PRESIDENTIAL STATEMENTS CONCERNING CUBA BEFORE THE DISCOVERY OF THE MISSILES AND THE OFFICIAL TEXT OF THE PRESIDENT'S SPEECH OF 22 OCTOBER 1962

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• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP84-00499R000100100027-6
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: S
• Document Page Count: 12
• Document Creation Date: December 19, 2016
• Document Release Date: October 25, 2005
• Sequence Number: 27
• Content Type: NOTES

Approved For R se 2005/S PAWRDP84-00499R0 ,100100027-6
HS/HC 850
Presidential statements concerning Cuba before the
discovery of the missiles and the official text of
the President's speech of 22 October 1962
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 PUBLIC PAPERS OF THE PRESIDENTS
OF THE UNITED STATES
Containing the Public Messages, Speeches, and
Statements of the President
JANUARY I TO DECEMBER 31, 1962.
UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT PRINTING OPPICB
WASHINGTON : 1963
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[485]
485
Oct. zx Public Papers of the Presidents
Radio and Television Report to the American People on the
Soviet Arms Buildup in Cuba. October 22, 1962
[ Delivered from the President's Office at 7 p.m. ]
Good evening, my fellow citizens:
This Government, as promised, has main-
tained the closest surveillance of the Soviet
military buildup on the island of Cuba.
Within the past week, unmistakable evi-
dence has established the fact that a series of
offensive missile sites is now in preparation
on that imprisoned island. The purpose of
these bases can be none other than to provide
a nuclear strike capability against the West-
ern Hemisphere.
Upon receiving the first preliminary hard
information of this nature last Tuesday
morning at 9 a.m., I directed that our sur-
veillance be stepped up. And having now
confirmed and completed our evaluation of
the evidence and our decision on a course of
action, this Government feels obliged to re-
port this new crisis to you' in fullest detail.
The characteristics of these new missile
sites indicate two distinct types of installa-
tions. Several of them include medium
range ballistic missiles, capable of carrying
a nuclear warhead for a distance of more
than i,ooo nautical miles. Each of these
missiles, in short, is capable of striking
Washington, D.C., the Panama Canal, Cape
Canaveral, Mexico City, or any other city in
the southeastern part of the United States,
in Central America, or in the Caribbean area.
Additional sites not yet completed appear
to be designed for intermediate range ballis-
tic missiles-capable of traveling more than
twice as far-and thus capable of striking
most of the major cities in the Western
Hemisphere; ranging as far north as Hud-
son Bay, Canada,'and as far south as Lima,
Peru. In addition, jet bombers, capable of
carrying nuclear weapons, are now being
uncrated and assembled in Cuba, while the
necessary air bases are being prepared.
This urgent transformation of Cuba into
an important strategic base-by the presence
. 8o6
of these large, long-range, and clearly offen-
sive weapons of sudden mass destruction-
constitutes an explicit threat to the peace and
security of all the Americas, in flagrant and
deliberate defiance of the Rio Pact of 1947,
the traditions of this Nation and hemi-
sphere, the joint'resolution of the 87th Con-
gress, the Charter of the United Nations,
and my own public warnings to the Soviets
on September 4 and 13. This action also
contradicts the repeated assurances of Soviet
spokesmen, both publicly and privately de-
livered, that the arms buildup in Cuba would
retain its original defensive character, and
that the Soviet Union had no need or desire
to station strategic missiles on the territory
of any other nation.
The size of this undertaking makes clear
that it has been planned for some months.
Yet only last month, after I had made clear
the distinction between any introduction of
ground-to-ground missiles and the existence
of defensive antiaircraft missiles, the Soviet
Government publicly stated on September i i
that, and I quote, "the armaments and mili-
tary equipment sent to Cuba are designed
exclusively for defensive purposes," that, and
I quote the Soviet Government, "there is no
need for the Soviet Government to shift its
weapons . . . for a retaliatory blow to any
other country, for instance Cuba," and that,
and I quote their government, "the Soviet
Union has so powerful rockets to carry these
nuclear warheads that there is no need to
search for sites for them beyond the bound-
aries of the Soviet Union." That statement
was false.
Only last Thursday, as evidence of this
rapid offensive buildup was already in my
hand, Soviet Foreign Minister Gromyko told
me in my office that he was instructed to
make it clear once again, as he said his gov-
ernment. had already done, that Soviet as-
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sistance to Cuba, and I quote, "pursued
solely the purpose of contributing to the
defers:: capabilities of Cuba," that, and I
quote him, "training by Soviet specialists of
Cuban nationals in handling defensive arma-
ments was by no means offensive, and if it
were otherwise," Mr. Gromyko went on,
"the Soviet Government would never be-
come involved in rendering su h assistance."
That statement also was false.
Neither the United States of America nor
the world community of nations can tolerate
deliberate deception and offensive threats on
the part of any nation, large or small. We
no longer live in a world where only the
actual firing of. weapons represents a suf-
ficient challenge to nation's security to con-
stitute maximum peril. Nuclear weapons
are so destructive and ballistic missiles are so
swift, that any substantially increased pos-
sibility of their use or any sudden change in
their deployment may well be regarded as a
definite threat*to peace. '
For many years, both the Soviet Union and
the United States, recognizing this fact, have
deployed strategic' nuclear weapons with
great' care; never upsetting the precarious
status quo which insured that these weapons
would not be used in the. absence of some
vital challenge.. Our own strategic missiles
have never. been transferred to the territory
of any other nation under a cloak of secrecy
and deception; and our history-unlike that
of the Soviets since the end of World War
II-demonstrates that we have no desire to
dominate or conquer any other nation or im-
pose our system upon its people. Neverthe-
less, American citizens have become adjusted
to living daily on the bull's-eye of Soviet
missiles located inside the U.S.S.R. or in
submarines.
In that sense, missiles in Cuba add to an
already clear and present danger-although
it should be noted the nations of Latin
America have never previously been sub-
jected to a potential nuclear threat.
But this secret, swift, and extraordinary
buildup of Comtnunist missiles-in an area
Oct. 22 [485)
well known to have a special and historical
relationship to the United States and the na-
tions of the Western Hemisphere, in viola-
tion of Soviet assurances, and in defiance of
American and hemispheric policy-this sud-
den, clandestine decision to station strategic
weapons for the first time outside of Soviet
soil-is a deliberately provocative and un-
justified change in the status quo which can-
not be accepted by this country, if our cour-
age and our commitments are ever to be
trusted again by either friend or foe.
The 1930's taught us a clear lesson: ag-
gressive conduct, if allowed to go unchecked
and unchallenged, ultimately leads to war.
This nation is opposed to war. We are also
true to our word. Our. unswerving objec-
tive, therefore, must be to prevent the use of
these missiles against this or any other coun-
try, and to secure their withdrawal or
elimination from the Western Hemisphere.
Our policy has been one of patience and
restraint, as befits a peaceful and powerful,
nation, which leads a worldwide alliance.
We have been determined not "to be diverted
from our central concerns by mere irritants
and fanatics. But now further action is re-
quired-and it is under way; and these
actions may only be the beginning. We will
not prematurely or unnecessarily risk the
costs of worldwide nuclear war in which
even the fruits of victory would be ashes in
our mouth-but neither will we shrink from
that risk at any time it must be faced.
Acting, therefore, in the defense of our
own security and of the entire Western
Hemisphere, and under the authority en-
trusted to me by the Constitution as en-
dorsed by. the resolution of the Congress, I
have directed that the following initial steps
be taken immediately:
. First: To halt this offensive buildup, a
strict quarantine on all offensive military
equipment unn er.shipment to Cuba is being
initiated. All ships of any kind bound for
Cuba from whatever nation or port will, if
found to contain cargoes of offensive weap-
ons, be turned back. This quarantine will ? .
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[485] Oct. 22 Public Papers of the PressWnts
be extended, if needed, to other types of
cargo and carriers. We are not at this time,
however, denying the necessities of life as
the Soviets attempted to do in their. Berlin
blockade of 1948. 1
Second: I have directed the continued and
increased close surveillance of Cuba and its
military buildup. The foreign ministers of
the OAS, in their communique of October 6,
rejected secrecy on such matters in this
hemisphere. Should these offensive military
preparations continue, thus increasing the
threat to the hemisphere, further action will
be justified. I have directed the Armed
Forces to prepare for any eventualities; and
I trust that in the interest of both the Cuban
people and the Soviet technicians at the sites,'
the hazards to all concerned of continuing
this threat will be recognized.
Third: It shall be the policy of this Nation
to regard any nuclear missile launched from
Cuba against any nation in the Western
Hemisphere as an attack by the Soviet Union
on the United States, requiring a full retalia-
tory response upon the Soviet Union.
Fourth: As a necessary military precau-
tion, I have reinforced our base at Guan-
tanamo, evacuated today the dependents of
our personnel there, and ordered additional
military units to be on a standby alert basis.
Fifth: We are calling tonight for an im.
mediate meeting of the Organ of Consulta-
tion under the Organization of American
States, to consider this threat to hemispheric
security and to invoke articles 6 and 8 of the
Rio treaty in support of all necessary action.
The United. Nations Charter allows for
regional security arrangements-and the
nations of this hemisphere decided long ago
against the military presence of outside
powers. Our other allies around the world
have also been:'alerted.
Sixth: Under the Charter of the United
Nations, we are asking tonight that an emer-
gency meeting of the Security Council be
convoked without delay to take action
against this latest Soviet threat to world
peace. Our resolution will call for the
prompt dismantling and withdrawal of all
offensive weapons in Cuba, under the.super-
vision of U.N. observers, before the quaran-
tine can be lifted.
Seventh and finally: I call upon Chairman
Khrushchev to halt and eliminate this
clandestine, reckless, and provocative threat
to world peace and to stable relations be-
tween our two nations. I call upon him
further to abandon this course of world
domination, and to join in an historic effort
to end the perilous arms race and to trans-
form the history of man. He has an oppor-
tunity now to move the world back from the
abyss of destruction-by returning to his
government's own words that it had no need
to station missiles outside its own territory,
and withdrawing _these weapons . from
Cuba-by refraining from any action which
will widen or deepen the present crisis-and
then by participating in a search for peaceful
and permanent solutions.
This Nation is prepared to present its case
against the Soviet threat to peace, and our
.own proposals for a peaceful world, at any
time and in any forum-in the OAS, in the
United Nations, or in any other meeting that
could be useful-without limiting our free-
dom of action. We have in the past made
strenuous efforts to limit the spread of nu-
clear weapons. We have proposed the
elimination of all arms and military bases in
a fair and effective disarmament treaty. We
are prepared to discuss new proposals for the
removal of tensions on both sides-including
the possibilities of a genuinely independent
Cuba, free to determine its own destiny. We
have no wish to war with the Soviet Union-
for we are a peaceful people who desire to
live in peace with all other peoples.
But it is difficult to settle or even discuss
these problems in an atmosphere'of intimi-
dation. That is why this latest Soviet
threat-or any other threat which is made
either independently or in response to our
actions this week-must and will be met
with determination. Any hostile move any-
where in the world against the safety and
freedom of peoples to'whom we are com-
mitted-including in particular the brave
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John F. Kennedy, 1962 Oct. 23 [486]
uper-
aran-
rman
this
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him
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be met
nve any-
=ety and
-re com-
.e brave
people of West Berlin-will be met by what-
ever action is needed.
Finally, I want to say a few words to the
captive people of Cuba, to whom this speech
is being directly carried by special radio
facilities. I speak to you as a friend, as one
who knows of your deep attachment to your
fatherland, as one who shares your aspira-
tions for liberty and justice for all. And I
have watched and the American people have
watched with deep sorrow how your na-
tionalist revolution was betrayed-and how
your fatherland fell under foreign domina-
tion. Now your leaders are no longer
Cuban leaders inspired by Cuban ideals.
They are puppets and agents of an interna-
tional conspiracy which has turned Cuba
against your friends and neighbors in the
Americas-and turned it into the first Latin
American country to become a target for
nuclear war-the first Latin American coun-
try to have these weapons on its soil.
These new weapons are not in your in-
terest. They contribute nothing to your
peace and well-being. They can only un-
dermine it. But this country has no wish
to cause you to suffer or to impose any sys-
tem upon you. We know that your lives
and land are being used as pawns by those
who deny your freedom.
Many times in the past, the Cuban people
have risen to throw out tyrants who de-
stroyed their liberty. And I have no doubt
that most Cubans today look forward to the
time when they will be truly free-free from
foreign domination, free to choose their own
leaders, free to select their own system, free
to own their own land, free to speak and
write and worship without fear or degrada-
tion. And then shall Cuba be welcomed
back to the society of free nations and to the
associations of this hemisphere.
My fellow citizens: let no one doubt that
this is a difficult and dangerous effort on
which we have set out. No one can foresee
precisely what course it will take or what
costs or casualties will be incurred. Many
months of sacrifice and self-discipline lie
ahead-months in which both our patience
and our will will be tested-months in which
many threats and denunciations will keep us
aware of our dangers. But the greatest
danger of all would be to do nothing.
The path we have chosen for the present
is full of hazards, as all paths are-but it is
the one most consistent with our character
and courage as a nation and our commit-
ments around the world. The cost of free-
dom is always high-but Americans have
always paid it. And one path we shall
never choose, and that is the path of sur-
render or submission.
Our goal is not the victory of might, but
the vindication of right-not peace at the
expense of freedom, but both peace and free-
dom, here in this hemisphere, and, we hope,
around the world. God willing, that goal
will be achieved.
Thank you and good night.
486 Proclamation 3504: Interdiction of the Delivery of
Offensive Weapons to Cuba. October 23, 1962
By the President of the United States of
America a Proclamation:
WHEREAS the peace of the world and
the security of the United States and of all
American States are endangered by reason
.of the establishment by the Sino-Soviet
powers of an offensive military capability in
Cuba, including bases for ballistic missiles
with a potential range covering most of
North and South America;
WHEREAS by a Joint Resolution passed by
the Congress of the United States and ap-
proved on October 3, 1962, it was declared
that the United States is determined to pre-
vent by whatever means may be necessary,
including the use of arms, the Marxist-
Leninist regime in Cuba from extending, by
force or the threat of force, its aggressive or
8og
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[486] Oct. 23 Public Papers of the Presidents
subversive activities to any part of this
hemisphere, and to prevent in Cuba the crea-
tion or use of an externally supported mili-
tary capability endangering the security of
the United States; and
WHEREAS the Organ of Consultation of
the American Republics meeting in Wash-
ington on October 23, 2962, recommended
that the Member States, in accordance with
Articles 6 and 8 of the Inter-American
Treaty of Reciprocal Assistance, take all
measures, individually and collectively, in-
cluding the use of armed force, which they
may deem necessary to ensure that the Gov-
ernment of Cuba cannot continue to receive
from the Sino-Soviet powers military ma-
terial and related supplies which may
threaten the peace and security of the Con-
tinent and to prevent the missiles in Cuba
with offensive capability from ever becom-
ing an active threat to the peace and security
of the Continent:
Now, THEREFORE, I, JOHN F. KENNEDY,
President of the United States of America,
acting under and by virtue of the authority
conferred upon me by the Constitution and
statutes of the United States, in accordance
with the aforementioned resolutions of the
United States Congress and of the Organ of
Consultation of the American Republics,
and to defend the security of the United
States, do hereby proclaim that the forces
under my command are ordered, beginning
at 2:0o p.m. Greenwich time October 24,
1962, to interdict, subject to the instructions
herein contained, the delivery of offensive
weapons and associated materiel to Cuba.
For the purposes of this Proclamation, the
following are declared to be prohibited
materiel:
Surface-to-surface missiles; bomber air-
craft; bombs, air-to-surface rockets and
guided missiles; warheads for any of the
above weapons; mechanical or electronic
equipment to support or operate the above
items; and any other classes of materiel
hereafter designated by the Secretary of De-
fense for the purpose of effectuating this
Proclamation.
To enforce this order, the Secretary of
Defense shall take appropriate measures to
prevent the delivery of prohibited materiel
to Cuba, employing the land, sea and air
fortes of the United States in cooperation
with any forces that may be made available
by other American States.
The Secretary of Defense may make such
regulations and issue such directives as he
deems necessary to ensure the effectiveness
of this order, including the designation, with-
in a reasonable distance of Cuba, of pro-
hibited or restricted zones and of prescribed
routes.
Any vessel or craft which may be proceed-
ing toward Cuba may be intercepted and
may be directed to identify itself, its cargo,
equipment and stores and its ports of call,
to stop, to lie to, to submit to visit and search,
or to proceed as directed. Any vessel or craft
which fails or refuses to respond to or com-
ply with directions shall be subject to being
taken into custody. Any vessel or craft
which it is believed is en route to Cuba and
may be carrying prohibited materiel or may
itself constitute such materiel shall, wherever
possible, be directed to proceed to another
destination of its own choice and shall be
taken into custody if it fails or refuses to obey
such directions. All vessels or craft taken
into custody shall be sent into a port of the
United States for appropriate disposition.
In carrying out this order, force shall not
be used except in case of failure or refusal to
comply with directions, or with regulations
or directives of the Secretary of Defense
issued hereunder, after reasonable efforts
have been made to communicate them to the
vessel or craft, or in case of self-defense. In
any case, force shall be used only to the ex-
tent necessary.
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, I have hereunto set
my hand and cause the seal of the United
States of America to be affixed.
DONE in the City of Washington this
twenty-third day of October in the
[SEAL] year of our Lord, nineteen hundred
and sixty-two, and of the Inde-
pendence of the United States of America
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487 L
a n-A
Dear Mr.
Purs ua'.
Public hereby a]
"Public I
Departmen
Departmen
Departmen
tions) .
Departmen
and We
Departrner
Housing ai
to be exp
488 1
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of
to
-iel
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John F. Kennedy, r962 Oct. 25 [4881
the one hundred and eighty-seventh. NoTE: On the same day the President issued Execu-
tive Order I1o58 "Assigning authority with respect
JOHN F. KENNEDY to ordering persons and units in the Ready Reserve
By the President: to active duty and with respect to extension of en-
DEAN RvsK listments and other periods of service in the Armed
Secretary of State Forces" (27 F.R.r0403).
487 Letter to Secretary Hodges Allocating Funds for the
Acceleration of Public Works. October 24, 1962
Dear Mr. Secretary:
Pursuant to the authority contained in the
Public Works Appropriation Act, 1963, 1
hereby allocate from the appropriation for
"Public Works Acceleration,"
To Amount
Department of Agriculture........ $15, ooo, 000
Department of Commerce........ 92000,000
Department of Defense (Civil Func-
tions) ............... ... 9,000,000
Department of Health, Education,
and Welfare .................. 40, 000, 000
Department of the Interior........ 12, 000, 000
Housing and Home Finance Agency. 80,000,000
Total ................... $165.000,000
to be expended by said agencies for the initia-
tion or acceleration of public works projects
as authorized by Public Law 87-658, ap-
proved September 14, 1962, and, as set forth
in your letter to me of October 24, x962. The
funds hereby allocated shall be available
only for project expenses. Allocations for
necessary administrative expenses of the
agencies will be considered at a later date.
Will you please arrange for the necessary
transfer of funds and advise the various agen-
cies when this has been accomplished.
Sincerely,
JOHN F. KENNEDY
NOTE: Secretary Hodges' letter of October 24, 1962,.
was released with the President's reply.
488 Message to the Acting Secretary General of the United Nations.
October 25, 1962
Excellency:
I deeply appreciate the spirit which
prompted your message of yesterday.
As we made clear in the Security Council,
the existing threat was created by the secret
introduction of offensive weapons into Cuba,
and the answer lies in the removal of such
weapons.
In your message and your statement to the
Security Council last night, you have made
certain suggestions and have invited pre-
liminary talks to determine whether satis-
factory arrangements can be'assured.
Ambassador Stevenson is ready to discuss
these arrangements with you.
I can assure you of our desire to reach a
satisfactory and peaceful solution of the
matter.
JOHN F. KENNEDY
[His Excellency U Thant, Acting Secretary General
of the United Nations]
NoTE: In his message the Acting Secretary General
stated that' he had been asked by the permanent rep-
resentatives of a large number of the member gov-
ernments of the United Nations to appeal to the
President in the critical situation. They felt, he
said, that in the interest of international peace and
security all concerned should refrain from any action
which might aggravate the situation and bring
about a risk of war. In their view it was important,
he further stated, that time should be given to the
parties concerned to get together with a view to
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`ext of Soviet-Cuba Report
MOSCOW; Sept: 2 (.fleutors)
-Following is, the text of an
unofficial English translation of
a joint commuuiqu4 on Soviet
military aid to Cuba, as -made
public by Tass, the Soviet press
agency:
From Aug. 27 to Sept, 2,
1961, there were present in
the Soviet Union members of
;le national leadership of the
`United Revolutionary Organi-
zations of Cuba, the Minister
of Production, Comrade
t
G
Se
d
jevra
xrma, an
Erross
o
should work out a ;technical
Comrade Emilio rragones and economic report concern-
Navarro. 9ng - the construction, of ,a
During 'their sfay iii the metallurgical factory. ti itlr 'a
Soviet 'Comrade *?complete metallurgical. cycle.
Ernesto Guevara, Serna and
on the basis of the iron ore
Navarro Comrade Emilio by the Aragones reserves existing in the Re-
were tee' ! Council ounS. o ci of 'public of Cuba, and: should U. S. 116-
President of , the present it for perusal' by, the
Comrade Ministers of the shche 'in Government of the Republic
a friendly, , S. cordI{ialhruatshrrroph re of tuba inthe middle of 1963.
a. and t of of At the'same time.the par-
fiill t the ties recognized it as expedi-
mutual understanding. eimt, in connection With the
An exchange 'of views took additional possibilities . that
place on s a an number interst, t- have been 'revealed,, to carry
both de sides, , and o of also oln ques- out . the, reconstruction, of
tions both of further dconsolidation three existing metallurgical
of the y fraternal factories, raising their total
atiohs ? between et capacity from 1.10,000 . to
Ubetwn the Soviet 350,000 tons of steel annually.
Union and the Republic of The parties also agreed to
Cuba. Q continue the exchange: of ex-'
Serna and Ernesto 'Comsrade Guevara Emilia perience between the Soviet
Aragones I'7avarro also had Union and the Rep+,iblic of
discussions with the First ' Cuba in the sphere of agri
Deputy. Chairman ',,.of the culture by means of working-
U. S?, S. R., Comrade A. N.
Kosy in; with the President
of the State Conmmittee of the
Council ' of Ministers of l lhl ,,
U. S. S. R. for Foreign,' o.
nomic Relations, Comrade S.
A. Skachkov; ' Deputy Min=
inter of Foerigpi Trade, Com-
rade S. A. Borisov, and with
leading workers of. the state
plan of the U. S, S. R., and
of the State Economic Coun-
cil of the U. S. S. R., for
questions -of economic and
technical cooperation,
Plant Construction Settled
In thec dV-se of'4hese
friendly converia.tions the
parties agreed on the con-
struction n Cuba' with, the
assistance'of the Soviet Union
of a metallurgical.,works '.of
importance in the 'develop-
ment of the. economy of the
republic of. Cuba, fores.een,.in
the Soviet-Cubaii agreem nt
of Nov, 16, 1960.
The parties= agreed, that
Soviet organizations, In , as
short - a time as possible,
specialists to Cuba for worlc long as the above-mentioned
gtiarters ' continue threaten-
---- On Sept. 1, there took place
in the spheres of irrigati9n, in the Kremlin the signing of
melioration, hydro-technical a document on the assistance
construction and others. of the Soviet Union to the
Agreement was reached on Republic of Cuba in the eon-
ance by the Soviet Union to
Cuba in agriculture, includ-
ing the,sending to the Soviet
Union of Cuban citizens for
teaching them about differ-
ent sectors of agricultural
production:
Both sides noted with great kov, and from the Cuban side
satisfaction that the 'success- by Minister of Production Er-
ful completion of the discus- nesto Guevara Serna.
sions in Moscow will enable , Present at the signing. of
the further development of. the document referred to
fraternal friendship arid,close were: First Deputy Chairman
economic cooperation between, of the Council of Ministers of
-the : U. S. S. K. and the Re, the U. S. S. R.,, 1 N. Kosy-
public of Cuba. gin; Deputy Minis_ of For-
Cuba Appeals for Arms., , eign Affairs of the 1 J. S. S. R.,
During the stay in the V. S. Semyenov; Deputy Pres-
iJ. S. S. R. of Ernesto Cue- ident of the State, Plan of the
vara Serna and Emilio Ara- U. S. S. R., S. E. Vasilenko;.
gones Navarro, views were Deputy Chairman of she State
also exchanged in connection Economic Council of the
with the threats of aggres- U. S. S ,R., S. M. Tikhomirov;
sine imperialist quarters with First Deputy Minister of For-
regard to Cuba. in view of eign Trade, S. A. Borisov;
these threats, the Government Deputy Chairman of the State
of the 'Cuban Republic ad- Committee of the Council of
dressed the Soviet Govern- Ministers of the U. S. S. R: for,
meat with a request for help Ferrous and Non-fern Met.
by delivering armaments and allergy, V. N. Kostin; Dep-
. sending technical specialists uty Minister of Finance of the
for training Cuban service- U. S. S. R., P. A. Maletin, and
men other official figures.
The Soviet Government at-' ' On the Cuban side were
tentively considered this re- present the member of the na-
quest of the Government of i tional leadership of the united
___ _ ` revolutionary organizations
['Cuba,' the Cuban Republic
i has'+ every justification for
taki g necessary measures to
inset e its security and safe=
guards its sovereignty and
independence, while all ;Cuba's
true friends have every right
to respond to this legitimate
request.
metallurgical works. On the
Soviet side the document was
signed by the President of the
Council of Ministers of the
U. S. S. R. for Foreign 'Eco-
nomic Relations; S. A. Skach-.
the Extraordinary and Pleni-:
,potentiary Ambassador of the
Republic of Cuba- In the
U. S. S. R., Carlos Olivarez
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 Approved For Relei 2005/12/23: CIA-RDP84-00499R00640100027-6
Kennedy's p- a Statement
twenty-five miles which are
similar to early models.of our
Nike.
Along with these missiles
the Soviets are apparently
Spear Ito The grew Yo,k Timm
WASHINGTON, Sept. 4.--:-
following is the text of Presi-`
dent Kennedy's statement on
Cuba, made public tonight by
the White House:
All Americans as well as
all of our friends in this hem-
isphere have been concerned
over the recent moves of the
Soviet Union to bolster the
military power of the Castro
regime in Cuba.
Information has ``reached
this Government in the last
four days from a variety of
sources which establishes
without doubt that the Sovi-
ets have,provided the Cuban
Government with a number
of anti-aircraft defensive-
missiles with a slant range of
providing the extensive radar
and other electronic', equip
11 O"op
missiles having a range of
fifteen miles.
The number of Soviet mili-
tary technicians now known
to be in Cuba or en. route---
approximately 3,500--is' con-
sistent with assistance in set-
ting up and learn to use:' this
equipment.
As I stated last week we
shall continue to make infor-
ment which Is required for,.
their operation.
We can also confirm the.
presence of several Soviet-'
made motor torpedo ; boats
carrying ship-to-ship t,uidgd-
mation available as fast as it
is obtained and properly veri-
fied.
There is no evidence of any
organized combat force in'
Cuba from any Soviet bloc
country; of military bases
provided to Russia; of a vio-
lation of the 1934 treaty re-
lating to Guantanamo; oQft~~h__~e~
presence of offensive ~rounT-
to-;rrouffi "" sri17`si or of
other srgni rc nt offensive
capability either in Cuban
hands or under Soviet direc-
tion and guidance.
Were it-to be otherwise the.
gravest issues would arise.
The Cuban question must he
considered as a part of the
world-wide challenge posed by
Communist threats to the
peace. It must be dealt with
as a part of that larger issue
as well as in the context of
the special relationships which
have long characterized the
inter-American system.
It continues to be the policy
of the United States that the
Castro regime will not he al-
lowed to export its aggressive
purposes by force or the
threat of force. It willba-pxe-
vented by wh metes
may neca a.rv roams'" ring
ac?ion as II4Sb.any_RpLU-,Sg'
Wes ecrnisphe
The United States in con
Junction with other Hemi-
sphere countries will make
sure that, while increased ;
Cuban armaments will be a
.heavy'burden to the unhappy
people of Cuba themselves,
they will be nothing more.
k
K
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 America nivoevc i d not ree~ll rustr ted by the uri IA' ru P I to 04 [ ewitli 9M,1 us economy has crumbled
certainties that we see around us. Yet we are, and his pledges for economic progress have been
earft lly discarded, along with his pledges for political
living in a world of change-sometimes fearfully'
rapid change. It is not for us to fear change. freedom. His industries are stagnating, his har-
We can have confidence that those ideals for which vests are declining, his own followers are begin-
we stand are more closely attuned to the universal ping to see that their revolution has been betrayed.
aspirations of mankind than any other system yet So it is not surprising that in a frantic effort
devised. The sterility of the Communist doctrine ;to bolster his regime he should try to arouse the
is increasingly being exposed. As Secretary Rusk Cuban people by charges of an imminent Ameri-
has said : 4 i can invasion and commit himself still further to
Successful societies do not have to build walls and Soviet takeover in the hope of preventing his
string barbed wire against their own people. The Berlin own collapse.
wall ... is a monument to failure-the failure of a "col ' n Ever since communism moved into Cuba in
petitive coexistence" that dared not compete.
What is required of us? That we remain true 1958, Soviet technical and military personnel have
to those concepts that have made us great, faith moved steadily onto the island in increasing num-
bors at the invitation of the Cuban government.
f
.
the great unfinished business of building the kiwi repeat the conclusion that I reported last week;
of world of order and peace sought by all me i that those new shipments do not constitute a seri-
of good will. 1: ous threat to any other part of this hemisphere.
ul to those ideals that have made us good; and
that we carry on in concert with other free met',
President States U.S. Policy
Toward Cuba 17
Statement by President Kennedy 1
1, 1.
There has been a great deal of talk on the
situation in Cuba in recent days both in the Com-l
munist camp and in our own, and I would like to'l''.
take this opportunity to set the matter in perspec-l
tive. 1,
In the first place it is Mr. Castro and his sup-[
porters who are in trouble. In the last year his
regime has been increasingly isolated from this
same fear or following in other Latin American j
countries. He has been condemned by the OAS'
[Organization of American States] ,2 excluded
from the Inter-American Defense Board,2' and
kept out of the [Latin American] Free Trade
Association. By his own monumental eco-
nomic mismanagement, supplemented by our re-:
Read by- the President at his news conferences on Sept.
13.
and 270.
October. 1, 1962
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Now that inovenient has been increased. It is
But I will
under our most careful surveillance
If the United States over should find it neces-
sary to take military action against communism in
Cuba, all of Castro's Communist-supplied weap-
ons and technicians would not change the result or
significantly extend the time required to achieve
,,that result.
However, unilateral military intervention on
the part of the United States cannot currently be
either required or justifed, and it is.. rouble
that loose talk about such action in this country
might serve to give a thin color of legitimacy to
the Communist pretense that such a threat exists.
But let me make this clear once again : If at an
time the Communist buildup in Cuba were to en-
danger or interfere wi 1 Qnr_aecurity in any way
including our base at Guanmo, our passage to
the Panam al, our missile and space activities
at Cape Can&veeal, or the lives of American citi-
zens in this country, or if Cuba should ever at-
tempt to export its aggressive purposes by force o
the threat of force against any nation in this
hemisphere, or become an pensive mi it
o s i ants avity' rt,, e _ovaa niou then
. this country wil dQ_HjAtffer_niiist ..lae. done to
protect its own securitand that of its allies.
We shall be alert to, and fully capable of deal-
ing swiftly with, any such development. As
`Ibid., p. 283.
? Ibid., Sept. 24,1962, p. 450..
 Approved For Rele QQ5(I~/ 3 : CIq RDP.84;0 4999R000 0100f0
President and Commander in ie 1. avo ull tion s ure re urn to r d~m. We shall con-
authority now to take such action, and I have tinue to keep the American people and the
asked the Congress to authorize me to call up re- Congress fully informed. We shall increase our
serve forces should this or any other crisis make surveillance of the whole Caribbean area. We
it necessary.
In the meantime we intend to do everything
within our power to prevent such a threat from'
coming into existence. Our friends in Latin
America must realize the consequences' such devel-
opments hold out for their own peace and free-
dom, and we shall be making further proposals to
them. Our friends in NATO must, realize the
implications of their ships' engaging in the Cuban
trade.
We shall continue to work with Cuban refugee
leaders who are dedicated as we are. to that na-
shall neither initiate nor permit aggression in this
hemisphere.
With this in mind, while I recognize that rash
talk is cheap, particularly on the part of those who
did not have the responsibility, I would hope that
the future record will show that the only people
talking about a war and invasion at this tirie are
the Communist spokesmen in Moscow and Habana,
and that the American people, defending as we do
so much of the free world, will in this nuclear age,
as they have in the past, keep both their nerve and
their head.
Realism, Responsibility, and Respect-Three R's for the United Nations
by Harlan Cleveland
Assistant Secretary for International Organization Affairsx
On Tuesday next, as the 17th U.N.' General As- its members have been learning some of the facts
sembly begins its work, the U.N. goes into its 18th of life-about money and finance; about the re-
year of operation. Seventeen, going on eighteen, lationships between calling tunes and paying
is a wonderful age. We know that from reread- pipers; about reputation, especially the reputa- it
ing Booth Tarkington, even if all we can remember tion of those who cry "wolf" too often; and about
ourselves is how hard it seemed to be to grow up the difference between wanting something badly
convincingly, with all those adults looking on and and working for it hard.
criticizing. We know as parents that 17 is also The U.N. is even old enough now to get into
an exasperating age-not so bad as 14 or 15, per- politics, the domestic politics of the member coun-
haps, but still full of uncertainties. Yet as all tries. In our case the dramatic events in the
almost-eighteeners know, 17 is an age of great Congo brought out that most natural of American
glory. The awkwardness of early adolescence is cultural traits : the desire to choose sides when
being left behind; the mind and spirit make new we see a fight going on. The interest in the
discoveries; more and more freedom is being Congo's civil disturbance became an American
achieved, with greater and greater measures of problem when Congress, and the people at large
responsibility; and adventure lies in wait behind through polls and letters to Washington, had
every door. ' to decide whether to buy $100 million worth of
Like all young things the U.N. is still grow- U.X. bonds. You can all feel pride a- -1 a stake
ing-in size, in strength, and, we hope, in wisdom. in the American response to the. first red "crisis
As. Adlai Stevenson has said, the U.N.. was built of confidence" over U.S. policy in the U.N. Both
for trouble and thrives on trouble. And all of in the Senate,. by 70 to 22, and in the House of
' Address made before the American Association for the
United Nations at New York, N.Y., on Sept. 16 (press
Department of Slate Bulletin
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Representatives, by a vote of 256 to 134, America's
political leadership has responded to a deep con-
viction widely shared by most Americans : that