JPRS ID: 10285 NEAR EAST/NORTH AFRICA REPORT

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: JPRS
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP82-00850R000500020054-5
• Release Decision: RIF
• Original Classification: U
• Document Page Count: 45
• Document Creation Date: November 1, 2016
• Sequence Number: 54
• Content Type: REPORTS

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JPRS L/ 10285
27 Ja~nuary 1982
Near E~$t North Af rica Re~ort
r
~FOUO 4/82)
~ FB1~? FOREIGN BF~~'ADCAST INI~ORMATION SERVICE
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, JPRS L/10285
' 27 Januar.y 1982
_j
f
, NEAR EAST/NORTH AFRICA REPORT
~ (FOUO 4/82)
CONTENTS
t INTER-ARAB AFFAIRS
{
_ Broad Range of Tunisia, Kuwr~it Cooperation Noted
- (MARCHES TROPICAUX ET MI,DITF.RRANFENS, 18 Dec 81) 1
A.LGRRIA
I Mara Outlines Drought Emergency ~lan
-
(MARCHES TROPICAUX ET MEDITERRANEENS, 18 De: 81) 4
EGYPT
Defect~ of Regime's Economic, Social Foundations Reviewed
(Amir Iskandar; AL-WATAN AL~-'ARABI, 6-12 I3ov 81) 6
IRAQ
~ Recent P,aids on Iranian Oil CPnters 1liscussed
(AL-WATAN AL-'ARABI, 30 Oct-5 Nov f?1) 1'1
'AL-THAWRAH'General Manager Discusses Paper's Progress
~ (Hani Wahib Interview; AL-WATAN AL-'ARABI, 30 Oct-5 Nov !31) 13
~ ~ LIBYA ~
"J
~ Prospects of Cooperation With USSR Reviewed
~ (FOREIGN TRADE, Dec 81) 16
~ Effect o� Oil Production Drop on Economy Underlined
(AL-WATAN AL-'ARABI, 30 Oct-5 Nov 81) 21
' MOROCCO
' Results in Mining Exploration Field Published
(MARCHES TROPICAUX ,?T MEDITERRANF,F.NS, 18 Dec 81) 23
;
. - a [III - NE & A - 121 FOUO]
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SYRIA
Conflict Between Communist Party, Regime Analyzed
~ (AL-WATAN AL-'AR~'sB~, 27 Nov-3 Dec 81) 26
Communist Party Declaration Condemns Regime's Oppressive Measures
(AL-WATAN AL-'AR~?B1, 27 Nov-3 Dec 81) 34
= WESTERN SAHARA
Befector Says POLISARIO Has Lost Its Legitimacy
- (Sidahmed Larosi Interview; POUR~IUOI PAS?, 10 D2c 81) 37
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INTER-ARAB AFFAIRS
BROAD RANGE OF TUNISIA, KUWAIT COOPERAT.ION NOTED
Paris MARCHES TROPICAUX ET MEDITERRA.uEENS in Fr?nch No 1884, 13 Dec 81 pp 3357-3358
[Text] Improved exploitation of phosphates is on2 of the areas in which Tunisi.a
and Kuwait cooperate most closely, and as we have mentior_ed, their cooperation
extends into a broad range of areas (no*e in particular MTTi of 6 March 1981,
p 608; 3 April 1981, p 935; 7 August 198i, p 2043; and 6 November 1981, p 2812).
- Ear1.y last month, the president and general manager ef the Kuwaiti Petrochemical
Industries Company, Mr Abdelbaki Enn~uri, came to Tunisia accompanied by a
delegatic~n~to look at possibilities for cooperating in industrial investments.
- During his audience 4 November with President Bourguiba--also attemded by Mr
Abdelaziz Lasram, the Tunisian minister of national economic affairs, and Mr
Mondher Ben Abdallah, the president and general manager of the Gafsa Phosphates
Company--the most important project discussed cqncerned mining the ph~sFhate
_ deposit at Sra Ouertane, locat2d some 20 kilometer~ from the town of Kef.
_ The first phase of the pr~ject-~the economic studies which have reached an
advanced st3ge--wi?] consist of the establishment of a production u.zit that can
handle 700,000 tons per year and the installation of a washing plant to process
~ all the production, and the phosphate will be exported via the port of Goulette.
At that stage, the number of new jobs created will be 6,000.
The second phase will raise producticn up ~o around 2 million tons. By the
year 2000, claims Tunis Afriqae Pr~sse, a goveinment agency, there will be a
production capacity of 10 million marketable tons, with the creatior~ of a new
deep-water port at Cap-Negro, in the northwest, and the installation c.~f a rail
link. To grasp the importance of these figures, the press agency says, it ~!s
- enc~ugh to know that the Gafsa Phosphates Company's tc~al cuxrent production is
- scarcely more than 6.4 million tons.
Known reserves at the Sra Ouertane deposit are estimated at some 2 billion tons,
more than half of which can be mined in surface pits. While the ~,re does not
tiave a high percentage c,f ~hosphate, what is obtained can be enriched by a
Tunisian "flotation" technique (processing in the washing plant) to yield a
- good quality product (65 to 70 percent).
Geological surveys and enrichment research are important progra~s. Over the
next S years, an estimated 3 million dinars (in constant 1980 currency) ~vill
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be spent on them. These activities wili be carried out by th~~ Cafsa Phosphates
Cornpany, by subcontracting for the geological research and increasing the capa-
- bilities of the rFSearch center.
Let us also point out that the reonening of the Sra Ouertane mine had been
announced by Mr Mohamed Mzali during his visit to Kef in February. Already,
a joint Tunisian-Kuwaiti company has been establisi~ed, w~th 4 million dinars
in capital assets, to carry out the operations. Ttle Official Gazette of 6 No-
vember published a statutory order authorizing the Tunisian Government to sub-
scribe for 1 million dinars of the capital of ttie Tunisian-Kuwaiti Company
, To I'.esearch the Sra Ouertane Project.
Importance of Arab Investments
~11so, in a meeting which took p13ce on 5 November between the Kuwaiti __lega-
tion and ~ir Abdelaziz Lasram, variaus proposals for Tunisian-Kuwaiti cooperation
in the chemical fertilizer industries sector. The establishment of a company
to prodiice fertilizer composed partly of phosphoric acid produced in Tunisia
and ammonia produced in Kuwait was also examined. The Tunisian minister for
national economic affairs discussed with the Kuwaiti delegation the possibility
of expanding the activities of the Gabes fertili.zer company. Kuwait also agreed
to subscribe tc an increase in that company's capital.
Tn ar~ interview given to the Tunisian daily L'ACTION last October, Mr Ali Boukhris,
president and general manager of the Tunisian-Kuwaiti Development Bank (BTKD)
noted the importance the contribution made by the bank, only a few months after
its establishment, to the realization of new economic projects. After noting
that the board of directors of BTKD, which is capitalizec~ at 100 million dinars,
' first met in January 1981 and gave its approval for the tinancing of 12 projects,
requiring an investment on the order of 23 million dinars, Mr Boukhris said:
"At the present time, six industrial projects financed by BTKD are under way.
Among these, in the first instance, is Gafsa Chemical Industri-.s (ICG), costing
55 milli.on dinars. ICG will use phosphates to produce 400,000 tons of fertilizers
destined for export. BTY.D contributed 10 million dinars, or 20 percent of the
totai cost of the investment, toward the creation of these industries, which
~aill start producing in 1984."
Ttie problem of financing Tunisian projects ~y foreign capital was once again
discussEd in the house of dzputies, in its meeting of 27 November. The members
of parliament were considering a statutory order ratifying the convention pra-
viding for the Kuwaiti Petrochemical Company to own shares in the Gafsa Chemical
indiistries Company. One deputy asked why the Tunisian Government would allow
a for.eign partner ro own more of a joint venture than the Tunisian side.
In response, Mr Abdelaziz Lasram s~id that the important thing in ventures of
_ this kind was to be able to pursue the national effort in the field ~f heavy
industry, Fereign financing, he added, does not constitute a threat, especially
~ in cases like ICM of Gafsa, where Tunisians have full control of tha technical
' and commercial side of the enterprise. The minister o� national economic af-
- fairs also touched on the positive developments in Tunisian-Kuwaiti cooperation
in the field oF fertilizers, saying among other things that the two sides have
_ a~reed to a joint venture in Turkey and to establish a phosphoric acid ~,lant in
Kuwait.
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*ir rtarisour Moalla, tlie minister of planning and finance, also took the floor to
respond to the deputy's remarks. Moalla said that the favorable terms seme
Arab investors received on various ventures were designed ultimately to e:~courage
them to finance projects in Tunisia. The minister then explained the importance
th~t Arab-backed investr~ents will have in the financing of the 6th De~~elopment
_ Plan coverin~ 1982-86, saying ~that the latter called for some S billion dii~ars
in foreign participation, half of which should come from the Arab world.
"Cooperation with our Arab brothers goes beyond the scope of the 6th plan and
is, in fact, an integral part of Ara~ economic interdependence," Mr Moalla
- added, noting that Tunisia, in that regard, had already begun to establish
joint ventures in the fields of in~iustry, banking, service and agriculture.
The statutory order was finally adopted by unanimous vote.
COPYRIGHT: Rene Moreux et Cie Paris 198?.
y5i6
- CSO: 4519/77
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- ALGERIA
- MARA OUTLINES DROUGHT EMERGENCY PLAN
- Paris MARCHES TROPICAUX ET MEDITERRANEENS in French No 1884, 18 Dec 81 pp 3356-3357
[Text] In view of the gravity of the prolonged drought which has been ravaging
- Algeria, particularly in the western region and or.. the high plateaus, the Council
of Ministers in a meet~ng 12 December with President Chadli Bendjedid decreed
a set of ineasures in the form of a complete plan for action tc feed, water and
protect the health of the livestock, as well as safeguard agricultural produc-
- tion.
The emergency plan, about which we said a few words last week (MTM of 11 December,
p 3295) a.nd which was prepared by the appropriaCe agencies within MARA (Ministry
of Agricultura and Agrarian Revolution} and local organs, is designed to respond
rapidly to the disturbing situation, which is being most keenly felt in Che
sheep-raising sector, as close to 7 million head of breedable sheep are presently
undernourished.
The emergency plan, according to Algerie Presse Service, calls for the amassing
and distributing of large quantities of barley, straw, bran and feed, so as to
_ cover the essential needs of the livestock through the ..smmer of 1982. It also
- calls for a program of vaccination and veterinary care for the livestock.
The Algerian Government, to carry out this operation to save the livestock, has
decided to import (through MARA) 52,000 tons of barley each~month up to 31 May
19 82 .
If importation itself is not a particular problem, the situation is quite dif-
ferent with respect to transporting and distributing the quantities of barley
required to meet the emergency needs, particularly in the governorates where
the condition of the livestock is critical. To that end, MARA, in association
with several subordinate bodi~s and entities outside the agricultural sector,
has taker_ steps to organize the unloading of the imported goods at the eigi;t
principal ports of the country as well as further shipment by truck ~nd in somc
cases rail of these cereals to the livestock rai.sing regions.
Ttie ~.mdernourished livestock need some 2,OOQ tons of grain per day, which will
require daily deliveriec to be made by 2 fleet of 400 trucks adapted for grain
transport, for a period of S months starting in January.
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All the necessary steps have been taken, according to r1ARA for the livestock
producers to get provisioned through CAPS (Service Cooperatives), the exclusive
aoe~~t of OAIC (Interoccupational Algerian Grains Office), working with local
- autnorities in such a way as to accurate?y assess the needs of each producer.
Accordicig to MARA's estimates, the existing capabilities of the ministerial
denartmer.e make it impossible to provide a ration of more than 250 grams per
ile~lc~ t)t'_1 dSV. ~~1~~11S ration," WC' WeTE tOld~ ~~15 inten~ed above 311 t.0 assure the
survival of the livestoclc and saLeguarl the breeding stock which is a capital
asset worth an estimated 700 billion centimes, unkil conditions are more favor-
ab]_z. Tliis action will only ir~volve a sugpl~~mental expenditure of 26 billion
centimes for imports."
The move is ~f added importance because it protects rhe incomes of some 150,000
- livestock breeders; thus more than a million peopl.e earn their living solely
from sheen production.
A simil