LETTER FROM MICROGRAPHIX SERVICES, INC.

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP84-00780R004200230002-1
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: K
• Document Page Count: 21
• Document Creation Date: December 19, 2016
• Document Release Date: May 11, 2006
• Sequence Number: 2
• Publication Date: June 1, 1971
• Content Type: MF

Approv
. UNCLASSIFIED I I CONFIDENTIAL I I SECRET
OFFICIAL ROUTING SLIP
Director for Support 7D26 HQS
Deputy UNCLASSIFIED CONFIDENTIAL
FORM NO. 237 Use previous ditions
1-67 237
t4 J4 ~, 1,2,4,5,6,8, and 1
FO ERE TO RETURN TO SENDER
FROM: NAME, ADDRESS AND PHONE NO. -A-E
1June 71
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DD/S 71-2127
1 JUN 1971
MEMORANDUM FOR: Director of Central Intelligence
SUBJECT : Letter from Micrographix Data Services, Inc.
1. This memorandum is for your information only.
2. On 24 May 1971 you received a copy of a letter from James
Stefanopoulos, Vice President for Marketing Micrographix Data Ser-sTAT
vices, Inc., addressed t J Deputy Chief, Printing Ser-
vices Division. Mr. Stefanopou os e er attached at Tab A) was critical
of the Agency, and you requested information as to what this was all about.
3. Printing Services Division, in its quest for new technical informa-
tion and advancements in the printing and associated industries, learned of
a new system of litho printing from microfilm which had been developed by
Micrographix Data Services, Inc. herefore wrote to Micro ST T
graphix Data Services, Inc., on 2 April (copy attached at Tab B) in-
dicating our interest in this development and requesting information on the
methods used in this process.
4. To date he has not received an answer to his letter although the copy
of the letter you received would indicate that the original had been sent to
T
enclosing a copy of an article from the January 1971 issue of~i e
I
erican Opinion Magazine A copy of this article received from Mr
Joseph Goodwin, is attached at Tab C.
5. I would not propose that we attempt to answer Mr. Stefanopoulos'
letter .
3 Atts
Att A: Mr. Stefanopoulos' letter
Att B : letter
Att C: The American Opinion article
n o
eputy Director
for Support
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 Ap
UNCLASSIFIED CONFIDENTIAL
02
SECRET
OFFICIAL ROUTING SLIP
TO
NAME AND ADDRESS
DATE
INITIALS
1
The Director 2 4
MAY 1971
2
The Exenut e Director 2i 5
AY 7971
3
DD/S -2
MAY 1971
4
5
6
V
ACTION
DIRECT REPLY
PREPARE REPLY
APPROVAL
DISPATCH
RECOMMENDATION
COMMENT
FILE
RETURN
CONCURRENCE
INFORMATION
SIGNATURE
Remarks :
FOLD HERE TO RETURN TO SENDER
FROM: NAME, ADDRESS AND PHONE NO. DATE
UNCLASSIFIED CONFIDENTIAL SECRET
(40)
FORM NO. 231 Use previous editions
1-67 G
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May 14, 1971
Deputy Chief
Printing Services Division
Central Intelligence Agency
Washington, D.C. 20505
At first, I felt the best way to handle your letter to MicrographiX,
dated April 29, 1971, requesting information about our capabilities with
micropublishing, was to simply ignore your inquiry. But this tact began
to rankle me, as I will try to make clear to you in short order.
I consider the Central Intelligence Agency to be an organization bent on
the destruction of the sovereignty of The United States of America; not
its preservation. When even the New York Times newspaper as far back as
February 1967, expresses shock in the discovery of the CIA's surreptitious
role of bankrolling radical students (National Student Association and
The International Union of Socialist Youth, for example), journalists
and researchers through such a radical outfit as the American Newspaper
Guild, then it is time to sit up and take notice.
I have, therefore, taken pains to provide you with as convincing background
material as I can find to explain my position. inclosed is the January 1971
issue of The American Opinion magazine. Beginning on page 49 there is
an article on the Central Intelligence Agency: NO INTELLIGENCE, A Worried
Look At The C.I.A.
Please read it. If there are any errors of fact in the article, would
you be kind enough to let me know? Or if the information, no matter how
accurate, is used to misrepresent the CIA's function, I hope you will
make the effort to explain this tcxzmae and convince me otherwise.
Until then, Iould just as soon have nothing to do with the CIA.
Rasp*ctfull 7", 009
Jf
James Stef apl pouf
Vicest eni-arketing
er
Enclosure.- Am6fican Opinion January 1971
cc: Mr. Richard M. Helms
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~' ~rZ IV G ~ ~
Mr. Richard M. Helms
Central Intelligence Agency
Washington, D.C. 20505
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29 April 1971
Micro-Graphix
Data Services, Inc.
250 Carew Tower
Cincinnati, Ohio 45202
Pear Sirs:
Recently, I was told that your organization had developed a
system of litho printing from microfilm in a form of 25 pages on
each side of an 8 1/2" x 11" sheet. These images, I understand, are
of a size and quality that permit good legibility.
I am interested in this type of development and would appre-
ciate any information you could send, particularly samples of the
micro-litho printing and some idea of the methods used.
.Any information may be sent to the address below. Thank
Sincerely,
l
51
epu y i
Printing Services Division
Central Intelligence Agency
Washington, D. C. 20505
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IM} R7-Clir?_ OI'a. CCON
Jan 19'(1
A,WNorrxed Look At The C.I.A.
Frank A. Capell is a professional intelli-
gence specialist of almost thirty years'
standing. He is Editor and Publisher of
the fortnightly newsletter, The 11 crald Of
Freedom, has contributed to such impor-
taut national magazines as The Review Of
The News, and is author of Robert P.
Kennedy -- A Political Biography, The
Untouchables, and other books of inter-
est to Conservatives. Mr. Capell appears
frequently on radio and television, lectures
widely, and never fears controversy.. Ile
lives in New Jerse),, is an active Cath-
olic layman, and father of seven sons.
D THE Central Intelligence Agency was
established in 1947 after its wartime
predecessor, the Office of Strategic Serv-
ices (O.S.S.), was exposed as thoroughly
infiltrated by the Communists. Let us
examine some of that O.S.S. personnel.
In 1948, former Communist spy Eliza-
beth Bentley appeared as a witness before
the House Committee oil. Un-American
Activities. On Page 529 of the formal
report of those Hearings is the record of
Miss Bentley's testimony about intelli-
gence she received from Comrades inside
O.S.S. while she was operating as a Soviet
courier:
All types of information were
given, highly secret information on
what the O.SS was. doing, such as,
for example, that they were trying
to make secret negotiations with
governments in the Balkan bloc in
case the war enclccl, that they were
parachuting people into Hungary,
that they were sending OSS people
into Turkey to _ operate in the
Balkans, and so on. The fact that
General Donovan [head of O.S.S.]
was interested it, having an ex-
change between the NKVL' [the,
Soviet secret police] and the OSS.
That's right, O.S.S. and the N.P.V.D.
were working very close indeed.
When asked what kind of information
Communist O.S.S. operative Maurice
Halperin gave her to be forwarded to the
Soviet Union, Miss Bentley testified:
"Well, in addition to all the information
which OSS was getting on Latin America,.
he had access to the cables which the OSS
was getting in from its agents abroad,'
worldwide information of various sorts,
and also the OSS had an agreement with
the State Department whereby he also
could see State Department cables on
vital issues.".Halperin was Chief of the tively engaged in espionage for the Soviet
O.S.S. Latin American Division at the Union.
time when, as Miss Bentley has sworil, he. When questioned under oath before
was one of her contacts in a Soviet Congressional Committees, Milton Wolff
espionage ring. Of the O.S.S. took the Fifth Amendment
Carl Aldo Marzani was Chief of the rather.' than admit his past and present
Editorial Section of the O.S.S. Marzani membership in the Conllminist Party. He,
has been several. times identified under like O.S.S. Comrade Fajans, had been a
oath as a member of the Communist member of the Abraham Lincoln Brigade
Party. Using the most highly classified mid fought with the Communists in
information, he supervised the making of Spain. After the War he became National
charts on technical reports for higher echo- Commander of a Communist Front called
Ions of the Army, the Navy, the Joint the Veterans of the Abraham Lincoln
Chiefs of Staff, and the O.S.S: Comrade
Marzani made policy decisions and was a
liaison officer between the Deputy Chief
of Staff of the Army and the Office of
the Undersecretary of War.
When questioned before a Congres-
,
Fajans of O.S.S.
sional took the 'ConunittFifthee, Amendment ment rather than Jane Foster Zlatovsky was an identi-
admit to his Communist Party member- fined Soviet agent, married to a well-
ship and long history of activities on known Communist who had fought for ,
behalf of the Soviets. Comrade Fajans the Communists in Spain. She was none-
was a key O.S.S. operative despite the? theless recruited by Q.S.S., and while in a
fact that lie was known to have been a key position supplied top secret informa-
member of the Communist Party and to tion to Soviet Intelligence. On June 8,
have served in the Communists' Abraham ' 1957, a federal Grand Jury in New York
Lincoln Brigade in Spain during the years indicted Mrs. Zlatovsky and her husband
1937-1938. on charges of espionage for the Soviet
Robert Talbott Miller Ill was another Union. As is so often the. case when our
contact of Soviet courier Elizabeth Pent- government finally decides to prosecute,
ley. An O.S.S. employee assigned'to the the defendants were permitted to slip out
State Department, he was Assistant Chief of the . country. The indictment against
in the Division of Research. On a trip to the Zlatovskys showed they had turned
Moscow, Comrade Miller married a mein- over to Soviet agents important U.S.
bcr of the staff of the Moscow News. defense secrets, including the names and
Leonard E. Mins, a writer who had backgrounds of anti-Communists in the
worked for the International Union of American intelligence services.
Revolutionary Writers in Moscow and Exactly how many such Communists
written for New Masses, was also on the and Soviet agents were in key positions in
staff of the top secret O.S.S. Comrade the O.S.S. is unlikely ever to become
Mins took the Fifth Amendment rather public. Elizabeth Bentley testified that
than deny his past and present member- there were at least two other Soviet
ship in the Communist Party. Ile refused espionage rings operating within the U.S.
to deny that he was.a Soviet agent even as Government which were never exposed.
of the day he was questioned by a
Congressional Committee.
Philip Kecney of O.S.S. was treasurer
of the Committee for a Democratic Far
Eastern Policy, a cited Communist Front
which was active in promoting Comm-
nism in China. Both Keeney and his wife,
Mary Jane, invoked the Fifth Anlend-
ment wvlien questioned about their many
Communist activities. Philip Keeney was
chief researcher for the United States
Coordinator of Information, assigned to
the O.S.S.
Donald Wheeler of O.S.S. was another
Communist underground contact identi-
fled by Elizabeth Bentley as being ac-
Brigade.
George S. Wuchinich of O.S.S. was
also identified in sworn testimony before
Congressional Committees as. a member
.of the Communist Party. Given the op-
he too took the
portunity to deny it
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 %iiiat 1J 1.11vw? 1a uint, v1I.:,i uw urn i,y I plains were already being made Wider the The U.t.A. not only belled Castro to
infiltrated O.S.S. was dissol e. ?,5.5. ta_ cd ry efft;rt ;Y-'
eve
ash 103 1 iii ~ ,~i k ~#OO ~~ 3 0 ~
~
1
b
~ ~
c
t
r
t
employees went Lit e r t
r planner who had engineered the success- Cuban patriots to win back their country.
Intelligence Ag iicy.
Lyle Munson, an anti-Communist who
served in both the O.S.S. and the C?J.A.,
has observed; that the American public
"has logically assumed th^f the opera- -
tional arm of the C.I.A. was a hard-hitting
and- militantly anti-communist organiza-
tion, since the only avowed enemies of
this country are the communists." This,
he tells its, - "has proved to be a tragic
misconception," the truth being that "[lie
operational arm of the C.I.A. has been
the haven for more left-of-center
dreamers, social climbers, draft-dodgers,
do-gooders, one-wonders and anti-anti-
comniunists than any other single depart-
ment or agency in Washington."
Little is revealed about the actual
structure of C.I.A. The Director and
Deputy Director of the Central Intelli-
gence Agency are appointed by the Presi-
dent with the advice and consent of the
Senate. Coordinating the intelligence
activities of the several government dc-
partnients and agencies, the C.I.A.
operates as an.arm of the National Secu-
rity Council, now under the thumb of
Henry A. Kissinger. The United States
Goverrunent Organizational Manual de-
scribes its official duties as follows:
1. Advises the National Security
Council in matters concerning Stich
intelligence activities . . . as relate
to national security. 2. Makes
reconnmenclations to the National
Security Council for the coordina-
-tion of such intelligence activi-
ties .... 3. Correlates and ev/rltt-
ales intelligence relating to the na-
tiollal Seelrr?ity, and provides for the
appropriate disseminalion of such
intelligence within the Govern-
ment .... 4. Performs, for the
benefit of the existing intelligence
agencies, such additional services of
common concern as the National
Security Council determines... .
S. Pei forms such other functions
and duties related .to intelligence
affecting the national security as
the National Security Council may
from time to tittle direct.
All of which sounds rattler vague. It is
supposed to. A look at some specifics
over the last decade may prove more
enlightening.
When the Eisenhower Administration
gave way to that of John F. Kennedy,
fill overthrow of the Communist Govern-
ment of Guatermla, to organize an in-
vasion of Cuba and oust the Communist
regime of Fidel Castro. The Cuban opera-
tior;? was taken out of Wiilauer's hands
without explanation and turned over to
William Bissell, an intimate of White
I-louse advisor McGeorge -Bundy. The
result was orchestrated disaster at the Bay
of Pigs. The C.I.A. Insiders who had
assisted Castro in capturing Cuba in the
first place were no-o fully in control.
They were immediately successful in
sabotaging the invasion and formally
securing their man in Havana. It was the
culmination of a move dating back to the
first efforts of subversives at C.I.A. to
eliminate Cuban President Fulgencio
Batista by assassination.
Early C.I.A. involvement in the sellout
of Cuba is. described by Cuba authority
John Martino in his highly informative
book I Was Castro's Prisoner. There Mr.
Martino reports as follows:
In addition to being ultra-liberal
in their political thinking; some
CIA men were implicated in a series
of conspiracies to murder President
Betistct, supposedly a friend of the
United States, and to overthrow his
regime. There was a scandalous
-involvement of this Sort in the
so-called Cienfuegos Naval Conspir-
acy, an assassination plot against
the Cuban Chief Executive.
.. , a CIA elan named Earl It'il-
licinson met with some of Fidel
Castro's agents and supporters at
the Retrro Oclontologico, a dentists'
building. Without the knowledge or
approval of American Ambassador
Smith, Williamson stated that the
United States would recognize the
Castro Government as soon as the
Rebels overthrew I atista. There
was also some discussion of the
arms which the CIA was giving
Castro Surreptitiously.
Williamson's remarks were re-
corded on tape and given unoffi-
cially to Ambassador Earl E.T.
Smith.
American Ambassador Smith had
Iiarnson sent home, but his machinations
on behalf of a Communist takeover of
Cuba were apparently a part of his job as
he continued in C.I.A. service within the
State Department and was sent to Madrid
i
and then to San Jose, Costa Rica, where
he is now operating. .
Again, John Martino comments:
The abandonment of the Cubun
tend er~;rou nd Wray have been the
result of cumulative blunders, but,
to the Cubans in prison and the
Cubans abroad, it 'had the reek of
treason. A thorough investigation
of-what happened would seem to
be an elementary act of justice
toward those who died because of
what the CIA did and because of
what the CIA failed to do.
Ilaynes Johnson, author of The Bay
Of Pigs, also concludes that responsibility
for the sellout of Cuba must rest with the
Central Intelligence Agency. He says the
betrayal at the Bay of Pigs was so
carefully. arranged that later there was no
way for Cubans drawn into the project to
prove they had been promised anything
at all. "In American terminology," John-
son says, "they were left holding the
bag." Martino confirms this from his
interviews with fellow prisoners inside
Castro's political prisons:
...I learned about the then
who were supposed to have been
alerted by the CIA so they could
leave Ilavana immediately before
the i wasion and proceed stealthily
to the Escambray Mountains, there
to organize guerrilla war fare. There
were only two things wrong with
this operation. ? They were never
told that the invasion was conning
and somebody, presumably some-
body inside the CIA, betrayed the
names of these Cubans to. the G-2.
The result was wholesale execu-
tions.. In one instance, three
brothers were shot. -
Another instance. A mcmr had
been dropped.into Cuba by the CIA
to organize an underground. Ile
recruited a guerrilla band and went
into action. Then his radio contact
with the United States evaporated
into thin air. Ile was given no
orders, no arms, no supplies, no
contacts with other groups. Isblaiecd
in a hostile police stale, lie tried to
encourage his men to rely on
prayer. Ile too was captured.
The same modus operencli was used
shortly after World War II when anti-Com-
munist Albanians were "supported" by
C.I.A. in efforts to free that country from
the Communists. The mastermind of the
Albanian betrayal was Kini Philby, who
had been assigned by the British to help
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 rim-Ca orgaiiiZC .ip Elie CC'}l1111"~ ^"^?"
libencc A enc N;as at [19g, ~ratl~t e se S 1` OR
g Y { h p r 1~ II ltrrc a
in a joint British American project to bring riving regularly in the capital's
about a general uprising behind the Iron port
.. .
Curtain. Philthy, later revealed to have been
.a Soviet agent, was selected by C.I.A. to
coordinate the operation.
In the summer of 1949 a "committee
of free Albanians" was formed in Italy, and
jn the spring of 1950 they were shipped in
small groups through Greece and over the
mountains into Albania. Kini Philby had
drafted detailed plans whereby some were
to go to their homes, others to designated
points of rendezvous. Within a month,
half of the infiltrators were either killed
or captured. Those who sheltered them
were butchered.
A few of these, operatives managed to
escape back over the mountains to
Greece, knowing they had been betrayed
but not knowing that Soviet agents in
C.I.A. had seen to it that the Communists
had advance knowledge of their every
move. The technique of encouraging ail up
rising and then withdrawing support has
been used again and again to identify and
destroy enemies of the Communists. The
people of Hungary, East Berlin, Poland,
and Czecho-Slovakia -- all spurred to
premature revolt by promises of Amer-
ican aid which was never forthcoming -
are only too well aware of how C.I.A.
cooperates in such efforts.
The pro-Communist bias of the Cen-
tral Intelligenco Agency is even more
obvious in the role it played in the
assassination of anti-Communist President
Rafael Trujillo of the Dominican. Repub-
lic. As Norman. Gall revealed in "How
Trujillo Died," an amazing admission
against interest which appeared several
years ago in the "Liberal" New Republic:
771e assassination of the Domin-
ican Republic's Rafael L. Trujillo
was carried out . with assistance
from the U.S. Central Intelligence
Agency. Arms for. . . slaying...
the 69-year-old dictator ... were
smuggled by CIA into the country
at the request of the assassins,.
according to highly qualified
sources I intervietived in Santo
Domingo shortly after the collapse
of fhe Trujillo rule.
The CIA began shipping guns to
the Dominican Republic in late
1960....
The key link between the assas-
sins and the CIA in the awns ship-
ment was a 1011g-trine American
Civilian resident of Ciudad Trujillo
... who operated a supermarket in
a fashionable neighborhood where
Trujillo also lived ... .
Weapons were imported in small
parts, to be assembled later by the
Arturo Espaillat explains in Trujillo:
The -Last Caesar. that "The arrival of
weapons from the . Government of the
United States was, for the plotters, tan-
gible evidence that the might of the
United States was behind there. Without
that support there would simply have
been no conspiracy. Trujillo had put
together. a powerful political-military
machine which could only have been
destroyed by intervention from the out-
side. world." And the State Department
had decreed that Rafael Trujillo, our
most reliable anti-Communist ally in the
Caribbean, must die. The C.I.A. did the
job.
It also arranged to do the job when the
Diems of Sbuth Vietnaiii were no longer
useful. In fact the Reverend Paul D.
Lindsironl of the "Remember The Pueblo
Committee" has determined from a higll-
ranking-government source that a C.I.A.
official involved in setting up the recent
Green Beret assassination case was also
neck deep in the 1963 execution of the
Diem brothers. This C.I.A. officer was, in
fact, identified as a Soviet espionage
agent by Colonel blichal Goleniewski, a
top defector from Polish Intelligence, in
hearings before a C.I.A. review board.
The Goleniewski case is a fascinating
one. The Colonel had been cooperating
with the United States by supplying
information from behind the Iron Cur-
tain. When his own information began
coming back to him in his capacity as a
high official of the Communist Secret
Police, he realized he would soon be
exposed and . escaped from Warsaw, via
Berlin, to the United States.
Shortly after his arrival in this coun-
try, Goleniewski was scheduled for a
debriefing conference with the C.I.A.
When he entered the room lie recognized
one of the C.I.A. agents present as an
Pft2W2 O012'hc same category." Be
identified several hundred K.G.13. opera-
tives in Europe and the United Kingdom
- including such top agents as George
Blake, John Vassall, Israel Beer, Gordon
Lonsrlale, and Still Wennerstroenl. All
were important figures in . the Soviet
espionage apparat. The Europeans were
prosecu`ed by their governments; the
Americans were not.
Vaba ITesti Sona, a New York foreign
language newspaper; carried a most re-
vealing article concerning Colonel Golen-
iewski in its issue for March 5, 1964. The
following excerpt was translated for our
use by the Library of Congress on
November 6, 1970:
undercover operative for the Communists
and, under a pretext, refused to talk.
There was plenty to say - but to whom?
It was Goleniewski who exposed an
American Embassy official in Warsaw
who had been a Soviet agent for eighteen
years. This man was Edward Symarns.
Yet, in spite of his exposure, Syrfians was
not prosecuted but allowed to retire on a
federal pension. Edward Sym ns was an
agent of C.I.A.
Colonel Goleniewski disclosed the
presence. of nineteen Americans working
in important capacities for the Soviet
Secret Police - twelve in the State
Department, at least four in C.I.A., and
three in U.S. scientific laboratories "with
Fortner Polish intelligence man
Alichal Golenicivski, who together
with This German-born v'ife defected
to the West and since 1961 has
resided in the USA, has given US
authorities valuable information
about Russian espionage ngnfllst the
USA. In closed hearings of the
Special Congressional Committee
oh Tuesday, lie gave mote new and
sensational information while ex-
posing fora, US diplomats.... The
diplomats retained responsible posi-
tions at the embassies and the State
Department, and their "contribu-
tion" has been used by Moscow for
several years ....
Goleniewski has givers the names
of. . . secret communists who suc-
ceeded in obtaining responsible
'positions in US Government agen-
cies. Some of them are even em-
ployed in intelligence. One ... was
a CIA worker. . . on duty in
Vienna. Ile managed to give 1.2
million dollars to the Communist
parties in the USA, Italy, and else-
where from the phoney assigned for
US counter-intelligence. Ile [Golen-
iewski] further disclosed the names
of three scientists who are working
for the benefit of Russian, espio-
nage. Supposedly there are many
more such scientists, but he did not
know their names. `
Russian KGB, (NKVD) meets
have successfully infiltrated many
US embassies. Only the FBI is not
infiltrated by coinmhhn1st agents,
according to Goleniewski, or if
there are any there, their names are
not known to him.
After questioning Goleniewski
the Special Congressional Commit-
tee. hurriedly took the necessary
steps and ordered an investigation
of about 300 persons employed by
the diplomatic services .... Golen-
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 ic~.vski lies... accused the CIA of
concealing ilie factAP-prKDit+e kl -Rel
maiS' and officials were working for
the benefit of the KGB ....
That Colonel Michal Colonic wOi.
knew- what he was talking about is be-
yond question." Certainly C.I.A. support
of Communist interests is so shockingly
aggressive that even American "Liberals"
have been known to find it offensive.
In February of 1967, for instance, the
New York Times expressed shock at
revelations that the C.I.A. had been
World Federalists, a group openly aced j Rau 110 nne,ttwll u, lir,:I?ralu,ug c?nraUL
~ ~C106~1}511 strt(rq g~~ i r1 e~ bR ' } ' } 9o-ceded wiions': in the
sovcreionty admitted that by 19u the ?a're ri t at are currently headed
C.I.A. was putting 560,000 per year into * he said, by Aleksanclr Shelpin, former
"
the operation through one of its "dum-
my" conduits, the Gotham Foundation
of New York. This money was in turn
.funneled into unions representing Mem-
bers of the public bureaucracy at all levels
in governments throughout the world -
especially in Africa and Latin America.
Given Zander's commitment to the Far
'Left, the purpose of this operation is
entirely too obvious. As we shall see, the
man who cleared these funds inside C.I.A.
was a former president' and founder of
the United World Federalists.
The International Confederation. of
Free Tracy. Unions at Brussels is another
group which has been on the take for
C.I.A. millions. This while its activities in
Algeria, 1ilal.i, Guinea, and Ghana were
lnstrlllnlentel in turning those countries
over to the Communists. 0,C), interna-
tional labor operative was Jay Lovestone
of the United States.* Ile Was a founder of
the Communist Party, U.S.A.., and editor
of the Party newspaper, The Communist.
Mr. Lovestone was a member of the
Central Executive Committee of the
Communist Party until his contention
that Comrade Trotsky was a better dis-
ciple. of Marx than Comrade Lenin re-
sulted in his "expulsion" from the Party
.I - permitting him to promote the "Marx-
ism of Trotsky without the stigma of
Party membership.
*See Imperial Agent, Guy Richards, Dcvin-
~ Adair, tvcv/ Ycrk, 1966.M _-.___ti.-.._._---____ ._..._
covertly financing' radical students, aca-
demics, research..rs, journalists, entire
businesses, and legal and labor organiza-
tions at home and abroad. It was revealed
in the New York Times for February 18,
1967, that literally millions of dollars,had
been channeled by C.I.A. through tax-free
foundations to. such radical Leftist organi-
ziitions as the National Student Associa-
tion, the International Union of Socialist
Youth, the International Confederation of
Free.Trade Unions at Brussels, the Amcri-
can Newspaper Guild, and others.
The international operations of the
American' Newspaper Guild, alone, were
financed by the C.I.A. to the tune of
millions. This is disturbing since the Guild
was thoroughly dominated by Continu-
nists throughout the Thirties and has
remained a force for radicalism in the
American mass media, It was organized
by Heywood Broun, described by Read-
er's Digest senior editor Eugene Lyons as
a "literary trigger man" for the Commu-
nists. Former General Secretary of the
Communist party Benjamin Gitlow testi-
fied under oath that "Blown was under-
stood by domestic Communists to be
carrying out Kremlin policies in the news-
paper unions."
The C.I.A, turned a million dollars
over to Charles A. Perlik Jr., secretary-
treasurer of the American Newspaper
Guild, who deposited it in a special
"international affairs fund." The Guild's
international activities are carried out by
the International Federation of Journal-
ists in Brussels, and the Inter-American
Federation of Working Newspapermen's
Organization in Panama City. The latter,
an organization which ignores anti-Com-
I monist journalists, received direct C.I.A.
grants totaling $1 million.
Beginning in 1958 the American
Federation of State, County and Munici-
pal Employees also fronted international
operations which were financed by, the
C.I.A. Arnold Zander, former president
of the Federation who subsequently be-
came president of the radical United
Thomas W. Braden, former assistant to C.I.A.
Director Allen W. Dulles, revealed to the New
York Times of May 8, 1967, that lie had turned
over sizable sums of C.I.A. money (nearly $2
million a year) directly to Jay Lovestone and
the Irving Brown. Ile also admitted
delivery ,of large sums from C.I.A. to.Walter and
Victor Reuther. At Victor Reuther's request,
Braden told the Times, "I went to Detroit one
morning and gave Walter $50,000 in So-dollar
bills. Victor spent the money, mostly in West
Germany ...... Walter Reuther responded by
revealing that Braden had tried to recruit Victor
,into ..Y.-
Con nienting on Lovestone's efforts
for the I.C.F.T.U. on behalf of the
Communist F.L.N. in Algeria, Hilaire -du
Berrier wrote in 1962: "When F.L.N.
control of Algeria results in the inevitable
consequences - Communist outflanking
of Europe, Red control of the Mediter-
ranean,.and a wave of racial violence that
will spread to the Near East - doubts qs
to Mr. Lovestone's break with Commu-
nism Will increase."
The C.I.A.-financed International Con-
federation of Free'Trade Unions finally
became so well known for what it is that
A.F.L.-C.I.O. President George Meany an-
nounced in February 1969 that he was
'-withdrawing affiliation. The New York
Times of February 21, 1969, reported he
gave as his reason that "tile A.F.L.-C.i.O.
chief of the Soviet political police.
It was in 1958, says the New York
Times, that the M.D. Anderson Founda-
tion of I louston bet an to receive funds
from such C.I.A. "slummy" conduits as
the Gotham Foundation, Borden Trust,
the Beacon Fund, the Price Fund, the
Tower Fund, Williford-Telford Fund, and
the San Miguel Fund. The amount re-
ceived just happened to match the
amount it passed on to the American
Fund For Free Jurists, Inc., a radical
group now called the American Council
for the International Commission of.
Jurists, whose principal officer is Eli
Whitney Debevoise, law partner of Fran-
cis T.P. Plimpton, U.S. Delegate to the
United Nations and an intimate of Adlai
Stevenson.
The hoblitzelle Foundation of Dallas,
Texas, one of whose trustees was Federal
Judge Sarah T. Ilughes who administered
the oath of office to President Johnson
following the assassination of President
Kennedy', began making major C.I.A.
grants in 1958 to the International Co-
operative Development Funds and the
Congress of Cultural Freedom. The latter
subsidized a Socialist magazine in Britain
called Encounter.
Another Texas foundation, the. I-lobby
Foundation of Houston, also received
money from C.I.A. fronts which it passed
along to designated radical group s. Mrs.
Oveta Culp I-lobby, chairman of the
foundation, was Secretary- of Health,
Education and Welfare in the Eisenhower
Administration. While in that post her
assistant was the wife of top C.I.A. man
-Thomas W. Braden. Among the organiza-
tions to which the Hobby Foundation
delivered C.I.A. money were the Amer-
ican Friends of the Middle East (S50,000
in 1963, $75,000 in 1964, and 550,000
in 1965), Fund for International Social
and Economic Education (550,000 in
1963, and 5100,000 in 1964 and 1965),
and the pro-Communist Foreign Policy
Association.
Two names emerged at the tints of the
"scandal" concerning all of this secret
C.I.A. financing which have loomed larger
on the national scene within the past year.
One was that of Sant Brown, who was in
1967 a "student spokesman" and chair-
man of tile supervisory board of the Na-
tional Student Association. Inc has since.
associated himself with the I'resiclential
campaign of Senator Iiugene IMAcCarthy
and was much publicized as the coordina-
tor of the pro-Communist "Vie tnn m Mora-
torillnt" who declared that "tire United
States is now the great imperial ist-a~gres-
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 sor I:ation oi.thC +. u aild rr^ l
~4prt va `'~ "t ' ~4; f0~f 1 `r 'E'f~~iRLr3f~ 4t't~~114 t 0042 3tD F1and his twin broil,^r
Vietcong victory. Br n rer a - Is& th e Communist Youth Festival ill llel Quentin,,asl ,
vard divinity student. When the. story i srnki, Finland, in 1962.. Through her ; on November 10, 1920. Their father, a
broke, he said he was "shocked at file ethi- efforts over a hundred young American career officer at the State De ~artment,
cal trap young men of great integrity were radicals wort recruited to attend the ? " I
placed in" b the C.I.A. Until the expose" was a well-known Liberal. Cord was
p Y Communist Vienna Festival, and before educated at St. Paul's School in Concord,
however, there . is no record that Sam the Helsinki Festival the group again New IIarnpshire, and graduated from Yale
i
t th
b
d
b
l
-
ou
e su
s
a
Brown ever comp
aine
dies which had for fifteen years been sup-
plied by C.I.A. to support the radical activ-
ities of the National Student Association
on whose supervisory board he served.
On February 14, 1967, U.P.I. reported
I,tliat since the early Fifties some $3
million dollars had been poured by C.I.A.
into the National Student Association. In
short, C.I.A. had picked up the tab for up
to eighty percent of N.S.A.'s expenses
recruited young teachers, la11yers, sclrol-
ars, linguists, and journalists to attend.
She described them as mostly "very
liberal Democrats." Which has got to be
the euphemism of the year.
The secrecy necessary for its opera-
tions has made C.LA..a perfect haven for
employing as well. as subsidizing subver-
sives. As the New York Times observed in
its issue for March 30, 1967:
.since 1952. This is the same National In the late 1940s and early
Student Association which during that 1950s diary liberals who 11,wished to
same period had urged that Communists seine their country founds in the
be allowed to teach in the public schools; CIA not only a personal larch, safe
condemned the maintenance by the U.S, from the onslaughts of nfcC'artliy-
Attorney General of a list of subversive ism, but also an opportunity. to
organizations; demanded that Communist bring to bear on the problems of
literature. be made available on campus to the cold war a realistic and liberal
college students and teachers; called for understanding of the pluralism of
abolition of the House Committee on elnelging countries.
Un-American Activities; rejoiced at the
Communist takeover of Algeria; urged
U.S. sponsorship of the admission of Red
China to the U.N.; extended hospitality
II at its 1962 convention to the C0nmlllunist
Party, U.S.A.; allowed distribution by
S.D.S. of Communist literature at the
1965 N.S.A. Congress; and, even de-
manded repeal of the Internal Security
Act. This is only a partial listing. The,
Communist causes pushed by N.S.A. with
that $3 million from the Central Intelli-
gence Agency would, if fully listed, fill
the next three pages.
Another "student spokesman" fi-
nanced by C.I.A. was Gloria Stein: nl,
now identified with the Cormnunist-
inspired Women's Liberation Movement.
Along with Comrades David Dellinger,
Arthur Kinoy, and Pete Seeger, she is
now a national sponsor of the Corn-
mittee To Defend the Panthers. Gloria,
however, was not "shocked" at the
idea of using C.I.A. money to support
radical causes. In fact she said that she
had welcomed it and worked gladly for
a C.I.A..-financed operation originally
called the - Independent Service for
Information on the Vienna Festival,
later renamed the Independence Re-
search Service. This outfit, had head-
quarters in Cambridge, Mas;aclusetts,
and concentrated on disseminating infor-
mation about the .' Communist Youth
Festival at Vienna in 1959.
Miss Steinenl continued as a full-time
Yes, American history' is replete with
examples of how "Liberals" afraid of
McCarthyism serve their country. They
are typified by the man at C.I.A. who was
in charge of covertly subsidizing N.S.A.
and a long list of other Leftist causes and
organizations. That man's name is Cord
Meyer Jr. lie has been described by the
New York Times as a "hidden liberal,"
submerged j or si-teen years "in the
anonymity of the Central Intelligence
Agency," but is said to be well known in
Washington's social and intellectual cir-
cles. The revelation of Cord Meyer's role
came as a surprise even to his friends, one
of whom- is quoted by the Times of
March 30, 1967, as observing: "He was
not the C.I.A. type. He was a world
government man." That friend -knew disarming the United States and merging
Meyer, all rid; rt, but he did not kno'+v
C.I.A. The Times acids that "at age 47,
Mr. Meyer seems no less dedicated to the
C.I.A. than to world federalism."
Cord Meyer's association with the Cen-
tral Intelligence Agency was first revealed
at the time of the Murder of his divorced
wife, Mary Pinchot Meyer, on October
13, 1964. The New York Times states
that this murder was never solved. The
Meyers had been divorced five years
earlier after the death of a son in "all
automobile accident." Meyer quickly
remarried.
in the Class of 1943. Later lie attended
Harvard. On April 19, 1915, he married
Mary Eno Pinchot, the wedding being
performed by the Revc:reird Reinhold
Niebullr, whose active participation in
Communist Fronts is well documented in
government records. Miss Pinchot's father,
Amos, was an active Leftist who had been
vice chairman of the Civil Liberties Bureau,
founded by such Comrades as Soviet spy
Agnes Smedley and Communist Elizabeth
Gurley Flynn. ller mother was chairman
of the super-radical Women's Peace Party
of New York- City.
While at Harvard on a Lowell Fellow-
ship, Cord Meyer Jr. was invited to attend
a Conference on World Government pre-
sided over by Justice Owen J. Roberts
and called by Grenville Clark, Robert
Bass (former governor of New Ilanlp-
shirc), and Thomas U. Mahony, a Boston
lawyer who was chairman of the Massa-
chusetts Committee for World. Federa-
tion. The Conference was held iii Clark's
]ionic at Dublin, New Ilamps1dre, arid
launched Cord on his career as a radical
Leftist.
In February 1947, all the U.S. organi-
zations' working to destroy Anlericatl
sovereignty in the quagmire of a world
government met in Asheville, North
Carolina. Out of this meeting was created
the United World Federalists. Cord Meyer
Jr. was named its first president and made
hundreds of lectures throughout the
United States proinofing this cause.
It was as president of the United
World Federalists that Cord Meyer Jr.
wrote a book entitled Peace Oi:Anarchy,
in v:hich he outlined a plan for militarily
it in a. "Federated World Government"
under the control of the United Nations.
M)Jcyei proposed that ".'... once. having
joined. the 0110-World Federated Govern-
ment' no nation could secede .or revolt
.. because with the Atom Bomb in its
possession the Federal Government (of
the world) would blow that nation off
the face of the earth."
Cord Meyer Jr. was no small-time
radical. In fact lie had been Harold
Stassen's aide during the summer of
1945 when the United Nations Organi-
zation was being set up in San Fran-
cisco. A story concerning young Meyer
which appeared in the radical P.i11. on
March-21, 1948, declared of him: "Re-
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 Gently, Stasse n was again asked to size
up Neyer in the gig rplorch+iedcEQitiliOle
behalf of world government. `That
young man has the best mind,' Stassen
said without hesitation, 'of- any young
man in America."' Around this time
Cord was getting a heavy buildup by' the
Comrades, and another "profile" (in
Closeup for January 14, 1948) observed:
"To a growing number of Americans -
and people in other countries, too --- Cord
Meyer, Jr. is taking his place rapidly ul
the select 'ranks of the shining young
hopes of the world."
This "shining young hope" was per-
sonally placed at the administrative level
of the C.I.A. by Allen Dulles, over the
objections of the late Senator Joseph
McCarthy.' There, under the cloak of
anonymity, he has labored diligently for
world government. In an article he wrote
for Atlantic shortly after the formation
of the United Nations, Meyer declared:
For those of its who have fought
not for power but because we
believe in the possibility of peace,
the [U.N.] Charter is more than a
series of harmless platitudes. Weak
and inadequate as it stands today, it
is all that we have worn from the
war. By our effort, it may yet
become the symbol and instrument
of a. just order among mean. No
matter how rc'Inote our chances or
how distant our success, we have in
simple honesty no alternative but
the attempt to nnalce it that. As I
have suggested, it is possible that
We shall fail, and that the death
agony of nationalism will be pro-
longed beyond our lifetime. But
eventually, if the civilization of the
Itles4 is not to disiritegratc corm-
pletely, others who believe as we do
will succeed. .
.
Rcnienlbcr that the above, is from the
man in charge of the unvoucherccl funds
for C.I.A.'s clandestine operations! With
unlimited amounts of money from the
coffers of C.I.A. at his disposal; Cord
Meyer has subsidized exactly those organ-
izations most interested in concluding
America's "death agony of nationalism"
with a coup de grace. Through devices
channels (one of which was the J.M.
Kaplan Fund, Inc., of 55 Fifth Avenue,
New York City) Meyer dispensed C.I.A.
monies to such wildly Leftist organiza-
tions as the Institute of International
Labor Research, Inc. This outfit main-
tains an office at 113 East 37th Street,
Nev York City, and has also been known
as Labor Research, Inc. It was headed by
the late Norman Thomas, .Chairman of
the Socialist Party of the United States,
at the very time C.I.A. turned over nearly
$1 1m~,0illion to it forR r . >1u ~~j eR(,~gf
SAr1rr'O?~1? tliIoV'-0r7fic~"iii'
February 22, 1967, .described euphenlis-
tically as "17 J eft-of-center parties
throughout Latin America."
Secretary-Treasurer of the Institute of
Labor Research was Sacha Volman. He
set. up radically Leftist "institutes" in
Costa Rica and the Dominican Republic.
According to Otilia Ulatc, former Presi-
dent of Costa Rica, the San Jose Institute
supported only those Parties which "have
the characteristic features which make
them identical in doctrine and homog-
enous in political and social attitudes
with Russian Communism." Ulate said
that all democratic Parties opposed to the
Marxist' regime in Cuba were excluded
from this offshoot of the Noriilan
Thomas and Sacha Volman Institute.
Through the Dominican Institute,
using C.1.4. funds, Volman promoted
political careers for such ke}t Communists
as the notorious Juan Bosch. Sacha had
close ties with Comrades throughout Latin
America and was neck deep in the Marxist-
Leninist "Center of Research in,Econonlic'
and Social Development" at Santo
Domingo. This organization
was financed by the C.I.A., the U.S. State
Departnlent, and the Ford Foundation.
When his inlelligonce organization infil-
trated C.I.D.E.5., General V'/essin yWessin
of the Dominican Republic found it to be a
Communist training and indoctrination
operation. Sacha Volman was an instructor
in that operation and was the man who,
with State Department and C.I.A. direc-
tion; promoted Communist Juan Bosch
all the way to the Presidency of the
Dominican Republic.
Volman is suspected of being a Soviet
agent assigned to Latin American Affairs.
lie was born in Russia, lived in Romania,
and came to the United States. as a
"refugee." He is now a U.S. citizen and
has been living. at 245 East 80th Street,
New. York City. In the Hearings of the
Senate Internal Security Subcommittee
on The Communist Threat To The United
States Through The Caribbean, General
Wessin y Wessin testified under oath
about Volman's C.I.A. operation:
MR. sou1:w114E. Now, yo1-1
spoke of 40 Comrnlrlist indoetr'irna-
Lion centers operating in the Domin-
ican Republic unclerJuan Bosch. Did
these centers operate open!)' as a
communist operation?
GENERAL WESSIN. Openly.
MR.'SOURWINE. Did they dis-
play Communist banners or suns?
GENERA I. WESSIN. 011C7 Of
these schools located on Caracas
Street No. 54 displayed the Soviet
flag. -
Ml; SOURWINE. The Soviet
042 DY &O)is11 a Communist banner
with a Ilarnnler and sickle, but the
Soviet flag ?
GENERAL WESSIN. It was the
red flag with the hammer and sickle.
MR. SOURW1NE. Now, do you
know where these centers were
operated? You named the location
of one. can you tell its where others
were?
GENERAL WESSIN. In the
school Padre Villini Cagle ltlcrcedes.
This building, in spite oft/he fact that
it belonged to the Government, was
turned over to the Communist Dato
Pagan 1'erdomo to install a school of
political science.
There was another one, which
went under the initials of CIDES
located in the farm, or Firica Jairia
Aloza. In this school, the teachers
were among the others, Juan Bosch,
AngelAfiolal, and Sacha Volman.
MR. SOUR\WINE. One of those
names has collie ill-) before. One is
'new. Let's identify these men.
Who is or was Angel Aliolai?
GENERAL WESSIN. -Angel
Aliolan is a Communist, and I sa}'
that he is a Communist because in
order to be secretary of Vicente
Loinbardo Toledano for 10 years
you have to bee Communist.
MR. SOUIRwiNE. Vicente Lom-
bardo Toledano was an outstanding
Coli1rn111list, was lie not?
.GENERAL WESSIN. Yes, Sir.
[Ile was, in fact, head of all.
Communist political activities in
Mexico.]
MR. SOURWINE, Now, who is
Sacha Volman?
GENERAL WESSIN. He Was a
Rumanian brought there by Juan
Bosch. I don't know him.
MR. SOUR WINE. Dice you con-
sider him a Communist?
GENERAL WESSIN. in niy
country there is a saying that says
tell rile with whore you go, and I
will tell you w,1.1o you are.
Also involved with the Cormnnulist-
oriented C.I.D.E.S. organization' Was Su-
preme Court Justice William 0. Douglas.
The Parvin Foundation, of which Douglas
was a member of the board of directors,
joined with the National Association of
Broadcasters and C.I.D.I .S. to produce
"educational" films. According to thcNew
York Tines of February 22, 196 7, Douglas
became a member of the board of
C.I.D.E.S., which administered the film
project in the field. The "educational"
films and the. Communist train-
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 ing'sc?iool had. to be abandoned when Pres Page 123u A Soviet agent named
iderit Bosch attempt l[~ptr? Ic ~ft~sleas~`t3{~k Xth dt 2r reiI R P 4. O'$0
mist takeover and was overthrown by a Smedley and Herold Isaacs were in
military coup late in 1963. The C.I.A. had
been financing an effort to turn the
Dominican Republic into another Cuba.
One of the most important of the
countless operations of the C.I.A. is the,
Center for International Studies, estab-
lished in 1950 with an initial C.I.A. grant
in. excess of $5 million. The Center was
founded at M.I.T. by Walt Whitman
Rostow, who served in the O.S.S. during.
World War II and went to M.I.T. in 1950
from the staff of Swedish Marxist Gunnar
Myrdal after teaching briefly at Oxford.
Rostow was associated with the Center
from 1950 until a security check was
waived in 1961 and he was appointed by
!'resident Kennedy as Deputy Special
Assistant for National Security Affairs at
the White House. In the meantime lie had
three times been turned down for a
security clearance -- twice. by the State
Department and once by the Air Force.
Another key roan, in the C.I.A. Center
at M.I.T. since 1953, has been IIarold R.
Isaacs, a super-radical with a well-docu-
mented record as a subversive. The. fol-
lowiilg quotations, with the pages on
which they appear, are from the record of
the Senate Internal Security hearings on
the Institute of Pacific Relations:
Page 2607 -- "In the last issue of
Pacific Affairs ' there appears on
article by Harold 1seacs entitled
`Perspectives of the Chinese Revolu-
tion, A Marxist Vicw,' "Page.3627
-- '"Some years ago, Mr. Isaacs
published a book called `Tire Trog-
edy 'of the Chinese Revolution,'
with a preface by Leon Trots,%y."
Page' 4103, a letter to Owen Latti-
more from Frederick . Vander bilt
Field, both identified under oath as
Coin in nllrists - "Since I first
learned that you had arrangcd'for
an article on the Chinese Comi nl-
nist movement from Harold Isaacs,
I hoped it would be possible.... I
was very pleased with the way
Isaacs' article turned out." Page
1220 - Soviet agent "Agnes S,ned-
ley* was an associate of Harold
-Isaacs and C. Frank Glass, locally
classified as a card-bearing tomnur-
nist. Isaacs was for so;ne time Edi-
tor of the China Forum, on English
language Communist periodical first
published in 1932. " Page 1221 -
Soviet agent %"Agnes Smedley
joined the A'oulens, who were failed
by Chinese authorities for espio-
nage activities and, tried and con-
victed as bona fide Comintern-
agents. Associated with Smedley on
the Committee was Harold Isaacs."
close contact with Jo/in M. Murray,
the American correspoildent for/lie
Pacific Alcws Agency, listed as 'an
outlet for the Coininter-n." Page
1247 --- "Tile Society of Friends of
the USSR, Shanghai branch, was
.founded in 1932 by Edmond Egon
Aisch, a Czech journalist, and long
known as. a Comintern agent.
Among the more important mem-
bers was Harold Isaacs (G-2 Docu-
ment No. 31, S.M P.,File D-4718). "
As we have noted, this same Harold
Isaacs has been at M.I.T.'s C.I.,A,:created
and C.I.A.-financed Center for Interna-
tional Studies since 1953. He went there.
directly fioni stints at Newsweek and
Harpers, where he had praised Ho cl>_i
Minh as "the George Washington of
Asia." Today he contents himself with
preparing position papers for the C.I.A.
and other sensitive agencies. The Twelfth
Annual Report of the M.I.T. Center says
that Isaacs has been conducting investiga-
tions concerning "political change" in a
number of countries -- supported by
what is likely a dummy grant from the
National Institute of Mental Health. The
records of the Department of health,
Education and Welfare shoe, another such
direct grant to Harold Isaacs
(;;M.I-1.-09179-2) for "A Comparative
Study of Personality Development," fur-
ther defined as (get this). "Stress, Social
Change, World Politics, Comparative"
Study." Isaacs is the Center's top brain-
truster.
The M.I.T. Center has published
numerous books and studies by Rostow,
Isaacs, and other security risks. For exam-
ple, the. U.S. Arms Control and, Dis-
armament Agency made a grant to Dr.
Lincoln P. Bloomfield, a member of the
Center's staff, for studies in "Regional
Arnis Control Arrangements" and "Soviet
Interests and Attitudes Toward Disarma-
'Agnes Smedley was an agent in the direct
service of the Far Eastern Bureau of the Central
Committee of the Third international or
Comintern. She received orders directly from
I ti, Central Committee in Moscow. meat Dr. 15loontield worked out plans
for U.N. "peace keeping" forces to occupy
part of the United States for inspections.
Assisting Dr. L'loomficld,was Amelia Leiss
of the Carnegie Endowment for Interna-
tional Peace. She will b-- recalled as the edi-
tor of the 1965 study, Apartheid And
United A'atioris Collective Measures - an
analysis financed by the Carnegie Endow-
ment for International Peace, of which
Alger Hiss was the president in 1947
which details plans for a United Nations
invasion of South Africa down to the last
r,{i^r ca:ua'.ty estimate, end
4S`s'tN41'~h~C~2-1
Director of the C.I.A.'s Center for
International Studies at M.I.T. fr.oni 1952
until his death in December, 1969, was
Dr. Max F. Millikan. Dr. Milliil;an was
president of the World Peace Foundation,
a collaborator on at least one book with
Walt Rostow, and a member of the
Council on Foreign Relations. He was
simply transferred to the job. of Director
of the M.I.T. Center from his position as
Assistant Director of the C.I.A.
Lyle Munson, formerly of both O.S.S.
and C.I.A., discusses the strategy behind
creation of the C.I.A. Center at M.I.T.
and a general diversification of C.I.A.
operations:
State Department policies and
personnel were under- bitter and
continuous attack. It was decided
that the secrecy of the CIA could
be used to fight back. The opera-
tional ar?)n of the CIA set about
dividing and dissipating the growing '
anti-Communist moveinent in the
United States and began to seek
ways of molding and recasting pub-
lic opinion. The charter of the CIA
expressly forbids domestic opera-
tions, but ways were found .... It
began to finance studies and re-
search projects.... Next, the CIA
began to route monies through tax-
exernpt foundations for these pur-
poses and to employ scholars,
writers and public opinion leaders
covertly. Then it went after the
press. It began to "clear" certain
newspapers, radio and TV reporters
and editors as "consultants"....
Emboldened by its covert consulta-
tions with the newspaper, radio a'ncd
TV industires, the CIA began to
cause certain books to be published
and to subsidize certain U.S. pub-
lished periodicals .... .
111ashington's authoritative Govern-
ment Employees' Exch an?e for April 16,
1969, carried 'a report from one of its
high-level sources which linked even the
New York Times with the C.I.A. But,
first., a bit of background. The article in
the Exchange concerned the takeover of
the reins of government by the "New
Team," a group of top-level advisors to
incoming President John F. Kennedy:
... the "New Team" was to be
a "paragoverrwrent," performing
for the United States "tlrc same
kind of functions" which the Cen-
tral Committee of the Communist
Party of the Soviet Union per-
formed for the Soviet Union ....
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 'PAiernnuirn~T )ho f0T!.~.., ?P~~...,, as s..
penetrate -everyAgpp11rv#rr rpra ,eiea e luu ifk15tilrki CS~tl~'i, z~u~j' tt qJR
agency of the Lxecutive7;rarich , , , Harding E ~ Bancroft, the 'times'
by inserting "trusted members" of executive Vice President who once
the "New Team" into key posi- was under investigation by Otepka
Lions ... for his close association with Alger
Besides key persons officially -Hiss, the former high-ranking State
clready in the Government, the Department' official convicted of
"New Team" selected persons in perjury.
... .
leading banks, law firms and fount- Testimony and documents
dations for the peiietrcrtlorr of the gathered by the Internal Security
"nox1 goven iierttal" apparatus of Subcommittee provide an insight in-
the United States.... to Bancroft's opposition to Otepka.
One of the major "roadblocks" These records show that Bancroft
to the "infiltration" of the State was first employed in the State
Department by the Central lntelli- Department in 1946 on the rccom-
gence Agency New Team was Otto mendation of Alger hiss ... .
P. Oteplca [in charge of State Dc-
partrneiit Security] . . . . Whatever the role of the "New.Tealn,"
While these vast and secret re- when John F. Kennedy took office as
oryantizationzs of the Cell ti-al lntelli- President of the United States, he re-
gence Agcncy's "operational" side placed A]Icn W. Dulles as C.I.A. Director
were evolving, All,. Otepka "naii'ely" within the year. On N.oveinber 29, 1961,
continued to apply the long-standing Kennedy named John McCone to head
Federal and Civil Service Start- the Agency. On January 31, 1962, Gen-
dards.... era} Charles P. Cabal}, the Deputy Direc-
Alr Otepka's "miscalculation" tor, resigned and was replaced by Major
lay in his loyalty to the law.and regit- General Marshall S. Carter of the "New
lations, the source said, and his Team." On February seventeenth of the
failure to comprehend that a "coup same year Richard M. l3issell, who is
el'c tat" was about to take place, in "credited" with engineering the "failure"
which the `Irrragoverrnne;zt"of the of the Cuban invasion, also left the
"New Tearl," n"ould displace the Agency - being replaced by Richard
`formal goverment "of the United Helms of the "New Team."
States. He did not fully compre_ Of the "New Team," Dean Rusk was
bend the "coup d'etat" evert after now Secretary of State; Robert McNa-
the "y 7zarzksgiving Day Massacre" nhara was Secretary of Defense; 11 ' 'alt
in the State Department in 1961 Rostow, the C.I.A. man who could not
which liquidated the last vestiges of even get a security clearance, was first
the old order in the State Depart- named a Special Assistant for National
ment and raised George Wildman Security Affairs, and then waived over to
Ball to Under Secretary of Slate. - the State Department as Chairman of the
Among the important members of this
"New Team" were McGeorge and William
Bundy, Dean Rusk, Robert McNamara,
\Valt Rostow, General Marshall Carter,
Richard Helms, Cartlia DeLoach (F.B.I.),
aihdHarding Bancroft. Mr. Bancroft is the
Executive Vice President of thheA'ew York
Times who is reported to have used the
organization and facilities of the Tines on
behalf of the C.I.A. and the "New Team."
The vigor with which the Times at-
tacked Otepka, the - roadblock to their
takeover, suggests that it may indeed, have
been carrying out a C.I.A. assignment,
representing the new "paragovcrnme nt"
in the way Pravda represents the Central
Comm ittce. of the Communist Party in
the U.S.S.R. IIarding Bancroft also had a
personal interest in 'Otto Otepka. As
columnist Paul Scott revealed at the time'
the Times was working so hard to block
Confirmation of Mr. 0tepka's appoint.
merit to the Subversive Activities Control
Board: -
Policy Planning Staff; General Carter was
Deputy Director of C.I.A.; and, Richard
flelms was Chief of Planning at C.I.A.
Cartha DeLoach was promoted and re-
nhained iii place at the F.B.I., and Ban-
croft in place at the Times. The Bundys,
for their part; were virtually placed in
charge of national security -- McGeorge
at the White House and William in the De-
fense Department. It was a complete coup.
William Bundy had begun a ten-year
career with C.I.A. in 1951. He is a
member of time Insiders' Council on
Foreign Relations. As a member of the
"New Team," the C.I.A.'s William Bundy
became Assistant Secretary of Defense
for International Security Affairs. This
was an outrage in view of the fact that
13undy had been in charge of raising funds
to pay tlle'trial expenses of Coihlniunist
Alger hiss, had himself contributed to
that fund, and had been an intimate of
both Hiss and his brother Donald, also
identified under oath as a Communist and
espionage agent.
42p;i~IUly, a former member of
the staff of the Council on Foreign
Relations, played an even more important
role as Special Assistant for National
Security Affairs to both Presidents Keil-
nedy and Johnson. Ile had studied at
Yale tidier the (now former) chief C.l.A.
planner Richard Bissell and selected as-his
deputy .one Robert \V. Konher, who had
been with C.I.A. since its inception.'As
Newsweek observed in its issue for March
4, 1963: "Bundy is director of the
National Security Council and boss of its
high-powered staff" - which, in turn,
runs the Central Intelligence Agency.
In his book, Lyndon 's Legacy, .the late
Frank Klucklhohn observed of Mr.
Bundy's tour at the White House:
AcGeorge. Bundy is said by
Washington insiders to be one of
the most influential men around
the President ....
All moves toward U.S. unilateral
disarmament are widely credited to
McGeorge Bundy -- as is the adop-
tion as official policy of the plan to
liquidate U.S, awned forces and
destroy our weapons, whflc simul-
taneously building an all-pohver ful
UN army and accepting the UN's
International Court, which could
then overrule our U.S. Congress.
These are the goals of the United
World Federalists, before whose General I
Assembly Presidential advisor McGeor e
Bundy declared in June of 1964:
.. in the years in which I have
seen the United World Federalists
at work on immediate concrete
issues, it has had a combination of
practical effectiveness and sound
long-range instinct wlticlr suggest to
me that this force is one itlifeli lies
a depth and a power and a value -
,both in our country and around the
world - that it would be very
dif fitvult to overestimate... noth-
ing is more 'important to the Pres-
idency of the United States than
the existence of this kind oforgani-
zation. .
This from the man who ran the Na-
tional Security Council, overseeing the
C.I.A., for two Presidents. One could
cheer McGeorge Bundy's departure if lie
were not now employed as President of
the powerful Ford Foundation, through
which lie has continued to pursue his
Leftism.
Although the C.I.A. has been able to
keep secret from Congress the names of
most of its 15,000 employees and even
the amount of the Inige fortune,it spends
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 ah in ally, its Direc or is neither "f Ii h[I 1l., , Is .rcnarc~
McGarrah Aches, a member of that "New
Team" who was made Deputy Director of
C.I.A. during the Hennedy Administra-
tion and Director by President Johnson.
Helms succce(led Vice Admiral William F.
Raborn as C.I.A. Director bn June 30, a Communist?
1966.? IIe had been in the O.S.S. during Let lire develop that drought for
World War II, and at the end of the War you, sir. Our information shows
was assigned to work in Berlin under the
direction of Allen Dulles. Mr. Helms,
Allen Dulles, and Soviet agent Yin] Philby
have all been described as the "arclli- mist .... We know also that it has
tect" of C.1 A. I .. been the assigned task of the Cuban
Helms worked from the very bed inning Contrnurnist Party to prevent Cas-
with the C.I.A.'s covert operations or tie's revolution from going to the
ccplans' division, which was c'm crnocd , right, that is, from 1nlg
with espionage and undercover activities.
He reportedly helped to r cnut, train,
and assign its most important agents. A
number of these i' ere personally recom
mended by Soviet agent Kim Philby. As
director of the "plans" division his duties,
says Current Biography, "included super-
vision of the CIA's political propaganda
section, which secretly subsidized various
private groups and individuals in such
areas , as c hlcation, labor, . and thc
sciences." It was lie. and Cord Meyer Jr.
who arranged C.I.A. subsidy of the Left-
ist and Communist groups we discussed
earlier,
Little wonder that when Helms was
named Director of C.I.A. the New Yorlc
Times called him "the best rnan avail-
able," the Washington Post described him
as "a professional to his fingertips," and
Walter Lippmann declared that lie is "an
admirable director." In fact, says "Lib-
eral" Senator Mike Mansfield, he is "the
best administrator the agency has ever
had."
If that doesn't make you feel uncom-
fortable, try the New York Post descrip-
tion (February 25, 1967) of C.I.A. Direc-
tor Helms as "assuredly the most liberal
person to head any intelligence agency."
One is hardly surprised that C.I.A.
intelligence operations have cone under
fire. But if Director Helms is the "most
liberal person ever," one can only cringe.
A sample of such previous C.I.A. "liberal-
ism" was revealed in fart III of a Senate
document called Communist Threat To
The United States 'Through The Corib-
bean in the testimony on November 5,
! 1959, of General C.P. Cabe11, then
Deputy Director; Central Intelligence
Agency. When asked to supply figures
concerning Communist Party membership
in Latin Amcrica,'Generill Cabcll gave the
number for the Dominican Republic as
50, for Haiti as 15, and for Panama as
110. His testimony beginning on Page 162
is even more interesting:
THE CHAIR IAN. What do
vnn have information about?
that the Cuban C'onununists do not
0 ~ t . in ' 'u"
65) :2-, 'I,b,-K`b156 -M78OR004200230002-1
a IV SjUi4e3.
GENERAI, CAL'ELL. Ill Cuba?
THE CI"IA]IUnAN. Yes, 511.
GENERAL CARELL. That ques-
tion is related to the question: Is
Cuban Prime Minister Fidel Castro
consider him Cl. Cornrnunist Party
member, or even a pro-Co mu-
friendly relations with the United
States, or ending its tolerance of
Communist activities.
Our conclusion, therefore, is that
Fidel Castro is not a Communist_
.
This is ' the same quality of C,I.A.
"intelligence" we may expect from Direc-
tor Richard Helms - who at the time was
the C.I.A. deputy in charge of espionage'
agents: Ile apparently did not commu-
nicate the reports of his agents that
Castro had been a Communist since lie
was a teenager. Or that Castro had been
identified as an International Communist
agent by the Government of Colombia as
early as 1948, when he was arrested for
participating in an attempted revolution
in Bogota.
At the very time General Cabell, using
the reports of Richard Belies' agents, had
declared the C.I.A. "conclusion" that
Fidel Cast, o "is not a Communist," hun-
dreds of reports had come in (and had been
ignored) from U.S. Ambassadors, foreign
service officers, friendly diplomats, and
"other" intelligence sources - all warning
of the imminent Communist takeover of
Cuba. One begins to wonder if "New
Team" Director Richard helms and his
C.I.A. are on our side. .
Suppose they are not! ci
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 X(A,Na,Ati CITY, itAV'.
TIIV ES
M. 340,t;fi0
Front Edit Cthor r /3
Nuo pago Pago
Dc1;e: JUL Ire to{i r'
U ,! a C ,CE o?'1 oo u. at, :;21?~un salute, heard a speech dc?1
1
j r livered in French and thanked the Ant r 1L.ic el ps Spy ead &f-Coyiiinwi,? 1 i wasslgivenfc12arrmll nin lollars tin
The locations of 10 interconti-
rental ballistic missiles in Cuba
were ' pinpointed last night by
a 26-year-old editor of an anti-: -
Communist magazine 'speaking.
to more than 100 persons at the
Holiday Inn in. Kansas City,
Kansas.
Scott Stanley, jr., managing
editor of the American Opinion,
who is also a native of Kansas
City, Kansas, and a graduate of
" ? Wyandotte high school, said the
locations of the missile silos
Y?' would be published in the July-
August issue of the magazine.
Hopes CL-1-IVill Buy It
"It is m
ho
e" Stanle
said
y
p
,,
y
"that the CIA, will spend $1 and
buy a copy of it for the in for-'
mation."
Stanley's remarks on the mis-
' ? sflcs followed a heated
denounce- meat of American foreign policy
r. In Cuba. He said the United
States aided Fidel Castro to
attain power.
The Communist movement,:
not only in Cuba. but in dozens`:
of other area;_ ha.c amia nnu?horr
since- the end of World War II'
--without the direct or indirect
aid of the United States State
department," Stanley said.
-..w" The American Opinion, whose
editor i
Rob
t W
l
h f
d
s
e
c
oun
er
erl
,and Gov. Nelson Rockefeller said Barry Goldwafer's. presidential
of the John{ Birch society, pro- I he and the president of Venezuela campaign, and lie said there
eider] the people of this country, had been friends for nearly three
Stanley said, with Irrevocable decades. Three decades ago Betan.Nvere Goldwater backers with
-court was founding a Communist; the courage and conviction to
proof of Castro 's Communist i party cell. It almost ?r,akes you brim to light the fallacies pee-
affiliation and even documented I wonder where the two mot. ?? - . ,
its proof with evidence that the
bearded revolutionist was a
working, Communist as far back
~s 1540. ' .
.. federal aid to be added to 21
million dollars' that had already!
been sent.
"Then he went to Cuba, kissed'!
V. Castro. on his hairy checks and
said he was going to have in Al.
geria a Communist government,
and the State department con-
tinues to 'offer aid,
"Let 6s pray to God It is.
error," Stanley said. "For if it Is
not it is treason. Tell me that
h
suc
a continuing action by the
State department can he error,
would think tlierc would' be an'
.error on otr' side onco in a)
whilg." t, v
Stanley, a member of the;
John Birch society, said hiss
magazine Is In no way affiliated I
,:with 'the organization and fights
,against membership In any, or.
"It is just an anti-Communist l
.publication,". he said.
Stanley told the group that
the answer to the continuing en-
croachments on the,- liberties of g
the country's people Is a con-.1
Extremism for All
" the same sort of line " he said,
"Romulo Setancourf said, I am ? '
and always have been a Commu? ~; lien it comes to liberty we'
nist,"' Stanley told his audience, must, all be extremists,"
"Yet we send his ,country 500 mil, The honest, prudent American
lion dollars in 'federal aid and must he. concerned, lie must get
report. that he is a Social Demo,
crat. : involved, Stanley said.
"In April of this year we wet Stanley indicated that his
corned } ctancourt to this country views might be aired during Sen.
and other areas of government.
Algerian Aid Cited . The program, the first of its
Stanley also cited the State kind to be sponsored by a group
department's a s s i s t a n c e to calling itself ? the American
Ahmed Ben Bella, Algerian pre; Opinion Forum, was delayed
mier. Ben Bella has been a Coma about one, hour while the audi-
munist worker 'since his teen-age ence watched Senator Goldwa-
years. Stanley acid. ? . ? ter's acceptance speech on tele-
"Boo ;~ella, was taken to a place Vision,
of honer, atop the tomb of Lenin: The newly organized forum's
for M ' day ceremonies," Stanley. chairman, Dick Lyons, said the'
nail. "Ile watched the Communislorganization will try to bring
troops pass.. ?anti Communist speakers to the
Or. October 15 of 1M he. wasp
broul.'l .to tbis'country, riven a?nrea.
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Raises Trcasoif Question
"I ask you," Stanley said, "is
it error or is it treason for the
State department to provide aid
even though they know their
aid is going to the Communists?
Surely no reasonable, decent
an cat: say if it isn't error it
can be nothing but treason." -
Stanley,. in h i s go-minute
speech on foreign 'aid, .said,
Communists of six areas have.
been givens billions of dollars,.
Ile . listed, ' in order, - Cuba,'
Venezuela, Algeria; Bolivia, In.
donesia_ nnrl n
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Scott Stanley, jr. "All Americans must pick up
 WASHINGTON POST
Approved For Release 2006~W;W$#4t~~8`R004200230002-1
OCT 11 1965
LJ T11 0IL' l t~, /
By , ack f~`.lrllet'ss~Il. I Stanley claimed that Ike had They were joined by Demo- sport, recreation, education pr
The Republican broadside left the . State Department' crats Cabeil, (Tex.), Gettys,~training.
1' th 800 C sts ('S.C.),- Grabowski, (Conn.), Not long afterward, he was
mmuni
.
against the John Birch So- claw ine wI o
cicty is merely the return and security risks.
fire upon those patriots of tote I He didn't mention that Ike
hit responsioie' ing job at the State Depart-
c o n s ervativesI ment to one of the late Sen.
has seen the
confidential
minutes of a
Anderson Birch meeting,
at which ritu-
committee that he. had been
unable to find a single Com-
munist,
Hansen, (Iowa), 0 t tinge r
(N.Y.) and St. Germain, (R.I.).
and'?IVidnall (N.J.).
After the vote, Patman com-
mented privately: "When the
Justice Department stepped Ala.
fourth largest bank (Mann-been leading the battle against
district. The bank's lawyers
didn't even file a motion for
appeal. Instead, they rushed
to Congress for this extreme
and unprecedented relief."
munists were heart]. But the] This column reported re-I
most scathing attack was cently on the efforts of Rep.i Firearm Ch atttpion
made not upon the Commu- Thomas Ashley (D-Ohio) to. One of the most outspoken
nists but upon the conscrv- Barn throttah special legisla' opponents of the Dodd bill.,
atives, who refltse.to swallow
extremist John Birch doc-
trine.
Lion that would virtually ex- which would restrict the freo
empt banks from antitrust 1 sale of firearms to criminals,
laws. mental patients and juveniles,
'P110. featured -speaker vas' His bill would grant retro-
Scott Stanley, cdilor of Aluci t-I ictive immunity to three big
can Opinion, .the Society s of-;bank combines, including
f1r1-11 m-") +,iiinr who has ~'I,VIanufacturers Hanover 'crust
repdi. iiioi: as a spellbinder on
the stump.
"The stupidity," he said,
"of the conservative majority
being pushed around by, the
liberals is beyond my cdm-
preherision."
Then he lashed into former
President Eisenhower, whom
he ae used of removing "less
has been Rep.. Robert L. F.
Sikes (D-Fla.).
lie is also a part-time major
,tencral who won his stalls
firearms for unlawful pur-
poses. He pleaded guilty to
the charge of hunting turkey
over a baited field in Chatom,
the bill, introduced by Sen.
Thomas Dodd (D-Conn.), to.
stop the unrestricted traffic in
foreign-made and military-sur
plus firearms.
Testifying before both the.
Senate and House heartn~s,"
Sikes accused President John-
son and Sen. 'Dodd of going
off "half cocked" with their
gull proposals and warned that.
their legislation would violate
states' rights.
. However, the Senate report
on bun legislation, still in con-
fidential draft form, points out
that state laws are inadequate
to curb the underworld gun
traffic.
fighting for Army appropria-IPoI ca" declared u the' Senate
itol Mill
tions on Ca
.
p
Sikes has long been cham-
pioning the right of everyone,
fools and imbeciles included,
to buy weapons, free of Gov-
ernment regulation. A few
weeks before President Ken-
nedy was gunned clown, Sikes
report, "have traced 87 per
cent of the concealable fire-
arms used in crimes in Massa-
chusetts to out-of-state pur-
chases." -
The confidential report also
discloses: "In gun murders in-
than 150 security risks" from Republicans Brock (Tenn.); mcnt to the Arms Control Act, it is apparent that if the gun
the State Department. C 1 a w s o n (Calif.), Dwyer, prohibiting any interference_ !were not available on the
Most of these, he declared (N.J.), Fino (N.J.), Halpern with "the acquisition, posses-spur of the moment, many
contemptuously, w e r c rc-i (N.Y.), Harvey, John-:sign, or use of .firearms by' an1such murders could well have
instated in their old jobs or son, (Pa.), Mize, (Kan.), Stan-,individual for the lawful pur- ended in assault."
Jtransferred to other positions.1 ton, (Ohio), Talcott, (Calif.)lpose of personal defense,] (tl).1515, sett-McClure syndicate, Inc-
of New York City, whose
merger was declared illc,,al
last March by a U.S. District
Court.
Ashley managed to force a
hearing on his bill over the.
opposition of House Banking
Chairman Wright Patman (D-
Tex).
Voting with Ashley were
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 Approved?For Release 2006/05/12 CIA-RDP84-0078OR004200230002-1
Voltnne XIV Number 1
Editor
ROBERT '\~!J:J.Cjj
Managing Editor -
...SCOTT STANi.LY, jr,.
Associate Editors
THOMAS J. ANneRSON
'DFORD EVANS
I ME
FRANCIS X. GANNON
ROBERT 1-1. MONIGOMEPY
F. MERRILI. ROOT
Contribati?g Editors
GARY ALIEN
HILAIRE Dli 13t:RRtER
FRANK MACMILLAN
GEOtcGE S. SCIIUYLER
ALAN STANG
DAROLD LOU) VARNEY
DAVID O. 'VWOODrsiRY
Atsistant
111anzging Editor
MAIcIAN PP.Ortr:RT \C/ELCII
0
Publisher
RICHARD N. Ont?:R
Advertising ,al:d Promotion
BRUCE TAYLOR
Circulation. 11f:rnager
CHARLES G. M1:T-LGER, JR.
Editor ial
Advisory Committee
The- following gror:p of dis-
tir;:,isGcd AsoericaT.S gives the
commlenti al:d advice
which are helpful in deter-
rr. ing' the editorial policy, Con-
IC-1.1s, and opinions of this
T:aSaZ/,:e. But no responsibility
c.:': be attribtrtcd to any members
r
of leis Cnmmiltec for any
.r1'ecific articles, iteans or Coll-
f'1.Sions which appear in these
K. G. I3ENTSON
I_AUP.ENCE F. 1tu :rer3R
F. GAtiO CHANCE
'MARTIN J. CONDON, III
Ror;ERT B. DRESSER
\C7M. J. GREDE
CLARENCE MANION _
N. FLoYD MCGO\ I v
V". 13. MCMILLAN
LUDWIG VON MISTS
RoDERT W. STODDAP.D
FRNEST G. SWIGEIeE
CONTENTS -- JANUARY, 1971
Richard Nixon . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Gary Allen , 1
The Exiles . . . . . . . Susan L.M. Buck 25
Publishers . . .. . . . .. . .:~ . . . Medford Evans 31
Our heroes . . . . . . .. . . . . .. E. Merrill Root 41
No Intelligence ... r . . . . . . . .Prank A. Capell 49
Dc I.ibris . . . . . . .. . . .. . . . Medford Evans 77
Oval's Trick . . . .. . . . ... . .David O. Woodbury 91
Cover Portrait . . . . .Daniel Michael Canavan -- Cover
Dear Reader:
On July 21, 1861, thirty'-five miles southwest of Washing.
ton, along a creek called Bull Run, largely Untrained
Confederate forces met thu Union army in what is called the
First Battle of Manassas. Green recruits panicked in the field,
Confederate General Tice, in full retreat, shouted to 7'horsas
J. Jackson: "General,.they are beatific, us back." At the front
rank of his own well-drilled Virginia brigade, General Jackson
gritted his teeth acid refused to give ground. "They are
beating us back," lice repeated. "-Then, Sir," Jackson
shouted, "we will give them the bayonet."
General Bee drew his saber and moved forward, rallying
his troops by pointing at the steadfast Thomas Jackson.
"Loot: there," he roared again and again. "Look there at
Jackson standing like a stone wail!"
General Jackson stood fast under brutal fire, and the green
Confederate recruits, stirred to valor by his example; went on
to rout the Union forces and di ive thesis front the field. Stone-
wall Jackson, as lie was thereafter called, proved himseril one of
the is:!f-dozen greatest of all American battlefield corn-
manders..llis Valley campaign of 1862 is perhaps the most re-
markable display of strate;Eic science in all American military
history. So brilliant a commander was he that General Robert
E. Lee s::id of him: "If I lsad had Jackson at Gettysburg. I
should have soon the battle." Two months before, Jackson's
own troops had fired on him by error, thinking him too far
forward to. be anything but an enemy scout, and Stonewall
Jacksoit was mortally wounded.'
In the next ninety-six pages you will discover o:hy we have
chosen this issue of Americas Oppi,iron to bear a cover
portrait of Lt. General Thonsas (Stonewall) Jackson. We
believe that you will find the articles you are about to read
on President Richard Nixon (Gary Allen, Page 1) and the
Central Intelligence Agency (Frank Capelt, Page 49) as much
like General Bee's report to Jackson that "they are beating us
back" as anything we have ever published. Tire America we
lave is again threatened from 1`;ashington, and good men are
in retreat. As E. Merrill Root suggests in his powerful essay
beginning on Page 41, it is a time for heroes. It is a tinre to
stand as did Jackson "like a stone wall." -
Dare to stand with us. The battle can be won!
AMERICAN OPINION--is published monthly except July by Robert Welch, Inc., 395 Concord Ave.,
Eelmont, Mossochusctis 02178 U.S.A. Subscription rates are ten dollars per year in the United
States, twelve dollars elsewhere. Copyright 1970 by Robert Welch, Inc. We use almost no orlicles
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