(UNTITLED)

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP83-00423R001000470002-7
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: K
• Document Page Count: 18
• Document Creation Date: November 9, 2016
• Document Release Date: April 29, 1999
• Sequence Number: 2
• Content Type: BOOK

Approved For Release 1999/09/10 : CIA-RDP83-004100
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Approved For Release 1999/09/10 : CIA-RDP83-00423R001000470002-7
 PYRGHT IHERE ARE SEVERAL TYPES OF PAPER MACHINES IN OPERATION TODAY. EACH TYPE HAS MODI-
F'AthMbied Fdf Rdfe e1999-/09b10L:I(DlA-,RDPG) OO4 dRO?n09O47AOO0a2N R LOCAL
CON 1 IONS, AS WELL AS THE ACTUAL MARKET REQUIREMENTS. PAPER MACHINES ARE NOT BUILT AS
STANDARD PIECES OF EQUIPMENT BUT ARE CONSTRUCTED ACCORDING 70 THE GRADE OF PAPER TO BE
MANUFACTURED. THROUGHOUT THE VARIED TYPES OF PAPER MACHINE DESIGNS, THE SAME ESSENTIAL
PARTS ARE FOUND IN EVERY MAKE OF MACHINE.
THE FIRST PAPER MACHINES HAD NO SUCTION BOXES OR SUCTION ROLLS AND REQUIRED NO
VACUUM PUMPS BECAUSE OF'THE EXTREMELY SLOW SPEED. As MACHINE SPEEDS WERE INCREASED TO,
OBTAIN GREATER PRODUCTION, VARIOUS METHODS OF REMOVING WATER BY VACUUM WERE USED. THE
TREND TODAY IS FOR CONTINUED INCREASE IN MACHINE SPEEDS, REQUIRING MORE WATER REMOVAL
EQUIPMENT AND MORE VACUUM PUMPS.
FOURDRINIER MACHINE
THE FOURDRINIER MACHINE IS DIVIDED INTO'TWO MAIN SECTIONS, THE WET AND THE DRY END.
THE PULP FIBRES WHICH HAVE BEEN PREPARED BY THE BEATERS, OR THE JORDANS, ARE BROUGHT TO
THE WET END OF THE MACHINE AND FELTED INTO A SHEET OF PAPER OR BOARD. THIS SHEET IS
CARRIED IN THROUGH THE PRESS SECTION TO THE DRYER SECTION WHERE THE REMAINING MOISTURE
IS REMOVED AND THE SHEET THEN IS WOUND ON ROLLS READY FOR SHIPMENT.
To SERVE AS A GUIDE IN THE STUDY OF THE FOURDRINIER MACHINE, THE FOLLOWING, LIST OF
ESSENTIAL PARTS IS GIVEN:
1.
HEAD BOX
7.
SUCTION BOXES
13.
FELT CONDITIONERS
2.
APRON
8.
DANDY ROLL
14.
WET FELTS
3.
SLICES
9.
SHAKE
15.
DRYERS
4.
FOURDRINIER
WIRE
10.
SUCTION COUCH ROLLS
16
CALENDERS
5.
TABLE ROLLS 11.
SUCTION PRESS ROLLS
.
17.
REELS
6.
DECKLE STRAPS 12.
PLAIN PRESS ROLLS
18.
WINDER
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PA(`F TWA
HEAD Box
THE PULP FIBRES ARE DELIVERED TO THE HEAD BOX, WHICH, IS DESIGNED TO ALLOW THE WATER
AND PULP MIXTURETO.FLOW UPON THE APRON AND THE WIRE. THE OUTLET FROM THIS BOX IS DESIGNED
SO THAT THE STOCK STREAM IS SMOOTH AND FREE FROM ANY TURBULENCE WHICH WOULD CAUSE UNEVEN
CONSISTENCY AS IT FLOWS ON TO THE WIRE.
APRON AND SLICES
THE APRON IS MERELY A CONDUIT OR SHALLOW TROUGH WH.ICH.GUIDES THE STOCK FROM THE HEAD
BOX TO THE, WIRE. THE SLICES ARE PLACED ACROSS THE WIRE IN A VERTICAL POSITION AND ACT AS
A DAM IN HOLDING BACK THE STOCK, THUS INSURING A STEADY FLOW OF WATER AND FIBRE AT THIS
POINT. THERE ARE USUALLY TWO SLICES AND THESE ARE ADJUSTED TO CONFORM WITH THE WIDTH OF
THE SHEET.
FOURDRINIER WIRES
THE FOURDRINIER WIRE HAS A SEVERE DUTY TO PERFORM AND THEREFORE IT MUST BE CAREFULLY
MADE FROM THE BEST MATERIALS AVAILABLE. HIGH GRADE PHOSPHOR. BRONZE, HIGH GRADE BRASS WIRE
AND MONEL METAL ARE COMMONLY USED IN ITS MANUFACTURE. THE RANGE OF MESH OF THESE WIRES
VARIES, DEPENDING UPON THE GRADE OF PAPER TO BE MADE. THE FINER MESH WOULD BE USED FOR SPE-
CIAL PAPERS SUCH AS CONDENSER AND CIGARETTE PAPER., THIS WIRE IS JOINED-TOGETHER IN THE
FORM OF AN ENDLESS BELT AND CARRIES THE STOCK OVER THE SUCTION BOXES AND COUCH ROLL TO THE
PRESS SECTIONS. FROM HERE THE SHEET IS CARRIED ON FELTS TO THE DRYER SECTION OF THE PAPER
MACHINE. WIRES ON HIGH SPEED MACHINES, SUCH AS NEWSPRINT, WHICH RUN AS HIGH AS 1500 FEET
PER MINUTE OR MORE, MAY BE RAISED AT THE BREAST ROLL. THIS FEATURE IS SOMETIMES EMPLOYED
UNLESS A PRESSURE HEAD BOX IS USED, TO ENABLE THE STOCK TO MOVE AT THE SAME RATE OF SPEED
AS THE FOURDRINIER WIRE. IF THE STOCK WERE MOVING MORE SLOWLY THAN THE WIRE, THE SHEET
WOULD BE ROUGH AND NOT PROPERLY FELTED. IF THE STOCK WERE RUNNING FASTER THAN THE WIRE, A
STREAKY SHEET MIGHT RESULT AS THE STOCK MAY ACCUMULATE IN PUDDLES.
A SHEET OF PAPER BEGINS TO FORM SOON AFTER THE STOCK HAS TRAVELED A SHORT DISTANCE
ON THE WIRE. A GUIDE ROLL CONTROLLED BY AN AUTOMATIC DEVICE CALLED THE "WIRE GUIDE" IS USED
TO KEEP THE WIRE IN PROPER ALIGNMENT. IT IS USUALLY LOCATED BETWEEN THE SUCTION COUCHROLL
.AND THE LAST SUCTION BOX AND IS AT THE SAME ELEVATION AS THE SUCTION BOX.
TABLE ROLLS
THE FOURDRINIER WIRE TRAVELS OVER, AND IS SUPPORTED BYA SERIES OF ROLLS CALLED "TABLE
ROLLS". THESE ROLLS ARE PLACED IN A PARALLEL POSITION, FORMING A TABLE, AND THEY AID IN
DRAINING THE WATER FROM THE STOCK BEING CARRIED ON THE WIRE. THE COMPARATIVELY FINE MESH
HAS ENOUGH CAPILLARY ATTRACTION TO HOLD MOST OF THE LIQUID ON TOP OF THE WIRE. THE TABLE
ROLLS ARE ROTATED BY THE TRAVELING WIRE, OVERCOMING THIS ATTRACTION AND ALLOWING THE WATER
TO DRAIN AWAY. IT WILL BE NOTED THAT THERE IS A CONTINUOUS STREAM OF WATER LEAVING THE
FORWARD SIDE OF EACH ROLL.
DECKLE STRAPS
IN SOME CASES A NARROW ENDLESS BELT OR STRAP IS LOCATED ON EACH SIDE OF THE FOUR-
DRINIER WIRE, WITH THE UNDERSIDE LYING FLAT ON THE WIRE. THESE ARE CALLED "DECKLE STRAPS"
AND PREVENT THE FIBRES FROM SPREADING BY FORMING A DAM ON THE SIDE OF THE WIRE. THESE
DECKLE STRAPS ARE CARRIED ON INDIVIDUAL PULLEYS WHICH CAN BE MOVED IN OR OUT, THUS FIXING.
THE WIDTH OF THE SHEET. 'THE STRAPS HOLD THE EDGES OF THE SHEET UNTIL IT BECOMES SUFFI-
CIENTLY FELTED AND DRAINED TO A CONSISTENCY WHERE IT CAN STAND UP WITHOUT SPREADING FOR
THE REMAINING TRAVEL ON THE WIRE.
SUCTION BOXES
As CAN BE SEEN, IT IS NECESSARY TO?EMPLOY SOME FURTHER METHOD OF DRAINAGE IN ORDER
TO FACILITATE THE REMOVAL OF WATER FROM THE WIRE AND SHEET WITHIN A REASONABLE TIME. SUC-
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THREE
TION BOXES ARE INSTALLED FOR THIS PURPOSE AND ARE USUALLY MADE OF BRONZE AND FITTED WITH
COVERS OF VARIOUS MATERIALS. THEY EXTEND FOR THE FULL WIDTH OF THE MACHINE AND THE COVERS
IN MOST CASES HAVE.1/2" DRILLED HOLES OR OTHER OPENINGS WHICH ALLOW THE WATER TO DRAIN
FROM THE WIRE AS IT PASSES OVER THE BOX. As MANY AS TWELVE OF THESE SUCTION BOXES MAY BE
USED ON ONE PAPER MACHINE. THESE BOXES ARE TIGHTLY CONSTRUCTED AND HAVE A CONNECTION AT
EITHER OR BOTH ENDS WHICH IS PIPED TO A VACUUM PUMP. PLUNGERS, OR ADJUSTABLE PLUGS, ARE
INSTALLED IN THE ENDS OF EACH BOX SO THAT THE VACUUM AREA MAY BE INCREASED OR DECREASED,
DEPENDING UPON THE WIDTH OF SHEET DESIRED.
THE DESIGN OF PAPER MACHINES HAS BEEN IMPROVED TO ALLOW FOR GREATER WIDTH OR GREAT-
ER SPEEDS BUT THE CROSS SECTIONAL AREA AND SIZE OF THE END OPENING ON THESE SUCTION BOXES
IN SOME CASES HAS NOT BEEN CHANGED; CONSEQUENTLY THERE ARE MACHINES OPERATING TODAY WHICH
DO NOT HAVE ADEQUATE OPENINGS TO HANDLE THE AMOUNT. OF WATER BEING PULLED INTO THE BOX.
THE PRESSURE DROP THROUGH THIS OPENING MAY AMOUNT TO THE EQUIVALENT OF 6th OF MERCURY. THIS
CONDITION MAKES FOR AN'UNEQUAL DISTRIBUTION OF VACUUM IN THE BOX ACROSS THE WIDTH OF THE
MACHINE, WHICH MAY CAUSE BLOWING OR STREAKS IN THE SHEET, AS WELL AS HAVING THE SHEET WET
ON THE BACK SIDE OF THE MACHINE.
THE AMOUNT OF VACUUM CARRIED IN THESE SUCTION BOXES VARIES WITH THE TYPE OF PAPER
BEING MADE. SOME PAPER MAKERS FIND IT ADVISABLE TO CARRY A DIFFERENT VACUUM ON EACH BOX.
PLEASE REFER TO SKETCH 1965 SHOWING TYPICAL ARRANGEMENT OF THESE SUCTION BOXES WITH PIP-
ING AND VALVES ARRANGED SO THAT THE VACUUM MAY BE VARIED ON EACH INDIVIDUAL BOX. THE
MINI-MUM VACUUM FOR MAXIMUM WATER REMOVAL SHOULD BE CARRIED TO PROLONG WIRE LIFE. THE
FIRST BOXES REMOVE THE GREATEST AMOUNT OF WATER; THE LAST OR DRY BOXES THEREFORE WILL HAN-
DLE MORE AIR.
YOU WILL NOTE THAT THE WATER THROUGH EACH OF THESE BOXES IS CARRIED IN A BAROMETRIC
LEG TO AN OPEN SEAL TANK OR TROUGH IN THE BASEMENT OF THE MILL. THE WHITE WATER IN THIS
OPEN TANK IS USUALLY RETURNED TO THE SYSTEM, AS IT IS TOO VALUABLE TO WASTE. ELEVATIONS,
SIZES OF PIPE, ETC., DEPEND UPON THE TYPE OF PRODUCT, WIDTH OF MACHINE, ETC., AND MUST BE
SPECIFIED FOR EACH PARTICULAR APPLICATION. ON MOST GRADES OF PAPER THE QUANTITY OF AIR
IS TOO GREAT TO BE HANDLED BY BAROMETRIC ACTION ALONE. THE PRESSURE DROP THROUGH A PIPE
LINE CARRYING WATER AND, AIR IS APPRECIABLY GREATER THAN WITH WATER OR AIR ALONE. IT IS
ADVISABLE THEREFORE TO USE A VACUUM PUMP- WITH A BAROMETRIC SYSTEM TO INSURE ADEQUATE WA-
TER REMOVAL.
IN SOME MILLS THE SUCTION BOXES ARE CONNECTED TO A VACUUM PUMP WHICH ALSO SERVES
SOME OTHER PART OF THE PAPER MACHINE. THIS IS NOT CONSIDERED GOOD OPERATING PRACTICE AS
VACUUM CONTROL AT THE SUCTION BOXES IS MORE DIFFICULT. .IF IT IS SATISFACTORY TO CARRY
THE SAME VACUUM ON ALL OF THE SUCTION BOXES, A PIPING ARRANGEMENT SIMILAR TO THAT SHOWN
ON SKETCH 1964 MAY BE USED. HERE AGAIN THE SIZE OF PIPE MUST BE SPECIFIED FOR EACH MA-
CHINE.
BOTH OF THE PRECEDING ARRANGEMENTS ARE BASED ON THE ASSUMPTION THAT THE PAPER MILL
HAS A BASEMENT OF SUFFICIENT DEPTH TO ALLOW FOR WATER REMOVAL FROM THE BOX BY BAROMETRIC
SEPARATION. IF THE DESIGN. OF THE PAPER MILL IS SUCH THAT A BAROMETRIC LEG ARRANGEMENT
CANNOT BE USED, THEN IT BECOMES NECESSARY TO EMPLOY THE USE OF A SEPARATING TANK AND CEN-
TRIFUGAL PUMP TO ACCOMPLISH THIS TASK AS THE AMOUNT OF WATER REMOVED IS TOO GREAT FOR THE
VACUUM PUMP TO HANDLE. A CHECK VALVE SHOULD BE PLACED IN THE DISCHARGE LINE OF THE CEN-
TRIFUGAL PUMP TO PREVENT THE VACUUM PUMP FROM PULLING IN AIR DURING THE START-UP PERIOD.
GENERAL DETAILS OF SUCH AN INSTALLATION ARE SHOWN ON SKETCH 1958. IT WILL BE APPRECIATED,
'OF COURSE, THAT IF THIS WHITE WATER IS NOT REMOVED AHEAD OF THE VACUUM PUMP, NOT ONLY WILL
MORE POWER BE CONSUMED, BUT THE PUMP IS LIABLE TO HAVE ASHORTER LIFE OWING TO CORROSION
OR ABRASION IN HANDLING THE WHITE WATER WITH AIR.
THE AMOUNT OF VACUUM CARRIED ON THE SUCTION BOXES VARIES IN DIFFERENT INSTALLATIONS.
THERE MAY BE ONLY 2" OF VACUUM IN SOME INSTANCES WHEREAS' IN OTHER MILLS THIS MAY BE AS
GREAT AS 10" OF MERCURY. THE LOAD ON THE WIRE AND THE FRICTION CAUSED BY THE MOVING WIRE
ON THE STATIONARY BOXES IS DIRECTLY PROPORTIONAL TO THE AMOUNT OF VACUUM CARRIED. FOR
THIS REASON IT AS BEST NOT TO HAVE THE VACUUM TOO HIGH AS IT WOULD CAUSE CONSIDERABLE WEAR
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ON THE WIRE AND FURTHERMORE IT MAY BE IMPOSSIBLE TO DRIVE THE WIRE IF THE VACUUM IS TOO
GREAT. SLIPPAGE AT THE COUCH, DUE TO TOO MUCH DRAG OVER THE FLAT BOXES, CAUSES EXCESSIVE
WEAR OF THE WIRE AT THE COUCH ROLL.
DANDY ROLL
THE DANDY ROLL IS DESIGNATED AS SUCH PROBABLY BECAUSE OF ITS EFFECT UPON THE AP-
PEARANCE ON THE FINISHED SHEET. THIS ROLL AS USED IN PRESENT-DAY MANUFACTURE PERFORMS
TWO IMPORTANT FUNCTIONS; FIRST TO SMOOTH DOWN AND HARDEN THE SHEET; SECOND TO WATER-MARK
THE SHEET.
THE SHAKE
AS THE FIBRES FLOW FROM THE HEAD BOX ON TO THE FOURDRINIER WIRE THEY MAY HAVE A NAT-
URAL TENDENCY TO SET THEMSELVES WITH THEIR LENGTHS PARALLEL TO THE STREAM. IF THIS CON=
DITION WERE NOT CORRECTED, THE PAPER PRODUCED WOULD BE VERY WEAK WHEN TESTED AT RIGHT AN-
GLES TO ITS LENGTH. IT IS SOMETIMES NECESSARY TO PROVIDE SOME MEANS OF SHAKING THE WIRE
SO THAT THE FIBRES WILL INTERMINGLE, THUS PRODUCING A SHEET OF PAPER WHICH IS MORE PROPERLY
FELTED. THERE ARE A NUMBER OF METHODS USED TO PRODUCE THIS SIDE MOTION.
SUCTION COUCH ROLL
THE SUCTION COUCH ROLL CONSISTS OF A PERFORATED BRONZE SHELL. IT IS SO NAMED BE-
CAUSE AT THIS POINT ON THE PAPER MACHINES THE SHEET OF PAPER IS STRONG ENOUGH TO CARRY ITS
OWN WEIGHT. THE WORD "COUCH" COMES FROM THE FRENCH WORD "ACCOUCHER" SIGNIFYING BIRTH. IN
THIS CASE IT SIGNIFIES THE BIRTH OF THE SHEET OF PAPER. THE SHEET OF PAPER, AFTER BEING
CARRIED ALONG ON THE WIRE, PASSES OVER-THE SUCTION COUCH ROLL. THIS COUCH ROLL CONTAINS A
STATIONARY BOX WHICH IS SUPPORTED AGAINST THE INNER SURFACE OF THE REVOLVING SHELL AND IS
SEALED WITH SPECIAL PACKING. -A CONNECTION ON THE END OF THE SUCTION BOX INSIDE THE SUR-
FACE OF THE REVOLVING COUCH ROLL IS PIPED TO A VACUUM PUMP. THE WIDTH OF THIS BOX IN THE
SUCTION COUCH ROLL VARIES FROM 6" TO AS MUCH AS 16"; IN FACT ON SOME NEWSPRINT MACHINES A
DOUBLE SUCTION BOX IS USED, THE FIRST-COMPARTMENT BEING DESIGNED FOR LOW VACUUM AND THE
SECOND COMPARTMENT FOR HIGH VACUUM. THE TOTAL WIDTH OF THESE TWO COMPARTMENTS MAY BE AS
GREAT AS 21", WITH A VACUUM AS HIGH AS 24" BEING CARRIED ON THE SECOND OR DRY BOX. THE
ADVANTAGE OF OPERATING SUCTION COUCH ROLLS UNDER A HIGH VACUUM IS AT PRESENT A CONTROVER-
SIAL SUBJECT AMONG MACHINE BUILDERS.
PRESS ROLLS
THE SHEET, AFTER LEAVING THE COUCH ROLL, PASSES TO THE PRESS SECTION. THIS IS USU-
ALLY MADE UP OF ONE OR MORE SUCTION PRESS ROLLS AND ALSO PLAIN PRESS'ROLLS. THE SHEET IS
CARRIED ON ENDLESS WET WOOLEN FELTS FROM THE WIRE THROUGH THIS PART OF THE PAPER MACHINE.
THE BOTTOM ROLL OF EACH SUCTION PRESS IS CONSTRUCTED SIMILAR TO A SUCTION'COUCH ROLL, WITH
A STATIONARY SUCTION BOX HELD NEXT TO THE INNER SURFACE OF THE SHELL. THIS BOX IS MUCH
NARROWER THAN THE ONE USED IN THE SUCTION COUCH ROLL, USUALLY BEING ABOUT 4" IN WIDTH.
WIDER BOXES AND DOUBLE BOXES ARE NOW BEING DEVELOPED. THEREFORE IN SELECTING A VACUUM
PUMP FOR SUCTION PRESS ROLLS IT IS ADVISABLE TO INQUIRE INTO THE BOX WIDTH. THE PLAIN
PRESS ROLLS OF COURSE DO NOT HAVE ANY SUCTION BOXES AS THEIR FUNCTION IS TO SMOOTH AND
FLATTEN OUT THE SHEET OF PAPER BETWEEN THE TWO ROLLS BEFORE IT IS CARRIED TO THE DRYERS.
THESE PRESS ROLLS, WHICH ARE SUPPORTED IN BEARINGS, ARE SUBJECT TO BENDING FROM THEIR OWN
WEIGHT,.AS WELL AS THE PRESSURE EXERTED UPON THEM. THEY ARE THEREFORE DESIGNED WITH A
CROWN THAT IS LARGER IN DIAMETER AT THE MIDDLE THAN AT THE END AND GRADUALLY TAPERING FROM
THE MIDDLE. THESE ROLLS ARE USUALLY RUBBER COVERED.
WET FELTS
THE WET FELTS PREVIOUSLY MENTIONED ARE USUALLY MADE OF WOOL. THEY ACT AS A CARRIER
TO SUCCEEDING PARTS OF THE MACHINES AND ALSO AS A BLOTTER, ALLOWING WATER PRESSED FROM
THE PAPER TO BE REMOVED.
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THE FUNCTION OF THE DRYER SECTION OF THE PAPER MACHINE IS TO REMOVE THE MOISTURE
FROM THE SHEET AFTER IT LEAVES THE LAST PAIR OF PRESS ROLLS. AT THIS POINT THE PAPER WILL
CONTAIN 60 PERCENT TO 70 PER CENT OF WATER. THIS SECTION CONSISTS OF A SERIES OF HOLLOW
CAST IRON CYLINDERS. STEAM IS ADMITTED TO THE REVOLVING CYLINDERS WHICH DRY THE SHEET.,OVO
THE CONDENSATION IS REMOVED FROM THE CYLINDERS BY VARIOUS METHODS. HAS
BEEN MOST SUCCESSFUL IN MEETING THE REQUIREMENTS IN PAPER MILLS BY FURNISHING SPECIAL
DRYER DRAINAGE EQUIPMENT FOR THIS APPLICATION.
CALENDERS
FROM THE DRYERS THE PAPER GOES TO THE CALENDER SECTION, WHICH IS A VERTICAL BANK OF
HIGHLY POLISHED, CAST IRON ROLLS. THE PURPOSE OF THE CALENDERS IS TO GIVE A SMOOTH AND
EVEN SURFACE TO THE PAPER.
REELS AND WINDERS
THE PAPER LEAVES THE CALENDERS AND IS WOUND ON REELS FROM WHICH IT GOES TO THE WIND-
ER. THE PAPER IS THEN CUT BY A SLITTER AND WOUND INTO ROLLS OF THE DESIRED SIZE AND WIDTH
FOR SHIPMENT.
CYLINDER MACHINE
A CYLINDER MACHINE LIKE THE FOURDRINIER IS DIVIDED INTO TWO MAIN SECTIONS - THE WET
END AND THE DRY END. THE WET END OF THE CYLINDER MACHINE DIFFERS MATERIALLY FROM THAT OF
THE FOURDRINIER IN CONSTRUCTION BUT THE DRY END IS ESSENTIALLY THE SAME..
THIS MACHINE GETS ITS NAME FROM THE FACT THAT. A HORIZONTAL CYLINDER, HOLLOW IN THE
CENTER, OPEN AT THE ENDS, AND COVERED WITH A WIRE CLOTH, REVOLVES PARTLY SUBMERGED IN A
VAT OR TROUGH THROUGH WHICH PREPARED PULP IS CONTINUALLY CIRCULATED.
AS THE CYLINDER ROTATES, WATER FROM THE STOCK PASSES THROUGH THE WIRE MESH TO THE
INTERNAL SECTION OF THE ROLL. THE FIBRES CLING TO THE OUTSIDE. THE HEAD CREATED BY THE
DIFFERENCE IN ELEVATION BETWEEN. THE STOCK LEVEL IN THE VAT AND THE LEVEL OF THE WATER IN-
SIDE THE CYLINDER FORMS THE THIN WEB ON THE OUTSIDE SURFACES. THE WATER IS REMOVED FROM
THE INTERNAL SECTION AT THE ENDS.
IT WAS DISCOVERED THAT TWO OR MORE LAYERS OF PAPER COULD BE BROUGHT TOGETHER BY
MEANS OF ADDITIONAL CYLINDERS AND FORMED INTO A SINGLE SHEET. A SHEET OF PAPER MADE BY
THIS METHOD HAS DESIRABLE QUALITIES DUE TO ITS LAMINATED STRUCTURE. FROM THIS FOLLOWED
THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE PRESENT-DAY MULTI-CYLINDER MACHINE. THE CYLINDER MACHINES CAN
THEREFORE BE CLASSIFIED INTO A SINGLE CYLINDER OR MULTI-CYLINDER TYPE.
COUCH ROLL
THE WEB IS CARRIED TO THE TOP OF THE CYLINDER AND THERE COMES IN CONTACT WITH AN
ENDLESS TRAVELING WET FELT WHICH IS PRESSED AGAINST THE SURFACE OF THE REVOLVING CYLINDER
BY MEANS OF A COUCH ROLL. THE FUNCTION OF THE COUCH ROLL ON A CYLINDER MACHINE IS DIF-
FERENT FROM THE SUCTION COUCH AS USED ON THE FOURDRINIER. SINCE A WET SHEET OF PAPER WILL
ALSO STICK TO THE SMOOTHER SURFACE, THE WEB IS TRANSFERRED TO THE FELT. FROM HERE IT IS
CARRIED ALONG THROUGH THE SUCTION OR PRESS ROLLS WHERE THE WATER IS REMOVED FROM THE FI-
BRES AND THE SHEET PRESSED INTO A FIRM MAT. THE SHEET IS THEN CARRIED THROUGH THE DRYER
SECTION TO THE CALENDERS.
PLAIN PRESSES
TO FACILITATE WATER REMOVALS 'THE FELT AND SHEET IS ALLOWED TO PASS THROUGH A SERIES
OF SMALL PRESS ROLLS CALLED tIBABYn PRESSES AND THENCE TO THE MAIN PRESSES WHERE THE MAIN
PRESSURE IS APPLIED TO SQUEEZE OUT THE WATER.
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PLAIN EXTRACTOR
A PLAIN EXTRACTOR HAS BEEN DEVELOPED WHICH IS PLACED ON THE CYLINDER MACHINE IMME-
DIATELY FOLLOWING THE LAST COUCH. A SMALL ROLL IS PLACED ON TOP OF,THE PLAIN EXTRACTOR,
WITH THE SHEET AND FELT RUNNING BETWEEN. THIS COMBINATION MAY NOT REMOVE SUFFICIENT WA-
TER AT HIGHER MACHINE SPEEDS; CONSEQUENTLY THE SUCTION EXTRACTOR WAS DEVELOPED. THIS IS
A DRILLED BRONZE ROLL COVERED WITH WIRE MESH AND HAVING A SOFT RUBBER ROLL RIDING ON TOP.
THE SHEET AND FELT PASS BETWEEN THESE ROLLS, THE SHEET BEING IN DIRECT CONTACT WITH THE
WIRE MESH. A 4" SUCTION BOX IS SUPPORTED INSIDE THE PERFORATED PRESS ROLL AND IS CON-
NECTED TO A VACUUM-,PUMP. THIS ROLL REMOVES A GREAT QUANTITY OF WATER AND THEREFORE IT IS
ADVISABLE TO USE SOME METHOD OF SEPARATION AHEAD OF THE VACUUM PUMPS.
SUCTION DRUM
ANOTHER DESIGN OF WATER REMOVAL EQUIPMENT CALLED THE "SUCTION DRUM" IS SOMETIMES
USED IMMEDIATELY FOLLOWING THE LAST COUCH. THIS IS A DRILLED BRONZE ROLL HAVING A SUC-
TION-BOX WITH WIDTHS FROM 14 TO 21". THE BOX IS ALSO CONNECTED TO A VACUUM PUMP. SEPA-
RATION OF WATER AHEAD OF THE VACUUM PUMP IS RECOMMENDED.
SUCTION DRUM PRESS ROLL
THE SUCTION DRUM PRESS ROLL WAS LATER DEVELOPED, WHICH IS SIMILAR TO THE SUCTION
DRUM BUT HAVING A HARD RUBBER ROLL RIDING ON TOP. TWO FELTS ARE USED WITH SUCTION DRUM
PRESS, WITH THE SHEET BETWEEN.
SUCTION PRESS ROLL
THE CONSTRUCTION OF THE SUCTION PRESS ROLL AS USED ON THE CYLINDER MACHINE IS SIMI-
LAR TO THE TYPE PREVIOUSLY DESCRIBED IN CONNECTION WITH THE FOURDRINIER.
SUCTION FELT BOXES
THESE BOXES ARE OF VARIED DESIGNS BUT ARE OFTEN SIMILAR TO A PIPE SECTION HAVING AN
OPEN SLOT WITH ROUNDED EDGES 1/2" TO 5/8" WIDE OVER WHICH THE FELT TRAVELS. THESE BOXES
EXTEND FOR THE FULL WIDTH OF THE MACHINE. ONE OR BOTH ENDS OF THESE BOXES ARE CONNECTED
TO A VACUUM PUMP OR TO A BAROMETRIC LEG SEPARATION SYSTEM. IT IS ADVISABLE TO SEPARATE
THE WATER AHEAD OF THE PUMP BECAUSE OF THE PIECES OF LINT AND OTHER FOREIGN PARTICLES EX-
TRACTED FROM THE FELT. THESE PARTICLES MAY BUILD UP IN THE VACUUM PUMP AND CAUSE EXCES-
SIVE WEAR IN THE CLEARANCES.
SUCTION FELT ROLLS
SUCTION FELT ROLLS ARE USED IN PREFERENCE TO FLAT BOXES AS THERE IS LESS WEAR ON
THE FELTS. A STATIONARY BOX IS HELD INSIDE THE ROLL NEXT TO THE FELT AND THE WATER IS
EXTRACTED BY MEANS OF APPLIED VACUUM. HERE AGAIN SEPARATION OF WATER AHEAD OF THE PUMP
IS RECOMMENDED.
VICKERY CONDITIONERS
A FELT CLEANER WHICH MOVES BACK AND FORTH ACROSS THE FELT MAY BE USED ON ALL TYPES
OF MACHINES. THESE ARE CALLED "VICKERY CONDITIONERS". THE NUMBER AND SIZE OF SHOES AP-
PLIED DEPEND UPON THE SPEED AND WIDTH OF THE MACHINE, AS WELL AS THE PRODUCT MADE.
HARPER FOURDRINIER MACHINE
THE HARPER FOURDRINIER MACHINE CLOSELY RESEMBLES THE STANDARD FOURDRINIER MACHINE.
THE ONLY DIFFERENCE AS IN THE WET END. THE WET END OF THE HARPER IS LIKE THAT OF THE
FOURDRINIER EXCEPT THAT THE ENTIRE PORTION PRECEDING THE PRESS SECTION IS TURNED AROUND
END FOR END. THE PAPER FORMED ON THE WIRE IS CARRIED BACK ON THE COUCH ROLL OR SUCTION
ROLL. ON A LONG FELT TO THE PRESS ROLLS. THE FELT IS CARRIED ON ROLLS HIGH OVER THE WIRE
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AND SUPPORTS THE PAPER UNTIL IT ENTERS THE PRESSES AND IN SOME CASES UNTIL IT ENTERS THE
DRYERS. THE FELT REQUIRED FOR THIS MACHINE IS OFTEN 100 FEET*OR MORE IN LENGTH AND THIS
MAKES IT DIFFICULT TO KEEP THE FELT FREE FROM INJURY. BECAUSE THERE ARE NO GAPS FOR THE
SHEET TO BRIDGE, AS BETWEEN THE COUCH ROLLS AND THE PRESSES IN THE STANDARD FOURDRINIER,
ITS CHIEF USEFULNESS IS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF VERY DELICATE PAPERS SUCH AS TISSUES, CREPE
CIGARETTE, ETC. FREQUENTLY ONLY ONE SET OF PRESS ROLLS IS USED AS SUCH DELICATE PAPERS
REQUIRE LITTLE PRESSING.
THE YANKEE MACHINE
THE CONSTRUCTION OF THE YANKEE MACHINE IS SIMILAR TO THE FOURDRINI,ER, CYLINDER OR
THE HARPER IN THAT IT HAS ONE VERY LARGE DRYER ROLL WHICH IS ALSO USED IN FINISHING AND
SURFACING, AS WELL AS DRYING THE SHEET OF PAPER. THE DRYER ROLL IS OFTEN TEN OR TWELVE
FEET IN DIAMETER IN THISICOUNTRY AND IN EUROPE AS LARGE AS SEVENTEEN FEET IN DIAMETER.
IT HAS A VERY HIGHLY POLISHED SURFACE AND THE SHEET OF PAPER IS PRESSED ON TO THIS SUR-
FACE WHILE IT IS STILL WET BY MEANS OF A PRESSURE ROLL OR SUCTION PRESSURE ROLL. IN 'SOME
INSTALLATIONS THE YANKEE DRYER 'HAS DUAL PRESSURE ROLLS WHILE IN OTHERS A COMBINATION PLAT
SUCTION ROLL AND SUCTION PRESSURE ROLL ARE USED WITH THE DRYER. THE WET END OF THE MA-
CHINE IS VERY SIMILAR TO THE FOURDRINIER OR HARPER MACHINES - IN FACT THE YANKEE MACHINE
RECEIVES THE NAME FROM ITS SPECIAL TYPE OF DRYER. THIS DR-YER MAY BE USED IN CONJUNCTION
WITH A PORTION OF A STANDARD DRYER SECTION OF A PAPER MACHINE OR THERE MAY EVEN BE TWO
YANKEE DRYERS ON ONE MACHINE.
0
INCREASED DRYING CAPACITY PER SQUARE FOOT OF DRYER SURFACE
IMPROVED FINISH
IMPROVED QUALITY
CREPING
SMALLER MACHINE SPACE REQUIREMENTS, ETC.
THIS TYPE OF MACHINE IS PARTICULARLY ADAPTED TO THE MAKING OF THIN PAPERS SUCH AS TISSUE,
MACHINE-GLAZED OR CREPE PAPERS.
'THERE ARE MANY MODIFICATIONS IN THE DESIGN OF THE TYPES OF PAPER MACHINES PREVIOUSLY
MENTIONED. THE METHODS OF MAKING PAPER ARE OF COURSE DEPENDENT ON SUCH THINGS.AS THE A-
VAILABILITY OF RAW MATERIALS, POWER SUPPLY, MARKET CONDITIONS AND THE PERSONAL ELEMENT.
FURTHERMORE PAPER MACHINE BUILDERS ARE CONTINUALLY EXPERIMENTING AND IMPROVING THE PER-
FORMANCE OF THE PAPER MACHINES.
APPLICATION
MANY FACTORS SUCH AS THE SPEED OF THE MACHINE, PRODUCTION RATE, KIND OF RAW MATE-
RIALS, CHARACTERISTICS AND QUALITY OF THE PRODUCT, DESIGN OF THE MACHINE, AS WELL AS THE
PERSONAL PRACTICES OF THE PAPER MILL OPERATING STAFF AFFECT THE FINAL SELECTION OF PUMPING
EQUIPMENT. IN THIS CONNECTION YOU WILL FIND A FORM WHICH MAY BE USED IN TABULATING VACUUM
PUMP DATA RELATING TO THE SIZE OF THE PUMP TO BE USED ON MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS ON PA-
PER MACHINES. THE DATA COVERING ANY PARTICULAR APPLICATION SHOULD BE REFERRED TO THE FAC-
TORY FOR CHECKING AS TO THE PROPER VACUUM PUMP SELECTION.
YOU WILL ALSO FIND A PAPER MILL QUESTIONNAIRE WHICH MAY BE OF SOME HELP IN RECORDIN
DATA FOR ANY PARTICULAR APPLICATION. IT WILL ALSO SERVE AS A GUIDE IN OBTAINING MILL DATA
FOR FU.TURE'REFERENCE.
Approved For Release 1999/09/10 : CIA-RDP83-00423R001000470002-7
 ,?
A WUeor Release 1999/09/10 ? 83-00423 R001000470002-7
IT IS SUGGESTED THAT ALL THE INFORMATION POSSIBLE BE COLLECTED FOR EACH PAPER MACH NE
N YOUR TERRITORY FOR RECORD PURPOSES. WE WOULD BE PLEASED TO HAVE A COPY OF THIS INFOR A-
ION FOR OUR FILES NOT ONLY FOR FUTURE REFERENCE BUT TO ENABLE US TO MAKE STUDIES OF ALL
IOSSIBLE PHASES OF THE APPLICATION OF OUR PRODUCTS TO THIS IMPORTANT INDUSTRY.
VATER REMOVAL EQUIPMENT
THE CONSTRUCTION DETAILS AND LOCATION OF WATER REMOVAL EQUIPMENT VARIES WITH THE
YPE OF PAPER MACHINE AND THE PRODUCT BEING MADE. SIMPLIFIED SKETCHES OF SOME OF THE MO
IMPORTANT EQUIPMENT DESIGNED FOR WATER REMOVAL ARE ATTACHED.
SEVERAL DRAWINGS ARE ATTACHED SHOWING THE GENERAL ARRANGEMENT OF ACCESSORY EQUIPMEN
ND PIPING ARRANGEMENTS USUALLY INSTALLED WITH ACUUM PUMPS. COMMENTS. ON THESE SKETCH
OLLOW:
V-7424 - SEPARATING PUMP ARRANGEMENT
WHEN PUMPING FROM A TANK UNDER VACUUM, IT IS NECESSARY TO INSTALL A CENTRIFUGAL RE-
OVAL UNIT. THE C.FNTRIFUGAL REMOVAL PUMP IS SPECIALLY DESIGNED FOR THIS SERVICE
AVING FEATURES ITCH PREVENT AIR BINDING. THE SUCTION CONNECTION CAN BE ROTATED TO A
ERTICAL AS WELL AS A HORIZONTAL POSITION. IT IS PREFERABLE TO INSTALL THE PUMP DI.RECTLY
ENEATH THE TANK, WITH THE SUCTION NOZZLE IN A VERTICAL POSiTI.ON, AS SHOWN IN THE VIEW 0
HE RIGHT SIDE OF THE DRAWING REFERRED TO ABOVE. WITH THIS ARRANGEMENT THE VAPORS OR EN-
RAINED AIR MAY BE LIBERATED READILY THROUGH THE NOZZLES BACK INTO THE TANK. IF IT IS
ECESSARY TO MOUNT THE PUMP AT THE SIDE OF THE TANK, A VENT CONNECTION SHOULD BE PIPED FR
HE SUCTION PASSAGES SO THAT ANY ENTRAINED VAPORS MAY BE VENTED BACK TO THE TANK AND SO
REVENT THE PUMP FROM BECOMING VAPOR BOUND. IN THESE TYPES OF INSTALLATIONS IT IS RECOM-
ENDED THAT THE STUFFING BOX BE PROVIDED WITH A LANTERN GLAND AND SEALED WITH CLEAR WATER
ROM AN INDEPENDENT SUPPLY. A CHECK VALVE SHOULD BE PLACED ON THE CENTRIFUGAL TO PREVENT
? HE VACUUM PUMP FROM PULLING IN AIR DURING THE START-UP PERIOD.
KETCH 1958 - SEPARATING TANK ARRANGEMENT
IN CASES WHERE IT IS NECESSARY TO SEPARATE THE WATER AHEAD OF THE VACUUM PUMP, IT
FTEN ADVANTAGEOUS TO SUSPEND THE TANK UNDERNEATH THE MACHINE ROOM FLOOR TO SUIT THE PAR
ICULAR INSTALLATION SO THAT THE CENTRIFUGAL PUMP WILL HAVE SUFFICIENT SUCTION HEAD. THE
ATER AND AIR ARE CARRIED TO THE TANK WHERE SEPARATION TAKES PLACE, THE WHITE WATER BEING
HANDLED BY A CENTRIFUGAL PUMP ESPECIALLY DESIGNED FOR THIS SERVICE. THIS CENTRIFUGAL PUM
AN RETURN THE WHITE WATER TO THE SYSTEM OR TO THE SEWER, AS REQUIRED. WHEN IT IS DESIRE
0 LOCATE THE VACUUM PUMP ON THE MACHINE ROOM FLOOR IT IS OFTEN BETTER TO INSTALL THE TAN
ITH THE TOP SECTION ABOVE THE FLOOR AND THE LOWER SECTION EXTENDING THROUGH THE FLOOR TO
HE ROOM BELOW.
WITH THIS ARRANGEMENT THE PIPE FROM THE SUCTION ROLL MAY BE RUN EITHER ALONG-THE
LOOR OR IMMEDIATELY BELOW THE FLOOR INTO THE TANK. THE AIR PIPING IS CARRIED FROM THE
OP OF THE SEPARATING TANK TO THE VACUUM PUMP AND THE WATER PIPING EXTENDS FROM THE BOT-
TOM OF THE TANK TO THE CENTRIFUGAL PUMP BELOW. SEPARATION IS NECESSARY WHEN THE QUANTITY
CR.QUALITY OF WATER WOULD BE DETRIMENTAL TO THE OPERATION OF THE VACUUM PUMP.
SKETCH 1964 - BAROMETRIC SEPARATION
THE MOST SATISFACTORY METHOD OF HANDLING WATER FROM SUCTION BOXES SERVING THE FOUR-
D INIER WIRE OR THE FELTS ON A PAPER MACHINE IS BY MEANS OF BAROMETRIC SEPARATION. ON THE
S ETCH REFERRED TO ABOVE YOU WILL NOTE THAT ALL OF THE WATER COMING FROM THE WIRE OR FELT
B XES IS PIPED TO A COMMON MANIFOLD WHICH CARRIES THE WATER TO A BAROMETRIC LEG HAVING IT
0 TLET IN A BOX IN THE BASEMENT OF THE MILL. THE WHITE WATER FROM THE SEAL BOX MAY BE RE. T RNED TO THE SYSTEM OR ALLOWED TO SPILL INTO THE SEWER, WHICHEVER IS DESIRED.
THE RISER PIPE "A" WHICH IS CONNECTED TO TEE ?D" IS OF AMPLE SIZE TO ALLOW THE AIR
T DISCHARGE UPWARD AND THENCE TO THE VACUUM PUMP. A VACUUM RELIEF VALVE SET AT THE RE-
Approved For Release 1999/09/10 : CIA-RDP83-00423R001000470002-7
 CPYRGIA~proved For Release 1999/09/10 : CIA-RDP83-00423R001000470002-7
PAnF M I AIF
?
?
QUIRED OPERATING VACUUM SHOULD BE INSTALLED AT A CONVENIENT LOCATION IN THE PIPE LINE
LEADING TO THE VACUUM PUMP. THE RELIEF VALVE PREVENTS THE VACUUM PUMP FROM PULLING AN
EXCESSIVE VACUUM ON THE SHEET OF PAPER AND ALSO ELIMINATES THE POSSIBILITY OF THE PUMP
OVERLOADING AS WELL AS RUINING THE WIRE OR FELT. THIS PIPING ARRANGEMENT IS NOT POSSIBLE,
OF COURSE, WHERE THERE IS NO BASEMENT. PROPER DIMENSIONS FOR THIS PIPING CAN BE FURNISHE
FOR EACH INSTALLATION.
SKETCH 1965 -.BAROMETRIC SEPARATION
IN A NUMBER OF MILLS IT IS DESIRED TO OPERATE WITH VARYING VACUUMS ON THE FLAT BOXES
THE PRINCIPLE OF OPERATION UNDER THIS ARRANGEMENT IS VERY SIMILAR TO THAT SHOWN ON SKETCH
1964, THE ONLY DIFFERENCE BEING IN THE INDIVIDUAL BAROMETRIC LEG FEATURES. HERE YOU WILL
NOTE THAT A CONTROL VALVE IS INSTALLED IN EACH RISER PIPE BETWEEN THE BOX AND THE COMMON
AIR HEADER LEADING TO THE VACUUM PUMP. BY MEANS OF THIS VALVE A PREDETERMINED VACUUM CAN
BE CARRIED ON EACH BOX, WITH THE MAXIMUM VACUUM OF THE SYSTEM BEING HELD IN THE MAIN SUC-
TION L'INE LEADING TO THE PUMP. HERE AGAIN SIZES WILL BE RECOMMENDED FOR EACH PAPER MILL
INSTALLATION. SOME INSTALLATIONS USE A BAROMETRIC SEPARATION SYSTEM WITHOUT A VACUUM PUMP
WITH SUCH AN ARRANGEMENT THERE IS LIKELY TO BE SURGING IN THIS BAROMETRIC PIPING FROM THE
ACTION OF'THE COMBINED AIR AND WATER AND THE VACUUM WILL BE LOW AND UNEVEN. THIS OF COURS
.MIGHT HAVE A DIRECT EFFECT ON THE SHEET CAUSING STREAKS AS WELL AS BREAKS.
B-7331 - SEPARATING TANK
THE ABOVE DRAWING SHOWS GENERAL DIMENSIONS OF A NEW TYPE OF TANGENTIAL TANK WHICH IS
RECOMMENDED FOR VACUUM PUMP INSTALLATIONS REQUIRING SEPARATION. THE TANK DESIGN PROVIDES
BETTER SEPARATION OWING TO THE TANGENTIAL STREAM OF AIR AND WATER AS IT ENTERS THE TANK.
THE OUTLET CONNECTION IS LOCATED ON THE BOTTOM AND NEAR THE SIDE OF THE TANK. THIS CON-
STRUCTION PROVIDES MORE ROOM FOR WORKING ON THE CENTRIFUGAL PUMP, WHICH IS PLACED DIRECTLY
BENEATH THE TANK OUTLET CONNECTION. IT ALSO-REQUIRES LOWER SUBMERGENCE BECAUSE THE OUTLET.
IS FURTHER FROM THE CENTER OF ANY VORTEX WHICH MAY DEVELOP INSIDE THE TANK.
D-9098 - LIFT FITTING
IN SOME INSTALLATIONS IT IS NECESSARY TO USE A RISER PIPE TO THE TANK INLET. HERE
WE RECOMMEND THE USE OF A LIFT FITTING, DETAILS OF WHICH ARE INDICATED ON THE ABOVE DRAW-
ING. WITH THIS ARRANGEMENT A STEADY FLOW OF AIR AND WATER TO THE TANK IS ASSURED. THESE
FITTINGS CAN BE MADE UP BY THE CUSTOMER BUT WE,WILI' GLADLY FURNISH THE SIZES NECESSARY.
THIS ARRANGEMENT SHOULD ONLY BE USED WHEN IT IS IMPOSSIBLE TO HAVE GRAVITY FLOW AS THE
LIFT CAUSES A LOSS IN VACUUM, THE AMOUNT OF LOSS DEPENDING ON THE NET LIFT AND THE QUAN-
TITY OF WATER HANDLED.
BIRD MACHINE COMPANY DRAWING VCJP-2/6
THIS DRAWING WAS PREPARED IN COLLABORATION WIT 'COMPANY AND WILL BE
OF ASSISTANCE IN SELECTING VACUUM PUMPS FOR VICKERY CONDITIONER .
Approved For Release 1999/09/10 : CIA-RDP83-00423R001000470002-7
 CPYRGHT
PAPER MILL OUFSTInNNAIPF
G ?p7LQvedAFgroR _ase 1999/09/10 : CIA-RDP83-00423R001000470002-7
LOCATION
PERSONNEL: MANAGER
MACHINE DATA:
CHIEF ENGINEER
PAPER MILL SUPERINTENDENT
TYPE (I`OURDRINIER, CYLINDER, YANKEE, ETC.)
MACHINE BUILDER
WIDTH IN INCHES
SPEED IN FEET PER MINUTE
PRODUCT
DOES MILL HAVE A BASEMENT? IF SO GIVE DEPTH.
PUMP APPLICATION
WIRE BOXES: Box WIDTH
NUMBER OF BOXES
TYPE OF SEPARATION - BAROMETER OR TANK
VACUUM CARRIED ON BOXES
DOES CUSTOMER DESIRE MULTIPLE DROP LEG ARRANGEMENT FOR INDIVIDU
CONTROL?
SUCTION COUCH ROLL: MAKE
DIAMETER OF ROLL
WIDTH OF BOX
VACUUM REQUIRED
SUCTION PRESS ROLL: MAKE
DIAMETER OF ROLL
WIDTH
VACUUM REQUIRED
FELT BOXES: WIDTH OF SLOT IN Box
STATE WHETHER ON OPEN FELT, SINGLE FELT AND SHEET
OR TWO FELTS AND SHEET
SUCTION EXTRACTOR, SUCTION DRUM, FELT ROLL, ETC : DIAMETER OF ROLL
WIDTH OF BOX
VACUUM REQUIRED
VICKERY CONDITIONERS: SIZE of SHOES
NUMBER OF SHOES
VACUUM REQUIRED
USED ON WHICH FELT
SUCTION SLICE: WIDTH OF SLOT
WHERE USED
CURRENT CHARACTERISTICS
SEAL WATER: TEMPERATURE AND QUALITY OF WATER USED FOR SEALING PUMPS
DRYER DRAINAGE: WHICH SYSTEM IS NOW BEING USED?
Approved For Release+H1+99WO9#10RECI.*d3DR83 42&RQ I GO4 02e?T I OHS
OF DRYERS?
 CPYRGHT
Approved For Release 1999/09/10 : CIA-RDP83-00423R001000470002-7
 CPYRGHT
n...:.......d o... o,.i........ 4999109140 . CIA onoe2 nnen~onne nnn47nnne 7
 CPYRAWroved For Release 1999/09/10 : CIA-RDP83-00423R001000470002-7
0
BELFIELD RELIEF VALVE SETTING
CORRESPONDS TO THE AVAILABLE
LENGTH OF DROP LEG
FLAT BOXES ON THE
WIRE, FELT BOXES OR
CONDITIONERS
H - MUST BE 3 FEET
GREATER THAN THE
VACUUM EXPRESSED
IN INCHES OF MERCURY
PIPE 51ZE
MUFFLER OPTIONAL
5EE PRINT NO"NIB? 118
k4
pj -OPEN TO
U SEWER
VACUUM PUMP
CAN BE ON MAZHINE ROOM
FLOOR
AIR INLET TO
HYTOR PUMP
 CPYRG4proved For Release 1999/09/10 : CIA-RDP83-00423R00.1000470002-7
Approved For Release 1999/09/10 : CIA-RDP83-00423R001000470002-7
 CPYRGH
Approved For Release 1999/09/10 CI M
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 CPYRC-~roved For Release'1999/09/10 : CIA-RDP83-00423R001000470
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Approved For Release 1999/09/10 : CIA-RDP83-00423R001000470002-7
 CPYRW~roved For Release 1999/09/10 : CIA-RDP83-00423R001000470002-7
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