JPRS ID: 10385 SOUTH AND EAST ASIA REPORT
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CIA-RDP82-00850R000500040031-8
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JPRS L/ 10385
1 ~ March 1 S82 ~
~uth and E ast Asia Re ort
S ~ _
~ . cFOUO 1 is2~~
FBIS FORElGN BROADCAST INFORMATION SERVICE ~
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NOTE
JPRS publications contain information primarily from foreign
= newspapers, periodicals and books, but also from news agency
transmissions and broadcasts. Materials from foreign-language
sources are translated; those from English-language sources
are transcribed or reprinted, with the original phrasing and
other characteristics retained.
~ Headlines, editorial reports, and material enclosed in brackets
_ are supplied by JPRS. Processing indicators such as [Text]
or [ExcerptJ in the first line of each item, or following the
,f last line of a brief, indicate how the original information was
processed. Where no processing indicator is given, the infor-
mation was summarized or extracted.
Unfamiliar names rendered phonetically or transliterated are
enclosed in parentheses. Words or names preceded by a ques-
tion mark and enclosed in parentheses were not clear in the
original but have been supplied as appropriate in context.
' Other unattributed parenthetical notes within the body of an
item originate with the source. Times within items are as
given by source.
The contents of this publication in no way represent the poli-
cies, views or at.titudes of the U.S. Government.
- COPYRI(~iT LAWS AND REGULATIONS GOVERNING OWNERSHIP OF
MATERIALS REPRODUCED HEREIN REQUIRE THAT DISSEMINATION
OF 'THIS PUBLICATION BE RESTRICTLD FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY.
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JPRS L/10385
~ 15 March 1982
~ SaUTH AND EAST ASIA REPORT
C~ouo i/s2~
- ~ CONTENTS
INDIA ~ '
~ Briefs
Anti-Ship Weapona System 1
IIdDONESIA
Executione, Persecution Continue in East Timor
(Enrique Osorio; AFRIQUE-ASIE, 28 Sep 81) 2
UR Sisn�s Biggest Tr~ade Credit to Indonea+ia
~(Richard Gowper; FINANCIAL TII~S, 1 Feb 82) 5
RAMPUCAEA
Correapondent Visits Kampuchea; Lnterviews IENG SARY
. (SHURAN HOSER~, 13 Feb 82) 6
- a - [IiI - ASIA - 107 FOUO]
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INDIA
BRIEFS
ANTI-SHIP WEAPONS SYSTEM--India plans to purchase an anti-ehip heliborne weapons
system. At least two competing systems have been considered for this ~mportant
purchase. Aerospatiale (France) has proposed t'he Exocet-Super Puma of which it is
the sole producer. This system consists of the AS.332 heavy helicopter with a
loaded weight of 7.6 tons and a carrying capacity of 3.8 tons which includes two
Exocet AM 39 air-sea missiles (or four AS 15 TT light missiles with a range of 15
kilometers). The AM 39 missile weighs 658 kilograms, is 4.7 meters long with a
maximum range of from 50 to 70 kilometers depending on the launcher and the altitude.
- , This system has already been used in combat by Iraq to sink three Iranian warships.
. Matra (France) and OTO Melara (Italy) tlav~ submitt~d the Otomat-Sea King system
for which they are co-producers of the missile. This is the first presentation of
the air to sea version of the Otomat on which research began several years ago.
The sea to sea version of the Otomat has a range of from 100 to 160 kilo~^eters
depending on whether or not it is launched with an in-flight booster. Incita has �
already purchased the French Magic, Durandel,'etc. rocket launchers and missiles
_ and is presently negotiating the purchase of Mirage 2000 aircraft. [Text] [Paris
AIR ET COSMOS in French 20 Feb 82 p 45] [COPYRIGHT:- A. & C. 1982]
. 0: 4200/24
,
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INDONESIA
EXECUTIQNS, PERSECUTION CONTINUE IN EAST TIMOR
Paris AFRIQUE-ASIE in French No 249, 28 Sep 81 p 30
[Article by Enrique Osorio: "Sileat Death"] ~
[Text~ "Any government or organizR::ion which gives aid and
a~eit?tance to the government of Indonesia is guilty of
complicity in aggreasion. CunvereQly, any government or
any organization which gives aid ~:.3 assistance to East Timor,
the aggress~r's victim, i~t only carryiag out its inter-
..natioaal duty." ;(Permanent Tribuzial of the Peoples - June 198Y)
r..~
puco
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_ ~ ~ ~...!1'n~ .
~
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MBEN ~
up~ .
o.~,"'
~lun"'^
, ~
~ f.
, � ~:o
~ ~
~
. ~
Between one-sixth and one-third of the Maubere people
_ liquidated by the Indonesiana
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East Timor, located at tne end of the Sunda Archipelago, stretches over 19,000 sq
km. It has had as many as 700,000 iahabitants. It was a Portuguese colony for
3 cetituries .
After the Portuguese revolution af August 1975, a confused situation came about in
which FRETILIN, the people's movement of the Maubere nation, took control of the
country with weapons in hand. Oa 28 November 1975 the Democratic Republic of East
Timor was set up, providing itself with the instruments of government, but was not
recogaized by Portugal.
On 7 December the Indoneaian armed forces invaded the new state. The battles were
bloody and brought about the death of some 200,000 Timoriaas. In 1976 Indonesia
annexed East Timor, making it the 27th Indonesian province. Since then the fighting
has continued, and so has the attempt to annihilate the Maubere people, in silence.
Could it be that East Timor's Maubere people, a poor people among poor peoples, are
an accursed people, as legend has it? The fact remains that since December 1975
. the Indonesian military dictatorahip has 3een continuing the genocide of the
Timorian people with the same brutality it had brought to bear on ite own people,
' and amid nearly global indifference.
Starting on 6 December 1975 Indonesian troops disembarked at Dili, the capitaZ. And
the massacre began immediately. At ni.ne in the morning 27 civilians, most of them
women, were shot on the docks in the presence of a large crowd compelled to witness
the execution. In the af ternoon 59 men were again shot in the eame place. Then
- there were the Chinese, gunned dowa by the dozens.
Indonesians do not t$ke prisoners of war. They are all shot. According to the
International Red Cross, there has been a practice of exterminating entire
families of FRETILIN officials up to the third generation. Thus, in July 1979 seven
persons were executed: father, mother and five children related by marriage to
Lc~boto, the head of FRETILIN.
~
~ As for political prisaners, their fate is a terrible one in the 40 prisons in which
they undergo torture and are almost completely deprived of food.
This policy of terror, which is exacerbated by FRETILIN's strong resistance, is
accompanied by the systematic pillaging of the couatry. For example, nearly ,;Y1
' farm vehi~les and tractors have been seized and sent to Indonesia. Reaidential
districts are looted and then shelted. Entire villages are destroyed and their
populations massacred, moved out or chased into the mountains. About 200,000 to
300,000 people have been placed in this fashion under permanent aupervis,ion in
"resettlement areas."
As of 1976 the Indonesian Church estimated the number of deathe at 100,000, many
' from organized starvation. According t~ the Australian diplomat Jim Dun [se ~
published] the Indonesiana were said to have liquidated between a sixth and a
third of the Maubere population. This genocide is contiauing, benefiting on the
one hand from the complicity.of Weatern governmenta and on the other hand from the
lack of knowledge and indifference of ma~or currents of opinion. Who knowa any-
thing about the Maubere people? And how many people one talks to can even say
where East Timor is located? Silence hae been effectively maintained by nearly
all international media.
~ 3 ~
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American Military Aid
To be sure, the issue has been put before the United Nations. But starting with
the Dece,mber 1976 General Assembly the United States has been able to impose the
one point of view of the fascist Indonesian military.
Over and above this diplomatic support,the Indonesian invaders have had the benefit
of constant and sizable financial and military aid, comiag in the f irat instance
from the United States. For 1975 alone the Americans supplied 16 anti-guerrilla
aircraft, 45 tanlcs, aa~d 3 C-130 heavy transport aircraft for the Timor war. Be-
tween the beginning of the aggression and 1979 Washington supplied $250 million of
military aid. Then, while Portugal failed by abandoning the Timorians to their
executioners, other governments gave political or military aid to the Indonesians--
Australia, Great Britain, France, the Federal Republic of Germany, and Holland.
All supplied specialized m.ilitary equipment or assured D~akarta's leadere of their
support.
At the conclusion of an investigation, the Perfnanent Tribunal of the Peoples was
able to establish in June 1981 that the government of Indonesia has been guilty of
t~ar crimes and genocid~ and that the government of the Unit~d States has been
glitilty of complicity in aggression.
- However, if world opinion does not seize on the fate of the Maubere people, soon
there will not be anything more than a few slaves and mass ~raves left in East
Timor. ~
COPYRIGHT: 1981 Afrique-Asie .
9631 ~
CSO: 4200/2
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rvK vrr~~.RP?V uJ~ ulVLY
INDONESIA
UR SIGNS BIGGEST TRADE CRIDIT TO INDONESIA
PM011509 London FINANCIAL TIMES in English 1 Feb 82 p 26
[Dispatch by Richard Cowper: "UR Gives Indonesia 125M Pound Credit"]
[Excerpt] Jakarta--Lord Carrin$ton, the foreign secretary, signed Britain's
biggest ever trade credit ta Indone.sia at the weekend. ~
He is in Jakarta on the first leg of a two-week tour of countries belonging to
the Aseociation of South-East Asian Nations (ASEAN).
He also lent weight to a$ritish induatry bid to boost trade and investment with
ASEAN's largest and potentially richest nation.
- The credit agreement will provide up to $225 to help pay for a$lBn ~xpansion "
of Indonesia's oil refine.ry at Balikpapan in east Kalimantan. The British sub-
- sidiarq of the American=owned Bechtel group won the contract to construct a
- 200,000-barrels per-day ref inery expansion last year. following the successfui,
solution of a ma~or trade diapute between Brita3n and Indonesia over textile
quotas. ~ .
- Announcing the deal Lord Carrington said Britain had a sk3~ish in Indonesia in
1980 over textile imports, but that now relations between the two countries had
' never been better.
"More than 100 British firms will supplq a wide var~ety of goods for Bechtel
(Great Britain) the main contractors, I think this ie a str3king example of the
increasing competitiveness of British financial servicea and of Britiah manufac-
- turers," lie said.
- C4PYRIGHT: The Financial Timea Ltd, 1982 �
_ CSO: 4220/224
, .
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KAMI~UCHEA
CORRESPONDENT VISITS IQi1MP.UCHEA= INTERVIEWS IENG SARY
Tokyo ~SHUKAN HOSEKI in Japanese 13 Feb 82 [page ndt given]
Iinterview by Hideo DEN (Upper House Member) wi~th IIIJG S~RY, Deputy Premier of
Democratic Kampuchea Government, date and place not qiven]
ITe~~ Ever since the invasion of Phnom ~Penh by Vietnam Forces
in January, 1979, the "Govermment of Democratic Kampuchea"
has obstinately been countering Vietnam and its lackey regime ~
. by means of long-term guerrilla warfare. I held an interview ,
with IENG SARY, a leader, in the jungle.in ~Cambodia, where the
~ disasterous situation continues in the midst of the violent war
fires.
It was on January 16 that V~ietnamese troops occupying Cambodia invaded
Thai territory. Heavily equipped units of 300 men attemgted to.attack -
troops of Democratic Kampuchea which are dispersed in the border area. , .
Violent battles which began all of a sudden resulted in terrible
confusion in the border ar..ea. 300 villagers who were invol~ed in the war
fires became refugees, flowing into Thai territory. The Thai Government
Forces finally intervened to push the.Vietnamese forces back into Cambodian
territory. Battles finally calmed down on the 20th of this month.
T~ao days later, or on the 22nd, I headed from Bazigkok to the Cambodian
borde�r. by car. My purpose was to see the leader of the Government of
"Democratic Kampuchea" which commands guerrilla warfare against the
200,000-man Vietnamese Forces.
We drove for about four hours at 100 kilometers per hour to enter
Aranya Prathet, a town on the border. At the edge of the town, there
were trenches, and Thai soldiers were keeping an eye on the border with
their hands on heavy machine-guns. Trucks of the Thai Government Forces,
fully loaded with soldiers and materials, were busily rolling back and
forth. We were approaching the front where embers from the battle had
not burned out yet.
Our automobile which had been running down a flat, straight road,
which is particular to Thailand, suddenly enfiered a side-road. The desolate
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- plain was the scenery of the area. We drove down an unpaved rocky road for
a.while. There was a stream in.front of us.
~ It was a stream called Klang I,uk (TN: phonetic) which di.y~des Thailand
~riom Cambodia.
A man appeared immediately. He was LON NORIN (TN: phonetic) of
the F~reign Ministry of "Democratic Kampuchea." He visited Japan as the
head of a delegation from "Democratic Kampuchea," iast year.
"I have not seen you for a long time. Welcome to Kampuchea."
He stretched out his arms with a warm smile.
' There was a bridge made of woven bamboo stalks across the stream.
The bridge squeaked when we walked on it. We took a few steps to cross
the bridge. We were in Cambodian territory. Banana forests spread as
far as o~r eyes reached. There were several houses as if they were
trying to hide behind the big banana leaves. The pillars were made of
bamboo stalks, and the roofs were covered with thatch. Villagers whose
_ facial expressions were calm, as if they did not know about the war
going on, were watching us leisurely.
We passed the banana forests, and took a path into the jungle. The
tropical sunshine was piercingly hot, but it was cool in the shadows.
After we walked for a while, an open area which was made by clearing the
jungle appeared all of a sudden. There was a small hut with a thatched roof.
It .seems that this is the "guest house" of the Government of "Democratic
Kampuchea."
We waited for a while. Then, a man slowly appeared from the jungle.
His big physique w~3s wrapped in gray pants and a blue sweater. He wore
vinyl sandals. He is IENG SARY, the Vice Premier and Foreign Minister
of the Government of "Democratic Kampuchea."
"Oh, Mr. SARY! Are you alright?"
I run up to him on impulse. His big hands firmly grasped mine.
Fighting Spirit of Vietnamese Forces Declining
Lunch was ready at the place of our interview. IENG SAR:' served us
Cambodian dishes, which his soldiers brought in. While e~ting, we heard
guns roaring. It was said ttiat battles were continuing in a place
approximately 35 kilometers from this place on that day, too.
Our talks began, as we were having lunch.
k'ill you tell us the combat situation?
. 7
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"The Vietnamese Forces are deploying approximateYy three divj.sions in
the neighborhood of the Thai border. After January 16, they sent 300
men under cover of darkness into Thai territory in~an attempt to flank us,
front and back,and attack us. Their purpose was to occupy the area where
we are now. The enemy fired 130 millimeter-guns at this place. However,
because we fought back fiercely, the enemy has now retreated to Mt.
Phnom Malay (TN: phonetic) in the South.
Have the battles against the Vietnam Forces developed in your favor?
"Some areas are being occupied by Vietnamese troops. They are
successfully publicizing the fact in a big way to international society.
However, as a whole, we are enlarging the areas under our control."
Will you explain that to me a little more in detail?
"There was an offensive by Vietnamese~Forces in the North in
November, last year. As a result, we lost many villages. Howe.ver,
after December, we continued our counter-attack to liberate the occupied
villages. In the Kompong Eham District in the West, our troops re-
captured several important bases. Our continuous attack is harassing the
~7ietnamese Forces. They deployed a big unit near the Mekong River, but
were forced to move it. At present, we can operate freely.
"In the Kho Kong (TN: phoentic) District in the South, persistent �
attacks by our forces were too successful for the enemy to do anything.
The sixth and eighth Vietnamese Division~ stati~ned in the District exhausted
their strength as a result of our frequent attacks. Their combat power
is weakening." ~
_ How about Vietnamese Forces' fighting spirit?
"It is declining. Fcr example, their offensives used to be limited
only to the dry season. However, they could not take any action even .
during the dry season which began in October, last year. We have a
military advantage. The Vietnamese Forces deploy about 5,000 soldiers
along the border. Because they have been stationed in a foreign land
during the past three years, they are suffering from malaria~in the jungle
and their fighting spirit is declining."
A young man interpreted into English for me IENG SARY's answers in
- the Cambodian language. T'he Vice Premier continued talking quietly and
slowly. A bird was singing in an outstandingly beautiful voice in the
nearby forest. ~
Will Not Accept Proposals for Anti-Vietnam Uni~ed Front
Ever since sprin~, last year, there has been the upsurging motive
~o.r. ~o.r.r!inq An anti-Vietna~rt' [fia.tec~. F`ront, for which all domestic a.nti-
Vietnam forces will concentrate in order to counter the 20G,000 Vietnamese
troops who have been sitting in Cambodia since the invasion.
8
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Consequently, three factions of the anti-Vietnam group in Cambodia
(Democratic Kampuchea troop~ = former POL POT Regime, Khmer Serika (TN:
phonetic) = SONN SAN Faction, and the Khmer Isarak (TN: phonetic) _
SIHAN~UK Faction continued consultations as often as nine times in
Ban~kok, Thailand. Accordingly on November 24, last year, the following
were proposed:
(1) At the Coalition Government of Democratic Kampuchea, which is
to be established at this moment, each faction will maintain its own
character, and also will be able to publicize its own political platform
freely in connection with the 'r'uture of Kampuchea.
(2) The Coalition Government will strive to attain two major points,-
namely (a) the early withdrawal of the Vietnamese Forces and a political
settlement, and (b) the declaration of an international conference on ~
Cambodia which will enable the Kampuchean people to decide on the form of their
Government in accordance with free elections held by the UN.
Because the Proposal was drafted by the Foreign Minister of Singapore,
it is called the ~'Singaporean Proposal."
The SIHAIJOUK Faction and the SONN SAN Faction agreed to the'proposal
in principle, while only Democratic Kampuchea alone sought a grace period
of two months in order to look into the Proposal.
The deadline for a reply was only the next day. Would the "Anti-
Vietnam United Front" be formed successfully, or not? World attention
was drawn to "Democratic Kampuchea's" reply.
- When I held an interview with Prince SIHANOUK in Pyongyang, North
Korea in April, last year, the Prince said "I will take action in the
near ~uture in order to protect my homeland. If the three anti-Vietnam
factions rise, we will be able to expe? the Vietnamese Forces." The
statement was made immediately after the talks between the Prince and
~J Prime Minister KHIEU SAMPHAN of Democratic Kampuchea.
I started talking about it.
1 The deadline for replying to the Sin a orean Pro
g p posal is
tomorrow, but
"Ur.der the present circumstances, it is regrettable that our people
and our Forces cannot accept the Proposal. However, we greatly appreciate
the fact that various people in the ASEAN countries are~concerned about us."
IENG SARY's words were very frank.
Will you tell us why you da not accept the Proposal?
_ "Why do we not accept even such a loose coalition? If you went to the
front and gather opinions held by people who are fighting on the battle-
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field, you should be able to understand clearly why the Proposal is not
_ acceptable to us. Both the general measses and our soldiers, or all the
people who are combattin~ the Vietnamese invaders,share the opinion. I
intend to reply firmly to the sincere leaders of the P,SEAN countries. We
are trying to create a coalition government by disbanding the Khmer
Rouge (Cambodian Communist Party) for the survival of the people. As long
as time permits, we intemd to pursue that.
I think that the Foreign Minister of Singapore will understand that,
if we explain it to him."
Impermissible Suppression b Military Power
~ He made his posture clear to us before he makes an official reply
to the ASEAN proposal which was presented by Singapore as a representative.
On the night when the talks were held, I returned to Bangkok. At a
press conference thei^e, I announced the "reply." Local and Japanese news-
papers reported that "Democratic Kampuchea rejects Proposal." However,
this is wrong. IENG SARY's reply did not mean to reject the'Proposal.
It means that he will continue to strive to form a united front,
henceforth, too. '
The ASEAN countries quickly reacted to the "reply" which I 4'
brought. � On the 23rd, a Thai Government source announced right
away that Persons of the ASEAN countries in charge of the problem will
hold consultations."
What is important is the military situation inside Cambodia. The'
200,000-man Vietnamese Forces are forced to wage difficult combat. Also,
the Forces of Democratic Kampuchea are proud of ;-he reality that they are
the ones who actually combat the Vietnamese forces. I think that because
_ they are in a militarily favorable position, they are confident of
thinking that at this moment it is not necessary to accept the Singaporean
"'-~oposal� Incidentally, the strength of each group is as follows:
~~emocratic Kampuchea" 40,000-60,000 men, "Khmer Serika" 2,000-4,000 men,
and "Khmer Isarak" several hundred men. Thus, there is no room to
doubt that "Democratic Kampuchea" is overwhelmingly strong and is actually
undertaking anti-Vietnam struggles.
- In any case, we should not tolerate a foreign country sitting in a
neighboring country by means of military power, whatever reason there may
- be. The Soviet Union insists obstinately that the country has advanced ~
into Afghanistan in accordance with a request from the Afghanistan Govern-
ment. In the case of Cambodia, it is said that that is because the POL POT
Government acted cruelly. However, however rhetorically things may be
expressed, one cannot erase the fact of suppression of another country by
means of military power. In a village in the liberated districts of
"Democratic Kampuchea," I saw girls sharpening bamboo. They were to be
buried at the bottom of pits. The Cambodian people are continuing to
resist Vientam, just like the Liberation Front resisted the US Forces
during the Vietnam War. Vietnam is being tormented by~Cambodia in the
- same way as Vietnam once used to torment the US Forces. Is this not the
fate of the "invader?" F~
- COPYRIGHT: K~obunsha 1982
10
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