admirable motivations, the manuals FA130-31 and FM30-31A
Soviet Active Measures apparatus did exist; FM311-31B was entirely a
follows a strategy not unlike that of Soviet creation. Over the forged
cigarette advertisers. Tobacco com- signature of Uen. William West-
panies do not ask people to consider moreland, the manual detailed pro-
thoughtfully the fundamental is- cedures to be followed by U.S.
sue of whether the pleasures of military personnel in friendly for-
cigarette addiction offset indis- eign countries. These fictitious in-
putable perils to health. Rather, by structions told U.S. military forces
simple slogans and alluring illus- or advisers how to interfere in
trations, they evade the issue. internal political affairs and, in
Similarly, Active Measures, by certain circumstances, how to incite
holding out the allure of" peace ultra-leftist groups to violence so
through simple slogans and sim- as to provoke the host govern-
li
i
p
st
c proposals, try to evade the
fundamental and extremely com-
plex issue of arms limitation. And,
as Levchenko suggests, they try to
persuade everybody that the way
to peace lies down the path the
Russians are pointing to.
*l he classic Soviet espionage agent steals
secrets. An Agent of Influence strives to affect
the public opinion and policicsof other nations in
the interests of the Soviet Union. His or her
advocacy may be open or concealed, direct or
subtle. ;\hvays, though, the Agent of Influence
pretends that he or she is acting out of personal
conviction rather than under Soviet guidance.
 ment into militant anti-communist
actions.
The KGB forgery proved invalu-
able after terrorists from the radical
leftist Red Brigades murdered
Aldo Moro, president of the Italian
Christian Democratic Party, in
March 1978. Although Moro's mur-
der constituted a grievous loss to the
United States, Radio Moscow began
broadcasting charges that he had
been assassinated by the CIA. Initial-
ly, few people paid any attention to
the totally undocumented allegation.
Then, according to Congressional
testimony, Cuban intelligence officer
Luis Gonzalez Verdecia offered a
Spanish newspaper the forged Army
manual along with an analysis by
Fernando Gonzalez, a Spanish com-
munist who dealt with the KGB. In
his article Gonzalez cited the manual
to support claims that the United
States was involved with various
Western European terrorist groups,
including the Red Brigades.
The leftist Spanish magazine El
Triunfo published both Gonzalez's
article and parts of the forgery on
September 23, 1978. Immediately,
Italian and other European news-
papers replayed the Spanish story.
Soviet propagandists now set up a
new hue and cry, citing the articles
in the non-communist European
press as "evidence" that the CIA had
assassinated Moro and that the
United States was the actual spon-
sor of left-wing terrorists all around
the world.
Soon, the press in 20 countries I,at o teleasep3i O O5/ e: 4 IEj QRsB4RQR49W
t
the CIA along with the forged man-
ual or excerpts from it. In the minds
of millions, the KGB had succeeded
in inverting reality.
In all nations the KGB attempts
to recruit agents-within the polit-
ical system, press, religion, labor,
the academic world-who can help
shape public attitudes and policies
to Soviet interests. Pierre-Charles
Pathe, a French journalist, was an
archetypical Agent of Influence un-
til his arrest in 1979. KGB officers,
working in Paris under diplomatic
cover, regularly supplied him with
data that he transformed into articles
or passed along to other journalists as
his own research and thought. For
nearly 20 years Pathe initiated more
than loo articles on Latin America,
China, NATO, the CIA and other
topics, all in tune with KGB goals.
With KGB funds, he published a
newsletter read by leaders in gov-
ernment and industry. A French
court judged Pathe's actions so
potentially damaging to France's
military, political and essential eco-
nomic interests that it sentenced
him to five years' imprisonment.
The Soviets also discreetly en-
courage terrorism as a form of Ac-
tive Measures. At a school where
KGB personnel formerly trained,
near the village of Balashikha, east
of Moscow, officers of Department
V, responsible for sabotage and as-
sassination, bring in contingents of
too or so young people each year
from the Middle East, Africa and
.,taught terror-
i of trainees re-
 Approved For Release 2006/05/25: CIA-RDP84B00049R
specific missions, the KGB calculat-
ing that the Soviet Union benefits
from any mayhem committed in
recruited to be KGB
agents within the ter-
rorist movements
back home. And the
best and most ideo-
logically reliable are
recruited to serve the
KGB independently.
Beyond these
types of Active Meas-
ures for which it is
exclusively responsi-
ble, the KGB assists
the International De-
partment of the Cen-
group because of subversive activi-
ties in 1957, but the WPC retained
a European outpost in Vienna
through a branch titled the Interna-
tional Institute for Peace. In 1968
tral Committee in maintaining an
interlocking web of front organi-
zations. While all are controlled
from Moscow, they are not popu-
larly perceived as subversive. The
most important fronts in the cur-
rent "peace" campaign are the
World Peace Council (WP() and
Canada.
Facade of Peace
THE WORLD PEACE COUNCIL
emerged in Paris in 1950 to foment
"Ban the Bomb" propaganda at a
time when the Soviets had not suc-
ceeded in arming themselves with
nuclear weapons. Expelled from
France for subversion in 1951, the
WPC took refuge in Prague until
1954, when it moved to Vienna.
The Austrians also evicted the
the WPC established
headquarters in Hel-
sinki to orchestrate
the global propagan-
da campaign to com-
pel withdrawal of
American forces
from Vietnam.
The president of
the council is Indian
communist Romesh
Chandra, who long
has been a controlled
and witting Soviet
agent. Intelligent,
vain and arrogant, Chandra is
almost embarrassing in his slavish
adherence to Soviet dictates and his
paeans to all things Soviet. "The
Soviet Union invariably supports
the peace movement," Chandra
said a few years ago. "The World
Peace Council in its turn positively
reacts to all Soviet initiatives in
international affairs."
Nevertheless, the Russians su-
pervise Chandra closely by assign-
ing both International Department
and KGB representatives to the per-
manent secretariat of the WPC in
Helsinki. The public record amply
demonstrates the totality of Soviet
control. In its 32 years of existence,
the WPC has not deviated from the
Kremlin's line of the moment. It
did not raise its voice against Soviet
suppression of Polish and East Ger-
1ij
 THE KGB s AMGICAI. WAR FOR "PEACE."
man workers in 1953, Soviet
slaughter of Hungarians in 1956,
Soviet abrogation of the nuclear-
test moratorium in 1961, the clan-
destine emplacement of nuclear
missiles in Cuba in 1962, the inva-
sion of Czechoslovakia in 1968,
the projection of Soviet military
power in Angola, Ethiopia and
Yemen. The WPC has failed to
criticize a single Soviet armament
program; only those of the West.
And it endorsed the Soviet inva-
sion of Afghanistan.
WPC finances further reflect So-
viet control. Huge sums are neces-
sary to maintain the offices and
staff in Helsinki, Vienna and, since
1977, Geneva; to pay for continual
global travel by WPc officials; to
publish and distribute around the
world monthly periodicals in Eng-
lish, French, German and Spanish;
to finance international assemblies
for which hundreds of delegates are
provided transportation, food and
lodging. Yet the World Peace
Council has no visible means of
support. Virtually all its money
comes clandestinely from the Sovi-
et Union.
Even so, many people, including
diplomats, politicians, scientists
and journalists, choose not to see
the WPC for what it is. The United
Nations officially recognizes the
WPC as a "non-governmental organ-
ization" and joins it in discussions
of issues such as disarmament and
colonialism. The national peace
in more than loo nations rarely are
stigmatized in the press as puppets
of the Politburo.
(liven the facade of an earnest
institution that unites sincere men
and women from all parts of the
world in the quest for peace, given
the expertise of KGB and Inter-
national Department specialists in
Active Measures and propaganda,
given virtually limitless funds, the
World Peace Council frequently
rallies millions of non-communists
to communist causes.
Coordinated Effort
ANOTHER FRONT, the Institute for
the U.S.A. and Canada, affords dis-
guised Soviet operatives entree into
much higher levels of American
society than does the wPc. Its direc-
tor, Georgi Arbatov, an intimate of
former KGB chairman Yuri Andro-
pov, has in recent years been a
regular commuter to the United
States, where he hobnobs with
prominent politicians and preaches
the gospel of disarmament on na-
tional television.
Fully a third of the Institute's
staff are regular officers of the KGB;
one of its deputy directors is Rado-
mir Georgovich Bogdanov, a senior
KGB colonel, who has been subvert-
ing foreigners for a quarter centu-
ry. He labored more than a decade
to recruit English-speaking leaders
in India and did so well that the
KGB promoted him to Resident in
New Delhi A. u h h h I
s c , e e ped
r Rele Rrip0A :,6ALK P84 OOO OP s90pil n4ra into an
i ains of
211 open and secret ties Agent of Influence in the 196os and
 THE KGB 'S MAGICAL HAR FOR 'PEACE"
has worked with him intermittent- reportage of the non-communist
ly ever since.
ress by echoing them in official
In the mid-1970s the KGB as- p
debates. The parties consti
signed Bogdanov to the Institute ready reservoir of d sciplinedtdem-
and to American targets. His pose onstrators who can take to the
as a scholar and disarmament spe- streets simultaneously in cities
cialist questing for
peace and understand-
ing earns him access to
U.S, Politicians and
academicians who
genuinely do desire
peace and understand-
Ing. Bogdanov has
turned up at disarma-
ment conferences-in
Washington, New
IIJj'I Pork and Europe
peddling the Soviet
i
ne and hi
untng
for Americans who Radonuir Bogdan,,,
can be seduced into following it.
The KGB also assists the Interna-
tional Department in sustaining for-
eign communist parties. Many of the
parties survive only through secret
Soviet subsidies, often delivered by
the KGB. The Russians, for example,
l
h
ong
aveld b
smuggeetween $I mil-
lion and $2 million annually to the
Communist Party U.S.A.
The USIQ It
millions the foreign parties because, een if
bedraggled and numerically small,
they still contribute significantly to
Active Measures. Their members
can be counted upon to circulate
pamphlets and promulgate Soviet
themes that subsequently rrPr ,
wicmners -"uuun no sowBombast
Releas 1db16f05125odt l c-F WQ4pR049P, 0I ET !
can insert these themes into the HE OVIETS current peace cam-
216 Paifrn began five years ago in
throughout the world
to foster an illusion of
spontaneous concern.
They provide the in-
defatigable cadre of
planners, organizers
and agitators who help
stage mass demonstra-
tions that attract non-
communists.
The vast Soviet
Active Measures ap-
paratus-the overt
propaganda organs,
foreign comm
i
un
st
parties, international fronts, KGB
Residencies around the world, the
factories of forgery and disinfor-
mation, the Agents of Influence-
is well coordinated and disciplined
and can respond to commands rap-
idly and flexibly. When the KGB or
International Department senses op-
portunity, a detailed operational plan
is submitted to the Politburo. Once
the Politburo approves, everybody
from Brezhnev on down pitches in.
The basic themes and subthemes
of the campaign then are massively
and thunderously propagated, like
some primitive chant, to drown
out reasoned debate or dissent.
 THE KGBS MAGICAL WAR FOR "PEACE"
reaction to the enhanced-radiation
warhead (ERW), which soon was
mislabeled the neutron bomb. The
ERW was born of the most realistic
considerations. By 1976 the Soviet
Union and its satellites had de-
ployed some 20,000 battle tanks
against West Germany.
NATO, with only some 7000
tanks and numerically inferior
ground forces, could be sure of
repelling an onslaught by Soviet
armor only through the use of tacti-
cal nuclear weapons. However, the
smallest of the nuclear weapons
then stored in Europe had a de-
structive force roughly equivalent
to that of the bomb dropped on
Hiroshima. The blast and heat
from such a weapon would wipe
out not only Soviet invaders but
everybody and everything within a
four-mile radius of the detonation
point. Radiation would kill men,
women and children within an
even wider area.
Through their hydra-headed
propaganda apparatus, the Rus-
sians were able to say, and in effect
continue to say, to the West Ger-
mans: If there is war, that' is, if we
attack you, the Americans will lay
waste to your country and people.
Since defense is impossible without
annihilation, you should quit
NATO, cease being pawns of the
Americans and come to peaceful
and profitable terms with us.
The Russians' most imminent
.
u
objective in arraying armor on in lune io77 President Timmu C -_
rceiease
YgvaoRUa~isocltlcuaxurrarr+p~ouu4tt~~;~diC} would delay
I; L
t
argument; not to attack, but to
intimidate and fragment by threat.
The United States developed the
ERW solely to neutralize this threat.
Fired from a howitzer or short-
range missile, the ERW obliterates
everything within a radius of about
120 yards, inflicting no physical
damage beyond. It releases neu-
trons, which flash through the
thickest armor with the ease of
light passing through a window.
The neutrons instantly kill tank
crews, soldiers and anybody else in
a radius of 500 yards, and cause
death within hours or days to all
inside a radius of one mile. The
radiation effects dissipate quickly,
though, and the area affected may
safely be entered only hours later.
After technological break-
throughs in the mid-1970s made
production of an ERW feasible,
military strategists advanced the
following arguments: The ERW
would render the 20,000 commu-
nist tanks menacing NATO by and
large useless, militarily and politi-
cally. The ERW could wipe out the
crews of entire communist ar-
mored divisions, while causing
minimal civilian casualties and
physical devastation. In other
words, NATO could defend West-
ern Europe without destroying
much of the area and its population.
Accordingly, President Gerald
Ford in April 1976 approved the
enhanced-radiation warhead
B
t
f,a
e num ers was to reintorce this (Continued on page 225)
,,n
 Approved For Release 2006/05/25: CIA-RDP84B00049R
THE KGB S MAGICAL WAR FOR 'PEACE"
a final decision until November.
Now the Russians had time and
opportunity to initiate a worldwide
campaign to pressure President
Carter to do as they wished. In little
more than a month, the Politburo,
the International Department of
the Central Committee, the KGB,
their worldwide web of agents and
front groups, and the Soviet press
were ready. They began July 9,
1977, with a cry from TASS aimed
at Carter himself: "How can one
pose as a champion of human rights
and at the same time brandish the
neutron bomb, which threatens the
lives of millions of people?" The
Kremlin then warned the world
that the neutron bomb can "only
bring the world closer to nuclear
holocaust."
Throughout July the Soviet press
and radio, in an ever-rising chorus,
sounded variations of this refrain:
The ghastly new American weapon,
the neutron bomb, threatens man-
kind with nuclear extinction. To be
for the neutron bomb is to be for war.
To oppose the neutron bomb is to be
for peace.
Faithfully, the state-controlled
media of Eastern Europe and the
newspapers of communist parties
in Western Europe echoed the
bombast emanating from Moscow.
Orchestrated Protest
INITIALLY, the Active Measures
against the ERW were mostly overt
and the propaganda was traceable
to communist sources. But in Au-
gust the campaign advanced into
semi-covert and clandestine phases.
The World Peace Council pro-
claimed August 6-13, 1977, a Week
of Action, and its front groups,
abetted by the KGB and local com-
munist parties, promoted public
demonstrations whose Soviet spon-
sorship was less perceptible. That
week crowds, pleading in the name
of humanity against the "killer
neutron bomb," demonstrated be-
fore U.S. consulates or embassies in
Bonn, Stuttgart, Frankfurt and Is-
tanbul. Though subtly directed by
Soviet agents, the demonstrators-
in Germany and the Netherlands at
least-were mostly non-commu-
nists attracted by intensive advertis-
ing, and motivated by a variety of
impulses: anti-Americanism, paci-
fism, abhorrence of all nuclear
weapons and a sincere longing for
peace.
Elsewhere, in lands where the
ERW never would be used, KGB
Residencies did their job by plant-
ing disinformation in the local
press. One prestigious Latin Amer-
ican newspaper published an anti-
neutron-bomb article attributed to
the International Institute for Peace
in Vienna, which was not identified
as the Soviet front that it is. A small
communist claque in Lima dis-
patched a formal protest to the
United Nations. A spate of Soviet-
inspired articles appeared in India,
Pakistan, Mauritius, Ghana, Ethio-
pia and Libya.
Concurrently, within its own
empire, the Soviet Union beat the
propaganda drums in a new cre-
 THE KGB S MAGICAL If/4R FOR "PEACE"
scendo. From East Berlin, Reuters October 16, 1977, six outsiders Bis-
on August 8 reported: "Twenty- rupted the service with shouts
eight European and North Ameri- against the neutron bomb. And on
can communist parties today joined two more occasions, protesters Kar-
in an unusual display of public assed the Carters at church.
unity to call on the United States to In
January
ban production of the neutron letters to the heads of all Western
bomb." A sturdy worker in Mos- governments asserting that the
cow recalled the suffering of World neutron bomb would "pose a grave
War II; by coincidence, another threat to detente." Western mem-
man 1500 miles away in Uzbeki- bers of parliament received similar
stan spoke almost exactly the same letters from members of the Su-
words. preme Soviet and Soviet trade-
In October, Secretary of Defense union leaders.
Harold Brown announced Presi- Emboldened by the initial furor
dent Carter would approve pro- the Active Measures campaign had
duction of the ERW only if NATO incited, the KGB and International
allies agreed in advance to its de- Department moved on the U.S.
ployment on their territories. West- Congress. American communists,
ern European leaders recognized joined by non-communists, formed
the ERW as a much safer, more a National Committee to welcome
credible deterrent than the nuclear Romesh Chandra and the World
warheads already on their soil, and Peace Council presidential bureau
privately wanted it added to NATO to a "Dialogue for Disarmament
defenses. But-by temporizing and and Detente" held in Washington
publicly shifting the burden of de- from January 25 to 28. U.S. Rep.
cision to them, Carter exposed Al- John Conyers, Jr., heartily greeted
lied leaders as well as himself to the group. "You have joined us to
intensified pressures, give us courage and inspiration in
Accurately assessing Carter as a our fight for disarmament and
devoted Baptist, the Russians played against the neutron bomb," he said.
upon his deep religious faith. In a The KGB provided the star of
dispatch quoted by the American this show at the Capitol. Reporting
press, TASS reported: "Soviet Baptist the proceedings, which included a
leaders today condemned produc- luncheon in the House of Repre-
tion of the neutron bomb as'contrary sentatives, the communist Daily
to the teachings of Christ' and urged World said: "Every now and then
fellow Baptists in the United States one of the speakers would strike an
to raise their voices in defense of emotional chord that was both per-
peace." As President and Mrs Carter l
wordh sons and political, a an plea
ReIet~~5~e: 6IIjR13WlBOO1:1QTqA~1elisteners.
n as ington on S d
226 un ay, One such speaker was Radomir
 BOOK SECTION
Bogdanov of the Soviet Academy zations Committee on Disarma!
of Sciences," The Daily World neg- ment. The actual organizers and
lected to mention that Bogdanov is sponsors were the World Peace
a KGB officer. Council, its Swiss allies and Eastern
Having given courageressmen
on and, a insgpient- Etouropean "diplomats" accredited
rati on " to U.S. C
g
the United Nations in Geneva.
Chandra and Colonel Bogdanov The presiding officer was the ubiq-
proceeded to New York where the uitous agent Chandra.
WPC group had "long and fruitful On March r9, in a rally or-
discussions" with U.N. Secretary- ganized primarily by the Dutch
General Kurt Waldheim. Communist Party, some 40,00o
In late February, 126 represent- demonstrators, drawn from
atives of peace groups from 5o throughout Europe at considerable
nations gathered in Geneva to de- expense to the rally's sponsors,
flounce the neutron bomb. They marched through Amsterdam in-
attracted attention from an uncriti- veighing against the horrors of the
cal press that did not ask who was neutron bomb and the nuclear hol-
paying for this extravaganza alleg- ocaust it surely would precipitate.
edly sponsored by a heretofore un- The protest, part of the Interna-
known outfit calling itself the tional Forum Against the Neutron
Special Nongovernmental Organi- Bomb, doubtless constituted evi-
SPREAD THE WORD
WITH REPRINTS
cf~EADERS frequently tell us how gratifying it is to pass along copies of
especially interesting or usef
l
i
l
u
art
c
es to friends, church congregations,
volunteer groups, employees, nursing homes, schools, etc. Reprints avail-
able from the October 1982 issue:
Coping With Budget Cuts: How Two States Do It
Six Myths About Extramarital Affairs ... . . . Page 33
The Persecution of a Government Watchdog page 93
"Why Do Judges Keep Letting Him Off-" ........ page 121
What Happens When a Smoker Stops ........ .
Living It Up in Debt ..... Page 136
Biomagnetism: An Awesome Force in Our Lives ... page 143
The Insanity Defense Is Insane ....... page 157
Prices: ro for ....... page 199
$35; loon for $3; 25 for $6; 50 for $9; too for $15; 50o for
yy~~Postage and handling charges included in order f
elea a 20r~ / f'f~'~I&rE'iRb't4aowom i s iYcbio ,Y.stoS7o.
228
 }Z
Approved For Release 2006/05/25: CIA-RDP84B00049R001
1982
dence to many that the neutron
bomb must be very bad indeed.
American Retreat
DESPITE THE ILLUSION of a
worldwide tide of sentiment well-
ing up against the ERW, President
Carter's three principal foreign-
policy advisers-Secretary of State
Cyrus Vance, Secretary of Defense
Harold Brown and National Secu-
rity Adviser Zbigniew Brzezin-
ski-all urged production. So did
the Washington Post and the New
York Times. Declared the Times:
"Ever since the Carter Administra-
tion asked Congress last summer
for funds to produce enhanced-
radiation nuclear warheads, critics
ranging from Soviet propagandists
to Western cartoonists have had a
field day attacking the so-called
`neutron bomb.' The archetypical
capitalist weapon, Moscow has
called it, a destroyer of people but
not property. Grim forecasts of lin-
gering radiation deaths have filled
newspaper columns worldwide.
Rarely have the relevant questions
been asked: Is the neutron weapon
really more terrible than other nu-
clear weapons? And more impor-
tant, would its deployment make
nuclear war more likely?
"The answer to both these ques-
tions is almost certainly 'No.'. . .
Neutron weapons in Western hands
would significantly complicate So-
viet tactical planning: If its tanks
were to attack in mass, they would
be highly vulnerable. If they were
to disperse, they would be easier
targets for conventional precision-
guided anti-tank weapons...."
Such logic was unavailing. On
April 7, 1978, President Carter an-
nounced the ERW's cancellation.
The communists gloated. "The po-
litical campaign against the neu-
tron bomb was one of the most
significant and successful' since
World War II," boasted Janos
Berecz, chief of the Hungarian
Communist Party's International
Department. And Leonid Brezh-
nev himself decorated Soviet Am-
bassador Aleksandr Yosipovich
Romanov for his services in inciting
the Dutch demonstrations.
In unilaterally abandoning plans
to produce the enhanced-radiation
warhead, the United States secured
no reciprocal or compensatory con-
cessions from the Soviet Union.
Abandonment gained no good will
from those people endemically hos-
tile to the plan or those convinced
that it had pushed the world to the
precipice of nuclear war by devel-
oping a ghastly new weapon.
By arming NATO with the en-
hanced-radiation warhead, the
United States had intended to dem-
onstrate to friends that it possessed
the will and capacity to participate
effectively in their defense. By vac-
illating, then capitulating before
the pressures of Soviet Active
Measures, the United States
showed itself to be irresolute and, in
the eyes of many friends, witless.
The retreat especially frightened
Europeans threatened by the Sovi-
ets' newest weapon of mass de-
 struction, the SS-20 missile. The
SS-20 is an accurate, mobile weap-
on that can be concealed from de-
tection by space satellites and
reconnaissance aircraft. In 1977 the
Russians had begun deploying the
first of 315 of these missiles, each
with three nuclear warheads that
can be directed at separate targets.
Thus the Soviet Union now had an
intimidating new force, which
within 15 minutes from launch
could obliterate 945 European tar-
gets-including every sizable city
from Oslo to Lisbon, from Glasgow
to Istanbul.
At the insistence of the Western
Europeans and particularly West
German Chancellor Schmidt, the
Carter Administration finally
agreed to emplace, under joint
U.S.-NATO control, 572 Pershing II
and cruise missiles as a counter-
poise to the SS-20s. Unlike the old
missiles they would replace, the
intermediate-range Pershing II and
cruise missiles could reach Moscow
Europe for more than three dec-
ades, would be restored; neither
side could credibly threaten the
other with nuclear assault. NATO
ministers in December 1979 over-
whelmingly approved deployment
of the modern missiles, and the
United States promised to put them
in place by late 1983.
Throughout the 1980 Presiden-
tial campaign, candidate Ronald
Reagan declared that, if elected, he
would restore American military
power to the degree necessary to
deter Soviet intimidation or attack.
A few days after Reagan won, the
Soviet Union instigated the great
new Active Measures campaign to
prevent NATO from countering the
SS-20s.and to reverse the American
election results by nullifying the
rearmament program implicitly
mandated by the voters. After the
success of the anti-neutron-bomb
campaign, their expectations were
high.
and other cities in the western Sovi- Nuclear Freeze
et Union. Both are mobile, can be ON FEBRUARY 23, 1981, Leonid
hidden and could probably survive Brezhnev, addressing the 26th
the new American missiles would an official call for a nuclearfreeze-
De armed only with a single an immediate cessation of develop-
1.11111_11 -
the 572 warheads would suffice to the fundamental Soviet objective of
h
void t
e threat of the SS-20 by aborting American production and
convincing the Russians that attack deployment of the enhanced-radia-
upon Western Europe autolnatical- tion warhead (re-initiated by Rea-
Releas bt "C{ti1-`~21>('1r049'~097~'@s~s4 and a new
ep peace in marine( )omher, the B-1. It would
 leave Western Europe vulnerable
to the relentlessly expanding com-
munist forces-now including an
astonishing 42,500 tanks and 315
deadly SS-20 missiles. It would
leave the United States with a fleet
of old, obsolete strategic bombers
unlikely to penetrate Soviet air de-
fenses and with an aging force of
fixed land-based missiles vulnera-
ble to a first strike by gigantic new
Soviet missiles.
Instantly the KGB, the Interna-
tional Department and the im-
mense Active Measures apparatus
heeded Brezhnev's call. With the
World Peace Council, its foreign
affiliates and local communist par-
ties again the principal organizers,
a new series of mass demonstra-
tions occurred in Europe. An esti-
mated 250,000 people marched in
Bonn, protesting against any new
missiles or nuclear weapons. Soviet
fronts helped assemble a throng
estimated at 350,000 in Amster-
dam, a reported 400,000 in Madrid
and 200,000 in Athens.
The KGB all along played its
traditional part. Dutch authorities
in April 1881 expelled KGB officer
Vadim Leonov who, in the guise of
a TASS correspondent, associated
closely with leaders of the Dutch
peace movement. Leonov made a
number of professional mistakes,
including a drunken boast to a
Dutch counterintelligence source.
"If Moscow decides that 50,000
demonstrators must take to the
streets in the Netherlands, then
they take to the streets. Do ' ou
 its
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Approved For Release 2006/05/25: CIA-RDP84B00049RO
TUI KGES hfAGIC,AL WAR FOR 'PEACE" 233
know how you can get 5o,00o dem-
onstrators at a certain place within
a week? A message through my
channels is sufficient," Leonov
bragged. In November Norway ex-
pelled KGB officer Stanislav Cheho-
tek for offering bribes to those Nor-
wegians who would write letters to
newspapers denouncing NATO and
the proposed missiles for Europe.
In January 1982 Portugal ousted
two KGB officers, Yuri Babaints
and Mikhail Morozov, for attempt-
ing to incite riots against NATO.
That same month the Portuguese
also denied visas to Soviet Peace
Committee representatives who
wanted to join a communist-spon-
sored demonstration against NATO
and the missiles on grounds that
they were Soviet subversives. The
Portuguese Socialist Party boycott-
ed the Lisbon march, deriding it as
a "reflection of the diplomatic and
military logic of the Soviet bloc."
However, the march of about
50,000 people proceeded-with
U.S. Congressman Gus Savage as
one of its leaders. In a newsletter to
constituents, Savage boasted of his
participation in activities of the
World Peace Council, which he
described as "the largest nongov-
ernmental peace organization in
the world."
All the while the KGB was man-
ufacturing a spate of forged docu-
ments intended to buttress the
theme that American rather than
Soviet nuclear weapons most im-
peril Western Europe. It succeeded
(Continued on page 236)
 THE KGB S MAGICAL 4A R FOR `PEACE"
in circulating in Great Britain, the
Netherlands, Norway, Belgium,
Malta, Greece and France a
pamphlet entitled "Top Secret
Documents . . . on U.S. Forces
Headquarters in Europe ... Holo-
caust Again for Europe." The con-
tents consisted of alterations and
fabrications based upon authentic
military-contingency plans stolen
by a KGB agent, Sgt. Robert Lee
Johnson, from the Armed Forces
Courier Center vault at Orly Field
in 1962. The fabrications purported
to show that the United States
planned to blow up much of Europe
with nuclear weapons to save itself.
his own name propaganda tracts
written by the KGB.
Danish counterintelligence offi-
cers witnessed 23 clandestine meet-
ings between Petersen and Maj.
Vladimir Dmitriyevich Merkulov,
Active Measures officer at the KGB
Residency in Copenhagen. Finally,
in October 1981, they arrested Pe-
tersen as a Soviet agent. Merkulov,
who had been active in the Danish
Cooperation Committee for Peace
and Security, a communist-domi-
nated subsidiary of the World
Peace Council, was expelled.
The U.S. Movement
Reproducing a standard, unclas- WHILE the Soviet-inspired dem-
sified U.S. government map of onstrations against NATO and the
Austria, the KGB labeled it top se- new missiles raged across Europe,
cret and marked targets on it. Both protests in America initially were
the Austrian communist newspa- scant and inconsequential. But on
per Volksstimme and Komsomol- March 20, 1981, less than one
skaya Pravda in Moscow published month after Brezhnev called for a
stories alleging that the map proved nuclear freeze, the first national
the United States planned to de- strategy conference of the Ameri-
stroy Austrian cities and installa- can Nuclear Freeze Campaign con-
tions with nuclear bombs. vened for three clays in a meeting
In Denmark, writer Arne hall at Georgetown University in
Herlov Petersen, a KGB agent since Washington. The topics of the
1970, helped organize a propaganda skills-sharing workshops suggest
drive advocating a Nordic Nuclear just how farsighted and well con
Weapon Free Zone, i.e., stripping sidered the planning was. Working
the northern flank of NATO of all sessions were conducted to teach
nuclear defenses. As part of this activists about: "Congressional
effort, he composed an advertise- District/Petitions Approach; Refer-
ment signed by 15o Danish artists endum/State Legislator Approach;
and intellectuals and bought news- Organizing Around Nuclear Weap-
paper space with KGB money. In on Facilities; How to Approach
the summer of 1981 Petersen spon- Middle America-Small Group and
RAQW peace 2A : rr~rp_ R{#j j ti i ues; Media;
,~ a P sh c i-cl~er~9't~'lc'hod~ gti~va~ing National
z3G
 THE KGB S MAGICAL HAR FOR "PEACE"
Organizations (Including Your
Own); Working with the Religious
Community; Working with the
Medical and Scientific Communi-
ty; Working with Groups with a
Human Needs Agenda."
Virtually the entire blueprint for
the nuclear-freeze campaign that
Yuri Kapralov
followed was drawn in comprehen-
sive detail. Speakers stressed that
the beauty of the nuclear freeze
derives from its simplicity. It would
enable all people sincerely con-
cerned about the danger of nuclear
war to answer for themselves the
qu'estion, "What can I do?"
According to a "peace" move-
ment newspaper, the organizers at
Georgetown comprised "between
275 and 30o predominantly white
middle-class people from 33 states,
Great Britain and the Soviet
Union." Records available today
e o t e most
identify only two of the invited effective speakers." Blaming the
~eleas@v 1Q6105iI26)n(CK-FMU 0049R0Q1Jd0 7,9 12i4ited States,
danov, an International Depart- Kapralov said, "It's funny that
238
ment specialist in Active Measures,
who flew in from Moscow. The
other was Yuri S. Kapralov, who
represents himself as a counselor at
the Soviet embassy in Washington.
Kapralov was not merely an ob-
server. He mingled with disarma-
ment proponents, urging them on
in their efforts to abort new Ameri-
can weapons. He was an official
member of the discussion panel,
and, as one listener put it, his state-
ments were "very impressive."
But Yuri Kapralov did not speak
just for himself. Kapralov is a KGB
officer who, ever since arriving
in the United States in 1978, has
dedicated himself to penetrating
the peace movement. Thus, little
more than two miles from the
White House, the KGB helped or-
ganize and inaugurate the Ameri-
can "nuclear freeze" campaign.
While many civic and church
groups of unassailable repute were
to join in advocating the "freeze,"
in terms of the strategy and organi-
zation of the drive, this little-noted
conference at Georgetown was a
seminal meeting.
KGB officer Kapralov subse-
quently showed up at other Ameri-
can forums advocating peace and
disarmament. According to press
accounts he received some of the
loudest applause given speakers by
about Boo Harvard students and
faculty members, and the Boston
Globe termed him "onf h
 Deterrence vs. the Freeze
EVERYONE IS FOR THE FREEZE. And no wonder. As the Nuclear Weapons Freeze
Campaign, the St. Louis-based "clearinghouse" for the grass-roots anti-nuke
crusade, puts it on its letterhead: "The freeze: because nobody wants a nuclear
war." The power of that slogan lies in its simplicity and its implication that only
those who want nuclear war could oppose a freeze. Consequently, the question is
no longer: "Are you for a freeze?" but "What kind of freeze are you for?"
Freezes now come in many varieties. The differences, though subtle, are crucial.
One proposal is from the grass-roots campaign. Its objective is a total ceasefire-
in-place in the nuclear arms race. This proposal has been adopted by scores of
town meetings, Catholic bishops, the YMCA and so on.
As an expression of general concern, the halt-in-place freeze is laudable. But as
a practical proposal, it is a disaster. First, production of nuclear weapons is
exceedingly difficult to verify without on-site inspection, and the U.S.S.R. has
consistently reiterated its opposition to such inspections.
Second, a global halt-in-place effectively cancels the Reagan Administration's
bold stroke in arms control on intermediate-range nuclear weapons in Europe.
Last November the President offered to cancel planned American deployment of
Pershing II and ground-launched cruise missiles if the Soviets agreed to dismantle
their SS-20s, 315 accurate and mobile nuclear missiles based in Eastern Europe
and aimed at West European cities. Leonid Brezhnev's counteroffer is also a
"freeze": keep things as they are in Europe, with the Soviets allowed 315
intermediate-range missiles on the ground and the United States zero. We are
now engaged in negotiations at Geneva to resolve the issue. If the halt-in-place
idea were to prevail in Washington, however, we wouldn't need negotiations in
Geneva. The issue would be settled with a Soviet victory.
Collapse of the U.S. position at Geneva would also cause disarray in the NATO
alliance. Helmut Schmidt and other European leaders have gone out on a limb to
support the U.S. position on intermediate nuclear weapons. If that limb is sawed
off by the U.S. freeze movement, just as it was in the neutron-bomb affair by
Carter, they could be forgiven if they never again risked their political futures on
U.S. promises.
But there exists an even more fundamental problem with the halt-in-place
proposal. It ignores deterrence, which has proved the only guarantor of peace in
the nuclear age. The proposal is based on the simple notion that as long as each
when our leaders talk very clearly would talk as clearly and as force-
about their desire for peace. some of fully for peace and arms control as
1Ieaser2D0?MS136 *R6 t #4B 049RWl,WR7 I;-Alled for a nu-
would prefer that your leaders clear freeze, he adjured scientists
l 240
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Approved For Release 2006/05/25: CIA-RDP84B00049RO
side has enough megatonnage to destroy the other, everything else is useless
overkill. It assumes that as long as we have the capacity to knock out Soviet cities,
we have deterrence. But deterrence requires the capacity to destroy the other side
after a first strike.
In a crisis, nuclear war will not start because one side has, say, ten times
overkill capacity as opposed to five. Nuclear war becomes more probable when
the threat of retaliation becomes less credible. If one side begins to lose its capacity
to deliver a second strike, the other side might be tempted in a crisis to strike first.
Even more dangerous is the temptation on the side with the diminished
retaliatory capacity to launch a pre-emptive first strike before it is too late. Thus,
those concerned with decreasing the chances of nuclear war should focus less on
absolute numbers than on survivability of our strategic deterrent.
The halt-in-place is a threat to stability because it will ultimately jeopardize the
survivability of America's retaliatory capacity. The Soviets will soon have a
credible capacity for a first strike against one portion of the U.S. deterrent, the
land-based intercontinental ballistic missiles. That will leave the United States
dependent on the two remaining legs of the triad: the bomber force and
submarines. The bomber force of old B-52s is rapidly losing its capacity to
penetrate Soviet airspace. The freeze would prevent us from modernizing the
bomber force with new planes (like the B-1 or the Stealth) and cruise missiles. So
America's deterrent capability basically would be in one basket-submarines.
Our subs are now the most survivable leg of our strategic triad, but the freeze
would prevent attempts to assure their long-term invulnerability. At the same
time it would do nothing to prevent non-nuclear anti-submarine research.
The aim of arms negotiations is to decrease the chances of nuclear war. And
the way to decrease those chances is to ensure deterrence. The freeze would
jeopardize deterrence. We recognize that the concept of deterrence is less
satisfying emotionally, and more difficult intellectually, than the freeze. It also
makes for duller copy than dramatic prophesies of the corning apocalypse. But
preventing nuclear war requires more than fear. It requires a conscious strategy,
the political will to carry it out and a sense of public duty to explain to the -r5rers
the unpleasant, complex world of deterrence. Unfortunately, many political
leaders see the peace train leaving the station and they must run to keep up with
their followers. But our survival is at stake. Citizens and Congressmen will simply
have to cool their emotions and think. -? 1952, The New Republic, Inc.
to join in warning the public of University, a new outfit, titled In-
the horrors of nuclear war. On ternational Physicians for the Pre-
March 20, the same day the Nu- vention of Nuclear War, held its
clear Freeze Campaign strategy first annual conference. The Soviet
conference began at Georgetown delegation to the meeting in Vir-
241
 ginia included Brezhnev's personal
physician, Evgenny Chazov. But
the head of the delegation was not a
physician at all. He was none other
than Georgi Arbatov, the Interna-
tional Department operative, one
of the masterminds of the Active
Measures campaign.
The cold war was entirely the
fault of the United States, accord-
ing to Arbatov. America started it
by dropping an atomic bomb on
Hiroshima. The Russians have al-
ways believed, declared Arbatov,
that the first atomic bomb was
aimed as much at them as at the
Japanese. New weapons will not
enhance the security of anyone, Ar-
batov argued. America should
spend its money on the needy, the
underfed, the starving; not on
arms. According to the Toronto
Star, the assembly rewarded Arba-
tov with "thunderous applause."
Following the Georgetown and
Virginia conferences, the U.S.
Peace Council arranged for a
World Peace Council delegation,
with Romesh Chandra at the fore-
front, to tour American cities. The
appearance most beneficial to them
was on Capitol Hill where, in
May, Representatives John Con-
yers, Jr., Don Edwards, Mervyn
Dymally, George Crockett, Jr.,
Ted Weiss and Mickey Leland
invited colleagues to meet and lis-
ten to the WPC delegates. Whether
or not the delegation's lobbying in
behalf of Soviet interests affected U.S. Peace Council. Provance earli-
asea0WQbtZQdnyE3 R,*MggA49P&PRaIP91 P)iieagainst the B-1
dial welcome Chandra and his (Continued on page 247)
colleagues received at the Capitol
lent them a useful measure of
respectability as bona-fide seekers
of peace.
Continuing organizational ef-
forts orchestrated from Moscow re-
sulted in a series of conferences at
which assorted peace and allied
special-interest groups planned
specific actions. The strategy that
emerged envisioned a rising furor
of demonstrations, agitation and
propaganda against the European
missiles and new U.S. weapons and
in favor of the nuclear freeze
proposed by Brezhnev. Various
leaders repeatedly emphasized the
necessity of rounding up "newly
aroused individuals and constitu-
encies" so, as one put it, "the
demonstrations would not appear
to be a primarily 'peace movement'
event."
Other Goals of "Peace"
THE IDEA of a nuclear freeze was
not new in the United States. It had
been advanced two years earlier at a
convention of the Mobilization for
Survival (MFS), composed of three
dozen or so organizations, includ-
ing the U.S. Communist Party, the
U.S. Peace Council, and Women
Strike for Peace. One energetic
leader of the Mobilization for Sur-
vival is Terry Provance, a World
Peace Council activist who in 1979
participated in the founding meet-
ing of its American branch, the
 Approved For Release 2006/05/25: CIA-RDP84B00049R0
bomber and then became coordina-
tor of the disarmament program of
the American Friends Service
Committee.
When the freeze campaign re-
vived in ty8i, MSFS sponsored a
strategy conference attended by
representatives of some 46 peace
and disarmament factions and held
in Nyack, N.Y., the weekend of
October 23 to 25. Provance, who
had spoken at a disarmament rally
in West Germany earlier in the
year, discussed plans for high-pro-
file Europeans active in the disarm-
ament movement to come to the
United States in ensuing months to
stimulate the American movement.
Conference participants were told
that the months ahead would be "a
key time to organize local public
meetings and/or demonstrations,"
demanding a "suspension of all
U.S. plans to deploy Pershing II
and cruise missiles."
The action agenda adopted
called for support of the nuclear
freeze, solidarity with the Europe-
an peace movement, "creative,
dramatic actions" against large
corporations, propaganda against
both nuclear arms and nuclear
power, and attempts to attract
more followers by blaming social
ills on "the military budget."
Two weeks.later agent Chandra
flew to New York to confer with
American communist leaders and
attend a conference of the U.S.
Peace Council, which attracted rep-
resentatives from a melange of
peace, religious and radical organi-
zations. Chandra and Achim
Maske of the West German peace
movement both implored the
Americans to redouble agitation to
block the Pershing II and cruise
missiles. As a pattern for their lob-
bying, Chandra commended recent
pronouncements of Brezhnev's.
Congressman Savage spoke
about how to induct blacks and
other minorities into the disarma-
ment drive. Congressman Conyers
exhorted the activists to rally be-
hind efforts to transfer funds from
the defense budget to welfare pro-
grams. The executive director of
the U.S. Peace Council, Michael
Myerson, a longtime communist
functionary, asserted that the U.S.
Peace Council had a unique re-
sponsibility to fuse the cause of
disarmament with that of the Pal-
estine Liberation Organization and
guerrillas in El Salvador, Guatema-
la, Chile and South Africa.
On November 15, 1981, the day
the U.S. Peace Council gathering
ended, the Riverside Church in
New York opened a conference on
"The Arms Race and Us." Serving
as host and hostess were the Rev.
William Sloan Coffin and Cora
Weiss, whom he engaged as the
Riverside Church disarmament-
program director.
During the Vietnam war Weiss
was a leader of Women Strike for
Peace. A Congressional study char-
acterized Women Strike for Peace
as "a pro-Hanoi organization"
which from its inception "has en-
joyed the complete support of the
247
 THE KGB'S Al.4GICAL ft4R FOR "PEACE:" 249
Approved For Release 2006/05/25: CIA-RDP84B0004
Communist Party." Even while the
fighting continued, Weiss traveled
to both Hanoi and Paris to consult
with the North Vietnamese. Subse-
quently she became a director of
Friendshipment, established to
funnel American aid to Vietnam
after the communist victory, In
1976, she joined a coalition formed
to stage anti-government demon-
strations during the bicentennial
celebrations. Weiss also has helped
sponsor the Center for Cuban Stud-
ies, a group to which Fidel Castro
personally expressed his apprecia-
tion on its tenth anniversary.
About 50o disarmament propo-
nents from around the nation
attended the conference Weiss or-
ganized. A prominent new per-
Australian-born pediatrician Hel-
en Caldicott, did her best to instill
fear and loathing. "We are on the
brink of extinction," she warned.
While Caldicott had no criticism of
Soviet weapons, she likened the
christening of a U.S. Trident sub-
marine to christening "Ausch-
witz," to "a gas oven full of Jews
burning up."
Caldicott, who now devotes her-
self fully to running another peace
lobby, Physicians for Social Re-
sponsibility, did sound one positive
note. She had just toured Europe,
whipping up support for the freeze.
"It was a wonderful feeling to be
over there," she said, because "the
fear was palpable but realistic." By
contrast, she lamented, "the Amer-
icans seem to have no panic. Why?"
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 Approved For Release 2006/05/25: CIA-RDP84B0004
THE KGB'S ,ti1,1GiCAL WIR FOR "PEACE."
Caldicott concluded by quoting an
ecclesiastical appeal for unilateral
American disarmament.
Surely her words heartened KGB
officer Kapralov, who came up
from the Washington Residency to
participate in the start of the River-
side Church Disarmament Program.
Mobilization for Survival con-
vened its climactic strategy session
early last December on the campus
of the University of Wisconsin in
Milwaukee. Some of the MFS lead-
ers were frank in their statements
of tactics, strategy and goals. A staff
organizer from Boston, Leslie Ca-
gan, said that current expediency
necessitates a coalition that "makes
it easier to call out more people to
demonstrate." Construction of a
coalition with "diversity of compo-
sition," she explained, requires "a
common enemy as well as a com-
mon vision." As useful enemies,
Cagan cited President Reagan,
our military-industrial complex,
racism and sexism."
Mel King, a Massachusetts state
legislator active in both the World
Peace Council and the U.S. Peace
Council, demanded a more mili-
tant spirit. "We've been too damn
nice," he declared. "It's time we
stopped just getting mad and start-
ed getting even."
In workshops, allies of the revo-
lutionary Weather Underground
lobbied for terrorism in general,
"direct action" and "armed propa-
ganda" against installations in-
volved in production of nuclear
power and weapons. Lauded as
"genuine people's leaders" were
two convicts: Puerto Rican Rafael
Cancel Miranda, one of the four
terrorists who shot up the House of
Representatives, wounding five
Congressmen, and American Indi-
an Movement leader Leonard Pel-
tier, who killed two FBI agents
from ambush.
The business of the conference
included the practical planning of
1982 demonstrations at air bases,
missile sites and defense plants; the
formation of task forces to write
letters to newspapers and impor-
tune elected officials in behalf of the
nuclear freeze and against major
American weapons systems. The
Rev. Robert Moore, an MFS nation-
al staff member and a leader in the
Nuclear Freeze Campaign, togeth-
er with staff organizer Paul Mayer,
stressed the advantages of bringing
the campaign to a climax during
the U.N. Special Session on Disarm-
ament beginning in June.
Inverted Reality
THE WORLD PEACE COUNCIL in
the December 1981 issue of Peace
Courier happily reported that its
U.S. Peace Council was progressing
well in collecting signatures on pe-
titions advocating the nuclear
freeze, promoting a California ref-
erendum on the freeze, and adver-
tising the Jobs for Peace Campaign,
another plan to divert money from
defense to welfare.
The World Peace Council, its
parent, the International Depart-
ment, the KGB and the Politburo all
 Rosalyn Snitow,
Hemorrhoid Sufferer
"I'm sold on
Preparation-H.
There's nothing
like it to relieve
my pain itch
and swelling:"
Hemorrhoid sufferers know
Preparation-H, often gives tempo-
rary relief from pain and itch flare-
ups. Even helps shrink swelling
of inflamed hemorrhoidal tissues.
Use only as directed.
~~' ~f anw i rt ers from the
Iea*ej4 ftq 1 4B000 r1~ qff - we KGB Resi-
Even helps shrink swelling. I dency in New York concentrated
252
October
had ample grounds to be pleased.
Like the simple slogans of past
Soviet Active Measures, nuclear
freeze appealed to many Ameri-
cans who honestly desired to do
something about the transcendent
issue of war and peace. From the
East Coast to the West Coast, town
councils and county boards of su-
pervisors paused in their delibera-
tions about zoning, sewage systems
and school budgets to pass resolu-
tions favoring the nuclear freeze.
Nearly 6oo,ooo Californians peti-
tioned for a referendum to record
their state in favor of the freeze.
Prominent religious leaders, educa-
tors, scientists, artists, entertainers
and other public figures endorsed
the nuclear freeze. Helen Caldi-
cott's Physicians for Social Respon-
sibility toiled tirelessly to scare
people by pointing to the obvious-
wherever detonated, a nuclear
bomb would wreak horrendous
havoc.
On March 10, 1982, Senators Ed-
ward Kennedy and Mark Hatfield
introduced a resolution demanding
an immediate nuclear freeze, and
in the House of Representatives, a
parallel resolution was introduced.
Even if adopted, the resolutions
would be binding upon no one. But
they did significantly augment the
Soviet campaign to prevent the
I United States from producing the
weapons that would ensure a bal-
 Approved For Release
1982
much of its manpower upon the
freeze campaign. U.S. counter-
intelligence identified more than 20
Soviet agents endeavoring to influ-
ence elements of the peace move-
ment, particularly leaders in reli-
gion, labor and science.
Typical of them are KGB officers
Serget Paramonov, Vladimir Shus-
tov and Sergei Divilkovsky, all of
whom masquerade as diplomats at
the U.N. Paramonov, who partici-
pated in the inaugural meeting of
the Riverside Church disarmament
program, courts wives of clergy-
men and other women in the peace
movement. A charming profes-
sional, he entices the naive with free
trips to Moscow, suggesting they
can "reduce misunderstandings"
between America and Russia.
Shustov and Divilkovsky have
made numerous visits to Riverside
Church. And they have shown up
at other churches and meetings of
prestigious organizations con-
cerned with peace.
The Soviets supplemented the
labors of their New York and
Washington residencies by sending
people from the Center into the
United States on temporary assign-
ments. Even before the freeze
movement materialized, a Soviet
delegation including KGB officer
Andrei Afanasyevich Kokoshin
toured the United States, visiting
Americans who were to be promi-
nent in the campaign. Another del-
egation led by Nikolai Mostovets,
who heads the North American
(Continued on page 258)
io -aj Pollen from grass,
Primatene' Mist restores free
breathing in as fast as 15 seconds.
' attack. Be
4 it ' ?'i prepared with
Primatene Mist. it's the fastest
type relief known for occasional
attacks. It restores free breathing
in as fast as 15 seconds.
And to keep breathing freely
for hours use
Primatene Tablets,
with the asthma
reliever doctors
prescribe most.
Use as
directed.
can trigger a
 Kingpins of the drug world trusted Theo
as a tough, reliable link in their trade. Ac-
tually, he was a government agent in the
middle of a multimillion-dollar sting. Con-
densed from Rolling Stone.
Watch for these and more than 30 other
eleas 006/05125-;-CIA-.kDPE (OtQ49'tO-O'116166q6n1'
section of the International Depart-
ment, plotted strategy with the U.S.
Peace Council. .
Of the Soviets who applied for
visas to attend a disarmament con-
ference sponsored by the National
Academy of Sciences in Washing-
ton in January 1982, roughly half
were known intelligence officers.
The State Department refused en-
try to most of them. Nevertheless,
of those who came, almost half
were co-opted KGB agents or Inter-
CQR~It~C
national Department operatives.
One of the Soviet "scientists"
was Vitaly Zhurkin who, back in
the i96os, when agent Chandra
was being groomed in New Delhi,
used to give money and orders
to the Indian Communist Party.
In anticipation of a massive
nuclear-freeze rally on June 12,
1982, emissaries from 13 Soviet
international fronts flooded into
New York City. They joined more
than 700,ooo Americans who pa-
"SOMEBODY HELP ME-I DON'T KNOW
HOW TO FLY!"
Suddenly, Janet Gravely's husband
slumped over in their small plane. Some-
how, she would have to land the aircraft
on her own. A Drama in Real Life.
GAMES THAT PLAY PEOPLE
Otherwise sane individuals are showing
signs of mania. And what is that peculiar
clicking heard across the land? It's the
sound of 20 billion quarters pouring into
the metallic maws of arcade video games.
Condensed from Time,
HOW LIFE ON EARTH BEGAN
~'
The Bible says that God breathed life into
clay
Scientists are just be
innin
to lea
.
g
g
rn
how close to the truth that is.
OPERATION GROUPER
sl 158
 Approved For Release 2006/05/25: CIA-RDP84B0004
1982 THE. K(;R'S ~M IGIC'.11. WIN FOR 'TIi,1Cli '
raded and spoke out for peace. annihilate U.S. missiles in a first
The following week the Soviet strike. Instead, they demonstrated
Union staged a terrifying rehearsal againstprojected American missiles,
of a surprise nuclear attack on the bombers and submarines whose de-
United States and Western Europe. ployment would more than any-
In it span of seven hours, they fired thing else ensure that the Soviets
land- and sea-based missiles de- never will dare launch the kind of
signed to kill American satellites, surprise attack for which they prac-
destroy U.S. retaliatory power, ticed last June.
obliterate American cities and wipe While the demonstrations pro-
out Europe. The firings, over Sovi- cecded in Europe and the United
et territory and waters, exactly States, seven young European tour-
duplicated wartime distances and ists--a Belgian, two Spaniards, two
trajectories, and produced shock Frenchmen and two Italians- -at-
among those monitoring them in tempted a tiny demonstration in
Washington. Never before had Moscow. On April 19,i982, in Red
there been such a realistic and corn- Square, they unfurled a banner say-
prehensive practice for starting it ing in Russian, "Bread, Life and
nuclear war. Disarmament." Instantly, the KGB
There has been no great outcry seized them and carted them to jail
against these ominous Soviet prep- before they could pass out a single
arations. Neither has there been leaflet in behalf of peace. On Au-
any outcry against the relentless gust 8, 1982, the Associated Press
Soviet buildup of offensive nuclear reported from Moscow: "A co-
weapons. founder of Moscow's only independ-
In Europe demonstrators did not ent disarmament group is being
protest against the ;t5 new Rttssian administered depressant drugs
missiles that can incinerate all ELI- against his will in the psychiatric
ropean cities in 20 minutes. Instead, hospital where he is tieing held, his
they protested against the 572 wife said today." And at Harvard,
weapons that NA'I'o plans to em- students and faculty reserved some
place to defend Western Europe. In of their loudest applause for a
America the demonstrators did not spokesman from the KGB, a man
protest against the 1400 interconti- from the Luhvanka Center.
nental missiles aimed at America, Once again, the KGB had suc-
many of which are designed to' ceeded in inverting reality.
9lipht Line. A friend of mine taking sky divers tip in his plane hit sonic
turbulence and went into a dive. He quickly regained control and said to
the passengers, "(;lose, wasn't it?" Getting no reply, he turned around.
There was nobody there. -contributed by M. Scott
259