SUMMARIES OF THE YUGOSLAV PRESS

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP83-00415R012300110009-3
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: R
• Document Page Count: 296
• Document Creation Date: December 14, 2016
• Document Release Date: February 19, 2002
• Sequence Number: 9
• Publication Date: July 9, 1952
• Content Type: REPORT

FORM NO.
MA312949
COUNTRY
51.61
P '39w, ,
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CLASSIFICATION RE6TRICT.6ll
CENTHAL IN i ELL GCN64. AuENCY REPORT NO.
_2BCURITI. INE ION
INFORMATION JEPORT
Yugoslavia
SUBJECT Summaries of the Yugoslav Press
PLACE
ACQUIRED
VIVIAAiNF?.
25X1A
CD NO.
DATE DISTR. 30 July 1952
NO, OF PAGES 1
NO. OF ENCLS. 11
(LISTED BELOW)
SUPPLEMENT TO
REPORT NO.
25X1A
THIS DOCUMENT CONTAINS INFORMATION AFFECTING THE NATIONAL DEFENSE
OF THE UNITED STATES WITHIN THE MEANING OF THE ESPIONAGE ACT 50
U. S. C.. 31 AND 32 AS AMENDED. ITS TRANSMISSION OR THE REVELATION
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HIB1TED BY LAW. REPRODUCTION OF THIS FORM IS PROHIBITED
SOURCE
THIS IS UNEVALUATED INFORMATION
THIS DOCUMENT HAS AN ENCLOSURE ATTACHEDi.
f.0 CLTL1
1. Attached hereto for your retention are 11 (eleven) summaries
of the Yugoslav press..
2. Although the cover sheet is classified "RESTRICTED," the attach-
ments afe "FREE."
CLASSIFICATION RESTRICTED
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NAVY
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DISTMBLinoN
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CIA Library
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25X1X
TMSIS O_E TO ij
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DO NOT DE A
JOINT TRANSLATION SERVICE
SUMMARY OF THE YUGOSLAV PRESS
This Bulletin contains translations from Yugoslav newspapers and periodicals. It is intended for the use of
the participating missions and not for general distribution. Accuracy of the translations is not guaranteed.
25X1
No.648
P.1. Headlines
-
P.2. Headlines
Headlines
INDEX
of Borba of the 27th June
of Borba continued
of Tioli?::1.ka of the 27th June
FROM BORBA OF THE 25TH JUNE
P.3, Statement by Dr.Gruber
Yugoslav relations
FROM POLITIKA OF THE
P.20. Two years of
FROM BORBA OF THE 26TH JUNE
P.3.
P.9. A true picture of Benja Luke priests ( Artirle by Momir Kaper)
P.10, Two new classes of Officer
P.19. Now rectors of Belgrade and Ljubljana Universities
FROM POLITIKA OF THE 26TH JUNE
P.4. The problem of international transit goods
Yugoslav-Greek Tourist Convention to be signed soon
Via historical trophy in Livorno
Sentencing of Bulgarian Epics
Decree on Foreign Commercial Agencies
27th June, 1952.
to Borba correspondent on Austrian
25TH JUNE
war in Korea: Korea waits (Article by B.Dikic)
Trial of Cominform agents
uartermasters
P,5.
P.7. 7 years of the United Nations Charter (Editorial)
P.8. Bonn is satisfied with Trade Agreement with Yugoslavia: state-
ment by German Charge d'Affaires in Belgrade
FROM POLITIKA OF THE 27TH JUNE
P.8. Diplomatic visits from the Ministry of Foreign Affairs
Members of Burmese delegation visit director of Chief Planning
Administration
Appointment of Italian Political Counsellor in Trieste
*
P.11. Danube Commission: Yugoslav proposals to be considered today
or tomorrow
Yugoslav Ambassador in Paris pays official visit to Strasbourg
P.12. AFP press comment following Dr.Gruber's visit to Yugoslavia
P.13. Politika correspondent interviews Ales Bebler on work of UN
P.15. Following recent frontier incidents: Hungarian Charge
d'Affaires has his attention drawn to improper attitude of
his staff
Talks begin in Belgrade next month with International Bank
rei*Ottie6an-R@kag61260121669i143-dIA-R6POS-66.114RWiEdicOdalh to
?Ziagoslavia
over/
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FROM POLITIKA OF THE 27TH JUNE
P.16. Visit of British cruiser "Ci_a:gown to Yugoslavia: Marshal
Tito receives Lord iqountbatten
P.18. Statement by Lord Mountbatten to foreign end home press
before leaving Yugoslavia
SUPPLEMENT OF TR NSLI'iTIONS FROM TI-1 1ROVINCIAL PPSS
FROM SLOVENSKI POROCEVi.LEC OF THE 25TH JUNE
P.a. Further reference to anti-national activity of clergymen in
Tolmin
?:?;..: ? -
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HEADLINES
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POLITIKA
27th J.Ine 1952
P.1. VISIT OF BRITISH CRUISER GLASGOW TO YUGOSLAVIA MARSHAL TITO
RECEIVES LORD MOUNTBATTEN
THE WORLD IN WHICH WE LIVE: LULLABY (Leading article by
Miroslav Radoicic)
DIPLOMATIC VISITS TO THE MINISTRY OF FOREIGN AFFAIRS
P.2. POLITIKA CORRESPONDENT INTERVIEWS ALES BEBLER: THE MOST
?T=NTTNT SUCCESS OF THE UN HAS BEEN- ITS RESISTANCE TO THE
AGRESSIVE TENDENCIES OF INDIVIDUAL STATES
DANUBE COMMISSION: YUGOSLAV PROPOSALs TO DE CONSIDERED TODAY OR
TOMORROW?
,YUGOSLAV AMBASSADOR IN FRANCE PAYS OFFICIAL, VISIT TO STRASBOURG
FOLLOWING RECENT FRONTIER INCIDENTS: HUNG FAN CHARGE D'AFFAIRES
HAS HIS .ATTENTION DRAWN TO IMPROPR ATTITUDE OF HIS STAFF
Korean problem: British government session considers Korean
question, and reports of Lord Alexander and Selwyn Lloyd
Tribun __ e article sharply criticises American conduct of the
___
war in Korea
People of India amazed at bombing of electrical works on Yala
UN fighters attack- supply line
.American losses in Korea
P.3. DISCUSSION OF THE NEW ORGANISATION OF PEOPLE'S AUTHORITTES:
LECTURE BY MOSE PijADE ON FIRST DERAFT OF LAW ON THE
CONSTITUTION HELD IN BELGRADE FACULTY OF PURE MATHEMATICS
TALKS BEGIN. IN BELGRADE NEXT MONTH WITH INT-ji:RWITIONAL DANK
REPRESENTATIVES ON ALLOCATION OF SECOND PART OF LOAN TO FPRY
MEETING OF FPRY COUNCIL OF INDUSTRY AND BUILDING: DECISIONS ON
OBJECTIVES WHICH ARE TO BE GIVEN PRECEDENCE THIS YEAR
Celebration of opening of festival_gf. Hungarianminority;f(*stital
shows permanent cultural development among nungarians of
Voyvodina
New children's hospital in Ljubljana
P.4. AWA?!DS TO GENERALS ADMIRALS AND. OFFICERS OF YUGOSLAV PEOPLE'S
ARMY
AUSTRIAN DELEGATION OF DENTISTS IN YUGOSLAVIA
In Boka Kotorska celebration of Yugoslav Navy prepared: memorials
to be unveiled in historical spots
Yugoslavia will take part in UNESCO International Conference for
Public Education: Miter Litxovic and Professor Slevka Kratki
will go as delegates
MEMBERS OF BURMESE DELEGATION VISIT DIRECTOR OF CHIEF PLANNING
ADMINISTRATION
Japanese woman writer on a visit to Ljubljana
Regulations on adjustment of import and export prices: how much
the enterprises increase their profit depends On their getting
higher prices for exports and more.favoble ones for imports
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P.3. Question for discussion: cherlsts shops - he:1.1th institutions
and not tradin2, erterprises (article by Dusan M.Nesic end
Milena K.Milovanovic)
P.6. Conferenca of Belgrade Anti-tascist Women's Leac5ue
P.8. STATEMNT BY LORD KGUNTBATTEN TO FOREIGN AND HOME PRESS EEFORE
HIS LEPARTURE PAOM YUGOSLAVIA
*
Iorking party (Socialist) triumphs in Dutch parliamentary
elections
security Council adopts agenda
.? PHES5 CUitNT FOLLOWING Dft.GRUBER'S VISIT TO
YUGOE,LAVIA
iiPPOINTik,ENT OF ITALIAN POLITICAL COUNSELLOR IN TRIESTE
*
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Q CONIMORM AGENTS
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Yesterday the Council of the Regional Court for the city of Belgrade
beafied- by Aleksander Hadji-Popovic as President, pronounced sentences on
Cominform agents Mirko Jugovic, former Director of the "Juspad" shipyard,
Mirko Trampi, the former Administrative Officer at "Juspad", Cveja Djuxdjevic,
steersman at the Yugoslav River Sh*pilag Agency, and Bozidar Davie, ship
engineer at the Yugoslav River Shipping Agency. The Assistant Public
Prosecutor of the PPRY Vladimir Zutic acted as Public Prosecutor.
At the trial it was confirmed that from October 1948 to the beginning
of 1952 the defendants conducted hostile propaganda against our country.
The defendant Mirko Jugovic had, apart from that, from November of
1948 to May 1949, submitted various information of secret nature to the
Russian engineers Leonid Kudirski and Pavel Gavrilovic Turcin on the
situation in our river crafts, coal mines, quality and variety of coal,
and in addition to this, he also acquainted Pavel Gavrilovic Turcin
on confidential matters on some of factories in our country.
The following sentences were pronounced: Mirko Jugovia was sentenced
to 17 years' strict imprisonment and restrictions on civil rights for four
years, Mirko Trampa to 9 yearst strict imprisonment and restrictions on
civil rights for 2 years, Oveja Djuxdjevic to 7 years' strict imprisonment
and restrictions on civil rights for 2 years, and Bozidar Savic to four
yearst strict imprisonment with restrictions on civil rights for 1 sear,
(BORA, June 26, 1952)
"THE RELATIONS BETWEEN AUSTRIA AND YUGOSLAVIA ARE DEVELOPING IN A
FAVOURABLE DIRECTION" - SAYS Dh.GRUBER TO "BORBA'S" CORRESPONDENT
(Brioni, 24th June)
At the request of our correspondent, Dr.Grub answered
exclusively for Borbti several questions which were put to him.
aatstion: Could Your Excellency tell us something concerning
new moments in the development of the international situation in
Europe and how you look at them?
Answer: I believe that the international situation is on the
way --67-17?put into motion after years of stagnation. Thus there
'is a possibility to create new and eventually more favourable
conditions for the future,
Question: What will the Austrian Government attempt to do in
order to contribute to an an rapid as possible realisation of the
State Treaty concerning Austria? '
Answer: The Austrian Government btra:ves that the Austrian
State Treaty should be solved by way of diplomatic negotiatIons,
so that finally occupation of Austria might endt which is
deprived of every legal basis and which is lasting for the past
seven years. If direct negotiations between the four great
powers do not show timely results which we expect, we intend to
present.a11 these problems before the United Nations, On account
of this, we expect the powerful influence of world public opinion
to help us in this intermediary action by the United Nations, we
particularly rely and we' strive. to get the'sdppOrt of states who
are outside bloch., and who are in the position to stress particu-
larly their word in support of our rause.
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a,
Q4e_stion: What is Your Excellency's --opinion concerning future
prospects of economic and cultural relations between Austria and
Yugoslavia?
Answer: The economic structure of both the countries, supple-
mentt,pq4 other. in a most haruonious canner in different sectors.
Ther'eplI conditions for future building-up and strengthening of
trade exchange between Austria and Yugoslavia, namely a development
which will be of interest to both the countries, The cultural
relations which are continuing to develop favourably are creating
a foundation for better undorstaneLng between the peoples of both
the countries and for this reason particular care will be paid to
them
22east4on: Your Excellenci stayed in lueoslavia in pre-war
days. could you tell us something, about your ia-iprezoions of our
country?
Answer: As I stayed only in pre-war days in Yugoelavia as a
tourist 1 can cnly sae that the beauties ofiour country ad the
cordiality of our men have again eade a eret dacpression on me,
The warm welcome, the cordial 'eoeeitality which was accorded to me
by the Yugoslav GoyernTent will make these days a most pleasant
memory. i?fter all, I have geiened t:le impression that Yugoslavia
has overcome its economic difficulties.
(Sd.) NENAD STAVJEL
r 1
25th June 19)21.
YllakLAV-GREEKTUTT CONIsiT1ON
It is eresumed that the Tauriae Convention between YuEbela7ia
and Greece, whose de-aft has b2.en accepted by the official rceresen-
tative for tourism of both the countries will be signed at the
beginning of August of this year.
The draft of the conventionleas been elaborated at the
beginning of this month in Aahens it the meetenz of tourist repre-
sentatives of Yugoslavia and Greece. At this neting it was.
decided to introduce an omnibus- line- Athens-Dubrovnik-l_thons, which
will pass through the most interesting tourist_regions on the way.
In Yugoslavia the autobuaes will tass through Djevdjelia, Skoplje,
Pc, Kolasin and threugh Tito7rad and Cetinje to Dubrovnik.
(1DOITTpT,A, - 26th June, 1952).
THE e'ROBLEM OF INrUeiNATIONAL aRArsiT UCD3
At a conference held recently in Athens, the representatives
of the Railway Directorate of Western Germany, -Italy, FT, Greece,
Turkey and Yugoslavia reached an agreement on tariffs for the trans-
port of eacoress goode.
Thia ne*eagreement, which will rz.oSt probably come .into force
in. Beptemberhseeteen approved also by the representatives of the
Austrian State Railways.
The present separate agreements concerning the transit of
exoress goods between Yugoslavia and iestern Germany and Austria,
Italy and the FTT, have been substituted by this unique agreement,
which has been joined by Greece snd Turkey. in this way, the Rail-
way Firectoratesof Greece and Turkey, who have 8 months ago cut
off railway transeortuin'Julgaria,eeill Le- Tot the first time
after the war, through our country, direct ti e-dt eaenecticns for
express geods with Wester- Germany, Austria, Italy aid the FTT.
(Tanjug)
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VIS HISTORICAL -TROPHIES IN LIVORNO
(Split, 25th June)
The Municipal People's Committee of the 'Island of Via requested
the Italian authorities to retiern historical trophies - a memorial
tombstone, a silver laurel wreath end a. painting "The Battle ?Vie
in 1886", which the Italian military authorities during the first
and second world wars took, from the island, The trophies were
placed in the Vis cemetery and represented a memorial-of-the victory
of the British fleet over the French and Italian ones,. Many sailors
from Vis took part in this battle on account of whose heroic deeds
in this battle the Island of Vis got as a remembrance a silver laurel
wreath and on the grave of the dead a large memorial tombstone with
a sculptured lion was set up,
The authorities of the Vis Island have been informed recently
by their compatriots, who have later em-.247,-:Tied, that the figure of
the lion together with the memorial terastone arc to be found in
Ljvorn
(POTITITCA 26th June 1952).
SENTENCING OF BULGARIAN SPIES
(Vranje, 25th June)
After a trial which lasted several days, the Regional Court in
Vranje yesterday sentenced a group of members of the illegal organi-
sation "Tako", who, according to directives of the Bulgarian State
Security Service and the Bulgarian Embassy in Be]grado collected
data of a political and military character, Milko Artakijev was
sentenced to 8 years, Peter Garrilov to 5 (..n,4other5sven
defendants received time sentences ranging from 1 to 3 years'hard
labour.
All the condemnedpersons are citions of Bulgarian nationality,
(Sd.)
(FOLITIhm - 20tn June, 1952).
DECREE ON FOREIGN COMMERCIAL AGENCIES
The Federal Government has issued a new decree concerning
foreign commercial agencies according to which transact=aons of the
agency are regulalated in a new manner. Thus the present regulations
concerning the foreign trade agencies in the former three decrees
have ceased to be in force.
In the future on the territory of the FPRY the agencies will
do their transactions through agencies of economic enterprises and
other economic organisations on the basis of a permit which is issued
by an organ of the ? Foreign Trade Section of the Ministry of Foreign
Affairs. ? These bodies, when they get their permit for work will
conclude with foreign commercial enterprises 6cntrets concerning
agencies. The activities of the agencies ocni cfetra:e.-sectien'of
all business in the name and for the account of the foreign enter-
prise which precede the conclusion of a contract concerning the
lbuying and selling of goods, a contract concerning services, then
execution of service transactions, technical and other services and
the sale of goods The decree has provided for a penalty up to
200,000 dinars in case the agency, economic enterprise or
other economic organisation transacts business without a permit or
prior to the approval of the contract,
(POLITIKA - 26th June, .l952)
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SEVEN YEARS OF THE UNITED NLT1ONS C7nkRTER
Nearly seven years have passed since the charter of the
Organisation of the United Nations wes signed by 5 represen-
tatives of the United Nations at the conference at San Francisco.
The representatives of most the countries in the world
and the whole peacoloving humanity met the creation and signature
of the Charter with great enthusiasm. To safeguard the world
from another bloodshed, to help the nations to live in good-
neighbourly relations in peacetime, tolerance and free6cm w''re
and remained the foundations of the Charter of the Organisation
of the United Nations.
Seven years ropres.snt a sufficient period of time in order to
make bne see the suceeF,s o.4 failure of an undertaking, Particu-
larly so when it ie the question of an undertaking '.Those main
objective is the protection of pzace in the worlrl, From his point
of view, the Organisation of the United Nations as justified its
exi stance, It was proved th:t the Icy of :ii. 'S cf people was
not in vain when they heard the words a6n2.rensod to the world frem t
the tribune of the War Vetercnst Buildinv in an. Francisco;
"Ko, member nations of the United Nations have decided to
protect the future generations from ravagee o1. war which twice
during our lifetime caused imm,isurable misc,-y to humanity and to
strengthen again the belief in .;11.3 bac huiean rights, in the
dignity and value of the persorLaity of mane.?"
The ereanisation of the United Vanions on created on the
bitter experiences of the League of Nations, It Was known that
words thrown on the)a.,)er, however solemn they might Fee:n, are not
sufficient to protect oeace in the world. And this very recog-
nition of this fact was the best sign that th'..:3.,:213w e: sion
from the very first days of its eistn;:.e avnieled going astray,
Mce-nries
of Abynsinia, Munich, aed all !het happened after-
lernrns wns still fresh in the minds of people who in the name of
their nations signed the Charter.
The Organisation of the United Nations was t,ut to a hard trial
by the exoansionist policy of the USI when it spureed Toreh Korea
2 years ago to enter into an aggressive adventure. Thi!l. was the
most mean ctte=t to undermne the Organiation of the United
Nations and peace in the werl,i. The Soviet Union, whose represen-
tative at the conference in San Francisco, after the signature of
the Charter and the creation of the Organisation of tha United
Netionsl.setdethat"ueaceloving rations which in this war suffered
enormously put their hepes in the newly-created international
organ wnich will be abe with collentive power to prevent a repe-
tition of a new traeedy of humanity" - hai the attempt to
credit this cxranisation in cne move and kill faith which people
sand states ';ne in it.
However, the account is wrong. The United Nations have not
yilded before this threate A blow was answered by a blow.
Aggression was stopped however at the price of great sacrifices
arid the aggressor and those who spi.T,-ed.him to aagression have
received a wc11-earned lesson slid 1ith it the confirmation that -
so .long as the United Nations are uaited in the defence cf common
interests and the basic principles of the Cnarter, aggression is
not a profitable affair. The Korean a dventure has opened the
eyes also of those men who, lulled by Soviet propaganda, believed
that the U6eR does not desire war. And they have become :?
convinced that the threads of "cold" and "warm' war start flora
Moscew and that only collective co-nperetirl nrd the decisiveness
of the pcaceloving nations can supress eveie. a: tempt et aggression
and prevent a new world w-r,
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But in Korea precisely, where the Organisation of the United
Nations has shown so mud-2 dei OS in preventing aggression,
a shadow appeared on its road whioh is worrying the world
seriously. Aggression has ben prevented --peace nas not been
set up) although negotiations concerning its conclusion have been
.going on for more than a year, And therefore a2peared the
opinion that the United Natinns were ready to prevent aggression -
but that they were not proparcd to set up peace also, This was
followed also by events around Singhman Rhee and on the Island of
Koje. Let us hope that. the United. Nations will overcome also
these difficulties which will represent only a transitory shadow
on the road of honour to protect peace in the werido
The Organisation of the United Nations took care to make it
possible. fr olonial and sem:'.-colori61 peoples to start on the
road of development both ecomic and political, in order that they
mivht find one day their aa among the free and. independent
ntn:QII5.0 It helped under-developed countries to come out of misery
and poverty. ? And if in these attempts it was ntfronted by hind-
rances, they came from those people who cannot peace easily
with the fact that the cA'.'a of colonialism is disappearing,
Foum years of hostile p licy Tr.j? the Soviet Union and its
satellites against Yugoslavia, four years of threats) pressure and
provocation - represent alsc the years of hostile and undermining
policy of the USSR against the Organisation of the United Nations.
If peace is indivisible and the common idea of all the nations in
the world - and we believe in it - then every illegal act against
?a member is directed at the same time against the other member
nations of the Organisation f the United Nations.
Yugoslavia defended always the principles on which reposes the
Organisation of the United Nations. She never missed the occasion
to stand up against every attempt which had the intention of
damaging .the reputation of the United Rations. Yunslavia is today
also of the opinion that only through the Organisation of the
United Nations and with its help on.: r:-?.J:n solve all international
disputes which cannot be solved by direct honest negotiations
between the interested parties , On these principles, Yugoslavia
will continue to co-operate- unselfishly and tirelessly in the
future.
(Sd.) V.Dj,
(POLITIKA - 26th June, 1952).
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BONN IS nATISFIED WITH TRADE AGRLEMENT WITH YUGOSLAVIA: STATEMENT
BY THE GERMAN CHARGE D' AiiAIRES MR. neRDET!ERG,,,,
The German charge d' effairas in Belgrade who returned to Belgrade
after an official visit to Bonn, said tn the diplomatic correspondent
of the !ees that the Bonn official circles and the German Embassy
in 'B,eflg:cane art exremely satisfied with the concluded trade agree-
menthe'rederal German Republic and Ynnoslavia. The Count NnTe. Harden-
berg,tht this agreement will serve to increase without hindx&nces
the goods exchange between the two countries.
The German Embassy is convinced - as ;eunt von Eardenleerg ,5eele.nsd
- that in the spirit of international understan4in3, the strenghtening
of cultural and political relations will be reached and that he be-
lieved that at the end of the Sanimer Dotn the Yugoelav end German
Governments will come forward with prooen7s for the e21ution of de-
tailed technical questions 1?1 connection with the further development
of relations between Germany and lugoslavna. ( Yugospress ).
( POL7iII1 June 261 1952 ).
DIfTiOiVTIC VISITS TO THE hINISTRI OF FOREGN
Yesterday Mr. Knut Like, Norwegian Linisner in,Belgrade, paid
a farewell vilit to the Deputy inister ef Foreign Affairs, Veljko
Vlahovic, At the same ti ree he wus receivel by Assistant "inister of
Foreign Affairs, Bogdan Crnobrnja.
At one o'clock Veljko fiahnvic neceived the newly appointed
Burmese Charge d'Affaires U Tin Aaupgreifa/ who arrived .n;Belgrade
the day beforc'yesterday, U Tin Maung Jija was then received by
Josip Djerdja, ambassador in the Ninistry of Foreign Affairs
(r,'OLITIXA - 27th June 1952)
if_EiBERS OF BURMESE DELEGi-.TION VISIT DIRaTOR OF CilIEF FLiNNING
AUnINISTRATION
Representntives of the political and economic life of Burma,
members of the aarmese delegation wno arrived in Belgrade en 24th
June, yesterday paid a visit to .he Direetor of the Chief Planning
Administretion of the FRY, Vlaejka Begovic.
Lest niFht one section of the delegation set off for Zajrcb,
while the second half remained te spend a week in Belgrade, During
this time they will vJ s.t more enonomic nnd nolitieal institutions
and will get to know the etneture.cf onn udninistraticn-and various
organiseLionnl and economid questione. (Tanjug)
(POT,ITIKA - 27th June 1952)
APPOINTYENT OF ITiiLI;,N POLITIC;.L COUNSELLOR IN TRIESTE
TTrieste 26th-Jilne)
The former Italian 'onsul in New York, Aldo Mario Macio, has
been appointeu _Italian political counsellor in New York
The former Diretcor-General of Civilian Offices, General John
Uajtlo has relinquished his post and leaves Triests (:)/. Sunday.
(POLITIvA - 27th June)
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A TRUE PICTURE OFj3A1:11:LALUA PRl:STS
Milan Mirkovic, former man of property and owner of la
drugstore in the town, died recently in Banja Luka. A case
which otherwise would not be worth mentioning, had not some
reactionary elements used his funeral as a platform for
fanning chauvinism and inciting against the people's aut.?=ity
and the newYugoslavia. In order to make this clearer to us
we mustbe acquainted with the truth about Milan Mirkovic,
Before the war he was well known.nrhis misbehaviour as a
son of a rich man, and during the Ustashi government, while
thousands of innocent men were beheaded, he came to Belgrade
without any troubles, whore he received from Lbs hands of
Nedic's supporters and the Germans the drugstore of the family
Trojkovic, which was killed by the Germans in a ruthless manner.
In this way he earned during the war as much as before,
After the liberation he continued with speculations and
hostile work contacting with one of the moot cunning Chetnik
organisers Branko Lazio, who then - in 1946 - was hiding in
the woods. Mirkovic aided him and sent him various messages
and information. That is why he was brought' before the court
and sentenced to ten years of innriso=ent. Later on he was
set free and got a situation as a druggist at Sanski Mosto
To such a man with an obscure past the Banja Luka priests
have organised a funeral, and 6.?very unusual one '
witheoverall aid and participation of the remnants of the
Great Serbian circles. TweiVe priests headed by the Bishop
Vasilj Kostic took part in the funeral, They abused the custom
that speakers are listened to at funerals and over the grave
of this traitor propagated against socialist Yugoslavia,
-Bishop. Vaailj Kostic,-well known from previous times asa
chauvinist and reactionary, made use of this o'Tortunity to
show his devotion to that to which he was most devoted in the
course of the ?last war, -organtsng Jhetnik bands and blessing
them for all crimes which they have committed.
Priest Djordje Vranjesevic and attorney Ljubo Popovic
held "funeral orations" ? in which in -a skilful manner. and
Th a priest's manner extolled to the skies this Chetnik,
fanning ?chauvinism and slyly blaspheming the victims and shed
blood of the people in the fight against the occupier and his
servants.
The teacher Milenko Koprivnica, collaborator of Draza
Mihajlovic, immediately after the priest's speech said:. "This
is the best priest that we have both as a Serbian and as a
great Orthodox". Priest Vranjesevic spoke as to incite
chauvinists to pour still more poison of chauvinism and to
encourage them in this,.
Addressing the audience attorney Ljubo Popovic also spoke
about Mirkovic only in superlative stressing that this is an
irremediable loss for all of them. And who are "they"? Whom'.
did he think of? This also is absolutely clear, He thinks
about the remnants of the Great Serbian bonrgeoisie which is
deprived of power and about this' handful of miserable city
politicians who make use of every suitable moment for creating
confusion and trickeries and for spreading false information
and hostile slogans.
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The brethren were joined by Miraika Miljevic former
president of the district people's committee of Sanski Most.
Beine: a chauvinist the company of Mirkcvic with whom he spent
hours and days drinking coffee and raky created a striking
impression upon him. This man who is now a loose character
and is connected with reactionery elements from the town,
represents an evident example how they are trying to entangle
into their net the demoralized Aidividuals, even if they -
participated in the eeopie's lihere7,ion Strug71eo
Such ?nen showing honour to -Uee Ctetnik Mirkovic by .some
rriestsetri Great Serbian chauviAises offends VIE- 1:atriotic
feelings of men of cyceo cety ad outrages those relmeruo victims
who fell in tie strueezie agaonst the oceupiers areo traitors.
The reoola G-P this part knows weel tae true Character of
the Banjaluka priests whict eame to :bee.:t. this time too. And
that is why it received with indination their 1est hostile
actions against the brotherhood 6co utv of or peoples,
against our country and the praize of the traitor and to the
dark days of our past.
The Party organisation only after tte event reacted and
together with other organisations she:71y condmened and
unmasked the activities of hostile elements at the funeral of
ilan i:drkovic. There is no doub-':, tLat it cnld in due time
foresee this and to prevent those men to use the funeral as
a platform for their hostile work. /s/ Mtoirir Kepor
.A4-3A - 26th June, 1952
I EW_C4A..5, C41,fICER 9U.A.RTER:aide.c.1.:.,
The new class of cadets of the lower ranking school of
quartermasters' academy and attendants of quartermasters'
school completed their training (III June 21 at the quartermaster
school centre - reports Xaro6eli Armida. The cadets scored very
good results in their Anal examinations.
(err army will have new experts who will assist its further
development. The cadets enriched theer knowledge in the course
of three years' training. After the first year they have
visited nomerous enterprises of textile, food,timber en j other
industries in certain parts of our country, accuainting the2-
selves with thetPohnical process of prodection of those articles
with which they will deal in their future work.
In addition to this they twice spent a certain time in
training with troops. ever 20% of the cadets received ,.n-ift'-en
ecclat=inC.ations from commanders of those units in whidri thyf;&pent
-nonth of training.
- 26th June, 1952
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DANUBE COMMISSION: YUOOELAV P.',O_PCSAL TO BE CONSIDERED TODAY
OR TOMORROW
The first item on the agenda has been discussed at the
Sixth Session of the Danube Commission at Galac - representatives
of member countries submitted reports on the state of navigation
routes on their sectors on the Danube, The commission began to
consider the second item on the agenda - the question of co-
ordination between hydro-meteorological services in the Danube.
Both questions are mainly of technical character. However the
greatest attention is attracted by the third item: the Yugoslav
proposal on revision of the rule of procedure of the Danube
Commission and the statute on organising the secretariat' and
bodies of the Commission. It is expected that the discussion on
this question will begin en Friday or Saturday.
At the first meeting of the Commission on Monday, the
majority without any discussion adopted to consider the Yugoslav
proposal.
For the time being, the discussion could be condcted only
about the Yugoslav draft rule of procedure of the Danul.e Commission
because it not yet be seen that some other draft exists Never-
theless, the possibility is not excluded that the majority will
submit its draft rule of procedure. The session of the Commission
unfolds very slowly, especially since the question of co-ordination
of hydro-meteorological services on the Danube is being 'considered.
After the report of the secretariat.about this question at
yesterday's meeting of the Commission, a special working group
has been convened, whose two pevious sessions were characterized
by detailed reports of experts of the majority.. Last night's
meeting of the working group lasted throe hours, and today it
lasted the whole morning. Another meeting has been convened for
the afternoon. .A lively contact between the delegation of the
Soviet majority, whose chiefs are often together has been noticed
at this session.
In case that the Soviet majority in the Danube Commission
does not appear with its draft rule of procedure, it is expected
that some other way will be chosen for the fight against the
Yugoslav demand. The Soviet majority may outvote that this question
should be adjourned for the next session or, probably for some
extraordinary session.
(POLITTYA - 27th June, 1952)
YUGOSLAV AMBASSADOR IN PARIS PAYS FT:TCIAL VISIT TO TaAsTonG
The Yugoslav Ambassador in Paris Srdjan I'rica paid an
official visit to the city of Strasbourg and on that occasion
handed to the Strasbourg University a collection of books as
his personal gift to the chair of Slav langw,ges. After arriving
at Strasbourg, Ambassador Prica visited the prefect of the lower
Rhine department, M. Demange, Military (,overnor General Aubrun and
the Mayor Frey. Prefect Demange in honour of Ambassador Prica
gave a formal luncheon which was attended by distinguished
alities of the political, economic and cultural life of Strasbourg.
At the ceremony w3eich was held in the hall of the Strasbourg
University, Ambassador Irica in the presence of the Dean and
professors of all faculties, handed the banks te the
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representatives of the Strasbourg University. On that occasion,
he held a speech in which turning to the significant contribution
of thr Strasbourg University to the Yrench science and culture,he
stressed tnat the Strasbourg Lnive,-sty was one of the first in
France which organised the study of the lanouages and culture of
the Yugoslav peoples.
Dean of the Faculty of Arts in Strasbourg M. Simon warmly
thanked for the gift, exPressing the wish that the cultural
co-operation between Yugoslavia and France will continue and
widen.
After the ceremony the Dean of the Strasbourg University
gave a formal recepcicn, attended by tie reereeentetiTes of the
cultural and poLitical life of Strasbourg. The 14lit.ary Goverror
of Strasbourg, General Aubrun held a formal recen-tion in honour
of ,,mbassaior Erica.
Tho second day of his stay in Strasbourg, Amtessa'-or Prica
gove a formal luncheon in honour of the reeresentatives of civilian
and military authorities, as well as for the representatives of
political, economic ad cultural life in Steasteurg.
Returning from Strasbourc,:, Ambassador Prica aleo visited
the city of Metz.
(FCLlTIKA - 27th June, 1952)
A6ENCE FRANCE PRESSE CO7tMENT FOLLO4ING DR. GRUBM'S VISIT TO
-717'7'57' VIA
e, the special corresnondert of the Agence France Presse
reports, in the well informed circles of the Austrian capital
it is underlined that the Austrian delegation which accompanied
the Ninister of Foreign Affairs Dr, Karl Ureter, got excellent
impressions from Yugoslavia. About the results of the neq;otiations
which will be manifested in te immediate future, the following
could be said, according to the opinion of these circles: a border
traffic on a small scale will be established without delay; the
Yugoslav authorities in co-operation with Austrian authorities
will at once start with the buil:,.ing of bridges whh nave been ?
destroyed between these two-countri4srusDrian peasants will be able
to cultivate their land on the Yulav terrotiry; the last i.ustrian
war prisoners in Yugoslavia will soon be set free.
The spirit of mutual understanding - continues the correspondent
wes certainly feunded on the similarity of intereets and position
of Austria and Yugoslavia. Although they do not belong to any
bloc these countries are not neutral. ln addition they have very
long common borders and common interests, which are resulting
from their geographical positi?n in tha Danube basin.
(PUI.ITIKA - 27th June, 1952)
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13
OP.
?POLITIKM,CORRESPONDENT INTERVIEWS iLEP3 BEBLER: THE NOST IMPORTANT -
ST= OF THE UN liAS BEEN-ITS RESISTANOL TO V717-TVIT-7-7-7-7
TENDENCIES OF INDIVIDUAL STATES
Politika's correspondent in New York paid a call On Dr. Ales
Bebler, Yugoslavia ,s permanent delegate at the United :Tationsilndfl
requested'him'to answer some?current questions for Polticas rea-
ders. Dr. Bebler complied with this request and ex7.1ained at the
beginning the most important successes obatined so far by the United
Nations and concerning the future oft-this organisation in the struggle
for peace.
- The greatest present success of the United Mations. - Dr. 3ab1er
Said - is no doubt the stopping of aggression in Korea,
Dr. Beb1r. reminded in a few sentences how the League of Nations
acted on similar occasions - during the Japanese Eo7gression in Chine,
the German.italian intervention in Spain; Italian aggression in
Ethiopia and in Albania and explained 1.whe.- tnueoetoleuen'es of such
a weak policy by the League?of Nat ons were, Only whe1 ! one has this
in mind2one1oir4e of what importance was the United Nations,
decisive attitude in regard to aggression in Korea,
-- It is also of great importance - continued Dr. Bebler - that
the United Nations took-up such a. positive attitude in regard to Yu-
goslavia. In 1948/49 we found ourselves in the same position as
Czechoslovakia. in 1938 or at least in a similar .position. While the
then major protagonists of the League of Nations lent a hand to
aggressive Germany and executed the ?division of Czechoslovakia, the
United latiots , on the other hand, gave, us moral support and oven
elected Yugoslavia to the Security Council;- -And in this case.
also, the United Nations acted rightly and helped to save j1-1J?inp.y-
dependence of a country over whom a great power is exerting pressure.
- In one word - Dr, Bebler underlined -. the most important successes
of the 'United Nation's are-ttieja-successes.in offering resistance to
aggressive tendencies of individual states, In this way, the United
Nations have no doubt contributed to the safeguard of Peace. As the
United Nations have chosen their road and have remained consistent
in the respect of the principles that violence cannot be employed
in relations between states, then they can have a great future as
an organiser of good neighbourly- relations between all nations.
- The interview with Dr. BebIer coincided with ? the second anniver-
sary of the breaking out of the Korean conflict. Taking advantage of
this pircuzaatance Politika's correspondent requested Dr. Bebler
.to say something concerning the situation in Korea,
- Prospects for a early conclusion of an armistice- seem to me
extremely remote - Dr, k3ebler replied.- but a new breaking out of
hostilities on land, seem - at least to me as improbable. In other
words, the blind alley in negotiations can go on for quite a while,
and yet one day a way out will have to be found. As I have said already
once, I? think that an agreement concerning the main conflicting question
could be discovered, ifas a basis were taken two generally recognised
_principles of International Law; the principlee of returning war
-prisoners, namely the duty of the conflicting parties to repatriate
prisoners after the conclusion of peace, and the principletht every
?man, bpth civilian and military, has the right to demand asylum, as
well as the right of every state to accept such a request (not duty
but thohbight).
Dr.Bebler referred for a while to two years ago and recalled that
in autumnof 1950, at the session of the General Assembly, the Yugo-
slav Rinister of .Foreign ? Affairs, Edvard Kardelj, proposed in the
name of Yugoslavia a cease fire on the 38th-parollel, which was also
proposed previously by the Security Council, and that the Soviet Union
only a year later agreed td_tit.;_b7.1t. only in principle.. Since that
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acceptance a year has already pessed and there is no c ease fire in .
Korea.
- It came out - Dr.13ebler said - that the Soviet Government in
fact carried over the battle from the military on. the diplomatic
terrain, continuing to exploit the Korean conflict which it provoked
itself as a oressure on Western'i'OWJ:2S end upon 'all other countries
outeofiLseroaeh?,
The next question put to tr.Bebler referred to the present
greateet weaknesses and difficulties in- the work Of the UN,
DreBebler replied that the main weaknees of this organisation
represents its indecisiveness and lukeearm eetitude in regard to
general human progress, beeh in political international relations
es well as in the social-economic field, According te his opinion,
the UN could be much bolder in raid to internateonal economic
co-operation and aid to undevelooed countries and 3u-called non-
self-governing territories, Prectf.eal results ie reee:'d are
still very far ewey to justify tLe hope3 which the lee:cries of
dependent and under-deeelopee countries put in the United Nations.
- Yrom the economic pcint ef view - Dr,beieler said - more could
be done although indiviuual agenciee of he United lations, such as
ere Technical Aid, the international Chil&ren's Fund, the eorld
Health Organisation and ethers in their sectors have shown increas-
ing efficiency. 2/3 of humanity lives in irelescritable misery and
the peoples which are considered at present as the most under-
develoeed ones were not al e a* a whole to feel ths aid of the
international community carried through Ulsited Nations.
fter that Dr.Eetler expressed his opinion concerning the
session of the Econcmic-Social Council end concerning ths secept-
ence of the resolution whicn wasy amongst other things, proposed
elso by our country, Dr.eetler said that this resolution, which
erovioes for a new agesAcy of the UN - international Fund for
'conomic Development of Unnevelope:: Countries - repreeents an
lmoortant sLep in helping under-developed regions. member nations
of the United Nations, according to this project, invest their
contributions in the fund for which under-developed countries will
receive financial aid in the form of presents or in the form of ?
long-term credits with a low rate of interest.
- If this project is achieved - Dr?ebler added - that will
mean an enormous step furtner in international relations, because
by it the flowing of monetary means between developed into under-
developed countries will begin witl.out these negative accompanying
occurrences wnich in such cases art poesible, In other words,
international solidarity will reach the level of a real, permanent
end filly unselfish economic aid by developed countries to the
under-develoeed ones.
et the end, our correspondent requested Dr.detler to spy some-
thing about the future activities of our delegatjen at the UN, and
particularly concerning Lite ierthcoming session, of the General -
Assembly this autumn. The next General Assembly, according to
Drenebler's opinion will be extremely important, perhaps even more-
so than all the present ones.
- It seems to me - :nr.Bebler said - that the international
tension is so high, and on the other side concrete unsolved prob-
lems wrich poison the international atmosphere - Korea, Germany,
have matured so much, that the General Assembly should and must
bring imQ.ortant solutions wnich would cut some of the present
Gordian knots. These anticipations could be realised, of course,
only if at the session a supportable atmosehere peevailed. We
shall most certainly play again a positive role and will contribute
- according to our possibilities - to sensible and corresponding
solutions in the spirit of the Charter of the United Nations. I
would like to add, by the way, th-t I hop that this time also
Comredes Kardelj and DAilas will ee with ee at the next session of
the GeApprniveiMstailklise -001108/1464WRN5ai-timi - conclu-
ded Dr .bebler
(Sd.) DJUKe,JULIUS
IDeliTMTVA
?-?
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FOLLOWING THE
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RECENT FRONTIER PROVOCATIONS: ATTENTION DRAWN TO THF
PUNGA A, C (.6 D? 1 g BECAUS-E7UF
OF HIS STAFF
It is learned that the Hungarian Charge d'Affaires was yesterday
called to the Foreign Ministry of the FPRY, where the Director of
Section Kiro Hadjivasiljev drew his attention to the unusual and
impermissible attitude of officials of the Hungarian Legation in
Belgrade in connection with the handing-over of the Yugoslav Note
of protest of 25th June.
As it is known, the Hungarian Charge d'Affaires refused the day
before yesterday to pay a call to the Ministry of Foreign Affairs,
although he had previously accepted the invitation. In the same
way, he ordered officials of the Hungarian Legation to refuse to
receive the Yugoslav Note which was on 25th June sent three times
during the afternoon by e courier to the Hungarian Legation, It
was pointed out to the Hungarian Charge d'Affaires that such imper-
missible acts in diplomatic practice can have only unfavourable
consequences and that the Ministry expects that the Hungarian Charge
d'Affaires will undertake all measures in order to prevent in future
such behaviour of officials of the Hungarian Legation towards the
Yugoslav Ministry of Foreign Affairs, (Tanjug)
(POLITIKA - 27th June, 1952).
TALKS BEGIN IN BELGRADE NEXT liDNTH tid7T-1 INTr]liNATJONI,L BLNK
REPRESENTATIVES ON SECOND P.RT OF LOA TO YUCTOSLAVIA
In the middle of next month the representatives of the Inter-
national Bank will meet in belgrade with our financial experts.
On this occasion the allocation of the seccn art of the loan
which the International Bank will give to Yugoslavia will be dis-
cussed.
The first part of the loan was aoproved at the beginning of
October 1951 when 28 million dollars were allocated to Yugoslavia.
In the past 8 months our country has concluded an agreement with
different countries out of which Yugoslavia will buy equipment for
key objectives on the basis of this loan. Our country will buy
in the USA installations to the value of 4,814.4,000 dollars, from
Western Germany for 5,316,000.dollars, from France for more than
104509W00-dbilars. Belgium, Great Britain, Denmark and Holland
come after the above-mentioned countries in regard to value of
goods to be bought from the first pert of the loan.
The amount of the second part of the loan which we will get from
the International Bank for balancing our payments balance is not yet
known. In order to obtain its balance by 1955, it is desirable -
that the International Bank should allocate in good time asogreatoas
loan as possible because our country in the whole programme of the
construction of key objectives still needs equipment for about 80
million dollars. Therefore from the volume of financing the
building of this remaining part depends also the balance of our
balance payments and in this way the further Pronomic strengthening
of Yugoslavia.
(POLITI,KA - 27th June, 1952).
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VISIT OF BRITISH CRUISER "GLaSG01," TO OUR COUNTY
hsHAL fITO RaEiVLS aeAlReL Why MOUNTBATTEN
(Brioni, 26th June)
Commander ef the British Mediterranean Fleet admiral Lord Mountbatten
today arrived at Brioni Island on his Flagsnip GLASGOW and paid an
official visit to Marshal Tito.
The Cruiser GLASGOW left the port of Rijeka this morning at exactly
7:30. The cruiser had on board home and foreign newsmen, forty in all,
who had been invited to Brioni by the cruiser as guests of Lord Mount-
batten. Cn board the cruiser were also the Eritish Ambacsador in
Belgrale, Sir Ivo Mallet, the Eritish Naval Attache, ceptain Wybard,
the British Consul General in reagreb karchington, and tee Third Secretary
of the British Embassy, Mr. lriestman.
The cruiser was accomnanied by the Yacht SURPRISE which had aboard
Lacy Mountbatten, Lady Mallet and their escort. The weather was fine;
and the sea very calm and the journey lasted about three and a half hours.
At 11:00 exactly the cruiser GLa6GOW, accomoanieed by the SURPRISE
eropped anchor off Brioni. Soon after that a metor launch came from
Brioni to the cruiser GLAS(10W bringing Vice Admiral Lrecao Manola to
great Admiral Lord Mountbatten on behalf of Marshal Tito and to extend
a welcome to him. An honour guara was lined up on the deck of the cruiser.
Lord Mountbatten met Vice admiral Manola enenenred greetings.
Half an hour later Lord Mountbatten) wearing full uniform and
wearing the Order of the Garter, wAich. 15 tae highest British order,
eccombanied by the British Ambassador in?Beigraee, Sir Ivo Mallet, who
was also wearing full diolomatic uniform) boarded the mctor launch
which was lowered from the cruiser and proceeIa.A;to Brioni. another
leunch from the yacht SURPhiSE took Lacy Mountbatten, Lady Mallet and
their escort to Brioni.
LUNCHeON IN HONOUR OF LORD MOUNTBATTEN aND THE BAlTISH GUESTS
On their arrival at Brioni, Lord Mountbatten) ambassador Mallet
end other guests were received by Marshal Tito) with whom they spent a
short time in conversation.
Marshal Tito gave a luncheon in honour of Lord Mountbatten, which
was attended in addition to the British guests by .Viee admiral Mate
Jerkovic, Vice Admiral Srecko manola, Rear Admiral Vukasin Micunovic
and Minister Plenipotentiary Dr. Sloven Smodlaka.
During he luncheon Marshal Tito, Admiral Lord Mountoatten and
British Ambassador, Sir :vo Mallet, gave hearty toasts.
TOaST GIVEN BY MARSHAL TITO
In toasting Lord Mcuntbattenand the British guests, Marshal Tito
said:
"Admiral, Ladies and Gentlemen and Comrades, it is a great pleasure
for me to greet here on our aerlatie Admirel Lord Mountbatten as one of
the great sailors of toCay, of eur ally country Great Britain.
"Similarly, I wish to extend my geeetings to the other guests.
"I deem it necessary to emphasise on this occasion that we in
Yugoslavia know the glorious war history of the British Navy and particu-
larly its great efforts, sacrifices and victories during the last two
world wars which demanded special stubbornness and war skill. In the
last eorld War, which has been the bloodiest in history, we were allies,
and it is just this fact why we all on every occasion with great pleasure
and particularly toeay, receive visits of British naval units because
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today .also,when the world is again nfrnid of a war and when men are
afraid that perhaps tomorrow they might be drawn into the horrors of
war we again are considered to be allies. We-consider ourselves to
be allies because we are jointly striving to preserve peace, to jointly
stand guard in this part of the world against aggressive war adventures,
to stand guard for peace.
"I still have the finest- memory of my short contact and stay with
your naval units during the last- war, in 1944, particularly during the
voyage by a destroyer which was called BLACK MOOR, which brought me from
Bari to the Isle of Vis.. The friendly treatment and hospitality by all
on the vessel, ranging from the Captain to the ratings, made the finest
impression on me, which I still remember.
"At that time the Allied Powers were giving us their aid in various
ways, and the British Navy played a great part in bringing that aid to
us. I personally saw great efforts made by your seamen. to help us as
much as possible in thestruggle against the commnn enemy. I saw how
your men in the navy highly praised our struggle and our sacrifices,
and our people do not so quickly and so easily foret such things. We
saw in all that both sympathies far our peoples and an understanding
of their aspirations0 he saw at that time how your soldiers sincerely
valued our war efforts and our sacrifices.
"I am convinced that the Allied solidarity andfilendship which
reached expression during the last great war will exist in the future too
to the happiness of the peoples of Great Britain and new Yugoslavia.
"I raise my glass to the health and long life of Her Majesty Queen .
Elizabeth, to the welfare of the people of your country and of the Royal
Navy and to your health Admiral."
-SPEECH BY BRITISH AMBASSADOR SIR IVO MALLET
After Marshal Tito cave his toast, British Ambassador Sir Ivo Mallet
stood up and said in part:
"Mr. Marshal, I wish to thank you for the words you have spoken
about the country which I have the honour to represent in Yugoslaviaand
to express the same wishes for friendship between our two nations, as
you expressed a moment ago. Our two nations, which are today making
efforts to maintain peace, are also trying to improve the destiny of the
common man of our two countries.
"I raise my glass to the health of the President of the Government
of the FPRY and of the Yugoslav peoples."
LORD MOUNTBATTEN TOASTS MARSHAL TITO
After that Admiral Lord Mountbatten toasted Marshal Tito and said:
"Your Excellency, Ladies. and Gentlemen, The Yugoslav ports have
always been attractive for the Btitish Navy and the British Navy has
always gladly-visited Yugoslavia. During the last war, I personally
visited Split, Dubrovnik Pola and the Island of Brioni three times,
and yesterday I visited Rijeka for the first time. We are very glad of
having renewed the practice of visiting Yugoslavia in this way.
"As I said yesterday, we consider that the British Navy is a sort
of Ambassador of ours. Our men go ashore and see for themselves the
spirit by which your peoples are inspired in the efforts which they are
making to develop their country and to rake it a progressive one. We
hope that our men who go ashore from our vessels will contribute towards
giving to the Yugoslav people a proper idea of the British people.
"We are allies who are united towards the preservation of peace
and welfare, and. to work jointly for peace is a much better alliance
than an alliance born in war.
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"Then I was a member of the Committee of Oniefs of Staff in London
during the war in 1942, I henrd the name of Tito for the first time.
1 was then that we heard about the heroic resistance which you and your
partisans were putting up egainst the Germans. It was for that reason
tFeet Prime Minister Churchill decided to extend aid to you. In token
of his confidence of ycur loyalty to the cemmon cause, he sent nis son
to Yugoslavia who parachuted there.
"I teke this occasion to Eemeess my gratitude to Admiral Mamie
for his kindness and help to me during this visit, and I emphasise the
pleasure which I have had getting aereeinted with Admiral Jcrkovic and
Arrniral Micunovic.
"I raise my glass in honour of the Yugoslav Armed Forces and of
their leader in peace and war, 'Ainister of National 'eefence Marshal Tito."
DURING THE AFTERNOON MARSHeL TITO PAID A RLTUAN VISIT TO LORD i4OUNTBATTEN
ON HIS FLAGSHIP 1tTeeSGOW4
Lord Mountbatten and his suite reterned to the cruiser GLASGOW at
5:45 p.m. Half an hour later Mars!lal Tito came to the creiser GLe3GOW
to return the visit to Lord leountbetten. For tle reception of Marshal
Tito the cruiser was bedecked with Y.ecoelav and British flags in a gala
feshion. A naval band and guard of honour were on t deck. Loed
Mountbatten, with his ene;ire staff and offecers of the cruiser GLASGOW
awaited Marshal Tito. Wien Jearshal Tito stepped en the deck of the
British warship, the naval band struck up ehe lugoslav national anthem
and tne Honour Guard saluted Mershal aito. eurshal Tito was accompanied
by Vice Admiral Mate Jereovic and Vice edmiral ,recko Hancla, as well as
Rear Admiral Vukasin Micunovic and ieinester 91enieoeentiary Dr. Sloven
Smollaka.
Marshal Tito was met and heartily greeted by Lord Mountbatten.
Lore Mountbatten then presented to Marshal Tito the members of his staff
and officers of the cruiser GLeSeOd. The -e;arshal shook hands with every
officer. After that the entire crew of the vessel mer.hed by Marshal
Tito, while Lore' Mountbatten and the Captain of the cruiser GLeSGCW,
Holmes, stood by him.
Lord Mountbatten then showed Marshal Tito aroune the cruiser
GLASGOW; inspection of the vessel lasted for about half an hour. After
that Marshal Tito and Lord Mountbatten, in company of the entire suite,
went from the cruiser GLeSGOW to the Yacht to pay their respects to
Lady Mountbatten.
DINNER ABOARD THE VESSEL
At 8:30 p.m. Ad.miral Lord Mountbatten gave a dinner on the cruiser
GLASGOW in honour of Marshal Tito. Aftar the dinner and the cordial
reception on the Flagship, Marshal Tito took leave of the British
Ambassador and Lady Mallet, MutIntbatten, Captain of the cruiser
Holmes and the other British perecnalitiee and at 9:30 p.m. left the
cruiser GLASGOW in the company of his suite.
*****
STOP PRESS: STATEMENT GIVEN BY LORD MOUNTBATTEN TO REPRESENTeTIVES OF
TTTITIND FOREIGN PRESS BEFORE LE_VING YUGOSLAVIA
(Pola, 26th Ju)
The Commander of the British Medi;erranean Fleet, Admiral Lord
Mountbatten gave a statement to rapresentativee of home and foreign
press before leaving Yugoslavia, emphasising eLat he hoped that his
visit would contribute towards the strengthening of the relations'
between Yugoslavia and the other 1;estern countries. He mentioned that
since he had taken over the command of the British Mediterranean Fleet,
he had wished to visit all the friendly countries in the Mediterranean
with the object of establishing personal contact and stressed that his
visit has the character of a normal courtesy call.
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Admiral Lord Mountbatten then said that the British people are
well acquainted with the heroic struggle of the Yugoslav peoples under
the firm leaeership of Marshal Tito, as well as with the terrible
devastations wrought by the war on Yugoslav villages and cities. "I
also wish to mention that I have been deeply impressed by the spirit
in which the Yugoslav peoples have taken on the job of reconstructing
their country," added Admiral Lord Mountbatten.
"I wish to express my deep gratitude for the very friendly
reception given to my officers and. men during our visit to Rijeka.
We are grateful for the hospitality which was so broadly extended to
us," concluded Admiral Lord Mbuntbatten.
(PMATTIKA - 27th June, 1952)
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20
TWO YEARS OF WI1R IN KOREA: KOREA WATTS
For two whole years the events in Korea have been the center
of general attention. when on this date the year before last North
Korean units for the first time crosse the 38th Parallel and invaded
S-uth K-,rea, the world, which was unpleasantly surprised, expected
all that to be a limited incident which would be quickly liquidated.
The world expects the same today, although a lot of things have
happened in Ker(a since that time and although a lot of things have
happened in the world because re horca since that time.
From the military point of vlew, the Korean conflict represents
an excenticn of its kind: never in wc:ld hintory have two -1f1.oIng
sides "n11-W vgi1EbrReMMEMMUMBigiOCMORDIMI-004gW10421MM100V4 C3E0 in
Korea.
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The nonpeace-loving policy of Moscow?which has left is indelible
stamp on Korea and which has swallowed ?.up one and a half million victims
from the Korean battlefield?has forced the rest of the world to
increase its defense forces and to rearm quickly. Judging by every-
thing, this rearming is the last thing Moscow wished to achieve when
it prepared the invasion of South Korea. But this is not also the last
situation which Soviet diplomacy has wrongly appraised. Although far the
last few months Moscow has been endeavouring to focus international
pelitical-activity on the questions of Europe, in the first place on
the question of Germany, it has not been relaxing in any way its
underground game in Asia, particularly in the Far East, The efforts
made by the USSR to draw China into a- war of exhaustion with the West
are very striking. Finally, the new and increasing role of Japan. as
well as Peking's Asiatic policy under present conditions are confronting
Moscow with a series of problems By trying to maintain- and expand its
influence and authority, Moscow is inevitably coming into conflict with
those political currents in. Asia which seok independence and full
equality in the settling of their own and.general questions.
Two years ago Moscow showed in Koren that it is ignoring the
demands and rights of Asia. The ruthlessness of Moscow is too great
that Asia can forget it--the peoples of Asia have less end less
confidence in the policy of Moscow.
The UN, which is fighting in Korea, was given a rare chance two
years ago to win--both as protector of the independence and freedom of
nations and as defender against?aggression-wboth the general sympathies
and confidence in Korea. and in many other parts of Asia. During the
past year, at :the time of the famous Korean talks, a golden opportunity
to achieve this was missed,. The Korean crisis has now entered upon a .
phase in which no-one is gaining anything. The task of the UN, which
two years ago was to stop aggression and throw back the enemy, has now
become much more complicated because it demands that mutual distrust be
removed and friendship re-established. /s/ B. Dikic
(POLITIKA - 25th June, 1952)
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- 1P-
FURTHER REFERZNCE TO Al*TI-NATIONAL ACTIVITY DiZiereMp BY CLERGYMEJ IN TOLNIN
Ls previously reported in our newspaper a croup of clereymen from
folmin, instead of fulfilline their duty &S clergymen, carried out anti-
national as well as espionage activity. This is another example of anti-
national behaviour of certain clergymen demnnstrated during and after the
war.
At the end of 1942, higher a:lurch functionaries described the Zational
Liberation Movement as inepired by the oommuesete, taus deadening the sympathies
of some clergymen tewarde thin ::evement reeultene from ih.r dioepproval of
oppression exercized 'ef the Italian aethoeity. Thereueole Leeee efforte
were made for the establieeeene of a CathoLie organizatioe, but failed owing
to the fact that its pee-iagaters were only tee much conipeemisede fhe role
of this organization wee tnerefore assigned ee the CoageeeetSon of the
Virgin Mary. The eetnon Brune:ere, who was the ij1 of this Oohgregation in
the whole Bishopric, iesued a Ci7C1A4 letter en 14 preleibltieg to all
members of this Conereeatien to carticipate in the Liberaten Treat, giving
at the same time ieseruetions on behaviour towards ..ee active memberss This
Practically meant that ae-:,eve member:: and symeashioers were deneeneed by a
clergyman to the Domobraei wno thereaeon undeeteok reprizaies Li this
manner the Congregation of tne Vircin Mary became an eeseioaa,se agenee of
the Domobrani. Information was coeiected at deaeoee* meeeirge held in
felmin end Yobarid. In April of 1944, one of theee meeejege was also attended
by Cotic, Dcmobrani Commandant at 40barid C.:i e'eat occasion all the attendants
of this meetings without one single exceptiee eepo-ted the names of active
members and sympathizees of tee Li'eeration leeet ae far ae they knew theme,
Arrests were then un rake: at Ca erg, Libusaje, Strmee aed Vreno while
some houses were burnt down ane peeple siu.ed Iwee Kaaal, forme: 'ean at
Kobarid, admitted how he wae an active member and eupeorter of Do=7)::dni
aad collaborated with the Dean Of Toimin Vodoolvec by denouncing tne naLiA
of the people, organizing an espionage network, ate. rarel Klinkon in hs
turn confessed to have given the names of 15 earkers to Cott:: later on
all of these listed workers were arrested. 'lean Zlad triei to deny his
misdeeds committed during the wart bat,as is obvious from his own cenfeseions,
he had close links with tae Gereane and was R.I.S3 involved in the murder of
16 peeple from the village of L'relec which waz devastad at that timec
Lucejan Krajnik confessed that a little while after the eenference hell
at Kobarid some arrests ware made adding that the conference was the decisive
factor in teae matters
E7c,--n after the war these peoefle die not r!:.-4 h.,etle-attteVte toward
the Liberation Struggle of the Slovene people. The reactionary emigration who
has succeeded in escaping before the just punishmene, could not find a better
assistance. At the time when signaeuree favouring the annexation of zone A
to luaoslavia were collected. the clergymen from tile district of Toimin
persisted ie their hostility toward e the FFEY. .411 those clergymen headed
by the Dean Pavlin rejected to give their segnatures. On the other heed,
they gave all possible support to atemptu made by the reactionary emigration
aimed at the annexation of zone A to t;?vz ;TT? Yoverthelossc en
that occasion they again refueod to sign anythAng on purpose,wishing to avoid
to compromise themselves in the seeus of the people, axt when it had become
ebvious that zone A wcs coina to be aneexed to Yugoslavia, at the end of
January of 1947,a deacons* meeting was again held at Kobeilds The Gestapo
agent Fontar also attended that meeting. They all aereed that clergymen
who were compromised should leave zone A before annexation, while as to
the others, they should stay and assist the emigratien in their struggle
against the FPRY by sending reports and, undersining the people's authority.
Thereupon they all worked employing all their forces for the organization
of as many escapes as poeeible. Their own object in this af:air wes to
justify their own escape from Yugeslavia. kart from this, they also
agreed on methods of sending in reports, organization of tiee. etc,
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.b.
Detailed reports on all their activity can be found in our previous
published articles on the same subject.
On the basis of all this one can realize what the moral aspect of
these people is like. The life and activity of seme of the defendants
ever since 1949 until their arrest only represented a series of crimes
committed against their own people, their freedom and ind.cpendence
One o? the most flagrant types of criminals was that of Ivan Tilao.
He knew perfectly well how to adjust himself to any kina of authority.
At the time when the Germans, or the Italians or the Americans were there
ha succeeded in fitting -!tde behaviour to their wiehes, but failed to
adjust himself to the peoples allthority. A while befo:se the amaexation
being aware of his guilt,. he intended to escape abroad bt.t later on decided
that he could also hide at Log near Mangart and thus cot/i.e with his
activity. According to confessions made by other afendants, he was the
main speaker at those meetings of deacons he was also the ocI;tal
when after the ar,tenda was exhausted they begin to L9,13 joes. "Te then
ridiculed his female parishioners who came to him to confess making dirty
jokes at their expense..
In the coarse of his inter:oogation, Kobal made several quite interest-,
ing confessions: "When Mocnik was expelled lho arpointment of ails .her
Apostolic Administrate had to be made. We ell agieed on th,--A that no
other choice can be made except to appoint ET, oy..os in his place knowing
that he had some definite links with the ae.thority. Their object was to
Intimidate the clergymen who e ,;(1Thority0 Yoal himself
confessed this on two occasions and later on twice denied everything,,
Finally he was compelled to admit the facts by the forcc. of arguments
and evidence. He also confessed the following: "If I-:!,,et
that my confessionswelld not to be made public but retained in the archive
only, then I could confess everything". "Otherwie, 1 would be very much
compromised". He further added: 401 am concerned with the reputation of
the church, as well as with messages from gentle,rien on the other side of
the border". Ljubo Marc made similar statemouts FqTow I am going to be
exposed as a hypocritDand a person without match character, because in
my sermons I had always deliberately concealed my lea actiy against
the authority% But when it was necessary they all failed to take ].r.to
consideration the reputation of the church Or their own.
Thus another group of traitors and spies has received a rust
punishment for its activity charged with crimin.sa aotivity Vrected against
the interests of tae people,and deep moral eontamtnation and hypocrisy 0
All those who are more concerned with airectivesand the interests of the
reactionary clergy inspired by the policy of the Vatican than with those
of their own people, will suffer the same fate.
In addition to this, as soon as the activity of the clergy from
Tolmin was exposed, it could_ not be helped to examine it apart from the
behaviour of the Dean Vodopivec from Tolmtn0 Evidence collected at this
trial is sufficient as a justification of the pronouncement of death
sentence on this flagrant criminal and traitor, But we urdcmrtand ara
approve the attitude assumed by the people's authority considering that
this 80 year old, man morally corrupt, aWeot:gh being a crivinal and traitor,
should not be brought up for trial. As to the leaders of the Catholic Church,
they should have the least sense of tact andnot leave VothTivec in the same
place where he had committea all those crimes, In this way they offend the
feelings of members of families of those who loot their lives because of him,
(SLOYE7SKI POROCEVAB7,0, June 25) 1952)
Correction: In the paper "Slovenski Porocevalec" of June 26, 19525 the follow-
ing correction was madet instead of expressing approval of the appointment of
Dr. Tores, the text translated on this page, lines 27-3(6 Wnould read as
follows - "We all agreed that Dr. Toros could not be appointed",
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iniiiii11111111111111111111.101MINIIM
pi!! IS AN !NCLOS(M TO STATINTL
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Pan k as 4.4t Ic;L UN-4
019we rIttigelat)idoit 20.11.1951
Rdgen Radio 2,?e7LT
AA das kostw and Fernmeldeteehaisol-4 Zentralwat
?rlia W66
Nauerstr,
Abt Yank Haupt be t rie odd i tung
Zar Tr. 172/7 5t 5312-0 Nr. ;'202 e. 13. "4,51
Prequenzbeobacht waren
afte_41A.A.. Le-ei
Nachstehend die gewctrten Fratiuros7,beobactiturigent
260 A 1-Verkehr alt L tat .r.ke 1-2 ;Asooachtet. ?b36 A 3-Verkehr
dOsische Stationein die avf n30 et was *iu.rchschlseen jedoeh
(thee weseentliche .1.iiroal'unr. Die Fre(wenz 26,0 jet jedoch fdr
RUgen Radio in der ?re vorgeuerkt und unbediagt
wieder Piz' uns .4.r.*3WORIS011 emote.
3336 Wettersemder mit Zahleegruijen bilooarrtett Rfs INA. Former
A 1-Var1ehr mit ,rimr?er Ltt-tkirke fest:* tellt, Frequenz far
use brauch oar.
2172 TerhiiltsismitBig eau be re Fre iuenc. A 1-Ye rkehr mit ge ringer
Laut at iirke frstesteLlt. Fr.a.z 1mt rUr um s crauch car ?
1877 El* A3-Trager sch16gt d?Arok mit lb. 3-4. Trager 1iegt gamut auf
1880.
1882 let die Anrufwelle von Ube 'Neser Radio und daher von uns
nicht laohr ZU benutzen.
1=
let die Answeichwelle von Ube *reser Radio und ale Arbeits-
-Neale f?r uns debar nicht benutzen,
am let lt. Freluammenliste fur Rilgen Radio eirgmtragen. Lt. Vorzeit:42-
mill der KUsten- und Seerunkstallon 1st die Frequnes jedoch
ale Answeichweile fiir Kiel Radio zeitweise mit Verkehr belegt.
Be Niigata auf dem Verhandlumgswege versucht werdent dies*
Prequel's wieder flir Ragen Radio zu gewinnen.
225,5 keine Pram(' Erttrer fe stge ctellt.
.1280 2,22 Es warden verschiedene Telegraphieseader festgestellt.
Wean auch wir dies. Frocueszen mit TeIegraphis belegen Mirdent
so cUrden Bich daraus keinechwier1gkeitsa ergot**.
2300 lit each unseren Festatellungen und mach 'attaining der Logger
eshr gltcstig da kolas FresidstOrer festgestellt wurden.
2000 keine St 6 ninon feet e st lit
Los_ lit di. Rauptarbeitswelle der weatdeutschen Schiffsi,und voll
alt Verkehr belegt. lass lit die Fre/queue daher nicht gosigimit.
priager Testverkehr festcestellt jedoch ohne wesentliche
StOrwaigea.
-
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JOINT TRANSLATION SERYICE
SUMMARY OF THE YUGOSLAV PRESS
This Bulletin contains translations from Yugoslav newspapers and periodicals. It is intended for the use of
the participating missions and not for general distribution. Accuracy of the translations is not guaranteed.
NO.649 INDEX 28th June, 1952.
P.1. Headlines of Borba of the 28th June
*
P.2. Headlines of Borba continued
Headlines of FOTT-P,-a of the 28th June
*?
P,3. Headlines from the provincial press
FROM NARODNA DRZAVA N0.3-4 1952
P.4. The new law on People's Committees and problems of putting
it into effect (Article by Dr,J.Djordjevic)
FROM POLITIKA OF THE 27TH JUNE
P.26, Delegation of Austrian dentists in Yur'oslrIvia
P030, Diecussion of new organIoation of People's Authorities:
lecture by Moza Pijade
P.37. Meeting of Council for Industry and Public Works of the
FPRY: decisions on objectives which are to be given
precedence this year
P39. The world in which we live: lullaby (Leading article by
Miroslav Radoicic)
FROM BORBA OF THE 28TH JUNE
P.33. Social protection of employed people (Editorial)
1334, Meeting of Economic Council of Yugoslav Government:
reorganisation of economic apparatus
P35,. Competition in honour of 6th Congress of the CPY
President Of Istanbul Municipal Council is coming to
Yugoslavia
Renovation of Yugoslav Free Zone in Salonika
P.36. FTT: at a session of the Trieste Council Slovenes forbidden
to s)eak Slovene.
Trial of Cominform spies begino in Buje
*-
P043. Greek delegation will stay in Yugoslavia eleven days
Plenary session of CC of People's Youth begins today
FROM POLITIKA OF THE 28TH JUNE
P.38, Yugoslav plane forced to lend in Italy
Hungarians are building fortifications and are carrying-out
exercises along the Yugoslav frontier
P.41. Undiminished danger (Editorial)
P.45. Sixth Session of the Danube Commission: discussion begins
on Yugoslav proposal for revision of regulations and statutes
FROM BORBA OF THE 24TH JUNE
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P.43. Discussion of new industrial branch: a great factory for
artificial fibre -"Viskoze" (Article)
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FRO? TROCVINSKI PREGLED OF THE 19TH JUNE
*
P.27. The market and trade: the use of subsidies for the lowering
of :?rices of goods which pre not in demand
* ??
bUPPLEMENT OF TRANSLAT:ONS 'RCM THE FRONINCIAL PRESS
FROM NOVA MAKEDONIjA OF THE 22ND JUNE
P.a. Meeting held by clergymen from the District of Struga
*
FROM SLOIENSKI POROCEVALEC OF THE 26TH JUNE
P.a. Regarding a sermon in Slovene given by a Silesian monk in
Trieste
When will Bishop Vovk cease his provocations?
P.b.
*
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BORBA 28th June, 1952.
P.1. Political chronicle: Marshal Tito's answer to invitation of
Hungarian minority's cultural festival:
Marshal Tito patron of Dalmatian fast,,-1
PLENARY SESSION OF THE CC OF THE PEOPLE'S YoUTH OF
YUGOSLAVIA. BEGINS TODAY
Slovene PF discusses new organisation of People's
Authorities
SOCIAL PROTECTION OF El,a)LOYED PEOPLE (Editorial)
MEETING OF THE ECOI\TO:ILIC COUNCIL OF THE YUGOSLAV GOVERNMENT:
THE REORGANISATION OF THE ECONLLIC APPARt_TUS
*
GREEK DELEGATION -WILL STAY IN, YUGOSLAVIA ELEVEN DAYS
P.2. The work of party organisations: open party meetings -s-T.I.ve
political work in the village of Rakalj:
One 'village - one active centre: party organisations in
the village of the Tamin District correct mistakes in
youth work
Celebration of anniversary of ic;3(1)rajevo coup
Ninth plenary seosion of Yugoslav War Veterans' Federation:
war veterans welcome the i:_tt:70(:,u.libion of the new regulation
on their jurisdiction
7th July to be celebrated throughout the whole of Serbia
1,1141I.TION IN HONOUR OF- -11-tHE SIXTH,:SONGRES,S OF" THE CPY
Action of teetotallers arouses great interest
DOCTORS' '101C01.Y,N,CZE (Ara cle Joy,. PLetkociic )
Letters to the Editor:
What society expects of experts who go in for specialisa-
? tion abroad
Postal and Customs Taxes
Have we the right or no?
P,3, PRESIDENT OF ISTAMBUL MUNICIPAL COUNCIL IS COMING TO
YUGOSLAVIA
Expulsion of 3 members of the CC of Rumanian Youth Organisa-
tion
Question in Canadian. ParliamentoOncerning the granting of a
visa to the war criminal Jevdjevic .
FTT: AT A SES5ION OF THE TRIESTE COUNCIL IT WAS MADE
IMPOSSIBLE FOR SLOVENES TO SPEAK SLOVENE
TRIAL OF COMINFORM SPIES BEGINS IN BUJE
CAPACITY OF YUGOSLAV FREE 'LONE IN SALONIKA
Everits in Korea: negotiations in Pan Mun Jom
ted for three days
The struggle for Germany: tank units on both
frontier which divides Germany
again interrup-
sides of the
Has the text of the answer of the Westr:rn .1-4,_,wers to the
Soviet Note been agreed on in London?
*
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P.3. The problems of foreign policy in the US: the new isolationism
teaches a policy of one-sided activity (Article by Joze Smole)
Strikes in US end Italy
Typhoon in Japan
Soviet spits in Iran
Italian miners in Great Britain
The work of the Economic and Social Council of the UN: dis-
cussion on the question of discrimination and minority:
Security Council rejects Soviet proposal
Yukaelav resolution on help for backward countries adopted
Parliamentary elections in holland: socialists become strongest
party on account of Catholics and Cominformists
Clark declares that bombing of hydro-electric works has only a
military character (AFT, Tokyo)
Soviet spies in Sweden promised large salaries (UP, Stockholm)
Council of the Atlantic Pact accuses the USSR of annihilation
of POWs (Reuters Paris)
New economic regulations:
FREE Ikr)ORT AND EXPORT
TAX. ON SURPIJUS WAGES FuND.: average earnings for metallurgy
and mininc coal
Emrloyment.of student6 from other republics is not permitted
*
Zemun to get a third high school
eoLITIKA
P.1. UNDIMINISHED DANGER (Editorial)
SIXTH SESSION OF THE DANUBE CO,IIISSION DISCUSSION BEGINS ON
YUGOSLk.V ?ROPOSilli FOR THE, REVISION OF REGULATIONS AND STATUTES
HUNGRIANS ARE BUILDING FORTIFICATIONS i:ND ARE CARRYING OUT
EXERCISES ALONG THE YUGOSLAV FRONTIER
P.2. Letter from America: electoral day in Washington (Article by
Djuka Julius)
Letter from London: the end of an exciting week (Article by
Leon Davico)
P.3. Politika correspondent talks with representative of"Swiss Aid
for turope": Yugoslavia will get monetary aid for building a
hospital for mkcosbS*
Representatives of the Federation of Jewish Communities in
Yugoslavia will take part in the European conference of the
Hebrew World Congress
New motor vessel from shipyard in Uljanik put into use between
Riieka and Kotor
FORCED DIRECTING OF PASSENGER ?LANE TO IT LY
Question for discussion:cconomic-apprenticbs must gain simultan-
eous experience in theory end practice
WHAT HAS HAPPENED TO SIGNATORIES OF COMINFORM RESOLUTION?
Represonttives of Carnegie Foundation arrive in Belgrade
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NOVA MAKMONIJA
June 21, 19520
Pd3. Lack of labour force is one of the crucial problems affecting
works on key projects*
Measures for improvement of viticulture in Macedonia.)
June 22, 1952
P.9 3, Meeting held by clergymen from the district of Struga.
Pc, 4 Our export articles: medicinal herbs and sorghum straw.
Powerful development -of YugoS'lav ferrous metallurgy.
Considerable increase in production of dried juice of opium
Sale of silk cocoons in the district of Struraica0
P0'?. Fishing in southern parts of the Adriatic,
SLOVENSKI POROCEVALTIO
June 25, 1952,
1)010PY0
P. 2. Further, reference to anti?national activity displayed by
clergymen in Tolmin,
P. 3. Confeseions made by various former refugees who have returned
to Slovenia,
*
Further appearances of Colorado beetles in Slovenia*
P. 4. Regarding workerst councils and factory managements*
PO. 1,
Coke experimental station at Ljubljana,
PO 3. Expansion of the Sibenik electrode factory,
or
Potato growing and extirpation of Colorado beetles in Slovenia,
1505 Regarding a sermon by a Slovene monk held in Trieste in the
Slovene laguage.
When Mr. Vovk is going to cease With his provocations?
Great damage inflicted to crops by hail.
,...rune 26 1952
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THE NEW LAW ON PEOPLE'S COMMITTEES AND PROBLEMS OF PUTTING IT INTO
EFFECT
The federal General Law Pertaining to People's Committees of
April 1 1952 has been published and become effective. Our public is
acquainted with the basic principles of this law and its importance
to aocialist democracy c However, although this law contains a set of
principles and presents, as comrade Kardelj says, a sort of a ?
charter on selggovernment of the people in
local units, in essence it is only a law, It is not a program or
manifesto, although its principles bear the character of a program
on organization and developmant of the people's selfg,overnment in
municipality, city and district. As any other law, tne Law on People's
Committees has been passed in order to be rut into effect, Basically,
the true value of a law depends to which extent it can be realized
In practice. This does not mean that the law covers all possible solu-
tions, nor does it mean that no now problems win arise in practice,
or that all its items are perfect. It is sure that the value of this
law will depend on the congruebee of the basic principles of organi-
zation and wcrk provido6. for by this law with the organization and
functioning of the people's committee in practice, Congruence of legal
norms with reality is not only a criterion with respect to realization
of the law but also in regard to actual effect of the law in the matter
of material and cultural development of ova- municipalities, cities
and districts as well as strengthening of institutions of the people's
selfgovernment within same.
The problem of putting this law into effect is more complicated
than the problem of realizing basic federal laws. While the realiza-
tion of these laws, as a rule, is reduced to application of the law
or to taking of organizational, personal, material, legal measures
and procedures for the purpose of putting into effect legal norms,
the new law pertaining to people's committees, along with ito appli-
cation, includes also problems of further legal realization of its
principles. I shall dwell on both problems in this article. I must
stress, however, that the application of the new law pertaining to
people's committees differs somewhat from the application of state
laws or federal laws not falling under the category of general laws.
Problems to be treated and particularly solutions to be given in
connection therewith are necessarily of a limited and conditional
character. This is due to the fact that state laws pertaining to
people's committees, as well as other laws, will fully relleal all
problems with respect to application, because they will extend the
system of legal norms. Considering the fact, however, that the basic
principles of the federal law must be realized by state laws, this
pointing to problems of applying the federal law pertaining to people's
committees is not merely of a geberal character.
Finally, another mention has to be made. Until state laws per-
taining to people's committees are passed, the T)rinciples of the new
federal law will not all be realized. They will be realized only
when the new people's committees are elected on the basis of new state
laws. This, however, should not prevent Us from considering all the
more important problems with respect to application of the federal
law. The more so, the elections for the new people's committees will
most probably be held in the course of this year. Besides; a series
of basic principles of the federal law on people's committees are
already being applied on the basis of state laws pertaining to orga-
nization of people's committees issued in April 1952.
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THE MARKET AND TRADE
Retail trade in the period January-May of this year amounted to
121,044 million dinars, which represents about 40% of the provided
for 'annualretail trade. From this amount about 25% consists of
trade in foodstuffs, and 75% of industrial goods. According to
months the retail trade in this 2eriod was as follows: in January
20,115 million dinars (index 100), in February 22,540 million dinars
(index 112), in March 25,414 million dinars (index 126), in April
28,000 million dinars (index 139) and in May 24,125 million dinars
(index 124).
The prominently weaker treacle in January and February and the
increase in trade in the other three months (particularly March and
April) is explained by the fact that the consumers spent at the end
of last year to a great extent their hu :.:in means, on account of
which they somewhat restrained themselves in January and February
from buying - while the increase of trade in the remaining 3 months
represents the stabilisation of the situation in te consumers'
demand and is partly also the result of the spring season.
Such an achievement in trade for the past period (40% of the
annual planned trade) points out to P somewhat changed situation in
regard to last year, when for the same )eriod of time a much smaller
portion of the total annual trade was achieved - and this means that
in this year one should not expect that the trade in the lest
ounrter of the year will be -reater to that extent from the trade
of the orevious quarters as WPS the cPsc last year. The reason for
the uniformity of trade according to quotas in this year lies in the
fact that in the forthcoming quarter there will be most probably
no stagnation in trade - which is otherwise normal for this period
of the year - because the sale of goods byway of cansumer credits
and credits for the purchase of fuel, as well PS the decrease of
prices of industrial goods which are not in demand, for welch the
state has allocated subsidies to the trade network (a total of
about 5 billion dinars) and the abolition of purchase coupons - will
influence to a great extent the revival of trade in the next few
months,
rovetheilt of Stocks
The stock of goods in the retail network has increased during
the first quarter of the year (for April and May we have not full
data) by about 60% in regard to the stocks at the beginning of the
year, This represents about by 13% greeter stocks of goods from
those who have been provided for by the credit balance as standard
ones, Although there is no data concerning stocks for April and
May one should not expect their further increase in these months,
because the trado in these months was much greater, The increase
in stocks, in spite of the increased trade in tne past 3 months,is
due to several reasons. The forming of a larger number of new
enterprises which had to supplement the asaortment of their stocks,
the buying of new quality goods from this year's production and the
stoppage in the sale of goods, both in previous periods, the
increased delivery by the industry in March and April because of the
stoppage at the beginning of the yePr,when many problems have not as
yet been cleared.up in connection with the formation of prices in
industry, the hope of the consumers to purchase the more expensive
articles by moans of credit and on account of that the stoppage in
the sale of such articles, which, however, the network had ?to buy
in good time in order to secure the quantity which it needs for sale
on credit and similar - led up to the transitory increase Of stocks
in retail trade. The present stocks in the trade' network in retail
trade are greater therefore than those which as necessary have been
provided for for a normal flow of trade in this year. The forming
of such stocks resulted also from the low rata ,Ortinterest, which the
enterprises paid for borrowed credits and because of that they did
not take sufficient care concerning stocks.
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Stocks in wholesale trade showed a decrease in January and
February and a certain increase in March, particularly in Slovenia
and Croatia, parallel with a changed structure of assortments in
relation to the past year. It can be expected that an increase in
the rate of interest, namely restriction of financial possibilities,
will lead up to a further decrease of stocks in wholesale trade and
that in this way the whOlesale trade will come down to the level
which is economically justified and necessary under these new con-
ditions.
Movement of prices
In the period January-May of this year the level of prices and
their variation are shown by the following indices:
I
II
iiiIV
V
Total Index (1938:100)
1098
1112-
1125.
1127.
1130- 11--
100
101,3
102A
102,6
103,0
Industrial articles
1718
1750-
1771.
1788.
1787.
(without tobacco)
1011
101,8
103,1
134,1
104,0
Agricultural food-t
1201
1216.
1229.
1214'
1232
stuffs
100
101,2
102,3
101,1
102,7
Services
313
312.
321
320-
322.
100
99,7
102,6
102,2
102,9
In spite of a certain increase ift the total and individual
groups of indices of prices which have resulted from separate
reasons of a transitory character (because of the increase of
economic .prices of fuel, increase of prices of textile confections
which receives its raw materials today at freely-established prices,
as well as of the unimportant increase in the price of furniture
because of increased transport tariffs - and on the other side on
account of the increase of the price of some agricultural products
conditioned by the season and accommodation of prices of wine and
spirits at the general level), the level of prices, consitlered as a
whole, had a tendency to stabilisation.
Circulation of moneyand coupons
The circulation of ready cash has increased since the beginning
of the year until 31st May by 1,096 million dinars, which does.not
represent some disturbance of the goods - monetary balance, because
at the end of last year by the sale of goods at lower prices the
withdrawal of large sums of ready cash took lace and the present
increased circulation means only stabilisation of the situation in
this regard, the more so because the soeed of circulation of ready
cash hts increased to a great extent. Towerds the end of May
39,675 million dinars were in circulation.
The circulation of industrial couoons on May 31st is expressed
'by the index 117 (1. I. xi 10n), and the purchase coupons with the
new index 46 - which on one side is the consequence of saving
coupons by town consumers for buying more expensive products, and
on the other side - with purchase coupons the end of the compulsory
purchase in this year had as a consequence a decrease in circula-
tion.
The total circulation of money and coupons (31st May index
in relation to 1st January amounted to 100,5) in' relation to the
situation at the beginning of the year shows a normalised situation
and stability, which acted positively on the uniformity of prices
of goods and services.
The purchase funds of the population, as well as the goods funds
from local production and 'imports, whieh have been realised 'in the
first five months of this year, correspond :with the dynamics estab-
lished in the goods-monetary balance for this year. The stabilisatbn
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of prices at,a level which was reached at the end of lasteyear
(abstracting unimportant transitory increased) shows the bitlance
of purchase and goods funds and offers a favourable prospeCt for
the further harmonisation of the general level of prices4
The normal yield of agricultural products in this economic year
should produce a certain decrease in prices of agriculturel pro-
ducts, which would result in a oarallel decrease of prices of
industrial goods in corres)onding oroportions.
(TRG0?,1NSKI ;Wm.-SD - 19th June, 1952).
THE USE OF SUBSIDIES FOR THe; WeERING OF PRICES OF GOODS WHICH ARE
The problem of sale of goods which are not in demand boils down
in fact to the question of a right use of turnover means and on the
question of the level of ex,penses in trade, in regard to the new
rate of interest. Goods which remain in stock for a long time in
enterprises binds a portion of turnover means and makes them
unemployable for normal circulation. The rates of interest on
such means, which are now much greeter than formerly, become month
in month out an expenditure which seriously increases expenses of
trade. Particularly so under conditions of the new weges system,
which is based on differences in erice, material and other expenses
of the enterprise influence the level of the wages fund of the
emoloyees. Therefore, the stocks of goods which ere not in demand
decrease directly the wages fund of the employees in trade.
Therefore each enterprise and its complete workers' collective is
interested in liberating itself from stocks which are not in demand.
pans obtained need not be used immediatelz
Trade enterprises hatureceived in the past few days subsidies
from the State for the decrease of prices of goods which are not
in demand This measure should eliminate ultimately the conse-
quences of the former distributive system in trade and to make
possible for the enterprises normal trading in the future. The
use of thus obtained subsidies which suits best the interests;
;epresentsta problem, which must occupy the attention of workers'
collectives and executive organs of all trecle enterprises. Practice
has shown in the last few days already certain defficiences in
regard to the employ of obtained subsidies - which are contrary
to the correctly conceived interestzof the enterprise. In the first
place, subsidies,when the enterprise has already obtained them,
lose the character of outside means and become a component part
of the turn over means of the enterprise on which the State has
no pretentions to get them back, And this means that the obtained
means need not be necessarily used at any price immediately to
the full extent.If the momentary situation of the enterprise does
not require to engage fully the means et) disposal in this period,
the enterprise should not lower prices to such an extent, which
get the character of spoiling prices in order to achieve a.
transitory and shortlived increase of trade.
Another occurrence of Wrongly conceived proper interests which
has been remarked is that some entorpries use in a linear manner
means for lowering the price of a berg? number of articles 1 so te t
that with really unsalable goods the lowering of prices is not
sufficient to revive the sale of these articles, while with articles
which are in demand the lowering of price y not at all necessary.
Eati_gome enternthss_ed
The most serious irregularity while lowering prices was made
by those enterprises, which have carried out this decrease in prise
of normal saleable goods, wHle the prices of goods which are not
in demand and who are in stock for a long time because of high
prices and poor quality,were not at all decreased . Their calcu-
lation was d simple and cy.
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profitable to make use of this occasion to gain customers and to
compete with other enterprises in the locality, to increase trade,
by selling normal goods much cheaper than others. On the other
hand they did not take the trouble to liberate themselves from goods
which are not in demand, thinking that the nate will have to in-
tervene againpor that the lowering prices of these goods cannot
give results - because they think that these goods cannot be sold
anyhowi?. even at lower prices and that it is more profitable tO
use these means for more luctlative objects.
Such a calculation is obviously- short- sighted and directly
detrimental to the enterprise itself. Competition with such means
to gain customers will give no results, because the enterprise will
have to return to normal prices after spending the moans at its
disposal. Increase of prices will produce lack of confidence of
consumers which will be hard to eliminate afterwards. Such goods
will remain in stock. Interest will reduce the wages fund of the
employees and the mans will be insufficient to %cop permanently,?
the necessary assortment. New subsidies shcbald tot be on nor
should they be expected, because such a.measure is incompatible
with the present economic system., This means that the enterprises
will not be able to operate successfully and to make secur.0 for
-employees a corresponding wage, particularily when the rnnning costs
have to be covered soon '.l from realised differences in prices.
Besides this, enterprises should boar in mind that trade takes
into consideration a certain risk and that ,they will come into tie
situation to sell some product in the future below the purchasing
price. For such cases one should secure means by leading a correct
policy in fixing prices, and particularily by taking into account
new supplies of goods in needed quantities, corresponding assort-
ment and prices, their timely arrival and olher.abnditionS7-WIliOn
are imPortant for normalttrading.
The'price policy in enterprises is one nf the most important_
and responsible activities where all the members of the wof':.ker8'v.
collective should participate compulsively.
( TRGOVINSKI.PPIT4170,
une 1991952 ).
DISCUSSIONS, OF NEW ORGANISTION-OF L7C.URE
? ? ?
At the 'invitation of the Association of University professors and
other scientific workers, Moss Pijade, Vice-President of the
Praesidium of the People's Assembly of the FPRY gave a lecture con-
cerning-the pre-draft of the Law on the.Constitution concerning the
Supreme, Federal, Republican and autonomous organs of authority at
the Mathematical Faculty, in Belgrade.
At the beginning, Masa Pijade.stressed that it is not possible as
yet to give some full and definite formulations and postulates in
this extremely voluminous and ,important work and exposedshortly the
history of the development of our socialist democracy.
In the second,part of his iecture.Mosa Pijade referred, to the
most important postulates which should be introduced in-the project
of the Law on the Constitution and which, most probably, will make
the basic structure of this law. Besides this, he referred to
some details which in the present pte,Lifie -pf dios=sion,have h-?;1
.
accepted as the most ac-CePtable ones".
; - One of the most important characterisfiPsic)f the new system
is the Producers' Council in representative *bodies; beginning from
District and Town Councils to the Federal Assembly. This is an
order whi,ch wilJerepresent- a powerful bulwark to bureaucracy and
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state capitalistic element. This is a guarantee that our revolu-
tion will not be distorted.
Another important characteristic is that the centralorgans will
keep only those functions which cannot be executed by the basic
organs of the People's Authority, functions which belong to the
whole society as a whole and which must be executed in a democratic
manner.
The project has the intention that the principle of uniformity
of authority - a principle whose values were understood during the
war and proclaimed already in Jajce at the Second Session of the
AVNOJ - concerning a matter which is more real than it. wa5, the case
at present. This has to be secured by the role of the People's
Assembly as the sovereign supreme organ of authority, which con-
centrates in itself both legislative functions and executive
authority through its proper organs, The basic project will be
devoted mainly to federal organs of authority, In a few words only,
so to speak, in a few sentences, this project will refer to
Republican, and autonomous organs of authority, as much as to give
the most basic principles which weuld secure the uniformity of
the system ?in the whole state. All the rest has to be produced by
the republics themselves, through their basic laws, andby autonomous
units through their statutes.
In the first place stands the People's Assembly as the represen-
tative body of the people of our country, PS the supreme executor
of its sovereign rights and as the supreme organ of authority in the
framework of those rights which belong to federations, Strict
attention is paid that the sovereignty of our 6 republics must be
respected and that nothing should be taken for the fedLration which
could not be executed by the republics themsalves or by lower organs.
- District and town deputies will be elected directly ly the
electors, The number of inhabitants which will elect one deputy
has not been established as yet. ',lost probably we shall keep to the
project that one deputy should come for every 70,000 inhabitants.
Thus we would have: about about 280 district and town deputies to
which number one should add 83 republican and autonomous deputies
because each republic would elect 12, while the Vojvodina 7 and the
Kosmet 14. respectively, namely - only 83, so that the Federal Council
in its full composition would have about 360 or so deputies. If we
add to this that the Producers' Councils accefding to the project
should have half or up to 2/3 of the number of deputies in the
Federal Council, this would be yet an assembly of more than 530-540
deputies.
Mesa Pijade went on to say that the mandate of?the deputies of
the Producers' Council should last two years and concerning their
number, according to the population of a republic, and speaking
later concerning the committees of the Assembly's Councils he said
that the pre-draft has not elaborated sufficiently their competence.
-
Too much attention has been paid to the Committees of the Praesidium,
so that one has got the wrong impression that in the case of the
existence of these committees of the Praesidium the Assembly's
Committees would be superfluous, that they would not have anything
to do, an impression was formed that the Praeiaidium has become
some sort of a government. On account of this, while elaborating
further the project, attention will be paid that these matters
should be cleared up sufficiently,
There were opinions, on account of that disagreement, that one
might abolish the Committees of the Praeisidium and that the
Assembly itself might administer also executive authority directly
through its committees. However, there is no such Assembly, nor
can it exist, nor can such a body take up such a role of daily
administration of functions of authority. The Praesidium is here,
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but conceived only as a separate organ of the Assembly, its organ
to whom is entrusted the administration of daily work.
The project will underline the collective character of the
activities of the Praesidium, because its committees are nothing
else but a supplementary means in the internal division of work.
- A novelty which is introduced by this Law on the Constitu-
tion is the President of the Republic. This institution is intro-
duced out of practical reasons, which we have felt in these past
few years, particularly in regard to abroad and also otherwise,
According to this project on the Constitution and according to
proposals which have come later, the President of the Republic is
elected by the Assembly from the ranks of the deputies, in fact
from the ranks of deputies which have been elected to the
Praesidium .and consequently by electing the President of the
Republic, the Assembly separates from the Praesidium one of its
members to whom it allocates this function. He remains a deputy
with all his rights and duties as a deouty, only he does not vote
in the Assembly. He is responsible for his work to the People's
Assembly, which has in regard to him the same rights which it has
towards the Praesidium. The mandate of the President of the
Republic lasts as long as the mandate of the Assembly.
- How will the organs of authority look in this new system?
The Federal Government and the Reublican Governments as separate
and independent administrative organs exist no longer. The organs
of authority fet an administrative character. The men who are at
the head of the administration as state secretaries are only
officials: they cannot be deputies and are responsible for their
work to the Praesidium and to the People's Assembly, although
they will have in such a position sufficient independence and
power of authority to execute their functions at the head of the
institution. State officials who are in the ranks of organs of
administration will not be deputies, namely by being elicted as
deputies they will lose their position.
The army will be able to have its deputies in the Assembly,
but how they will be elected and other problems in connection with
this have not been solved as yet. In general, there are still
many detailed problems which must be studied, but we hope that we
shall be able by October to present this oroject on the Constitu-
tion to the Assembly for solution.
At the end, Mose ijade said that there are still difficulties
which must be overcome during the drawing-up of this great
project, but that they will be surmounted and that this great
constitutional reform will produce great and gratifying results.
(POLITIKA - 27th June, 1952),
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SOCIAL PROTECTION OF EMPLOYED PEOPLE ,
One hears a great deal lately about a great number of meetings
and numerous discussions within the collectives, devoted to the
protection of employed people, hygienic and technical protection of
work.
This is s very positive occurrence. This problem existed in fact
,formerly, but new- under new conditions -.in the first place, under
conditions of self ziataamnt by-workers, the concern for the man
must be ever more expressed as the most direct interest of society,
primarily of tthe collective where he works.
This interest cannot be comprehended in a rough, business like
sense of the word, although even such aecalculating analysis would
show up a great number of the collectives as wasters because of the
-relatively ErOquent 2.(1i.?yif.ntrligneeand as a consequenee a large number
of unnecesszsarily lost working days.
In'the imilding industry and in building in 5eewiA.nle of Yugo-
slavia 2,3135.117 working days were lest last year on account of
accidents and different illnesses and social insurance paid out was
437,121?106 dinars. In the-building industry in Slovenia, in the fire-6
three months of this year, where otherwise :building technique is in
general on a high level, there were 322 accidents ...at work, ?? ?
is ;:wt Lnr,aeths cr,isst:%nn.nfonilanA:primanily of damage
done to our economy, It is the qe4estion of social intcrest, as a .
humane and noble striving of the socialist community to protect the
working man, to secure fo:7Jinim at his job ever better conditions of
work. Is not this interest expressed most clearly in all tho- plans
bf new objectives, where bright and healthy factory halls are pro-
vided for, different protective means and hygienic installations, in
order t to offer to our working .man at his job all the spelbillAties
which will make his work. nicer and more enjoyable,
This is in fact the essnce of the -problem,
Distorted conceptions in some of our collectives that expenditure
on hygienic and technical protection of work are unnecessary expenses
an-profitable exist. This is foreignto our socialist community..
One must not permit that on account of the slogger of struggle-for?as
.great a production as possible and rapid construction, bureaucratic
indifference to conditions of work should infiltrate in our?work,trs'
collectives. And such exiet
' In the collective of the hydro-electric power station "Buzenica",
which otherwise since the very beginning is surpassing all norms in
building, 4 wtnskers were accidentally killed, At the hydro-electric
power station "Mali Zvernik" more than 100 members of the collective
were seriously injured and otherwise in the month of April. At the
recent plenum of the CC of Building Workers of Yugoslavia it was
brought forward that some building enterprises on -0-4ects, in which
are invested 30 to 40 million dinars put aside only 30 to 40 million
dinars for hyienic-technical protection.
In our society man represents the highest value, For him, and
-
not for some abstract )eople, we are building socialism, The care
about such a man has been entrusted to the collective, where he is
trained daily as a conscious builder of socialism. But as much as
the collective is not up to this task and its directors neglect this
task out of misconception, then the society must intervene through
its organs,immediatelY and in a decisive manner.
The services of the Inspection of Work-have not been always
effic?ientesafar, rapid and energetic. The social interest demands
that, as it has already been shown at many meetings of Party and
Labour Union organisations, that these services should strengthen
their Control over the hVgiD_n_j& and technical Protection in enter-
prises. 81aFtrOyRq Ffi1k14tIelgR2061 5CaW-INg-3-WIth5FWAPMIAR9Alre itself,
because it is responsible for this matter to society.
(BORBA - 28th June. 1952).
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MEETING OF THE ECONOMIC Ce.UNCiL OF THE YUGOSLsV GOURNKENTI PRIOR
70--TRE-77nAGsNISATIGN OiItLE ECONAIC sPrARTTIUS
A meeting of the Economic Council of the FRY Government was
held in Belgrade together with the presidents of Economic Councils
and Councils for Legislature of the republics, Reorganisation of
the economic apperatus was discussed, The present economic
institutions, namely.councils, will unite into a uniform apparatus
of Economic Councils, which will function E.E0 tron'sitory forms until
the new Law on the Constitution.
The basic distribution of activities in this uniform a:opera-.
tus will be made is 2 sectors: eccnomic-olanning Pnd administree
tive-judicial. Tha economic-planning seceion .1)1 work on the
preparetion of proportions of' its social Plan, perfection of its
scientific methods of planeThg, economlc analysie or. balance
sheets. The adminietrateve-iudiciel sector will study and pro-
pose organisational economic probleme and edministeative measures.
The present administrative reulations end decreeccwho are not in
harmony with the development of relations in pro(!uetion and in the
economic system in general in our country erd tr Ters.octives,
will be substituted witn severel economic laws,
The reorganisation of the economic apparatus means at the
same time also the liberation of a great number of state employees
and exserts (about 5,000) who will be alloesSed other positions in
theeconomic apparatus of District and 7own People's Committees,
This will raise to a great extent the professional level of the
People's Committees, whose role todpy in the new economic system,
is much more imeortant then Formerly, The People's
Committees, as well as federal and republican economic apparatus,
will prepare the pro'sortiens of the social plans in the limits of
their rights, complete data concerning production and distribution
of the national revenue in ehe districts, the carrying-out of
legal regulations in economy, etc.
Most of the experts for the People's Committees and enter-
prises, after the unification of the economic appPratus will be
given by the Republican Councils for Industry. As we learned,
about 15 highly-qualified experts of +els:8 council in n H will
be appointed as directors in large economic entererises and 28 of
them will take up duties as chief engineers in different industrial
enterprises In the other republics the situetion is more or less
the same. The People's Committees are alresay ereparing the
necessary measures to take osce. those experts and evJloyees.
Besides engineers of different professions, the enterprises
will be greatly strengthened with exoerienced cemmercielists
after the execution of the-unification Such a cadre is particu-
larly needed by production, because a large number of our workers'
collectives do not find tibieir way in commercial affairs As
learned the greatest number of employees who are foreseen for
appointment to People's CommUtees of districts and towns, as well
as economic entererise have a. university education and a
professional experience of long standing,
(BORBA - 28th June, 1952).
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COMPETITION IN HONOUR OF SIXTH CONGRESS OF THE CPY
INITIATIVE OF MEMBERS OF PEOPLE'S FRONT OF SERBIA
Many of the People Front organizations of Serbia have decided
at their meetings to hold competitions in honour of the Sixth Congress
of the CPY. ,Members of the People's Front gave the incentive for these
competitionYYA11 mainly consist of political, cultural-educational and
physical culture work, health education and improvements of towns and
villages.
The People's Front organizations will compete within the limits of
their respective districts, however, there are examples where People's.
Front committees of some of the districts have nited PP organizations
in other districts of Serbia or of other republics to. compete. For ,
example, the PF committee of the district of Djajovica, in honour of
the Sixth Congress of the CPY, has challened-all the PF committees in
the districts of the Kosovo and Metohija region, the?PF Committee of
the Zajecar district in Serbia, the PE committee?in the district of-
Gostivar in Macedonia and the PF committee of the district of Ivangrad
in Montenegro.
The members of the People's Front of the District Of Djajovica have
envisaged in the program of competitions the building of roads, bridges,
fountains and wells, the completion and building of schools on which
work has already started and the building of new schools as well as
dispensaries and cooperative .homes. In the invitation for competition
sent to the mentioned PF -committees in .Maedonia', Montenegro ,and Serbia
proper, there is also an item for organizing members in the Struggle for
-protection of public property.
One of the numerous PF organizations which will participate in the
competition is that of the district of Trstenik) which has invited to
competition all the PF committees of all the districts. in Serbia. This
competition should start on let .July.
(BORBA - 28th June, 1952)
THE MAYOR OF ISTANBUL IS COMING TO OUR COUNTRY
We learn that the Mayor of Istanbul, Dr. Fahretim Gekaj will
visit Yugoslavia probably towards the end of July.
As has already been reported, a Turkish Parliamentary Delegation
will come to Yugoslavia towards the end of July or e.t t:16
of August. It is-said in Belgrade that the visits of the.-3e high person-
alities will represent a notable sign of friendly rappro, hcment between
the' two countries. (Yugopress)
(BORBA - 28th June) 1952
RENOVATION OF THE YUGOSLAV FREE ZONE IN SALONIKA
. Yugopress learns that very soon work on the renovation of the.
IYugoslav free zone in Salonika Harbour will begin. Experts are already .
busy on plans for-the-reconstruction of the zone.
As it is known, during the last month of the war, the Yugoslav
Free Zone in Salonika Harbour was completely destroyed, and all the
installations, warehouses, magazines and buildings were razed,
. All the reconstruction and installation. work will be done by a
Yugoslav enterprise, and an agreement on this.was recently reached
between representatives of the Yugoslav and Greek Governments,
Under the. 1923 Convention, Yugoslavia was given for free use 76 square
kilometres (?-Ed) of Salonika Harbour, Until the war, this free zone - -
represented an important business centre which used to handle about
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250,000 to 300,000 tons of goods (loeding and unloading). Yugoslav
export experts believe that in the present situation traffic in the
Yugoslav Zone at Salonika could be considerably greater than before
the war. It is believed in Belgrade that the exchange of goods not
only with Greece but also with the countries of the Near East could
be promoted through this zone.
(EORBA - 28th June, 1952)
SITUATION IN ZONE A OF THE FTT
SLOVENES FORBID-DEN T0USf ER LANGUAGE AT nEETINGS OF TRIESTE CITY
COUNCIL (Trieste, 27th June)
In commenting on the first meeting of the newly elected City Council
of Trieste, PriMorski Devni1 notes that this meeting represents one, of
the most shameful pages en the history of the co-calied 'Tefenders of
Democracy" in Trieste. The Slovenes of Trieete, says tLe paper, are
still fighting for the . most elementary hymen right of the use of. their
mother tongue. The irredentists, who in the pre-election campaiI.
appealed to the Slovenes in the Slovene language to vote for them, the
day before yesterday made noise in the City Hall to prevent the use of
the Slovene language and sheueed to Slovene representatives that they
"do not understand that language."
For the population of Trieste, concludes Primereki Dnevnik, the
meeting of the tewly elected City Council is anotner errefutaTele proof
of what the Italian irredentists coneidcr to be democracy and protection
of human rights. (Tanjug)
SLOVENES FilOTEST TH PUTTING INTO EFFECT OF THE DECISIONS OF THE LONDON
CON2ERENCE (Trieste, 27th June)
The night before last, at the meeting of the Liberation Front of
the Fourth City !ard of Trieste a resolution was adopted protesting the
putting into effect of the decisions of the London Conference. The
population of Trieste, it is said in the resolution, do not want the
bureaucrats from the Government in Rome. The populption of Teleste
is sufficiently'. mature to elect frem its.widst men who can administer
the territory without any interference by foreigners. The present
attitude of the Italian Government towards the .Slovene national minority
in Italy and the experiences of the long years cf Italian rule. in Trieste
show sufficiently clearly the hostile attitude of the Itelian edminis-
trat s towards the Slovenes; therefore, the Slovenes will, it is said
in ie resolution, fight for their rights and for the realization of
th decisions of the Peace Treaty with respect to the FTT. (Tanjug)
eee *
TRIAL OF COMINFORM SPIES OPENED IN BUJE
(Buje, 27th June)
Yesterday the Circuit Court in Buje opened the trial of seven
persons chtrged with espionnge and anti-popular activities in favour of
the Cominform. The following face trial: Anton JUGOVAC from Buje,
Gaetano PEGORANO from Venice, residing in Porto Rosa, Guiseppi DAVANDO
from Piran, Anton RAK from Dubrave, Guiseppi SOLIERI from Trieste,
Aldo GALUZZI from Modena, livine in Umag and Anita SALTO from Momjana.
All the accused had been collecting confidential political and
economic data in the Yugoslav Zone of the FTT and hed been submitting
it to the Cominform leadership in Trieste. The accused had also been
conducting hostile propaganda against popular authority.
Anton JugoVac, who heads the list of the accused, admitted yester-
day during his interrogation that he had been receiving from Theodore
BALBI, a Cominform agent *in the Cominform headquPrters in Trieste,
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directive concerning the data which he had to collect in the Yugoslav
Zone and instructions on how to communicate this data to the .Cominform
leadership in Trieste. He also admitted having drawninto this anti-
popular work the other six persons who now face trial. The trial is
continuing. (Tanjug)
(B2RT3P, - 28th June, 1952)
MEETING OF THE COUNCIL FOR INDUSTRY .AND PUBLIC WORKS OF THE FpRY .
.THE OBJECTS HAVE BEEN. DESIGNATE'D WHICH -4ItTo BE GIVEN PRI eRENCE IN THIS
YEAR'S CONSTRUCTION
Changing over to the new method of financing the key projects of
capital construction demands -the prior confirmation of the correct
standing of individual objects, of how the concern over these projects
can be turned, over to the social community. This is why the material
on the condition of investment construction envisaged in the Social
Plan, which up to now has been managed by federal and republic agencies
and which in the near future should be transferred to the peoples'
committees and the enterprises, has been classified along with the pre-
parations for the reorganization of the federal and republic economic
apparatus. At yesterday's meeting the Council for. Industry and Public
Works of theFPRY, presided over by Minister-President Svetoar
Vukmanovic, this matter was studied.
According to the opinions of the representatives of the republic
councils, there exist considerable differences in prices for construc-
tion in individual republics which were either brought about at the
time of recalculating the valueof material from the old to the new
economic prices or as the result of the increase in the volume of work.
The greatest increases which resulted in the changeover to the new
economic prices showed up in Croatia and Serbia.; but the representatives
of these republics did not present convincing reasons to justify this.
situation. Steel mills are being built in Sisal( and Zenica, for
example, under practically the same conditions but the construction
._work in Sisak is much more expensive. Therefore, it Was decided that .
experts confirm the estimates-for individual projects and on the basis
of their opinions a decision will be made to increase finances for
their completion.
The increase in construction expenses as a reseat of the increased
amount of work was brought about because .individual objects were not
initially introduced in the original list for this year because of the
lack of blueprints or because there was not a sufficient amount ,of money
provided for their construction. Along with this, the representatives
of the republics were seeking an increase of credit and for the
construction of some projects which are not included in the Social
Plan. The entire documentatjon on the condition of work in the construc-
tion of individual key objects of capital construction, provided by the
Federal Social Plan for this year, will be classified during the course
of the coming month as to how they can be turned over to the local
social community which in the future will concern itself with their
completion.
The conclusions which were reached at the meeting of the?Council
decided as to what manner of action will be taken with key objects in
whose construction difficulties are appearing as the res it of the
shortage of blueprints, subsequent introduction in the Plan, etc. The
work on objects which appear in the original lists,biltlor which
additional credit is needed for their completion because of mistakes
in their planning which resulted from the lack of blueprints, will be
resumed. In the same way work will be resumed on those key objects
which were not completed last year. If there are sufficient finances
work will also be resumed on those objects which were started last
year but on which work had to be stopped this year. Under the same
Conditions, work will start on those objects which were not provided
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for in the plan and where possibilities exist for their completion by
the end of this year. The Connell also decided :that in alloceting
additional means for the capital construction of key objects specific
attention be paid to the needs of FR Macedonia.
The Council then studied the position of the drawing up of blue-
prints and on concluding contracts on the delivery of equipment for
the key objects. In conclusion the Council examined the assignment of
highly skilled cadres from the federal and republic economic apparatuses
which must go to work in individual key enterprises after the
reorganization.
(PCLITIKA - 27th June, 1952)
YUGOSLAV AIRWAYS PLINE FOC) TO UsND IN ITALY
Three passengers armed with revolvers forced the pilot of the
passenger plane which runs on the Zagreb-Pela line to change its
course and to land at an airport near Foliono in Italy the day before
yesterday. It is learned that the crew of the plane and all the
passengers, with the exception of the attackers, returned yesterday
by the same piano to Yugoslavia.
(POLITIKA - 28th June, 1952)
HUNGARIANS BUILDING FORTIFIUTIONS AND Ci,PRYING OUT MILITARY EXERCISES
J,LONG THE YUGOSL:Al BORDER
Yugopress learns that Hungarian troops have of late been intensively
building along the Yugoslav border pillboxes and heavy machineeven nests,
digging trenches and putting up barbed-wire entanglements. 1 particular
activity in this respect has been noted in the sector between the towns
of Zala and Kerke and in the sector of the town of Sepedin (Szeged)
where several rows of trenches shoulder-height are being built.
New airports are being built and old ones repaired in Hungary,
especially in the vicinity of the Yugoslav border. Work is also going
on in the improvement of strategically important railway and road
communications, particularly those connecting Hungary with the other
Satellite countries and with the Soviet Union or which lead towards
Yugoslavia. New sections of railway lines are being built, double-
gauge tracks are being laid and existing lines electrified. Work is
nearing completion on the building of a direct road from Moscow to
Szeged, in the vicinity of the Yugoslav border. Great strategic
importance is assigned to this road, which is 16 metres wide.
Lt a number of places near the Yugoslav border, troops are camping
under tents. The units which are camping there are carrying out day and:
nieht exercises in which tanks and artillery units are also taking part
in addition to infantry. Those units which are camping at Dunafoldvar
are keeping a large number of pontoons and boats on the bank of the
Danube. (Yugopress)
(POLITIKA - 28th June, 1952)
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THE WORLD IN WHICH WE LIVE: LULLABY
The Scandinavians are noted by their quV6cence and their
calmness. It is very .difficult to excite those cool MaT3d Fotherners
and still .more difficult to make them angry. It seems almost
impossible to disturb them. Nevertheless, the incident which
occurred in the northern waters ten days ago a;70ueied the
spirits in Sweden so stron1 that .for anyone who at least once.
visited that beautiful northern country and saw those peaceful, and
seemingly restful, for the outer world uninterested men, scenes
from Stockholm streets in a news reel.pieture incredivle,
It happened exactly 11 days ago. From. the coast of Sweden
a Swedish ? rescue pla:ne LZ:VT off for the Baltic to search
Swedish plane "Dakota" type Which was 7..&_t three da-,ee; narler M the
Baltic waters, It was supposed that the lost :plane had a emztne troubl(
and that in the fOg which was especially dense then,the pilot
could not find his way so that he crushed into the sea) When the
rescue plane flew over the Baltic, 15 miles from the coast of
Estonia, two Russian fighters dived on it. The madt short work of it.
The completely unarmed Swedish rescue plane was in a very short
time riddled with machine gun bullets the Russian plane. It
crushed into the sea.
The exasperation which seized Sweden was like a lava from a volcano
which was dormant for years, Almost at the some moment when the
news reached Stockholm, several thousand demonstrators, in that
otherwise always quiet city, marched towards the Russian Embassy,
and the Swedish police had difficulties to prevent dangerous
expressions of dissatisfaction of the urowd. _which carried stones
and was threatening, The excitement even with those most
cElm apirits-, was the more greater because the Swedish Government
after the loss of the "Dakota" requested the Soviet .authorities
to help them in the search. Instead of that they shot down the
Swedish plane ? which Leek part in a pure?humaiitarian mission.
The Swedish. Government immediately sent a sharp protest
.
against "acts of violence" demanding theT,,, enders
and' to reedem the damage
. The Russians acted
according to?the old stereotyped habit: the Swedish plane, the
reply stated, violated the holly Ruseian territory and even
opened fire. SuCh cynism after the pirate like attack in the air
far from the Russian territorial waters ,even by Russian
disputable measures, went beyond all the limitsand offended
even the most unsensible hearts. Someone could nevertheless be
found who would be ready to concieve that sad episode over the
Baltic as a regretatle and perhaps even caSal. incidenfe. ?
had not an espionage trial began exactly at the same time, a
trial which has not been conducted in Sweden for years. ? Seven,
Swedish citizens are indicted fc serious espionage, activity",
which under the Swedish law is punished by most rigid penalties.
The main accused are Enbon and Gjersford, correspondents of the
organ of Sweden's Communist Party from the port city of Lule.
This very nice small town is known to tourists throughott-the
world by the fact that there at the far North the sun can be seen
almost 24 hours passirw from East to the West in front of your
eyes. But this town is still more noted. in Sweden by the importance
of its port. Enboriand Gjersford collected information about
military manoeuvres, about the- morale of Swedish troops, details
about military strongholds and handed all that an attache of
the Russian Embassy throughout ten years, from 1941 to 1951.
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-40-
All that what happened in the course of only a few days
broke in Scandinavia . the last illusions about the Russian
good intentions. By this the 'accords eta dangerous Russian
lullaby have probably been stopped for ever - at least in that
part of Europe. This is the lullaby about neutrals. The English
are especially afraid of its accords in Egypt and in the Near
East, The Russians are e?nging: that lullaby to those small
countries which under present conditions cannot ate tam .
their slaves, but are intending to take them over from the
influence of the West. The motto is roughly this: You small
countries can buy your salvation and be spared in the future war
among the great ones if you remain neutral.
The fear of the English of this lullaby is understandable.
For the countries of the Near and Far East which' experienced .
the full weight of colonial and semi-calonial chains this may
seem to be very attractive. Men in these countries do net know
the Russians, the far away Russiaamay 1)1k tteT lake a
good natured white bear who plays the balalaaka elle to ismilIng
complaisantly,
Ho* does it come that the melody is now ahaagacl La Sigeden?
Is it not the country which kept strict neutrality for exaotly
139 years. She was neutral in both world Wars. Wishing to
safeguard her security snd sedateness even after the war she
did. not wish to enter into various western combinations and
drew upom herself a liaht anger of the West for stubborn refusal
to enter into the Atlantic Pact. Is that not an: ideal neutral?
May be it is and the Russians know this well. But their
melodious lullaby has also its second part, its fortissimo
ending. It seems as if it is teats,.Lnew in the I?V.rth. When the
neutral is sufficiently neutralized, then coaies little and gradual
frightening, demonstration of strength,the9 compalsion. The
good natured bear slowly begins to be changed into a gluttonous
wolf. Finland felt that very well more than a decade ago. For
the "security of the Soviet Union" she had to give up Carelia.
Has not the demonstration of strength and feeling ' the pulse
begun now in Sweden. Because the scraps of the lest "Dakota"
found in the open sea, show that this plane was riddled with
bullets too.
But by that what has been seen the Russians have rushed -
chasing the fox they awoke the bear. The Swedes. replied resolutely
firmly and sharply. They have nevertheless objected to tha rumours
from the West which made use of this to point that the whole
incident could bring the Swedes into the Atlantic Fact community.
The Swede a there at least for the time being will not do this. But
tarough thear Sovereign they inrormea openly tne Russians to keep
their hands off, that they will be firm in defending if the danger
names to their borders. All signs show that the events of the last
days suddenly united all the inhabitants of this northern country
ranine from isolationists to the followers of most active defence.
The traditional Scandinavian solidarity was agr:',.r. felt.
This entire regretful event over the Baltic and the Swedish
embitterness gave a good lesson to the whole world. It is sure
that this melodious Russian song - sleep tight until I ?
swallow you up - will lose a great deal of its attractiveness there
where they do not know the Russians and are still trusting them
because, it is always so with the Russians - as a witty western
diplomat once said: they have thu charm of the unknown until you
get acquainted with them. As soon as you know them that disappears
and you feel ill at ease how to maintain cOntket. Is there anyone
who felt that trouble more than we did? /s/ M, Radoicic
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(TLITIKA - 27th June, 1952)
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UNDIMINISHED DANGER
There are a special kind of men in Europe, who are
trying, whenever it is possible to draw'the attention from the
main danger to details, When MacArthur, not consulting with
his Government, wanted to extend the Korean war on Manchuria
these men were not satisfied with Truman's decision about his
replacement. A mistake which has net become a danger, indqoed
then the neutral circles to suddenly underestimate the danger
of the Soviet aggression. Beside this rumours were heard: are
the Yugoslays not too loud? The Soviet Union has not yet attacked
them, the Soviet danger is exaggerated.
It would not be odd should the latest events in Korea have
as a consequence similar reasonings. The necessity to undertake
something on the river Yalu can be discussed about. However,
everyone for whom such a question would be the cause to forget
or belittle everything else, would show by this only his short-
sightedness or intrest- to preserve his own peace. Western
Europe is fortunate because its greatest statesmen got rid
of the Munich illusions, but it could not be said that the very
nzychology which Munich produced completely disappeared in Europe.
Talks about exaggerated defence measures remind us of the
days when the classic peacemakers of the pre-war period we:'8
selling small nations. Daladiey', having sealed the fate of
Czechoslovakia in Munich, stretched himself, as the memoires
say, completely exhausted on a sofa and asked for a glass of
Munich beer. He sold the independence of Czechoslovakia; but
this was at the cost of his nerves. WouA all these gentlemen
with exposed nerves?demanding of the present world not to
prepare for defence, ask for Russian culinary specialties
tomorrow? Are they not aware: by what price would the democratic
people pay each compromise which would only be an introduction
to aggression?
We raise such questions out of many reasons: on the West
there are men too who are conceiving their wishes as reality.
One of these charged - in the name of peace - Yugoslavia for .
having resisted to the Moscovite hegemonism. That:namely;
brought. as he says; to the definite enslavement of satellites
as the Russians were frightened of the effects of the Yugoslav
example!
Men who speak in such a way do not see or are not wishing
to see the essence of the Soviet policy. The need is felt in
the Russian policy to disturb Peace incessantly and at all cost
Moscow ascertains that it wishes 'a united Uermany and that is
why in the course of four years it twice attempts with'the blockade of
Berlin or with similar measures to unable an effective compromise.
Or: in 1946/47 Moscow incited the depression in Iran, backed the
Azerbaijan separatists, Explaining his: attitude, Stalin complained
to the American Ambassador: how the West prevents Russia to approach
the world's oilfields, But as soon as he saw that the West could
concede in Iran, he introduced a completely new pretext for
intervention - the security of Baku.
Conflicts which are moving On the edge of the world war
are necessary to Stalin. Beside conquest motives, he inebriates
his peonle with distrust and hatred 2 in order to maintain them
more easily in subjugation. All punishments and warnings inflicted
?upon Eastern Europe have not in the least confirmed the thesis
of neutrals. Regardless whether they points to the weakening or
strengthening of Moscow, those are very provisional and completely
insufficient measures. Measures which are neither last nor final,
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It hapnened that the whole theme falls on the day when four
years ago in Bucharest our revolution was tried. Many people
abroad will not recall this day. But something else is important
for them too: In June 1949 we lived in the period of the cancellation
of trade agreements by the East-European countr:les; in June 1950
the provocations of Bulgarian border patrols reached their climax;
in June last year the kidnapping of our frontier guards took place
and a few days ago the Hungarian Government marked this "anniversary"
by mass flights of its planes over our territory. Those are the
details of that unchaged anti-Yugoslav policy from the East.
Yugoslavia does not forget this. Neither will fol-get the one who
considers himself as a faithful ally. /s/ J. G.
(FOLITIKA - 28th June, 1952)
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GREEK DELEGATION WILL STAY IN YUGOSLAVIA ELEVEN DAYS
(Belgrade 27th JuneT
The Greek parliamentary delegation invited to Yugoslavia by the
PA of the FPRY will arrive on 6th July, in the evening, and stay in
this country until the 17th July. It is expected that a Yugoslav .
parliamentary del.eation will go to Greece to return the visit soon
afterwards.
Members of the delegation, representing all Greek parliamentary
groups, will be present on 7th July at the celebration of the day of
revolt of the people of Serbia, in Belgrade. On this day they will
also lay a wreath on the Tomb of the Unknown boldier at Ayala.
An official luncheon will be given in the Skupstina in honour
of the guests; and on the evening of the same day there will be a
reception for them in the Praesidium of the PA of the PR Serbi9.
On the 8th July the delegates will look over our chief city,
insect vari)us peasant workInq noopera'AvF,F in the Veyvodina, and
visit the Chief Committee of Autonomous Districts of the Voyvodina*
Marshal Tito will receive the delegation on the 9th0
After a three-day stay in Belgrade, the guests will tour
Sarajevo, Zagreb, Ljubljana, and Skoplje. The guests will break their
journey from Ljubljana to Skoplje in order to meet some membersof the
People's Assembly of the FPRY in Belgrade.
(.BDRBA - 28th Juno 1952)
PLENARY SESSION OF THE CC OF THE PEOPLE'S YOUTH OF YUGOSLAVIA BEGINS
As previDusly announced, the seventeenth extended session of
the CC of the PY of Yugoslavia begins in Belgrade at 9 o'clock this
mroning.
Tha a0nda consists of the following: - 1) Discussion of certain
problems of youth work 2) Discustion of the projected statute of the
PY of Yugoslavia, and 3) the arrangements for a congress of the PY.
According to information from the Bureau of the CC of the PY, the
plenum will cotealer the proposal that the congress be held on
29th December this year, that is to cay, on the same day that the
first congress of the USAOY was held on, in 1942 .
-(BOPBA- 28th June 192)
DISCUSSION OF OUR NEW INDUSTRIAL BRP-.NCH
LARGE PLANT FOR ARTIFICIAL P1BRES--VIMSE
For quite a. long time one commission of our experts has been at
work studying conditions for the construction of a factory for pro-
ducing artificial fibres?viscose. Viscose is a fibre which is
produced in the form of artificial silk, wool or cotton. We are
talking about a plan which is of great economic importance for our
economy and whose construction will last three to four years.
Revolution on the raw materials textile market
The production of artificial fibres was started on a large scale
in 1896 even though the idea for this type of production existed a
lot earlier than that. At the beginning artificial silk was expensive
substitute with poor physical and chemical qualities. But technicians .
and chemists very quickly succeeded in produting a good and cheap raw
material which began to conquer the market. In 1898 _viscose was
produced. Before the Second World War, it covered 80 percent of the
world production of artificial fibres. In 1903 the production of
artificial fAilipreeediForuRitlealseta00P,ON13 :tOftgRaen-EN415a9 tD2aQ9110,01,983, 000 tons.
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Artificial fibres were increasingly squeezing the natural fibres
from the market because artificial fibres were considerably cheaper
and production was not restricted by natural conditions, land,
climate and similar. During the Second World War another artificial
fibre appeared on the market (nylon, perlon, etc.), and today in all
industrially developed countries all of these fibres are being
produced in great quantities and serve a multitude of purposes in
many industrial branches.
Our possibilities
Cellulose is the basic raw materials for the production of viscose.
It can be produced from beech wood or straw. ee have this in consider-
able quantities. Sulphuric acid is also expended in great quantities
for transforming liquid viscose masses into hard fibres. We also have
plenty of this. Then you need caustic soda and other chemicals,
lignite or brown coal and so on. All of the basic row materials
(except some dyes) can be found in sufficient quantities in our country.
The Five-Year Plan provides for producing new textile goods by
using domestic raw materials for the production of artificial fibres
from beechwood and lumber-mill wastes. If we take into consideration
that our needs are constantly increasing and that the production of
natural wool, cotton and silk is limited, then the production of
artificial fibres has an extraordinary economic importance for us.
The construction of this factory would not satisfy all the needs
of our country in respect to artificial fabrics but the production of
this factory would primarily satisfy the basic needs. Besides this,
the construction of this factory would greatly influence the promotion
of our textile production and our foreign-trade balance.
20,000 tons annual production
The basic products which will be prodUced by this plant will amount
to about 3,100 tons of artificial silk, 15,500 tons of artificial wool
and cotton, then 700 tons of cellophane and 700 tons of "cord" silk.
A large amount of raw material will be necessary for this production.
According to an estimate, the daily expenditures would be over 130
carloads of straw or 100 carloads of cellulose wood, about 80 carloads
of lignite or over 50 carloads of brown coal, 10 ca4oads of industrial
salt and about 18 carloads of othJ'r raw materials. This amounts to
about 200-240 carloads a day.
While artificial silk, cotton and wool serve for the production
of fabrics, "cord" silk is needed in the automobile industry as a base
for pouring cruse rubber and it is A lot better and more durable than
cotton fibres which are being used today. Cellophane has numerous
uses in faod, tobacco and other industries, then it is also used for
packing products for export and similar.
The process of production will be mostly automatic so that only a
little over a thousand workers will be necessary, of which mostof them
will be skilled and professional. This means that the factory is
highly profitable. And so products will be far cheaper than natural
fibres.
One or a number of factories?
It is understood that the construction of this plant will add much
to our economy. It is estimated that the annual production will amount
to about 7 billion dinars. But the construction of this factory re-
quires the solution of a number of problems: communications, supply of
raw materials and similar. At the time of studying this problem, the
experts had to solve a number of things. They primarily discussed
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whether it was more profitable to construct one factory with a large
.or two or three factories with smaller capacities in individual
republics. They agreed that it is betterto build one large factory,
located in the centre of the raw-materials base for from an economic
viewpoint and for general interests tITis is the best solution.
But at the time of studying what is best and most suitable, some
experts were influenced by particularistic notions and did not
consider economic interests in general. It is obvious that the question
deals with realizing a high accumulation (for production is very
economic, but nevertheless it is basic to assure the interests of the
entire Yugoslav economy).
Yugoslav
The most economic thing to do is to build the plant at the lower
end of the Bosna or Drina Rivers; a definite decision has not been
issued. This region is given first consideration because it is in the
centre of the raw materials which will be used in great quantities
(lignite, wood and chemicals which can be obtained from Sabac, etc.),
while the transportation costs of the finished products to individual
republics will certainly be less. /s/ LjubisaeRistovic
(B0aBA.- 24th June, 1952)
SIXTH SESSION OF THE DANUBE COMMISSION
_DISCUSSION ON YTG0.771-75-0.1570-7=i7?RE.VISION OF THE RULE OF PROCEEDINGS
AND OF THE STATUTES HAS BEGUN
(Galatz, 27th June)
At ted; y's meeting of the Danube Commission at which discussion on
the third item of the agenda-Yugoslav proposal for revision of the Rule
of Proceeding and of the Statutes of the Danube Commission-the repre-
sentatives of Hungary, Czechoslovakia, Bulgaria and Rumania tried to
deny the fact that the meetings of the Danube Commission have only a
formal character and the task of voting through what the Soviet
delegation had prepared in advance. The Hungarian delegate proposed
that Yugoslavia be offered the position of Assistant Secretary of the
Danube Commission, the position of Assistant Treasurer and some other
less important positions in the apparatus of the Danube Commission,
The Hungarian delegate accompanied with ironical remarks directed at
the Yugoslav proposal, for which reason the head of the Yugoslav
delegation, Dragoje Djuric, asked the President of the Danube Commission
to call the Hungarian delegate to order. The Czechoslovak, Bulgarian
and Rumanian delegates supported the Hungarian delegate that allegedly
an end should be put to the "abnormal occurrence" of Yugoslavia not
having a representative in the Secretariat and in the apparatus of the
Danube Commission.
After the speech by the Rumanian delegate, the meeting was
concluded. At today's meeting the resolution made yesterday by the
working group pertaining to the question of coordination of hydro-
meteoroligical service on the Danube was adopted. The next meeting
will be held tomorrow morning at which the Yugoslav and Soviet delegates
are expected to speak.
(POLITIKA - 28th June, 1952)
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MEETING HELD BY CLERGYMEN FROM THE DISTRICT OF STRUGA
The Church Sub-committee for the district of Struga organised a
conference of clergymen from Struga and the district attended by delegates
from Skopljeand Ohrid as well. The clergyman Sinesija Popovski submitted
a report on the work of this Sub-committee. The parttcipants then discussed
various problems affecting religion and superstition? The behaviour of
some Orthodox clergy and other priests was subjected to.criticism blamed
for abuse of cultural backwardness of the people in some parts of this
district encouraging superstition for their own benefit:,
At the end of this conference greetings telegrams were sent to the
Church Committee for Macedonia and comrade Lazar Ktaisevski.0
(NOVA MAKEDONITA- 22nd June, 3.952)
REGARDING A SERMON BY A SLOVENE MONK HELD IN THE SLOVENE LANGUAGE IN TRIESTE
In Trieste a whole scandal appeared to happen because of a sermon held
the - Slovene Salesian monk OVetko. The TrAv!ate Bishop Santin having
learnt that on that occasion the church was full of Slovene believers
requested from Cvetko to leave Trieste without any further delay. As
he had no appropriate travelling permit, Ovctko continued performing his
duty until a permit for transfer was issued, Then the 7ieaders of the
Salesian order in Torino as well as the Bishop Santin himself suspended
Cvetko "a divini".
Recently the Trieste Bishop Santin called on the leaders of the
Salesian order in Torino. The object of this vAsit was to outline the
policy of Italian irredentists before the general session et, leaders of
the Salesian order took place It was also necessary to see how the
Salesian monks in Trieste were going to back to a larger extent the
Fascist campaign waged by the Bishop Santin and accordingly suspend all
Salesian monks of Slovene origin in the .same manner as Cvetko was relieved
of duty. As a result by would not dare to preach in Slovene in Trieste.
This cnnference was held in the spirit of"Christian loVe". Results
did not fail to be produced. The leaders of the :e'alesians issued an order
to the head of Salesian monks in Trieste Zigiotti concerning a prohibition
of letting one single Slovene even spend a night in their -cloister in
Trieste. In Torino preparations are being made upon instructioxle from
Don Tirrineo for this general meetingutde-rthe following slogan g "Trieste
belongs to Italy" and "Italy has sa@rificed half a million soldiers for
Trieste". Salesian magazines carry articles of the escaped war criminal
Dr. Blatnik as well as of other members of the White Guard written in a
hostile spirit against Yugoslavia. The object of all these aTticlos is
to support the just struggle for the spreading of ChristIs teachings
waged by the Bishop Santin".
Such a behaviour of the Bishop Santir, is very similar to that of
the Bishop Rozman who in the same manner suspended the Partisan clergymen.
Professor Lampret and the priest Bait were excommunicated for these
same reasons. Today in our country there is nobody including the
clergymen who could believe in the necessity of thaexcommunications
suspensions and discriminatlson of clergymen members of the Cyril-Methodius
Association under the pretext that all that was necessitated by religious
reasons. Today all honest citizens in our cauntry are aware of the fact
that all that is nothing else but political manoeuvres of the Vatican
and the representative-- of the Nunciature Msgr. Oddi dMed at the abolition
of the ERY and the establishment of a Central European Catholic Federation.
For this purpose they also used some clergymen in our country with the object
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of claiming claiming that religion is being nersecuted here.owing to the fact that
this is to the benefit of their own aspirationse
The espionage activity of Dr. Dlatnik during the National Liberation
Struggle and today, when he is engaged upon the organisation of an
espionage network in our country issuing instructions from-Rome, has
already been exposed. The monastery at Rakovnik was a centre of the
White Guard where numeroum Vnblications wore . The activity
of Salesian monk Than is today following the same lines in Slovenia'.
On the basis of such a stand adopted by Salesian monks in Torino
and the leaders of the Salesian Order in Slovenia during the occupation
and after the liberation, one can easily understand what the role of the
leaders of Salesian students of theology in Ljubljana is. 411 of tca
still maintain links through couriers with the escaped Salecian monks
continuing to work under their instructions. Therefore t'ne allegations
made by the public saying that something is wrong there are quite
justifiable.
(Signed) Sasa Vrhovec
(SLOVENSKI POROOZV:;LEO - June 26, 1952)
VEEN IS MR? VOVK GOING TO ?BAK', WITH EIS PRO7OGATIONS?
The workers from Jesenice sent a message to Mr0 rovk telling him
not to come to Jesenico for confirmation andthum prevoke the people who are
embittered because of his behaviour especially displayed in the recent
time. Our workers have learnt what the contents koccircula letters
issued by Mr, Vovk and their political baekgroune; Therefore these
workerq also told him that in case he might turn up they would be
compelled to send him back. Dut Mr. Vovk failed to take this warning
into consideration and last Sunaay arrived in Jesenice. Probably he
believed that in that manner he could commit one of his "heroic deeds"
thus becoming a "martyr" and furnishing an "argument" on the persecution
of religion to be used by his oympathisers. In fact in our country
religion as such is not being persecuted but only those who are using
it as a screen for their hostile and anti-national activity. For this
reason exactly the wrokere prevented Mr. Vovk from coming to Jesenice
last Sunday. Nevertheless, although he had an obv as intention of
provoking the people, he failed in achieving that owing to the fact that
a large number of working people sent him back to Ljubljana in a quiet
and dignified manner. Az a result Mr. Vovk had to smile and instead of
appearing as a "hero" or a "martyr", he played the role of a lown. We
maintain that Mr. Vovk deliberately attempted to provoke an incident
and therefore condemn all acts of this kind which have nothing else
as an object but to furnish "arguments" on the persecution of religion
in our couttry to the benefit of the enemies of Yugoslavia.
(SIOVWSKI POROOEVALEO June 26, 1952)
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STATI NTL
JOINT TRANSLATION SIKRYICE
SUMMARY OF THE YUGOSLAV PRESS
This Bulletin contains translations from Yugoslav newspapers and periodicals. It is intended for the use of
the participating missions and not for general distribution. Accuracy of the translations is not guaranteed.
-N-o , 650 INDEX 3tfrJ,I52.
P.1. Headlines of Borba of the 29th June
Headlines of Borba continued
Headlines of 771itika of the 29th June
headlines
of Borba of the 30th June
Headlines of Borba continued
'Headlines of Politj.ka of the 30th June
FROM POLITIKA OF THE 28TH JUNE
P.5, What has become of signatories of the_Cominform Resolution on
Yugoslavia?
New motorvessel from shipyard Uljanik put into use between
Rijeka. and Kotor
FROM POLITIKA OF THE 27TH JUNE
P,8. Regulations on adjustment of import and exwf prices,
FROM BORBA OF THE 28TH JUNE
P.6,
New.economic regulations: free import and export:
Employment of students from other republics will
permitted
Tax on surplus of wages fund
not be
P.13. Letters to the Editor: What society expects of experts
go in for specialisation
P.17. Doctors' conscience (Article)
who
FROM POLITIKA OF THE 29TH JUNE
P.7. Itisits to the Ministry of Foreign Affairs
FROM BORBA OF THE 29TH JUNE
P.7. Regulations on Social Insurance of members of co-operatives
are being prepared
P.16. Burmese delegation visits Chief Co-operative Union of the
FPRY
Decision of Council of Scientific Academies concerning
relations with foreign countries
P.18. Statement by Dr.Gruber's statement to the Editor of
Neue Weiner Taves Zeitun
P.21. Plenum of the CC of the People's Youth of Yugoslavia
FROM BORBA OF THE 30TH JUNE
P.9. Speech by Mesa Pijade at Magyar Cultural Festival in the
Vojvodina
P.14. Celebration of the 5th anniversary of the annexation of the
Slovene littoral to YuLoslavia: speech by Boris Kidric
P.20, Co we Nye gogoevipp 5 : ClIA-RDP83-Q0415R012300110009-3
om marshal Tito
*
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HEADLINES
- 1 -
BORBA 29th June 1952
P.1. PLENUM OF THE CENTRAL COMMITTEE OF THE PEOPLE'S YOUTH OF
YUGOSLAVIA
STATEMENT BY DR. GRUBER TO THE CORRESPONDENT OF "NEUE
WIENER TAGESZEITUNG"
HYDROELECTRIC POWER STATION MOSTE TO BE PUT INTO OPERATION
TODAY
WITHDRAWAL OF OUR REPRESENTATIVES FROM BULGARIA: YUGOSLAV
DIPLOMATS ARRIVED IN BELGRADE LAST NIGHT
SESSION OF THE DANUBE COMMISSION AT GALAC
AGAINST THE REMNANTS OF THE PAST (Editorial by Vida Tomsic)
REGULATIONS ON SOCIAL INSURANCE OF CO-OPERATIVE MEMBERS
UNDER WAY
P.2. Party conference of the Zagreb region
Political events
Session of the legislative committee and the committee
for people's authority of the National Assembly of
Macedonia
People's committee of the Kapodistria district adopted
social plan and budget
BURMESE DELEGATION VISITS CENTRAL CO-OPERATIVE UNION OF .
THE FPRY
Anniversary of the battle of K000vo
Experiences of local authoritles People's Committee
Of Skonlje district develops farms of soclalist
democracy
Uraft regulation oft :pensions to be Considered soon
DECISIONS OF THE COUNCIL OF ACADEMIES OF SCIENCE CONCERNING
RELATIONS WITH FOREIGN COUNTRIES
Letters to the editor:
Unhealthy state to be removed at the Faculty of Arts in
Belgrade by mutual underStanding and good will
Geographical maps of pre war edition - on sale'?
Could our requests be met?
P3. Concerning,LOndon agreement on reply to USSR note about
Ciertiany: invisible but definite socialist oppo34tion
Another release of Anna Pauker?
);k
NORWEGIAN MINISTER IN BELGRADE DECORATED WITH THE MEDAL
OF THE YUGOSLAV STANDARD
Trygve lie in Paris
The Balkans and the aspirationsof Rome (Article by Jasa Levi)
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?2?
P.3. Events in Korea: Installations on the river Jalu bombed
for the fourth time
P.4.
"In the name of their own peace" (Article by Zdravko Pecar)
FIVE BULGARIAN CITIZENS ESCAPED TO OUR COUNTRY
SENTENCE PRONOUNCED ON MINFORM SPIES AT BUJE
Officials of Rumanian ministries charged with corruption
Work Of United Nations organisation: A significant victory
of small and underdeveloped countries (Article by Ivan Zic)
ON THE OTHER SIDE OF THE BORDER: TALK WITH CUR DIPLOMATIC
REPRESENTATIVES WHO RETURNED FROM SOFIA YESTERDAY
Letter from Paris: riddle remains unsolved (Article by
Miroslav Vitorovic)
P.7.
Peak of electrification: eight hydroelectric power stations
will be completed next year
Latest news:
Conference of the International Labour Organisation
comes to a close (Reuter)
Shinwell demands special UN session (Tanjug)
Arrest of the leader of Cl' of Canada
Sentences for sabotage in Eastern Berlin (AFP)
POLITIKA
P. 1. CALLS ON MINISTRY OF FOREIGN AFFAIRS
London talks (Article by M.M.)
P.2. Militarization of Soviet satellites: Hungary arming speedily
P.3. Fifth anniversary of annexation of Slovene Littoral to
Yugoslavia celebrated at Ajdovwcina today
Tourism and pvictis; summer resorts in Slovenia are
excellently arrand but owing to hi6h prices hotels
are half empty (by M. Milanovic)
P.4.
P.6
38th anniversary of the assassination in Sarajevo: wreaths
laid on the graves of Bosnian patriots
A children hospital for trePting tuberculosis opened
in Skoplje
NEW WAY OF FOREIGN EXCHANGE BUSINESS
Coke of indigenous coal manufactured at the Chemical
Institute at Ljubljana
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-3-.
HEADLINES BORBA 30th June, 1952.
P.1. CELEBRATION OF THE FIFTH ANNIVERSARY OF THE ANNEXATION OF THE
SLOVENE LITTORAL TO YUGOSLAVIA
CONGRATULATORY MESSAGE FROM MARSHAL TITO
SPEECH BY BORIS KIDRIC
THE CONCLUSION OF THE HUNGARIAN CULTURAL FESTIVAL IN THE
VOJVODINA: SPEECH BY MOSA PIJADE .
Petar Stambolic addresses large meeting in Nova Varos
FOR A CHEAP BOOK (Editorial)
Celebration yesterday of the putting into operation of the power-
station Moste: Franc Leskosek starts both agregates working
Important increase in European steel production in the first
three months of this year
Listing of places important during the People's Revolution:
Committee appointed ftr, this task with Aleksanuar Rankovic as
Chairman
P.2. Assembly of Lawyers of Bosnia and Hercegovina: there is a small
number of young lawyers and law students
Letters to the Editor:
How to prevent an ugly appearance of our towns
"Cultural backwardness" - or just - backwardness?
Teachers - yesterday's pupils
Superfluous remarlc
An interesting discussion
P.3. FTT: THE ITALIAN AUTHORITIES PREVENT THE DEVELOPEENT OF THE
TRIESTE SHIPBUILDING INDUSTRY:
OPENING OF TRIESTE INTERNATIONAL FAIR
TRIESTE RADIO STATION INCLUDED IN ITAJ.,IAN RAIJI0 NEMRK
Presidential elections in the US: General Eisenhower brings out
his foreign policy programme:
House of Representatives approves law on military aid abroad
US opposes extraordinary session of General A6oembly on
account of Tunis
Greek Government to undertake sharp measures to protect its
economic programme
Acheson's visit to Berlin: Acheson discusses with Halstein the
answer to the Soviet Note on Germany: US will defend its
position in Berlin
BULGARIA UNDER THE FOREIGNER (Article by A.Petkovic)
The position of direct production in the USSR (Four): the
social and legal position of workers and farmers (Article by
Radovan Jaukovic)
P.4. Lively discussion expected in British parliament
US lays before UN documents on compulsory labour in the USSR:
police control of Roumanian peasants
Britain is increasing her steel and pig-iron production
Unveiling in Vienna of monument to Nikola Tesla: Yugoslavia
represented by Sava Kosanovic and Yugoslav Minister in Vienna
Viktor Repic
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P.4. Conference of cultural workers of the Hungarian minority
Vladimir Prelog awarded doctorate by Zagreb University
Iran seeks sharper boycott of Israel
Italian firms are buying Iranian petrol
Resignation of Egyptian Government
A bomb with Soviet marking falls on (lamp- in ?an Mun Jom:
United Command sends Note to Chinese and North Korean
representatives
Unrest among French Socialists because of Lovatt's statement
on the possibility of Manchuria being bombed
Tardy conclusion of agreements: in Belgrade only in three
skilled trades have agreements been concluded with the ?
workers
POLITIKA
P.3. Letter from Paris: an attempt to revive the "Vichy tradition"
(,rticle by Branko praskovic)
REPORT IN LIE NUE ZEITUNG OF GRUBER'S STLTNT ON VISIT TO
YUGOSLAVIA:
TWO NEW TRADE AGRzEl?=ENTS .a1TH AbSTRIA
P.4. From the foreign press:
Wiener Kuricr: Brutal murder at Eisenstadt
The Times: eaand air manoeuvres
40 students from France; England, Western Germany and the
Scandinavian countries, America and Canada, to attend seminar
in Ljubljana
Question for discussion: difficulty in restoring apprentices
to the level of pre-war apprentices
Ten-year review of the plan for the development of agriculture
in Macedonia: during the next ten years more than 30,000
hectares of new land will be brought under cultivation
International laboratory opened at ?alic to fight mulberry
pest
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WHAT BECAME OF THE SIGNATORIES OF THE COMINFORM RESOLUTION ON
YUGOSLAVIA-
The list of representatives of satellite countries of Eastern
Europe who signed this famous resolution in 1948, provides an
interesting picture. Great gaps have appeared in their obedient
ranks and those who remain have full reason to tremble at their
situation. This is how things are. Let us consider the list of those
who signed:
Bulgaria. Trtajco Kostov -sentenced to death and liquidated.
Cervenckovis still...the chief servant of Moscow in Bulgaria.
Roumania, Georgiu Dez, in the good graces of his bosses for the
moment. The other two signatories, Vasile Luka and Anna Pauker -
expelled from the Politbureau. ?
Hungary -all three, Rakosi, Farkas) and Gere are untouched) but
Rakosi and Gere are ,said to be at daggers drawn. News agency reports
in Budapest Say that Judin has been obliged to "create order".
Poland - no-and hears anything of Jakob Berman, who is believed
:to have.fallen into disfavour with RokOsovsky. The other signatory)
Zadavski, has not.-yet- got into trouble.
Soviet Union. Zdanov, one of those who moved the resolution) is
dead. It is impossible to confirm what sort of death he had. But it
is known that, after his death, a purge was carried out among hip
protegees: the comrqde of his Leningrad days) Presdient of the bocial
Plan vosnesenskil disappeared: a4.so, the composition of the Leningrad
district party committee, which Zdanev had appoihted, was changed.
Maljinkov and Suslov are still alive.
While the French signatories stiU have their heads above -
water, the Czechoslovaks have all disappeared rapidly: 81anski) ?
Geminder, Bares -all are under arrest. Slanski was seluc.,ebeed for
high treason. Only Siroki is still at liberty.
The Itlaian signatories. were Tattiand Seksija. Teliatti
has been on "sick-leave" in Moscow for a long time,
Of twenty-one signatories) therefore, seven have already ?
been liquidated or are officially in process of being liquidated.
That is, one third of them. In any case, a fine result of a four-year-
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. (POLITIKA - 28th June -1952)
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THE NEW ECONOMIC REGULATIONS: FREE IMPORT AIND EXPORT
According to a decree which was issued yesterday by the FPRY
Government it was provided that the export and import as well as
payment for .00ds and other expenses can be done without any permits.
Such business may be run by state economic enterprises, enterprises
of co-operative and social organisations and co-operative organi-
sations who as exIorters-importers are registered with the competent
state organs. The realised foreign exchange means can be freely
disposed of by the economic organisations, except in that portion
which is handed over to the National Bank.
The decree provides that the settling of foreign exchange
accounts will be executed ty the National"Bank theeugh its separate
sections within its head offices, or if needed within its branches
in the more important economic centres. The right of direct buying
and selling of foreign exchange means will have economic organisa-
tions tad the National Bank. Economic organisations can bujrforeign
exchange means if they are registered end if they pay in the pres-
cribed yearly subscription, and through the bank they can buy these
means regardless of the above.
The settling of accounts in foreign excnence will be regulated
on the basis of rules which the Governor of the Uational Bank will
prvecribe with the approval of the Minister of Finance of the FPRY.
The rules regulate particularly: tae manner of concluding business,
the right and duties of the oarties, the minimum amount of foreign
exchanee which can be directly bought, the way of establishing the
daily rate of exchange, the registration of economic organisations
who operate in the settling of foreign exchange accounts, the amount
of yearly subscription, the level of cvrmitsian of the National
Bank and the way of handing out contracts.
Private persons, according to the stipulation of the proposed
decree will , have the right to buy forei,7n exchanL;e to travel
abroad, the amount and way will be prescribed.
(BO RBA - 28th June, 1952) .
EMPLOYMENT OF STUDENTS FROM OTUR REPUBLICS 4ILL NOT BE PERNITTED
ThAePPnve
War:41193Y 289PMFAMRP84f00141t5Wrelnal IMIONemed all
enterprises and tnstitutions in the republic, that the government
Anoe ?+ nc-rmi+ thP pmillnyment of students from other reeublice and
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- 7 -
TAX ON THE SURPLUS OF THE WAGES FUND
The Federal Government has issued a decree concerning taxes
on the surplus of the wages fund. According to this decree economic
enterprises which realise a greater wages fund from the one which
complies with the average wages in economy will ha,e to pay taxes )n
the surolus of the wages fund. The taxation basis for the assess-
nsht of taxes on the surplus of the wages fund is represented by
the .difference between the achieved wages fund and the wages fund
which complies with the average wages in economy 9 (the average
wages fund).
As average wages for workers and employees in economy and pay-
ment for work of apprentices in economy on the basis of which is
established the average wages fund, the sum of 9,000 dinars monthly
for full time work is fixed, and for apprentices in economy - their
reward according to existing rules,
The Minister of Finance of the FPRY, in agreement with the
President of the Economic Council of the FPRY Gevernment,can allot
to economic enterprises in individual economic branches, namely
groups of enterprises,sadventages in the payment of taxes on the
surplus of the wages fund by increasing the avera3e wages fund,
The surplus of the wages fund which ata Le agricultural farms
will not distribute remain to these enterprises for their reserve
fund and will not be taxed, These means will bsused for the pay-
ment of earnings in those years, when because of inclemency, the
plan will not be fulfilled,
The trade enterprises will continue to calculate and pay taxes
on the surplus of the wages fund according to the present regulations
regulations.
Assessment and payment of taxes on the basis of the
wages fund, according to the stisuiationsof this decree will begin
from January, 1952.
(BORBA - 2eth June, 1952).
VISITS TO THE MINISTRY OF FOREIGN AFFAIRS
At half past twelve yesterday the French Ambassador in Belgrade,
M. Philippe BaUdet, was received by \eljko Vlahovic, Deputy
Minister of Foreign Affairs, and remained in conversation with him
for about half anhour.
On the morning of the same day the Assistant Minister of Foreign
Affairs, Leo Mates, was visited by the United States Ambassador,
Mr.George Allen and the British Ambassador, Sir Ivo Mallet.(Tanjug)
(POLITIKA - 29th June, 1952).
REGULATIONS ON THE SOCIAL INSURANCE OF 1,-ILLese oF CO-OSER,%TIVES
TIRE BEM PRI=D-
The new Law on Social Security is in course of preparation.
The law will comprise the basic principles of social security of
members of peasant working co-operatives. The new law has very
great importance from the point of view of the life and develop-
ment of our co-operative system. This is the first time in history
that a social system has provided for the social care of farmers in
the case of illness, old age, and so on. In the Law on Social
Security the rights of co-operative members will be fully protected
and concrete measures will ooventh6:conditions and requirements of
the co-oseratives.
(BORBA - 29th June, 1952).
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REGULATIONS ON ADJUSTMENT OF IMPORT AND EXPORT PRICES
The Economic Council of the Government of thr FPRY has issued an
Order pertaining to the calculation of prices of exports and imports.
This order is a part of the economic-legal regulations by which, as of
1st July, there will be put into effect the new foreign-exchange system
and the new regime of imports and exports.
The order regul:stes the method of calculating prices of imports
and exports which commercial import and export enterprises will be
making as well as the producer enterprises which will be dealing in
imports or exports
Unlike the previous method of calculating prices of exports and
imports, under the present method the calculating will be done in an
automatic way by means of fixed coefficients, The order provides for
a total of 14 coefficients ranging from 0.80 to 4 on the basis of
which calcul-tions will be done.
Which articles come into consideration for calclAation with the
National Bank.
The Minister of Finance of the FPRY has by his decision fixed also
a list of those products for which calculations with the National Bank
will be made. For those articles which are not in the list of
coefficients, enterprises will not be ccounting with the National
Bank. The prices achieved in the country for articles imported and
abroad for articles exported will represent the realization of the
enterprises and these realizations will figure as the revenue of the
enterprises. One can conclude from this list of articles that only
those articles that have considerably higher or lower prices on home
market than the prices of the same articles on foreign markets come
into consideration for accounting with the National Bank.
For those articles which figure in the list under coefficients
below 1, as for example 0.80 or 0.90, the enterprises will be paying
in the plus difference when exporting and when importing they will be
charging the minus difference in price. For those articles which
figure in the list above coefficient 1, as for example, 1.20 or 1.30
and so on, the enterprises will when exporting charge the minus dif-
ference and when importing will pay in the plus difference in price.
How enterprises will increase their revenue:
The amounts of these differences will be fixed automatically.
When importing, enterprises will be paying in according to the prices
and conditions at which they buy the goods abroad--i.e., the lower
and more favourable prices they obtain, the less thiry will pay in or
the better conditions and more favourable prices they obtain for their
exports, the higher minus differences will they get. The minus
differences which the enterprises charge at the time of exporting
articles which are in the list of coefficients will be credited to
the revenue of the enterprises as being their realization. Therewill
also be included in the revenue of the enterprises as their realiza-
tion those plus differences which the enterprises achieve in prices
on home markets after paying in the positive differences upon the
basis of coefficients.
The fixed coefficients are the outcome of the relation of prices
of various raw materials, semi-finished articles and finished articles
in home and foreign markets, taking also into consideration the behavi-
our of these prices in the future.
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Premiums will bf___EliyIn for export of certain articles
Upon the basis of this Order, the import and export enterprises,
chambers of commerce and other economic organizations will be entitled
to demand from the competent economic-administrative agency that other
articles also be placed under the regime of coefficients if the
differences in prices make impossible their exchange with foreign
countries upon the basis of the basic rate.
Also, the competent economic-administrative agency may supplement
the list of articles which will come under the regime of coefficients
and also exclude certain articles from this regime depending upon the
changes in prices taking place on home and foreign markets.
However, these changes may take place .at the times of higher jumps
or greater depreciations in prices. Other insignificant behaviours of
prices will not effect changes of coefficients because under the new
.foreign-exchange system the enterprises will be achieving a fixed
compensation in prices at the time of selling and buying foreign exchange
on the daily foreign-exchange centres.at free rates of exchange, A
stability will thereby be brought:dnto the work of the enterprises
-which are taking into consideration the coefficients as a. firm orienta-
tion and in that way are being freed from everyday changes and from
the operational mixing by state agents in their work.
For the purpose of a regular and even carrying out of the balance
of payment with foreign countries and.for the purpose of ensuring the
necessary variety of foreign exchange, the Order also provides for the
giving of premiums for the export of certain articles to those countries
where the enterprises, by means of coefficients, would not find their
business profitable. Those funds which the enterprises get upon the
basis of premiums will also be credited to their revenues, so that the
enterprises will thus be materially interested in directing their
exports to a respective country in accordance with the needs of the
balance of payments with foreign countries and in accordance with the
requirements of the import-export policy.
-In order -that the enterprises should have the same conditions for
starting their dealings under the new foreign-exchange system and under
the new regime of imports and exports, the Order provides that differences
in prices in imports made up to 1st July can be accounted by the
enterprises with the National Bank either according .to coefficients
in force as of 1st July or according to real differences in prices;
a full compensation for past exports is thus ensured to.the enterprises.
(POLITIKA - 27th June, 1952)
- -MAGYAR CULTURAL FESTIVAL IN THE VOJVODINA
(Subotical 29th June)
Today, the last day of the Cultural Festival of the Magyar
minority, Mose Pijade spoke before a crowd of about 50,000 people. He
said in part:
?Comrades all; In many parts of Europe the frontier peoples, who
are rather mixed, have a sad history of struggles, frictions, wars,
hatred and so on. The Magyar people have such a history with their
neighbours. The people of Yugoslavia also have such a history with
their neighbours. There exist difficulties of joint life, but the
popular masses have never been those who have been creating national
hatred and national conflicts.
The history of those national conflicts, the history of those
frictions and wars between neighbouring peoples, between peoples mixed
in the frontier regions, has always been the history written by the
ruling, oppressing class. Therefore, it is not surprising that the
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writers of various history, both in the case of the Magyars and Serbs,
have been the servants of the ruling class and have written history
in the interest of the oppressors and never in the interest of the
people; in their books they have been glorifying the oppressors and
writing the history of wars and conflicts never seeing the popular
movements, movements of the oppressed class which has always found a
possibility for mutual understanding and for the victory of joint
struggle against the common oppressor.
It is time for the historians also to record true historic facts
and to stop writing in the future those things which separate the
peopls one from another and to seek in the history of the past those
things which brought the peoples closer together, those things which
had united the people. In hi2tory only the oppressed classes have
known how to understand one another, how not to feel national differ-
ences and how to have a common feeling for those who are socially
oppressed. The Serb and Magyar agricultural workers have always fought
a joint struggle. I shall not go into tLiLItails of this struggle
but shall only mention joint movements from 1896 and 1897 all the way
up to the downfall of the Austro-Hungarian Empire and of Old Yugoslavia,
I shall never forget Lajas Cakai who died in the Lepoglava jail after
ten years of imprisonment; I shall never forget his brave stand during
the trial in Belgrade when he defended himself like a true son of the
agricultural proletariat of the Vojvodina; I shall never forget how he
had lived and how he had died. He is only one example, a shining
example of the common struggle which the working masses of the Vojvodina
have fought.
History has recorded earlier struggles fought by united masses of
Serbs and Magyars at the time of the Doze Djrdja Rebellion, at the
times of the wars against the Turks, etc. The oppressing classes which
had been in power had always in history done everything they could to
incite national hatred, to incite chauvinism, to deprive national
minorities of their rights and to violate their rights. Why? Because
this had proved to be a good method of oppressing their own people too.
In Old Yugoslavia the various national minorities were oppressed in
order that the ruling classes could hold even the Serbian people in a
social and political slavery. If the powerholders in Hungary had been
oppressing their national minorities, they had been doing so in order
to be able to hold the Hungarian peasants in feudal slavery. It is a
proven truth that the nation which oppresses other nationalities cannot
itself be a free nation.
Comrades all, The National Liberation Struggle of the Peoples of
Yugoslavia and the Popular Revolution came about. This put an end to
every kind of oppressive ideology; this put an end to chauvinism.
The Popular Revolution had on its flag the slogan 'Equality of Peoples,
Brotherhood and Unity of Peoplesi."
Comrade Mosa Pijade then said that the slogan "Brotherhood and
Unity" is not simply a phrase or an expression repeated at meetings
andwitten on placards but rather a reality which every citizen of our
country feels, a reality which every nationality and national minority
in Yugoslavia feels.
"This is a reality which is being carried out through the entire
social and economic life. False socialists try to make a caricature
of this slogan of brotherhood and unity' said Mosa Fijade.
Result of work of an activity luring four years
"Today it is the 29th June, and strangely enough the final date
of this Festival of yours coincides with the date when four years ago
the Cominform Resolution was announced. I would not have mentioned
here this resolution at all but my Comrades since we are all gathered
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here in a merry mood today, I think that we should devote at least five
minutes of our time to the celebration of that fourth anniversary
(laughter and cheers). I do not know how Moscow, Warsaw, Budapest,
Prague and Sofia will celebrate this anniversary. I do not believe
that they have happy faces afterfour years of betherLwith Yugoslavia.
(strong cheers and laughter)
Comrades all, I consider that we are the only ones who really can
celebrate this anniversary.' We have freed ourselves of tutorship; we
have freed ourselves of. politicalleconomic and cultural dependence.
We have, by bravely cutting away from them, freed our country and
opened for it the true road to socialism.
In their countries it is quite the contrary. Although they say
everywhere in Hungary that the Red Army hastrought them freedom and
revolution, in reality Moscow has brought them only economic, political
and cultural slavery. One hundred years after the time when Russian
Tsarist Troops quelled the revolution in Hungary. in 1848, Russian
troops again enslaved not only the Hungarian but also the Czech,
Slovak, Polish and other peoples in the eastern pat of Europe,. It
,appears that the Russians are only capable of bringing counter-revolu- ?
tion and oppression."
All-round development of national. minorities
Comrade Mesa Pijade then dwelt in short on the results achieved'
in the building up of socialism in Yugoslavia and on the work of
cultural, economic and other developments of national minorities.
"You all know very well that never before has the cultural life
of the Magyars in the Vojvodina been so strongly and so intensively
developed as. now. This is also proved by the present Oultural Festival.
The result of cultural work of the Magyar national minority during
postwar years is the following: 119 cultural Magyar societies in the
Vojvodina, 90 libraries, 110 dramatic groups and a whole series of
folklore and musical groups and popular universities, 2 theatres, press
and books printed in the Magyar language.' To this must also be added
the fact that every Magyar child can study in the elementary and
secondary schools in the Magyar language. These areonly a few words
describing these achievements.
But my Comrades I do not say that everything has already been
achieved. On the contrary, we still have a lot to do forathe develop-
ment of these cultural achievements and on the development of all our
citizens as free citizens of a socialist homeland. In this country
there is no discrimination against any nationality either with respect
to participation in authority or with respect to participation in
national representations,. There are many Magyar workers in the Vojvodina
and no-one even thinks of differentiating between the Magyar, Croat or
Serb workers in the enterprises or in managements of the enterprises.
It is not only a question of brotherhood and unity; it is not only a
question of equal rights inpespect of culture; it is rather a question
of every citizen of this country regardless of his nationality enjoying
all the rights and being the bearer of all rights as well as an active
builder of a happy socialist country. It is the right of the workers
to administer production through self-administration of local agencies
of authority, through permanent concern that no-one is ever deprived
of any of his rights through ceaseless struggle against all the remnants
of harmful influences of those circles which in the past were the
bearers of chauvinism. In this way we shall build a happy country in
which everyone of its peoples will be able to live happily.
We consider that the Magyar workers in the Vojvodina and the
Magyar youth have to play a particularly important role in this work.
A struggle should be fought against all the harmful influences which
various quarrels could revamp. Let us bravely look to the future
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and let us fight everyday so that the equality and brotherhood and
unity of our peoples remain firm as they do today and that they be
strgnger and stronger as the days go by."
After mentioning that the National Liberation Struggle of the
Peoples of Yugoslavia and the Popular Revolution had created conditions
after the war which made it impossible for all the people in the
Balkans and in Central Europe to forget all the past hostilities and
to start living a new life in a broad brotherly community, Comrade
Mosa Pijade then said that the struggle of the Hungarian, Yugoslav,
Czechoslovak, Rumanian, Bulgarian and ilbanian peoples and their
firm desire to live in brotherhood, to help one another, to liquidate
all the traces of past conflicts and hostilities had .een stopped by
the Soviet Union by its avrri,sive policy and by its enslavement of
all these peoples with the exsoption of Yugoslavia which would not
permit itself to be enslaved and which has saved its economic and
political freedom, the freedom of all its peoples end their right to
build up such a society as they like and such as can bring them a
better and happier future.
"Although the Cominformists can celebrate the fourth anniversary
of the issuance of the Cominform Resolution," continued Mosa Pijade,
"let them celebrate it, but however I consider that they can do this
only with bitterness and fury over thT.! fact that through four years of
hurling slanders against Yugoslavia o barking at Yugoslavia and
making all possible intrigues against, they have not been able to
harm our unity in any way but, on tha contrary, they have rendered it
better and firmer than it has ever been and has built up unbreakable
walls on our frontiers. They are sowing hatred amcng the people, but
this can only last a certain time, and one fine day this brutal policy
of violence and oppression will have to end. Our will, our love for
freedom and independence will not be destroyed; our path and our
building up of socialism will not be destroyed but, on the other hand,
their oppression, their violence and their denationalisation will be
destroyed one day. In 1946 they established a Russian Institute in
Budapest. There were seventy students in that institute at that time.
In 1949 there were four hundred, and during this school year, there
are about one thousand four hundred, They call this 'cultural revolu-
tion of the Hungarian people' (laughter). In kpril this year the
Government in Budapest issued a regulation on establishing of special
Russian sections in elementary and secondary schools so that from now
on there will be more studies and lectures in the Russian language in
Hungarian elementary and secondary schools.
What is the purpose of all this; if it is not to make of the
Hungarian people obedient officials who will work not in the interests
of their own people but in the interests of their bosses in Moscow?
This is the most repulsive aggressive and oppressive policy which can
resemble only what Hitler and Mussolini did in the occupied countries."
Comrade Pijade then said that the happiness of all our peoples
lies in the development of socialist democracy in our country, in the
development of the rights of every person, in the development of econ-
emic.freedomthrough self-administratioL enterprises and through
elf-administration of agencies of authority. (Strong cheers and
chanting of Brotherhood and Unity and Tito and Party)
In conclusion Mosa Pijade wished the Magyar population of the
Vojvodina and of the other parts of Yugoslavia to continue developing
their abilities and to continue working on the development of their
cultural and economic progress.
(BORBA - 30th June, 1952)
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LETTERS TO THE EDITOR: WHAT SOCIETY EXPECTS OF EXPERTS WHO GO IN
SPEMTEr SAT I0-11?
Comrade Editor,
Since January 1951 up to the present day 42 of our experts
engineers - went abroad for:specialibationr 14 of them are still
on specialisation, while the others returned home,
But, if we look at the other side of this question, summing up
the result Of their work in transfering the acquired knowledge and
experience-on a broader scale, beyond thelimits of their workers'
collective, than we shall see with regret that these results are
very poor or almost none. If we only bear in mind that out of 28
holders of scholarship .who-returned, only-4 or 5 of them, by means
of holding expert lectures, consultations, suggestions, writing
in professional publications etc-, transfered their knowledge and
experience to other collectives and experts, then we can state -
without exaggeration that the community as a whole has benefited
very little with these experts.. With such attitude of theirs they
have not only fulfilled their obligations to an international
forum, but what is most important neither to their socialist_
cummunity which has enabled them to specialise abroad, Some of
them have not even informed- the institution through which their
stay abroad was organised. No administrative measures and what
is most important, nor moral .obligations which they assumed have
? induced these experts to come out from "their self-interets"
or their collectives and to put their knowledge and experience
at the disposal of the whole community,
What does this show to us?
In the first place careless relation of the-holders?of
seholarships towards the community, and then that in choosing
men we have made mistakes, If we add to this that some of our
experts, finding themselves abroad, lost almost complete,
contact with thir.-ownepountry; even not reading our press and
that some of themAilsely stated in the documents that they speak
foreign languages and this was only discovered at an international
forum, then mistakes that we made in choosing persennel becomes
much Clearer and more .convincing to us. Such men not only ?-
spoiled-the reputation and the interests of our country but
returning home continued to work with the same intention and
with the'Same lack of consciousness.
I think that in further sending of our men abroad
the moral politLcni charqdter of our man should serve as one of
the basic properties and Conditions beside other qualities, as
for example experteness, knowledge at least of one language etcv
The fact should not be forgotten, and the enormous task, that
the realisation of contracts on sending our men to specialisation
has won to begin, who are already chosen, and whose preparation -
should be steadily and solidly worked out. It is not a trifle
matter to prepare 350 workers, to teach them a language. To allow
a single man to go in for sp ecialisation? abroad unprepared would
mean making even a still greater mistake, it would mean not to be
consitent towards our community and its development.
Belgrade, June 17
(Signed)A. Zivkovic
Assistant Director of the .
Federal Office for Promotion
of Production
(BORBA, 28th of June 1952)
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CELEBRATION OF THE FIFTH ANNIVERSARY OF THE ANNEXATION OF THE SLOVENE
LITTORAL TO YMOSLAVIA: SPEECH BY BORIS KIDgIC
People from the entire Slovene Littoral gathered today in
the centre of the sunny Vipava valley of Ajdovscina to celebrate
the fifth anniversary of their annexation to Yugoslavia. By
special trains, trucks, busses and carts were arriving shepherds from
Bovec and Kobarid, peasants from bcrder regions, miners frcm Idrija
and those employed in the quarry of Kras.
Carinthian Slovenes sent theircLams to celebrate this
holiday with their liberated brothers. The people enthusiastically
greeted the chorus "Sreeko Kosovel", which in the most difficult days
during the war belng component part of the Ninth Corps,encouraged
with its songs the people of the Slovene Littoral. The Slovenes from
Trieste arrived by special trains,
The formal part of the festival under the auspices of Marshal
Tito began at about 10 a.m. About 30,000 men enthusiastically greeted
the arrival of the member of the Politburo of the CC CPY, Boris
Kidric. Vice President of the Slovene Government Dr, Marijan
Brecelj, organisational Secretary of CC CP of Slovenia Vida Tomsic,
former President of the Regional Cc=ittee for the Slovene Littoral
France Bevk, representative of the organisation of progressive ?
Slovene women of America Joza Zakfaisak, Slovene writer Etbin Kristen,
representatives cf the Yugoslav eoples Army, delegation of
Carinthian Slovenes and representatives of mass and cultural
institutions were already on the platform when Boris Kidric arrived.
The Secretary of the district Party committee for the district
of Gorica, Mirko Remec, after opening the festival, introduced comrade
Boris Kidric, who was greeted by the peopleryith long and
enthusiastic cheers: "Tito - Kardelj - Kidric", - the People -
the Party".
Peech by comrade Kidric
Having congratulated the people of the Littoral on the
fifth anniversary of their liberation and annexation to Yugoslavia
Kidric emphasized that this liberation .was the result of a hard and
deadly struggle.
In the first place this struggle succeeded because the people
from the Littoral alone conducted it with perseverance until the
final victory. This struggle also succeeded because the people
from the Littoral has not been isolated but was supported by the
entire Slovene and all Yugoslav nations who under the leadership of
the CP of Yueoslavia and comrade Tito rose up in arms and resisted
terror.
Kidric then recalled to mind the obscure forces which intend
to deprive us of the accomplished achievements. We know very well
today who those men are - that this is the bureaucratic caste in
the Soviet Union, which deprived even its own people of socialist
rights and introduced a blood-stained system of oppression and
exploitation of other nations under its domination. This bureaucratic
caste thought that it will succeed in making out cf our country that
which others did not succeed to do throughout centuries. It thought
that because we are small we shall kneel down, but that did not happen.
This did not hapeen because our whole people stood up in the defence
of achievements of the National Revolution , as it already did in
1941, when the Communist Party of Yugoslavia called our peoples to
rise up in arms.
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Comrade Kidric further said that there are men in the West
too, who think that the Cominform pressure of the Soviet bureaucratic
caste upon Yugoslavia could be exploited for their imperialistic -
intentions. Among those are the _imperialist circles in Italy
who think that the time has come when they can chip off from Yugo-
slatia. However,the struggle which is today conducted is not only .
our but of the entire progressive world. These imperialist circles
are wrong if they think that they will tear whatever part of
Yuroslavia. As to the Italian people, comrade Kidric said that
we do not hate them, but that we are wishing them all the best.
We wish that it develops and gains a happy life which we proved
in practice. We gave all the rights to the Italian. national minority
immediately after the liberation while Italy did the contrary with
our national minority which lives there.
Kidric then reminded that the Italian Government was given
sufficient opportunities to reach an agreement with our country and
to remove all misunderstandings. But the Italian Government is not
willing to accept the basis, on which this agrement can only be
reached. There they still speak .about some zone B which is completely
out of question because that was from ancient times our historical
and national territory. The participants of the meeting with strong:
applause accompanied the speech of comrade Kidric when he said that
it is possible tip speak about the agreement only in view of zone A
and no other.
Turning to the question of our economic reconstruction,. Kidric
underlined that the path of a small nation is not an .easy one nAil;her
when it fights for freedom nor when it builds up its own country -
in an already acquired freedom,He said thdt the greatest difficulties
of our reconstruction were behind us ,and that the time, is not far
when the life of our working- men will be tangibly improved, But,
he reminded here that the question of living standard is not that
which would exhaust the entire interest of our working men, because
many tasks lie in front of them, among 1Weich in the first place,
the building up of our socialist democracy.
A letter to cormade Kardelj was sent from the celebration
in which among other things the -following was said:
"On the occasion of the celebration of the fifth anniversary
of the annexation of the Slovene Littoral to Yugoslavia, the 'people
from the Littoral with gratitude recall your efforts for the
annexation of the entire Slovene Littoral to Yugoslavia. At the same
time the people from the Littoral are wishing you a speedy recovery".
The performance of an. artistic programme began after this.
A chorus consisting ef about 2,000 members appeared, while the youth
chorus had more than 900 singers. Their songs rebounded from the
rocks to the slopes of Trnovo forest and echoed towards Gorica and ?
Venetia Guilia, carrying greetings of the liberated brothers in
Yugoslavia across the frontier.
In the second part of the festival which continued in the
afternoon, bicycle races, A football match and other competitions
? were. held.
-----Natitnal_and revolutionary songs echoed till late in the night.
(BORBA - 30th June, 1952)
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BURMESE DELEGATION VISITS CHIEF COOPEInTIVE UNION 'OF THE FPRY
Members of the Burmese delegation now stayinm in .this country paid
a visit yesterday afternoon to the Chief Cooperative Union of the
FPRY. The visitors included the head of the delemation U Co Njin,
general secretary of the Bmrmese Anti-Fascist eague, and the newly
appoihted Burmese charge d'Affaires, U Ti Mang Ci.
During conversations lasting some hours with members of the Chief
Cooperative Union, the delegation showed its interest in the
organisation and development of peasant working cooperatives and
their difference from kolhosas.
In the course of the next fes days members of the Durmese delegation
will visit the peasant workine cooperative "Zara sociealizma" as the
guests of the Chief Coo-eerative. Union of Serbia, and will also look
over an agriculatural cooperntive of the general type in the
Kregujevac district and a vineyard cooperative at Veneac.
Statement by the deput heal of the BurrAse deleeation on his
departure from Zagreb
(Zagreb 28th June)
As he left Zagreb for Ljubljana the deputy held of the Burmese
delegation? Takin Cit Maun, expressed his satisfaction with the
welcome which the dele,Teion is receiving in Yugoslavia.
"The authorities have been very helpful in every Tespect," he said
"so that we shall be as suoeessful as possible in learning about
Yugoslavia. On that account the Burmese delegation wants to its
sincere understanding of the people and governemnt of the FPRY, On
behalf "of the people and goverament of the United Republics of Burma,"
(BORBA - 29th June:.1952)
DECISION OF THE COUNCIL OF SCIENTIFIC AC-OWIES CONCEPNING RELATIONS
WITH FOREIGN COUNTRIES
(Opatija 28th June)
At today's session of the Academic Council of the FPRY in Cpatija
it was decided that, as already arranged, certain representatives
of various branches of the social eliencesin Yuroslavia should still
attend scientifit congresses abroad. The ouestion was also considered
of the scientific work and employment of our scientiots ebroddo
Those eertieinating in this thibteenth session of the Academic Council
were also . acquainted with the fact that twenty of our
scientists have been present at fifteen scintific congresses abroad
this year. Also of importance to our scientific work is the fact that
during the same time fourteen of our scientists are working abroad.
According to an earlier decision of the Council; twelve more of
our scientists will be allowed to PO abroad this year, and if this
number proves to be insufficient, the number will be increased.
Of the fourteen national committees for individual branches of
science, which comprise the Academic Council, those which have not
so far joined international unions, will become members of them very
soon.
(BORBA - 29th June 1952)
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- 17 -
DOCTOR'S CONSCIENCE
A doctor's calling is rarely honorable and noble, especially in
a society which is primarily interested in its men and their health.
But itlooks like all of our doctors do not think that way, at least
not those who actions are not worthy of a man of our times.
Our press has written plenty about doctors who have avoided going
into the interior of the country. In realizing their aims, they made
use of many media. Some of them "completely accidentally" got
"seriously sick" when they found out about their transfers. And most
of .them suffered-from such sicknesses whose cure urgently demanded'
that they live in large cities. For example, Marijan Cenkic, Hanja
Katunaric and Klement Rus--all from Zagreb.
Others are giving up their calling and. are seeking new trades.
They are after anything at all just so that they remain in the city,
"without which they cannot even think of living." Naturally, this
includes voluntary work, giving injections, working at the .doctors
friends, etc.
The saddest thing of this is that there are quite a few young
men, recent graduate doctors, among these people. In being invited
to use their "professional .training", "general education", they are
stubbornly refusing to go into the interior of the country, as if
they cannot learn anything there (there are doctors who got a reputa-
tion in the provinces and became famous specialists).
Bozidar Kuljaca practically gave an ultimatum to the Council for
Public Health and Social Politica of the Government of Serbia:. either
Belgrade or its immediate vicinity, no other considerations! Radomir
Stevcic was directed to serve one year in Novi Pazar but he categor-
ically refused. Both of them are using their "wits" for their
earlier institutions have erased their names from their lists.
Because of such a conception of the duties and calling of a
o-ctor, advertisements in which the peoples' committees are begging
for do-ctors have not disappeared from the back pages of our newspapers.
A number of days ago the city people's committee of Pristina offered
positions to five urgently needed specialists: gynecologist,
children's, eye, dentist and specialists for skin and venereal diseases.
Here are two, not too old, but characteristic advertisements:
"The district people's committee of Bosanski Samac needs a
general practitioner...Conditions: salary according to agreement and
free housing, electricity and wood."
"The district people's committee of Jajce needs two general
practitioners. Salary according to agreement. _Apartment, fuel,
lighting and transportation assured. All conditions exist for private
practice."
Not too long ago Borba carried the letter of a delegate to the
Fifth Annual Conference of the Syndicate Labour Organization of the
Vlasina Enterprise. The title very clearly expressed the importance
of the problem: "Vlasina Needs Doctors." .After a number of futile
attempts by the management of the enterprise, the delegates were
forced to seek the urgently needed doctors through the press on behalf
of their 3,057 comrades.
It is certain that these and similar ads and letters have been
read by those doctors who are leisurely walking the streets of the
big cities and are persistently tramping from doorstep to doorstep
paying visits to various official agencies and offices of their
relatives, friends and acquaintances or relatives, friends and ac-
quaintances--all for one purpose: not to go to the interior of the
country. Have their consciences as men and especially as doctors
become arou gr;:
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They must also be reminded of another thing: do they ever give
any thought to the fact that maybe every ten days that they unjustifi-
ably stay in the big cities at least one of the lives of the unlucky
patients, who are fruitlessly expecting a doctor's assistance in these
areas where there is a shortage of doctors, is endangered?
How can anyone be so indifferent to something like this? Just
think, these personal and frequently selfish interests cannot give way
to social obligations and the needs of the community!
Today there are 5,807 doctors in our country. Compared to 4,754
in 1938, this is significant progress, mores? because many of them were
killed in the war. However, the present number of dectors by far does
not satisfy the urgent needs. This is a lot greater in that their
assignment is not equal; the r?Lio of general practitioners to'
specialists is unfaltourable (3:2), the number cf secondary medical
cadres is smaller than the number of doctors, in place of being three
times greater and because the average ageeof the doctors is pretty
high (48 years).
As a result of this condition, many of the doctors, especially
in the interior, are overworked. For months at a time they do not
know of any real rest because of their work. Cur people very carefully
and lovingly give them their merited recognition, for the doctors have
devoted their entire lives to the strueale against sickness and death.
This is really a noble and glorious struggle. And those who avoid or
desert it deserve public condemnation. For to be a member of a society
means to carry out its obligations. And those doctors who refuse to
go to the interior without any justifieble reasons also refuse to
perform their obligations towards the social community. Such conduct
is not only disgraceful to their profession but to them as citizens
of a socialist country as well. /s/ A. Petkovic
(KRRA - 28th June, 1952)
THE MOST IMPORTANT RESULT OF MY VISIT TO YUGOSLAVIA WAS THAT OUR
RELATIONS RECEIVED A NEW IMPULSE--SO STA16D DR. GRUB R TO THE EDITOR
OF "NEUE WIENEh TTGES ZIT"
t7ienna, 28th
Tomorrow's edition of Neur Wiener Tares Zeitung carries the inter-
view of its Editor with the Austrian Minister of Foreign Affairs, Dr.
Karl Gruber, in connection with his visit to Yugoslavia.
When asked in what manner will the agreement reached between
Austrian and Yugoslav representatives be maintained, Dr. Gruber,
among other things, said: "I thing that the most important result of
my visit to Yugoslavia was that our relations, which have improved and
developed in the last few years, received a new impulse. I believe
that my talks with Marshal Tito and the other Yugoslav citizens helped
acnieve this goal. Upon the basis of personal contact which has been
established, it will now be possible to easily solve all practical
questions."
With respect to economic relations between the two countries,
Dr. Gruber said that both countries are striving towards building up
an economic cooperation in all directions. "I wish to emphasize,"
said Dr. Gruber, "that the Yugoslays are very much interested in
industrial products. This is of great importance for Austria already
now and will be of particular importance in the future. I have, an
impression that Yugoslavia will succeed in overcoming her economic
difficulties and that the country is on a fair road to putting its
economic and agricultural relations upon a sound basis."
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Dr. Gruber once again denied rumours that the question of Trieste
had been considered during the talks between the Austrian and Yugoslav
representatives.
The Editor of Neue Wiener Tages Zeitung put this question to Dr.
Gruber: "In the reports of your talks with Yugoslav representatives,
it was emphasized several times that the Government in Belgrade is
ready to help Austria in her struggle for freedom and independence.
How and in what form do you, Mr. Minister, think this aid can be
expected and carried out?"
Dr. Gruber replied: "The Yugoslav Government has spontaneously
voiced its interest in the winning of our full independence and
sovereignty and has stated that it will on its part lend a support if
this question comes up before the United Nations. Yugoslavia's voice
in the United Nations will be as important as the voice of other
nations vhich also have said that they will help Austria's cause,
Until that time, it is important to find friends in the world who will
intercede in our behalf because they are convinced of the correctness
of our appeal and because they know well our problem. This confronts
Austria's policy with big tasks. Personal contact between the Govern-
ment in Vienna and the members of the United Nations must be improved
and the interest in our cause must be kept alive,
"In connection with this, I would emphasize that way back in 1947
Yugoslavia assumed a positive attitude towards the question of
Austria's admission into the United Nations," concluded Dr. Gruber.
(Tanjug)
(D0aBA - 29th June, 1952)
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CONGRATULATORY MESSAGE FROM MaSHAL TITO ON THE FIFTH ANNIVERSARY OF
THE ANNEXATION OF THE SLOVENE LITTORAL TO YUGOSLAVIA
(brioni, June 29 )
A delegation from Nova Gorica invited day before yesterday
Marshal Tito to be present at the celebrations on the occasion of
the Vth. anniversary of the inclusion of the Slovene Littoral to
Yugoslavia and at the same time requested him that these celebrations
should be held under his patronage at Ajdovcina on June 29,
Marshal Tito accepted the patronage but being prevented to be per-
sonnaly present at the celebrations he sent the following leter to
the District Committe of tne Communist Party of Slovenia in Nova Gorica :
" Dear comrades, inspite of my promise given to you in Belgrade,
I am sorry to say that I shril not be able to tten ta-i celetrations
being prevented by important affairs which cannot be postponed? I
will yet keep my promise T.1.71 one day I shall come in your midst.
Allow me to greet all those present at the celebrations and to join
you at least in spirit in the general rejoicing in connection with
this historical anniversary.
I think that all of you are deorly conscious of the enormous
importance - for the life and devclolmnt not only of your region but
of the whole Republic of Slovenia an:1 by it to all peoples of Yu-
goslavia - of those days when these rcr7ions were returned to the home-
land through the efforts otnii blco:.9 the sons of all our peoples.
This should never be forgotten by anyone n our country One must
never forget the centuries long sufferings of the Slovene people under
foreign yoke, one must never forget the forcible donationalisation and
persecution of the people of these regions, which was done by Italian
fascist rule for more then twenty years. Only high consciousness and
the well-known inflexible vitality of the people living in these re-
gions saved them from ahinilation and assimilations One must not for-
get these hard days in the past, just as one should never forget the
heroic liberation struggle nor those who died in it or the price
paid for your freedom and for that of all of us.
Bad elements with appetites of conquest in regard to our country
saturated with blood are again stretching their tentacles of conquest.
Why are they repeating this so soon after the recent shameful invasion
and occupation of our country by fascist arsoners and murderers ? Why
are they repeating this.inspite of the e%empiary lesson they received
in our country; Because ,inItaly, prevail ever more those who from the
depth of their souls hate our people, who take no account whatsoever
of the.self-respeq of act, people, who consider us as a second class
people, who should/Puled and administered in a colonial manner and
erasedc from the face of the earth. They have been attempting this for
the past fourteen centuries but until new they not drawn the conse-
quences, which would divert them in a Afferent direction, in the
direction of peaceful cooperation with the people of our country,
While we tried to forget and forgive with a bleeding heart the
terrible knikults andioritvFe perpetrated upon our peotae.during the
fascist occupation and tendered them a hand friendship, they offered
and are offering us the sharpness of a knife blade . Our words of
forgiveness are answered with the most low insults and threats. But
we can let them know that this does not pay - that it is better
to live in peace and fkiendly cooperation, Our people do not hate the
Italian people and for this reason they wish him an :oxerall develop-
ment and better life. Our people know quite well who is the culprit
for such an attitude in regard to our country, they know that the
culprits are fascist forces, which are again assembling, cominformists,
who .1 by orders from Moscow use all sorts of propaganda means against
our country together with the fascists,
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'Our people; in the first place in the liberated regions; must
not forget all this. They must be alert and prevent inttheir midst
enemies who would like to destroy the dearly paid achievements,
Our country is strenghtening rapidly in all directions and the
people of Yugoslavia will never permit again anyone to darken the
bright perspectives of the future. "
Josip Broz Tito ,
BORBA , June 30 1952
PLENUM OF THE CC OF THE PEOPTE?S YOUTH OF YUGOSLAVIA
The 17th enlarged planum of the CC of the Peoples Youth of
Yugoslavia was held yesterday with the following agenda: 1) Discussion
concerning the People's Youth on the basis of the article by Aleksandar
Rankovic, 2)- Amendments to thedraft of the Statute of the People's
Youth of Yugoslavia, 3) Fixing the date of the congress
Before coming to the discussion of the first item the Secretary
of the CC of the People's Youth of Yu.islavia, Milijan Neoricic,
explained how the Bureau. conceived diocussiell ,,oncerning problems of
the People's Youth.
"We consider,- he-said - that the article by Comrade Rankovic,
which contains the attitude of the CC of our part':'; hs given so' much
material and set up the main tasks concerning the organisation of the
People's Youth, that a. special report on this matter was superfluous
at the present plenum concerning this matter. This is why we decided
to begin. discussion concerning. the People's Youth on the basis of this
Article and to Clear up by discussion certain questions which are
imoortant both for the youth as well as for the party leaderships and
for members on the terrain."
After that a very lively and fruitful discussion'developed in
which participated; besides the members of the plenum, representatives
of individual districts and town organisations of the People's Youth,
who were invited to be present at this meeting.
The first to take the floor was Petar Mario, Secretory of the
Town Committee of the People's Youth of Belgrade. He said that many
judgments rendered in connection with the activities of youth, and
even those by youth leaderships; were often incorrect and did not
express the real state of affairs.
He thought that in a period of time of work certain members of
the People's Youth will fall off because they will not be able to
comply with the prototype of a - member of the youth organisations.
But one should suppress the conception that those who are outside the
or ahisation are considered as enemies. They should not be treated as
?uch,On the contrary, youth organisations should act upon them through
activists and educate them in such a way that they might one day loin
the youth organisations.
He underlined how negative was the weak participation of young
Party members in the work of youth organisations and quoted a number
of examples, showing the insufficient engagement of other factors in
the education of youth, such as are schools, parents, mass organisa-
tions, etc.
Concerning the state of affairs and the youth organisation of
Kosovo and Metohija, Hajridin Xoxha spoke stressing thet they
correctly understood many problems of our socialist building, which
was particularly felt in the readiness of youth to fight for the
defence of the country, in its right conception of the struggle for the
education of the masses, etc,
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The youth of Kosovo end Meton-Oe is quite definite whee ,t Is
the question of foreign policy end when it has to show its readiness
to defend the achievements of the liberation struggle and socialist
building-up. Comrade Xoxha presented a number of examples of
activities of members of the People's Youth, and e ven of those young
men who are outside the organisations, whenever a group of diver-
sionists appeared from Albania. There are many cases where youth
discovers enemies by self-initiative.
Comrade Xoxha went on to speak concerning problems of the
socialist transformation of the village
Comrade Momirovski spoke about the work and problems of the
People's Youth of Macedonia. ie underlined tha ,T..-t.ieular atten-
tion has been paid recently eo the political worl< the youth and
that at meetings of District and Town?Committees different questions
concerning youth activities in towns, schools, in enterprises were
presented, etc. Until recently political work developed generally
unilaterally, leeeree LJ7,d eftev poTA.tical iefoemation, etc.
However, the education of yoeth ie much 'eroader enr1 more compli-
cated than it was conceived until now by the youth erganisetioneG
Little attention was paid to the problems of 'reiene in the homes
of the apprentices in economy and to problems of the social life of
youth in general,
Comrade Momirovski went or. te siesa about another problem,
inherited from the past, and this ie the sale el girls. This
matter was greatly discussed bet nothing ?articular was done in
that way. Some girls are not much engaged in youth organisations
in individual villages and edueatione3 work amenrst. them is fairly
weak. There are occurrences of selling girls, even of 14 years,
in the districtsof Tetovo, Gestivar and Debar. Comrade Momirovski
remarked that this question would be taken up soon by the youth
leadership and by the youth organisations and cultural-educational
work amongst the girls will be developed. Besides this, it would be
also necessary to aceivate oomen 's oreanisations and influence
the parents and families of these girls.
In the afterndon discussion es continued on the first item of
the agenda. Danilo Biljanovie, secretary of the CC of the People's
Youth of B & H spoke concerning successes obtained in the develop-
ment of entertainment for youth. ifter him many speakers took the -
floor, who discussed the problerri:. of their organisations.
The most lively discussion took place when the matter of
organisational problems arose.. Tn this discussion there were many
contradicting opinions, particularly concerning the fact of how
should one create?actives in schools. There were proposals to ?
create in schools, besides the actives of the People's Youth. also
an association of secondary schools youth, which would unite all
social organisations (debating clubs, section of the People's
Technique, literary circles, etc.) This pr:::sal. has been inter-
preted by the fact that it was necessary for somebody to represent
the school as a whole and, according to the opinion of the proposers
this could only be the leadership of secondary school youth and not
the People's Youth.
However, the plenum refuted this proposal, Considering that it
was unnecessary to create another organisation besides the existing
People's Youth. In this case the actives of the People's Youth
would become some sort of a leading organisation which would anyhow
disturb the free and right development of social organisations.
Instead of that, the plenum decided in principle to create actives
in schools. In larger schools actives can be created and in social
organisations such as are cultural and physical-cultural societies
so long as conditions exist for this.
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Discussion about the first item, concerning problems of the
People's Youth which have been exposed in Comrade Aleksandar
Rankovic's article 'Concerning work with youth" published recently in
the daily press, was veryfruitful and constructive. The object of
this plenum was to discuss the work and the state of affairs in
organisations on the basis of opinions of youth leaders. During the
discussion some problems came .clearly to the surface.
In the first place, it was established that political work is
not sufficiently developed and a few, particularly in schools and
moreso in the villages, are influenced by hostile elements. The
debaters gave a number of examples which clearly show the increased
activities of enemies amongst the youth, It is interesting, to
remark upon a small detail. Catholic priests in Lino are propagat-
ing that the paper "Pioneer" should not be rad hecause "it is a
communist paper and it should be boycotted".
It was also established that the education of youth is not
looked at from an angle which concerns the whole of society. In
this regard conclusions were made which were very useful and which
will increase the responsibility of all mass organisations for.the
education of youth, Comrades from the Vojvodina; for example,
gave characteristic data that in their regions 20,000 young party
members work in the organisation of the People's Youth, yet their
activities in many cases are infinitesimal,
Discussion has also shown that im,pertant successes have been
obtained in the development of cultural and entertainment life of the
youth but that there are also some important failings. The work
and life in cultural and physical culture societies, where youth is
mostly gathered, is outside the influence of youth or any other
political organisation,
The problem of apprentices in economy, was discussed separately.
Namely, discussion has shown that not sufficient care is taken about
them, that there are different problems beginning from school.
programmes to lodgings, nutrition and their entertainments. Proposals
were presented to the plenum to change some of the policy in regard
to apprentices in economy. Some think that one should execute the
reorganisation of Homes and schools and take the line of forming
industrial schools attached to large enterprises. This was dis-
cussed in detail but tAcause of the'comslicatedness of this problem
no definite conclusions were brought,
On the second item of the agenda Milojke:Dr7flovic road :a
project of the Statute of the People's Youth of Yugeslavia, Those
present at the plenum made a great number of observations, which
have been mostly accepted, so it was decided that the final text of
the project should be sent to the leaderships of the People's Youth
for public discussion.
During the work a letter came from the District Committee of
the People's Youth of Pancevo in which it was proposed to hold a
competition of town and district organisations in honour of the
6th Congress of the CPL and of that of the 5th Congress of the
People's Youth. The plenum accepted this initiative and announced
a prior to the Congress competition.
At the end Mico Rakic, in the name of the Bureau of the CC of
the People's Youth proposed that the 5th Congress of the People's
Youth will be held on 27th December of this year in Belgrade, namely
on the very day when ten years ago the 1st Congress of the USAOJ was
held.
Thus would be marked the 10th anniversary of this important
date in the history of the youth movement of our country.
Then the followng agenda of the 5th Congress was proposed:
1) Report concerning the People's Youth activities; 2) The passing
of the Statutes of the People's Youth and 3) The election of the CC. -
It was decided that in honour of the 5th Congress a review of
cultural-artistic socleties throughout the country should be held. -
The plenum complete9i tts
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THIS IS AN ENCLOSURE TR
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JOINT TRANSLATION SERVICE STATINTL
SUMMARY OF THE YUGOSLAV PRESS
This Bulletin contains translations from Yugoslav newspapers and periodicals. It is intended for the use of
the participating missions and not for general distribution. Accuracy of the translations is, not guaranteed.
No,651
INpF,x 1st July, 1952.
P.1. Headlines of Borba of the 1st July
P.2A. Headlines of RflyNjka of the 1st July
P.3. Headlines of the provincial/press
FROM THE OFFICIAL GAZETTE No.33 of the 25th June
*
P.13. Agencies of foreign firms
FROM BORBA OF THE 29TH JUNE
P.4. On the other side of the frontier: talk with our diplomatic
representatives who returned from Sofia yesterday
13.7. Against the remnants of the past (Editorial)
P.11. Norwegian Minister in Belgrade decorated with the Medal of
the Yugoslav Standard
P.19, Meeting of Danube Commission
P.21. The Balkans and the aspirations of Rome (Article by Jasa Levi)
P.27. Hydro-electric power plant at Moste to be put into operation
today
FROM BORBA OF THE 30TH JUNE
P.5. FTT: Trieste economy faces danger
P.9. For -a cheap book (Editorial)-
*
FROM POLITIKA OF THE 30TH JUNE
P.12. Report in Die Neue Zeit nna on Gruber's statement on visit to
Yugoslavia
Two new trade agreements with Austria
FROM BORBA OF THE 1ST JULY
P.17, Third Extraordinary Session of the People's Assembly of
Slovenia
Following violations perpetrated by Hungarian planes
P.18. Burmese representatives visit ShuMadia
P.23. Meeting of Danube Commission
P.25. First steps in the reorganisation of People's Committees
(Leading article by Milos Minic)
P.29, Greek parliamentary delegation will arrive in Yugoslavia on
the 4th July
FROM REPUBLIKA OF THE 1ST JULY
P.28. PAPpgweAlcEPrilblelatogOORMAI5rf4A-RDP83-00415R012300110009-3
P.29. UNO founded 7 years (Editorial)
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SUPPLEMENT OF TRANSLATIONS FROM THE PROVINCIAL PRESS
FROM LJUDSKA PRAVICA OF THkg Pan! .;MNE I)?1;t1;i'l 000
P.a, EnemiesevSOcialism Fre at work among our young people
FROM SLOkENSKI POROCEVALEC OF THE 22ND JUNE
.P.f, The clergyman Poznik is both blind and deaf
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HEADLINES BORBA 1st July, 1952.
P.1, THIRD EXTRAORDINARY SESSION 'OF THE PEOPLE'S ASSEMBLY OF
SLOVENIA
Draft Laws on ?Peeple's Committees completeu in B & H
Plenary session of the CC of the People's Youth of Montenegro
will be held in Niksic on the 8th July
First section of hydro-electrical works at Santak starts working
MEETING OF DANTbE COMMISSION: YUGOSLAV PROPOSED REGULATIONS
WOULD BRING AN END TO ONE-POWER CONTROL OF THE DANUBE
FIRST STEPS IN THE REORGANISJTION OF PEOPLE'S COMhITTEES
(Leading article by Milos Minic)
uovoQATIova , HUNGARIAN PLANES: WE ARE NOT AFRAID OF
HUNGARIAN FOVOCATIONS SAYS PEOPLE'S COMMITTEE AT SENCA:
WE WANT OUR GOVERNMENT TO TAKE STEPS WITH THE UN REGARDING
THE HUNGARIAN PROVOCATIONS SAY CITIZENS OF HORGOS
GREEK PARLIAMENTARY DELEGATION WILL ARRIVE IN YUGOSLAVIA ON
THE 4TH JULY
Bonn Government reaches agreement with Britain on Hamburg
docks.
Special railway wagons for the transport of coal to coke mill
at.tIdukavac
R.2. Preparations fo a meeting in the People's Committees: chief or
administrative-technical question (Article by Gojko Polovina)
What is in fact the cause of crime: discussion at open party
meeting in Kienovnika
Social security for soldiers disabled in peacetime: new regu-
lation in preparation
PROTEST OF BELGRADE JOURNALISTS: JOURNALISTS' MEETING
UNANIMOUSLY ADOPTS RESOLUTION CONDEMNING ACTION OF SERBIAN
ACADEMY OF SCIENCE
--BURMESE REPRESENTATIVES VISIT SUMADIA
Letters to the Editor:
Our public raises a voice of protest
But - very expensivet
ViolatiOn oftauthorl' copyrights
A strange division
Describing the struggle of the people of Dalmatia
P.3. Visit of American Foreign Minister to Vienna: Acheson says
that the position of Austria is not improved because of Soviet
obstruction
New accusations against Luka Toahar Georgresku and Anna Pauker
New Egyptian Government formed by Sirry Pasha: the resignation.
of Hilali Pasha brought about by a failure to solve problems
at home and abroad
Events in Knrea: Singhman Rhee demands that parliament
change cons4tution
;
Anglo-Iranian dispute: British banks will not make payments on
Iranian Government cheques
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P.3. Joshida and NAacdonald meet in Tokyo: General Ridway visits
Norway
TRIESTE AFTER SEVEN YEARS (Article by M.Petrinic)
A view of American economy (1): difficulties with which US
economy is faced (Article by Joze Smole)
Wage increase for shipbuilding workers in Britain requested
French boat collides with Belgian boat in channel
P.5. NEW MEMBERS CF ACADAMY OF'SCIENCE
P.4. A few statistics (Report from Penis by M.Vitorovic)
The -yage of the "Zagreb" to the Iron Gates (3): the boatmen
say (Article by A.Ackovic)
P.5.
End of meeting of European Corremittee on Electrical Energy:
Committee has decided to consider possibility of export of
electrical energy Zrcm YVV-319.V13
Metallurgical workers in the US will oppose
Taft-Hartley law (Report .r (102;3 rmole)
West German budget envisages expenditure of
billion marks
applications of
more than 23
22 countries want UN Extraordinary Session on Tunis
Committee of Swedish Parliament considers relations with USSR
Persecution of Jews in Cominform countries
British difficulties in Asia: the Times wants Australia and
New Zealand to play a Ereatei* part in Malaya: General
Templar anticipates that the struggle will last even longer
Concerning solid practice and theoretical learning:
discussion on draft regulation on apprentices (Article by
Area Stefanovic)
,FOLLOWING THE REORGANISATION OF. PASSIVE COOPERATIVES Ii
DALMATIA (Article by Mkola Spiric)
One part of war veterans/ pions will be paid in industrial
bonds
NEW RAILWAYS AND ROADS: seven railway lines being built in
Bosnia (Article signed H.M.)
Economic plan for the Gruza district ready for public dis-
cussion
Institute for psychological work opened in Ljubljana.
Committee formed for Social Security in Slovenia
Plenlry session of syndicates of workers and clerks in
communal enterprises and institutions held in Sarajevo
US agricultural expert, Mr.Jenkins, studies our types of
maize
*
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P.6. New regulation comes into force protecting pregnant women and
nursing mothers
Intrigues directed against our independence (Article by Ljubita
Ristovic)
P.7. Aircraft industry exhibition has great success
P.8. The development of our marine economy: over 500 harbours along
our coasts (Article by D.VukobratOvic)
Preparations for traditional "Maribor week"
Our experts visit Austrian artificial fibre factory
Struggle against economic saboteurs grows acute in Bitolj
Four fast motorboats for the transport of tourists between Split,
Dubrovnik, Makarska, liver and Opatija
British Government White Paper issued on Korea
Sino-North Korean artillery tegbF, Pan Mum :Tom
New Delhi denies reports of crisis in Indian-Kashmiri relations:
Action to improve agrarian reform in India
Bonn satisfied with London talks
French circles welcome proposal for 4-power meeting
Washington on new Egyptian Government
Shinwell accus6s Butler concerning Conservative's economic policy
E.EPUbLIK4,.
P.1. UN FOUNDED SEVEN YEARS (Editorial)
PROPAGANDA OF LIES (Editorial)
Jordan crisis (Editorial)
Political events in Turkey (Editorial)
The King - Prime Minister in Cambogia
Eden Prime Minister?
UN and American foreign policy
P.2. THE IMPORTANCE OF DISCIPLINE AND SOLIDARITY IN SOCIALISM
(Article by Stan i Drug)
OUR FOREIGN TRADE AND THE NEW EcpNomIc SYSTEM
Bradley and Formosa
Truman on the agricultural "revolution"
,la,ft.la,.on,martial law in France
Article SdEk0)
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NOVA MAKEDONIJA
June 23, 1952.
P.2, Discussion over the Macedonian film production.
SLOVENSKI POROCEVALEC
P.1. Yugoslavia and Austria.
P.3. The clergyman Poznik is both blind and deaf.
P.1,
June 27, 1952.
June 28, 1952.
Full- report on the session held by the Chief Committee of the
Slovene Liberation Front on June 27. 1952.
P.2. References on the war criminal Pavelic published in the
Argentine press.
June 29, 1952.
P.1. Report on the recent session of the Chief Committee of the
Slovene Liberation Front continued.
LA VOCE DEL POPOLO
June 25, 1952.
P.26 Works on the reconstruction of the Rijeka port continued.
P.26
June 26, 1952.
New prospects of the devaopment of co-operatives in the district
of Capodistria.
June 289 1952,
P02. Preparations for a congress of maritime agencies.
June 29, 1952.
P.2. Development of coastal navigation in the Adriatic.
_Succesaful_activity displayed by the "Scoglio Oliviu shipyard.
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????.1.1.?
ON TH, THLSI CE B9RDER
MTERVIEW WITH OUR DrPLOMATIC REPRESENTATIVES WHO YESTERDAY
RETURNED FROM SOFIA
Dimitrov Grad is a small place near the frontier. Seven years ago
it began to be turned into a rampart of brotherhood. Four years ago it
was rendered into a Btrategic sentry post.by the force of others3
At a small distance from this -clans, there is a border of the country
in which the obedience to masters has become the tesia Law.
Thousands of innocent victims have already perished in numerous
prisons full of moisture and deadly horror. And not oaly Bulgarian ones.
The long lists of killed pensons also includec, the names of those who
perished for one angle reason contained in their Yugoslav descent,
Ivan Soferosio was only 18 when he was arrested. And the reason
was that he wisaed to remain a Yuglelav even after the publication of
Cominforn Resolution.
When he was 21, he could see how he was maltreated by his interrogator
and witness the sufferings of his father's who was tortured in front of him,
When he was 22 he wrote his last letter to his parents, faced his
executors and departed from the last bit of skies he could see from his
cell in the prison of Eolarov Grad.
Danilo Doncic in the spring of this year sent his last message
written cla a bit of his shirt spotted with blood after having spent 35
days lying on cold concrete and wrarped with wires instead of a blanket.
"I am being ruined because of my.Yrspslav nationality". His comrade
Tafel Rodjepov had no opoortuaity of sending even such a small mespage
to his mother, wife and children,
In this way OUT people are treated in that country to which seven
years ago we outstretched our hand with expressions of friendship
cancelling the payment of reparations amounting to millions.
We wished for friendship and attempted to forget too _soon all
crimes committed at Crna Trava, Toplica and along the Morava and the
Nisava.
We wished for fraternity000And we were not isolated in our
intentions. Tho wishes cf the Bulgarian people were identical. But
the vie wc of "the elder brother" were not conform with theta
And Dimitrovgrad failed thus to become a rampart of brotherhood,
But this place alone is not 03Ay . exposed as a sentry post. This
small place represents a symbol of truth, quite big and noticeable for
hundreds of thousands of people deprived of their rights on the other
side of the bmrder.
The train arrived from Bulgatia with our diplomatic representatives
who left Sofia upon a deeision of the Yugoslav Government. This was a
sign of the most energetic protest against a violation of exterritoriality
of our :Embassy and the unheard regime applied towards the diplomatic
representatives of the FPRY. Their compartments were full of flowers
presented to them by numerous members of the diplomatic corps in Sofia
at their departure at the Sofia railway station..
From our interview with the diplomatic representatives we obtained
a eerie e of detai/s and facts on the actual situation in the country
they had left.
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The diplomatic representatives of the FPRY were not the only to be
followed by agents since members of thetfamilies were also subjected to
the same treatment. Wherever they intended to. go either officiallyRor
to the marketior to the bakerts or to a hotel, they could immediately
hear the agent on duty whistling which was an indication to the agents
to begin following them.
These untiring shadows can easily be identified wearing white.
gym shoes suitable for long wear, dark suits and a copy of the paper
uRabotnicesko Delon in their loft pockets.,
If it happens that some of our representatives have supper at the
hotel "Bulgarian, their followers having no money to spend produce
packages with food from their pockets and eat there regardless to. the
fact of finding themselves in one of the most elegant restaurants? The
main thing is to watch the Yugoslays keeping them within the reach of
their eyes.
The unheard regime applied by the Bulgarian authorities towards
our diplomatic representatives can also be illustrated with the following
examples,
of
Six automobiles/which numbers are occasionally either changed
or coverdd with mudoare always ready to. start in pursuit of the Yugoslav
..epersonnel, They do not even hesitate to get involved in traffic accldents.
On June 20 a Chevrolet carrying the registration number 13 - 17
was directed towards the car of. our Charge dtAffairesiwith an obvious
intention of causing a collision at the?corner of the street Sipka and
St, Stefan. Next day a Ford, registration number 503,tarned all of a
sUdden on the street Rokovski intending to hit the car of our attache
Dizdarevic with its back. On June 22 the motor cars, registration number
27-42, 44-07 and 503paccompanied the car of the Secretary of Embassy Soc.
On the street Ivan Vazov,irrespective of the fact that the aquare was
:full of people including children ,-a Bulgarian motorcar run into the car
of the Secretary Sec coming from the street Tolbuhin, Thanks to the drivers
presence of mind, no disaster occurred since he quickly directed the car
across the pavement.
On the same day in front of the house where the attache Brajevic
lived, a horse carriage hit the car of the Yugoslav Embassy, inflicting
thus a damage perpetrated by the Bulgarian agents.
It We are coming back to our country with the pleasant feeling.
We were not offended by one single common man in Bulgaria although we
had numerous contacts with them, On the cantrary, whenever there was an
Opportunity, they expressed a great deal of sympathy for our country and
ourselves t; declared the Charge d'Affaires Stanoje Stojkovic,
In his bag a gift with a dedication by an-eminent Bulgarian
journalist whose name cannot be published for understandable reasons2
can be found, His wife received a wonderful national costume from one
of the citizens upon their departure.
While at the rest home Borovec after a friendly conversation with
our Charge dtAffaires,a group of Bulgarian workers expressed their wish
to take a photo of the whole group. They invited one of thephotographers
from that place and gathered around the car of our Embassy, One worker
and a girleheldeour. nae,visthAng to-aRpear like that on the photo.
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The agent who remained unnoticed suddenly appeared as soon as
the photograph was taken and. confiscated the film,
Recently certain Bulgarian citizens dared to come to visit our
representatives in their houses wishing to bid them. goodbye.
'You are lucky to leave. And what about us?'-they said..
zrassn 2COOMY FACING A DANGM
(Signed.) A. Petkovic
(BORBA - 29th 'Tune, 1952)
Development of the Trteste Fthipyards hindered by the Italian authorities
The Italian authorities aee undertaking various neasures with the
object of hindering the development of shipyards in Trieste to the benefit
of the Italian shipping companies. The Trieste paper "Corriere di Trieste"
reported on methods by which the Italian authorities rendered the work
of Trieste lines more difficult. The paper refers to the case of chipping
line between Trieste and Australia whieh has after long requests been
authorized by the Italian authorities*
"But, the paper states, the time table is so debeduled that the
operation of the Trieste shins is compieteljhi'ddese7Oda 2n route Trieste-
Qedney,01M ships San Giorgi o and !Thscaea are navigating to Trieste.
But, on the other hand, the shipninc agency of Genoa has allocated the
latest types of modern ships running on the same line Such as "Neptunia",
"Australia" and "Oceania". The journey from Trieste to Sydney takes 15
days on board of an Italian ship while the Trieste ships need a whole
month. In addition to this, the time table of the Italian ships is
specially adapted so that these ships call on all those Italian ports
where the Trieste ships also come to, so that no passengers are left
for the Ttieste ships".
The paper stressed that the Italian authorities intended thus to
hinder the Trieste shipping agencies from developing a successful business
with the object of demonstrating their incapacity to support themselves.
...e_a_age_e_teeLleitee_ni,oftiritInternational Fair
Last night the Fourth International Fair has been opened in Trieste.
General Winterton, the Commander of the Anglo-American zone of the PTT,
Opened this Fair, following speeches held by a representative of the Fair
manatement, the Mappr of Trieste Barteli and the Italian Minister of
Industry and Trade Oampili.
The celebration was also attended by representatives of countries
who have their e)alibl.tions there, including the Chief of the Yugoslav
trade delecation te Trieste Jose Zemljak. (Tanjug)
Trieste Radio StatiOa in eluded in the Italian Radio network
The Italian state radio network (RAI) has placed a contract with
the Trieste radio broadcasting station according to Which in Trieste a
number of installatione are to be erected for the strengthening of
transmissions 6f the Italian radio broadcasting stations. Brection of a
television station and the takine-; oyer of all Ieehnimal matters of the
Trieste radio brdadcasting stIne4j%Offeetir these contracts was made
so that RAI is to make the transfer of 89 employees and officials hired so far
by the Trieste broadcasting station. The Trieste paper "Corriere di Trieste"
today writes to this effect stating that thereby the Trieste broadcasting
station is to be included in the radio network of Italy. (Tanjug)
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AGAINST THE REMANTS OF THE PAST
?
There are things incur social life which deserve a greater
-attention from all of us, a greater alertness towards them and a
stronger reaction of party organisations and of all communists
to 11 -hem. Here I think about the negative personal qualities
which here and there to a greater or lesser extent come to the
fore, such as are occurrences of insincerity. uncor&adely
behaviour, egoism which borders with damage and. crime to the.detri-
ment of the social community, . appearances of immorality and bad
relations in society and in.family life, then many cases which are
increasing as inebriation and similar.
It is logical that some of these negative occurrences are
sometimes linked-up with bureaucratic caste tendencies in the state
and Sometimes - even in our party apsaratus, Then they become
the most disgusting.
If We would like to boil down all these negative occurrences
to their common source, we would -establish that they are typical
growths of class society. In our society-there are ? expressions
of the not-fullyliquidated class relations, still more an expression
of class relations in opinions of men, in their, consciousness.
These are the remnants of class society in which personal happiness
.and welfare are not built on.the basis , - of the welfare
and happiness of all workers,. of the whole collective, but on: a
struggle for their own personal goode and ac.ainst the collective,
Or:1, if we examine occurrences of inebriation, the very essence
of alcoholism.
? No doubt, the struggle against alcoholism is a health problem
and it is well known how alcohol is ruinous for the health when
one takes too much of it, but alcoholism is also a social ill, which
has itsrectb in the exploiting social system. We know that the
capitalists of all "communal" institutions in thefram'e. of their
factories in the first place took care ofthe public house with
whose help they held workers in a still greater material dependence
and-annihilated their moralresisting force. This was also done
,,by the rich peasant - the inn-keeper in the village.
The more the exploited workers felt their hopeless position
the more they abandbhed themseIvet to alcohol, because this was
means of consnlation to them and forgetfullness of their difficult
reality.
Our struggle for a social,system, on the basis of changed
relations in prodnetion is in the essence the struggle against the
main source of these negative occurrences, This struggle leads
the people to a life of a full and true happiness. It will
liquidate gradually egoism and similar remnants,
it the question is posed, what we can and what must we do
today, in order to restrict these negative appearances to a minimum.
This is today the component part ofour struEgle for the liquida-
tion of the remnants of an outlived social system, a component part
of the struggle for the education of socialist men. In this
struggle the strongest weapon is - the knowledge of the workers that
they are themselves the builders of their life, that their happi-
ness depends on the success of the whole community, Our present
experiences have 'shown, for example; different irregularities in
the protection of national property, thefts, neglect and similar
have been gradually liquidated in workers, collectives where
management by workers has become a reality. It is clear that in
the present state of our development, when the victory of the work-
ing people has ben achieved but the class struggle has not as yet
been completed, in the struggle against the remnftnts of the past,
the state of the working people must use administrative measures.
In this regard our social community by punishing and persecuting
most en 4RotvlaVtirkefevali&I68Ii'-6s-kbPg-bo.i115a2lti186`di5'
1 right.
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And yet this is not only a matter for administrative measures
but is in the first place the problem of education and personal
examples.
It is true that our workine; people have sufficient healthy
feeling and moral force for struegle aeainet all these occurrences.
And yet it seems that administrative measures'ele still beimg more
applied than broad political-educational work, that there are more
accidental than systematic struggle againet. them.
It is not sufficient to undertake measures against unsocial
appearances but one should pay full attention to the education of
men during the struggle for new social relations, the elimination
also of causes, incite people to form a new social relationship and
attitude towards such appearances, to develO) social condemnations
of such a-Poearances.
In this light the struggle against alcoholism should also be
observed.
Today we are in the midst of the building-up of society where
there is no exploitation of men by men. Therefore we need no
opium for this, no alcohol, no religious mysticism. We need only
clear views of morally and physically healthy men. Therefore
alcoholism, which is generally the cuase of many social ills, must
be rooted out as a social ill, as the expression of the former
prospectlessness and that fatalistic, defeatist attitude towards
life,
One hears often "that there are no other amusements except
the inn". And therefore it is allowed that drunkenness should be
considered as recreation and rest and in connection with this free
fights are considered as heroism. It is the duty of the builders
of socialism to root out this ill and be the initiators in their
places of organising healthy amusements and entertainments full of
go. Such entertainments and amusements will not destroy health,
the morals and the families of our working ieoe_Le but will imbue
them with a new live force.
In this regard, no doubt, the sublective factor is of
decisive importance, the conscious action of the Communist Party
and Front organisations.
always
The source of the great _Political strength of our party was/
the moral force of its members, their Personal example in the
struggle for the party programme, their high ideological level,
consciousness concerning the obiects and perspectives of the
struggle.
So it is even today.
There, where negative qualities have appeared amongst the
members of the party, there where the arbitrariness of bureaucrats
------is prevailing, means that the communists have begun to lose their
perspective, that they have surrendered to dry practicism, to
execute "tasks" and do not see the feoiit, means that some of them
perhaps are demoralised and have j.ven themselves up to the wild
movement of their not outlived petty bourgeois passions. Its much
as the party organisations fight against such occurrences, yet it
seems that they are applying measures which are not for recommen-
dation, namely: it is waited that the vice becomes so great that
it is nearly impossible to reform the man and then he is thrown out
of the party and they cease to have any itterebt in him.
Party organisations who work in this manner do not strive to
find out the cause el' lich occurrences of neglect of educational .
work amongst comtunistterand logicany anfoligst-theiworking people
in general.
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In party organisations where such a situation exists there lacks
boJd and lively discussion concerning'thepro7)nots of our building-
up which by its magnificant enthusiasm imbues every working man in '
our country.
To raise one's ideological level; to get to know the bright
perspectives of our present struggle, to fight against-the remnants
of the past which drag backwards, who dull our impulse, to create
new conceptions about is moral and immoral, what is
honourable and dishonourable, what is heroism and what defeatism
and demoralisation is - the task of all orogressivp_Le_aaeel. in the
firf.t_place of communists
(Sd.) VIDA TOMSIC
(BpRj3,1 - 29th June, 1952),
FOR A CHEAP BOOK
On the pages of Borba and other newspapers, at consultative
meetings and plenums of authors printers and others, the causes
of the increase of price of books was discussed and particularly
concerning measures which could be taken to make ow books cheaper,
Citizens of all professions participated in these discussions. All
of them more or less demand that something should be done, that the
price of books should be more within the means of the people,
Our country, such as it is, which must struggle with all its
strength against cultural under-development, must have for that the
necessary conditions, and one of them is the existance of a pro-
gressive and scientific literature, whose price will not prevent it
a.from penetrating within the working masses. TE) mores? because all
the achievements of the cultural inheritance and up-to-date spiritual
creation in our country are no longer-theArion000ly of the exploiting
class (either bourgeoisie or bureaUcracy), bu't the property of the
whole people. Our people are today for the first time in a position
to exploit to a full measure the achievements of the greatest minds -
of humanity and its sons..
How does the rice of books stand and-what are the causes that
our books are so expensive7
The selling-price of books for the whole of Yugoslavia is now
on ari average 7 times greater than the pre-war one, and there where
the number of copies is smell it is sometimes 10 or 12-fold, Pt
the latest consultative meeting of printers of Yugoslavia it was
stressed that this occurred on account of the rise of the price of
paper einoe'April of last year by 6 - 12 times. Printers' ink,
bookbinding materials, running expenses, rebate81 royalties, printing
services, etc., have been increased.
It must he understood that this rise in price should be con-
sidered in the framework of our general level of prices and even in
regard to the income of the population. If these elements are
taken into account, then the book is on an average no more expensive
than in pre-war days.
But books, because of their cultural, educational and political
role cannot be fully treated in socialism as goods nor can their
selling price be left in all cases to the acting of the economic
laws of supply and demand, The price and quality of books should
be harmonised with the purchasing power and euaeational objectives
of our society, namely with the building of an overall educated
prototype of eocialist man. Such demands and edUcational objectives
have nothing in common with any tendencies of individual publishers
and booksellers for unreserved, too-high profits or individual
authors for unjustified high royalties, better paper than warranted
by the work it prints.
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The present discussion has not only exposed the causes of the
rise of price in books, but has also pointed out the road to
do-creasing printing expenses and similar. Thus certain possibilities
for the cheapening of books have been pointed out.
Paper and printing services - are, two constant factors on which
mostly depends the price of books. Although one can understand
that paper must be much dearer than it was formerly, yet it is not
justifiable that the prices should be so high. It is not justifi-
able by the fact that our Paper mills come together and a'gree on
fixing the price of paper and lately they have gone so
far as to increase the ?rice in order to decrease some earlier
losses.
Besides this, in the work and dealings of individual printing
and publishing enterprises; in the organisation end distribution,
propaganda and maks-up of the book; in the system of our book-
sellers' network, in the publishing policy and similar - there are
many problems on whose solution depends whether our books will be
dearer or cheaper.
The expensiveness of books is a complex problem, it is not
solved only by lowering the price of paper but also by eliminating
the above-menticned and other deficiencies which make the books
unjustifiably dearer.
The increase in the price of books, which has led up to a
decrease in sale, has incited some publishers to publish cheaper,
sensational literature, hoping that with the gained profits they
will be able to cover their financial losses.
Out art councils, criIicism, authors, cultural and public
workers, editors of all papers and reviews have not sharpened in
a sufficient measure the course against such literature and such
occurrences. They have also contributed very little to the propa-
ganda of a good hook. It is a similar case with the publishers.
Our mass, social organisations and party leaderships on the terrain
should make popular a good book with much more s,nse and organisa-
tion. On all this1 of course, depends the sale of the books, the
number of copies printed and from them the price of the books.
A decrease in the selling price of books demands common efforts.
Material and other possibilities already exist to a great extent
in cur country. It is up to the People's Authorities, responsible
economic organs, publishers and of all cultural and social organi-
sations to find a way out to decrease the costs of publishing
books by common efforts and measures, each in his sector.
It is quite comprehensible that the degree of development of the
productive forces of our country and the need for proportionately
great investments for its building-up and defence, conditioned
expenditure for cultural and similar needs of society. Therefore,
it is not the question :of the demand which would foresee our real
economic possibilities, but of the demand which is realisable in
our present situation.
It is necessary to occupy oneself with the question of by what
measures one can obtain good and cheap books. No doubt the
political and other literature, intended for the education of the
broad masses, as well as some other publications, should be solved
at reasonable prices as soon as possible. This can be attained by
a number of measures such as are, for example, allocation of sub-
sidies, decrease in the cost of paper, harmonising and reviving the
component parts of expenses which are included in the cost price of
books, as well as by solution of many numerous problems about which
we have written.
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The working people of all professions Expect rightly concrete
- - --measures which will make it possible for them to buy good and
cheap books.
This is the demand of a rapid socialist development and one of
the conditions for a still greater development of our progressive
thought and socialist culture.
(poRB - 30th June, 1952Y.
NORWEGIAN MINISTER IN BELGRADE DECORATED WITH THE MEDAL OF THE
YUGOSLAV STANDARD
(Belgrade, 28th June)
The Praesidium of the People's Assembly of the FPRY has
awarded the Order of the Yugoslav Standard Class) to Mr.Knut
Like, Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary of Norway in
Yugoslavia. Mr4lkelwho will shortly be leaving this country, Was
decorated on the suggestion of the President of the Government of '
the FPRY for services in improving the friendly relations between
Norway and Yugoslavia,
. The decoration ceremony took place at 12 o'clock today and
was performed by the President of the Praesidium of the People's
Assembly, Dr.Iven Ribar. Also present were the Secretary to the
Praesidium, Mile Perunicic, and Assistant Minister and Chief of
the Protocol Section of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Sloven
Smodlaka,
After the ceremony President Riber received Mr,Knut 4kke on a--
farewell visit,
(BORBA - 29th June) 1952).
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AFTER DR. GRUBER'S VISIT TO YUGOSLAVIA
BOTH PARTIES SATISFIED WITH RESULTS OF VISIT, SO WRITES "DIE NEUE
ZEITUNCP, '0EST GERMAN NESPAPER
The paper Die Neue Zeitung, which is published in Frankfurt,
carried an article by its Vienna correspondent, Ernest Newsbaum,
concerning Dr. Karl Gruber's visit to Yugoslavia.
The paper says that the results of this trip were received with
great satisfaction in both countries. 3esides the details which are
important for both countries, the policymakers of Yugoslavia assured
Gruber that Austria can count on full support from Yugoslavia in her
efforts to be accepted into the UN...Austria may also count on Yugo-
slav-support on the question of concluding a state treaty.
The correspondent goes on to say that Belgrade accorded great
significance to this visit because this is the first visit by a
Western Minister of Foreign Affairs to Yugoslavia since the war, and
he went on to say that Austria and Yugoslavia feel linked to one
another because they both have a similar neutral position between
the East and the West; neither of them belong to the European defence
-community or the Schuman Plan, both border with the sphere of the
Eastern bloc and both wish to cooperate with the Test without being
linked with either party.
After enumerating the questions which were discussed, the report
concludes that Gruber's press conference on Brioni incited great
interest of the foreign correspondents in Yugoslavia.
TWO NEW TRADE AGREEMENTS WITH AUSTRIA?FIRST BILATERAL AGREEMENTS IN
UTICR-OUR-PEOPLES' REPUBLICS AP?EAR AS PARTNERS OF A FOREIGN COUNTRY
(Ljubljana, 29th June)
In the development of our commercial relations with foreign
countries, we recently achieved another significant success. Our
peoples republics, Slovenia and Croatia, concluded two agreements
with Austria which provide for an exchange of goods amounting to
13,500,000 qhillings. The agreements were given the names of Klagenfurt
and Graz.
The Klagenfurt Agreement, which WPS concluded between Austria and
PR Slovenia, provides a compensational quota of 2,500,000 xhillings
annually; the Graz Agreement provides a fair quota amounting to
5,500,000 schillings or 11,000,000 schillinfos because the fair is held
twice annually in Graz.
The bilateral agreements provide for the exchange of only those
goods which are not on the list of the general Trade Agreement between
Austria and Yugoslavia. Although the contingents which are provided
for by these agreements are not large, both agreements are of great
significance to the economic life of the Peoples' Republics of Slovenia
and Croatia for the list contains goods which despite all endeavours
could not be entered on the list of the general Trade Agreement between
Austria and the FPRY. The importers of both countries will get the
equivalent exclusively in goods and not in money, and this is why the
Foods listed on the list of the concluded agreements will be obtained
easily and quickly without any specific formalities. The agreements
will be especially precious for the individual smaller republic,
district or municipal enterprises because they will be able to obtain
machine parts for various installations, rolling stock or machines as
well as some goois for wide consumption which they lack in the shortest
time possible. Our enterprises will export mineral water, gravel,
brick and tile, milk and milk products, etc. /s/ M. M.
(POLITIKA - 30th June, 1952)
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AGENCIES OF FOREIGN FIRMS
On the basis of Article 1 of the Law authorising the Government
of the FPRY to issue regulations for the purpose of coordinating
relrtions in economy with new economic system and on the proposal
of the President of the Council for Commerce of the Government of
the FPRY, the Government of the FPRY issues the following
REGULATION
ON AGENCIES OF FOREIGN FIRMS
Article 1
Agency bureaus, sconomic enterprises and other economic organisa-
tions can act as agencies of foreign firms on the territory of the
FPRY.'
Article 2
The following will be the work of the agencies:
1) Doing for and on behalf of foreign firms the work which
precedes the conclusion of an agreement on the sale or purchase of
goods or an agreement pertaining to services, as well as the work
connected with the carrying out of these agreements (mediation);
2) Doing for and on behalf of foreign firma the work of mediation
with the right to conclude contracts of sale or purchase of goods or
contracts on performance of services (commercial representation);
3) Doing the work of commercial agency parallel with performing
service services, technical and other services (commercial-technical
representation);
4) Sale of goods imported On.consignment by foreign firms
(consignment stocks).
In exceptional cases, bureaus, economic enterprises and other
economic organisations, may do the work mentioned in items 2, 3, and 4
of the preceding paragraph also in their own names for the account of
foreign firms as well as in their own names and for their own account.
Article 3
Agency bureaus are economic organisations whose business is
representation of foreign firms.
Decisions on establishing of agency bureaus shall be issued by
the federal state agencies which have jurisdiction over foreign trade,
on their own initiative or on the proposal of the interested agencies
and organisations.
The decision to found an agency bureau shall at the same time be
a licence for doing agency work.
The decision pertaining to the founding of the agency bureau shall
also specify the kinds of agency work which the agency bureau may be.
Article 4
An agency bureau is a corporate body.
Article 5
Agents of agency bureaus may be either individual or collective.
Rights and duties of the agents of agency bureaus shall be deter-
mined by the statutes of the agency bureaus.
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Article 6
The agency bureau which has lees than seven employees and workers
shall be managed by a director (chief, manager).
The director (chief, manager) shall be appointed by the agency
which founded the agency bureau.
Article 7
The agency bureau which has seven or more employees and workers
shall be managed by a board of managers.
The board of managers must consist of not less than three members.
The members of the board of managers shall be elected by the
working collective.
Article 8
The decisions of the board of managers of an agency bureau shall
be obligatory for the director.
The director may stop execution of those conclusions of the board
of managers which he considers to be against the law or against other
legal regulations, and in such cases he must immediately notify the
federal state agency which has jurisdiction over foreign trade and
this agency will decide the matter.
Article 9
Agency bureaus will be registered in accordance with the provisions
which are valid for state economic enterprises.
An agency bureau may not start business before registration is
completed.
Article 10
The regulFtions pertaining to financial dealings and to salaries
and wages of employees and workers which are valid for state commercial
enterprises shall also apply to arency bureaus.
Article 11
More detailed regulations on agency bureaus shall be issued by
the federal state agency which has jurisdiction over foreign trade in
agreement with the President of the Council for Legislation and
Promotion of People's Authority of the Governmentor the FPRY and in
agreement with the Minister of Finance of the FPRY.
Article 12
The economic enterprises and other economic organisations, with
the exception of agency bureaus, shall be obligated to obtain a licence
to act as agencies.
The licence will setfotth the agency work which the holder of the
licence may perform.
The economic enterprises and other economic orFanisations which
fulfil the conditions for acting as commercial agencies shall obtain
their licences from the federal state agencies which have jurisdiction
over foreign trade after first of all obtaining the opinion of the
chamber of commerce.
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The federal state agency which has jurisdiction over foreign
trade shall prescribe conditions which the economic enterprises and
other economic organisations must fulfil in order to get a licence.
The federal state agency which has jurisdiction over foreign
trade shall keep a register ?of the licences issued for doing agency
work.
Article 13
Agency bureaus,as well as the economic enterprises and other
economic organisations which obtain licences for doing agency work,
shall sign written agency contracts with foreign firms.
In addition to other clauses,the agency contract must contain
also the name of the firm in whose behalf the agency work will be done.
Article 1l.
Agency contracts must be submitted for approval to the federal
state agency which has jurisdiction over foreign trade.
The state agency mentioned in the preceding paragraph will
refuse permission if the contract contains provisions which are
contrary to the interests of economy.
Agency work cannot be started before the permission is
received.
Article 15.
The reward for doing agency work must be specified in the
agency agreement.
The reward for doing, agency work winos a general rule,
be fixed in the form of commission. In exceptional cases,the reward may
be fixed in other ways.
Article 16;
Taneral supervision over the work Ofthe,a.gency bureaus,
economic enterprises and other economic organisations doing agency work
in the sense hereof,shall be exercised by the state agencies which
have jurisdiction over foreign trade.
Supervision over financial dea1ia7 shall be exercised by the
agencies of state which have jurisdiction over finances.
The state agency which has jurisdiction .over foreign trade
shall give prior approvals to decisions of appointment of personnel of
agency bureauq,as well as to decisions of appointment of personnel of
economic enterprises and other economic organisations which do agency
work.
Article 17.
There shall be a fine of up to 200,000 dinars for the
agency bureau,economic enterprise or other economic organisation:
(a) if it does agency work without a licence;
(b) if it does agency work which is not specified in the
licence or in the decision pertaining to the opening of the bureau,
economic enterprise or other economic organisation;
(c) if it starts doing ao:entywork before the agency
agreement is approved;and
by thee (d) if it eTAloilgersonnel before obtaining nrior approval
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For offences mentioned in paragraph I of this Article there
shall also be a fine of uo to 10,000 dinars for the responsible officia17
and if the offence is committed for material interests then the fine
shall be up to 100,000 dinars.
Article 18.
The federal state agency which has jurisdiction over foreign
trade may cancel the licence for doing agency work in the case the
possessor of the licence is punished for offences mentioned in the
preceding Article hereof,as well as in cases when circumstances arise
because of which a licence for doing agency work could not be issued.
Article 19,
With the entry into force hereof, the Regulation on the founding
and work of Commercial Agencies and Commercial Agencies of Foreign
Enterprises and Institutions("Official Gazette of the FPRY" No.100/47),
the Regulation on the founding and work of Tenhnical Agencies-
Representations("Official Gazette of the FPRY"No.100/47)and the
Regulation on the fourv:ling and work of Warehouses of Foreign Enterprises
and Institutions("Official Gazette of the FPRY" No.45/47),as well as
all the prescriptioas issued on the basis of these regUlations,shall
cease to be valid.
Article 20.
Licences on opening cf representations,agencies and consignment
stock issued to foreign firms on the basis of provisions mentioned in
the preceding Article whose validity has not expired by the date of the
entry into force hereof,shall remain in force. The federal state
agencies which have jurisdiction over foreign trade may render decisions
on cessation of validity of those licences,
If the period for which,by a special decision issued according
to the old regulations,a specific person was given permission to manage
a representation,an agency or a consignment stock of a foreign firm has
already expired,then the licence for opening the representaticn,agency
or consignment stock shall cease to be valid if within 30 days from the
date of entry into force hereof the respective foreign firm does not
conclude an agency agreement in accordance with the orovisions hereof.
Article 21.
More detailed instructions on the carrying out hereof shall be
issued by the federal state agency which has jurisdiction over foreign
trade.
Article 22.
The present Regulation Foes into effect on the date of
publication in the "Official Gazette of the Federative People's
Republic of Yugoslavia".
BELGRADE ,June 18,1952.
President of the Government of the FPRY
and Minister of National Defense,
Marshal of Yugoslavia,
(Srd.) JOSIP BROZ-TITO
Minister in the Government of the FPRY
President of the Council for Commerce,
(SFd.) OSMAN KARABEGOVIC.
(OFFICIAL GAZETTE OF THE FPRY No.33,Item No.398, Belprade,June 25,1952)
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?17?
THE THIRD EXTRAORDINARY SESSION OF THE PEOPLE'S ASSEMBLY. OF SLOVENIA
During the first meeting of the third extraordinary session of the
People's Assembly of PR Slovenia held today in Ljubljana under the chair?
manship of Dr. Ferdo Kozak, four important aseaft laon decentralization
and democratization of people's authority in Slovenia were adopted, Law
on Activity of District People's Committees, Law on Town and Municipal
People's Committees, Law on Election and PAA611 cff'Members of People's
Committees and Law on Various Changes in the Territorial Division of
Municipaloplels Committees were passed.
The Chairman of the Council of Legislation and Building up of
People's Authority of the Slovene Government, Dr, Marjan 3rece1j, who
at today's meeting explained the proposed laws on peoples committees,
stressed that thereby a new system is being introduced in our country
as to organization and operation of agencies of people's authority and
state administration.
Marjan Breech j then emphasized that the proposed laws under
examination by the Slovene Assembly were not only produced. by legislative
and administrative bodies, since they were also discussed by all
political organizations, people's committees, in our daily newspapers,
at numerous mass meetings, etc. Theoretical explanation and detailed
analysis given at a session of the Federal Assembly by comrade Kardelj,
provides a basis for the outlining of republican laws to supplement and
accurately define the reorganization and. methods of work of people's
committees.
In his further explanation Dr. Breech j gave some more details
concerning the jurisdiction of municipal, district ana town people's
committees, organization and activity of people's committeea. He
emphasized that,owing to fusion of legislative with executive authority
to be exercized by people's committees as a whole, the principle of
permanent session was adopted. Dr. Brecelj especially stressed the
importance of the producers: councils, commissions composed of citizens
and also referred to a new institution founded in conformity with the
proposed law ? referendum.
? (Signed) K,M?
(BORBA. July 10 1952)
t { 7
FOLLOWING VIOLATIONS PEPPETRATED BY HUNGARIAN PLANES
A letter from the Senta District People's Committee
The District People's Committee of Santa sent a letter to the
Ministry of Foreign Affairs protesting most energetically against the
violation of our air space on the part of Hungarian aeroplanes, In that
letter it was stated that Hungarian aeroplanes in groups of two committed
a violation of the Yugoslav air space on eight occasion on June 23. They
flew as far as to Kanjiza which is located within more than 16 kilometers
iroa the border.
P
At a session of the District eople's Committee of Senta it was
further stated that this kind of provocation indicated that the Cominform
Hungary intendvito intimidate our people. But, we shall not allow to be
intimidated and,as to the unity of our peoples it cannot be destroyed
by no provocations whatsoever. The people of the district of Santa is
prepared to oppose any aggressor in the defence of achievements gained
through our Revolution, it was stated in conclusion of that letter.
.!(
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Finally, the people's Committee demanded the Ministry of
Foreign Affairs to protest most energetically against such violations
of the Yugoslav air space.
We want our Goidrndent to take steps with the U.E.
The Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the FPRY has received a large
number of protest telegrams condemnine the recent violation of the
Yugoslav air space perpetrated on tlle part of Hungarian aeroplanes,
demanding most energetic steps to be undertaken against such flagrant
violations.
"Being witnesses of the latest provocations of Soviet satellites,
as stated by citizens from the frontier region of Horgoe, we protest
against such evil provocations by Hungarian armed forces and demand
our Government to take appropriate steps with the Hungarian Government
and the United Nations Organization so that the whole of the democratic
world could learn which country is a peace-loving one and who is the
aggressor".
The workerel collective at the Oenta furniture factory, in their
protest telegram, stated that Hureerian planes flew over our territory
on June 23 and 25 on numerous occasions reaching 18 kilometers within
the Yugoslav territory "which confieme listt this Provocation was planned
beforehand with the object of violating peace of our country40
(BOR3A, July 1, 1952)
REPRESENTATIVES OF BURMA VISIT SUMADIJA
Representatives of political and economic life of Burma, members
of a delegation of Burma which has been in cur country since June 24,
yesterday left Belgrade eard began touring Serbia. Co Njen, Secretary
General of the Anti-Fascist Pfeplets League of Freedom, who is heading
this delegation,is44coampanitieiTin Maung Gd, Charge d'Affaires of the
Embassy of Burma, the first diplomatic representative of Burma to
perform his permament duty in Belgrade.
Yesterday, the delegation accompanied by representatives of
the Main Co-operative Federation of Yugoslavia and Serbia, visited
several districts in Sumadija displaying their interest in the
activity 'of peasant working co-operatives and agricultural co-operatives.
The delegation also looked round the vine growing co-operative at Vencac
in the district of Orasje.
(BOR_IA, July 1 952)
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MELTING OF THE DANUBE COMMISSION AT GALAC
The Chief of the Yugoslav delegation Dragoje Djuric spoke
to-day at the session of the Danube Commission, In his documented
speech he emphasized the subordonation of the Danube Commission to
the interests of a single country - the Soviet Union, which attains
its ends through its representative - the Secretary of the Commission.
Djuric also explained why does Yugoslavia seek the revision of the
rule of procedure and the statute of the Danube Commission.
Soviet representative Kononov spoke before the Yugoslav delegate'.
Speaking for the first time at this session as the Chief of the Soviet
delegation, lononov said that he cencursto"ths speeches of Hungarian,
Czechoslovak, Bulgarian and Rumanian delegates, and that he also agrees
to the proposal of the Hungarian delegate that the Yugoslav officials
should be appeinted as assistant secretaries and few other posts in
the Commission.
At the end of the meeting Hungarian delegate Sik submitted a
draft resolution, under which ttle.Yugoslav. draft resolution should
be considered by a specially set up commission comprising all repre-
sentatives of member countries. According to this proposal, the
question latd down in the Yugoslav memorandum would be debated at
one of the next sessions of the Danube Commission.
Chief of the Yugoslav delegation Djuric pointed out that behind
the speech of the Hungarian representatives intentions of the majority
is being concealed, which under the p.e.ft.ezatof "thorough study", wish
to postpone indefinitely the debate of the Yugoslav proposal.
.Final decision has not been passed on this Hungarian proposal
at to-day's meeting, but the representatives of Czechoslovakia and
Rumania declared that they are in favour of this proposal.
Yugoslav delegate Dragoje Djuric stressed in his speech that
the revision of the rule of procedure and the statute on the organisatia
of the Secretariat would mean the first step in settling troublesome
and impossible situation in which the majority brought the Yugoslav
delegation in the Danube Commission.
"That is why - said Djuric - the Yugoslav delegation attaches
great importance to the revision of these two regulations, ty which'
the majority attempts to legalise its action in the Danube. ommission
and to represent as completely legal the position of a Yugoslavia
deprived of rights, The rule of procedure and the statute offer
all formal conditions to conceal the violation and OffenCing
the most basic principles of the Danube Convention and the equality
and observance' e of sovereign rights and interests, and especially
when it deals with YugoslaVia..?
"The Yugoslav delegation. considers - said Djuric - that the
question of the internal organisation of the Danube Commissionis
the most important question which should be solved. All weak points
of the Danube Commission are deriving from its present organisation
which has been imposed already at the first session,
The present rule of procedure and statute subordinated the
Danube Commission to a single member :country, and that remains a
fact regaraees to the attempts of the majority to deny it. The
organisation of the Commission is such that the leading functions
are secured to that member country, to whom the majority wishes
to secure them.
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Turning to the yesterday's statement of the Hungarian
delegate Sik who said that the secretary and by this the secretariat
is responsible to the Commission, Djuric underlined that this does
not correspond to the actual tate nf affairs as the practice has shown
that the secretary and the secretariat are not responsible to the
Commission but that the secretary is answerable for his work only
to the Soviet Government.
"All what the Yugoslav delegation is criticizing derives from
this. Because such privileaed position of one delegation in the
Danube Commission causes a series of other deficiencies. These
privileges are given to the Soviet delegation in an.aIlegedly legal
way by the majority of votes owing to the political constellation
in this part of the world and to the relation which exist between the
government5of the countries of the Soviet bloc.
Such composition of the Danube Commission, founded on the
imposed rule of procedure and statute, puts Yugoslavia in an unequal
position. Yugoslavia is prevented from taking part in the management
of the Commission and attempts are made to avert Yugoslavia to
influence the work of the Commission':
Speaking further about the difficulties which the Yugoslav
delegation has while travelling to sessions at Galac, and for which
the representatives of the majority yesterday said that the Danube
commission could not deal with this ouestion, Djuric stated that
the Danube Commission canrot be indifferent as to how the Rumanian
authorities are treating the Yugoslav delegation in the Commission
in view that its seat is in Rumania.
Between Rumania and Yugoslavia there is no railway nor postal
traffic because Rumania cancelled the railway convention with
Yugoslavia. That is why coming to Gelae is accompanied with great
difficulties. When the Yuceslavddleation. returned from the last
session of the Commission to Belgrade its railway Carriage 1Cattsa
surrounded by Rumanian soldiers with bayonets on the muzzle of the
rifle on the Rumanian-Hungarian frontier. The situation was nothing
better with other countries Irough which the Yugoslav delegation
had to pass. In Budapest the police agents follow the Yugoslav
delegation in a provocative manner.
The Yugoslav delegation travelled through Bulgaria to this
session. The Bulgarian Embassy in Belgrade gave trEnsit visa only
before the train started, and even then not for all members of the
delegation. The Bulgarian Embassy stated that it could not allow
passage to a member of the Yugoslav delegation be'cause he is
allegedly known as being against Bulgaria.
Concluding his speech, the chief of the Yugoslav delegation
said:
"The Yugoslav delegation from the very beginning of the Danube
Commission consistently and steadily endeavoured to introduce the
principles which correspond to the democratic principles of our
time and that the Danube Commission should truly be an organisation
manazo by all its members on the basis of full equality and mutual
respect of rights and interests. The Yugoelav delegation already at
the first session and at the fcllowing meetings pointed to all that
which is contrary to the rrinciple of that co-operation and proposed
corresponding counter-measures. butamost often and in most important
cases the Yugoslav appeal remained without any reply. Thus the rule
of Procedure and the statute have been adopted at the first session,
by means of which the present impossible situation has been created':
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THE BALKANS AND THE ASPIRATIONS OF ROVE
An unforgettable international incident is still in the
unpleasant memory both in Greece and in Turkey: men are still
wonderin had could an idea ever come that to them, Greeks and Turks
and Italian general should be imposed as commander within the
Atlantic Fact.
Today this unfortunate idea has been ?reduced. In order to
remove its trace, General CastigliorA has been removed from his post
in the Atlantic military hierarchJ.But the Greeks and'Tillrks are still'
s1/56Hgthat attempt as of something that could have had far reaching
consequences, and that not only for the two countreee but for the
whole Balkan world.
It would be difficult not to agree with them in this respect.
Here, however, it is not only the question of the formal no-
mination of a personality, a foreigner, as commander of armies of
Athens and Ankara. Far more than that: the question was about an offer
that these armies should be commanded by a colleague of those
generals who in history already entered Greece and Tuckey - as
conquerors. And not even that,thet these generals in all and similar
tests always got bad marks, wes not In favour accepting the idea
about Gastiglioni as military commander of two worthy and strong
armies on the Balkans.
The attempt of Rome to impose its general to Greece and ?
Turkey, countries with which Italy is today in the Atlantic Pact,
was more skilful than any previous one. Once upon a time Rome first
sent its armies and afterwards appointed the commander over the
conquered country; now the commander had to be appointed without
those difficult and hard preceding "formalities". But the Greeks and
Turks are not considering that this new e-:en more nimble way has
introduced any change in the essence of the unchanged Italian
aspirations to the Balkans.
Of course, statesmen are refreining to say this using another
vocabulary than the diplomatic one, but the average citizens of
Athens or Ankara .is not restaining himself at all to openly
expose the public opinion of these countries.
The Greek and Turkish statesmen confined themselves mainly
to the statement that the question of the Italian commander over
their armies has been taken off from the agenda. Several high
officials expressed their view roughly in this sense:"My function does
not allow me to say thie officially, but privately, you can be
sure that in respect of Italian aspirations our and your feelings
are identical".
Hence it is no wonder that in Greece and Turkey one often hears
the views that the Italian aspirations, that is the policy and
claims of Rome today, are having an explicitly negative role and
that objectively can only undermine the defence of peace. By the
way, this view is not oniy. met in these two Balkan countries.
While the potential danger is not moving from the Balkans/
while the armies of the Soviet satellites are growing far more than
provided by the Peace Treaty, Rome as having nothing else to do,
than to interfere in affairs of the Balkans and to exploit all
its skill of international juggling for something that impartially
means the undermining of co-operation and determination to resist
against aggression.
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But Baleen countries are not at all ready to accept Rome
as a sponsor, the least as a guardian. That is why they in Ankara
and in Athens emphasize with satisfaction the assertions received
by Admiral Carney that the question of command in the Atlantic
eact can be solved only with the approval of Greece and Turkey.
As both countries are not willinp to accept and cannot conceive
why should an Italian genera), and by what right and on the basis
of what principles command their armies, - there is hope that by
this the danger has been removed that this question would trouble
their readiness for defence.
Nevertheless, it would be wrong to assume that an end has
been put to Italian appetites towards the Balkans with this episode.
For, the "city on seven hills" has long ago tho misfortune to have
pretenders to foreign parts and to the wealth of others. Conquering
marches of the ROVT legions have alway-s been.histrichlly determined
in our direction towards the Balkans, and that does not mean only
Yugoslavia but Greece and even '2urkey. That is the Italian "drang
nach Osten" whose adventures should bT borne in mind because -
as the present-time shows (no matter whether it is the question
of Castiglione, the Vatican nuncio who rushed to Greece and Turkey,
or of Trieste) - forgetfulness could be fatal. Not so much because
of the Rome power, but because of Its. skill to accomodate to all
conditions and to deceive, the naiv-J ones.
. It is natural however th:It the aspirations of official Rome are
met w4thi the cautiousness of some ceuntries, which experienced
both its unsincere frienriship and its insidious aggressions.
For the past half century, the Italian aspirations towards
the Balkans (and not only towards it) have so frequently and
clearly been manifested that about them there is no and cannot be
any doubt. At the conference in Buchlau in 1908,'Albania was
pronounced as an Italian zone and Greek as its sphere of influence.
In London , in 1915, Italy has, as price to betray the central
powers and to pass to the side of th Entente, extorted the promise
that aftewethe tar-the woUld,be eiven:Trentino and the Alpine Tyrol,
Trieste,and Gorizia, Istria and Dalmatia (she was not given Rijeka
and some islands) Valona and the island of Saseno (as well as ?
everything else which was to remain after the planned division),
all islands of the Dodecanese, the "right" to receive some parts
of Turkey ('specially in the part bordering the province.of
Adalia"), then Libya, expansion of possessions in Eritrea, Somaliland
etc. etc.
In 1919 D'Annunzio broke into Rijeka with his plunderers;
some years later (1923) Rome bombed the unprotected population of
Kgrfu, the same Rome which sent its army to prevent the creation
of the new Turkey and to seize its territory after the First World War
had had no smaller appetite neither towards the Greek Dodecanese;
Rome performed the aggression on the Balkans, broke into Albania
attacked Greece at the moment when the Italian Ambassador in Athens
toasted - "friendship wit} Greece"!; this same Rome broke later on
into Yugoslavia, already attacked from all sides by the GerNen and
Bulgarc-Hungarian Quisling troops; this Rome which with its %;alkan
appetites, was always classically beaten and always classically
incorrigible, after the short post war pause:again began to dream
about the "ancient glory", revealing his everlasting dream-book
in the form of Trieste or Kastiglioni-like aspirations.
"Once again it is more difficult to those with whom Rome
is one the same side, than to those against whom it declares itself" -
wittily said an Athens journalist.
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By.this he did not think of a peaceloving Italy in her national
boundaries, The war came and passed, out the recollections on it
are revived by those same people who wish to lead the present Italy
along the same dangerous Balkan paths
International co-operation in defending peace, and against
aggression can be stabilized only on the ground of respecting the
rights of nations, their independence and equality. The Balkans
can, as an Oly defend itself and at the same time Italy to a
certain extent, the more successfully if the latter ceases with its
aspirations to trouble and spoil that solidarity of peaceloving
countries, whose strengthening she ought to assist.
- 29th June, 1952)
SESSION OF THE DANUBE COMMISSION AT GALATZ
Chief of the Yugoslav delegation Dragoje Djuric at today's
meeting of the Danube Commission reviewed the Yugoslav draft rule
of procedure of the Commission.
The Yugoslav draft has 58 articles, devided-into eight
chapters. The first chapter of the draft regulates the composition
of the Commission and presidency, the functions of its members and
other questions. .The Second chapter deals with sessions of tho,
Danube Commission, discussions,votng and signing of the final act
of each meeting. The third chapter of the Yugoslav draft speaks
about the setting up of An executive committee, composed of
representatives of all members of the CommiSsion which will
administer the work between sessions, The executive committee
does not exist now. The other chapters of the draft speak about
the working groups, official langauges of the Commission, the
Secretariat and bodies, financial and other questions.
"In preparing :this draft rule of procedure - stated Djuric -
the Yugoslav delegation took into consideration the strict application'
of the Danube Convention and to enable a positive and constructive
work of the Danube Commission, on the ground of an actual co-operation
and equality of all member countries, the co-operation and equality
-which does 'notexist under the present rule of procedure, The Yugoslav
rule of procedure removes all elements which give more rights to ,
individual countries by removing the influence and. co-operation
of other members.-"
Dragoje Djuric then documented the Yugoslav proposal that
the Secretariat of the Danube Commission is not to be administered
by the secretary on his own will, without any responsibility before
the Commission, but a director who would really be responsible to
the Commission which can appoint or dismiss him. The new Yugoslav
rule of procedure - he said- would put an end to the conditions
in which one country, through its representative, controls
both the Secretariat and the body as well as the whole activity of
the Danube Commission.
The Yugoslav delegate then spoke about the attitude of the
secretary of the Danube Commission,the Soviet representative Kononov,
on Saturday, emphasizing that his speech was offensive to the
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Yugoslav Government and the Yugoslav delegation. Namely, ononov
restricted himself to say that the Yugoslev memorandum, in which
are stated the Yugoslav motives to demand the revision of the
present rule of procedure and statute, consists of "inventions".
"Such offensive wcrds - stated Djuric - should not be heard
in an international organisations We are, however, used to hear
such statements by Soviet representatives in other international
organisations too. But, facts cannot be denied by slanders, no. matter
how unpleasant these facts are to the Soviet delegation. Therefore
I request Nister ficnonov to refrilin in future from usind such e.xpressions
on the account of my country."
Informing the Danube Commission that the Yugoslav delegation
acknowledges the offer thet its officials shculd be appointed as
assistant secretaries and four ether posts in the Secretariat and
the body of the Commission, the chief of the Yugoslav delegation
Djuric said that in this wny the present abnormal condition would
be improved. This would mean one of the ways to improve the situation
in the Commission and to pass from the peried of inequality to the
period of genuine equality and co-operation.
"However, he added, this i3 not the first and most important
prentquisite.. Accordine to the vic:; of the Yugoslav delegation the
most important thing is that the internal organisation of the Danube
Commission should be in conformity with the Danube Convention, which
is provided by the Yugoslav draft rule of procedure. That is why we
expect, because those two matters for: an unity;that the majority
will declare about the question 'of the Yugoslav project, that is -
does the majority wish that Yugoslavia should remain in the Danube
Commission or not?
After the speech of the Chief of the Yugoslav delegation,
representatives of the Soviet majority in the Commission declared
one after another for the proposal of the Hunearian delegation that
the dehete of the Y,goslav dreft rule of nrocedure should be submitted
to a special eommisSion and to discuss it only at one of the next
sessions. They stated that "some questions" of the YuFoslav draft
are not "sufficiently clear" to them underlining their "good will"
to allegedly thoroughly study this question.
The Yugoslav representative Djuric set out reasons concerning
this,why the Yugcslav delegation is insisting that its draft rule of
procedure should be considered at this session.
Revising the present rule of procedure - he said an impossible
situation in the Danube Commission would be removed, which lasts
already three years. Second, the Yueepelev draft is quite mature
to be debated at this ?session. The Yugoslav delegation is ready to
offer all necessary explanation and adopt all possible useful
suggestions.
"The Yugoslav delegation considers - underlined Djuric -
that the reasons which are stated here are not justiable, by which
it is intended to postpone indefinitely the debate of the Yugoslav
draft rule of procedure".
Reminding that the delegates of the majority alleged that
owing to lack of time at this session the Yugoslav draft could not
be carefully debated, the Yugoslav representative pointed to the fact
that at the first session of the Commission the present rule of
procedure was adopted and debated for only four days though there was
no experience from the work of the former Dmilbe Commission. 24 hours
were sufficient to the delegates - said Djuric - not only to study the
Soviet draft rule.of procedure, but to study and reject the Yugoslav
draft rule of procedure. The next seesion will take place tomorrow
morning.
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FIRST STEPS OF REORGANIZED PEOPLES' COMMITTEES
New organization of the peoples' committees and of their adminis-
trative apparatuses is already proving to be a big step forward in the
development of the popular authority. Already now it can be quite
clearly seen that the reorgani75ation has opened broad possibilities
for the development of socialist democracy.
First meetings held by the poples t committees have almost every-
hwere passed off in discussions of current problems, particularly of
the budget. The newly setup councils have taken up their work serious-
ly nearly everywhere, particularly the councils for economy, education,
social welfare and public health. In many of the places corresponding
committees have been set up in the councils, and these have already
started functioning.
I do not claim that everything goes smoothly and that everything
is all right. No one ever imagined that the new organization would be
a perfect one or that it would function perfectly from the first day.
Various difficulties are cropping up and different concepts are
conflicting. (The data at my disposal have been collected from 20
districts, 8 towns and a certain numbe of other municipalities in
Serbia. I shall only mention here the biggest and most.important
problems which surely exist in other republics as well.)
The low professional level of the personnel employed in peoplest
committees represents an obvious and si2i0US difficulty. The number of
personnel with the proper qualifications is quite insufficient, The
peoples' committees must be helped as soon as possible by sending to
them a sufficient number of economists, jurists, agronomists, etcQ
We must be clear on the point that the peoples' committees, as the local
agency of lf-administration, will not be able to properly perform their
duties and Exercise their rights Lf tncJA, administrative apparatuses do
not have the necessary number of exports. The reorganization of the
federal and republic administrative apparatuses, which is in course now,
lends a possibility for helping the peoples' committees in this respect,
There still remains a lot of inedaptability with respect to
authorities vested in the councils and in the directors. In some places
the directors interfere with the authorities of the councils and in
other places it is vice-versa; in ether places, however, the councils
interfere with the authorities of the councils of districts or towns4'
Quite frequently presidents of. peoplest committees of districts take
upon themselves jobs which belong to councils and directors, while the
vice-presidents, by their interference, usually restrict the necessary
independence of the director for economy.
It is not only a question of inadaptability, which is understand-
able at the beginning of the work of a fundamentally new organization
of peoples' committees, but of the difficulties which mostly come
because republic laws on peoples? committees which will regulate all
these questions in detail have not yet been issued. Another difficulty
is the existence of various instructions and prescriptions of state
ministries, provincial and regional councils which have not yet been
reorganized and which are still working according to the old method.
In the peoples' committees of municipalities, reorientation of work
does not go so smoothly. The presidents of these committees have not
changed their old method of work very much because they have not as yet
grasped the fact that in the new organization they must call the peoples'
committees into session more often, the peoples' committees, being the
only ones authorized to solve the questions of any importance.
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It is a characteristic feature that in most of the councils the
members are mainly government employees while there is a small number
of immediate producers. The line of policy of "professional qualifica-
tion" of the council is followed here. Professional skill of personnel
who prepare the material and proposals for the councils is indispensable
but this by no means applies to the councils themselves. It is a good
thing to see to it at the time of the election of councils that the
members of the council should dispose with general knowledge of questions
which they will be solving, but this mast by no means lead up to unreason-
able restriction of participation by immediate producers in the work of
the councils. Judging by everything, the so-called policy of "profes-
sional qualification" of the councils hides in itself a certain degree
of belittling or at any rate a fear that the immediate producers will
not know how to handle various jobs in the way professionals handle them.
There is no reason to have any fear because already now our revolutionary
practice shows that the immediate producers are successfully administering
enterprises.
Even after reorganization, an end has not been put to everyday-
unauthorized interferences by personnel of peoples' committees and in
some instances also by personnel of the councils in the work of economic
enterprises and other institutions. Although explanations have been
given that in our country management of enterprises by the workers and
independent functioning of the institutions excludes the so-called
administrative-operational management 17 state agencies, the fact is
that this idea has not been fully accepted by the peoples' committees
or by all the leading men or by all the officials. Bureaucracy is
still existing even after the reorganization of the committees. Conse-
quently; the reorganization by itself has not been able to weed out the
remnants of bureaucracy primarily because of the fact that many of our
men are still not clear about the essence of the organizational changes
in the mechanism of state authority; changes in its functions. If these
vital questions are not fully understood, then the old habits and
practice will remain under certain circumstances.
The practice Of the bureaus of some of the Party leaderships of
districts and towns proves this. Th 9011C places the bureaus of the Party
committees are continuing their old practice of direct and everyday
interference in the work of the councils er, at any rate, in the work
of individual heads of councils. This interference is often in connection
with very minor questions. The fact that some of the bureaus of Party
committees of districts are still working in this way clearly shows that
some of our cadres still do not have a clear idea of some of the questions
of principle of the Party's line of policy.
The fact that we have not yet completed the changes in organization
of the mechanism of our popular authority certainly makes it difficult
for our men to get a clear picture of our entire system. We have, for
example, reorganized the peoples' committees but councils of oroducers
have not yet been set up. The councils of producers will be set up
after the elections which will be held at the end of this year. We have
gone a long distance on the road of decentralization, but however the
peoples' committees are still not managing many of the jobs which they
will be managing when decentralization is completed. One can see from
the articles written by Comrade Kidric and recently carried by Borba
that the sphere of activities of the peoples' committees has ch7717.7
only in the realm of economy.
It is certain that after the final completion of the reorganization
many of the unclear and wrong concepts of the meaning and character of
the revolutionary changes which we are making will disappear.
However, even at this stage these changes would be clearer if the
work of the Party organizations in explaining them to the popular masses
were more intensive. There are very few lectures on these questions.
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The press does not contain many simple explanations of theoretical
hypotheses from works by our leading Comrades. The number of politically
elevated cadres engaged in this work is a small one. It is necessary
to extend more help to the Party leaderships of districts and towns;
similarly it is necessary for these leaderships to extend more help to.
the basic Party-organizations.
It is not necessary for me to particularly emphasize how important
this work is. This work helps our workers to got clearer pictures and
to administer in a full measure state and other public jobs through
their self-adminiStering agencies. The workers are
managing througli the self -a.dminister-
ing agencies--that i8 the essence of socialist democracy.
The wrong and bureaucratic ideas that selected men should command the
workers through these agencies cannot exist.
The Party organizations today have no task which is more important
than the task of political and educational work among the masses--work
which will elevate our men so that they could more successfully manage
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(r,ORBA - 1st July, 1952)
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? 23
PROPAGLNDA OF LIES
hew.large, undertakings in our country excite everyuhere dis-
cussions, criticism, suspicions and wishes - according how they
feel about the matter and what they expect. It is natural that
the efforts of our people give rise to a great deal of interest because
they belong to a community where men dispose of the yields of their
production. It is therefore quite natural that these effor4e are
followed closely and judged and measured. We shallbe able to differ
from criticism and approval what is healthy end well intentioned
and :whatis pathological and ill inentioned .
Our efforts are r by those who know something about
our country and ourselves bl_lt more often by those who know nothing
or very little. We can ensily know those who strive sincerely to
understand and explain even if they are too for ay from us to be
able to understand all, We like those wLocoo.ze- and we had them over
here from many countries and their.numoer is ever increasing - they
come in our midst to see and learn, yet their ste7 is generally
short so that they cannot ccnceive fully oittrealt7-it Itl its
aspects and all the cauLcs which make it suchA Sue}, interpreters of
our realiklyp
RAVd;WRikaW@IONV MMNMIX$ZtingteiT5Raid&t4464 9 -11th en it
is humane and well -intentioned .
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-
GREEK PARLIAMENTARY DELEGATION WILL ARRIVED IN YUGOSLAVIA 4TH JULY
The Greek parliamentary delegation which is coming to Yugoslavia
on the invitation of the People's Assembly-of the FPRY, will arrive
in Belgrade on the evening of the 4th July, it is announced. The
delegation will consist of all Greek parliamentary groups, including
five members of parliament of the Liberal Party, five of the Epek,
six of the Movement for the Union of the Greek Peoples, and one
belonging to a group of agricultural workers. A group of Greek
journalists will accompany the Greek delegation in Yugoslavia.
(Tanjug)
(BORBA - 1st July)
UNO FOUNDED SEVEN YEARS
The anniversary of the Organisation of the United Nations will
most probably be marked in the world public by stressing that which
was realised for the past seven years as well .as enumerating a number
of difficulties and hindranceswhich in this period of time occurred
and resisted the application ol the princi.ples of the Charter, which
all the member nations solemnly ace,2pted. The development of the
international relations in the period, after its creation did not =lie
in the spirit and in the sense of these basic principles; its affir-
mation as the supreme international forum by the help of which and
through whom the contours of the new intarnational.order should be
expressed is still far away from the expected and wished for results.
The balance of the anniversary of the United Nations in other words is
not satisfactory.
Does that mean that the idea concerning the basic postulates and
principles of the new international order, based on collective
security, peaceful solution of international disputes and conflicts,
mutual understanding and efforts in the direction of restriction of
armament and the common organisation of measures for safeguarding
peace has failed?
Can one justifiably affirm as yetIthat the resistance against the
appliance of these principles and postulates which exist and which is
based on selfish interosts and shortsighted political tendencies of
individual members of the organisation threatens the repOtion of the
dramatic picture of impotence and final annihilation of the former
League of Nations which has been so deeply ingrained in the conscious-
ness of present humanity?
No, that need not have, such a dark perspective as this. The
selfish ? interests and shortsighted political moves of individual
members, either great or small, can for long flutter over international
relations and threaten the prospects of a new international order but
they cannot in the least injure the ideological contents of the
charter and its basic political and moral value In vain are all efforts
and attitudes, the world can neither organise itself nor safeguard
peace on the basis of any hegemonies and domination. The modern
imperialists will lose breath and he will not have material and still
less moral Strength to weave a net in which they would collect
enslaved people and destroy their human rights and their legal yearn-
ings to live freely, independent and in agreement in the general
international community. This resistance of such international
factors, however it might be persistant and fateful', raises the
ideological contents of the charter and imbues more consistently its
moral and political qualities in the consciousness and conscience of
the broad people's masses throughout the world.
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A struggle is forced, a consistent and persistent fight for
the new international order on the basis of the Charter. The only
true struggle for the safet,uarding of intcrnetional peace.
In this struggle, the people of Yugoslavia, by general recog-
nition, are to be found in the first ranks. They are unanimous,
not only from the end of the Second World War but also during its
existence, they su)port the political and state leadership in their
own country which in fact consistently carries out a policy of peace
and peaceful international co-operation, a policy of conscious
striving for the achievement of a 1-.-11 international order based on
the princiPles and postulates of the Charter of the United Nations.
(REPUPLIKA - 1st July, 1952).
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a".1.
-ENEMIES OF SOCIALISM AT Wax AMONG OUR YOUNG PEOPLE AT SCHOOL
In the course of the last two years Party organisations in Maribor
gained valuable experience struggling against the ialuence of the White
Guard reaction and its methods and means used among school children.
From this experience we can see that all these attempts carried out
behind the scene are by no means incidental or isolated from other
attempts made by reactionary clergy, but is a component part of the
systematic and premeditated action planned by the Vatican with the object
of taking away the youth from joining Our present social community's
The abuse of religious feelings and cultural backwardness for these aims
is evident since they are the foundations for a revival of the movement
of the White Guard sponsored by the hostile clergy.
Our efforts for the development and deepening of socialist ,
democracy and constructive criticisms and discussions on common meraterm.
were interpreted by hostile elements as yielding and opening of doors
to western democracy under which the reactionary ideology could gain
fresh strength and thus be smuggled into new conditions in ourcountry.
Even some communists were not suffieiently aware of class characteristics
of socialist -democracy and thereby their alertness towards hostile activity
was diminished. Not until they became witnesses of some hostile acts
they could realise what is the importance of views on current events
and oportunis tic yielding and how detrimental It
Last year reactionary elements succeeded in opening a broad discussion
on bad character of young peoples This discussion was put on the agenda
as one of the items taken up by Front and mass organisations. Although
the idea was to examine certain emamples, from life of young people, these
discussions were from the very boginninedirected against the socialist
society and the peoplels authority instead of criticizing the system of
education at school, home or youth organisations. In most cases it was
obvious that the idea was to avoid discussion over the activity of the
class enemy displayed among our youth. As 'soon as the situation as to
our young people was examined,, one could easily realise that it was. a
matter of a premeditated hostile activity. During those discussions
complaints were made that discipline was weak although at that time
exactly the authority took energetic measures for the observation of
disciplinary order in schools. As soon as the Party came out against
this exaggerated manner of treating this problem, new problems were
produced and placed on the agenda such as books, cinemas, entertainments.
and dancings detrimental to our youth. Undoubtedly some Qt it was trae
but the people's authority alone was made responsible for all that as if
it could be blamed for the fact that young people went in late evening
hours to the cinema or dancings etc. As to poor results reported by
school administratipil in the course of these discussions the authorities
were again, biamedlLS prstwet, that text books and similar euipment were
not made available. Debate on teachings encouraged various people to
touch upon IratiOts things instead of arguing about the basic social
problems. A good example of this can be found In a debate in which a
professor of history tried by all means to explain on the basis of
historic materialism how Trubar joined the Protestant movement.. The
development of Protestant movement in Slovenia could not be brought
about by the same causes which introduced it in other countries. Today
there is a large number of pedagogues and professors believing that
dialectic materialism should be studied only by those professors who
are concerned with the subject of sociology while others do not need it.
The difficult circumstances under the occupation were also cited as one
of the reasons why young people showed poor success. They pretended that
their srilitual development was definitely held up and thus underestimated
the Capacity of. our youth. Instead of blaming the circumstances during
the war, they could better try to solve this problem 'bymaking up for
the wasted time by cutting down the programs and in adapting them to
practical requirements to include the essential items ln the necessary amount
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?b--
instead of maintaining a bureaucratic attitude according to which school
children must study the full programs. A tension was created when the
young people were blamed for spending too much time in playing games, or
going to cinemas, etc.
In those circumstances the communists only established the facts
and cited what the failures and shortcoming were in our schooling and
education system without taking any more energetic measures for the removal
of deficiencies. As soon as the commurists and progressive vdaeAtors began
to strengthen the discipline and datael from papils to work more, the enemies
in turn took the opposite direction: they began to be inclined to yield to
the wishes of young people,thus aiming to gain their sympathy and approval.
Such people in fact were apateciatel by young people who lack experience
and cannot have an objective stand. This was just a manoeuvre aimed at
involving the youth in their reactionary strivings. The reaction blamed
the socialist cohmunity and the people's authority for the present situation
tnti pretended that it was a result of the introduction of the socialist
system on the part of the working class which is primitive, incaeable and
uneducated. All their slogans an allocations were directed towards making
the impression that without the religious mystical education honest man
(tenet be brought up. At the time when the Party began to defeat such
efforts, the reactionary elements were coafronted with a dilemma: before
the authorities they had to pretend to be loyal, while behind their back
they continued with their reactionary activity. The young people assumed
this sane false attitude, thus renfliriee the work of educators and youth
organizations among them inpossible. Therefore all steps undertaken by
youth organizations for a revival of discueeions on those subjects, failed.
pierical fascist circles attempted to atuee the lack of experience of
young people by encouraging them to work against the authority: claiming
that that was their "historic duty" consisting in oppoeiticn to the exist?
ing social order and the authority*
The main success which later on enabled the reactionary elements
to develop their hostile actiity among our youth was achieved by the cler.tnal
fascist circles who somehow mobilized the proeressive edeeators dealing
with less important problems s".. , although not being extremely important
or essential, were, of course, of some influence even upon the basic
problems of the current situation.
The main things which progressive educators must realize if they
wish to assume a correct attitude towards their work are as follows:
to understend that present deficiencies and shortcomings in the educational
system do not arise from the socialist order in our country, that is to
say that they are not necessarily brought about by socialism but are in
fact the remnants of the capitalist past survived in this transitional
period which get infiltrated in our class straggle if we neglect the class
nature of this period and thus the struggle against the remnants of the
past as well.
Therefore the struggle for this new socialiat education in this
transitional period should be centered upon the struggle against the
remnants of the capitalist past in all its format Our efforts are not
solely being directed against the exploitation of man by man but also
against spiritual exploitation resulting from the cultural backwardness
of the masses. This is an extensive straggle including the suppression
of all infiltrations of capitalism or petit?bourgeois system, that is of
ideilimn and mysticism. Not until we defeat all stands inherited from
the past, shall we obtain a solid basis for socialistic education in our
country. Struggle against the remnants of bourgeois elements must today
take the most important place ) more ieportant one than the outlining:of
plans for the future, although being of certain significance which must
not be underestimated; one erould bear in mind that a solid foundation
for our new methods of education must be built up in this struggle, and
apart from that that the outlining of plans for the future outside of this
struggle might also land us to idealization, utopianism and disappointment.
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If we fail to realise the class essence of all this struggles nobody
will be able to rescue us from the blind alley in which we might get
into. Revolutionary practice of the working class has confirmed that
class struggle cannot be replaced by any substitute
In secondgry schools of Maribor hostile activity of certain
religious instructors and anti-national clergy aswell as of some
students betrayed by them, has amused great proportions, Reactionary
educators have begun completely to ignore the methods of true material-
istic science by introducing idealism and my6ticism in instructions in
the treatment of subjects from history and literature esseeoially,
In this manner they became saboteurs by exploiting democraoys They also
made open statements against our social reality. One of these educators
declared before the students that he was and will remain -a Clerical,
Another one interpreted before the students various decrees issued. by
our authority as barbarian activity and terror. Another one on his side
went so far in stating that people was going to revolt against the
peoplels authority. The young people encouraged by ouch and similar
statements began to express in their turn their own hostility towards
the socialist reality in Our country. In one of their essays on Presern
a student availed himself of that opportunity for waging a rude and
slanderous attack on the present political education. He complained
that none of the ideas of Presern were realised today owing to the fact
that young people are currently being instructed how to commit murders.
A girl student who hesitated to express her views openly preferred to
assume a hypocritic attitude towards our community. She did not argue
about her mystical views in the spirit of scientific materialistic stand
but only referred to our political events by attacking them, Whither
such absurdities can lead a young man subjected to instructions- of
defender of the White Guard; one can be see from the example of the
student who compared his own homeland with that of a bumblebee. ,
Apart frus, the taot?tbat various Clerical Fascist educators carried
out their activity through duping of youth, reactionary clergy
-together with Jesuits and choir boys led this hostile activity in
the Maribor bishopric. Therefore there is no wonder that young people
who expreSsed their dissatisfaction regarding the treatment of the
Trieste problem without the participation of Yugoslavia o were attacked
by them! The most reactionary literature dmed against acoialism was
distributed by youth who usedto visit the 02.71, office in Maribor
various books on ?spiritual restorationn issued by Salesian monks. The
same yavt"..its tsaued an illegal ?literary? gazette propagating among other
things the revival of Catholic activity. Conseqaently almost without
one single exception all young people who carried a oreligious'3 life
in Maribor had a hostile attitude towards their socialist homeland and
also took an active part in the fulfilment of designs planned by the
Slovene White Guard,
The Jesuits Borden and Boehm were almost always in the lead of this
hostile education, When they were approached by a young man who had two
difficulties, that is his motherls illness and his own sexual troubles,
these Jesuits cunningly used him for their own political scopes. Those
gentlemen somehow solved, moral problems in a simple way; sins can be
daily committed and appropriate indulgence can be granted everyday as wella
Therefore it is quite understandable why this young man was extremely
grateful to the Catholic Church for such a help in his ? ? moral lifel
In this case their two-faced morale was also reflected in his private
life this student was ruined while on the other hand at school he was
considered as a fanatic defender and advocator of the Catholic morale.
These Jesuits did not blame this young man for being extremely ambitious
and haughty.bv.t pretended that he had good qualifications including
persistence which meant that he was going to succeed in his plans.
As to his activity among thegirlst he was advised to be most energetic;
decisive and conceited since such a behaviour makes the girls respect mena
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Thanks to to all these "moral instructions on life this student became
a fervent agitator of the Clericals in this secondary school and as
Boon as he claimed to have the situation under control,his efforts
proved rain.
Apart from moral deficiencies brought about by this kind of
hostile education, we are also concerned about its effects. Sooner
or later _consequences of _such an instruction must he manifested, Owing
to this SOM8 young people have lost their national feeling, and now
have completely been deprived of patriotic feeling towards their own
homeland as well as towards their own people. The limit of all this
represents the allegation that the Americans are pigs failing 4141
Intervene in our country. All honest citizens must naturally be
amazed by thie wondering who are the people pertaining to have the right
to invite an enemy to attack their own homeland and people after our
magnificent struggle for liberation,' We are deeply conviaaad that all
citizens in any country throughout the world would get a right punishment
for such a thing because political struggle has also some limits. High
treason does not come within the frameaork of political straggle but
is ranked among criminal deeds of the most flagrant nature* Such
misdeeds can be committed in our country by ideologists of cominform
or the policy of the Vatican who are the only people capable of such
behaviour.
On the basis of all those facts nobody can blame the authority
for having fulfEled its tasks in removing from our schools all those
educators and students ening from the ranks of Clerical Fascists who
developed hostile activity. In fact this was against our good will
and our willingness to assist them in adopting the new road.
But the hostile Clerical Fascists would not be faithful to
themselves unless they used no allegations or lies referring to their
own hostile activity at the time when it was exposed. Tilsit object
was to dissemble their smeared political treason under the cloak of
religion and religious persecution. Artuming such a stand they intended
to become the prosecutors insteaA of appearing on the defendantsIbench.
Their own hypocricy they intended to attribute to all those honest
educators who obeyed the wishes of their own people and revolted against
the old fashioned conceptions joining the ranks of the working class
in its struggle against exploitation and backwardness. They further
intended to shake the honest instructors by appealing to their feelings,
tha sense of honour and honesty, etc, Nevertheless they carefully avoided
any kind of arguments on their own errors and directed all their efforts
to the undermining of the people's authority, When all those efforts
Produced no results whatsoever it was evident that the working class of
Maribor had realised what was the object of the destructive activity of the
Clerical Fascists. Some of them could hear the true warnings by our
working men and their wives. In the struggle for socialist education and
school local Party organisations should carry on with their own clecxly
outlined program.
Our struggle must result from the conviction that today the great
challenge and obstacle to socialist education represent these efforts
and influences of the enemy of socialism on educational work. In
addition to this we must further struggle against all ideological
remnants of mysticism,various ideolocical frippery of the past. Utmost
care should be devoted to the scientific interpretation of all subjects
under the program of our schoals. We cannot decide what kind of education
our youth requires at the green table, in a bureaucratic manner, but
in accordance with social development and relations in our class struggle
and socialist advance. In our public life we must get rid of any kind of
underestimation of our wcrking class especially with regard to young
people in our couni.y who should be e4ucated in love and respect for the
working class and its efforts eictidTihe creation of a better life for our
community.
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?5-
Por the working class has established this unity among our peoples
which must be intensified by our young people developing love of their own
socialistic homeland to an increasing extent. Our Party must strAggle for
removal of any kind of a bureaucratic attitude towards our youth who deserve
our full attention. In this way only we shall be able to apply an effective
system of education. Apart from providing a scientific orientation of our
youth, the adoption of a correct attitude towards young people is one of
,the most important tasks as to secondary school education.
As regards youth organizations, they should completely change their
methods of work in secondary schools, They should take into consideration
the fact that young people like to dl.scuss things t1iorchly0 One of the
basic tasks consists in the fact that young people must be directed to join
in our current efforts made in oux country. A. sharp struggle is also to
be waged against the adoption of the reactionary vi-ws that our youth must
be in opposition to the people's authority. Arguments which were valid
at the time of revele.ien against the reactionary capitalisn2 cannot stand
nowadays when the now socialistic society is about to bo built upo Young
people should be offered such kinds of amusements which can contribute to
the strengthening of their forces to be emoloyed for learning and at work.
A still closer links should be established between students and working
youths.
With the assistance of front and syndicate organizations, adults
must to a greater extent be engaged for this straggle to the benefit of.
our youth as a whole. Parents must realize that their children cannot
become honest citizens and happy people unless they join their efforts
with the working people of our country0 The future of their children
would depend upon tho-_ attitude adopted towards the policy of the.
working class on the part of yo..1.1g po*leo- As to the positive relation
to the workingclass, it should not be smeared on the part of the parents,
or school. For the sake of their children's future, the parents should
take the lead in the struggle agatnst reactionary influences upon young
people.
(Signed) Vlado Majhen.
(14TVIle AII?OVAI, June 21, 1952)
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THE CLERGYMAN POZ/TIX IS BOTH MIND AND DEAF
Last week at Vid near Cerknica there was a great celebration
taking place to mark the 10th anniversary of the arrival of first partisan
units in this place and the electrification of this place as well. Both
events took place on the same day. During the National Liberation Struggle
150 victims fell in this place which was neglected at the time of reactionary
regimes.
A large number of people were gathered on that occasion to hear a
report of the Chairman of the Realonal Ideople's Committee on domestic and
foreign political situation, car efforts and achievements in the struggle
for a better future of the working people. The meeting was also addressed
by Major of the Yugoslav People's Army Comrade Pavlin, who invited the
present people to persist in their struggle against all those who intend
to hinder the working peorle in their strivinaa
Total value of the amount of work on electrification carried out
in this place was 19,166,300 dinars. The value of voluntary work contributed
by the population and material amcuntei to 532,300 dinars. Apart from that
the people also contributed 475,000 dinars in cash. Total amouat of contributions
made by the local population therefore elualled 1,007,000 dinars9 IS The
District People's Committee allocated 13,634,000 dinars from its own means.
The people fully appreaciated the attention received from the
people's authority. The only persons wlio was completely disinterested in
this celebration was the local clergamaa Vliator Poznik. Instead of speak-
ing about this achievement in an hones- way since he himself will also
eik4 4
enjoy the benefit of electricitydefr
, e le)d a Mass at ,5.00 PM (I), exactly
at the time when the meeting was callea. He did this under the pretext
that that morning he conducted a mass in another place in their neighbour-.
hood. which preveted him from being in his parish that morning. The participants
in this celebration believed that a misunderstanding was involved, and
therefore sent some people to intervene with the priest to postpone his
service. On two occasions the priest behaved in a rude manner with the
representatives of the people, and fiAe.-ly, told his cook to tell the
representatives that the Mass was going to be held at 7.00 PM.
Naturally, the pealple were very much disappointed with such a
behaviour of their priest.
What is in fact the aspect of the clergyman Poznik? He has the
reputation of a Ugood host?. Nevertheless he knew how to establish links
with 24 Slovene emigrants now resident in America Who sent him regularly
good supply of packages allegedly intended fcr "the use of the churcho.
In his letters to these emigrants he knew how to depict the hopeless
position of the church and poPulation applying for their helpeclaiming to
be completely neglected on the part of the people's authority. Apart from
this.he also listed the names of their relatives who refused to have
their children baptized by such a type of man as he wee. This was an open
denounciation. His idea was to incite quarrels among relatives so that
he might obtain more things from America for himself.
What his relation to the state was one could easily realise from
tax declarations concerning his own and church property. As an intelligent
person he ehould know what efforts our state and people's authority is making
for the rieing of the living standards in our country, so that he also
could know what his duty was to this effect. But he negleoted his duty
_following the example of a number of other clergrmen. They all pretend to
have no duty towards the socialist state. In 1950 and 1951 he claimed to
have had an income of 314,907 dinars as compared with 280971 belonging to
the charbh. These are facts which eannot be found included in tax forms
filled in by this clergyman. He declared that total income amountdd to
74,810 dinars only. Therefore the appropriate authorities were revolted
by such a behaviour.
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Let us now compare the amount of taxes paid in by other inhabitants
of this place for the same period with those of the church and its
clergyman. In 1950 they paid taxes amounting to 270,336 dinars and in
1951, 618,623 dinars, totalling 888,959 dinars. In effect they represent
67% of total taxes. On the other hand the state allocated to the
population of this place 2,644,000 dinars paying out pensions of
disabled persons p family pensions and subsidies. This practically means
that the allocation made by the state is three times as big as the amount
of taxes actually paid by the local population. In all this place
received nine times as much as it gave to the state, Fere t113 sum of
18 million dinars allocated for electrification schemes :.A.st also be
included.
We assume that this clergyman ch.o1,1d both think and -;1;e4k about
our peoploss authority and its care for the peoplals welfare in an
objective way instead of sending false messages to the emigrants living
in America. Ho should think about these figures. This also can refer
to all those who are being betrayed by the clergyman Poznik and should
on the basis of facto see what the actual situation is like In his
blind obedianue to the Vatican and adopting a hostile attitude towards
everything that is positive, this clergyman remains both blind and deaf.
(MOTT,NSKI POBOOEVALE0 ? 27th June, 1952)
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THIS IS AN ENCLOSURE TO
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JOINT TRANSLATION SERVICE
SUMMARY OF THE YUGOSLAV PRESS
This Bulletin contains translations from Yugoslav newspapers and periodicals. It is intended for the use of
the participating missions and not for general distribution. Accuracy of the translations is not guaranteed.
No .652
STATI NTL
INDE 4nd.Ju1y, 1952.
P.1. Headlines of Borba of the. 2nd July
P.2A. Headlines of Politika of the 2nd July
FROM NARODNA DRZAVA NO.344 OF 1952
P.3. Regulations on procedure for the liquidation of economic
enterprises
Content and form of minutes of meetings of Workers' Councils
and meetings of.Managing Boards of enterprises
*.
P.7.
P.12. Significance of the Law on Administrative-Disputes for.
strengthening the law (Speeh by Fran Frol in the People's
-Assembly on the 31st March 1952).
FROM BORBA OF THE 29TH JUNE
P.21. Recall of our representatives from Bulgaria - Yuos1av
diplomats arrive back in Belgrade
5 more Bulgarian citizens escape to Yugoslavia
P.22; Sentence passed on Cominform spies in Buje
FROM BORBA OF THE 30TH JUNE
-P,17. Bulgaria under the foreigner (Article by A.Petkovic)
FROM POLITIKA OF THE 30TH JUNE
P.35e Important sabotage activities in Hungary: several factories
destroyed and damaged by fire
FROM BORBA OF THE 1ST JULY
P.19. US agricultural expert, Mr.Jenkins, studies our types of maize
P.20. Election of regular and honorary members of Yugoslav Academy
of Science and the Arts
Vaso Butozan elected new Rector of Sarajevo University
P.22. What is in fact the cause of crime? - discussion at open
party meeting in Klenovnika
P.23. Preparations for meetings of Assemblies and of People's
Committees
FROM REPUBLIKA OF THE 1ST JULY
P.27. The importance of discipline and solidarity in socialism
(Article by Stan i Drug)
P.28.. Our foreign trade and the new economic system (Article signed
over/
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FROM BORBA OF THE 2ND JULY
P.25. Statement by lAmiral Mountbatten concerning his visit to
Yugoslavia
The village of Kumrovec and the American town of Chester
exchange gifts
P.26. Bulgarian troops camp near Yugoslav frontier
9 foreign countries will exhibit their products at this
year's Zagreb Fair
P.20. Confirmation of lists of Foods to be exchanged between
Yugoslavia and Belgium
P.30. PTT: Slovenes outside Yugoslavia still forced to ftght for
their basic rights seys 1Thimorski Dnevnik
The position of the Slovene minority in taly
P.31. The celebration of the 8th anniversary of the Italian Union
of Istria and Rijeka
F.32. End of sixth session of Danube Commission
P,33, Manoeuvre in Galaz (Editorial on Danube Commission)
P.34, Infiltrated Albanian spy qnd war criminal surrenders to
Yugoslav authorities
Israeli Minister visits Bogden Crnobrnja
*******
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HEADLINES
- 1 -
BORBA
2nd July, 1952.
P.1. Political chronicle:
Today the Sixth Plenary Session of the CC CP Macedonia
begins in Skoplje
Special Commission will consider problems of worker-youth
103 million dinars for communal building at Skoplje
END OF SIXTH SESSION OF DANUBE COMMISSION
YUGOSLAV TRADE RELATIONS ABROAD: LISTS OF GOODS TO BE
EXCHANGED CONFIRMED
MANOEUVRE IN GALAZ (Editorial on Danube Commission)
ISRAELI MINISTER VISITS BOGDAN CRNOBRNJA
Aide methdire on tri-partite aid to Yugoslavia to be handed to
Yugoslav Government on the 6th July
INFILTRAT1D ALBANIAN SPY AND WAR CRIMINAL MALICI SERIF
? SURRENDEAS TO OUR AUTHORITIES
THE REORGANISATION OF THE ECONOMIC APPARATUS OF THE GOVERN-
MENT OFB &.H
Greek-Italian trade relations interrupted
FTT: SLOVENES OUTSIDE YUGOSLAVIA STILL FORCED TO FIGHT FOR
THEIR BASIC RIGHTS, SAYS PRIMORSKI DNEVNIK
Regulation.. on the Social FqP.11(1-V':fermembers of the free
professions being prepared
Travel grants for paents too: 'members of the Yugoslav,
AssociatLon of the Blind have 75% grants three times a year
Erection of machinery begins, in the electrical works"Kosovo":
New machinery in the mine "Novo Brdo".
P.2. DEATH OF THE PEOPLE'S HERO COLONEt PANE DJUKIC
Tragic daath of Major Zdenko Sumanovac
In honour of the sixth congress of the CPY: in-ffitation to
Mavrov builders to take part in competition
So far the National Committee for the Defence of Peace has
rece:i-ed 6.7 million dinars worth of contributions
MaritteCongress to be held at Rijeka on the 5th and 6th July
Accor.aing to one judgment: those who are responaible and
those who take no care of people's property
Meetlng of Workers' Council of miners at Ivanec
Letters to the Editor:
Our socialist development in words and pictures
Proposal from a high school teacher
A proposal about general education in our schools
It is good to learn e foreign language but better to know
your own
A traveller's justifiable complaint
P.3. STATEMENT BY ADMIRAL MOUNTBATTEN CONCERNING HIS VISIT TO
YUGOSLAVIA
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- 2 -
P.3. THE VILLAGE OF KUMROVEC AND THE AMERICAN TOWN OF CHESTER
EXCHANGE GIFTS
BULGARIAN TROOPS CAMP NEAR YUGOSLAV FRONTIER
Measures against misinformation in Greece
Duclos released
The war in Korea: negotiat!ons in Pan Mun Jom renewed:
discussion concerning Korea continues in Britain:
By an error Britain was not consulted about the bombing
of the hydro-electric lant says Acheson
Dispute in Labour Party over Korean ref,o3lition
Group of Conservatives condemn official attitude to Korean
question
High ranking US airforce officers arrive in Korea
Protagonist to Singhman Rhee condemned to death
P.4.
Prior to the predeLtial elections in the US: Steverson
will accept demecratic nonlnotion: Taft will not be able
to defeat democrats tut Elionhower may says New York Times
Discussion on Germany in Ccngress: Senate Committee
recommends US to ratify TA --, agreement'itmediately
A view of American economy (2): military production in the
US will maintain a hien level (Article by Jnze Smole)
THE POSITION OF THE SLOVENE flINORITY IN ITALY: THE ITALIAN
AUTHORITIES ARE STRANGLING THE ECONOMIC AND CULTURAL
DEVELOPMENT OF SLOVENES IN GORIZIA
Rumanian Working Party paper ntea accuses Luk of
sabotage
Plunder by Soviet soldiers in Hungary
New Assistant Secretary of State in the US
Resignation of Hilali Paha is a failure of Farouk's policy
says Combat
YUGOSLAV ECONOMIC RELATIONS ABROAD: TRADE RELATIONS - ONE
OF THE BRIDGES TO UNDERSTANDING AND CO-OPERATION BETWEEN
YUGOSLAVIA AND AUSTRIA
CELEBRATION OF THE 8TH ANNIVERSARY OF THE ITALIAN UNION OF
ISTRIA AND RIJEKA
Lowering of prices of certain medicaments
NINE FOREIGN COUNTRIES IN MIS YEAR'S ZAGREB FAIR
Reorganisation of local authorities in the Eijeljina
District
Young people near the frontier vaccinated aePinst
tuberculosis
Regulation being prepared on the social security for
porters, shoeblacks, etc.
The villagers of Kijevic build a school
House of Commons rejects Labour Resolution requiring
vote of censure on the government for events in Korea
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- 2A -
P.4. Sirry Pasha still forming new Egyptian Government
Resolution of European Conference of the World Jewish
Congress
Security Council rejects Soviet proposal
American Senate ratifies general agreement with Western
Germany
P.5.. SENTENCING OF CHETNIK JUDGE
POLITIKA
P.2. Following the meeting of Eden, Acheson and Schuman: London
hypothesis (Article by Leon Davico)
Prior to the presidential elections in the US: balance of
strength between Eisenhower and Taft: possibility exists
that the Republican Congress may accept MacArthur as compro-
mise candidate
P.3. THE RECENT ELECTION OF NEW MEMBEHS OF THE SZRBIAN ACADEMY OF
SCIENCE: IN DEFENCE uF ADVANCED THOUGHT:
---'BELGRADE JOURNALISTS CONDEMN ACTION OF SERBIAN ACADEMY OF
SCIENCE
P.4. Question for
appear
discussion: hOle commodity exchanges ought to
(Article by Miodrag Jevremovic)
'RETURN FROM SWITZERLAND OF WIFE AND CHILDREN OF THE PILOT
KAVIC WHO ESCAPED IN A JAT PLANE FROM YUGOSLAVIA LAST YEAR
P.2. PART OF FOREIGN EXCHANGE WHICH MUST BE GIVEN TO THE NATIONAL
BANK
.*
DISABLED VETERANS.. TO RECEIVE 10,000 CARE PARCELS
P.7, OPLENAC TO BE OPENED AS A RESORT
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REGULATIONS ON PROCEDURE FOR LIQUIDATION OF ECONOMIC
ENTERPRISES ,
The government. organ establishing an economic enterprise may
decide to liquidate it. However, by issuing a decision to liquidate
the enterprise, the legal relations formerly established by the
enterprise are still existing. Therefore, it is necessary for the -
legal existence of the enterprise to continue for a time in order
to liquidate the enterprise's legal realtions,, The liquidation of
the enterprise's legal relations if effected by ,a special procedure.
This procedure is preoribed by the Rules Pertaining to Procedure
When Liquidating Economic Enterprises (Official Gazette of FPRY?
No. 57/5l),0 Thus, a deficiency in the legal regulaidon of this matter
has been Made up. For a long time there was a need for such a regu-
lation in-;:yhtth not only the social community is interested, but
also the reditors of the enterprise under liquidation as well as
its working collective,
The procedure on liquidation can only be applied to an economic
enterprise which the competent government organ has decided to liqui-
date. Such a decision is a prerequis'ne to the procedure of liqui-
dation. However, the procedure is not applied in all cases in which
enterprises cease to exist. The enterprise ceases to exist also when
divided among several other enterprises, when it fuses with another
enterprise, as well as when it becomes attached te.another enter-
prise, In these cases, however, considebing the consequences arising
from the liquidation there is no need for a procedure of liquidation
because by dividing the enterprise all its rights and obligations
are transferred, to the new enterprises. By fusion of the enterprise,
its rights and obligations pass to the new enterprise arising from
this fusion, By incorporation of the enterprise, its rights and
obligations are transferred to the enterprise by which it has been
incorporated.
In the procedure of liquidating an enterprise, the Rules diffe-
rentiate between ordering and executing the liquidation.
The liquidation of an enterprise is ordered by a decision of the
economic managment on the basis of the decision pertaining to its
liquidation. By this decision, the organ of economic managment in
agreement with the financial organ establishes the liquidating com-
mission and fixes the time in which the liquidation is to he- carried
out. After the liquidation has been ordered, the words "under liqui-
dation" are added to the ?name of the enterprise in order to inform -
economic organizations and other?persone entering into legal rela-
tions with such an enterprise that its liquidation has been ordered,
rThe two facts that a decision has been passed that the enter-
prise shall cease to exist and its liquidation ordered, as well as
the names of the members of the liquidating commission must be enr-
tered in the register of state economic enterprises for the purpose
of publicity. The application for registration is filed by the
commission immediately after the liquidation has been
ordered.. This registration is of legal significance because the or-
gans of the enterprise: the workers council, the managing board and
the director remain on their duties in the enterprise until they are
registered. After registration their duties cease. However, while
they are on their duties in the enterprise under liquidation,- they
must not do any new business in the name of the enterprise except
wnat is necessary to do to complete the unfinished jobs. After regis-
tratiPri alco-th9 authorizations of.representatives and authorized
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agents of the enterprise shall cease to be valid unless the liquida-
ting commission decides differently and registers their names. In
regard to the organs of the economic administration, they shall exer-
cise with respect to the enterprise under liquidatien their rights
and duties provided for by law and other legal rules in line with
the nature and limited business of such an enterprise.
The liquidation of the enterprise is carried out by the liqui-
dating commission. Wheas the purpose of the procedure of liquidation
is to liquidate the legal relations of the enterprise the task and
authorization of the liquidating commission are determined thereby.
Its task is to"ascertain the financial status of the enterprise, to
collect its claims, to pay its debts from the available means, to
liquidate its remaining obligations and to complete the current and
unfinished jobs of the enterprise." (Article 4 of the Rules). In
order to fulfill this task, the liquidating commission is authorized
to conduct the business of the enterprise, to represent it and to
sign contracts in its name which might be necessary in order to comp-
lete jobs which were unfinished before the enterprise had been
turned over to it. The liquidating commission is not authorized to
sign any other contracts.
The Rules contain provisions with respect to the structure and
methods of work of the liquidating commission and supervision over
its work. The liquidating commission cersiets of three or five mem-
bers including the chairman. It takes decisions by a majority cf votes
at a session with all members present. The liquidating commission is
represented by the chairman who signs the enterprise together with a
member of the commission. Supervision over the work of the liquida-
ting commission is exercised by the organ of the economic administra-
tion and by the financial organ. They also give instructions and
direct the work of the commission, and take decisions with respect
to the liquidation of the enterprise for which each of them is compe-
tent.
The Rules provide that immediately after the liquidation has been
ordered, the managing board of the enterprise is obliged to start
with the transfer of the enterprise tiethe liquidating commission.
This must be done within the time limit dixed by the chairman of the
liquidating commission in agreement with the financial organ. The
transfer of the enoterprise is an important act in the procedure of
liquidation because on the basis of it the status in which the liqui-
dating commission has received the enterprise is ascertained which in
turn makes it easier to find out any irregularities if any in the work
of former members of the enterprise and to define the responsibili-
ties of those members and the liquidating commission.
Immediately after the transfer of the enterprise, the liquidating
_commission is obliged to make a balance sheet of the status as shown
by the book-keeping on the day the liquidation has been ordered4the
starting liquidation balance).
The liquidating oommission is also obliged to make an estimate
of the expenses of the procedure of liquidation and submit it to the
financial organ-for approval. These expenses are to be paid from the
available means of the enterprise, and if none, by the financial organ.
Of special importance for the creditors and business connections
of the enterprise under liquidation is the provision of the Rules by
which the liquidating commission must without delay announce in the
official gazette of the peoples republic in whose territory the seat
of the enterprise is or in the Official Gazette of the FPRY if the
enterprise is under federal competency that the liquidation of the
enterprise has been ordered and the liquidating commission organized
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requesting the creditors and debtors of the enterprise to report their
their claims or debts within 30 days. Besides, the liquidation com-
mission is obliged to separately inform the bank with which the enter-
prise has a current account that liquidation of the enterprise has
been ordered and that the right of formerly authorized persons to
sign the enterprise has ceased to be valid, and also to deposit the
signatures of its members with the bank.
In regard to legal consequences of the above menioned announce-
ment, it should be stressed that the creditors of the enterprise
under liquidation do not lose the right to collect t:aeir claims from
the enterprise merely by not presenting their claims to the liquida-
ting commission within the time limit fixed, because the liquidating
commission is obliged to pay from the available means of the enter-
prise its debts rewardless whether or not the claims have been pre-
sented in due time or not at allL1 presentation of claims in due time,
however, is of legal importance because the liquidating commission
is obliged to pay primarily those claims which had been presented
within the time limit fixed by its announcement. If the enterprise
has no available means for the payment of the above mentioned claims
against the enterprise i.e. claims which the liquidating commission
has, from whatever source, found to exist, the financial organ is
obliged obliged to place at the disposal of the enterprise the neces-
sary means for the payment of these claims. This amount, however,
must not exceed the value of the basic means realized by the enter-
prise itself, not including the basic means allotted to the enter-
prise by the social community.
Means of the enterprise serving for the payment of its debts
include also the funds intended for the payment of workers1 and emplo-
yees wages. The liquidating commission,however, may pay claims from
these means only if anything remains after paying the wages of wor-
kers and employees to which they are entitled according to the exis-
ting rules.
According to the provisions of the Rules neither do those claims
of creditors become extinct which the liquidating commission had not
paid before the end of the liquidation because it did not know that
they existed. Such claims are to be paid by the financial organ
after the termination of liquidation (inasmuch as they have not
become obsolescent). For such claims however, he is responsible only
up to the amount of the surplus of the working capital of the enter-
prise paid into the budget by the liquidating commission.
It is the duty of the liquidating commission not only to pay the
debts of the enterprise but also to collect its claims. If there are
claims that cannot be collected it is the duty of the liquidating
commission to investigate in order to find out the reasons and if it
was the fault of former members of the enterprise or other persons to
request them to pay compensation of damages.
The Rules also fix the duties and authorizations of the liqui-
dating commission with respect to the working capital and basic
means of the enterprise. The working capital, if it does not consist
of money, is to be sold by the commission at market prices, while
the basic means are to be handed over to economic organizations,
establishments or organs designated by the act of liquidation or by
the decision of another authorized agency. If no provisions have
been made with respect to basic moans, the economic administration
shall decide.
After having fulgilled its task, it is the duty of the liqui-
datingieommission to make the final liquidation balance sheet and
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submit it together with its documentation to the financial organ
for approval within eight days at the latest after the termination
of liquidation In case the financial organs approves the final
liquidation balance sheet, he shall strike the firm's name off the
register of state economic enterprises, release from obligation the
liquidating commission and the last mi7+naging board and director of
the enterprise and send a rebort to the economic administration.
The legal existence of the enterprise ceases only after its
name has been struck off the register by the financial organ after
approving the final liquidation balance sheet.
The Rules stress the fact that after release from obligations
the managing board and the director are not freed from responsibility
for their incorrect work in the enterprise if found out after the
dispensation had been granted.
In regard to the means of the enterprise remaining after its
liquidation, the Minister of Finance of the FPRY shall decide.
The transitory and concluding provisions of the Rules provide
that a procedure of liquidation which :Tas been started but not
finished before the Rules became effective, ape to be carried out
according to these provisions. The_ procedure presribed by the Rules
relates to the liquidation of economic enterprises established by
government organs, but the Rules -stipulate that their provisions
Shall be applied also to the liquidation of general directions, gene-
ral managements, agencies, services and establishments under the
competency of government organs, to ?ft,e liquidation of enterprises,
directions, agencies and services of social organizations, as well
as to the liquidation of cooperatives, coprerative unions, their
enterprises, directions, agencies and services unless special rules
exist with respect to the liquidation of these organizations.
The procedure of liquidation is extensive and complicated, and
it requires expert knowledge from the persons carrying it out, especi-
ally from the financial organ with wide authorizations and important
duties in the procedure.
The Rules could not regulate all questions in connection with the
procedure of liquidation of economic enterprises and therefore, the
Minister of Finance of the FPRY is authorized to issue more detailed
rules for their execution.
(Sd.) B.RADANOVIC
NARODNA DRZAVA (People's State) Nos. 3-4, 1952
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ABOUT THE CONTENT AND FORM OF MINUTES FROM MEETINGS OF
WORKERS'S COUNCILS AND MEETINGS OF MANAGING BOARDS OF
OF ENTERPRISES . ?
This analysis was made on the basis of minutes from meetings
of werkers' councils and sessions of managing board's which the Bureau
for Organization of Managment in Economy had received from a large
number of enterprises in the course of last year.
Among the rest, this analysis shows that :in many enterprises
the minutes of workers' councils and managing boards are not up to
date by their contents nor by their forms. Therefore, such minut;es
very often do not furnish a true picture of the work of workers
councils and managing boards. On the other hand,.- the poorly prepared
minutes, especially if the resolutions are not well formulated,
render more difficult the exercise of control over execution of
resolutions of the workers' council and managing board.
The analysis shows that the shortcomings of minutes are in the
main the following:
1, Very often it cannot be seen from the minutes what resolu-
tions the workers' council or managing board had passed on problems
discussed at their meetings, because very often the minute's only .-
mention that the workers' council or the managing board has-accep-
ted a-proposal submitted by a member of the workers' council or
managing board.
2. Inasmuch as the resolutions are formulated, usually they
are .not short, clear and definite.
3. In some enterprises the minutes are too detailed, the whole
course of the meeting is described as for instance: everything that
has been said by each member of the worker's' council or managing
board, all the explanations of employees /book-keepers, engineers,
planning clerks etc/, various reports submitted by representatives
of government organs under whose management the enterprise stands
/commissioners of the people's committee/ and by directions or trade
unions; reports submitted to the workers' council by the managing
board and director of the enterprise etc. Thus, the minutes. of the
managing board of the Sisak Iron Works include the entire text of .
letters and acts read at the meeting, while in Rudnik and Varez Iron
Works the minutes are written, in the form of dialogues ie all
questions asked by members of the managing board are put down as -
well as the answers and opinions of other members.Sometines the most
insignificant statements are recorded. In other enterprises just the
opposite happens i.e. the minutes are se short and incomplete that
it is impossible to get a picture of the work at meetings as to what
problems had been discussed, what resolutions passed etc. As an
example, we quote the minutes from the meeting of the managing board
of the enterprise "Kovina" in Slovenia with only the following text:
"Agenda
Absences in 1951"
folledy signatures of the clerk and chairman of the managing
board attesting the minutes.
4. In the majority of 'enterprises it the n-ot appear from
the minutes whether the reautigIns had been pasSed unanimously' or
by the majority of votes ice:. whether there had been an isolated
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opinion, by which member of the workers' council or managing board
and why etc.
5. In some enterprises the minutes do not show the number. of
present and absent members of the Workers' council or managing
board so that ft is Impossible to determine whether a quorum had
existed i.e. whether the necessary number of 'members had been ore-
sent to make proceddings of the meetings valid. Inasmuch as the
data with respect to present and absent members of the workers'
council or managing board are entered into the minutes, the practice
varies. In the majority of enterprises the minutes of the managing
board include the names of present and absent members, while the
minutes of workers' councils usually contain only the total number
of present and absent members without mentioning their names.
6. Often the minutes are not easy to 'survey, they are not
clearly and systematically arranged because the various questions
under discussion are not separated so that one does not see clearly
where one discussion ends and the other starts.
7. Neither is the procedure Of signing the minutes uniform.
It is a habit in some enterprises not to sign the minutes at all, or
the minutes are signed only by the clerk /entarprises "Istra-Vino".,
Rijeka, "Mlinsko Preduzece", Celje/, while in other enterprises the
minutes of managing boards are signed either only by the director,
or chairman of the Managing board and clerk, or chairman of the
managing board, director and clerk /"Okrajni Magazin l Ptuj/, or
chairman of the managing board, clerk and all or a certain number
of members of the managing board /"Preduzece za Promet Zitaricama i
Stokers", Gospic--EnterPrise for Trading in Grains Lnd Livestock/ etc.
Similar is the practice when signing the minutes of workers' councils
but usually these minutes are attested by two members /"Kozar", Sara-
jevo etc/. Many enterprises put their seal at the end of the minutes
of managing boards and workers' councils.
8. Furthermore, it appearr from the minutes that usually one
of the members of the workers' council or managing board Is entrusted
with keeping the minutes who, as a rule, has no experience in this
kind of work, and that is one of the main reasons why the minutes
are poor.
9. Finally, there are also such enterprises where the meetings
of of the managing board And workers' council are not always held
on the basis of agenda fixed in advance but at the very meeting
they try to find problems to discuss. It is clear that minutes from
such meetings withoUupreparation, plan and organization are not
well written nor easy to survey.
We shall try to give some suggestions with respect to content
and form of minutes.
The first and basic condition for good minutes is a correct
choice of the clerk. The lcerk must be an educated person knowing
well the business, organization and problems of the enterprise. ?
Only such a clerk will be in a position to separate eesential from
the unessential, to judge correctly the importance of statements of
various members of the workers' council and managing board and the
questions under discussion, to formulate correctly the resolutions
passed and to describe the meeting concisely without getting bet
In unnecessary details but Including all the more important ques-
tions. How important the minutes are, especially a correct,formu-
latitn of resolutions, it is best shown by the practice in some
enterprises ./"Brodogradnja"--Shipbuilding, Belgrade/, in some
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metallurgical enterprises) in which at the very beginning of the
meeting of the workers' council a special commission is appointed
whose task is to see that the resolutions passed are correctly formu-
lated. It is the duty of this commission to prepare a written formu-
lation for each resolution passed by the workers' council. This written
formulation is read again before the workers' council and only after
it has been approved it is entered into the minutes as a resolution
of the workers' council. As a rule, the duty of the clerk should be
performed always by the same person i.e. by the same employee of the
enterprise because in this way he will soon acquire the necessary
experience and routine in keeping the minutes. The Ellerk does not need
to be a member of the workers' council or managing board as is usually
the case in many enterprises because the clerk may be a person who is
not member to the workers' council or managing board. In case the
enterprise has a legal adviser, it is desirable to entrust him with
this duty. (It is an erroneous conception that legal advisers should
not be clerks because, by the nature of their work, they are directly
subordinated to the director).
The minutes of the workers' council and managing board of the
enterprise should consist of the following: heading, agenda, course
of the meeting (discussions, resolutions etc) and attesting the mi-
nutes.
The heading includes various data to be stated before the meeting
of the workers' council or the session of the managing board begin,
These data are: the name and seat of the enterprise, the name of the
organ (workers' council or managing board), the date of the meeting
and data on: the number of present members of the workers' council or
managing board and other persons (such as for instance, representa-
tives of the state organ under whose economic management the enter-
prise stands 1 trade union organizations etc. Of special importance
are the data with respect to present members of the workers' council
or managing board, because they show whether there existed a quorum
to make proceedings of the meeting valeid. Therefore, the heading of
the minutes of the workers' council should always include the total
number of members of the workers' council as well as the number of
the members present at the meeting. Furthermore, it is also desirable
to enter the names of absent members of the vforkers1 council in order
to see who do not attend meetings regularly. In regard to members of
the managing board whose number is usually a small one (11 at the
most) it is best to enter the names of the present and absent members
because even without showing the total number of present and absent
members the qumum can be easily ascertained by counting their names.
Besides, this is necessary in order to know which members of the mana-
ging board had participated in passing various resolutions especially
if the question of responsibility of the managing board is raised.
It is useful to mention in the heading the number of meetings of the
workers' council or sessions of the managing board (for instance, the
third meeting of the workers' council or the fifth session of the
managing board), because in this way the members of the workers' council
and managing board, as well as the members of the organization under
whose economic management the enterprise stands may easily ascertain
whether meetings are held regularly. Each year, after elections for
the new workers' council or managingboard have been held, a new num-
bering of meetings should be started. The heading shoula also include
the time (hour) at which the meeting opens and ends in order to see
how long the meeting had lasted, This is needed when settling payments
to members of the workers' council or managing board. It also shpwa
whether the meetings were too long or too short. Finally, this part
of the minutes includes the chairman's statement with respect to the
existence of a quorum as well as opening of the meeting.
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After the heading the proposed order of the day is entered inc-
luding the statements of the chairman with respect to various prob-
lems to be considered and settled at the meeting, as well as the
statement that the workers' council or managing board had accepted
the proposed agenda (including any amendments or complements).
The following part of the minutes includes the progress of the
meeting of the workers' council or managing board. First are entered
short summaries of oral reports to the workers' council or management
board (report of the chairman of the workers' council or chairman
of the managing board, report of the director etc). In case written
reports are read at the meeting, it will suffice only to mention this
in the minutes and attach the written reports to the minutes. It is
wrong, as practiced in some enterprises, to enter into the minutes
various reports on general questions as for instance saving and its
significance etc. usually read, before the meeting begins, by the
representatives of the organization under whose economic management
the enterprise stands, by the reperesntatives of the economic associ-
ation, trade union organization etc.
Now the various items of the agenda are entered one after the
other, each item with a title undorlinedIfor instance: La Reading_
the Report of the Managin Board etc. In this way it is easier to sur-
vay the minutes because it is easy to ascertain when the discussion
on one item of the agenda has stexted, when ended and the next item
started, (In the majority of enterprises they do not follow this
instruction and very often it is hard to see, especially if no reso-
lutione have been passed, when the discussion on one item of the
agenda ends and the next one starts).
It appears from the practice that great difficulties are encoun-
tered in entering into the minutes the course and content of the
discussion. In some enterprises the whole course of the discussion is
presented very extensively , even in the form of dialogues, so that
the minutes have twenty or even more pages. This, however, is wrong
because it is enough if only the probkoms under discussion are men-
tioned in a few words and the proposals for the solution of these
problems (such, for instance, are the minutes of the "Stamparija
Ministrnstva Posta, Belgrade?the Printing Shop of the Ministry of
Posts, "Kovina", Slovenia etc). Accordingly, not eveything said or
suggested by each of the participants should be entered into the minu-
tes. It is wrong, however, to enter only the resolutions without men-
tioning the problems under discussion and the proposals made by mem-
bers of the workers' council or managing board, as it is practiced
in some enterprises (for instance "Zelezara"--Ironworks, Smederevo.)
It is the practice in the majority of the enterprises to enter
into the minutes the resolution ti,s4lt after the discussion of the
problem. We are of the opinion that this method is right and justified
because the proceedings of the meeting are presented in the minutes in
the order es they occur, because after discussing a problem the corres-
ponding resolution is made. In this case, however, in order to obtain
a better survey of the resolutions passed it would be useful to
separate, in some way, the resolutions drom the text of the discussion
so that at the next meeting they could be quickly found, without
reading the whole text of the minutes from the preceding meeting, in
order to verify their execution. This could be attained in several
ways: in the middle of the line, before the text of each resolution
the word "Resolution" (undeigined) could be placed, or, (as it is prac-
ticed in some enterprises) a margin is left on the left side of the
text of the resolution etc. In some enterprises, however, the resolu-
tions are placed at the end of the minutes because it is thought that
in this way, at the next meeting, it is easier to verify their execu-
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barber.
E)PqapxovizatbF,ortke1ciias20102/081113 :101W-ktii43A415104:12rA61 au_s? ? 9 *
(Sd.) R.PETKOVIC
elf
(BORBA - 30th June, 1952).
US AGRICULTURAL EXPERT, MR.JENKINS STUDIES OUR TYPES OF MAIZE
(Zajecar, 30th June)
Mr.M.T.Jenkins, the well-known.maize selector from the US and
member of the Agricultural Institute, arrived at Zajecar yesterday
on his journey through Yugoslavia with his wife. With them were .
Alois Tavcar, agricultural professor at Zagreb University and
Engineer Milorad Piper, Director of the Institute for the Propagation
of Medicinal Plants in Zemun Polja.
The American expert has travelled to Timocka Krajina in order
to inform hi-Iself concerning the types of maize in this district and
comparing it with American hybrids. He pointed out that the types of
maize in this place are more valuable than the majority of hybrids in
-the US, because new and better hybrids can be created from them.
(BORBA - 1st July, 1952).
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LIST OF GOODS TO BE E%CHANGLD '4ITH BELGUIM CONFIRMED
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In Arussels yesterday documents were signed confirming the
lists of gods to be echanged betmen Yugoslavia an Belguim frbr
the period from July 1952 to July 1953.
Confirmation of these lists takes place every year on the
basis of the existinl trade agreement between Belguim and
Yugoslavia, signed.in 1948. The goods exchanges are fixed in advance
to the extent of 1,2)0,000 Belgian francs or 7,380,000,000 dinars.
The value of our exports amounts to 650,000 Belgian francs. The
export list comprises cattle food, plums, medicinal herbs, maze,
tobacco, zinc concentrate, soft woods, pes and beans, sleepers,
and other products.
.Imports from Belguim are expected to amount to the value of
580,000 Belgian francs and will consist of the following products:
coke, rolled goods, steel, proucts of metal and electrical
inse:ustries, chemid?lsi textiles, chemical preparations,
photographic materials, and other products.
(BORBA - 2nd July 1952)
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tion without reading the whole text of the minutes. This is not wrong
although we are of the opinion that it does not represent the actual
course of the proceedings of a meeting at which usually immediately
after the discussion of the problem the corresponding resolution in
connection therewith is passed.
After each resolution it should be stated whether the resolution
had been passed unanimously or by a majority of votes. In the latter
case the essence of disagreement of individual members voting against
the resolution should be stated inna few words (this is especially
important in the minutes of managing boards).
At the end of the minutes comes the attest. The minutes of the
managing board should be attested (signed) by the chairman of the
managing board and the clerk but it won't hurt if it ts signed also by
the director who by the nature of his functions has to see to it that
the resolutions passed are executed. It is not necessary, however,
for all the members of the managing board to sign the minutes as it
is practiced by some enterprises. A similar procedure should be follo-
wed also when attesting minutes of the workers' councils with the
provision that these minutes may be siF,ned also by the chairman of the
managing board. There is no harm in using the seal of the enterprise
because the minutes are a sort of a pul,lic document.
(Sdo) :LORAN CERIC
NARODNA DRZAVA (People's State) Nos, 3-4, 1952
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SIGNIFICANCE OF THE LAW ON ADMINISTRATIVE DISPUTES FOR
STRENGTHENING OF LAW (Speech Made by Minister of Justice
Fran Frol in People's Assembly on March 31, 1952)
The draft of the Law on Administrative Disputes which is being
now discussed reflects our endeavouring to establish a legal order
in our country in which the principle Of lawfulness i.e0 the prin-
ciple of correct application of laws and the principle of respecting
and obeying laws will be the leading idea, the founC,ation of govern-
mental and social life and the basis of all judicial and administra-
tive activity.
It is a known fact that in our country the courts have always
been regarded as vary important organs whose task is to struggle
against the violators of law, to strengthen and develop the socialist
legal order which without strict tewItlabion of lawfulness cannot
exist. The very organization of people's courts is based on prin-
ciples which insure the realization of lawfulness.
In a similar manner, all our laa's especially the Law on the Or-
ganization of Courts, the Criminal 0363, the Law on Criminal Proce-
dure and the Basic Law on Trespasses offer gumantees with respect
to protection of civil rights and liberties. They make it a basic
primary duty for all government orjanc and civil servants to apply
legal regulations. The civil servant does not apply the law,
who acts against the law or circumvents the legal rules is respon-
sible and will be ptnished. The laws in our socialist legal order
are to be obeyed and not violated.
Why 18 BO much attention being paid to lawfulnwss in our country?
First of all because they are our socialist laws whose basic
purpose is to extend the rights and liberties of citizens and at the
same time to exterminate the hostile elements and their harmful
schemes. Furthermore, because the realization of principles of lawful-
ness is a necessity of our state because among the rest, lawfulness
conditions the development and conversion of the state of a transi-
tory type into a socialist state; because our laws are necessary and
In the interest of our people's masses and beaaLae in a state in
which all the power is in the hands of the working people, the exe-
cution and respect of laws is in accord with the interests and needs
of workers; because oru peoples are liquidating, by means of laws,
the backwardness in social and government activities; Therefore,
disrespect and circumvention of our laws mean an attack against our
peoples' interests and needs; because our laws make way to new forms
of political and social life, accelerate the tempo of development,
direct the development of our new society and remove any mistakes
In the line of movement; because our laws are the expression of our
people's aspirations for economic and political independence and or
socialist buildup; because violation and disrespect of laws lead to
arbitrariness which may develop into lawlessness and lawlessness is
the basis on which bureaucracy feeds, grows and thrives; because
without lawfulness real and true democracy cannot exist; because
individual freedom and citizens' rights can only be protected in a
state in which laws are being respected; because the application of
laws is a guarantee for citizens' rights and interests based on law.
while violation and disresnect of laws are a criterion for the right-
less condition of citizens.
While speaking of lawfulness, I do not only mean the application
of law by courts but also by administrative organs in the field of
administrative activities. The administration in its activity differs
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a great deal from the court. The activity of administration is much
more extensive, universal, richer and more varied than the court's
activity. The administration is the most powerful weapon in carrying
out the policy of the state. The administration is the machinery by
which the policy of the state is realized in a most succeessful,
quick and elastic manner. The courts apply laws only in concrete
cases, while the administrative activity is operative, The courts
are independent in passing judgements and not even the higher courts
can issue orders to them with respect to settling disputes. The ad-
ministrative organs are dependent and subject to instructions and
orders of higher administrative organs. In regard to independence
of courts, all the judges are elected by representative organs of
the state, while the administrative organs are appointed_ by higher
organs of the state administration, The position of judges, their
responsibility and dismissal differ from the position responsibili-
ty and dismissal of civil servants of the state administration. The
rules by which the courts proceed aro elaborated more exactly and
in detail than. the rules by which the administration proceeds.
Therefore, a court procedure- offers more guarantees with respect to
correctness of decisions than the procedure of administrative organs*
By the nature of its activity, the administration makes also use of
discretion with respect to concrete !",USE.IS. There is no such-discre-
tion in judiciary activity. The organization of the courts differs
from the organization of the administration. The character of the
court, the method of judiciary work ard the guarantees contained
within that method differ from the character, method of work and-.
guarantees with respect to. the correctness of that method of work
in all other government organs.
Inspite of all these differences, however, our courts and admi-
nistrative organs although representing, with respect to. formal orga-
nization, two separate organs, yet their base and roots arethe same,
their road is parallel, and their common source lies in the represem-
tative organs of the uniform state authority.
Therefore, in regard to Strict application of laws according
to our positive laws there exists no difference whatever between the
activity of judiciary organs and activity of administrative organs,
Our Constitution of the Federative People's Republic of Yugoslavia
says in its Article 8: "All acts of the state administration and
judiciary organs must be founded on law", From. this it appears that,
with respect to enforcing the principles of lawfulness, the adminis-
trative organs are in all respects equal to the courts.
Our Constitution does not say that, in principle, the adminis-
.tration is free in its activities or that it is permitted to do any-
thing not expressly prohibited by law, but our Constitution takes
the more correct attitude that all acts of the state administration
must be based on law and that the administration may pass an act
only if authorized by law to do so. According to our positive laws,
the administration has no authority whatever separate. or indepen-
dent from the Constitution or other laws, but all its work and its
entire activity is based on lawfyl authorization. In other words,
also the administration is only enforcing the law,
Heretofore controlling lawfulness of administrative acts was
mainly in the hands of the state administration itself, I say "mainly"
because even formerly there wore cases when courts had judged the
lawfulness of administrative acts. Such were,. for instance, adminis-
trative acts pertaining to disputes in connection with the Law on
Social Insurance, labor disputes and right to vote.
But in the majority of administrative acts the control with
respect to lawfulness of administrative acts was exercised by higher
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organs of administration either by virtue of the right of supervision
or at the initiative of the public prosecution. It is certain that
the public prosecution has in many instances given the initiative
for the removal of unlawful decisions issued by administrative organs,
and it is certain that the higher administrative creams by virtue of
the right of supervision have in mary cases restored lawfulness which
had been violated by lower administretive organs. Such unlawful admi-
nistrative aots have in the main been passed, primarily and in the
great majority of cases, by local government organs because of lack
of sufficient knowledge of positive legal rules on the part of those
who had to apply them. But it has also happened sometimes that the
higher administrative organs had made mistakes, in an endeavor to rea-
lize an economic measure or a political task in a hurry, by giving
unlawful instructions or wroag directives to lower local administra-
tive organs.
In all theee cases, however, only the administrative organs have
controlled the lawfulness of administrative acts so that, as a matter
of fact, the administration was its cea judge. This did not suffice
in practice. Neither by its organization, nor by its dependence upon
other organs, nor by its methods of week is the administration fit
to exercise this controls and it hes 7.1ao happened that the higher
administrative organ had taken decisien on lawfulness of an adminis-
trative act which it had itself orderel to be issued. Very often,
such a control could not produce the desired results. On the other
hand, however, such a control did not eneble the citizens themselves
to request the annulment of unlawful acts by which their rights and
personal interests based on law were violated.
Therefore on the one hand it was necessary to establish the
right of controlling lawfulness of administrative acts outside the
administration, and on the other, to giee the citizens themselves
the right to fight for the protection of their rights and interests
based on law. No doubt, this struggle of citizens for their own rights
and interests, for their own civil and- poltical rights and personal
freedom, which at the same time is a struggle for the realization of
lawfulness in all fields of our social-political life, will deepen
and strengthen our socialist democracy and prevent bureaucracy from
taking root in our legal order.
Finally, our endeavours to democratize our social and political
life, to build up, strengthen and consolidate our socialist democra-
cy, to enable the great masses of our people to participate in the
management of economy and government, and our entire struggle against
all forms of bureaucracy, must be reflected also in the work of the
administration because the administrative organs have also their
special task in this struggle.
When the IV Plenum of the Central Committee of the Communist
Party of Yugoslavia propoaed measures and adopted resolutions for
further strengthening tho iediciary and lawfulness, it had also to
include the problem of controlling the lawfulness of administrative
a-cts.
The Law on Administrative Disputes which has been now submitted
for approval is the realization of one of those measures which the
IV plenum saw fit to introduce in order to protect lawfulness.
The proposed law is only a continuation of various measures which
had laready been carried out in our country in order to insure social
democracy and creative participation of our citizens in the govern-
ment of our country. It is a known fact that the great YrISSOS of the
people, since the foundation of the new state, had an important
place in the government of our country. A further step in the same
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direction was the taking over the management of state economic enter-
prises by direct producers. In order to be able to perform these
important and responsible duties the citizens must feel safe, they
must have full protection of their liberty and person. These duties
may be performed only by free men aware of the fact that no one in
this country may exercise arbitrariness or unlawfulness and that they
have at their disposal efficient means to fight against unlawfulness
and arbitrariness. In addition to other remedies in our legal system,
the lawsuit against administrative acts presents a relatively new
but very important means in the hands of the citizens in their
struggle towards lawfulness and justice.
Is the proposed law in line with these postulates? Will this
law satisfy all the requirements? Will the aim be attained?
I think that the answer to these questions is positive. The fol-
lowing basic principles of the proposed law will confirm this.
l,-Lawfulness of administrative acts is subject to the judgement
of regular courts.
Why regular courts and not special administrative courts?
When considering this question it rfrzst be borne in mind that
the administrative disputes will be settled by our supreme courts.
On the other hand, settlement of these dieputes requires not only
expertness but also great political experience and understanding of
the development of our socialist buildup. No doubt, our supteme
courts possess all these qualities and, considering the degree of
development of our jurisprudence for the settlement of administra-
tive disputes, there is no need for establishing special courts.
2.- In principle, an administrative dispute may be started
against any act of administrative organs by which the citizens' rights
or their direct personal inoterest based on law has been violated*
Excepted are only the administrative acts expressly mentioned by the
law.
Thus, the proposed law is based on the system of general clause
which is more practical and more favorable for the citizens' safety
than the system of enumeration. It is true, no objective administra-
tive dispute may be started i.e. dispute against a general rule, but
in a subjective administrative dispute or when taking decision in a
concrete individual case, the court is authorized not to apply the
general rule if it finds that it is not founded on law or othor
rules based on law. An administrative dispute may be initiated also
if, at the request of the party, the government organ does not issue
an administrative act at all.
Thus, the citizens' right to set going administrative disputes
according to the proposed law is very extensive and universal.
3.- In order to insure oven a stronger control over lawfulness
of administrative acts, a complaint may be lodged against the judge-
ment of the state supreme court with the Supreme Court of the Fede-
rative People's Republic of Yugoslavia when the federal law is to
be applied to the case.
4.-The procedure in administrative disputes is such that the
government organs and citizens, as parties, are perfectly equal in
their rights and positions.
5.- Sentences passed in administrative disputes are binding
upon the administrative organ. In a given case, the supreme courts
may issue the necessary administrative act and execute it themselves.
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Such a law will, no doubt, contribute to the strengthening of
lawfulness in the field of administrative activity not only in a
repressive manner by restoring lawfulness when concrete violation of
law 00eUrS$ but even more in a preventive manner because the adminis-
trative organ, aware of the fact, that a control exists over its
work and knowing that its acts are subject to the judgement of the
court, will be careful not to deviate from law.
It appears from the above that the proposed law is a step for-
ward in the strengthening and con:lolidation of lawfulness and the
provisions of that law will croatly contribute to tho extension and
deepening of our socialist deocracy and protection of freedom, civil
and political rights of our citizens.
Therefore, I ask the House to adopt the proposed Law on Adminis-
trative Disputes as a whole and in details.
NARODNA DRZAVA (People's State Nos. 3-4, 1952
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BULGARIA UNDES THE FOREIGNER
In Bulgaria everything is planned. Simple people have nothing
to think of - postulates exist.
Recently the Central Committee of the Bulgarian Government
published in three pages of the RabotniCesko- -Delo postulates con-
cerning the development of anima7-Eahlry.-TE-it are given
detailed directives to party organisations. Amongst other things
it is said that in h.rsebreeding one should be very alert and -
consult at every momentIlthe veterinary surgeon to see how the mare
is progressing.
Postulates have been recently issued concerning the care of
children in which are established in detail tasks for creating ?
better conditions in the bringing-up of children, at the same time,
the pioneer city which was built at the time of Dithitrov serves
exclusively for military purposes and for the holding of different
espionage courses.
LE22_2urchasers of_2gE2
In Cervenkov's country there exists not a single agricultural
product which is not under compulsory purchase. Everything from
cherries end strawberries to hogs is under the compulsory purchase.
And how great is the administration for this business the following
data is quite sufficient: For the purchase of eggs there exists
7,000 purchasersb
And how many thousands are there for the rest of the products?
And is it not quite clear from this figure where disappears the
surplus of the work of the working class in Bulgaria?
And here too Cervenkov is first
The monastery at ail is a famous historical monument. In the
rich monastery treasury one can find many charters, important
vestments and different documents from the medieval times. The
ceiling of this room is painted in oils of old church dignitaries,
and the most prominent place amongst them belongs to Cervenkov's
picture, painted in the same style as all the old Holy Fathers.
The difference is only the beard - in it consists Cervenkov's only
priority.
Sofia adornments
Great busts of Stalin are set up in some of the most important
spots in Sofia. They are painted over twice a year - in winter in
black and in summer in white. This is considered as some sort of a
uniform.
One can find Stalin's busts in all institutions, particularly
in courtrooms where they have taken the former places of the Holy
Gospel.
And the pictures? Instead of enumerating theirvne could give
just a detail, in a public lavatory in the Sofia Park of Freedom
Stalin and Cervenkov's pictures are to be founa decorated with
flowers:
Russian Archbishop -_Euest of the workilm_21ass
Towards the end of May a great event ha)pened in Bulgaria: the
Holy Father Nikolai Krutecki, the Russian Archbishop, paid a visit
to Bulgaria.
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In Plovdiv, at the official meeting, he was greeted by the
Secretary of the Regional Committee of the CC and the organisation
of the Ortecestveni Front arranged a special meeting for the"high
guest of the working class of Plovdiv".
Of course a diploma of a honoris causa, dcctor of theology,
was not left out. Who knows, perhaps Father Kruticeski will return
to Bulgaria, only in a new role - as a Russian expert for the
Bulgarian Church.
This is not as vet Russian
Experts from the country of the "cider brother" behave in .
Bulgaria as stern masters. Even the artisans are not omitted. The
diplomatic tailor Parazjac, who had his shop in Molotov Street and
to whom en passant we can say it was forbidden to make clothes for
the Yugoslav diplomatic mission, felt on his back the fury of the
director of the Soviet-B1)2garian building enterprise, Discontented
with the cut of his clothes, the fat director shouted one day at
him:
- You should not cut clothes like that. You must do it in
the Russian way.
Namely, narrow shoulders, a short -jacket and broad turnups
have not as yet conquered Bulgaria.
Spontaneously, Iss_p_allm_t_liirectives
In Bulgaria the law that ev,7,,ryone must learn the Russian
language has not as yet been brought, but s?ontaneously, according
to directives, people attend courses. He who misses two or three
lessons can feel the benefits of a concentration cam?.
The knowledge of the Russian language is not only vital for
advancement in employment but for staying in it.
A few days ago, guests at t1-..e hotel "BIgaria" were able to
hear over the loudspeaker the following:
"Attention, attention, all employees must today assist at
the great celebrations on the occasion of the conclusion of our
course of the Russian language".
It means: that not only Russian is taught,but that the
teaching itself is celebrated.
A true loke
In Bulgaria a joke is circulating secretly. rhe mother asks
the son:
- What would you most like to be?
- The editor of the r/abotnicesko Delo.
- Why?
- Well nobody seems to work there.
- How is that?
- It is simple enouLh: the first page contains teIegrams!to
Stalin and promises to Cervenkov, the second - reports - postulates
and decrees, the third - attacks on Yugoslavia, Greece and Turkey,
the fourth - Tass news.
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es?RECALL OF OUR REPRESENTATIVES FROM BULGARIA?YUGOSLAV DIPLOMATS
TRITIVED IN BELGRADE LAST NIGHT
A group of Yugoslav diplomatic representatives arrived in Belgrade
last night by train from Sofia; they left Bulgaria on the decision of
the Government of the FPRY as a sign of protest against the violation
of the exterritoriality of our Embassy in Sofia and the conduct of the
Bulgarian Ministry of Foreign Affairs which was contrary to all
international rules on relations between countries. The group in-
cludes the Charge d'Affaires, Stanoje Stojkovic, Second Secretary
SteVa Sac, Military Attache Bogdan Zajsek and Attache Ljubomir
Brajevic. The members of their families. also arrived with them.
Before leaving Sofia, the Bulgarian authorities undertook a number
of measures directed at provoking new incidents. These measures began
with the usual escorting and chicanery of our representatives to
intentional collision with the cars of our Embassy. The Bulgarian
Cominformists apparently wanted to lessen the impression which resulted
in the recall of our diplomats from Sofia, in Bulgaria and in the world
by provoking new incidents andblaming our diplomats for them.
Our personnel was recalled from Sofia after the agents of the
Bulgarian State Security trespassed our Embassy and kidnapped Yugo-
slav citizen Momir Seferovic and because the Bulgarian Government .
refused to accept both protest notes which the Yugoslav Government
sent in connection with this.
The only personnel left in the Embassy in Sofia is one attache,
Raif Dizdarevic, and one clerk, a guard for the building and a
chauffeur. /e/ A. P.
(BORBA - 29th June-, 1952)
FIVE MORE BULGARIAN CITIZENS ESCAPE TO OUR COUNTRY
TNis, 2-8-EFT-7-15i7
Five more Bulgarian citizens have recently escaped into our
country. Among them were three Bulgarian soldiers, one employee and
a 68-year-o1d peasant. All of them are at the reception centre in
Nis. In talking with newsmen, they spoke about the terror which is
reigning in Cervenkov's Bulgaria.
A serious fate awaited old Krsto Toskov when the agents of the
Bulgarian State Security entered his home in August 1950, just as
they did thousands of other homes throughout Bulgaria. They ordered
him to take the most necessary things with him, and that same night
along with forty families from the Belogradchik district he was
interned. Thirty-two families were taken to Klisura in the Karloy
district. There all the people under 60 years of age were assigned
to work on building the Burgas-Sofia railroad, so stated Toskov.
Abetter fate did not await Stefan Petrov. He spent 26 months in
the army. In April of this year he was sent to work in the Borjev
mine in the Plovdiv district which is being operated by a Soviet-
Bulgarian society. There he did the hardest physical work, and when
he could no longer endure it, he fled to Yugoslavia.
Jozo Ivanov-Vlasov from the village of General Nikolajev in the
district of Plovdiv said that after completing the fifth grade of
gymnasium, he was forced to leave school because he did not have the
material means for further schooling. On the basis of a competitive
examination, he reported to a technical school for workers. However,
instead of going to school, he got a pick along with 200 other youth
and the same number of older workers and went to work digging a canal
for irrigating the land. He said he then decided to escape to Yugo-
slavia. In the meantime he had to go to the army, to a frontier unit,
from where he succeeded in escaping to our country.
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A similar fate happened to Matthew Kncev, a soldier from the
Guard Regiment, and Todor Brigov, an employee of the city commercial
enterprise of Ruse, as well as many others who live under the whip
o the hated Cervenkov and his clique.
*****
SENTENCE 'FAKED ON COMINFORM SPIES IN BUJE
Taije, 26t1i June)
The Regional Court in Buje senterecd seven people today who were
collecting classified political and economic data in the Yugoslav
Zone of the FTT on directives from the Cominform espionage centre in
Trieste and were spreading cominform propaganda.
The chief accused, Anton Jugov, was sentenced to five and a half
years of prison and the loss of his citizen rights for two years;
Gaetano Pegoraro was sentenced to four years and four months of
prison and the loss of his citizen rits for two years. The accused
Guiseppe Davanto, ,,nuon Rak end Arita Salic were deprived of liberty
for from six to twelve months; while the accused Guiseppe Solieri and
JA1do Galicci were acquitted.
The public prosecutor submitted en appeal against the acquittal
of these two as well as against the light penalty for Anton Rak.
(Tan jug)
(KBA - 29th June, 1952)
WHAT IN FACT IS THE CAUSE OF CRIMES
Ivanec, 30th June
The Party organisation in Klenovnik in the district of Ivanec held
an open Party meeting a few days ago at which causes of the increase
of crimes in that district were discussed. A few thefts end one murder
had warned the Party organization of a serious problem with which it
ought to deal.
In addition to the Party members of the locality, about 200 members
of the People's Front also aggended the meetinz. It was established
at the Party meeting that the chief cause of increase of crimes in
the district was the excessive drinking of alcoholic drinks and the
hostile work of the waiter who tells the people that allegedly it is
the "curse of God" that some of the youth are fighting among themselves.
? Those who are the cause of the increase of crimes in the district
were exposed at the meeting. They are a few youths who are not in the
local youth organization and who the local priest in Klenovnik is
educating.
The Party organization has pointed out the need of intensifying
the struggle against crimes and also of increasing ideological-
political work among the youth and enrolling the youth in the People's
Front organization.
(BORBA - 1st July, 1952)
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PREPARATIONS FOR SESSIONS OF ASSEMBLIES AND OF PEOPLES' COMMITTEES
I think that many of us, particularly those of us who are high
officials of federal and republic institutions, are to blame for the
fact that all the citizens have not been informed in time of the facts
which the public should know.
Itis a question here of the reorganization and functioning of the
agencies of state authority in our system. For examples, it happens
that personnel working in the administration of the. peoples' committees
do not allow the peoples committees to become acquainted with ordinary
matters without prior permission from the "chief" or "director." It is
not out of question that something similar has been experienced by Some
of the peoples' committees, not to mention the difficulties which
newsmen and other public workers are experiencing in this respect. How
will the peoples' deputies, newsmen and other public workers perform
their public duties if a possibility is not ?given to them to acquaint
themselves with subjects under discussion? Naturally, state secrecy
should be preserved. The idea of this article is to start a discussion
on this question.
Very often as-a "secondary" reason for lack in the work of repre-
sentative agencies, particularly peoples' committees and their councils,
the excuse is given that elaborated and technically documented material
had not been supplied to the members of the committees. In practice,
this has several times been the reason for members of the committees and
of the councils not taking serious participation in the discussions and
in rendering decisions on various problems.
According to present practice, the members of the committee are
informed in writing or orally of the time the session will be held and
of the daily agenda. In thismy, a member of the committee, who is a
worker in an enterprise, a peasant or a school teacher, comes to the .
meeting knowing in advance?only that the agenda contains, for example,
.a discussion of the budget, the question of social.aid, assessment of
tax, etc. As a general rule, only the members of the executive board
are acquainted_ with the material on the agenda because they had read
reports, drafts and other proposals and data.
There have been frequent cases whore only individual commissioners
were informed of the questions on the agenda, and this only because the
relevent questions concerned their particular department. If the
commissioner does.not have the necessary professional qualifications, as
is often the case, then the dossier is known only tothe personnel of his
office who had worked on'it; however, this professional preparation of
the material has often boiled down to simply copying various circulars,
instructions and orders of the state or federal agencies, and in some
cases also copying of minutes from some conference. There are cases
where peoples' committees have voted through their budgets as they were
submitted to. them by the state ministry of finance without changing even
one small detail in it.
Members of committees have been able to acquaint themselves with the
subjects on the daily agenda no sooner than the opening of the session
itself--when reports were read by secretaries or presidents. When one
takes into consideration the fact that these reports have been onesided,
always calculated to justify the work of the members of the executive
boards and the work of their officials, then it is understandable why
members of committees have not been A)le to seriously prepare themselves
for the discussion. In fact, they have not had enough time even to think
about the subject, and still less time to collect and to tut in order the
material as documents supporting their criticism, opinion or proposal.
Therefore, it has happened that at the meetings of peoples' committees
the commissioners have had the mainsay, and sometimes the commissioners
have criticized the members of the committee and the people more than
they themselves were criticized by the people. And so sessions have
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This problem crops up also in the Peoples assemblies, although in
a much milder form. The peoples' deputies in the assemblies almost
regularly get printed proposals and drafts of laws,. plans and budgets
in advance. However, because of the complexity of the problems, these
projects are not sufficient to give to every people's deputy the necessary
material and information which he could use as documentation in support
of his criticism.
It would really be absurd to seek of all the peoples' deputies and
of the members of committees detailed knowledge, professional and
theoretical, concernin9; economy, law, science and other scientific
facts necessary for the drafting of some law, resolution, plan or budget.
However, in order that the peoples' deputies in the assemblies could
really participate in the discussion, so that they could inform their
electors and obtain their opinions before the decision is rendered,
it is necessary for them to get in advance not only the project but
also the expertly prepared material, explanations and documents on the
project in question. This, in my opinien, is the minimum technical and
professional aid without which tha majority of peoples' deputies in the
assemblies and members of peoples' committees cannot seriously prepare
themselves for the discussion.
Experiences gained from discussions carried on in the past in
various committees of peoples' assemblies prove this. Committee dis-
cussions are much broader, much more liely and more all-round than in
the plenary meetings of the assemblies. One of the reasons for this is
that as a rule committees are composed of selected deputies who have
more general and professional knowledge; another reason is that for one
reason or another it has been possible for them to become acquainted
with the material, documents and also with some of the theoretical
questions concerning the subject in the solving of which they participate.
In the.new organization of popular authority, this question has not
been solved, but, in my opinion, has become even more acute. In order
that the peoples' committees and the peoples' assemblies should be
working bodies, representations of working collectives and of social
communities, it is indispensable for the members of the peoples' commit-
tees and for deputies in the assemblies to get not onlY drafts and
projects but also professionally prepared material, documentation as
well as explanations of these drafts and projects. It is true that
even in this case, every member of peoples' committees or deputy in
the peoples' assemblies will not be able to go into all the details
of these reports and documents; but these should be placed at their
disposal and they should then decide what to study in detail.
From this one can see that the giving of documentation to members
of peoples' committees and deputies in the peoples' assemblies before
the meetings are held is not only an administrative-technical question
but is also an importent question of principle of organization and
functicning of the agencies of popular authority. Therefore, this
principle should be acs.opted in the new Constitution.
. Daily agenda of peoples' assem'llies and of peoples' committees
should be composed of only those items which have previously been
studied by the deputies or members. Only in exceptional cases should
there figure on the agenda questions which have not been-previously
studied. In the case of many of our peoples' committees, this could
not be immediately practiced, but in their case too this could be
put as a task which sooner or later must be carried out.
/s/ Gojko Polovina
(BORBA - 1st July, 1952)
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STATEMENT GIVEN BY ADMIRAL LO D MOUNTBATTEN TO A YUGOPRESS CORRESPONDENT
The Commander of the British Mediterranean Fleet, Admiral Lord
Mountbatten, has given a statement to a Yugopress correspondent on
his recent visit to Yugoslavia.
"Ever since I took over the command of the British Mediterranean
Fleet on 15th May of this year, I have naturally wished to use the
first opportunity to visit representatives of all the friendly
countries bordering on the Mediterranean and to establish personal
contact. I wish to emphasise that these vista are the usual courtesy
visits and that I have not had any special mission.
"All of us in Great Britain have heard a great deal about the
brave struggle fought by your people against the enemy under the
excellent leadership of Marshal Tito. For this reason it has been
a great honour for all of us to get personally acquainted with him
at Brioni."
.Admiral Lord Mountbatten also expressed his satisfaction over
the fact that an opportunity had been given to him to get acquainted
with the other distinguished Yugoslav leaders, and he said:
"I should like to express my deep gratitude for the extraordin-
arily friendly reception given to my officers and men on the occasion
of our visit to Rijeka. We are very thankful for the hospitality
which was so kindly extended to us. .
"We all know the terrible devastations which your towns and
villages suffered during the war. I should like to say how deeply I
have been impressed by the spirit in which the Yugoslav peoples
have taken in hand the job of reconstruction of their country. I was
very interested to know the plans for the full utilisation of the -
natural resources of your country and for the raising of the standard
of living of the people.
"I hope- that our visit will contribute towards the. strengthening
of the relations between Yugoslavia and the Western Countries,"
concluded Admiral Lord Mountbatten.
(BORBA - 2nd July, 1952)
THE VILLAGE OF KUMROVEC AND THE AMERICAN CITY OF CHESTER EXCHANGE
GIFTS (New York, June)
The end of the school year in American city of Chester in New
Jersey on 12th June was marked by an exchange of gifts and letters
between that city and the village of Kumrovec in Croatia.
In the presence of four hundred parents of school children,
Miodrag Markovic, the Yugoslav Consul General in Now York, presented
thirty bound and illustrated books containing Croatian folklore. The
books arrived by boat just before the opening of the ceremonies.
Consul General Markovic gave also to the children seventy-five letters
written by the children of Kumrovee.
"This is the best way of maintaining international connections,"
said the Yugoslav Consul General in handing over the books and letters.
"Friendships like this one, estcblished by the school children of our
two countries, are the best way known to me of maintaining peace and
creating rapprochement."
(BORBA - 2nd July, 1952)
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BULGARIAN TROOPS CAMPING IN THE VICINITY OF THE YUGOSLAV BORDER
Yugopress learns that units of the Bulgarian Army are camping in
tents mainly in the area along the Yugoslav border. The so-called
"working units" are building objects, field fortifications and
digging trenches. At some places, these units are digging in tanks
as stationary firing emplacements. Such units are located along the
road Kriva.Palanka-Custendil, along the railway line Pirot-Sofia and
in the vicinity of the places of Dragoman, Lovec, Sevlijevo, etc,
Infantry and motorised units of the troops which are camping along
the Yugoslav frontier are carrying out practical exercises under full
combat equipment.
In the opinion of many observers, the presence of these troops
in the mentioned areas has th object of aggressive preparations and
exerting of pressure on the local population in connection with the
forthcoming compulsory delivery of agricultural products to the state.
In connection with this, the presence of a large number of troops
in the region of Vidin-Belogracik-Kula, where the population put up a
resistance last year against the compulsory delivery of products and
where the Bulgarian powerholders were compelled to make numerous
arrests of peasants and to purge the Party organizations, is particu-
larly characteristic.
(rr7DA - 2nd July, 1952)
NINE FOREIGN COUNTRIES WILL EXHIBIT THEIR PRODUCTS AT THIS YEAR'S
ZAGREB FAIR
In less than three months from now, the 13th September, the
Sixth International Fair will be opened in Zagreb. According to
requests made for space, the followl nine countries will participate:
West Germany, France, Italy, United States of America, Great Britain,
Austria, Belgium, Switzerland and Holland. Producers from the Free
Territory of Trieste will also exhibit their products. Participation
by foreign countries will twice as big-as-ever before.
Switzerland will exhibit mainly various precision machines and
instruments, optical instruments, machines for testing materials,
electrical appliances and materials, precision scales and other
articles of the precision industry. West Germany will exhibit, among
other articles, various products of heavy industry, lathes, special
presses, electrical aggregates, various kinds of pumps, diesel motors,
cranes, tractors, etc. British firms will exhibit various chemical
products, plastic-material products, agricultural implements, electrical
material, automobiles, etc. France and Austria will exhibit heavy
industry products. Italian firms will exhibit mainly textile articles,
compressors, machinery, electrical equipment, autocars, etc. Ford,
General Motors and other companies from the USA will exhibit various
types of automobiles.
Local exhibitors, our import and export enterprises, will occupy
6,000 sqUare metres of space for exhibiting their products. The
machine-building industry will be mostly represented and will be
followed by lumber, food, chemical, metallurgical, textile, mining
and other industries.
It is expected that this year more business will be done at the
Zagreb Fair than evertEfore.because funds for purchases have been
secured. It is expected that at the beginning of August the first
consignments of goods for the exhibition will be delivered. The space
will be thoroughly reorganized and reconstructed by the end of July
at the latest. Some of the work has already been started on putting
the fairground into shape.
(BORBA - 2nd July, 1952)
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IMPORTANCE OF DISCIPLINE AND SOLID/1RITY IN SOC IALIEi
The well-known scientist and Marxist theoretician of the pre-war sec-
ii democracy Dr, Anton Panekuk wrote an article on tbls
subject. This is a free translation of his article, in ,,:).'der
to make it popular to the reader who is concernad with the
subject of-withering away of the state, i.e, the state authority
and compulsory measures in the socialist society.
The organisation of social work as well as the entire social
life in a socialist society implies a.tnarnc?ant, of legal
i
compulsion: 9 subordination of the will of individuals and o the
minority to the will of the majority, to the society as a whole.
But in what way does that future society acquire authority to
perform and carry out its will and its decision over all men?
A whole series of compulsory means asof menres- are at the
disposal of state power under capitalism and its rui.e.
Therefore, only by compulsory physical means which the minority
has at its disposal can this minority succeed to stabilize and
carry out its authority and its ItrLll over the overwhelming majority
of wide people's masses. HowevEr, for the role of people's
masses alone, for social society, that compulsion is absolutely
needless simply because that rule - the rule of the
people itself - relies only upon moral compulsory means.
The system of rule introduced by the working class
after the full class victory can be rightly denoted as a completely
consistently carried out democracj. And that means that this
system will be carried out by full equality of all members of
the community, of the eociety, by full expression of the will of
the majority, that is the people's entirety, in legal decisions,
provisions and regulations.
. But what does that specifically denote? It denotes voluntary
subjugation, subjection of individuals to the community, to the
society as a whole. Discipline is the essential proletarian
virtue. It:hes always been the property of the working class-
minded and fighting masses in their class action and struggles
against capitalist class rule..
The working class cannot completely overpower capitalism
and its class -rule until that virtue comes into full
expression. And that menns: until it becomes a 7,11)::rt of complete
subjection of individuals and their personal Pe7kfiCa.intere3ts9
ends and needs - to general interests, ends and needs. The
workers are bringing with them into the socialist society this
most important virtue of theirs - discipline. And there, in that
society this virtue becomes in the true sense of the word a
moral power. Here it becomes the basis of the whole socialist
order and thus dusciplire is a pillar of socialist society.
That is why the democracy of the socialist society does not
need at all some other kinds of compulsory means.
Discipline is always the expression of restraint of an
Impulse both in personal and in social life. And that impulse
which must be overpowered fs egotism, that is selfishness, self-
indulgence. It develops from the very economic a)nditions of
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production on the ground of private ownership: and from the
competitive struggle in life where the rule is homo homini lupus.
The prestige and progress of socialist society over capitalism,
over bourgeois social rule consists just in restraining and
suppressing egotism. And this can be achieved by another force
- by discipline or wise social convincing, that is which became
a habit of men through conscious ceeperience: that taking care and
defending common social interest is at the same time the best
safeguard of special, personal eital_interests of each individual
as a member of a society as a whole.
However, the now. socialist system earries and developesley
itself completely different characteristics and features waich will
fully cover and overpower that selfich feeling. What are those
characteristics and properties of the future socialist society?
Common work for cont:Ion social aim, a community of personal,
individual interests with the general interest of the entirety will
develop those social featue'es and eearacteristics. This will
inevitably and strongly carry and develop in individuals deep
feelings of brotherhood, as well as feelings of solidarity and
community. And as under the caeitalism, under the rule of private
ownership, the so-called congenital egotism irresistibly by the
social and economic necessity is by itself the main and most
essential characteristic of lien., no discipline and solidarity in
the socialist society will become the most essential feature and
property of men.
And that spirit and that feeling of men for their community
will be continuo ly strenethened and deepened by the already
awakened and deve Ped discipline and solidarity of the workers'
movement. And so his will only there, in a eocialist system
be developed and ow its superiority over all other features and
properties of a h an being and its acting.
Men will
members of the cc
well being, welfa
the society, will
All this
deeper, more dire
this feeling of s
impulse - impul
stabilization a
comes out with a
and conditions o
longer feel primarily as individuals but as
unity, of the society as a whole. General
progress and freedom of the community, of
aster their thoughts, feelings and strivings.
I now in a socialist society be founded on a
t and stronger feeling of sympathy. Exactly on
athy which instead of subjecting an inherited
egotism in men requires by itself the
eepening of the impulse of solidarity, which
rresistible force from the very living relations
a new socialist system.
(REFUBLIKA - 1st July 1952
OUR FOREIGN TRAI. AND THE NEW ECONOMIC SYSTEM
Since t pssine of the sienificant decision on handing
means of produc itli to the administration of direct producers,
a series of metsur s have been undertaken by which the structure
of our economit s stem hes been changed bcth substantially and
formally. And th , latest decisions of the Federal Government, aboUt w
our daily press ha's written and which will soon be officially-publisher
and will come into force, have for their purpose, on one hand, to
to make the ehtetbrise completely independent, and .on:etheother
to create conditions for free internal markets. Releived from
every order of their administrative-operative managements and
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whatever interference from above, our economic enterprises are
gaining full independence. They will,undisturbed by administrative.
measures; decide alone, under their full responsibility and on their
own risk, about their business. Directorates and main offices ,
are being abolished which up till now managed our economic enter-
proses; economic ministries, republican and federal will be united
into a single economic body: state secretariat for national economy
but without any operative tasks and jurisdiction.' The state hands
over to the workers' collectives not in ownership, but for economic
administration.:Oasic-means of their enterprises, and the'liational
,
Bank by means of credits, regular, terminal and seasonal'hands-necessary
regources. On the workers' councils and managing boards of the
enterprises lies the duty to transact business by sound husbandry
and profitable utilization of these resources and to realise incomes
from which they will pay out wages and salaries (wage fund) and by
the social plan determined contribution to accumulation and funds.
Within the social Plan, enterprises will alone prepare their own
plans; elaborate alone programmes of production; decide alone
and take care about the procurement and sale; conduct alone the '
policy of prices and calculations; export and import alone; settle
alone their relations with the National Bank. Conditions- for transfer
to the free internal markets are created by other measures. To this
effect allocations and distribution of essential key raw material
and important semi-finished products are allocated; so-called
economic prices under 'which the accounts were made to the present
between buyers and sellers are put out of force; the Fund for
Unification of Prices under-.the Ministry of Finance is abolished;
completely free contracting between enterprises is being introduced.
These significant and far reaching measures of our economic
system could not and cannot be without effect on. our foreign trade
business. By abolishing the Ministry of Foreign Trade, at the
close of last year, and transferring a part of its jurisdiction.
to republican bodies for condicting foreign trade the existing
stiff monopolism and centralism in the regime of our foreign trade
has been to a great extent modified. The former Ministry of Foreign
Trade beside the control over the foreign trade business, directiy.
our export and import. On the basis of plans, received from the
Federal Planning Commission it used 4o work out foreign exchange
plans, determining what will be exported and where, a what will be
imported and from which country. By trade agreements with
individual countries, the former Ministry of Foreign Trade secured
through lists of good corresponding consignments for placing our
and for purchasing foreign goods. And through its commercial
enterprises which had monepely positions executed import and export
plans. In the same. way as each producing enterprise had its planned
assignments in regard. of securing export consignments, the exporting
.enterprises received their planned tasks for, placing these goods at
foreign markets. Foreign trade enterprises were paid cash for their
mediation services in the form of margins, regardless how the business'
was executed; they paid and sold the goods in the country at fixed
prices;, the difference between the purchasing and selling prices were
settled with the Fund for the Unification of Prices under the Ministry
of Foreign Trade; their -losses' were covered by the budget. Realised
foreign exchange was paid in at the official foreign exchange rate
into the Central Foreign Exchange Fund, which was also administered
by the Ministry of Foreign Trade. From that fund foreign exchange was
allocated to import enterprises far procuring goods abroad. For
concluding business.abroad_they needed verbal or written approval of
the former Ministry of Foreign Trade which also issued export and import
permits, as well as permits for payment2and approval that the National
Bank can issue a letter of credit for transacting business. As it
can be seen from the above mentioned the former Ministry-of Foreign
Trade controlled all businesses in connection with export and:import.
(REPUBLIKA - 1st July, 1952)
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FTT: SLOVENES OUTSIDE YUGOSLAVIA STILL FORCED TO FIGHT FOR THEIR BASIC
RIGHTS, SAYS "PR1MORSKI DNEVNIK
The Trieste newspapers which otherwise are not published
on Monday, devoted front pages in their today's issues to the
message of Marshal Tito at the fesival at Ajdovscina. Primorski
Dnevnik publishes the message in full and emphasizes that fervent
manifestations to Marshal Tito and Yugoslavia took place at
Ajdovscina.
"The Slovenes from the Yugoslav Littoral writes the newspaper,
are building today their happy future, while Slovenes outside the
boundaries of the FPRY are still forced to devote all their energy
to the strurele for the most basic human rights".
Corriere di Trieste commenting the message of Marshal Tito
emphasizes that the Prime Minister of the Yugoslav Government
reiterated the desire of the Yugoslav people to live in peace
with their neighbours. The manifeee,ations at Ajdovscina mean a
new offer to Italy for a close co-oration with Yugoslavia -
states Corriere di Trieste and releieels that Marshal Tito offered
such co-operaticn already several times. The newspaper points
that the responsibility for rejecting such a co-operation does
not lie on Yugcslavia.
New municipal council at Nabrezina heir.). its first me,ting,
The first meeting of the newly'elected municipal council of
Nabrezina-Devin was held at Nabrezina last night. The meeting had to
elect the president of the municipal council, but of the three
proposed candidates - of the Liberation Front, of the Slovene
National List and Vidali Cominforeists no one received the
necessary absolute majority, so the election of the president had
to be postponed for eight days. At the next meeting the election
will be carried only between candidates of the Liberation Front
and the Slovene National List, as the candidate of the Vidali
Party who received the smallest number of votes has no right to
appear as a cendidate.
H.M.S. Glasgow in Trieste
Commander of the British Mediterranean fleet Earl Mountbatten
whe arrived in Trieste two days age, yesterday called on the commander
of the Anglo-American zone of the FTT General Winterton. On board
of the flag-ship H.M.S. Clasgow Earl Mcuntbatten received yesterday
the commander of the American troops in Trieste General Bradford, the
President of the regional council Palutan and the mayor Bartoli.
(BORBA - 2nd July, 1952)
THE POSITION OF THE SLOVENE MINORITY IN ITALY: THE ITALIAN AUTHORITIES
ARE SfiRANGIING THE ECONOMIC AND CULTURAL DEVELOPMENT OF SLOVENES
IN UURILIA
During the discussion concerning the budget of the Gorizia
municipality for the past fiscal year, the Slovene representative
Rudi Baratuz exposed data of the discriminatory economic policy
of Italian authorities towards the Slovenes. He stated that for the
needs of Slovene villages unproportionally small resources were
allocated, and that is why the Slovene villages up to the present
moment are left without basic needs, as for example without water and
electric light.
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Referring to statements of some Italian members of the
municipal council, who demanded that columns in future budgets
for maintaining the small number of Slovene schools in the Gorizia
region should be deleted, the member of the municipal council
Pavlin stressed that the Slovenes contribute to the financing of
public institutions in the same extent as the other population,
and that therefore they rightly demand that out of these resources
one part should he set apart for the maintenance of Slovene elementary
schools.
Pavlin emphasized that the means provided in the budget
of the municipal council for Slovene schools are insufficient
and that owing tn this these schools are in a very bad condition,
and that they lack the most essential equipment. The position of
61ovene schools 7.n. the Gorizia region is still undetermined and
the Slovene teachers are not guaranteed permanent employment.
Pavlin underlined that the authorities belittle Slovene
institutions and re-peated the claiM of the Slovenes of the Gorizia
region to cease with discrimination towards the Slovene institutions
and the Slovene village and to solve most essential cultural ?
and social problems of Slovenes in Italy,
New changes expected in the Italian General-Staff
In the presence of the Commander of the Southern Sector
of the Atlantic Pact General Carney, General Castiglioni turned
over his duty as commander of land forces to General Fratini,
recently appointed by the Italian Government as his successor.
Concerning these changes, rumour is spreading that the
dismissal of Castiglioni resulted owing to disagreement between
members of the Atlantic Pact in the Southern Command and the
decision of the Supreme Commander of the North-Atlantic Pact
forces to renew the commanding cadre.
In well informed circles it is also alleged that it will soon
come to the dismissal of Some high ranking Italian officers and
to changes in the composition of the Italian General Staff.
The dismissal in the Southern Command of the Atlantic Pact
is being connected with the recent visit of General Ridgway to
Italy. The reorganisaticn of the forces of the Atlantic Pact in
the Southern Sector are also anticipated.
(BORBA - 2nd July,. 1952)
CELEBRATION OF THE EIGHTS ANNIVERSARY OF THE ITALIAN UNION OF ISTRIA
AND RIJEKA
Final preparations are being made for the election of the
Italian national minority which will be held at Rovinj. On Sunday
the 6th of July several thousand Italians will gather here to
celebrate the eighth anniversary of the foundation'of the Italian
Union for Istria and Rijeka. From all parts of Istria, where the
Italians live, excursions will be organised by trainsm busses and
boats. A great number of representatives of the Italian national
minority will come from Rijeka, Vodnjan, Pula, Bala, Porec, Rasa
and from small towns of the FTT and probably from Trieste.
(BORBA - 2nd July, 1952)
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7')
END OF SIXTH SESST6N AT GALAZ
( Galatz, July 1 )1
The majority in the )anubian Commission passed today a resolution
by which examination of the Yugoslav Draft on the Rules of Procedure
was postponed " for one of the next sessions ". This draft will have
to be studied previously by a special commission, which the shsirman
of the Danubian Commission will call in between this and the next
session. The Yugoslav delegate voted against this resolution, As
today's meeting passed the temporary agenda for the seventh session
so the sixth session of the Danubian Commission was concluded.
Immediately at the beginning of today's meeting, the Hungarian
representative Sik declared that he has changed his former resolution
in as much as he proposes that the snecial commission for examinig the
Yugoslav proposal should meet between the sixth and seventh session,
In the first text of the resolution the date for calling a meeting of
the special commission was not forseen, which the Yugoslav delegation
critisized. It critisized size because the resolution did not fix the
date of the session where this problem should be discussed.
Reffering to the new lersion of the Hungarian resolution the
head of the Yugoslav delegation Peregee Djuric said : " If it is the
duty of the Chairman to call a meos-len of the special commission
between the sixdsand seventh sessien that still does not mean that
the recommendations of this commission in regard to the Yugoslav
Draft of Rules of Procedure will be discussed at the seventh meeting.
Although we are against the decision ehat the question of the revision
of the Rules of Procedure should be token off the agenda of this
session'we are not indifferent to the fact if our project will be
discussed at the next or at one of the following sessions ".
After Dragoje Djuric , the delegates of the majority spoke,
explaining that the Hungarian resolution " does not exclude the
possibility " that the Yugoslav Drat. of Rules of Procedure will not
be discussed already at the 11,?xt session. The head of the Yugoslav
delegation replied by underlining tnat because of the present experien-
ce the delegation cannot have confidence in empty statements of the
representatves of the majority. This is the reason why the Yugoslav -
delegation voted against the final text of the Hungarian resolution.
After that, thequestion of the temporary agenda of the seventh
session of the Danubian Commission was approached, According to the
Secretariat's proposal the temporary agenda will consist of : the
report of the secretariat concerning the Commission's activities
from 1949 to 1952 and plan of Commisssion's work for 1953 report
on the budget for this year, the draft of the budget for next year,
examination of te project conceIning the establishment of a uniform
system of marking the navigation routes on the Danube, the election
of the chairman, vice-chairman and secretary of the eanubian Commission
for the forthcoming three years' period.
The Yugoslav delegation demanded that the Yugoslav Draft on
Rules of Procedure should be put on the temporary agenda of the next
session of the Danubian Commission,but the majority refuted this
proposal taking shelter under the excuse that the special commission
" will not have perhaps time " to " examine " the Yugoslav draft.
As the majority refuted the Yugoslav amendment, the Yugoslav'
delegation voted against the propozed temporary agenda in general.
Speaking about the attitude of the majority in regard to the
proposed agenda, the Yugoslav representative amongst other things
said : " At the next session we shall have new elections, The majority
wishes to exploit the possibility and to have elections once more
according to the present Rules of Procedure in order that Yugoslavia
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might be still kept in a subjugated position in the uanubian Commission,
Yugoslavia will never agree .to this. The Danubian Commission is
not only an affair of riparian countries. It is an international
organisation in which the world public is interested. The Yugoslav
delezation insists on the setting-up of equality and introduction of
democratic principles in the Danubian Commission.
After that the seventh meeting was concluded, Thus the sixth
session of the Danubian Commission erdad, It is believed that the next
session will begin work on 15th December of this year.
? The Yugoslav delegation is leaving Galaz for Bucharest tomorrow
morning, from where it will continue to Belgrade.
. (BOTTA - 2nd July, 1952).
MANOEUVRE AT GALAZ
The present course of the sixth session of the Danubian
Commission at Galaz has shown that the majority, which with its voting
machinery secures for the USSR a dominant position in the commission is
not ready to bring to an end the present abnormal state of affairs on
the Danube. The USSR has succeeded in creating also from this inter-
national organisation an instrument which enables it to carry out its
imperialist objective directed against the interests of .all riparian
countries,
The basic principles of the Danubian Conventiono passed four
years ago at the session in Belgrade, hove been trodden upon by the
present sessions of the Danubian Commissions in Galaz. Of the
sovereign rights of riparian countries and respect of their equality
in the activities of the Danubian Commission nothing has been left.
In order to revive the principles of the Danubian Convention and
in order to secure for riparian countries a real co-operation on the
basis of equality, the Yugoslav deloEstion proposed at the ?last session
in Galaz a revision of the prosenspresented a draft of the new
rules of procedure of the Danubian Commission, According to this
proposal, all elements which secure for the USSR a privileged position
on the Danube would be eliminated, and which depriVed the riparian
countries from any influence whatsoever in the activities of the
Danubian Commission. The last 3 years of unlawfullness for riparian
countries on the Danube and arbitrariness of the Secretary of the
Commission - the USSR delegate - has shown that the present situation
in the commission is in full contradiction to the basic principles of
the Danubian Convention,
The Yugoslav proposals for the creation of an Executive
Committee of the Commission, consisting of reprnsnntatives of all
its members which would manage affairs in between two meetings of the
Commission, would be an important contribution to democratisetion of
work in theDanubian Commission and the securing of rights of all
member nations. According to this proposal the affairs of the
Secretariat of the Commission would be directed not by the Secretary
at his own discretion and by instructions of his government, but a
director responsible to the members of the Danubian Commission.
Yugoslavia, which at present was fully alienated from affairs
itgarding navigation on the Danube, although through her country flows
the most important part of the navigation route of this river,pmemted
her proposal wishing that the essence of the present work and
organisation of the Danubian Commission should be changed. Instead of
such a constructive solution, the USSR and its voting machine within
the commissibn, unwilling to discuss concerning the basic problems of
managing navigation on the Danube, offered to Yunoslavia some
positions in the Commission of which she was at present illegally
and forcibly deprived. This transparent manoeuvre has the object to
divert the attention from the essence of the problem which is now on
the agenda of the session in Galaz,
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These proposals concerning the appointment of Yugoslav repre-
sentatives in the Commission means nothing less in the present
moment but an attempt to decrease and dull the importance of the
Yugoslav proposal on the rules of procedure. At the moment, when
Yugoslavia, on the basis of present experience in the work of the
Danubian Commission, proved the futility of such a state of
affairs in the commission and proposed on account of that a new
organisation and new methods of work of the'Commission, the USSR
and its majority had recourse to this transparent manoeuvre wislle
ing to present things as if they could be solved by some formal
chanEes in the composition of the commission, keeping in fact to
the present practice and spirit.
This has been confirmed also by the proposal of the Hungarian
delegation, according to which the Yugoslav draft of the Rules of
Procedure should be "entrusted to a special commission and be
examined at one of the next sessions", This proposal speaks
clearly about the fact that the USSR does not wish to solve vital
and basic questions,in the work of the Danubian Commission, but
strives to keep for itself as .long as possible ea privileged
position of an imperialist power on the Danube,which wishes to
diSeuss Denubian probleEs only on that basis which complies
with its hegemonistic projects.
The acceptance of the Hungari-n proposal.which the majority in
the Commission favours, will the continuation of the abnormal
situation on the Danube, and .tee ieroposal that Yugoslavia should
be given some position, from which she was formerly excluded in a
forcible manner, remain a transparent manoeuvre of imperialist
hegemony on the Danube which Oe came time refutes every attempt
of-revival of the Danubian Convention and respect of equality and
equal sovereign rights of riparian countries.
ORBA - 2nd July, 1952).
INFILTRATED ALBANIAN SPY ANT-) WAP. r,RTMINAL MALICI SERIF SURRENDERS
TO OUR AUTHORITIES
(Pristina, 1st July)
The Albanlan spy Serif Malici Serif zurreneeared to or
frontier authorities some days ego. He was infiltrated into our
country from Albania with the task of assembling information on the
economic situation, the disposition cf our military units and
particularly on the "number of Amrican troops in this district".
The plan was for this spy to return after a month with all this
information.
The spy Serif Malici Serif lived like an emigrant in Albania.
During the war he committed many crimes in our country in the
district of Gnjilan. For a long time he was a deserter and when
he was arrested our authorities cendemned him to death. However,
he was successful in escapine from prison and fleeing to Albania,
where he became an Albanian spy.
(BORBA - 2nd July, 1952).
ISRAELI MINISTER VISITS BOGDLN CRNOBRNJA
The Envoy Extraordinary and Dqinister Plenipotentiary of Israel
in Belgrade, Mr.Eara "Yoran, yesterday paid a visit to the
Assistant Minister of Foreign Affairs, Bogdan Crnobrnja and had a
long talk with him. (Tanjug)
(BORBA - 2nd July, 1952).
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FREQUENT SABOTAGE ACTIVITIES IN HUNGARY ?
SEVERAL FACTORIES DESTROYED AND DAMAGED-BY-FIRE
- Of late there have been a conSiderable number of technical break-
downs in Hungarian industrial enterprises. In certain cases work has
been completely stopped.- Most of these damages in economy have been
caused by fire. This is particularly the case of the industrial
enterprises in Budapest which rank among the most modern in Hungary,
and the number of fires breaking out in them has increased lately.
The AFORT Oil Refinery on the islet of Cepel in the Danube was
the first to be burned down by--fire. The fire broke out on 6th April
in the afternoon and lasted until noon of the following day. During
the fire large oil reservoirs exploded. After this happened; rumours
circulated on the islet of Cenel that this was a case Of sabotage and
that some of the managers of the,refinery had been jailed,
Fire broke out in Ujpest in the afternoon of 13th April in the
leather factory which is in the same block as the hemp and jute
factory "Kaider-Juta". The fire. could not be extinguished, so both
factories were completely destroyed together with all the installa-
tions, raw materials and readymade articles; all that ? ? remains
4rebare walls. As soon as the fire broke out, the President of the
Hungarian Government, Rakosi, accompanied by the Hungarian Defence
Minister and about 150 security agents arrived on the spot. Local
inhabitants who happened to be thee say that Rakosi on that occasion
said that the fire was a real act of sabotage. There was so much
military- material (footwear and other equipment) stored in the factory
that in the opinion of the local inhabitants it would have been
sufficient to meet one year's requirements of the Hungarian Army.
Three fires broke out on 14th April: in furniture factory, in
agricultural implements factory and in tar factory. The first factory
is the largest of its kind in Budapest and has been completely burned;
while serious damage was done in the agricultural implements factory.
After these fires, the police carried out numerous arrests and searches.
Hungarian papers published nothing about these fires which were
the result of sabotage and resistance by Hungariah workers who are
discontented with the present situation in Hungary. Hungarian police
and the Security Service have undertaken precautionary measures so
that all these cases of sabotage should remain unknown to the public
as long as possible. /s/ B
(rOLITIKA - 30th June, 1952)
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THIS IS AN ENCLOSURE 71
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JOINT TRANSLATION SERVICE
SUMMARY OF THE YUGOSLAV PRESS ?
This Bulletin contains translations from Yugoslav newspapers and periodicals. It is intended for the use of
the participating missions and not for general distribution. Accuracy of the translations is not guaranteed.
STATI NTL
No.653 INDEX 3rd July, 1952.
P.1. Headlines of Borba of the 3rd July .
P.2. Headlines of Politika of the 3rd July
FROM BORBA OF THE 29TH JUNE
*
P.6. For the sake of their own security (Article)
P.8. Prayers Cor the Fascists (Article)
*
FROM POLITIKA OF THE 29TH JUNE
P.9. Militarisation of Soviet satellites: Hungary speedily
rearming
FROM BORBA OF THE 1ST JULY
P.21. Following the reorganisation of passive co-operatives in Dalma
Dalmatia (Article by Nikola Spiric)
FROM BORBA OF THE 2ND JULY
P.3. Trade relations - one of the bridges to understanding and
co-operation between Yugoslavia and Austrip
FROM POLITIKA OF THE 2ND JULY
P.5. Oplenacto.be opened as a pleasure resort
Part of foreign exchange must be given to the National Bank
Disabled war veterans receive 10,000 CARE parcels
P.16. The recent election of new members of the Serbian Academy of
Science: Belgrade journalists condemn :Academy's action
P.23. Return from Switzerland of wife and children of the pilot Kavic
who escaped in a jAT plane from Yugoslavia last year
FROM BORBA OF THE 3RD JULY
P.12. Sixth full session of the CC CP Macedonia
P,13. A manifestation of good-neighbourliness (Editorial)
*
P.14. Criminals from Sofia (Editorial)
P.19. Statement by Aleksandar Belie on Academy's rejection of the
candidature of 3 well-known cultural workers
P.25. Sava Kosanovic visits Austrian Chancellor
Yugoslav Minister in Egypt appointed Minister in Ethiopia
Yugoslav Ambassador visits Nehru
Albanian NCO escapes to Yugoslavia
Hungarian troops still massing on our frontiers
P,26. Trieste and Rome Irredentists wrangling oyer the position in
Zone A
P.27. How money gained from the sale of Aid goods will be dispensed:
C oAporbictddi E 0 erket4 eV21)1012T481rE51:tCIALRUP8X0041c5R-0123041100091-31i3 Osla via
over/
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FROM POLITIKA OF THE 3RD JULY
P.5. Delegation of American Slovenes to visit Trieste
P.15. Comitadji crime (Editorial)
*
P.26. Italian trade delegation arrives in Zagreb today
FROM BORBA OF THE 3RD JULY'
P.24. Death of Lt.Colonel Pane Djukic in frontier skirmish
*******
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HEADLINES
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BORBA 3rd July 1952
P.1. Session of PA of Macedonia begins today
Draft regulations before Legislative Council
Meeting of Presidents of Central Committees of Syndicates
YUGOSLAV MINISTER MN EGYPT APPOINTED MINISTER IN ETHIOPIA
YUGOSLAV AMBASSADOR VISITS NEHRU
ALBANIAN NCO ESCAPES TO YUGOSLAVIA
SIXTH SESSION OF PLENUM OF CC OF CP OF MACEDONIA: POLITICAL
WORK THEMOST IMPORTANT TASK OF PARTY OaGANISATIONS, SAYS
IRSTMEVENKOVSKI: message sent to Marshal Tito
TRIESTE AND ROME IRREDENTISTS DISAGREE OVER POSITION IN ZONE A
SAVA KOSANOVIC VISITS AUSTRIAN CHANCELLOR
A MANIFESTATION OF GOOD NEIGHBOOLTNESS (Editorial)
CRIMINALS FROM SOFIA (Editorial)
Following the crime of Bulgarian terr.,,rists: 10,000 citizens
from Leskovac to Belgrade respectfully accompany the body
cif Pane Djukic: how the People's Hem Pane Djukic died
*,
HUNGARIAN TROOPS STILL MAS,ING ON OUR FRONTIERS
P.2. WHAT IS HINDERING COOPERATION BETWEEN THE STATE AND THE
ORTHODOX CHURCH (Article by Toso Popovic)
Steps on the road to victory (Article on the People's Liberation
struggle by Rodoljub Colakovic)
Letters to the Editor:
Is this decision correct?
What is becoming of the history of the people of Yugoslavia
Protest by journalists from Radio Yugoslavia
A laudable action of the citizens of Mostar
A misunderstood request and an incorrect decision
Citizens of Vlasina send greetings to the CC CPY and to Petar
Stambolic
Negotiations in Pen Mun Jom: United Command proposes new
compromise over POW question,
UNO: Security Council refuses to listen to Chinese and North
Koreans:
Economic-Social Council continues the session on the
financial development of backward countries
View of American economy (3): public works as a partial solu-
tion to the difficulties in the US (Article by Joze Smole)
Situation in Germany: before the banning of neo-Fascist
Socialist Reich Party in Western Germany: ratification of
-Bonn agreement in American Senate has varying receptions
Letter from Paris: concerning a political inquest in France
(Article by M.Vitorovic)
Swedes send new Note to the USSR
French Government will seek to remove 4mmunity of Jacques Duclos
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P.4. CcNFERENCE OF YOUTH LEADERS IN CROATIA: Vladimir Bakaric
speaks on the'oloblems of youth organisations
More than 200 students go abroad to study
Celebration of holiday of miners of Tibovljo
What is happening about new regulations on the railways? They
still continue to be run in the old way
CHANGES IN CUSTOMS REGULATIONS ARE BEING PREPARED
HOTij MONEY GAINED FROM THe SALE OF AID GOODS WILL BE DISPENSED:
CONCERNING DINAR EMPLOYMENT OF US ECONOMIC AID TO YUGOSLAVIA
Salvage of boats and barges from the bottom of rivers and the
sea:
Boat at Split at a depth of 56 metres
Coke ovens at Lukavac without water
P.5. STATEMENT BY ALEKSANDAR BELIC ON TH REJECTION OF THE CANDIDA-
TURE OF 3 WELL-KNOWN CULTURAL WORKERS:
SERBIAN WAITERS UNANIMOUSLY CONDEMN ACTION OF SERBIAN
ACADEMY OF SCIENCE
P.7. Meteorological forecast: dry warm summer expected: warm
summer and fine autumn on the coast
Camps in certain parts of Rumania will provide slave labour
Two Polish scholars seek asylum in Italy
P.8. New section opened in Sarajevo museum
POLITIKA
P.1, COMITADJI CRIME (Editorial)
DELEGATION OF AMERICAN SLOVENES TO VISIT TRIESTE
P.4. Question for discussion: "Our language" end the study of our
language (Article by I.Mamuzic)
ITALIAN TRADE DELEGATION ARRIVES IN ZAGREB TODAY
After the adoption of a new system of using foreign exchange:
how foreign exchange accounting offices will be employed
The right to insurance allowances has been extended to
invalids, pensioners, teachers and students who receive
salaries
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TRADE RELATIONS: ONE OF.THE BRIDGES TO UNDERSTANDING AND
CO-OPATiOr
This year has brought for the Yugoslav-Austrian mutual relations
new imortant steps in the direction of good-neighbourly relations
and eolid co-operation between the two countries whose many
interests are at the same time also identical. Amongst them -
as one of the important places - is the mutual interest of
ever-growing and more close mutual economic relations and for trade
particularly.
This interest is natural. Yugoslavia and Austria are two
neighbouring countries whose economies complement each other;
through Austrian frontiers pass railway lines which from Yugoslavia
lead to Central and Western Europe and through Yugoslav territory
the shortest roads to the nearest sea coast for Austria; the
Yugoslav-Austrian state frontier passes through an energetics
complex, which in the framework of interest, is in any case,
identical.
The mutual trade relations were always, in the periods of place
and occupation, very developed. In between the two world wars
Austria participated to a great extent in Yugoslavia's foreign
trade just as the role of Yugoslavia in the Austrian trade with
foreign countries was of not small importance.
For example, in 19290 Austria held with 17.4% the second place
in the import of goods of old Yugoslavia - behind Czechoslovakia
from which Yugoslavia imported 17.5% of the total imports. This
same year, on the list of the Yugoslav exports Austria again held
second place, exports to Austria were 15.6% - immediately after
exports to Italy which were 24,9%.
Austrial'in the Yugoslav export, until Hitler's occupation of
the country, held third place amongst the exporting countries to
Yugoslavia; in 1935 with 11.9% (after Germany with 16.2% and
Czechoslovakia with 14%); in 1936 with 10.3% (after Germany with
26.7% and Czechoslovakia with 15.4%); in 1937 with 10.3% (after
Germany with 32.24% and Czechoslovakia with 11.1%) of the total
imports. In the same.period Austria was the third on the list of
exports from Yugoslavia.In 1935 with 14-.3% of the total exports
from Yugoslavia (after Germany with 18.6% and Italy with 16.7%);
in 1936 Austria was second with.14.6% and also second in 1937 with
13.5% (after Germany with 23.7%, namely with 21.7%).
After the war trade relations, taking into account the general
political conditions and the particular position of Austria,
occupied by 4 great powers, took time to be set up.
In the second half of 1946 Austria began to conclude trade
agreements on the basis of clearing. Already in 1947 Austria
participated in.Yugoslavia imports by 3% in 1948 with 4.66%, in
1949 with 8.84%, in 1950 with 7.65% and in 1951 with 4.81%. In our
export Austria participated with 4.98% in 1947, in 1948 with 6.17%,
in 1949 with 11.02%, in 1950 with 10.78% and in 1951 with 9.84%.
The road was opened for important trade co-operation.The drought
in 1950 and its reflection on 1951 have only for a short period
decreased the volume of mutual trade, however, this year a trade
agreement was signed for the first two months ?953, by which
the value of the volume of exchange both ways was established at
60 million dollars - in fact for 50% greater value than the
previous trade agreement had established.
AfteNno 'RIsediVr es-AORW changed,
and this'e ange has been provoked allety the conse.uenCes of war
and by changes_in the-eoonomy-of-both. the countries. However,
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possibilities for _goods exchenged have.ot fallen off: supplement-
in m poirethur?'rE the post-war periopxports from our country an
important role is played by the expor of timber and timber pro-
ducts (30.5% in 1951, 152% in 1950), ores and metals particu-
larly (29.1% in 1951 and 23.6% in 1950, while in 1946 64%). The
participation of agricultural-food and livestock production exports
moved about 50% in 1950, andleibout'44% ib:1951 (in 1946 21%) of
the total exports to Austria, but the export of these products
was much less than the pre-war one.
The part of import needs of Austria is important which was
covered by the Yugoslav exports and can cover on the sector of
different industrial raw material. (Rotation paper, artificial
thread, pig iron, chemical products etc.) and in the field of
imports of agricultural articles in front of our exports to Austria
stand, for example, the USA end Italy, dere dre possibilities which
can be further developed.
The post-war structure of imports from Austria to Yugoslavia
has greatly changed. The participation of black metallurgy has
increased to a great extent (in 1951 even by 33.6%) and this should
be the basis of the further development of goods exchange' with
Austria who becomes one of the main suppliers of many articles of
rolled materials and many other articles. Austria can cover to
a great extent import needs from our country by pig iron, different
kinds of steel, in sheet iron, different alloys, rotation paper,
artificial thread, technical keys, natural nitrate, fireproof
material, different tools, electrical materials, vehicles, etc.
However, here it is not only the question of a happy combined
economy but also of other moments such as being neighbours and the
proximity of the market. The tradition of use and knowledge and
hatits of consumers to a certain defined kind of goods is not also
without influence. All these factors together offer further
possibilities for a profitable co-operation. An example and proof
is the new trade agreement, according to which in the framework of
the already-mentioned 60 million dollars cur country will export
agricultural, food and livestock produce, industrial plants, ores
and metals, timber products to Austria and import from Austria pig
iron, rolled materials arid steel, fireproof material and paper,
different machinery and parts, artificial thread and articles of
mass consumption - all that in much greater volume than in previous
years.
The exchange of goods is operating normally. It is the
achievement of negotiations in which the moment of consciousness
concerning common profits and interedts for good relations plapadar
important role. Trade relations between the two countries are in
this case one of the aolid bridges of understanding and co-opera-
tion carried from one side of the border to the other.
(Sd.) BLAGOJE LAZIC
(BORBA - 2nd July, 1952).
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OPLENAC TO BE OPENED AS A PLEASURE RESORT
One of the most attractive pleasurc resorts in Serbia will shortly
be opened at Oplenac. In this beautiful wooded district a hotel
is now being prepared which will have sixteen roomsand every comfort
and convenience. In the immediate vicinity of this hotel will be
bund the vill "Sumadia", which is built and furnished entirely in the
bumadian style, ane has fourteen rooms.
(POLITIKA - 2nd July)
PART OF FOREIGN EXCHANGE WHICH MUST BE GIVEN TO THE NATIONAL BANK
According to an officdil,ruling 1. socialist economic organisations
.will sell to the Yugoslav atinal Vank 55% of foreign currency earned
by the export of goods, after 30th .june this year. In the same
proportion, currency will, be sold to the bank by socialist economic
eterprises which traffic and carry out services abroad. Currency bought
bought by the Natiojal.Bank in this way goes into a fund for meeting
general state foreign currency needs.
(POLITIKA - 2nd July)
DISABLED WAR VETERANS TO RECEIVE TEN THOUSAND CARE PARCELS
The first consignment of 39 parcels for war veterans will arrive
in Yugoslavia soon. A ccoreing to the agreement with the world
Federation of Ex-soldiers, the organisation CARE is sending a
shipment for physically dsiabled persons in European countries. Two.
parcels -five raille wristwatches- have already reached the
Federation of War Veterans of Yugoslavia.
This parcel aid is part of thc general programme for the
rehabilitation of invalids belonging to the World Federation of
War Yeterans. It is dependent on the goodwill contributions which
are collected by the CARE organisation in thise countries in which
it has authority to do so. The suggestion doncerning this activity,
which w s started two months ago, wa. made by the administrative
council of theyorld Federation. AccorcAng'to the programme of the
Federation, aic' in turopean countries will reach 869000 disabled
veterans, and all the 6000 blinded ones. The Federation of War.
Veterans of Yugoslavia considers that 10,000 parcels will be received
in Yugoslavia over a period of time, of which 519 Will be for blind
people.. The parcels for the blind-will consist of Braille wrist-
watches, Braille pocket writing sets, Braille offibe and pocket
notebooks, Braille chess sets, pocket radio setsand, electrical
shaving outfits. 12i cases of difficult amputations ane paralysis
will get special invalid carriages, and about 8,600 invalids p reels
with clothing.
(POLITIKA - :,.;cd July )
DELEGATION OF AMERICAN SLOVENES TO VISIT TRIESTE
Tiests 2nd Jul97
A ecoreinv, to information fromthe US reprAsentativ s of the
organisation-oI American blovenes and of' the merican Lommlttee
for the Building of a Slovene Instiutie of Culture in Trieste,
will visit Trieste in the near future, The report on this first
visit of representatives of American blovenes to Trieste has been
confirmed by the delegation of Americn Slovenes which is now
sta ying in Jugoslavia.
(POLITIKA - 3rd July)
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FOR THE SAKE OF THEIR OWN SECURITY
The infamous and insolent provocations committed recently on the
Hungarian border, successive plane flights deep into our territory,
are the result of the old aggressive policy of that country towards
Yugoslavia. These serious border provocations were committed as part
of the great manoeuvres of the Hungarian satellite army on our border.
All of these manoeuvres end violations of our border show that all
the hostile activity of the satellite army is directed against Yugo-
slavia. The Hungarian soldiers who committed innumerable violences
and murders against the Yugoslays during the last war are again in
the front ranks.of the military 'provocateurs on our.bordere, This'
time they are under the leadership of Rakosi and are operating on
directives from Moscow.
Some data about this:
From January to June 1951 Hungary committed 203 border incidents,
violations of the territory and air space of Yugoslavia.
From January until June 25, 1952 the Hungarians committed 461
border incidents and 42 violations of air space; a total of 503 incidents.
The leaders of Hungary increased the number of provocations on the
Yugoslav borders this year; for the seine period of time, an increase
of 200 over last year.
No other Cominform country has succeeded in carrying out such a
large number of incidents during the course of this,year. This is
how Enver Xodha got Rakosi as a worthy assistant and a dangerous
competitor. No, these are not all of the provocations. The Hungarian
Cominformists are busy preparing provocations on a large scale against
Yugoslavia.
Szeged trenches
The Hungarian town of Szeged is located 15 to 20 kilometres from
the Yugoslav border. Between this town and our border they are
hurriedly building fortifications. One kilometre from our border work
on building three rows of infantry trenches is in full swing, and they
are being dug a depth of over half a kilometre. Behind these trenches
they have recently started building new fortifications with an entire
system of pillboxes. On the outskirts of the town, just in front of
the Szeged underpass they are also building a fortification line. On
this section of the Yugoslav-Hungarian border they have built a great
number of offensive and strategic objects, and recently between -
Kecskemet and Szeged there has been an increased movement of troops.
The Hungarian warmongers, who on December 20, 1951 committed a
large-scale provocation by occupying the Yugoslav islet in the Mura
River, by the latest military work on the Yugoslav border and plane
flights over Yugoslav territory in infamous, large and insolent
dimensions seem to be preparing for new provocative activity which
cannot be accidental but planned and directly handled by the Hungarian
Government and its Moscow order-givers.
Occu ation rc Jule for the Yu,oslavs
A number of days ago the Central Bureau for controlling foreigners
in Hungary sent a form to all Yugoslav citizens with the following
regulations which must be adherred to under threat of severe penalty
up to imprisonment in camps; The regulations read:
1) Every Yugoslav citizen is placed under police vigilance and
must not leave his place of residence without police permission.
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2) Yugoslays must report to the local police as they so order,
and those who reside in Budapest must report every Friday to the
police station in their precinct.
3) Yugoslav citizens are forbidden to leave their homes from
2200 hours in the evening until 500 hours in the morning.
4) Yugoslav citizens are strictly forbidden from visiting public
places, political receptions and similar.
51 Yugoslav citizens are forbidden from sending telegrams at the
post office as well as the use of the telephone, and all of their
postal packages are under strict control of the government.
Similar regulations were prescribed by the Malan Government of
the South African. Union during its time against the native population.
Because of this, the world public condemned the situation in the
Union of_SouthAfrica as the reign of the blackest slavery. However,
the individual regulations, whibIL the Hungarian Government has
prescribed for the Yugoslav citizens, were not even imposed against
the South African natives. Such criminal and occupation regulations
were only prescribed by the Gestapo in its time. For the Yugoslays
in Hungary, the worst laws have again gone into effect, these laws -
existed at the time of the Fascist. occupation.
Get rid of the scum
Recently in Hungary, as in Rumania, they are continuing great
violences against theYugoslav minority. Besides the already-under-
taken police measures, a wide-scale evacuation of Yugoslays from the
border regions is takingplace. About 250 families were taken from
the border region of Baranja and moved to the vicinity of Debrezin.
The Yugoslays were only allowed to take the most urgent things with
them, and their entire property was taken over by the Hungarian
military plunderers. The same thing happened in Monoster (St. Gothard)
a village on the border of Yugoslavia, Austria and Hungary, where some
Slovenes lived. This village was completely evacuated for "strategic
reasons."
Even the Hungarian peasants in the villages are no better off.
Recently in the region of Arad, where there are large contingents of
Russian soldiers .who are "assuring communications for the Russian
occupation troops in Austria", there was a great peasant uprising
because of the looting and violence of the occupation troops over the
inhabitants. Soviet soldiers intervened and quelled the peasant
uprising in blood.
This is not the first time this has happened in Hungary. In the
glorious moments of Hungarian history, when under the leadership of
Koshut the.Hungarian peasants rose against Vienna and the local
feudalists, Russian Tsar Nikolas the First sent Field Marshal Paskevic
to Hungary to "take the necessary action without sparing the scum
which must be eliminated for our own security", so stated the Tsar in
his instructions to Paskevic.
It was a little over a hundred years ago when the Hungarian revo-
lutionists succumbed before the superior Russian forces at Vilagos.
Today the Russian Generals and Officers are again committing violences
in Hungary and quell in blood any protest of the Hungarian people.
No, there is a certain difference here. Sometimes the Russians them-
selveslin behalf of the counter-revolution and as the chief jailer of
Europe, quelled European reaction. And today in Hungary they are being
helped by their paid governor, Rakosi, and all of this is taking place
under the cloak of "socialism" and the "brotherly aid of the great
USSR."
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But the motives are the same. The massacres in Hungary and the
disorders on the Yugoslav borders are being ordered by the despot from
the Kremlin once again for the sake of "their security."
/s/ Zdravko Pecar
(BORBA - 29th June, 1952)
PRAYERS FOR THE FASCISTS
At the end of May the Thirty-Fifth Eucharistic Congress was held
in Barcelona under the patronage of Hangsman Franco, This congress,
which was really one large Fascist manifestation led by Rome, was
attended by the Ustashi emigrants and formed its "Central Committee
for the Eucharistic Congress." At the head of this committee were
war criminals-Ustashi former SErajevo Archbishop Cabric, Srecko
Dragicevic, accomplice of the Jasenica murderer-Ljubo Milos, and
other Ustashi criminals. Fascist by its character, this congress at
the same time was expressedly hostile towards our country. The Ustashi
criminals were shown great honour, the bloody Ustashi flags were kissed
by the bishop-pilgrims and fluttered on the building of the main office
of the congress. -Iven Archduke Ctto Hapsburg, who promised the Ustashi
butchers that he would "help the Croatian matter", was there.
This Fascist manifestation even had its followers in our country.
The Bishop of Split, Kvirin-Klement Belefacic, gave the priests under
his jurisdiction an order to hold public prayers and adorations for
the success of this congress and for all those present at the congress.
In calling the people to pray for the Ustashi butchers, this executor
of the wishes of the Vatican has once Pgain abused the freedom of
religion in our country for the manife3tation of his hostility towards
our state and peoples. /s/ Zdravko Pecar
(70RBA - 29th June, 1952)
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MILITARIZATION OF SOVIET SATELLITES
HUNGARY SPEEDILY REARMING
The Southern part of Hungary, from Lake Balaton to the Drava
River and Szeged, ha S of late been turned into a broad military area.
Nearly five infantry divisions have been concentrated in the area
near the Yugoslav border. Units are being constantly shifted from
one place to another and collected into camps which usually are
created on the eve of big military manoeuvres. The year before last
and last year this area near the Yugoslav border was used for big
army manoeuvres, and it is not improbable that the manoeuvres will be
also carried out this year,
Northern Hungary is much more favourable for military manoeuvres
of this kind; however, this area is not being used and instead of it
the territory in the vicinity of Yugoslavia has been chosen,
Expansion of communications
Work on the repair and expansion of old communications and on the
building of new communication lanes has been speeded up particularly
lately. A modern road is being built from Budapest to Pecuj and Mohac
and is intended only for military purposes. Work has been speeded up
and the date for the completion of the road, which originally was
scheduled for the end of this year, has been shortened by two months.
This road, which is twelve metres wide, is being built on a firm
concrete blocks since it is envisagee to stand the weight of the
heaviest military vehicles up to 80 tons, Blueprints for this
strategic road were made by the Hungarian Defence Ministry and work
is being supervised by a team of experienced engineers. Although
construction is speedily progressing, measures have been undertaken
to have everything completed as soon as possible. Very near this
military road there is an old cobblestone road which is Sufficient
for normal communication.
In addition to this, a number of old roads are being repaired in
Hungary. Communications which lead from the Soviet Union to Hungary
are being broadened particularly. Thus, the road which leads from
the Soviet border to Zahn-Debrezin-Bekescaba-Szeged is being repaired
as well as the road from Beregovo (Soviet frontier place) to Miskoltz-
Djendjes-Budapest; parallel with this the road from Debrezin to Solnok
and Budapest is also being built. These roads are being arranged to as
to be able to stand increased traffic and also to be suitable for quick
shifting of modern armour in the direction of the Yugoslav border.
Similar work is going on also on the Hungarian state railways.
Plans are being made to build from Miskoltz towards Budapest a railway
line of a broF.d Russian gauge which will make it easier for the shifting
of Soviet armour to the centre of the Danubian lowlands.
New airports
The air force occupies a particular place in Hungary's rearmament.
Several modern airports are being constructed. Just where the Danube
River bends between Dunafelddvar and Paksa, about 150 kilometres from
the Yugoslav border, a big military airport with concrete runways has
been built. Work on building this airport was supervised by Russian
experts. In the district of Kaposvar, near Tasar, large military
airports are being built on concrete foundations. Barracks for
aviation personnel are also being built.
A similar military airport is also being built in Sekesfehervar4
while another airport has already been completed near Sombathel. In
addition to all this, a big Soviet airport is under construction in
the northwestern part of Hungary near Sopron; this airport is already
being used by Soviet heavy bombers and fighters.
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Most of this work is done in addition to local labour force by
the so-called labour battalions in which untrusty elements are
mobilized. It is reckoned that there are now in Hungary from 15 to
20 such labour battalions.
Underground telephone and telegraph cables are being laid in
Hungary. From Pecuj, which is about 50 kilometres north of the Yugo-
slav border, a special cable is being laid as far as Dombovar andfrom
there towards Katosvar.
Military factories
The reorganization and expansion of Hungary's r:litary industry
have considerably changed the economic activity of tne country planned
two or three years ago. A nuffiber of factories are now being built
which will work exclusively for the army and which will replenish
present-day Hungarian armament. In SajObabonj, near the villaze of
Fisfej near Lake Balaton, a factory is being built for the production
of war material. About twelve thousand workers are employed on the
construction of this factory. According to certain data, one section
of a factory which will produce tank- was put into operation in
Dunapentel last November A new factory for the production of war
material was recently opened in BekesL-ab. Near Sekesfehervar a factory
is being built called "Inotka" which ill probably produce airplanes.
Aircraft parts are being made in the aluminium factory in the same
place. The "Lampdjar" enterprise in Budapest is making small arms.
In the place of Jobadj, between Hatvan and Salgotarijan, a large
ammunition factory has been built which disposes with underground
installations. This factory started rking last August and is
principally making artillery ammunition. The workers who built the
factory have now been shifted to Felnemet near Eger where a new
military plant is beirv; constructed.
Hungary's expanded war industry is now producing light armour,
ammunition, gun barrels,of small calibre as well as parts for tanks
and airplanes. Tank and airplane parts are being constructed in Cepel.
Apparently jet planes are also assembled in this factory.
Increase of military budget
According to official Hungarian data, the present outlays for
military requirements are ten times greater than in 1948. While in
1948 a sum of 600 million florins was envisaged for military require-
ments, this year it is 5,910 million. The total outlays for the
Hungarian Army have constantly been increasing since 1948, and this
year the outlays are bigger than for 1949 and 1950 together,
In addition to the modernisation and increase of military equip-
ment, the numerical strength of the Hungarian Army has also increased.
Four years ago in 1949 Hungary had four infantry divisions (which was
already above the level permissable under the Peace Treaty). During
the past two years, Hungary has increased the number of its infantry
divisions to seven and after that to thirteen, and has also formed two
tank divisions and nearly two aviation divisions. This year Hungary
has fourteen to fifteen infantry divisions, two armoured divisions
and two to three aviation divisions. These aviation divisions have
forty to fifty jet planes. Hungarian military forces, considered as
a whole, are much greater than four years ago as can be seen from the
number of infantry divisions which have been more than trebled during
this time.
Special political courses are being held in Hungarian military
units by means of which soldiers are being kept in perpetual fear of
war. Hungarian Army Officers are regularly telling their soldiers
that allegedly an attack from Yugoslavia is imminent and that, therefore,
they must prepare and arm themselves in a disciplined way. Hungarian
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Army Officers are telling their soldiers particularly that all those
who escape from Hungary into Yugoslavia are immediately returned to
Hungary; this is obviously intended to scare any person from attempting
to flee from Hungary to our country.
The entire military training in Hungary is directed towards
tactical attacks. All this shows that this entire activity in Hungary
has no connection at all with any defence measures but rather that it
is of an explicitly aggressive and warmongering character. Frontier
incidents on our border are a particular form of this activity)
Repeated flights by Hungarian aircraft over our territory at the time
of increased rearming of Hungary illustrate a serious danGer which
comes from militarization of the Soviet-bloc countries. /s/ B. D.
- 29th June, 1952)
SIXTH FULL SESSION OF CC CP MACEDONIA
TSkoplje, 2nd Julii
The Sixth Full Session of CC C2 Macedonia opened here today.
A report on some political and orr,7anizational questions of the
Party was submitted by Comrade Krste Grvenkovski, Organizational
Secretary of the CC CP Macedonia.
In his report, Comrade Krste Crvenkovski described the successes
achieved by the Party organization of Macedonia in explaining the new
important changes in the social, economic and state life of our
country as well as in the work on the carrying out of the new measures--
switch-over to the new economic system, reorganization of popular
authority, etc.
Speaking about the weaknesses and occurrences of bureaucracy in
establishing management of enterprises by the workers, Comrade Krste
Crvenkovski said: "The managers in our enterprises are still the
almightketr. The managing boards are still working as executive
agencies and are neglecting the workers' councils, not to mention
working collectives. In connection with the drawing up of wage scales,
we have had such cases where they were made only by the bookkeepers
and other clerical staffs without consultation with the working
collectives or the workers' councils of the enterprises. For example,
in the "Braca Kosuljcevi" metal enterprise in Titov Veles the wage
scale was made in the office and, consequently, the salaries of
clerical staff increased by an average of 1,100 dinars while the
wages of the workers were reduced by an average of 600 dinars."
In addition to these weaknesses, the speaker also gave examples
of incorrect work of the basic Party orgRnizations in some of the
enterprises which, instead of making efforts to improve the ideological-
political work, very often mix in the work of the managing boards,
managers, workers' councils and the entire working collectives, as
is the case with the collective of railway workers in Ohrid and
Skoplje where, on the basis of signatures of secretaries of Party
organizations, some of the engineers and brakesmen have been dismissed.
Surely, this leads only towards the compromising of the Party organiza-
tion and towards the neglecting of its main task--the ideological-
political elevation of the workingoollectives.
The Party and labour union organizations are not active enough in
connection with the economic education of the worker.
The speaker then spoke about the tasks of the Party concerning
the reorganization of authority. "The new organization of our popular
authority has brought the popular authority closer to the people.
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Offices of commissioners and paid commissioners have been abolished.
In lieu of these there have been created councils of citizens, public
workers and cultural workers. It is now necessary that the members
of the council and representatives of the councils should perform their
duties conscientiously. The Party organizations and committees should
pay attention to this so to avoid the councils being gradually neg-
lected. The new organization of peoples' committees brings up the
question of professional training and of the white-collar apparatus,
and this is also a question which the Party committees should bear in
mind.
"One of the problems of authority which is likewise important for
the Party is that of the work of the meetings of votors at which the
work of the agencies of authority is criticized and which represents
a successful weapon against bureaucracy."
The speaker then dealt with the work of the Party in the mass
and social organizations. "However, I must say that the work of the
mass organizations, especially of the People's Front, is still far
from satisfying the demand of the present-day stage of our struggle.
One of the basic weaknesses is that (!irectives are expected to come
from above in order to start in a caaiaaign fashion work in the mass
organizations instead of finding problems on the terrain."
The speaker them emphasized that the activity of the Communists
in the mass and social organizations is a poor one.
Further in his speech, Crverkovski mantioned the organizational
problems of the Party. He said that after the announcement of the
Cominform Resolution the Party organization in Macedonia was strength-
ened, ideologically improved and became a monolithic one by expelling
from among its ranks the scum which, for personal interests, voiced
themselves in favour of the Cominform Resolution.
Crvenkovski then spoke about the concrete organizational weaknesses
in some of the Party organizations As well as about the methods for
removing these weaknesses.
After the reading of the report, a discussion was opened at which
Secretaries of Party Committees described the successes and shortcomings
in the ideological-political work in the various Party organizations
on the terrain. During the morning's work, the following took part in
the discussion: Blagoja TALEVSKI, Jovko JOVKOVSKI, Boge KUZMANOVSKI,
Rista KADIFKO, Mito DIMITRIJEVSKI, Krste MARKOVSKI, Kemal SEJFULA,
Dimitar ALEKSIJEVSKI, Sedat VELI, Vasil DJORTOV and Mita TEMENUGOV.
In the afternoon Comrades Aco ICEV, Risto DZUNOV and Metodija
ANTEVSKI took part in the discussion. The Secretary of the CC CP
Macedonia, Lazar KOLISEVSKI also spoke aa well as the members of the
Politburo of the CC CP Macedonia Vidoje 514iILEVSKI and Nikola MINCEV.
The session thereby concluded its work. /s/ B. B.
(BORBA - 3rd July, 1952)
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- 13 - ?
A MANIFESTATION OF GOOD-NEI GEBOULINE SS
A Greek parliamentary delegation arrives tomorrow to Yugoslavia. The
delegation is led by Dimitrios Godnikas, the ',president of the
Greek Parliament and ,members of the delegation are representatives
of all political parties? The guests will spend about two weeks in ,
Yugoslavia and their sojourn in .Yugoslavia will be followed by a
viSit of Yugoslav deputies to Greece .
This event, with many others in the relations between the two
countries, marks a further step forward in the creation of an atmos-
phere of friendship and good neighbourly relations between the people
of Greece and Yugoslavia) connected with a common frontier and common
wish to contribute to peace in this part e.,f the world and to peace
in general.
The social systems in the two countries are different. But the
internal structure and order of each country is purely its own inter-
nal affair, a matter of the people. Taking into account that in in-
ternational life people come closer together by common interests)
means that everything points .to a need of mutual ?acqukilimsnsosp
cooperation and strenghtening the friondskip between the two peoples -
- Greek and Yugoslay.
Inothe midst of peacefabuilding up, creating better conditions
of life, and situated in a very ? sensitive spot in world happenings)
Yugoslavia does everything which might contribute to a peaceloving
constructive goOperation- With other- nations who strive for peace.
Greece being exposed also to Soviet b1onf3spressure has the identical
wish to strenghten defence of peace in this part of the world? And. .
the best road toachibveothis object is acquaitanceship, raprochement
of the peoples on the basis of mutual respectlequality and common
peaceloving yearnings. ..
The Balkans were always in the past the battlefield of con-
flicting interests of the powers who wished to subjugate them.
Lately, the attempt of the USSR to set up its domination over Yugo-
slavia was the most flagrant manifestation of such imperialist appe-
tites. We were able to resist this thanks to the power of the Sense
of .freedom and independence, which is imbued deeply in the Yugoslav
masses and thanks to the power of our army, which was and has re-
mained an insurmountable hindrance to the aggressor. Today also)
Yugoslavia believes that the Balkans can resist foreign hegemony
and aggressive- attempts the more the people: who inhabit them
are stronger and more decisive to defend their freedom and indepen-
dence and at the same time to collaborate as good and peceloving
neighbours.
-?
It is quite comprehensible and natural why the rapprochemstt
and intrealiza - of cooperation between the Balkan peoples, particularily
so between. Yugoslavia).Grede and. Turkey is a thorn in the fle:Eihto
Soviet imperialism . But it is lees comprehensible why this co-
operation meets with hindrances.and negative'reaction somewhere
else too; And this is the case, for example, in some circles
abroad who still cannot liberate themselves from traditionalinatraticns
for territorial expansion towards the Balkans, as is shown by the
case of Trieste or that cfGeneral Castilogne? 'Their hidden and
open efforts to set up influence or control according to patterns in
the past - are identical today with attempts to break up the Balkan
defensive readiness and cernpaotnesa towards the Soviet aggressive
nolicy,'as much as they do not help the Soviets consciously
also, which often appears so on the basis of their actions against
Yugoslavia.
of The visit of the Greek parliamentary delegation, is an elgmeat
/ever-growing understanding which is developing between the, two
countries, therefore they-will meet everywhere in Yugoslavia with a
hearty and warm welcome.
(BORBA - 3rd July, 1952).
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CRININALS FROM SOFIA
The rulers from Sofia have enlarged their list of heavy crimes.
The People's Hero Pane Djukic, Lt.Colonel of our Army, who was a
faithful son guarding his country, was murdered by spieswho were
sent into Yugoslavia by the Sofia agency of Moscow?
This is not the first murder nor the first provocation of the
Bulgarian Cominformists. The foreign flunkeys, oppressors of the
Bulgarian people for the account of the Soviet policy of domination
and subjugation have in the past few years directed-all their
activity on anti-Yugoslav activities and pressure, frontier
incidents, provocations, diversions and murders. They have intro-
duced the law of the jungle, together with the other Quiblings of
the Soviet bloc and for the account of the Soviet aggressors4They
have introduced in international relations a law of international
banditry.
Out of 1,500 border incidents of all kinds which were provoked
last year by the Cominformiat border and other bands on our
frontiers the Bulgarian agents are to be blamed for a good number
of them. In the period January to October 1951 the Bulgarian
organs have killed a Yugoslav frontier guard, executed 2 kidnappings,
28 times violated our territory, our airspace was violated 4 times,
and they made 104 serious armed provocations... And since
October of last year until today, the list of frontier provocations
by the Bulgarians has been greatly increased.
To this list can be added : facts concerning the murders of
Yugoslav citizens in Bulgaria, conoerning death camps to where they
are taken, concerning prisons in which their bones are broken, their
hair pulled out and .i/atrkilocys beaten out, only because they are
Yugoslays and because they want to remain as such. One can add to
this bloody Cominformist list the crimes executed on Danilo Doncic,
Ivan Seferovic and many others, together with the kidnapping of
Momir Seferovic, who took refuge in the Yugoslavia Embassy in
Sofia to protect his very life.
A whole series of attacks on our representatives, the massacre
and murder of our citizens, fortifications and aggressive prepara-
tions on our frontier, violation of the ex-territoriality of our
diplomatic mission, provocative border actions, infiltration of
spies and terrorists - this is the system woich the Cominformist
agencies have introduced in their relations with Yucoslavia,
separately the one from Sofia.
The latest crime of this sinister policy without scruples, this
system of international crime, this inquisition ideology of the
Cominform and her bloody hands - is the murder of our People's ?
Hero Djukic, which has been perpetrated t7 Cervankovrs terrorists,
terrorists from Moscow.
This band of murderers will pay for their crimes. But those
who stand behind them will continue their policy of violence and
provocations against Yuroalavia. We remember well all the crimes
which they have perpetrated so far, end let them remember thattool
because after each crime punishment comes.
Before the men of the whole world their inhuman figure has
been condemned already. Covered with the bllod of their own
peoplelthey are shedding the blood of the Yugoslays also. The
Yugoslays, and we believe also the Bulgarian people also will never
forget this.
(BORBA - 3rd July, 1952).
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COMITADJI CRIME
The news of the latest crime of the Bulgarian Cominformists -
concerning the dastardly murder of the People's Hero Pane Djukic
produced grett revolt amongst the Yugoslav public. In.a number of
crimes against our country .and our people, executed by Cominformist
countries, incited by the Soviet Government:- amongst whom Bulgaria
takes the first place - this latest crime surpasses all the present
ones. The Bulgarian Cominformists have succeeded in murdering the
celebrated.Hero of the National Liberation Struggle and National
Revolution, a true son of the people and party, Pane Djukic, They
have succeeded in doing that which the German and Bulgarian Fascists
did not succeed in doing. There was not a single citizen, of our
country who did not ask himself with revolt: "Will there be .an
end to the Bulgarian crimes and provocations? "411 the Bulgarian
rulers who have gone mad come to their senses?"
This latest crime perpetrated by the Bulgarian rulers had
been carefully prepared in a way proper to professional criminals.
Their officers of the State Security Service have prepared fer:?this
crime just as for the old former ones a group of the worst kind of
terrorists - despised traitors of our people, After collecting.
them at an established spot and training them at special courses,
the organs of the Bulgarian Government sent them with criminal
tasks to our territory, Conscious of the fact that they would
find no support whatsoever amongst our people - the Bulgarian
officers were forced to give food to them for the whole duration
Of their stay. Thus equipped, these new Comitadjis failed to do
that for which they were prepared because the whole people stood
up against them. .
It is not the first time in history that Bulgarian rulers
organised such crimes towards the people of Yugoslavia9 In the
past 50 years history has shown that the Bulgarian r.iulers have not
renounced their hegmonistic objects towards SerbialYMacedonia,and
the idea of "Great Bulgaria" 'on account of which the Bulgarian
rulers were defeated inboth the world wars has found in Cervenkov
and others worthy heirso
Conscious of the fact that with their proper forces they
cannot realise great Bulgarian imperialist objects when they put
themselves under the protection of Austria-Hungary in the First
World -war and of Fascist Germany in the Second World War in order
to achieve their dirty plans - the Bulgarian traitors are now?
attempting now, serving their new master - M0Fr"1" hegemonists,
under their protection and with their promises, to realise the
very same plan80.
The Bulgarian*people on account of that policy experienced
shame and despisa.9 which it is not necessary to stress. This
same fate is declared now by Cervenkov and company by order S from
Moscow, to such a similar crimes, striving consciously to throw the
Bulgarian people again into a fratricidal war against the peoples of
Yugoslavia. It is now up to the Bulgarian people not to permit
this time a new catastrophe towards which it is egged by its
rulers. The Bulgarian people must know that neither the Serbian
nor the Macedonian people, as well as the other people of Yugo-
slavia,have .nothing against the Bulgarian people and that they
were always ready, particularly after the liberation, to help the
Bulgarian people and offer them many proofs of their friendship.
However, the number of crimes 'perpetrated by the Bulgarian Govern-
ment and by the organs of the State Socurity Service towards our
country and its representatives, towards our citizens, has grown
so much lately that our people rightfullyAeMand themselves; has not
present history given. the necessary lesson to:,the Bulgarian rulers,
will there necessarily be another catastrophe, so that those in
Bulgaria may see the sterility of the policy of Cervenkov and
others for the account of Moscow, for which they are preparing them-
selves so stubbornly. One should underline, after this crime, that
every attack upon our frontiers in any form will result in a. lesson
which wiAl?1
9h is should
be taken . o account y e u garian rulers in tne first place.
(POLITIKA - 3rd July, 1952).
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REGARDTNG THE REGENT ELECTION OF NEW MEMBERS OF THE SERBIAN ACADEMY
OF SCIENCE
In the French langmage the word immortal is a synonim of amembet
of the French Academy, Usually to all academies of science throughout
the world the most eminent representatives of scientific and cultural
life in one country are being admitted: that is to say those whose names
will remain immortal. In addition to this in all countries all over the
world members of academy, that is to say those who are supposed to be
entitled to perform that duty take dec.i.sion on the admittance of new
memirers of academy,
But in history there can be found numerous cases when those who
had deserved to be admitted mere not actually admitted, while those
who did not deserve it on the contrary were adr3itted and entitled to
take decision on the admittance of others;
Having &ready referred to the French Academy, may I be allowed
to cite two examples frcei the history of the French Academy. At his
time Moliere as one of the most distineuished representatives of culture
of the French people was not admitted into the Academy under the pretext
that an actor cannot be worth of such a d.l.stinetione, Nevertheless today
his statue can be found in the Academy wtth the following inscription:
"His glory was complete and we mise !eim". Marechal retain was also
a member of the French Academy. Everybody can imagine what uproar of
disapproval was evoked among the French democratic public when he
appeared among the immortal after the past World War and the Vichy
France.
Therefore there are such cases which prove that the democratic
tethod of election of members of academy can sometimes enable
conservative conceptions to prevail in the adoption of decisions on
eomebodyle value. But in thole? cases the decision on admittance of
such candidates into the ranks of the cost authoritative people from
the sphere of scientific and cultural life ceasegto be a matter of one
single institution. In our colntry esrecially the election of members
of Academy represents a question of social significance.
From history of our Academy of Science we know very well the case
od admittance of our greatest cemeay writer Branislav Uusic. But our
public rieLtfully expected that that and similar cases now belonged to
the far distant past. Nevertheless the recent case which drew the attention
of our public ? when the candidacy of our eminent literary critic Milan
Bogdanovic and the prominent artists Peter Lubarda and Marko Gelebonovic
were rejected ? arose a number of different questions.
It is not a matter of making a comparison between great pereonaltties
from the history of France and our country including our contemporary era.
However a comparison concerning the acts committed by those two academies
is undoubtedly imposed. In the past as well as in the present times
those who participated in these elections were undoubtedly inspired by
extremely comiNervertelie criterion which are today close to reactionary ones.
Our people can therefore rightfully demand that lessons from history
be taken into consideration: those who are worthy of becoming members
of Academy of Science should certainly be extlunively selected from the
ranks of such people who occupy the most prominent positions in the
scientific and cultural lite of the country, It is an old andwell known
fact that true _science and true culture did never defend conservativism
and backwardness.
At their meetini, held the day before yesterday, journalists from
Belgrade clearly outlined a number of problems and reached conclusions
regarding this particular case. If one considered the present structure
of members of our Academy, then these three candidates would undoubtedly
,,deserve to obtain the honourable title of a member of Academy. On the
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basis of all this one necessarily comes to the following conclusion:
if the candidacy of the most eminent progressive people was rejected,
then it is obvious that it could not have been rejected because of the
quality of thecandidates which is indisputably high but exclusively
because of their own progressiveness.
Other public workers and social organisations will quite probably
also express their own opinion on this case. It is very unlikely that
this rejection of candidacy of our throe eminent cultural workers is not
. going to be met by approval on the part of our public.
The public can thus rightfully ask a. certain number of members
of the Serbian Academy of Science to give an account before society for
adopting such an attitude towards the progressive thought and arts the
stand which is in contrast to the development of our socialist society.
The journalists from Belgrade condemn an act by the Serbian Academy of Science
At the Journalists's Club in Belgrade in the evening of June 30
&public joint meeting of Boards of the -Union of Journalists of Yugoslavia
and Association of Journalists of Serbia attended by a large number of 'e
journalists from Belgrade was held to discuss the recent act by the Serbian
Academy of Science which rejected the candidacies for admittance as
corresponding members of the most eminent public workers Milan Bogdanovict
writer, Petar Lubarda, artist,and Marko Cel;ebonovic, artist.
The meeting was opened by the chairman of the Association of
Journalists of Serbia StOjiljko Stojiljleovic. Thereupon the Secretary
.General of the Union of Journalists of Yugoslavia Vilko Vinterhalter
in a brief introductory speech explained the foundlessness of such an act
of the Academy of Science of Serbia which in its essence is directed
against the interests of the development of our science and arto
In a lively discussion a.greater number of present journalists took
part including Dusan Blagojevic. editor in -chief of I3orba2 Zivan Mitrovic,
deputy editor in chief of Politika, Mirka Kalezic9 editor of Karodna
J'rmija9 Najdan Pasic9 editor of KIN and others'e
They all agreed that the rejection of candidacy for corresponding
members of the three prominent cultural workers in fact represented a
reactionary demonstration committed by a certdn number of members of the
Academy of Science'. Such an act cannot be accepted with indleribrence
because thereby people whose candidacies were quite justifiable were
subjected to discrimination.
During the discussion it was further emphasized that journalists,
beingia significant factor in our public opinion and society cannot keep
silent about this attempt of a group of members of the Serbian Academy
of Science to abuse socialist democracy and turn this high scientific
institution into a reactionary bulwark of their own without being
subjected to responsibility before the public. In our country all
institution are obligated to give an account of their work and the
behaviour of their members before the broad public. The Serbian Academy.
of Science irrespective of the fact that Some of its members are not
inclined to do so has this same social as well as democratic obligation.
For this reason at their, meeting the journalists stressed the need
of discussien on work of its members and its institutions in detail
before our public.
At the end of the meeting the present journalists unanimously
adopted a resolution as follows:
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1. The journalists of Belgrade joints protest of a group of
writers from Belgrade against an act of the Serbian Academy of Science
rejecting the admittance of Milan Bogdanovic, Petar Lubarda and Marko
Celebonovic as corresponding members, maintaining that one group of
members of Academy, taking advantage of democracy in this high institution
for its own narrow interests, abused its poaition in the Serbian Academy of
Science for the purpose of a reactionary political demonstration?
20 Comrade Milan Bog4anovic is one of our most eminent and productive
literary critics, while comrades Petar Labarda and Marko Celabonovic are
considered as prominent repvIrtatives of our painting, so that as such
have a reputation and are in aAaf.e an
re in our country d abroad ? and this
Is the reason why the journaa7
sts from Belgrade cannot realize this decision
adopted by the Serbian Academy of Science in a different manner but as a
result of progressive social stand of candidates concerned.
30 The journalists from Belgrada maintain that broad public in
our country should be acquainted with the personality and character
as well as scientific and sacial aotivity,including that displayed in
the past and at the present time, of those members of the Serbian Academy
of Science who iNDOSO such decision to this high scientific institution,
baming found a shelter in tha apparatas of the Academy and at the Academy
where, unfortunately, there lp still no p7aoe for Milan Bogdanovic, Petar
Lubarda and Marko Celeboncvice Who are taose people who today in the
scientific circles represent the Sorbian science and openly come out
against its democratic duvelopment2
4, The journalists of Belgrade find it necessary that all
scientific, artistic and social circles in our country separately
express their opinion concerning this case of definite offense of
our science and democratic public opinion".
The signatures of the following journalists were cited!
Dusan Blagojevic, Chairman of the Association of Yugoslav Journalists,
Stojiljko Stojiljkovic, Chairman of the Association of Serbian Journalists,
Vilko Vinterhalter, Secretary General of the Association of Yugoslav Journalists,
Zivan Mitrovic, Secretary of the Associad_on of Journalists of Yugoslavia,
Rudolf Stajduhar, Secretary of "
members of the Board of the Association of Serbian Journalists ? Rade Vujovic,
Najdan Pasic, Padivoje Markovic, Milisav Nikic, Milorad Ciric, and Dobrila
Popovic; ra,a_eantatives of the paper Politika Bogdan Peale and Ljubomir
Stojovic; representatives of the paper Borba Toss. Popovski and Milo Popovic;
representatives of Tanjug Vasko Ratkovic and Djivo Visic; representative
of Directorate of Information Marko Perla; representatives of Radio Belgrade
Pavlo Maletin and Jovan Scekic; representatives of the per Narodna Axmija
(Peoplele Army) Mirko Kalezio and Ljuto Andjelic; representatives of the
paper NIN Draean Stojiljkovic and Dragoslav Adamovic; representative of the
magazine Medjunarodna Politika (International Affairs) Rade Vikov;
representatives of magazine Ekonomska Politika (2conomic Policy) lr,Jasa
Davico and Vlada Milonkovic; representative of the paper Zadraga
(Co?operative) Smilja Koran; representative of the paper Front Mehmed
Tockic, and the representative of the magazine Zane Dams (The Woman of
Today) Dance, Peric,
This aossion of Academy was attended by the following members,
according to information available: Aleksandar Delia, Milutin Milankovic,
Petar Jovanovie, Ivan Djaja, Kosta Todorovic, Djordje Nesic, Vladimir
Farmakovski, Sinisa Stankovic, Pavia Savic, Petar Konjovic, Petar Zolendic,
Ivo Andric, Nikola Radojcic, Jovan Radonjic, 7ojislav Miskovie, Dusan
Nedeljkovic, Anton Bilinovic, Nikola SaLtikovadma Zivanovic, Ksenofon
Sahavic, Cedomir Simic, Kota Petkovic, Miloje Vasic and Stevan Hristie.
(POLITIKA, July 2, 1952)
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STATEMENT DY DR. ALEKSANDAR BELIQ, PRESIDENT OF THE ACADEMY, BEGARDING
TEE REJECTION OF CANDIDACIES OF TEE THREE PROMINENT CULTURAL WORKERS
Regarding the latest election of corresronding members of the
Serbian Academy of Science and protests by our public against the
attitude of a group of regular members of the Serbian Academy of Science
who have, using the democracy in this high scientific institution,
rejected to admit the well known public and cultural workers Milan
Bogdanovic, Marko Celebonovic and Petar Lubarda as corresponding members
of the Academy - President of the Serbian Academy of Science Dr* Aleksandar
Belic made a statement to 2orba correspondent as follows:
HI have not been amazed by the campaign waged in peblic concerning
the case of three candidates vCeose candidacies were dropped off at the
session of the Serbian Academy of Science. Althougb I maintain that
public interest in the work of Academy con be useful to it, I still cannot
agree to numerous reports made public on this regrettable caseo
Eiret of all I can tell you that a majority of members of Academy
-shares the feeling of disapproval manifested by the public because of
rejection of these candidates, but I shall at the same time also tell you
that apart from these three candidates other seven candidates were also
not elected at the same session. Accordingly, there were ten of them
affected,*
Reasons why they failed to. be elected are undoubtedly not identical
but vary very much. Nevertheless one ca % 17 no means claim that they were
not elected because of their progressive views as cultural workers, since
even among the other seven candidates leho were elected as corresponding
members, there are some who are beyond any discussionprogressive both
scientific and cultural workers, On the other hand, the Academy has
demonstrated through its former elections that progressive views did not
represent a hindrance In the election of prominent personalities from
political and cultural spheres of life but that they were also elected as
members of the Academy.
Conditions for the election of new members of Academy are very
difficult, since two thirds of present members of Academy must vote for
them. Two of the mentioned candidates (Milan )3ogdanovic and Marko Cele-
bonovic) received 14 votes of the present 24 members, obviously alliajority,;
But for their election they need 16, that is to say, two more in favour
of each of them only.
As during the discussion nobody disapproved of these candidates,
it would in future be necessary to vote in public and not in secret as
up, to the present. As a result all members of Academy who Teeted
against the admittance of a candidate might be given an opportunity of
explaining and justifying theirattituie. This would not be in contrast to
the existing Law on Academy in the same manner as it approves. secret vote,
Owing to the fact that last time elections were secret, it is not right
to indicate to some groups of members of Academy claiming that some of
them voted against these three candidates.
This time there were 12 vacancies in the Academy. This number of
places was defined in accord with requirements of various departments and
institutes of the Academy. Mut various department put up the candidacy
of 17 persons, of which five were conditional, that is to say, df some of
the candidates failed to be elected, then vote was to be taken on tleair
candidacies later on, Maybe that this fact has contributed that a smaller
number of candidates than necessary was actually elected.
The Presidency of Academy regrets that five members failed to be
elected,although they could have been and are needed for work in various
departments and institutes of the Academy. The three candidates of whom
so-elufh.is today been spoken in public are also needed.
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It is incorrect to condemn the Academy blaming it for having
rejected the candidacy of certain people, In fact the candidacy of
all candidates was put up by the Academy, that is to says by its
departaents . I can tall you that the candidacy of those candidates
of whom is so much being spoken in public was unanimously suggested
by the appropriate denartments concerned,
You are wondering how it was pceible to happen that at so well
prepared elections those candidates reerred to could be rejected. It
is beyond any doubt that a certan nember of members of the Academy, as
it used to happen in old Yugosavia, haa taken.a negative attitude towards
all candidates, which tc due ekher to insufficient knowledge of work of
those candidates or to (wIlarLn other reasons;
In response to a question put Ier 3orba correspondent whether in
this case it was a matter of the same members of Academy who were to be
blamed because cf their stand in 1947 Veen our great poet the deceased
Vladimir Nazor failed to be elected a member of the Serbian Academy of
Science, Dr, Delic ctatel:
nIt would be a difficultsthine to reply to this question absolutely
in the affirmative, Anyhow it/a nattcr of peolae who have iaentical views
with them or people w'eo are cloce te tI7s4q. group of members of Academy
due to their oonceptione. But, I mfly znelare that in all directions 9
according to my deep &pinion, we are making progress in our Aeademy.
I hope that the opinion that there is no tree science without progressive
people,which is among the ranks of members of Academy today sufficiently
accepted,will bosom? to an increasing eet,ent the leading principle in
all activity,including the election of new members,
The fact that this principle fe`lel to be applied adequately in
all instances this year, is also due 'eo failure to harmepize all moments
affecting the positive development of Academy so that thereby all waverings
of any kind could be fully removed.
The seven elected membore indicete that one should not have a sceptic
view of the future. It will cern::;. follow the only possible path today
to the interests of our Academy and our science, the path of complete
collaboration beleepen progressive people and true science".
(BOTtit ? 3rd July, 1952)
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FOLLOWING THE REORGANISATION OF PASSIVE COOPERATIVES IN DALMATIA
Socialist transformation of villages has previously been
incorrectly conceived in many villages of Dalmatia. That is why
they have been founded there where there were no conditions for
the development of large socialist estates. Thus, beside others?
about 50 working co-operatives have been founded in Dalmatia, which
had only 8 to 12 households. The majority of these "midget" co.,
operatives do not possess more than ten hectares of arable land,
which yields on an average only five metric cents of wheat or 12 to
15 hectolitres of wine.
Poor organisation of work and business on the ground of
working days brought about those well-known manifestations in co-
operatives, as for instance, peacemeal, fight for a greater number
of working days at the cost of the quality of work, flying: off to
the homestead and widening the homestead. Owing to all this the
co-operative land was poorly cultivated than that of private persons.
and the dissipation of co-operative property was a frequent event.
Members of those co-operatives were becoming more and more poor and
had a harder life than other peasants. Failures developed still more
the individualistic conceptions of peasants. The motto: "your own
land is best cultivated" was strongly affirmed.
The existence of poor working co-operatives is harmfully
reflected upon the development of agricultural co-operatives in
general. Only members of the Party and few members of the Front
entered these co-operatives, which had no economic foundation.
There were cases that these comrades well-intentionally made a
pressurt upon other peasants with the aim to enlarge and strengthen
the co;-operatives. Such work, however, brought them in the.
position that they were deserted very.soon,
Co-operative members were too much engaged with failures of
their passive co-operatives. This turned their attention from the
tasks of the People's Front and other political organisations in
villages. Hostile and speculatory elements exploited such situation.
They prevented the members of working co-operatives to take active
part in the work of agricultural co-operatives. This slogan was
spread " when they do not know to put things in order among themselves
they will not be able to set co-operatives in order".
Actions which have been undertaken to direct the co-operatives
of general type towards developing the agricultural production and
strengthening the co- operative ownership have not been met with
broader support of peasants, there where passive co-operatives exist.
The conception that co-operatives of the general ty e were only
something transitory and in fact the way towards peasant working
co-operatives greatly contributed to this effect. And as passive
and in every respect disorderly co-operatives could not be attracti've
for the peasants, they began to avoid also co-operatives of the general
type. . .
The existence of passive peasant working co-operatives
which were full of unsettled problems, hindered the development
not only of co-operatives of the general type but of those working
co-operatives which had conditions for development? The work of
many district managements was restricted to save inefficient co-
operatives. Meetings of the boards, annual meetings and conferences
of co-operatives, Party meetings, work of commissions, revisions etc.
all that was daily on the agenda. The purpose was to save these
co-operatives from dissipation, and the only thing that was achieved
was that they were artificially maintained, On the other hahd to those
co-operatives which fulfilled all necessary conditions an inconsiderabl
help was given, because allegedly they did not need it. It turned
out that it was most important to save the full number of co-operatives
and co-onerative members, and not the ouestion of production,
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The instruction of the CC CPY on further roads of the socialist
trqnsformation of villages enabled to make the pre-orientation of
work in -villagos to a great extent and for a very short time.
It pointed to the most appropriate forms of the cooperative.movement
and that more care shoul0 be paid to the conditions in villRges,
So the practice of creating working co-operatives regardless to the
conditions has been abandoned and the reorganisation of co-operatives
which have neither material nor other conditions for existence has
began.
Fifty two co-operatives have been reorganized to the, present
which had not the necessary :naterial basis for correct economic ?
development. The cooperative in rolicnik, in the Zadar district,
was one of those poor estates which grew worse day in day out.
Beside other thins this co-operative was not able to cultivate
even four hectares of first class land. Now following the
reorganisation,p,4,1cent-s not only began to till these four hectares
of co-operative land, but the village with its own means started
to dig a canal fcr irrigation of 50 hectares of land more,which was
to the present flooded. The irrigated land will be cultivated
by applying modern agrotechnical measures. A greater portion of the
revenue from that land co-operative rambers will pay in co-operative
fund. In view that the soil is . fir-st rate the co-operative farm
will soon become a model estate in the village.
In the co-operative at Tliograd na Moru, only five co-
operative members used to work till recently, who of course, were
not able to cultivate even those two hectares of vineyards. The
agricultural co-operative in the same place, condidering that the
promotion cf agriculture was the concern of peasant working vo-
operatives, reduced its role only to commercial activity. So
both co-operatives lagged behind. ilowever after the publication
of the instruction of CC CPY the conditions have changed. Peasants
already at the first annuEl meeting of the agricultural co-operative
decided to set up a vineyard on 35 hectares of land and two
lime-kilns. Similar conditions exist in regard to the reorganisation
of working co-operatives at Islam Grcki, the district of Benkovac.
The small and poorly organised co-operative, which existed in that
village till rerently, could not cultivate even ten hectares of land.
But today, peasants through the egricaltalral co-operative of the
general type, arranged a co-operative farm comprising 70 hectares of
land.
Today a great number of agricultural co-operatives in
Dalmatia develop a wide economic activity. Only on the territory
of Benkovac and Zadar co-operative farms are being organised on
600 hectares of?arable land. Cc-operative farms have been organised
on a total of 1,200 hectares in Dalmatia- This is nearly one fourth
of arable land and gardens owned by all peasant working co-operatives
in Dalmatia by the end of 1951.
All these examples show that there are many -possibilities
in villages to advance agricultural production if the forms of-
co-operative movement which the peasant gladly accept are used,
and-if the practice of bureaucracy is abandoned,
(BORBA - 1st July, 1952)
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RETURN FROM SWITZERLAND OF WIFE AND CHILD OF THE PILOT KAVIC
W70 E-SCAPED INT-T-JAT ?TIME:FROM-YUGOSLAVIA LAST YETR
After a nine months' stay abroad Ljubica Kavic,returned
with her seven year old son Stevan to Belgrade on Monday. She
escaped with her husband, who was a pilot of JAT, to Switzerland
by plane in mid-October last year.
Ljubica Kavic went with her husband without thinking. She did
not even have time for that, because he phoned her the day before
the escape to come from to Ljubljana by the first train. He
told her that they were going to the seaside. On the day when she
reached Ljubljana, he told her that he wants to flee the country
and that she had to come with him.
Op that day) October 17 last .year, they went aboard of the
passenger plane which maintains the airline Ljubljana-Zagreb-
Beograd. The plane was piloted. by Bjelanovic and her husband.
The plane flew over the Alps and. after two and a half hours landed
on the Zurich- airport. .Passengers and three members of the crew
returned immediately to the country, but she, her son and her ?
husband together with the pilot Bjelanovic said that they did not ?
wish to return.
Ljubica Kavic had more time to think about all this especially
after the court's rule not to be surrenddred to our authorities
after what they felt more free and were no more afraid. She felt
homesick. .
The longing for her homeland, her mother, brother and sisters
who remained here was intesified by the cold reception and she came
to the decision: to return home at whatever price.
She informed her husband about her decision. First ho tried to
persuade her and after that quarreling began. Once he told her:
- -You can go home. You are of age. But you cannot take the
child with you. It will remain here.
Quarreling began from that day. The husband tried everything
to persuade her not to return home. He told her that she was going
to be arrested and sentenced and many other things in order to
frighten her and to give up. to return 'home.
This lasted several months. The quarrels ceased, but
began again on the day when she heard the call of comrade Rankovic
by radio. This time the reasons of her husband changed, but they
had no effect upon her, as she says.. Apparently she agreed with
him, but nevertheless she decided to return home.
Ten days ago she finally decided. She did not inform her husband
nor did she tell him that she was at the consulate and that she had
applied to return to the country.
Last Thursday she received all the documents. Her husband knew
nothing about this. On Friday, when he went to work, she came to
Zurich with her child carrying no luggage.
Her husband surely awaited her impatiently On that day. The
night came and she was already on her way to her homeland leaving
behind her husband with whom she spent 14 years Of marital life,
and with whom she went on very well .till that time.
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Ljutica Kavic speaks at length about all this as well as about
her life in Switzerland. Often through tears. Always when she
thinks about this and begins to speak about her homesickness
she breaks into tears.
-You do not know that. You canaot feel it - she says -
it was hard for me: I felt miserable, good for nothing. I lived
and moved like a robot. I coule absolutely not get accustomed
'Ath the-peorle there and ive up the hope to return to my
homeland, to see my family...
She continues:
-Especially when I thourht about my son Misa, I wqs very
depressed. He went to schoel there. And after - he will become a
man without homeland, without proepects.- of no earthly use.
I returned for his sake and my cum., Life and men there are not
as they are here. I c1. here with my relatives, with our men,
who are friendly, familiar and sincere. This was stronger than
anything else, and that feeling prevailed.
She again stresses:
You are not able to feel thie.
Indeed, she cannot express a7.1 her feelings, nor can she
describe them. Nostalgic W63 not a epty-phrase with her.
This feeling was so strong that e.:e abandoned everything, even
her husband and returned home with empty hands.
Ljubica Kavic lives with her sister in Belgrade. /s/
(ruLITIKA - 1st July, 1952)
DEATH OF LT.COLONEL PANE DJUKIC IN FRONTIER SKIRMISH
On June 30, at 21:30 in the village of Veliko Trnjane, the
district of Leskovac, National .Fero - Lt. Colonel of the UDBA
Pane Djukic was deadly wounded by a terrorist group smuggled
from Bulgaria into our country. On the .71rst of July Pane
Djukic passed away.
The terrorist Cedomir Stojkovic who was recently smugeeled
from Bulgaria was killed in the clash.
National Hero Pane Djukic was a communist already before the
wart a brave man from the vicinity of Krusevac, where he was
elected as people's deputy, became a victim of individual
terrorists which the Bulearian Cominformists are sending into our
country. For the last six months only, 13 terrorists from
Bulgaria have been caught. Fighting terrorist groups on the
Bulgaidan border four militiamen ard't1,70.peasante were wounded.
National Hero Pnae Djukic was the fifth victim of Bulgarian
terrorists.
On the last journey from Leskovac via Nis and Krusevac to
Belgrade the people paid homage to late Pane Djukic, throwing
flowers on his coffin.
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The funeral of the National Hero Lt, Colonel Pane Djukic
will take place today at Belgrade Cemetery. The funeral procession
will start at 5 p.m0 in front of the UDBA Club.
(BORBA - 3rd July, 1952)
MINISTER SAVA KOShNOVIC CALLS ON THE AUSTRIAN CHANCELLOR DR. FIEGL
Minister of the FERY Government Sava Kosanovic, who is staying
in Vienna these days, accompanied by the Yugoslav Minister in Austria
Viktor Repic, called on the Austrian Chancellor Dr, Vice
Cahncellor Dr. Scherf and the Minister of Foreign Affairs Dr. Gruber,
MinistPr Sava Kosanovic had a cordial and longe ooLversation with
Austrian high officials.
(BORBA - 3rd July, 1952)
APPOINTMENT OF YUGOSLAV MINISTER TO ETHIOPIA
' Minister Extraordinary and Plelipotentiary in Egypt, Milan
Ristic, is appointed by the Ukase of t])e Praesidium of the 1.ational
Assembly of the FPRY as Minister Ellt-rdinary and Plenipotentiary
of the FPRY to Ethiopia. Minister histic will retain his seat in
Cairo.
(DOPEA - 3rd July, 1952)
YUGOSLAV AMBASSADOR CALLS ON NEHRU
Yugoslav AmbassaoCr in India Or, Joze Vilfar called on
the Prime Minister of the Indian Government Nehru in the building
o,f the Indian Parliament. The Yugoslav Ambassador had a cordial
conversation with the Premier Nehru.
(BORB4 - 3rd July, 1952)
ALANIAN NON -COMMISSIONED OFFICER ESCAPES TO YUGOSLAVIA
Non-commissioned officer of the Albania army All Ramadan
Matole, who was on duty at the Albanian frontier post of Cafa San
escaped to our country, early in the morring on June 29 at Delicko
Brdo. The Albanian non commissioned officer who escaped with small
arms, stated that he decided to escape after the Albanian authority
arrested his brother and because of the terror in Albania.
(BORBA - 3rd July, 1952)
HUNGARIAN TROOPS STILL MASSING ON OUR FRONTIERS
Hungarian troups lately are hastily building strongholds
along the Yugoslav border, bunkers, machine gun nests, ? digging
trenches and setting up barbed wire .Thi';, eight trucks with
Hungarian soldiers arrived recently three kilemetres north-easVof
the Yugoslav border village of liorgos near the Yugoslav border..
Immediately after their arrival they began Lo dig trenches and set
up communication lines.
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? 1
Hungary increases the number of its tank units
It is learnt that the number of tank units in the Hungarian
army has been considerably increased during:lazt year. While in 1950
it had only one tank and one motorized division, the Hungarian army
today has a tank corps which includes two tank and one mechanized
divisions, and about five tank regiments?with two battalions each.
Beside this infantry divisions and corps, especially those which are
statienined in the area facina Yugeslavia, are reinforced by smaller
tank units.
Floating mines cominq from Rutania by the Tamis
Durinethe fortificatien of the borleriarea facin7 Yugoslavia which
is recently systematically carried out, the Rumanian troops do not
hesitate to openly violate the Yureslav integrity. On June 22
an anti-tank wcoden mire thrown in from Rumania floated by the
river Tamis neer the Iuaoslav place Jasa Tomic in the Banat.
(130A - 3rd July, 1952)
TRIESTE AFD ROME IRREDNTISTS V?aANGLING OIER THe POSITION IN ZONE A
(Trieste, 2nd July)
Yesterday's Primerski Pnevre'A wrote about the resistance which
the Trieste irredentists are puteia: up against Rome, so that they can
get as much authority in Trieste, in connection with the carrying out
of the conclusions of the London conference. At one meeting held
last week in Udine, which was attended by the leader of the Trieste
,rredentists Bartoli, the secretary of the deMo-Christian Party in
irieste Redento Romano, and advocate Tannasco. in addition to the
Under-Secretary of the Presidency of the Government in Rome
Andreotti, the matter of the electien of persons who would take the
places of the former General Directer for Civilian Affairs in
Trieste and General Whitelaw and the leader of the so-called direc-
torate in the dividion for internal affairs was primarily discussed.
At the meeting they also discussed who would be the Italian
Folitical Ccuneellor in the Allied 1.,i1itary Government.
(Sd.) M.P.
(BORBA - 3rd July, 1952).
ITALIAN TRADE DELEGATION ARRIVES IN ZAGRa TODAY
(Zagreb, 2nd July)
4n It m Olian, trade delegeti of nine izembers who will moat
rep.rese:ritatives of the Yugoslav timber induatries will arrive in
Zagreb tomorrow. At this meeting which will last several days all
important questions will be dealt with concerning i,deeter exchanges
in the timber trade and the products of the timber industry between
our country and
(Sd.) M.B.
(POLITIKA - 3rd July, 1952).
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HOW THE MONEY OBTAINED FROM SALE OF GOODS RECEIVED AS AID HAS BEEN USED
TIn connection with -t-He dinar execution of the first USA economic aid
to Yugoslavia)
The rest of the dinar funds of the USA economic aid to Yugoslavia
given in foodrarticles will soon be spent. It is possible to give now
a- complete review of the aid received in food, to appraise the
significance of that aid to our peoples during the disastrous.drought
Of 1950 and also to give a review of the expenditure of dinar counter-
part obtained by the distribution of the aid upon the basis of the
agreement concluded between the two governments.
As the American Secretary of State, Dean Acheson, said in his
report to Congress, the USA started carrying out its program of aid
to Yugoslavia by the decision of President Truman before the formal
introduction of the law on aid0 immediately after the Yugoslav
Government applied for aid in food articles. On the basis of that,
the carrying out of the first installment of aid from means approved
by the Government of the USA began in November of 1950. The second
installment embraced the needs which the USA Congress voted through
within the framework of the "Law on Aid to Yugoslavia in 1950."
It was envisaged to send in the first installment 248,900 tons
of foodstuffs to?the value of 31.4 million dollars and in the second
installment, 272,446 tons to the value of 38 million dollars?i.e.,
a total of 521,346 tons of foodstuffs to the value of 69.4 million
dollars.
However, the actual carrying out of this has been greater, so
that by June 30, 1951 there was delivered a total of 524,298 tons--
namely, 17,129 tons of wheat, 142,092 tons of-wheat flour, 116,297
tons of maize, 27,657 tons-of maize flour, 94094,tons of.barley,'
oats-and.animal fodder, 55,571 tons of beans and peas, 35,132 tons of
fats, 20,015 tons?of sugar, as well as powdered milk and.powdered
eggs, canned meat, seeds and honey.
The greatest part of the products were imported direct from the
USA with the exception of a quantity of flour (about 100,000 tons)_
delivered by order of the ECA from Germany and Italy and 20,000 tons
Of sugar from Cuba.
It was originally planned to transport 33% of the total aid by
our vessels but due to transport difficulties in the world a consider-
ably greater quantity was transported by our vessels. In addition to
this, our railways and other means of transport have done a big job
by quickly delivering the goods to the remotest parts of our country.
If we consider our total requirements in different articles, then
the aid in foodstuffs has been satisfying 20% of our requirements in
wheat, 37.48% in .oats, 75,11% in beans and peas, 6612% in fats,
23.38% in maize, 73% in sugar, 43.83% in barley and so on. From this
it can be seen that this has been a serious aid to the peoples of
Yugoslavia to help them surmount the consequences of the 1950 drought,
By a special agreement concluded on January 60 1951 in Belgrade
between the Governments of the. USA and Yugoslavia, it was envisaged
that the funds obtained from the sale of food articles from the aid
program would be spent for social and health protection and for other
purposes agreed to by the two governments. A part of the funds
obtained from the sale of goods supplied by MDAP and through the
Export-Import Bank has been left at the free disposal of our Government.
The balance of 1,944,070,204 dinars after deduction Of 10% for technical
aid and for expansion of work in the realm of agriculture and medicine
(194,407,020 dinars), namely a total of 1,749,663,184 dinars, has been
distributed according to a special plan made on the basis of mutual
agreement.
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Under this plan, dinar funds have been distributed in this way:
for equipping homes of social institutions and schools, 600 million;
for food, 934 million; for clothing and footwear, 166 million. A
total sum of 1,700 million dinars has been distributed and the rest
has been distributed where it is most urgently needed. This amount
has been distributed among the republics aa follows: Serbia, 556
million; Croatia, 462 million; Slovenia, 239 million; Bosnia and
Hercegovina, 213 million; Macedonia, 162 million and Montenegro, 68
million. On the basis of this distribution, the republics have made
their own plans of expenditure accordLng to requirements.
According to data given by the Commission for Extraordinary
Purchases of the Government of the FPRY, a total of 1,431,300,000
dinars was spent by the end of May. The rest of the money will be
distributed and will be completely spent by the end of July of this
year. This means that the money obtained from the sale of goods
received as aid will also be completely spent according to the
conditions of the agreement.
It is further neceseary to mention that the aid has been used
according to requirements: in Serb le by 899 social and health institu-
tions; in Croatia, 367; in Slovenia, 263; in Bosnia anq Hercegovina,
390; in Macedonia, 47 and in Montenegro, 80--that is to say, a total
of 2046 institutions in the whole of the country. Until the end of
April, the number of individuals whcs benefitted by these means was
on a monthly average: in Serbia, 6C,646; in Croatia, 39;245; in
Slovenia, 28,717; in Bosnia and Hercegovina, 23,610; in Macedonia,
16,288 and in Montenegro, 8,654--an average of 176,560 persons per
month. The means which have been ear:larked for technical aid serve
for the needs of our scholarship stunts and for covering the
expenditures of visits by foreign experts to our country as well as
for .buying technical books, libraries, publications, etc.
In his report to the American Ccngress, Secretary of State Dean
Acheson emphasized that the American observers had had full freedom
of movement in our country and had everywhere met with full under-
standing and cooperation of Yugoslav agencies. It should be mentioned
that on the whole, during the en7.,ire period when the aid was arriving
in the country, while it was beie distributed and at the time of the
spending of the money obtained from the sale of the goods received as
aid, there always existed the closest, friendly cooperation on all
questions among our agencies, representatives of tha American Embassy
and American observers who had always emphasized the correct carrying
out of the aid agreement by the Yugoslav Government.
The aid which Yugoslavia has received has been given without any
demands of a political or economic nature-, and the peoples of Yugo-
slavia have appraised it as a friendly gesture of the American people
towards a people who had found itself in a difficult situation.
Therefore, it is understandable that the carrying out of the aid has
met with broad sympo.thies in our country.
(BORBA - 3rd July, 1952)
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THIS IS AN ENCLOSURE TO
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JOINT T
ANSLATION SERVICE STATINTL
SUMMARY OF THE YUGOSLAV PRESS
This Bulletin contains translations from Yugoslav newspapers and periodicals. It is intended for the use of
the participating missions and not for general distribution. Accuracy of the translations is not guaranteed.
No. 654
INDEX
P.1. Headlines of Politika of the 4th July
FROM POLITIKA OF THE 29TH JUNE
New Method of Dealing in Foreign Exchange
FROM BORBA OF THE 1ST JULY
4th July 1952
P.3. Trieste After Seven Years (Article by M. Petrinic)
P.9. Seven Railway Lines Under Construction in Bosnia
FROM BORBA OF THE 2ND JULY
P.6. Reorganisation of the Economic Apparatus of Bosnia and
Hercegovina
Sentencing of Chetnik Judge
FROM BORBA OF THE 3RD JULY
P.7. Conference of Youth Leaders in Croatia: Speech by
Vladimir Bakaric
What Is Hindering Co-operation Between the State and Orthodox
Church (Article by Toso Popovic)
FROM POLITIKA OF THE 4TH JULY
P.5. Representatives of US Defense Ministry to Pay Friendly Visit
to Yugoslavia
Military Delegation from Burma Visits Enterprises in Rijeka
Ministers Representing Guatemala and Costa Rica Visit
Factories in Zagreb
*
P.13. Member of:Burmese Delegation Lectures in CC of Federation of
Yugoslav Syndicates
Ivan Ribar Congratulates Harry Truman on US Independence Day
P.14. Visit of Greek Parliamentary Delegation to Yugoslavia: Mutual
Understanding (Editorial)
P.15. Reception in Yugoslav Legation in Athens in Honour of
Members of Greek Parliamentary Delegation
Greek Parliamentary Delegation Arrives in Belgrade Tonight
Stop Press: Greek Delegation Arrived in Yugoslavia This Morning
P.16. The Question of Trieste Ought to be Settled Between Yugoslavia
and Italy, Says Trygve Lie at Viennese Press Conference
Possibility of Greater Export of Yugoslav Timber to Italy
P.17. American National Holiday (Editorial)
********
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HEADLINES
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Po.LITjjc-A, 4th July 1952
P.1, VISIT OF GREEK PARLIAMENTARY DELEGATION TO YUGOSLAVIA1 MUTUAL
UNDERSTANDING
RECEPTION IN YUGOSLAV LEGATION IN ATHENS IN HONOUR OF
MEMBERS OF DELEGATION
Delegation arriveu in Belgrade tonight
Upon the suggestion of Marshal tito,the Federal Government
has allocated 25 million dinars to the town of Pula for
its development
REPRESENTAIVE OF US DEFENCE MINISTRY PAYS FRIENDLY VISIT TO
YUGOSLAV ARMY
MILITARY DELEGATION FROM BURMA VISITS ENTERPRISES IN RIJEKA
4IAITSTER8 R,U3SENTIG GiJilTEMALA AND COSTA RICA VISIT THE
FACTORY ',RADE KONCAR" IN ZAGREB
THE WORLD IN WHICH WE LIVE: WITCHHUNT (Artie 1 by Miroslav
Radoicic on the world situation)
Western Europe and Germany: Western Powers adopt text of
answer to Soviet Note
P.2. Letter from Paris: is there unity in the policy of the Western
Powers? Reaction to London talks in France (Article by
B.Draskovic)
AMERICAN NATIONAL HOLIDAY (Editorial)
Trygve Lie in Vienna: Austria has long fulfilled conditions
for reception into the UN, UNO General Secretary tells
Austrian Premier:
Trygve Lie speaking in Austrian Parliament
Soviet soldiers stop hygve Lie's car
Carinthian Slovenes are -.17;c longer a stumbling.bleck-in
relations between Yugoslavia and Austria says Sloveral:Fi
Slovene-Carinthian newspaper
Acheson considers that Austria should not-apply to the 1114
Events in Persia: Mossadeq will submit Government resignation:
* Publication of Persian Government's reply to Soviet Note
P.3. The anger of the poonle of Yugoslavia.against the unprovoked
crime of Cominform agents: about 50,000 Belgrade citizens
accompany the body of the People's hero :jukic: about
70,000 citizens pay homage before his beir:
Speech by Minister Rista Antunovic
Farewell in the name of the People's Assembly of the FPRY
Commemoration in Serbian Ministry of the Interior
P.4. Meeting of the Council for Legislation and Development of the
People's Authority: findings of the Economic Council on the
reorganisation of activity of the economic apparatus adopted:
regulations on pensions and invalid allowances prepared:
People's Committees and enterprises still get 451 clerks
and experts
Carrying out of reorganisation of economic-legal agencies of
B&H
End of conference in Chief State Arbitration: enterprise for the
expert improvement of arbitration: preparations for the
development of full general facilities for trade
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P.4, THERE EXISTS THE POSS1biLITY OF GRE'TER EXPORT OF OUR TIMBER
TO ITALY
Meeting of CC of Yugoslav Federation of Syndicates: syndicate
organisations must sharpen their struggle for the protection
Jf the people's property
New regulations: pensions ani invalid allowances fixed accord-
ing to professional skill an6 length of service
P.5. A group of clerks inflicts a million dinars worth of damage on
Bor mines: various falsifications end embezzlements carried
out
For the development of the Buje district 273 million dinars has
been allocated
MEMBER OF THEBUFWIF,S....3 _JELTI,GAT1oN LECTURES IN THE CC OF THE
FEDE:'.ATIff OF Ylv,10LAV SYNDICATE3
Programme for the celebration of the Day of the Serbian People's
Revolt, 7th July, in Belgrad.a.
P.8. :VAN RIBAR CONGRATULATES HARRY TRUMAN ON US ADEPENDENCE DAY
THE QUESTION OF TRIESTE OUGHT TO BE SETTLED BEMEN YUGOSLLVIA
AND ITALY SAYS TRYCVE LIE IN VIENNESE PRESS CONFERENCE
Soviet authorities carried out Katyn massacre: confirmation of
report in Special Committee of American Congress
*Czechqslaovak legislation brought into line with that of
Soviet Union
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IOW
TRIESTE AFTER SEVEN .YEARS.
Trioste greeted us with a blazing summor day, advertisements for
Italian factories, Italian gas "Pibigas", banks, Neapolitan, Sicilian commercial,
and also the Italian credit bank, the headquarters of the irredentist, expansion-
ist, Italian agency, "Lege nazionale" and with exclusively Italian notices.
There are Italian inscriptions on the streets, shops, cafes,
squares, advertisements, posters.... We crossed the streets; D'Annunzio,
Genoa, Roma. Wo, read the inscriptions: Piazza Venezia, Via San Lazar?, IT:la
Santa Lucia, San Marco, San Maurizio, San. Nicole, San Sebastian, San Giorgio,
San Giacomo, etc. As if the whole .of Italy, together with all the saints in the
calendar, had removed to Trieste.
At the central bus station, where buses s tort for all parts of
Zone A, I scanned the big timetables in -vain for Slovenian towns arid villages:
Nabrozinal Prosek, Davin, Sveti Kriz, Zgonik, Donna. Subs tituted for these
names, we road: .Aurizira, Prosocco, Monsupino, Santa Crocco, Zgoniao, and even
San Dorligo della Vale for Donna,
Wo tried in vain to find any Slovenian notices. But instead of
this, we came across people who spoke Slovonian. We found them even In the
centre of the city, but to a greater extent on its outskirts.
Tuscan wolves.
About a ki" -etre or two from the Italian frontier, on the main
road from Trieste to Italy, before you get to Davin, we saw an ordinary monu-
ment. On a rock at the side of the road itself, two wolves are in a watchful
attitude, ready to leap, - one crouching, and the other with raised and extended
head, both with gaping jaws - they gazed at us and past us to the Yugoslav fron-
tiers.
The Italian inscription below the wolves read: "19th October,
1930, or Year Eight of the Fascist ora"...
The original wolves were destroyed ? in 1945. In. November, 1951,
the Italian and Triestine irredentists hastened to revive the memory of the
"Tuscan wolves". Beneath them a marble tablet bore this inscription:
"The Association of Tuscan Wolves from Bergamo:), Brescia, Milan,
and the Federation of Triestine Voterans of the holy ridge of Timava have re-
erected the monument in memory of the glory of the old brigade of wolves of the
77E and 78 infantry regiment. A reminder, an example and a hope..."
The feeling everywhere in Zone A is that this hope is not only
a hope. The desire of conquest has revived, not by force of arms, it is true,
but in all other forms.
In the stops of the occupier.,
We passed through the Slovene villages. of-D.6*in, Sveti Kriz,
Sesljan, Prosaic. 'Wo oonversed with our Slovene people..
A big new sottleMent is being built in Dovin -. for Italian fisher-
men.
In Svoti Kriz they are trying to take away from the Slovene fisher-
men even the little which they have with such difficulty obtained possession of.
}Wore the war nm n Slovene families built five small .but for
storing their fishing tackle. Those huts were damaged by an explosion during the
war. Tho fishermen managed somehow to repair them quickly and asked for means
to complete the operation. They received nothing.
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Recently the port captain summoned the owners of these huts.
Thneraaa-fae-tande_carac along. They were first of all pleasantly and courteously
received. --
They were told: "Iihat do you 'want with theso old huts? Give
them up. WO shall erect a new building on that site. It would be better to
keep your things in a fine big building which does not leak."
The fishermen then asked whether it would be their building.
They replied that it would not be theirs but that they could use
it - if they paid a monthly rental.
Those in the port cretain's office shruzged: "You won't? Very
well. Ve shall erect the new building near by, and leave you with what re-
mains to you."
"But what about the war damage?" the mon persevered.
"You aro Late in submitting your application, and can no longer
receive compensation for war darage."
In 1903 - as the flahormen of Sveti Kriz relate - an open con-
flict came about between them and the fishermen who cam from Italy with well
equipped boats and who) fishjng in Triestine waters) deprived the resident fisher,-
men of their living. In that battle the Italian fishormon killed four Slovenes
at sea: Verginello) Sulcic, Bizino and Sedmak.
"And today)" say the Slovene fishermon of Sveti Kriz) "fishermen
from Italy are avain sailing our sea along cur coast."
"With their nets they remove our nets which we leave in the sea
for two or three days for special catches," say the fishermen.
Throe or four years ago there wore about eighty Elavene fishemen
in Svoti Kriz. There are only half that number now.
But, although the fiehermen of Svoti Kriz are giving up fishing,
because they cannot withstand the over .ex-eesing Italian competition, although
they are going to work in the city or at road-mending, or are being left unem-
ployed, they are unwininE to sell their fishing equipment. They lock it up
in their huts and await better days, which they firmly believe will come.
The visit continues.
Two Slovene families totalling 12 members live in a small house
in Sesljan. The fathers of the families and one son fish. The proceeds of
fishing average 30,000 Lire a month. The wife of one of them works in a house
and earns 10,000 Lire a month. Twelve laconie live on a total of 40,000 Lire a
month, or 3,333 Lire each. This is so little, that any less would be quite out
of the question. Recently a road was built across a small section of their
garden, in front of the house, Nobody asked them for the land, as it was said
that the land was not theirs. At the same time a few stops were constructed
leading from the road to the rise where their cottage is situated. They were
told they would have to pay fcr this. During the operations, a section of the
ceiling of their house fell in as a result of the blasting. NO one will pay for
this.
A big camp with barracks has been erected in Svoti Krim for
Italian refugees. Sixteen barracks have been built to accommodate 60 refugee
families. In this way the Slovene village of Sveti Kriz should take on an
Italian character.
The tracks of the occupier load one further to Opcine, right along
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the coast towards the demarcation lino between Zones A and B at Zavljo,, They
load from one end of the coast to the othcro
Actor seven years much, of this has boon changed? Only those
people who occupied positions in the civil service remained as they were before,
but they make use of the old, tried met hods
One other thing hs remained the same as before. Tho resolution
and hardiness of the people, who arc continujng to fight with all their strength
against the hostile aspirations of Italy, still romain
(Sod) Mo Petrinic.
(EORBA 1st July, 1(952.)
REPRESENTATIVE OF US DEFENCE MINISTRY T, ]AY FRIENDLY VIS T__TO
YUGOSLAV ARMY
It is.annolneed that two high officers of the US Ministry of
Defence , Major-General George R. Olmstead, chief of the Office for
Military Aid, an Major-General Claude B. Edelman, deputy assistant
head of General Staff, will pay a friendly visit to. the Yuposlav
People's Army. These high-ranking officers are expeteC to arrive
in Belgrade on 7th July. They will visit many parts of Yugoslavia
(Tanjug).
(P91-ZIJK..A
4th July 1952)
MILITARY DELEGATION FROM BURMA VISIT ENTERPRISE6 IN RIJEKA
(RijeTE 3rd JulyT--
The military delegation from Burma which is visitng Yugoslavia
arrived in Rijeka yesterday, Members of the delegation visted
the enterprise "Aleksander Rankovic" and the ship-building yard
"Trod i maj"and inspected their acheivments. N.B.
(POLITIKA - 4th July 1952)
MINISTERS REPRESENTING GUATEMALA AND COSTA RICA VISIT FACTRY
KONCAR_AT.ZAGREB
TZagreb 3rd
In Zagreb Zagreb today the Guatemalan Minister in Yugoslavia Francisco
C. Calvez, and the Costa Rican Minister in Yugoslavia Teodor B.
Castro visited the factory "Rade Koncar".and other institutions.
In the factory "Rade Koncar" they inspected new products destined
to be exported to their countries. They were especially interested
to be informed concerning the actual methods of working adMinistra-
tion in this kind of large enterprise. /s/ M. B.
(POLITIKA - 4th July 1952)
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THE REORGANISATION OF THE ECONOMIC APPARATUS OF BOSNIA AND
F&ICEGOVINA
The Economic Council of the Government of Bosnia and
Hercegovina at its yesterday's meeti6g discussed the
reorganisation of the council and the abolishment of central
directorates and directorates of the Economic Council, of ?
the Council cif Industry, the Council bf tgriculture and
Forestry, the Council of' Building Industry and Communa:e
and the Council cf Trade. All business of the present economic
apparatus will in future be carried by the secretariat through
its economic-planning end executive-leg:2 deper*,ele:etd, Beside
this secretariat an office for budeet will be set up. The
commercial and catering ceember w.11 to a great extent take over
the business of the Council of Trade.
About 330 experts will be able to be transferred to people's
committees, enterprises, hicth schools and C;te:. a :ter the
reorganisation of the Economic Council and the abolishment of the
epparatus-of other councils and ministries of Finance. About 150
employees, from which 24 with Iniversity degrees nld 62 with complete
secondary school will be transferred to people's committees and
about 150 -employees, from which 21 with Aiiversity degree and
51 with complete secondary school in the enterprises outside
Sarajevo. Thirty employees will be engaged in Sarajevo enterprises,
and more than 100 of them in enterprises and people's committees
in the interior of the country. The Secretariat of the Economic
Council will comprise something over 100 qualified and a smaller
number of assistant clerks.
72 employees with liniversity degrees and secondary school
are transferred from the Council of Industry to people's committees,
Those are highly qualified and qualified economic-financial and
commercial and administrative employees eg long standing.
Commissions have already been set up which are preparing the
transfer of business, investment for project and other businesses
of the Council and directorates to enterprises.
(BORBA - 2nd July, 1952)
SENTENCING OF CETNIK JUDGE
Yesterday the Jury of the County Court for the city of
Belgrade pronounced a sentence against Mirko Djurdjevic, former
driver from Belgrade, who as a follower of the Cetnik organisation
of Draza Mihajlovic dencunced during the occupation followers and
fighters of the National Liberatien Movement.
Once ho denounced the member of the ELM Bogomir Petrovic
from the village of Jarmenovac, to the Fascist organisation of
LiotidZbor after whth Petrovic was arrested. As an intelligence
ag6nt of the Cetniks,Djordjevic was a member .;-.5f the Court Martial
which condemned to death the arrested partisan Vitomir Obrenovic
"Lazar".
In the course of the trial Djordjevic stated that he wished
"to save men" by taking part in the activity of the organisation of
Draza Mihajlovic. The Jury rejected this defenee of his. In
1944 when the enemy military formations and the lone I trafbrel
were dispersed, he escaped to Bosnia with the remnants of the Cetnik
forces which clearly denotes his hostile attitude towards the
National Liberation Movement.
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The Jury of the County Court for the city of Belgrade
sentenced Mirko Djurdjevic to 12 years' strict imprisonmhnt
and restriction of civil rights in the duration of three years
after the expiration of the penalty.
(BORBA - 2nd July, 1952)
CONFERENCE OF YOUTH LEADERS IN CROATIA: SPEECH BY VLADIMIR BAKARIC
ON PROBLEMS OF YOUTH ORGANInTIONS
The three days' conference of youth leaders from the entire
Croatia on which actual problems and tasks of youth organisations
were discussed,nded today. The Secretary of the Politburo of the
CC CP of Croatia Ir. Vladimir Bakaric with the members of the
Politburo Nikola Sekulic and Miko Spiljak were present at this
meeting.
Speaking about the results achieved by the youth organisation
in Croatia, Dr, Vladimir Bakarie aeirnowThdged great .13ccaes,flo
scred by the youth in consolidatin,; the onranisation during the past
year. However, stressed comrade Bakaric, some deficiencies are
not yet removed in youth organisations, especially reirding alround
political activity among the youth. Party and oteer political
organisations in Croatia will offer in the future work still more
help to the youth organisations especially in the work among
the working youth and the youth in villages,
Speaking about new tasks of the organisation of People's
Youth comrade Bakaric particularly underlined the importane of
stabilizing and raising the political consciousness of the youth.
This strengthening, that is, creating organisations in which the
best members of the youth will be assembled., should be carried
out by means of an ,,ffLcient program whose execution ?
will be performed by gathering the best young people from towns and
villages.
(BORBA - 3rd July, 1952)
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NEW METHOD OF DEALING IN FOREIGN EXCHANGE
As of July 1st of this year there will be a new regime in
the realm of foreign Grade and dealings in foreign exchange.
The basic character of the new regime is that it will abolish
the old administrative way of dealing in foreign exchange in foreign
countries. The new regime gives a possibility to the economic
organisations to freely and independently operate in foreign trade
and foreign exchange. The economic organisations will thus be able
to fully develop their own intiative in selling gacds on foreign
markets or in importing necessary materials or other goods for the
needs of their manufacture or for sale on free home markets.
Free dealings by exporters and importers
Exporters and Importers will be able to export and import
goods without obtaining licences, permissions to make payments
and so on. This means-that exaorters and importers will have a free
hand. This means also that cur eacnomic organisations will be quite
independent with respect to both dealings in goods and dealings in
foreign exchange and that they will be able to independently base
their operations upon their buainess and financiql possibilities.
Restriction of export or import of certain products may take place
cnly through ban on export and import placed by competent state
agencies in view of internal requirements and abilities of our
economy.
Givin f necessar
WO
rking capital in dinars
The basic regulators of the new regime are working capitals
given in dinars to economic organisations and the system of
coefficients i.e. the system of regulating differences between
prices on home and foreign markets.
The giving of necessary working capital to economic organisations
will be done for a purpose of ersuring their normal internal operations
determined by proportions of social plan. Those economic organisations
which need more capital because of their expanded trade on foreign
markets will be given supplementary capital.
In giving necessary working capital to economic enterprises for
their foreign trade dealings attention will be paid to co-ordinate
the volume of working capital given for import businesses with
the volume of capital given for the carrying out of exports and
with the existing foreign exchange system in the country.
Consequently the new regime of foreign trade and foreign exchange
there can not be any more impprtant derangements, while a possibility
has been given to economic enterprises to operate freely and
independently.
Equalization of Prices on the basis of the existing dinar paritx
With the introduction oftle system of coefficients there will
bat'established an approximate equalization of the level of prices
:an home markets with the level of prices on foreign markets on the
basis of the existing dinar parity. In other words by making up
for or deducting the dinar difference which appears between home
and foreign prices in the case of certain products, the official
parity (rate) of dinar will be ensured. By this system of
coefficients all the importers and exporters dealing in the same
commadityare placed in equal position . The general conditions for
business for all of them will thus be equal.
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WHAT IS HINDERING CO-OPERATION BETWEEN THE STATE AND THE ORTHODOX
CRUTM7T-
The Holy Synod of the Serbian Orthodox Church held a meeting
recently in Belgrade. One of the most important questions was the
problem before and after this meeting, the recognition of the
Association of Serb Orthodox Priests, From talks which took place
prior to the meeting and statements which were made by individual
bishops, one could have concluded that there would be no hindrances
to solving this problem favourably. However, the Synod refused
by a majority to recognise the activities of the A'ssociation,
Perhaps this matter might looklikca purply internal affair of
the Church. However this is not so, This decision of the Holy
Synod shows that it is a question of refusing recognition of an
organisation because it is devoted to the building-up and progress
of socialist Yugoslavia. Therefoo.e it is necessary to refer to
this problem and explain it to our public.
112...pEesent work of tku Associ.t772a
As far back as 1945 patriotic Serb Orthodox priests attempted
to form their Association w-fl,h the objective of a closer co-opera-
tion with organs of public authority, The association was
necessary in regard to the needs of solving class problems of priests,
In 1947 the AsSociation of Serb Orthodox Priests was formed
in all our republics. At the beinning of 1949 the Federation of
Serb Orthodox Priests of Yugoslavia was created, The membership
of the Association amounts to 1,700 members or 80% of Serb
Orthodox priests in the country. Outside the Association are
mainly only those priests who during the war collaborated with the
occupier and with local traitors and are today hostilely disposed
towards the building-up of socialism in our country, According to
statutes; the main task of the Association is to solve the class
problems, include priests in the activity of the PF and other mass
organisations, to co-operate with the People's Authority and help
with the building up of the country, to protect the achievements
of the People's Liberation Struggle and particularly the brother-
hood and unity and equality of our people,
In theq)J,Jet:pdriod the Association realised its programme
successfully. According to data which the Federation possesses
81 priest's I-Arere- elected as organs of the People's Authority, 201
in state economic enterprises and 527-priests are on duty in the
P F, all are members of the Red Cross, where 452 work actively,
122 work in co-operatives and there are 60 who work in peasant
working co-operatives. In the War Veterans Association 64 priests
are members. In cultural-educational societies 220 priests work.
Most of the members ofothe Association are members of the.PFp etc.
The Association of Serb Orthodox Priests has achieved
successes with the help of the state in solving material problems
of their members. We have secured for them the most vital material
means for activities in the Church,
In short, such is the work of the Association. Therefore,
there are no reasons whatsoever that they should not be recognised,
And vet why_has not the Association been rells2gEj.sed?
In the beginning, when the Association was created, individual
reactionary Bishops ignored its. existence, They considered it as
"an association of individuals", "of those who have linked them-
selves up with this authority", but, when it grew into an
organisation which assembled the majority of the clergy, then they
attempted by all means to disrupt it or to subjugate it to them-
selves, In order to achieve this they did not choose means, The
Association was proclaimed as illegal, the bishops exerted pressure
on progressive priests, punishing them and 'transferring them, and
all the priests who were outside the Association were forbidden to
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The question arises from .el-e e-ne such a reactionary
attitude of the bishops towards the Association of Priests?
Has it not perhaps been organised contrery to Church rules?
The Association is criticised that by itS creatien it
destroys the episcopal character of the Church, However, that is
not the question at all. The Association is only a class organi-
sation Which has the task of deciding ueon only class problems and
to co-operate-with the People's Authority in the building-up of a
better future. The AssociRtion is also criticised purely from
the formal side that.it shoUld hnve been organised t:y bishoprics
and not by republics, that the rules of the Association should
have been approved by the Synod. Pnd not by the Priests' Assembly
and similar.
As one can see from all th::.s,there are no justified reasons
that the Association shouldriot be recognised. This negative
decision of the Hcy Synod has not therefore a purely Church
character as its protagonist, would like to present - a reactionary
bishop. On the contrery, it is the question concerning a decision
which has shown clearly that one part of the bishops wishes pur-
posely to conclemn the Assoc-tion of Serb Orthodox Priests for the
sole reason that :;t has shonn it readiness to co-operate with
public anthorities. nnd to oontribute from its side as much as
possible in the struegle for the bending of socialism and safe-
guarding of the independence of cur country.
The policy of our state tcwards the Church is directed to
creating relations of co-operation. The Federation of Associations
of Serb Orthodox Priests of Yugoslavia and individuel bishops
accepted such co-operation. ,They joined the struggle which the
people of Yugoslavia are leading for a better future. Thanks to
that, they created an atmosphere of mutual understanding and
co-operation. This resulted in an agreement between the state
and the Serb Orthodox Church concerning social insurance of Serb
Orthodox priests. The Gevernment will give this year about 85
million dinars for this social ineurance. During the past year the
state gave n:aterial aid to the Orthodox Church amounting to 20
million dinars, and this yeai t has given,up till now, about 16
million dinars. Besides this, the governments of the ?Rs give
further aid to the priests.
However, some of the bishops who are hostilely disposed
towards socialist Yugoslavia, amongst whom are particularly common
Jovan Ilic, Emilijan P iperkcevic, Josif Cvijanovic, Simeon
Stankovic, Arsenige BradvareVioi liakarije Djordjevic and Vasilje
Kostic, did not agree with them, particularly in regard to the
settlement of relations, participation of priests in the work of
mass organisations, their support of public authority and so forth.
In such a situation they are incapable of crploiting the Serb
Orthodox priests for their sinister plans es it is sometimes done
by their -Catholic brethren
This is the main reason for their strivings and hostile work
to destroy the AssociatThn of,Serb Orthodox Priests in the very
beginning of its creation and .now work that the Holy Synod should
not recognise it. On the other side, they have in this way lent
support to all hostilely disposed priests who are outside the
Assoeiation.
The Association of Serb Orthodox Priests of Yugoslavia
which in its present work has given proofs of love and attachment
to the homeland will certainly not permit that these bishops make
their further fruitful activity impossible.
One should not wonder why the above-mentioned bishops came
forward in this manner because most of them collaborated with the
enemy during the war, and after.the liberation acted openly in a
hostile manner. It is strange, however, that these reactionary
elements succeeded that their attitude should prevail in the Holy
Synod._
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At a time when the relations between the state and the Serb
Orthodox Church take the road of co-operation, which should be in
any case continued, one must not permit such an open anti-people
activity of this group of reactionary bishops, That it is not the
question which concerns internal Church affairs but that it is an
open hostile activity, which after al], does not end here, is
proved by their attitude towards the Association of Sorb Orthodox
Priests and therefore such activities cannot be and must not be
calmly tolerated.
Our working men cannot yet understand how it is possible that,
even beside the help which our state gives to the Serb Orthodox
Church an achieved co-operation can permit hostile activities of a
group of bishops.
This is not in the interests of the Serb Orthodox Church nor
in the interests of our c ountry,
Therefore such a hostile act of the reactionary bishops should
be sharply condemned,
e.
(2(.,) TOSO POPOVSKI
(BOTTA - 3rd July., 1952)0
MEMBER OF THE BURMESE DELEGATION LECTURES IN THE CC OF THE FEDERATION
OF YUGOSLAV SYNDICATES
One of the members of the Burmese delegation staying in Yugo-
slavia, Co Njen, General Secretary of the Burmese Anti-Fascist
People's League of Freedom, gave a lecture yesterday morning in
the Central Committee of the Federation of Yugoslav Syndicates.
He gave an outline of the history of the struggle of the Burmese
people and of their current problems, as well as the problems of
the syndicates and of social security and development in his country,
to leading syndicate officials of Yugoslavia. In addition, he spoke
of the popularity of Yugoslavia and Yugoslav experience in Burma.
Present at the lecture was the President of the Central Committee
of the Federation of Yugoslav Syndicates, Djuro Salaj.
(POLITIKA - 4th July, 1952)
IVAN RIBAR CONGRATULATES HARRY TRUMAN ON US INDEPENDENCE DAY
On the occasion of Independence Day of the USA, the President
of the Praesidium of the PA of the FPRY has sent the following
congratulatory message to Harry Truman, President of the USA:
"On the occasion of Independence Day of the USA I have very
great pleasure in conveying to your Excellency on behalf of the
Praesidium of the PA of the FPRY the most sincere congratulations
and best wishes for the progress of the people of the USA.
President Ivan Ribar"
(POLITIKA - 4th July, 1952)
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VISIT OF GREEK PARLIAMENTARY DELEGATION TO YUG SLAVIA: MUTUAL
rOTTSTODING
The arrival of the Greek Parliamentary delegation in our
country marks no doubt further progress in Yugoslav-Greek relations.
I'll
On both sides the exists the wish for mutual_acquaintanceship and
rapprochemeneZduld develop. As direct neighbours, the Greek end
Yugoslav people are naturally directed to mutual co-operation on
the economic, political and scientific-cultural sector, Each step
made in this direction is of mutuel interest. in mutual relations
the so-far unsolved problems shouTal not represent a hindrance
because they can be solved and because both parties are conscious
of their impertance.
It is important that there exists a mutual wish for co-opera-
tion, while the forms in vhich it will develop can always te
established and hareionised with the development of neighbourly
relations.
In our country there exists always understanding for every
friendly step and for well-intentioned co-operation. No hand
offered sincerely to us was refure':, Yugoslevie in regard to this
does not make any differences ben the nations, believing that
they are basically devoted to peaeeloving relations and liable to
cherish mutual respect and coel'ideee, But therefore it is vital
to separate these yearnings of tee people from the imperialist
policy. In their past, as far heck as the rising at the beginning
of the last century, the Balkan neoples suffered injustices and
destruction because foreign hegemeny was forced. upon them and
because the vital interests were neglected and sacrificed to plans
of different Czarist, Kaiser and i'escist conquerors, Confronted
with such dangers, the Balkaal peoples proffered a hand to each
other generally and helped each cher mutually. The Yugoslav and
the Creek peoples in these momente of trial and struggle for exist-
ence stood by each other.
Thanks to these moments which illuminate the past of Yugoslav
and Greek relations, the preaent aeeps for rapprochement of both
the countries demand no particuler explanations because the broadest
masses in both the countries feel and interpret ehis rapprochement
as a quite natural occurrence, which is a result of good-neighbourly
relations. The more mail one has in mind that in this way not only
conditions between the two countries will be improved but that at
the same time dontribute to greater efforts to strengthen peace in
the Balkans and in the world in general.
All friends of international co-operation will greet on account
of that the improvement of Greek-Yugoslav relations. And particu-
larly by those who feel danger in front of their doors which
endangers the independence and free development of nations.
When one speaks about international co-operation for the defence
of security then one should say that our people - who are investing
today enormous efforts and sacrifices to protect their independence
and the building up of the future with their own proper forces -
have an understanding in regard to all efforts which are made by
other people to eliminate their economic and other difficulties, to
increase their internal forces for a more redid economic progress
and independent development.
Under present-day conditions of increased appetites and danger,
to small nations, which is in the first place the result of the
imperialist policy of Moscow and others who lay their money on
similar cards, particularly those who in the last war attacked both
Greece and Yugoslavia, every effort in the direction of raising and
developing in4rnal constructive and peace-loving forces finds
support with the democratic public. Such peaceloving efforts are
met always with sympathies and support of our peoples. The
strengthening of connections and the improvement of relations between
Yugoslavia and Greece has a greater importance tnen the settlement
of neighb4DitiManntribution
g2
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to international co-operation end safeguarding of security in
general.
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RECEPTION IN THE YUGOSLIO; LEGATION IN ATHENS IN HONOUR OF MEMBERS
OF THE GREEK PARLIAMENTARY DELEGATION
(Athens, 3rd July)
The Yugoslav Minister in Athens, Rados Jovanovic, gave a
reception last night in honour of the_rwmbs,rs. of. the Greek Parlia-
mentary Delegation which is arriving tomorrow in -Yugoslavia. In
cordial conversation- with the Yugoslav Minister, the Greek parlia-
mentarians interested themselves in conditions in Yugoslavia,
expressing their pleasure .at having the occasion to visit Yugoslavia.
They expressed the hope that their visit will contribute to the
further deepening of .Greek-Yugoslav relations.
THE GREEK PARLIAMENTARY DELEGATION ARRIVES :TONIGHT IN BELGRADE
According to programme, the delegation of Greek parliamentarians
arrives tonight in Belgrade. The Greek MPs are travelling by train
through Salonika, from where they will arrive this morning in Skoplje
and will remain there for half an hour.
The parliamentary delegation is headed by the President of the
Greek Parliament, Mr.Dimitrije Guno. As we have already ftholint:sd
the delegation will consist Of 17 Geek parliamentarians and they
will be accompanied by a group of Greek journalists,
It is foreseen that the Greek parliamentary delegation will
remain in Belgrade a few days after its arrival. After that the
guests will tour our country and visit indliridual places in Serbia,
where they will be present at the celebrations of the anniversary
of the Day of the People's Rising on 7th July, Although the pro-
gramme has not as yet been definitely fixed, it is presumed that the
Greek parliamentarians will visit the -Vojvodina, Croatia, Slovenia,
Bosnia and Hercegovina, Serbia and Macedonia, On this occasion they
will visit the Presidia of the People's Assemblies, get acquainted
With the activities of our People's Deputies and?beBidess they
will pay visits to individual industrial workers' collectives and
-peasant working co-operatives. It is considered that the Greek
parliamentary delegation will stay in our country until it''Ah Jul
GREEK DELEGATION, ARRIVED THIS MORNING IN OUU COUNTRY
(Djevdjelija, 4th July)
This morning at 1.50 a.m, the Greek parliamentary delegation
crossed the Yugoslav border and arrived at Djevdjelija, At the
railway station the delegation was met by representatives of the
People's Public Authoisity, mass organisations and the press. The
delegation was welcomed by the President of the District People's
Committee of Djevdjelija, DuSko Georgijev.
The Greek delegation is headed by t:-.18 prominent Greek politician
Dimitrios Gondikas, President of the Greek Parliament and member of
the Venezelos Liberal Party. The delegation which consists of 18.
members - MPs of different political parties of Greece, is
accompanied by two Greek journalists.
At 4.25 a.m, the delegation will leave by train for Skoplje,
namely for Belgrade, where. it will arrive tnnlght.
(POLITIKA - 4th July, 1952).
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THE QUESTION OF TRIESTE OUGHT TO BE SETTLED BETWEEN YUGOSLAVIA i',ND
ITALY SAYS TRYGVE LIE IN VIENNESE PRESS CONFERENCE
(Vienna, In July)
At a press conference today, Mr. Trygve Lies UN General
Secretary, said that he had come to Austria on the invitation of
the Austrian Government and that his visit had been planned some
time earlier. Since he had said that he would soon visit Western
Germany on the invitation of the Wt German Government, he
regretted that he had not receivec:. a similar invitation from the
Government of Eastern Germany. Ans,vering a question about the
possibility of the reception of Auseria into membership of the UN,
Trygve Lie said that the answer to this question did not depend
only on the UN but also on rher factors.
On being asked whet he thought of a solution of the Trieste
problem, Trygve Lie said that the UN had long been considecina this
problem-but thet they had not yet found the answer. "My opinion,"
he said, "is that this question sheuld be solved by agreement
between Yugosleeeia and Italy because it is to them that the solution
is of primary erseerest."
Finally, the General Secretary of the ? UN said that there were
three primary tasks before this.international organisation--securing
world peace, bringing technicalYto certain countries and securing
the rights of man. (Tenjug)
(P=TIKA - 4th July 1952)
THERE EXISTS THE POSSIBILITY OF GRELTER EXPORT OF OUR TIMBER TO ITALY
Italian timber trade experts arrived in Zagreb last night,
They will consult with our experts on the possibility of increasing
the export of our timber to Italy. The talks will be conducted in
Zagreb.
Yugoslav exporters consider thet the export of varicus kinds of
wood can be increased this yeer in es-Isch_as Italian trade can be
arranged with cur export enterprises. According to information from
the _Economic Section of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, it is
envisaged that 250,000 tens of verious sorts of timber will be sold
to Italian traders this year, but it is considered that existing
exports can be considerably increased- Last year we sent to Italy
about 250,000 tons of various kinds of timber, about 50,000 tons
less than the greatest postwar export, which was reached in 1949.
In comparison with the former prewar agreement, postwar export
slackened considerably. Thus in 1948 the amount exported was
700,000 tons; twice as much PS in 1949. The falling cff in timber
export to Italy came about because Yugoslavia considerably broadened
her export of wood to other European markets, particularly to Britain.
Besides this, in cur export circles it i8 believed tha's the falling
off of the volume of exchanges came about because of the unsatis-
factory commercial conditions of the Italian market. According to
the unofficial statements of informed persons, it is expected that
in the.conversations of our timber exporters and the Italians in
Zagreb, this question will be satisfactorily resolved.
(POLITIKA - 4th Julyl 1952
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THE AMERICAN NATIONAL HOLIDAY
The American people are celebrating today their greatest
state holiday - the Day of Independence.
The proclamation of American Independence took place on 4th
July 1776. The North American states were at that time colonial
possessions of the British Crown, However, on that day 13 American
states through their elected representatives assembled at the
Joats Congress decided unanimously to refute the fritish.Colonial
Rule and conclude amongst themselves a union of free independent
states.
This event is known under the name Declaration of Independence
and the American people consider this act as the most precious docu-
ment of its history. That which gives particular importance to the
declaration is not only the proclamation of independence but at the
same time the proclaiming of the principles upon which the American
states base their state community and independence They are the
principles of equality and solidarity, the princinles of the French
Revolution which was just on the threshold. The declaration pro-
claims as the highest principle thatthe Government exists only for
the happiness of the 'people and .:obtainE all authority through the
people,. In this way, the declaration has become the basis of the
complete American democracy which somewhat later Abraham Lincoln
formulated in his famous simple words "The Government of the people,
by the people, for the people.
Since .the proclamation of the Declaration of Independence 176
years have passed. In this period - not so long for the history of
a country, the American people made a gigantic rise: 30 colonies
without any rights transformed themselves in time into the United
States of America, which consists today of 48 states -
and represents today a world power of the first rank,
The development of American history,which. made America great
and powerful, was conditioned by many particular circumstances which
existed in the new world, But no doubt that this development was
influenced to a great'extent by the principles proclaimed in the
declaration, Thanks, besides great economic possibilities and to
these principles particularly the political, religious and national
tolerance, America has become for many people an attractive country.
In it arrived millions of impoverished foreigners from all parts of
the world, to whom'Europe no longer offered the possibility of
employment and who, by becoming Americans, contributed with their
work to progress and greatness of America, America is in fact more
or less the synthesis of all peoples and races in the world,
American history: as any other history, has its bright and
dark pages, But as a difference from the his-Lc: of other great
peoples in the time of flourishment of ?imperialism, America is not
imbued with wars of conquest.
Havi become powerful and great, America plays today an-
i ng important role in the world,' Their political standing-up against
the aggression of the Soviet Union and the help given to many
countries in their efforts to defend national independence - mean
today a struggle for the safeguarding of peace in the world which
all humanity yearns for.
(POLITIKA - 4th July, 1952).
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THIS IS AN ENCLOSURE TO
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JOINT TI'LANSLATION SEI' VICE STATINTL
SUMMARY OF THE YUGOSLAV PRESS
This Bulletin contains translations from Yugoslav newspapers and periodicals. It is intended for the use of
the participating missions and not for general distribution. Accuracy of the translations is not guaranteed.
No.655
Pel.
P.2.
*
FROM POLITIKA OF THE LTH JULY
*
F.3. The world in which we live: witchhunt (Article by. Miroslav
Radoicic)
INDEX
Headlines of Borba of the 5th July
Headlines of ?oldtikQ, of the 5th July
5th July, 1952.
FROM BORBA OF THE 5TH JULY
P.S.
P.6
US Ambassador's reception in honour of American national
holiday
French Assembly ratifies egresment on compensation for French
property in YuLoslavia
Leader of Indian Socialist delegation gives delegation's
impression of Yugoslavia
President of Spanish Republican Government will visit Yugo-
slavia
New agreement with United States on guarantees of United
States administration of Trust Loan (MSA)
Postponement of M. Spaak's visit
P..7. Visit of Greek Parliamentarians: statement by head of dele-
gation on arrival
P.8. FTT: anti-annexionist group protest against the inclusion of
Trieste Radio in Italian network
P.10. The position of the Slovene minority in Italy: discrimination
against Slovene schools in Gorizia
P.11. 2 tactics with one aim (Editorial)
FROM POLITIKA OF THE 5TH JULY
P.6, Soviet Union hastens to support Italian request regarding
Trieste
Niore than half a billion dinars from emergencyfunds will be
used for development of Yugoslav agriculture
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HEADLINES
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BORBA 5th July 1952
P.1. Political Chronicle: Macedonian assembly adopts'A number of
laws
Assembly of B.Sc.H. to meet on 13th July
VISIT OF GREEK PARI.IAMENTARY DELEGATION TO YUGOSLAVIA
STATEMENT BY HEAD OF DELEGATION ON ARRIVAL
TWO TACTICS -WITH ONE AIM (Editorial)
Marshal Tito visits Edward Kardelj (Illustration)
Koca Popovic convalesces on Brioni (Illustration)
The administration ofeconomy until the coming into force of th mew
constitutional law: today the work of the uni:orm apparatus' '
of the Economic Council begins
P.2. A novelty in Party work in Bie1jLna
Celebration in the party school"Djuro Djakovic"
National Committee for the Dr)fence of Peace has collected
400 million dinars so far
Discussion on pharmaceutical services: grading of chemists
shops according to the quality of work (Article by Miodrag
Ciric)
Letters to the Editor:
A number of remarks on the article "The position with regard
to direct products in the USSR"
The experience of a translator with individual editors
An invitation to take action against alcoholism
A book on the results of socialist development so far
P.3, AMERICAN AMBASSADOR'S RECEPTION IN HONOUR OF AMERICAN NATIONAL
HOLIDAY
A view of American economy (4): American economy and backward
countries (Article by Joze Smole)
Yugoslavia supports request for an extraordinary session of the
UN on Tunis
US Congress definitely approves c redit for foreign aid
Events in Korea: with police help Singhman Rhee olytains vote on
the revision of the Constitution
Prior to the answer of the Western Powers to the Soviet Note on
Germany: Adenauer wants definition of conditions for 4-power
talks: it is believed that, because of these remarks of
Adenauer the answer will not be handed over until the end of
the week
THE POSITION OF THE SLOVENE MINORITY IN ITALY: DISCRIMINATION
AGAINST SLOVENE SCHOOLS IN GORIZIA
FRENCH ASSEMBLY RATIFIES AGREEMENT ON COMPENSATION FOR FRENCH
PROPERTY IN YUGOSLAVIA
p.4. Meeting of the Secretariat of the International Forum for Peace
will be held on the 26th and 27th July in Paris
LEADER OF INDIAN SOCIALIST DELEGATION ON DELEGATION'S
IMPRESSIONS OF YUGOSLAVIA
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-2-
4, PRESIDENT OF SPANISH REPUBLICAN GOVERNMENT WILL VISIT YUGOSLAVIA
NEIA AGREEMENT A.TH US ON GUARANTEES OF AMERICAN ADMINISTRATION'
OF TRUST LOAN ?
UNO: Malik uses vetoes enquiry into accusations of bacteriologi-
cal warfare in Korea
Deportations in Hungary continue:
Hungarian authorities introduce control over typewriters
FTT: ANTI-ANNEXION1ST GROUP ?ROTEST AGAINST INCLUSION OF
TRIESTE 'RADIO IN ITALIAN NET4ORK
M. SPAAK'S VISIT POSiTONED
P.5. Chamber of Commerce established in Belgrade
POLITIKA
P.1, IN PEACETIME (Editorial)
P.2. SOVIET UNION HASTENS TO SU2eORT ITALIAN REQUEST REGARDING
TRIESTE
"A network of black spiders" in Mostar: 5 monks in Mostar to be
tried for forging documents releing criminals end enemies of
the state
P.3. Details of the Sofia outrage: exactly how the kidnapping of
Momir Seferovic from our 4:;mbassy in Sofia was carried out
MORE THAN HALF A BILLION DINARS FROM EMERGENCY FUNDS WILL BE
USED FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF YLGOSLAV AGRICULTURE
New regulations: adoption of draft regulation on the training of
apprentices
A significant attempt at the planned development of the Gruza
district: 1,,ijalko Todorovic, President of the Federal Council
for Agriculture and Forestry present at discussion in Kragujevac
?.4. A terrible economic crime: clerks in Bor mines create a whole
system for the falsification of wage payriLents: one of the
accused describes how large sums were embezzled
Question for discussion: schools for apprentices must go even
further along the road they are now treading
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-3 -
THE WORLD IN WHICH WE LIVE: WITCHHUNT
I met once in London a man, an American citizen who on account
of his realistic opinion on post-war events in Asia had so many
inconveniences that he had finally to leave his own country. He was
no Russian agent nor sympathiser, but simply a man who, being during
the war in the American army in the Far East, perceived on the spot
the reality over there and began to cherish certain sympathies
towards "the Yellow Continent" which was awakening and demanding
freedom. He is now living in Groat Britain as every peaceful
inhabitant of the island, In his free hours he occupies himself
by writing articles and, as he has accepted English habits,he repairs
his house and dabbles in the garden, And now when in the history of
the unhappy professor the last chapter hao been written, I remember
now well how my London friend described so well psychosis of America.
For 21 years Owen iatimore',Ara3 a respected American citizen,
a professor of the famous University "John Hopkins" in Baltimore.
He is the representative of the United Nations in the mission of
Afghanistan and one of the best known American experts on the Far
East, Whose advice was asked from time to time by the State Depart-
ment. Then two years before an aillanche fell and the name of
Professor Latimere,his name taxeale in America a double symbol. To a
number of Americans similar to Senator Macarthy, he became the
symbol of a man who threatens Imeriean security, while for others,
by far the greater number of Americans, ProfessorLatimeresymbolises
a man who has become a victim of a monstrous witchhunt.
Perhaps all began at the moment when Ohaing Kai Shek and with
him the American policy in China experienced a fiasco. There was a
tendency to discover somebody upon whom the responsibility might fall.
Perhaps for certain reasons OwenLatImorewas the man, As a man who _
in his time lived in China and as a Public worker to whom social
roles are not.unknown, he perceived what deep changes are taking
place in Asia he understood the historical importance of these
changes. A'S a difference ,from some Americans who are liable to
see in all these events a foreign plot, OwenIntimcre perceived -the
unavoidability of the Chinese Revolution and considered that this is
a reality which one should accept and take it as it is. These con-
ceptions he presented also to the State Department. -
The sufferings of ProfessorLatimorebegan in fact when Joe
Macarthy was elected as senator and when this man who was many times
laughed at as a hunter for publicity and sensation began his famous
mission "to clean up America from the red danger' Acquainted with
Professor LatimoreAsideas,he attacked him in February 1950 in a speech
of 4 hours before the American Senate as the "Russian spy No.17',
This happened at the time when the USA was confronted with a
dilemna, either to follow Great Britain's example and recognise New
China or to save the remnants of Chiang Kai Shek, Under the fire?
of the Senator's attacks came also all those in the State Department
who thought it sensible to accept General Marshal's advice, who
affirmed that the time has come to put a stop to wasting money on
Chiang Kai Shek, Neither Dr,Jessup, the American representative in
the Security Council, who a-few weeks earlier declared himself for
anindependent and united China was not preserved, Dean Acheson found
himself also under fire because it seemed that he was accepting the
'British recognition of China, and Macarthyl who was recently still
considered as a charlatan, being now a Senator, supported by stronger
people, became so fearsome that for a time people in the State
Department were afraid of the very idea if the Senator began to skip
through their political convictions.
Thus Professor Owen Latimmewas confronted with a modern
incuisition which he described so Convincingly in his book (Terrible
JuEgment with the Help of Slander). A man who never directly
occupied himself seriously with politics found himself on the top
of Macarthy's list of dangerous men "forwhom the Foreign Secretary
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knew that they were mvabers of the CP and still work in the State
Department".. At that moment the confusion of the Senator was not
remarked who, to.begin with, spoke about 205 dangerous persons and
finally about 57, he even forgot thatLatimorein the Russian-Finnish
War was supporting the Finnish cause. Macarthy, who ohly a year
ago strove with all his forces to save from execution members of
the SS who were accused of the murder of 350 disarmed Americans,
furiously attacked Latimore. Thepcwerful apparatus of the 7th force
which stood' behind him made from the peaceful professor a state
enemy,and bombastic headlines covered the pages at the moment when
ratimcrewas not in the position to answer these attacks because at
that time he was on a mission to Afghanistan. But Latime did not
succumb. He returned and confronted the Senatorial Committee which
had to iquire into the whole case. After a brithant lecture
concerning history and ts laws he sharply attacked Macarthy and
this committee: "which has eliminated most of the people with an
exceptional knowledge of China and produced unassessable damage to
American policy."
Latimore held out numerous aYaminations. He himself affirmed
that he did not dare to use a telepaone because his conversations
were recorded on gramophone recorda and given to Macarthy. After
all his tortures and examinations of witnesses the whole matter
evaporated. Professor . was right but this witchhunt has
destroyed his reputation forever..
The latest event of a few days ago might look to somebody like
a happy end in American flms. But one ;:eald say that it is
more of a zad proof of how far one can go in a country which boasts
so muchabout its freedoms and in kiate-oftthe fact that every 9 out
of 10 American citizens are probably convinced of Latimore's
innocence, just as Senator Denton from Connecticut, a close friend
of Truman's, demanded that a Commission should enquire into the
matter if Macarthy is at all capable of performing a Senator's duties
Some Finnish emigre, Hark Jervinen, met one of the members of
the American Bureau of Investieatian and drinking with him gave asensa-
tional information: in the grate ee secrecy Professor Latalmore is
preparing himself to leave tho Stes and tn sail for Russia,
Having been informed of this by the Intelligence Service, the State
Department act+A rapidly. Confidential instructions were sent to
all ports and airfields to be alert and to .)x.'eventLataaere from leav-
ing the country. G-men came into action and reporters impatiently
switednews. The fear of the State Department one could have somehow
comprehended - the latest complication concerningLarrewas not
without effect on the elections, If it was proved that Latimore
attempted to leave the country,Macarthy would exclaim:
"You see I have always affirmed thisI": and Senator Taft's
chances would rise because it is rumoured that he agrees with
Macarthy.
its
The tenseness reached/peak 7 days ago and then all the tower
of lies fell down. The G-men found out thatLatzlmorehas been accused
without foundation. Jervinen will be now called to book for false
information. Headmitted that his whole story was false and told in
moment cf inebriety. Then President Truman appeared on the scene
and demanded a report on theIAtimorecase, and t'ae epilogue of all
this: the American Government publicly apologised to Professor Owen
Latim(xe, who, by the way, had no intention whatsoever of leaving the
country now.
Why Latimore, after all that happened to him, did not accept
the apology with particular grace. is not hard to understand. And
the angry words of his reply that "America borders on the danger of
starting to be ruled by informer', although they are exaggerated
come as a warning of a danger which in the moment when flared-up
passions over-.rule the brain, can occur to a country which has so
many freedom-loving traditions. Even against the wish of their
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(Sd.) MIROSLAV RADOICIC
(POLITIKA - 4th July, 1952).
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_PERICAN AMBBASADOR1S RECEPTION IN HONOUR OF AMERICAN NATIONAL HOLIDAY
Last night Mr. George Allen, US Ambassador in Belgrade, gave a
reception on the occasion of the American national holiday, Independence
Day. Present at the reception were the Vice-President of the Praesidium
of the PA of the FPRY Mosa Pijade, Ministers of the Federal Government
Boris Kidric, Svetozar Vukmanovic, Rodoljub Colakovic, Pavle Gregoric,
Krsto Popivoda and Stanoje Simic, the President of the Federal Committee
of the PA of the FPRY, Vladimir Simic, the Assistant Minister of Foreign
Affairs Veljko Vlahovic, Colonel General Vlado Janjic, Vice Admiral '
Srecko Manola, the President of the Praesidium of the PA of :.).7), Serbia
Sinisa Stankovic, the Assistant Ministersof Foreign Afftirs Leo Mates
and Bogdan Crnobrnja, the President of the Serbian Academy of Science
Aleksandar Belie, the Patraech of the Serbian Orthodox Church Vikentije
Prodanov and many high state officials, public workers, members of
diplomatic corps and home and foreign journalists.
The cultural artistic society, Tambouritza, from the US gave a
program of Yugoslav and American songs and dances.
(TnqBA - 5th July, 1952)
FRENCH ASSEMBLY RATIFIES SGREEMENT ON COMPENSATION FOR FRENCH PROPERTY
7-77777T177--
TWFM, 4th July)
Last night the French National Aqsemlely passed the law by which
the President of the Republic authorises the ratification of the
Yugoslav-French Agreement on the payment of compensation for French
property nationalised in Yugoslavia.
(BORBA - 5th July, 1952)
LEADER OF INDIAN SOCIALIST DELEGATION ON DELEGATION'S IMPRESSIONS OF
YUGOSaVIA
TRew DeIET, 4th July)
"The Yugoslav people are devoting their whole strength to their
struggle for the preservation of the independence of their country,"
said Farid Ansari, leader of the delegation of the Indian Socialist
Party which recently spent two months in Yugoslavia. Addressing a
press conference in New Delhi, Ansari spoke about the efforts of the
Yugoslav people in the economic development of the country as well as
about the successes attained so far in this field. Ansari also
mentioned the democratic measures for decentralisation in economy
and politics and gave his opinion that the Yugoslav Communist Party
is really following the road of Marxism towards the withering away
of the state.
At the end of the conference, at which a large number of repre-
sentatives of Indian newspapers and news agencies were present, Ansari
requested the journalists to present in their newspapers the sympath-
etic.message for the Indian people which Marshal Tito had given to
him before his departure from Belgrade.
(BORBA - 5th July, 1952)
THE PRESIDENT OF THE SPANISH REPUBLICAN GOVERNMENT WILL VISIT YUGOSLAVIA
It is announced that Mr. Gorgon Ordes, President of the Spaniah
Republican Government, is to pay a private visit to Yugoslavia. He is
expected to arrive in Belgrade on 17th July.
(BORBA - 5th July, 1952)
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NEW AGREEMENT WITH US ON GUARANTEES OF AMERICAN ADMINISMTION OF TRUST
LOAN (MSA)
According to information from well-informed circles in Washington,
the YugoslFv-American Agreement,by which the US Government guarantees
payment in dollars to individual American firms for investment of goods
dispatched to Yugoslavia, will soon be signed. The granting of these
guarantees will be carried out by the American Administration of Trust
Loan (MSA).
When the agreement has been concluded, it is expected that there
will be a greater number Of trading contracts between Yugoslav enter-
prises and American firms for the import into Yugoslavia of various
materials for capital dovulc.p:aent. (Yugopress)
(MCRBA - 5th July, 1952)
POSTPONEMENT OF M. SPAAK1S VITT
According to the latest informa4an from Yugopress, it seems that
M. Henri Speak, the well-known Belgan Soc4a1ist leader and former
President of the Government, will not be coming to Yugoslavia in the
near future. It is announced that Spaak has suddenly been taken
seriously ill with the result that ha has postponed his visit
indefinitely.
(BORBA - 5th July, 1952)
SOVIET UNION HASTENS TO SUPPORT ITALIAN REQUEST REGARDING TRIESTE
According to Yugopress information, the Soviet Union is attempting
to influence the creation of a so-c?-.Iled anti-Fascist front through the
leader of the Italian Socialist Party, Nenni. In this front, there
will be involved the Demo-Christian Plrty, Nenni1s Socialist Party
and party centres. This is annolInced In connection with the news that
Nenni is well known in Moscow where he will be decorated for services
in the struggle for peace.
It is also confirmed that, in the event of Italy's taking up a
slightly more reserved attitude towards the Atlantic Pact, Russia
will hasten to support any Italian request concerning the question
of the FTT. (Yugopress)
(FOLITIKA - 5th July, 1952)
MORE THAN HALF A BILLION DINARS FROM EMERGENCY FUNDS WILL BE USED
OR H Dh, L?P ,NT C YUGOSLAV AGRICULTURE
It is expected in Belgrade that an agreement will soon be reached
between the appropriate Yugoslav and American authorities on a loan of
about half a billion dinars from emergency funds for the advancement
and development of Yugoslav agriculture.
This sum is part of the dinar counter-value for American participa-
tion in the economic aid for Yugoslavia in the economic year 1951-52.
(Yugopress)
(POLITIKA - 5th July, 1952)
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THE VISIT OF GREEK PARLIAMENTARJANS: THE OBJECT OF OUR ARRIVAL
Ts?rm?sErznsit,---07-75771rOn'EfFITELTITOTTTEriTEZN?YUCTETIWEET-
--
7REE77
The Greek Parliamentary delegation, together with the
President of the Greek Parliament, Mr.Dimitrios Gondikas, arrived
last night in Belgrade. The delegation was accompanied to
Belgrade by Slavoljub Petrovic, a People's Deputy of the Federal
Assembly of the FPRY who went to meet the guests at the frontier.
The members of the Greek parliamentary delegation were met
at the station in the name of the Federal Assembly of the FPRY
by Vladimir Simic of the Council of Nationalities and by Grga
Jankez, Vice-President of the Council of Nationalities and the
People's Deputies, Dobrosav Tomasevic, Bogdan Crnobrnja and
Skender Kulenovic.
In the name of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the FPRY
the guests were met by Dr.Sloven. Smodlaka and Drago Vucinic. At
the station were also present the Greek Minister in Belgrade,
Mr.Spiros Capetinedes and members of the Legation. The guests
were greeted and welcomed by President Vladimir Simic,
- 'Greeting them Simic expressed his convictions that this
visit will contribute to the strengthening of friendly relations
between our two countries.
When leaving the station and entering the automobiles which
were put at their disposal ,a crowd of passers-by assembled and
applauded the guests.
Between Djovdjlia and Skoplje our correspondent visited the
leader of the delegation, Mr.Dimitrios Gondikas and asked him
several questions in regard to the visit of Greek parliamentarians
to our country.
For closer co-operation between the two countries
Asked what he thought concerning relations between our
country and Greece,Mr.Gondikas replied:
- The relations betTimn g? two neighbouring countries. are
improving daily. We believe in the closer rapprochement of our
two nations, and we hope that we shall in the future decide
mutually concerning common problems. In our country, the Liberal
Party, towhich I belong also, is the one which strives for the sett-
ing up of as-close-as-possible relations between Yugoslavia and
Greece.
- And not only that. Closer relations between our two
countries are desired by the whole Greek people as well as by the
Yugoslav people. And when the peoples want that, it will be
realised in any case
- What do you expect from your visit to our country?
- In any case this visit will contribute a great deal towards
a closer mutual acquaintanceship between the two countries. Our
objective is the renewal of relations between Yugoslavia and
Greece which have existed before 1940,and this means to create a
mutual economic and cultural co-operation between our peoples and
finally the absolute mutual security of both countries.
The leader of the parliamentary delegation, MrsDimitrios
Gondikas said at the end:
- Greet the peoples of Yugoslavia and tell them that the
Greek IASIAEVectIF6r gelVaSelZINVO8fBi1113DIMaCisll 5R1 2.:39intQQ9903ur two
countries.
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The composition of the delegation
The Greek Parliamentary delegation consists of 18 members:
the head and 5 members of the Union of Progressive Democrats(EPEK),
5 MPs of the Venezelos Liberal Party, 5 members of the Papagos
movement, one supporter of the Federation of workers and Peasants
and one representative of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Greece.
Ceremonial meeting of the Greek deleg..ation in Skoplje
The Greek Parliamentary deletion was met this morning at
the railway station in Skoplje by the People's MP Slavoljub
Petrovic in the name of the Federal Lssembly of the rpay and, in the
name of the Sobranie of PR Ifiacedonia, the Creek parliamentarians
were greeted by MPs Tomo Kuturttc, 'ice-President of the Sobranie
of PR Macedonia and Blagoja Levkc.
"I expect best results from this visit" - declared Mr.Gondikas
while passing torough Nis
Today at 2.25 p.m. the Greek Parliamentary delegation arrived
in Nis. The delegation spent 45 minutes in Nis and then Amnt-on:'.
to Belgrade. In conversation with journalists, Mr.Gondikas,head
of the Greek Parliar7ontary delegotion, said that the Yugoslav invi-
tation to the Greekt-arliamenai..1.y 2a1egation has made possible that
the connections between the two countries should be strengthened and
deepened.
"I believe, said Mr.Gondikas,"that this visit will contribute
to deeper co-operation and strengtJlening of 1.L.17: between our two
peoples and at the same time contribute to the strengthening of
peace in the Balkans. All the Greek people have greeted with great
enthusiasm the departure of the Creek Parliamentary delegation for
Yugoslavia and believe, that the exchange of visits will contribute
to the improvement of relations both from the economic and political
point of view as well as it can serve the cause of strengthening
peace amongst the Balkan peoples. I expect the best results from
this visit" - Mr.Gondikas emphasised at the end.
Tcda ro ramme for the Greek Parliame t rv dele?ation in Bel rade
This morning the Greek parliamentarians will visit the grave
of the Unknown Soldier at Ayala, and after that they will be
guests at a luncheon which the Vice-President of the Praesidium,
Mosa Pijade, will give in their honour in the premises of the
Praesidium of the People's Assembly of the FPRY.
(BORBA - 5th July, 1952).
EIII.,LEIL31,..Apzusv.iNcLusION.DFjRIEm RADIO IN ITALIAN NETWORK
Anti-annexionist groups have protested against the inclusion
of the Trieste Radio into the Italian network.
The Trieste anti-annexionist groups who are fighting in
Trieste against Italian aspirations and for the independence of
the FTT have lodged a protest yesterday with General Winterton's
deputy against the inclusion of the Trieste Radio in the Italian
"Radio Audicioni Italiano". Protests have also been lodged by
the representatives of the Slovene-Italian ?F, Tntitiative Committee
for the defence of the FTT, Front for the independents and the
Trieste bloc.
Amongst other things the resolution says that the agreement
between Trieste Radio and the Italian "Radio Audicioni Italiano"
is absolutely illegal. The installations of the Trieste Radio are
not foreign property, but the property of the Trieste territory
and nobody has the right to dispose of it nor does this right belong
to Radio Trieste These:installations have become the property of
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TWO TACTICS,KTH ONE ATM
Recently, on 4 different points we were witnesses of a co-
ordinated action of the Soviet bloc against our country. They con-
sist of incidents and aggressive pressure of Hungary and Bulgaria,
on one side, and the manoeuvre in Gold-2,- the offer to Yugoslavia
of some positions in the Danubian Commission - and the Soviet Note
against the London decisions concerning Trieste, on the other side.
On the surface, there.exist certain contradictions between
these actions. However, by carefully analysing, one can easily
establish that it is not a question of any contradiction whatsoever
but of two tactical variations which tend towards the same objective
- the prolongation of aggressive pressure against Yugoslavia and the
relations of our country.
There is no doubt that aggressive pressure by the countries of
the Soviet bloc against Yugoslavia has not in the least decreased,
but on the contrary it is being continually increased in spite of
certain novelties in forms and methods.
The flight of Hungarian planes over Yugoslav territory,
manoeuvres along the Yugoslav border and the building of fortifi-
cations on the frontiers, the impermissible increase of Hungarian
military effectives from 69,000 in 1948 and 185,000 in 1950 to
230,000 in 1952 and the building of strategic roads towards Yugo-
slavia - speaks about the undiminished pressure towards Yugoslavia.
Similar is the case with Bulgaria, who with '2:c,r anti-Yugoslav
acts has made practically impossible. the continuation of normal
diplomatic relations with her. The pressure and provocation on
one side - beginning from the permanent increase of Bulgarian
forces (from 72,000 in 1948 and 1g0,000 in 1950 to 210,000 in 1952,
through their concentration along the Yugoslav border and the erec-
tion of fortifications-on the borders and the sending of terrorist
bands into our country; whose latest victim was the People's Hero
Lt4Colonel Pane DjUkicr are not only decreasing but on the contrary
are being increased.
The direct objective of this ? Cominformist business is that by
strengthening pressure on our borders,disorder and non-confidence in
our country should be sown and to prevent our peoples in their
creative efforts in building up socialism as well as to execute
moral psychological preparations in satellite countries and terrorise
the people of these countries in harmony with the Soviet aggressive
plans.
These two actions, the Hungarian and the Bulgarian, are
quite clear at first sight and are' not different from the present
ways of 'exerting pressure on our country. A certain novelty,
however, is represented by their co-ordination with manoeuvres
which should show a "concession" to Yugoslavia.
The manoeuvre with an offer of 4 positions to Yugoslavia in the
Danubian Commission was not only useful to the USSR to divert in
this way the attention from the essence of the Yugoslav proposal
concerning-the revisions of the Rules on Procedure of the Danubian
Commission, namely from the demand for the abolition of USSR
hegemony and the inequality of riparian countries on the Danube,
but also because it gave incitement to a common Soviet-Vatican-
Italian anti-Yugoslav play in the West. Namely, the "concession"
(as if 4 men in the Danubian Commission who could change the situa-
tion in it made in Craletz has been well added to different stories
which are so persistently and unitedly retold in the West by the
agents of the USSR, the Vatican and Italy.
A similar effect should have been attained by the belated Soviet
Note concerning Trieste in which the USSR "protests"against the
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London decisions. In this regard it is particularly characteristic
that Moscow in its Note does not attack at all Italian imperialism,
in which Moscow sees its ally and whom it wishes to help in this
manner in anti-Yugoslav intrigues. Comments in the Italian press
show clearly that such aid is welcomed and as such has been
assessed positively in Rome.
The proposal in Galaz and the Note concerning Trieste represent
therefore an attempt of misinformation, whose objective is to intro-
duce confusion in world public opinion and lend support to anti-
Yugoslav intrigues of the Vatican and Italy and to the thesis of
some Western circles that the tension of Soviet pressure upon
Yugoslavia has supposedly "decreased". This is also pointed out
by the fact that these moves ? have been undertaken in fact in
the questions of Trieste 1,-nd the Danube in which the West is
greatly interested.
However, it is characteristic that all 4 of these actions
violation of th Yugoslav airspace, Bulgarian provocations, the
manoeuvre in Galaz and the Note concerning Trieste - have been
undertaken at tnt: very moment and directly before or after the
visit of the Austrian dcaegption to Yugoslavia, therefore in a time
af increased efforts for stabil: sing conditions ln.this part of
the world. On thjs occasion too 140SCOW has shown herself as the
biggest antagonist of such a settment. .That a similar nervous-
ness exists also in Italy should -lot surprise anybody, taking
into consideration the imperialist appetites of Italian Irreden-
tists.
One must say also that these Soviet actions lust as the present
similar ones, cannot succeed in t1;eir basic objectives. The Soviet
aggressive policy in general and also in regard to Yugoslavia
separately cannot be hidden by an:, manoeuvres and consequently not
even by these in Galaz and in Trieste. The actions of Hungary and
Bulgaria have shown that the leopard has not changed its spots.
(BORBA - 5th July, 1952).
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IS AN ENCLOEIRLID
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JOINT TI1 AN'SLATION SERVICE
SUMMARY OF THE YUGOSLAV PRESS
This Bulletin contains translations from Yugoslav newspapers and periodicals. It is intended for the use of
the participating missions and not for general distribution. Accuracy of the translations is not guaranteed.
STAT1NTL
No.656 INDEX- 7th July, 1952.
P.1; Headlines of Borba. of the 6th July
P.2. Headlines of Politika of the 6th July
P.3, Headlines of Borba of the 7th July
Headlines of Paitika of the 7th July
P,4. Headlines from the provincial press
FROM POLITIKA OF THE 5TH JULY
P.5. In peacetime (Editorial)
FROM BORBA OF THE 6TH JULY
P.19. Hungarian-Soviet shipping company illegally holds on to
Yugoslav vessels
Costa Rican and Guatemalan Envoys errii;e in Belgrade
Burmese delegation in Split
Fast trains direct from Belgrade to Rijeka daily
P.20. 5 Bulgarian spies condemned to be shot at Leskovac
P.23, 2 Rumanian iilots escape to Yugoslavia by plane
P.24, Plenum of Union of Co-operative Syndicates of Macedonia
Plenary Session of CC of the People's Youth of Slovenia
has begun
Handing over of aide memoire on Tri-Partite Aid for Yugoslavia
expected this week.
P.25. Directorates of the Government of B & H have been abolished
Abolishing of Main Directorates of Slovenia
American Slovenes will visit Zagreb and Belgrade
Trained personnel from federal institutions will be trans-
ferred to enterprises and Peoples Committees
FROM BORBA OF THE 7TH JULY
P.6., 7th July celebrations: Marshal Tito speaks in Nis
P,23. Flight of 2 Rumanian planes to Yugoslavia: escapes from
Rumania have not been rare recently
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HEADLINES BORBA
_ _
P.1. Croatian assembly will meet 14th July
sl`
6th July 1952
Plenary session of theCC of Syndicates of leather workers
Plenary session of People's Youth of Macedonia begins
* ?
FIVE BULGARIAN SPIES CONDEMNED TO BE SHOT AT LESKOVAC
* .
1"00-ROUNIAN PILOTS ESCAF- BY PLANE TO YUGOSLAVIA
*
GREEK PARLLIMEN7;ARY DELEGATI'A IN BELGRADE: AELTING 1,ITH MOSE
PIJ.ADE
THE REORGANISATIN OF- COGERATIVES (Leaning Article by BlA
Djuricic)
AIDE NEMOIn ON 11,01 PA-RTITh AID TO YUGDSLAVIA LLPECTED THIS WEEK
P.2. In connexion with a decision of the Ministry of Finanace of
Croatia: an attempt to restrict the rughts of the People's
Committees (Article by A. Mancic)
*
Directorates and Board of the government of the PR of B.&H.
abolished
Abolition of chief directorates of Slovenia
Preparations for celebration of tenth annivrsart of Yugoslav
navy
Trained personnel from federal institutions will be transferred
to enterprises and People's L'ommittees .
AMERICAN SLOVENES '',aLL VISIT ZAG-IL.,B AND BELGRADE
Congress of syndicates of workers end clerks in maritime economy
Letters to the Editor:
The Kromin's mercenaries continuo their crimes
We are not shaken by this (murder of UDBA officer)
Remarks on the "Calendar of events in People's Liberation
Struggle"
La-ckof care of young citizens
Why no museum?
P.3,. His double (Jasa levi's general commentary)
Bulgarians are fortifying their Turkish frontier
HUNGARIAN SOVIET SHIPPING ASSOCIATL_N IL..:EGALLY HOLDS
YUGOSLAV VESSELS
Ana Pauker replaced as Roumanian Minister of .oreign Affairs
by Roumanian Ambassador in Moscow
COSTA RICAN AND GUATEMALAN ENVOYS ARRIVE IN BELGRADE
The meaning and consequences of the Tunisian crisis (Article by
Drordje Jerkovic)
P.4. Statement by Jose Potrc on ILO meeting at Geneva
*
BURMESE DELECLTL.N IN SPLIT
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7.4. INDIA RESS uN VISIT eF IN. I,N CLLISTS T- YUG.,SLhVIA
Mossadeq submits resignation of his government
Letter from India: religious differences an:. predjudices
block roa,'. to development of India (Article by B. Rafajlovic)
Ol'ENING CF REMISbS OF FRmNCO-YUCOSLAV SOCIETY IN PARIS
Events in Korea; secret talks strtc. in ?an Mum Joiru big air
battle over Yalu river: US Ambas adc5r satisfied that South
Korean crisis has been solved"within the framework of the
Constitution"
Republican Party's choice of candidate will depend on outhern
Democrats (Article by Joze bmole)
ANTI-LABAR hCTIVITY eF LABJua EXCHANGE IN TRIESTE
-CONWRCIAL NEG,-TIATL-NS BEThEEN GREECE AND ITALY INTER-J.4'TM
LY ITALIAN BLACKMAILIKI .
P.6. SCCIAL1ST DaeCRACY(Article by Marko istic)
Trieste youth brigades will help to buil hydro-electric power
pint at Vinodol
FhST TRJ,INS DIRECT FReM RIJEKA T., BELGR.OE
Preparations for building nine more hydro-electric power plants:
a new electrical system (Article by Ljubisa Ristoric)
P.8. Paper ma-le from sugar-beet
' *
P.10. Price list of Rijeka oil refinery
?ULITIKA
P.2. SIGNS ,F THF 1NChEASED INFLUENCE- CF MILIT,RY FACT,RS ON THE
?-LICY OF rKE WEST (Article by P. Mi_lojgv.ic)
p.3. Rleeti)nJ in the Serbinn 4CU7 of ScAenco: present electoral
sy5te.1 conserv.tivQ; els.:.aents t irect policy alverse
t2 seinecel culture and the. arts
P.4. In connexion with the replacement of the manager of Koteks
*
Question of social security for lawyers
Wrong distributi,n of doctors in industrial areas
P.6. Harvest in northern lianat
Vessels for the transportation of the sick_from_islands in
Dalmatia
BLIND Ti VETERANS--
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HEADLINES BORBA 7th July 1952
P.1. CELEBRATION:OF 7th JULY: DAY OF THE UPRISING OF SERBIA: MARSHAL
TITO ADDRESSES 200,000 PEOPLE IN NIS
.* NEW PEOPLE'S HEROES
:THE ROAD TO VICTORY (Editolhial)
GREEK PARLIAMENTARY DELEGATION VISITS NOVI SAD
LEADER OF TERRORIST ORGANISATION APPOINTED REPRESENTSTIVE OF THE
ITALIAN GOVERNMENT IN TRIESTE
P ?3 .
HOW SLOVENES LIVE IN ITALY: VENEZIA JULIA - A LAWLESS COUNTRY
(Article signed V.S.)
Taft co4tro1s Republican party machinery
WestenaPowers Noteto USSR about Germany will soon be ready:
presentation of Note expected at the beginninL of next week
Letter from Paris: the fate of prisoners of war in the Soviet
Union (Article by M. Vitorovic)
THE FLIGHT OF TWO ROUMANIAN PLANES TO YUGOSLAVIA: ESCAPES FROM
RUMANIA HAVE NOT BEEN RARE RECENTLY
P.4. Congratulations of Ivan Ribar on occasion of 7th July celebrations:
Vlado Segrt sends telegram to Praesidium of the PA Serbia
Comrade Kidric unveils monument to fallen heroes in Rogaska Slatina
Section of electrical works opened in Bor today
Workers of rolling stock fectory in Rankovicevo write to Aleksandar
Rankovic asking him to represent them at the 6th Congress of the
CPY
Progress in the building of new factories in Lukavac
The course of the River Drina to be diverted soon at Mali Zvornik
LN ETHICAL LDUCATI N IN Julusi'a SCHO,..,LS (Article by Milivoje
Urosevic)
YUGOSLAV DELEGATION RETURNS FROM SESSION OF DANUBE COMMISSION
END OF CONFERENCE OF YUGOSLAV AND ITALIAN TRADE DELEGATIONS
Stassen will not hinder election of Taft
Swedish President on relations with Soviet Union
Kidnapping of West German polic0
POLITIKA
P.4.Perhaps operations in Korea nu
world war, says Selwyn Lloyd
saved the world :from a new
, Letter from London: the British and the MidLle East (Article
by L. Davico)
* .
P.5.Question for discussion; new possibilities for the work of
agricultural cooperatives of the general type in the
reconstruction of agriculture (Article by Ljuba Mijatovic)
Thirty kLmerican tourists visit Bled from Wester Germany
P?6. Radio Rijeka will be on the air from the Day of the Uprising
*of Croatia
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MASS POSONING IN MONASTERY
>; >;
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NOVA MAKEDONIJA.
June 27, 1952.
P01. Application of different forms of political work lath the masses,
P.3. rr 800 hectares of kaad dhallanged by grass hopsin Tetevo area.
June 29, 1952,
P.3. New forms of work applied in the Skoplje rront organizations*
P.4. Some problems affecting activity of co-operatives in the
district of Sveti
Our exports of copper sulphate*
P.5. Considerable interest in the Macedonian language displayed in the
scientific circles of the United States,
June 30, 1952c
P.1. Analysis cf six-month activity in our co-operatives*
LA VOriE
July 2, 19520
P.3. Tasks of our schools and a-::achroristic tendencies of the church*
SLOV2NSKI POTIOCZVAIEC
July 1, 1952.0
P 10The new patron of the Irredenta in 5-rieste.
P03, We refuse to be in the service of the foreigners, declare members
of the Cyril-Methodius Association at Tolmin0
P-04* Adequate supply of newsprint to be obtained from the Videm paper
factory.
July 2, 1952*
P.1. Relief of traffic in the port of Rijeka.
Pa* Regulations concerning social insurance of members of co-operatives
under preparation.
July 3, 19520
P01. Comment of the paper "Slovenski Vestnik" on Mr. Gruber's visit
to Yugoslavia and the position of the Slovenes in Carinthia*
P.5. Return of nine refugees from Brazil.
July 4, 1952.
P.1. Bur aucratic arguments in discussions of current problems
(An article by Stane Kavcic).
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IN PEACETIME
The anniversary of the German attack was celebrated in Moscow
comparatively noisily. Memories of the Fatherland War were marked on
the radio by powerful fanfare and war-like marches.
Here and there one could hear a neutral opinion, that Russia will
go no further: she has spread so much that it will take her a long
time to digest her"sphere."
And in fact, Russia has a great deal to digest. A country, that
has not been able as yet to solve the problem of settling the
interior of the country and where there are 200 kilor.etres between
railway stations,has expanded on all sides.. After 1939 the USSR
annexed in Europe about half a million square kilometres on account
of seven small states, from Finland to Rumania. Russia has crossed the
Carpathians at several places. She has become a riparian country.
She has affirmed herself on the borders of Norway and has begun an
action of encirclement of the Baltic Sea. The non-aggression pact
with Turkey was broken off, and Moscow is now attempting, we must say
unsuccessfully, to get hold of two Turkish provinces--Ardahan and
Karsa. In the same way Russia tried unsuccessfully to separate Tabriz
from Iran. On the other hand, Russia affirmed herself successfully in
the Chinese Sinkiang and is the solo master.in Northern Mongolia.and
holds powerful economic positions in Manchuria. In the Far East,
Russia swallowed up the Republic of Tanu-Tuva, the Southern Sakhalin
and the Kurilin Islands. Russia stands on the threshold of the weak
Afghanistan where more Tadziks live than in Russia. Add to this the
full power over the satellites.
Such a sphere one really has to digest, but how; and what does it
mean? Does it deal with the "ultimate point" and will Moscow,placed
in such internal "expansion" , wish and be abletolead the rest of the world
in peace?
A propaganda is now being led in Eastern Germany for the creation
of a "national army." This remilitarisation policy is still being
carried out carefully, intermingling it with the opposite slogan con-
cerning united Germany. While the last slogan is still a tactical move
in the diplomatic war, the national army of Eastern Germany is being
rapidly created. This army is demanded to he a disciplined component
part of the "camp of peace." And when at a conference of Cominformist
functionaries in Berlin somebody posed a question to the head of the
Eastern German Information Service--whotherRussian troops would be
withdrawn over the Oder and Neisse rivers?, he received a negative
reply. Although the departure of Russian troops could only strengthen
the position of Moscow in Germany, she is not free, , because she
holds such an enormous sphere under her control, to do whatever might
bring her practical profits!
Russians in Berlin, the reason for keeping garrisons in Poland
and elsewhere) just as Austria is the excuse for keeping Russian troops
in Hungary and Rumania--if one concedes at one point, hundreds of
other problems would appear on other points.
To create such a "sphere" means to strengthen one's position by
force and to suppress autonomous movements. For the same reason the
bogey of international tension is necessary. These are the unavoidable
consequences of the "internal" expansion. So long as Moscow leads a
policy of spheres, every reference to differences between "internal"
and "outside" expansion remains,on account of that,a great illusion.
Another anniversary was marked these last few days in Eastern Germany--
the anniversary of the murder of Walter Rathenau, who in 1922, against
the wishes of the Western Powers, signed the Rapallo Treaty with
Cicerin. Through this agreement, the Soviets broke through the blockade
and set up with Germany a regime of mutual economic priority. Rathenau
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is now the hero of Moscow propaganda. Just as it would be naive to think
that the Russians will strengthen their "sphere" without disturbing
anyone, so everyone has an illusion who expects all-round democratic
peacetime relations with Russia. A "sphere" in itself demands a
unilateral policy, a policy of continued pressure within the "sphere"
and outside it a policy of armanent. Making use of the name of
Rathenau, Moscowlould like not to break off but to strengthen the
blockade of its antagonists! /s/ J. G.
(F:.LITIKA - 5th July, 1952)
MARSHAL TITO SPEAKS IN NIS
(Nis, 6th July)
About 200,000 people heard Marshal Tito speak today in connection
with the anniversary of the uprising in Serbia on 7th July, 1941.
Marshal Tito' s speech
"Comrades All, Allow me please first of all to greet you most
heartily. I must excuse myself for not having come here since the
liberation of our country, for not coaLng before to: the town which
suffered great sacrifices during the r of National Liberation, to
the region where great traditions of uprisings against aggressors
and invaders are still fresh.
"July 7th is an important and a bigdtte in the history of our
peoples. There are a great many big dates in the history of our
peoples; the Serbian people especially have many big dates in their
history which mark the most difficula moments in their history--dates
which mark the periods when it was a question of to be or not to be.
However, July 7th ranks among the most important dates in the history
of the Serbian people, as indeed in the history of all the peoples of
Yugoslavia. (prolonged applause)
"The importance of July 7th is manifold. One of the most
important things that marks July 7th is the fact that it was just in
Serbia, in the country where liberty has always been highly valued,
that the first shot was fired against the enemy on that date and that
the Serbian people gave proof that they were ready to make countless
sacrifices not only for their own freedom but also for the freedom of
all the peoples of Yugoslavia. July 7th is also important because it
marked the beginning of the struggle by all the peoples of Yugoslavia
who very quickly followed in the footsteps of the Serbian people.
July 7th is not the date of an ordinary uprising butthedate of a
revolutionary, liberational uprising. It contains three basic elements
which represent the motive power of our peoples and a guaranty for the
success of that great revolutionary uprising. The War of Liberation
against the invader, against oppression and destruction; the uprising
of the War of Liberation for the existence of the Serbian people, for
the existence of all our peoples--is the first basic element. The
second lies in the struggle for national liberation in which all the
peoples of Yugoslavia, who until then had not felt themselves complete-
ly free, found their place and fought shoulder to shoulder with the
Serbian people for national liberation. The third element, which
gives the uprising a completely revolutionary stamp, is a class-social
element, because the working class of Yugoslavia and all those who
had been socially oppressed, humiliated and exploited found their
place in the ranks of the struggle for national liberation to jointly
liberate their country, to jointly contribute towards the liberation
of those who until then had not been nationally freed and to fight
for a better and happier future, for a new social system, for a
socialist Yugoslavia.
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"The force of that great revolutionary date lies in this. The
special feature of our great War of National Liberation, of our
revolutionary struggle, the special feature which various self-styled
theorists from the East and the Cominform bosses are now denying us,
lies in this. They are now denying us this just for the reason that
they wanted our country to be something else- instead of what it
to be their dowry, their colony rather than a country which is com-
pletely free from every harmful influence, oppression and exploitation.
This is just what makes them furious..
"Comrades All, during the great War of National Liberation our -
peoples consistently and persistently solved all those problems which
stem from the three elements which- I have mentioned; they solved these
-problems successfully precisely for the reason that the soldiers,
armed men of our country with rifle in hand in the :fields of battle
in various parts of our country, were men who had a high political
mind and a clear ideological perspective.
"What we have today, a new Yugoslavia in which socialism is being
built up, is not anaceie,ontal occurrence but a thing which was
organized from the beginning of the uprising. However, we approached
that goal only gradually. We have never jumped stages We have always
done at the given stage that which had to be done. Had we gone to
the maximum at the first stage, we would have scared away many of the
patriots who would not have understood our aim. 'It is for this reason
that during the first days of the revolutionary uprising we extended
our hand to all those who were prepared to fight against the invader,
for the liberation of our country-all those who were ready to join
us in the struggle for theliberation of their people. That was our
prime aim at that time, and no other aim came before it. However,
the counter-revolutionary motive forces in Yugoslavia were of a
different opinion. Together with the invader,- whose servants they
were, they were against such a. national- uprising. They were also in
favour of our country being someone's atellite-,just so they could
maintain their class positions and their class interests. For this
reason, they were not on the side of the people but rather on the
side of the enemy and against the people. At the beginning, the
invaders and our home traitors were numerically stronger than we were
and had more arms, but the high class conscientiousness of our working
men and the high liberational conscientiousness of all our freedom-
loving men made up that power which gave us the ability to win against
both the invader and the home traitors. This made it possible for us
to be stronger and stronger as the days went by; this made it possible
for the uprising to assume a greater andgreater mass character and
to spread throughout the country from Gevgelia to Trieste.
"The majesty of our popular revolution lies in the fact that
under the most difficult conditions, without arms which our soldiers
had to capture from the enemy, without all thoSe things which one
requires in fighting a stronger enemy, our men never lost spirit.
They Were seized by that fighting spirit which made them die rather
than surrender to the enemy and permit our country to be looted and
our peoples annihilated. Therefore, our people may indeed be proud
of those great days; therefore, the Serbian people may be proud
indeed of July 7th because the first shot against the enemy was fired
by the Serbian people on that date..
"Comrades All, I should like to mention again today that stupid
theory which started to develop even during the war and which, after
the appearance of the notorious Cominform Resolution, specially exists
in the heads of the Cominform leaders and, in the first place, in the
heads of the Soviet leaders-that the peoples of Yugoslavia took up
arms and went to fight only out of their..Freat love for the Soviet
Union.- (dries from the crowd, "That's a lie."). Of course, that is
not.right. The truth is that our peoples fought in the first
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place for their liberation. The truth is--we must always emphasize
this and have always emphasized it--that our peoples had sympathies
for the Soviet Union and that was an element of motive force, but
that element was of second-rate importance. Our peoples saw in the
Soviet Union, first of all, a country which had carried out the
revolution, a greet country which they considered to be the protector
of small people and always ready to fight for those who were in danger
of annihilation. Our peoples believed'Ithe Soviet Union because they
did not yet know it intimately. Our peoples believed in the Soviets
until they began to realize their aspirations and their aims. But,
during the war and particularly after the war, towards the end of
1947 and at the beginning of 1_948, our peoples were fairly clear as
to what the Soviet Union wanted. It is because of such actions on
the part of the Soviets, both during and after the war, that they have
lost the sympathies of our peoples. Let them not think that these are
only empty wordswhen I say here that the Soviet Union has lost the
sympathies of our peoples. In 1946, when the Soviets once again wanted
to enslave our peoples by making use of theoretical explanations, they
experienced a fiasco immediately when they called upon our peoples to
rise up against their leaders and to place other leaders in power.
The people would not listen to them Pnd did not obey them but continued
realizing their aims because the leadership of our country has no other
aims but those which the people of the country have. The leaders of
the Soviet Union were again mistaken.
"In 1948 and in later years we experienced difficult moments.
All our citizens, all the citizens of our country who love this country
and their history, their hard history, have shared the difficult hours
of our leadership. I must emphasize here today that we leaders were
deeply aware at the moment when we said, 'No', that our entire people
would have said the same thing as we although we had not yet heard the
opinion of our people on that question. And sure enough, we were not
mistaken: our actions were in(rnforaaity with the wishes and interests
of the peoples of our country, of the peoples of a socialist country.
Our country has found its new Path
"We are not an ordinary country which, after the great War of
National Liberation, has continued along the old paths. Our country
has found its new path, and on that path towards the realization of a
bettor and happiea future, towards the realization of a finer social
internal order, it could not have deviated or have been a blueprint
for any other country because patterns in the world are not good. Our
peoples have been developing, for centuries and centuries under quite
different circumstances than has been the case, let us say, with the
peoples of the Soviet Union or the people of some other country.
Consequently, we have had to bear in mind all elements which have
piled up for centures in the minds of our men; we have had to bear in
mind the positive elements from our history as well as the aspirations
of our peoples because we have known that this is that powerful factor
which will make it possible for us to more easily build up a new social
order, a socialist society and a finer and happier future. And sure
enough, wetraVe not made a mistake.
"But men in the East, in the Soviet Union, are not accustomed to
see in a small people a people who could independently manage its own
life and itself be responsible for its own future. They wanted to
have an appendage which they could boss through traitors or governors
appointed by them. However, we have never been used to someone else
ruling us. In our histgry, we have had plenty of such experiences.
Both July 7th and the four years of bloody and merciless fighting gave
us arms and made it possible for us to say before the entire world:
'During the great War of National Liberation we have comparatively
given the greatest contribution in human lives to the common cause,
and for our own freedom we have given such a rich contribution that
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no one has the right to demand of us the payment of any indemnity or
to claim that he has liberated us.' ('Hear, hear!,) We have both
liberated ourselves and given our contribution for others, Therefore,
we were absolutely right,when we were faced-with the alternative of
bending our necks or standing up and looking' future generations in the
face, when we said that the only proper road for us was the one which
we then assumed--that no one had the right to demand of us to make any
concessions and to leave our peoples to the mercy of various foreign
invaders.
"At the beginning therewas a small number of us, at whom they aimed
their spears and arrows; however, this number increased. They aimed -
their attacks at secondary and junior cadres, at the entire Party and,
finally, the turn of the entire -people came. Today they are telling
. fairy tales of how the Soviet Union has certain anonymous, abstract'.
patriots in our country who; allegedly, are fighting in the mountains
of Serbia, Bosnia and other parts of the country 'for the liberation
of Yugoslavia./ The Soviet Union has finally lost all the sympathies
which our peoples had Cherished in their hearts for it; :1;t-has lost
the sympathies won by the best sons of our country, Communists who
perithed in the jails of,Q1d Yugoslavia because they preached love for
the Soviet Union. The Soviet Union has gambled away this sympathy by
inconsiderate action towards our country. What has happened, my Com-
rades, you all know today, After the end of the war, we wanted to
have the test relations wi/th the Soviet Union and with the neighbouring
countries which had been liberated with the aid of the Soviet Union-.
In the first place, we wanted to do away with that dark past and with
.that age-long hatred which had divided our peoples and. had been the
cause of ceaseless periodic struggles and mutual annihilations. We
made superhuman efforts towards this end and also gave great material
sacrifices and succeeded in creating formal agreements; however, all
that fell into the water on the day when, at the suggestion of the
Soviet Union, our Party was anathematized and when they proclaimed us
traitors. Since that moment, the leaders of the Soviet Union have been
spreading hatred against us among the peoples of the neighbouring
countries.
"My Comrades, I think that the peopaganda in these countries and
the slandering and inciting against our peopleshave not had much
success among those peoples. However, they have achieved a success
insofar as they have established between our peoples and the peoples
of the neighbouring countries, iron curtains and iron walls; insofar as
they have re-established the difficult relations contrary to our
aspirations and our desires that an end be put to the dark past and
that the prospect for a bright future of brotherly cooperation and
mutual love be opened. Therefore, the leaders of the Soviet Union,
who pretend to be socialists, Communists, bearers of the great idea
of Marx-Engels-Lenin, have created a. hatred among the peoples although
according to the science of Marxism-Leninism it is absolutely impossible
for such a country to use such methods in its practice in relations
with other peoples. In 1948 the Soviet Union wanted to place upon. a
theoretical basis the struggle against our country and against our
peoples, and it spoke about some allegedly deviations made by us from
the line of socialist principles. However, from the first moment, we
saw that that was only a mask to fool the progressive peoples in other
countries as Well as our peoples, Therefore, we immediately replied
that that was an attack on our peoples and on our state, and we inter-
preted that thing to be the thing which concerns our peoples and our
entire country. We acted properly in stubbornly keeping to our attitude
because today we see what_ is being done in practice.
:"Who are the Bulgarian, Hungarian, Rumanian and AlbanianComin-
formists killing? They are killing on our frontiers the defenders of
our ID,ord.ers.?the sonseo_f_our peasants-from-various_parts-of our 'country.
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Whose method is this? Is it a socialist method when organized groups,
armed with machineguns and bombs, are secretly sent across the border
to kill our men, even peoples' heroes? That is not the method of a
socialist country but is rather a Fascist method. Only the Fascists
and the blackest reactionaries are capable of such terroristic methods.
Can then the leaders of those countries, considering these methods,
reckon with any .response or with any sympathies of the honest men of
our country? Of course not. An unbelievable bitterness is being
created among our peoples against such methods. However, the actions
of the leaders of these countries, who are performing such non-
socialist, terroristic acts towards cur men and our country, must not
be ascribed tc the entire people of these countries; the entire people
of Bulgaria, Hungary, Rumania or Albania cannot be blamed for all this,
and they are not being. Our peoleles know who the chief culprits are.
('Down with murders!') Oer peoples also know that in those countries
roses are not blooming for those bands of terrorists who are today
trying to murder our men. A great number of peoples of those
countries hate them,and we know that concentration camps and jails
are being filled with people in those countries. We know that in
these countries peoples from the border zones are being deported to
the interior of the country or to various camps where they are
gradually disappearing. We know that they are using the same methods
of national annihilaticn that once the Fascists in Germany used.
Therefore, we are quite realisticelly looking on the question of who is
the culprit. We know the culprits,,eei the bitterness of our peoples
is and will be turning against these culprits and not against the
entire peoples of those countries, have pity for these peoples
who are today groaning under the yoke of the satellite leaders who are
working on the suggestions of the lereiars of the Soviet Union. We have
pity for them and wish them to free themselves one day from this tutor-
ship and to start along their own road of creating their freedom,
their finer arid happier future.
Our pao leeaare united on the uestion that Ylaoslavia es it is
socialist Yuy,c avia, shoula e guard l.
"Comrades All, we are today in tl--e.full.swing of the creative .
elevatipp of. cur country to a hia.her stage in the building up of
socialism. Naturally, we must jealously guard these great achieve-
ments which hive cost us hundredo and hundreds of thousands of the
best sons of our country, which have been paid by the destruction of
our country as well as the destruction of the material goods of our
peoples. We must see to it that the frontiers of our country are secure
so that all our peoples can peacefully build up their better future.
I can state at this place that we who are responsible for the security
of our country will not allow our alertness ever to slacken because we
know that the enemy on the other side of the border is waiting for a
chance and that at the time when conditions are favourable he will
shoot. ('Long live our Peoples' Army')
"Consequently, my Comrades, we mustnake great sacrifices for the
security of our country. Our peoples know that a good portion of their
labour and sweat go towards providing the security of our country, and
we know that our peoples are not complaining against that because they
still have fresh memories of the hard times when we were barehanded
and when we had to capture arms from the enemy in order to be able to
fight for our liberation. T(xiay the situation is different than it
was in 1941. Today a different spirit prevails in our country. Today
we have the unity of the people; the question of nationalities was
solved in our country during the great War of National Liberation in
the best way possible, and the blessings.of.thatesolution are mani-
festin themselves today more and more in the creative work, in the
unbelievably quick flourishing and development of the most backward
parts-of'-oursountry to which all possibilities have been extended.
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Such peoples who have won such rights in this social. Community cannot
be anybody's object for any combinations aimed at creating dissension
and in which someone would like to count upon any one of our peoples;
to count upon inciting one against the other and creating quarrels
between them. Today our peoples are united on the question that
Yugoslavia, such as it is a socialist Yugoslavia, should be guarded.
Our peoples are aware of the fact that they should guard this greatest
achievement of theirs, and every one of our citizens should be ready
to give, if necessary, hiS life for this achievement
"Yugoslavia, the New Socialist Yugoslavia, is today as though -
cast from steel, a united country whose peoples have unity of thought
and action. This is what we must guard; this is what makes us unbreak-
able, a thing which no outside power is able to destroy. If we remain
such--and we must remain such because today we have many insatiable
bandits who are watching for a chance on our border--:we shall create
for our men a finer and better life and shall remain unbreakable on
that road.
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We will not allow an one to hinder us on our road to establishing
Foodrelations with other countries
Comrades, allow me to say a. few words concerning the measures
which we are undertaking in regard to preventing isolation of our
country from wherever it may come. You know quite well what we
undertook a couple of years ago, namely in 1948, when the Soviet
Union tried to isolate our country fully, not only from the East but
from all sides. ? We went along a realistiC road to setting up
normal relations, economic and political co-operation - when it is
the question of safeguarding peace in the world - with all countries
who want such relations and particularly with the countries whose
allies we-,,Were during the war and who we consider today as our
allies. And we have prevented this isolation by the USSR. We are
continuing consistently on this road. The Soviet Union is striving
even today to make a gap in our relations with Western countries._
They are doing this with different manoeuvres - infiltration of all
sorts of spies and even by Western reacionary elements of different
kinds, affirming that this or that general of ours negotiated with
Soviet generals axlhow he had secret talks with the Soviet Union and
so forth. Further it often happens that Soviet diplomats approach
pharisaically our people with forced smiles, wishing to talk "in a
friendly manner" and to show that they have a goodwill and good
intentions. All this is done for a cynical objective in order to
show the outside world that there is something between us and them.
There is nothing between them and U3 (Hear, hear). They themselves
broke off relations. (Approval). Their objective consists of the
fact to prevent our country from getting certain aid to which we
consider we have a right, because we wore the allies in the most
difficult hours of the freedom-loving people in the world, because
we were the most demolished country, a country with relatively the
greatest number of victims. We have a right to that end they wish
to prevent us from getting it. This help is useful to us because
it enables us to support more easily the burdens which we are
carrying every day and I think that they will deceive nobody in this
matter, although they are helped by some reactionary elements in the
West, such as some.elements of the Vaticmjcsope Italian and German
reactionary papers, etc. All this does 'ti MTferent channels but
it is nothing but ar.limeanqind naked lie. We are of the same opinion
as we were in 1948 when we broke off with them: we were not guilty
at all, they are not in the right, we have the right to,. an independ-
ent life, we have a right to rule ourselves and we do not permit and
shall not peemit that others should commande us about, (Approval)
We are also today of the same opinion, So long as they do not
change their foreign policy in regard to other people, particularly
in relations to socialist countries, as is ours, so long as they do
not change their concrete policy of a cold war and nervousness of
the world some normal relations are out of the question. We are
today a country which is firmly of.the opinion that one should go
with those nations to defend peace, who are struggling against war.
We shall never join in a war as aggressors on anybody's _side and in
this regard the Soviet Union can least count upon us. We think that
we must be an element of peace, particularly here in the Balkans,
and because we have already set up today and are daily deepening
good friendly relations with Greece and Turkey And lately we obtained
important successes with Austria in this regard.
/ Abroad today different stories exist of how Yugoslavia has some
other objectives, how she manoeuvres because of Italy, how Yugoslavia
-seeks support on this siue in order to get Trieste, or - as they say
- to grab it.
Comrades, we are not doing this because of Italy, we are not
doing this because of Trieste. The question of Trieste is a problem
whicn should be solved between us and Italy. We are doing this on
account of our principles, on the basis of which we wish to co-
operate with all the-people who wish to saleguard peace and who are
struggling for peace, who are here, in this part of Europe, in the
Balkan s Ft& &teat 2b0A318/it 15Fi6A318.15fitiAm we have a
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common point of view. Namely, we do not agree with those from the
West who say that some pacts should be concluded. We can tel;,
them: in our history we have had already many pacts and generally
these pacts were not worth much. Pacts-- are formalities.
Alliances should be created in the soul of the people, in their
consciousness about the need for mutual co-operation. Such
alliances are .firm and in order that one might achieve this one
must set up contacts along all lines and good friendly co-operation,
which are needed regardless of differences which exist between
systems. We are not interfering in the internal order of Turkey
and Greece or of any other country, just as we do not permit them
to interfere in our internal problems, but thereare common things
and very important ones too, which we must and should always solve
together. And I am saying here, from this place, that Our word
is much more important than any formal pact. Formal pacts are not
alweys a good thing. They have often only negative repercussions,
because in time of'peace they separate peoples, create fronts, In
this concrete ease, they create two fronts. We wish to be in the
front of peace6 without pacts outside the UN. This is why we
approve the armament of nations for their security, but we will
never approve that anybody should are. for starting a war, "either
preventative or otherwise, we shall never approve that somebody
should arm himself for an aggressive war, We are a country which
cannot violate her principles. We can never be on the side of the
aggressor but we shall always be on the side of those who are for
peace, for peaceful co-operation amongst the peooles. This is what
I want to say here today. And in the Balkans this is today of
enormous importance. This is of enormous inteeest today for our
country. I can assure you from this place that we shall not stop
and that we shall not permit anyone, whoever he may be to hinder
us on our road for creating good relations between our country and
these countries. No intrigues can diveftus from this road,
because our country is a socialist country and we know quite well
what we want. We are not wandering both in outside and internal
-
political matter. We have a clearly-set objective and we are
going towards this objective in a way which our conditions permit.
This is, comrades, what I wish to say concerning external problems.
(Applause)
compulsory
The abolishment of the /purchase is a proof of our eeauemic
RrilekeleklY
Comrades, I would like to tell you some things concerning
our internal problems. In the first place I would like to refer
to some economic problems. You know quite well through what
difficult phases we had to pass after the war and particularly
after the breaking-off of relations with the Soviet Union, when
the USSR renounced all the agreements which we made with them and
according to their suggestions of course all other satellite
countries. But, you can all sEee for yourselves that we have
already progressed to a great extent, regardless of the attempts
of the economic isolation of our country. The fact that we were
capable of abolishing all purchases which existed until now, which
were a very unpopular thing, is a sign of our economic prosperity.
The latest abolishment of the purchase of wheat has left a deep
impression upon our peasants. The peasants greeted this measure
because it is a positive thing.
Comrades, one should know also that this measure is some-
times exploited by ill-intentioned elements in our country who
distort its intereretation. There are different reactionary
elements who say ehat we have to do this under the pressure of the
USA and the Western countries who are giving us aid. Comrades,
we have done nothing because of their pressure nor think to do so.
You will well remember that as far back as last year we said- and
I personally, that we shall abolish the purchase the very moment
when we see that it is not vitally necessary for supplying our
people, and when this time came, we abolished it and we saw that
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There is still another thing. People say, again different ill-
intentioned reactionary elements, that we are importing wheat in
order to force the peasants to bring the price of their wheat to
the lowest level. This is, comrades, only a reactionary propaganda
pure and simple, without any proof whatsoever. But we are import-
ing cereals, we are-importing wheat. We imported last year 20,000
wagonloads of wheat, but we exported 60,000 wagonloads of corn
because we wish our people to eat wheatbread and the corn we are
going to sell. (Approval)
Comrades, we are not importing wheat in order to lower the
price of the wheat of our peasants. They should not be afraid of
that.. We are taking care that there is always sufficient food,
wheat, etc. in our country, as much as we need for the nutrition of
our population. The move our people produce in the villages the
less will be the need for importing. The greater the yield of
wheat the less we shall import. The greater the rild of corn the
more we shall export and we shall buy something else. This is.how
the matter stands. We are going to import wheat this year too,
because the yield will be poor in many regions on account of hail.
We shall import quite a quantity of wheat and we are already import-
ing it. We want to secure in advance that our people should eat
good bread and we shall export corn because we hope that the yield
of corn will be better than that of wheat, and that we shall be
able to export it. This is how the matter stands. This is
another proof that in our country conditions are improving
continually. While in Bulgaria and Hungary livestock is driven
away from the stables, while the last drain of wheat is taken away
from the peasants and while they are arresting them, we are happy
that we have abolished the purchase; This was a most unpleasant
matter which was always worrying us, but we had to do this, because
we did not have sufficient means to buy wheat abroad for our people.
Thus stands the matter with the import of wheat. We are going to
import other thingstoo and will export those of which we have more
than we need. This exchange is very profitable for the peoples.
Why should we not import something from other countries which we do
not have and which represents a very important article for the
nutrition of our peoples and export that of which we.have more than
we need. This exchange represents an important factor in inter-
national co-operation. We have taken this road and we shall con-
tinue on it and our reaction as well as the one abroad can say what-
ever it will. For u8 it is important to have bread. Our peasants
should not be afraid. They will be able to sell freely the pro-
ducts of their toil. That which the reaction.- is saying is
propaganda pure and simple. Our reactions are fishing in cloudy
waters but it will not be able to accomplish anything. Its
times have passed. All these attempts by old remnants are
unbelievably persistent, but they are fully sterile and have no
effect whatsoever. (Approval)
However, it would be wrong if we just waved a hand and said:
let them say what they will. No, we must struggle against them and
show them our teeth when they might become dangerous. Because there
are still people who might believe them and we cannot permit that
they quarrel with our people and create dissension within the people,
just as we have to pay careful attention that our reaction, particu-
larly certain elements of the Catholic Church and even of the Serb
Orthodox do not show% dissension and chauvinism towards our peoples.
Such occurrences exist and they are the result of these circles
which I lust mentioned. It comes from these circles, but I can
tell you here that the ground on which they tread is slippery
because in our country the constitution and law exist against people
who sprPnd national chauvinism,
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What purpose does this national chauvinism serve today? We
paid dearly and how much blood we shed for this unity which we have
today. Our men died smiling with'a song on their lips for the
greatest achievement which we have for the brotherhood between our
peoples. And how can we permit some declassed individuals to poison
this brotherhood and unity of our people? What are the reasons for
Chauvinism -today? There are no reasons whatsoever, Is Serbia
oppressing anyone today? Nobody She governs herself, struggles by
herself with her difficulties and is happy withAler successes. And
so with her also are the other peoples, Croatians, Slovenians,
Montenegrins, Macedonians and the peoples of B & 114 All our people
together are glad of 'successes because each people governs itself.
And why all this chauvinism? It is a naked propaganda of the
remnants of the class enemy which must disappear frni our ranks and
which will never permit them to disturb this brotherhood and unity.
(Approval)
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Reearding_the_problems and tasks of our co-ooeratives
Comrades, I would like to say a few words about our co-.operatives.
At the time when compulsory sales of certain crops were abolished, various
reactionary elements intended to derive some profit from that, that is to
disrupt co-operatives. They -began to claim that everybody has again become
his own master, that there is no need for joining a co-operative, since
everything might now be sold freely at a convenient price,and thus M*3 a
fortune. This is a mistaken calculation and; of course, we had that in
mind and teok necessary measures for ,the hiadrance of such efforts. Follow-
ing the abolishment of compulsory sales, co-operatives will only be at a gain
and will not suffer a damage. 0a-oparatives in their turn have also an
opportunity to sell their ereauce in the free market whereever they wish
in the same manner as private individual farmers and even better, thanks
to better possibilities for the cultivation of land and increased production
of agricultural produce. This is only one thing.
Secondly, we have not yet completed the organizational consolidation
of our co-operatives. Az you know, last year certain measures were applied
to amend errors previously made oetng to irregularities caused from above
in connection with the establishment of co-operatives; as a result, co-operat-
ives which showed to be absolutely passive as co-operatives of a hieher type
will be transformed into co-operatives of the general tyne, thus being adapted
to circumstances under which they exirt and work. Naturally, ac cording to
our present stand, in quite a number of co-operatives an appropriate system
of work has not yet been introduced, while as regards some co-operatives
they function satisfactorily,
We were abainst the Soviet methods and patterns which we had adopted
at the beginning and I must adnit that even now their traces can still be
found. In what do these methods consist? In the first place, comrades,
they affect the internal democracy anti the question of co-operative manago-
ment. Our peasants began to assume that if somebody joins a co-operative
he completely looses his own individuality, his independence, his freedom,
duo to the fact that he is economically ruined. In other words, that peasants
become only a part of the collective. ';le do not want anything like that.
We want thet members of co-operatives be a part, and a component part of
the working community, but being at the same time aware of their role of
socialist producers in agriculture who enjoy the same rights within a co-operat-
ive, so thet tore is no command over them from above, since they themselves
solve all erobleas affecting co-cperatives in a democratic manner. Further-
more, it was. incorrect when at the beginning following the Soviet
system some people wished to reckon that all members of a co-operative
were entitled to equal pay irrespective of the fact hew much they contributed
to it; as a result there was no stimulation. Anyhow, soee kind of a just
differenbiation must necessarily exist. This question should be amenied
in our co-operatives. Behaviour towards poor peasants is especially worth
eof criticisms, as well as that towards Peasants with a moderate income,
who have joined co-operatives without being able to produce anybhing
because of their aeedness. For example, hunsband and wife or individual
peasants contributed a considerable amount of property which they or their
ancestors earned in the course of many years toiling hard and now, When they
are incapable of workinee they were given nothing to live on. This is
incorrect, and contrary to the principles of democracy and socialism.
We must amend all similar errors. They must have adequate means for
living a descent life, although they may now be mfit for work having
worked hard in their young days.' (Shouts of approval.) These are things
which need to be amended. No honest people could claim it to be unjust.
In addition to is, a certain number of members ofeco-operatives
have the following stand: since the free sale is introduced, purchases
are also free, there is a sufficient supply of cereals in the market,
so that there is no need for co-operatives to exist any longer. I think,
comrades, that all such and similar opinions are wrong. Co-operatives are
an essential nreeeendition for a food supply in our socialist society.
But we do not follow one single strict pattern to be used in all parts of
the country. Some differentiations must substantially he.made. There are
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rich parts, fertile valleys, where by means of agricultural machines, tractors,
etc0 much cereals can be grown in an easy way. But in those part separate
individual farms represent an obstacle. Therefore it would be much better
to centralize them and work together, while in other parts, where there are
no suitable conditions for such a method of work, co-operatives of a different
type should be established. In certain places this might even prove unnecessary,
As a result we have already undertaken the reorganization of the existing type
of co-operatives in some parts transforming them into a lower type of co-operat-
ives, On the other hand it would be wrong to assume that in the Vojvodina, or
Backa, Slavonija and other rich areas where we have broad fertile plains we
can remain indifferent if efforts are being made on the part of various antio
national elements aimed at the disruption of co-operatives, or3limbers of
? co-operatives are incited from within their co-operatives to revolt, thus
causing their disruption. Be, co-operatives are needed and we shall try
to maintain them. Furthermore, we shall not only try to keep them, but
we shall also found new ones so that as many peasants as possible may join
them without being forced upon to do so but being aware of advantages of
being a member of our co-operatives. We shall attain this by assisting our
co-operatives. In future we shall continue to offer material- aid to them
to an even great extent than up to the present, according to our capacity.
We shall offer them aid so that they may -develop better. An early as next
year we shall allocate tigseer credits to our co-operatives. This year a
certain amount of aid in credits will also be assigned to co-operatives.
We shall in the first place supply tractors for our co-operatives. We have
already placed contracts for the purchase of further thousands of tractors
for use in our agriculture. We had to do that not only for the purpose of
keeping but also of strengthening our co-operatives and of extending them,
In that case co-operatives could be a true exeression of possibilities
existing in various parts as well as true,useful agricultural socialist
estates. This year already we have cut down the prices of industrial
products intended for use in the rural areas aPoUuting?itlevalue.to 705
billion dinaxt. This is a powerful stimulus for our co-operatives.
, Therefore, there is no sign of dissolution, so that this kind of
propaganda can also not be allowed, but amendment of the inner system of
work within co-operatives and strict keeping to the system of strict economy.
As soon as the system of strict economy be introduced in all of our -
oo-operatives, at the time when members werosmonthly to receive on hand what
they had earned, when they might be able of realizing how useful it is to be
a member of a co-,operative, then, our co-operatives will be consolidated to
a larger extent. Today we can already see that in all those co-operatives
where the system of strict economy has previously been applied, there is a
surplus of labour. This surplus labour leaves the rural areas to join
industry, assuming that there is no reason to work for 100 days a year only,
, or even 70, remaining idle for the rost of the year. This de not in the
interests of our socialist country. The distribution of work must thus be
made that all people work as much as they can and as much as is necessary
for themselves and the community. Therefore in our co-operatives technical
means must be used so as to render the work of their members as easy as
possible, enabling them to devote more time to cultural life. Therefore,
lot us work for the foundation and strengthening of co-operatives and not
for their disruption. Those who make plans for their disruption are greatly
mistaken, since they will not to be allowed to effect them. -There were come
rumours that I was also in favour of disruption of co-operatives. But this
was not true. I am in favour of improvement of co-operatives. I shall en-
deavour together with the comrades who work with me, to improve the situation
in cooperatives, so that their members may be satisfied, to avoid all irregul-
arities and introduce a truely democratic relationship in them. This is what
is nacessary. This will also be a stimulus to contribute to the strengthen-
ineof our aoej .27u.st.agr.teultura. ThAs is, comrades, what I wanted to tell you
Lliare
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I would further like to devote a few words to our common general
tasks.As you have already realized, we have quite a number of tasks to
deal with urgently. 7.3ut we could not and dared not keep our plans ca such a
broad scale as designed at the be,ainninc, having had no adequate means for
their fulfilment. One of the reasons is the break in relations with the
Soviet Union. We maintained quite as many illusions as to what we expected
to obtain from it. We have reduced our plans restricting ourselves to the
key objectives providing for a basis of our future development. In the
course of the current year in the main we shall complete the works on these
objects and only a limited number of those will have to be completed in
the coming year.
Comrades, not a sin4c citizens of our country, and here I am
making an appeal to our ioaaa people, should assume that now we can
cross our hands ard that the same kind of enthusiasm and agility at
work in all working posts and worksites located in various parts of
the country wherehey may be asked by comrades from republican and the
federal g-overnmeat'lwerk,is not needed.
You must carry on with your persistent work. Gradually, work is
going to be rendered more easy, since such efforts as demanded last rear or
in the course of the Previous years are no lcraer indispensaUe. Each year
work will gradually become even more cAasier. We shall build up socialism
gradually in a qaicker and bettor way. Our prospects are bright and clear.
I wish you much success in your efferiza comrades.
Long live the people of Serbia! Long live and flourish the Republic
of Scrbial Long live the fraternal ceaalunity of the peoples of Yugoslavia!
(Long live!)
Tho end of :speech of Marshal Tito was accompanied by a prolongued
applause and shetts 4Central Committee ? Tito%
After the meeting, Marshal Tit a received a delegation of the
citizens of :is headed by Badoven Pantovic, Secretary of the Town Party
Compittee, and spent some time in conversation with them. Upon poir
leaving, the members of this Cele.f.ation presented the Marshaledollection
of lintagraph illustrating the da.releament and building up of Nis.
(30RDA, July 7, 1952)
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HUNGARIAN SOVIET GCMTANY TLEGALLY HOLDS'C-N-TO
YUGL,SLAV VESSELS
(Vienna5t1T-Tari)
The Hungarian-Soviet shipping association which is in fact a
Soviet enterprise, has recently intensified its urgings that barges
salvaged from the Danube should be repaired on the basis of the
exisiting status of ? so-called "German property" There are
some Yugoslav craft among these barges. They are the former
Yugoslav barges nos. 805, 26,702, and, 463765, and also the barge
of the Danube Steamship Company no. 6,718 and barge no. 719. All
these barges are considered by the Hungarian-Soviet shipping
company to be their property.
The repair of these barges is be:_ng carried out in the shipyard
"Gant", that is to say in the former "Lackovic" factory for the
repair of boats9 and in the former Hungarian Danube steamship
company "Metr", which today is under the direction of the "Ganz"
factory. Although the "Ganz" factory in Obudi part of Budapest)
repaired 53 bots anC, barges from the Danube after the war, boats
with a carrying capacity or from 100 to 1500 tons, today the
Hungarian-Soviet bhipping uompany wj.11 not let them have a single
new vessel. All now boats go to thy.: Soviet Union.
(BORBA,- 6th July 1952)
COSTA RICAN AND OULTELMALAN ENVL,YS ARRIVE IN BELGRADE
The Ministers Plenipotentiary of Costa Rica and Guatebala, in
Rome, respectively Sr. Teodoro B. Castro, and Sr. Francisco
Concensa Galvez, arrived in Belgrade yesterday from Zagreb.
Sr. Castro visited the Ministry of Foreign Affairs at eleven
o'clock, and talked with Veljko Vlnhovic, deputy. Minister of
Foreign affairs, Sr. Castro also visited assistant Minister of
F oreign A ffairs Bogdan Crnobrnja.
(BaBA - 6th July 1952)
BURMESE DELEGTIUN IN SPLIT
TSplit 5th Ju1Y7
Headed by the parliamentary secretary of the Ministry of National
Defence in Burma, Brigadier General Co Zoom, the Burmese military
delegation arrived in plit this evening, by boat from Zadar.
The delegation consists of nine people. So far they have Visited
Belgrade, Zagreb, Ljubljana, Bled, hijeka and Zadar.
(BORBA - 6th July 1952)
FAST TRAINS )IRECT FRLE BELGRiiDE TO RIJEKA
Daily, from 5th July onwards, there will be a direct fast train
from Belgrade to Split, 'and Belgrade to Rijeka, which will
leave Belgrade at 20.15 hours. This train arrive in Split the next day
day at 4.38 hours and at Rijeka at 4.03 hours. A train will return
from Split daily at 22 hours and from Rijeka at 22.35 hours, and
will arrive in Belgrade at 15.20 hours.
(BMA - 6th July 1952)
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L?0'""
FIVE BULGARIAN SPIES CONDEMNED TO BE SHOT AT LESKOVAC
Today at 11 a.m, before the County Court at Leskovac began the
trial against Bulgarian spies Georgije Makarijev Zaharijev and
Ljubomir Vladimirov Ivanov and against a group of the band of
Ceda Stojiljkovic - murderer of the National Hero Pane Djukic
Aleksa Stojiljkovic, Todor Mi_losavljevic, Mileva Stojiljkovic
and Neste Marinkovic, The Jury of the court consists of the
President of the County Court Predrag Elezovic and jurymen
Cedomir Grujic and Dragi Mihajlovic. The indictment is to be
presented by the county Public Prosecutor Blagoje Gligorijevic.
The accused Georgije and Ljubomir escaped to Bulgaria in
1948. They were engeKed in the service of the Bulgarian State
Security and handed over to it data of intelligence character
about political and economic conditions in the FFRY. Under the
agents of Bulle7arian state security they finished a spy course
on the mountain of Vitosa where they studied how to move with
maps, with the compass, how to use arms and cameras.
Armed with machine guns, hand greaedes, revolvers, cameras,
propaganda hostile material and material for photographing they
crossed the border near the village of Strezimirovac on the 29th
of June at about 11 p.m.During tne two days that they were on
our territory, they photographed military objects in the
vicinity of the border, then the village Stazimirovci, the
surroundings of the mountain and tho peak of Vrtope and the
terrain around .Dobro Polje. The spies were caught by a
peasant from the village of Brod and handed to the authorities.
Both accused distributed propaganda material on the terrain
where they moved about.
The three other accused are members of the bandit group
of Cedomir Stojiljkovic and had the task to collect various data
about conditions in our country, to decoy persons for escape
into Bulgaria, for hostile work against the FFRY and to comit
murders of men in the leadership of our people's authority.
Bandit Cedomir Stojiljkovic, after having been smuggled
by the Belerr.arian State Security into our country-with his group,
linked with the accused, held meetings with them, assigned
them with tasks which they performed, Cede Stojiljkovic was
killed on the 30th of June by the National Hero Pane Djukic
who was also deadly wounded.
The Public Prosecutor endicted these three for the crime of
associating against the people and the state,provided under the
article 117 paragraph 1 of the Penal Code.
The sixth accused Mileva Stojiljkovic, knew that the bandit
Cedomir Stojiljkovic crossed into our country from Bulgaria
with the.purpose of committing espionage and other criminal
offences, and she did not report this to the people's authority.
The first accused Georgije Makarijev pleaded guilty. He
explained et the trial that he escaped to Bulgaria on the 24th
of June, 1948 with three associates as an adherent of the
Cominform Resolution. After coming to Bulgaria they were
questioned about the conditions in the FPRY. He said that
he received food from the Red Cross and that he was given
4000 lova monthly. For his espionage work he was first linked
with a certain Ivan Ivanov. Later on he met a certain Mirkov
who assigned with the task to cross into Yugoslavia. The group
was assigned with the task to photograph the trenches on the
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border and on the Vrtopa, what they carried out. They were
also ordered to use arms if the need arises. The accused
pleads guilty, confesses the crime, is aware of the consequences.
'. . and is penitent.
The second accused Ljubomir also pleads guilty, and expresses
regret. He confesses that hephotographed the terrain on our
territory where they were moving. Theyphotographed all more
important objects. He photographed machine gun_ nests on the
border, trenches and the mountain peak of Vrtopa. He also ?
distributed propaganda material
To the question of the presiding judge why did he do this
he answered that he was doing all this because such a task
was set to him being an emigrant,
Both spies werefurnished with large quantities of food
because they were ordered not to report to anybody, knowing
that they had no sup ort among the people.
? After examining the accused Aleksa Stojiljkovic, father of
the killed bandit Cedomir Stojiljkovic the trial was adjourned.
Continuing the trial the other accused were examined. Todor
Milosavljevic charges the accused Aleksa Stojkovic and asserts
that his son Cedo Stojiljkovic merder of the National Hero
Pane Djukic, came to him - at his home, to see him and asked
for facts about the number of military units and their armament,
in the vicinity of Leskovac.
Milosalvjevic further said that Ceda Stojiljkovic sent several
times messages to his father Aleksa Stojiljkovic asking for
some things. The accused Todor defends himself by saying that
he has not reported Ceda Stojiljkovic to the authorities,
because he was threatened by Ceda that he would kill him.
Mileva Djordjevic-Stojiljkovic was then examined. She is the
wife of Ceda Stojiljkovic. She knew about his stay, but has not
reported him to the authority because her father in law Aleksa
Stojiljkovic said that he would report Ceda.
Nada Marinkovic from Slatina, mistress of a Bulgarian spy
already during the occupation, when he belonged to the Bulgaria
fascist army and now an agent of the. State Security, was then
examined.
Then witnesses were heard. Jelica Ikic, a school mistress
from Veliko Trnjane, affirmed that Aleksa Stojiljkovic told
her once that his son Cead *as in Yugodavia, in the woods, and
that he even once oame to his father's house.
The other-witness Ljiljana Mille, a shool mistress, said
that three men come once to her school asking for data about
members of the Party and state leaders from Leskovac.
Public Prosecutor's speech
After the examination of accused and witnesses the Public
Prosecutor Blagoje Gligorijevic said:
"In the series of crimes which were committed in the course of
last four years against our country and olt- people is also this
cruel crime organised by Cominform bands under the directives
from Moscow and executed by Cervenkov's agency.
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Until last year there were over 1,500 border incidents
*of all kinds which were caused by Cominform frontier and other
bands on our frontier.
The smuggling in of bandits into our country, killing the 0
best scns of our homeland on tlie frontier, violations against
our dipiowatic representatives that is the system of Cominformists
in the struggle against Yugoslavia.
Two militiamen in the Piret district, one militiaman at
Jablanica one-militiaman and one frontier guard in the Dimitrov-
grad district, two militiamen in the district of Vlasotinci
were killed by those bandits, in our close vicinity,and now
the band smuggled into our country has killed the national hero,
great son of cur people, Pane Djukic, a fighter dreaded by the
enemies, Cetnks and the occupier whenever they heard that he
was engaged in fighting.
All accused are a component part of these bands, because they
are er7aged in the same work, on the same task, arc paid by the
same masters with the aim to enslave and destroy our country.
In their ranks are men who have nercilessly destroyed our country
and killed our men during the coond Wrol War.
The memory of the murders in Bojnik, Brestovac Kosancic and
many other places committed by the E.ulagarian fascists are still
in live memory, end now new victims are falling from the same
fascists only now under the leaaurship of Cervenkov and as they
say "great Stalin".
Then the Public Prosecutor Gligorijevic turned to the crimes
of each individual. He pointed out that all the accused are on
the same line and tnat all of them are emplo7ed with the
same master.
"Let all of them who dare to act against the achievements of
our National Revolution, know that they will have the same fate
as these accused and all others who threaten our freedom" -
emnhasi70 the Public Prosecutor at the end of his speech.
After that the defence was heard.
Sentence
The County Court at Leskovac punished the diversionists
with the following penalties:
To d,3ath by shooting: Georgi Zaharijev, Ljubomir Ivanov,
Aleksa Stojiljkovic, Todor Milosavijevic and Nada Marinkovic,
Mileva Djordjevic-Stojiljkovic to 18 months penal sevitude.
This.just?sentence was approved by applause by over one
thousand present citizens of Leskovae.
roaBA - July 6, 1952)
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TWO RUMANIAN 'PILOTS ESCAPE- TO OUR COUNTRY BY PLANE.
Yesterday morning between 7 and 9 am. two Rumanian fighter
planes -"Messerschmit" landed in Yugoslavia, with the Captain
Georgi Juo and Lleutenant Boris Konstantift?
After landing on our territory they stated that they escaped
from-Rumania with the intention to seek refuge from the Yugoslav
territory.
(BCRBA - 6th July, 1952)
THE FLIGHT OF TWO RUMANIAN PLANES TO YUGOSLAVIA: ESCAPES FROM
ITETIM-ITTVR-Na-MTEN-AR8 RECENTLY
As it has already been reported, the day before yesterday,
two Rumanian pilots with two "Messerschtit" fiters landed
on our terrdtory. Airforce Certain Georgi Juo landed at
Petrovac na Mlavi. and L,_eutLant Bords Konstantin at a field
near Alibunar
Lieutenant- Boris Konstantin, after landing stated that he landed
at Alibunar betause he was short of gasoline (lately the Rumanian
pilots receive small quantities of gasoline as to unable them
to escape over the frontier), started with Captain Juo and intended
to land in our country with him, In landing, not knowing the
terrain Lieutenant Konstantin with his '"Messerschmit" #319
had a slight accident so that the plane was rather damaged
That is why they removed the ? plane from the air strip and
took itto pieces; for repair, - ?
This is not the first case. of escape of s.eldioIrs of the
Rumanian airforce. If we turn back only for a few months
we shall recall the plane "Heinkel 111" which on the 13th of
March landed at the Belgrade. airport with five members of the
crew. It was then that the following,flew from the airport
at Brasova to our country: political commissar of the airforce
regiment Joan Tine, Lieutenant Joan Bukur, Lieutenant Dimitar
Picurka, sergeant Georgi Cure and sergeant Eugen Horhojanu-
radio telegraphist.
After landing they stated that"they could no longer bearl'.
the humiliation to which.they were subjected". Because the
Soviet military unite a:re .all over Rumania, ZoViet pilots are
bn .every.airport,?the airportS are completely in the hands of the
Russian airforce , Russian pilots are much better paid and equipped
than the Rumanian ones etc..,
The latest escape of two pilots with two planes from Rumania to
our country best shows' the attitude of the Rumanian airforce
towards the present satellite regime in Rumania. And not only
among members of the airforce. Escapes from Cominform Rumania
of soldiers of Military units, most often frontier guars whose
possibilities for crossing the frontierare much bigger than of
other people in Rumania speak about the intolerance towards the
rigid regime in the Moscow gubernia tf Rumania is very tense,
For the last five months 18 Rumanian soldiers, frontier guards
and soldiers of the airforce ? escaped to our country. If we take
into account the preventive measures, which were undertaken at the
Rumanian airports ? especially after the escape of five pilots in -
March, then it can be assumed that the latest escape of two pilots
with two planes is really an expression of unbearable position in
which the Rumanian people are today.
(BORBA - 7th July, 1952)
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PLENUM OF THE UNION OF THE CO-OPErLTIVE UNION oF M10EDAIA
(Skoplje, 5th July)
------Theep.4num of the Ceneral Ce-operative Union of Macedonia was
----h-eld today in Skoplje. The agenda consisted of two main items: the
development end prospects of peasant co-operatives ei a general ty-ae
and the introduction of an economic account in all 3easant working
co-o)eratives in Macedonia and in connection with it preparationsfbr
economic-financial plans in the co-o.ratives. A report on the
activities of the peasant co-operatioes was submitted by the Secretary
of the General Co-operative. Unicn of Macedonia, Dragan Trajnovski.
(BORBA - 6th July, 1952).
THE PLENUM OF THE CC OF iTh ?C.;PLE'S YOUTH OF SLOVFNIA HAS BEGUN
(Ljubljana, 5th July)
The 16th plenum of the CC of the People's Youth of Slovenia began
work. The plenum diseussed ideological and political activities as
well as the partic!_eation of youth in physical culture and cultural
societies end organisations.
At the-plenum was present the organisational secretary of the CC.
CP Slovenia, Vida Tomsic, Deputy Pre:ident of the Council for Culture,
Science end Education, Franc Kimovec and other representatives of
cultural and political organisationa and institutions.
The plenum centinues.
(BORBA - 6th July, 1952).
THE HANDING OlibR OF THr!-; AIDE MEMOIRtFS CoNCERNING TRI-PARTITE AID TO
YUGOSLAVIA IS EXAJECTEO TILLS .via3EK
As we are informed, the handing over of the alue memoires cen-
cerning Tri-Partite Aid for Yucslevie for the forthcoming period is
going to be presented next week.
With the exchange of the aide memoire of
negctietions began between the Governments of
and France on eee side, and YuLoslavia on the
the Tri-Partite Economic Aid in raw .materials
negotiations took place at Bled.
The obiect of the Tri-Partite aid was to enable Yugoslavia to
buy raw maarials for the period 1st August 1951 to June 1952. Yugo-
slavia was allocated for this period 120 million dollars. The USA
Government participated with 78 million dollars, Great Britain with
27.6 million and France with 14.4 millien dollars.
For balancing the deficit in the foreign trade exchange in the
second part of 1951 Yui;oslavia was allocated 50 million dollars.
About this matter our country was informed on 27th August 1951. Fot
the First half of 1952 Yugoslavia was allocated a further 70 million
dollars. The total economic gain was used for buying raw materials
necessary for our industry: coke,.anthracite, crude-oil and derivate;
technical grease, rolled materials, pig iron, cotton, wool, wool and
cotton thread, skins, natron-paper, rotary paper, aniline dyes,
fertilisers and so ferth.
In the framework of this aid, besides raw materials, the buying
of articles of mass consumption was also aaproved.
? An agreement in principle exists between the Governments of the
USA,?Great Britain and France, which was reached'in Washington this
year, that '11.4;oslavia should be given a further Tri-Partite Economic
Aid for balancing the payments balance sheet for the 'economic 1952/3
year.
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12th July 1951, .
the USA, Great Britain
other side; concerning
to our country. These
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The level and conditions of further eid are not yet known.
But an early presentation of the aide memo ire is expected, after
which will begin negotiations between the three governments and
our country cincernin4: the execution of this aid.
(BORBA. - 6th July, 1952.)
DIRECTORATES OF THE GOVEhNMENT OF B & H HAVE BEEN ABOLISHED
(Sarajevo, 5th July)
At the proposal of the Government of PR B & H, the Praesidium
of the PA PR B & H has issued a decree by which 16 main directorates
have been abolished. By this decree the Deputy Minister-President
of the Council for industry, Ilija Matejic, and the Directors of
the main directions have been relieved of their duties.
(F)0qA - 6th July, 1952).
THE ABOLISHMENT OF MAIN D1ReCTORATES IN SLOVENIA
A special communique which we.s published this morning made it
known that the presidency of the Praesidium of the PA PR Slovenia,
at yesterday's mectIng, issued a decree concerning the abolition
of all ten existing main directorates and seven other directorates
which were until now independent organs. /mother decree relieved
of their duties all the directors of the main directorates and
other directorates and the competence of these directorates has been
put under the leadership and control of the Economic Council of
PR Slovenia.
At this meeting, some illegal decisions of the Towns People's
Councils of Ljubljana and Maribor were considered, Decisions of ?
these committees concerning compulsory tips in catering enterprises,
concerning town tax on wine and epirits and cinema shows, as well
as the decision concerning the com)ulsory registration of dogs were
annulled?
(HORDA - 6th July, 1952).
AMERICAN-SLOVENES WILL VISIT ZAGREB AND BELGRADE
(Ljubljana, 5th July)
American progressive Slovenes who are staying in their old
homeland will make two long excursions in our country. One group
will tour by car North-Eastern Slovenia, Zagreb,. the birthplace of
Marshal Tito and the Croatian littoral and the second group will
visit Belgrade?
(BORBA - 6th July, 1952)0
CADRES FROM FEDERAL INSTITUTIONS GO TO ENTERPRISES AND PEOPLE'S
C7M1OiTTEr,,S
The Personnel Section of the Government of the FPRY has
Informed us that after the reorganisation of the federal and
economic apparatus, the following Comrades have been sent to work
in different republics. In Serbia, Eng.Uadimir 1:ujovic, Deputy
President of the Council for Industry and Building the FPRY
Government; Eng, Jovan Jankovic, Deputy President of the Council
for Industry and Building of the FPRY; Eng.Miodrag Pesic, Adviser
to the Council for industry and Building; Eng. Miroslav Ciric,
Inspector of the Chief Directorate for the Plan; Eng. Dragoslav
Mutapovic, Deputy Minister-President of the Council for Agriculture
and Forestry. To Croatia have been sent Eng. Zvonimir Pablo,
Deputy President at the Council for Industry and Building of the
FPRY Government; Eng, Miroslav Janousek, Councillor of the Council
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26
for Industry and Building of the FPRY; Eng.Ljubomir Babaric,
Director of the Directorate for Developing Production; Artur Stare,
Councillor and Head of Section of the Main Directorate of the Plan.
Eng. Vjeko Rubicici, Agricultural Eng,of the Council for Industry
and Building of the FPRY; Eng. Mile Ljubicic, Councillor, Head of
the Commissi 41 for Standardisation; Vladko Babic, Councillor of the
Council for Jurisdiction and the Building up of the People's
Authority.
To Slovenia, Eng.Bozidar Gustin, Deputy President of the Council
for Industry and Building of the FPRY Government; Mihail() Dermastia,
Deputy President of theCouncil for Industry and Building of the FPRY
Government; Eng.Bozo Kosin, Councillor, Director of Section of the
General Direction of the Plan;
For Bosnia and Hercegovina: Eng,Vladimir Langhofer, Councillor of
the Council for Industry and Building of the FPRY,
For kontenegro: Eng.Ivan Radenovic, Councillor of the Council for
Industry and buildin7, of the FPRY Government; Eng.Gojko Lukdd2c,
Higher Inspector of the Council for Industry and Building of the
FPRY Government.
For Macedonia: Eng. Anton Lebar from the Council for Industry and
Building of the FPRY Government; En.Slavko Milesavjevic, Councillor
of the Council for Industry and Building of che 171-RY Government.
All these comrades who have been put at the disoosal the People's
Republics will be allocated mainly to work in economic enterprises
and People's-Gammittees--
_---
(BORBA - 6th July, 1952).
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DO NOT DETACH
JOINT T
ANSLATION SERVICE
.SUMMARY OF THE YUGOSLAV PRESS
? This Bulletin contains translations from Yugoslav newspapers and periodicals. It is intended for the use of
the participating missions and not for general distribution. Accuracy of the translations is not guaranteed.
STATI NTL
No.657 INDEX 8th July, 1952,
P.1, Headlines Of Borba of the 8th July
P.2. Headlines of Politika of the 8th July
Headlines of Llpublika of the 8th July
*_
FROM BORBA OF THE 6TH JULY
P.3. Opening of premises of Franco-Yugoslav Society
Indian press on visit of Indian Socialists to Yugoslavia
P.4. Greek parliamentary delegation in Belgrade: formal luncheon
in Praesidium with Mesa Pijado
The reorganisation of the co-operatives (Article by Blezo
Djuricic)
P.9,
84 Anti-Labour activity of Workers' Council in Trieste
Trieste Youth Brigade to help build hydro-electric power plant
at Vinodol
FROM POLITIKA OF THE 6TH JULY
P.15. Gift from CARE to blind war veterans
P.22. Signs of the increased influence of military factors in the
policy of the West (Article by P.Milojevic)
FROM BORBA OF THE 7TH JULY
2.7.
P.10. Along the road to victory (Editorial)
2.13. New People's Heroes
Italian
P.15. End of timber conference between Yugoslays And/Trade Delegation
Yugoslav delegation returns fimsession of Danubian Commission
P.19. Leader of terrorist organisation appointed representative of
the Italian Government in Trieste
Greek parliamentary delegation visits Novi Sad and the co-opera-
tive in Lovcenac
FROM POLITIKA OF THE 7TH JULY
- P.15. Mass poisoning at celebration in monastery of Svet Naum
FROM BORBA OF THE 8TH JULY
P.13. Tendency towards violation of wage scales (Editorial)
P.16. Trial of monk forgers in Mostar
?.12. Lazar Kolasevski receives well-known emigrant George Bocev
Yugoslav emigrants in Brazil will send aid to war victims this
year too
P.20. Greek parliamentary delegation visits Arangelovac. and Topola
over/
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FROM BORBi, OF THE 8TH JULY
P.21. Telegram from the Greek parliamentary deleration to Marshal
Tito on the occasion of the 7th July
P.24, Costa Rican and Guatemalan Ministers visit Borba
P.25. Burmese delegation in Sarajevo
FTT: Mass meeting of shipbuilding workers
Meeting of Croatian Government
FROM POLITIKA OF THE 8TH JULY?
P.25. FTT: Italian misuse of Trieste Fair
FROM REPUBLIKA OF THE 8TH JULY
P.26, Visit of the Greek parliamentarians (Editorial)
*******
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HEADLINES
BORBA 8th July, 1952.
P.1. TELEGRAM FROM THE GREEK PARLIAMENTARY DELEGATION TO MARSHAL
TITO ON THE OCCASION OF THE 7TH JULY:
Congratulations of the President of the Praesidium of the
Assembly of Montenegro
Meeting of Croatian Government
? LAZAR KOLISEVSKI.RECEIVES WELL-KNOWN EMIGRANT GEORGE BOCEV
YUGOSLAV EMIGRANTS IN BRAZIL WILL SEND AID TO WAR VICTIMS THIS
YEAR
Celebration of the 7th July - Day of Serbian Uprising:
Marshal Tito present at reception in Praesidium of the PA
Serbia
Meetings held and war memorials unveiled in many places
throughout Serbia: celebrations in Belgrade, Bela Crkva,
Sremska Mitrovica, Kragulevac, Pancevo, Pristina, Krucevac,
Nis, Smederevo, Backa Topola, Bela Palanka, Novi Sad,
Zrenjanin, Pozarevac
Members of co-operatives in Bela Crkva place a wreath on
the grave of the People's hero Pane Djukic
TENDENCY TOWARDS VIOLATION OF WAGE SCALES (Editorial)
Negotiations in Pan Piun Jom: Cu En Li wants Nehru to
conduct negotiations in Korea: request conveyed through
Indian Ambassadoi. Jn Peking
Dismissal of Soviet Ambassador in Bucharest
P.2, PLENARY SESSION OF CC OF LEATHER WORKERS' SYNDICATES:
CONLITTEE REPORT DOES NOT COVER MANY PROBLEMS OF ORGANISATION
Letters to the Editor:
Can theatre artistes become members of the Academy of,
Science?
History of art - a scholastic subject in high schools .
Why is there such a weak interest in the study of the social
sciences?
Something concerning production possibilities of our industry
PO. GREEK PARLIAMENTARY DELEGATION VISITS ARANGELOVAC AND TOPOLA
Situation in Germany: West German Parliament before the
discussion on the Bonn agreements: Chancellor Adenauer will
be handed the answer of the Western Powers to the Soviet Note
on Germany, for his information
BURMESE DELEGATION IN 5AR4JEVO
Paris Chronicle,: Petain isnot the last Marshal of France
(Article- by. M.Vitorovic)
New deportations in Rumania
Soviet Command kidnaps woman in the middle of Vienna
Events in Egypt: Wafdists hold their first meeting since
their fall from power:
Sin i Pasha receives British and American Ambassadors
* Sudanese delegation in Egypt
Lenin's resignation from membership of the CC on the eve of
the October Revolution: article on John Reid's book "Ten
Days Which Shook the World" (Article by Rade Vujovic)
*
FTT: MASS MEETING OF SHIPBUILDING WORKERS
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P.4. New monetary reform in Bulgaria: whet you can buy with the
new Lev (Article by A.Petkovic)
GUATEMALAN AND COSTA RICAN MINISTERS VISIT BORBA
FIRST TRIP OF OUR NEW SHIP "VLADIMIR NAZOR"
Greeks oppose Extraordinary Session of UN
Congress of Republican rerty in Chicago: John Foster Dulles
gives Republican foreign policy programme (Report from Joze
Smole)
Conference in the High Court of Macedonia: the problems of
judges in checking crime in economy
Cominform newspaper "Avanti" drops in circulation by 2,000
copies
Situation in France: dissension in the de Gaullist movement
P.6. TRIAL OF MONK FORGERS BEGINS IN LOSTAR
Student societies formed in Nis end Kregujevac
New hydro-electric works at Bor finished (Article by
Dj.Bogojevic with illuatration)
The wheat harvest in Banat
Trial for embezzlement of co-operativc funds
Concerning the article "The case of a factory not being reia
habilitated"
Cheaper production is the hallmark of success
POLITIKA
P.2. FTT: ITALIAN MISUSE OF TRIESTE FAIR
P.3. Letter from America: a glance at New York (Article by Djuka
Julius)
NEW RECTORS OF LJUBLJANA UNIVEASITY AND TECHNICAL COLLEGE
?*
REPUBLIKA
P.1. VISIT OF THZ GREEK PARLIAMENTARILNS (Editorial)
One more victim (Editorial about Soviet oppression)
011r young people and voluntary work
13.2. THE IMPORTANCE OF DISCIPLINE AND SOLIDARITY IN SOCIALISM
(Part II of article by oStari Drug")
Truman defends defence programme
Fall in prices and the Lood condition of international markets
1).3. OUR FOREIGN TRADE IN THE NEW ECONOKIC SYSTEM
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OPEk,ING OF PREMISES OF FRANCO-YUGOSLAV SOCIETY
?1-Faris 5th July)
Today the Franco-Yugoslav ''ociety celebrated the open ing of its
club premises. Present onthis occasion were the vice-president of
the State Council, and honorary president and founder of the
Seciety Rene Casen, the former mlnister Alder Gasier, the president
er the L)ciety dean Casseu, a member or the International
Secretariat of the Peace Forum , N Butbien, the Spanish republican
general Riquelmet, the wellknowh French writer Claude Avelin, and
other wellknown artistic and cultured personalities of Paris, as
well as representatives of the Yugoslav Society in France "Brother-
hood and Unity", representatives of the French trades union
organisations, and other friends of Yugoslavia.
Present at the opening were the Yugoslav Ambassador ij France
Srcan Price, and the minister plenipotentiary of his Embassy, Sergije
Makijede, with other Embassy personnel.
Welcoming these present, the honorary president Rene Cassen
made a friendly speech in which he recalled the traditional friendship
and united struggle of the peoples of Yugoslavia and France against
a comilen enemy. He drew particular attention to the importance of
the Liberation Struggle of the Yugoslav partisans, who compelled
tae German HiAl Command to keen 25 divislons in Yuggslevia fer the
whole or the War. Thus the xugbsiov partisans neipeu the allies
and made a great contribution towards victory.
? Recalling the condition- under which this Society was formed in
Algiers in 1943, the present ptresident of the Society, Jean,Cassou
ointed out that it had been Frenchmen who had founded the Society,
ambers of the Free French Forces, etmthe time when they get to know
about the heroic struggle of 4arshal lite and his partisans.
?In the period after the war," continued Cassoul"the Yugoslav
partisans have struggled for the freedom anJ, independence ef thelr
country. The best example of this is the break. with the Ceminform
and '4,e. successful effort of a whole,people against the
shameful oppression of the Soviet Union and her satellites. The
Yugeslav partisans have shown the same heroism and 46cisien in the
freeing and deelopment of their country, as they showeC in time of
? war." Finally, Casseu poitited out thatethe whole world ought to
make use of the splendid and heroic example of the Yugoslays.
Ce4gratulating the 'Franco-Yugoslav Society on its fruitful and
successful work, Ambassador Srdjan Prica said,"We Yugoslays Yin
never fort thaA in the most difficult days of our recent past
at the time 61 the kiominferm attacks and blockade, it was
from the ranks of this society that the first voice was heard, which
proclaimed to the world its belief in the peace-loving nature of a
country which had fught for its freedom and independence," (Tanjug)
(BORBil 6th July 1952)
MHZ INDIA PRESS O?N THE VISIT OF THE INDIAN SOCIALISTS TO YUGOSLAVIA
"(75717ThiTTEE
TI d Indian press today carried a detailed account of the press
conference held the day before by the leader'of the Indian Socialist
delegation which recently visited Yugoslavia, Farida knsaria. Under
the heading "Indian socialist enthusiasm", the Delhi daily paper
Hindusteni Standard gave the Idetailed impressions of Farida Ansaria
during his journey thrugheut Yugoslavia. The newspaper wrote that
the measures by which/the decentralisation of Yugoslav economy and
political life was being attempted, were a "clear example olg the
consistent execution of Marxist principles concerning the withering
away of the state." The newspaper also published a photograph of
the reception given the delegation by President of the Serbian
government, Peter Stambelic. Reports of the press conference also
appeared in ether newspapers, such as Times'of-Idia and Statesman,
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FORMAL LUNCHEON IN THE PRESIDIUM IN HONOUR 6F II: zap:a DELEGATION -
*ES fR 0 di& 0. 0 Ci-0'.RAT 0 te0
Yesterday at 10 a.m. the Greek parliamentary delegation placed a
wreath on the Tomb of the Unknown Soldier at Ayala., The wreath was
placed by the leader of the delegation, Dimitrius Gondikas, Presi-
dent of the Greek Parliament,
Colonel Rade Knezevic, Assistant Commander of Belgrade, welcomed
the Greek delegation at Ayala. In addition to the members of the
delegation, the President of the Federal Council of the people's
Assembly of the FPRY, Vladimir Simic, People's Deputies Skender
Kulenovic, Slavoljub Petrovic end Dobrosav Tomasevic, and Dr.Slaven
Smodlaka, Head of the Protocol of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs,
were present at the formal placing of the wreath.
The Greek Envoy in Belgrade Spiros Capetanides, members of the
Greek Legation, Military Attache of Greece in Belgrade, Colonel
Epaminondas Vrettos and representatives of the Greek and our press
were also present at the wreath-placing ceremony.
After Colonel Rade Knezevic showed the final operations in
liberating Belgrade, the leader of the Greek delegation, Mr.Dimitrius
Gondikas, congratulated the Yugoslav peoples for their strong stand
in the battle for their liberation and proposed a minute of silence
for the fighters: who lost their lives in the battles for the libera-
tion of Belgrade;
Our visit will increase the friewilahip between Greece and Yugoslavia
At the reception in the City People's Committee in Belgrade, which
was held yesterday in honour-of the Greek parliamentary delegation,
the leader of the delegation,Dimitrius Gondikas, empressed the first
impressions of the Greek delegation in Yugoslavia in a talk with the
Vice-President of the City People's Committee of Belgrade, Sveto
Popovic.
Mr.Gondikas said: "With greet satisfaction we accepted the invi-
tation of the Yugoslav People's Assembly to visit your country.
Even before we left Athens your Ambassador, Rados Jovanovic, assured
.us that we would be satisfied. There is no need for anyone to assure
us now. We are very satisfied with our stay in Belgrade and announce
that what the delegation has seen during its stay represents great
progress. What your men have done deserves admiration".
In bidding farewell to the Vice-President of the City People's
Committee, Mr.Gondikas said:
"We arrived to establish friendship between our two countries.
This friendship already exists. We believe that our visit will
increase the friendship between Greece and Yugoslavia and that it
will be beneficial to safeolarding peace in this part of the world,
and for the good of both of our peoples".
Formal luncheon in the Presidium
The Vice-President of the Presidium of the People's Assembly of
the FPRY, Mose Pijade, prepared a formal luncheon yesterday in honour
of the Greek Parliamentary delegation.
Besides the members of the delegation and the representatives of
the Greek Legation in Belgrade, the formal luncheon was also attenaed
by the Vice-Presidents of the Presidium of the PA of the FPRY, Mesa
Pijade and Ivan Rus, Ministers of the Federal Government Milentije
Popovic, Svetozar Vukmanovic and Standje Simla, Vice-President of
the People's Assembly of Serbia Archpriest Milan Smiljanic, Assistant
Minister of Foreign Affairs Veljko Vlahovic.and the Head of the
Protocol of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Dr.Slaven Smodlaka,
many'People's Deputies, and representatives of public and cultural
lI fe.
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From the Greek side the luncheon was attended by members of the
Greek Legation, led by the Envoy Mr.Capetanides,and Greek newsmen
who accompanied the delegation.
During the luncheon the Vice-President of the Presidium of the
PA of the FPRY, Mosa Pijade, and the leader of the Greek parlia-
mentary delegation, Dimitrius Gondikas, exchanged greetings. In his
greeting Mosa Pijade said:
?I am lucky to have the opportunity to welcome our dear guests,
Greek friends and colleagues, and to wish that their stay in our
country will be as comfortable and pleasant as in their own homes.
I think that I am conveying the feelings of all of us if I wish
to express from this spot my assurance that the visit of the repre-
sentatives of the Greek Parliament to our country will mark one of
the significant moments in Yugoslav-Greek friendship.
All of us who have followed the development el he Greek-Yugo-
slav relations, especially, in the last few years, could satisfactor-
ily confirm that these relations, despite the existence of certain
unsolved problems, have become closer and more friendly from day to
day in order to develop into relations of hearty friendship.
Gentlemen, what could be More natural than two countries which are
neighbours to be guided to one another, which have many mutual ties
and interests, not only-from the present day but also from the
recent and distant past, whose mutual ideal is peace and co-opera-
tion in order to defend their national independence and security,
what could be more-natural than to have two countries, both conscious
of their positions, to start towards the realisation of such co-
operation which will best correspond to their, national interests
and mutual aims of peace which inspire them. Because of this we
are lucky to see that step by step, certainly and with full res-
ponsibility, both sides are manifesting, and on this occasion, a
spirit of understanding and friendship which corresponds to the
Profoundest wishes of our peoples.
The relations which are being realised today between our two
countries have'a solid foundation from the past, when the relations
between Serbia and later Yugoslavia and Greece, were hearty and
friendly. Naturally this lucky circumstance deserves to be high-
lighted by all of us. In it we can always find a bulwark and
inspiration for our mutual co-operation today and in the future.
But permit me'to em-Dhasiee that the New Federative People's Republic
of Yugoslavia which was created as a fraternal family of indepen-
dent nations in which all the peoPles received, for the first time
in history, full possibility for their independent national develop-
ment, does not only wish to create true relations of equal co-
operation with its neighbour Greece, but that codej it also disposes
with an incomparably greater real force-and moral authority which
guarantees this co-operation and which makes this Greek-Yugoslav
friendship 'a sure factor of peace in this part of Europe, which must
be taken into consideration. Gentlemen and comrades, this is why I
think we are nevertheless creating something new in our relations in
this territory which, much to my regret, -throughout history was
celebrated as a scene of serious battles, which were very frequently
provoked by scandals and intrigues which came from abroad.
Being that I dwelt on our peat I would like to confirm not only
that our two countries were never in dispute or at war with one
another, but also the fact that our peoples knew how to find the
road to one another during the serious moments in history, as was
the case during the First and Second World Wars. The experiences
of history, especially the experiences of the last world war, are
still alive in our feelings and they remind us of the serious
moments of aggression and enslavement which threatened our countries.
Today when the horizon shows the gathering of clouds which carry
apprehensions, it is worthwhile mentioning these experiences as well
as extracting their advice. I think we will all agree that there is
no need to doUbt that our peoples will know how to _MILL their mutual
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intere st s and to establish between themselves such a co-operation
which best suits them. There are many today who speak about forms of
co-operation and create these or those suppositions. However, permit
me to express my assurance that forms are not important and that'll%
even less vital and the thing that is decisive is what both sides
want, and whether we understand one another and for what goals we are
aspiring.
Gentlemen, colleagues and comrades, I don't want to leave an
impression of a man who is only viewing one side of the question,
even though this would be most ideal if it were possible. Just the
fact that our relations began to intensively develo7 a short time ago
very clearly speaks that it is necessary to persist .and further con-
tinue on the road which we have started to travel, wisely and with
consideration, avoiding everything that would hamper the development
of those relitions which are desired by both sides. I know that this
is not always easy and that the stubborn remnants of distrust and
sometimes suspicion and intrigue operate contrary to our desires and
endeavours. For this reason permit me to express my profoundest hope
that our two countries will be qualified to persevere on this road
for the benefit of their mutual prosperity, for the benefit of peace
in this part of Europe. Be certain, gentlemen and colleagues, that
the peoples of the FPRY and?their best representatives, headed by their
Government and Marshal Tito, in carrying out a peace policy and co-
operation with all countries, and specifically with the neighbours
which stand for the same principles, are developing the best desires
and sympathies for the blossoming of the neighbouring kingdom of
Greece and for the best development of our further inter-relations.
I toast to the further development of Greek-Yugcslav co-operation
and friendship".
The Greek people are sincerely confident in the necessity of the
papprochemeut between the two countries - stated Mr.Gondikes in his
greeting
In answering Mosa Pijade's greeting, Mr.Dimitrius Gondikas said:
"Mister Vice-President, gentlemen and dear colleagues:
In the first place Mr.Vice President, I wuuld like to fulfill my
pleasant duty of thanking you on behalf of the People's Assembly of
Greece, the colleagues present here and for myself for your friendly
and courteous invitation to visit your country.
With sincere enthusiasm and true satisfaction I listened to your
very friendly.words which your heartily addressed to my colleapues
and myself, in connection with the first visit of the Greek parlia-
mentary delegation to friendly and neighbouring Yu3oslavia. I know
that this participation at this manifestation is a real privilege
and we value its true worth. These few hours we spent in your
beautiful country have already shown us the traditional YuPoslav
hospitality and made us feel as though we were at home.
I can assure you that the importance which you have given this
visit of the representatives of the Greek Parliament is also shared
by us and not only by the members of my delegation but, and I am
assured, by the political parties which we have the honour to
represent and by the Greek public opinion. It is very fortunate
that our visit came at the same time when the noticable and constant
improvement of relations between our peoples, as you have very well
expressed, are becoming stronger and stronger so that they can deve-
lop, as we all wish, into a hearty and sincere co-operation. This
development does not only look natural to me but it flows forth from
the mutual interests of our peoples who are instilled with noble
ideals, among which the basic one is the protection and defence of
peace in this part of the world. Your words have awakened me, words
which have evoked our mutual past and heroism of both of our
countries Aptikiad1daRVe]aqbAtitOWAPCitiklibiA3tRaliFtittle213064010Pag oslavia
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became more than friendly and sincere, a past whicn is so precious
to all of our co-nationals and which will serve, ail,: I am sure of
this, to show us the road which we must follow in the future develop-
ment of relations between our peoples.
Finally, the fact that we _found ourselves shoulder to shoulder
during the past wars and the experiences which we mutually endured,
especially during the last World War, as well as the lessons derived
from our history, will ease this task for us which is of vital
interest to both of our countries.
Gentlemen, there is no doubt that new Yugoslavia with its
inflated force and its moral authority, and postwar Greece which
has become stronger and developed with its own efforts, together
represent a significant factor of peace and stability in this part
of Europe. Moving from this premise, I am convinced that our
peoples, in paying attention to the international situation" will
without a doubt know how to find mediums to protect their peaceful
development, which is urgent for their reconstruction and that they
will strongly resist all threats and intrigues which are directed
against their liberties, against the inviolability of their terri-
tories and their homelands. Before I finish, I would specifically
like to emphasise that which you have so capably highlighted, and
that is the fact that there were never any conflicts or wars between
our two countries, which have existed many centuries in good-
neighbourly relations and mutual respect.
This is the only example in history.
I am also fully certain, just like ynul Mister Vice-President,
that, despite the difficulties which ravage Ale world and which
have had their effect in our countries, our peoples ..ill stay on the
road which they have travelled in the past and which they will travel
in the future for the good of their interests and general peace.
The Greek people are sincerely confident inethe necessity of the
rapprochement between Greece and Yugoslavia, and fervently wish the
FPRY luck and progress".
I toast to the strengthening of Yugoslav-Greek ties". (Tanjug)
Greek parliamentary delegatiory. attendsthe presentation of the
"Legend of Ohridfl
The Greek Parliamentary delegation, which has been staying in
Belgrade for the past two days es guests of the People's Assembly of
the FPRY, attended last night'a presentation of the "Legend of
Ohrid" ballet, which was composed by Stevan Hristic, a Yugoslay.
In addition to the members of the delegation and representatives
of the Greek Legation in Belgrade, the ballet was attended by the
President of the Federal Council cf the People's Assembly, Vladimir
Simic, Vice-President of the Council of Nationalities Grga Jankez,
Secretary of the Council of Nationalities Skender Kulenovic, People's
Deputy Svetislav Popovic-Djero and others.
(BORBA - 6th July, 1952).
GREEK PARLIAMENTARY DELEGATION VISITS NOVI SAD AND THE CO-OPERATIVE
LOVCENAC
(Novi Sad, 6th July)
About ten o'clock today the Greek parliamentary delegation
arrived in Novi Sad, where a formal reception was held in its
honour in the auditorium of the Executive Committee of the Main
Committee of the AP Vojvodina.
In answering the greeting of the President of the Executive
Comittee Luka Mrksic, the leader of the Greek delegation Dimitrius
Gondikas, stated that during the course of its two-day stay in Yugo-
slavia the delegation noticed _great progress wtich w851-Luaised in
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Mr.Gondikas said: "Everything ti-at we have seen today incites
in us a pleasant surprise, for we have seen that Yugoslavia is rais-
ing itself with a quick tempo from the ruins of which even our
country was not spared".
After he stated that the Greek parliamentary delegation was given
a hearty welcome everywhere it went and the desire for co-operation
between Greece and Yusoslavia, the leader of the Greek delegation
concluded with the following words: "I congratulate Marshal Tito
and his co-workers for everything they have achieved in developing
their country, with the wish for their further successful progress".
In a talk with the representatives of the popular authority i the
members of the delegation showed great inte,est in the economic,
political and cultural problems of the AP Vojvodina. They were
especially interested in the development of the co-operative system
and the life of the national minority in the province.
The Greek parliamentary delegation also visited one of the
largest peasant working co-operatives in the Vojvodina "Njegos"
in Lovcenac. The members of the Greek delegation spent over two
hours talking with the co-oeerative members and inspecting the co-
operative buildings. (Tenjug)
The Greek Drees emphasises the hearty qtmosphere surrounding the
visit and the significance of the co-operation between the two
countries for eeace
44thens, 6th July)
In the comments concerning the visit of the Greek parliamentary
delegation to Yugoslavia, all of yesterday's Athens papers
emphasised the significance of this visit for the future co-
operation between the two neighbouring countries. The paper
Katimerini writes that "the visit of the deputies of the Greek
Parliament represents a significant step for the development of
co-operation between Greece and Yugoslavia" and that equality and
the mutual respect of the two countries form the basis for such
co-operation. The paper Acrepelis wrote about this visit and
emphasised it in its headlines by sayinz tl-Pt "good relations
between Greece and Yu6os1avia are a sure basis for peace in the
Balkans".
The paper Eliki Imera writes that there are no obstacles on the
road to good relations between Greece and Yugoslavia.
The Greek Ministry of Foreign Affairs also announced an official
communique on the stay of tht.: Greek delegation in which it
emphasised the hearty atmosphere and the excellent organisation
of the welcome. The communique reads: "It is expected that such
manifestations by the Yugoslav peoples and its Government will
dtrengthen the already close friendship between two neighbouring
peoples which is also the sincre Jesire of the Greek people and
its Government". This communique, which was announced in connec-
tion with some news that the stay of the Greek delegation in
Skoplje will be shortened, states that the programme of the stay of
the Greek delegation was drawn up by the competent services of
beth of the friendly countries, with the idea that the details of
the programme be worked up en the spot so that the Greek Deputies
would be able to get a more complete knowledge of all the sectors
of Yugoslav life. (Tnnjug
(BORBA - 7th July, 1952).
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ON THE REORGANISATION OF CO-OPERATIVES.
It is not long since the publication of the Instructions of the
CC CPY "On the future direction of the socialist transformation of the villages",
and our experience in Bosnia and Hercegovina is not so extensive. One oannot ex-
pect speedy results in nine months, as the village, the peasant and agriculture
are concerned. But mention can be made Of various wrong ideas and certain posi-
tive experiences.
Practice has shown that the introduction of the now economic
business system (economic accounting) is very useful and that the majority of co-
operatives have gladly adopted it. The new basitaoss system has revealed great re-
serves of labour and material, more so in the co-operatives than anywhere else;
it has exposed idlers and various non-workers. Economic accounting has made ?re-
lations within co-eperativos more acute, especially as regards co-operative mem-
bers who have pooled their livestock and equipment but have insufficient labour and
so cannot maintain their families on normal wages. Their position has not yet
been stabilised and this is one of the principal reasons for such members' submit-
ting applications to leave working co-operatives.
Instead of giving such individual co-operative members rent
(interest on their land or land-hire) regardless of what type of co-operative and
so insuring them, the majority of districts labour under misapprehensions in regard
to this question, and even resist paying rent. Certain district leaders of co-
operative unions and district political leaders likewise do not understand the
position of such co-operative members. In the co-operatives themselves those
members who have contributed least, but work and so earn most, often oppose payment
of rents.
There are instances of the co-oerative members' themselves solving
this question. With the help of the managing conurittees they have guaranteed the
distribution of monetary means also to those co-operative members who have no
labour, and so individual co-operative members are satisfied. But these cases are
rare. And it is almost a rule in the majority of co-operatives that this question
has not been finally settled, although a large majority of the members are agreed
that a portion of rent, whether from the social fund or in the form of rent or
interest on the land, should be given.
Certain managing committees of co-operatives, with the support of
certain district leading bodies, have tried to employ superfluous labour, which has
become evident espOcially in places where economic accounting has been introduced,
in the economy but without the consent of the people to be employed. This met with
strong resistance in co-operatives, No success was achieved in employing a number
of them on the development of undeveloped branches of the economy-and so extending
and increasing co-operative production.
In both cases it was a question of co-operative problems which can
be solved only by all members of the co-operative, and not by a selected section of
them, who often usurp the rights of members and solve matters vital to the co-opera-
tive over the heads of the members, Such bureaucratic tendencies in dealing with
co-operativo questions are very harmful and prevent the organisational consolida-
tion of co-operatives. They have therefore to be publicised and eliminated with
the help of all co-operative members.
Where the reorganisation of working co-operatives which have no
conditions for existence as working co-operatives of any type, is concerned, one can
speak of various tendencies which have clearly emerged in practice. On the whole
they can all be reduced to three fundamental tendencies.
Primarily, there is a frequent lack of a clear and definite economic
criterion as to which- working co-operative possesses no conditions for existence
as some particular type of working co-operative. Hence people lack the courage
either_to_abolish or reorganise such co-operatives, and temporise.
The second_tendency-is.for all...co-operatives to be reorganised so
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as to be agricultural with the initial characteristics of a working co-operative in-
cluded, or to reorganise co-operatives on similar types of working co-operatives.
This tendency is evident among our co-operative staffs and is very deeply
rooted. Fear of "discarding" the already existing types of co-operative, seems to
have become a rule in the minds of a large number of personnel on the terrain. This
is a serious obstacle to the correct solution of co-operative questions in general,
and particularly to the reorganisation of working co-operatives and their orienta-
tion to those branches of production which open up prospects for the development
of the agriculture of the region concerned.
Certain comrades expect the reorganised co-operatives - namely
those which have been directed towards suitable branches of the economy (livestock
farming, fruit-farming and similar things) - immediately to become profitable, an
impossibility in a short time. A certain continuity is here necessary. If no at-
tention is paid to this continuity, the result must be, as in the case of certain
comrades, no clear understanding as to how co-operatives should be reorganised.
All these tendencies are less evident than they were a few months
ago) but they still exist - in some places more than in others - depending on the
extent to which ideas on the old type of working and agricultural co-operative are
retained. Experience shows that where such conceptions are still fairly prevalent -
there is difficulty with the reorganisation of co-operatives and the co-operatives
are in all respects weaker.
But no one expected the old ideas to disappear overnight. A certain
length of time was needed for our cadres to detach themselves from the wrong kolhoz
theory and practice and to gain their own experience from now conditions.
The largest number of unsolved questions is still to be found in
those districts where comrades think that they can adhere to "the old method", and
that nothing need be changed. This attitude has resulted in their already beginning
to come into conflict with practical questions in the work of co-operatives. These
questions are all the more difficult to solve where their has been less general
political work on the terrain and where hostile elements have given their interpre-
tation to our measures in the sphere of economy (the abolition of compulsory bulk
purchase, economic democratisation, etc).
The new economic measures have considerably stimulated the interest
of each producer. The interest of members in the agricultural co-operative for the
development of a particular branch of economy is growing from day to day. It is
of fun&mental importance that our cadres should help and (dye correct direction to
this interest on the part of co-operative members. The more quickly they discard
old ideas, and the more they reach agreement with co-operative members and solve all
questions with their participation, the more quickly and successfully will the co-
operative movement develop.
(Sgd.) Blaze Djuricic.
(BOR, 6th July, 1952.)
AL CUG TEE ROAD OF VICTORY.
Today marks the passage of eleven years since the historical 7th
July, 1941.
The memory of that day does not fade from the minds and hearts of
the Serbian people, or the other peoples of Yugoslavia, because the 7th July was
the beginning of the People's Revolution throughout Yugoslavia.
Neither the Serbian people nor the other peoples of Yugoslavia
ceased fighting in those May days of 1945 when the guns became silent, they did not
stop half way. A new revolutionary period then began during which love for one's
homeland was shown and is shown in. deed and battle.
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On each holiday like this, therefore, we do not speak only of the
days of revolt and the years of armed struggle, but also of the days of groat re-
solution on the front of socialist reconstruction. These holidays are a kind of
sere'elleestoneeeoneour road to socialism.
And more than that. Our people celebrate each suel date of each
year with ever greater awareness of the rights and duties whioh tae further develop-
ment of socialist democracy gives them. Only a few years agee the principle of
workers' self-management was the ideal, but it is now a reality. Only a few years
ago many principles, whieh have already been put into operation in self-government
by the people and all other spheres of state and social life, forMed the program=
which had to be realised.
\
Of each such celebration we can also assert with pride that each
year the moral and political unity of the Serbian people and the other peoples of
Yugoslavia as well is over stronger and that it is more and more resolute and
firm in its determination to persevere in the defence of the gains of the People's
Revolution.
Not all the threats of the aggressors in Moscow, Sofia, Budapest,
Busharest, Tirana, etc., not all their calumnies, provocations and frontier murders,
have born fruit either throughout our country, or in the People's Republic of
Serbia. On the contrary, they have an opposite result& They have still more
firmly convinced our peoples that their struggle against the aggressors from the
East is right and just, and this has given them new strength to resist this aggres-
sion more successfully and more powerfully. And those hundreds of thousands be-
longing to national minorities, living in the People's Republic of Serbia have also
been convinced of tbis. Hence in this respect as well, the attempts of the im-
perialists from the East to spread hatred in the ranks of members of national
minorities towards socialist Yugoslavia and her peoples, haVe failed.
The Serbian people draw their strength in defence against aggres-
sion and in building up socialism, from the knowledge that there can be no better
life for them without firm brotherly relations and unity with the other peoples of
Yugoslavia. Even in the People's Rev4ution they fought to proVe, and did prove:
that they never had anything in comae; with the Great Serbian hegemonists who came
forward in their nem, From bands of $aid traitors - chetniks who adorned them-
selves with a Serbian ;lame, they resolirtely parted, just as they will in future
from all those who try to play upon the finest sentiments of fraternity and unity
of the Serbian people for the other l*Plee of Yugoslavia. This sentiment is
deeply planted in the heart of every Serbian patriot whose ancestors, many years
ago rising in revolt against the conquerors of that time, went into battle to win
freedom and unification 'on the basis of equality and fraternity with the other
peoples of Yugoslavia.
This dream of the old Serbian revolutionaries, as well as of those
of the 7th July, has been achieved in socialist Yugoslavia. Therefore, when today
throughout the People's Republic of Serbia, thousands of her sons gather in solemn
celebration of this holiday, the memory of the fighters of the People's Revolution,
as well as of all those who before them awakened and maintained in the people be-
lief in victory in those days when as in 1941 - 1945 it was worth while fighting
for freedom even at the cost of one's life, will be revived.
And this 7th July will therefore be a manifestation of the strength
of the entire Serbian people, who are prepared neither to bow down nor to retreat
before aggression, in order to protect the gains of that historic 1. day.
This means that today ap well they will be inspired with new
strength to continue along the path of socialist reconstruction, together with the
other Yugoslav peoples and in brotherly lommunity with there under the leadership
of their Party and Comrade Tito. In following this path they are deeply convinced
that in this way they contribute most to oonsolidating their freedon)and independence,
and se contribute?meest_to_theepreservaiion ,of peace in. the Tyar,Icli?
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The Serbian people have marked their entire progress since the
1941 to date with constant victory and achieve:Aent.
All conditions are present for this to continue in the future as
It is for this reason that, in spite of latent danger to peace in
the world and to the security of our country from aggressors in the East, the cele-
bration of the 7th July this year is so bright and joyful. Because of this the
prospect of a still better future for the peoples of Yugoslavia is evident.
(BORBA, 7th July, 1952.)
LAZAR KOLISEVSKI ACEIVES THE WELL KNOWN EMIGRAT GEORGE BOCEV
Today at 1 p.m. the President of the Macedonian Government
Lazar Kolisevski received our well known emirrant Georre Bocev,
President of the Chicaro committee for aid to Macedonia, who
returns to ;,merica one of these days.-
After the reception,George Bccev was uest= at the luncheod
riven ty the Fresiderit of the Government. President of the emiFraticn
centre of Macedcnia Dimce Mire and the writer Vlado Malevski were
present at the lunch.
Today at 11 a.m. President cf the Macedonian Government
Lazar Kolisevski received members of the People's Militia headed
by Lt. Cclonel Todor Mastevski and Kajor Janko Tcdorovski, spending
one hour in conversationi
On behalf of the People's Militia of Macedonia Lt. Colonel
Nastevski handed a ;rift to the Fresient of the Government -
a small cinema camera.
(BORBA - 8th July, 1952)
YUrVv7L'V if BRAZIL TO SEND AID TO WAR VICTIMS THIS YE TR TCO
Extraordinary meeting of the Yuroslav Committee for the relief of
war victims was held in Sao Paoplo. The meeting was attended by
representatives of the Yugoslav Embassy in Brazil and representatives
of the Brazilian Red Cross. Couhsellor of the Yu7oslav Embassy
Momcilo Cupic, expressed his thanks to the committee for the aid to
the Yugoslav war orphanst,and to the Brazilian Red. Cross for the .
surTort it pave to the Committee.
The Presi(lent of the Com-littee Mrs. Josephine Kadunic
submitted a renort peinting out that the Committee in the neriod
immediately after the war sent to Yu-roslevia through the Yuzroslav
Red Cross vardcus (roods in the value of over 8 million dinars.
The Y.zros1,1v committee for relief to war victims in Sao Paolo
is engaged to send similar aid this year too. ?
(BORA - 8th July, 1952)
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NEW PEOPLES, HEROES
By a decree of the Praosidium of the People's Assembly of the
FPRY, the following are decorated with the Order of National Hero for
outstanding unprecedented heroism in the struggle against the peoples'
enemies and convincing bravery and services during the Peoples'
Liberation Struggle from 1941 to 1945:
Babovic V. SPASENIJA, Dugalic MOMA, Kovacevic ZIKA, Ljubicic V.
RADOJE, Penezic S. SLOVODAN, Petrovic D. DUSAN, Stokovac A. JOVAN,
Todorovic M. MIJALKO and Veselinoy M. JOVAN.
The following are also proclaimed national heroes by the decree
of the Praesidium of the People's Assembly of the FPRY:
Bajic B. SLOBODAN, Bektesi A. MUHAREM, Cetkovic B. JELENA, Durak
R. EMIN, Kostic BLAGOJE, Kovacevic 0. RIDOVAN, Lisjak JANKO,
Radosavljevic DOBROSAV and Todorovic M. DIMITRIJE.
(BORBA - 7th July, 1952)
TENDENCIES TO VIOLATE WAGE SCALES
In some of the enterprises, cases have appeared of violation of
wage scales. This has not assumed broad dimension but, however, the
important thing is that it is already happening although wage scales
are not ready in all enterprises.
During the past few months, the working collectives have been
fixing for every one of their members the amount of his reward accord-
ing to his ability and efforts. This is an important task; perhaps
more important than the task of managing the enterprises because it
is the question of struggle for democracy, for socialist relationships
in enterprises and for socialist relations between enterprises and
the community. At the same time this is a precious school in the
further strengthening of this struggle for these same relations even
outside the framework of the enterprises--in the local community,
in the entire society.
The wage scale is a document which in fact fixes these relations
taking into consideration the specific conditions in each enterprise.
This document, at the me time, confirms that the job placement and
reward of each individual worker is the work of the entire collective,
an expression of the collective's will--consequently, a democratic act
in the full sense of the word.
The wage scale is a democratic institution which gives to the
working collective a guaranty that those things which are in the best
interest of the enterprise will be carried out (of course, within the
framework which the society has fixed). In this respect one may say
that the wage scale is a constitution governing internal relations in
an enterprise.
It is from this angle that one must view the dangers which result
from the tendencies to violate the provisions of wage scales.
There would be no sense at all in emphasizing the democratic role
of the wage scale and in insisting upon its strict application in
those cases where it has been introduced in a nondemocratic way, apart
from the working collective and against its will. As was described
at the recently held meeting of the Central Council of Labour Syndi-
cates, in seventeen metal enterprises in the Vojvodina, the wages of
some groups of workers have been reduced by 22 percent for all; the
majority of the working collectives are dissatisfied with the pro-
visions of the wage scales but, nevertheless, there has still been no
criticism of either the wage scale or of those who have introduced them
against the will of the collectives. In the "Pobeda? enterprise, the
workers are being paid minimum wages while officials are beina. paid full
salaries--and all this under the guise of wage scales.
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In such enterprises, a firm intervention by the Party and Labour
Syndicate Otganizations is necessary, rather than an artificial
supgartiftg-of the wage sales and of their provisions which were intro-
--ed in in an improper and undemocratic way.
However, on the other hand, it is necessary to firmly suppress
the attempts to change wage scales without the knowledge of the.
collectives even if some of the provisions of the wage scales are
not completely clear. If there are any changes to be made, they
should be made by the collective which introduced them, naturally
with the concurrence of the Labour Syndicate Forum. There are a
number of cases where various malcontents (mostly from technical and
commercial apparatuses of enterprises) have been calling on the
leaderships of Labour Syndicates and asking them that changes be made
in the wages scales in their favour.
In Zagreb 60 percent of all wage scales sent to Labour Syndicate
Forums with complaints have been taken there by the managers personally,
who have chiefly complained about.: their salaries. The Central Board
of the Federation of Seamen has received a complaint from leading
admistration personnel (commercial and technical directors, bookkeepers,
etc.) who have complained not about their own salaries but about the
salary of the manager although the manager himself is against any
increase of his salary. The background of such a demand is clear;
they wanted to have their salaries increased along with the salary of
the manager. Or let us take the case of the manager of the maritime
enterprise "Jadranska Linijan who, without the knowledge of the working
collective, has asked the Federation of Seamen to increase his salary
(above the amount of the salary which the manager of the largest
metallurigical enterprise has). And when he Was told to put such a
request before the working collective for discussion, he refused to do
so because he said "the workers will not approve this."
These few examples show the unsuccessful attempts made by some
people to' acquire privileges, and since they dare not face the working
colledtive in a discussion they seek support "from above."
The occurrences to change wage scales "since the situation on
the market has changed in the meantime" are more serious. This argu-
ment about a changed situation on the market is put up by some of the
metal enterprises of Slovenia. Some of these enterprises have all of
a sudden discovered certain reserves which were hidden at the time
when the amounts of wage funds were fixed. This represents P very
favourable ground for the remnants of bureaucracy of those enterprises
which consider wage scales to be a mote in the eye. They are acting
in a purely demagogical way: woie have more money than was envisaged
then and, consequently, the wages and salaries can be increased."
Such occurrences may indeed be dangerous. It is not difficult to
imagine in what an awkward position the enterprises would find them-
selves if they were to start increasing the amounts of wages and
salaries being carried away by some momentary market boom or by
buildine castles in the air upon the mistake made by the state apparatus
at the time of the fixing of the amounts of wage funds.
However, in such a case enterprises would suffer a greater damage
because they would let slip from their hends such an important instru-
ment in the struggle for democracy--the instrument being the wage scale.
It is in the interest of the bureaucratic remnants in the enterprises
to make various amendments and supplements and thus to compromise the
importance of wage scales. These elements are fighting against any-
thing that might tie their hands with the working collectives and
with the community as a whole.
(BORBA - '8th July, 1952)
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END OF CONFERENCE BETEEN YUGOSLAVS AND ITALIAN TRADE DELEGATION
TEEFTE-bITFUTIT
The conference between Yugoslays and the Italian trade delegation
which was exploring the possiblilities of a greater export of wood
to Italy from Yugoslavia, has come to an end.
On the basis of these talks a committee has been formed which
will consist of five members from each side. It has been deicded that
it will meet on 25th July in Italy. As a preliminary both delegations
will assemble and exchange data on various kinds of wood, variettes,
degree of dryness, measurements, types of cut, payment, arbitration
and pther conditions of export to Italy.
Both delegrtions will combine to try to hit upon an easier method
than the present system of bank clearence payments. The Italian
delegation has requested the division of our wooden hand made goods
into groups. In the first group there will be the products of woods
of Boni, Serbia and Montenegro, and in the second those of Croatia,
and in the third those of Slovenia.
At the end of the conference the leader of the Italian delegation)
Signor Scirati, b..xp-reesed the thanks of the delegation for their
cordial reception in Yugoslayia. He said that the first steps had
been taken towards strengthening the trade connexions between Italy
and Yugoslavia.
(BORBA - 7th July 1952)
YUGOSLAV DELEGrTION TO SESSION OF DANUBE COMMISSION RETURNS
The delegotipn which represented Yugoslavia at the Sixth Session
of the Danube uommission, returned to Belgrade last nighto The
delegation was headed by Minister PlenipotentiPrY Dragoj0Djuric,
Yugoslav uharge d'Affaires in Moscow.
(BORBA 7th July 1952)
GIFT FROM CARE TO BLIND WAR VETERANS
In the War Veterans Club 1 Braille wristwatches, a gift of the
'CARE organisation, were handed over to five blind war veterans.
Amongst those present at the ceremony was the chief of the Care
Organisation mission in Yugoslavia, Mr. Izbicki, and the assistant
president of the Council for Health and Social Policy of the
?Yugoslav government, g. Gustav Vlahov.
After the Presentation of the watches, Mr. Izbicki complimented
the blind war veterans, saying that the CARE organisation was very
satisfied that w th these small gifts much could be done for those
who had suffered in the Secend World War.
(POLITIKA - 6th July 1952)
MASS POISONING AT CELEBRATION IN MONASTERY OF SVETI BAUM
The day before yesterday there was a mass poisoning at a feast
at the monastery of Sveti Naum, near Bitolj..It is supposed that
the poisoning was caused by the flzito" (slava wheat cake) which was
eaten by those present after the meal. No deaths resulted because
aid was brought at once, from the Bito3j general hospital.
(POLITIKA -7th July 1952)
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_ TRIAL OF MONK FORGERS IN MOSTAR
( Mostar, July 7 ).
Before the Regional Court at Mostar began today the trial of Dr.
Smiljan Zvonar Guardian of the Franciscan monastery in Mostar, Ferdo
Vlasic secretary of the monastery, Gaudencio Ivancic junior abbot,
Darinko Brkic, Drago Stojic and their accomplices.for antite -state.
and public activities. The accused monks were very mach worried about
their shaken positions amongst the people. They had nobody left on
whom they moght rely in the Croatian villages in Hercegovina, because
the peasants did not believe them any longer. Therefore they decided
to discover people using different tricks in order to attract them
to the priests and alienate them from public authority. However these
people were serving time sentences. Some of them accused as war
criminals were serving twenty years sentences.
The "StrateAic Plan" of Zvonar and Vlasic
Muhamed Mirica, the Public ?rosecutor in Mostar, presented in the
indictment the complete "strategic plan" of Dr.Smiljan Zvonar and
Ferdo Vlasic, as well as their accomplices to saVe "their people"
from serving well-earned sentences in penitentiaries so that they
might exploit them again for activities against the people end the
country.
Dr.Zvona and his accomplices knew quite well whom they should
liberate from the penitentiary in order to get in return their help
in their hostile activities. The plan was skilfully made. At the
beginning money was collected in churches from the faithful which
was later used for bribery and forging of reprieves. The monks dis-
covered a way to liberate their people by bribing a court official
in Mostar Daut Karamehmedovic, a notorious alcoholic, who presented
them with forged decisions concerning the reprieves. (The Praesid-
ium of the PA sent decisions concerning reprieves to the Regional
Courts in the original text and the c-urts sent copies to the
different penitentiaries concerning the reprieves of prisoners).
Then the "reprieved" priests had to lie low ana to continue with
their hostile work as they did before the trials. Zvonar end Vlasic
believed that such people were reliable for activities e4ainst the
people and the country.
In the "strategic plan" the main role was played by Ivka Jurica,an
elderly peasant woman who blindly believed the monks. She carried
messages to Karamehmedovic, together with the monks' demands for
forging decisions cobcerning the reprieve of oondemned persons.
Karamehmedovic received for each forged decision concerning a reprieve
15,000 dinars, food, wine and rakija. This was all paid out to him
by Ferdo Vlasic.
Who are the "reprieved" per?ons.
Dr.Zvonar, Vlasic, Ivancic and Karamehmedovic "reprieved" the
monks Drago Stojic, SvetozarlPetric, Rajko Radicic, Mirko Cosic,
Bosilko Vukojevic, Nikola Dodik, Ante Herceg and others. Some of
them they "reprieved" and "lowered" sentences to others from 2 to 5
and more years. They also tried to liberate the monk Mijo Cujic
and some others but they failed in this case because their "strategic
plan" was already discovered. This plan was discovered by the
people. When the "reprieved" pe-sons returned to their villages the
people asked them how they were liberated because they knew about
their numerous crimes.
During the war the sentenced monks collaborated permanently with
the Ustashil converted and slaughtered the Serbs, and after the
liberation organised the escape of monks - war criminals, Dominik
Conic, Bruno Pancic, Mladen Barbaric and giving them needed foreign
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exchanger they sent them to the monk Dominik Mandic in Rome. The
monk Vukojevic and some others speculated with gold and dollars and
were in contact with the rebels and Krizar organisations and were past
masters in inventing different hostile slogans against the building-
up of our country. During confessions, the monk Cosic incited
Bozo and Marko Lovric to take ?to the woods and afterwards he helped
them.
jet... and who are their "liberators"?
The defendant Dr.Smiljan Zvonar was cloSely connected with the
Ustashi and fled before the Liberation Army. Immediately after the
liberation he continued with his hostile work in Zagreb where he
contacted the Krizar organisation, giving them financial aid.
Returning to Mostar he continued with his hostile activities, misus-
ing his position of guardian of the Franciscan monastery and meeting
Krizar couriers, through whom he sent help and information to the
rebels. At the same time he incited the people against public
authority, using masses in the Church and Confessions. He particu-
larly attacked the brotherhood and unity of our people, He said to
the witness Senkid that the situation in our country will change
rapidly, telling him about some Ustashi Government and army, Pavelic
and Macek. Ferdo Vlasic and others are no better than Zvonar.
During the interrogation the Court gained the impression that
Dr.Zvonar was guilty. The accused said that all people's enemies
always "stuck" to him and others who a priori considered the priests
as their best friends. He admitted that he organised the liberation
of war criminals from penitentiaries, in spite of the fact thatAle
was sure that they-would'continue with their hostile activities, even
after their "reprieve". Thus he confessed that he was guilty of
infringing. . the security of theestate arid the people and was not
10yal towards the people as is foreseen by the rules of the
Association of .catholic Priests
Zvonar was very suspicious about the fact that a simple court
official can "liberate" condemned monks, He knew that "something
was wrong" :just as it was wrong to: Five to Koramehmedovic large sums
of money from-the monastery's treasury. as a bribe for liberating
every individual criminal,
. When the condemned monks were liberated Zvonar told them to be
quiet about their "reprieve". "There is somebody who takes care of
you" - he used to say.
The condemned monks used a code in their activities. So, for
example, the word "costume" was the name of Ante Herceg who was in
a penitentiary, together with the monk Drago Stojic. In a similar
manner messages were carried from one monk to another for Karameh
Karamehmedovic through the peasant woman Ivka Jurica. Dr.Smiljan
Zvonar and his accomplices . "liberated" systematically those
monks and other condemned people whom they needed most because they
were the most biased enemies of the people and to exploit them for
hostile activities.
The trial is followed by.a large number of citizens from Mostar
and from the whole of Hercegovina. .The trial continues.
(BORBA - 8th July, 1952).
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ANTI LABOUR ACTIVITY OF WORKERS' COUNCIL IN TRIESTE
The secretariat of Professional Syndicates in Trieste
released last night a communique condemning anti-labour activity
of Vidali's syndicates and workers' councils in Adriatic shipyards.
The communique points out that the.workers' council betrayed
the interests of the workers in shipyards, who demanded the conclusion
of new contracts and increase of salaries and wages. Namely, the
leaders of the workers' council entered into negotiations with the
employers a few days ago, exactly at the moment when the greatest
number of workers was in strike.
The communique then emphasizes that the Vidali syndicates
backed such an attitude of the workers' council calling upon
wnrkr'rs to organise brief one hour Pnd two hour strikes, thus
preventing a wider spreading of the strike movement in the United
Adriatic shipyards.
United professional syndicates seek Trade Union freedom in the
Zone "A4 of the -TN
The conference cf the United Professional Syndicates in
Trieste demanded from the International Labour Organisation to
undertake certain measures in order to establish Trade Union
Freedom in the Zone "A" of the FTT. The letter of the United
Professional Syndicates points out that after the gap in syndicate
organisations which occurred after the publication of the infamous
resolution of the Cominform, the Cominform United Syndicates and
Syndicates of the Labour Exchange in co-operation with employers
prevented every activity of the United Professional Syndicates.
In this (way the United Professional Syndicates were formally
been given perelssion for work, but in practice they are constantly
exposed to attacks, slanders and terror. The International
Labour Organisation is requested to intervene with the Allied
Military Government and the International Bureau of Labour to
prevent discrimation of workers - membdrs of the Professional
Syndicate. This discrimination, as the demand of Professional
Syndicates points out, serves the irredentist interests of leaders
of Cominform United Syndicates and yellow syndicates of the workers'
councils.
(BORBA - 6th July, 1952)
TRIESTE YOUTH BRIOADE TO HELP BUILD HYDRO-ELECTRIC POWER PLANT AT
VINODOL
A brigade of 40 young men which will join the Yugoslav
youth on building the hydro electric power plant at Vinodol has been
set up in Trieste. .Many of the enlisted have already been working
in Yugoslavia. The Trieste youth brigade will work on the hydro
electric power rlant at Vinodol for three weeks and then it will
spend several days in the Croatian Littoral.
(BORBA 6th July, 1952)
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LEADER OF TERRORIST ORGANISATION APPOINTED REPRESENTATIVE OF ITALIAN
GOVERNMENT IN TRIESTE
Trieste newspapers report that the Cabinet of the Italian
Government appointed Diego de Castro, former professor of statistics
at the university of Turin as the Italian political counsellor
with the Allied Military Government of the Zone "A" of the FTT,
and the present prefect of Genoa Giovani Vitelli as chief director
of civil administration to the Allied Military Government,
The citizens of Trieste know De Castro as one of the leaders
of the infamous "Committee of National Liberation" (CNL) and as the
author of many articles against Yugoslavia. In his book "The
Trieste problem" which was published in Italy two months ago, De
Castro exerted much efforts to smear the reputation of our country
and the struggle for liberation of our peoplesrepresenting Yugoslavia
as a barbaric country with which it is impossible to maintain good
relations.
Today's issue of Primorski Dnevnik,publiehing the news about
the appointment of Diego De Castra as Italian political counsellor
to General Winterton, says among other things:
"How can ?a man who was in the leadership of the organisation
which has so much committed itself by organising terrorist acts
in the neighbourly zone of the Trieste territory be in the
re-organised administration of the Zone "A", even as representative
of the Italian Government, and what is worse in the capacity of a
counsellor (equal to the political counsellors of USA and Great
Britain).
How can one imagine the policy of reconciliation and
maintenance of peace in this part of Europe, when the leader of
the terrorist organisation CNL which till recently was "secret"
is being, appointed on one of the three so 'responsible posts of
the zone A.
How ean a man from the leadership of that organisation
which till recently supported the organisation of the well known
Fascist riots in Marchlbe appointed to such a responsible post?"
The act by which the Italian government appointed Diego de
Castro,leader of the terrorist-espionage, anti-Trieste, anti-Istrian,
anti-Yugoslav organisation, obviously bears a provocative 'character.
It is the proof that the Italian government does not care to establish,
the least normal neighbourly relations with Yugoslavia. On the
contrary it further carries out acts which are impairing; co-operation
in this part of the world.
A222intment of De Castra caus6s bewilderment in Trieste democratic
circles
The news that the well known irredentist and one of the
organisers of the "Committee of National Liberation" (CNL) in
Trieste Diego de Castro is appointed as political counsellor to
General Winterton, caused bewilderment in the Trieste democratic
circles. Slovene political circles in Trieste consider that this
step of the Italian government would be a serious gnti-Yugoslav
provocation and are pointing out that his arrival in Trieste would
still more impair the relations between the two neighbour
countries.
The circles of the independents are for the moment refraining
from comments, expecting the official communique. However, it is
emphasized in these circles that De Castro if nominatedlwill come to
Trieste exactly because of his hostile attitude towards Yugoslavia.
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It is considered in unofficial British circles that the
British and the American Governments will be against the
appointment which could be interpreted as an act directed
against Yugoslavia. In the circles of journalists from the West
in Trieste,they do not exclude the possibility that the news
about the appointment of De Castra as political counsellor was a
ballon d'essai of the Italian Government released with the aim
to test the attitude of the two western Governments concerning
this step. It is considered in Trieste that by appointing
the prefect of Genoa Vitelli as director of civil administration
in Trieste, the Italian Government desires to underline that it
considers Zone"A" as already annexed to Italy.
(BORBA - 7th July, 1952)
GREEK PARLIAMENTARY .DELEGATION VISITS ARANDJELOVAC AND TOPOLA
The Greek Parliamentary Delegation headed by the chief of
the Delegation Dimitrios Gondikas visited yesterday Topola,
Arandjelovac and Arandjelovacka Banja, where the Serbian Government
held a luncheon for the Greek guests.
Beside the members of the Delegation, at the luncheon given
in hotel "Sumadija" were present Minister of Serbian Government
and people's deputy Vlada Zecevic and people's deputy Slavoljub
Petrovic, who is accompanying the Delegation as representative
of the National Assembly of the FPRY. The Greek Minister in
Belgrade M. Spiros Kapetanides with officials of the Legation
also attended the luncheon.
Greeting the Greek Parliamentary delegation on behalf of
the Serbian Government, Vlada Zecevic underlined the significance
of the celebration of the Serbian National holiday the Seventh of
July. He then emphasized, that the peoples from Greece and Yugoslavia
had many things in common in the past and that this relation between
both nations always was beneficial.
"The Greek and the Serbian nations- said Zecevic - have a
common footure - the feeling of national consciousness and national
sensibility. Those who do not know the history of the Greek and
iugoslav peoples, often value this fact as a weak side. However
said Minister Zecevic we consider this as a wood thing because our
nations love their independence and dc not allow others to
interfere in their internal affairs.
It is a good thing that the Greek people's deputies visited
our country, said Zecevic. I consider that this is a good thing
for the beginning, because the stay of the Greek delegation in
Yugoslavia will contribute to a still better understanding between
these two countries and to a more close economic and cultural
co-operation between Greece and Yugoslavia.
In response to the greeting of Minister Zecevec, the Chief of
the Greek Parliamentary Delegation M. Gondikas expressed his gladness
that the Delegation is in Serbia on the day of the national holiday.
He stressed that the members of the Greek delegation in this moment
do not feel only as Greeks, but in the frame of this celebration
they feel as Serbs with whom they jointly celebrate this holiday.
"Ties which exist between our two countries, said M. Gondikas
are so strong that there is no need to speak in detail about them.
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I believe in the further deepening of these ties. Events which
took place in Yugoslavia and great men who appeared in them represent
a guarantee that our relations will be still closer'
Expressing his esteem for Marshal Tito, M. Gondikas at the end
proposed that the Greek delegation sends a telegram to the Marshal
on the occasion of the Serbian National Holiday - the Seventh of July.
General Georgios Kosmas, warrior from the three past wars
in the Balkans, in the introductory part of his speech pointed
out that during the three wars in which he took part he witnessed
the heroism of the Serbian nation. He said:
"This is a brave army, ready for sacrifice, an army of
exceptional stubborness".
"When the Serbian peoples united with-other Yugoslav peoples
and when new Yugoslavia has been created, I perceived with great
satisfaction that all the mentioned properties of the Serbian army
refer to the entire Yugoslav army. It is quite clear to me that
the merit for this belongs to Marshal Tito, because he is the man
who united them, who incited the spirit and ardour and brought to
the creation of the Yugoslav People's Army".
Greeted with applause, General Kosmas, ended his speech with
these words:
"We do not wish to fight against anyone. At the same time we
will not allow anyone to attack us. Should anyone attack us, then
we would carry out our duty in the same way as we did in the past."
From Arandjelovacka Banja the Greek Parliamentary Delegation
paid a visit to the Vencac co-operative in the of Banja near
Arandjelovac. After an one hour conversation with the members of
this co-operative the Greek guests re-tamed to Belgrade at 7 p.m.
(BORBA - 8th July, 1952)
POLITICAL EVENTS: TELEGRAM OF GREEK PARLIAMENTARY DELEGATION TO
HE
SFA TITO ON , OCCASION OF 7E SEVENTH 7-777---
. At the luncheon, which the Serbian Government gave today
at Arandjelovacka Banja in honour of the Greek Parliamentary
Delegation, Chief of the Delegation M.Dimitrios Gondikas proposed
a telegram to be sent to Marshal Tito on the'occasion.of the Serbian
holiday - the Seventh of July.
"It is a fortunate event that the Greek Parliamentary Delegation
is on the soil of friendly Yugoslavia on the day of the celebration
of the anniversary of Liberation Movement of Serbia Today we have
with ill our hearts taken part in the celebration of that historical
anniversary and attended the national manifestations.
We send to Your Excellency our warmest wishes"
(BORBA - 8th JIl1y,-1952)
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INTERN IONAL CHRONICLE: SIGNS OF AIDLIET)
Of m i.tzr fac or t #z;tern o ic (Signs of the increased influence
?fa C :so 0: war eons e russian General Karl von Klauzewitz
wrote 120 years ago that war represents a continuation of a policy applying
different means. If this appeared to be right more than a hundred years
ago, then it can be even more considered as correct nowadays at the time
of a total war.
Butothe problem which did not worry Klauzewitslhas been imposed today.
If war is really a continuation of policy, who does then have a decisive
word in war; politicians or soldiers?
At the time of absolutism, this question could not raise owing to
the fact that political and military power was identical. But, this
question has been brought about today, especially in the eat, whore
the authority has been divided up and the mentality of politicians
gradually more distinguished from that of military authorities,
The question remains how to determine their competence in a
modern war. That is to say, where the functions of a soldier begin
and the authority of a politician cease, and the opposite.
Logically, it would appear as if politicians take decision on a
war, while the generals conduct it. However, this is a very simplified
conception to satisfy professional people either in one or in the other
camp. That theory of Klauzewitzls the politicians are inclined to
interpret claiming to be their own responsibility to wage a war, while
on the other hand the generals like to believe that it is their duty
to outline policy as well.
Olemanceau, for example, cynically stated that war was an extremely
serious matter to be left to the generals. On the other hand, military
literature is overflooded with memoirs by German generals today - and not
only German ones - who endeavour to prove that Germany has lost the war
for the sole reason that it was not led by professional generals but by
Hitler who was only a dilettante in military matters. We still remember
the case of MacArthurts who accused the politicians of having prevented
him from winning the war in Korea by their interference.
MacArthur has been dismissed, but the latest eventsoccurring in
Korea indicate that the spirit of MacArthur continues to exist in generals
who are conducting that war. The sudden bombardment of hydro-electric
power stations on the banks of the Jal carried out by American aeroplanes
has provoked great anxiety in the West. One gets the impression that,
according to the manner in which it was perpetrated and time when it took
place, they harmed good relations among the Allies more than inflicting
a damage to the enemy, since thereby a deep differentiation between the
political and military stand regarding the conduct of war in Korea, was exposed.
As is known, the Jal is the frontier line separating North Korea
from China, and as to the hydro-electric power stations, they are dual
property. They do not only provide a supply of electricity to North
Korea only, but to a greater part of Manchuria included in the Chinese
territory, as well as to a certain section of Russian Siberia,
According to policy pursued by the United Nations, the Korean
war should be restricted to the territory of Korea alone and ended there
through an agreement. For this reason, since more than a yearls time,
truce talks are being held to this effect. Therefore, according to one
of its decision, the United Nations recognized the exceptional position
of those hydro-electric power stations, although they were located within
the Korean territory, assuming that the interests of the Chinese in
Manchuria or the Russians in Siberia could be affected, thus causing
the expansion of war.
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But the views of military factors are different. They consider
these hydro-electric power stations as military objects of first class
importance, which nobody denies, and accordingly liable to be subjected
to bombardments. In their opinion, they are even more so since industrial
plants located in Manchuria and Siberia obtain their power from them for
the manufacture of arms intended for use in Korea and procure electricity
for aerodromes in Manchuria, wherefrom Soviet aeroplanes with Chinese pilots
start when going to bombard the positions of the Allies in Korea.
This is logical, but according to such logics giving reasons for
the bombardment of hydro-electric plants on the Jal, one can also assume
that aerodromes in Chinese Manchuria as well as industrial plants located
even in Soviet Siberia, apart from those in Manchuria, could also be
bombarded.
Such were the intention of MacArthurls. In his own opinion, war
in Korea could only thus be promptly and successfully ended-0 Neftrtheless,
according to the opinion of responsible politicians, this would not bring
about the end of war, but on the contrary, would prolongue and expand it
indefinitely - as a result MacArthur was dismissed by the US, Government.
However, it is a fact that the bombardment which MacArthur was not allowed
to carry out a year ago, suddenly occurred now at the time when utmost
efforts are being made by the United Nations Organization for reaching
an armistice in Korea. This is an indication that military factors in the
United States have intensified their influence upon the conduct of U.S.
policy.
But this is not only the case in the United States.
In England, for example, this bombardment was met with utmost
anxiety. But, as Bevan stated in a lively discussion led in the British
Parliament, the Conservative Government and the military factors were most
upset because they were offended by American failure to inform them on this
action; provided that they were notified, the generals would see that the
Conservative Government agreed to this bombardment.
As a, confirmation of that we can take theptatements made by the
Minister of Defence Lord Alexander who recently spent some time in Korea.
Lord Alexander is considered as one of the greatest British generals
and he was sent to Korea to pacificate the American generals who more
frequently began to issue threatening statements which deteriorated the
prospects for anarmistice,by Using his 'groat military authority. Lord
Alexander had talks with his colleagues at Tokyo and Seoul, 'but after
these talks American generals were not pacificated. On the contrary,
Lord Alexander has become inspired by:fighting ahd began to make threatening
_statements in the same style used by the Americans. ,It has ben attributed
to him to have said to the British soldiers in Korea that their struggle
in Korea-represents the general rehearsal of the Third World War, If Lord
Alexander has actually stated that, then it is quite true that he did just
the opposite of what he was supposed to do and what for he was sent to
Korea at all. .
At the time when three years ago the British generals waged a
campaign for amnesty of certain German generals sentenced by British courts
as war criminals, the Labour Foreign Minister at that time Ernest Bevin
angrily exolaimed in the Parliaments "There is only one actual International
- that of generals,"
The interference of military circles is rather more strongly felt
In France. Recently Marshal Juan arrogantly threatened by the French
leaving of the United Nations ?rganization unless the U.N. stop criticizing
the French methods applied in colonies which led to a serious crisis in
North Africa. As to these methods, he was mainly responsible for them.
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Marshal Juan is gradually more openly making efforts aimed at
the rehabilitation of Petenis reputation. As a matter of fact, he is
not even being blamed for that since numerous people got the impression
that Juan himself would have behaved in the same manner as Pet en in
such circumstances.
These are the signs of our alarming days. Endeavouring to prevent
war from breaking out, the democratic peoples are urgently providing arms
for the defence of peace. This urge has evoked the psychosis diesembling
in itself numerous dangers. One of these dangers consists in the fact
that it contributes to the spreading of influence of those whose profession
the conduct of war is upon the outlining of policy currently applied.
Under the present circumstances, the alertness of those whose tasks is
to safeguard peace,is substantially needed.
(Signed) P.M.
(POLITIKA. July 6, 1952)
GUATEMALAN AND COSTA RICAN MINISTERS VISIT 3ORBA
Yesterday during the morning hours, the Envoy of the Republic of
Guatemala to Rome Mr. Francisco K. Galvez and the Envoy of the Republic
of Costa Rica to Rome Mr. Teodoro B. Kastro, visited the offices of Borba
spending some time in conversation with members of the editorial staff
and looking round the premises of Borba.
During their conversation, the guests stressed their strong
impressions of their journey through Yugoslavia and its achievements in
the building up of the country and high political mindedness of the people.
"Today Yugoslavia is making its own history", Mr. Kastro noted. Both Envoys
displayed special interest in prospects of trade between their two countries
and Yugoslavia.
Mr. Galvez and 14r. Kastro have up to present visited Zagreb and
Kumrovec, apart from Belgrade, and next Sunday are due to pay a visit to
a, peasant working co-operative in Srem.
(DaRDA, July 8, 1952)
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BURMESE DELEGATION IN SARAJEVO
rSarajevo, 7TE-JUIT--
The Burmese delegation, led by Mr. Cho Nien, Secretary-General of
the Anti-Fascist National Freedom League, and Mr. Tin Maung Gi,
Charge d'Affaires of the Burmese Embassy in Belgrade, arrived here
today. The delegation was met at the airport by Hakija POZBERAC,
member of the Cabinet of Bosnia and Hercegovina, Ilija MATERIC, member
of the CC CP Bosnia and Hercegovinia and Sulejman CISIC, Director of
the Information Bureau of the Government of Bosnia and Hercegovina.
During their stay in B & H, the delegates will visit the metallur-
gical plant at Zenica, the hydro-electric power plant at Jablanica and
some enterprises in Sarajevo. The delegation will then proceed to Split.
(BORBA - 8th July, 1952)
S.DRT NEWS FROM TRIESTE: SHIPS
The workers and employees of the shipping companies "Lloyd",
"Italia" and "Adriatic" at a joint meeting held on Sunday protested
against the decision of the "Italia" company that the administration
of two Trieste vessels VULCANIA and SATURNIA be transferred to Genoa.
It is said in the protest resolution that this decision inflicts great
damage upon the shipping in Trieste and upon the economy of Trieste as
a whole. (Tanjug)
(BORBA - 8th July, 1952)
NEWS FROM THE FTT: ITALY ABUSES TRIESTE TRADE FAIR
"Trieste, 7th July)
The paper Corriere di Trieste writes that the most important
reason for the poor ?interest in the Trieste Trade Fair should be
soUght.in the fact that this fair has.no international character.
Thanks to the management of the fair, it has been reduced to the
degree of an ordinary Italian provincial fair. According to this
paper, the Trieste Fair has been poisoned by the blind Italian
nationalism and turned into a Centre of irredentist propaganda. The
:paper pays that the city and fairgrounds are flooded with Italian
flags; that a strict rule of custom duties has been introduced on
.goods brought for exhibition at'the fair,with the exception of goods
from Italy and that the exhibitors are being forced to conclude their
businesses through Italian clearing houses. As an example, Corriere
di Trieste -cites the high custom duty. on Yugoslav wines and alcoholic
drinks whichewas introduced solely' for' the reason to make it impossible
for Yugoslav products to.compete against Italian products.
The paper concludes that the management of the fair, by its
nationalistic policy, has created such a. situation that many of the
countries no longer are participating. in the fair, as. for example
Greece, or have reduced the volume of their exhibits, as for example.
Austria and Yugoslavia. (Tanjug)
(POLITIKA - 8th July, 1952)
MEETING OF THE CROATIAN GOVERNMENT
77-greb, ,th trTirjY--
At its today's meeting, the Government of Croatia considered the
drafts of the laws: on peoples' committees of districts, municipalities,
towns and town municipalities; on election and recall of members of
peoples' committees and on amending and supplementing the law on the
Praesidium of the People's Assembly. All these draft laws have been
submitted by the Government to the Croatian Assembly which will meet
in session on Monday, 14th July.
(BORBA - 8th July, 1952)
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VISIT OF THE GREEK PARLIAMENTARY DELEGATION
At the invitation of the People's Assembly of the FPRY, the Greek
parliamentary delegation arrived in Belgrade to visit the FPRY. The
delegation was composed of members of the Liberal Party, Progressive
Union Centre (EPEK), Greek Rally Movement, Agricultural Party--a total
of fifteen delegates headed by Mr. Dimitrius Gondikas, President of
the Greek People's Assembly. Besides Belgrade, the delegation will
also visit Novi Sad, Sarajevo, Zagreb, Ljubljana and Skoplje and will
spend eleven days in our country.
*****
We congratulate the representatives of the Greek people and
sincerely wish that their visit will serve to strengthen the friendly
relations between our countries. Our peoples strongly support the
policy of good-neighbour relations, mutual understanding and active
defence of peace. We are certain that the Greek delegation will
establish this fact during the course of their visit in our country.
They will also be able to establish that the total efforts of our
people are directed towards the development of new social relations,
based on justice and law, in the spirit of socialist democracy. Such
efforts can only be successfully performed in peace, liberty and full
independence of the country. But peace does not only depend upon
good will and sincere aspirations of the peoples, even less on propa-
gandist,pacifist reports or bragging, but upon a genuine peace policy,
sincere recognition of equal rights for all peoples in the world and
upon an unyielding determination to defend a country's freedom and
independence from any aggression regardless of its source.
In today's restless world, mutual rapprochement and understanding
between states and peoples, the strengthening of their friendship on
the basis of equality of interest and duties, has a special political
significance. But when Greece and Yugoslavia are in question--whose
peoples' pasts did not contain any contrary interests and never were
in open conflict, who for ages had the same historic fate and during
the struggle for national liberation and later were linked with
solidarity of interests and as Allies--then this has special political
significance. Our people.know this; there fore they are certain that
this visit comes at an opportune time.
For decades certain notions were designated with the following
expressions in the diplomatic-political dictionary; Eastern question,
Balkan problem and even the Balkan "powder keg.," They were really
dealing with the persistent battles of the Balkan peoples--for ages
oppressed, fighting for freedom and independence--and, contrary to this,
about the influences and interests foreign to these peoples, those who
dominated international relations on the principle of "balance of
forces." We are dealing with spheres of influence and imperialist
undertakings on those terrains on which today's civilization started
and on which the struggle of the oppressed and non-autonomous peoples
for liberation and complete emancipation began. The process, which
is still going on today and which has expanded, is still spreading
far in the East. In this sense, the struggle of the Balkan peoples
is the forerunner of this process. In the struggle for the realiza-
tion of these legal aspirations, the eeoples of Yugoslavia have their
recognized and honourable place. The idea of the solidarity of the
Balkan peoples, to which they are devoted on the basis of general
international solidarity, is still today suffering heavy blows.
Therefore, the renewal of the traditional friendship and the adjustment
of inter-relFtions on the basis of equality and mutual understanding
between Greece and Yugoslavia represents a matter which comes of
itself and has a special significance for the preservation of peace
in this pert of Europe.
(REPUB4IKA - 8th July, 1952)
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JOINT TRANSLATION SERVICE STATINTL
SUMMARY OF TI-IE YyUGOSLAV PRESS
This Bulletin contains translations from Yugoslav newspapers and periodicals. It is intended for the use of
the participating missions and not for general distribution. Accuracy of the translations is not guaranteed.
No,658 INDEX'
P.1. Headlines of Borba of the 9th July
P.2. Headlines of Politika of the 9th July
P.3.
FROM BORBA OF THE 6TH JULY
P,7, His double (Commentary by Jasa Levi)
FROM BORBA OF THE 7TH JULY
P.10. Ethical education in secondary schools
P,20. How Slovenes ltve in Italy: Venezia Giulia - a lawless country
(Article)
Headlines from the provincial press
9th July, 1952.
* FROM BORBA OF THE 8TH JULY
P.4. Plenary session of the CC of the Leatherworkers Syndicates:
Committee report does not cover many problems of organisation
P.5. First voyage of new ship "Vladimir Nazor"
FROM POLITIKA OF THE 8TH JULY
P.5. New rectors of Ljubljana University and Technical College
FROM REPUBLIKA OF THE 8TH JULY
P.6. Our foreign trade in the new economic system
FROM BORBA OF THE 9TH JULY
P.11. Giving more independence to the working collecttves (Editorial)
F.13. Ambassador Ivekovic visits President of Bundeztrat
Increasing number of emigrants from Y-slavia come to visit
their homeland
P.14. Two Bulgarian bandits injure one of our frontier guards
Two Rumanian Frontier guards escape to Yugoslavia
High-ranking American officers pay friendly visit to Yugoslav
Army
P 15
Meeting of Committees of PA of B & H
Representatives of Yugoslav Red Cross travel to Canada
Yugoslav_Grodk Trade Agreement prolonged
P.16. Ten Albanians escape to Yugoslavia
Fishermen in Zone B of the FTT can fish in Yugoslav; waters
in future
Italian pretensions towards our territory: Rome Ministry con-
tinues to send circulars to Zadar
P.17. FTT: De Castro appointment alarms people of Trieste says
Primorski Dnevnik
A candidate of the Liberation Front has been appointed Mayor in
the Zgornik municipality
The leadership
paiRprimitF9rimpe zemiusrm.:eak-14/Pg&catiSR01123(1% I f0194 z ma wakes
s supporters
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FROM BORBA OF THE 9TH JULY
P.18. Moslem conference in Pristina
Assembly of Association of Orthodox priesthood in monastery
at Kaliste
P.19. The abolition of the Economic Council of the Main Executive
Committee of the Vojvodina
. *
P.22. Greek Parliamentary Deleg6tion travels to Sarajevo
*
P.23. No changes in Danube Commission
SUPPLEMENT OF TRANSLATIONS FROM THE PROVINCIAL PRESS
FROM NOVA MAKEDONIJA OF THE 1ST JULY
Xc
P a? PreRled, organ of the Association of Economists and the
Association of Juriits? of Macedonia
Xc
FROM SLOVENSKI POROCEVALEC OF THE 6TH JULY
Xc
P.a,
P.b.
The baptising of children of Party metbers
Clergymen refuse to pai their iamis
********
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?
HEADLINES
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BO4A 9th u1y 1952
P.1. GREEK PARLIAMENTARY DELEGATION TRAVELS TO SARAJEVO
TRIESTE PRESS COMMENT ON MARSHAL TITO'S SPEECH IN NIS
REPRESENTATIVES OF YUGOSLAV RED CROSS TRAVEL TO CANADA
MEETINGS OF COMMITTEES OF PA OF B. & H.
Economic councils of Chief Executive Committee of Voyvodinato be
abolished
-*
Plenary Session of CC of People's youth of Montenegro
Lively markets after-the harvest: price of new wheat ranges
between 1,700 and 1,800 dinars per 100 kilograms
BULGARIAN AUTHORITIES SEND TERRORISIS INTO YUGOSLAVIA: TWO
BULGARIAN BANDITS INJURE ONE OF OUR FRONTIER GUARDS
THREE ROUMANIAN FRONTIER GUARDS ESCAPE TO.YUGOSLAVIA
AN EVEN GREATER INDEPENDENCE OF WORKING COLLECTIVES (Editorial)
HIGH-RANKING AMERICAN OFFICERS PAY FRIENDLY VISIT TO
YUGOSLAV ARMY
Cohgress of American Republican Party in Chicago: Eisenhower
gains psychological victory Over question of delegates
whose papers have been rejected
.
P.2. Plenary Session of CC of PeoOle's Youth: anxiety concerning
young people's education concerns the whole of society
ASSEMBLY OF ASSOCIATIONS OF ORTHODOX PRIESTHOOD IN MONASTERY
AT KALISTA: MEMBERS OF THE ASSOCIATION VILL HELP IN THE
STRUGGLE AGAINST SUPERSTITION
Letter from the citizens of Vlasina to the CC CP Serbia and to
Petar Stambolic
MOSLEM CONFERENCE IN PRISTINA
Reorganisation of the economic apparatus at Kosmet
Letters to the Editor:
Helping the development of democratic forms of Government
Co-operation of experts with People's Committees
On the payment of royalties to foreign authors
Proposal for adopting new forms of print
Lack of attention to travellers
P.3. NOTHING HAS CHANGED IN THE DANUBE COMMISSION: STILL AN INSTRU-
MENT OF SOVIET HEGEMBNOUS..POLICy
YUGOSLAT.GREEK TRADE AGREEMENTS PROLONGED
AMBASSADOR IVEKOVIC VISITS PRESIDENT OF BUNDESTRAT:
Yugoslav Ambassador in Western Germany lectures 611 socialist
democracy in Yugoslavia to Bonn students
TEN ALBANIANS ESCAPE TO YUGOSLAVIA
_FISHERMEN IN ZONE B OF THE FTT CAN FISH IN YUGOSLAV WATERS IN
FUTURE
*
1-7
(
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P.3. ITALIAN PRETENSIONS TaARDS OUR TERRITORY
FTT: DE CASTRO INTENDS TO MAKE AS MUCH DISTURBANCE ABOUT
TRIESTE AS POSSIBLE SAYS PRIMORSKI DNEVNIK
TRILSTE BOATS IN ITALIAN HARBOURS (Article by Mladen Petrinic)
War in Korea: North Koreans reject proposal for a renewed
classification of POWs says Radio Peking
Schuman concerning the answer of the Western Powers to Soviet
Note on Germany
4 Czechoslovak soldiers escape to Western Germany
Acheson's visit to Brazil: US recognises Brazilian leader-
ship in South America, says British paper Globe
P.4. Security Council considers first point on the agenda
Iranian Senate asks Shah to decide new President of the
Government himself
British Government adopts proposal on denetionalisation of
road haulage:
Trial of Soviet spy in London
London press on statement by Dean of Canterbury
THE PRESIDENT AND THE SECRETARY OF.THE PEOPLE'S COMMITTEE
(Article by Aleksandar Jovanovic)
Internal problems of France: Assembly passes vote of confi-
dence in Pinay's Government
TRIAL OF MONKS IN MOSTAR FOR FORGERY
EVER-INCREASING NUMBER OF EMIGRANTS COME TO VISIT THEIR
HOMELAND
The young people of the Moravica district delay competition
of organisations in the Titovo Uzice region
Surplus accumulation for the development of Zenica
Wheat harvest begins in Semberija
Dez attacks Vasilje Luka, Anna Pauker and Georgeski
Delhi has not yet confirmed report about mediation
New York Times criticises MacArthur's speech -
*
Another kidnapping in Western Berlin
POLITIKA
P.1. Letter from Bonn: a third variation: what there is to
recommend Freiderer's Plan on the German problem (Article
by D.Lapcevic)
P.2. Republican convention: time of anxiety in Chicago
(Report from local correspondent)
P.3. The checking of economic crime: the care of state property
is the responsibility of those who administer it
Extended credit for third quarter of the year in Croatia -
480 million dinars
F TiffirNi VII-SRTIasSTIFYNPV. tdieG830VIIMPAQ.PRIV?9-3
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_3?
NOVA MAKEDONIJA
July 1, 1952.
P.1. Overcoming of malaria in Macedonia nears completion.
r.3. iTregled" (Review) ? Organ of the Association of Economists and the
Association of Jurists of Macedonia.
P040
Intensification of health action in Macedonia undertaken by medical
experts from Skoplje and other people's republics of Yugoslavia,
New products made in Skoplje: the first electric welding transformer.
List of prices of agricultural produce in Tetovo.
July 3, 1952;
Full report on the Sixth Plenary Meeting of the Central Committee
of the Macedonian OP.
Ten year program for the improvement of agriculture in Macedonia.
SLOVENSKI POROCEVALEC
July 3, 1952;
P.1; The Gobs mine is to produce 30,000 tons of magnesite by the end
of this year;
P.20 Some 300 Slovene children are to upend their summer holidays in
Austria,
P030
Cement obtained at Trbovlje is in great demand abroad.
July 5, 1952
P.1. Meeting of Slovene co?operative members in Ljubljana.
Another achievement by the Croatian industry: electric furnace for
melting of copper and other metals..
Regular bus service from Zagreb to Plitvicka Jezera.
P.2. Vatican is glorifying Fascism.
P.3. ARP exercises to be carried out in the Littoral and a part of the
district of Ljubljana.
July 6, 1952
P.1. Mechanization of agriculture in Slovenia attained through imports,
P.2. A new broadcasting station on'Ticka.
A local razor blades factory is to manufacture 2,000,000 blades monthly.
P.3; End of meeting of Slovene co?operative members in Ljubljana.
Clergymen refuse to pay appropriate amount of taxes.
Regarding the baptizing of children of Party members,
*
List of-more_people who. have-returned,from Germany, Argentina and Italy..
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PLENARY SESSION OF CC OF UhTHER UORKERS' SYNDICATES: CONmITTEE
RE/ORT DOES NOT COVER NANY PROBLi',NS OF ORGANISI,T1ON
The ninth plenum of the CC of the Leather Workers' Syndicates
was held in Belgrade.
In the name of the CC the report was presented by MihajloJevtio,
member of the CC. The greatest part of the report encompassed dis-
cussion concerning the Social Plan end tariff rules in enterprises.
Besides the successes they obtained certain weaknesses were also
established. The great difference in wages between individual
categories of workers was particularly stressed, For example, in
the enterprise "Triglav" the wages of employees on work of secondary
im)ortance. (such as couriers end charwomen) are greater than the
wages of the semi-skilled and ordinary labour. These workers did
not participate sufficiently in discussions during the drawing up of
tariff rules. In fact, many of them are now making their coffplaints
the momeatthey felt irregularities in their new wages.
The technical and hygienic-health protection of work in leather
enterprises is not on a high level. ? In the past three years 13
deaths and 1,188 injuries-to workers, serious and otherwise.
The report of the CC did not encompass many problems of
syndical organisations. In the report the successes obtained in
different sectors were recorded only. However, there was not a
single ward concerning the work of Workers' Councils and practical
experiences of the syndical organisations. On the basis of such a
report one gets the impression that the CC did not prepare
sufficiently this plenum and that the plenum was called out of
formal reasons in order to approve the final accounts for the past
year and the budget for this year. This is all the more so because
the last plenum was held a year and a half ago in December, 1950,
Tariff rules occupied most of the discussion. This is quite
comprehensible because this WS in the last months one of the basic
tasks of the syndicate. But, weaknesses in the report reflected
also on the discussion. Not many spoke concerning problems of their
organisations but presented on the other hand their reports by
sectors.
Ivies Horvat, the President of the National Committee of Leather
Syndicates of Croatia criticised the activities of the CC, particu-
larly because it did not aid organisations in Croatia. In.the
afternoon Zivorad Djuric? member of the CC of the Syndicate, pointed
out most convincingly the mistakes in the tariff rules, He
criticised also some parts of the report.
After that the final account for last year. Pnd the budget for
this year were approved. Ultimately it was decided that the third
congress of the Federation of Syndicates of Leatherworkers should
be held on 21st December of this year in Belgrade.
The pJanum concluded its work.
(BORBA - 8th July, 1952).
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' CUR FOREIGN TRADE IN THE NEW ECONOMIC SYSTEM
r?,
%irnq Ste 39?20411PaRMPf8;iwnWolq,A?04,1
,ARWAt the end
of 1951 did away with the rigid centralism in our foreign trade
activity, about which there was mention in the last issue of
112.pub1ika and which, by its existence came into conflict with the
basic hypothesis of our new economic system. Besides the jobs in
connection with constructing key objects; that is, concluding and
paying for investment equipment for them, and lobs in procuring
goods from the funds of the economic aid which the USA, Greet
Britain and France are extending to our country and which have
remained concentrated in the Federal Council for Industry and Public
Works, all the other import-export jobs were transferred, from the
beginning of this year, to the People's Republics. The Republic
Councils for Industry formed administrations for import and export
which handled the foreign trade on the territory of their republic.
Their role was similar to the role of the former Ministry of Foreign
Trade but in a milder form and smaller scale. This is how each
republic had its material and foreign exchange plan about which it
was concerned; a special foreiLn exchange account at the National
Bank on which the realised foreign exchange for export of products
was recorded after the deduction of a certain perco:ltage for the
fund for the procurement of key investment goods and general public
needs. The republic administrations for import and export indepen-
dently disposed with these foreign exchange funds; they had
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uovecnment, represents a really great step in licerelising une ie6J.me
of our foreign trade. The new Regulation and provisions which went'
into effcc93tpreMediF56r Fieli1seagfinYCO11: CIAMEIIEU0941gRTIMM cf66/4elations
with foreign countries contains primarily the following:
Only economic organisations from the socialist sector can engage
in import-export business, and that is only those that are registered
with the competent state agency as importers or exporters.
No permits or licenses are any longer necessary to engage in
import or export business or permission necessary to make payments
abroad.
The economic oranisations independently dispose of the foreign
exchange funds they collect for goods and services with the excep-
tion that they are obligated tc turn one part of funds, at the
present time 55%, to the National Bank according to the official ex-
change rate for the fund for covering the general state needs:
national defence, construction of key projects, state debts and
interest, expenses of diplomatic representetionsand similar.
The importers may use the remaining 45% for making payments
abroad or:sell it to other exporters at the foreign exchange centres.
ts part of its republic centres, the National Bank founds foreign
exchange centres at which you can buy or sell foreign exchange funds,
but no longer according to the officialparity of the dinar, but
accordin- to th r so by supply and demand,
naturallmcg-14%swel2g41 -ww PRIOR0IVIA0139RA. B enk.
(Sd.) Ek. (REPUBLIKA - 8th July, 1952).
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7
HIS DOUBLE (Commentary by Jasa Levi)
Accidents sometimes happen in politics. They also occur in
espionage.
The Russian Director General of the former enterprise "Juspad"
in our country was called Ivan KONONOV (Juspad was the former joint
Russian-Yugoslav trading company-Ed). The Russian Secretary-General
of the Danube Commission at Galatz is also called Ivan Kononov.
The former and the present Soviet "general" expert on the Danube
have the same name; in fact, they are the same in body too, because
Ivan Kononov is his own double.
Had it been known before that Kononov of Juspad would be
accused in court in Belgrade as the organizer,of an espionage net-
work, then it is possible that he would not have been sent to
Galatz under the same name. They would have called him Ivan Ivanovic
Ivanov, as they usually do when sending compromised spies to other
places to do their specialized jobs. As it is, they have made a
mistake, but nevertheless the specialist for the Danubian question
has remained in his special sector.
His task in Yugoslavia was to become God's representative for
all our questions concerning the Danube as well as the collector of
our wealth for God's treasury. As a sideline he had to finish some
minor espionage jobs: to see in what situation our coal mines are
and where they sire located; to find out in what' condition our motor
dredges are and how many there are; to investigate how much adapta-
tion work has been done on our Danubian vessels and what socio-
political adaptation it is necessary to do in order to adcustom the
workers of Juspad and possibly of other enterprises to work for the
Soviet intelligence.
But sinceour peaceful Danube has swollen, the Director General-
Spy has swum a little further down the Danube in the Rumanian sector
in Galatz.
It is from Galatz that Ivan Kononov commands the entire Danube;
that means that he has been promoted. But the Yugoslays are again
spoiling the whole show. Kononov, the Secretary-General of the
Danube Commission, is not being left in peace by the Yugoslays, for
they will not accept the Moscow idea that the Danube is a Russian
river.
*****
Dishonest dealings--short friendship
This is not the whole of the story about Ivan Kononov. It is
not the end of the story about the misfortunate joint stock company,
whose Director General he used to be.
One day", Kononov had an argument with an ordinary. Yugoslav who
had the misfortune of going into Juspad. "I have never allowed any-
one to ride me, and I won't let this fellow ride me either," said
the Yugoslay. And that was the last time he saw that institution.
On another occasion, a suitable person was sought for the post
of manager of a river shipyard. Neither of the candidates fulfilled
the conditions until someone was struck with the idea of appointing
Mirko JUGOVIC.
"That's a good idea," said Kononov, rubbing his hands and turning
to Jugovic, "You are -n o t. in the People's Front, the Party or the
labour syndicate."
Shortly after that, Jugovic was asked by Kononov and by other
Soviet experts for navigation on the Danube: "Pre you aware whom
you are ShCrriA f gnr.riaggirelint.69apkOrA6M9RW11:e_. Not long ago
Jugovic caerie. this aware7=e-bT' i'tliirlingP90) jail.
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Ivan Kononov, on his part, took to Galatz the data which Jugovic had
supplied to him together with other spies decoyed by him, Kononov,
and by his other conationals.
This is a kind of reward: everyone has received something for
his work. However, in the Juspad enterprise there were accounts much
larger than the figures reflected. For example, under the Juspad
agreement, the USSR undertook to receive as gifts the shipyards on
the rivers, to engage Yugoslav labour force and other personnel,
that Yugoslavia should do all the ground work and that in exchange
for all this, from Moscow there would come a few precious "experts."
However, the account continued to grow: the USSR had to put
into Juspad 4 million dollars for the expansion of shipyards and
2 million for material and new objects, That is where things were
stuck; because obviously it is much more difficult to bring money
from Moscow than to take it from the country in which the joint
company is located.
The epilogue was: the USSR put into Juspad 60 million dinars
(about 1 million dollars) which it had previously borrowed from the
Yugoslav National Bank.
Together with this gift, Juspad received 4 jewels: Direltor-
General Kolonov, Chief Engineer Kudirski, Enineer Gavrilovic and
Section Chief Klimakov.
The only joint companies which thR74SR managed to form in
Yugoslavia, Juspad and Justa, very soon7snown the way out along with
the four jewels. Moscow would not like to get compensation for
damages by turning the Danube Commission into a general joint (Soviet-
Russian) company.
However, Yugoslavia does not like dirty dealings.
*****
Sofia pis:tures
In the Bulgarian Ministry of Foreign Affairs some very wise
planners rave invented an extraordinarily clever diplomatic gesture:
they have announced that they are restricting the movement of
Yugoslav diplomatic personnel, but at the same time they have made
it known that there exists a possibility of considering the possible
expansion of the area of movement for those who are no longer in
Bulgaria!
In other words, from now on Yugoslav diplomats will not be able
to move about in Bulgaria, but they should be satisfied in knowing
that it will be possible for them to discuss this matter with the
Sofia branch of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs in Moscow.
However stupid this may appear, it appears still more stupid
if one takes into consideration the fact that the proposal came when
our diplomats had already left Bulgaria because of the unheard-of
break into our Embassy, the impossible conditions of police banditry
and because of various actions.by Bulgarian police, actions which
long ago were transfered from diplomacy to criminal films.
Thus the history of Yugoslav-Bulgarian relations has recorded
yet another feat performed by Sofia against sound reasoning.
The kidnapping feats performed by Bulgarian gendarmes have made
impossible the existence of our diplomats on that gnnster terrain.
*****
Shepherds instead of generals
A s rious qandldate ha a lost: General Casti-lioni has not become
Italian
?WtilerProlleltW 26/14/96/INICIPHIPWA11445g9:490MIPRA had made
such a fine plan.
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To be quite frank, this is not the first time such an intention
has failed: In 1940 Rome did not succeed in overcoming and commanding
Greece for the simple reason that the Greeks were better fighters.
However, there is a story about a military leader who, after ten
defeats, won a victory the eleventh time. Therefore, by imagining
themselves in the role of military leaders, the strategists of Rome
are starting a new battle in the Balkans every time they are defeated.
When the Turks threw them out of their territory, the Greeks
from the Dodecanese Islands and the Yugoslays from Dalmatia, etc.,
the Italians aspired to Balkan command which those stupid Balkan
people would not agree to--however, the Italians continue persisting.
By giving due credit to their persistence, one mustnote, however,
that in the Balkans the one thousand one hundred and eleventh battle
will end no differently than the preceding battles.
But how can one convince the people in Rome of this? They will
never stop insisting. Instead of a General, Commander of an Army,
they have now invented another more naive tactic: they have decided
to send to Greece and Turkey their humble shepherds, Papal Nuncios,
who will in a fatherly way look after the Greek Orthodox and Turkish
unbelievers in Christ.
However, it appears that Athens and Ankara, very probably because
of their Balkan backwardness and lack of understanding of-the comfort
which the Vatican would provide for them, are very slow about deciding
to accept Italian missionaries.
And so events follow one another; Italian armies come to the
Balkans and are driven away; other attempts are made without blood-
shed, but the peoples of the Balkans will not accept commanders
either; the Vatican offers its spiritual shepherds for their sinful
soul, but these atheists will not hear of it--
And so it is, as Rome has always said: These people of the
Balkans are not cultured and will not accept unselfish, cultural
commanding services from RomeI
In Bircaninova Street
One of our newsmen has applied for a passport visa to one of
the neighbouring countries. The official of the Legation of that
country has not been lazy and has collected all the articles written
by this newsman about Trieste: "Now look, are the writer of these,
articles and the holder of this passport one and the same person?
How would it be if you apply for this visa in a couple of months?"
I would not like to guess when this neweman will get his passport
visa,but I may freely say that if a.:bishop or some other representative
of certain foreign interests were to apply for passport visa to this
country, he would most certainly get it. Howeverlsince the Yugoslav
newsmen are against expansion and aspirations to their landsltlwshould
remember that the Legation keeps a file-card system in which all their
articles are.recorded. If this file-card system is properly kept in
the Legation, the building in Bircaninova street will have to be
expanded, because as long as there is no good will on the other side .
for normal and friendly relations -- it is clear that our press will,
in a patriotic way as heretofore,defend our historic and national
rights,
(BORBA 6th July, 1952)
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ETHICAL EDUCATION IN SECCNDARY SCHOOLS.
The entire training in the secondary schools is also
orientated on moral education. Various scientific disciplines which
are beim- studied in these schools in various forms are also forming
the moral model of the students. This has up till now been one of
the chief tasks of training in our schools so that important results
have been achieved.with respect to moral education. Love towards
the socialist homeland, new points of view towards work, inspiration
with progressive achievements of our and other peoples, brotherhood
and unity of our peoples as the greatest revolutionary achievement -
all this has been created and consolidated also by means of fixing
various problems in our secondary schools. By further improvement
in textbooks, programs and other educational media the importance of
various problems will be increased for moral education of students
in secondary schools.
However all this is still not sufficient for the complete
formation of the moral model of students of secondary schools--
the builders of socialism in the near future. The work on this job
contains much more system than heretofore because the socio-economic
development in our ccuntry already now demands more and more
participation of the entire collective in the management of economic
and social life. The members of the collectives should have the
corresponding moral stamp. Systematic work on moral education is
indispensable also for the reason of the reactionary social forces
which is being manifested particularly in the work of tht reactionary
clergy with the youth. Lack of vigilance, lack of system, insufficient
activity in connection with moral education of secondary school
children -- all this increases and develops the activity and influence
of the backward social forces on secondary school children.
For this reason it would be necessary to establish in all
grades of secondary schocla special classes of moral education, let
Us say one class a week. This could be carried out according to a
certain program which would contain the basic ethical principles of
our social life. This education would range from the creation of
cultural habits with the pupils, proper attitude towards fellow
and cultural and humane relations, towards older peo7le to socialist
patriotism. This entire educational program should be inspired by
examples and events from school life and from social life of the
community. In this way a broad possibility would be opened to the
teachers for doing their educational work within the framework of
the programs which would fit only the basic ethnical principles.
The entire teaching staff world work on this systematic
moral education of the pupils.
It would be the best thing to introduce in lower grades of
secondary schools and in the corresponding grades of eight-year
schools classes at which the head of classrooms would carry out
moral education according to the program as an orientation. No
administrative work should bt done during these classes.
In the final grades of eight-year schools and in the correspondinl
grades of secondary schools there could be introduced a new subject
with the aid of which the pupils could obtain a systematic knowledge
of the social and state system in our country. This should be
necessary because of the fact that a larae number of students go to
work in production after finishing t:e eight-year school or the
gy 3iUM.
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In the higher grades of secondary schools the moral education
program should also be carried out ir means of heads of classrooms
giving these lessons. Naturally the pupils at this stage could
acnuaint themselves more deeply with the essence of various ethical
postulates, whereas in the eighth grade this could be done by
teaching the existing two subjects: the basis of social and state
system and philosophy. In this way the pupils would in the final
grade systematically acquaint themselves with the theoretical side
of these questions.
This complicated task of moral education of pupils of
secondary schools undoubtedly becomes 1 of the most important ones
although not the only important one; it becomes at the same time
the most urgent task of the teaching staff and of the associations
of professors and school teachers. /s/ Milivoje Urosovic
(BORBA. - 7th July, 1952)
GIVING MORE INDEPENDENCE TO THE WORKING COLLECTIVES
About one hundred various di.rcctorates and administrations,
which used to represent the strongest remnant of the administrative
method of management of economy, have just boon abolished. Their
role had become obsolete and, of late, had itself been becoming
weaker and weaker. Abolition, infect, came only as a confirmation
of an accomplished situation.
New, uniform apparatuses of economic councils in the republics
and in the federal government have now been organized. Only a small
number of high experts will remain in various ministries.
We have already written how the basic distribution of work in
the new apparatuses of economic councils has b,oen divided into two
sectors. Those two scrtors are economic-planning and administrative-
legal.
The principal tasks of these two sectors are to prepare the
basic proportions of social plans and to study organizational problems
of socialist economy. In addition to these two sectors which are
transitory forms until the introduction of the new constitution, there
will also exist special commissions which will prepare material for
the economic councils for deciding on various questions. Therefore,
the economic councils will thus realize their rights of management.
In this way, fuller democracy will be achieved in theeconomic councils.
Unity of action and collective work will thus reach stronger
.expression.
. In the new conditions, the former administrative administration
of .economic ministries was becoming an obstacle to the further
development ofmanagement by workers. It could no longer remain as
an order-giver to the working collectives.
. Management of enterprises by the workers has been strengthened
and developed to such an extent that the mixing of the state in the
economic operation had become a. realonuisance., The relationship
which ?exists in the wa-king collectives alreadyeycoods this situation.
Therefore, from now on the state apparatus will have no right
to directoepOnomic_operations. This means that the working collectives,
are actually, on the basis of law, independently managing production.
The working collectives are functioning more and more freely
upon the basis of social plats and market requirements, they are
fixing prices of commodities, importing and exporting goods--which
means that they are freeing themselves of all the administrative
chains of the so-called operational managements.
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By the introduction of all these measures, a further step
forward has been made towar,!s the creation of conditions in which
the working collectives could, through their self-managing agencies,
occupy all positions of the state socialist authority, from the
bottom to the top. The fullest idea of all the_changes which are
in course and which will be made is that the councils of producers
will, on an equal basis with political councils, directly determine
the ratio between the necessary work and surplus labour.
In such socio-economic relations--i.e. in the method of dis-
tribution of surplus production--the essence of personal liberties
and democracy is also contained.
The "mixing" by the state in the process of economy at the
present stage of development remains only in some of the general
state rights. This mainly boils down to the following: determining
the key capital construction,-determining the basic social funds
(for education, public health, etc.) and, what is most important,
determining the amount of necessary work and surplus labour, always
holding to :the socialist principle of equal reward for equal work.
Depriving the state administrall,veapparatus of the right of
operational management of economy is only the consistent completion
of a long process of liberation af economy and of working collectives
of the administrative method of management.
The old "system" of directorates, administrations, etc.,
been necessary in our development; it surmounted many of the
difficulties of our economic development at the time when our
had to be managed in an administrative way from the centre.
This old system actually prepared the conditions for management -
of economy by the workers, and so now, when it is no longer necessary,
it is abolishing itself? In this respect, the role of the old system
has been a revolutionary one.
The changes which have been made can not be understood as only
reorganizations. For the further development of the new relation-
ship in production in our country, the technical side of the change--
the abolition of directorates and administrations--is not so important
as the essence of the change, i.e. the depriving of the state ap-
paratus of the operational role.
This also illustrates the new socialist relationship between
the immediate producers and the state.
had
economy
Certain mistaken concepts regarding the present "reform" have
occurred in some of the peoples' committees. Some of the peoples'
committees in accepting the new tasks of self-administration, which
lead them in the direction of the gradual development of communes,
have the mistaken idea that now the district and the municipality
will become self-sufficiedt isolated social islets.
Hence also the mistaken concept that from now on the operational
role played by the state in economy will be transferred to the
peoples' committees and that the peoples' committees will have the -
right of managing the working collectives and giving orders to them,
even to those enterprises which, until recently, used to be of a
"state" or "federal" character. This would mean that administrational
management has been shifted to the peoples' committees.
On the contrary, the work of the economic apparatuses of the
peoples' committees is also reduced to only the preparing of those
social proportions to which the districts and towns are entitled,
and to the controlling of the realization and distribution of national
revenue in the districts and to the supervising of laws on economy.
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Therefore, the peoples committees have no right of operational
_mixing in the management of production because that is a matter for
the producers themselves, naturally within the framework of law.
However, the peoples' committees are today undertaking many new
tasks in the new economic system. The role of the peoples' committees
is now more all-round. In order that all these tasks can be realized,
considerable help must be given to the peoples' committees. Exper-
ienced economic cadres from the old and abolished administration are
already going to now duties in production and in the peoples'
committees. Several federal and state assistant ministers,
counsellors and engineers are being sent to factories and to
districts.
A number of five thousand economically educated employees,
jurists, agronomists and other specialists will also work directly
in enterprise's and peoples' committees. It is necessary to emphasize
these numbers because they also illustrate the help the peoplesY
will now be getting through this change.
And they need such an aid and even a greater one.
(Editorial)
(BA - 9th July, 1952)
AMBASSADOR IVEKOVIC CALLS ON THE PRESIDENT OF THE EUNDESRAT
TBonn, 8th Jul31-1-
The Ambassador of the FPRY to West Germany, Dr. Mladen
Ivekovic, has recently called on the President of the West German
Bundesrat and the President of the Gevernment of Lower Saxony,
Herr Kopf, with whom he had a long talk. Herr Kopf ranks among
the distinguished West German Socialists.
(BORBA - 9th July, 1952)
INCREASING-NUMBER OF EMIGRANTS FROM OUR. COUNTRY ARE VISITING THE
OLD COUNTRY-
ILjubljana,. 8th July)
This year an increasing number of emigrants from our country
to various countries and continents are visiting Slovenia, their old
homeland. As already reported, at the beginning of August about
eight hundred Slovene emigrants living in France will come on visit
.to Slovenia. Most of them work as miners in various 'mines in France.
A group of eighty Slovene emigrants living in Holland have also
announced their visit.
(BORBA - 9th July, 1952)
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TWO BULGARIAN BANDITS WOUND A YUGOSLAV BORDER GUPRD
(Belgrade, July 8)
Two bandits coming from Bulgaria attempted on July 6 at
9:40 p.m. to cross the Yugoslav border 8 kilometres east from
Dimitrovgrad and about a kilometre and a half north-east from
Hill. 763. The bandits came across a Yugoslav frontier patrol
which was 400 metres deep in Yugoslav territory. The Yugoslav
border guards ordered the bandits to stop but they opened fire,
firing 15 rounds and then threw two hand grenades. In this
skirmish the Yugoslav border guard Kovac Dresin was wounded.
After the Yugoslav border glards returned the fire the bandits
withdrew and fled to Bulgaria.
The wounded Yugoslav soldier has been transported to an hospital
in Pirot. (Tanjug)
(BORBA - 9th July, 1952)
THREE RUMANIAN FRONTIER GUARDS ESCAPE TO YUGOSLAVIA
On July 7 around 3 a.m. t'ree Rumanian border guards escaped
to Yugoslavia; They swam the Danube at a place 13 kilbmetres
south-west from Tekia.
The escaped Rumanian border guards Nerget Mihailo, Bojan
Vasilije and Oicak Konstantin belonged to the ninth company of the
second frontier guard battalion garrisoned at Ogradina. They
declared that they decided to escape because of the insupportable
situation in Rumania. (Tanjug)
(BORBA - 9th July, 1952)
HIGH RANKING AMERICAN OFFICERS HAVE ARRIVED ON A FRIENDLY VISIT
TO THE YUGOSLAV PEOPLE'S ARMY-
? Two high ranking officers of the 'American Ministry of Defence
Major General George H. Olmsted, Head of the Bureau for Military
Aid and Major General Clyde B. Eddleman , Deputy Aid of the
Chief of the American General Staff arrived on July 7 in Belgrade
on a friendly visit to Yugoslav Peoplets Army. The American
Generals wee met at the Zemun airfield by Lt. Colonel General
Mile Kilibarda and Lt. Colonel General Danilo Lekic Yugoslav
Military Attache in Washington.
Deputy Chief of Staff of the Yugoslav Army Lt. Colonel General
Peko Dapcevic gave a dinner night before last in honour of the
American generals, at which was present also Major General John
Harmony, Head of the Bureau for Military Aid attached to the
American Embassy in Belgrade, Deputy Minister of Defence Colonel
General Ivan Gosnjak, Lt. Colonel General Mile Kilibarda, Lt.
Colonel Danilo Lekic and Rear Admiral Srecko Manola.
(BORBA - 9th July, 1952)
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MEETINGS OF COMMITTEES OF PA OF B & H
(Sarajevo 8th July)
At yesterday's and today's meetings of the'Legilqlative Committee
and the Committee for the Development of People's Authorities of the
PA of B & H, the draft law on the regional people/s committees was
discussed.
Grujo Novakovic, president of the republican Council for Legislation
and the Development of People's Authorities, described the basic
principle of the new law. The draft law was unanimously accepted in
principle.
(BORBA -9th July l952)
REPRESENTATIVES OF YUGOSLAV RED CROSS TRAVEL TO CANADA
Yugopress reports the recent departure from Belgrade of a
delegation of four members of the Yugoslav Red Cross, headed by
Pavia Gregoric, pr4sident of the Cooncil for People's Tealth
and Social Policy of the FPRY, to attend the eighteenth international
conference of the Red Cross. The conference will be held in Toronto
(Canada) from 23rd July to 8th August.
(BORBA - 9th July 1952)
YUGOSLAV-GREEK TRADE AGREEMENTS PROLONGED
It is understood in circles close to the Yugosav Ministry of
Foreign Affairs that the Greek government recently suggested an
automatic ettOheion of the Yugoslav-Greek trade agreement concluded
on 10th April 1951,
Since, in the intervening period, one section of Greek import4
has been freed, the Greeks propose that as was done with last year's
shimpments, a_list be issued confirming which of the Yidgoslav
exports the free import release does not apply to, The reek export
list would remain the same, and in the same amounts as last year.
It is considered that this proposal will be accepted and that a
satisfactory answer will be given by the Yugoslays soon.
The total trade exchanges between Greece and Yugoslavia amounted
in the course of last year to rather more than two million dollars.
But, having regard to the permanent improvement of relations between
the two neighbouring countries and the favourable cooperative
alliance of the two economies, it is expected that these exchanges will
be donsiderably increased during the period of extension of the
agreement,
(BORBA - 9th July 1952)
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TEN ALBANIANS ESCAPE TO YUGOSLLVIt
On July 4 at 11 p.m. ten civilians from Albania crossed our
border at Lastavica 21 kilometres north-west from Struga. They
took with them 6 rifles of different model with ammunition, two
automatic weapons with ammunition, two revolvers, 8 offensive
bombs and one pair of field glasses. After crossing the frontier
they declared that they decided to flee the country because
of the terror which exists now in Albania. All the escaped persons
are peasants from the village Krulj. (Tanjug)
(BORBA - 9th July, 1952)
FISHERMEN OF ZONE B OF THE FTT WILL FISH IN THE FUTURE IN YUGOSLIV
WATERS
(Capodistria, July 8)
The fishermen of the Yugoslav zone of the FTT will be able
from now on to fish in the waters of PR Croatia without special
permits and rewtriction. The same rights have been recognized also
to fishermen from Croatia who will be able now to fish unhindered
in the waters of the Istrian coast which is under the administration
of the Yugoslav Army. This was made possible on the basis of a
recenity signed agreement between the Military Administration of
the Yugoslav zone of the FTT and the Government of PR Croatia.
(Tan jug)
(BORBA - 9th July, 1952)
ROME MINISTRY CONTINUES TO SEND CIRCULARS TO ZADAR
(Zadar, Ally 8)
The Italian Ministry of Education has been sending persistently
for the past seven years its circulars to Yugoslav educational
institutions in Zadar. Several day y ago such a circular was went
to the Scientific Institute in Zadar. This circular demanded from
the Yugoslav institution to act according to provislonS'as
established by some Italian law from April 2, 1952.
The Director of the Scientific Institut & in Zadar Mastrovic
sent this circular together with the envelope to Borbals editors
and in the accompanying letter he requested that measures should
be undertaken because of such cases in order that the Italian
Ministry would stop sending such circulars in the future to our
institutitns and to understand that Zadar is in Yugoslavia and
not in Italy.
The sending of such ci-culart is in no case accidental but is
a part of an establ.shed policy which Italy leads towards Yugoslavia.
(BORBA - 9th July, 1952)
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SITUATION IN THE ZONE k OF THE FTT: DE CASTRO'S APPOINTMENT
CONTINUES TO DISTURB THE TRIESTE PUBLIC
(Trieste, July T
.According to Primorski Dnevnik, the news concerning the
appointment of the well knownirredentist Diego de Castro as political
adviser with the Anglo-American Military Administration of Zone A
of the FTT is disturbing More and more the Trieste public.
The newspaper reminds that the name of Diego de Castro was
mentioned at a trial of agents of the so..called "Committee for
National Liberation" in the Yugoslav zone of the FTT. Be Castro
was one pf the organisers and leaders of this organisation on
account,-Whose activities the Yugcslav Government was forced to
lodge a protest in Rome. The paper emphasized that neither the
Anglo-American Military Administration nor the Governments of USA
and Great Britain s'aould approve de Castro's appointment because
this gesture would be in sharp contradiction with the basic
principles of a policy of peaceful co-operation between Italy and
Yugoslavia.
"It is impossible - ftjski Dnevnik writes - that such a
responsible post in the Anglo-American Military Administration
in Trieste should be taken by .a man who with his articles and his
book showed himself undoubtedly as the most bitter enemy of
Yugoslavia and the Yugoslav people. The appointment of Be Castro
could not be otherwise interpreted than as an anti-Yugoslav
provocation in order to sharpen further the relations between the
two countries':
(BORBA' - 9th July, 1952)
A CANDIDATE OF THE LIBERATION FRONT HAS BEEN ELECTED AS MAYOR
IN THE ZGONIK MUNICIPALITY
TirFlis"?Fe7M-377--
At the meeting of the municipal council in Zgonik the candidate
of the Liberation Front Vladimir Obad was elected as mayor and who
was elected in the May election on the list of the Slovene Union.
(BORBA-i9th July, 1952)
THE LEADERSHIP OF THE SLOVENE DEMOCRATIC UNION IN NABREZINA
PAOT 8 WITH TIDALI SUPPORTERS
At the elections which tbok place in Zone A for new municipal
committees (excepting the municipalities of Trleste and Milje) all
Slovene political parties, namely the Liberation Front, the Slovene
National Union, the Slovene Christian Sogialist Association and the
Slovene Democratic Union came forward with a unique list and with
a common minimal political program. United, these parties won a
victory in three municipalities of Zone A.
However, durin,- the election of a new mayor in Nabrezine the
representatives of the Slovene Democratic Union together with Dr.
Tercono pacted with the cominformists in order to get responsible
positions.
Thus the Slovene Democratic Union secured. the election of Dr.
Terconoas mayor.
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A councillor of the Liberation Front joined in the voting
with the Vidali supporters and with the Slovene Democratic Union
in order to avoid the appointmentnf some irredentist as commissar
of the municipality. (In case of a division of votes the administration
of the zone is authorized to appoint a commissar and call new
elections).
The news concerning this treachery was sharply condemned by
the Slovene voters in Nabrezine, who are against the division of
authority between cominformists and any Slovene party.
(Trieste, 8th July)
(Signed) M.P.
(BORBA - 9th July, 1952)
CONFERENCE BY REIS UL ULEMA FEJIC IN PRISTINA
(Pristina, 8th July)
At 6 p.m. yesterday the supreme religiou: thief of the Moslem
religious community in Yugoslavia Reis Ul Ulema Fejec, together
with Dzevdet Palasko and Murat Seherovic, arrivedin Sarajevo,
coming from Sandzarto pay a visit to the Islam religious community
of PR Serbia, They will stay in the Koiimet for Several days.
Fejec held a conference in Pristina with members of the Islam
religious community. Moslem priests from the districts of
Gracanida, Lap and Sitnica were present at this conference. The
problems of brotherhood and unity, co-operation of Moslem priests
and public authorities, national education and superstition and so
forth were discusSed. The Reis Ul Ulema streesed particularly the
need for the struggle of all priests for an as great as possible
unity, emehasising "that we are all sons of this land and that our
future is common eqUally to all, regardless of religion".
(BORBA - 9th July, 1952).
ASSEMBLY OF THE ASSOCIATION OF PRIESTS IN THE 1ONASTERY KALISTE
(Ohrid, July)
At the monastery Kaliste which stands on the Western shores of
the Ohrid Lake, a meeting of the Association of Serb Orthodox priests
of the Struga district was held recently. We are writing about this
assembly because the patriotic attitude of the majority of the Serb
Orthodox clergy prevailed, which in the most difficult hours in our
history was with the people and str;uggled together. One should
only remember the united stand of the Serb Orthodox clergy in
Macedonia during the Ilinden rising. During the liberation
struggle the Serb Orthodox clergy was mostly :n the side of the
people and after the liberation, participates in the building-up of
our homeland.
At this year's Assembly representatives of public authority
and party from Struga were present as well as the prominent fighter
and MP Vlado Malevski, author. The yearly report was
read by the Chairman of the Association ropovski. The report under-
lines, amongst other things, that all the priests of this associa-
tion are members of the PF and of the Red Cross, several of them are
members of the War Veteran's Federation and several of them work as
bookkeepers in peasant working co-operatives. During the second
National Loan they called upon all associations in Macedonia and they
subscribod ?;ave 150,000'dinars. During last year, when wavering
appeared in some of the peasant working co-operatives the President
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spoke twice at public meetings about the advantages of big farms
over individual ones,
The repo:t goes on to say that the present-co-operation of
the members of the Association with organs of the public authority
and mass organisations has been very fruitful and that the
Association does not wish to accePt within its ranks those priests
whose activities are not in harmony with its objectives.
This year's assembly went one step further. In the second
report a great deal of space was devoted to the damage done by
superstition. The detrimental customs, particularly of the"amulet"
and similar things which are used still by some priests and hodzas
(Moslem priests) for supposed "healing" of ailing people, instead of
sending in such cases the people directly to the doctor, The con-
clusion which was brought at the end of the assembly said that the
priests should wage a struggle against superstiui.n and prohibit the
exploitation of cultural under-development of men for proper
material profits. This attitude by the Association of Priests
will contribute to suppressing a great ill which is still deeply-
rooted in this region.
Finally, the conclusions recommend a continued co-operation
as close as possible with the organs of public authority and mass
organisations and provide for the ex,)ulsion of members who infringe
upon them.
(BORBA - 9th July, 1952).
THE ABOLITION OF ECONOMIC COUNCILS OF THE MAIN EXECUTIVE COMITTEE
77 AR V7777LINT--------
(Novi Sad, 8th July)
The main Executive Committee of the autonomous region of the
Vojvodina held, a meeting today where the proposal of the Economic
Council of the Vojvodina concerning the reorganisation of the
administration of economic institutions of the main Executive
Committee was discussed. According to this proposal all economic
councils attached to the mainExecutive Committee will be abolished,
namely: the Council for Industry, the Council for Building and
Communal Affairs, the 'Council for Agriculture and Forestry and the
Council for Trade. In the Finance Directorate aT1 organisational
units will be abolished except for the budget and accounting
commissions. All chief directorates are going to be abolished.
Out of 334 officials and employees who were at .present employed
-
in economic institutions 83 and about 15 typists and assistants
will remain and .only 5 emp1p3,eos in the budget section. -
(BORBA. - 9th July, 1952).
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HOW SLOVENES LIVE IN ITALY: VENETIA JULIA - A LAWLESS COUNTRY
The Rome Parliament allocated large sums of money for the
"protection of Italian culture in border areas". In fact, it deals
here with the of credits for the new denationalisation
policy of our minority, to be carried out especially in Venetia
Julia.
The life of Slovenes in Venetia Julia is very hard. This
region is naturally Poorlsu:ferad greatV during the war, because
the fascists burnt many villages and plundered even more. The
Italian authorities have not undertaken any measures to aid the
inhabitants to reconstruct their homes. What is worse, after the
Liberation, bands of the so-called "tricolorists", composed of
former followers of fascist units and chauvinists of all colours
continued to plunder villages, beat men to death, kill them and
burn their houses. The list of their crimes is enormous.
A group of armed "tricolorists" came to-the village Rayne
in the municipality of Srednje on June 8, 1945, broke into the
house of Anton Predan, maltreating him whole day. In the evening
the "tricolorists" shut him in a pig-sty, in front of which they
set a guard with a machine-gun. He was there shut for eight days.
After the carabinieris arrested him, the "tricolorists" demolished
his barn, throwing the wheat.
In September 1945 "tricolorists" broke into the house of the
67-year old Ivan Hvalica in the village of Kravar, beating him.
Two years later they attacked Anton Siban from the village of
Skrutovo beating him to death so that he died later on of wounds.
Such misdeeds happened every day. Many Slovenes had to flee
to the valley of Soca because the "tricolorists" often opened fire
and threw hand grenades into their houses. The "tricolorists"
openly transported arms and ammunition by trucks which they
distributed among their followers. The commanders of the "tricolorists"
were colonels ofthe Italian army. The first one was Colonel
Issidoro Lisa, later colonels Prospero del Din and Olivieri, and
finally Giuseppe Cosmaccini.
The "tricolorists" plundered many villages in Venetia Julia
too. They carried away a large number of livestocks, which still
more increased the poverty of this part. Though it is situated
in the close vicinity of rich and industrially developed parts of
Northern Italy, the Venetia Julia has in its greatest part no
electricity nor water works. In the greatest part of Venetia
Julia the roads are in a very bad state. Medical aid is insufficient.
There are a great number of unemployed people. The municipality
Brdo which has 2,000 inhabitants about 200 are unemployed. In the
municipality Prapotno which has 2,040 inhabitants 192 are unemployed
while 310 left for other regions or emigrated to seek employement.
The poverty of some municipalities is such that the main sources
of income is the money sent by their relatives abroad. Prior to
elections the inhabitants of Venetia Julia are generally promised
that public works will be undertaken, particulary the construction
of roads and water-works, but the moment when the elections have
passed nobody mentions any longer.
The inhabitants of Venetia Julia are ever more protesting
against high taxes and the neglect of authorities of local needs.
In March of this year six women from Srednja Vas were indicted
before the Court of Tarcento because they have participated
supposedly in a "revolt". In fact they protested because the
municipal authorities did not wish the village road repaired.
The Italian authorities are carrying out the denationalisation
policy in Venetia Julia. They have not only changed the Slovene
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names of places but even the Italian ones which might remind that
these regions were once upon a time inhabited by Slovenes. The
Italians called the Slovene place St.Peter "St.Pietro del Slavin.
However, this name is changed into "St.Pietro al Natisone".
Venetia Jtilia itself which'the Italians used to call "Slavia Italiana"
is now called "Alto Friuli" (upper Furlania ).
Schools are the main centres for carrying out the denationali-a.
sation policy. They are Italian and the use of the Slovene language
is banned even as an auxilliary tuition means. Many teachers are
? complaining that this creates almost insurmountable obstacle, because
Slovene children do not know a single Italian word when they eome to
school. There are frequent oases in Which teachers are beating children
if they use a single Slovene word. At the end' of last Year the school mistress
from the village of Raspotje; a native, was replaced by
one from Calabria; who flogged children because they could not speak
her language.
The school mistress of the preparatory school in the village
of Tremun, introduced fines for each Slovene word which the child
utters in front of the school mistress or among themselves, This
school mistress has a list in which she enters every such offense.
In this register one can read the following: Renata Kraunig, pupil ?
of the second class paidetwice the fine; Mario Petricic, 9-year old,
pupil of the second form, paid twice the fine; Giuseppe Martinic,
117year old, pupil of the third form, paid the fine seven times,
? etc.,etc.
? The"system" of the school mistress in Trcmun is. not isolated.
It is in general use in schools in Venetia Julia. Sometimes the
teacher inscribeson- the blackboards which areon the wall of the
classroom the name of the pupil who uttered one or more Slovene words.
After the class the teachers announce how much liras have individual
? pupils to pay. For example, the school mistress Maria Mauri in the
village of Prosnig wants every pupil to pay a fine of 5 liras for.
each Slovene word. In evening schools grown up pupils must pay
50 liras for each Slovene word they utter,
The Slovenes in Venetia Julia have often without success
requested thetSIovene schools should be opened . That is why
they had to send their children, te Slovene schools in Gorizia.
In Tarcento the district justice attempted to force the parents
to remove their children from Slovene schools in Gorizia. He
summoned them and told that Slovene schools are not recognized in
Italy; that children who complete those schools will not he. able to ge
get whatever employment, that the examinations in Slovene schools
are not recognized etc.-etc; Representatives of the Italian
autherities in Venetia Julia say almost the. same.
Italian authorities in Venetia Julia are very vigilant in
seeing that their denationalisation policy should be carried out
literally. In this respect the carabinieris have very definite
directives to be on the alert and to notice all the occurrences Which
could be harmful to "Italianisation" of these parts. There is not a
single matter in which they do not interfere. It happens that they
take off from children Slovene readers, that they confiscate the
newspaper of Slovenes in Venetia Julia Mviatajur", that they make
reseonsible and conduct investigation of boys and girls who take
pare at some Slovene entertainments at Gorizia, threaten priests ?
who preach in Slovene.In the valley of Ter, carabinieris come into
pubs and forbid the youth to sing Slovene songs,.telling them:
"This is Italy, who wishes to sing Slovene songs, let him go to
Yugoslavia". In some villages carabinierie even ban the celebration
of the traditional Slovene feast ."koledovanje". But neither the
police control nor the Italian schools, and pressure have
succeeded to suppress-their national consciousness. ? They will
continue theirefight for gaining the most basic human rights,
/s/ V. S.
(BORBA,.--7th..july, 1952)
oe
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GREEK PARLIAMENTARY DELEGATION IN SARAJEVO
The Greek Parliamentary Delegation headed by M.Dimitrios
Gondikas, President of the Greek Parliament, arrived at Sarajevo
this morning. At the airport of Butimir, the Delegation was
met by Bogomir Brajkovic, President cf the National Assembly of
the People's Republic of Bosnia and Hercegovina, Branko Cubrilovic,
Vice-President of the Fraesidium and Zaim Sarac, Minister of Justice
of Bosnia and Hercegovina.
Visit to Zenica
After arriving at the Sarajevo airport the Greek Parliamentary
Delegation continued its journey this morning for Zenicalone of
the greatest metallurgical concerns under construction in our
country.
The administration of the Ironworks at Zenica in honour of
the Delegation gave a formal luncheon, which was attended by:
President of the National Assembly of Bosnia and Hercegovina Bogomir
Brajkovic, Minister of Justice Zaim Sarac and numerous members of
the workers' council and the Managing Board of the Ironworks.
During the lunchecn member cf the City Council at Zenica
Arif Gacevic welcorred the guests, expressing his satisfaction for
fulfilling the wish of workerstcollective of Zenica for the
visit of the Greek Parliamentary Delagation to their town, Having
underlined the wish of all workers and citizens of Zenica that
the friendship between the .Pse9k and Yugoslav people be in future
more close, Bacevic mentionbetreat significance of constructing a
metallurgical concern at Zenica for the further development of
industry in our country and for her economy in general.
Replying to the welcome of the representative of Zenical
member of Papagos Party Dimitrios Babakos thanked for the cordial
reception and on behalf of his colleagues paid homage to the
people of Bosnia and Hercegovina for the heroic achievement in
the past war and now in the post-war reconstruction.
"The Greeks, said Babakos, especially esteem the nations
which fight for their freedom and independence, and this particularly
refers to the peoples of Yugoslavia, whose guests we are to-day.
The stay in your country will be kept in cur memory and we shall
take most pleasant impressions from your country. When I am
saying this, he-said, then I am thinking of the value of the
Yugoslav nationt as well as of the great efforts it makes in
reconstructing its country. Here we have seen that the Yugoslav
nation is diligent, sincere, progressive and we are especially
glad that new horizons are created in view of developing the
relationship between our two countries.
The Yugoslav and the Greek nation, added Babakos, always
had a common desire for peace and love among nations. Sincere
of-forts for closer relations of these two nations and the sincere
friendship with Turkey will undoubtedly contribute to secure
peace on thb Balkans, which the people so badly need".
After the lunchecn the guests went to the worksite of the
metallurgical concern accompanied by the chief engineer Matevz
Hafner, and the chief engineer of the enterprise "Konstruktor",
which builds the new concern, representatives of the collective
oflIronwork and politic-al_organi.sations of Zenica.
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The members of the delegation with great attention inspected
the worksite of the great bloomeryrolling mill, where most modern
installations for manufacture of various kinds of rolled steel is
now being set up. They were especially interested about the
conditions of the new coke factory, which is being built near the
blast furnace. In this coke factory,of great capacity, for the
first time the manufacture of this important raw material from
indigenous coal will be applied under the methods of local experts.
After this the guests went to see the worksites of the first
and decond blast furnaces. They have also inspected the huge
building of the new foundry: and the present installation of the
ironworks with Siemens-Martin furnaces and the rolling mill. They
were present at the rolling of railway rails and steeel wires.
Reception in the Praesidium of the National Assembly_2f Bosnia and
Hercegovina
The Praesidium of the National Assembly of Bosnia and Hercegovina
held a reception this evening in honour of the Greek Parliamentary
delegation which arrived at Sarajevo after visiting the metallurgical
concern of the Ironwork at Zenica.
Beside Greek guests the reception was attended by: President
of the Government of Bosnia and Hercegovina Djuro Pucar, President.
of the Praesidium Vlado Segrt,'members of the Government Avdo.Humo,
Sefket Maglajic, Radovan Papic, Todor Vujasinovic,. Saim Sarac,
President of the Supreme Court of Bosnia and Hercegovina Ilija Dosen,
President of the Chief Syhdicate ,Committee Nikola Katie, secretary of
the town's committee of CP Rato Dugonjic, as well as a great number
of representatives of mass organisations of Sarajevo.
During the reception President of the Praesidium of the
National Assembly of Bosnia and Hercegovina Vlado Segrt and Chief
of the Greek Parliamentary delegation-M. Dimitrios Gondikas
proposed toasts.
(B(RBA - 9th July, 1952)
NO CHANGES IN DANUBE COMMISSION
"Nothing has been changed in the relations existing in the
Danube Commission and this Commission further remains an instrument of
the Soviet hegemonistic policy in Danubian countries." - that is the
statement given to the correspondent of Jugopress agency in the
circles of the Yugoslav delegation, which returned from the Sixth
Session of the Danube Commission held at Galac in Rumania from June
21 to July 1. The same circles underline that the majority in the
commission rejected and made impossible to consider on this session
the Yugos:av Proposed revision of the Statute and the Rule of Procedure
of the Commission and that the whole question has been postponed .
indefinitely. The offer to the Yugoslav representatives to occupy
some posts in the administration of the Danube Commission meant in fact,
only a manoeuvre to create false atmosphere of reconciliation which had
to blunt the edge of the Yugoslav charges about the character of the
Danube Commission and to discredit the Yugoslav demand to make a
thorourfh reorganisation of this international institution and to
abolish finally the present methods practised in its administration.
By automatic outvoting - it was said to the correspondent of Jugopress,
the majority in the Commission has rejected to adoptthe Yugoslav proposal,
In this way the Soviet representative will further retain the control
over this international institution not only to the detriment of
Yugoslavia, but to all riparian countires which are represented in it.
With this State of affairs Yugoslavia cannot and will not agree.
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pAEGLED r ORGAN OF THE AssoCIATIoN or E0oNomisTs AND TEE ASSOCIATION
OF JURISTS OF numank
A new number of the magazine "Pregled" (Review) for the first
quarter of this year has just been published, including the following
articles: "Methods and means for securing the completion of the plan"
by Kiro Gligorov, Deputy Minister of Finance of the FPRY, "Family rights
in the basic system of law" by Dr; Ana Prokop, Assistant Professor at
Faculty of law in Zagreb, "Opium production in Macedonia and the inter-
national agreements on opium and its derivatives" by Dr, Todor Mirovski,
professor at the Faculty of Economics and Law in Skoplje,and "From the
practice of the State Arbitration Cermissionn*
At the end, this magazine also carried a list of new publications
from the field of economy, law, policy and other matters of interest in
general*
(NOVA MAKEDONIJA, July 1, 1952)
REGARDING THE BAPTIZING OF CHILDREN OF PARTY MEMBER'S
A few months ago in the paper ilevenski,Porocevalec one could for
the first time read an announcement beginning "k have to change the name
of my child because..." /t was sent by somebody from Bove?, followed
by others from Kanal ob Soca, Both of these were received from the Slovene
Littoral. Others followed the example of those who introduced such a
practice stating "I disavow the baptizing of my child, since it was conducted
without my knowledge. Signed - Joze Floss 13, Zaloska, Ljubljana". Or,
another one - Francka Vidic, 6, Rodica, Domzale, disavows the baptizing
of hex' child for the reason that it Was conducted witheuthar knowledge
or fatherls approval". "I am disavowing the baptizineof my child because
it was done against my will and while I was absent. Franc Becaj, Podgorje".
The list of these is rather long. Only recently, 20 .advertisements of this
kind have been receivedtbeing in their essence an epression of hypocrisy*
People who cannot get rid of old traditions, 'although claiming
to have abandoned their religious conviqions a long time ago, have their
children baptized. Alming.to settle things,. they disavow the conduct of
religious ceremonies hoping that somet4ing can thus be changed in effect,
In that direction some of them went so far in disavowing their marriage
at church. What is the object of such justifications? Religion is a
matter of free concern of each individual citizen in our country; If
some people have their children baptized for religious reasons resulting
from their feelings, let them do so, since it is their own affair. But
it is dishonest and base to make calculations pretending in public that
the baptizing was conducted without their knowledge "aibgedle* Such
speculative occurrances are not only shameful and base but also ridiculous
since these people are worried about their "character" and "testimony".
The behaviour of certain Party members is even more worth of
condemnation. In their turn they also have their ,phildren baptized
in order to fulfil the wish of their parents, etc. Being aware of the
fact that the Party does not acknowledge religion ,they assume such hypocritic
attitude. Such people cannot be Party members. For this reason party
organisations must watch what kind of people are being admitted into the
Party* Organizations concerned must bring to the knowledge of all such
people how base, insincere and treacherous their behaviour is. In addition,
they must also be told that being immature there is no place for them among
the ranks of Party members* It will never be possible for the Party to
rely upon such people because they would betray it upon the first trial*
Sudh members had joined the Party for speculative andselfish reasons*
lako mIlat *herefore face the,facts as they are by making a distinction between
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the healthy and the rotten. Pt2P1e. who are still possessed by narrow
feelings of obscurantism or who have not yet elaiitied their relation
to religion, cannot be included into the ranks of Party members.
lOr these reasons we have stepped,publiehing these and similar
announcements so that there is no nead'for sending them to us any longer.
(4004pKI POROOEVALEG, July 6, 1952)
: :4)(111.. ? apont,, ar ? ?
Mecently the Tex Revision Commission for the district of Ljubljana
found out that some people liable to pay taxes failed to file their tax
declaratOns or declared te have less income than actually realized*
.The list ,of atchpepp/S aleo_includes the names of 12 clergymen who
declared. to have had 276.293 dinars of income during 1951 in all.
According to the findings of this Comnissicin, their total income during
1951 amounted to 1.915,020 dinars. As the clergymen failed to have
moy records or boat showing their income in detail, it is
beliersithat even this latter figure is not accurate. Therefore these
people eMbessled a considerable amount of money due to the State.
The Jesuits from Boonsperk in the vicinity of Smartno are very
fine loqiing emple who also do not like to keep any record of their
operation claiming that bookkeiping could not be in accordance with their
high,professionl? With the assistance of their .guardian Father Vrtovec,
members t# this Commission eetablished the following In that monastery
there were 7 monks wh9,condented 12 Xassee per Itonth on an average dotting
150 dine* for each, this totalled to 1l,200 diners obtained annually.
Three monks assisted the clergymen in neighbonring,places and thus got
monthly remuneration of 4.500 dinarsi their total income from those
services emounted:SO.some b4.000 dinars in all. 'Their total income
from property amounted to 121,900 dinars.' It this manner this group of
11 monks last year realized a profit of 327.0.00 .dinars. In reply to
questions concerning their failure to file any tax declarations for
esseeemenX of due taxes at the local peoples O6nE4ttoe at Smartno.
Father Yrtovec elaimed that they were never notified by the Committee
when to file their declaration. This excuse 'cannot stand since the
Committee, published numerous announcements inviting tax payers to
file their declarations within the scheduled tipa. In addition to this,
these cl#gymen also failed to pay any due taxes in the two previous years
of 1949 and 1950.
4a to the case of twe.miSsionaries? the clergyman Musar end a
monk, they also claimed to have made= profit since their arrival in
the Jesuits' monastery at Bodsnaper4 The elergyman Mesar only declared
to bsNe.obtained MAU dinars Oil rent f,P0o. some real estate in Ljubljana.
bather Mufar else pretended not to get any remuneration from the people
oxoet for-a few bottles of 'eine.
The case of the clergyman. be34ks Zajc from Menges was not an exception.
. Re also failed to file an apprepriate declaration concerning his income ef
60,150 dinars. Re claimed that tax authorities failed to bring 14m any
tax forms and he retue0 to CP A10.4 collect them.. ls it so? Then it is
a good illustragon of his attitude towards the people's authority. Hie
case is obvious:Pin intentional 14101,,malon and thus, -deserving a punishment.
The clergyman Janes Rergant from St. Vid near Sticno also failed to pay
a considerable amount of taxes..
On -the whole* 12. _elergymen failed to file tax declarations for their
income amounting to 1,534727 dinars, As there are about. 1,000 clergymen in
Slovenia, it is quite probable that some 127 million dinars of income were
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