JPRS ID: 9925 WORLDWIDE REPORT NARCOTICS AND DANGEROUS DRUGS

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: JPRS
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP82-00850R000400080037-9
• Release Decision: RIF
• Original Classification: U
• Document Page Count: 20
• Document Creation Date: November 1, 2016
• Sequence Number: 37
• Content Type: REPORTS

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JPRS L/ 10183
14 December 1 S81
East Euro e Re ort
p p
SCIENTIFIC AFFAIRS
c~ouo ~ 1 i8, ~
FBIS FOREIGN BROADCAST ~NFORMATION SERVICE
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NOTE
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~~RS L/10183
i4 December 1981
EAST EUROPE REPORT
$CIENTIFIC AFFAIRS
(FOUO 11/81)
CONTENTS
.
CZECfi0SL0 VAKIA . ~
Factors in Increased Automated Management System Reliability
(Frantisek Marek; INVESTICNA VYSTAVBA, Jun 81) . . . . . . . . 1
- a - [III - EE - 65 FOUO]
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CZECHOSLOVAK?A
FACTORS IN INCREASED AUTOMATED MANAGEMENT SYSTEM RELIABILITY
Prague INVESTICNA VYSTAVBA in Czech No 6, Jun 81 pp i;6-~~i
[Article by Eng Frantisek Marek: "Preconditions for Reliabilitv of Automated
Management System Hardware"]
[Text] At the end of 1980, the Federal Statistical Office publtshed data in the
specialized press on the status and utilization of data-proc~ssing equipment in
Czechoslovakia in 1979 which merit conslderation, for as of 1 January 1980 the
purchase value of basic data-processing equipment in the republic reached Kcs 18.77
billion, in addition to a value of Kcs 2.1 billion in buildings and construction wc;rk.
- Nonetheless, no fundamental changes had been achieved in time u~ilization of installed
data-processing equipment; for digital computers, for example, the figure was 91.1
percent in two-shift, 5-day operation, and of this, only 74 percent was productive
work. In addition to a number of important factors, particularly involving automated
management system (ASR) software, it is of particular importance in data-processing-
equipment utilization to improve the operating reliability of ASR hardware, for
' maintenance accounted for 8.6 percent and down time for 5.6 r,ercent of the total
use time of digital compucers in 1979.
It is understandable that a critical role in the improvement of technical standards
and operating reliability of ASR hardware must be played by the producer, by both
provision of modern, reliable components, and assurance of the technical and softwaYe
~ relaibility of computer and controllsystems, incl~idinb design of their operating
_ systems, memory protection, data protection during collection and transmissioz, and
the like. The new technology for producing logical circuits itself considerably
- increases the reliability of data-processing equipment, especially since it has
eliminated the numerous electrical connections required in the past. Another
- important influence is the quality of applications software (restarts with check-
points, emergenc}~ control of the program or process during a computer breakdown, data
protection in data bases and the like), as well as regular servicing of the hardware
and the organization of comnreher.sive maintenance, not to mention z sufficient
supply or" spare par;:s and assembliea.
Nonetheless, creating the preconditions for maximum operating reliability of ASR
software must become an inseparable part of the preparation and design documentation
for consti~~iction projects. This especially involves the area of process control
1
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(where cl:issical methods of control and regu.l_ation are increasingly being replaced
by microp~-ocessors), but also applies to aviation, nuclear engineering and medi;,ine,
where the automated management system is a factor which is increasingly affecting
the technical and economic parameters of construction pro~ects and ~quipment.
The critical measures which should be carried out following evaluation of their
economic effect, especially in the case of capital construction, can be classified
in the following categories:
--hardware configuration;
--power supply;
--climate control;
--facilities for maintenance.
Hardware Configuration
One important factor in this area is optimization of the number of components and
the level of capabilities of the equipment. As regards the uomputers themselves,
essentially an~ithetical tendencies are emerging in the design of enterprise auto-
mated management systems (ASRP) and design of the lower levels, i.e., automated
control systems for productior. procedures (ASRVP) and for manufacturing processes
(ASRTP). While at the ASRP level extremely powerful computer facilities are
installed, in accordance with the size of the enterprise, with immense external
disk storage capacity for the creation of enterprise-wide data bases, in terms of
reliability it is much ~ore advantageous at the ASRTP level to divide the con-
trolled process into smaller sections which are controlled by stand-alone mini-
computers or microcomputers.
In designing ASR's, it is also beneficial to devote attention to the selection and
integration of suitable sensors and measuring devices so as to achieve a maximum
quantity of important information with a minimum number of installed sensors and
interfaces, which are the most common source of breakdowns in operation. The same
applies in planning and the number and location of terminals. To assure operating
reliability of terminals and associated systems, where both the human factor (in
this case generally the regular personnel of the workplace where the tQrminal is
installed) and the economic consideration of expenditures on the purchase and
operation of terminals and their control units and communication lines play important
roles, it is necessary to keep the number of terminals from being uneconomi~ally
, large, but also to install them only in certain control centers to which data flows
from oth~er associated work stations.
An important factor which may help improve the reliability of ASR hardware is that
of limiting the selPction, along c~+.th a certain degree of standardization of
computers and their peripheral equipment and terminals; in practice, this is taken
care of for the immediate future by the use of the Unified System of Electronic
Computers (JSEP) and the Unified ~sstem of Minicomputers (SMEP). Of course, there
is an economicaliy based optimum here as well. The selection of suitable computer
or hardware i~~:as for data collection and transmission requires that they be suited
- to the tasks which they are required to Ferform within the ASR at the level and
location in question.
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Qf the greatest importance in terms of operating reliability is ttie design of i~ackup
provisiuns or replaceability of subsystems, central processors, transmission p