SOVIET PUBLICATIONS ON ATOMIC ENERGY AND ELECTRIFICATION

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP83-00418R007000140003-5
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: S
• Document Page Count: 154
• Document Creation Date: December 21, 2016
• Document Release Date: March 13, 2008
• Sequence Number: 3
• Publication Date: November 9, 1956
• Content Type: REPORT

INFORMATION' REPORT
CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE AGENCY
This material contains information affecting the National Defense of the United States within the meaning of the Espionage Laws, Title
18, U.S.C. Secs. 793 and 794, the transmission or revelation of which in any manner to an unauthorized person is prohibited by law.
SUBJECT Soviet Publications on Atomic
Energy and Electrification
DATE OF INFO.
25X1
DATE. DISTR. 9 November 1956
NO. OF PAGES 1
REQUIREMENT NO. RD 25X1
REFERENCES
1. Four unclassified Soviet publications on atomic energy and electrification,.-
published in i956 25X1
2. The Russian-language pamphlets contain the following information:
a. Pervaya Atomnaya Elektrostantsiya Sovetskogo Soyuza (First Soviet Atomic Power
Station) by N.A. Nikolayev; The pamphlet states the basic physics involved
in atomic energy; describes the construction of the atomic reactor; gives
atechnological diagram of an atomic power station. 'reveals its Mg.nagement
and control, its purpose and experiences acquired in its operation.
b. Kuybyshevskay. Gidroelektrostantsiya j~a Volge (Hydroelectric Station at
Kuybyshev on the Volga) by N.A. Malyshev? This work narrates the history of
the Kuybyshev Hydroelectric Station and its significance to the Soviet Union-f
c. Leninskiy Plan Elektrifikatsii V Deystvii (Lenin's Plan for Electrification in
Action) by G.M. Krzhizhanovskiy and V,Yu. Steklov. The pamphlet points out
Lenin's creative vision in the field of electrification and furnishes a
survey of post-Lenin. Soviet progress in that field. Two maps locating Soviet
hydroelectric stations are included.
d. Kosmicheskaya Navigatsiya (Cosmic Navigation) by V?V.. Dobrcnravov:
Dobronravov's work explains the solar system, devotes a chapter to the earth's
artificial sa satellite and to atomic energy as fuel for interplanetary
navigation, and states the conditions under which interplanetary flights
may become a reality.
(Note: Washington distribution indicated by "X"; Field distribution by "#'".)
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KBaAp,aTy paCCTOSIHHH McMKAy HHMH. MaTeMaTHLIeCKH TO noJloMKe-
HHe MOMKHO BbIpa3HTb TaKOI3 cJopMyJIoI3:
44m
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B 9TOI3 (polpMyJle F 06o3,HagaeT CHJIy B3aHMoAef?CTBH51 MexKAy
Te.naMH, M - Maccy oji oro TeJIa, m - Macey j[pyroro Tejia, r -
paCCTOSIHHe Me)KAy HHMH. ByKBOi3 f 0603HageH MHOMKHTeJIb nponop-
LHOHaJIbHOCTH, KOTOPbII3 Ha3bIBaeTCH KeHHR Toro He6eCHOrO TeJIa, OT
KOTOpOI'O OH OTnpaBJIReTCR. Ha BTO 6yaeT 3aTpaIIH'BaTbC51 onpeae-
JIeHHoe KOJIHgeCTBO BHeprHH. HO 3anacbi 3HeprHH y KOCMHgeCKHX
Kopa6Jiei B HatIaJIbIH IH nepHoq Me}KHJIaHeTHbIX 0006HjeHHH 6y,L yT
orpaHHqeHbi. Ha OCHOBe MaTeMaTH'IeCKHX HCcJIeaOBaHHH, 6a3Hpy-
ioLl[HxcR Ha pa60Tax UHOJIKOBCKOFO H Meinepcxoro, ycTaHOBjieH?o,
qTO KOCMHLIeCKH'H KOpa6JIb MO}KeT JIeTeTb He BCe BpeMR c pa6oTa-
IOLIjHM JjBHraTeJleM.
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JIeM Ha onpejieJieHHOe pacCTORHHe OT KaKOrO-JIH60 He6eCHOrO Teria
OH npHo6peTaeT OnpeaeJieHHyIO CKOpOCTb H HanpaBJIeHHe. Hoene
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npHO6peTeHHOH CKOPOCTH 6yaeT JIeTeTb no HeKOTOPOH onpeAeJleH-
HOH TpaeKTOpHH K ueJIH nojleTa. HpH JjBH}KeHHH KOpa6JIR Ha Hero
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JIeHHbIM. BJIaroj apR CKOpOCTH, HMeBHIedCR y KOpa6JI5I B MOMeHT
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BJIHRHHeM CHJIbI HpHTR}KeHHR H TOJIbKO npH nocaaKe HpFAeTCR 143-
paCX0A0BaTb HeKOTOpOe KOJIH?IeCTBO 3HeprHH RJIR TOpMO}KeHHR.
HpH nelpe.ieTe c OAHOH nJlaxeTbI Ha apyryio HpHJi,eTCR npeoJjo-
JIeBaTb pBCCT051HHR B JZeCRTKH MHJIJIHOHOB H J(ax{e COTHH MHJIJIHO-
HOB KHJIOMeTpOB. HpH 3TOM KOCMH,IeCKHH JIeTaTeJIbHbIH annapaT
6y4eT HaXOJ1HTbCR HotITH Ha BCeM CBoeM nyTH B a6coJIIOTHO HyCTOM
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CMbICJIe CJIOBa, T. e. JI0TaTeJIbHbIM anIlapaTOM, HMeIOHjHM peaKTHB-
HbIH JjBHraTe.Ib.
Approved For Release 2008/03/13: CIA-RDP83-00418R007000140003-5
 Approved For Release 2008/03/13: CIA-RDP83-00418R007000140003-5
PeaKTHBHbII3 ,uBHraTeJlb pa6oTaeT, rOBOpW' B o61uHx LIeIpTaX,-CJie-
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pOCTb, AOJI?KHO 6bITb H3paCXOAOBaHO OnpeAeJIeHHOe KOJIHtIeCTBO
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pOli ra3bl BbIJIeTaIOT H3 paKeTbI (cKOpOCTb no OTHOLIIeHH1O K Kop-
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HOIi CKOpOCTH. PaCXOA TonJIHBa AJIH A'OCTH}KeHHH 3aAaHH'oIi CKO-
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uHOHaJIbHO pa3HOCTH. HaTypaJlbHbIX JIOrapH lMOB KOJIHLIeCTB Ha-
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pacTaeT 3Haq-HTeJIbHO McAJIeHHee, LIeM HenocpeACTBeHHbIIi pacxoA
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paKeTbI C TOIIJIHBOM 60JIbuIe Beca paKeTbI K TOMY MOMeHTy BpeMe-
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OT XapaKTepa TOIIJIHBa 3aBHCHT BeJIHLIHHa er0 3anaca. npH 60JIb-
11
Approved For Release 2008/03/13: CIA-RDP83-00418R007000140003-5
 Approved For Release 2008/03/13: CIA-RDP83-00418R007000140003-5
LHei3 CKOpOCTH HCTegeHH9 ra30B H3 paxeTbl 3anac TOHJIHBa M?O}KeT
6bITb McHbUIHM H Hao60POT.
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HyTb paKeTy. IIpH 66JIbLHex CKOpOCTH HCTegeHH5I nOTpe6yeTCH
Bb16paCbIBaTb McHbluee KOJIHgeCTBO TOIIJIHBa; npM McHbIHeH }Ke CKO-
pOCTII HCTegeHH5i nOTpe6yeTC5I 66JIbLHHI3 paCXO,u Bb16paCbIBaeMofI
MaccbI. Bce 3TO CJIe, yeT H3 OAHOFO OCHOBHOFO 3aKOHa McXaHH-
KII - 3aKOHa 0 KOJIH'-IeCTBe ABHiKeHHH.
BCe 9TH noJIO?}KeHHII HMe1OT HenocpeACTBeHHoe OTHOHIeHHe K
acTIpoHaBTHKe. UejiO B TOM, qTO AJI51 Toro, 4T06bI JIeTaTejIbHhlfl an-
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BbIpBBTbC51 H3-HOA BJI1451HH51 CHJIbI 3eMII0r0 THrOTeHHSI, a 3aTeM AOC-
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nyTeHIeCTBHH.
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npeoAOJIeBa5l ?cHJIy TII}KecTH, oKOJIO 300 000 KHJIOMeTpOB.
,qJISI TaKoro np5IMOJIHHeHIHOrO ABHi}KeHHII CKOpOCTb oCBo6oMCAe-
HHSi AOJI}KHa 6bITb 6oJIbfIIe napa6o.nMliecKOI1. Bce 3T0 BbITeKaeT H3
XapaKTepa J[ecICTBHSI CHJIbI npHT5I?KeHHH, y6bIBaJoIueH o6paTHo npo-
nopuHOHaJIbHO KBa1rpaTy paOCTOHHHSI OT 3eMJIH.
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OT 3eMJiH coo6MHTb paKeTe TIK/1O CKOpOCTb, HpH KOTOpOII Aa.nee
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npaBJIeHHH CorJIaCHo aCTpOHOMHTIeCKHM, He6eCHoMeXaHHTIeCKHM H
paxeTOAHHaMHTIeCKHM BbITtHeJIeHHflM nlTypMaHa. 3a HeCKOJIbKO MH-'
HyT, ABIIraHCb nO)j aeRCTBHeM peaKTHBHOII CHJIbI THrH C 60JIbIIIiHM
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I Taxoe yCKO HHe B TegeHne Hecxonbxxx MHHyT naccaxcnpbi CMOryT
nepeaecTH.
Approved For Release 2008/03/13: CIA-RDP83-00418R007000140003-5
 Approved For Release 2008/03/13: CIA-RDP83-00418R007000140003-5
rocs Teiia B npouecce ABH)IMHHH HBJISIeTCSI nOCT031HHOI3 BeJIH-
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no np'HBej[eH,HOIH c opMyJle MO}KHO nO,gCIIHTaTb, IITO Ha paCCTOH-
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CyTOK.
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JIHBa.
Approved For Release 2008/03/13: CIA-RDP83-00418R007000140003-5
,~~OAaM: AS/Nbl
apa 5L7Eme 12106027M," 11018111
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 Approved For Release 2008/03/13: CIA-RDP83-00418R007000140003-5
IZpOueCC TOLIHbIX BbILIHCJIeHHI3 BCex RaHHbIX, OTHOCRIIjHXCR K
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paMH C0o61ualomi pa3Hble UHCjJpOBble pe3yJIbTaTbI. IIOJipo6HbIki
npouecc Bcero pacLleTa To}Ke no cynjecTBy ewe IHIHKeM He ony6JIH-
KoBaH.
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K 3eMJle TaKy1O CKOpOCTb, np'H 'KOTOpOII OH 6ygeT aBHraTbC5I no
napa6OJIe HJIH no rnnep6OJie. He, BbiHJIR 6Jlarouap5 9TOIMy H3-nOJL
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CHJIbI npIITR}KeHHR COJIHua. lloa aeI4CTBmeM 9TOI3 CHJIbI Kopa6Jlb
MO}KeT OTKJIOHHTbCR OT nepiBOHaLiaJIbHOH TpaeKTOPHH H HaLiaTb
,aBHraTbCR BOKPyr COJIHUa. B 3aBHCHMOCTH OT CKOpOCTI-I JIBH}KeHQHR
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COJIHUa, OH HaLIHeT r BnraTbCR Boxpyr Hero no OJIHOI1 H3 KpUBbIX:
9JIJInncy, napa60Jie HJIH rnnep60JIe. B iaCTHOCTI4, LITO6bI Kopa6Jlb
i-la'Iaji JjBHraTbCR Boxpyr COJIHua no napa6wie, T. e. LITo6bI on
CMOr yjaJlHTbCH H3 npeJleJlo$ COJIHe'THOI3 CHCTeMbi, eMy Hy}KHO
0006LKHTb no OTHOHIeHHIO K COJIHUy CKOPOCTb B 42 KHJIOMeTPa B
ceKyHJjy. UJIR 3TOH ueitn OH aOJDKeH HOJIyLIHTb Ha HOBepXHOCTH
-3eMJiH CKOpOCTb B 16,7 KHJIOMeTPa HO OTHOHIeI-IHIO K 3eMJIe, H npH
9TOM JjBH}KeH.He a,OJI}KHo 6bITb HanpaBJleIO nOJj MaJIblM YTJIOM K
HanpaBJleHnlo ,gB.H}KeH,HR 3eMJIH Boxpyr CoJIHua. CKOpOCTH B
42 KHJIOMeTpa B CekyHJIy n0 OTHOUIeHHIO K COJIHUy Ha3bIBaI0TCR
CKOPOCTHMH OCBO6O}KJIeHHR HO OTHOUIeHHIO K COJIHeLIHO%I CH-
CTeMe.
Heo6XoxHMo OTMeTHTb, LITO 3,aecb HHOPjja Ha6JIloJkaloTC5i CJIHLu-
KOM yHPOIIjeHHble H HenpaBHJIbHble npeJICTaBJIeHHR 0 CyLueCTBe
rionpoca. CKOpOCTb JIBH}KeHHR 3eMJIH BoKpyr COJIHUa HeMVOro
60JIbIIIe JIBaJIUaTH JIeBRTH KHJIOMeTPOB B ceKyHJZy. HaLIajlbHan CKO-
POCTb HO OTHOHIeHHK) 'K COJIHUy AJIR nOJIeTa Ha Map-C HeMHoro
6oJlbrne TpIJIuaTH L ByX KHJIOMeTPOB B eeKyHJjy. HHorjja roBOp'HT-
CR, LITO )IOCTaTOLIHO coo6HjHTb KOCMHLIeCKOMy KOpa,6JI10 U-OnOJIHH-
TeJIbHyIO K CKOpocT.H 3eMJIH CKOPOCTb B 3 KHJIOMeTpa B CexyH,gy
no HanpaHJIeHHIO JjB&H}KeH.HR 3eMJPH Boxpyr COJIHua, LITo6bI nOJiy-
Approved For Release 2008/03/13: CIA-RDP83-00418R007000140003-5
 Approved For Release 2008/03/13: CIA-RDP83-00418R007000140003-5
TIHJIaCb HaxiaJIbHaU CKOPOCTb B 32 KHJIOMeTpa AJII no ieTa Ha
Mapc.
,Z[ejio o6CTOHT, xaK MbI BHAHM, He TaK. B TiaCTHOCTH, B AaHHOM
c.nyTlae, npH opraHH3auHH nOJIeTa Ha Mapc !BOBCe HeAOCTaTOTIHO
3anyCTHTb paKeTy C 3KBaTO'pa 3eMJIH OAHOBpeMeHHO B CTOPOHY
BpalueHHH 3eMJI14 BOKpyr OCH H no HanpaBJI.eHHIO ABH}KeHH5 3eMJIH
no ee rOAOBOI3 op6HTe, coo6111HB paKeTe CKOPOCTb no OTHOIHeHHIO
K 3eMJIe TOJIbKO B 3 KHJioieTpa $ CeKyHAy. B,3ToM cjly-qae KOpa6JIb
Aa}Ke He BbIIIAeT H3-HOA BJIH5IHH9 npHTR}KeHHI 3eMJIH.
OKa3bIBaeTC51, ,LlJISI BbIXOaa Ha TpaeKTOpHIO K Mapcy neo6XOAH-
MO npO2WJIaTb HeCKOJIIHKO onpe)jeJleHHbIX MaHCBpO'B C KOpa6JIeM.
IIpe}KAe BcerO HY)KHO HMeTb TOTIHble AaHHble O ABH}KeHHH Map'ca
H 3eMJiH no HX Op6HTaM Boxpyr CoJIHua. Kopa6JIb ,IjoJI}KeH 6bITb
BbIBeAeH Ha BCnoMoraTeJlbHylo 'KpyrOBylo TpaeKTOPHIO BOKpy'r 3eM-
JIH Ha paCCT05IHHH OT Hee B HeCKOJIbKO TbICHLI KHJIOMeTpOB.
C KpyrOB0I3 TpaeKTOpHH Kopa6Jlb Jr0JI}KeH 6bITb nepeBeaeH Ha
nepexoAllyio rHnep6oJIH'leCKyIO TpaeKTOpHIO. aJISI Toro TITO6bI KO-
pa6JIb Mor nepeffTH C nocJleJl.HeIi TpaeKTOpHH Ha OCHOBHyIO nOJIy-
3JIJIH'nTHzIecKylo TpaeKTOpHIO BOKpyr COJIHUa, eMy Hy}KHO CO-
o61uHTb CKOpOCTb B 32,7 KHJIOMeTpa B CeKYHAy no OTHOIIIeHHIO
K COJIHUy? aJI5I 3TOr0 Hy}KHO 6yaeT BKJIIOTIHTb Ha KOpOTKHI3
npoMe}KYTOK BpeMeHH ABHraTeJlb. floc.ie TOro KaK KOpa6JIb nepex-
JjeT Ha OCHOBHyIO nOJIy3JIJIHHTHieCKylO TpaeKTOpHIO, ABIHraTeJlb
BbIKJIIOgaIO'T, H KOpa6JIb ABH}KeTCH TOJIbKO fnOA aeACTBHeM npHTH-
}KeHHR COJIH!ua. IIpH AaJIbHe1IIIIeM J.JBH}KeHHH Kopa6JIR OH BCTpeTHT
Mapc Ha ero op6HTe B TOTIK. AHa!MeTpaJlbxo npOTHBOnoJI.O}KHOI3
TOK TOTIKe, rAe HaxoAHJIaCb 3eMJI5I BO BpeMSI BbIJIeTa fKopa6JI5i.
- . Becb nyTb no nOJiy3JiJiHHcy o'yAe'T npoHAeH 3a 258 CyTOK. 3Aecb
BcTpeT;aeTCSI OAHO 3aTpyJ HeH1He: KOpa6Jlb He CMO}KeT ceRTIac }Ke
HatIaTb ABH}KeHHe Ha3aA 'n0 apyrol3 noJIOBHHe BJIJIHnca, Tax KaK
3eMJI5I 3a 3T0 'BpeMSI 3accIMeT Ha CBOeII Op6HTe Apyroe -nOJIO}KeHHe
H KOpa6JIb ee He BCTpeTHT. 14TO6bl Be'pHy'TbCH Ha3aa Ha 3eMJIfo,
Heo5x0AHMo, TITo6bI 3eMJI5I H Mapc 6bIJIH padHOJIO}KeHbI TaK }Ke,
KaK npH BbIJIeTe, TOJIbKO C OTCTIeTO!M B o6paTHyiO CTOpOHY. DKHrIaxt
Kopa6JIH aoJi>KeH 6yAeT BbI}KAaTb H.a Mapce yAO6HOrO MOMeHTa
AJIR B03BpaLueHHR. }KAaTb npHAeTCR 440 AHeii. O6paTHbIK nyTb
O IHTb 3aiMeT 258 CyTOK, H o61uaR npp2 oJI}KHTeJIbHOCTb Bcer?0 ny-
TenIeCTBHR 6yReT 60Jiee AByX C n0JIOBHHOI3 JIeT.
IlyTb KOpa6JIR c 3eMJIH Ha Mapc nOKa3aH Ha pHc. 4. .
IIyTeuIecTBHe Ha Mapc o6JIertIae'rcR B H3Be'CTHO9 Mepe TeM
o6C'T05ITeJIbCTBOM, 4TO B6JIH3H 3TOI3 nJIaHeTbI HMeIOTCR ABe eCTeCT-
BeHHble npoMe}K?yTOTIHble cTaHUHH. Mapc, 'KaK H3!BeCTHO, HMeeT
AByX Kp0weTIHbIX cnyTH'HKOB. 3TII C'EIyTHHKH 6bIJIH OTKpbI'TbI B
1877 rOAy, T. e. B TOM }Ke roAy, KorAa 6bIJIH o6Hapy}KeHbI H KKa-
HaJIbI> Ha Mapce aCTpOHOMOM CKHanapeJIJIH.
BJIH}KaIdinnI-i CnyTHHK Mapca - (Do6oc. Ero aimaMeTp Bcero
15 ' KHJIOM.eTpoB. OT Mapca OH HaxoAHTCR Ha ' paccTOniHHH
Approved For Release 2008/03/13: CIA-RDP83-00418R007000140003-5
 Approved For Release 2008/03/13: CIA-RDP83-00418R007000140003-5
5 000 KHJIOMeTp0B. IIOJIHbIIt o6opOT Boxpyr Mapca (Po6oc co-
BepwaeT 3a 7 -acoB 39 MHHYT. Tax KaK oO60pOT Mapca BOKPYF
CBOel3 OCH IIpOHCXOaHT 3a 24,5'-iaca, TO BbIXOAH'T, cITO (po6000BCKHrl
McCHL[ KopOrIe B HCCKOJIbKO pa3 MapcaaHCKOro aHR.
PHC. 4. rIyTb Kopa6JiH c 3eMJIH Ha Mapc.
T - 3eMnn; A. - nono.aKenxe Me icnnaHeTHOro Kopa6nsl Ha 3eane; At - MexcnnaHeT-
Han CTaL-II[HR; AIA2 - OTpe3OIC npoMeH-CyT04IHo0 rnnep60nHglecrcoCi TpaeKTOpHH
ansi Ilepexo a c KpyrOBOYi Op6HTbl Mes} rinaHeTHoH cTaiiUHH Ha aJIJIHHTHYecKylo
TpaeiTOpnlO is Mapcy; M, - riwicn cenne Mapca Iia ero Op61-ITe B MOMeHT BaineTa
Me7KnnaxeTHoro 1C0pa6na H3 TO'iHH A,; M - noao7KeHHe Mapca B MoMeHT BCTpe`IH
c McSRHJIaaeTHbIM Kopa6neM.
,apyrOK CHYTHHK Mapca Ha3bIBaeTCSI JZefMOC. OH eiue McHbLL1
co6oca. Ero AHaMeTp - 8 KHJIOMeTpOB. HHaHe roBopsl, Ueli-
MOC HpH6JIH3HTeJIbHO pa!BeH HO o6'be'My 6OJIbIJJOH '3eMHOH rope,
BpoAe 9BepecTa B FHMaJIaHx. geIIM01c OT Mapca HaXOAHTCH Ha
paccTOHHHH 20 000 KHJIoMeTpoB H o6xoAHT HOJIHblu HyTb Boxpyr
Mapca 3a 30,5 Baca. Ha 3THX MaJlexbKHx He6eCHblx Te.nax Me}K-
HJIaHeTHbIH KOpa6JIb MO}KeT cae.7IaTb HOCaAKy H HPOH3BeCTH Ha6JIIo-
,L eHHH HaA HOBePXHOCTbIO Mapca. B3JIeT C 3TLIX CTaHL[HII jjJ1H o6-
paTHOPO B03BpameHHSI 3Haq'HTeJIbHO 6oJIee JIerOK, Lie,M C Ca,MOro
Mapca, TaK KaK CKOpOCTb OCBO6o}K,aeHHH OT CHJIbN HpHTSI}KeHHi
Mapca HpH B3JIeTe C (o6oca, a TeM 6oJIee c JZejMOca 6yAeT 3Ha-
13HTeJIbHO McHbLHeII, YeM npH B3JIeTe c IIOBepXHOCTH Mapca. B03-
MO}KHO, LITO ,HepBble HOJIeTbI Ha Mapc H 6yAyT OrpaHII4HBaTbCH
HOCajl.KaMH Ha 3TH CHyTHHKH. KorAa paIiOH Mapca Ii ero nOBepX-
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Ka Ha Mapc.
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xpaT'-IaALHHx paCCTOHHHax Me}KAy co6oH. DTO 6bIBaeT npli npo-
20
Approved For Release 2008/03/13: CIA-RDP83-00418R007000140003-5
 Approved For Release 2008/03/13: CIA-RDP83-00418R007000140003-5
THBOCTOHHHH Mapca I3
3eMJIH (pHc. 5). B
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T - 3eMnx; S - Coaxge; V - Beaepa.
Approved For Release 2008/03/13: CIA-RDP83-00418R007000140003-5
 Approved For Release 2008/03/13: CIA-RDP83-00418R007000140003-5
IIOCJIe HeKo'roporo nepe~KHAaHHSI IIa BeHepe Kopa6Jlb cMOx{eT
oTnpaBHTbcn Ha3aji H!a 3eM.RIo. Bee ny-relnec''BHe 3afIMeT BpeMeHH
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BpeMSl nepe}KHAaHHH - 64 cyrxaM, BpeM5I Aim 06paTHoro ABH}Ke-
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(13 Cyl K:IX)
.IyHa . . . . . . . . I 5
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IOrIHTep . . . . . . 490
CaTYp;I . . . . . . .. 830
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6e3 3aTpaTbI 3anacOB 3Hepr1H, B35ITbIX KOpa6JIeM. 3anaceHHaSI
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TaK}Ke TpaTHTbCH Ha KpaTKOBpeMeHHble nHJIOTa}KHble MaBeBpbl.
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TOpble MaJIb1e fJIaHeTb1 (a'CTepoaAbI). OpOHTb1 HeKOTOpbIX aCTepoH-
J OB Ta'K CI1JIbHO BbI'TSIHyTbI, LITO OTAeJIbHble OTpe3KH BTHX op6HT
pacno io KeT 6bITb nOCTpoeHa.
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TOJIbKO Ha OCHOBe HOBe13HI!HX AocTmKeHHI3 MH'OFHX OTpacJIeI3 Ha-
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roAapx KOTOpbIM ABHraTeJIb KOCM,HTICCKOFO Kopa6JISI CM0)K T pa-
60TaTb 6OJIbunyIO TiaCTb Bpe!MeHH KOCMHTie.CKOrO nyTeuieCTBHA, TO,
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nyTSix. Toraa KOCMHT-IeCKHe Kopa6Jl'H CMOryT COBepIllaTb CBOH peH-
CbI HO KpaTTIaIIIUHM MapitlpyTaM, BO BpeM5 npOTHBOCT05IHHSt nJla-
HeT H B 6oJiee KOpOTKHe C1OKH.
Approved For Release 2008/03/13: CIA-RDP83-00418R007000140003-5
 Approved For Release 2008/03/13: CIA-RDP83-00418R007000140003-5
Mo7KHO HalleiTbca, '-ITO B HeaaJIeKOM 6yJ[y]ueM Me}KrIJIaxeT-
Hb]e HOJIeTbI 6yayT rIpOIr3BOJUHTbCA npH HOMOLuH AJjepHOII 3HeprHH.
BHOJIHe BO3MOiKIIO, 'ITO HMeHH'0 AJjepHaA 3HeprHH cbirpa'eT
pewaioluylo pOJIb B C03JjaHHH KOCMH4eCKI X paKeT, LITO HMeHHO
yaa'IHo cKOHCTpyHpOBaHHbIII A_jepHbIII paKeTHbIII JIBHI,TeJlb CO-
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npeojjoJIeTb CHJIy HpHTH7KeHHH 3eMJIH, HO H OTHpaBHTbCA K JIfO-
6oII nJIal?IeTe COJIIIe'IHOII CHCTeMbI H uoCJIe nOCa4KH Ha Ilee, JI1460
o6JIeTa, BepHyTbCH Ha 3eMJIIo.
B paKeTe cHJia TAPH C03AaeTCR 3a cneT peaKI'H'H oT6paCbIBae-
MOFO H3 cowia ra3a. aJIA npeOJIOJIeHHH CHJIbI 3BMHOrO npHTA}Ke-
H?HH KOCMHnIecxaf paxeTa, H,MeloLua5 onpeJjeJIeH.Hylo Ha'IaJlbHyIo
MaCCy M, JJOJI}KHa pa3BHTb CKOpOCTb npHMepHO 11,2 KHJIOMeTpa B
ceKyl-uLy. Hpejrioji }KHM, 'ITO IvlacCa TaKOII paKeTbl c uBHraTeJleM,
pa6oTa]OHjHM Ha XHMH'IeCKOM TOIIJIHB'e, B KOHue nepHOJja yCKO-
peHHA J[OJI}KHa yMeHbfIIHTbCA AO 1/28 nepBoHIa'IaJIbHOII BeJIH';'-IHHbI.
TorJja, eCJIH paKeTa B MOMeHT BbIJIeTa BeCHT 56 TOHH, TO OHa JjOJI-
}KHa HMeTb 3anac roploT3ero, paBHbIII 54 T'OHHaM.
COBepweHHO OTIeBH,Lwo, 'ITO TOJIbKO 6aKH J[JIA TaKOPO KOJIH-
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TaKOII KOC\-1HT-IecKO1-I p2KeTbl B HaCTOAHjee BpeMH HeBO3'MO}KHa.
3HagIITeJIbHO 6oilee nepCneKTHBHbIM ABJIAeTCH HCrIOJIb3OBa-
H'He B j BHraTeJie KOCMH'jeCKOH paKeTbI AJjepHoro ropionero.
FlpeHMyrLjeCTBO aTOMHO-paKeTHOrO JjBHraTeJIA 6y,neT 3aKJIIo-
FIaTbCH B TOM, 'ITO Bee 3anacaeMoro nJIA Hero ropronero 'Ipe3BbI-
'3aIIHO Mani.BeJjb B eJjHHHue Beca AJjepHOPO ropfo'-IerO 3aKJIIoT4aeT-
cH HpJMepHO B JjBa M'HJIJI!HOHa pa3 6OJIbLIIe 3HeprHH, 'IeM B eJjH-
'HHue Beca JIIO60FO H3 H3BeCTHbIX X,HIMH'IeCKHX ToIJIHB. Ho cnoc0-
6bI HCHOJIb3OBaHH5T TaKOrO roplonero JjimA paKeT leLue HeJjOCTa-
TOT3HO HCCJIeJjOBaHbI, H npHMeHeHHe ero JjJIA KOCMH'IeCKHX nOJIeTOB
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6J]eM.
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aJjepxbIM UBHraTeJleM He'o6x'oJUHM 3anac KaKoro-JIH6o BerueCTBa,
HarpeBaloHjerocH B peaKTOpe. DTO rO3BOJIHT yBe.mF'IHTb OT6paCbI-
BaeMylo Maccy, a cJI'eJOBaTeJIbHO, H KO3CJCpHuHeHT noJle3HOrO JjeII-
CTBHA JjBHraTeJIA.
Ha,H6OJiee nOJjxoJUAruHM pa60'IHM TeJIOM Aim 3TOI3 ueJIH AB-
JIAeTCA }KHJUKHII BOJUOPOJU.
B HacTOAHjee BpeMH iHiMeeTCA HeCKOJIbKO BapHaHTOB aTOMHbIX
UBHraTeJIer4 JIJIH KOCMII'IecKHX paKeT, HO HH OJ[HH H3 HHX HeJIb351
C'3HTaTb O'KOH'IaTejIbHo pa3pa6OTaHHbIM H np'OBepeHHbIM.
MbI n03HaKOM,HM gHTaTeJIer C HeKOTOpbIM44 143 HHX.
OJUHHM H3 BapHaHTOB aTOMHbIX JUB'HraTejIeIl, rae CpaB,HHTeJIbHC
yJjaT-IHO peuieHa npo6J1e,Ma nepeJja'IH Terina, BbIJjeJIAIOnjeFOCA B
peaKTope, ABJIS]eTCH JjBmraTeJib, peaKTOp KOTOpOFO COCTOHT H3
Approved For Release 2008/03/13: CIA-RDP83-00418R007000140003-5
 Approved For Release 2008/03/13: CIA-RDP83-00418R007000140003-5
KOHHgeCKHX Tpy60K C HOpHCTbIMH cTeHKaMH TOJII.UHH'OR 3-4 MHJI-
JIH'MeTpa. Tpy6KH cAeJlaHbI H3 CMeCH o6oraIUeHHoro ypaHa it
yriiepoAa. BoAopoA not AaBJIeHHeM npOXOAHT B Tpy6KH 4epe3;
HX nOpHCTble CTCHKH H HarpeBaeTCSI AO HeCKOJIbKHX TbPCS1'i rpaAy-
coB. PeryJIIHj)'OBa?HH'e TCMHepaTypbl np'OH3BOAHTCSI C HOM'OH[bIO
CTep}KHH 133 nOpHCTOrO KalMM51, rK0T0pbIIi OxJia>K,L aeTCSI TOKOM B'O-
AopoAa. HarpeTbiH B peaKTope ra3 Bb16pacbIBaeTcq ':Iepe3 COnJIo,
paKeTbl.
S1AepiHbIll ABHraTeJlb TaKOII paKeTbl no paCqeTaM, B03M'O)KHO,.
6yAeT HMeTb AJIHHY OKOJIO 2,5 'MeTpa np-H AHaMeTpe 5 McTp'0B.
B HeM AOJI}KHO COAepxcaTbCSI 33 TOHHbI o6oraHjeH.Horo ypaHa. IIo,
npeJnwwlo}KeHHfo KOHCTpyKTOpOB, 061u'HfI HatIaJIbHbIIf Bee paKeTbr
AQJI}KCH COCTaBJIHTb HpHMepHO 1600 TOHH, B TOM q'HCJIe 1250 TOHH' ,
BoAOpoAa. MaKCHMaJIhHa5I CKOpOCTb paKeTbl y>Ke nociie Toro, KaK
ABHraTeJIb npopa6oTaeT npHMepxo. 6 MHHyT, npeBbICHT 8 KHJIO-
McTpOB B Ce,Ky.HAy.
HMee"rcSi np?OeKT TaK Ha3bIBaeMoII KeT 6bITb nOCTpOeHa H HCnoJIb30BaiHa AJIH KOC--
MH'eCKHX rIOJIeTOB.
Ha H3TH K C03AaHHIO TaKOfI paKCTbI HaXOAHTCSH MHOro npenHT-
CTBHfI: OTCyTCTBHe COOTBeTCTBYIOIIWX }KaponpOTIHbIX CnJlaBOB, 3a-
TpyAHeHIIie B 'C03AaHHH HanpaBJIeH~oro HCTe'eHHH npOAYKTOB siAep-
HbIX peaKUHI3 11 apyrKe.
OA.H'HM H3 Ha'H60JIee B03M0}KHbIX BapHaHTOB aTOMHO-paKeT
Horo ABHraTeJ1'5H gBJI5ieTCSf AB'HraTeJlb, 'HMeIoHUik C I UH&IIbHyfO Ka-
Mepy, CTCHKH KOTOpOII XIOpOHIO oTpa}KafoT HefITpoHbI H XopOIHO'
oxjla>KAaiOTCx. B 9Ty KaMepy no aeTCSI o6oraIUeHHoe l ep-
Hoe roplotlee H pa6O'Jee BeH.[eCTBO, H B HeII HpoHCXOJjHT uenHasr
peaKUHH.
Z[JI5l ABHraTeJIH TaKOII KOHCTpyKUHH He HY)1 HbI 'CBepXCKOp0CT-
Hbfe peaKTopbf C' 6OJIbIIIHMiH HOBepXHOCTHMH TelJl006,MeHa. IIpH
yCJIOBH,H HOJIyqeHHH B KaMepe TeMnepaTypbl ,ra3a 4-5 TbICHLI rpa-
AyCOB CKOpOCTb ero HCTeTIeH,HSI iM0 KeT AOCTHrHyTb 8-9 KHJI?OMeT-
pOB B ceKyHAy.
IIpH COOT.BeTCTByIOHjeM COOTHoiueHHH Mace MO>KHO 6yAeT AO-
CTHrHyTb .
,IJISI Toroo YTO6bI HpeaoxpaHHTb JIIOAeII, HBXOfHIUHXCH B paxe-
Te, OT aef4CTBHH OnaCHbIX H3JIy'IeHHII H3 peaKTopa, aTOM,HbIII ABH-
raTeJib He06xoAHMO H30JIHp'OBaTb OT Ka6HHbI AJIH 3KHna}Ka.
Approved For Release 2008/03/13: CIA-RDP83-00418R007000140003-5
 Approved For Release 2008/03/13: CIA-RDP83-00418R007000140003-5
,L[JIH 3TOII I.I,eJIH MO}KHO HCnOJIb30BaTb TOnJIHB-
Z-Ib1e 6aKH, 3JieMeHTbI KOHCTPYKI[HH, a TaKA{e yCTa-
HaBJIHBaTb Cnel[HaJIbHble 3aLIUHTHble 3KpaHbl.
HpeACTaBJIHeTCH I[eJIecoo pa3HbIM B MHOPOCTy-
neHllaTblX paKeTaX , eJIaTb npoMe}KyTOIIHyIo aTOM-
HyIO. CTyHeHb, HpHtIeM OHa J(OJDKHa Ha- I
XOAHTbCH cpaBHHTeJIbHO AajieKO OT Ka-
'6HIIbI 3KHna}Ka. _
- Ha pHc. 7 nOKa3aHa CXeMa MHOI'O-
,CTyneHLIaTOII KOCMHTIecKoci paKeTbI, B
KOTOpOH aTOMHbI1I ABH-
raTeJlb HaXOJ1HTC5I Ha
TpeTbeI CTyneHH. IIOCJie
OT,I1eJIeHHH OT paKeTbI
I[ByX nepBblX CTyneHeI
;paKeTa / 6yAeT HaXOAHTb-
TeJIOM; z - HJjepHOe tvy--acc.
3 -THA; 4 - yCTpoHCTBO JjJJH
noganH Hpepnoro ropioYerO;
5 - Kaiviepbi.
IV. CTyneHb c IHPA: 1 - 6ax
c ropio'HM; 2 - 6ax c oxnc.nH
Tenets; 3 - THA; 4 -,ICaMepbi.
V. CTyneHb c }KPA: 1'-6ax c
rnningnM: 2- 6ax c OKHCJIHTe-
VI. CTyneHb C m;P{j: 1 -TOU-
JIHBO; 2 - OHHCJIH ;eJlb; 3 -
THA; 4 - KaMepa;
3ISHria 1 a.
?CH Ha 6OJIb1I0II BbICOTe H OT6paCblBaeMble OT aTOMHOrO ABIraTeJIH
.ra3bl 6yAyT HeOnaCHbI. -
HCKyCCTBeHHbII7 C11 THHK 3eMJIH
3asoeBaHHe 4ieJIOBeKOM MextHJlaHeTHOPO HpOCTpaHCTBa OCyme-
,CTBHTCH He C1pa3y, a IIOCTeneHH1o, HO OTJjeJIbHbIM 3TanaM. nepBbIM
.nIaro HBHTCH C03AaHiHe HCKyCCTBeHHOTO CIIyTHHKa 3eMJIH, H TO,
Approved For Release 2008/03/13: CIA-RDP83-00418R007000140003-5
Piic. 7. KocMxgecxaa paKeTa.
1. CTapTOBaH cTyrieHI; c xcHA-
KOCTHo-peaKTHBIIbIM JjBHraTe-
JieM (H{PJj): I - bar c ropi0-
`ia ; 2 - 6aK c olHCJIHTeJIeM;
3 - Typ60Ha000Hbie arperaTbl
(THA); 4 - KaMepbl cropaHHH.
11. CTyneHb e Bo3Rymno-peaK-
THBHbIM JjBHraTeJieM (BPA):
1 - 6a.njion Co c?KaTbIM B03-
2 ,gyxcm: 2 - 6ai u c rOpi04Ii4M;
3 3 - npiMOTO'iHble BPJ.T.
III. CTyneHb c aTOMHbIM JjBH-
 Approved For Release 2008/03/13: CIA-RDP83-00418R007000140003-5
Ha nepsbIx nopax, BecbMa He6oJIbIHHx pa3Mep0B (oKOJIO tmeTpa B
rlonepegHHKe).
IIOACLIHTaHO, LITO OT MHOI'OCTyneHLIaTOIi paKeTbI, Beci-In eIi BMe-
CTe C TOHJIHBOM 16 000 KHJIOrpaMMOB npH CTa'pre, B AaJIbHeIinIeM
CMO}KeT.o'T,r eJIHTbC51 noCJIeAHHH ?CTyIIeHb - paKeTa BeCOM B 50 KH-
JIOrpaMMOB. DTa paKeTa H 6yAeT nepBbIM H'CKyCCT'BeHHbIIM CnyTH'H-
KOM. B TaKOI1 paKeTe y Ke MO}KHO yCTBHOBHTb HeKOTOpble npH6o-
pbI BecoM B O61uef CJIO}KHOCTH AO 10 KHJI'OrpaMiM'OB. DTH npH6o-
pbI ~CMOryT HpOH3BoA'HTb pa3JI,HIIHble CpH3HIIe.CKHe H aCTpO,HOMnLle-
CKiHe Ha6JIIoAeHHH.
I'ICKyCCTBeHHbIF1 'CnyTHHI{ 3eMJiH MO}KCT 6bITb HCnOJIb30Ba'H AJIB
caMbIX pa3JIHLIHbIX 4eJieli; OH OKa}KeT 60JIblLIyIO rIOMOLIjb pa3BHTHIO
TaKHX HayK iKaK aCTpoHIOMHB H aCTpocpH3HKa, HAepHaH (JH3HKa,
6HOJIOrHB, McTeOpOJIOrHH, BbICInaH re0Ae3HH.
B HeKOTOpbIX cJIytIaHX HCKyCCTBeHHbIIi C?nyTHHK MO}KeT Herlo-
cpe4CTBeHHO CJIy}KHTb fOTpe6H'OCTHM JIIOAeIi, CBB3aHHbIIM iC pa3-
JIHLIHbIMH o6JIaCTBMH COBpeMeiH'HOII TexHHKH. B IIaCTHO'CTH, Ha HeM
MOryT 6bITb yCTaHOBJIeHbI np0!Me}KyTOIIHble TpaHCJIBLI;HOHH'ble CTaH-
UHH, 6JIaroAapH KOTO'pblM 6yueT '3HatIHTeJIbHO paC'LUHpexa paAHo-
H TeJIeCB1513b ?Me>Kay 'KOHTH.HeHTaMH 3eMJIH.
B a,CTpoHoMHH II'CKyCICTBeHHblli CHyTHHK 3erMJIH MO}KeT 6bITb HC-
IIOJIb3OBaH AJIH npOH3BOACTBa TaKHX Ha6JIIOAeH'HIi, KOTOpble He
MOryT 6bITb npOH3BeaeHbl He'no,CpeACTBeHHO C 'nOBepXHOCTH 3eMHO-
ro inapa. 3eMHaH aTMOc(pepa CIIJIbHO BJIHHe'T Ha pC3yJIbTaTbl aCTpO-
HoMHIIeCKHX Ha6JIIOAeHHIi. ]ia}Ke ?npH CaMbIX 6J1aronpHBTHbIX amMO-
C(pep'HbIX yCJIOBHHX, .npH OTCyTCTBHH KaKOli 6bI TO H'H 6bIJI0 o6JIaLI-
HOCTH, COBpeMeHHble o6cepBaTOpHH He MOryT nOJIyIIaTb TaKHX pe-
3yJIbTHTOB Ha6nIOAeHHII, KOTOpble MorJIH 6bI 6bI'Tb :nOJIyLIeHbI, eCJIH
6bI HHCTpyM-eHTbI AJIH Ha6JHOAeHHR 3a He6eCH!bIMH CBeTHJIa!MH
yCTaHOBHTb Ha HCKyCCTBeHHOM CnyTHHKe 3eMJI'H. 3TO O6'bHCHHeTCH
sTeM, LITO HeKOTOipble YJlbTpaKOPOTKHe H'3JIyL[eHHH OT COJIHI(a H 3Be3A
HOJIH!OCTbIO nOTJIoHJa!OTCH aT'Moc(epoli H He .AOXOAHT AO HaIIIHX
a'CTpOHOMHLIeCKHX npH6opoB. OLIeBHAHO, IITO H3yI[HTb TaKHe H3JIy-
LIeHHB MbI OMO}KeM TOJIbKO B TOM cJIyTlae, KOrAa npH6opbl 6yAyT
yCTaHOBJIeHbI 3a npeJeJIaMH 3eMHOIi aTMoc(e'pbl. .IpH nOMOLL[H
Aa)Ke He6OJ[bInHX y'C'TaHOBOK AJIH aCTpOHOMHLIeCKHX Ha6JI1o1LeHHH,
[IO'MeIIjeHHbIX Ha HCKyCCTBeHIHOIM CHYTH'HKe 3eMJIH, MO}KHO nOJIy-
L[HTb pe3yJIbTaTbI, HeAOCTH)KH'Mble AJIH 3eMHbIX Jla6opaTOpHii.
Bce CKa3aHH0e nOJIHOCTbIO Mio}KeT OTHOCHTbCH H K o6JIaCT39M
(4H3HKH, IH3y4IaIOIUHM K'ocMiHLIecKHe H3JIyLIeHHH. M3yLIeHHe KOCMH-
LIeCKHX II3JIy'IeH,HIi Ba}KHO He TOJIbKO Aim aCTpO'CpH3HKH, HC'CJIeAylo-
weIi CTpoenHe 3Be3A H pa3JI-HLIHbI-e npoIZeccbI, npoHCX'OAi IIuHe BO
BceJIeHHOIi, HO H AJIH HayKH 0 !CTpoeHHH B'emeCTBa Boo6Uze, Aim
HAepiH'OII Cp.1431HKH. McTOAbI }Ke HAepHOfl (JH3HKH HaLIHHaJOT r.ny6o-
KO np'OHHKaTb B HaLHy M!HPHYIO }KH3Hb. DTH McTOAbI y}Ke c ycne-
XOM npHMeHHIOTCH B CaMbIX pa3HoO6pa3HbIX o6JIaCTSIX AeHTeJIb-
HOCTH JHoAeIi: B McAHUHHe, B 6HOJIOFHH,>B CeJIbCKOM XO3HI3CTBe, B
MaIII,HH,OcTpoeHHH H T., A. CBOT noII'eMy Ba}KHO H3yLIHTb aTOMHyIO
Approved For Release 2008/03/13: CIA-RDP83-00418R007000140003-5
 Approved For Release 2008/03/13: CIA-RDP83-00418R007000140003-5
3HeprHIO B BiHJ KOCMIH~ieCKHX iiyqei3 HeIIOCpe.gCTBeHHO B MHpOBOM
Ii,pOCTpa.HCTBe.
Co3,gaiHiHe HCKYCCTBeHHbIX CnyTHHKOB SIBJIsieTCH BOHpOCOM He-
CKOJIbKHX JIeT, TaK KaK rlp,H.,COBpeMeHHOM YpOBHe pa3BHTH5I pa-
KeTHOII TCXHHKH y}Ke. MO?KHO npHCTyrIHTb K HX KOHCTpyHpOBaH I1O.
AaJiee, pa3Mepbl HCKyCCTBeH'HbIX CHYTHHKOB H HX paccTo lH!He or
3eMJiH.6y.YT yBeJIH4HBaTbC5I 'H, HaKO,Heu, nyTeM Coej[HH-eHHs OT-
PHC. 8. O61mig BHA HCKyCCTBeHHoro cnyTHHKa, Bpauiaiowe-
roca Boxpyr 3eMJIH Ha BblcoTe 1730 KHJI0MeTpo3. RHaMe?rp
CH THHKa - 76- MerpoB. rJOJIHbIH nepnou o6pauleHHa - 2 uaca.
geJIbHbIX CrIYTH,HKOB 6yJ[yT rIOCTpOeHbl -60JIbLbHe JieTaloHjje CTaH-
UHH, Ha IKOTOpbIX HaTIHeTCSI c6opKa nepBblx paxeT L JIS1 rloJleTa,
Ha JIYHY (pac. 8),
C pa3BH'` eM SiaepHOA 9HepreTHKH MO?KHO O?KHJ[aTb, q TO Kopa6-
JIH Aim rIOJIeTOB Ha apyrHe nJIaHeTbl 6yAYT co6HpaTbCSI Henocpe;tl
CTBeHHO Ha 3eMJIe.
Approved For Release 2008/03/13: CIA-RDP83-00418R007000140003-5
 Approved For Release 2008/03/13: CIA-RDP83-00418R007000140003-5
YCJIOBHA AJIA OCy[1(eCTBJICHHA Me7KHJIaHeTHbIX nOJICTOB
I'JIaBHbI'M YCJIOBHeM AJIH 0CyU[eCTBJIeHHB ? Me~KHJIaHeTHbIX coo6-
WeHHi3 HBJIHeTCH CO3J.(aHHe KOOMHTIeCKOPO KOpa6JIH.
Ho, nOMHMO 3TOr0, TIeJIOBeKy 'npeACTOHT 'peIHHTb e me pHJ; Cepb-
e3HbIX BOIIpOCOB, CHJIbHO '3aTpyAHHIoU HX peuieHHe BCeH npo6JIeMbl
KOCMHgeC'KOPO nOJIeTa. K TaKHM BonpOCaM OTIHOCHTCH o6ecneTIeHh
6e3onaICHOCTH KOCMHTI?CKOPO Kopa&IH, o6ecneT4eHHe }KH'3HIH H Cy-
u eCTBOBa?HHH LiejiOBeKa B nyTH I3 BO BpeMB npe6blBaiHHH erO Ha
pa3JIHT-IHbIX nJIaHeTaX H, HaKOHe'g, co3AaHHe HaBHraII,HOHHOPO o6o-
pygOBaiH'HH AJIH KOCMHqeCKOrO Kopa6J1H.
FoBOpH 0 BO3MOX{HbIX aBapHHX KOCMHT1eCKOrO Kopa6JIH, CJIeAyeT
,nOApa3yMeBaTb He Te aBapH,H, KOTOpble M,OryT IIpOH3OII'lH C ABH-
`raTeJIeM HJIH ApyrHMH TiaCTHiMH Kopa6JIH. PeTIb HAeT o6 asapHHx,
.KOTOpble MOryT npOH30IITH npH BCTpeTle c McTeopaM,H, HaXOAHHjH-
MHCH B Me?KnJIaHeTHOM n'pOCTpalCTBe. IIoaa'BJIHioI.Ilee 6oJIbnIHH-
CTBO McTeopOB, KaK yx Bceco1o3Horo o6HtecTBa
no pacnpocTpaHeHHlo nonHTHVecKHx H Hayvnbix
3HaHHN HpOCHT npHCbIJ1aTb OT3bIBbI o6 3TOIl 6pomiope
no apecy: MOCKBa, HoBaH nJIoL aAb, A. 3/4.
ABTOpbt
TJie6 MaKCHMHJIHaHOBH4 Kp)KHACaHOBCKHN, PeAaKTOp E. A. KypHila.
BJIaAHMap IOpbeBHV CTCKJIOB. TexH. peAaKTOp H. F. HCJIeHTbeBa.
KoppeKTOp C. M. Bay3p.
A 05154. Ilo,gnHCano K neq. 4/V 1956 r. Tnpa K 145 000 3x3. M3A. N2 47.
ByMara 60 X 92'/16 - 1,5 n. n.= .3 n. ji. YveTHO-H3A. 3,08 ji.3aKa3 N2 1371.
3-si THnorpac4HSi FnaBnoJ1HrpacpnpoMa
MHHHCTepCTBa KyJlbrypbl CCCP. MocKBa, KpacHOnponeTapcxasi, 16.
C
Approved For Release 2008/03/13: CIA-RDP83-00418R007000140003-5
 Approved For Release 2008/03/13: CIA-RDP83-00418R007000140003-5
2.
C npHCTaJIbHbIM BHHMaHHeM I I3ygaJl B. H. JIeHHH TeHjjeHIIHH
pa3BHTH51 nepeaOBOA COBpeMeHHON TexHHKH, cJIeJjHJI 3a BHeJjpeHHeM
3JIeKTpHTIeCKOII 3HeprHH B npOMbIIIIJIeHHOCTb, TpaHCnOpT, ceabCKoe
H KOMMyHaJIbHOe XO3511CTBO H npHHleJI K MbICJIH 0 TOM, To 3JieK-
TpHCJHKaUHB HapojjHoro XO35INCTBa B YCJIOBH5IX COUHaJIH3Ma He
TOJIbKO H OH3BejjeT peBOJIIOUHIO BO BCex OTpaCJIHX TeXHHKH H XO-
35INCTBa, HO H 3HaTIHTeJIbHO o6J1ergHT Tpyjj geJioBexa. B CTaTbe
COjjHa H3 BeJIHKHX no6ej>: TeXHHKH> , HanHCaHHON B 1913 rojiy B
CB513H C OnbITBMH allFJIHNCKoro XHMHKa PaMCeHI [TO fO,13eMHON ra-
3HCJHKaUHH yrJiB, JIeHHH OTMega.I:
Kaoro AOMa H36aBHT MHJIJIHOHbI CCAOMaulHHX pa-
6bIHb> OT Heo6xogHMOCTH y6HBaTb TPH tleTBepTH >KH3HH B CMpa,g-
HOII KyXHe>> 1. ,
HapsiAy C H3yileHHeM npaIS'IHtIecKHx nyTei3 BHe,gpeHHx BJIeKTpH-
ileCTBa B COBPeMCHHYIO TeXHHKy B. H. J1eHHH yJ.[eJI i.I 60JIbluoe
BHHMaHHe TeOpeTHgeCKHM npo6JIeMaM CMI13HKH, CBH3aHHbIM C 3JIeK-
TpH4eCTBOM.
TaKHM o6pa3oM, HAeH J1eHHHa o6 3JIeKTpH(1)HKaUHH KaK OCHOBe
MaTepHaJIbHO-TeXHH,IeCKOIi 6a3bI COUHaJIH3Ma B03HHKJIH H pa3BH-
JIHCb B pe3yJIbTBTe Hays-IHoro, MapKCHCTCK0r0 HCCJIe)jOBaHHH o6Haero
pa3BHTHH npOH3BOAIITeJIbHbIX CHJI, B opraHH'IeCKOIi CBH3H C rjiy6o-
KHM H3y'-IeHHeM HJjeff COBpeMeHHOii (JH3HKH B 06JIaCTH 9JIeKTpHqe-
CTBa. H COBepIIIeHHO eCTeCTBeHHO, 4TO Korjja nepe, MOJIO)[bIM Co-
BeTCKHM roCyJjapCTBOM BO BCex UJHPOTe BCTaJIH 3aJjatIH HOBOI'O
X03RIICTBeHHOrO CTpOHTeJIbCTBa, B3rJi5iA JIeHHHa yCTpeMHJICH B CTO-
pOHy 3JIeKTPHCcHKauHH.
Y>Ke B anpe.ne 1918 roAa, Bcero JIHHIb Hepe3 HeCKOJIbKO McCH-
ueB nocJte no6eru i OKTH6pbCKOIi peBoJllouHH, JIeHHH B Ha6pocKe
nJlaHa pa6oT AKaAeMHH HayK npegiiaraeT C03AaTb P5A KOMHCCHII
AJIH KHo 6oJlee 6bICTpoI'o COCTaBJIeHHH nJiaHa peopraHH3a-
uHH np0MbIIHJIeHHOCTH H 3KOHOMHileCKOI'o no,TI beMa PoccHH>>.
JIeHHH nOA'-IepKHBaJI, TITO nPH COCTBBJICHHH 9TOr0 nJtaHa Heo6xo-
AHMO o6paTHTb oco6oe BHHMaHHe KH3Hb B 1920 roay, KOrAa B pe3y,nbTaTe
repOH~ieCKHX BOeHHbIX no6eA COBeTCKOro HapoAa n0Ji0}KeHHe npo-
JleTapCKOrO rocygapCTBa ynPOqHJIOCb H nOHBHJIaCb BO3MO)KHOCTb
3aH$ITbCSI X03HIICTBeHHbIM CTpOHTeJIbCTBOM. FeHHIt JIeHHHa, ero
Hecr116aeMa, BOJIH 6bIJIH HanpaBJleHbl He TOJIbKO Ha npeOAOJIeHHe
TpyAHOCTeIi, p0>KAeHHbIX nepe>KHBaeMbIM TorAa nepHOAOM. OCTpbII3
B30p I'1JIbHLia, pa3,LBHHyB 3aBecy BpeMeHH, npOHHKaJI Ha AecHTH-
JIeTHH BnepeA, onpeAeJIHH AaJIeKHe nepcneKTHBbI noABeAenHSI nOA
Hatay nepeAOByio rocyaapcTBeHHyIO HaACTpOIIKy CTOJIb }Ke nepeao-
BOI3 MwTepHaJIbHO-TeXHHqeCKOIi 6a3bI.
JIeHHH OLIeHb HHTepeCOBaJICH npo6J1eMOII HCHOJlb30BaHHH TOp(Ja,
BHAH B HeM peaJlbHyio 6a3y AJIH pa3BepTbIBaHH5I 3JIeKTPHq)HKauHH
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Approved For Release 2008/03/13: CIA-RDP83-00418R007000140003-5
 Approved For Release 2008/03/13: CIA-RDP83-00418R007000140003-5
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Approved For Release 2008/03/13: CIA-RDP83-00418R007000140003-5
 Approved For Release 2008/03/13: CIA-RDP83-00418R007000140003-5
uHaTHBe npHIISIJi HCTOPHIIeCKYIO pe30JIIOUIIIO o6 BJIeKTpHCJHKauHH
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Approved For Release 2008/03/13: CIA-RDP83-00418R007000140003-5
 Approved For Release 2008/03/13: CIA-RDP83-00418R007000140003-5
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Approved For Release 2008/03/13: CIA-RDP83-00418R007000140003-5
 Approved For Release 2008/03/13: CIA-RDP83-00418R007000140003-5
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Approved For Release 2008/03/13: CIA-RDP83-00418R007000140003-5
 Approved For Release 2008/03/13: CIA-RDP83-00418R007000140003-5
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Approved For Release 2008/03/13: CIA-RDP83-00418R007000140003-5
 Approved For Release 2008/03/13: CIA-RDP83-00418R007000140003-5
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BJI5IeTC51 HIHpOKafl nporpaMMa rHJjp09HepreTHxiecKoro CTpOHTeJIb-
CTBa. MOLUHOCTb rw po9JIeKTPOCTaHUHIi B03paCTaeT 3a 5 JIeT B
2,7 pa3a. O6maH MOLI[HOCTb MC, BBOJtHMbIX B 1956-1960 roaax,
npeBbICHT 10 MHJIJIHOHOB KHJIOBaTT, npHtIeM B LU6CTOIi nfiTHJIeTKe
MbI 6yJ[eM COOpy}KaTb B OCHOBHOM He H3OJIHpOBaHHble rHapOCTaH-
IjHH, a ueaIbie KaCKaJjbi; HCnOJIb3ylol.I[He 9HeprHlo BceIi peKH.
Em e B . OBOeHHble rOJ[bI Ha4IaJIOCb KOMnJIeKCHOe HcnOJIb3oBaHHe
BOJIrH. Tenepb y}Ke J[eIICTBYIOT [IfiTb CTyneHeIi BOJIDKCKOrO KaCKaJja,
H3 HHX I'OpbKOBCKafi I73C fOJIHOCTbIO BCTynaeT B 9KCnJIyaTaUHIO B
1956 roJ[y. B IuecTOH U HTHJIeTKe BOIiJ1yT B CTpOR Bce 20 Typ6HH
Kyf16biLueBCKOIi I'DC o6u eI3 MOMHOCTbIO B 2,1 MHJIJIHOHa KHJIOBaTT
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TOJIbKO r1OCJIeJ[HHe JJ,Be rHraHTCKHe rHJ[po3JIeKTpoCTaHLuHH 6y)[y'r
J[aBaTb e}Kero,[HyIO 9KOHOMH1O yrJifi B 10 MHJIJIHOHOB TOHH. Kyl--
6bIIHeBcKafI F9C 6yaeT Bblpa6aTbIBaTb B Cpe1[HHIi' no BOAHOCTH
roa 11,4 MHJIJIHapJ[a KHJIOBaTT-,IaCOB aJIeKTp03HeprHH. KyIi6bILneB-
CKoe BoJ[oxpaHHJIHIJIe 6yJ[eT caMbiM 6OJIbIBHM Ha- BOJIre: nJio ua.a
ero cocTaBHT nOgTH 5 500 KBa.apaTHblx KHJIOMeTp0B, a HOArIop BOJ;bI
pacnpocTpaHHTCSI - J[O LIe6oxcap. CTa.IHHrpaJZCKaa rHJ[po3JleKTpo-
cTaHL[HfI 6yJ eT KpynHeIimefi cpeJju YCTaHOBOK BoJI}KCKoro KacKaaa
H BMeCTe C TeM caMOfi 9KOHOMHgHOI1. BoaoxpaHHJIrrn a CTaHLIHH
npOTHHeTCH Ha 620 KHJIOMeTPOB H 6yaeT HMeTb eMKOCTb B 33,5 MHJi-
JIHapJ[a Ky6oMeTpoB BOJ[bI.
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capcKOIi F3C MOLUHOCTb1O OKOJIO 800 TbICH9 KHJIOBaTT. Ha Capa-
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Approved For Release 2008/03/13: CIA-RDP83-00418R007000140003-5
 Approved For Release 2008/03/13: CIA-RDP83-00418R007000140003-5
rpaAcxoII CTaHwIHMH, B6JIH3H ropoja BaJIaKOBO, npeAycMaTpH-
BaeTCH yCTaHOBK 16 rHApoarperaTOB. FHApocTaHum.9 6y,geT-
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yCJIOBHH Ha 3TOM ytiaCTKe BOJirH 3HatIHTeJIbHO yJlynnlaTClI.
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HyIO MOUHOCTb coopy>KeHIIe KaMCKOII H BOTKIIHCKOI1 rHApo3JIeK-
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CKOM BOAOXpaHHJIHWe nOAHHMaeTCSI AO npoeKTHOII OTMeTKH. rlep-
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CHtI KHJIOBaTT Ka>KAaH. CTPOHTeJISIM BOTKHHCKOII FDC npeACTOHT
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2 MHJIJIHOHa Ky6OMeTpOB 6eTOHa m >KeJIe3o6eTOxa, tITO BABOe npe-
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AeT HagaTO coopy}KeHHe ewe OAHOI3 rHApOCTaHuHH Ha KaMe -
HH>KHe-KaMCKOK I3C MOwHOCTbIO OKOJIO 900 TbICSITI KHJIOBaTT.
KaMCKHe rHApO9JICKTPOCTaHLHH 6yAyT noAKJILo'1eHbl K YpaJIbCKOFI
9HeprocncTeMe, a B aaJIbHefiiieM H K eAHHOK 9HeproeI cTeMe espo-
neIICKOIi gaCTH CCCP H AOJI>KHbI CbIrpaTb 60JIbIIIylO pOJib B o6ec-
neqeHHH 3JIeKTpO3HeprHeIi pa3BHTOII npOMbIIHJIeHHOCTH Ypaiia.
Ce6eCTOHMOCTb 3HeprHIl BOJI>KCKHX H KaMCKHX rHApOCTaHILHII
6yAeT HCKJIIOtIHTeJIbHO H143KOII. Ha KpyllHei3IIIHX H3 HHX - KyH6bI-
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3KOHOMF O KaMeHHOrO yrJIR OKOJIO 25 MHJIJIHOHOB TOHH. 3Ha-
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Approved For Release 2008/03/13: CIA-RDP83-00418R007000140003-5
 Approved For Release 2008/03/13: CIA-RDP83-00418R007000140003-5
25X1
Approved For Release 2008/03/13: CIA-RDP83-00418R007000140003-5
 Approved For Release 2008/03/13: CIA-RDP83-00418R007000140003-5
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Approved For Release 2008/03/13: CIA-RDP83-00418R007000140003-5
 Approved For Release 2008/03/13: CIA-RDP83-00418R007000140003-5
rHAjo3JIeKTpocTaHuHH CH6HpH BOHAyT B eAHHyIO 9HepreTH4ecxylo
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Approved For Release 2008/03/13: CIA-RDP83-00418R007000140003-5
 Approved For Release 2008/03/13: CIA-RDP83-00418R007000140003-5
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Approved For Release 2008/03/13: CIA-RDP83-00418R007000140003-5
 Approved For Release 2008/03/13: CIA-RDP83-00418R007000140003-5
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Approved For Release 2008/03/13: CIA-RDP83-00418R007000140003-5
 Approved For Release 2008/03/13: CIA-RDP83-00418R007000140003-5
Pa30M, y, eJIbHa5i CTOHMOCTb 1 KHJIOBaTTa Typ6HHbI B 200 TbICHLI
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Approved For Release 2008/03/13: CIA-RDP83-00418R007000140003-5
 . Approved For Release 2008/03/13: CIA-RDP83-00418R007000140003-5
B 3KCnJIyaTauHiO KOTJIOB BbICOKOIO AaBJieHHH H MOJJ.epHH3aIjHSI aeK-
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nepCOHaJIa Ha 3JIeKTPOCTaHUHHX.
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Approved For Release 2008/03/13: CIA-RDP83-00418R007000140003-5
 Approved For Release 2008/03/13: CIA-RDP83-00418R007000140003-5
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Approved For Release 2008/03/13: CIA-RDP83-00418R007000140003-5
 Approved For Release 2008/03/13: CIA-RDP83-00418R007000140003-5
CTpHpOBaTb npHMepOM KyT6bIHIeBCKOIi rHapO3JIeKTpOCTaHIjHH.
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Cpe,ijHeBoJDKCxOI3.cHCTeMe H eCJIH 6b1 He HMeJIOCb B BHAy coopy}Ke-
HHe JIHHHH 3JIeKTponepejja1iH, CB513bIBaIOIIjeft ee C MOCKBOii, c pali-
OHaMH Ypaoa H lOra, TO YCTaHOBJIeHHyIO MOLUHOCTb CTaHIUHH B
2,1 MHJIJIHOHa KHJIOBaTT npHnIJIOCb 6bI 3Ha'IHTeJIbHO yMeHbIIIHTb.
A3T0 npHBejio 6b1 K HenpOH3BOAHTeJIbHOMy c6pocy BOAbI tlepe3
nJIOTHHY, K HeHOJIHOMY HCHOJIb3OBaHHIO THApO3HepreTHL1eCKHX pe-
CypCOB. IIpHIIIJIOCb 6bI yBeJIHtiHTb BbIpa6OTKy 9JIeKTpO3HeprHH Ha
'TenJIOBbIX 3JIeKTpOCTaHLHHX B _ApyrHX paflOHax, yBeJIHtIHB coOTBeT-
.cTBeHHO,pacxOA TOnJIHBa.
IIPH 3TOM pe3KO B03pOCJIii 6bI KaHHTaJIOBJIO}KeHHR Ha yCTaHOB-
JIeHHbIIi KHJIOBaTT MOIIjHOCTH, yBeJIHtIHJIaCb 6bI ce6ecTOHMOCTb
OAHOFO KHJIOBaTT-tlaca 3JIeKTp03Heprau, Bblpa6aTbIBaeMOIi KyK6bi-
HIeBCKO9 rHApo3JIeKTpOCTaHuHefI.
OCO6eHHO BbIrOAHO, KOrAa B 3HepreTHtleCKyIO CHCTeMy BKJ1IOtIa-
JOTCH rHApo3JIeKTpoCTaHIjHH, paCHOJI03KeHHble Ha peKaX C pa3JIHzI-
HbIMH rHApoJIorHtieCKHMH pe}KHMaMH, KOr,a He COBnaAaIOT Ce30HbI
MaKCHMaJIbHbIX H MHHHMaJIbHbIX paCXOAOB BOABI, CpOKH npoxo}KAe-
HHH naBOAKOB, HOBTOpRCMOCTb MaJIOBOAHbIX H MHOrOBOAHbIX JIeT.
UpH BKJIIOtieHHH TaKOIi rpynnbi rHApoctaHIjHIi B aHepreTHtleCKyK}
CHCTeMy 3TH pa3JIHtIHR BbIpaBHHBaIOTCSI H TeM CaMbIM rIOBbInlaeTCH
rapaHTHpOBaHHaH MOIILHOCTb, C03AatOTCR 60JIee 6J1aroHPHSITHble
yCJIOBHR AJIR HaH6ojiee BbIFOAHOrO paCXOAOBaHHR BOAbI H3 BOAO=
XpaHHJIHIU, pacnoa10}KeHHbIX Ha pa3JIHtIHbIX peKax.
,LjaJIbHeIiiuee pa3BHTHe pa60T no 3JieKTpHIpHKaUHH CTpaHbI
npHBeAeT K COeAHHeHHIO eAHHOH 3HepreTHtieCKOli CHCTeMbI CH6HpH
C eAHHOIi 3HepreTHgeCKOIi CHCTeMOIi eBponefICKOIi t1aCTH CCCP. TaK
BO3HNKHeT eAHHaH BbICOKOBOJIbTHaR CeTb CCCP - EBC.
TpyAHO nepeoueHHTb orpoMHoe HapOAHOXO3SIIICTBeHHOe 3Haqe-
HHe C03AaHHR EBC, OXBaTbIBa10HJeii MHJIJIHOHbl KBaapaTHbIX KHJIO-
McTpo.B. Heo6,bRTHbIX npOCTpaHCTB COBeTCKOrO C0I03a. ueHTpaJIH-
3aw411 H_ aBTOMaTH3alIHSi ynpaBJIeHHR 3TOIi CHCTeMOIi r103BOJIHT B
AecRTKH pa3 HOBbICHTb npOH3BOAHTeTIbHOCTb TpyAa Ha 3JIeKTpOCTBH-
IIHHX. Bo MHOrO pa3 COKpaTHTCR KOJIHtIeCTBO pe3ePBHbIX arperaTOB
H 3JIeKTpOCTaHuHH. aIIeKTPOCTaHH,HH C pa3JIHtlHbIM pe}KHMOM pa;
60TbI, 3aBHCHIILHe OT HenOCTOHHCTBa MOIIIHOCTH 9HepreTHtieCK11X pe-
CypCOB, 6yAyT B3aHMHO AOHOJIHHTb Apyr Apyra. CI'JIaAHTCH HepaB-
HoMepHOCTb B pe}KHMe nOTpe6J1eHHH 9JieKTpO9HeprHH.
OrpoMHoe npeHMyIIIeCTBO eAHHOIi 9HepreTHtleCKOii CHCTeMbI
6yJjeT COCTOHTb H B TOM, tITO OHa. o6ecnetIHT HaHJIytnnee co eTaHHe
H HCHOJIb3OBaHHe pa3JIHTIHbIX BHAOB 3HepreTHtieCKHX peCypCOB H
3HepreTHtieCKoro o6opyROBaHHH, Half6OJIbIIiylO MaHeBpeHHOCTb H
3KOHOMH'IHOCTb 3HepreTHtleCKOI3 6a3bI HapOAHOro X0351fCTBa.
Pa3BHTHe 3HepreTHKH CBSI3aHO C pelueHHeM CJIO}KHbIX HaytIHO-
TeXHHtIeCKHX npo6J1eM. OCo6eHHO CJIO}KHble npO6JIeMbI B03HHKaIOT
B CBII3H C nepCneKTHBOI3 C03AaHHR eAHHOIi 3HepreTHtieCKOIi CHCTeMy
CCCP.. . .
Approved For Release 2008/03/13: CIA-RDP83-00418R007000140003-5
 Approved For Release 2008/03/13: CIA-RDP83-00418R007000140003-5
Oco of Ba}KHOCTH 3aIIagH B03HHKaIOT B CB513H c nepeAaqei
3HepFHH OI'pOMHOH MOIIZHOCTH Ha aaJIbHHe paCCTOHHHH. B pe3yJIb-
TaTe Hay4HO-HCCJIeJ_(OBaTeJIbCKHX H npoeKTHO-KOHCTPYKTOPCKHX pa-
60T C03,aaH HOBbIH KJIaCC nepeAaiu, nepBbIM npHMepOM KOTOpOI'O
CJIy}KHT JIHHHH MOCKBa - Kyn6bIHIeB Hanp5i}KeHneM B 400 TbIC514
BOJIbT.
OAHaKO 3TO AaJIeKO He eAHHCTBeHHO B03MO>KHOe peuleHHe BO-
ripoca. B03HHKaJOT HOBble Hay1IHO-TeXHHUeCKHe 3aaaHH, CB513aHHble
C OCBOeHHeM HOBOI'O, 60JIee BbICOKOFO KJlacca 3JIeKTponepeAaLIH.
JJJIR nepeAanH 3JIeKTpH'IeCKOH 3HeprHH Ha olieHb 6oJIbHIoe paCCTOSi-
HHe ueJIecoO6pa3HO npHMeHHTb HOCTOSIHHbII3 TOK BbICOKOFO HanpR-
}KeHHI. TIHHHR nepe,maqH CTa.IHHrpaACKaH FDC - goH6aCC, KOTO-
paSi 'CBH}KCT B HIeCTOH HHTHJICTKe ABe 3HepreTHtIeCKHe CHCTeMbi,
H03BOJIHT HaKO IHTb UCHHbIH OnbIT B BTOM HOBOM, BCCbMa nepcneK-
THBHOM ,geJle.
CJIO}KHble 3aaa'IH B03HHKaIOT B o6JIaCTH ynpaBJIeHHH eAHHOH
9HepreTH-IeCKOH CHCTeMOH, MOIIJ,HOCTb KOTOpOH 6yAeT H3MepHTbCH
MHOPHMH aecRTKaMH MHJIJIHOHOB KHJIOBaTT, a npOTH}KeHHOCTb CO-
CTaBHT MHOI'He TbICHLIH KHJIOMeTp0B. Bce ynpaBJleHHe eio ROJI>KHO
6bITb nOJIHOCTb}O aBTOMaTH3HpoBaHO. 1UHpOKoe npHMeHeHHe HaH-
AyT TYT CLIeTHO-peiuaioWHe yCTpOHCTBa, CBH3aHHble TeJIeMeXaHHne-
CKHMH CHCTeMaMH C aBTOMaTH4IeCKHMH KOnepaTopaMH>, yCTaHOB-
JIeHHbIMH Ha 3JIeKTPOCTaHIZIIHX H nOACTaHUIIaX. ABTOMaTH1-IeCKHe
KOnepaTOpbl> 6yayT HyCKaTb H OCTaHaBJIHBaTb arperaTbl, BKJno4aTb
11 OTKJIIOLIaTb JIHHHH nepeaali, peryjinpOBaTb gaCTOTy, HanpR}KeHHe,
HOTOKH MOLTIHOCTH HO JIHHHHM, pacnpe,eJIHTb MOMHOCTH Me}KAy
CTaHUHHMH H arperaTaMH. HoBecuiHe cTIeTHO-peulaloII'e yCTPOH-
CTBa, o6JIaaaJ OF OMHOH CKOpOCTbIO BbILIHCJIeHHII, CMOFyT nOAAep-
}KHBBTb CHCTeMy B 3aAaHHOM, HaH6OJIee BbIPOAHOM pexcHMe H aB-
TOMaTIItIeCKH o6ecneT4HBaTb 6ecnepe6otHOe 3JIeKTpOcna6 KeHHe,
onepaTHBHO- MaHeBPHPyR OFpOMxbIMH pe3epBaMH.
EAHHaH 3HepreTHqeCKall CHCTeMa CCCP, KpynHbli mar n0 nyTH
K oCyUJ.eCTBJIeHHIO KOTOpOH 6yAeT cAeJlaH B HIeCTOH nBTHJieTKe,
03HaMCHyeT co60H HOBbIH Ba}KHbIH 3Tan, B CO3AaHHH npOH3BOA-
CTBeHHO-TeXHHgecKOH 6a3bI :KOMMyHH3Ma, B BbIHOJIHeHHH 3aBCTOB
BeJIHKoro JIeHHHa.
Be.IHgeCTBeHHbl nepcneKTHBbI 3JIeKTpHCJHKauIIH HapOAHOI'O XO-
3HIICTBa COBeTCKOrO C0I03a.
COBeTCKHH IlapoA nOA MyAPbIM BOAHTeJIbCTBOM KOMMyHHCTHTIe-
CKOI3 napTIIH npeTBOpAeT B }KH3Hb BeJIHKyIO JIeHHHCKyIO HAeJo
3JieKTpHI~HKauHH Bce1 CTpanbl H ysepeHHO iiau BnepeA K no6eAe
KOMMyHH3Ma.
Approved For Release 2008/03/13: CIA-RDP83-00418R007000140003-5
 Approved For Release 2008/03/13: CIA-RDP83-00418R007000140003-5
K0Il.
N3AATEJIbCTBO Ke HOCTpoHTb H BBecTH B A61'ICTBHe Kpynuble
Approved For Release 2008/03/13: CIA-RDP83-00418R007000140003-5
 Approved For Release 2008/03/13: CIA-RDP83-00418R007000140003-5
rHApoBJieKTpOCTaHL[HH iia giieripe - KpeMeHLIyrCKyIO 19C MOLII-
HOCTbIO 450 TbIC: K8T H ,UHeIIpOA3ep}KHHCKYIO I'3C MOLUHOCTbIO
250 TbIC. KBT.
OnbIT, HaKOHJIeHHbII-I COBeTCKHMH cHApOCTpOHTeJIHMII Ha HO-
CTPOHKe ~IHenpor3c, UHMJIHHCKOit, TOpbKOBCKOI3, Kyi6biineBCKOii
H Apyrxx rHApOBJIeKTPOCTaHUHI-l B esponeilCKOiI LIaCTH CCCP.
H03BOJIHJI nepe%iTH K CTPOHTeJlbCTBY KpynHeiiLHHX rHApo3JIeKT'pO-
CTaHUHH B BOCTOLIHbIX pailoHax CTpaHbI. B LHeCTOM nfiTHJIeTHH Ha-
McT-IeHO BBeCTH B aef4CTBHe Ha AHrape HpKyTCKYIO rHApo3JIeKTpO-
CTaHLIH1O MOIIjHOCTbio 660 TbIC. KBT, rlepayio otiepeAb BpaTCKOfi
rHAp03JieKTpOCTaHUHH, HOJIHa5i npoeKTHaH MOU HOCTb KOTOPOiI CO-
CTaBHT 3 MJIH. 200 TbIC. KBT, H HOBocH6HpcKylo rHApo3JIeKTpOCTaH-
111310 Ha O6H MO11 HOCTb10 400 TbIC. K8T, a TaK}Ke npHCTYnHTb K
CTpOHTeJIbCTBy KpaCHOHpCKOit rHApo3JIeKTpOCTaHLLHH Ha EHHcee
MOILIHOCTbiO 3 MJIH. 200 TbIC..KBT H KaMeHCKOA rl3Apo3JIeKTpoCTaH-
IjI113 Ha 06H MOHjHOCTbIO 500 TbIC. KBT. BOJIbHIHHCTBO H3 3THX rHA-
p03JIeKTPOCTaHLlHI3 XapaKTepH3yeTCSI BbICOKHM HCnoJIb3OBaHHeM
BOAHbIX pecypcoB, 6JIaroAap5i o6pa3oBaHHlo 6OJIbLHHX HO o6beMy
BOAOXpaHHJIHLU, r103BOJIF11OLUHX OCyILjeCTBJIHTb peryjiHposaHHe peq-
Horo CTOKa. .
Ha 6a3e KpynHeuulHX rHApo3JIeKTpOCTaHUHH C03AaeTc I MOH1-
Ha5i 3HepreTmecxaa CHCTeMa B eBpone1 CKOiI naCTH CCCP (EBCI.
KOTOpaH o6'beAHHHT 3HeprOCHCTeMbI I]eHTpa, fora m Ypajia. OAHO-
BpeMeHHO Pa3BePHYTC5I pa60TbI no C03AaHHIO eAHHOfI 3HepreTHLle-
CK0I3 CHCTeMbI ueHTpaJIbHON CI36HpH, OCHOBOiI KOTOPOiI 6yAyT
rpaHAH03Hble rHApO3JIeKTpoCTaHUHH Ha HpTbIHIe, O6H, EHHcee.
AHrape H ApyrHx peKax. t
IlocTpoilKa KpynHblx THApOy3JIOB Ha Bojire, KaMe, Unenpe H
ApyrHX peKaX AaCT BO3MO}KHOCTb 3aKOHLIHTb pa60TbI no o6pa3OBa-
HMO eAHHOI-I rJIy6OKOBOAHOH TpaHCHOPTHOiI CHCTeMbI B eBponeH-
CKOI'I liaCTH CCCP, n03BOJIHIOn(ei3 npOH3BOAHTb TpaH3HTHble nepe-
B03KH rpy30B H3 OAHHX paitOHOB CTpaHbI B apyrHe. ITOCJIe nOCTpOi3-
KH KpyHHbIX, peryJiHpyioii x CTOK BoIOxpaHHJIHLU 3Halg'HTeJIbHO
B03paCTYT CyAOXOAHble rJIy6HHbI Ha peKaX CH6HpH - HpTbiiue,
O6H, EHHcee H AHrape. 3TO n03BOJIHT yBeJIHLIHTb rpy3006opOT
peTIHOro TpancnopTa npHMepHO Ha 800/o.
,UGHeuKHiI yrOJlb H3 HOCTpOeH'HOrO B paikOHe YCTbH CeBep-Horo
,ROHua YCTb-,qOHeijKoro nOpTa 6yAeT ROCTaBJIHTbCH B UeHTPaJIb-
Hble, CeBepo-3anaAHbie F. CeBepo-BOCTOtIHble paI30Hbl eBponef4CKOi3
'-IaCTH CTpaHbI npeHMYLIjeCTBeHHO BOj1,OYI: B MOCKBy - no BOJIro-
,UGHCKOMy KaHaJIy HMeHH JIeHHHa, BoJire H KaHaJIy HMeHH MOCK-
?BbI, Ha ceBepO-3anaa - rio BOJIro-BaJITHACKOMy BOAHOMy nyTH, Ha
ceBepO-BOCTOK - 110 rJIy6OKOBOAHOiI KaMe. C KaMbI 6ygeT HOCTY-
naTb iieC K IO)KHbIM npOMbIHIJIeHHbIM IjeHTpaM CTpaHbI. 3HaLIHTeJIb-
HO BO3paCTYT nepeB03ICH 110 BOAHbIM HYTHM pyAbI, xJle6a, MHHe-
paJlbHO-CTpoHTeJIbHblX MaTepHaJIOB H apyrHx rpy3OB.
KpynneiLHHe CO MOBCKHe RH3eJIb3JieKTpOXORbl nO BOJIro-Ba.n-
THHCKOMy BOAHOMy nyTH' H KaHaJIy HMeHH MOCKBbl H3 JTeHHHrpaaa
Approved For Release 2008/03/13: CIA-RDP83-00418R007000140003-5
 Approved For Release 2008/03/13: CIA-RDP83-00418R007000140003-5
H MOCKBEI 6yJI,yT CXOAHTbCR B Pb16HHCKOM Bo oxpaHHJIHw,e, YTo6bI
3aTeM no Bo.nre, BOJIrO-ZiOHCKOMy CyAOXOAHOMy KaHaJIy HMeHH
B. H. JIeHnHa, LHMJIRHCKOMy :BogoxpaHHJIHI11y H HH}KHeMy UoHy
AOTH AO pOCTOBCKOr0 nOpTa, CnyCTHTbCR Ha for no A30BCKOMy H
4epHOMy MOPHM H nOAOHTH K 6eperaM KpblMa H KaBKa3a.
KpynHble rHApOTeXHH'-IeCKHe_ pa60TbI, npOBOAHMbie ceilqac Ha
peKax CI16Hpn, MOryT B RaJIbFieF1IHeM 3aBepLUHTbCH COeai4HeHHeM
6acceiHa BoJIFH C 6accefiHaMH 0611 H EHHCeH.
YBeJIHLIeHHe BbIpa6OTKH 9JIeKTpHTIeCKO1'I 3HeprHH r103BOJI11T Bee-
McpHO pa3BHBaTb 3JIeKTpOeMKHe npOH3BOACTBa, MexaHH3npOBaTb H
nOJIHOCTblO aBTOMaTH3HpoBaTb 60JIb1IIHHCTBO npoH3BOACTBeHHbIX
EIp0L1e000B Ha (Ja6pHKaX H 3aBOJ[aX, Ha TpaHCIIOpTe H B CeJIbCKOM
X03RKCTBe.
B CBeTe 3a,L aLI, HOCTaBJIeHHbIX nepeA COBeTCKHMH rHApOCTpOH-
TeJISIMH B IneCTOM n5TTHJIeTHH, OnbIT coopyxceHHR KpynHenuLlex
KyH6bIIIIeBCKOH rup03J eKTpOCTaHUHH Ha Bo.nre npeAcraBJIReT
oco6oe 3HageHne.
OpraHH3al{H9 npoeKTHbIX, H3bICKaTeJIbCKHX H HayiIHO-
HccJIeAOBaTeJIbCKHX pa6OT
HpoeKTHpOBaHHe KyH6bIIIIeBCKOK rHAp03JIeKTpOCTaHL1,HH npo-
H3BOAHJIOCb FITJIp0np0eKTOM MHHHCTepCTBa 3JIeKTpOCTaHI1,1IH.
KO BpeMeHH Ha9aJia pa6oT nO npoeKTHpOBaHHIO MOIIjHOII KyH6bI-
LLTeBCKO~i FSC V 9TOH OpraHH3aUHH 6bIJI HHKOHJIeH 60JIbIHOf1 OnbIT
no npOeKTHpoBaHHIO rHApOTeXHH4IeCKHX coopyKeHHII, TaK KaK
3THM KOJIJIeKTHBOM 6bIJIH 3anpoeKT14pOBaHbI BeJIOMOpCKO-BaJITHI3-
CKHN KaiiaJI HMeFIH H. B. CTaJIHHa, KaHaJI HMeHH MOCKBbI, YrJIHTI-
CKHH H EUep6aKOBCKMH rHApoy:3JIbI Ha Bonre, BoJ1ro-JIOHCKOIi Cy-
AOXOAHbIII KaHaJI IiMeiim B. H. J'TeHI4Ha, UHMJIHHCKHH rHApOy3eJl H
pRA Apyriix coopy>KeHHK.
rn,r ponpoeKT BeJI TaK}Ke H Bce H3bICKaTCJIbCKHe HCCJIeAOBaTeJIb-
CKHe pa60TbI no rHApoy3JIy. K HCCJIeAOBaTe.nbCKOH pa60Te no ueJIO-
My pRAy rHApaBJIHLIeCKHX H 9JIeKTpOTeXHH4IeCKHX npo6JIeM 6bIJIH
npHBJIe-IeHbI HHCTHTyTbI MOCKBbI, JIeHHHrpaAa H Epeaana.
HO TpaHCnOPTHOMY OCBOeHHIO BOAOXpaHHJIHLLT, IlepeHOCy CTpOe-
HHII H 06BaJIOBaHHIO rOp0A0B B:poeKTHble H CTpOHTeJIbHble pa60TbI
BeJIH 3aHHTepeCOBaHI-IbTe MHHHCTepCTBa CHJIaMH CBOHX OpraHH3a-
w- i. Beero TaKHX OpraHH3aLlHIi 6bIJIO AO ceMHJJeCRTH. Rim o60CHO-
BaHHR npoeKTa 6bIJIH BbIHOJIHeHbI 60JIbIIIHe reoJlorllgeCKHe, TOnO-
rpacpHqeCKne_ H cHApoJiorHLIeCKHe pa60TbI, a TaK}Ke ueJIbIFI pH,i[ Cne-
UHaJIbHbIX HccTieAOBaHHci, He06x0I[HMbIX AJIR CTPOHTeJIbCTBa TaKO-
r0 MOMHOrO rHApOy3Jla.
B Jla6opaTOpHH FIIJ[ponpoeKTa B ropoj e TymIIHHo 6bIJIH npOBe-
Jjexbl 6oJIbI1IHe rHJrpaBJIHTIecKHe accJIeAoBaHHR: H3yLIaJIHCb B pa3-
JIHLIHbIX MaCLHTa6ax Mo,1 eJIH rH,flpoy3JIa H OTAeJIbHbIX BXOA1ILUHX B
ero COCTaB COOpy}KeHHII - nJIOTHHbI, rHAp09JIeKTpoCTaHuI-IH, IIIJIIO-
Approved For Release 2008/03/13: CIA-RDP83-00418R007000140003-5
 Approved For Release 2008/03/13: CIA-RDP83-00418R007000140003-5
30B H T. H. 3TH HCCJIeAOBaHHH BeJIHCb Ha MoAeji ix Kyf16biiueBCKOII
rHz pO3JIeKTpOCTaHuHH 6oaiee IISiTH -JieT. B Jla6opaTOpxH H Tenepb
H3yTia1OTCH 'BCe H3MeHeHHH B xoAe CTpOHTeJIbCTBa rHAPOy3JIa.
Kyi6bIweBCKas r3C - I11eCTasl CTyneHb BOJI)KCKorO KaCKaAa
Ha Bojire C03AaeTCSI KacxaA rHj[po9JIeKTpocTaHuHI3. 9TOT
KaCKaj( HagHHaeTCH y caMbIX BepXOBbeB BoJIrH H 6yAeT 3aKaHtlH-
BaTbCH HHXKHe-BoJn ccKof I'BC.
B BOJDKCKHII KaCKaA BXOAHT meBaTb 9JIeKTpoCTaHUHi3. I_IATb H3
HHX y}Ke AaIOT TOK - 3T0 I'IBaHbKOBCKaH, YrJIHLICKaH, ll]ep6aKoB-
CKaSI, fOpbKOBCKaH H Kyi6b1IHeBCKaH FDC. CTaJIHHrpaACKaH Ha-
XOj(HTCH B CTaAHH 'CTpOHTeJIb'CTBa, a K CTPOHTeJIbCTBy LIe60KCap-
CKOI3 H CapaTOBCKON FDC 6yAeT npHCTynJIeHO B TeKyiueM HHTHJIe-
T:HH. IIOCJIeAHeH rHApo3JIeKTpOCTaHUHei3 KaCKaaa 6yAeT HH}KHe-
BoJI)KCKaH, HJIH ACTpaxaHCKaH, MC.
B HeAajIeKOM 6yayWeM BC$1 pa3HOCTb ypOBHeI3 BOAbI OT Bepxo-
BbeB BoJIrn Ao KacnHIICKOrO MopH 6yAeT HCIOJIb3OBaHa Aim 9Hep-
reTHEieCK14X ueJleiI.
Ky136bIHIeBCKaf I'SC HBJI5ieTCH iueCTOH CTyneHb1O C03AaBaeMo-
ro BoJI}KCKorO KaCKaAa. 1ITO6bI npeACTaBHTb ee 3HaLleHHe H McCTO
CpeAH apyri4x I'SC KaCKaAa, paCCKa}KeM B 06IUHX LlepTax o peKOH-
CTpyKUHH BowlrH H 0 pa3BHTHH Ha Heli rHj[pOTeXHHLIeCKoro CTpoH-
TeJIbCTBa.
Bowira, HMeIOH1aH pa3BeTBJIeHHbIN 6acceIIH B 1380 TbIC. KB. KM
H AJIHHy 3 690 icAt, c ee HpHTOKaMH LUeKCHOrl, KocTpoMOI3, YH}KeI%I,
OKoK, Cypoa, BeTJIyroli H KaMoi3 CBH3axa c paflOHaMH ueHTpa, ce-
BepO-BOCTOKa, ceBepa, ceBepO-3anajl,a H IOrO-BOCTOKa eBponef cxoI3
?1aCTH CCCP H H3AaBHa HrpaeT OrpOMHYIO pOJIb B }KH3HH Halnei3
POJ{HHbI. OHa no npaBy Ha3bIBaeTCH BeJIHKOI3 PYCCKOii peKOI1. Bac-
ceIIH BoJIrH 6JIH3KO npHMblKaeT K ApyFHM KPyHHbIM peKaM, B qa-
CTHOCTH K gOHy.
TIepBbie rHApOTeXHi4geCKHe pa60Tbl B CTapoi POCCHH npOH3BO-
.gHJIHCb Ha BOJIre. B XVIII BeKe 6bIJla nocTpoeHa BbILHHeBOJIOfKaH
BOAHaa CHCTeMa, COeAHHHBLHax no TBepue H MCTe 6oraTekHiHfI
6acceHH Bourn CHOBOH CTOJIHuei3 - HeTep6yproM. B XIX BeKe Ha
Bepxxef Bojlre 6bIJIo noCTpoeHO KpynHOe AJIH TOrO BpeMeHH BO-
AOXpaHHJIHH(e - TaK Ha3bIBaeMbIII BepXHe-BOMKCKHI3 6eiinIJIOT, B
KOTOPOM 3aAep}KHBaJIOCb B-BeCeHHHI3 nepHOn 360 MJIH. icy6. Ati BO-
AbI. I-IOCpeflCTBOM npOnYCKOB 9TOil BOjjbI yBeJIHIHBaJIHCb rJIy6HHbI
Ha Bouire B Te,4eHHe JieTHero nepHoAa. BJIHHHHe npOnyCKOB CKa3bI-
BaJIOCb Ao Pb16HHCKa. B 9TH }Ke roAbl 6bIJIa coopy>Kel1a MapHHH-
CKaSI BOAHaH CHCTeMa, o6ecnetlHBIHaH CBSI3b 6acceAHa BoJIrH no
peKaM UJeKCHe H BblTerpe c 6acceIIHOM BaJITHI1CKOI'O MOP51 B Te-
YeHHe BcerO HaBHrauHOHHoro nepHo.na.
OAHaKO BCe 3TH COOpy}KeHHSI penlauiH TOJIbKO TpaHCnOpTHble
3aAagH. HCHOJIb3OBaHHe BOJIFH B 3HepreTHLIeCKHX ueuicix 6bIJIO He-
Approved For Release 2008/03/13: CIA-RDP83-00418R007000140003-5
 Approved For Release 2008/03/13: CIA-RDP83-00418R007000140003-5
AOCTyIIHbIM aJI51 OTCTaJIOI1 B npOMbIIUJICHHOM OTHOU1eHHH UapCKOH
PoCCHIi.
B 1937 roay 6bIJi nOCTPOeH KaHaaI MOCKBa - BOJira (HbIHe Ka-
HaJI HMeHH MOCKBbl), COeAHHHBIHHI[ CTOJIHHY HatueII POAHHTl MO-
CKBy C BeJIH4aIdu1eII pyCCK0I3 peKOII Bo.iroc H KapAHHaJIbHO peLIIIIB-
LIIH1I 3aaa'4u BOAOCHa6}KeHHH ropoga H yBeJIHLIeHHH rJIy6HH Mo-
cKBa-peKH.
HBaHbKOBCKOe BOAOXpaHHJ[HLUe, HJIH TaK Ha3bTBaeMOe MOCKOB-
CKOe mope,- nepBoe BOAOXpaiiHJIHUje BOJI)KCKOro 3HepreTHTLeCKOro
KaCKaaa? Iinou aab 3epKaiia ero 327 K8. 1CM H 06'beM OKOJIO
1,2 MJIpA. Ky6. At.
B COCTaB I"IBaHbKOBCKoro rHApoy3JIa BXOART I'IBaHbKOBc caI
I-DC - nepBaft rHApO3JIeKTpOCTaHUHH Ha Bonfire, 6eTOHHaH H 3eM-
J1HHaH HJIOTHHbI H CyAOXOAHbIY[ LUJI103.
Cyaa, ciieAyioLLjie H3 MOCKBbI Ha BOJiry, BbIX0a5IT H3 KaHaiia
HMeHH MOCKBbI B I'IBaHbKOBCKoe BoaoxpaHHJIHLLIe H, BOIIASI B
HBaHbKOBCKHf IUJIIO3, HaT-IHHarOT CBOII nyTb no BoJI}KCKOMy
KaCKa)y.
B 1941 ro,iy 6bIJI0 3aKO11 CHO CTPOHTeJIbCTBO CJIeAyK)Ii[H% AByX
CTyneHel[ BOJI}KCKOro KaCKaAa - YrJIHTICKoro H Iuep6aKOBCKoro
(Pb1613HCKoro) rHApoy3JloB.
Pb161IHCKoe BOAOXpaHHJIHID;e 6.iar0Aap5I CBOHM 60JIbUIHM pa3-
MepaM (njIoma,1[b 3epKaJia -- 4 550 K6. 1CM, HOJIHbIi1 o6-beM -
25,4 MJIpA. Ky6. Al) 3aaep}K1IBaeT BeceHHHII CTOK Bepxnell BOJIrH.
DTa Boia 3aTeM paBHOMepHO c6paCblBaeTCSI Tlepe3 Typ6HHbI lliep-
6aKOBCKOII FDC, o6ecneTllBaE nOBbILUeHHble rnIy6HHbI Ha BCeM HH-
}KeJIe}KaLLIeM y'iaCTKe BOJIrn B Te1eHHe BCeM HaBHrauHH.
YrJIHYCKaH H 11 ep6aKOBCKaH rHapO3JIeKTPOCTaHLIHH o6opyao-
BaHbI KPYLIHbIMH BepTHKaJIbHb]MH nOBOpOTHO-JIOnaCTHbIMH Typ6H-
HaMH c AHaMeTpOM pa60Tiero Kooleca 9 Al H MOIIIHOCTbIO reHepaTO-
POB n0 55 TbIC. K8T Ka}KAbIII.
KOHCTpyKII H 3THX arperaTOB nocJIy}KIIJta OCHOBOII npH pa3pa-
60TKe rHApoarperaTOB AJI51 BCeX HH7KeJIe}Kanu4x BOJT)KCKLiX rHApO-
9.l1eKTPOCTaHLIHIi. Ha YPJIHLICKOII MC yCTaHOBJIeHO ABa, a Ha
LL ep6aKOBCKOII - UJeCTb TaKHX rHAporeHepaTOpOB.
LL ep6aKOBCKHII UIJI103 HMeeT' ABe napaJIJIeJIbHbie KaMepbi (ABe
HHTKII), TBK KaK OFI paCCTIHTaH Ha npOHyCK rpy3onOTOKOB Ha Mo-
CKBy HO KaHajiy HMeHH MOCKBbI H I10 MapHHHCKOIi BOAHO1 CHCTe-
Me - Ha JIeHHLIrpaA H BeJIOMopeK.
IHIOCJie OKOHTIaiiH51 BeJIHKOK OTeT1eC'TBeHHOII BOIIHUI HaTI JIOCb
CTpOHTeJlbCTBO c iejyioii ei (TIeTBepTOII) CTyneHIH BOJI}KCKOPO KaC-
KaAa - FOpbKOBCKOIi I'DC, r10Anop OT KOTOPOII paCnpOCTpaHHeTCR
a0 L[1ep6ai'ona, nepeKpblBa5I 'TpyJHbII[ A.TIA CyAOXOACTBa yTiaCTOK
BoTIrH. 1TJIoLuaAb 3epxaJIa FopbKOBCKOrO BoaoxpaHHJIHma -
1 752 K8. Km, HOJIHbII1 06'beM -- 10,5 MJIpJ1. Ky6. M.
FOpbrOBCKaH rIIApo3JIeKTpoCTaHIIH51 BCTynHJIa B npOMbIIIIJIeH-
HyK) 3KCnJiyaTauH1o B 1955 ro,rly. DTa MC o6opyAyeTCH BOceMblo
rHAporeHepaTopaMH.
Approved For Release 2008/03/13: CIA-RDP83-00418R007000140003-5
 Approved For Release 2008/03/13: CIA-RDP83-00418R007000140003-5
HSITOII cTynexb1O BOJI?KCKOFO Kacxama ?HBJI5TeTC5 4e6oKcap-
CKaSI rHAp03JIeKTpOCTaHLIHSi MOUIHOCTbIO OKOJIO 800 TbIC. KBT.
K CTpOHTeJIbCTBy ee 6yAeT npHCTynJ1eHO B TeKyH1eM nHTHJIeTHH.
B 1950 ro y c0CTOHJIHCb HCTOpHTTeCKHe penIeHHSi napTHH H npa-
BHTeJIbCTBa 0 CTpOHTeJibCTBe BOJIro-,UOHCKOrO CyJ1oXOaHoro KaHa-
JIa HMeHH B. M. J1eHHHa, UHMJIAHCKOH FDC Ha Z[OHy, KaXOBCKOi3
F3C Ha Z[Henpe, KyH6bIII1eBCKOH H CTa.IHHrpaACKOiI rHApo3JieKT-
pOCTaHL1HH Ha Bojire. DTH peiueHH1I 6bIJIii noArOTOBJIeHbI OnbITOM,
HaKOnJIeHHbIM npH CTpOHTeJIbCTBe ueJIOro pSIAa rHApOTeXHHTieCKHX
coopy>KeHHH H nOCJIy]KHBLTIHM OCHOBOH J.IJ15I C03AaHH5I 'Hamel OOBeT-
CKOH rHApOTeXHwIeCKOH HayKH, a TaK}Ke 3HagIHTeJlbHbIM pa3BHTH-
eM K.3TOMy BpeMeHH TSDKeJIOH npoMb1IIIJIeHHOCT14 B CCCP, o6ecne-
r-IHBaioLueH Heo6XOAHMyio 6a3y AJ1I C03AaHHSI TaKHX KpynHblX
coopy:KeHHH.
Bojiro-,U6HCKoi cyAoxoAHbIH KaxaJi HMeHH B. M. JIeHHHa H
UHMJISIHCKHH rHApoy3eJ1 BOHI.TIH B 3KCfJIyaTaUHIO B 1952 roAy. IIo-
CTpOHKOH 3THX COOpy?KeHHH 6biJIH peuieHbI Ba}KHble HapOJ[HOX03SIII-
CTBeHHble saAa'IH: coeJHHeHHe 6acceHHa BoJIrH, BnaaaBiuef B
3aMKHyTOe KacnHHCKoe mope, c 6acceIHOM Z[bHa, a no HeMy C
A30BCKHM H L1epHbIM MOpSIMH, opoLueHHe n o6BOAHeHHe 3aCynIJIH-
BbIX 3eMeJIb Ha IOrO-BOCTOKe eBponeHCKOH uaCTH CCCP - B PO-
CTOBCKOH H CTaJIHHrpaJ1CKOH o6JIacTHX H HCHOJIb3OBaHHe BOAHbIX
pecypcoB JUoiia AJ15I noJiygeHHH 9JIeKTpHLIeCKOH 9HeprHH Ha L1HM-
JISTHCKOH FDC, HMelou1ei yCTaHOBJIeHHyIO MOLLIHOCTb 160 TbIC. K8T.
KaXOBCKaci. rHAp03JIeKTpOCTaHUHSI, o60pyjgBaHHaq iueCTbio
Typ6HHaMH MOI1IHOCTbIO no 52 TbIC. K8T Ka}KAa5I, BCTynHJIa B npo-
MbIIIIJIeHHYIO 9KCnJIyaTaUHIO B 1955 roAy.
LIeTBepTOe H caMoe KpynHOe H3 9THX COOpy}KeHHH - Kyf16bi
H1eBCKa}I rHJ1po3JIeKTpOCTaHUHSI, 5IBJI5iioiuasICS1 iueCTOH CTyneHb!O
BOJI}KCKOrO KaCKaJ1a, BCTyHHJIa B CTpOH JLe 1CTByIOIW5X npeJlnpHHTHH
TaK}Ke B 1955 roAy. IIepBblf arperaT ee AaJi npOMbIHIJIeHHbIH TOK
29 Aexa6psl 1955 roAa, a BTOpOH - 20 .9HBap5i 1956 roAa.
CeAbMOH CTyneHbio Bo.inKcKorO KaCKaAa 6yAeT CapaToBcKaR
FDC, CTpOHTeJIbCTBO KOTOpOH pa3BepTbIBaeTCSI B 3TOM nSITHJIeTHH.
BOCbMOH - CTpO5InLa5ICSI CTaJIHHrpaACKann rHAp03JieKTpOCTaH-
UHSI H, Ha'KOHeT1, AeBSITOH - ACTpaXaHCKaSI MC.
Kyf6bILHeBCKa11 rHApo3JIeKTpOCTaHuH51 no npaBy MO?KeT CtIH-
TBTbCSI 0AHOII H3 KpyHHefHHHX CTpOHHIHXCSI FDC. HO BTDIpa6OTKe
9JIeKTpHL4eCKOH 3HeprHH OHa 6yAeT npeBOCXOAHTb CaMy1O KpynH'Io
rHJ[po3JIeKTpOCTaHU1410 B CILIA - I`p3HA-Ky.rn BB LHTaTe BammHHrTOH.
(Bbipa6OTxa Fp3HA-KyJIIH COCTaBJISIeT OKOJIO 11 MJIpJ1. KBT-tt B rOA).
CyMMapHBSI MOILIHOCTb Kyf16biLueBCKOH H CTaJIHHrpaACKOH
rHJ1po3JIeKTpOCTaHuHH npHMepHO B nOJITOpa pa3a npeBblLHaeT CyM-
MapHy10 np0eKTHy10 MOIIIHOCTb ABYX KpynHeHHIHX rHApo3JIeKTpo-
CTaHL1HH CILIA - Fp3HA-KyJIH Ha peKe KOJIyM6HH H BoyJIAep-,Ram
Ha peKe KOJIopa. o.
TIpH CpaBHeHHH 9THX CTaHUHH HCO6XOAHMO HMe'Tb B BHJ1y cJle-
J[yK)I11He o6CT0SITeJIbCTBa.
2. H. A. MaJIbInIeB. 9
Approved For Release 2008/03/13: CIA-RDP83-00418R007000140003-5
 Approved For Release 2008/03/13: CIA-RDP83-00418R007000140003-5
cif
Approved For Release 2008/03/13: CIA-RDP83-00418R007000140003-5
 Approved For Release 2008/03/13: CIA-RDP83-00418R007000140003-5
06e ruJjpO9JIeKTpOCTaHuHH CILIA fOCTpOeHbI Ha rOpHbIX peKax,
B TIpe3BbITIaIIHo 6JIarOnpFHTHbIX npHpO,L HbIX yCJIOBHHX.' Ha 3THX
rHApO9JIeKTpOCTaHuI-IAX MOLUHOCTb C03JjaeTCR He 3a CTIeT 60JIbUJO-
ro pacxojja BOJjbI,. a 3a CTIeT BbICOKHX HanOpOB, KOTOpble HO npH-
pOJjHbIM 'yCJIOBHSIM B03MO}KHO 6bI.IIO JjOBeCTH Ha Fp3HJj-KyJLH .no
92 M, a Ha BoyJTJjep-)Jam go 160 .l.
CTpOHTeJIbCTBO TaKOII MO1I HOII rHJI,po3JIeKTpoCTaHuHH, KaK
Kyf6bIHIeBCKaI, Ha paBHHHHOI3. H MHOPOBOJ[HOII peKe, C HanOpOM
BOJJbI B HeCKOJIbKO pa3 McHbIHHM, TIeM Ha FOpHbIX peKaX KOJIyM6HB
H Koniopa, o, npeL CTaBJISIeT 3HaTIHTeJIbHO 6anee CJIO}KHYIO TeXHH-
liecKylO.3aJjaT4y. BCJIeJjcTBHe 60JIbIIIOl3 MHOrOBO4HOCTH BoJICH 3JZecb
Tpe6yeTCH CO3JjaHHe ,gJIHHHOI'I BOJjOCJIHBHOI3. HJIOTHHbI, npHCn0006-
JIeHHOI3 JjJIB c6poca BbICOK'HX naBOJ[KOBbIX BOIL. CpaBHH.TeJIbHO He-
BbICOKHII HalIop npn 60JIbIHOM pacxoj e BOJjbI BbI3bIBaeT Heo6xoRI4-
MOCTb yCTaHOBKH CHJIOBbIX arperaTOB 60JIbHJHX pa3MepOB IT, COOT-
BeTCTBeHHO, 60JIbIiIOEI 06-beM 3JjaHHB rHJjpO9JIeKTpOCTa'HUHH.
H,a3BaHHble BbIIHe aMepHKaHCKHe rHAp03JLeKTp0CTaHLjHH CTpOH-
JIHCb Ha CKaJIbHOM OCHOBaHHH, HO3BOJI5IBIIIeM He OnaCaTbCSI pa3Mbl-
BOB J[Ha B CTpOHTeJIbHbIII.nepHOJj.H, iJIaBHOe, CTjOHTb nJIOTHHbI He
H3 }KeJIe3o6eTOHa, KaK 9TO Heo6XOJjHMo Ha KyH6bILHeBCKOI3 riwpo-
3JIeKTpOCTaHuHH, a m3 6eTOHa. )IJIH .TOPO iITO6bI npeJ(CTaBHTb ce6e
3HaTIHTeJIbHble MaCHITa6bI pa6oT, KOTOpble 6bIJI0 Heo6XOJI,HM0 BbI-
HOJIHHTb Ha CTPOHTeJIbCTBe KyI6bIHIeBCKOIi rHJjp03JIeKTpOCTaHILHH,
JjoCTaTOTIHO CKa3aTb, TITO o6'beM CKaJIbHO-3eMJIBHbIX pa6OT Ha Heir
6ojiee TIeM B 12.pa3 npeBbILHaeT COOTBeTCTByIOLIHI3.06'beM Ha CTpOH-
TeJIbCTBe rHJjpo3JleKTpOCTanuIILI Fp3HJj-KyJIH. HecMOTpH Ha 9TO,
KyK6bIIUeBCKaH rHJjpo9JleKTpOCTax[H5I 6y.L eT HOCTpoexa Ha IIOJIHyIO
MOLUHOCTb 3a 6 JIeT, BKJIIOTIaH H IIOJjrOTOBHTeJIbHbII3 nepHO,LI H Bpe-
MH, Heo6xo FIMoe Ha MOHTa)K 060pygOBaHHSI.
110 Hanopy, MOIIJJ OCTH, BbIpa6OTKe 3JIeKTPO3HeprHH, HO pa3Me-
paM BoJjoxpaHHJIHLua KyK6bllueBCKaB FDC 6yJjeT BbIJjeJIHTbCH cpe-
JjH BCeX rHapO3JIeKTPOCTaHUHI3 BOJI)KCKOrO KaCKa, a.
O6-beM noj[JIe}KaIwHX BbIHOJIHeHHIO pa60T Ha KyH6bILHeBCKOI3
rHJjpO3JICKTP0CTaHUHH 3Ha1IHTeJIbHO 60JIbi ie, TIeM Ha JjpyFHX BOJI)K-
CKHX CTaHWHSIX. 3TO 06-bICHBeTCH He TOJIbKO 6OJIbIIIHM HaIIOpOM
BOJJbI H 6OJIbHIOII MOLLHOCTbK) rHJpo3JIeKTpOCTaHUHLI, HO H 6oaiee
TII)KeJIbIMH reOJIOrHTICCKIIMH H rHJLpOJIOrHTIeCKHMH yCJIOBH51MH
CTpOHTeJIbCTBa. ZI,JIB npIIMepa yKa}KeM, TITO MaKCHMaJIbHoe KOJIH-
TICCTBO HpOTeKaIOHjeII BO BpeMSI naBOAKOB BOJjbI B CTBOpe KyIT6bI
LneBCKOII rHJjpo3JIeKTpoCTaHuHH, npaKTHTieCKH TaKOe )Ke KBK H B
CTBope CTa.IHHrpaJicKOII, XdTB lOCJIeJ[HHH pacnOJlaraeTCH Ha
1 TbIC. 1CM HH)Ke HO TeTIeHHIO. DTO 06'bHCH5IeTCB TeM, 'ITO BCe Kpyn-
Hble npHTOKLI BOJIrH BnaJjaIOT B Hee BbIIIIe KyH6bILHeBCKOIi rIJIO-
THHbI, B pe3yJlbTaTe LierO B CTBOpe KyH6bIIHeBCKOIi 1FDC npOXOJjrT
95% Bcero BOJI}KCKOrO CTOKa. .
CpeJjHHII pacxo,1 Po.nrH B cTBope KyI iLueacxol, T3C co-
CTaBJISIeT 7 680 X123/CeK, ' HTO COOTBeTCTByeT TOJIOBOMy CTOKY
242 MJIp,r. Ky6. .41. Y CTaJIHHrpaJja pacxog J,ocTHraeT CBoero HaH-
11
Approved For Release 2008/03/13: CIA-RDP83-00418R007000140003-5
 Approved For Release 2008/03/13: CIA-RDP83-00418R007000140003-5
6oJIbnlero 3HageHH 1 - 8 130 M3/ceK, a CTOK - 256 MJipa. Ky6. u
B roa. Hi me CTaimirpaaa, rue BoJIra He HMeeT HHKaKHX npHTO-
KOB, CTOK ee 6oJIblle He yBeJIH'IHBaeTCH; Hao6opoT, Ha yIIaCTKe OT
CTaJInHrpalza TO yCTbM pexa Tep5ieT uaCTb BOabI Ha HcnapeHHe.
BbICOKHe n14KH naBOaKOB B CTBOpe Kyn6bIIIIeBCKOH rnupo3JleKTpo-
CTaHIIHn 3aTpyJHRJIH CTpOHTeJIbCTBO, Tpe60BaJIH cO3aaHHR BbICO-
KHX nepeMbl'-IeK RJI5I orpax,Hb[e yCJIOBHA paiona CTpOHTeJIbCTBa
B pacoHe CTpOHTeJIbCTBa KyI6bILUeBCKOI3 FDC Ha HpaBOM 6e-
pery BOJirn HaxOJjaTCR YKHry.,TeBCKHe rOphl, BO3BbILUaloiuHeCH HaA
ypOBHeM pen jo 300 .M. KpyTble CKJIOHbI FOP HOJjHHMa1OTCH HOTITrt
OT caMOM BOJjbI H HaBepXy 06pa3ylOT XOJIMHC oe rJlaTO, n3pe3aH-
HOe OBparaMH. CO CTOPOHbI BO.nra CKJIOHbI rap paca ieHeHbI rJIy6o-
Approved For Release 2008/03/13: CIA-RDP83-00418R007000140003-5
 Approved For Release 2008/03/13: CIA-RDP83-00418R007000140003-5
LCHMI3 oBparaMH, npocTHpaIOMHMHCH BrJIy6b MaCCHBa Ha HecxoJlbKO
KHJIOMeTpoB.
)KHryJIeBCKHe rOpbI, CJIO}KeHHble H3 H3BeCTHHKOB H AOJIOMHTOB,
NMeIOT 60JIbnIoe KOJIHqeCTBO TpeLuHH, 3afOJIHeHHbIX II,OJIOMHTOBOH
MyKOI3, nOJIOCTeII H Apyl'HX npH3HaKOB pa3pyIIIeHHSI. B KatIeCTBe
OCHOBaHHH rHApOTeXHHgeCKoro COOPy}KeHHSI 9TH H3BeCTHHKH H AO-
.JIOMHTbI MOrJIH 6bITb HCHOJIb3OBaHbI JIHHIb noc ie npeABapHTeJIbHOII
IjeMeHTaUHH, TaK KaK HPHTOK BOAbI no TpeLUHHaM He r103BOJIHJI 6bI
OTKa'IaTb ee H3 KOTJIOBaHOB.
,qHO BOJirH, HMeIOIueH B paI3oHe CTPOHTeJIbCTBa rHAPo3JIeKTPO-
CTaHUMH UJHPHHY OKO.HO I /CM, CJIO}KeHO neCKaMH c rpasxeJIHCTO-
we6eHOtIHbIMH npOCJIOIiKaMH. floA HeCKaMH JIe}KaT rJIHHbI TpeTHLIHO-
I'O nepHoAa. nollMa BOJirH, HMeIOIIjaH IIIHPHHY B paccMaTpHBae-
MOM paclOHe OT 4 Ao 12 Km, CJIO}KeHa TaK. Ke, KaK H B pycJte,-
neCKaMH, nOACTHJIaeMbIMH rJIHHaMH H CKaJIbHbIMH nopogaMH. IIoII-
Ma npope3a'Ha npOTOKaMH, Ha3bIBaeMbIMH .
JIeBbIII 6eper AOJIHHbI BOJIrH CJIO}KeH neCKaMH H rJIHHaMH. OH
B03BblinaeTCH HaA I1OIIMOI3 Ha 60-80 M. IIOJioca 6epera, HenocpeA-
CTBeHHO OKaIIMJIH1OLZerO BOJDKCKyIO ROJIHHy, HMeeT BCXOJIMJIeHHbIII
peJtbelp AIOHHOI'O npoHCXOOKAeHHH. B MecTax, rAe 3Ta noJioca He
HOKPbITa JiecoM, neCKH IOCTORHHO nepeABHraIOTC51 HOA AeHCTBHeM.
BeTpOB.
FHApo.norHqecKHe y.CJIOBIIH B padlone CTPOHTeJIbCTBa KyH6bI-
uIeBCKOd rHApO3JIeKTpOCTaHUHH H3yT1eHbI XOPOHIO. I'IMeIOTCH Ha-
6JIIoAeHHSI 3a KOJle6aHHeM ypOBHH BOAbI 3a 68 JIeT. MHorOKpaTHO
H3MepeHO KOJIHileCTBO npOTeKaIOuiedI BOAbI. TaKHM nyTeM HaAe}KHO
ycTaHOBJIeHa 3aBHCHMOCTb Me>KAy ypOBHCM H KOJIHTIeCTBOM npOTe-
KalojueH BOAbI. DTH AaHHble 6bIJIII Heo6XOAHMbI AJifl pactleTa CO-
opyx{eHHH rHApo3JIeKTpOCTaHIjHH.
I43ytieHbl TaK}Ke JIeAOBble YCJIOBHH B palloHe CTpOHTeJIbC`rBa:
CPOKH JIeAOCTaBa H BCKPbITHSI peKH, BpeMH HOSIBJIeHHSI nJlaBa1o1IJe-
r0 JIbAa nepeA JIeAOCTaBOM, TOJH.UHHa JIbaa, KpenOCTb ero H Apy-
rHe AaHHble, HeO6XOAHMble npH npOeKTHPOBaHHH r$ApO'3JIeKTpO-
CTaHIjHH. '
OnHpaclCb Ha BTH RaHHble, KOJIJIeKTHB npOeKTHpOBIIZHKOB pa3-
pa60TaJI THnbI FHAPOTeXHHLIeCKHX coopy}KeHHd, yCTaHOBHJI pa3Me-
PbI BOAOHPOnyCKHbIX coopy}KeHHII, Bb16paJI KOHCTPYKIIHH 3aTBOPOB
nJIOTHHbI H IjeJIbIII p51 ApyrHX 3JieMeHTOB 3TOro CJIO}KHOTO
KOMHJIeKCa.
CoopyweHxsl rHApoy3Jla
B COCTaB KyI6bIHIeBCxoro rHApoy3Jla BxoAHT: FJIOTHHa,.3AaHHe
rHAPO3JICKTPOCTaHHHH C rIOBbIIIIaIOIIIHMH nOACTaHIjHSIMH, KaHaJIbI,
nOABOASIIIIHe BOAy H3 BOAOxpaHHJIHU1a H OTBOAsTIuHe ee B pycJIO
BOJIrH, CyaOXOAHble coopy}KeHHSI, COCTOSIHLHe H3 AByx naPHbIX
IIJI1030B, aBaHIIOpTbI, HOA'BOASIIIjHe H Me}KIIIJII03Hble KaHaJIbI H Apy-
rHe yCTpOdCTBa \
Approved For Release 2008/03/13: CIA-RDP83-00418R007000140003-5
 Approved For Release 2008/03/13: CIA-RDP83-00418R007000140003-5
3AaHne rnApo3JIeKTpocTaHUHH pacnoJlaraeTCH y npasoro 6e-
pera peKH, Bpe3aHHCb B Hero Ha rIOJIOBHHY CBoecl AJIHHbI. CTpOH-
TeJIbHbIH o6,beM 3AaHHn COCTBBJIHeT OKOJIO 8 MJIH. Ky.6. At, TO eCTb
60JIbIIIe, tieM o6-beM BceX HOBbIX 3AaHHri yHHBepCHTeTa B MOCKBe.
B 3AaHHII 9JIeKTpOCTaHUHH MOHTHPYIOTC1 Typ6HHbI, reHepaTOpbl,
rIOBbIIIIaIOIUHe TpaHCE~OpMaTOpbI H npotiee rHApOCHJIOBOe H 9JIeKT-
POTeXHHtIeCKOe 06opyAOBaHHe. KpOMe 3TOro npHMOrO Ha3HatreHHn,
3AaHHe HCIIOJIb3yeTCn Aii i yCTpOrrCTBa B HeM BOAOC6pOCHbIX oTBep-
CTHl3, CJIY}KaWWHX Aim nponyCKa tiaCTH naBOAKOBbIX BOA. YCTPoI3CT-
Bo 3THX OTBepCTHII r103BOJIHJIO COKpaTHTb AJIHHY }KeJIe3o6eTOHHOri
BOAOCJIHBHOI3 IIJIOTHHbI Ha 500 M H 3Ha4HTeJlbHO 06JIer'JHTb ee
npoc JHJIb.
IlpOnyCK tlaCTH naBOAKOBbIX BOA tlepe3 3AaHHe rHApo3JIeKTpO-
CTaHUHH OCyHjeCTBJISIeTCH TaKHM o6pa3OM, tITO HO3BOJIneT B nepH-
oA HaBOAKa nOJlytlaTb OT Typ6HH HeCKOJIbKO 66JIbIIIyIo MOHZHOCTb
I-I riOBbIIIICHH'IO Bblpa6oTKy 3JIeKTpO3HeprHH.
JIe.io B TOM, 'ITO npH npoxoAe naBOA'KOBbIX ~BOJL ypoBeHb BOAbI
B peKe HIDKe HJIOTHHbI CHJIbHO nOBbIInaeTCSI, a TaK KaK B BOAO-
XpaaHHJIHIUe !B 3TOT nepHOA BOAa noAAepHBaeTCn Ha Ho'pMaJlb-
HOM ypoB'He, TO ;Hanop, AeiCTByIOIIZHrI Ha Typ6HHbI, pe3KO naaaeT
H Typ6HIHbI He MoryT pa3BH'BaTb CBoeri HOJIHOri 'MOHjHOCTH. I-IOJIy-
tlaeTcn napaAoxcaJinnoe HOJio}ReHHe: B nepHOA, KOraa 'B peKe TaK
MHOrO BOJ[bl, 'TO 'rpoMalHoe IKOJIH'eCTBO ee npHxOAHTCH c6pacbi-
BaTb tlepe3 HJIOTH!Hy, MHIHY5 Typ6aHbI,- MOIILHOCTb rHApo9JleKTpo-
CTaHUIIIH c'H-H}KaeTCSI. IIpH 9T0'M B OtleHb BbICOKHe (peAIKO HOBTO-
pnlolljHeCn) naBOAKH MOIILHOCTb M,O}KeT yMeHbUIaTbCn nO'ITH
B ABa pa3a, a tlepe3 fJIOTHHy :C6pacblBaeTC51 Taxoe KOJIHtIeCTBO BO-
Abl, KOTOpOe Cn0006H0 6bIJIO 6bI Pa3BHTb MOIIjHOCTb B MJIH. KBT.
YCTaHaBJIHBaTb Ha KOPOTKOe BPeMII , naBOAKa gOIIOJIHHTeJIbHble
Typ6HHbI HeBbIFOAHO, TaK KaK 0HH He OKYIIW'T Ce6n, n03TOMY pa3pa-
60TaH cnoco6 nOBbimeHHH MOUJHOCTH Typ614H nyTeM OTroHa BOAb1
y BbIXOAa Typ6HHHbIX Tpy6 MOIUHOri CTPYeFI H3 BOAOC6POCHbIX OT-
BepCTHrI.
rlpH I OMOiILH OTrOHa BOJ[bI nojiygaeTC51 HCKyCCTBeH,HOe nOHH-
xKeHHe YPOBHI BOAbI B HWKHeM 6be(Je, 'TO H C03AaeT yBeJIHtieHHe
nOJIe3HOrO Hanopa, J(eriCTBy10HjeP0 Ha Typ6li'HbI.
DTO HOBOBBeAeHHe r103BOJI31T yBeJIH'HTb MOIIjHOCTb Typ6HII
KyI36bIHIeBCKOrl ['DC BO BPeM1 BbICOKHX 'HaBOAKOB IIPHMePHO Ha
200-300 TbIC. KBT.
B 3Aa'HHIH mapO3JIeKTpOCTaIHUHH YCTaHaIB,TIHBaeTCn 20 Typ6o-
reHepaTOpOB MOIII,HOCTb1O no 105 TbIC. KBT Ka KabIIi c Ha116oJiee
COBepnIelHHbIMH nOBOpOTIHO-JIOrlaC'PHbIMH Typ6HHaMH, 'nO3BOJInK)-
LIjIIMH AOCTHrHYTb BbICOKHX KO31J JHUHeHTOB noJIe3HOr0 AefiCTBHI
npH Bcex peXc,HMax pa6OTbl arperaTOB. Pa6otiee xonleco Typ6HHbr
I-MeeT AHaMeTp 9,3 At, To eCTb 6oJlbwe, teem y CaMbIX K'pynHblX AO
3TOr0 Typ6HH YrJI'H'CKOrI H 11[ep6aKOB'CKOH I'DC. givaMeTp Baiia
Typ6HHbI - 1,5 M.
Typ6HHbI 143rOTOBJIe'HbI Ha TIeIHHHPPaACKOM McTaJIJiH'IeCKoM
16
Approved For Release 2008/03/13: CIA-RDP83-00418R007000140003-5
 Approved For Release 2008/03/13: CIA-RDP83-00418R007000140003-5
3aBOAe HIMeI-LH CTaJIHHa, reHepaTOpbI - IHa 3a'BOAe K3JIeKTpocHJia>
HMCHH KHpOBa. CyMMaplHax MOLIIHOCTb Bcex reHepaTOpOB 2 MJIH.-
100 TbI'C. KBT.
LITo6bI AaTb 60Jiee nOJLHoe npeA'CTaBJIeH,He 0 Typ6oreHepaTOpe
KyH6bILUeBCKoI F3C, yKa}KeM, tITO +1IHa'MeTp pOTopa rexepaTopa.
HMeeT OKOJIO 15 m; Be'C BTyJIKI1I pa6otiero IKOJIeca AoCTl raeT 400 T
Bec poTopa 'reHepaTopa - 750 T.
Ha 'rHApo3JIeKTpOCTaHIIIHH yCTaIHOBJIeHbI TpaHC(pOpMaTOpbI 'aim
fOBbIIHeHHH HanpH}KeHHH AO 110, 220 H 400 TbIC. BOJIbT. OTMeTHM,.
tiTO nepeaaua 60JIb1IHX KOJIHtIeCTB 3JIeKTpo3HeprHH OT KyH6bImeB-
CKOH rHAp03JIeKTpOCTaHLJ.HH AO MOCKBbI calla no ce6e npeAcTaB-
JIHeT CJIO}KHern1ylo TeXHHtIeCKyIO 3aAatly. Ujisi ee nepeAa,4H no
Tpe6cBaJIOCb npHMeHeHHe Hanp$I'}KeHHH B 400 TbIC. BOJIbT.
HJIOTHIHa COOCTOHT 133 ABYX uaCTeI: 3e'MJIHHOI3, nep'eKpbI'BaIomeH
pycJio BOJIrH H 6oJlbnlyIO IlaCTb nOHMbi, -H xKeJIe3o6eTOHIH'oI3 -
BOAoCJIH'BHOH. BbICOTa 3eMJIHHOH nJIOTHIHbi 6o.nee 40 M 33 HIHpHHa
no O'CHOBaHHIO AO 500 M. UJiHHa }KeJIe3o6eTOHHOI-I BOIAOCJIHB'HOH
IIJIOTHHbI CBbILue ?KHJIOMeTpa H BbICOTa' Ao 35 m. Ha rpe61He HMeloT-
CSi ?MeTaJiJr 'i'eOKHe 3aTBOpbI, npH noxbefMe KOTOpbIX npOHCXOAHT
IIepeJIHB BOAbI tlepe3 B-OAOCJIHB rIJIOTHIHbI.
Kax{AbIH npoJieT Kyf16bIiiieBCKOH nJIOTHHbI HMeeT UIHPH'Hy 20 m;
o6H['ee -KOJIHtieCTBO npOJieTO'B - 38.
PacXOAbI BeCeHHHX ria.BOAIKOB iB MaJIOBOAHble 'H 6JIH3KHe
K CpeAIHKM roAbI 6yAyT npOXOAIITb tlepe'3 CTBOp Kyi'6bI'iueBCKOr(>
rHApOy3JIa tiepe3 Typ6HHbI, nponyCKalOLL[He B CyMMe OKOJIO 13 TbIC.
iCy6. At BOAbI B cexyHAY, H tlepe3 Bozoc6pOCHbie OTBepCTHH 1'3C.
CyMMapHaR npOnyC'KHaH CnOCO6HOCTb Typ6HH H BOAoc6poCHbIX OT-
Bep'CTHH yCTaHOBJIeHa C y4eTOM nponyCKa MaKCHMaJIbHbIX pacxoAOB'
CPeAHHX HO BOAHOCTH BeCeHHHX naBOAKOB, AOCTHraIOLJHX 30 TbIC.
Ky6. At BOAbI B cexyHAy. IIp'H 6oJiee 3Ha?I14TeJlbxbix BeCeHHHX na-
BOA'KaX BKJIIO' aIOTCSI iB pa60Ty OTBepCTHSI 6eTOHIHOH HJIOTH'HbI.
CyMMaplHasl nponycKHasl cnoCa61HOCTb Beex OTB,epCTHH B'OAOnpO-
nyOKHOro (4IpOHTa npH HOpiMaJIbHOM nO.nO'pIHOM yp'o'BHe BOAbP
B BOAoxpaHHJIHLue paCCTIHTaHa 'Ha npony'CK MaiKCHIMaJIb'HbIX pacxo-
AOIB BeCeHHHX 'naBOAKOB n01BTOpHeMocTbjo pa3 B TbICSr'Iy JIeT. YtIH-
TbPBaSl KarIHTaJIBHOCTb 3TOI'O rpaHAIHO31H0!PO cOopy}KeHHH, npo
nyCIKHa5I cnO'CO6HO'CTb OTBep'CTHH npOIBepeHa Ha ripOnyOK MaKcl --
MaJIbHbIX paexoAoB eiue 6ojiee BbICOKOPO riaBoAiKa c nOBTO;p Ie-
MOCTbIO OAH'H pa3 B 10 TbIC. JIeT, HO 'npH 9TOM npeayCMOTpeHa'
BpeMeHHaSI (popcHpoBKa ypOBHSI BOAbI B BepXHeM 6beq)e KyH--
6bIHIeBCKOH fJIOTHHbI Ha BbICOTy AO 2 At HaA HOpMaJIb'HbIM'
ypOBHeM. -
)JBe napa.IJI2JIbbHbie HHTKH ?CyAOXOAHbIX coopy?Ke'HHH KyH6bI
LueBCKOrO rHApOy3JIa pa'enoJIaraIOTCH Ha JIeBo6epe?KHoH norMe-
,L1in npeoAOJieHHS1 pa3HOCTHI ypOBHeH B BOAoxpaHHJIHLue H 3a nJtO-
THiHOII IIJIIO3bI pacnoJla'raIOTCSI B A'Be CTyneHH, C pa'3'be3AIHbIM'
6be(poM Me}KAY HHMH aJIHHOfl OKOJIO 4 Km.
Approved For Release 2008/03/13: CIA-RDP83-00418R007000140003-5
 Approved For Release 2008/03/13: CIA-RDP83-00418R007000140003-5
Ha Kyi 6bIUleBCKHx HIJII03a): BBHJjy Hx 60JIbJJIHX pa3MOPOB npH-
-HSITa paCnpejjeJaH'HaH cMTeMa HaHOJIHeHHH, HpH IKOTOpOO Boz a no-
,CTynaeT B I1J1103 iepe3 cneuHaJib]-Ible BOJjOB0ubl, paBIHOMe'pHO pac-
noJio}KelHUble Ho BceH fJioluajH KaMepbl. IIpH 3TOM o6ecnenHBa-
IOTC51 JIy'IIHHIe yCJIOBIIH OTCTOB Cyu0B B LIIJI103e BO B'peMB HanoJI-
'HeHHSi H OHOpo)KHeHHH KaMepbl.
Bepxi-me peMOI-ITHble BOPOTB LLIJI1030B BbInoJIHexbI B BHue OTxaT-
HOro 3aTBopa. Bee OCTaJTbnbre BopoTa - BepxHHe pa6oinie, HH}KHHe
pa6oooae II HH}KHHe peMOHTHble - usycTBopLiaTbie.
YnpaBJleHHe CYAOXOuHbIMH HIJII03aMH nOJIHOCTbIO aBTOMaTH3H-
pyeTCB. YCTaHOBJIeHHbie Ha HHX: CHeuHaJlblHble npH'3aJlbHble yCTpOH-
CTBa - pbIMbI, o'oecneolaT xopoiuylo y'raJIKy H 0TCT0H CyRoB H no-
3BOJIMT 06XO,HTbCH 6e3 cneullaJlbnor0 06CJIy}KHBaIOnjero nepco-
'HaJIa.
BCJIeqCTBHe pacnpe,AeJIeHHOK cHcTeMbI HHTHHHH LLJI103a Cyjj:HO
B iKaMepe IHaXO,:~HTCB B COOKONHOM COCTOHIHHH, ~HecMOTpHI Ha TO, 'ITO
KOJIHzIeCTBO BO, bI, riocTynaiolueii B KaMepy 3a 1 cexyHjty, JjocTHraeT
600 Ky6. M. Ha HanOJIHeHHe xaMepbl 9TOr0 OrpOMHOFO LHJI103a C
06'beMOM CJIHBHOII npH3MbI OKOJIO 150 TbIC. Ky.6. At 3aTPaLIIIBaeTC5I
.Bcero 8 MnliyT. B BepxHeM 6beVpe BepXHHX IBJI1030B pacnoJiara}OT-
C51 aBaHHOpT H riepeci opMnpOBOgHbIH nyHKT I JISI rpy3oB, Hepe,Aa-
BaeMbix c BOJLbl IHa NKeJie3'HYIO ROpOry.
- B IKOMnJlexc COOpyxceHHH KyH6bIHIeBCKOH MC BXOJ!HT JIHHH51
3JIeKTponepejjaU Hanip5i}KeHHIeM 400 INC. BOJIbT H npoTSl}KeH-
.HOCTbIO 10 1 000 1CM - OT Ky136bIUJeBa ,o MocK'BbI. BJIHBaSICb B
MOCKOBCKOe 9Heprei-HLIeCKoe KOJIbUO Llepe3 RBe IIOJJCTaHILHH, 9Hep-
rHH KyH6bIn1eBCKOcI FDC TpaHCCjOpMHpyeTCSI )TO HanpIDKeHHFI
220 H 110 TbIC. BOJIbT H 3aTeM nOCTynaeT Ha nOJjCTaHUHH K npe.A-
HpHSITHSIM. -
DTa JIHHHST nepeuagH BMecTe c JIHIHHe! 3J1eKTpDnepejjaLl11 CTa-
Jlnxrpa,ACKOH I'SC Ta&Koro }Ke Hanp51}KeHHT, a TaKoKe CynjecTByIO-
njHMH 9HePFOCHICTei :aMH o6pa3yeT, 2CaK y}Ke r0'BOpHJIOCb, rpaH, VI-
o3HOe 3HepreTHLIecKOe o6-bejl,HIHeHHe Bcef ueHTpaJ1bHOH H IO}K'HOH
T-IaCTH eBponeI3cK0i-I Tep:pHTO.pNIH C0I03a - ejHHYIO BbICOKOBOJIbT-
Hyro CeTb eBpoinei c1CoH LIaCTH CCCP - EBC. YnpaBJleHHe Bee:MH
TeruimbI!MH H i-HHpo9JIeKTPHLIe--IKHMH CTa1-IuVSIMH 6yj1,eT HpOH3BO-
JHTbCSI UeHTpaJIID30BaHHo, n'DH'TeM uJISI PeryJIHPOBaHH51 CJIO}KHOI'I
-pa60TbI TeIJIOBbTX HI rfApaBJIHLIeCKHX CTaIHUHii HH CHCTeM LIIHpO'KO
H0nOJIb3y!OTC51 nocJIeJHHe JjOCTH}KeHH51 aBTOMaTHKH H TeJIeMe-
xaHH,KH.
OprariH3aIwa EBC r103BOJIHT HaH60JIee PaU13OHaJIbHO HCHO.IIb-
3OBaTb BOJIHble pecypcbI Ha1IIHX peK, TaK KBK HOBbIH1eHHaIT BbIpa-
6oTKa 3JIeKTpo3IHeprHH rHJjpo3JIeIKTpoCTalHUHI5IMH BO BpeMSI naBOjj-
KOB 6yueT paBHoMepIHO pacnpeueH5ITbCI no BceH 9HepreTHtiecKOH
CHIcTeMe. CHHxceHHe Bblpa6oTKII. 9JIeKTpo9HeprHH oTJjeJIbHIIMH rHu-
po3JIeKTpOCTaHUII9MH B MaJIOBojjHble nepHOjjbl 6yueT ne'pexpbl-
BaTbc51 JjpyrH!MH 13C, pacn0JI0}KeHIIbIMH B HHbIX reOrpacpHOeC,KHX
palrOHax, a TaiK}Ke TeHJIOBbIMH 9JIeIcrpoCTaHUHITMH.
Approved For Release 2008/03/13: CIA-RDP83-00418R007000140003-5
 Approved For Release 2008/03/13: CIA-RDP83-00418R007000140003-5
Ha o0H0ae AeHIeBOf 'rM.Apa,BJIHIIeCIKOi3 aHepr13'H KyMbI ueBcKOit
1'DC rlpeAycMOTpeIHO AaJIb'Hefiuee pa3BHTH6 IIpoMbIIHJIeIHOCTH,
3JIeKTpMc!M KauHx CeJIb'CKOPO XO35IIPCTBa Ig TpaHCnopTa. By,aeT 3a-
KoHT-Iexa TaK}Ke nOJIHa5i 3JIeKTPIH1HIKaJHSI BCePO CJIO}KlHOro rpy30-
Hanp5iMKeH'HOrO MO,CKOBC'KOrO }KeJIe3HOAOpo?KHOro y3JIa. Pa3pa6a-
TbIBaeTCH TaKMKe Boripoc o tiaCTHtIHOM nepeBo, e BOAIHOrO TpaH-
cnopTa Ha 3JIeKTpOTHry, AJIH 1I6r0 H3 IKaHaJIe HMeHH MOCKBbI HAyT
pa60TbI no coopyMKeHHIo OnbITHO'rO ytiaCTKa.
Kyi76biweBCKoe BOAoxpaHHJiHlue
CoopyMKeHHSI Kyfb6bIIIIeBcKOro rH,i[pOy3JIa fOaPHHMYT ypoBe!Hb.
BOMA Ha BbICOTy OK'OJio 28 M. B pe3yJlbTaTe 3TOro o6pa3yeTcsi
orpOMHoe BOAoxpaHHJIHuJe c fJIOI.uaAbiO 3epKajia OKOJIO 6 500 Ke. K.4i
H cyMMapHbIM 06'beMOM 58 MJIp,O. K1y6. M. B CB513H C 6OJIb1IHM
06-beMOM BOAOXpaHHJIHIua, a ace YCJIOBHSiMH CTpoHTeJIb-
CTBa HanoJIHeHHe ero 6yReT npO143BOAHTbC51 'B TPH OtiepeAH: B KOH-
ue 1955 roAa BOAOx'paHHJIHHZe tHanoJIHHJIOCb AO OTMeTKII, o6ecne-
4HBaioiueFI HICK nepabix arpera'OB (3Ta OTMeTKa Ha 17 M HH)Ke
HOpMaJIbHOPO HOAnapHoro ypOBH5I BOAOXpaHHJIHIua), K. HatlaJly
HaBHrauHH 1956 ro, a ypOBenb BOAoxpal-IFIJIHIua nOBbICHJICSi eiue
Ha 9 M, a K 1957 rojy BO,OoxpaH-HJIHIue HanOJIHHTCH AO npoeKTHO-
ro ypoBH5.
KyH6bIIneBCIKoe BO 'oxpa,HHJIHlJ e HBJIIIeTCH iKpynHecliuHM !HGKyc-
CTBe'HHbIM BO, oeMBM MHpa: AJIHHa ero CBbIwe 500 K.4i, IIIHpHHa a
pai3oHe YCTbH KaMbI AOCTHraeT 40 Km. HO 'Boa oxpaHHJIHIuy HHMKe
YCTb5I KaMbI MOryT IIJIaBaTb TOJIb'KO o3eprHbie cyAa. gBIHIMKeHHe
petIHbIX CYAOB.npOH3B0AIIITC5I TOJIHKO Ha ytIaCTKe B'oJIrH BbIaie KaM-
CKOPO yCTb5I. Ho H A J151 03e'pHbIX CyAOB H o'CO5BHHO AJIH IIJIOTOB,
HAyluHX c KaMbI, BO BpeMH CHJIbHbIX IIITOpMOBbIX BCTpOIB Ky13'6bI-
HIeBCKoe BOAoxpa'HIIJIHiJ. e Becbtiia onacH'o, TaK KaK BbICOTa BOJI'H B
HeM ROCTHraeT 3 M. r1OaTOMy AJISI OTCTOH CyAOB BO BpeMA WTOp-
MOBoI3 IIOroJIbI B pa3JIHtIIHbIX McCTax KyH,6bIIIIe'BCKOPO BoAoxpa-
HHJIHU~a. yCTpoeIHbl HOpTbi-y6eHKHIua.
B CB5I3H C 3aT0'noIeHHeM B 3OHe BOAOXpaHHJIHIUja pAaa CTapbIX
1OpTOB H 'CyA0pemouTHbIX inpe,npHIRTHA nOCTpOeHbI HOBbie nOpTbI,
060pyJ oBaHHbie coBpemeHIHbIMH norpy3OtIIHO-pa3rpy3'otl'HbiMH
YCTpo CTBaMH. 1-1OpTbI 'pacCtIHTaHbI Ha pa60Ty B yCJIOBH5IX 3Haga-
TeJIbHbIx KOJIe6aHHii ypOBHSI BOAOX'paIHHJIHnja, AOCTHraiomHX
B HaBHrauHOHHbiii nepHOA 3 .41 H B MaJIOBOAHble rOAbI --- 4 r12. 3H-
MOI3 ypOBeHb BoaoxpaHHJIHHja OnyCKaeTCB Ha 6 X12 HHMKe HOp-
MaJIbHOPO.
;J0 HOCTpOiIIKH Ha ytiaCTKe BorIrH McHKAy Kyfi'6bIIIIeBCKOii H
CTa1IHHrpaucxoil MC ewe ouaoro - CapaToacxoro - nHApoy3Jia,
nOAnop OT iKOTOporo AOCTHnxeT IHH}KHerb 6becpa KyI16br1IeBCKHx
HIJIIO30B, CYAOXOA'Hble rJIy6HHbI Ha ?ytiacTKe BoJIPH OT Kyi16bIHIeB-
CKOi3 F3C AO. BaJlaKoBo 06eCnegHBaJoTC5I lOCpeACTBOM HOCTOSIH-
HbIX C6pOCOB BOAbI tlepe3 KyI6bImeBCKyrO FDC.
Approved For Release 2008/03/13: CIA-RDP83-00418R007000140003-5
 Approved For Release 2008/03/13: CIA-RDP83-00418R007000140003-5
KyI36bllneBCKaI 17DC 6y,geT HMeTb, KaK H RpyrHe rri po9JieK-
TpOCTaHIIHH, nepeMeaHHbIH B Te'IeHHe CYTOK pe)KHM MOIUHOCTH, rIO-
9TOMY pacxOA BORbI TIepe3 Typ6HHbI 6y2ieT TaK)Ke nepeMelH'HbIM.
Pa3Mep MaKCHMaJIbHOrO pacxo.na ~BOjibl qepe3 Ty'p6HHbI 'MO)KeT
npe'BbIIIIaTb B 3-4 pa3a eCTeCTBeHHbie cpeaHHe Me)KeHHbie paCXO-
JibI BORbI B Bojire. Rim yMeHbLneHH 1 IKOJIe6aHHI%I ypOBIHei BORbI B
IHH}K'HeM 6be(pe KyK'6bILneBCKHX LUJI1030B npHHHITO OrpaHHTIeHHIe,
corJlacxo iKOTOPOMY MH'HHMaJIbHbIII, TaIK Ha3bIBaeMbIH 6a30BbIK,
pacxO,a BOJibI qepe3 Typ6HHbI aoJI)KeH 6bITb'He McHee 50% cpeRHe-
ro me) KeHHOrO pacxoJia BoiirH. DTHM ROCTHraeTCHi yMeHbnieiHHe
,KOJIe6aHHA ypOBHeII BORbI B HH)KHeM 6be(pe F3C npH CyTOTIHOM
pery.JIHpOBaHHH AO 1,5 Al, Tor', a Kax, HanpHMep, BeJIHiIHHa xojie6a-
HHcr ypOBHeiII B Ii~ep6aKOBCKOM nopTe 2iocTHraeT 2,0-2,5 At. no
Mepe y2iaJIeHH51 OT FDC 3TH IKOJIe6aHHHI no'CTeneIHO yMexbinaloT-
C1 H 'B pal?LOHe Ky16binleB-KOr0 nopTa oHH npaKTI-P'IeOKH crJla)KH-
BaloTCHI, He rlpesbrllaHi 0,3-0,4 Ai.
Bb16op pacqeTHOro cpemiecyTOTlHOro H 6a3OBOro pacxoaa npo-
nyCKa BOJ1bI B IHH}KIHHN 6be(p Ky1'6blrueBCKOT0 rHApoy3Jia B nepHOa
npoeKTHpoBaIHHSI I'3? npep,CTaBJIHIJI IBecbMa CJIO)KHyl0 3a2iaTly.
1ZeJr0 B TOM, To npH yMeHbrneHHH CpeJixecyTOLPHOrO rFponyCxa
BOJ1bI yBeJIrrTIIIBaeTCHI 3,HepreTHgeCKa5i 9(j4eKTH'BHOCTb HCnOJIb3O-
BaHHI.9 II3C B 3HC'proCHCTeMe, 'HO 3aTO pe31K0 BO3paCTaIOT o6-beMbl
3e'MJle1iepnaTeJlbHbIX pa6OT Ha HH]KeJIe)Kall[eM ytlacTKe BoJIrH, npo-
BO2iHMbIX 4J111 no) ep)KalHHHI rapa'HTHpOBaHHblX Cy,11OX0,iiHblX r.ny-
6HH OT KyH6bIHIeBCiKOIi FEW, io ropoAa BaJIaKOBO, OTKyJ1a y)Ke
IHaTiHeT CKa3bIBaTbC5I BJIHHIHHe HH)KeJIe)Kawero CTarlHrHrpaacKoro
rvI, pOy3Jia. TaKoe noJIO)KeHHe 6yJ1eT Ha6iuo,I aTbCHi ,aO noCTpoIiiKH
CapaTOBCxoil FDC, IKOTopait, o6pa3yii cJiejlyion ylo, cezlb'MyIO eTy-
Herib BoJi)KCKOro Kacxa,rla, o5ecnegHT Tpe6yeMble aim cygoxoICT,Ba
rJiy6HHbi nyTeM o6pa3oBaHwi no2LnepTOro 6be(pa.
Pa3JIHtHble 3HatieHHHI 6a30'BOro pa'cxoJ1a nponycKa B0Jl,bI BJII'lIA:-
IOT Ha pC)KHM ypOBHeiI Ha yiaCTKe peKH HenocpeaCTBeHHO B 30He
CYTOTIHOro peryJIHp0B HHHi I'DC. B pe3yJlbTaTe npOH3BeaeHHbIX
pacqeTOB pa3Mep 'cpeaHecyTOqlrorO rlpo,nyclKa B011bI B HH)KHHH
6be(p KyH6biuieBCKOI! I'3C onpejleniHJICH B pa3Mepe 4 TbIC. M3/ce1C.
9TOT pacxoji, BO'J1bI HpHMepIHO B 1,6 pa3a 60JIbIne ecTeCTBeHHOro
MexKeHHOro pacxo a BOJirH, npHHHMaBLHeroCH B pactieTax no n02i-
J1ep)KaHHIO cyuleCTBOBaBLIII3IX 'paxee cyaoXo2DHbIX rJIy6H,H. BeJilm-
Ha MHHHMaJIbHOPO 6a3OBOro pacxo,aa nponycxa BOJ1bI npHHHMaeTCH
HpHMepHO Ha ypOBH eCTeCTBeHHOPO HH3KOPO Me)Ke[HHOrO pacxojia
BO,libl B peKe.
B pe3yJlbTaTe YBeJIPieHH5I 3a CTreT 'peryJIHpOBaIHHHI CTOKa IKya'I-
6bIHIeBC,KHM BuoxpaHHJIHH1eM rapaHTBpOBaHHbIX pacx011oB B02lbl
B peKe 6yjeT JROCTHrHYTO YBE:JIHTIeHHe CyJ1oXOJIHbIX rJIy6HH B HH)K-
HeM 6be(pe npHMepHO Ha 0,5 Al.
floc ie HOCTpOiilKH BbInleJie}Kan1HX t-Ie6OKCapCKOPo, BOTKHIHCKO-
ro H HH)KHe-KaM'CKOrO BOAOXpaHHJIHLII rapaHTHpoBaHHbIfI pacxo.x
npOnyCKa BO,gbI B' HH>KHHII1 6be(p KyH6bILu BCKO1 I'DC 6y)1eT yBe-
Approved For Release 2008/03/13: CIA-RDP83-00418R007000140003-5
 Approved For Release 2008/03/13: CIA-RDP83-00418R007000140003-5
r'IHLIeH Ao 4 500 Atis/CeK. 9TOT pacxoA 6yAeT o6ecnegHBaTbcH Taxx{e
-H B HH}KHeM 6be(pe CTaJInHrpaACKOII FDC, COOTBeTCTBeHHO rIOBbI
UIaH CyAOXOAHble rJIY6HIHbl 'Ha yuacTKe Bonnru OT CTaJIHH'PpaAa AO'
AcTpaxa'HH.
O6CTaHOBKa CyAOBOro xoAa Ha BOAOXpaHHJIH1IIe oTJIIgaeTCH OT
peLIHOII. B3aMeH peLIHbIX 6aKeHOB YCTaHOBJICHbI CTBOPHble 3HaKH H
MaHKH BbICOTOI3 Ao 60 At. r1oAJIe)KnT nepeCTpoi Ke Bce 6eperOBoe
X03HIiCTBO pelIHOrO (JIOTa: npaCTaHH, 3aTOHbI, peMOHTHbie MaCTep-
,CKHe. OHn 6yAyT CO3,RaHbI Ha HOBbIX McCTaX H OCHaMeHbI nepeAo-
BOI3 TeXHHKOf.
143 30HbI BOAoxpaHHJIHuZa nepeHocwTCH .Ha 1-IOBble MecTa ceiia
IH AepeBHH. ByayT nepeCTpoe'HbI AOporH, MOCTbI H JIHH'HH CBH3H.
HH3'KO paCnoJ10}KeHHble OKpanHHble KBapTaJ1bl ropoia Ka3a'Hn 6y-
,ayT o6BaJIOBaHbI. Ha BaJiax Ha'MeLIeHO ycTpONCTBO HOBOII Ha6e-
p'~e3KQHOlI, KOTOpaH yKpaCHT H 6Jlaroy'CTp'OHT 3TOT ApeBH131i ropoA.
11'oI Ma, OTA'eJiHK)maH B HaCTOHUIee BpeMH Ka3aHb OT Bojirn, yc1AeT
TIOA 'BOay.
3olHa BOAOX'paHHIJIHlua OCB06o)KAaeTCH OT B!cex CTpOeHHfI, Jieca,
d{yCTa'pHHKOB, a Ta;K}Ke HoaBepraeTCH caHHTapHolI OLIHCTKe. Ha
McJIKOBOabHX BOAOXpaIHHJIHWa npeAycMaTpHBaeTCH oCyUIeCTBJIe-
Iine npOTHBOMaJIHpHI31HbIX MepOnpHHTHiI.
143 30HbI 3aTOnJIeHHH Kyn6b1IIIeBGKOrO BoAOXpaH'HJIHma Ha 6o-
,nee BbICOKne yLIaCTKH 6epera, nepeHeceHO MH'oPO AOMOB, }KHTeJIHM
KOTOpbIX npeAOCTa?BJIHeTCH Bee Heo6xoJl DMoe AJ151 BeAeHHH XO-
3Hf4CTBa.
B 3OHe BOAOXpaHHJIHHIa n'POBOAHTCH 6oJIbffiaH pa60Ta no ne-
peyCTpol3CTBy MOCTOB. B CBH3Il C nOA"beMOM BOAbI CyII[CCTBYK)UI'He
MOCTbI Llepe3 BOJIry cTaHOBHTCH HeAOnyCTHMO IHH3KIIMII, He o6e-
cneLIHBaIOHIHMH ABI}KeHHH nOA HHMH CyAOB. FI03TOMy ?KeJIe3HO-
AOpO KHble MOCTbI B YJIbH'HOBCKe Ii 'B 3eJIeIHOaOJIbcKe, OKOJIO Ka-
3a'HH, nepeCTpaHBaIOTCH, yIKpenJIHIOTCH HI 'nOAHHm4aIOTCH Ao ypoB-
Heli, o6ec'neun-Baiownx Tpe6yeMble CYAOXOAIHble ra6apinTbi.
B 3HIMHHIi nepHOA 1955/56 roaa YpOBeHb BOJ bI B KyK6bIuIeB-
CKOM BOAOXpaHHJIHUje HaxOAHJICH Ha BbICOTe 11 M HaA eCTecTBeH-
HbIM YPOBH M BOAbI B peKe. B nepHOA Becenxero InOJIOBOAbH
1956 roaa ypOBe'Hb Bo LoxpaHHJIHn a HOAHHJICH Ao 20 M, TO eCTb
npHMepHO Ha 9 Al BbIUIe OTMeTKH, npH KOTOpOIi 6bIJIH riymeHbl
nepBble arperaTbl 1'9C.
HaBHraUHOHIHbie yCJIOBHH 'B 1956 roay Ha Kyf16bIlueB-CIKOM BO-
AOxpaHHJInUIe 6J1H3KH n0 pe}KHMY ypOBHeII K YCJIOBHHM CyAOXOA-.
cTBa npH 6oJibUIHX BeceHHHX 'pa3JPHBaX. BOJIIHOBOIi pe}KHM BOAO-
xpaHHJIHuJa 6yAeT McHee OnaCHbIM AJIH CyAOB, LleM npH HOpMaJIb-
HOM nOAnOpIHOM ypOBHe, OAHaKO BbICOTa BOJIIH !Bice 3Ke MO?KeT 6bITb
AOBOJIbHO 3Ha1qnITeJIbHOH. 'CyaOXoACTB0 CTaiHeT OCyUIeCTBJIHTbCH tie-
pe3 o6e napbl I-UJI1030B - BepxHHe HI HJ-IN(HHe.
YLInTbIBaH, qTO -B 1956 roay Ky i6bIIIIeB'CK'oe BoAoxpaxlJlnule
eUle He 6yAeT HaIIOJIHeHO AO HopMa.1bHOIi nOAnOpHOIi OTMeTKI3,
cJleayeT opHeHTnpOBaTb'CH 'Ha TO, LITO YCJIOBHH CyAOXOACTBa Ha
Approved For Release 2008/03/13: CIA-RDP83-00418R007000140003-5
 Approved For Release 2008/03/13: CIA-RDP83-00418R007000140003-5
HH}KeJIe}Ka[.[eM yLIaCTKe peKI1 no'-ITH He H3MeH2TCA. Ko.Ie6aHHH
ypOBHei3 B HH}KI-IeM 6becpe I'1u poy3Jla BBHay Toro, LITO Ha F3C
yCTaHOBJlexbl eHl,e He BCe arperaTbl, 6yAyT He3HaLIHTeJIbHbIMH. OA-
HaKO, HeCOMHeHHO, 'ITO HaBHraUHOHHbie YCJIOBH51 Ha BOJire
B 1956 roAy 6yJgyT IIMeTb p3iA oco6exxoCTerj.
11pOH3BO,gCTBO pa66OT HO CTPOHTeJIbCTBy Kyii6bIIUCBCKOM F3C
Pa60TbI HO CTpoHTeJibCTBy 1-H,gp03JIeKTp0CTaHIIHH 6bIJIH HaLIa-
TbI B 1950 roAy. bOJIbwo13 06'beM CTpOHTeJIbHO-MOHTa}KHbIX pa-
60T nOTpe6oBaJI C03AaHHH MO14HO1I npOn3BOACTBeHHOH 6a3b1, CH0-
HanoAKa nOHTOHIIOrO MocTa crepes npopaH Bo.nrH. Ha saAHeM HIaae onopa
co IHOII o6eCneLIHTb iMexaH 3aLLHIIO CTpoJJTeJlb,CTBa. LJigi O6c iyx{H-
BaIHHSI CTpOHTCJIbCTBa Heo6x0AHMo 6bIJIo HOCTpOHTb noJjbe3J!Hble m
BHYTpHIIOCTpOeLIHb]e }KeJIe3'BoJIopo}KIHble nyTH o61He1 AJIHIHOfI
330 x , aBTOMO6HJIbxble AOpOra, npHLTa.JIbI giiq ripHeMa 6oJlbrHOro
KOJIHLIeCTBa rpy3013, AO'CTaBJISIeMbIX BOJHbI:M TpaHCHOpTOM, IBbICOKO-
BOJIbTHble JIHHHID 3JIeKTpOnepeuaLm npOTft}KeHHIeM CBbTIHe 400 1Cm,
HH3KOBO,JIbTHble JIHHHH 3.TIeIKTponepeJJaLIH H JIHIHHH CB513H npOTR-
}Ke'HIHOCTblO B HeCKOJIbKO COTeH !KHJIOMeTpOB, jepeBoo6-aeJiou'Hbie
npe,gnpHBTHH, iCHOco6]-Ible 3a HeTblipe roAa ne~pepa6oTaTb OKOJio
2 MJIH. Ky6..M ApeBecMHbI. Tax xce C03)IaBaJIHHCb peMoHTHO-Mexa-
Approved For Release 2008/03/13: CIA-RDP83-00418R007000140003-5
 Approved For Release 2008/03/13: CIA-RDP83-00418R007000140003-5
IIepeKpblTHe pycna Bonrl. Ha nepeaHeM. gnaHe HarnaBHoc MOCT H OTCbinaH-
5X I
HbI i 6aHKeT. Ha '3aRHcM HnaHe 3aTOHJIeHHbI]i KOTnoBaH. 25X1
Approved For Release 2008/03/13: CIA-RDP83-00418R007000140003-5
 Approved For Release 2008/03/13: CIA-RDP83-00418R007000140003-5
HHTIe'CKBe 3aBOJjbI jj.IR tpeMOHT3 CTpOHTeJIb'HbIX Ma[IIH'H H McXaHH3-
MOB H aJI51 H'3rOTOBJIeHHB 'MeTaJ[JIOKOHCTpyKUHH H nipHCnoco6JIelHHH,
.aBTOpeMOHTHble 3aBOjjbI H rapa?KH ,JISI o6CJ1y}{HBaHH5i aBTOMo6H-
JIeIi; 3aBOJjbI no H3rOTOBJIeHHK) 6eT0Ha o6njeII np'OH3'BOAHTeJIbHO-
CTbIO 20 TbIC. Kiy6. Ad B CyTKH; apMaTypHbie MaCTepCKHe, CnO-
Co6Hble H3rOTOBHTb J.[o 700 T CBapHbIX cpepM B CyTKH; Kapbepbl Kam-
Hsi, rpaBI15I, neCKa, Ha KOTOpbIX 3a TleTbipe roj a 6bIJ10 HeO6XOjjHMO
:3arOTOBHTb 15 MJIH. K(y.6. u MaTepHaJIOB. CTpOHJIHCb jjp06HJIbHO-
o6oraTHTeJIbHbie 3aBO,gbI AJIII npHrOTOBJIeHH51 lUe6HH, KaHaTHble ao-
porH o6Hzei RJIHHOII OKOJIO 10 KAI , JI51 TpaHCnOpTa Iue6HB C jjpo-
6HJIbHbIX 3aBOj[OB Ha 3aBOjjbl no npHrOTOBJIeHH1o 6eTOHa. Bee nOA-
,CO6Hble IlpearipHHTHSI, ,1 oporH H JIHHHH 3JleKTponepena'H 6bIJIH
noCTpoexbl K cepejjHHe 1953 tuna.
HapsiJjy C BejjeHHeM noJjrOTOBHTeJIbHbIX pa60T B 1951 rojjy 6bIJIH
HaTIaTbl OCHOB'Hble 'pa'6OTbI IHO BbleMKe PpyHTa H3 IKOTJIOBaHOB HOJj
3JjaHHie 'rHA'po3JIe,KTpoCTaHUHH. HaTIaTO TaK}Ke 'CTpOHTeJIbCTBO ne-
peMbPleK JjJI51 Orpa}KAOHHII KOTJIOBaHOB. 3TH inepeMbITIKH - IKpyn-
Hble rHJlpOTeXIHHTIeCKHe COOpy}k:eHHSI. TalK, nepeMbI11Ka, orpa}K;Jaio-
.IuaT1 KOTJI'OBalH rOjj 3AaHHe rulj[p03JIeKTpOCTaIHUH'H, npeACTaiBJIIIJia
co60R 3eMJIH'HyIO l aM6y aJIHHOR 6OJIee 1,5 KM H BbICOTOII jo 25 M,
3a1ijHlueHHyIO -OT 'no, Mbl'Ba B0jj0Ii CTeHaMB H3 'MeTaiIJIH,4ecKoro
'HInyHTa. rpyHT jjJISI nepeMbITIR:H pa3pa6aTblBaJICSI 3eMJIe000aMH y
npoTHBOnoJIO?K'HOro 6epera BoJIrH H no Tpy6aM, yJIo7K21HHbIM no
jjHy pelKH, nOJIaBaJIcH iK MecTy cTpoHTeJIbCTBa ne'peMbiTIKH. McTaJi-
.JIHTIeCKHH nlnyHT 3a6HBaJIcIl C fOM0lUb1O KonpOB, O60pyROBaHHbIX
napOBbI'MH MOJIOTaMH. q AR 3a6HIBKH HInyHTa B pyCJIO peKH HpH-
:MeH51JIHCb HJIOByTIHe KOHpbI.
J1eBo6epe3K''HaH nepe'MbITIKa ovpa}KJjaJla KOTJIOIBaHbI }KeJIe3o6e-
TOHHOI%I BOJjOCJIHBHOIl HJIOTH'HbI H HIJIIO30B. gJIHiHa 3TOII nepeMbI'TIKH
6biJla CBbIHIe 8 1Cm. FlepeMblTlKa npeJjcTaBJIHJia co6oii 3eMJT51Hy1O
,jaM6y BbICOTOII OT 8 Jjo 22 M. rpyHT JaJI51 Ha.MbIBa nepeMbITIIKH BbI-
HHMaJICI1 3eMJle'COCaMH H3 KOTJIOBaHa 1JIOTHHbI H fO,1 BaJICII no
Tpy6aM. Bcero 6bIJIO IHaMbITO 'H yJlo}KeBO B ne'peMbITIKy CBbI'HIe
6 MJIH. Ky6. M. rpyliTa.
KoTJIoBaH fOJL 3jjaiiHe rHJjlIO'3JIeKTpOCTaHUHI31 B OCHOBIHOM pa3-
pa6aTbPBaJ1C5i 31KcKaBaTopa'MHI, 'rpyHT OTBO3HJl'CII aBTOMaLIJHHaMH.
Pa3pa6oTKa xoTJIoBa'Ha, HaT1aTaF B cpeBpa.ne 1951 roaa, 6bIJIa Jjo-
BeJjeHa Jjo npoelKTHbIX OTMeTOK B 1952 rojiy.
KOT.nOBaHbI n0J 'BoAO,CJIHB'IlylO nJIOTHHy H HIJIIO3bI pa3pa'6aTbI-
'BaJIHCb 6OJiee 3cjxJeKTHBHbTM CHOCO6oM -'C nOMOIIjb1O 3eMJIe-
COCOB. DTO pa3JIHTIHe B cno,co6ax pa60TbI 06'bHCIH59JIOCb TeM, TITO y
npaiBoro 6epera n'pHXOaHJIOCb HMeTb jjeJio C rJIHHaMFII, IKOT-o'pbie
pa3pa6aTblBaTb 3eMJIe000aMH 6bIJIO He ueJlecoo6pa3HO, y .nesoro
}Ke 6epera 3aJieralOT nec'aHbie rpyHTbI, TITO r103BOJIHJIO 3jjeCb npH-'
McHHTb 3eMJIe000bI B nIHpOKHX MaCUITa6ax.
C CeHT516pq 1952 roJja !Ha'IaJlFCb Ipa6oTbi no yKJIa.TKe 6eToHa
B 3JjaHHe rH po3JleKTpOCTaHuHH.
Approved For Release 2008/03/13: CIA-RDP83-00418R007000140003-5
 Approved For Release 2008/03/13: CIA-RDP83-00418R007000140003-5
B pa60Tax no CTpOHTeJIbCTBy Kyi16bIHIeBOKOH ['3C BcTpe'-iaJiocb
MHOrO TpyAHOCTe%i.
KorAa IKOTJIOBaHbI rHAIp09JIeKTpoCTaIHuHH 6bIJIH olrpa}KAeHbi
HepelMbNKaMH, Bojira npoxon'HJia 4epe3 eCTeCTBeIH'Hoe pyCJio, cTe-
cHeiI-iHoe Ao 45% CBOHX IHOpMaJIbHbIX pa3MepOB. HO B nepBbIfI xce
rIaBOAOK Boiira pa3Mbljia neCLIaHbIII JIenblI3 6eper H,'pyCJIo ee pac-
IHHIpHJIOCb H . yrJIy6HJiocb.
,UJI51 Toro TITo6bi '3aHZHTHTb KOTJIO:BaHbI OT noCTynJIe'HHH B IHHX
BOAbI, 6bIJIO YCTpOeHO rpyHTOBOe BOAOrIOHH)KeHHe. UJI5I 9TOro npo-
6ypHJIH CBbIIIIe 1 000 CKBa}KHH, CHa6AHJIH FIX rJIy6H'HHbIMH Hacoca-
MB, H TOJIbKO TaKHM 06pa3OM yAaJIOCb yCTpaHnTb OnaCHOCTb pa3-
}KHXKeHHfI OCHOBaHHH.
Ta,Koe noJi0}KeHH,e Cy1ueCTBOBaJIO Ao BeceH'Hero na,BoaiKa
1955 roAa.
O'3eIHb Cepbe3HbIM Hc'nbITa'HHeM AJI5I CTpOHTeJIef 6bIJI BeCeIHIHHI1
naBOAOK 1955 roAa, BbICOTa KOTOporo 6bIJia 3Ha'IHTeJIbHO BbInle
cpeA!Hef. OAHaIKO 6JIa'roAap51 COOTBeTCTByIOHjHM MepOnp'HSITHHM
CTPOHTeJIH Kyf16biweiBCKOfI 1'3'C BCTpeTHJIH naBOAOK nOArOTOBJIeH-
HbIMH. -
Ha CTpoHTeJIbICTBe Kyf16bI,weBCKOA MC MaKCHMaJIbHO HCnOJIb-
30BaJIHCb ?COBpeMeuHiHbie TeXHHIleCKHe cpeACTBa. B IKaHa.iax, noA-
3BOA5 H HX BOAy IK PHApo9JIeK11pOCTa,HUHH iH OTBOA3T4uHX ,ee B pyCJIO
BOJirn, InOIABOAHa5 IBbleMKa rpy'HTa npOH3BOAHJIaCb C n0'MOMbIO 3e-
MJIeilepnaJlo'K n'pOH3BOAHTeJib'HO'CTbIO 750 Ky.6. M B qac. Ha 3eMJI5I-
HbIX pa6oTax InpH'MeIHHJIHCb 3eMJIe'COCbI 1 000-80, HMe1OHIHe npOH13-
BOAHTeJIbH'OCTb 1 TbIIC. Ky6. Ai Ppy'HTa B qac, C BbI'COTOI%I InoAagH
80 Ad. DTH 3eMJiecOCbI CfOCO'6HbI 6paTb IrpyHT C rJIy6HIHbT AO 15 M.
31HagHTeJIbIHbIII o6beM 3eMJI5l'HbIX'pa6OT 6bIJI BbIInOJIHeH CKpenepaM'H.
O6'belM 6eTOHHbIX pa60T !Ha CTpOHTeJIbCTBe THApO'CTaHUHH C.O-
CTaBJISIeT 0,KOJIO 8 ?MJIIH. Ky6. M. 9TO rpOMaAHOe IKOJIH4eCTBO 6eTOHa
npn'POTOBJIHJIOCb IHa MO'HI,HbiX aBTOMaTH3HpOBaHHbIX 3aIBoAax, o6o-
ipyAOBaIHHbIX 6eTOHoimeiHIaJIKaMH C eMKOCTbIO 16apafa[Ha Ao 2 400 A.
BeTO1H-Hbie '3aIB0AbI 6bIJIH n01CTpoeHbI y 3AaIHH51 rHApo9JIeKTp0CTaIH-
ILHID, y IBOAOCJIHB'H0Ii fJIOTHHbI iH y HH}KIHeH CTyne'HH WJ11030?B. Be-
TOH OT 3a'BOAOB K coopy?KeHHHM nQAaBaJIc5i aBTOMO6HJIHMH H B
6aAb5IX Ha }Ke.Ie3HOAOpO}KHbIX nJIaTCf OpMaX, a yKJIaAKa npOH3'BO-
AHJIaCb c IHOMOlubio 6eToH HaCOCOB, 'B116paUHOHHbIX Xo60TOB H Kpa-
HaMH.
BMecTO AepeB1HIHOfi OInaJIy61KH Ma CTpowreJlb'CTBe HIHpOKO npH-
McIHBJIHCb BKeJIe3o6eTOH-Hble rJIHTbI-O6OJIOLIIKH, H3r0TOBJIeHIHble 113
oco60 BbICOKOKatieCTBe'HIHOIro 6eTOHa. IlpHMeIHeIHHe }KeJIe3O6eToH-
HbIX o60JlogeK, alpMaTypIHbIX (rep,M H InaKeTOB InO31BOJIHJIO MexaHII-
3HpOBaTb Bice IIpOueCCbI 6eTOHHbIX pa60T. UJI5I 3TOro ycTarHOBHJI'H
,Ka'6eJIbIKpa'HbI Ppy3onoA-beMHOCTbIO AO 15 T . H ApyrHe MOIn,Hble
KpaHbI.
MaIKCHMaJIHHaSI IipoH3'BOAHrreJlb'HOCTb yKJIaAKH 6eToHa Ha KyH-
6bI1neBCKOI3 rHApO9JIeKTpOCTaHUHH AOCTHraiia B aBryCTe 1955 roAa
400 TbIC. Ky6. Ai B McCSIU. HanOMHHM, 4TO Ha aHenpOCTpoe HHTeH-
Approved For Release 2008/03/13: CIA-RDP83-00418R007000140003-5
 Approved For Release 2008/03/13: CIA-RDP83-00418R007000140003-5
CHBHOCTb YKJIaAKH 6eToHa AOCTHPJIa 110 TbIC. Ky6. M, a Ha KaHajle
HMeHH MOCKBbI - 170 TbIC. IC 5. M B MecHu.
Oco6yio CJIOXQHOCTb HpH CTpOHTeJlb'CTBe KyH6brLHeBCIKOF3 rHApo-
9JIeKTpOCTaIiUHH H!peuCTaBJI5If0r MO'HTaNKIHble pa60TbI. B TI'pe3BbI-
TraI1!HO KOpOTKHe CpOKH MOHTHpyIOTC5 '3aTBOpbi II MexaHH3Mbi, Typ-
45HIHbI, reHepaTOpbi H TpaH'c op?MaTOpbI. OCyI1 eCTBHTb 3TOT MOH-
TaMK B CMKaTbie CpOKU MOMKHO TOJIb'KO nyTeM 'npeABapHTeJIb!HOi
c60PKH AeTaJIel3 'H yCTa;HOiBKH 'ueJibIX, 3apaHee CMOHTHpOBaHHbIX
IKOH'CTpyKUHII. IZOBTOMy Me 3aTBcpbI IOJI'HOCTbIO CO6HpaIOTCH Ha
MOHTaMKIHbIX njioLuaAKax H rHOAOIOTCH 'Ha 06beKTbl 'B rOTOBOM BHae.
Ha MOHTaMHbIX HJIOLU )IKaX COSHpaIOTCSI H 3aTeM yCTBHaBJIHBaIOT-
CSI Ha MecTO YKPYH'HBHHbie y3JI:bI Typ6HH H reHepaTop0.3 'BeCOM Ao
800 T.
IlepeKpbrTHe pyc is BoJIrH H CTpOHTeJ1bHble pa6OTbl
B HyCKOBON nepHOA
B CBA3H C HCKJIIOTIHTeJIbIHO KOPOTKHM CPOKOM CTpoHrreJlb'CTBa,
YCTBIHOBJIeHHbIM AJISI Kyi6bIIIIeBCIKOFI r3C, HapTrrl H npaBHTeJIb-
CTBO C031aJIH Bce Heo6XOAHMbie yCJIOBHS1 J JISI 06e'CHe'IeHHH CBOe-
BpeMeHHOrO ?BbIIIOJIHeHHSI CTpOY,.Te.ilb!HbIX Ipa6OT.
CTpOHTe.JIbCTBO paono iaraeT MOLUHOFI npoH3BOACTBeHHo 6a3OFr,
n03BOJISIIOH.1,eFi yKJIaAbIBaTb Ao 20 TbIC. Ky6. M 6eTOHa B CYTKH,
MOLUHbIMH 3eMJiepoHHbIMH MaLHHHaMH, 3eMCHapTiAaMH AJISI 'IIaMbIBa
3eMJISIHbIX riepeMblTleK HJIOTIiH 14 AaM6, i6OJIbdUHM naPKOM aBTOMa-
IIIHII rpy30fOAbeMHOCTbIO AO 25 T, IMOLLHbIM IKpaHOBbIM o6opyA0-
BaHHeM, LUHPOKO pa3BHTOFI MKeJIe3HOAOpoMK'H0H CeTblo. UJi5i O6ecne-
TIeHHSI I-HIIp0KOIi McXaHH3auHH 'CTpOHTeJIbIHbIX pa60T KOHCTPYKUHH
OCHOBHbIX coopy)KeHHF1 6bIJIH 3ariP0eKTHPOBBHbI C yTIeTOM npHMe-
HeHHSI apMaTypHbIX KapKaCOB, IIJIHT-o6ojio-ieK, Hecyiuefi onaaly6KH,
c6opHOrO MKeJIe3o6eTOHa, 6e33CTaKaAHOrO HaMbIBa 3eMJI5IHOI3 nJIO-
THHbI H T. H.
HanpTixKeHHO pa60TaJI MHOrOTbICHTIHbIFI KOJIJIeKTHB cTpoHTeJieI3
B 1955 ro,ay, B KOHue KOTOporo KyH6bMLHeBcKasi r9C AaJIa npo-
MbILHJIeHHbIFI TOK. YCneinHoe peiueHHe 9TOr'I 3aaa-IH o6ecnetlHBajIOCb
TeM, TITO cpeAH cTpoHTeiieii Hr eeTCH MHOIO KBaJIHcJHUHPOBaHHbIX
pa6o,iHx H cneuna.lHCTOB, nepeaecumx CIoAa 6oraTbll3 onbIT CTpoH-
TeJIbCTBa UHMJISIHCKOFI MC, BOJIrO-,LOHCKoro CyAOXOAHoro KaHajIa
HMeHH B. M. JIeHHHa H ApyrHX KPYHHbIX rHApOTexHHTIeCKHX 000py-
?KeHHFI.
BaMK'rleFiIIIHMH 3aAaT4aMH HOCJIeAHero riepHOAa 1955 roaa HB-
JISIJIHCb BBOA B 9KCnJiyaTaumo 'HIT>KHHX CyAOXOA'HbIX IHJI103OB, ne-
peKpblTHe pyc.la BOJir'n 3eMJI5IHoIi HJIOTHIIOII, BbInOJIIHeHHe MOHTaMK-
HbIX pa60T no ne'pBbIM AByM arperaTaM FDC !H HarIOJIHeHHe BOAO-
XpaHHJIrIIIja AO OTMeTKH, npeF,brLIIaloLUeFI eCTeCTBeHHbIiI ypOBaHb
BOAbI B peiKe Ha !BbICOTy OKOJIO 11 M.
,UJISI BbInOJIIHeHHSI no'CTaBJIeH!HbIX 3aaaq CYTOLIHaH yKJIaAiKa 6e-
TOHa 6bIJIa pe3KO yBeJIHTreHa, H'HTe'HcH'B'HbIMH TeM'naMH npOHOB0AHIJi-
Approved For Release 2008/03/13: CIA-RDP83-00418R007000140003-5
 Approved For Release 2008/03/13: CIA-RDP83-00418R007000140003-5
c5I MOHTa}K rHgpOCHJIOBOrO H 3JIeKTpOTeXHHLlecxoro o60pyjAOBa.HH5i,
IIepBbIX arperaTOB, ueHTpaJIbHOrO MaCJI5IHOFO XO351H-CTBa C yCTaHOB-
KOII MaCJIOOLIHCTHTeJIbHoft annapaTypbI, rpynnbI HOBbICHTeJIbHbIX
TpaHCCJOpMaTOpOB. B 3gaHHH r9C H B 6JIOKe MOHTa}KHOII nJIoiuag-
KH npoH3BOgHJICH MOHTa3K IUHTOB yHpaBJIeHH51 H 3al[IITbI, aKKy-
MyJIHTOpHbIX 6aTapei , CeKIHI1 KOMIIJIeKTHOr0 pacfpeAeJIHTeJIbHOrO
yCTpOIICTBa H gpyrHX yCTaHOBOK.
Ha CneuHaJIbxbIk 'nJ1on ag'Kax H IHeIIOCpeACTBeHHO Ha McCTe Be-
JIHCb pa60TbI ![ 0 'MOHTa?Ky rHgp?oMexaHHiiecKOro o6opyAOBa,mi:
3aKJIag'HbIX TIa,CTeII na3OB 3aTBOp0B Be'pXHero H IHHM Hero 6be(p0'B
rHgpO3JIe'KTpoCTaHuHH O6H);HM BecoM 8 500 T, McTaJIJIOKOH'CTpyK-
aHI H McXaHH3MOB gJIH Ma'HeBpHpo'BaHHH 3aTB0paMH cnHpaJiHHbIX
KaMep, -penreTOIK nepeg Typ6HHa'MHI, 3aTBOPOB mgoC6poCHbIX OT-
BepCTHIt H T. A.
B aBrycTe 1955 Toga (rIe'pBbIMH B'CTynHJIH B 3KCIIJIyaTauHIO HH)K-
IIIIe CygoXOIHbie 'HIJII03bI H 6bIJIa nepeKpblTa 6aH,KeTOJM JleBasl npo-
TOKa BOJIrH, oTAe.TieHHa5i OT npaBOII HCKyCCTBeIHIHO HaMbITbIM OCT-
pOBKOM,'Ha KOTOpOM paCnoJIO?KeHa -OiHopa IKaHaTHOII goporH. B OK-
TH6pe - HoH6pe CpopcHposaJ1Hcb pa6oTbl no .'nepeKpb1THlo npaBOII
npoTOKH, 'nocJie Tiero n'pHCTyHHJIH KK ,HaMbIBy nep'BoiI TIaCTH pycJIO-
BOII 3eMJI5IHOI3 rJIOTHHbI. rpe6e'Hb nJIOTHHbI gO'BeJIH AO OTMeTKH,
n03BOJI5uoLge9 B geKa6pe nyCTHTb nepBblI arperaT KyH6binieB-
CKOII r3C.
OTBeTCTBeHHeIIIIHe pa60TbI HO IIepeKpbITIIIO pyciia BoWirH npo,
BogHJIHCb B TpH 3Tarla. Ha inepBOM 3Tane, g0 IBecefHHero naBOgKa
1955 roga, npOH3B'ofHJlaCb OTCbinKa 6aHKeTOB AO OTMeTOiK, n03BO-
J15iioII;Hx ocylueCTBJIHTb '6eonepe6oI Hoe cygoxogcTBo. Ta'KHM _o6pa-
30M, B 9TOT nepHO, 'Bepx 6aH'KeTOB 6bIJI HHDKe y'pO!BHH BOgbI B pexe
npHMepHO Ha 4-6 MeTpOB. Ha BTOpOM 3Tane, Ha cnage BeCe'H'Hero
IIaBOJKa 1955 roga, rIpOH3BOJHJIacb OTCbIIIDKa BepXOBOro H 'HH30-
Boro 6aHKeTOB B JIeBOM pycJie g0 OTMeTK'H, npeBbl ualoMell yp o-
BeIHb BOgbI B Bojlre. Ha TpeTbeM 9TaHe, B O'KTH6pe - Ho516pe
1955 Toga, npoH3BogHJiacb OTCbIfIKa 6aHKeTa B npaBOM pycJie go
OTMeTKH BbIHIe rOpH30HTa IBOgbI.
Cyga B pai oxe coopyxceHHII KyA'6bIIIIeBCKOli r3C B nepHo,,
3a'KpbITI315I JleBOro pycJia BoJI'rH npOXO'gHJIH Hepe3 npaaoe pyc.mo
H OTHY IHHTKy IIIJI1030B. Hociie OTKpbITH5I 'BTOpOII HHTKH IIIJIIO30B
Bce cyga UIJIH TOJIbKO tiepe3 lUIJII03bI.
OTCbInxa 6aHKeTa B JIeBOM pycJIe ocymeCTBJi3iJlacb C KaHaTHOI1
goporH.H c 6apxc.
17epeK'pbrTHe 'npa'Boro pyciia Bojira, TO ecTb ee noJIIHoe 'IIepe-
K'pbITHe 'c' Hanpa'BJIelHHeM 'Bcero InOTOiKa ?BOgbI B IBOgOC6pOCHble OT-
BepCTH51 rHgpo3JleKTpoCTa'HUHH, 5I'BJI5iJIOCb oueHb CJIO}KHOII rHgpO-
TeXHHqeCKOIi 3agage1i. 9TOIi pa60Te npegHIeCTBOBaJIa 6oJIbluaaI
IIpoe;KTHaa 'H HayTIHO-HICCJIegOBaTeJIboxaa IIOgrOTOB'Ka.
BbIJIH 'paCCMOTpeHbl pa3JIH?IHble cnoco6bi 3aKpbITHH npaaoro
pyc is peKH: c IHa'nJIaBHOro MOCTa a'BTOCaMOCBaJIaMH, C IBpeiMeIHHO-
ro }KeJIe3HOJ.jOpO}KHOro MOCTa, C Ka'HaTHO[1 gOpOrH H gpyrHe. TaK-
Approved For Release 2008/03/13: CIA-RDP83-00418R007000140003-5
 Approved For Release 2008/03/13: CIA-RDP83-00418R007000140003-5
xe 113ylIaJIHCb pa3J1H4DHble MITepHBJlbl H KOIICTpYKIZHH, IKOTOpble
Mor.nH 6bITb HpHMeHelibi gJI5 rlepeKpbITH15i pycJia.
Ann o6ocHOBaHHH npoeKTmHbrx npopa6OTOK HO HepexpbITHIO
pyc is BOJPrH B rI4 poTexHHqecKOa Jla6opaTOpHH HpoBo HJIHCb CHe-
uHaJIbllble HccJIeAOBaHHSI 110 npOBepKe npOHyCKIIOFI cIIOCO6HOCTH
BoROC6pocHbix OTBepCTH14 r9C: npB pa3JIH4:rlblx COCTO F HHS1x rOTOB-
HOCTH oTJjeJIb'HbIX CeKI(HI4 H pa3tH0r1 LHHpine paGKpblTHSr nepeMbI-eKK
(F3C COCTOIIT H3 10 CeKH,H[I HO aBa arpera'ra B ii a}KRoH), no anpe-
,aeJIenHIO yCHJIH1I, BO3HHKOIOLHHX B TJOCBX, vJ ep>Ke,nblx 6OTO1IHbIX MJCCI'IBOB pa3HON cJopMbi, IKapKaCHbIX
rIpO'HH,L[aeMbIX IKOHCTpyKUfIII H AIeTajIJIHgecKHX cpepM.
Ha OCHOBaHHH HpoBe}ieIHHbIx HlecneJoBaHHl1 6bIJr npHHUT crioco6
OTCb1nKH 6aHKeTa c HanJIaBIFICTO MoMTa, KaK Q3aH60Jlee :Ha}Ie}KHb11I.
IIepeKpbITHlo npaBoro pycJia Bo.omH npeJ iUeCTBOBaJlO 3aTOI1Ie-
HHe KOTJI0BaHa rH,!po3JIeKTpocTaIIUHH, B BOJ(oc6poOHble OTBepCTHH
KOTOpoh yCTpeMHJIHCb BORbI B0JI1-H.
30 oKTrI6pl 1955 ro,aa uaHaJIO,Cb nepeKpbITIIe Bourn, Hepe3
19 qac. 30 MHH. OHo 6bIJIO aaKOHtrexo. IIepexpbTTHe npanoro pycJia
Bo,nrn npoTa}Ke1I-IHoCTblo 300-m 6bIJro ocyLUeCTBJICI1O c6pacbl,BaHH-
eM C n0HTOHHOro MOCTa 1 600 J ecgTHTO,HlHblx 6eTO:rIHbIX TeTpa9A'pOB
11 OTCbIrIKOH 6 TbIC. Ky6. . KaMHSI.
28
Approved For Release 2008/03/13: CIA-RDP83-00418R007000140003-5
 Approved For Release 2008/03/13: CIA-RDP83-00418R007000140003-5
B nepHoa nepexpbITHSI pyciia BorIrH paCxoA BORbI B pee co-
CTBBJISIJI OKOJIO 4 TbIC. Mslceic. UJi5i cpaB':HeIHHH y,Ka}KeM, ZiTO B MO-
McHT nepeKpbITHSI pyc is UoHa B CTBOpe UHMJISIIHCKOH r3C pacxo
BOAbI pa'BHSIJICH 240 M3/ceK, KaMbI B CTBope KaMCKOH 179C -
1 7,00, BoJirH B CTBOpe ropbKOBC'KOH FDC -1 800 M3lceic.
CTpoHTerIH Kyf'6bHueBCKOH cTaHuHH TalK TLLjaTeJIbHO HO rOTO-
BHJIHCb K HepexpbITHIO pyCJia. BOJirH, ZITO yCnemHHO npo'BeJIH 6bI
ero H 'B TOM cJiy'ZIae, eCJiH 6bl npHIIIJIOCb .9T0 aeJiaTb BO BpemSI BbI-
coKOrO oceHHero !naBO,Ka c pa'CXOAOM BOAbI A0 12 TbI'C. Ai31ceK.
[lpHHSiTbIH npH CTpOHTeJIb'CTBe McTOA nepeKKpbITHH pyciia
B'rIOJI'He ceo5i onpa'BJjaJI_H MO}KeT 6bITb peKOMeHAOBaH AJI5i BHe.A'pe-
HH5I IHa CTpOHrreJIbCTBaX ApyrHX FDC !Ha IKpynHbIX peKax. rlpH Me-
Hee 3Ha-tiHTeJlbHbIx pa'cxo'ZjaX BOAbI 'MOryT n,pIMeHSITb!CSI HHble, 6o-
.nee AeuieBbie cnocO6bi.
k byy~?
25X1
AlioBpeMeHHo c .nepeKpbITHeM pycjIa peKH npOH3BOAHJIC51
HaMbIB PYCJIOBOH 3eMJISLHOH BJIOTH'HbI. flocjie nepeKpbI'PHH BOJIrH
6bIJIH BKJIIOZIeHbI !B pa6OTy 9 MOLIJHbIX 3eMCHapHA'O'B C o6tuei
CyTO4HOH npOH3BOAHTeJibHOCTbIo 250 TbIC. Kg- 6. A?t rpyHTa. rlpH nO-
MOLLjH 3THX 3eMJIe1000OIB, HecMOTpSI IHa He6Jlaro'npH51'I1Hble 'rHApo-
McTeOpOJionHLIecKHe ycJIooBHSI, IB H0H6pe H !HatiaJle AeKa6'pH 6bIJio
HBMbITO OKOJIO 5 MJIH. Ky.6. At rpyHTa. IIpH TaKOH rOTOBHOCTH nJlo-
THHbI M=HO 6bIJIO HaHOJIHHTb BOAOXpaHHJIIInje AO OTMeTOK, nO3BO-
JISIIOIL~HX oCyIUeCTBHTb nyCK arperaTOB Kyf6bImeBCKOH r3C. Ha-
nOJIHeHHe BOAOXpaHHJIHma co riaJio c O6pa3OBaHHeM JIe,II:OCTaBa
Ha ytIaCTKe BOJIrH BbILHe KyH6bIHIeBCKOH MC, BbI3BaBHIerO yMeHb-
rueHHe IIpOTOKa BOAbI. B TO }Ke BpeMH Ha HH}Ke.Ie}Kan_wM ytIaCTKe
peKH ewe He YCTaHOBHJICSI JIeAHHOH HOKpOB. B 3THX yCJIOBH5IX
HY}KHO 6bIJI0 cO6JIIOAaTb CTPOrHff pe}KHM, npOnyCKa 'BOAbi AJI5I HOA-
gep}KaxHSI YPOBHeH Ha TaKHX MHHHMaJlbHbIX OTMeTKaX, KOTOpble
Approved For Release 2008/03/13: CIA-RDP83-00418R007000140003-5
 Approved For Release 2008/03/13: CIA-RDP83-00418R007000140003-5
o6ecne'iHBaJIH 6bI BOAOCHa6)KeHHe paCHOJIO)KeHHbIX HH}Ke ropOAOB
H 6e3onaCHble yCJIOBHH AJISI OTCTOSI C4JIOTa B 3aTOHax.
B 3'rOT 0TBeTCTBeHHbIli neipHOA cyMMapHblli pacXOA BOAbI
B BOJire, COCTaBJIRBHIHIi OKOJIO 3 TbIC. Ati3/ceIc, 6bIJJ KaK 6bI noAe-
JIeH Mexci y BepXHHM H HH)KIIHM 6becpaMH: 1 500 Ati3/ceic c6paCbI-
BaJIOCb B HH)KHHI3 6becp Tiepes OTBePCTHSI F3C H 1,500 M3/ce!c 3a-
Aep}KHBaJIOCb B BOAOXpaHHJimme Aji i er0 HanOJIHeHHSI.
B 1955 roAy 6b1JIH npOH3BeAeHbI TaKHe Ba3KHeIiWHe pa60Tbi KaK
nepexpbiTHe pyc is BOJIrH, BBe)jeHHe B BKCnJIyaTaIHIO HHxcHHX cy-
AOXOAHbIX IUJIIO30B H HYCK nepBOro arperaTa rHApo3JIeKTpoCTaH-
nHH. OAHaKO He McHee Cepbe3Hble pa60TbI HpeACTOHT CTpOHTeJIHM
B 1956 roAy.
B 9TOM MAY BeCeHHHI3 naBOJJOK Born H BnepBble 3aAep)KHBaJIc5i
B BOAOXpaHHJIHIIje. IlepeA HaBOAKOM KOJIJIeKTHB CTpOHTejleIi BbI-
HOJIHHJI QFPOMHbie pa60TbI no HaMbIBy conpxxceHHa Me}KAy 3eMJISI-
HOIi H 6eTOHHOIi nJIOTHHaMH, MOHTa)KY 3aTBOPOB HJIOTHHbI, AO-
CTpOI1Ke BePXHHX HIJII03OB. CI3oeBpeMeHHoe BbInOJIHeHHe 3THX pa-
60T r103BOJIHJI0 OTKPbITb HaBHrauHIO B HOpMaJIbHble CPOKH H Ha-
IIOJIHHTb BoJ oxpaHHJIHLue AO :HaMeLIeHHOrO Ha 9TOT rOA YPOBH5.
FepoHTIeCKH pa60TaJI BeCb MHOrOTbICSILIHbIIi KOJIJIeKTHB CTpOHTeJIeii
B 9TH Hanpsi}KeHHble aHH. BblJla pa3pa6oTaHa cxeMa nponyCKa Be-
ceHHero naBOAKa. 110 9TOii cxe e npHTOT-IHble pacxo. bi BoJIrH BHa-
LIaJIe HpOHyCKaJIHCb Llepe3 OTBePCTHSI rHAP03JIeKTPOCTaHuHH H ABa
pa60TaiouJnx arperaTa FDC. IlponycKHafi cnoco6HOCTb 9THX oTBep-
CTHI'I COCTaBJISIJIa 10 000 M3/cert. TaKHM o6pa3OM HaHOJIHeHHe BOAO-
XpaHHJlFiuja 6bIJIO HeCKOJIbKO 3aMeAJIeHO, LITO H03BOJIHJIO 3aKOH-
IIHTb Bce Heo6Xo4HMble pa60TbI B KOTJIOBaHe BOAOCJIHBHOIi nJIOTH-
HbI, HaXOAHBIIIeMCA B HaLIaJIe naBOAKa 3a nepeMbILIKOIi. K TOMy
BpeMeHH, KOraa.ypOBHH BOAbI AOCTHrJIH HPeaeJIbHbIX OTMeTOK, BCe
pa60TbI B KOTJIOBaHe 6bIJIH 3BKOHTIeHbI H CTPOHTeJIH npHCTyHHJIH K
pa36opKe nepeMbILIKH H opraIH30BaHHOMy 3aTO IJIeHHIO KOTJIOBaHa
BOAOCJIHBHOIi nJIOTHHbI.
Hoc ie 3aTOIJIeHII59 KoTJIOBaHa OTBepCTHSI rHApoCTaHuHH 6blJIH
3axpbITbI 'H BOJI?KCKa5I BoAa crajla npOHycxaTbCH LIepe3 BO,i[OCJIHB-
HylO IJIOTHHy H aBa arperaTa F 3C.
B 1956 roj y 6yAyT npoAoJT}KaTbCSI pa60Tbi no gOCTpOI1Ke rH,q-
poy3Jla H no no,L roTOBKe 3OHbI BoJjoxpaHHJIHlua, YCTPO ICTBy cyJJO
BbIX XOAOB, TOHeBbIX yHaCTKOB, nepeHOCy H YCTPOIiCTBY Ha HOBbIX
MecTax CeJIeHHIT FI Aopor, yCTpOf1CTBy IIOpTOB, npHTIaJIOB, o6BaJlo-
BaHHIO FOpOAOB H ApyFHe.
Approved For Release 2008/03/13: CIA-RDP83-00418R007000140003-5
 Approved For Release 2008/03/13: CIA-RDP83-00418R007000140003-5
JII4TEPATYPA
K y JI e B N. Pa3BHTHe 9neKTpO3HepreTHKH - OCHOBHOe yCJIOBHe TexHH9e-
cKoro riporpecca. }KypHaJf . 1954.
P y MH H g e B A. M. ABTOMaTHKa H TeJIeMexaHIIKa Ha BOAHbIX nyTHX H
rHApoTexHH'IecKBx coopy>KeHHHx. M. 4,3HaHHeb. 1954.
T B e p A H c JI o B A.. A. H K Y C K O B A. C. PCKOHCTpyKI[HB BOAHbIX Hy-
TeH CCCP. )KypnaJI , 1952, Ne 6.
K y C K 0 B A. C. BoAHoe X03RACTBo rHApo3JIeKTpOCTaHAHfi. M. FOC9Hepro-
H3AaT. 1954.
,LI M H T p H e B H. M. COBpeMeHHoe CTpOHTeJIbCTBO FHApo3JIeKTpOCTaHgHFI.
M. . 1955.
r p H HI H H M. M. Pa3BHTHe COBeTCxoi rHApoTexHHKH H rHApOTexHHYecxoro
CTPOHTeJIbcTBa. M. >. 1955.
H M e p H H T. r. DJIeKTPH4)HKaIJHH HapOaHOrO XO3In3CTBa COBeTCKOCO
Colo3a. M. >. 1955.
Approved For Release 2008/03/13: CIA-RDP83-00418R007000140003-5
 Approved For Release 2008/03/13: CIA-RDP83-00418R007000140003-5
-* K 9I4TATEJIAM *
H3AaTeJIbCTBO Bceco103HOro o6HiecTHa
no pacnpOCTpafeHnxl rIOJIHTngeCKHX H Hay9HbIX
3HaHHII npOCHT npHCbI.RaTb OT3bIBbI o6 3TO}l 6poiuiope
no aapecy: MocxBa, HOBasi nJIoHIaAb, A. 3/4.
ABTOp PeAaKTOp T. fi. HCJIaHKHHa.
HHKoJIai AJIexcaH1IpOBH4 MajibIHlcB. TeXH, peaaKTOp I7. I'. HCJIeHTbeBa.
KoppexTOp r. M. Bayap.
A 05192. IIoanncano K HegaTH 4/VI 1956 r. THpa}K 73 000 3x3. N3A.
Ns 40.
ByMara 60 X 92 1/16-1 6yM. JI.== 2 Heu. JI. Y9-113A. 1,87 JI. 3aKa3
1063.
OpAena JIeHTHa THnorpaccnsl ra3eTbt (, KOHTOpaMH, OTAeJIeHHHMH H areHTCTBaMH CB23H, non-
TajIbOHaMH, a TaK)Ke o6uteCTBeHHbIMH ynOJIHOM04eHHbIMH no nOAnHCKe
Ha (pa6pxxax H 3aBoaax, B COBX03aX H KOJIX03aX, B.y4e6HbIX 3aBeAe-
AeHngX. H3daTeAbcTBO c3HAHHE>
HHAX H y4pex(
KOJI3f4.
JIeKI(HiI
20
28
26
20
18
12
16
KOJIH4.
JIeKuHi
10
14
13
10
9
8
8
Cepi
IIepBai
nO BTOpaH
^ TpeTbH
LIeTBepTa}
UBTaB
IIIecTai
CeAbmai
~~~ooocaao
Approved For Release 2008/03/13: CIA-RDP83-00418R007000140003-5
 Approved For Release 2008/03/13: CIA-RDP83-00418R007000140003-5
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Approved For Release 2008/03/13: CIA-RDP83-00418R007000140003-5
 Approved For Release 2008/03/13: CIA-RDP83-00418R007000140003-5
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Approved For Release 2008/03/13: CIA-RDP83-00418R007000140003-5
 Approved For Release 2008/03/13: CIA-RDP83-00418R007000140003-5
Approved For Release 2008/03/13: CIA-RDP83-00418R007000140003-5
 Approved For Release 2008/03/13: CIA-RDP83-00418R007000140003-5
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Approved For Release 2008/03/13: CIA-RDP83-00418R007000140003-5
 Approved For Release 2008/03/13: CIA-RDP83-00418R007000140003-5
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Approved For Release 2008/03/13: CIA-RDP83-00418R007000140003-5
 Approved For Release 2008/03/13: CIA-RDP83-00418R007000140003-5
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Approved For Release 2008/03/13: CIA-RDP83-00418R007000140003-5
 Approved For Release 2008/03/13: CIA-RDP83-00418R007000140003-5
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Approved For Release 2008/03/13: CIA-RDP83-00418R007000140003-5
 Approved For Release 2008/03/13: CIA-RDP83-00418R007000140003-5
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Approved For Release 2008/03/13: CIA-RDP83-00418R007000140003-5
 Approved For Release 2008/03/13: CIA-RDP83-00418R007000140003-5
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Jla IIepBHLIHOro KOHTypa, Haxo!IRHiaRCH noJJ aaBJIeHHeM 100 aT-
rioc ep (0Ta), L(HPKYJ1HpyeT LIepe3 peaKTOp. OHa OTHHMaeT Ten-
JIO, BbIae.IRIOIueec5i 8 peaKTOpe, H nepejl.aeT ero Boiie BTOpHLIHOrO
KOHTypa. B pe3yJlbTaTe HarpeBa BOJja BTOpHLIHOrO KOHTypa npe-
BpauiaeTCH B nap, npHBO,aHII[HI! B aBH>KeHHe Typ6oreHepaTOp 3JIeK-
TpHLIeCKOIi MOIIIHOCTbIO 5 TbIC. I;BT (pHC. 7).
HpUMeHeHHe aBYXKOHTypHOI,i CHCTeMbI TenJIOOTBOJja HCKJIK)LIaeT
.BO3MO)KHOCTb nonaJiaHHSi paJIHOaKTHBHOro napa B Typ6HHy H ee
KOMMyHUKaL(NH.
BJlaro4apH 3TOMy o6CJIy7KlBaHHe Typ6orexepaTOpa H Bcero
CBH3aHHOrO C HUM o6opy)IOBaHH51 He Tpe6yeT yCTpOIiCTBa 6HOJIO-
rULIeCKOIi 3aLLLHTb1 OT paaH03KTHBHbIX H3JIyLIeHHI1, CTaHOBHTC51
6e3onaCHbIM AJIR nepCOHaJIa H HHLIeM He OTJIHLIaeTC51 OT O6CJIyxcH-
BaHII5i o60pyJIOBaHHR Ha 06bPLIHbIX TefJIOBbIX 3JIeKTpoCTaHIIU5IX.
Bo, a, npoxojjsi aKTUBHyIO 30Hy peaKTOpa, B HeKOTOpOIi CTe-
neHH BJIH5IeT Ha XOJI IienHOII peaxuHH ae.TieHHH RAep ypaHa. Flo-
3TOMy aJI5I HaJjexKHeI3, oxjiaMKAaeMbIX BOAOH OTJjenIbHbIMH BCHOMOraTeJIbHbIMH
HaCOCaMPI.
1-10 CBOeMy Ha3Ha4eHHIO norJIOLUalo[IZHe C'cep)KHH AejIHTCH Ha
TpH rpynnbl.
[lepBaH rpynna H3 18 nor,noujaloawx CTepMKHeI%I KOMneHCHpyeT
H36bIToTIHbIH 3anaC yp 0Ha B peaKTOpe H n03BOJIHeT no Mepe H3-
pacxoji;OBaHHH HAepHoro ropio'lero 14CHOJIb30BaTb 9TOT 3anaC AJIH
npoAOJIMKeHHH pa60ThI peaKTopa.
BTopaf rpynna H3 TIeTbIpex CTepMKHeH- (TOMKe H3 Kap6HAa 6o-
pa) npeAIla3Ha'IeHa AJIH aBTOMaTHgeCKoro noAAepMKaHHH MOII[HO-
CTH peaKTopa Fla 3agaHHOM ypoBHe.'
ABTOMaTHgeCKHe peryJI3ITOpbi pa60TaiOT nonapxo OT HOHH3a- `
UIIOHHbIX KaMep, YCTaHOBJIeHHbIX B 6aKaX BOASIHOI/ 3aIi[HTbI peaK-
Topa (7 Ha pHc. 4). OJ,[JIoBpeMeHHo pa60TaeT OAHa papa cTepMK-
HeH, ApyraS HaxoaHTCH B pe3epBe.
HOHH3aUHOHHble KaMepbl TIyBCTBHTeJIbHbI K. HeIITPOHHOMY nOTO-
Ky B peaKTOpe m C [OMOLUbIO 3JIeKTpHTIeCKOH CXeMbI H HCHOJIHH-
TeJIbHbIX McXaHH3MOB CHOCO6HbI ynpaBJIHTb aBTOMaTHTIecKHMH pe-
ryJIHTOpaMH, o6eCneTIHBaH yCTOIITIHBOe noJAep}KaHHe 3aaaHHOI3
MOHjHOCTH peaKTopa.
ABTOMaTHUeCKHYt peryjiHTOp CHOCO6eH peryJiHpoBaTb pa6oTy
peaKTopa npH H3MeHeHHH ero MOLLUIOCTH OT 3 Jjo 36 TbIC. /CBT.
TpeTbH rpynna H3 AByx cTep)KHe npeAHa3Havexa AJIH MrHO-
BeHHOI3 0CTaHOBKH peaKTopa npH B03HHKHbBeHHH yrp03bI aBapHH.
CTepMKHH KaBapHHHOH 3allU-ITmI> HaXOAHTCH Bcerua B BepXHeM
HOJIOMKeHHH, BHe aKTHBHOH 30Hbl peaKTopa, a cepBOHPHBORbl HX
yCTBHOBJIeHbI Ha KpbIIHKe peaKTopa (BHAHbI Ha pHC. 2).
flpH nonage aBapHHHOr0 cHrHaiIa cpa6aTblBaeT 3JIeKTpoMarHHT-
HbIH McXBHH3M H CTep)KHH aBapHI3HOFi 3aLUHTbI 3a 0,6 CeKyHAbI
naAalOT B aKTHBHyIO 30Hy peaKTopa H OCTaHaBJIHBa1OT UenHyIO
peaKuHlo.
3JIeKTpHTIeCKaH 6JIOKHpOBKa n03BOJIHeT. HpOH3BeCTH nOA-beM H
BOCCTaHOBJIeHHe MOLUHOCTH peaKTopa TOJIbKO rlocJIe JIHKBHJjaLUHH
npHTIHHbI, BbI3BaBwefl cpa6aTbIBaHHe a3apH13H0II 3aLUHTbI.
ABTOMaTHTIeCKaS OCTaHOBKa peaKTopa CTep)KHHMH aBapHIiHO13
3aLUHTBI npOH3oIAeT npH CJIeAyIOIL[HX OTKJIOHeHHHX B pa60Te CTaH-
LUHII: HenpeJycMOTpeHHbIH pOCT MOIUHOCTH peaKTopa Ha 20% oT
3aaaHHOH BeJIHTIHHbI, npeKpaujeHHe 3JIeKTpOHHTaHHH uHpKyJIHuil-
OHHbIX HaCOCOB, CHHMKeHHe AaBJIeHHH BOAbI B HepBHTIHOM KOHType
HHMKe 80 aTa, BbIXOA H3 CTpOH aBTOMaTI-IYeCKIIX peryjisTOpoB, H3-
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J.IJIH o6ecneTleHH51 Henpepbl-BHOr0 H HaJjeMKHOro ynpaBJIeHHH H
KOHTPOJIH 3a pa60TOil peaKTopa H CTaHUHH B ueJIOM, OHa oCHaLue-
Ha KOHTpOJIbHO-H3MepHTeJIbHbIMH 11pH6opaMH, aBapHHHOH H ripe-
Approved For Release 2008/03/13: CIA-RDP83-00418R007000140003-5
 Approved For Release 2008/03/13: CIA-RDP83-00418R007000140003-5
TeMnepaTypa BOAbI Ha BbIXOAe H3 KaHaJIOB H3MepHeTCH TepMO-
McTpaMH COnpOTHBJIeHHH C fOMOI1 bIO UITeKepHOI3 HaHeJIH H o6e-
raioluero ycTpoiicTBa, nOKa3bIBalou[ero CBeTOBbIM CHFHaJIOM, B Ka-
KHX. KaHaJIaX TeMrlepaTypa BOAbI npeBbICHJIa '3aaaHHb1cI ypoBenb.
Ha6JIIoAeHHe 3a pe}KHMOM pa6oTbl KaHajia HO TeMnepaType AO-
nOJIHHeTC51 KOHTpoJIeM 3a paCXOAOM BOAbI.
PacxoA BOAbI B pa60gHX Kaxa.iax H3MepHeTCH pacxoAOMepaMH,.
HMeioHU1MH CHrHaJIH3auI1o o6 H3MeHeHHH paCX01),a, BbIBeAeHHyIO
Ha ueHTpaJIbHbIi3 MHT.
YMeHbJIIeHHe pacxOAa BOAbI qepe3 KaHaJi IIPHBOAHT K nOBblII1e-
HH10 TeMnepaTypbI BOAbI B KaHaJle. LIoBbIHIeHHe pacxo a BOAbl 6y-
AeT CBHAeTeJIbCTBOBaTb 0 pa3pbIBe Tpy6KH B KaHaJIe.
EcJiH yMeHb11I HHe HJIH 11OBbIHIeHHe paCXOAa BOAbI B KaHajie
BbII3AeT H3 aonyCTHMbIX npeAeJloB, TO npOH301u eT Cpa6aTbIBaHHe
CTep}KHel-1 aBapHNHOi3 3aWHTbI H peaKTOp OCTaHOBHTCH. 3TO npeay-
npeAHT B03MOxcxyl0 aBapaio c pa6o~1HM KanaJioM.
C ueJlblo o6ecneqeHHa 6e3onaCHbIX yCJIOBHl3 pa60TbI o6cJIy}K11-
Batoluero nepcoaaiia - 3a1uHTbI OT paAHOaKTHBHbIX o6JIyLIeHHf4 -
BO BCeX noMelueHHHX CTaHLHH 1CTaHOBJIeHbI HOHH3auHOHHble Ka-
Mepbl AJI51 3aMepa y-H3JIyqeHHH H B03AyX03a6OpHbie yCTpO13CTBa
AJIH KOHTpOJIH paAHOaKTHBHOCTH B03Ayxa.
B CJiyqae, eCJIH nOHBHTCH aKTHBHOCTb no y-H3JIyLieHHIO HJIH
paAHOaKTHBHOCTb B03,ayXa B KaKOM-JIH6o H3 nOMelueHHi1 oKa}KeT-
CH BbIIDe HOpMbI, TO B 3TOM f0MeLUeHHH aBTOMaTHLIeCKH 6yAyT no-
AaHbI 3ByKOBO1i H CBeTOBOI-I CHrHaJIbI, npe,gynpex(AaloluHe pa6o-
Approved For Release 2008/03/13: CIA-RDP83-00418R007000140003-5
 Approved For Release 2008/03/13: CIA-RDP83-00418R007000140003-5
TaIOLHHI1 nepcoHaJI. 9TH }Ke CHrHaJIbI gy6JIHpyIOTC51 Ha L eHTpaJIb-
HOM JjO3HMeTpHgeCKOM LLIHTe (pac. 13), y KOTOporo Haxo,IjHTCH JIe-
>KypHbIII JI03HMCTpHCT.
Bce IIOMen eHHSI CTaHIIHH TLLIaTeJlbl-10 BeHTHJIHP ~IOTCH, B03JIYX
Bb16pacbJBaeTC5] B BbICOKyfo BbITFI)KH IO Tpy6y (cm. pxc. 1) H 6e3o-
naceH )IJISI HaceJIeHHSI oKpy}KaIoa eIi MecTHOCTH.
BHOJiornlgeCKaH 3aMIITa peax:Topa m o60PygOBaH'IH nepBHT-IHOrO
KOHTypa o6ecnegHBaeT npH pa6oTe CTaHLIIH TaKHe yCJIOBHH, nPH
KOTOPbIX B o6CJI }KHBaCMbIX fOMe eHHSIX HeT paAH(iaKTHBHoro H3-
JIyLIeHIfH.
Pa6OTa TOMHON 3JI(KTPOCTaHUHH H OHbIT
ee 3KCIi1JIyaTaLtHH
r1o;2roTOBKa K nyCKy aTOMHOII 9JIeKTPOCTaHLIHH HaT-IHHaeTCSI C
3B1IOJIHeHHH BOAOIi nepBHLIHOrO KOHTypa H naporexepaTOpoB.
FIepea nOA"beMOM MoutHOCTH BKJIIO4aIOTCH B pa60Ty IIHPIiyJISI-
LIHOHHble HaCOCbI H yCTaHaBJIHBaeTCH Hy}KHbI1i pacxo BOabI Llepe3
peaKTOp (oxoJlo 300 T B qac).
TluaTeJIbHO HPOBepFIOT BeJIHLIHHy pacxOaa BOAbl T-Iepe3 Ka}KJ[bIcl
pa60qHIi KaHaJI.
Ten.IOBbIJejTeHHe B KaHaaaX peaKTOpa HeOJIHHaKOBOe: HaH6OJIb-
Hlan MOIILHOCTb BbIaeJIHeTCH B LIeHTPaJIbHbIX KaHaJIaX, H yMeHb-
LuaeTC5 OHa K nepHq)epIIH (no paanycai). TaKHM o6pa3oM, npH
paBHblx pacxo aX BOab1 TeMnepaTypa ee Ha BbIxOAe H3 KaHaJIOB
6yaeT pa3JIH9Ha. I103TOMy AJISI BbIpaBHHBaHHSI BbIXOAHbIX TeMne-
paTyp BOJIbI HO KaHaJIaM H AJISI HOBb1LL1eHH5I o6LLIec TeMnepaTypbl
BOAbI nepBHLIHOFO KOHTypa ueJIecoo6pa3HO IIpOH3BeCTH peryJlHpoB-
Ky paCXOAa BOAbI HO MlHaJ1BM B COOTBeTCTBHH C HX MOLLIHOCTbIO.
3TO AejiaeTCfl c HOMOLLI,bIO peryaHpyfOLHHX BeHTHJIeIi pa604HX Ka-
HaJIOB.
3aTeM B pa60Ty BBOJHTCSI BCHOMOraTeJIbHafl CHCTeMa oxJIaHKae-
HHH peryJIHpVIOLHHX KHHaJIOB H oTpa}KaTeJISI, 3HepromeXaHHIECKOe
060pyaoBaHHe, aBTOMaTHKa H HpH6opbl KOHTp0JIA, a TaK}Ke CHCTe-
Ma aBapHIiHOIi 3aLLIIITbI peaKTOpa.
Floc ie 9TOrO HaqnHaeTCSI nml-beM MOLUHOCTH peaKTOpa H pa3O-
rpeB nepBHtIHOr0 H -BTOpHqHOrO TenJloHOCHTe.IeII.
foJIbeM MOU HOCTH peaKTOpa HPOH3BOJHTCH H3BJIe4eHHeM H3
aKTHBHOIi 30HbI HOIJIOFHaIOLLIHX CTep}KHeIi. IIpH HaJIHqHH B peaKTO-
pe HeKOTOPOFO KOJIHO-TeCTBa He}ITpOHOB `BCJIeACTBHe caMonpOH3-
BOJIbHOFO JIeJIeHHSi SIAep ypaHa) H3BJIeLieHHe norjIOLuafoLLIHX cTep}K-
Heli BbI3bIBaeT HapaCTaHlle IIeHHOf peaKLIHH H yBe. HLIeHHe TenJlo-
BbIJeJIeHHSI B peaKTope.
CKOpOCTb HOJf beMa MOMHOCTII peaKTOpa He OrpaHIMBaeTC51
(4H3HLIecKHMH npoueccaMH H MO)KeT 6bITb aOBOJIbHo 60JIbLHOIi.
T1paKTH4eCKH POCT MIOLLIHOCTH peaKTOpa H IOCTH>KeHHe HOMH-
HaJIbHO1i pa6owli MOLLIHOCTII CTaHLIHH onpeJe.IHeTCH BpeMeHeM pa-
3orpeBa BOJIbI, noA'bema napaMe.TpoB papa H nyCKa Typ6oreHepa-
Approved For Release 2008/03/13: CIA-RDP83-00418R007000140003-5
 Approved For Release 2008/03/13: CIA-RDP83-00418R007000140003-5
To..pa H 3aHHMaeT OKOJIO 2 Tacos, T. e. KaK H Ha 06bi4HbIX Tenjio-
BbIX 3JIeKTpOCTaHUHHX. ? - -
O6bI4HO pa3orpeB BOUb1 nepBHLIHOrO H BTOpH4HOFO KOHTYPOB
np(IH3BOUHTCfl npH MOIUHOCTH peaKTopa, paBHOI%t 5-10%; TeMne-
paTypa H jiawieHHe napa B naporeHepaTOpax ROBOAHTCH aO HOMH-
HaJ1bHbIX napaMeTpOB, T. e. ao 12,5 Clad H. 270?C. HeKOH.4HUHOH-
HbIN nap npH pa30rpeBe c6pacblBaeTCfl B nyCKOBOI3 KOHJIeHCaTOP
(Ha pHC. 7 He nOKa3aH). FIOCJIe JIOCTHN{eHHR 3aJ1,aHHbIX napaMeTJOB
nap HanpaBJIHeTCA B Typ6oreHepaTOp.
. floc.neuyK)LUHN no beM MOUJHOCTH Typ6oreHepaTOpa npoH3B0-
xHTCH:3a c4e-r xaJIbHeIIHIero H3BJIe4eHHH noriiowaiownX cTep?KHe[i
H yseJlHLIeHHH 6JIaroaaps BTOMy Ten.IOSbIJIeJIeHHH B peaKTOpe.
YBeJIH4eHHe TennlosbLaeJIeHHH B.peaKTOpe Be.xeT K yseJ1HqeHHIO
KOJIH9eCTBa napa, BbIpa6aTbIBaeMoro B naporeHepaTOpax H Huy-,
luero B Typ6oreHepaTOp. -
rlpH JI,OCTHN{eHHH Hy)KHOH MOUIHOCTH Ha Typ6orenepaTope yn-
paBJIeHHe peaKTopa nepesouHTCH c py4HOrO Ha aBTOMaTH4eCKOe.
-ABTOMaTH4eCKHI3 pery.inTOp c. 6oJlbwoI3 TO4HOCTbIO H HaLIe>KHOCTbIO
noxuepN{HBaeT 3aJIaHHyIO MOUIHOCTb CTaHUHH H cnoco6eH o6ecne-
4HTb,6ecnpepblBHyK) pa60Ty peaKTopa.
Pe~KHM pa6OTbl peaKTopa nouuepN{HBaeTca B cOOTBeTCTBHH C
BJIeKTpH4eCKoc Harpy3KOH Typ6oreHepaTOpa: C yseJIH4eHHeM
3JIeKTpH4eCKON Harpy3KH, yBeJlH4HBaeTCH I MOLUHOCTb peaKTopa;
-CHHN{eHHe 3JIeKTpH4eCKOIi Harpy3KH BJie4eT 3a co6ox CHH}Keane
MOIUHOCTH peaKTopa.
C H3MeHeHHeM MOIUHOCTI-I peaKTopa COOTBeTCTBCHHO H3MeHHeT-
C1 H pacxoji nepBHgHO13 BOUb1;npH4eM pacxoj BOUbI JIoJIN{eH 6bITb
TaKHM, 4T06b1 HOCT0HHHOF1 oCTajlacb TeMnepaTypa napa, Huyiuero
.B Typ6HHy. 17pH pa6oTe peaKTopa 4aCTb Teniia (OKOJIo 7%) Bbixe-
_Jl leTCH B rpaq)HTe. TeMnepaTypa rpaq)HTa B ueHTpe peaKTopa npe-
BbILHaeT 650?C. DTO TenJio OTBOJIHTCH H3 rpa(PHTa oxiia)Kja'i )iu
BOJIOA, K.OTOpa5i npOXOJIHT 4epe3 pa6o4xe KaHaJIbI H KaHaJIbI pert'-
. JlHpylOLLIHX CTep)KHe13.
:3a? CyTKH aTOMHa 1 CTaHUHH rip", pa6oTe Ha HOJIHYIO MOU.IHOCTb
(5 TbIC. KBr) pacxouyeT 30, a ypaxa 235.
4i-o6bI Bblpa6oTaTb CTOJIbKO, we 3JIeKTPO3HeprHH Ha yrOJIbHOII
-,CTaHUHH, HY)KHO H3paCXOJLOBaTb OKOJIO 100 T yr.lln.
- .. ;PeaKTOp aTOMHOI CTaHUHH CnocoOeH, Ha OAHO13 3a?rpy3Ke pa6o-
T,aTb Ha,nOJIHylo MOUIHOCTb B TegeHme fBYX C fOJIOBHHOt3 McCHUeB.
r1o npOUIeCTBHH 3TOrO BpeMeHH Heo6XOJIHMO 1IOHOJIHHTb 3ana-
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. XOJIOBaHHble pa6o ne KaHaJIbI H 3arpy3HTb B peaKTOp KaHaJIbI CO
CBe.>KHM 3anaCOM ypaxa. -
Ileperpy3Ka KaHaJIOB 3aHI?IMaeT 2-3 uHH H Tpe6yeT, OCTaHOBKH
,peaKTopa.
1loc.ne paCXOJIa}KHBaHHH peaKTopa pa6o4HK KaHaJi OTKJli04aeT-
-?C51 BeHTHJIHMH OT nepBH'Hor0 KOHTypa oxJIa +cIleHHH, nOJIBewHBaeT-
CH. Ha KPIOK IloXbeMHOrO KpaHa,-H3BJIeKaeTC5i, H3 peaKTopa ..H nepe-
25
Approved For Release 2008/03/13: CIA-RDP83-00418R007000140003-5
 Approved For Release 2008/03/13: CIA-RDP83-00418R007000140003-5
HOCJTCSi B pacnOJlo)KeHHoe B I1;eHTp3JibHOM 3a.Ie (cM. puc. 3) xpa-
HHJIHnje, Kyaa OTpa60TaHHbIII KaHa,TI Fi OnyCKaeTCSI.
OTpa6oTaHHble KaHaJIbI o .iiajjaloT 6OJIbuioI3 paJUHOaK'rHBHO-
CTbIO, HO3TOMY H3BJIetieHHe HX H3 peaKTOpa H TpancnopTHposka B
XpaHHJIHLue npOH3BOJIflTCfl a 1H(-TaHL1;HOHHO. flpe6bIBaHHe nepCOHa-
Jla B 3T0 BpeMH B UeHTpaJIbHOM 3a.le HeJIOnyCTHMO.
YnpaBJleHHe KpaHOM npoJ3B0aHTC5I H3-3a 3aLUHTHOIi LlyryHHO1I
Ka6HHbI, OTKy)ja LIepe3 CneuHaJIbHbie TOJICTble CTeKJIa MO KHO Ha-
6JIIIOJLaTb 3a npOH3B0aFIPIOII pa.6OTOi.
Floc ie 3arpy3KH -CBe Eero rOpIOLrerO CTaHLIHSI BOCCTaHaBJIHBaeT
CBOIO CHOCO6HOCTb pa60TaTb Ha nOJIHY1o MOU HOCTb CHOBa B TeLIe-
HHe J BYX C nOJIOBHHOfl IviecHUeB, 3aTeM onepauHA neperpy3KH Ka-
HaJioB rIoBTOp5eTC51.
IIpH YCTaHOBKe Ha aTOMHoII CTflHUHH HeCKOJIbKHX peaKTOPOB
neperpy3Ka 6yaeT Hpo1I3BOJIHTbCR noo epeaHO H He OTpa3HTC5IHa
pa6oTe cTaHUHH.
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lUaIOMHX CTepx{Helr B aKTHBHYIO 3OHY peaKTOpa, LlTO BeaeT K ape-
KpaLUeHHio uenxolI peaxuHH Jle ieHHSi Aaep ypaxa.
B 3TOM ciyLiae Typ60reHepaTOp OcTaIIaBJiHBaeTCH, a c6poc He-
KOHJ[HUHOHHOFO napa npH pacxoJlax{HBaHHH nepBHLIHOrO KoHTypa
ii riaporexepaTOpoa HPOFICXOJIHT B nyCKOSOH KoxaexcaTOp.
3a CTIeT paaHoaKTHBHOro pacnaaa OCKOJIKOB aejieHM51 nociie
OCTaHOBKH peaKTopa B HeM AJ[HTeJlbxoe BpeMfl npo,ll,oJix{aeT BbIae-
JIHTbCH TeHJIO. 3Ha4HTeJ[bHoe K0JIHLIeCTBO TerIJIa BbiaeJIITeTCS{ B nep-
Bble LraCbl nociie npeKpameHHA uenHOll peaKuHH. I1O3TOMy ocO6eH-
HOCTbIO pa60TbI aTOMHOf 3JIeKTpOCTaHUHH I1BJ15ieTC5I Heo6XOJIH-
MOCTb o6ecnegeHH51 HenpepblBHOro OXJia}KaeHHA peaKTOpa, aax{e
BO BpeMfl ero aJIHTeJTbHOA OCT2HOBKH.
AJIA o6ecnegeHHA HenpepbIBHOfi pa6OTbI UHpKyJIAUHOHHFIX Ha-
COCOB nepBHLIHOrO KOHTypa Ha CTaHUHfI YCTaHOBJIeHa aKKyMyJIA-
TOpHaA 6aTapeH. B c.lyLiae npeKpaujeHHA noaaLTH 3JIeKTp03HeprnH
OT OCHOBHOro HCTOLIHFIKa nHTaHHA aKKYMYJIATOPHaH 6arapeR MO-
3KeT o6eCneT4HTb pa6OTy gBHra-reiiefi UHpKyJIAUHOHHbIX HaCOCOB Ha
IIOHFDKeHHbIX 06opOTaX B TeLIeii e HeCKOJIbKHX LIaCOB.
nepeBOJI Ha nHTaHHe UHPKYJIAUIIOHHbIX HHCOCOB OT aKKyMyJI51-
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3HeprHH H npejjoxpaHAeT pa6oLlHe KaHaJIbI OT nepe?KOra.
Pe3epBHbIM 3JIeKTp0HHTaHHeM OT aKKyMyJIATOpH013 6aTapeH H
pa6oTalonjero OT Hee MOTOprexepaTOpa 06eCneLIHBarOTC51 TaKx