HOW U.S. TAPS SOVIET MISSILE SECRETS

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP83-01022R000100200001-1
• Release Decision: RIFPUB
• Original Classification: K
• Document Page Count: 12
• Document Creation Date: December 12, 2016
• Document Release Date: February 26, 2002
• Sequence Number: 1
• Publication Date: October 21, 1957
• Content Type: MAGAZINE

Approved For Release 2002/04/01 : CIA-RDP83-01022R000100200001-1
TAB
Approved For Release 2002/04/01 : CIA-RDP83-01022R000100200001-1
ARTIST's sketch shows location of the major Russian ballistic missile test center at Krasnyy Yar located due west of a large bend in the
,Volga River between Stalingrad and Saratov. Intermediate range runs southeast with impact area in the Uzbek Desert near the
Afghanistan border. Long range missiles and the Soviet's Sputnik satellite are fired on a track just a few degrees north of due east
and impact in the sea just beyond Vladivostok. U. S. operated radar in Turkey can track along entire path of intermediate range
---"Mtssites and can establish trajectory along long-range missile flight path.
Powerful, long-range radar units based in Turkey
have tracked Russian launchings for two years.
Washington?U. S. has been tapping
Russia's missile secrets for more than
two years by means of extremely power-
ful long-range radar and other equip-
mem oasect in I urkev. Operation of
this equipment, known to the
Soviet Union, is considered bv
diplo-
Thiatic sources as one of the reasons for
the current heavy Russian military and
political pressure on Turkey.
Backbone of the U. S. missile intel-
ligence system is an ANJTS-17 radar
-.developed and operated by General
Co. near Samsun, Turkey, a
seaside resort on the Mad; Sea. This
.......?Ladalcitadetect and track missile firings
from the main Russian missile test um-
__ til _at _KRISI1XV Ya r (see map) on
-7.777,byqt thctptElltctSltj,LL-range extending
the Afghan
To ?re. southeast fun aid
the lOnger itinge ti ick ex-
tending eastward on about a heading of
70 degrees to the Pacific Oeual'l mi the'
area around Vladivostok in Siberia.
A similar radar set is operating at
Laredo, Texas, OW June 4, 19%, p.
23) where it is used to track ballistic
missiles fired it the ?Vhite Sands,
N. NI., Proving Grounds. Both radars
have been in operation for several years.
Thetie iWO radars are believed to be
the' most powerful sets now operating
in the world. 'I 'her' develop a peak
power of about byo megawatts lud hold
tIris power fur ZI pulse about a thousand
times longer than conventional radar.
These sets now have a range if tbmit
1,000 miles, depending upon the
strength of return Iron] a target. 1 he\
I was simple type of coherent integra-
tion developed at thc Lincoln Labora
turn it \ hissachuselb, Institute of 'I edi
riologv to amplify weak signals occurring
hclow tic noise let el of the receiver.
110111 of these radars :IR' being modi-
hyd to increase then rurge to 3,000
miles at extreme altitudes as indicated
In' USAF Chief of Staff Gen. Thomas
1). White in a recent speech (A \V
Sept. 30, p. 25). This modification will
involve application of Columbia Uni-
versity's ORDIR (omnirange digital
radar) technique to the AN/FPS-17 by
Stir Eederal Scientific Corp. which was
recently founded by scientists of the
Columbia University Electronics Re-
sudrdi I,alsoratorv.
The General Nectric operated radar
11C;1 I Sill 11S1111 IFIS provided data on the
type of Rits,iimi missiles being launched
In 0111 the Krasnyy Yar test complex,
their speed, altitude, track and approxi-
mate range. Oafs is ,mtumatically re-
c.orded and transmitted to the U. S.
Inhere data reduction is handled by the
Lockheed St-steins Division and
the Stanford Research Institute.
In addition to the radar equipment
in Turkey, there are other approaches
to gathering Russian missile data from
outside lie borders if the Soviet Union.
One possible approach is via Project
loin ilnninili, a USAF unit developed
.,eaLATIoN WEEK, October 21, 19,7
For Release 2002/04/01 : CI -RDP83-01022R000100200001-1
by the Ilycon Manufacturing Co. of
Pasadena, Calif., which is capable of
deteetiric turbojet, ramjet and rocket
engines at extremely long raisers and
gathering fairly accurate data on the
engines performance. Another ap-
proach involves the use of optical
equipment and spectometry to identifv
missiles and supersonic aircraft in
flight. 'This is based on the well known
fact that each different configuration of
aerial vehicle produces a different air
disturbance pattern in flight.
The Turkey based complex of U.S.
missile detection and performance
monitoring equipment has been yield-
ing results for well over two years, dat-
ing hack to the first tcst firings of the
t SON-ie t intermediate range ballistic
missile from the Krasnyy Yar complex
during the summer of-1955.
Fairly complete data on this missile
test program has been obtained, in-
cluding a significant shift from the ir-
regular pattern of experimental test
firings to a regular five per month pat-
tern, indicating a switch to production
line sample test firings during 1956.
This provided fairly conclusive evidence
that the Soviet IRBM program had
shifted from the development phase to
production with an operational capa-
bility imminent.
Detection of the longer range, multi-
stage ICBM test program along the 70
4!
degree track toward the Pacific began
1p. late ,1956. A variety of shots was re-
ic14 including stage separation tests,
i,11* altitude attempts and final-
y_ prig range firings impacting about
?OM rinks from the launching site.
.Pre-sent' radar can not cover the entire
distance. ot the long range firing.
These long range firings began during
he., gaily summer of 1957, and the
ovicts publicly a-hi:Mu-Weed they had
ikeVifully tested an ICBM late in
ilmnst'(AW Sept. 2, p. 27). During
lee summer months of June, July and
--.`us-r iii-ere were atleast eight firings
on range multi-stage missiles of
it types along the Siberian track.
,is believed the Russians are using
esame launching'e'quipment for their
utak 'Satellites as for their ICBM.
g. ,Iong range missile firing fre-
1 des, irregular intervals and va-
ety _of tests conducted indicate that
t,j ,9,sji.et_IC131VI program is still in a
deyelppinerit test stage with produc-
tion pd operational capability in this
field still two or three years distant.
. .1100 made its first test firing at
!' the Cape Canaveral, Fla., missile test
COter. of a Convair Atlas ICBM last
?
June, fired another propulsion test ve-
hicle ,in September (AW Sept. 30, p.
39) and has a third shot scheduled for
early November. Test firings of the
Appy's Jupiter and the USAF's Doug-
4s Thor IRBMs began early this year.
?
,Vt..:,-
,ikifON WEEK, October 21, 1957
I
Convair Wizard Wins
Washington?Convair Wizard air defense system has been endorsed by the U. S.
Joint Chiefs of Staff for development by the Air Force as the prime future defense
against all types of aerial vehicles, including intercontinental ballistic missiles. Con-
vair's Wizard system was in competition with the Army's Nike-Zeus system devel-
oped by Bell Laboratories and Douglas Aircraft Co. and another USAF sponsored
system involving Boeing Airplane Co., General Electric and Ramo.Wooldridge Inc.
(AW Oct. 7, p. 29; Oct. 14, p. 37).
Joint Chiefs in making the Wizard decision also reaffirmed USAF's responsibility
for area air defense in contrast to the Army's role of point defense.
Wizard proposal was developed by Convair in cooperation with Radio Corp. of
America and other specialist firms as an overall long-range air defense system that
would be effective against all types of aerial vehicles, including Mach 2 bombers,
air-to-ground missiles and long-range ballistic missiles. It is based on both long-range
detection devices and long-range defensive missiles rising solid propellants and
involves considerable advanced component development work on special antennas,
electronic antenna steering devices and high power sources.
Among the component developers associated with the Wizard program are:
? General Electric on missile warheads.
? Sanders Associates whose PANAR multi-element, multi-lobe antenna system is
being adapted for Wizard due to its relative invulnerability to point-source jamming.
? D. S. Kennedy Inc, working on problems of big parabolas.
? Avco Inc, electronic antenna steering devices.
Special high power sources are being developed by Rome Air Development Center,
Radio Corp. of America and EIMAC. Wizard is still primarily in the design pro-
posal stage and would require at least five years to provide early stage hardware
capable of systems operation.
Soviet Technical, Political Gains
Spur Shift in Attitude on Defense
By Evert Clark
Washington?Major shift iii adminis-
tration attitude on the defense problem
was under way last week as a result
of Russian technological gains and dip.
lomatic maneuvers, and strong recom-
mendations by the President's Science
Advisory Committee that U.S. missile
effort be increased.
Beginning of the shift was made clear
in statements by Vice President Richard
M. Nixon and Deputy Defense Secre-
tary Donald A. Quarles only a few
hours after the Advisory Committee
met with the President.
Secretary of State John Foster Dulles
said a day later that the nation's security
must come first even if that means
greater sacrifices in the form of bigger
budgets and higher taxes. All three
administration officials spoke seriously
of Russia's satellite and its implications.
The night before the Advisory Com-
mittee visited the White House, state-
ments by public officials were still in
the vein of former Defense Secretary
Charles E. Wilson's remark that the
satellite was a "scientific trick." Assist-
ant to the President Sherman Adams
spoke of "high score in an outer space
basketball game" in referring to the
U. S.-Rusisan satellite situation.
Adams also pledged that President
Eisenhower, his administration "and in-
deed the Republican Administration
that will succeed this one in 1960, will
never weaken in their determination to
hold to sensible budgetary and fiscal
goals"?including "a balanced budget,
a surplus sufficient to provide a tax cut"
and continued payments to reduce the
public debt.
'No Greater Mistake'
Nixon told a San Francisco audience
that the U.S. "could make no greater
mistake than to brush off this event
(launching of Sputnik) as a scientific
stunt of more significance to the man
in the moon than to men on earth. We
have had a grim and timely remitter
of a truth we must never overlook?that
the Soviet Union has developed a scien-
tific and industrial capacity of great
magnitude.
"Let us resolve once and for all that
the absolute necessity of maintaining
our superiority in military strength must
always take priority over the under-
standable desire to reduce our taxes."
Quarles, speaking in. New York, said:
'As long as we are faced by the
challenging threats of Soviet Russia,
sacrifices will continue to be required in
the form of individual effort, or imper-
sonal clort in the form of taxes, that
are greatly in excess of any we have
r==!
Approved For Release 2002/04/01 : CIA-RDP83-01022R000100200001-1
TAB
Approved For Release 2002/04/01 : CIA-RDP83-01022R000100200001-1
Approved
? _
comes to lifer
says coluweigt
VICTOR RIMEL
Over 300.060 imht !sas A mericaes
till now have lived in a near-vacuum
of news, with only the skimpiest
knowledge of week-to-week
happenings.
Their first co,oplete source,
NEW SSV Kr 14: TALKING NAGAIMISS?
will be launched at the start o ,
1951t. Ureler a non-profit
arrangement between NswW61111111
and the 100-year-old Arneriesa
Printing House for the Blind, each
week the new issue of NiKIIIWNINC
will be theirs to hear on long-
playing records.
The eat h tita,,ti.! welcome given
this new service is expressed by
New York labor columnist Vic-
tor Riese!, bun led by an acid-
throwing gangster in 1956. Mr.
Rlesel must keep up with the
latest news as it breaks and the
background of stories.
"Braille eta feria/ is outdated by
the live yoii get it. What a
"'rot thaw to slip a record onto
mnij hiqi and est a complete news
pea en ziri re-erie it pertinent back-
wripind and the color end sae-
it-salon that ',fake peapie
conic to life."
With your support
tor the Fund.
the news can truly come alive for
blind news seekers. Help them
enjoy the complete news you read in
NEwswei:e?slinre the privilege
of keeping fully informed on all the
vital and varied news each week.
Danger-And tkterrents
While Premier Nikko khrtialv-41eN
potiond Alavalen, brandy agcl casual!)
heastisi to Seat! Hubert klinitrffirtrif of all
24,700-mile large fj-lnimb uIe.-
thousand haff-frozem ffizterienn
were veiiselessly vorking *hove the Arc-
tic Circle to put isp an electxtinkr fano'
siganist
the Red ICBM SOUS the tundra
The fence is called' for Bal
'le Earl Warning
ath mission
radar Oasts* to pick sp
Russian ICBM attack?es pail
asthe iuiki blast Apra the linreel-
sight &wean (lei Eat rnr). ?
The rattirs 4)0111,1 isit Is
COElf UStli itl I oew
Warning) The $000 niillioii spent oti
DEW was an inveshneet, in defense
against surprise attack by iet bombers.
Now, as the *puce age opens. .100-trii1e-
renge DEW eaderg are old-ftightimed.
They (Aimee reach use and "see" le time
hallsstk inisedes thundering t14/0 miles
high at speeds tip to 15.000 mph. Twin).
at these speeds, IIIISSid and the U.S.
an )0 miuutes apart.
11114d M.Msr.1111 Last week its Pres'.
dent Eisenhowee in effect, confirrned at
his news cootermice the Ruusiati capabil-
ity to make this trip, the Air F'ort'e
the Radio Corp of America (prime con-
tractor for BMEWS), tersely reported
the missile warning system is solidly oti
schedule is winter erivelops the Arteic
Behind their eeetwity-consicions prog-
ress report were month* of grim labor at
secret sites from Alaska to Crisenlerel.
In the Arctic summer, Mies' tempera-
tures were above teeming, workmiei
poured BNIEWS radar inundations-gi-
ant cuncrete bletirs that look like the
dragon's teeth of iitler's Siegliks! Line.
This %seek, as the long night closed In
and blizzards lashed the tendril, welders
added the steel gliders. protected hs
huge phrstie bulrbles shaped like circus
tents. Their schotlule Completion of di/-
first BMEWS radar near Thule, C;reen
land, by gummier, 1960: a second, at
Clear. Alaska, ane year later; then .1
thin), in SC1449E1, for flank egoteetkiii.
hiA117 Irostaterusiemrsoriellt \Alien csirn
pleted, these BMEWS radars will towel
sixteen sexier high. Instead of briencing
palm off targets .itsd clocking the rettun
(lam mutat DEW ntdmg, 13h4EWS
radar will send teettintents waves and
collect a continuous echo from the ext-
get. Maser devices build up the milli
and seriarate it tram li.mkgrratind nuke.
then the echo is electronically interro-
gated to give the target's precise die-
tonee, speed, and direction. Moreover,
Dept, NI, in* Ifiresildest ffeetaws 1 Ai this is dime at ranges of 3.000 miles a near-miss moil kneck in ICBM off
',Wilted/I. O. xt.rtfthipproved fer4teleaselB062404/0#4dC4$41:99445 -0 4132IRClOCP114t);f00001'kePtitting
' he detected ten minutes after latrixiiing trons sent mit the fireball euidml
RUSSIA slakes oil in
outdoor riboveriown, firer as
hi T-3, en RAO-mile, N-bomb-
userying animal*, al Amoutan
cfIles 3 mimufes ewey
Pleasor?serwl year oosidbutlort
tor blind nowireiookers-4o4ayl
? IiitAti id w,als, Jo hot:go add a rag-
My Mind sa? hew
w SVY EK . ii mi. Ior. el cOotoor.
. ito.oedoct on 8 sIdos al 4 len,
? of.Orool.oblo mica.. Ship/mot
ar a saimda4 aesiteasor 2 days was.
Pkobaallifad. ? ilai trecogd owe 7341, a.
,eretreftio SOI?of PAO pot weer. I*
*Korth ht ***4 Mt 54 roe
eme., woe ter ? A* "Ann
!wt.; sal to tEtit oar-Worn PEY4181e to-
use..-tn. dodut Ole
SiSOUSIVIIISKlalte
' CONTRISSI101111
testi.,
(Iii, 11051, lieu
NIMINVIrtat TALKING ammana
America* Printing Souse Its the Kind
should the Kirin! push 01i1 il,,
is orld into a inicleal -show,lim il is?il
Thanks to this NN anting tine.. .of c,
timated daml at tin! 2,700 SM. H.liefen.
carrying, bombets , and later missiles
would he airborne and lie,ided ler Illis
slit before the Red ICIi\f's tlanalered
down on target -presitinably SAC airtichls
Anti laimeli pails
There are optimists ui the Petitaeifif
ss hit argue that true missile del, Ilse. ,is
well as }mite retaliation, is possible nu,
hope: An anti missile missile i A \IM t
that woukr meet the tairtislimg etwiT
1CliSl head-on and ilestee it bei.L.I.. if
keeled end vaporivosi its I' ?; t:trvet
area. The Defense 'Department It
n ig the optimists livevily. i.et,m,- I:=,,,
'Action, the .NMNI pimeet in,o. .,-.. ,,
much as 56 billiim
There are twit keys to siit_ve,-, 'N :.th
AMM, iessritrinie ISNIFAVS does its folt.
teA irowevitil rml.er launcher ?rintri al
seconds cut cat.tpult the AMN1 ith11,11id
Warhead sinne hillii1W-ds ,Ji 'rub-'. it&
Spi4E1* frit its rendezvous with the eneity,
missile'. The NAte-7.eln. a big In-,,Ii,er ,-ti
the Nike anti-aircraft guideil missiles.
that 1.11?s ring Amerislui cities is leate,
touted try the Artn, for tins task
nut at warhset
ead shin cliousli to in
packa in the tip of a faisteinaine
Ndre-t,ym rocket hut poten4 enough to
create -a formidable heat ',nal neutron
oven high in spats! The first such war?
bald was fired last suirterit*tl.S. I'ai ill.
Testing Caul RAS, ' SI Ifilear el yS' icist.; cid.
eulated that the heat and blast edicts o'l
onenit warhead prematurely.
however, teet ii A:14)4 to
tsur !tiit
th,J4-? liki
B\ att tAtepl! thy ?
of (itenSe itli
SOCKETS
?
lionkev !mime.;
..r? it 1u,nber Of the
M)-Ltine'd
tr1 how:, huAlty tad. One of the
,du(a1h-4 .4 the munutet, flitted OWE, 10
it modat about 1 poem/. UAW
ItitrAk eyei, ohitt-factd, ttitellagent,
Prcterl the (Lam temperatures
(4 f. .uaite Smith Auictican river honks_
1,1?Atiew to posh im with the task (4
dn Ann-lit:an sew spate first. the
men last tt:eelteisrl turned
to I prom! -unt.in velsaiii of then first
hio.:,an passel,. er Hit testing.
()Id I tell-LI/it`, tiny siiiuriel ininikey
? 'tii.! 4144,1 n ler its "t.tusMl4 III
?\ ii1,jveV.11)1111d 41143, %VA.. Sent indict.
11??4 In .111,.11111? Jupiter (Mile
I it. '300 ri.rhi /TAO et friss) Cape_
,cho.t-141. L1 'the monkey was 6 ii60
in miniature of the first human passengcs
-eorieutls ,ittlied in elianinia-litied crash
h,?Imet, strai)pts1 into $ inoldid-rubbei
I reit Kill less. kneel drawn op in fotra,
LUtd poittire position tii witilatand the
st jolts of acceleration (scie below).
.Nnimals niucli lower all the eVailltit)11-
,a tree had been sent loin space before,
but this iv.is the first time a member of.:
Ole pinnate f.imay (which includes matt
out the great apes d lingered a \slide
up there. "The aqinarr,..1 monkey lias the
'anie anatoiniml 614}41-1/47 66 MA And
wide-rimer much tic oar* emotions." the
Arms %Aid. mph:Airline its choir C. Equally
imisiltant, ()Id BeltiLle tv?is
enongli to fit in the Militia" 1ts.it niiNv
available in present iipeiational
Dial' Old Relialik anti die Israttro,
Jupiter perfohno(kembendin* weti.tit
nig off at 44.in. Satiitittry-- tfie
jupitrr arehod 1,00 to tpoint
MAW Mtiueiti tht ,..kilitatic tome fifteen
mintitos lottre, The irionimiy anis in a 34.
pound box.shapi%1 Ca Mtlie ait the bisi- of
the nose kaidi sepalates fTtrin .01,?
harniaktut fuel tanks and ciiiitiones
along in Right, Niiniaturizerl
helped transmit heartbeat. polio.
blood pemoure temperature, and respira-
tion. tiny .inicronliime tripod to his
tont ***pi) Anita*, chattoi.
Wititaarjr:Ithark Mom -impaction th.,1
that monitinv inmiuent, rsa Retiabk
Amend- raiwit titan eight iiiintogs of trey
-
floating weightlessiiesa, which 'plositicee:
no signcant or ailveriii
accin to the rranii,t,,',
trainer, at. Norman Lee Harr of the
Nasal Nietlical ?Itescaieh Center.'
In stun, Mal% itt eillt.0 1,,kr
ple.ts.int flight -until the str i,I. I?,--
proesnotptly, If* 11111 1,44C711 lIstis ejup:tc:
rtrovery 'groi 1.1;11)t. (:)101wrg-Ii1?,?
Arrarigeinent
lxv-out balloter, Oa:siting nut
neeping antennas) tailed to Work. Thi:
setatr-ernie?aisi;(Wi nit
t -"OW At/antic within -sight
rescue torte. Anking
.; Anticipating 11111.11iits 1!?.
'WI &witty I,i t)it? rle% ent
ATql y
1002411900/Atblih' ii"3t?-1-411%
4 Reil.4PPrenlirsn M41qa?frWqW10411:111 CIACRUIR133-0 1 022 c
the riltireate theta f it roan in
Approved For Release 2002/04/01 : CIA-RDP83-01022R000100200001-1
TAB
Approved For Release 2002/04/01 : CIA-RDP83-01022R000100200001-1
Periscoping the Natien,
The intisidr Stkor,'
if t MI6 My
f(;()N"--- I.,ktc?t
pivviatts tips ( Nswc i i Doc. I I that lios4agen
sklentistis aa,,Ra
hviiig first \A-1Th imin e
htstieved to hw the real tAplariation for the fact
t tat the -I',S,S R. Tias -not hitinelied in,.pro
'Mks, or a It.thar probe in riteittit rniniIh
IttrIttr01,11(71. ? 4 xpert% 'who Levy ,3 t
wetet daily chart th,t the
t'i lets have indeed ita reised their sithmaritie
'tj1 Off ._the 1' S. Atiantu CI -41'4 in the last two
ouly Slightly They etrtplutivallx
deny that rQceut report of a big
1110'4 sightaigs of 11.0.1 hrise
ATLANTA, CA.? It mas lse denied, lint mi
Pcniscoeto leaMIt a big rAls ef Kil his Klansmen
I om all over Statt41 is planned fm- Bock
early next rnontb The (kite Mak: f$$$ Jan. fi
...heti a Ferlertil judge is to hi bearing on
ss hen and how officials cc-. with
integration in the- Little selionix
11144atillines to Coine
7.-1(.1),N ?"?11(10,- ?the t thistle tor 3
ityvv, xerv,. to,s.terii hear./
,1r11/4ei tit here. 13s tatt2, tofr,, led .intl illtr,t
violet LI\ s, and intliZatir,ti tr,ii hallistis
missiles, ?lidas trtiOtt ge.,? perhaps. 25 minutes'
warning id an attack The eiimpares 'with $11,, fist,
to fifti,en minutes stipposed to be Afforded 1, the
Missile Earl\ IV 4niw, s( teen
I Ni k, Dee 22) mie belt hoilt
1rER.11., 11, I -- 11,101
NV 55 CAIN/II IS 1."?pet. 1 lt -?11111(1.1 \
Il"tifS th f 'eV," eat',.
The Bold Chinn, a tsx,o 11;e linllisr$
In le him, 1-1,41 IA a born 1.000
liters tiEll111 RS target. Ali tit For**, Verci011 it the
Navy's highly tolited tilt. Nita Orion at-
reads has been teNted--'vk it h .1 HAI tifin tst? tit
14 t't,:s"- III lattnehin$_!\. I cui l 47
.1k Miamian in %poorer
Tb. Klan in 1 lute Howl.
?31111141am- Touch
Why Ibnistanin Contemn/44
Elitil.S.S1 RIB; -- A 1.t1,(1 Sct,i( t? (+1 ,h.
11.S Navy's -P441a1 1-4 Itifikt \sill lie m
lir-axis by a new ?
111-is-t4)t terojet Ltd \ "4 :J4 45 '01 .
kb model kill It.i?e .1 raitt.lt twit,
1.-'4111 miles tor the
liellahod the IllehotIlinon
IPENV if ? ()lie 34-,1,1111
ClateTS Ow 1jt, ox It R\1
gram see page That 0, tohet yeiat I Lx made
to the 1)envei plant turning I wt the big nits',iIx
tnok a firsthand liiok it die v0(11101011 1 Oh
NV,IS illtriv.tsed. and let thi, lori?sii
XENATE 41FF ? \V!( 111),,
s? It ti Herta-ilk:11i% right tit m Ii lJ(X.
hose standing dropped a Int ,iitm Ito( k4'ltlt:'t s
55 ill ill '1/4,:4'\y IItk. II.IS liciunitcd 14,I4 Hit! dit
lead. That's the (?141\t"IlS/I, ,xl -ill!
private sane\ s Tho,. t.spet-i,t1iN
Vt'eCt laritiersi-tended 14 ? ht 110141r-,scti
Rocketericr's frat tiolt )tt I It I 1 I, lei Inin
partisan etiongli
ViTION,11. tifit.',S - ??
1114 Kc'Is i?
4,1 TLC ';`,,,Vit`t Vl 11,, I
11(411 l''1,111t4 ,11"4111i1 t. public
relations chef, The 14t1) he lci to 11o.441
the month of rhino\ Ifte,hot
.111,1.ta \Itikovati t sex. 1)..e.2,t- '?
F,Wit41.s.S1 ROW ? itt t,)is
here. flit iuiiuirmt S tifitc1:1 Admit
N
,t rttilor IIIrlo'I)ISptl?sil,it?.
Where, .tre Then,- Now?
NEU- Y MA CITY ? Inhims tark-, is Ili,
-Itiniolph the Bed NI 1,1-tt111,(.4. I. 11
utuuihim rerords in the U.S in nine
11111L'aititlf-1_ a k '1; tor 'nis- "lkoeior.
the istmas s NA,
ApproVed For Release 2002/04/01 : CIA-RDP83401022R000100200001-1
iNoiinic of Thr Peri.rotor /0.4., he rrprothoceci imithatag written wr.ousiotti
Approved For Release 2002/04/01 : CIA-RDP83-01022R000100200001-1
TAB
Approved For Release 2002/04/01 : CIA-RDP83-01022R000100200001-1
Approvedr-Vor-RtAtiaSeCIA-RDP83-010 I
Newswee
NATIONAL AFFAIR;
February 16, 1959
41We in flight: T
story behind the story was the red shocker (see beloo)
A TRAP WAS SET FOR OUR C-130
The ctory the State Department told
.its chilling enough: Russian fighters had
deliberately shot down a U.S. plane fly-
,iii t over Affileilikl; and there were kW-
iartyk of Russian radio messages to prove
it. [no even more chilling was the story
the State Department only hinted at: The
plane hadn't oat-Acrid into Armenia by
mistake: it had been hued there.
The salient facts %%vie these: Last
Sept. 2. a U.S. Al' Form: C-130 trans-
port vanished with seventeen men while,
on a flight over Turkey. Later. the Xresta..:
iorted simply that it had -crashed"
ii i ii icuja. 'ii ii world now knew that
1%,(,. a barefaced lie. But what not
iIi the 'Amid knew as this7
On Sept. 8, six days alter the C-130
41111Shed, :1110014a Air Force Oriole set
detei untie how the transport could
sti ,ivt'tt ti ii its flight path in Tur-
ku!, into Sosiet airspace. It flew on ins
,t:ilitictits in the same kind of overcast
,k.,,ather and os er the sante route-from
,41 the sinitlicin coast of Turkey.,
aid to Trahmu near the Soviet
biadei thciae siaolicastuard to Van.
Alit I TU,ihtillt, the pilot of the test
.liv,iyered a sti atige thing: His
tluti fituitir, hoilinig OD the
is tov.er. failed to indicate when
!k4 ii as passnig the city. Instead it
:h,oted straight ahead- toward Russia.
111...easy r.ag moo (?,04: 414,1.1.11 equip-
, 1,11(4 Au.
,?: A NICIPO.:
r.,111 Ow hint bequency, were OM-
log hum the Black Sea cities of Bea=
and hut:, just osor the Soviet border.
if it ..1,11Apprequed
Tralmon visually become of aloud cover,
might well have followed these power-
ful beams into Russia.
Still, this was net quite the eomplete
answer. The transport had been due to
turn southeastward, toward Van, and
even if it was over the border when it
made the turn, it would soon have been
back over Turkish territory.
It was when the test plane turned at
Trabzon and set its radio direction finder
fur Van that the big,disoovery was made.
The navigators picked up an even
stranger signal that kept pulling the liDF
needle away foam Van and toward Yere-
van, the capital of Soviet Araititiiit. The
Russian signal WAS 15 kilocycles away
from the Van frequency, but so powerful
it would hardly be distinguished from
the true one. had the test plane fol-
lowed this beam, it would have bhire
dared ioto the very region where the
C-130 had gone down.
The conclusion seemed inescapable;
The Ruasaun were overpowering allied
radio beams in a deliberate attempt to
lore our planes over the border. Even
the experienced navigators aboard the
test plane admitted - they
were fooled, for a time, lq
the cnedlicting Soviet beams.
The Soviets had maples-
(tunably set a trap. but why?
'nee State Department had
,1 IV,41 I ti that TIn
La ,f 1)4.-+1
!Ill cd tD% ti tire 1/01 dui Li) ti
deliberately shot down. As
proof that It could buck up
this accusation, the State De-
FoloReleaslitt2g02,104/01 : CaRslaPf43411442=ZROPiligiQP9Qcti 7113,
transcript of the radio Coo v e r t4iu ii
among the flock of he NI1G's (like those
in the photo above) that took part
in the attack-.
"The target la a transport, four et itui aa I."
"Roger...
"I am attacking the target."
"Target speed is 3(X) fkilonieters.
about 1b0 mph]. It is turning toward the
fence [the border]."
-The target is burning."
"The teil immiscibly is falling off."
"Look at him. He will not get ica ),
he is already falling . . ."
"Yes, he is falling. I will finish him oil
boys, I will finish him oil On the run."
Ciprr?beratIng Evidesrei The State
Department would not divulge how it
got the transcript, though presumably it
caune from U.S. or allied listening posts
in Turkey'. But the transcript clearly
showed that the Soviet pilots knew their
quarry was an unarmed laioiSport, that
the attack wail unprovoked, and that it
was pressed almost gleefully. Backing
this up were photuatats of two aitieles
from the official Russian Air Fori r.
IMI describing such an attack and
U.S. 1
era ed in Arrneina la,t mtrati). '.lit
tht plant doing over Sovwi I
III'14
cent-
23
.afiAL NATlO'$.ILA. or
So a second element of risk goes
into his calculations: Intelligence. The
U.S. has not always had an accurate idea
of what the Russians have (see page.
7S), alai thc Petitagon could. therefore.
I basing Western defense on a mis-
taken idea of Russian strength. As one
example, U.S. intelligence figure* the
Rossians will has e only about .ten to
tsselve ICBM's bs December. There is
other evidence, however?based on ear.
Itcr reports?that the U.S.S.R. may have
many as 350 ICBM's by that time.
Total Coallets By basing national
defense on the strategy of massive as-
tahation, the Administration is alio
gambling that the Russians won't start
a limited war for fear that it would lead
to total war, The Pentagon believes that
the Missions so far have avoided a show-
down over Berlin. for example, beermw
don't want to rim the risk of what
it miglq !tail a.
.ro some diplomats in WashiStglica' it
a 1,0 a [Teats that the President and
Secretary tit. State John Foster Males are
gambling that they can sell the second-
best-in-missiles policy to the U.S.'s allies.
7If they can't," inie diplomat said re-
tends', "they won't have any
All such risks have been taken into
at:ilium at the White lionsti. The Presi-
dem himself, who knows that all military
strategy is a talcidated risk, found the
risks ae..iiptable, In private sessions with
the Senate and House 'ccuntnitteet
NILElnis has justified Nir. Eisenhower's
position and exhibited eomplete cim-
fidrucc about tie state of national sect,-
rits !hire is what McElroy told the
tan t4reNS111011 doliCti doors:
We won't have a war so long as we
can destroy the itossians if they start a
situ BegardIess of how many missiles
tile!. Lit, 110.w. at c;an destroy them,
,S, could now win a nuclear
t a Ali Nitre, A11.1.1411 Oa NOW
Titans: Enough in time?
war hands dossn. MeElicis says. For ac-
cording to 1.-7.S. intigligence reports, so
far, neither side hal ICBM's. (see thou.
page 29) Ttw Russians have more short-
range missiles than we do. But ours can
hit Moscow from allied bases; theirs
mold destroy 'no bases to Europe, but
could not hit the U.S. Amid though
we think that in time, missiles will be
made accurate (to hit within I to 6 miles
of the target), right now, a missile could
hit a city hut not a military installatimi.
This is why the manned bomber will
22R000100200001
be the mainsta) of our nuclear stritiog
forces for some time yet. NOkt and fit
the rest of 1959. Our weapons will be
ilstosibess and a few missiles; theirs will
be fewer hornbill-% and more missiles.
The plan for the next has years:
*In 1960 and 1961. NbiEfroy conceiii-s
tise Bmisians will have far Mare ICTINrs
-- &tat we have Atlas and Titan missiles;
but v..e will balance their ICBM advan-
loge, he !Pr. by having bombers arined
with !SOO-mile phis retnilar
bombers, plus our first submarines armed
with the Polaris missile.
*By 1962, the Beds :nay has duet
times as many ICBM's as we base, tel
probably some missile nibs, but still
have more of them: oor brombriis
cattrY UM-mile missiles, and well get
our first solid-fuel Minoteman missiles
1963 we still liroe the Mionteniaii
in Loge 11111Tiben, 1)4)1111,-
proof. underground launtiring pa is,
reads to fire at the posh .of a lintt,m
This is the broad timetable. but
NIcElroy told the Horne Aimed Sett
Committee last week. '1Ve review mu
military position month hs month, and
Van Change it."
Ile sad Mutat MtElrov's pri-
vate briefings have been more reassurnw,
than his public NlitilaelitS. 11 Lilly ii,-
gres5ional leaders still are worried abont
the prospects of a gnus mug "11 ii is he gm p
Coussessitstud worries increased stit ii
Con. Thnitus Power, SAC commandei,
admitted it is -cola eivable- tl.at S
mold he destroyed by one massive salvo
of Red missiles.?
Such testimony only added to Capoi?I
it( -,,,nrrum it wide,ineadi ...pinion, Ow Alr Fide,
never ban kiwi ? 14-hair "air diliert--- innui?-ri in tin
ittr, trial) hi itatk. Corti. Atha... F.
the Joint t widit 14 stall had a Ili Rt. 1
Wit Ceti lastMere Hui rat PlIwei,
%tall a5,,tl runt SAC. t..id Seise.' ceiteiiiitie tg
trIttila hike he hate ,?
lite die se di tune,
How
Much Do We Know About the Military
1 lii I S has no Slats Ilan inside the
ki emit!'stalls?so the official story goes.
Instead, the ( 'entral Intelligence
Agents and less well-known American
espionage groups get most of their Intel'
ligiricri about the 17.5.S,11. front more
pedestrian sources?tifficial Bed &icy-
rirt14*, Let hirical inmals, monitored
visual
Liter TO the astonishment of these ex-
pests, the Russians held their first a tontic-
bomb test M
*Korea: Thisugh the North Korean Corn.
monists had staged a_ carefully planned
sedeS of herder raids- and had niiirle
repeated Teem inaissarrees- ini=fnie? . V S
troops in Saudi Korea hod no inkihig
us alLotif Arms-
airs stilt
nrtlrr raid.
loner ftiintut
I
411 i
ITT)t# ott A
Tie
S t e-e-rrie
t rat
? ? ?
SI
HitsNimis :tutitally belt 10 (NW!) ?i ti,,
11141-boutbt High-altitude planes iv e'er], it.g
fro. intaigtiiicit?serioped ,zati
ples that tleteetell the first Sos tLei
rnomielear erplosiot hi Aligirst
Tntfignee cheriiis+ :Maly rill- the nidi.-
"Non of the fios-tet Mast, eomfirrrieil the
5 mac as it great
it Force in Kfirea
out F-44 could fly
cl wits Inca, licavils
i
2fidfr.4101K-Abri' 4''
,.01
thnih =
FThy,..f ;ant
therelw of?tlii
seven- neinths-1.
lilted bombers:The =isletr ttt their
Bison bomber ;inn' a
pitstuelinri- venr,
intrIlifieffee eqs- ted. -
?%
partnater,_ t trit Hr.!!! it
otrnat
I -I
It-14,11h 1), iht? 1)1-1V
tozicernigimprichygfilfgr.fgatease 2002/04/01 : CIA-RDP83-01022R000100200001-1
tht? details of defense cutbacks fri;
.1 year have convinced many Dew-
ts that McElroy has knuckled up*
-the budget people." But despitti this
...rvation, McElroy is still very well
...11 int both sides of the aisle in both
af Congress. Ile is considered, a
..sst improvement over his pr,
has none of Charles E. Wilson's stub-
holimess and Lick of tact. Wilson as
in the habit of addressing distinguished
senators as "you people"; but McElroy
remembers names, is always polite, and
N% hen he's wrong, he admits it.
Siaid Areesapflobasestgal
nred against his predecessor, McElroy,
former head of Procter & Gamble, has
ritten a good record in his one and a
half sears at the Pentagon. He came in
at a time v hen the nation ;lona
that the Administration match the us-
sian sputniks, get more U.S. missiles bat,
and end interservice rivalry.. In quick
time, McElroy did persuade the White
!louse to lift the defense-spending' ce117
mg. fie brought the Army into the satel-
lite program, and put the first U.S.
satellites in orbit. He restored basic-
research programs that had been cut for
economy reasons ("who cares why the
grass is green?" was Charlie Wllson'i at-
titude toward basic research); McElroy
speeded progress on both the Atlas and
the Titan, which was successfully tested
Lkst ueek?well ahead of schedule. He
stepped up work on the Polaris and Min-
uteman, ordered five missile submarines,
and kiss begun reorganizing the riafense
Department to eliminate costly dvbct-
tfom of effort. Though interservice ri-
valry still exists, McElroy has even done
much to ease that pmjalem.
In the privacy of the Pentagon and
befure the National Security Conned.
MeElmy has made It dear that he
? 0 ?
In Russia
through new anti-aircraft missiles. While
tin. %VAS C011een 40111 g tam bomber
deletises, Russia got busy on ansaiks.
11? Missiles: As early as 1954, intelligence
gained through technical literature, tray.
chug scientists, and industrial statistics
showed that the U-S.S.ft. had launched
4 major program to build minden, A
kit. Air Force
Fieked up the S'oviets. first intensisidistes
fangs, missile tests beginning Mi 1916
AwmilorIng tile upper atmosphere.
The
muse station detected the first
successful iniercontaiental missile
iii August 1957. A vest network al elev.
[noun monitoring devices in the Now
and Middle East also keeps mutant ,
liVOri0,0t fil#0ease-
,itl 11 (Ail