JPRS ID: 9817 SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA REPORT

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: JPRS
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP82-00850R000400020056-4
• Release Decision: RIF
• Original Classification: U
• Document Page Count: 32
• Document Creation Date: November 1, 2016
• Sequence Number: 56
• Content Type: REPORTS

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JPRS L/9817
29 Jun9 1981
Sub-S~haran Africa Re ort
p
FOUO No. 728
FB'S ~OREIGN BROADCAST INFORMATION SERVICE
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JPRS L/9817
� 2 9 June 1.9 81
SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA REPORT
FOUO No. 728
CONTENTS
INTER-AFRICAN AFFAIRS
OAU Secretary General States Views on Nairobi Summit
(Edem Kodjo Interview; JEUNE AFRIQUE, 10 Jun 81) 1
Briefs
Ivory Coast, Mali Presidents Meet 6
Closer Algerian-Senegalese Relations 6
ANGOLA
Details of Economic Relations, Trade Exchanges With France
(MARCHES TROPICAUX ET MEDITERRANEENS, 29 May 81) 7
Questions, Answers on Poesible Cooperation With EEC
(MARCIiES TROPICAUX ET MEDIT"EZRANEENS, 5 Jun 81) 8
CENTRAL AFRICAN REPUBLIC
tJrgent Need for Inveatments Stressed
(MARCHES TROPICAUX ET MEDITERRANEENS, 29 May 81) 10
~ COMORO ISLANDS
Civil Air Agreesnent With France Detailed
(MARCHES TROPICAUX ET MEDITERRANEENS, 29 May 81) 11
Briefs
Islamic Bank Loan 12
GABON
Moderate Expansion Forecast for 1981 Economy ,
(MARCHES TROPICAUX ET MEDITERRANEENS, 29 May 81) 13
- a- [III - NE & A- 120 FOUO]
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~ GHANA
Briefs
FRG Aid To-Date 16
Decreaeed Cuetosae, Exciae Receipts 16
IVORY COAST
Trade With, Assistance From Great Britain Anal~?zed
(MARCHES TROPICAUX ET MEDITERRANEENS, 22 May 81) 17
~ Briefs
J French lgricultural Loan 19
Spanish Electrification Loan 19
Largest MulCibank Loan 19
MA~AGASCAR
~ Life in Country's Prisons Described
(Francoia Soudan; JEUNE AFRIQUE, 2 Jun 81) 20
Palm Oil Refinery at Toamasina To Opan 'By End of Year'
(MARCHES TRC~PICAUX ET MEAITERRANEENS, 29 May 81) 22
- MALAWI
Sriefs
Presa Holdings Industrial Projects 23
' MOZAMBIQUE
Briefs
Niassa Province Development 24
- Maputo-Sofia-Berlin Air Link 24
~ Portugueae Reilroad As~istance 24
SENEGAL
Briefs
More Details on PETKOSEI~ 25
Det~.ila on Export Promo~ion 25
Niebe, Peanut Marketin~ ~ampaigns ~6
~ TANZANIA
Brie~a
C?oser Relations With Indoneai~ 27
ZAIRE
Briefa
Coffee Production, Exports 28
Public Investnient Program 28
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INTER-AFRICAN AFFAIRS
~
OAU SECRETARY GENERAL STATES VIEWS ON NAIROBI SUMNIIT
Paris JEUNE AFRIQUE in French 10 Jun 81 pp 24-27
[Interview by JEUNE AFRIQUE with Edem Kod3o in Paris, middle of May 1981]
[Excerpt] [Question] What is your opinion of the seizures and bans slapped on
- African newspapers?
[Answer] I am all in favor of maximum press guarantees in Af rica. Moreover,
the right to information is listed in the African Charter of Human Rights that
I hope will be adopted in Nairobi. Having said that, you cannot keep the govern-
~ ments from taking over the papers.
[Question] Couldn't the OAU help guarantee freedom of the press in Africa?
[Answer] We could almost certainly do something if we were asked and especially
if the Charter is adopted.
[Question] What?
[Answer] We could intervene courteously, to be sure, but eff ectively with gov-
ernments guilty of takeovers and point out to them that it does no ~ood to rage
against certain newspapers, especially sirice the papers so affected are still
_ read.
[Question] What most paralyzes the OAU: ideological splits, national egotisms,
= or irregular payment of fees?
[Answer] All three elements figure prominently. Ideologically barriers have
- to be overcome because their e:~istence is a serious cause for separate blocs
except in the case of decolonization issues. National egotisms also act as a
break. For instance I might cite the energy problem: Africa produces five times
as much oil as it consumes. But that does not keep some African countries fron
= getting their supplies from Rotterdam. The energy problem should have been
resolutely simple to resolve. But we have not been able to reach any agreement.
~ Finally, there is the alarming problem of the financial contributions. Just
imagine, this year the cumulative total of arrears comes to $25 million for a
yearly budget of about 20 million! ~
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[Question] What will be th~ most important agenda item at the Nair~,bi summit?
Namibia?
[AnawerJ Undoubtedly the heads of state will be called on to take an unambigu-
ous position on the iVamibian issue. Actually we have given the Western Conta~t
Group (Canada, France, Great Britain, FRG, United States) enough time. The Aru-
sha plan is sure to be adopted. It provides diplomatic and military measures
that should enable SWAPO to intensify its armed struggle and so bring Pretoria
to a settlement.
[Question] The United States supposedly ia propos3.ng a plan simil~r to the one
that resulted in independence for Zimbabwe...
[Answer] An; plan not aiming at independence for Namibia is doomed to failure.
The West's best 'nterests are not to link up with the South Africans but with
the nationalists. Mugabe's case in Zimb~'~we proves that.
[Question] Do you think that Nu~oma will be a kind of Mugabe for Namibia in the
future?
[Answer] I am convinced that Sam Nu~oma is no fanatic co~nnunist. The time for
sidestepping the issues is past. Namibia must be given its independence,
unconditionally.
(Question] African positions on Namibia are unanimous, but not so on the Sahara.
[Answer] A report has been drawn up. It will be debated at Nairobi.
[Question] Meantime each camp is gearing up fnr battle.
[Answer] That is true. Still, it seems to me that there is one point on which
all are agreed: the notion of a referendum. Mining that notion could lead to a
solution.
[Question] Hasn't the notion of admitting the Saharan Democratic Arab Republic
into the OAU edged out the notion of a referendum?
[Answer] Any admittance would not put an end to the war, nor would it keep the
issue from remaining intact.
[Question] Dues the SDAR meet OAU criteria for an in3ependent state?
[Answer] I'm not the one to make a statement on that point. That is for the
heads of state to determine.
[Question] On this point, aren't the member states mostly hostage to two or
~three states with a lot of pull that they are more or less forced to follow?
_ [Answer] I don't think the problem breaks down that way. Some governm.ents are
quite sensitive about this point. And, take it from me, they have thought long
- and hard before taking the position they have.
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[QuestionJ Why does the OAU overlook the Eritrean issue eventhough it is every
bit as hot as that of the Sahara?
[Answer] Quite simply because the OAU has had the Sahara issue brought before
it. Not so with Eritrea. The secretary general considers Eritrea a non-issue.
African citizens can pose the issue, correspondents are free to discuss it, but
the OAU disregards the issue.
[Question] On the Sahara, are you Morocco'�s or Algeria's man?
~Answ~r] I've alternately been considered the agent of both. At the 1979
NIonrovia summit I was looked upon as Algeria's man for the simple reason that I
had asked for and gotten application of article 33 of OAU by-laws. That
strengthened Algeria's positions. On the other hand, at the Freetown sum~it,
and despite Algerian pressures, I refused to'deciare the Saharan Republic a
member of the OAU, so they treated me like 2, tool of the Moroccans.
[Question] Soene have accused you of being in the service of Libya.
[Answer] On the Chad issue it is true I was sometimes called an agent of the
Libyans. If we keep this up I am going to be everybody's man. That's like say-
ing I'm nobody's man. The truth of the matter is that the secretary ge~ieral can-
not be forgiven for being independent. There are some who want the secretary
general to be a puppet...
_ [Ques;.ion] 7n some countries you are seen 3s France's man...
(Answer] (With a smile) Now that really gives me a heartburn.
[Question] That was the rumor when you were elE~te~ in Khartoum in 1978.
[Answer] That stupid rumor was circulated on purpose. The reason was that peo-
ple read more th.~n warranted into the relations of colleague to colleague batween
Ciscard d'Estaing and myself when we were ministers of finance. I've got both
leftist and rightist French friends. In Francois Mitterrand's administration,
_ Catherine Lalumi~re ~~as my lecturer at Rennes, Michel Rocard was my lecturer at
the National School of Administration (ENA) as well as Nicole Questiaux. I have
good relations with Claude Cheysson. Does that then make me the French
Socialists' man?
[Question] What do you think about Qadhdhafi's role in Chad?
[Answer] Colonel Qadhdhaf.i recently showed himself quite cooperative. He in-
formed us that he wo~sld agree ta pull his troops out of Chad provided they were
replac2d by Chadian troops. The hitch is that the OAU is advocating a neutral
African force. ~
~ [Question] Has Qadhdhafi given up his idea of a merger with Chad?
- [Answer] It is my opinion that the merger is now past history. The problem at
the moment is getting a stable government in Nd~amena.
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- [Question] It cannot be said that the OAi1 acted up front in the Chadian crisis.
[Answer] All the same the OAU was behind dispatching a small African Force.
- True, the operation �ailed for lack of supervision. Still the Congolese troops
deserve credit for being in Chad under really trying circumstances.
[QuesCion] But once the Congolese troops were withdrawn the OAU did nothing of
any consequence.
[Answer] I grant you that afterwards nothing was really attempted. The reason
was thp OAU's lack of experience in handling military cooperation. But that
does not mean that what could not ~e done yesterday may not be possible tomorrow.
Once tempers cool dawn in Chad, anything is possible. If we come up with a coun-
try or an organization willing to fi.nance the operation while keeping hands off,
it would be perfect.
[Question] All the same, you seem to have desired UN peace-keeping forces to
intervene.
[Answer] We did ask the UN to intervene. But we hoped i~ would select African
_ countries to send troops to Chad. I might mention that idea i~as not been given
up. But it would be an exceptional step requiring the prior consent of Chad.
But such does not all seem to be President Goukouni's view. ~ie appears to give
priority to setting up an integrated Ghadian armed force.
[Question] What has become of the plan to set up an OAU security council?
- [Answer] I personally have never talked of anything except a"cri4is structure,"
others have mentioned a"security council." The plan will be submitted to the
- summit in Nairobi. The fact is a gap in the OAU has to be filled. When there
is a crisis no one knows who tu turn to or what mechonisms to activate.
[Question] Will Mitterrand's accession help resolve the Chadian issue?
[Answer] Perhaps...
[Question] Doesn't Libya`s intervention in Chad risk stirring up distru;?t and
even conflicts between Arabs and Africans?
[Answer] I don't think so. Sure, there are problems between Libya and some
- countries south of the Sahara. But tha~ does not make for an all-out conflict
between Arabs and Africans.
[Qiiestion] What's the status of Arab-African cooperation?
[Answer] At the March 1977 meeting in Cairo, Africans, especially the paorest,
hoped to get financial aid. When it is sometimes said that Arab-African co-
operation has broken down that simply means that multilateral economic coopera-
tion is not making the hoped for progress. In fact, even invisible transfers
of funds are still really existing f unds. Just ask the BADEA [Arab Bank for
African Economic Development] and other Arab organizations and you will dis-
cover that Arab aid to Africa reaches quite sizable f3gures. About $5 billion
for BADEA alone.
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[Question] Do you think some OAU member countries have taken definite steps
to advance the Lagos plan decided on in March 1980 at the first economic
suimni t ?
[Answer] It ahould be stated that auch a plan cannot be implemented overniglit.
But considering the precarious economic plight of some African countries, par-
ticularly after the second oil shock, we should make an effort to respond to the
Lagos appeal. This provides an opportunity to thank President Felix Houphouet-
Boigny of Ivory Coas*, whose actlon is not always understood, es~ecially on the
sub~ect of cocoa prices.
[Question] On the sub~ect of cocoa prices, President Houphouet-Boigny appears
isolated both among African countries themselves and among industrialized coun-
tries.
[Answerj I'm sorry to say you are right. All African countries should move in
the direction indicated by President Houphouet-Boigny. In that respect, only
resoluteness pays off. I am also persuaded that only the Lagos action plan
will enable us to develop.
~ [Question] Let's get back to Mitterrand. Is his election a good thing for
- Afric~'s development?
[Answer] Why not have asked me ~he same queation fo~lowing Reagan's election
_ in the United States? Following the Soviet Communist Party Congress that kept
Brezhnev in office?
- [Question] Because we didn`t have the chance. Now, what are your views of
Mitterrand?
[Answer] Ju~iging by th~ initial statEments of his team and French Socialist
Party intentions, i*_ is evident that there wi"11 be a fresh approach to Africa's
prablems, especially in regard to fu11 liberation of the continent. France's
veto in the UN on southern Africa will no longer be a foregone conclusion.
And that is significant! As for intern~tional cooperation, we note with delight
that the French leaders are at last deciding to contribute 0.7 percent of their
' country's GDP as aid to the Third World.
[Question] Certainl}~ their positi~n on human rights bothers some African leaders.
[AnswerJ Censidering the personalities of the new administration, such as
Claude Cheysson, Michel Rocard, Jean-Pierre Chevenement, Jean-Pierre Cot and
others, not leaving out President Mitterrand,it can be supposed that that topic
will not become a matter of balancing the books.
COPN,YGIHT~ Jeune Afrique Grupj~a 1~81
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INTER-AFRICAN AFFAIRS
~ _
BRIEFS
IVORY COAST, MALI PRESIDENTS MEET--On 19-20 May, Gen Mouasa Traore, Malian r_hief
of state, paid a"visit of work and friendship'r lasting a little over 24 hours to
~ Yamoussoukro, the native village of President Felix Aouphouet-Boigny. The visit,
the second made by the Malian president to the Ivory Coast since 1969, enabled the
two ~hiefs of state to "review African problems and relations between the two coun-
tries as completely as possible." In the field of bilateral relations, the presi-
dents discussed zhe problem of roads between the two nations. Mali is a landlocked
_ country making Abid~an the second Malian port after Dakar. The Ivory Coast is
Mali's main trading partner and th~ poor condition of roads between the two coun-
tries is considered by Bamako to be an obstacle to any growth in trade between
them. Some ^.00 kilometers of road west of the common ~order still have to be paved
in order to complete Che surfacing of the Bamako-Abi.d~an highway and about that
amount must be completed east of the border to link ~h~ cities of Korhogo (Ivory
Coast) and Sikasso (Mali). Concerning regional cooperation, Mali argued for member-
ship in the West Af ric~n Monetary Union (UMOA), "since that pro~ect is already
we11 underway and there should be no further obstacles to it." The two chiefs of
state also took up problems linked to the West African Econamic Community (CEAO),
the Eco*?omic Community of Weet African States (ECOWAS), and the group of r.ations
- on the Niger River~ With respect to the Western Sahara, Mali, which rECOgnized
the POLISARIO Front at the last s~monit conference of the Organization of African
Unity (OAU) in Freetown in June, explained its pc~sition to fvorian authorities, who
_ "understood it very well." President Traore's visit follows similar visits made
~ by [the president of Senegal] and Seyni Rountche of Niger. [Text] [Paris MARCHES
TROPICAUX ET MEDITERRANEENS in French 29 Ma.y 81 p 1477] 11,464
CLOSER ALGEftIAIV-SENEGALESE RELA~IONS--8enegal~`s position cn the problem of the Western
- Sahara has not changed, according to an annauncement made by Senegalese Minister of
Information D~ibo Ka, following a visit to Senegal by A~gerian Ministier of Foreign
Affairs Mohamed Seddik Benyahiao In his communication, the Senegalese president
= indicated that the Algerian minister's visit had taken place "in an atmosphere. of
great understanding marking A~lgeria and Senegal's canmon will to develop bilateral
cooperation even further." The Senegalese minister of information stated that
- Algeria and Senegal have decided to step up Cheir economic, cultura]. and political
c:ooperation (rarticularly with respect to organizatfons of nonaligned coun~ries,
southern Africs and the Islamic Ccnference). Furthermare, an Algerian parliamen-
tsry delegation headed by abd al-'Aziz Muhammed, chairman of ~he Agricultural Cam-
, mission, arrived in Dakar on 21 May ror an official 6-day visit to Senegal. The
vi5it, which foZlowa that o� Algerian Minister of Foreign Affairs Mohamed Benyahia,
ma~kb the an improvement in Senegaleae-Algerian relati.ons, which had deteriorated
'~ecause of the conflict in the Western Sahara. On the Saharan question, each coun-
try stan3s firm on its position, with Algeria continuing to support the Saharan
Democratic Arab Republic (SDAR) and s~ipporting its admission to the OAU, contrary
to Senegal's policy. The Algerian ~:elegation will be received during its visit by
Abdou Diouf, pres~.dent of the P.epublic of Senegal, and Amadou Cisse ~ia, president
- of the National Assemblya It will also visit several development rro~ects. [Text]
~ [Paria MARCHES TROpICAUR ET MEDITERRANEENS in French 29 May 81 p 1474] 11,464
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ANGOLA
DETAILS OF ECONOMIC RELATIONS, TRADE EXCEiANGES WITH FRANCE
Paris MARCHES TROPICAUR ET MEDITERRANEENS in French 29 May 81 p 1499
[Text] Economic relations between France and Angola are clearly making progress, as
demonstrated by several operations taking place in Luanda in recent days.
Titan, Inc. opened a trailer assembly plant in mid May, the first phase of an invest-
ment program totaling over 50 million francs and providing for the construction near
the capital of three productian units emploqing 600 persons.
For its part, ELF-Aquitaine [Gasoline and Lubricants Company of France] has just
- campleted the first exploratory drilling off the northern coast of the country.
In September, Total will begin to explore for oil in an offshnre sector allocated
to it further south.
Finally, a consortium headed by Creusot-Loire should soon sign a contract for
over 150 million francs for the construction of a textile plant in Luanda.
Commercial trade between France and Angola, still modest, has nevertheless made
clear progress in recent years, reaching nearly 400 million French francs in 1980,
triple the 1978 total. These a~e essentially French exports of food products and
equipment to Angola.
The growth snould continue in 1981, especially since contracts totaling some
1 billion francs were signed last year between Angola and French companies.
Among the other firms active in the country are Renault and Renault Industrial
- Vehicles (RVI) (sale and assembly of vehicles), Dumez-UIE [expanaion unknown]
(construction of an oil terminal in the north), SNIAS [National Aerospace Industry
Company] (helicopters), Alsthrnn an~ Bouygues Offshore.
Technical cooperation between France and Angola is also fully developing with a
certain n~ber of pro~ects underway in oil, mechanics, coffee and fishing. For
its part, the French Electric [Power) Campany (EDF) should be involved in the
~ establishment of an institute of electricity near Luanda.
COPY RIGHT: Rene Moreux et Cie., Paris, 1981
11,464
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ANGOLA
QUESTION~, ANSWERS ON POSSIBLE COOPERATION WI~A EEC
Paris MARCHES TROPICAUX ET MEDITERRANEENS in French 5 Jun 81 p 1553
[Text] In a written question to the EEC, Mrs Lizin, a European parliamentarian,
had noted that Mr Marongiu, an EEC official, had visited Luanda from 29 September
to 1 October 198Q and had met with ministers inCerested in Angola's cooperation
with the EEC. Mra Lizin was asking about the results of thoe~e meetings, whether
tae Courmission had taken them under advisement and how. Moreover; she was asking
the following questions:
1. Was any progress made in the multinational pro~ect of the Benguela railroad
~ as to the participation of the EEC? 2. Ie it true that Angola had, on th~.s accasion,
reiterated its interest in a bilateral agreement with the EEC? 3. Does the Commis-
sion envisage ~o accept this position or wi11 :~t, on the contrary, simply answer
that an agreement of this type cannot be signed and that the only solution lies
in the Lome�Convention? Why? 4. Does the Commission no~` believe that a positive
reply to the wish for bilateral progress would encourage Angola during this serious
period of conflictg with South Africa in its southern border, witti~ut excluding
an agreement based on the Lome Convention when this difficult phase is over?
The EEC replied to these questions on 19 May 1981 as follows:
1. At the time of Angalan independenct in 1975, the Commnission disclosed its
willingness to initiate and develop humanitarian and cooperation relations with
this country, the onlx black African independent state, together with Mozambique,
that does not bel.ong to the Lome Convention. Numerous contacts and meetings have
thus been held in Luanda and Brussels with high Angolan officials, including the
meeting of a Commission member with President Agostinho Neto in Luanda. Angola
(as well as Mozambique) participated in the negotiations to renew the Lome Con-
vention as an observer. This p art~.cipation has not been followed by a request to
adhere to the Lome Convention.
Therefore, cooperation with the Feople's Republic of Angola has necessarily been
carried out outside the Lome Convention. Cooperation has extended to the following
fields: a food assistance program since 1976, a program to help refugees, the
financing of a fisheries project in Mocamedes, and the participation of the EEC
in the co-financing of the first phase of the "revitalization of the Benguela
- rail.road," a regional project concerning Angola, Zaire and Zambia.
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Moreover, an ambassador residing in Brussels is accreditzd to the EEC countries.
_ 2. to 4. On a number of occasions, certain Angolan officials hypothetic~lly
discussed the eventuality of a bilateral agreement with the EEC; however, no such
official request has been presented tio the Commission. The competent commissioner
has repeatedly affirmed that the EEC cauld not but refuse to consider such an
- agreement. This would be counter to black Africa's will to maintain a united
front vis-a-vis the outside world and would risk introducing among the present
EEC partners a number of differences, indeed of discriminations, the political
- impact of which can be easily imagined.
~ COPYRIGHT: Rene Moreux et Cie Paris 1981.
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CENTRAL AFRICAN REPUBLIC
URGENT NEED FOR INVESTMENTS STRESSED �
Paris MARCHES TROPICAUX ET MEDITERRANEENS in French 29 May 81 p 1490
[Text] At ~he 36th session of the General Assembly, the General Secretariat of the
United Nations distributed a document dated 30 April 1981 concerning special assis-
~ tance "aimed at the rehabilitation and development" of the Central African Republic.
- Based on an analysis of the country's difficult situation and pro~ects that might
help correct it, the document takes up the conclusions of the interorganizational
mission s~nt to the Central African Republic from 26 January to 3 February, led
by Abdulrahim A. Farah, deputy secretary general of the United Nations and coor- .
dinator of special econanic assistance programs (see MARCHES TRUPICAUX, 13 February
- 1981, p 379).
These conclusions note that "the country's financial situation is sexiously off
- balance": a"very large" budget deficit, a substantial public debt and a"large
deficit" in the balance of payments. "At the same time," the report adds, "prac-
tica?.ly all sectors of the econamy have an urgent need of investments."
In order to help the government meet the financial crisis, the mission "recommends
the following types of assistance: 1) budgetary assistance, in currency or ir.
kind; 2) exemption from payment of counterpart expenses in the case of pro3ects
receiving outside aid; 3) total or partial financing of operating expenditures
for an initial period following completion of the pro~ects; 4) the supplying of
assistance for pro~ects in the form of gifts; 5) the granting of a moratorium
on the public debt; 6) food assistance; and 7) assistance in kind in order to
- reduce the need for imports of other essential articles such as tools, equipment
and spare parts...."
At the same time, the mission singled out a certain number o= proj ects to be com-
pleted in order to meet urgent needs and get the economy on its feet. These are
pro~ects concerning rural development, transFort, mining, industry} education,
health and social affairs. Aid earmarked for immediate humanitarian needs is put
at $11 million and that for economic rehabilitation at $51 million (60 percent for
rural development). Aid for medium- and long-term development is put at $86 mil-

i lion. The goverrnnent believes that if the aid is granted, it will need "from
S to 7 years of sustained and well-planned efforts to get the economy back to the
1970 level."
COPYRIGHT: Rene Moreux et Cie., Paris 1981
11,464
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COMORO ISLANDS
CIVIL AIR AGREEMENT WITtY FRANCE DETAILED
Paris MARCHES TROPICAUX ET MEDITER~NEENS in French 29 May 81 p 1495
- [Article: "Comoro Islands: Civil Air Agreement with France at Hahaya Airport"]
[Text] We have already reported (MTM of 24 April, page 12U5) the signing on 17
April of an agreement between France and the Comoro Islands concerning FAC f inanc-
ing [French Aid and Cooperation Fund] amounting to 650 million Comoran francs
(13 million French francs). This arrangement concerns two projects:
--The xebuilding of the runway of the Moroni-Hahaya international airport, costing
500 million Comoran francs. This concerns the first phase of the work. The
, total cost of the operation has not yet been determined precisely;
, --Applying the aid provided for the functioning of the airport through the SOFREAVIA
company [six; expansion unknownJ, for a total expenditure of 150 ~illion Comoran
" francs.
_ Hah.aya airport was built by France between 1973 and 1975. When independence was
proclaimed, it was not completely finished, and events since then have prevented the
continuation of French technical assistance. In April, 1977, Air France moreover
- was forced to halt its lights from Paris to Moroni. After th~ overthrow of the
5oilih regime, putting the airport back :nto service was given priority and, since the
end of 1978, France has made arrangements, at the request of the Comoro Islands
authorities, to finance the necessary work and equipment. The SOFREAVIA company
was charged with putting the airport back into service, which was opened again to
A~.r France traffic on 31 March 1979.
COPYRIGHT: Rene Moreux et Cie Paris 1981
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COMURO ISLANDS
BRIEFS
ISLAMIC BANK LOAN--According to the terms of an agreement signed on 11 May, the
Islamic Aevelopment Bank will extend to the Comoro Islands a loan of $900,000 to
cover the cost in foreign exchange of the repairs and E::~cpansion of the petroleum
atorage reservoir at Masoni and to carry out technical studies with a view to in-
creasing the capacity of the atorage reservoir of the Comoro Islande. [Text] [Paris
MARCHES TROPICAUX ET MEDITERRANEENS in French 29 May 81 p 1495] [COPYRIGHT: Rene
Moreux et Cie Paris 1981] 5170
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GABON
MODERATE EXPANSION FORECAST FOR 1981 ECONUMY
Paris MARCHES TROPICAUX ET MEDITERRANEENS in French 29 May 81 pp 1488-1489
[Excerpte] The enormous increase in the price of oil to over $31 a barrel up
65 percent over 1979 and 145 percent over 1978 more than compensates for the
drop in Gabonese oil production and in 2 years, causPd exports to double in value.
The gross national product (GNP) rose 16.5 percent in 1980, totaling 795 billion
CFA francs as a result of the increased cost of oil, whose share went fram 43.6
- to 49.6 percent. That of the other sectors, servicea, transport, processing indus-
tries and commerce in particular, remains at 18 percent on the whole.
Actually, the public sector benefited fram the resaurces of the GNP more than the
private sector did. Public investments rose 26.6 percent, public consumption went
up 14.8 percent, while private investments rose only 8 percent and private consump-
tion only 9.8 percent.
~ With the increase in export receipts from oil and wood, which was clearly greater
than the increase in imports linked to the re3umption of economic activity, the
' rate of cover of the trade balance went from 338 percent in 1979 to 364 percent in
1980.
In 1980, the service on the debt absorbed 40 percent of budgetary resources, as
_ in 1979, with the surplus covering a deliberately limited public investment and
increased operating expenses.
_ Since ther~ were no new f~reign loans, the overall debt is dropping 50 billion
- france a year and at the~end of 1980, the outstanding total had an exchange value
of 403 billion CFA f rancs.
Prospects for 1981
The year 1981 will be marked by growth, in currerit francs, of 18 percent in the
gross national product and by an increased effort to rzstructure the national
econamy.
Unless new and ma~or deposits are discavered (a possibility not yet excluded), the
level of investments planned by oil companies is 80 billion CFA francs, and the
drop in oil reserves would indicate a gradual drop in production of Gabonese crude
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from 9 million tons in 1980 to 8.5 million tona in 1981 and 8.1 million tons in
1982. This drop in production will be amply com~sensated for, with reapect to re-
ceipts, by the increase in the sales price and the increase in the dollar.
'[n 1980, the activity of the two mining companies encountered difficulties due to
the poor situation of the iron and steel industry, which uses nanganese, and to
tlie drop in the demand for uranitun metal. The Ogooue Mining Company (CCA~IILOG)
~~roduced and exported 2 million tons of mang~xese ore (compared with 2.3 million
tons in 1979) and estimates for 1981 also total same 2 million tons mined and ex-
ported. The Franceville Uranium Mining Company (COMUF) produced 1,062 tons of
uranium metal, of which 1,039 tons were exported. Extimates for 1981 show sub-
stantial tonnages.
In 1980, the overall turnover of the two mining companies was 51.6 billion CFA
francs, down 17 percent compared with 1979. The value added by the mining sector
dropped 11.8 percent, totaling 38.8 billion CFA francs, or 6.6 percent of the GNP.
Investments totaled 13 billion CFA francs in 1980, up 50 percent over 1979, essen-
tially as a result of the work on the new COMUF uranium enrichment plant.
Gut of 6,478 kilometers of roads and trails,~only 459 were paved by the end of
December 1980. The inadequacy and poor condition of the road system are the ca:~se
of the low growth 4.8 percent in road transport, which is very small scale.
Put into service on 2 January 1979, the Libreville-N'D~ole section of the Trans-
- Gabonese (187 kilometers) has had gradual growth in passenger traffic anc? the
transport of rough timber.
Monetary and Financial Information
Over the last 3 years, growt:~ i~~ the gross national product has been as follows,
in billions of CFA francs: 1978, 539.2; 1979, 628:2; 1980, 798.1 (provisional
figure).
Since the beginning of 1981, the Gabonese economy has been affected by various
factors: good oil situation resulting in greater resources for the government;
a relaunching of public investments as a result of the surplus of financial means
procured through oil; and the resumption of sectors other than oil, mining and
public works. '
Growth predictions show a gross national product of same 938 billion CFA francs
for 1981 and 1.07 hillion for 1982 (6 years after crossing the 500-billion mark)..
According to these pro~ections, the sectors showing growth are essentially oil:
445 billion CFA francs in added value in 1981 (up 13 percent over 1980) and 477 bil-
lion in 1982 (up 7 percent); and the building-public works sector, with an added
value of 85 billion CFA francs in 1981 (up 77 pereent) and even more in 1982. On
the other hand, agriculture, the mining sector (manganese and uranium) and oil
refining do not show growth.
Thanks to oil, Gabon has a large surplus in its trade balance, which went from
+ 162.2 billion in 1978 to + 379.9 billion in 1980. Predictions for 1981 and 1982
show surpluses of 385 billion and 413 billion CFA francs respectively.
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On the other hand, Lhe balance of ~ervices showa a chronic deficit. The negative
balance went fram - 125.9 billion in 1978 to - 217.5 billion CFA francs in 1980.
Predictions for 1981 and 1982 show totals of - 285 billion and - 280 billion CrA
francs respectively.
Not counting private capital transactions (fnveatments and removing money from
investments) and transfers of public capital (loans and repayments), the current
- balance of paymenCs, showing a surplus of 134.4 billion CFA francs at the end of
1980, would remain positive in 1981 and 19$2 with surpluses of 100 and 133 billion
CFA francs respectively.
The evolution of the overall monetary situation reflects the different phases of
the Gabonese economy clearly: very rapid expansion until mid 1977; brutal reces-
sion from the end of 1977 to the end of 1978; resumption in 1979; and new moderate
growth in the second half of 1980.
Economic Policy Guidelines
The det-ermination of the government to keep the rate of inflation at the 1979 level
in 1980 (10.1 percent) couid not succeed. Consequently, the fight against inflation
had to be int~ensified: price controls, taxation, 1=~nited credit. Other measures
ar~ being considered: reform of distribution circuits; intensification of competi-
tion; re~PCtion of investments not guaranteeing full employment; and regulations
concerning the marketing of products.
, At the same time, the establishment of a revenue policy, incentives for small in-
vestors, the maintenance of a balanced rate. of growth, the institution of a rational
oil policy and a reforn? of administrative atructures could be decided upon.
COPYRIGHT; Re~ze Moreux et Cie., Paris, 1981
11,464
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GHANA
BRIEFS
FRG AID TO-DATE--Up to now, the German Federal Republic has granted Ghana a total
amount of 431.5 million DM ($187.6 million) in financial assistance, p~us 285.1
million DM ($124 million) in various grants, according to official German statistics.
For 1979 (last known figures), Ghana received from the FRG a total of 40 million
DM ($17.39 million) in credits at a preferential~rate, 13.1 million DM ($5.7 million)
in technical aid and 8 million ($3.48 million) in other grants. [Excerpt] [Paris
MARCHES TROPICAUX ET MEDITERRANEENS in French 5 Jun 81 p 1538]
DECREASED CUSTOMS, EXCISE RECEIPTS--For the 12-month period ending 30 June 1980,
Gha~na registered a significant decrease in customs and excise receipts, which
amounted to 1.8 billion cedis, while forecasts had been for 3 billion cedis. The
department for cuetoms and excise taxes only received 711,400 cedis on gold sales
instead of the 19.9 million forecast [as published]. On cocoa sales, the drop
was slightly less, with 1.03 mil.lion cedis against the 1.2 million forecast. For
other products, however, such as beer and cigarettes, receipCs were coneiderably
smaller than forecast: 96.03 million cedis for beer against 241.8 million, and
190.7 million for cigarettes against 354 million. It is believed that these
- reports must be seen in the light~of exaggerated forecasts rather than a result
of local economic conditions at present. [Text] [Paris MARCHES TROPICAUX ET
MEDITERRANEENS in French 5 Jun 81 p 1538]
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IVORY COAST
TRADE WITH, ASSISTANCE FROM GREAT BRITAIN ANALYZED
Paris MARCHES TROPICAUX ET MEDITERRANEENS in French 22 May 81 p 1415
[Text] In 1980, commercial trade between Great Britain and the Ivory Coast (amount-
ing to 81.47 million pounds) drapped slightly compared with 1979 (97.62 million
pounds). This decline in trade is essentially due to the very clear drop in British
imports (53.56 million pounds in 1980 compared with 73.62 million in 1979), while
British exports have remained stable, considering inflation (27.91 million pounds
in 1980 compared with 24 million in 1979).
Three British trade missions went to the Ivory Coast in 1980: one from the London
Chamber of Cmnmerce and Industry (fraon 9 to 16 February 1980), one from the British
Agricultural Engineers Association tfrom 24 to 29 April) and finally, one from the
Engineering Industries Association;(from 7 to 13 October). It should be noted that
the mission of British manufacturers that visited the Ivory Coast from 7 to 13 March,
headed by Lord Trefgarne, deputy secretary of state for trade, assured the confirma-
tion of a large nwnber of contracts for a tofial of nearly 110 billion CFA francs
(see MARCHES TROPICAUX of 20 May 1981, p 784).
British Exports to the Ivory Coast in 1979 and 1980 (in millions of pounds)
1979 1980
Total 24.00 27.91
including:
Live animals and animal and plant products. 1.32 1.53
Beverages 2.15 2.17
Tobacco 1.87 1.19
Products from chemical industries and related industries 2.67 3.14
Manufactured products 2.35 3.99
Specialized mechanical equipment 6.80 3.90
Misc. industrial machines 1.20 1.05
Road vehicles 0.78 0.74
Other transport equipment 1.58 1.76
oil products 0.23 2.30
British Imports From the Ivory Coast in 1979 and 1980 (in millions of pounds)
1979 ~1980
Total 73.62 53.56
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Rritish Imports (cont.)

~ 1979 1980
righ o.so 1.97
Fruits and vegetables 1.30 1.81
- Sugar 1.83 1.11
Coffee and cacao 48~12 28.50
- Natural, raw rubber 0.94 0.78
Wood 13.53 9.33
Textile fibers 2.23 1.05
Vegetable oils 1.13 2.44
Concerning bilateral cooperation, the aid granted by Great Britain to the Ivory
Coast has more than tripled betwe~n 1975 (92,500 pounds) and 1980 (305,000 pounds).
The aid included 101,500 pounds SterXing in 1976, 95,000 pounds in 1977, 142,000
pounds in 1978 and 330,400 pounds in 1979. More than a third of British interven-
tions concern the financing of scholarships in Great Britain, whose total amount
is steadily increasing (from 33,000 pounds in 1975 to 115,000 pounds in 1980).
, British Aid to the Ivory Coast From 1975 to 1980 (in pounds Sterling)
1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980
Capital, agricultural loans 192,000 45,000
OXFAM [expansion unknown] 3,000 .
Volunteers 4,500 4,500 3,000
Gift of books 2,000 1,000 1,400 4,000
Technical equipment 3,000 (schools)
Seminars in English 2,000
British professors in IC 55,000 51,000 44,000 41,000 37,000 48,000
Miscellaneous 8,500* 28,OOff**
Aid to Geographical Institute 65,000
Scholarships in Great Britain 33,000 46,000 51,000 8~i,000 97,000 115,000
* Land-Rover
Gift of a freeze drier to Bingerville Pathology Laboratory
COPYRIGHT: Rene Moreux et Cie., Paris, 1981
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IVOR`r. COAST
- BRIEFS
- FRENCH AGRICULTURAL LOAN--The Central Fund for Economic Cooperation (CCCE) has just
granted the Ivory Coast a loan of 585 million CFA francs, to be used for partial
financing of the "research-development" program of the Ivorian Tropical Technology
Company (T2T) in the agroindustrial and agrofood field. [Text] [Paris MARCHES
TROPICAUX ET MEDITERRANEENS in French 29 May 81 p 1477] 11,464
SPANTSH ELECTRIFICATION LOAN--Lambert Konan, general d~rector of the Ivory Coast
Electric Power Company (EECI), and Teodoro Bragado Perex, deputy director of the
Foreign Bank of Spain, signed an agreement on 22 May according to which the Spanish
bank granted a loan of 5,695,000,000 CFA francs to the Ivory Coa*~t Electric Power
~ Company. The loan will be used to camplete financing of the '''central spider" pro-
~ect that will supply electric power to the western and northwestern regions of the
country. The loan, backed by the Ivorfan Government~ is for 13 years with a 3-year
deferment and an interest rate of 8.1 percent. [Text] [Paris MARCHES TROPICAUX
ET MEDITERRANEENS in French 29 May 81 p 1477] 11,464
LARGEST MULTIBANK LOAN--On 18 May, the ~vory Coast contracted for a loan of
$275 million (74 billion CFA francs) with 48 banks representing several countries,
the Yvorian minister of finance announced on 19 May. The loan is the highest ever
taken out by the Ivory Coast on Che Eurocredit market. It enables the Ivory Coast
to be the first country in Black Africa to make its entry into the interbank market
of dPposits in special drawing rights (SDR),.because the loan involves an installment
in SDR amounting to $50 million. [Text] [Paris MARCHES TROPICAUX ET MEAITERRANEENS
in French 29 May 81 p 1477] 11,464
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_ MADAGASCAR
LIFE IN COUNTFY~S PRISONS DESCRIBED
Paris JEUNE AFRIQUE in French 2 Jun 81 pp 44.-45.
[Article by Francois Soudan: "A Forei.gner And Therefore a Spy: the Experience
of Valev Dimitrov Took Place in Madagascar, But It Could Aave Ha.ppened Almost ,Any-
where in Africa"]
[Text] "If I had been able to commit suicide,~T would I~ave done it, for sure. But
it was impossible. One day, my friead Milan slasfied his veins with a piece of glass.
The guards im~?ediately saw what had happened. They~sewed his arm back up without
aneathetic," Valev Dimirrov said. He is 23 years o1d. A few months ago, since he
walked out as a free man from the cells of the Directorate General of Tnformation
and Documentation (DGI'.D)--the Madagascar political police--Valev has become a
violent man, whose eyea seem to recall each atage of his sufferings for 33 months.
He said, "I waQ ~ust aa eyelash from going mad. My friend Mi1an is still in their
prison. It must be all up with him by now."
Stowaways
It began in Marseille on 16 February 1978. Dimitrov, a Bulgarian agricultural
technician, a political refugee in France, and his friend, Milan Knezic, a Yugoslav,
stow away on a Norwegian freighter, the nSLO FJORD, bound for Sydney, Australia.
At least they think so. France has become hostile to foreigners, ~obs there are
hard to find, and the sky is very gray. In Australia there is the sun and a kind
of Eldorado to look forward to; and, furthermore, they are young. After 2 days at
sea they make themselves lazown to the crew and leam that they have taken the wrong
ship. A ship from the same company, the SEAI,, goes~from Marseille to Sydney, but
nat the OSLO FJORD, which goes to Toamasina (Tamatave) on the east coast of
Madagascar.
They are told that~in Madagascar there are other ships going to Australj.a. There-
fore, on 10 March Valev and Milan go ashore in Toamasina and beg3n look~ig for a
freighter going to Sydney. However; they are quickly noticed by the port police,
who arrest them, no douht for a routine interrogation. In fact, this was the begin-
ning of their descent iiito hell. Turned over to the gendarmery, then authorized
to remain a few days and accused of being involved in espionage and an attempted
plot against the state, they are transferred=-without an opportunity to be heard in
~ court--to the DGTD prison at Amboh3bao, 12 kilometers north of Antananarivo, the
capital.
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Torture
~ Seen from outside, the place ~s a charming one. In fact, it is a form~r hotel, the
Relais Aeriens, on the shore of a lake. FYom within, it is something quite different.
The cells are dirty, with some of them 60 cm to a side and 80 cm high. The food is
terrible. And then there is torture. The one who directs the torture is called
Bienaime Christopher Raveloson-Mahaeampo. He is a colonel, the chief of the DGID,
and the brother-in-law of President Didier Ratsiraka. Everyone knows him and each
one fears him. He is a kind of Jean-Boniface Assele of Madagascar.
- "Several times, during the interrogations, he was the one who beat me the hardest,"
Dimitrov testifies, "with 10 or 15 soldiers kicking me and hftting me with the butts
of their Kalashnikov rifles." Often Valev was tied up naked to a chain and elec-
trodes were connected to his penis, his ankles, and his wrists. The colonel himself
controlled the electric current. Dimitrov testifies that he did this "with evident
pleasure."
After spending one year in the DGID headquarters, Dimitrov was transferred to
Antananarivo, to the Antanimora prison for ordinary criminals, not far from the
university. The reason for this was that, informed by the Norwegian shipping line,
Amnesty International had expressed concern about his situation. As for Knezic,
he remained behind at the Relais Aeriens hotel; he is still there.
At AnCanimora prison torture was less frequent, but the living conditions were in-
human: as many as 200 to 250 detainees were held in cells intended for 40 people.
There were frequent epidemics: 150 died in a few days at the end of 1977. There
Dimitrov rubbed elbows with Ma.lagasy prisoners. He recalls, "They were treated like
animals. If they could bribe the guards, they were left alone. Otherwise, they
were beaten. Some of them had their fingers broken with a hammer. One morning
in December, 1980, Valev Dimitrov was finally, and for the f irst time, brought
before a court. The proceedings took little time. In a few minutes he was found
not guilty, released, and expelled to France. Acquitted after 33 months of deten-
- t ion !
However, Dimitrov didn't know everything about the subject. There is also the
island prison of Nosy-Lava, in the northwest of the country, where 300 Malagasy
prisoners--most of them sentenced for common crimes--work under atrocious conditions
under the iron rule of a certain man named Dieudonne Edson, also laiown by the name
of Von~eomalaky (mean~ng "Quick, help!") among the detainees. A former inmate of
this prison testifies, "Tn 2 years I saw 7 prisoners die before my eyes. One was
lynched by the guards and six of them died of hunger and thirst following punish-
' ment. Elsewhere, the violence continues, and waves of arrests have become more
frequent since the beginning of the university strikes, in November, 1980.
1 Burned with Acid
The latest imown victim was named Regis Rakotonirina, a scientif ic researcher. Wi~h
several other teachers, including the chairman of the Commission on ~he Rights of
Man of Madagascar, Professor Randriamampandry, Regis was arrested by the DGID on
10 February 1981. According to a number of witnesses, he was literally picked up in
the middle of Antananarivo. He was reportedly burned with acid at the Relais Aeriens
- hotel, before he disappeared.
COPYRIGHT: Jeune Afrique GRUPJIA 1981
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MADAGASCAR
PALM OIL REFINERY AT TOAMASINA TO QPEN 'BY END OF YEAR~
Paris MARCHES TROPICAUX ET MEDITERRANEENS in French 29 May 81 p 1495
[Article: "Toamasina Palm Oil Refinery Will Begin Operation by End of Year"]
[Text] The foundations of the Toamasi.sia cooking oil refinery were officially laid
on 29 April. This was the beginning of the construction of an important project
under study since 1977, which has been turned over to the Italian firm Costruzioni
Meccaniche Bernardini, under a contract signed on 17 January 1980 (see MTM of
25 January 1980, page 211). The Italian company will provide and install the mech-
anical equipment and materials, while the construction of the buildings will be
handled by two local firms, Ny Andry and Tatsinanana. The supervisor of the work
will be the Mamokatra company.
The factory, which involves an investment in the order of 2.0 billion Madagascar
_ �rancs, could be in operation by the end of this year. It could process under
normal c~nditions (within 2 years) 9,000 tons of raw palm oil provided by the
SOMAPALM company [Madagascar Palm Oil Company] and thus could market 8,200 tons of
edible oil. The "raw material" will thus be provided by SOMAPALM which, as we know,
has set in motion, in the vicinity of Toamasina a"palm oil plan." Some 1,100
hectares have already been earmarked for it, and the ob~ective is to expand the pro-
duction area fairly soon to 1,700 hectares. Moreover, a study is under way to pre-
pare some 3,500 hectares for palm oil production at Cap Masoala.
The palm oil nuts produced by SOMAPALM are processed by the oil factory at Ambato-
manohina, which was built in 1975 and inaugurated on 18 February 1976. This factory,
constructed by SPEICHIM and CIMELTA Isic; expansion unknown], cost 500 million
Madagascar francs. Its capital is entirely Malagasy in origin.
COPYRIGHT: Rene Moreux et Cie Paris 1981
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MALAWI
BRIEFS
PRESS HOLDINGS INDUSTRIAL PROJECTS--The Press Holdings firm of Malawi, which is
supervised by the chief of state, Dr H. Kamuzu Banda, is currently studying the
following pro~ects: Cement: The production capacity of the two Portland Cement
_ plants in Blantyre is inadequate and it therefore became necessary to build a
second productian unit. The future plant should be built at Kasungu and will re-
quire an investment on the order of 90 million French francs, for which aid from
the European :Cnvestment Bank (BEI) has been requested. Its production capacity
should be between 400 and S00 tons per day. International calls f or bids will be
issued as soon as the last feasibility study has been submitted to Press Holdings
(August-September 1981). Fertilizer: A fertilizer plant is being studied, but the
size of the 3nvestment (nearly 400 million French francs) causes those making the
dECision to hesitate. The best site would be near Nkula Falls, where two hydro-
electric powerplants are in operation. In addition. the Press Holdings firm has ob-
- tained a loan of $10 million from Barclays Bank International and the Standard
Chartered Bank through the government of Ma.lawi. The loan is to be repaid in
3 years after a deferment period of 2.5 years. The annual interest rate is 1.75
percent and the bank co~ission .75 percent. It should be recalled that Press
Holdings now employs over 30,000 persons in Malawi through its subsidiaries.
[Text] [Paris MARCHES TROPICAUX ET MEDITERRANEENS in French 15 May 81 p I376]
11,464
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MOZAMBIQUE
BRIEFS
NIASSA PROVINCE DEVELOPMENT--Twelve projecCs for economic development have been
established in the province of Niassa to turn it into an example of the "struggle
against under-devel.opment." They include: a 400,000-hectare agricultural develop-
ment pro~ect covering als~ the Cabo Delgado province (to be carried out with
Romanian assistance); the study of a 70,000-hectare agricultural development project
in the Lucheringo Valley (in cooperation with the GDR); the establishment of 2 live-
stock pro~ects, with a 15,000-hectare unit `Jnango and a 6,000-hectare unit in
Lipuzia (5,200 heads of cattle by 1984); the creation of a milk production unit
in Lichinga (at present 20 cows, rising to 140 by 1984); construction of the
Lichinga-Pemba and Majune-Msawize roads; an inventory of the water resources of
the Lugenda basin (60,000 square kilometers) and the Lurio basin; a program for
the development of fishing in the Niassa Lake (with FAO technical assistance);
- the construction, 3 years from now, of a textile plant in Cuamba; a geological map
of the province linked to mining prospects; the study of Che possibility for lime
deposits exploitation; the study of forestry resources over a 350,000-hectare zune
in the districts of Cuamba, Marua and Marrupa (with ~he assistance of a Brazilian
company); finally, a project to create a hunting preserve in the Mecula and Mavago
districts. [Text] [Paris MARCHES TROPICAUX ET MEDITERRANEENS in French 5 Jun 81
p 1553J
MAPUTO-SOFIA-BERLIN AIR LINK--The Mozambican air transportation company LAM marked
the first anniversary of its creation on 14 May by introducing a first-class
service between Maputo, Sofia and Berlin, similar to the one introduced recently
on the Maputo-Paris line. [Excerpt] [Paris MARCHES TROPICAUX ET MEDITERRANEENS
in French 5 Jun 81 p 1553]
PORTUGUESE RAILROAD ASSISTANCE--Portugal will participate, in the amount of $30 mil-
lion, in the financing of reconstruction of the railroad between Malawi and Nacala,
the third-ranking port in Mozambique. The Portuguese contribution makes up some
30 percent of the total cost of the work, which will be done by a French-Portuguese
~ consortium. Representatives of SOMAFEL [expansion unknown], the Portuguese member
of the consortium, have already had talks on the subject with local authorities
in Maputo. Reconstruction of the port facilities has already begun in Nacala
~ (northern province of Mozambique), which also serves Malawi. The modernization of
the 650 kilometers of track between Nacala and Malawi is one of the 97 transport
and communications projects presented at the South African Coordination and Develop-
ment Conf erence held in Maputo in November. [Text] [Paris MARCHES TROPICAUX ET
MEDITERRANEENS in French 29 May 81 p 1488] 11,464
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SENEGAL
BRIEFS
MORE DETAILS ON PETROSEN--Senegal has set up a national oil company to be known as
PETROSEN, with capital amounting to 130 million CFA francs held by the government
(90 percent), the Senegal National Development Bank (BNDS) (5 percent) and the Sene-
_ galese Financial Company for the Development of Industry and Tourism (5 percent).
According to Senegalese Minister of Industrial Development Cheikh Amidou Kane,
the new company will be in charge of drafting and carrying out Senegalese hydro-
carbon policy and will function as a consulting fixm until July 1982. In that
capacity, it will finalize geophysical studies and complete two test wells on light
oil deposits discovered off Casamance (southern Senegal). PETROSEN will also be
in charge of improving the Senegalese oil code, setting up oil archives, studying
_ the Senegalese sedimentary basin and training personnel. After July 1982, PETROSEN
_ will go into partnership with other campanies and work Senegal's oil deposits.
The deposit of light oil found off the coast near Casamance was discovered thanks
to a$5 million loan from the World Bank and research done by the West African
Total Oil Company. Not far away are bituminous schists whose development may be-
came profitable, according to specialists, if the price of oil continues to rise.
The establishment of PETROSEN is for the purpose of relieving the burden of the
- country's oil bill, whi~h was 50.62 billion CFA francs in 1980 (canpared with
29 billion in 1979), nearly half of the country's operating budget (115.64 billion
CFA francs). [Text] [Paris MARCHES TROPICAUX ET MEDITERRANEENS in French 29 May 81
p 1475] 11,464
DETAILS ON EXPORT PROMOTION--On 19 May, Senegalese Minister of Cvmmerce Faliluu
- Kane announced a series of ineasures aimed at promoting exports and reducing the
deficit in Senegal's trade balance, which is on the order of 109 billion CFA francs.
According to the minister, these measures concern the creation of new export enter-
prises, the search for markets, the establishment of a system of subsidies and
guarantees for exports (in order to avoid payment difficulties with countries that
are not in the same monetary zone and in order to make the products competitive on
the African markets), and the diversification of export products. Kane recalled
that 60 percent of Senegal's exports have heretofore been made up of peanuts and
phosphates. Because of the drought that hit Senegal.and problems which phosphates
have encountered internationally, Senegal has been forced to turn its efforts
Coward other sectors such as fishing, which brought in 23 billion CFA francs, he
added. At the same time, a new import policy that would give merchants the freedam
to order products of their choice in Che country of their choice will be applied,
along with a policy of nondiscrimination with respect to customs duties, Kane
emphasized. [Text] [Paris MARCHES TROPICAUX ET MEDITERRANEENS in French 29 May 81
p 1476] 11,464
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NIEBE, PEANUT MARKETING CAME'AIGNS--The marketing campaign for niebe [beansJ from
the 1980-1981 harvest came to a close throughout the territory of Niger in mid May.
All provisions previous to the new order are hereby abrogated, particula.rly
Order No 038/r.AECI/DCI/I~R of 30 October 1980, which establiehes conditiona for
50NARA [Niger Peanut Marketing Company], UNCC [Niger Credit and Cooperation Unionj
cooperatives and storage organizations within the framework of the general organ-
ization of the marketing of niebe from the 1980-1?81 harvest. The peanut marketing ~
campaign for the 1980-1981 season came to a close throughout the Republic of Niger
in mid May. All pravisions previous to the new order are hereby abrogated, parti-
cularly Order No 039/MAECI/DCI/I~IDR of 30 October 1980 concerning the organization
of the 1980-1981 peanut harvest. [Text] [Paris MARCHES TROPICAUX ET MEDITERRANEENS
in French 29 May 81 p 1479] 11,464
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- TANZANIA
BRIEFS
CLOSER RELATIONS WITH INDONESIA --Following the official visit made to Tanzania in
mid May by Indonesian Minister of Foreign Affairs Mochtar Kusumaatmadja, who had
talks in Dar-es-Salaam with the gover~ent of Julius Nyerere, bilateral cooperation
between Tanzania and Indonesia should be intensified. Proposals worked out during
the visit will be submitted to the government in Djakarta. Tanzania hopes that the
Tanzania Harbours Authority (THA) and the Sma11 Scale Industries Organization (SIDO)
will receive Indonesian aid. Proposed cooperation involves the training of Tanzan-
ians in Indonesia and the sending of Indonesian exports to Tanzania. Indonesia~s
cooperation with Tanzania is already effective, with D~akarta obtaining technical
assistance for the low-cost housing program in Dodoma within the framework of the
activities of the Capital Development Authority (CDA) and maritime services for the
Tanzania Railway Corporation (TRC). [Text] [Paris MARCHES TROPICAUX ET MEDITER-
RANEENS in French 29 May 81 p 1493] 11,464
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ZATRE
BRIEFS
COFFEE PRODUCTION, EXPORTS--According to the figures from the Zairian Coffee Office
(OZACAF), coffee production during the 1979-1980 season in Zaire was on the order of
96,000 tons, campared with 70,000 tons for the previous season (1978-1979). Zairian
coffee exports went from 62,800 tons in 1979 to 74,123 tons in 1980 (up 18 percent),
according to the same saurce. Robusta coffee exports rose 23 percent, whil~ those
of Arabica coffee dropped 17.5 percent. Coffee stock at the end of the season was
estimated at 20,000 tons. Concerning marketing fraud, semi-official sources put it
at same 5,000 tone in 1980, but according to ANEZA (National Association of Zairian
Enterprises), it reportedly amounted to 20,000 tons, as in 1979. It is recalled in
Kinshasa that several measures have been taken to discourage uncontrolled coffee
exports. The latest went into effect during the last quarter of 1980. It forces
exporters to place on their shipments stamps supplied by the Internatiunal Coffee
Organization (OIC) through the Bank of Zaire. Shipments without stamps will hence-
forth be re~ected for consumption bq all countries belonging to the OIC. The OIC
delivers export stamps to every country based on the annual quota allotted. That
quota for Zaire is 72,000 tons in 1981. [Text] [Paris MARCHES TROPICAUX ET MEDITER-
RANEENS in French 15 May 81 p 1373] 11,464
PUBLIC INVESTMENT PROGRAM--The public investment program for 1981-1983, which con-
stitutes the revival program of the Executive Council for the period in question,
was approved by an ordinance-law of 3 April 1981. The program had been presented
t0 Che FYecutit i,vuu~ii U}7 tl'le o�!2erdl plcullli?ig commissioner Oii M~~'Ctl, ,~"'ii tliut
occasion, it was announced that the overall cost of the 3-year program would be
6,867,000,000 zaires, including some 4,688,000,000 in foreign exchange. The follow-
ing distribution is planned: agriculture, 12.5 percent; mining, 34.4 percent; trans-
port, 21.4 percent; energy, 16 percent; education, 3.2 percent; health, 1.2 percent;
other, 10.1 percent; and unexpected expenditures, 1.2 percent. It should also be
recalled that an ordinance-law of 3 April corrected the government's budget for
fiscal year 19�il. The government's regular resources were reviewed and increased
from 5,070,850,000 zaires to 6,365,600,000 zaires, while receipts were maintained
at 545.5 million zaires. Budgetary credits for regular expenditures were increased
from 6,187,500,000 zaires to 6.5 billion. Expenditures for contingencies can only
be prorated based on corresponding receipts taken in. Authorizations to make com-
- mitments for capital expenditures were maintained at 1,237,400,000 zaires, but pay-
ment credits for these expenditures were raised to 386.9 million. The deficit of
expenditures compared with receipts is therefore 521.3 million zaires. To cover
the deficit, the state commissioner for finance and budget is authorized to contract
one or several loans for the 1981 fiscal year. [Text] [Paris MARCHES TROPICAUX ET

- MEDITERRANEENS in French S Jun 81 p 1543] 11,464
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