TRANSMITTAL OF PUBLICATION, MACNENS

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP83-00415R006500120001-5
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: R
• Document Page Count: 21
• Document Creation Date: December 14, 2016
• Document Release Date: June 7, 2001
• Sequence Number: 1
• Publication Date: November 10, 1950
• Content Type: REPORT

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INFORMATION REPORT
CLASSIFICATION RESTRICTED
CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE AGENCY REPORT NO.
COUNTRY France
SUBJECT Transmittal of Publication, Ntacnens
NO. OF PAGES 1
NO. OF ENCLS. 3 (l9 pages)
(LISTED BELOW)
SUPPLEMENT TO
REPORT NO.
1. The attached publication, lAcnens, is being sent to you for your infor-
mation and retention.
1
STATE
2. If you are interested in receiving copies of this publication on a
continuing basis, will you please so indicate.
V.
N
X1 -
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 CPYRGHT-
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A service for news and trade papers, published weekly in Paris Frankfurt and Berlin
MACNENS M
John MacNair's European News Service
..12 9
Frankfurt
PARIS room 56 rue du Fg. Honors FRANKFURT room 117, Ind?etrte Bldg, BERLIN a ~i a Nawe
VIII - T51. ANJou 19-0 -00 52 Taunusetrasse Tel. 3.2438 2 Argeatlnische Allee Zehlendorf
"Philipwbdt Parts" ;'Whitcomb Presscenter Frankfurt" Tel. 80.40.15 "Whitcomb Presscenter Berlin"
1jh Curx"ent French Scandal.
e < . ? ? ? ? .
The Man l.n'ihe German street*** 41 0,64410 Pe
1 Rbsar ..195O
VIII - Ti. eANJou 19-00 52 Taunusstreese Td. 3.2438 2 Ar?entiniscbe Allee Zehlondorf
"Philipwhit Paris" "Whitcomb Presscenter Frankfurt" Tel. 80.40.16 "Whitcomb Presscenter Berlin"
Every French Youth receives career guidance , . . . . . . . , , , p 1
The Manin the German Street . . . . . . . . . a . . . P 3
European Jigsaw . . . . . . . . . . a . . . . . . . . > . . . . p 4
The changes in West Germany's status The sterling value of the German
soldier
All German officers will protest A fear of Americanization
Jigsaw bits
Make Your Own Comment . p 5
MAP D iar;y , . . p 6
Subscribing editors are reminded that material used must be credited to
Macnens (if writ"r,en by Whitcomb it may be by-lined 'by Philip 'V. Whitcomb,
our special European Correspondent", if preferred) and payment made at
usual rates, at the beginning of the month following publication, to any
American Express Co office "for credit of Account 711, American Express Co
Frankfurt US Zone,"? Specials must be ordered from 'Macnens'' Paris or
Frankfurt office, and' 1e-E-g,, ri and transmission indicated.
Every French Youth
receives carder guidance
by Waldo Wallis 1N;IS.IS AN ENCLOSURE
(Macnens) .~q rrt-r rr- rr'
The harsh economic conditions of the
early thirties made choice of profession extremely difficult for young people
in all countries. In France,wherefamilies still hold almost absolute power
over the decision of the children, the problem was especially difficult.
Family choice was guided by family and social considerations rather than by
a study of the child's aptitudes.
Alarmed the government began a system
of careDDr guidance, obligatory for all children at the ages of 13 or 14 in
state schools. Hundreds of those centers for professional or&entation now
operate all over France, staffed by a sufficient number of experts to form
an intimate study of each 14-year old child,
In France the child's education begins
in the 12th class (kindergarten)continuing to the 7th which he usually reaches
at the age of thirteen. Successful completion of this "primary school" cour-
se and passage of written and oral examination entitles the child to a
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"certificat d'etude". Summary written entrance examination enables him
to go to the Lyceum, where he passes the first year in the sixth class.
is a great ppr',
This i class
for the child; he is an adolescent, only hehasonly one more year of c ompu._
~
sory education, and he considers that life is full of opportunities.
He may go on through the Lycee cours.1,
the 6th, the 5th and so down through the let and finish up with a "Bac),loN
or else he can get a second "certificat d'etudes" which shows that he has
finished his compulsory education, and go out into the world.
The principals of the primary schools
furnish to the orientation center an analysis of the mental aptitudes of
each 14--year old child. To this information is added the results of the
medical examination indicating his physical fitness and especially noting
the occupations which might endanger his health.
The O.P. (Orientation professionello)
examiner, who prefers to be called a "guide" rather than a director uses
these two reports on mental aptitude and physical tendencies as he makes
out his own analysis of the child's form of intelligence, dexterity, re-
actions and temperament. He must personally consult the child and his
parents several times to find out the tastes and inclinations of every one
concerned, and his examination by tests is completed by indication of the
child's situation and surroundings and, his parents' occupations.
The school teacher, who knows better than
anyone the child's taste for work, and his moval fiber, makes the greatest
contribution toward. guiding the child toward a congenial occupation. Too
often parents are too self-centered to judge properly their child.'s fitness.
But the school teacher can not replace the OP advisor because he has no
time to systemize his observations. Often too the child's "department" Is
very different from his behavior outside of school.
The doctor, has an opportunity of making
a very complete examination at this stage - weight, hight, chest expansion,
breathing capacity, pulse, arterial tension and muscular strength. The
doctor's report is the principal agent in turning a child away from an
occupation for which he is unfit.
A ocmplete explanation of the psycho-
technique principles involved would fill a book but they are briefly, the
methods of experimental psychology. They touch on mental functions --
form, type and rapidity of the intelligence and memory, magna on and
verbal function -- and on the sensory functions -- eye sight, hearing, etc -
as well as on adaptability and onaracTer -=inant tastes, principal ten-
dencies and activities,
The OP guides final report card presents
in simple fashion,, a profile of the child's characteristics. The card is
really in three parts: (1) up and down the left hand edge, a list of 14
characteristics to be analyzed -- attention, memory etc (list is given
below); '2) in the next column a code note about each of the 14; and t3)
on the rest of the card, the greater part, a graph formed. by 14 dots, one
opposite each characteristic joined together in a line. Each of these 14
dots are placed on one or another of ton vertical lines -- if the dot in-
dicating memory, for example, is on the vertical line nearest the left,
then the child's memory is exceptionally good, but if the dot opposite
"memory" is on the vertical line farthest to the right, then the child's
memory is extremely poor. The joining together of the 14 dots forms a
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profiles which a little practice makes easily recognizable.
The 14 characteristics thus analyzed
attention, memory, imagination, reasoning, common-sense, moch?4nical u.n.'
standing, power of spatial representation, power of dissoc'.a,tf.on of m v,
ments, manual dexterity, precision of execution, sensitivoneess of toil0. ,
automatization, fatigue time, and reaction time.
The OP center is, naturally, in clus,
touch with the regional Ministry of Labor employment bureau, although the
OP center itself is part of the Ministry of Education. The employment
bureau finds the apprentice school for which the child is best adapted.
The parents are ent4roly responsible for the final decision, They must
decide whether they want the child to go on to general .supplementary study
or high. school course -- or to technical studies in professional schools,
centers of apprenticeship . or directly tnto an apprenticeship with a
farmer artisan, or in manufacturing or trade,
After the primary school stage the OP
center no longer acts obligatorily as the child's guide. The optional
"BUS" } (Bureau Universitaire des Statistiques) take's'
akes its place as an advisor
on the profession to follow,
In France it is generally thought that a
family which sends its child to high school ("Lycee") is giving the best
possible aid towards a professional career. That is the reason that "BUS",
born in 1933 during the carch period, and at first scoffed at, has proved
its importance in steering young people into congenial occupations, although
it is not in any way official or obligatory.
Full results of the OP and BUS system
in France can not be Judged until about 1960, in the Opinion of the business
and professional leaders who share in the formation of the government's
educational plans. The violent spiritual and economic upsets of the war
and postwar period make estimates of effectiveness unreliable. Nevertheless
the feeling is already strong among those who employ yound men and women
that the traditional waste of the early working years through misdirection
is being increasingly avoided.
The Man in the German Street
acnens feature edited
by Kendall Fors
Munich, September.- Two small but mo-
mentous events brought a flicker of hope to the eyes of the ordinary man
in the carman street last week. Both of these events were international
and both were the work of university students.
The first was the burning of a frontier
barrier on the Franco-German border, not far from Switzerland. Some 400
students, from nine different countries performed the symbolic act. The
significant thing is that the march against the barriers was launched from
both the French and German sides and in about equal numbers.
They arrived in the night-, carrying
torches and singing. They took the border guards and customs inspectors
who were stationed there prisoner amid uproarious laughter - the guards
tactfully offered no resistance - and then they overthrew the red and white
striped poles that mark the end of one nationalistic world and the beginning
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of another. Amid pledges to work for the creation of a United States of
Europe, they then burned the poles.
After they had gone, the guards solemn-
ly erected provisional barriers and resumed the checking of travellers.
Not long afterwards another group of
studentsq me- 4:.no, here in an international youth forum, got another symbolic
idea. "U,e w C.o c; end a delegation to the European Parliament at
Strass'bur forum's resolution calling for federation and an
end to senseleei.3 c ivis1'.ons among the people's of Europe.
They hired. a bus, decorated it with the
green and white of "Europe" and set off for Strassburg - without a passport
and without a single piece of paper authorizing them to leave Germany or
enter France. This time no force was used. They simply explained to the
German guards where they wanted to go and why. Surprisingly, the German
said., "Bitte Schoen". Fifty yards farther on, at the French barrier, a
somewhat longer discussion ensued, but it., too, ended in a gallant, "S'il_.
ltous plait." In Strassburg itself they found many friendly citizens eager
to show them the way to the Parliament and. to stir up quarters and a meal
for the delegates of youth. Of course, they had no trench money, nor any
that could be converted into francs.
No two stories in recent months have
caused so much conversational comment - excluding war stories, of course, -
as the reports of these half-prankish incidents. Nor is the reason far to
seek: the people of Germany, and, in fact, of most of the rest of free
Europe, have a deep longing for something better than strictly divided
compartments. They want Pan-Europa - and. their desire is clearly reflected
in the resolutions of the Strassburg Parliament.
It is the governments - and perhaps the
forces behind these governments - that hesitate. This is reflected in the
cautious deliberations Qf the Council of Ministers, and in the differences
which keep coming up between the Council and the Parliament.
The man in the street understands this,
more or less, and he is reconciled to the fact that governments move slowly.
But his pleasure over the exploits of the students indicates that he is also
aware that people have to push their governments - and this is distinctly
not. a :Lesson that he learned from Hitler.
European Jigsaw
by Philip W. Whitcomb
The changes in West Germany's status as a defeated country are regarded by
'E ofi se Germans who hope to b be e po itical leaders of the next fifteen years
as too slow; by other 'Vest Europeans specially concerned with Germany as too
fast but unavoidable because of Russia. Those who have been involved most
closely and for the longest time with Germany's irrepressibility foresee
the immediate German future in three states: (1) a continuance of the pre-
sent stage, in which public places are held by Germans suffered or chosen
because of their ocnpa~'ative acceptability to the Allies; (2) the re-emorgen-
ce of men who em'_ ii.` driving German spirit which, at least during the
last twenty cen..~'es or so has never known when to stop; and (3) a stage
during which Germany will choose between peaceful amalgamation with 'Nest
Europe or the economic and then political domination of Russia with an
instinctive eye on world leadership.
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The sterling value of the German soldier, and of the German Officer up to
and inc,..u -Lnq division command, coupled with the colossal failures of the
German High Command through the years 1915-1918 and 1941-1945, are the
major military considerations in the question of using Germany in the
defence of West Europe. From the purely technical point of view most West
European military men would prefer to an Germans from high command in al!
its forms except in the purely orgara.'.za';ional work, in which they seem an.-
surpassable; and. to use no German t officers above regimental level.,
Instantaneous German reaction is th y 'U, this attitude is based on jr,:?.:.ousy
and fear; other Nest European officers argue that it is based on recorded
fact,
All German officers will protest furiously and relentlessly against any
pThn w lc bars them from any combat rank above regimental level. Those
Europeans whose duties force them to study the role of German soldiers in
future defense believe for the moment that a durable solution can be found
only If the mass of the German people has lost its blind reverence for the
German officer -- regarded as highly unlikely -- and will accept a plan
under which no German is allowed to fight except as a member of a United
Nations unit acting under United Nations decisions.
A fear of americanization is present in the writings of Francois Mauriac
even when he defends the acts of the American
president. Mauriac in his front page dditorial in Figaro (most widely read
of French morning papers) on 12 sep 50 says that "the initiative of Presiden
Truman in Korea saved the United Nations from suicide and gave world peace
its final chance of salvation;" Mauriac also says that of all men he is
"the least inclined to understand and to indulge in the american form of
civilization" and that "he remains unaffected if not hostile to the way of
life which amerioan civilization imposes on us." Mauriac clearly intended
to strengthen his defense of President Truman by onying "americanization;"
he discloses an inexplicable fear by his choice of word 'imposes.'
Jigsaw bits.- 3 m bales of wool were shipped from Australia to anti-commu-
nst countries during the year ending 31 may 50, and less than a twelfth as
much -- 264,000 bales -- to the communist group. Since that date the Rus-
sian group has received even less ........ General von Schwerin is now
Prime Minister Adenauer's advisor on technical matters ........ Germans
may now repair and maintain aircraft, for licensed air lines, and construct
and. maintain airports The number of employed persons in 'lest
Germany is higher that prewar, at over 14 m, but the number of unemployed
is far higher than at any time since the Nazi system got under wat, at 1.4
m. Both increases are partly to the presence of about 8 m refugees from
eastern areas .e....., An exposition to prove that sovietization brings
industrial success and social happiness was opened in Pekin on 11 sep 50....
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Make Your Own Comment
S1 openings for clever quipsters
offered by John MacNair
"The German people were not represented at Bonn. They have nothing to do
with the decisions of the Bonn Assembly."- Berlin communist Taeglich?
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"The Chief of the Shock.,Brigade of Tractor Drivers of Chiorani, Dumitru
Coetea, announces that 'thanks to Ms having taken the Tractor Driving Cour-
se at the Sovramtraetor Factory in the city of Staline his.brigad.e a0corn-
pushed 230 more than had been expected of It."- Romanian official com--
muniqud n? 617; 15 sep 50.
A young British soldier was arrested on 13 sep 50 in front of the Amer i.c i i.
services canteen in London for persisting in shouting 'Down with the Y`in"-,''
in company with some other demonstrators.
American cigarette companies are doing their own advertising in France now
that some brands are available through the licensed government distributors
as well as on the black market.
The railway car in which the armistice of 11 nov 18 was signed at Compiegne
north east of Paris was taken to Germany in 1940 and later destroyed in a
British air raid. It is now being replaced, on its old site, by a similar
wagon, with explanations.
"Thb atmosphere of the third annual Yugoslav university. gamos . a.t Belgardo
(last week of aug '50) does not seem to have been very friendly .. On
Friday the referee had to send five Skopijo University men off the field.,
one for fouling, one for kicking a Belgrade player as he was sent off, and.
three for 'expressing solidarity.' As there were only six players left
the game was abandoned..... After Saturday's game a Sarajevo University
player knocked down a Zagreb University player while the two teams were
shaking hands and another Sarajevo player kicked the fallen man on the head.
'Players of both teams started attacking each other in a most barbarous
fashion,' according to Omladina, official paper of the Communist-led People'.
Youth, which deplored the incidents as unprecedented, dishonorable, and
completely foreign to the student youth of Yugoslavia. Student sp ctmtore
joined in the ensuing conflict; a number were later oarrl.ad off the field
unconscious.- from the London Times report of the games.
0
'MAP Diary
l2 september 16 september
1950
12 sop 50 At least 60 divisions for ''Vest Europe demanded by Churchill in
cne of his parliamentary attacks against British socialist
government:-- Britain, 6 to 8; Belgium, Luxembourg and Holland
4; Canada 2 to 3; Scandinavia, some",
12 sep 50 Pr.me Minister A w;,oe announce.d the decision of the government
to (. ."r ng it's uce-time land .,? my to ten divisions rather
than six and a half; (2) send a now division to join British
forces already in Germany; (3) bring milatary service to two
years, increasing its army by 77,,900 men. One armored division
and one and a half infantry divis ons..wi l be stationed porma-
nently on the UK homeland. In case of mobilization, Britain
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eould in several weeks raise 22 divisions, of which 12 would
belong to the first reserve. (4) eventually return the nation
to economic controls; (5) support a police force for Germany,
but not an army;
It sop 550 %8 m more in raw materials from 'Vest Europe's colonies to be
bought at once with the 5 % of ERP counterpart funds reserved
for that purpose:- vegetableoils, quinine, rubber, tungsten,
lead and industrial diamond.s.
12 sep 50 General George C. Marshall accepted Truman's appointment to
succeedLouis A. Johnson as Secretary of Defense. Johnson's
resignation becomes effective 19 sep 50.
12 sep 50 Former General Count von 'Schwerin, known for his opposition to
1i'ler, was name ec n c.a adviser to Chancellor Adenauer for
questions concerning security.
13 sep 50 Foreign Minister Schuman at New York said, "The defense of
Germany is . e prow nce of the occupational forces, Our posi-
tion is to give Germany a greater police force to protect in-
terior security and to combat the fifth column. We don't have
the means to arm the Western allies and. Germany also, and the
priority must be given to the armament of the allies:"
13 sop 50 US Senate Foreign Affairs committee approved the theses Acheson
Will uphold at the a orf: (1) Rearmament of the '"Jest at full
speed; (2) Formation and armament of a German contingent with
its own officers integrated in the army of the West.
15 sep 50 The 8ia
Three at the Waldorf accepted the creation of a high-
r1j
commanrged solely with integrating the distinct armies of
the Atlantic countries. An American general will be chosen
commander in chief, with speculation pointing to 1;isenhower.
16 sep 50 French Defense Ministr is taking "preparatory steps" to insure
that; 'the ag no no ortrosees will be ready if France is
attacked. Officials said. there is no question for the moment
for repairing the whole Maginot Line, but some forts are being
reconditioned.
16 sap 50
Senator Henry Cabot Lodge Jr. proposed to increase from 2,500
o V.)9UUU the number of a ens who could enlist in the regular
US Army and receive US citizenship after five years service.
Lodge's bill also authorizes the formation of a "Volunteer
Freedom Corps" of 250,000 aliens who, equipped and paid by the
US, would serve with American units abroad for two-year enlist-
ment periods. Earlier the Senator called for (1) an increase
in Atlantic forces to 60 divisions within two years, the Ub
supplying 20 of these; (2) the inclusion of ten German division
in an international military organization; (3) preparation of
the Japanese to take part in the defense of their homeland;
(4) a request to Spain to furnish six divisions and to Ireland
for three divisions to participate in Western defensei
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