1. A LETTER FROM THE UKRAINIAN UNDERGROUND TO MEMBERS OF THE UKRAINIAN EMIGRATION 2. FORCED INDUCTION OF UKRAINIANS INTO THE CHINESE COMMUNIST ARMY

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP83-00415R008700160006-2
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: S
• Document Page Count: 5
• Document Creation Date: December 14, 2016
• Document Release Date: January 31, 2002
• Sequence Number: 6
• Publication Date: August 20, 1951
• Content Type: REPORT

App414PikaigaioAlfiergiRdickiktwittiollitlitRorgsleta0006-2
INTEROFAX 23. CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE AGENCY REPORT No.
INFO 1111 'NON REPORT co No,
COUNTRY
SUBJECT
PLACE
ACQUIRED
DATE OF
INFO.-
USSR
414:4-, fx.c:- toe Ukreieekein Urdereroeed to
bers of the Ukrainitn ,:eeteratlen
Forced Indueticn ef Ukrainians into the Chinese
rincyrimni at Arrsly FOR CRITICAL SECURITY. REASONS
THIS REPORT IS NOT TO BE FURTHER
x, A TRANSMITTED WITHIN THE UNITED
?QA I 'STATES, OR BEYOND THE BORDERS
-OF THE UNITED STATES,. WITHOUT
THE EXPRESS PERMISSION or TAM
25X1A
DATE DISTR. 20 Au?? 151
NO. OF PAGES
NO. OF ENCLS.
(LISTED BELOW)
SUPPLEMENT TO
REPORT NO.
5
25X1X
AN. OPEN LETTER TO UKRAINIAN EMIGRES
Dear Countrymen,
eruel fate drove some of you a long time ago, others more recently, beyond
the frontiers of your birthplace, the Ukraine, Thera are not many places left
111 this world which have not known Ukrainian. wanderers. I feel your longing,
,iar pain and nostalgia for your Fatherland. Accept this letter as a sincere
greeting bringing you the scented air of home fields? Accept these words as
you would accept them from your own brother who came to you through many
ereat dangers to share with you his and your suffering and to pour out from the
bottom of his heart all the hopes of your brothers, who in sweat, pain, and
blood struggle for the freedom of our beloved mother Ukraine.
Beloved brothers and sisters--you who are now in far off foreign lands, I ad-
dress you in your own tongue from the hearts and souls of the wide masses of
your Ukrainian brothers from the mother country Ukraine. My true Ukrainian
conscience prompts me to write this appeal in the belief that every true
Ukrainian patriot would not hesitate to sign it instead of the author.
The sufferings which we now undergo "in OUT own country" have no enual in the
eistory of the Ukraine. The Ukrainian peasant spends his miserable existence
'on a hunger diet in the accursed kolkhoz, The Ukrainian worker, also starving,
exhausts his last ounce of strength .in the tines of the Donbas, or in some
equally hard work in various factories. The member of the. Ukrainian in-
telligentsia has to deny his own soul--his open Ukrainian soul-and go down
ezp into himself, even beyond his national consciousness, orif he is abject
ad vile, to change into a koscow aoul. The Ukrainian woman has become a real
elave of the "Socialist heaven", "kore black than the blackest soul", she aweats
eut her blood on the kolkhoz fields or deep down in the dark mines, The
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Ukrainian youth is being terrorized, depraved, and poisoned by the *wise"
teachings and doctrines of Lenin and Stalin. Those of the young people who
refuse to join the Komsomoly are thrown out of the schools. Even small children
in elementary schools are not left in peace by the Moscow Bolshevik bar-
barians. They are being forced to join the Pioneer organization. Teachere
who refuse to organize Komsomoly or Pioneer movements in their schools, and
those who attend church services or wish to be married in church, are in
-
mediately dismissed from their posts.
For some time flow there have been no decent priests left in the churchee;, they
were either shot or deported to Siberia. Their place has been taken by obedient
lshevik instruments. The people are still very pious, but there is nobody
to speak to them of religion. The church is desecrated and exists only for
propaganda purposes.
In the Ukrainian towns one cannot hear Ukrainian spoken; the intelligenteia
speaks Russian. TO speak Ukrainian is to draw suspicion on oneself of the
mighty MOB and to find oneself in the most desolate spots of Siberia. But
this is not all, The savage Moscow-Bolshevik terror in the Ukraine knows no
limit. No Ukrainian can be certain of tomorrow. No one here sleeps peacefully? At all hours of the night in the villages you can hear the shouting
and cries of the people. If they do not arrest and deport people at once,
the officials and his assistants turn everything upside down in the cottages
or yards. All the various quotas of bread, meat, taxes, and rents are beeng
ruthlessly collected at all timee of the day and night.
The Ukrainian people have been turned into bergars and nobody is released from
bond servitude--even the real beggars. Everybouy has to be in a kolkhoz rhieh
is run by the Bolsheviks. In return for their hard working daysepeople eeceive
a starvation diet. Exploitation of the Ukrainian peasantry in the kolkhozy
has far surpassed the former serfdom on the land. In many cases4for a full
working day people received lass than 300 grams of grain. Of course, there
are a few kolkhozy in the Ukraine specially reserved for visitors from abroad
or from the so-called lands of the popular democracies. They are kept purely
for propaganda purposes and life there is much better.
In the Western Ukraine the Bolsheviks have not yet succeeded in organizing the
kolkhoz everywhere and the exploitation and plunder of those tillages which are
still outside kolkhozy is beyond human endurance. For example, I can mention
the village of Pidperachi0 Stanislav Raion, which consists of. about 700
individual farms. In 1949 the village had to deliver 6,000 oentners of grain, which
of course meant hard grain. TO this one had to add the forced purchase of grain
by the State as well as the proportional delivery of other crops includinL hay
and all sorts of fodder. In 1949 the same village had to pay 100,000 krb in
taxes. Other village had to deliver proportionally the same amounts?
But even that is not the full picture of the poverty and exploitation of the
Ukrainian peasant. It is seldom that a peasant has more than one cow. In
spite of this he has to deliver a yearly quota of 250 liters of milk with a fat
content of not less than four percent. Each farm has to deliver a yearly eluota
of 30 liters of milk per year. But you must not think one can be excused ror
any reason whatsoever from these deliveries. The quotas of bread, meat, milk,
eggs, money, rates, and taxes must be paid and delivered in full. If they are
not, heavy sentences follow--in the most lenient cases heavy fines, but usually
confiscation of property and several years in Siberia. The following is an ex-
ample of one of many thousands of such cases.
Peasant Mykhgylo Lutaki from the village of Bondariv0 Stanislav Raion0 had to
deliver 38 centners of bread grain from his farm of seven hectares in the year
1947. After he had threshed all his corn he discovered that he could only
deliver 30 centners4which would not even leave him any grain for sowing or
anything to make his own bread. He tried to explain this and sent a petition
asking to be released from the delivery of the remaining eight centners of
his quota,as he did not know where he could obtain it. It was all in vain,
He was sentenced to ten years of forced labor in Siberia for non-delivery
of eight centners of grain. Such things ha pen here every day.
In 1949 the peasants were paid five krb for 100 kgs of rye, but one kg of rye
bread in the State shops (there are no others) costs 1.9Q-krb. Shoes for a ten-
yeareold child are officially priced at 80 krb. If a peasant has no milk,he
haa to deliver ten kg of butter instead of the 250 liters of milk; for his
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butter he receives 5,60 krb per one kg. The very same day if the peasant
wishes to buy the same butter in the same shop he has to pay 35 krb for one
kg.
Every peasant has to work, sometimes several days in the forest for the
government, often scores of kilometers away- from his cottage.
In order to avoid prison or Siberia many peasants simply leave their honee
and wander about. The authorities organize raids on villages to catch those
who hide for fear of being arrested and deported. If any young people are
caught. they are primarily sent to the Donbas mines but OOMO of them have been
taken to China and made to join the Communist Army. Many letters have already
been received from those who were forced to enlist in the Chinese Communiet
Army.
On top of all this misery nits the Moscow-Bolshevik bandit who sneers at the
Ukrainian nation. Let me give you one or two examples.
The peasants are made to deliver their bread grain quota to the raion-centers
in red wagons with bands playing at the head of the column. Is this not eeeer
mockery? The poor people curse and weep as they see their last piece of bread
taken away from them by the Bolshevik bandits. Then these inhuman mestere
write in all their papers about the great enthusiasm of the people who, with
bands playing, deliver their bread quota to the State raion centers.
Or another picture: During October 1947 there was a mass deportation of
peasants from the Western Ukraine to Siberia, about five to ten percent of the
population was deported. The manner in which this was done closely resembled
the Tartar invasion of Kiev in 1240. The Bolsheviks employed a special army
which they brought from the east. They also used NKVD units and armed members
of the administration. On 21 October 1947 during the night, all the cottages
whose inhabitants were marked for deportation were surrounded by the military.
Then all hell broke loose, shots were fired, there was shouting, weeping, dogs
barking, animals bleating, orders being shouted by the Bolshevik bandits, and
dead bodies of those who had the courage to resist. This is a picture, rather
scanty and deficient in detail, of the twentieth century's "most democratic
country in the world", TO add to the misery there was a heavy snowfall and in
the trucks which came to take them www, the barefooted and half-naked children,
women, old men, and cripples were crying bitterly. But no tears or blood (there
were many cases of suicide) would move the hearts of the "peaes-loving Socialistse
All that these unfortunate people who were being deported were allowed to take
with them had to be packed into one small sack, at the most twos
However, nothing prevented those cynical Moscow-Bolsheviks from writinT on the
heavily barred railway cars, into which these unfortunates had been here-el:
"Voluntary departure of Ukrainian peasants to the east". And at some stations
they even had bands playing
Is that not all sheer mockery? Many children and old people perished on the way.
Since we are talking about deportations it must be mentioned that they are
taking place even now, with the difference that they are not on such a large
scale as before; people are being deported from individual villages, but this
happens all the time and the final result is the same0 "Either throw youreelf
at the stone, or throw the stone at yourself". There are villages today, in
the Western Ukraine where twenty percent of the population has been deported to
Siberia.
Take as an example the village of Yamnitsa in Stanislav Raion. The village
originally numbered about 600 families: 200 of whom were deported to Siberia;
70 persons were arrested and imprisoned; and 200 were killed by the Bolsheviks,
180 of them died in the ranks of the OUN-UPA. There are many such villages
in the Stanislav Raion i.eePosich? Mayanik? and Gutiska? where not even
one family of the original inhabitants is left. People of these three villages
were dispersed to various kolkhozy in the Eastern Ukraine.
From the end of 1949 until the time of this report there has been a marked
increase in terrorist activities andbas the kolkhozy spread, the people underwent
superhuman sufferings. The founding of a kolkhoz in a village was usually
preceded by arrests and deportations. This was done in order to frighten
the people. If that was not enough and they still did not join the kolkhoz,
a garrison was stationed there, usually composed of about 30 to 50 men ricked
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from UD and MGB units and thus the "voluntary" organization of the kolkhoz
began. They arrested people and employed every means of terror known to
the Bolsheviks as persuasion. They beat them up, pushed their fingers
between doors and jammed them, locked them up in cellars full of water
for several days without food in the middle of winter, untilthey agreed
to sign a petition for the founding of the kolkhoz. One simply cannot
imagine anything more cruel. The inquisition of the Middle Ages was but
child es play in comparison with the Bolshevik methods of organized terroat.
However, special treatment is reserved by the Bolsheviks for the Ukrainian
underground, the DUN. By means of savage terror the MIB mobilized a whole
army of agents whose task is to watch and report every movement of the
Ukrainian revolutionaries and insurgents. For every two to three villages
one official is apPointed? ranging in rank from a lieutenant to a colonel,
who generally has under him ten to thirty men, real bad characters. At
night these men set traps and ambushes all over the country and in dayetime
raid suspected cottages. There are also some operational groups which are
engaged in searching forests, hills, and fields. Apart from these methods
the Kremlin reptiles use all sorts of filthy propaganda to discredit the
Ukrainian soldiers in the eyes of the Ukrainian people. They have little
success however. The whole Ukrainian nation with the exception of the
Bolshevik hirelings, and there are not many of them, support wholeheartedly
their sole protectors and defenders. The enemy is raging as none of the
insurgents will give himself up alive, although there are many victims in
this merciless and ruthless struggle. The moral strength of the Ukrainian
insergents is undiminishedoand all over the Soviet Union the resounding voice
of the Ukrainian revolution is being heard, whilst the Kremlin schemes with
all the perfidy of a crooked mentality on how to stifle this everliving
voice of the Ukrainian spirit.
This is only a mere outline of the tragic and at the same time heroic picture of
the present Ukraine. Perhaps these few inadequate but sincere words will move
the conscience of those of our brethren who, in foreign lands fish in troubled
waters of discord and quarrel or sink in the mire of Moscow-Bolshevik propaganda.
TO all of you, dear brothers and sisters in far away Canada, the United States,
or in other parts of the world, who have inhaled the poisonous vapors of
Moscow Communismove give a sincere Ukrainian warning: see through it all
and do not put more heavy burdens on the Ukrainian people through your
collaboration with those who so cruelly oppress your own folk in your own
land: If you do not believe us, come, if only for one hour, to your place
of birth?your village or town-and talk frankly with your relations or close
friends. They will open their hearts and tell you. the truth. They will
explain to you all about your Masters. We believe that one bitter tear from
their eyes will wash away from your souls all the Moscow-Bolshevik poison.
Do not talk, howeVer? to the Bolshevik agitators or mental; they will never
tell you the truth. If you are good Ukrainians, seek the truth certainly not
among the Moscow-Bolshevik hirelings, but rather amongst your own martyred
nation and you will find it in the blood and sacrifice of her great sons
and fighters!
We also appeal to you, dear brothers and sisters in the emigration, because
you live in discord and quarrel with each other. Why should it be so? Are
political convictions, party or territorial ambitions so much more importaut
than the call of your Ukrainian blood; even more than the voice of fightere
fallen for a free Ukraine; even more than the good cause of your Fatherlapd?
Are party ambitions or desire for power so strong that you will bring about a
split in the national front! Answer me! The sufferings of millions of your
brothers enslaved by the enemy, the tears of orphans, the agony of those tortured
in prisons and those deported to the wilderness of Siberia?your own brothers
and mothers--the insult to your history, tradition, national honor, and respect--
do not all these things grieve your hearts? Is it not better to fill your
hearts with hate and anger against the eternal oppressor than to nurse such
anger in your hearts against your own flesh and blood because they have different
politica/ conceptions? Oh, Ukrainians! Ukrainians! Come to your senses.
Did not our great leaders Ivan Mazepa write:
"There is no love, no agreement
Beginning with Yellow Wateek,
Through discord we lost all
and helped to conquer ourselves."
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Is this not true? In the past as today our quarrels and national divisions
have been our greatest enemy. Where is your real patriotism? Even small nationk)
even various colonial peoples have achieved national independence. Even
culturally backward peoples some tribes, have united in the name of national
interest. And we? Where is our Ukrainian state? Why does the Ukrainian name
not resound in the world as strongly as it should, as it is entitled to?
In the name of all the blood shed by millions of fighters, in the name of the
millions of oppressed brothers, in the name of the glorious Ukrainian past, in
the name of the speedy creation of an independent united Ukrainian state, we
beg of all of you in whose breasts beats a true Ukrainian heart, who hear the
call of Ukrainian blood, to love your brother, give him your heart, help him
in his need and protect him. In the name of brotherly love, in the name of a
free Ukraine, we ask you to hate our enemy--the savage Kremlin setup, the
Moscow-Bolshevik imperialism and all its dirt which has contaminated our
Ukrainian hearts and souls, In the name of our great Ukrainian future, in the
name of the real union of all brothers in all parts of the world, we ask you
to kindle in your hearts a mighty fire of hate and anger against the Moscow-
Bolshevik oppressor who is also responsible for our national divisions
Once more, we appeal to you, all Ukrainians in the emigration, with the eords
of our great prophet, Tares Shevchenko:
"Unite and be brothers"
We commiserate with you from the bottom of our hearts and sympathize with your
difficulties in the emigration. But your troubles are very small in comparison
with the tragedy and suffering of the Ukrainian nation at home. You must
remember that your chancesto work for the good of the Ukrainian cause are much
bigger than ours here. I confess to you frankly thateas I write this letter,
keep looking over my shoulder and I listen as to whether a Kremlin bandit is
not sneaking up behind me with a knife. Death can be very sudden hem If
you are really touched by the cruel fate of your own nation you will do your
best to help set her freed Remember that you did not leave your own coeatry to
save your lives, but rather to gain for the Ukraine abroad all that which it was
impossible to achieve here in the clutches of the Kremlin vampire. Do not let
even a moment pass without doing something for the cause.
Remember that all the blood and suffering of our fighters and martyrs will fall
on your conscience if you waste your time in party quarrels S We rejoice to learn
good news from you, but, on the other hand, every quarrel of yours is like the
sharp point of a knife in our hearts.
Remember that today the Ukraine passes through her greatest tragedy. Know that
your nation today shows the greatest heroism in her history and in the history of
the entire world. Here a ruthless fight is being waged for every Ukrainian
soul. No day passes without a victim, andeverywhere in our country heroic blood haa
been shed. You should be proud of your great nation and by your devoted action,
brotherly love, agreement, and solidarity, you should gain for your people re-
spect and glory amongst the nations of the worlds
Every good deed of yours for the good of the cause makes us rejoice. Evory
despicable action of yours Which stains the good name of the Ukraine fills our
souls with fresh suffering.
Dear brothers and sisters accept these words not as an angry reproach, but
rather as an expression of love from your own oppressed nation.
I send to all dear Ukrainians abroad sincere greetings and love from the mother
country.
May 1950
(Signature deleted)
25X1A I 'Comment: Yellow Water -a place famous for the great.victory of
Ukrainian insurgents under Bohdan Khmelnitski over, the Polish Army in the .
seventeenth century.
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