JPRS ID: 10501 SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA REPORT

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• Collection: JPRS
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP82-00850R000500060014-5
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• Document Page Count: 27
• Document Creation Date: November 1, 2016
• Sequence Number: 14
• Content Type: REPORTS

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JPF~S L/ 10501
7 May 1982
Sub-Saharan Africa Re ort
p
FOUO No. 772
Fg~$ FOREIGN BROADCAST INFORMATION SERVICE
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JPRS I,/10501
7 May 1982
SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA REPORT
FOUO No. 772
CONTENTS
ANGOLA .
Lisbon Seen Maintair~ing Good Relations in Southern Africa
(MARCHES TRQPICAUX ET MEDITERRANEENS, 19 Mar 82) 1
CENTRAL AFRICAN REPUBLIC
Briefs
Priority to Rural Development 3
Public Sector Wcrk Hours 3
CHAD
Briefs
- French Civil Aid
CONGO
Brief s
French BRGM Resumes Operations 5
French Aid to CFCO 5
EQUATORIAL GUINEA
Brief s
Spanish Relations 6
GABON
BDG Notes Nation's Economic Prospects
(MARCHES TROPICAUX ET MEDITEftRANEENS, 26 Feb 82) 7
Bri ef s
1981 Petroletm, Uranium Production 10
.
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~
GHANA
Briefs
Rawlings Security Problems 11
GUINEA
French Economic, Financial Relations Apparently Improving
(MARCHES TROPICAUX ET MEDITEkRANEEN5, 12 Mar 82) 12
Brief s
Iron Ore Deposits 16
IVORY COAST
University Students Press for Nlore Freedom
(Siradiou Diallo; JEUNE AFRIQUE, 2!~ Feb 82 : 17
MOZAMBIQUE
Bri ef s
Grain Requirements . 20
_ Water Proj~ct Loan 20
NIGER
_ Briefs
President Visits Diffa Department 21
EDF Rice Farming Grant 21
SE~dEGAMBIA
Briefs
Fxpansion of SAR In~tallations 22
Cotton Production 22
IMF Standby Agreement 22
Tunisian Cooperation 2~
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ANGOLA
LISBON SEFN MAINTAINING GOOD RELATIONS IN SOUTHERN AFRICA
Paris ?~IARCHES TROPICAUX ET MEDITERRANEENS in French No 1897, 19 Mar 82 p 809
[Text] Portugal intends to strengthen its relations with Angola. That is
what can be implied from a recent 3-day visit to Luanda during the second week
of March by the Portuguese minister of foreign affairs, Andre Goncalves
Pereira. This visit is the first by a Portuguese foreign minister since
Angola's independence in 1975.
Goncalves Pereira was coming from Brazil and during a press conference in Sao
Paulc, on 4 March, he announced that his visit to Luan~a would be follawed by
one from the Portuguese minister for finance and planning and later, probably
in May, by a visit from President Antonio Ramalho Eanes of the Republic of
Portugal heading an important delegation of businessmen.
During his stay, the Portuguese minister--who was met on arrival by his
Angolan counterpart, Paulo Jorge--was received by the president of the Repub-
lic of Angola, Jose Eduardo dos Santos, and had talks with the minister for
planning and foreign trade, Lopo do Nascimento, and with the minister of fi-
nance, Ismael Martins. �
From a political viewpoint, this trip is an opportunity to recall Portugal's
special position in relation to Southern Africa. It is a fact that Lisbon had
"good if not close" relations with both An~o1a and South Africa where a situ-
ation ~f conflict exists, with countries of the Contact Group on Namibia and
with African countries known as "frontline cQUntries."
Although Portugal condemns apartheid, it feels grateful towards Pretoria be-
cause South Africa opened its doors to many Portuguese exiles after Angola and
Mozambique became inde~,endent in 1975 (the Portuguese community in South
Africa numbers around 600,000 people).
While not taking part in the process of Namibia's independence, Portugal '
wishes for the negotiations in progress to rapidly succeed and endorses UN
Resolution 435 calling for a ceasefire and for elections conducted under in-
ternational supervision.
In the economic sphere, Portugal is Angola's major supplier from the West,
closely followed by France, then by Brazil. Between 8,000 and 10,000
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Portuguese are officially registered in Angola and most of them are working
as overseas volunteers or on contract but the total number of Portuguese na-
tionals in the country is estimated to be at least double that figure.
Independent Angola, observers point out, suffered a great loss with the de-
parture of some 30,000 Portuguese cadres most of whom co~uld not be replaced.
Also, and according to Luanda, friction often arises as a result of the ac-
tivities of the "retornados" [returneesJ (the Portuguese equivalent of the
- "pieds noirs" [Algerian-born FrenchmenJ) and of the support given by some
- Portuguese circles to opponents of the MPLL~, Angola~s ruling party.
One of the bilateral issues discussed in Luanda was thP question of compen-
sation for the confiscated assets of former Portuguese settlers. The Angolan
authorities have always maintained that compensation for those whr left at a
moment's notice was out of the question. This is a typical problem in de-
colonization.
In addition to their cooperation in the linguistic and cultural sphere, the
two countries cooperate in most of the sectors where Portugu~se nationals are
employed, specially in the energy sector where the main pro~ect involves the
building of the second stage of the Cambambe Dam, 200 kms southeast of Luanda.
COPYRIGHT: Renz Moreux et Cie Paris 1982.
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FUR OFFIC'lAl. USF ONI.Y
CENTRAL Ak'RICAN REPUBLIC
BRIEFS
PRIORITY TO RURAL DEVELOPMF.~IT--The annual conference on rural development,
which was held in Bangui from 15 February to 20 February, was opened by the
Central African minister of agriculture and animal husbandry, Lt Col Alphonse
Gombadi, who declared that the Central African Republic's economic potential
could allow it to produce trade and budget surpluses "by giving priority to
rural development." The minister stated that it wi11 be a matter of "prcmot-
ing all subsistence and market garden crops in order to betfier inst~re food
. self-sufficiency, the key to the economic recovery strategy." In tne cash
. crops area, Central African authorities are proposing in the short and medium
term to increase the volume of export products while maintaining supply of
raw materials to local industries. Coffee production should be getting up
to 20,000 tons very fast. In order to facilitate farming work a special
emphasis will be put on the means making it possible to modernize agri-
culture in the years to come. In particular the improvement of agricultural
techniques and the expansion of tilling using draft animals ought to make
it possible to attain these ob~ectives. Thanks to a policy of decentraliz-
ing the agricultural training agencies efforts wi11 also be undertaken with
a view to bringing the farmer closer to rural development institutions in ~
order to have broad participati~n of country dwellers in the decisions which
concern them. [Text] [Paris MARCHES TROPICAUX ET MEDITERRANEENS in French
No 1894, 26 Feb 82 p 625] [COPYRIGHT: Rene Moreux et Cie Paris 1982.]
9631
PUBLIC SECTOR WORK HOURS--Public Sector: Unbroken Work.~ay: On 26 February
President Kolingba signed an order instituting an "unbroken workday" for the
public and parastatal enterprise sectors in the Central African Republic.
7'lie iiew wcrk hours, which come into effect starting 1 March, are being
establislied as follows: Monday to Friday from 0630 to 1330, and Saturday from
0700 to 1200. In addition, a presidential decree sets the opening hours for
caEes and dance halls. This new regulation is meant to restrict as much as
possible the presence of civil servants in bars during work hours. [Text]
[Paris MARCHES TROFICAUX ET MEDITERRANEENS in French No 1895, 5 Mar 82 p 688]
[COPYRIGHT: Rene Moreux et Cie Paris 1982.J 9631
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CHAD
BRIEFS
FRENCH CIVIL AID--In a response to a written question published in the 22
February Official Jouranl, Jean-Pierre Cot, French minister delegate for
cooperation and development, stated that French civil aid to Chad "to date"
amounted to Fr 59.4 million. The minister said that this aid will be
_ "maintained and expanded in 1982 in accordance with requests of the Chadian
Government." The minister went on to say that spe~ial French aid to Chad
involved mostly the capital of Chad where "action on the part of the French
Ministry of Cooperation and Development has made it possible to reestablish
_ the conditions necessary for a retutn to normal activity" (restoration of
water, electric~ty and telephone; fitting out ferries making it possible to
cross th~: river; setting up emergency health aid). In addition, the French
Governmer.c has kept up "aid in areas not much affected by the war, mainly
in the south, where our overseas volunteers have continued their activity
and where our consular presence, in Moundou, has been maintained without a
b:eak." The extent of the damage caused by the civil war is too great to be
dealt with by "France's means alone." I~e mentioned that last November on the
request of the Transitional National Union Government (GUNT) of Chad the
French Government organized an international conference in which the major
sourc:es of foreign aid, multilateral ai;d bilateral, participated. [Text]
[Paris MARCHES TROPICAUX ET MEDITERRANEFNS in French No 1895, 5 Mar 82 p 688;
- [COPYRIGHT: Rene Moreux et C;e Faris 19a2.] 9631
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~OR OFFICIAI. USti UNLti'
CONGO
BRIEFS
FRENCH BRGM RESUMES OPERATIONS--The "newsletter" of France's BRGM (Bureau of
Geological and Mining Exploration) recently reported that the BRGM's drawing
- up a mineral survey in the People's Republic of the Congo on behalf of the
Congolese Ministry of Mines and Energy (on the basis of French financing)
marked the resumption of the BRGM's activity in that country. The afore-
mentioned undertaking consists of first collecting all the information gathered
owing to studies and work carried out on Congolese territory by analyzing
geological and mining documentation. Missions in the field will then make it
possible to verify the collected data, to make a synthesis of all of it, and
to delimit the areas most likely to have mineral ores present. Thus, the
mineral survey makes it possible to answer the first question any mining
exploration contractor (government authorities or private companies) asks
himself: where is one to prospect for needed ore or ores with the best
. probability of success? And, in a def'ined region what mineral resources does
one have the best chance of discovering; and where are they located? Thus,
the mineral survey contri~utes in a cr~ttical way to working out prospecting
plans. In addition, the BRGM is making an initial reconnaissance into the
Niari for sites for extraction of raw materials for a cement factory project.
After that samplings will have to be carried out on the most promising sites
in order to get to know the potential of available raw materials for meeting
the needs of the future cement factory. [Text) [Paris MARCHES TROPICAUX ET
MEDITERRANEEi~S in French No 1895, S Mar 82 p 690] [COPYRIGHT: Rene Moreux et
Cie Paris 1982.J 9631
' FRENCH AID TO CFCO--On 19 February in Brazzaville France and Congo signed a
bilateral agreement in the amount of 400 million CFA francs (8 million French
francs) relating to the 7th seg~ent of the Congo-Ocean Railroad (CFCO) track
relaying project. France's Aid and Cooperation Fund (FAC) has already made
6 grants totalling 4 billion CFA francs (80 million French francs) which fa11
under the heading of its participafiion in that pro~ect. [Text~ [Paris
MARCHES TROPICAUX ET MEDITERRANEENS in French No 1894, 26 Feb 82] [COPYRIGHT:
Rene Moreux et Cie Paris 1982.] 9631
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~ r
EQUATORIAL GUI~iEA
BRIEFS
SPANISH RELATIONS--According to the Madrid daily EL PAIS, assets deposited by
the Equatorial Guinean Central Bank in Spain were frozen on 12 February by a
legal decision in reference to a Spanish company's suit. The newspaper said
" that the measure affects the accounts which the Equatorial Guinean Central
Bank has at the Bank of Spain and the Banco Exterior. This whole business
is occurring at a time when relations between Madrid and Malabo are going
through a particularly delicate phase. According to AFP, the Malabo au-
thorities are in actual fact accusing the former colonial power of i~posing
a"veritable economic diktat" on Malabo again. According to a Spanish source
in Malabo cited by AGENA [expansion unknown], the relations between the two
countries have never been so strained during the time since Col Teodoro
Obiang Nguema came to power on 3 August 1979. The economic recovery plan
presented by Madrid last November has been "frozen" by the Equatorial Guinean
Supreme Military Council (Government). The latter opposes in particular the
naming of high-level Spanish civil servants to the Mimistries of Finance and
B~lc?get who would have "decisionmaking power" in the country's economic manage-
ment. The presence of these high-level civil servants is ~the "condition" re-
quired by Spain for continuing its financial aid to its former colony. There
are indications from Western sources in Malabo that Spa~n's aid has added up
to $25 million in less than 3 years. To justify such a r~~~sirement Spain
stresses that since the fall of the dictator Macias Mguema ''~ew things have
really changed" to straighten out the country's economy. In addition, Spanish
authorities complain about the Equatorial Guinean administration's "incompe-
tence." In order to boost its economy and face up to the consequences of its
disagreements with Spain, Equatorial Guinea intends to "give greater impor-
tance to" its relations with other states. Thus, France has financed
"limited orerations" (in particular the redevelopment of the port of Malabo)
the cost of which reached Fr 18 million in 1981. [Text] [Paris MARCHES
TROPICAUX ET MEDITERRANEENS in French No 1894, 26 Feb 82 p 625] [COPYRIGHT:
Rene Moreux et Cie Paris 1982~] 96~1
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GABON
BDG NOTES NATION~S ECQNOMIC PROSPECTS
Paris MARCHES TROPICAUX ET MEDITERRANEENS in French No 1894, 26 Feb 82 pp
626, 627
[Text] In recent correspondence Jean-Felix Mamalepot, direczor general of the
Gabon Development Bank (BDG) gave us his opinion regarding economic prospects
in Gabon at the start of 1982.
He noted that in spite of the country's remarkable financial recovery, re-
sumption of economic activity at the end of 1981 "was starting up only very
hesitantly sin.ce business activity was not yet really making itself felt.
Since the state has remained to this day the largest if not the sole initiator
of large development projects in all sectors and cautiousness will henceforth
be its golden rule, it no longer intends to initiate projects in great haste
but is giving increasing care to their selection, to their study, to their
- valuation, and to the determination of their real economic impact before
starting them up. Since the "Building and Public Works" sector was the cause
of the overheating of the years 1975-77, we no longer intend to favor it ex-
cessively but wil~ attemp'; to emphasize profitable projects, particularly in
agriculture and agribusi*~ess, with a view to gradually preparing for the
"post-oil" period. A~ least we are very much aware of th is even though
spectacular results on this score are not just around the corr.er. Neverthe-
less, we are putting a great deal of hope in operati~ns such as: AGR(?GA30N
[Company for Agriculture and Livestock-raising Development in Gabon], in which
the Gabon Development Bank is involved to the tune of more than 4 billion CFA
francs out of an initial investment segcnent of 12 billion (6,000 laectares of
palm trees to be planted); HEVEGAB: [Gabon Rubber CompanyJ planting rubber
trees in the Mitzic region, the financing arrangement not completely settled
even though most of the lenders have made their interest in the pro~ect clear;
and SIAEB [Boumango Agriculture and Livestock-raising Industrial Company],
, production of livestock fodder an~.a. chickens for eating in Boumango in the
Franceville region: the Gabon Dev~-~lopment Bank's involvement in that is 500
million CFA francs.
Furthermore, the 1982 budget which the parliament has ~ust voted amounts to
453,5 billion CFA francs and balances out in receipts and expenditures. That
budget devotes more than 12 billion CFA francs to agriculture.
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Unfortunately a decline in most of our export products must be noted. The
decline in our oil reserves is continuing because of fihe deposits being de-
pleted. Thus, the first 8 months of 1981 showed a decline of 17 percent com-
pared with the same period in 1980. Crude oil production in volume terms was
_ 6,036,167 tons for the first 8 months of 1980 and 4,969,763 tons for the first
8 months of 1981.
The fall in manganese production is the consequence of the recession and low
figures for iron and steelmaking in the industrial countries which are con-
sumers for that ore. The manganese mining results show a fall of 40.3 per-
cent. Production was 1,108,207 tons at the end of September 1981 compared to
1,705,036 tons at the end of September 1980.
On the other hand, uranium metal production was increasing slightly, by 4.4
percent, as of the end of Au~ust 1981. Exports increased by the end of that
same period by 7.4 percent compared to the same period in 1980.
It must be noted that COMUF [Franceville Uranium Mining Company) anticipates
stopping operations of its uranium processing plant for two months at the be-
ginning of 1982 in ozder to replace and renovate ~ome of its equipment. The
company wanted to establish an available stock of 270 tons of inetal at the
end of 1981.
While coffee and cocoa production still show disappointing results, sugar-
cane production is encouraging. Refined sugar production went from 6,865
tons in 1978 to 9,009 tons in 1979 and 13,034 tons in 1980. Since 1oca1
consumption is around 7,500 tons, the rest, which is 5,500 tons since
SOSUHO [Haut-Ogooue Sugar Campany) has decided to maintain its production at
13,000 tons in 1981, will be e~orted.
Timber output, particularly okoume, continues to decline. The cumulative re-
sults by the end of August 1981 were 624,000 cutiic meters as against 740,OJ0
cub ic meters the previous year.
Getting baclc to the monetary and financial area, Gabon's financial situation
has continuously and unceasingly grown stronger after having reached an
equilibrium following drastic xecovery measures put in place by the govern-
ment.
Gabon's foreign currency situation (foreign exchanga reserves) has progressed
recently as follows: (figures in millions of CFA francs) -12,461 in August
1979; -789 in August 1980; +37,345 in April 1981; +48,459 in June 1981;
+51,316 in August 1981.
Gabon's net external assets managed by the Central Bank haT~e advanced as fol-
lows; (figi~res in millions of CFA francs) 8,457 in August 1979; 18,360 in
August 1980; 53,787 in April 1981; 70,161 in June 1981; 80,040 in August 1981.
After that analysis Mr Mamalepot concluded: "Thus, after the financial shock
of 1977 Gabon is certainly sti11 rebandaging its wounds, wounds which are
healing up, and it has not reached cruising speed, but it is coming out of
. ~
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"that liistorical stage of its economy tested and glorious. While Gabon has
made mistakes or blunders in the past, 3.t is, neverthel.ess, to its credit
that it has recognized them in time and imposed a brutal and strict d~.s-
cipline on itself and turned this difficult corner in a relatively short
_ period of time. That is what explains its present cautiousness and the slow
and measured resumption of business activity.
"In circumstances such as these the Gabon Development Bank's activity natur-
ally finds itself slowed down. Though fiscal 1980 for the bank could be con-
sidered exceptional, with more than Fr 9 billion of credits granted owing
to sizable and targeted assistance set up for AGROGABON, a noteworthy drop
in the level of grants in 1981 must be expected.
"Since the Gabon Development Bank's activity is mainly oriented toward fi-
nancing big investments in the medium and long-term (which distinguishes it
from standard commercial banks), and paperwork relating to investments of
that kind was not initiated by developers, amounts of assistance comparable
to those of 1980 were not run up in 1981."
COPYRIGHT; Rene Moreux et Cie Paris 1982.
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hUk ()Nh'll.'IAL U~r. l)NLI~'
GABON
BRIEFS
1981 PETROLEUM, URANIUM PRODUCTION--Extractive Operations: Estimate of 1981
ResulCs: According to unofficial sources, Gabon's oil production only reached
7 million tons in 1981 compared to 8.5 million in 1980. Manganese production
was said to be on the order of 1.5 million tons as against 2 million in 1980.
Uranium production was said to be remaining steady at about 1,000 tons of
uranium metal. [Text] [Paris MARCHES TROPICAUX ET MEDITERRANEENS in French
No 1895, 5 Mar 82 p 689] [COPYRIGHT: Rene Moreux et Cie Paris 1982.] 9631
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GHANA
BRIEFS
FcAWLINGS SECURITY PROBLEMS--Captain Rawlings is facing an increasingly serious
economic situation while rumors of a plot continue to circulate in Accra, the
AFP notes. According to the news agency, the president of the Provisional
National Defense Council has actually been the target of several assassination
attempts with the latest said to have taken place on 5 March, on the eve of
celebrations marking the 25th anniversary of the counCry's independence. It
is said that the officers who organized the operation--they were reported to
be eight--have already been executed. The news agency also mentions that
Captain Rawlings on.ly goes around in a combat car and under heavy escort even
inside his own base camp, the Burma Camp. His feeling of being in a vulner-
able position could also explain why he has delayed adopting the promised
measures of economic recovery. On 13 March, speaking about the coup d'etat
of 31 December and about Libya's aid to his country, Captain Rawlings said
~ that the military took over not because they were avid for power but because
they could not watch impassively the collapse of the country. The head of
state did not conceal from his compatriots the fact that "difficult times"
were in store for them but he assured them that the "days of slavery and ex-
ploitation were over forever," The head of state also said that Libyan aid
to his country was limited to supplies of petrol and food for the anny and
did not include any arms delivery. Captain Rawlings also denied that Libya
had sent troops and equipment t~ organize the coup. He also denied any kind
- of Soviet penetration in Ghana pointing out that the Soviet Red Cross had
only sent to the country 8 tons of drugs. [Excerpts] [Paris MARCHES
TROPICAUX ET MEDITERRAI~TEENS in French No 1897, 19 Mar 82 p 794J [COPYRIGHT:
Rene Moreux et Cie Paris 1982.] 8796
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GUINEA
FRENCH ECONOMIC, FINANCIAL RELATIONS APPARENTLY IMPROVING
Paris MARCHES TROPICAliX ET MEDITERRANEENS in French No 1896, 12 Mar 82 p 734
[Text] After a 20-year chill punctuated by unsuccessful attempts at rapproche-
ment, there is now reason to hope relations between France and Guinea may
take a more favorable turn in the context of renewed cooperation. Guinea
has already benefited from French loans in both the public and private sector
in the years since 1976, when diplomatic relations between the two countries
were restored.
Guinea is not yet benefiting from the FAC (Aid and Cooperation Fund), but the
CCCE (Central Fund for Economic Cooperation) has gotten involved through long-
term loans to help finance various Guinean development projects: enhancing
hydro-electric energy production capacity, railroad modernization, restora-
tion and expansion of the teleco~�nunications network, mining investments.
Other new financing accords will help Guinea increase its hard currency earn-
ings: mines, industrial fishing, agriculture, etc....
In addition, COFACE [French Insurance Company for Foreign Trade] has guarante-
ed a number of private sector loans in all sectors of the Guinean economy:
agriculture, energy, transport, telecommunications, energy, mines, tourist
infrastructure, provision of consumer and equipment goods, etc....
In 1977 it signed an agreement with the BFCE (French Foreign Commerce Bank)
enabling it to make purchases on credit. Up to now French banks have not
had a.great deal of direct involvement, outside the export financing opera-
tions and transactions guaranteed by COFACE. Nevertheless, Guinea has obtain-
ed lines of credit from the BFCE and the BUE (European Union Bank) for the
refinancing of installment payments on various contracts, and, more recently,
L-rom the French Commercial Bank, the "Credit Lyonnals" and the "Societe
Generale." In addition, a number of transactions relative to short-term
operations are being handled through the intermediation of the BIAO [Inter-
national Bank for West Africa].
Guinea has had serious problems meeting its debt repayment and commitments
on loans made with French banks through private-sector credit guaranteed
by COFACE. So an agreement with that institution was signed in December 1980
providing a debt moratorium and rescheduling.
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Industrial Presence
French industry has found many fields of activity in Guinea: study and renova-
tion of the Conakry-Kankan railroad, highway projects and building construc-
tion, modernization of the telecommunications network (telephone exchanges,
- provision and laying of cables, a Telspace ground station, water supply and
village hydraulic engineering, rehabiliation of the turbines at the Grandes
Chutes dam, electrification in Conakry and urban centers in the interior,
renovation of the fruit juice production facility in the agro-industrial
sector, construction of the clinker-crushing unit, renovation of the struc-
ture and equipment of state-owned enterprises: the Sanoya textile complex,
the Kankan brickworks, tobacco and matches, tire recapping, paint, furniture,
etc....
Since 1960 the Pechiney-Ugine-Kuhlmann firm has been operating an internation-
al consortium, Frialco, which mines the Fria bauxite deposit and produces
alumina on the spot. The Guinean Government owns a 49 percent interest in
the mining company: the other 51 percent is divided between Pechiney (18.25
percent) and Noranda (19.25 percent), British Aluminum (5.5 percent), Alusiusse
(5.5 percent) and MGW (2.5 percent). During recent years Fria's alumina
production has steadily increased: 500,000 tons in 1975, then 653,100 tons
in 1979 and 708,000 tons in 1980. Production in 1981 has been estimated
at around 700,000 tons.
The Guinean Goverm~~nt hold a 51 percent interest and is the majority partner
inthe Guinea Bauxite Company (CBG), which was created in 1971 to exploit
the Boke-Sangaredi deposit. The American company Alcoa runs actual operations,
and Pechiney-Ugine-Kuhlmann is in partnership (5.1 percent) with American,
Canadian, German and Italian firms, Bauxite production has grown from 3.8
million tons in 1975 to 8.3 million tons in 1979 and 9.3 million tons in
1980.
The Guinean Government is an equal partner with several foreign associates in
MIFERGUI [Iron Mining Company of Guinea], which was created to exploit the
iron ore deposit at Mount Nimba. The 50 percent interest held by foreign
partners is shared between Liberia, Nigeria, Algeria, Libya and--though
state-owned enterprises--Romania, Yugoslavia and Spain. Private sector
interests (totaling 9.81 percent) include the French steel company Solmer- ,
Usinor (3.37 percent), U.S. Steel and a Japanese company.
COGEMA [Nuclear Material General Company], an offshoot of the Atomic Energy
Commission, carried out a uranium prospecting operation covering all of
northern Guinea in 1980-1981. Another COGEMA affiliate, MINERSA, became
involved f.rom 1979-1981 in the Guinea Diamond Company, whose prospecting
operations should continue.
No French companies are involved in oil exploration at present; the American
company Union Texas, however, has subcontracted offshore seismic studies
to the General Geophysical Company.
BRGM [Bureau of Geological and Mining Exploration] is involved in a program
- to locate and improve waterholes.
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~ F(
A semi-public works campany, the National Construction Company of Guinea
(SONATIta-Guinea) has been established with a capital of $8 million: French
partners hold a total of :,7 percent (Entreprise Jear~ Lefebvre, Grands Travaux
de Marseille and Entreprise Colas); a German company ;~as a 12 percent inter-
est, and the Guinean Government is the majority shareY~older with 51 percent.
In 1980 another semi-public company was established ii.i partnership with a
French company, the Guinea Construction Company (SOGU:CCO).
_ Trade Relations and Cooperation
Franco-Guinea commerical relations are an asset to France's overall trade
balance. Both French sales and purchases grew (by 24.2 and 36 percent;
respectively) during the first 9 months of 1981.
Franco-Guinean trade is shown in the following table, in millions of French
francs: ~
1979 1980 1980 1981
9 mos. 9 mos.
French imports 220.4 182.8 127.5 173.5
_-French exports 412.5 412.8 288.4 358.1
Bauxite and alumina figure prominently in imports: Fr 198 million in 1979,
159.5 million in 1980, and 165.3 million for the first 9 months of 1981.
French purchases of bananas from Guinea--very significant in the past--have
fallen to an insignificant level: Fr 1 million in the first 9 months of
1981; some coffee was also purchased (Fr 4.3 million).
French sales are primarily in the area of food products (flour, dairy products,
sugar, canned goods and beverages), equipment goods (engineering and electri-
cal equipment, vehicles, railway equipment) and consumer goods (fertilizers,
chemical products, tires, tools and machinery, cardboard, etc....)
Franco-Guinean cooperation in the field of culture, while it was never broken
off, remains at a modest level. The French academic team in Conakry, respon-
sible to L-he French Embassy, carries out French programs; the technical schools
of the semi-public companies Friguia and Guinea Bauxite Company are specialized
in bauxite extraction and processing. Several French development experts have
been seconded to Guinean institutions, and some [French] professors are going
- to give courses at the University of Conakry each year or head seminars while
on short-term missions. From 20 to 25 Guinean students on scholarships
provided by the French Government travel to France each year for training or
refresher courses.
Witl~ regard to technical cooperation, ORSTOM [Overseas Scientific and Techni-
ca.l Research OfficeJ and the French research institutes have no involvemei~t
in Guinea apart from projects financed and coordinated by international bodies.
ScientiFic and technical cooperation is crystallizing around a small number
of operations: hydrogeological studies by the BRGM, the training of skilled
workers in the fields of automative mechanics and agricultural machinery by
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Renault's engineering subsidiary, cartographic surveys and preparation of
the master plan for Conakry by the National Georgranhic Institute and, finally,
the attendance in December 1981 of Guinean represenatives to the Medico-
Pharmaceutical Week sponsored by the Ministry of Health, the Nati~nal Phar-
maceutical Industry Association and some ten private laboratories.
COPYRIGHT: Rene Moreux et Cie Paris 1981
9516
CSO: 4719/992
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GUINEA
BRIEFS
IRON ORE DEPOSITS--Nimba Mountains: Plan for Cooperation With the EEC: On
26 February~in Brussels the Guinean minister of mines, Ismael Toure, declared
that Guinea has proposed to the European Economic Community that the latter
participate in the Nimba-Simandou iron ore deposit mining project near Guinea's
Liberian border. Mr Toure stated that the second portion of the Nimba
Mountains deposit mining project is slated to make it possible to bring high-
grade iron ore production from 15 to 20 million tons. The Nimba deposit is
an extension of Liberia's deposit which is in the process of being exhausted.
According to the experts, the Nimba project is meant to make it possible to
use installations already existing in Liberia, especially the railway necessary
for transporting the Guinean ore to the coast. The project's total cost is
$990 million. Ismael Toure's stay in Brussels was from 23 February to 2 March.
[Text] (Paris MARCHES ET MEDITERRANEENS in French no 1895, 5 Mar 82 p 681]
[COPYRIGHT: Rene Moreux et Cie Paris 1982.] 9631
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NORY COAST
UN NERSITY STUDENTS PRESS FOR MORE FREEDOM
Paris JEUNE AFRIQUE in French 2!~ Feb 82 pp 18-19
L Article ~ special correspondant Siradiou Diallo: ~~Discontent at the Uni-
versity" /
L Text_/ Since the morning cf 11 February the University of Abidjan looks like
an entrenched camp whose occupants are all in hiding. Among the deserted build-
ings, overshadowed by the tall fronds of tropical trees, members of republican
_ security companies wander about in battle dress, helrneted, and with .hefty
black truncheons hanging on their b~lts. All the higher education establish-
ments and university residence halls in the Ivorian capital offer the same
spectacle of desolation. The olive drab figures have taken the place of stu-
dents everywhere. The former are preparing to camp on the premises for a
long time, the latter, after packing their bags, went off with books and note-
books under their arms. The university bus drivers play checkers or take long
naps in the shade of their carefully aligned veMicles in the Ytuge parking lot
opposite the campus.
On 10 February, after a four-hour debate, the political bureau of the PDCI
(Democratic Party of the Ivory Coast) announced the closing of the university
and the higher education establishments in Abidjan until further notice, the
evacuation of all the university villages and residences in the capital, and
suspension of higher education scholarhips. The political bureau's communique
also declared the strike called by SYNARES (African Union for Research and
Higher Education) illegal, and announced that the syndicate is no longer re-
cognized either by the party or the government. This amounts to .saying that
between the 15,000 students of the University of Ab~djan and the authorities,
i;}iere is a tx~ial of strengi~h. How did it come to this?
It all began on 5 February. 'Th~.t day, the national daily newspaper FRATERNITE-
M~TIN ran an article entitled '~Leaks and Cheating on Examinations, a Plague
Gnawing at the University," in which are given in detail a11 the techniques
u;;ed by students for cheating during examinations. The author of the article,
l~adji Sidibe, had merely written down the confidences of .students about prac-
tices that are not, incidentally, special to the University of Abidjan, but
a.r.e commonly encountered elsewhere, and conspicuously in France. Feeling
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- t}iut thcir honox� was under attack, the Ivorian students decided to respond.
Af'i;er a stormy session on the campus, some 200 of them marched on FRATERNITE-
MATIN. To have a discussion, they said, with the author of the offending
article. Fearing that the discussion would degenerate into a fist-fight, the
authorities ordered the demonstration dispersed with clubs. Two days later,
a television broadcast that was to have been presented by a student was sup-
pressed. And on 8 February, a lecture that wa.s to be given by a professor
of the faculty of letters was prohibited in its turn. Deciding that that was
going too far, the students made up their minds to resort to strong measures.
Muscular commandos burst into the classrooms, forcing students and teachers
to disperse. A dean of the faculty was roundly roughed up, and the rector of
the university himself, surprised in his office, subjected to annoyance. Win-
~ dows were splintered. Faced with the hourly inounting tension, the authorities
reacted ruthlessly._ After sur.'rounding the the campus, the CRS L Republican
Security Companies / arrested hundreds of students and took them to the
Adkouedo arm~ camp, on the Bingerville road, in order, said an officer,"to
reeducate them for as long as it takes." In pamphlets calling for general
mobilizat~.on, the students announced an indefinite strike. SYNAhr~~ assisted
them by dE:ciding to ~dbpt' the �same stance. What do th~ Ivoriari officiala feel
- about it? "After all that ha.s been done for these students," they say, "why
this ingratitude?"
And they go on to list in detail all the advantages they~hav~ been given and
the things that have been done for their benefit: scholarships of 1,2,00 CFA
francs +(840 Fr~nch francs) a month, while the SMIC L interoccupational mini-
mum growth wage) is 35,000 CFA francs a month, 18 comfortable university resi-
dences spread all over Abidjan and the suburbs, student rooms at 3,000 CFA
francs a month, restaurant vouchers at 75 CFA francs and free bus transporta-
tion. "What can they be complaining about," say the country's leaders, "un-
:less it is that the head of state spoils them too much?" The students are
denying these advantages, but are denouncing certain flaws. A glance over
their pamphlets is enough to show that. Out of their nine demands, not a
single one is of a material order. Their demands range from the right to
information to freedom of expression, and include respect for the immunity of
the university campus and suppression of extremist and dishonest selection
"intended to turn them into out-of-work intellectuals." They are also calling
for the dissolut~.on of the N~ECI (Movement of Students and Pupils of the
Ivor.y Coast, a government-sponsored organization), and the publication by
FRATERNITE-MATIN of a formal denial of what they call their so-called cheat-
ing on examinations. In point of fact, the student unrest in Abidjan is only
one of the problems ~the country is experiencing after the accelerated develop-
ment it has undergone during the last 20 years.. The s~udent demands reflect
~he needs and aspirations of a social class that having acquired a standard
of living unknown elsewhere in Africa, would now like to have the same thing
in intellectual terms. Like the astute politician that he is, President
I(ouphouet-Boigny started to meet these needs. As proof: the organized, chan-
neled democratization within the single party at the end of 1980, at the
legislative elections. FRATERNITE-MATIN and the media as a whole, including
television, regularly reflect it. Not a week,not to claim a day, goes by
that the opportunity is not given to an academic, a cadre, a student, or a
union member, to criticize some political leader or other for his management
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or his conduct. A traveler returning to Abidjan after six months' absence
cannot help being surprised by the heat of the debate now going on in the coun-
try.
A veritable cultural revolution, desired, organized, and controlled by the
head of stste himself is being witnessed. And it is precisely the control and
the.impediments that the intellectuals and the students are eage~ to see gone.
But President Houphouet-Boigny, on his side, intends to act with caution, in
stages, and providing safety rails. Will he succeed in calming ~eople down
and implementing his democracy little by little? That is the basic issue.
The very future of the regir~e is at stake. Especially in these heated times,
with offices, factories, ~.nd plantations buzzing with persistent rumors about ~
the succession.
COPYRIGHT: Jeune Afrique GRUPJIA 1982
121 +9 ~
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fOR OFFIC'IAI_ USE ONI.Y
MOZAl~ IQUE
BRIEFS
GRAIN REQUIR~MENTS--Mozambique requires food supplies amounting to close to
180,000 tons of grain following a drought which has affected large areas of
the country. On 8 March, Minister of Home Trade Aranda da Si1va called a
meeting of representatives of the diplomatic corps and humanitarian interna-
tional agencies to inform them about the general situation created by a
particularly severe drought in the coastal regions of Cabo Delgado, Nampula
and Inhambane. The minister made it clear that aid to the stricken popula-
tion will be required for the entire year of 1982 and until the next harvest
is gathered in June-July 1983. He added that the international community will
also have to provide assistance in the form of shipments of grain and of a1-
most 18,000 tons of dry beans. The total number of people affected by the
drought is estimated to be around 1.8 million. [Text] [Paris MARCHES
TROPICAUX ET MIDITERRANEENS in French No 1897, 19 Mar 82 p 809] [COPYRIGHT;
Rene Moreux et Cie Paris 1982.] 8796
WATER PROJECT LOAN--The African Development Bank has ~ust granted a loan to
Mozambique for the equivalent of 3,772,000,000 CFA francs to finance part of
the Pequenos Limbombos Dam project. The project is intended to ensure a ra-
tional utilization of the meager water resources of the Umbeluzi River and
- pursues the double purpose of ineeting the future increasing need of water
supply for household and industrial consumption in the town of Maputo, and
of irrigating close to 15,000 hectares of land to boost the citrus crop and
several other food crops. [Text] [Paris MARCHES TROPICAUX ET MEDITERRANEENS
in French No 1897, 19 Mar 82 p 809] [COPYRIGHT: Rene Moreux et Cie Paris
1982.J 8796
CSO: 4719/754
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NIGER
BRIEFS
PRESIDENT VISITS DIFFA DEPARTMENT--On 26 February President Kountche got back
to Niamey at the end of a 6-day visit in Diffa Department near the Chadian
border. He was accompanied by several members of the Nigerien Government and
travelled over 1,000 lan on sometimes difficult tracks to visit the pastoral
Beri-Beri, Toubou, Arab, Tuareg and Peul peoples in that region which is 1,500
km from the capital. With the administrative and traditional tribal author-
ities the chief of state covered in detail the problems posed by the proximity
of the "zone of turbulence and insecruity" which Chad constitutes, on the one
hand, and by the threat to the department's population groups and considerable
livestock (cattle, goats, sheep and camels) harbored by the persistence of the
drought. He also inspected the public welfare infrastructure set up during the
last few years: community clinics and maternity hospitals, educational
establishments, roads, electrical power supply, fuel depots, wells and bore-
holes. President Kountche visited the military posts tasked with protecting
nomad shepherds against the forays of looters coming from Chad. In meeting
with the chiefs of the Toubou, Arab, Tuareg and Peul tribes as well as with
the Beri-Beri peoples who are in the majority in Diffa Department, the chief
of state asked them to "strengthen national unity" and.to "participate in
the maintenance of security" at the side of the armed forces and the police.
In all the administrative subdivisions, moreover, he supervised the establish-
ment of stockpiles of grain (millet, sorghum, wheat) and fodder for livestock
which will enable the population groups and the livestock to get through
the "gap" period (April to June) which looks like it will be difficult. In
fact, harvests and pasture areas have especially suffered from the drought in
this department. [Text] [Paris MARCHES TROPICAUX ET MEDITERRANEENS in French
130 1895, 5 Mar 82 p 684] [COPYRIGHT: Rene Moreux et Cie Paris 1982.] 9631
EDF RICE FARMING GRANT--The development of modern rice farming in Niger
(Namarde-Goungou Perimeter) is going to get a 6.8 million ECU [European
Currency Unit] European grant (EDF) [European Development Fund]. [Text]
[Paris MARCHES TROPICAUX ET MEDITERRANEENS in French No 1894, 26 Feb 82
p 618] [COPYRIGHT: Rene Moreux et Cie P3ris 1982.] 9631
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SENEGe~MB IA
BRIEFS
EXP~,NSION OF SAR INSTALLATIONS--Petroleum Products: Expansion Program of SAR
[African Refining Company] Installations: Senegal's Af rican Refining Company
~ has started carrying out its expansion program by equipping itself with a
1400-meter underwater pipe for discharging crude oil from oil tankers The
pipe will be able to discharge 80,000 cubic-meter tankers and will yield
savings of 1 billion CFA francs per year. SAR's objective is to bring its
refining capacity from 900,000 to 1,200,000 tons. [Text] [Paris MARCHES
TROPICAUX ET MEDITERRANEENS in French No 1895, 5 Mar 82 p 679] [COPYRIGHT:
Rene Moreux et Cie Paris 1982.] 9631
COTTON PRODUCTION--Cotton production forecasts were met this year with an
estimated harvest of 33,000 tons of seed cotton. Of particular note is that
yields reached a record level (1.2 tons/hectare), the highest recorded si~ce
the crop was introdLCed into Senegal in 1961. Thus, the objective of 1.1
- tons/hectare in 1984 was exceeded, which objective was set by the contract
schedule with the government binding on SODEFITEX (Textile Fibers Development
Company). Similar production performances were achieved by SODEFITEX with
respect to rice and corn. [Text] [Paris MARCHES TROPICAUX ET MEDITERRANEENS
in French No 1895, 5 Mar 82 p 679] [COPYRIGHT: Rene Moreux et Cie Paris
1982.] 9631
I~' STANDBY AGREE.~IVT--~he IMF gives its support to the economic Stabilization
Program: On 24 February the International Monetary Fund (IMF) announced the
conclusion of a standby agreement (or confirmation agreement) *aith Gambia
_ authorizing that country to buy the equivalent of 16.9 million SDR {Special
Drawiag Rights) during the next 12 months to support the economic and financial
program of the Gambian Government. It was pointed out that Gambia's IMF
quota is 13.5 million SDR and its financial obligations with respect to the
Fund currently amount to the equivalent of 14.9 million SDR. The government
program to which the recent agreement contributes the IMF's suppart aims to
stabilize the country's economic and~financial situation during the upcoming 12
months. It prov:i.des for a redirection of investment toward productive
�sectors, agriculture in particular. At the same time strict measures will
" be put into force in price, currency and tax matters in order to curb demand
for imported goods, to limit the balance of payments deficit to an acceptable
level, and to reduce foreign payments arrears. [TextJ [Paris MARCHES
TROPICAUX ET MEDITERRANEENS in French No 1895, 5 Mar 82 p 680] [COPYRIGHT:
Rene Moreux et Cie Paris 1982.] 9631
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TUNISIAN COOPERATION--It was learned in Dakar at the close of the third session
of the joint Senegalese-Tunisian cooperation commission on 16 February that
- the Tunisian prime minister, Mohamed Mzali, will be making an official visit
to Senegal at the beginning of April. The session was presided over by the
foreign affairs ministers of the two countries, Messrs Niasse (Senegal) and
Beji Caid es-Sebsi (Tunisia). The areas of industry and agriculture as well
as fishing, tourism and transportation occupy an important place in bilateral
relations. In the industry area, Senegalese and Tunisians will be meeting in
March to work jointly in a cooperation pregram. In air transportation the
national company Tunis Air will inaugurate it: first flight to Dakar on
31 March only a few days before Tunisian Prime Minister Mohamed Mazali's
- visit. The establishment of direct dial telephone connections between Dakar
and Tunis is also anticipated. The two countries reaffirmed their desire to
expand and strengthen their cooperation in all fields. That is why the joint
commission has been raised in status to a high-level joint commission which
- will hold its first meeting next year in Tunnis. [Text] [Paris MARCHES
TROPICAUX ET MEDITERRANEENS in French No 1894, 26 Feb 82 p 614] [COPYRIGHT:
Rene Moreux et Cie Paris 1982.] 9631
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