JPRS ID: 10475 USSR REPORT MATERIALS SCIENCE AND METALLURGY

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: JPRS
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP82-00850R000500050051-5
• Release Decision: RIF
• Original Classification: U
• Document Page Count: 14
• Document Creation Date: November 1, 2016
• Sequence Number: 51
• Content Type: REPORTS

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JPRS L/10475
22 April 1982
U SSR Re ort
p
MATERIALS SCIENCE AND METALLURGY
(FOUO 2/82)
Fg~$ FOREIGN BROADCAST INFORM~TION SERVICE
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JPRS L/10475
22 April i982
USSR REPORT
MATERIALS SCtENCE AND METALLURGY
~ouo 2/~s21
CONTENTS
FERROUS METALLURGY
Improving Iron and Steel Scrap Processing 1
STEELS
Advanced Methods of Producing Steel Ingots 7
- a- [III - USSR - 21G S&T FOUO]
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FERROUS METALLURGY
UDC: 621.745.435.44
IMPROVING IRON AND STEEL SCRAP PROCESSING
M~scow STAL' in Russian No 11, Nov 81 pp 6-8
[Article by G. S. Khomskiy, Soyuzvtorchermet All-Union Production Association:
"State and Prospects of Development of Scrap Metal Processing"],
['~ext] The importance of steel and iron scrap and waete in steelmaking is well
known. In 1980 64.8 million tons of scrap and waste were consumed in producing
148 million tons of steel, that is, approximately 44 percent of total steel was ob-
tained by remelring scrap. Forecasts indicate that this figure will steadily rise;
in ;:lectric fux:~ace steelmaking 95 percent of the entire charge consists of steel
and iron scrap and waste.
Further increase in steel production and improve~nent in quality of steel depend to
a significant degree on the quality of preparation of scrap metal for remelting.
Efficient preparation of scrap metal shortens by as much as 25 percent open-hearth
fsrnace cold charging time; the output of open-hearth furnaces increases.by 4-5 per-
= cent; a number of other indices also improve.
Ln the "Principal Directions cL Economic and Social Deve:lopment~of the USSR for
1981-1985 and the Feriod up to 1990" adopted at the 26th CPSU Congress, the country~
metallurgical workers were assigned the task of ensuring fuller.utilization and
high-quality preparation of iron and ~teel scrap. A program was drawn up for ac-
complishment of this task, specifying further improveme~lt of organization of
procurement (delivery) and proc~ssing of iron and steel scrap and waste, implementa-
~ tion of which will make it possible substantially to im~prove provision of inetallurgi-
cal enterpr.~ses with high-quality metal charge. ,
To ensure fuller utilization of existing scrap metal resources in the nation's
economy, plans call for stibstantially expanding by 1985 the network of shops and
sections of the Vtorchermet system, equipping them with modern scrap processinf;
equipment, and increasing processing volume to 35 million tons for the system as
a who.le.
~ This means increasing by 30 percent receiving and processing of scrap metal at
Vtorchermet enterprises in the llth Five-Year Plan; an increase of only 10 percent
was achieved in the preceding five-year ~lan (at metallurgical plants volume of
scrap and waste processing increased by 8.4 percent, but by only 6.2 per.cent at
metalworking plants).
1
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The relatively small increase in volume of processing at metalworking enterprises
is due to a number of ob~ective a.nd subjective factors, in particular the absence
oE centralized planning, insufficient material incentive for enterprises to process
scrap, as well as the difficulty of obtaining high-effic~ency scrap proce~ssing
equipment.
Assignment of a target to ministries and agencies pertaining to increasing the
processing of inetal scrap, co~unication to subordinate enterprises and organiza-
tions of steel and iron scrap and waste processing targets simultaneously with
delivery targets, construction, renovation and retooling of scrap processing shops
and sections should in coming years promote a sharp increase in. the quantity of
scrap metal delivere3 in processed (proper size) form.
An important role in this should be played by including all scrap supplier enter-
prises in the plan and report pertaining to commodity output and volume of sal.es,
at full value of scrap prepared for remelting, ~n conformity with the requirements .
of GOST 2787-75, "Metals, Ferrous, Secondary."
The necessity of furtlier increasing the volume of scrap processing dire.ctly at the
locations where it is generated is also connected with the fact that this reduces �
_ overall labor expenditures on scrap processing, and metallurgical w~rkers receive
higtier-quality scrap, since there is an appreciable reduction in mixing in scrap
differing in its physical and chemical parameters. In addition, coasiderable
savings in k?auling costs are achieved, since hauli.ng processed scrap metal costs
from 33 to 50 percent as much.
rletallurgical plants process both their own scrap metal and coamercial scrap suppli~